I { AUSTRALIAN ISSN 1442-2697 TOOL TEST Fairway Mower Evaluation Two - Stroke Engines Jm Beauty or Beast? John 7 's do a GRAND December 2001 - January 2002 \ Nyte Browing turf with Nytro, ATA LOWER COST, WITH LESS WATER, LESS EERt As a Turf Manager, your brief is quite clear; to provide the finest playing conditions, and do it with an ever decreasing budget. The players expect nothing less. Committees can be equally demanding. Impossible task ? Not any more! For the first time, you can achieve both objectives. Turf health and quality is directly related to having an adequate quantity of nutrients, oxygen and water throughout the root system. With Nytrox, every time you irrigate, outstanding levels of these elements are dissolved into the water and delivered deep into the optimum root zone. TURN THIS GRASS NYTROX Generator YOUR SAVINGS - Water-Fertiliser-Chemic THE RESULTS - You'll make everyone happy... the committee, the accoun. ir... Nature's Way ¡USER AND LESS EFFORT. Naturally occurring microbes, which provide the nutrient foundation for plant growth, need oxygen and water to survive and proliferate. Nytrox provides these essential elements, and creates an environment that promotes a diverse and healthy microbial community. At the same time, anaerobic conditions are eliminated. THE BENEFITS: . Develop deeper, more extensive root systems. . Promote thicker, lusher turf in all seasons. . Faster turf damage recovery 
. Improved water quality. . Leaches salts from soils. . Increase microbial health and activity. . Prevent scaling in irrigation systems. INTO THIS TURF ;als »Labour »Aeration tant and most of all, your members. NYTROX DELIVERS Ozmotech's focus is on the development of technologies which enhance the short and long-term quality of waters and soils without the use of man-made chemicals that can have such a negative residual impact. We service clubs and and organisations which have 
a need for superior, healthy, high growth turfs and a requirement to pay maximum attention to the capital and operating costs of the systems they use. The Nytrox Triple Effect Cold Plasma System provides a unique method of producing ozone for the purpose of treating irrigation waters. The Nytrox generator has the same advantages as high output Corona Discharge generators but without the disadvantage that the input air be dried to -60° dew point. Nytrox effectively uses ambient air in the production of high concentration ozone. By utilising ambient air, Nytrox, in addition to ozone, produces significant amounts of hydrogen peroxide, a powerful biocide that has a long-term residual value, and as with ozone, there are no toxic residuals. Quite simply, Nytrox delivers superior turf at reduced cost. -HERE'S WHAT THE EXPERTS SAY "One thing is for sure, you had better be prepared to cut back on the amount of water you use" Jim Rasmussen Superintendent Blue Lakes Country Club, U.S.A. 8 year Nytrox user. "I have seen increased root growth and density in our clay soils. This results in less fertilisation and water requirements, and lays the foundation for a healthy self sustaining soil." Patrick O'Fee Superintendent Eagle Ridge Golf Club. U.S.A. Ozmotech Pty Ltd 333 Frankston-Dandenong Road Dandenong, Vic., 3175 Tel (03) 8792 5090 Fax: (03) 8792 5099 email: info@ozmotech.com.au www. ozmotech. com. au -I ì with Jacklin® Seed and BEST® Fertilizer Distributors: Turf care NSW Sydney. New South Wales Unit 8, 24 Clyde Street, Rydalmere, New South Wales 2116 Ph (02) 9684 6611 Fx (02) 9684 6633 Turfcare Supplies(a division of Simplot Turf & Hoticulture Group) Melbourne. Victoria 20 Dehavilland Road, Braeside, Victoria 3195 Ph (03) 9587 4993 Fx (03) 9580 9944 Northern Hirers /luraI Buying Turf Dirision 1 A Gateway Drive Labrador, Queensland 4215 Ph (07) 5537 7323 Fx (07) 5537 6814 T-Link Unit 3 No.l Paringa Avenue Somerton, South Australia 5044 Ph (08) 8376 1644 Fx (08) 8376 1644 Symonds Seeds 5 Sutton Street Osborne Park, Western Australia 6017 Ph (08) 9443 7100 Fx (08) 9443 7101 Total Turf Berth. Western Australia 2 Jessel Place, Duncraig, Western Australia 6023 Ph (08) 9448 5263 Fx (08) 9448 5263 The Final Word in TAGKLIN u S E E D Turfgrass Seed and Nutrition MI (BEST) Sanctuary Cove Residential Resort, Brisbane For more information regarding products, technical support and distribution, please contact our corporate offices: 5300 WEST RIVERBEND AVENUE Ł POST FALLS, ID, U.S.A. 83854-9499 Ł PHONE: 208-773-7581 Ł FAX: 208-773-4846 www.jacklin.com or www.bestfertilizer.com MANAGEMENT Australian Turfgrass Management Published by: Australian Golf Course Superintendents Association ACN 053 205 888 Level 1,19 Railway Parade North Glen Waverley, 3150 Ph: (03)9886-6200 Fax: (03)9886-6400 Email: philgeorge@agcsa.com.au Website: www.agcsa.com.au There's only one reason to design innovatively and manufacture with a focus on quality before cost. It works! President: Directors: Mr. Mark Couchman Mr. Jeff Gambin Mr. David Warwick Mr. Rob Macdonald Chief Executive Officer: Euan Laird Editorial/Advertising: Phil George philgeorge@agcsa.com.au Administration Manager: Fiona McPadden Design & Production: Publicity Press Art Direction & Design: Andy Cumming Design Studio: Kristie Stewart Tiffany Loftus-Hills Kerrie Still Accounts/Subscriptions: AGCSA Level 1, 19 Railway Parade North Glen Waverley, 3150 (03) 9886-6200 (03) 9886-6400 Enviromist - Australia World's best practice CDA technology. Capable of dramati-cally reducing chemical and water application rates, improving weed control and environmental safety even when spraying in windy conditions. Light-weight tractor mount or 4-wheel bike tow behind. Manufactured in 
