AFRICAN JOURNAL OF POLITICAL SCIENCE REVUE AFRICAINE DE SCIENCE POLITIQUE June 1999 NEW SERIES Volume 4 Number 1 ISSN 1027 0353 African Journal of Political Science (formerly African Journal of Political Economy) Revue Africaine de Science Politique New Series Vol. 4 No. 1 June 1999 A Journal of the African Association of Political Science, it is published two times a year (June and December). Articles in the AJPS represent neither the views of the African Association of Political Science (AAPS) nor its officers. Responsibility for opinions or views expressed, and the accuracy of facts presented and published rests solely with the individual authors concerned. © African Association of Political Science, June 1999 Printed by: Print-Source (Pvt) Ltd, P.O. Box HG 640, Highlands, Harare, Zimbabwe. Design & Layout: Martin Pireyi, P.O. Box CY23O3, Causeway, Harare, Zimbabwe. Editor: Kwame A. Ninsin Editorial Board Oyeleye Oyediran — University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria Ruth lyob — University of Missouri-St. Louis, Missouri, USA Patricia McFadden — SAPES Trust, Harare, Zimbabwe Peter Karibe Mendy — Instituto Nacional de Estudos E Pesquisa, Bissau Abdel Malek Ouda — Dept. of Politics & Economics, U. of Cairo, Cairo, Egypt Onalenna Selolwane — Dept. of Sociology, U. of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana Luc Sindjoun — University of Yaounde II, Yaounde, Cameroon Editorial Advisory Board Okwudiba Nnoli N. Simelane Dan W. Nabudare Georges Nzongola-Ntalaja Helmy Sharawi L. Adele Jinadu Abdoulaye Bathily Rwekaza Mukandala Ibbo Mandaza Subscription: African Institutions US$15 per issue (airmail) Non-African Institutions US$20 per issue (airmail) Individual (Non-AAPS Members) US$15 per issue (airmail) M\ enquiries about subscription and related matters should be addressed to: The Editor, African Journal of Political Science, 19 Bodle Avenue, Eastlea, Harare. P.O. Box MP 1100, Mt. Pleasant, Harare, Zimbabwe. Tel: (263-4)739023-5 • Fax: (263-4) 730403 • E-mail: aapsl@samara.co.zw Notes for Contributors The African Journal of Political Science is published twice - June and December - of each year. Contributions may be submitted in English or French, should be not more than 8,000 words. The author's name, rank and institutional affiliation and address should be on the title page, separate from the manuscript to ensure anonymity in the review process. Diagrams, graphs, etc., accompanying manuscripts should come camera ready to avoid delays in production. All contributions should be submitted on a diskette [5'/«" or 3.5"], preferably in Microsoft Word or WP 5.0,5.1.6.0,6.1. accompanied by two hard copies of the manuscript, typed double spaced. All references to books and articles should be identified in the text by the surname of author, year of publication and page reference, placed in parenthesis; e.g., (Mendy 1994: 95). If the author is mentioned in the sentence or section only the date of publication of book or article plus page reference should be given. Where there is more than one reference to the same author with materials published in the same year the references should be distinguished sequentially as for example. (Mendy 1994.a:95; 1994b: 100-120). Short quotations should be distinguished by the double quotation mark: but quotations of more than three lines should be indented and separated from the main paragraph. These do not need quotation marks. End notes (no footnotes) should be kept to a minimum, numbered consecutively, and placed at the end of the text. This should be followed by a list of References arranged alphabetically, with the surname of author first, followed by her/his initials, date of publication, full title of book, place of publication and name of publisher. For journal articles, the author's surname and initials should precede the date of publication, full title of article, name of journal, volume, number and page reference(s). Example References Eyoh, Dickson. 