AFRICAN JOURNAL OF POLITICAL SCIENCE REVUE AFRICAINE DE SCIENCE POLITIQUE NEW SERIES Volume 3 Number 1 Special Issue: African Militaries And New Security Agendas Guest Editor: Eboe Hutchful June 1998 ISSN 1027 0353 African Journal of Political Science (formerly African Journal of Political Economy) Revue Africaine de Science Politique New Series Vol. 3 No. 1 June 1998 A Journal of the African Association of Political Science, it is published two times a year (June and December). Articles in the AJPS represent neither the views of the African Association of Political Science (AAPS) nor its officers. Responsibility for opinions or views expressed, and the accuracy of facts presented and published rests solely with the individual authors concerned. ©African Association of Political Science, June 1998 Printed by: Print-Source (Pvt) Ltd P.O. Box HG 640, Highlands, Harare, Zimbabwe. Editor: Kwame A. Ninsin Editorial Board Oyeleye Oyediran — University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria Ruth lyob — University of Missouri-St. Louis, Missouri, USA Patricia McFadden — SAPES Trust, Harare, Zimbabwe Peter Karibe Mendy — Instituto Nacional de Estudos E Pesquisa, Bissau Abdel Malek Ouda — Dept. of Politics & Economics, U. of Cairo, Cairo, Egypt Onalenna Selolwane — Dept. of Sociology, U. of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana Luc Sindjoun — University of Yaounde II, Yaounde, Cameroon Editorial Advisory Board N. Simelane Okwudiba Nnoli Georges Nzongola-Ntalaja Dan W. Nabudare L. Adele Jinadu Helmy Sharawi Rwekaza Mukandala Abdoulaye Bathily Ibbo Mandaza Subscription: African Institutions Non-African Institutions US$ 15 per issue (airmail) US$20 per issue (airmail) Individual (Non-AAPS Members) US$ 15 per issue (airmail) All enquiries about subscription and related matters should be addressed to: The Editor, African Journal of Political Science, 19 Bodle Avenue, Eastlea Harare P.O. BoxMP 1100, Mt. Pleasant, Harare. Zimbabwe. Tel: (263-4)739023-5 • Fax: (263-4)730403 • E-mail: aapsl@samara cozw Notes for Contributors The African Journal of Political Science is published twice — June and December — of each year. Contributions may be submitted in English or French, should be not more than 8,000 words. The author's name, rank and institutional affiliation and address should be on the title page, separate from the manuscript to ensure anonymity in the review process. Diagrams, graphs, etc., accompanying manuscripts should come camera ready to avoid delays in production. All contributions should be submitted on a diskette [5'/4" or 3.5"], preferably in Microsoft Word or WP 5.0,5.1,6.0,6.1, accompanied by two hard copies of the manuscript, typed double spaced. All references to books and articles should be identified in the text by the surname of author, year of publication and page reference, placed in parenthesis; e.g., (Mendy 1994 : 95). If the author is mentioned in the sentence or section only the date of publication of book or article plus page reference should be given. Where there is more than one reference to the same author with materials published in the same year the references should be distinguished sequentially as for example, (Mendy 1994.a: 95; 1994b : 100-120). Short quotations should be distinguished by the double quotation mark; but quotations of more than three lines should be indented and separated from the main paragraph. These do not need quotation marks. End notes (no footnotes) should be kept to a minimum, numbered consecutively, and placed at the end of the text. This should be followed by a list of References arranged alphabetically, with the surname of author first, followed by her/his initials, date of publication, full title of book, place of publication and name of publisher. For journal articles, the author'ssumameand initials shouldprecede the date of publication, full title of article, name of journal, volume, number and page references). Example References Eyoh, Dickson. 19% "From Economic Crisis to Political Liberalisation: Pitfalls of the New Political Sociology for Africa. "African Studies Review. Vol.39, No.3 December. f . _ Mkandawire. Thandika 1996 "Stylising Accumulation in African Countries and die Role of the Mate in Policy-making." in M. Lundahl and B.J Nduiu, (eds.) New Directions in Development Economics. London/New York: Routledge. Shivji, 1. 