Australia. Exported world-wide. ProT\irf - USA The thickest, biggest, softest, strongest golf mat on the market and the choice of many of the world's best golf facilities including 70% of America's top 100 golf ranges. The octagonal design provides years of wear - even wearing spikes. Mats can be centrally security dynabolted making them ideal for practice bays. Netting - Australia Made to Country Club International's demanding specifica-tions to suit Australian conditions. Impact netting for 
practice bays is 4mm 512 denier flat weave - the thickest 
you can get. Safety barrier netting is custom made to any 
size up to 50 metres high! All netting carries a 10-year UV 
Warranty. Triangle Hitch - Norway This is the world ISO Standard for 3-point tractor inter-locking systems. It makes changing any implements made for 3-point linkage systems a simple and safe 1-person operation in as little as 30 seconds. Hydraulic top link systems and weld or bolt on receivers available for almost any application. Flexitec - Australia The ultimate paving system for golf course and other club applications. Manufactured in 1-metre square sections under extreme compression to produce a dense, attractive hard-wearing rubber compound paving in a range of colors. Can be laid loose internally for spike bars, pro shops and 
changerooms or adhered on external pathways. COUNTRY CLUB INTERNATIONAL "Supplying the best. Nothing less. VICTORIA: Head Office. 466 Warrigal Road, MOORABBIN, 3189 Phone: (03) 9570 2202. Greg Walker - Mobile 0417 317 194 NEW SOUTH WALES: Phone: (02) 9681 6926. Phil Costa - Mobile 0412 691 269 QUEENSLAND: Phone: (07) 5528 9600 Ken Robinson - Mobile 0417 511 580 SOUTH AUSTRALIA: Phone: (08) 8322 1883. John Cox - Mobile 0417 979 339 » Copyright © 1999 AGCSA believes that material sourced and produced for Australian Turfgrass Management is accurate, but give no warranty in relation thereto, and disclaim liability for all claims against the AGCSA, Publicity Press, their subsidiary 
companies, their employees, agents or any other person which may arise from any person acting on the materials contained within. No portion, in 
whole or part, may be reproduced without the written permission of the publishers. ontents AL Roller from mower. Image supplied by John Deere Course Quantity Officials at the Holden Australian Open Photo courtesy: Allsport special features TOOL TEST - Fairway Mowers 8 For this edition of TOOL TEST we travel to the expanses of the Indooroopilly Golf Club in Brisbane for a thorough inspection of the John Deere 3235-B Lightweight and the 4wd Toro Reelmaster 6500 -D Fairway Mowers. Making an Old Dog, Mans Best Friend Regular machinery writer Scott Nesbitt discusses how two-stroke engines can be tamed and taught to become mans best friend. 30 Summer Bentgrass Cultivation: Risk or Reward? 34 Bentgrass cultivation has traditionally been performed during spring and fall months for optimum recovery and limited turf injury. Summer cultivation is often avoided for fear of excessive physical turf injury and desiccation on bentgrass. However, the importance of maintaining a quality soil atmosphere with adequate soil 02 and prevention of other problems such as localized dry spots and hydrophobic soils have stimulated usage of summer cultivation on highly trafficked turf. Grease Monkey II ( in every edition ) Presidents Pen TECH TALK - Grease - You're the one that I want 14 Industrial Chemist, Roland Parker defines the many specifications and performance requirements of different greases to help you find what you need. REVIEW - Equipment Financing - What Are Your Options? 18 In an effort to maximize productivity and efficiency, the area of asset acquisition and the on-going cost of ownership is an 
area requiring increasing attention. AGCSATech Update NEWS NEW PRODUCTS AGCSA Bookshop STATE REPORTS ADVERTISERS INDEX 28 42 48 50 
52 IBC In this, the second 'Grease Monkey' edition of Australian Turfgrass Management (ATM), fairway mowers are put through their paces by an expert team of evaluators at the Indooroopilly Golf Club. The TOOL TEST series is drawing favorable reviews from our readers and if you are looking at purchasing a fairway mower any time soon, it is worthwhile reading what your peers have said. With interest rates at all time lows and only glimpses of the bottom in site, there has never been a better time to consider the range of equipment financing products that are on offer to help you run your equipment more efficiently. The benefits can be numerous and this month in REVIEW we take a look at your options. Also, regular machinery writer, Scott Nesbitt explains how 'treating it right' can make a huge difference to the operation and long-term performance of your machines running on two-stroke engines and in TECH TALK, Industrial 
Chemist, Rolland Parker defines the many 
specifications and performance requirements of different greases to make it easier for you to 'get what you need'. In RESEARCH, Todd Bunnell from the Clemson University investigates the risks and benefits associated with undertaking various methods of renovation on bentgrass putting greens in summer and in NEWS, we catch up with the John Deere 
Course Quality Officials that helped the Holden Australian Open run so smoothly at The Grand. With this being the last edition of ATM for 2001, I would like to take this opportunity to thank everyone who has been associated with the magazine and in particular special thanks must go to our many trade supporters and writers who have helped us achieve and maintain such a high standard. It has been great fun and I look forward to doing it all again next year. The February 2002 edition will kick-off with a 'forum section' so if you have a comment or view on the industry that you would like express, take some time over Christmas to put pen to paper 