1996 "From Economic Crisis to Political Liberalisation: Pitfalls of the New Political Sociology for Africa. "African Studies Review. Vol. 39, No. 3 December. Mkandawire, Thandika 1996 "Stylising Accumulation in African Countries and the Role of the State in Policy-making." in M. Lundahl and B.J. Ndulu. (eds.) New Directions in Development Economics. London/New York: Routledge. Shivji, I. 1976 Class Struggles in Tanzania. Dar es Salaam: Tanzania Publishing House. Research Notes should be brief and focused primarily on expatiating a point(s) arising fom current research. Review Essays should cover substantial literature regarding a particular issue or issues. Include a 250-word abstract, and a signed Declaration that the manuscript has neither been published elsewhere nor sent for consideration by another journal. All correspondence should be addressed to: The Editor, AJPS African Association of Political Science P.O. Box MP 1100, Mt. Pleasant Harare. Zimbabwe. Telephone: (263-4) 739023-5 • Fax: (263-4) 730403 E-mail: aapsl@samara.co.zw iii Notes pour les collaborateurs La Revue Africaine de Science Politique est publide deux fois par an - juin et decembre de chaque Toutes les correspondances doivent etre adressies a: The Editor, AJPS African Association of Political Science P.O. Box MP 1100, Mt. Pleasant, Harare. Zimbabwe. ann6c. Les contributions peuvent etre rddigees en anglais ou en fran?ais, ne doivent pas ddpasser 8.000 mots. Lc nom dc I'auteur ainsi que son grade, son affiliation institutionnelle et son adresse doivent figurer sur la page de titre, qui doit etre sdpare'e du texte afin de garantir Panonymat lors de revaluation. Tout diagramme, graphique, elc.accompagnant le manuscrit doit pouvoir etre imprime' de suite pour eViter un retard dans la publication. Toutes les contributions doivent etre soumises sur disquette [5'/i" ou 3.5"] de prdfdrence sur M icrosoft Word ouWP 5.0,5.1,6.0,6.1, accompagne'e de deux copies dactylographies en double interligne. Toute rcTe'rence a des ouvrages ou article, doit etre identified dans le texte par le nom de 1" auteur d'abord.suivide Pan ndede publication ctdelapage.le tout entre parentheses, commececi(Mendy 1994:95). Si I'auteur est ddja mentionnd dai s la phrase ou le passage, seules ladate de publication de I'ouvragc ou de I'article ainsi que la pa >,e seront mentionnees. Dans un passage ou le meme auteur est cite1 plus d'une fois pour des publications datant de la meme annee, les icT6rences devront sc faire successvement de la facon suivante: (Mendy 1994.a: 95; 1994.b: 100-120). Les citations courtes doiveiit etre mises entre guillemets. Par-contre, les citations de plus de trois ligncs ne ndcessitent pas de guillemets: elles doivent etre mises en retrait et sdpardes du paragraphe principal. Les notes de reference doivent etre limitdes au minimum, numerotdes et placdes a la fin du texte (pas de notes en bas de la page). Ces notes seront suivies de la liste des references dans un ordre alphabdtique avec d'abord le nom de I'auteur, suivi de ses initiales, de ladate de publication et du nom dc I'dditeur. Pour des articles de revues, le nom de l'auteur ainsi que ses initiales doivent preedder la date de publication, le titre complet de l'article, le nom de larevue, le volume, le numero et la/les pages. Exemple Eyoh, Dickson. 1996 "From Economic Crisis to Political Liberalisation: Pitfalls of the New Political Sociology for Africa. 'African Studies Review. Vol. 39, No. 3 December. Mkandawire, Thandika 1996 "Stylising Accumulation in African Countries and the Role of the State in Policy-making." in M. Lundahl and B.J. Ndulu, (eds.)New Directions in Development Economics. London/New York: Routledge. Shivji, I. 1976 Class Struggles in Tanzania. Dar es Salaam: Tanzania Publishing House. Les notes de recherche doivent rester breves et doivent soulever une ou plusieurs question/s sur la recherche en cours. Les critiques doivent couvrir un nombre important d'ouvrages dcrits sur un ou plusieurs ddbats. Vcuillez joindre un rdsumd de 250 mots ainsi qu' une Declaration signde indiquant que le manuscrit n'a ni 6l6 public, ni 6ti prdsentd ailleurs afin d'etre publid dans une autre revue. Telephone: (263-4) 739023-5 • Fax: (263-4) 730403 • E-mail: aapsl@samara.co.zw iv AFRICAN JOURNAL OF POLITICAL SCIENCE (Formely African Journal of Political Science) REVUE AFRICAINE DE SCIENCE POLITIQUE NEW SERIES Volume 4 Number 1 June 1999 CONTENTS/SOMMAIRE Articles Kunle Amuwo France And The Economic Integration Project In Francophone Africa 1-20 Emmanuel Kwesi Aning From "eco-pessimism" to "eco-optimism" - ECOMOG And The West African Integration Process 21-39 Cyril I. Obi Globalization and Environmental Conflict in Africa 40-62 T.K. Biaya Societe Parallele, "Mobutucratie" et Nationalisme Post-colonial en Republique Democratique du Congo 63-82 Eghosa E. Osaghae Exiting From The State in Nigeria 83-98 Fred Hendricks and Lungisile Ntsebeza Chiefs and Rural Local Government in Post-Apartheid South Africa 99-126 Denis Amoussou-Yeye La Dimension Ethnique Dans la Dynamique Socio-Politique du Benin Du Renouvcau Democratique 127-145 Book Review The State and Democracy in Africa. Georges Nzongola-Ntalaja and Margaret C. Lee (eds.) Reviewed by Guy Martin 146-150