1976 Class Struggles in Tanzania. Dares Salaam: Tanzania Publishing House. Research Notes should be brief and focused primarily on expatiating a point(s) arising fom current research. Review Essays should cover substantial literature regarding a particular issue or issues. Include a 250-word abstract, and a signed Declaration that the manuscript has neither been published elsewhere nor sent for consideration by another journal. All cwmpmitm itoaW *• tiirtat* u: The Editor. AJPS African AssociMion of E-mail: upsl «amm.co.iwP.*lical Science P.O. Box MP 1100,MLPIeiMnl Hanic. ZIMBABWE. Telephone: (263-4) 739023-5 Fix: (263-4) 730403 E-mtil: Mpsiennun.co.zw 111 Notes pour les collaborateurs La Revue Africaine de Science Politique est publiee deux fois par an - juin et ddcembre de chaque ann<5e. Les contributions peuvent fitre redigees en anglais ou en francais, ne doivent pas ddpasser 8.000 mots. Le nom de l'auteur ainsi que son grade, son affiliation institutionnelle et son adresse doivent figurer sur la page de titre, qui doit etre separee du texte afin de garantir 1'anonymat lors de revaluation. Tout diagramme, graphique, etc.accompagnant le manuscrit doit pouvoir etre imprime de suite pour eViter un retard dans la publication. Toutes les contributions doivent etre soumises sur disquette [5VV ou 3.5"] de preference sur Microsoft Word ou WP 5.0, 5.1, 6.0, 6.1, accompagnee de deux copies dactylographies en double interligne. Toute reference a des ouvrages ou articles doit etre identifiee dans le texte par le nom de l'auteur d'abord, suivi de l'annee de publication et de la page, le tout entre parentheses, comme ceci (Mendy 1994:95). Si l'auteur est deja mentionne dans la phrase ou le passage, seules la date de publication de 1'ouvrage ou de I'article ainsi que la page seront mentionnees. Dans un passage ou le meme auteur est cite plus d'une fois pour des publications datant de la mSme ann6e, les references devront se faire successivement de la facon suivante: (Mendy 1994.a : 95; 1994.b : 100-120). Les citations courtes doivent etre mises entre guillemets. Par-contre, les citations de plus de trois lignes ne necessitent pas de guillemets: elles doivent etre mises en retrait et s^parees du paragraph* principal. Les notes de reference doivent etre limite'es au minimum, nume'rotees et plac^es a la fin du texte (pas de notes en bas de la page). Ces notes seront suivies de la liste des references dans un ordre alphabetique avec d'abord le nom de l'auteur, suivi de ses initiates, de la date de publication et du nom de l'£diteur. Pour des articles de revues, le nom de l'auteur ainsi que ses initiates doivent precdder la date de publication, le titre complet de I'article, le nom de la revue, le volume, le nurnero et la/les page/s. Exemple Eyoh, Dickson. 1996 "From Economic Crisis to Political Liberalisation: Pitfalls of the New Political Sociology for Africa. "African Studies Review. Vol.39, No.3 December. Mkandawire, Thandika 1996 "Stylising Accumulation in African Countries and the Role of the State in Policy-making." in M. Lundahl and B.J Ndulu, (eds.) New Directions in Development Economics. London/New York: Routledge. Shivji, I. 1976 Class Struggles in Tanzania. Dar es Salaam: Tanzania Publishing House. Les notes de recherche doivent rester breves et doivent soulever une ou plusieurs question/s sur la recherche en cours. d^b a ( / s Les critiques doivent couvrir un nombre important d'ouvrages Merits sur un ou plusieurs Veuillez joindre un resume de 250 mots ainsi qu' une Declaration signee indiquant que le manuscrit n a ni ete pubhe, ni ete presente ailleurs afin d'etre publie dans une autre revue. Tmiui In correspondences dolveal lire adresstes i: The Editor, AJPS African Association of Political Science P.O. Box MP 111)0. Ml. Pleasant Harare, ZIMBABWE Telephone: (263-4) 739023-5 Fax: (263-4) 730403 E-mail: aapsl@saniara.co./.w IV AFRICAN JOURNAL OF POLITICAL SCIENCE (Formely African Journal of Political Science) REVUE AFRICAINE DE SCIENCE POLITIQUE NEW SERIES Volume 3 Number 1 June 1998 CONTENTS/SOMMAIRE Articles EboeHutchful Introduction: Africa - Rethinking Security Rocky Williams Towards the Creation of an African Civil-Military Relations Tradition Herbert M. Howe and Aaryn Urell African Security in the Post Cold War Era: An Examination of Multinational vs Private Security Forces Remy Bazenguissa-Ganga . Les milices urbaines au Congo: La transition democratique et al dissemination des pratiques de violence Horace Campbell Angolan Women in Search of Peace J 'Kayode Fayemi The Future of Demilitarisation and Civil Military Relations in West Africa: Challenges and Prospects for Democratic Consolidation Irae Baptista Lundin Mechanisms of Community Reception of Demobilised Soldiers in Mozambique Joost R. Hiltermann . Mrr\ Stemming the Flow of Arms into Africa: How African NGOs can Make a Difference