and send it in. All the best for Christmas and the New Year Regards RACING SOLUTIONS i 1WL*-! Ul WARREN WILUAMS DOOMBEN RACING CLUB w.* y >HN DEER Phil George for quality secondhand equipment visit... TORO toro.com.au Pred ¿dent d Pen This year has certainly flown by and the festive season is upon us once again. I suppose that for the most of us this time of year can be quite onerous and stressful by virtue of the fact that mother nature has a way of keeping us on our toes when all around us are full of the festive spirit. I certainly hope that the "Big Red Fellow" is kind and thoughtful for all and sundry. November has been a busy month for the AGCSA with a Board meeting, incorporating a State President's meeting being held in 
Melbourne over the extended weekend of the 15th to 17th of November. Many issues were raised and fruitful discussion has resulted in some further moves toward Association's 
agreeing in principal to take a united front on 
some of the issues that currently face us. Some of the issues are; member management and retention, educational events, collation of both state and national historical records and 
promotion of the profession. On Wednesday the 20th of November, the AGCSA were invited to present a paper to the national conference of Golf Club Managers held in Melbourne. Coupled with this was the opportunity for the AGCSA to meet informally with the national executive of the 
Golf Club Managers Association. This can only be viewed on the positive light in which it was intended. At the time of writing, one issue that seems to have raised some concerns for people Mark Couchman, AGCSA President throughout the golf industry is the use of unregistered or agricultural generic type chemicals. I mention this for two reasons and 
they are as follows: 1. People who see the need to use such products can be placing themselves in a vulnerable position in relation to the manner and/or rate in which they are being 
applied/used and of course in some states of Australia this can have quite dramatic legal ramifications. 2.The use of agricultural products or even the purchase of product through agricultural distributors is in actual fact robbing the turf industry of sales. By this I mean that, even if they are turf products they are recognised as sales in an agricultural market. This deprives the turf industry of recognition and the companies that provide new products are ultimately deprived of resources to develop 
new product as sector sales show that the agricultural market is growing and that the 
turf market shrinking. Therefore, companies 
see more merit in developing new product for 
the agricultural market. Next time you are about to purchase product think about the industry that we work in and the one that needs all our support. Once again a very Joyous Christmas and a Happy and Prosperous New Year to all our readers, supporters and your families Good Reading. Mark K. Couchman a MAKES THE BEST FAIRWAYS BETTER Get your fairways up to scratch PRIMO* is a registered trademark of a Syngenta Group Company syngenta 97 of Australia's top 100 golf courses are managed by members of the Australian Golf Course Superintendents Association (AGCSA) is YOURS? The AGCSA can assist your club in finding the right person to manage your clubs most valuable asset - the golf course. To receive your free copy of the Golf Course Superintendent Employment Guide call us on (03) 9886 6200 or see our web site at www.agcsa.com.au The AGCSA supports its members by: Ł Maintaining a strong code of ethics. Ł Providing regular continuing education. Ł Maintaining an accreditation and awards program to recognise and encourage industry leaders. Ł Provision of soil, water, disease, nematode analysis and advisory services. 
Ł Undertaking turf grass research and product trials. 
Ł Development of Environmental Management Plans (EMP's) O AGCSA Providing grass roots support to the golf course industry Australian Golf Course Superintendents Association Level 1, 19 Railway Parade North Glen Waverley Vic 3150 Website: www.agcsa.com.au info@agcsa.com.au Phone: 03 9886 6200 Fax: 03 9886 6400 TOOL TEST: Fairway Mowers Indooroopilly Golf Course For this edition of TOOL TEST we travel to the expanses of the Indooroopilly Golf Club in Brisbane for a thorough inspection of the John Deere 3235-B Lightweight and the 4wd Toro Reelmaster 6500-D Fairway Mowers. Both machines compete in a relatively similar market segment but they do have different specifications. The John Deere 3235-B could be described as a 'light-weight' fairway mower whereas the Toro 6500-D is a 'mid / heavy-
weight' machine that is 4 wheel drive and has 
greater horsepower (refer to table 3). Textron Turf care were invited to take part in the evaluation but they declined. EVALUATION PROCEDURE Each of the two fairway mowers were evaluated and assessed on their performance in two different categories; 1.Serviceability 2.0perator use and Performance A group of four Turf Technicians were selected from within the golf turf industry and as a 
group, they were asked to carry out and comment on a range of different service requirements on each of the machines. These areas included: Access to drains and 
filters, greasing, cutting head removal, backlapping and cutting height adjustment. 
Each technician was required to conduct a thorough inspection of each machine, give the machines a score out of ten in each category then provide some comment to justify that score. The Turf Technicians were: Ł Lindsay Blanch (President, Qld Turf Technicians Association) - Technician, Hyatt Regency Coolum. Ł Gary Butcher - Technician, Lakelands Golf Club. Ł Steve Blyth - Technician, Indooroopilly Golf Club. Ł Danny Dwyer - Technician, Indooroopilly Golf Club. Four experienced Machine Operators were asked to assess each fairway mower from the perspective of ergonomics and how 'user friendly' the machine was when cutting and transporting between fairways. As was the case with the Turf Technicians, the Machine Operators were asked to score the machines for comfort, access to controls, visibility, cutting greens and 
transport. The Machine Operators were: Ł Jeff Gambin (AGCSA Board Member) - Golf Course Superintendent, Gold Coast Burleigh 
Golf Club. Ł Pat Pauli - Golf Course Superintendent, Horton Park Golf Club. Ł Brett Morris - Golf Course Superintendent, The Brisbane Golf Club. Ł Bob Cray (President, Gold Coast Ground Staff) - Trinity Luthern College. Table 1: Average Scores for Serviceability Access to Drains Creasing Cutting Head Backlapping Cutting Height and Filters Removal Adjustment JOHN DEERE |Q| 3235-B Lightweight Fairway AAower 6.25 8.25 7.0 8.75 8.0 TORO Reelmaster 6500-D 4wd Fairway AAower 5.50 8.0 8.5 8.75 7.50 SERVICEABILITY Toro Reelmaster 6500-D 4wd Fairway AAower All Technicians cited difficulties in accessing the oil filter and the hydraulic filter and consequently, the Toro 6500-D scored poorly for 'Access to Drains & Filters'. However, the 
fuel and air filters were easy to get to and the 
Technicians did suggest that access would be improved by turning the sump around. The 6500-D scored an 8 out of 10 for 'Greasing". All points were accessible but the ones on the 'rams' could be missed. The Technicians gave excellent marks for 'Cutting Head Removal'. The comments and high average mark indicates that they were all very happy with the system but special comment was made on the use of a bolt attaching the cutting heads to the arm in preference to a pin and the 'quick release motor' is a great idea. 
Gary Butcher suggested that the motor would be better located on the inside of the front cutting heads to reduce the possibility of 
operators damaging them. The others tended to agree and all shared their "how on earth did 
they (operators) break that?" stories. Easy and straight-forward is all the Technicians had to say about 'Backlapping' and a score of TORNADO TM360 DEBRIS BLOWER Moves debris quickly; quietly and efficiently Ł Low noise levels Ł Air flow in excess of 245kph Ł Blast intensifier standard # Heavy duty anti scalp roller Ł Suitable for tractors 25HP+ Ł Clean 18 fairways in around 4 hours The New TM360 Tornado Debris Blower will suit any turf manager who needs to move debris quickly quietly and efficiently. The Tornado TM360 moves air in excess of 245kph, and with standard blast intensifies enables you to divert air flow to where you require it, removing 
the most stubborn material from fairways, tees, 
roughs, cart paths, car parks and general turf areas. Most importantly the Tornado TM360 is the quietest debris blower on the market, enabling its use without complaint in the most built up of residential areas. TAO 60 Debris Blower ""XZt&X*" Free call 1800 640 305 ASPAC Golf and Turf PO Box 23 Hallam VIC 3803 Ph 03 9796 4254 Fax 03 9708 6702 8.75 demonstrates fairly clearly their level of satisfaction. Opinions were a little more mixed when it came to 'Cutting Height Adjustment'. Some had no problems with it at all but others were less impressed and felt that not having the ability to flip the cylinder without taking it off 
would cause problems if you didn't have a hoist. The general comments again revealed their dissatisfaction with the placement of some of the filters but overall they were full of praise for 
this machine. One comment worth mentioning 
was that the "areas where debris can 
accumulate has been greatly reduced from previous models" John Deere 3235-B Lightweight Fairway Mower Although the John Deere scored slightly higher 
than the Toro for 'Access to Drains & Filters', 
the Technicians had similar concerns with access 
to some of the filters (fuel filter in particular), and were concerned that the oil filter would drain onto the cutting reel lift arm. The Technicians would also prefer that the hydraulic drain plug be internally threaded. The evaluators had no problems at all with any of the greasing points and the machined scored 
well as a result. However, 'Cutting Head Removal' caused a few more problems. In fact, taking the heads off was no problem at all but getting them back on 
again was hard for one person and could be made much easier by simplifying the attachment mechanism of the cutting unit to the carry frame. The John Deere 3235-B scored excellent marks (8.75) for 'Backlapping', and one Technician said, "this is still a good, solid and straight forward system". This machine also scored well in the 'Cutting Height Adjustment' category and it appeared as though the ability to 'flip' the cylinders was the big winner. Overall, the Technicians felt that the John Deere 3235-B was easy to maintain and operate but 
did suggest that the hydraulic hoses would be hard to get to without ramps and a hoist and felt that these hoses needed to be better protected. On the front cylinders, this could be achieved by housing the motors on the inside 
of the head. OPERATOR USE AND PERFORMANCE Toro Reelmaster 6500-D 4wd Fairway Mower The Toro 6500-D scored an average mark of 7.75 for 'Comfort'. The Machine Operators 
were impressed with the high back on the seat that offered great back support and the good range of seat adjustment. The pedals and joystick controls were easy to operate and the canopy was considered as "essential" in 
Queensland especially. One operator found that the 'control light' was obstructed from view and 
suggested that it be located onto the steering wheel. All operators were happy with the 
configuration of the controls and as a result, 
this machine received exceptional marks for 'Access to Controls'. The small toggle switch Table 2: Average Scores for Operator Use and Performance Comfort Access to Visibility Cutting Transporting Controls Fairways JOHN DEERE 3235-B Lightweight 7.75 8.0 8.5 8.5 8.5 TORO Reelmaster 6500-D 7.75 8.75 8.0 8.5 8.5 used to raise cutting units and the hand brake control drew special praise and the fact that the bonnet needs to be opened with the ignition key was identified as an excellent safety feature. The 'quick release' mechanism on the hydraulic motors didn't escape the attention of the Machinery Operators who also thought that the drink holder was a great idea but felt that the 'storage box' could be a little bit bigger. Visibility from the seat of the Toro 6500-D was not as good as it was on the John Deere 3235-B. The evaluators thought that the speedometer was good to help maintain a constant cutting speed but the steering wheel would need to be made of glass if you wanted to see it! Also, the Machine Operators all made mention of the fact that the center front cutting head was completely obscured from view but one put this in context with what he felt was a "nice solid, strong chasis construction". The jury is still out on the issue of which machine delivered the best quality of cut but marks of 8.5 out of 10 for both the John Deere and Toro indicates that any difference is minor. Although one Operator found that the rear 
flaps on the cutting heads kept falling down, 
all were very impressed with the cutting speed 
of the Toro which, would put its productivity 
somewhere near the top of the class. Table 3: Vital Statistics TORO Reelmaster 6500-D 4wd Fairway Mower JOHN DEERE 3235-B Leightweight Fairway Mower Engine Kubota 4 cylinder, turbo diesel. 42.5hp net O 3000rpm. Liquid cooled John Deere series 220, diesel.liquid cooled. 32 @ 2800rpm Traction System Servo-controlled hydrostatic system driving double planetary gear reduction front wheel drives Rear axle coupled to hydrostatic transmission via overrunning clutch for full time 4wd Servo-controlled hydrostatic pump with wheel motors Ground Speed 0-16.1 km/hr Forward/0-6 4 km/hr Reverse 0-17.6km/hr Forward 0-6.4 km/hr Reverse Cutting Unit Drive System Reel motors with quick disconnect. Cutting units can be driven from either end. Tandem-gear pump Direct-coupled hydraulic gear motor Steering System Power Steering Power Steering Brakes Inividual, totally enclosed, multi-disc, wet brakes and parking brakes on front traction wheels. Hydrostatic braking through traction drive Disk Brakes, 2 callipers Tyres Front Drive Tyres: 29x14-15 
Rear Steenng Tyres: 20x10-10 Front Drive Tyres: 26 5x14 12 
Rear Steenng Tyres: 20x10-8 Weight 1497 kg 4wd 1451kg 2wd 1355 kg ^wet with cutting units J Cutting Unit 11-Blade /5.8&10 blade ESP & 7 biade 22m cutting \ 10-Blade \ unit opbom available ) Dimensions Width of Cut: 2 44m Transport Width: 2 13m Operational Width 2 79m Height (without ROPS) 1.34m Width of Cut: 2.54m Transport Width 2.20m Operational Width 2 79m Height (without ROPS): 1.38m Warranty 2 year or 1500 operational hours 2 year (power train) In 'Transport' the Operators found the machine to have plenty of power and speed and although it braked well, all found it to be a little bouncy and felt it to be slightly 'front heavy'. General comments indicated that although not standard, the rear roller scrapers and canopy (standard in Old only) were a 'must'. All evaluators commented on the solid construction of the Toro and felt that its extra power made it a very versatile machine. John Deere 3235-B Lightweight Fairway Mower Although the John Deere 3235-B scored a 7.75 out of 10 for comfort, comments made by the 
operators suggest that it should have scored higher. Although a higher back would have made it even better, one operator described the seat as 'state of the art' and all were happy with the range of adjustment offered. The John Deere also polled well when it came to 'Access to Controls'. The operators appreciated the similarities and consistency with other John Deere machinery they had operated and although the foot pedal was a little small, they liked the fact that they could make most of their 
routine checks from the one position. Operators were comfortable with the 'Backlapping' 
controls and liked the 'reel to bedknife' system 
of adjusting the cutting quality. This machine scored outstanding marks for 'Visibility'. Operators described the vision as 
'excellent' and were able to see all three front The driving force in turf rrigation I U Specialising in RAINHBIRD* irrigation equipment Ł Also seedchemicals and fertilisers Call yoùrwcat T&I representative on Professional Product i ¡3 I ijEV > Ttrl Pumps and Irrigai uy in Northern Queensland ÜH M mHw dima www.t-i.com.au Email: info@t i.com.au Table 4: Comparison of Prices (include GST) TORO Reelmaster 6500-D 4wd Fairway Mower JOHN DEERE 3235-B Lightweight Fairway Mower Machine as tested with features fitted as 'standard' 11-Wade cutting units, Wiehle Rollers. Rear roller scrapers, ROPS Ł seat belt, Canopy 10-Nade ESP cutting units, Spiral grooved front rollers, 2 post ROPS + seat belt List Price $81,105 00 $69,866 00 Optional Extras Ł2wd - subtract $4.955 00 ŁDethatching reels (set of 5)-$17,930 
ŁBasket Kit (set of 5)-$3,500 4wd-ad $5,002 4 post ROPS conversion kit & canopy - $1413 Light Kit - $517 Arm rest kit - $445 Bar Gauge $102 Tournament Knife - $151 Hydraulic diagnostic kit - $464 Grass catchers & mountings - $1507 Fairway tender conditioners with rear roller 
power bush - $2.787 each (5 required) Bumper kit - $79 Smooth rear roller scrapers - $282 (for set of 5) Estimated cost of parts for 1000 hours of operation $646 00 $1,452 cutting heads and although the engine canopy was described as being slightly 'bulky', part of both rear cutting units were still in view. One operator said he felt as though there was nothing in front of you and anticipated advantages when it came to following contours 
and patterns. The small foot deck was great but 
one evaluator felt that it had a bit too much 'flex' (i.e. could be stronger). Like the Toro, the John Deere 6500-D scored excellent marks for 'Cutting Fairways' and 'Transport'. It drew favorable comments from all operators in relation to its ability to cross cut stripes and patterns (due perhaps to the spiral front roller), and to cut at a range of speeds (including high). Terms such as "fast", "stable" and "smooth" were used to describe its handling but the fact that it doesn't fold up any where near as tightly as the Toro could have implications for some facilities. In general comments, the operators consistently made reference to the 'White Box' enabling the quick and easy detection of problems which for smaller operations in particular would be a great time saver. They also made mention of the good definition to the cutting and the lockdown 
speed control. Although the screen is located behind the seat, which makes cleaning more of a chore, one operator made the observation that 
servicing looked relatively simple and appreciated 
the ability to 'flip' the reels for easy height 
adjustment. However, the foot and hand brake 
were identified as 'clumsy' and one operator was just about driven mad by a 'rattle' that we think was coming from the flaps on the cutting heads, A Acknowledgements Special thanks must go to the Indooroopilly Golf Club for making their facility available to Australian Turfgrass Management Magazine as a venue for this evaluation. In particular, thanks to Peter Sawyer (GCS) and Bronwyn Cocks for their assistance and patience on the day. Also, thank you very much to John Deere and the Toro Company for their interest and participation. Finally, many thanks to our panel of evaluators who donated their time and effort. UTILISING ONE OF THE FOLLOWING LEASING PRODUCTS: Suite 5, 242 Hawthorn Road Caulfied Ph: 03 9524 3157 Fax: 03 9524 3111 www.wheelease.com.au email: info@wheelease.com.au Golf Cars and Utility Vehicles, Turf Maintenance Equipment, Motor Vehicles Ł Operating lease/rental - fixed monthly payments with no residual risk for the lessee Ł Seasonal lease - our unique lease concept where monthly payments are structured tomatch cash flows with no residual risk for the lessee Ł Finance lease - fixed monthly payments with the lessee guaranteeing the future (residual) value of the equipment YOU NEED IT, WHEELEASE IT! mheelecise Aventis Environmental Science Aventis Summer decline. It's an inescapable threat to fine turf. So make Chipco Aliette Signature your essential partner for hot weather turf management. Only Signature provides immediate protection against turf disease to strengthen turf's natural defences. The result being stronger turf that builds up carbohydrates which lowers respiration during periods of stress. With Signature in your fungicide tank mix, your fine turf won't just survive - it will thrive. Alette Environmental Science Division, Aventis CropScience Pty Ltd ACN 000226022 391-393 Tooronga Road, Hawthorn East, Vic 3123, Australia Phone: 03 9248 6888 Fax: 03 9248 6800 Internet: www.cs.aventis.com.au "Chipco and Aliette are registered trademarks of Aventis AES333M6/The Hopkins Part. TECH UZA Grease -You're the one that I want Equipment manufacturers often make recommendations for a grease and use such terminology such as lithium complex soap, dropping point 230 C minimum, NLGI No. 2 consistency, etc. flp What do these grease terms mean? Whilst there are many specifications and performance requirements . expected on greases, we will V?" I just cover the basic but kimportant ones. I Łr Ł * r #1 T¡@»>S By definition, grease is a fine dispersion of an oil-insoluble thickening agent (usually a soap) in a fluid lubricant (generally a mineral oil). Additives are used in greases to improve a property already present in the lubricant or give it properties not naturally possessed. Each grease thickener has its own characteristics and benefits. There is no right or wrong thickener and its choice is usually based on the grease application. The most common greases manufactured now are thickened with lithium simple and lithium complex soaps. Whilst thickening agents impart many properties to a grease, the main one is dropping point (fig.1). The dropping point of a grease, is that temperature at which the grease passes from a semi-solid to a liquid state. The dropping point is a qualitative indication of the heat resistance of grease on applications where a semi-solid lubricant is required. Please note that the dropping point is not the recommended operating temperature which is 
usually much lower. For example, a lithium simple soap thickened grease may have a 
dropping point of 195°C but its recommended maximum service temperature is 160°C. The NLGI Grade of a grease is a measure of its consistency on a scale (fig. 2) from 0 to 6. Penetration is a measure of consistency of a grease to determine its plasticity. Penetration, with respect to a lubricity grease is the depth (in tenths of a millimetre) that a standard cone penetrates a sample of the grease under 
prescribed conditions of weight, time, and temperature. A NLGI No. 2 grease is normally recommended for vehicle wheel bearings and a stiffer NLGI No. 3 grease would be more suitable for chassis applications. For low speed 
applications, a softer NLGI No. 1 grease may be recommended. Another important characteristic of a grease is base oil viscosity. When pressure is applied to a grease, oil is released to lubricate and give the 
desired performance. For very high speeds, a low viscosity oil is required in the grease with a high oil release. For low speeds, a high viscosity oil is needed because it will support high loads, CRICKET PI1 www.mentay.com.a FREECALL: 1800 037 07 rrr mEFiLjiu EQUIPMEN TOW A TARP ROLLERS SIGHT SCREENS AQUA WIZZ ROLAND PARKER Liquids low oil release characteristics. For example, electric motor bearings would use a grease with a base oil viscosity of 100 cSt @ 40°C (ie ISO VG 100 viscosity grade). Large paper mill bearings would use a grease with a base oil viscosity of 460 cSt @ 40°C (ie ISO VG 460 
viscosity grade). Grease additive technology is a sophisticated science that the type of additives used can influence the structure of the grease (ie consistency, oil separation, dropping point, etc). Additive types and amounts will vary 
according to the application to which the 
grease will be subjected. Some of the more common types of additives are anti-wear, extreme pressure, corrosion inhibitors, anti-oxidants, tackifiers, and dyes. Fig: 1 Dropping Point The effectiveness of additives in greases is confirmed by the laboratory tests outlined in the physical characteristics of the grease. For 
example, extreme-pressure (EP) properties 
can be measured by the Timken Tester (fig. 
3), or the Four Ball EP Tester which can also measure anti-wear properties. Other 
important laboratory tests that are conducted on greases are Oil Separation, Wheel Bearing Leakage (fig.4), Rust Prevention Rating, Copper Strip Corrosion, Roll Stability, Water Washout Tendency and Oxidation Stability, A Roland Parker (B.Sc (Pure and Applied Chemistry) Technical Manager, Wynn's Australia Pty Ltd Fig: 2 NLGI Grade GAUGI GIVCS DfPTM OF PfNITRATION standard con, penetrates J WHY TNI TIST' TYPICAL Pf NITRATION RI SU l TS MUM 110-MO Ms-m 220 250 175-205 110 160 Ł5-115 Fig: 3 The Timkin Tester Fig: 4 Wheel Bearing Leakage WHY TMt TIST? maximum load the lubricant w» any The «mi » run lor leti mmutet at luccetuvdy higher toads unW maximum OK and fatture 
loadi are detemvned The OK toad rs the 
mi.imum .verghi that can be apphed -Ä3 5 "Y ì 1 M Y AMOUNT TIMPf RATURI OP 2M « 5*1 PRODUCIS SPINOLI TIMPIPATUPI O» 220 a 2-5*1 IIAKAGI COUICTION are weighed lo the nearest 0 1 pam before and afte, the leit. reporting the multi m \ km The apparatus n driven by aV bett at 660 < 50 rpm. 
m an ambient temperature of 235 F lor 6 hours DISIRID RISUITS? PATON FERTILIZERS Triazone based controlled release nitrogen (CRN) Liquids Ł Foliar or soil application Ł Highest analysis in liquid potassium products Ł Safe Ł Stable Ł Effective Ł Economic Ł Environmentally sound FOR A PRODUCT LIST AND DISTRIBUTOR DETAILS PLEASE CONTACT US ON FREECALL: 1800 644 753 Available from your Pa ton Turf Distributor WHEN YOU'RE RESPONSIBLE FOR THE MOST IMPORTANT ASSET ON THE COURSE, You NEED A PARTNER YOU CAN COUNT ON. » j>%t % ^Xf-..—! m zM For every job on your course, & there's a John Deere made especially for it. A full-line of ---WLV / IL N'V k : ; ; : ŁŁ : : 7777-quality equipment, born out of the suggestions and critiques of thousands of superintendents and technicians. From quality mowers and tractors to aerators and utility vehicles. But it doesn't end there. We supply you with the industry's best operator manuals and tech literature and we offer the JDCŽ Masterlease*, the most cost-effective way to acquire golf and turf equipment. To see how John Deere can make a difference on your course, call your local SRS^sWt*' * 1 John Deere Golf & Turf dealer, orfreecall 1800 800 981. Bfkf* : rf \ MM OHNDEERE.COM Š \ ŁiL NOTHING RUNS LIKE A DEERE* CP-GOLF&TURF-AUSTRALIAN TURFGRASS MAN AG E M E NT-4-01 ABN 21 008 671 725. * JDC Masterlease and John Deere Team Championship not yet available in New Zealand. JOHN DEERE One of the most important aspects of managing a business in today's commercial environment is giving sufficient focus to the underlying cost structure of the organisation. This focus should not only be on the minimisation of costs, but wherever possible, should also look to increase productivity and convert the business's variable costs into long term fixed costs. The area of asset acquisition and the on-going cost of ownership is an area where some sections of the golf and turf industries have not kept abreast of developments in the wider business community. Whether your club is private or public, city or country, the pressures on capital are the same -there never seems to be enough! The fall in the Australian dollar over the past couple of years has resulted in the purchase price of everything from golf cars to turf maintenance equipment increasing in price by 20%, or more. This 
increase in equipment purchase prices, has led 
many clubs to review their equipment 
replacement policy and decide to "make do" with their existing equipment for another year 
or two. This in turn means that equipment performance and course presentation will suffer, breakdowns may well become a way of life and 
maintenance and associated ownership costs will escalate. All this at a time when golf is enjoying unparalleled popularity and competition amongst clubs for players is at an all time high. Leasing offers a solution for: Ł The unavailability of capital for replacement equipment; Ł Improvements in productivity; and, Ł Moving the variable cost of equipment ownership to a known fixed operating cost. As leasing finances 100 per cent of the value of the equipment, there is no equity or initial capital requirement by the lessee. This enables lessees to utilise their capital resources to improve course or club house infrastructure or undertake other necessary capital-intensive projects. Leasing, especially if the lease structure includes the maintenance of the equipment for the term of the lease, not only allows you to take full 
advantage of technological advances in equipment at predetermined intervals but also provides a known fixed cost of equipment "ownership" for the term of the lease. Leases are normally written on a fixed interest rate basis (of particular relevance at the moment when interest rates are the lowest they've been for 20 years), with monthly payments predetermined and fixed for the term of the lease. This facilitates accurate budgeting and cash flow planning. Fixed lease payments 
also provide a hedge against inflation as the 
asset's cost and monthly repayments are fixed at today's prices. Sources of Leasing Finance The finance arms of the major trading banks are the main players, however, their product offering is usually confined to the low risk 
finance lease product that doesn't necessarily What Are Your Options? suit everybody's needs, especially as they don't offer a fully maintained option. There are a number of specialist financiers and brokers also operating in the market who in general are able to offer the full range of products. In order to offer leasing alternatives to purchasers of their equipment, recently we have also seen a number of the equipment manufacturers establish, either in their own right or in association with third party financiers, in-house branded leasing operations. Most industry specific financiers (the specialist financiers and the equipment suppliers in-house leasing operations) offer leases in 
unmaintained, partially maintained or fully maintained structures. Services most often offered as part of the maintained variants are maintenance and comprehensive (fire and theft only) insurance. BY ROB GOULD Leasing options available There are basically two types of leases available: (a) Finance Lease -all financiers. generally available from Under a Finance lease the risks and benefits of the lease remain with the lessee. The lessee sets the residual/future value (i.e. the estimated value of the equipment at the end of the lease term) and guarantees 
this value to the financier. There are a number of options available to the lessee when the lease expires: Ł Depending on the condition of the equipment it can be re-leased, normally at a reduced lease rate. Ł Purchase the equipment at the residual value (plus GST) and continue to operate it. Sometimes you just hove to get tough. And when you do, get on E-Z-GO. With stondord feotures like on 11 hp 350cc engine, o 544kg. poylood copocity ond on exclusive heovy-duty bed liner, it hos everything you need to hondle the big jobs. It corries sond, grovel, boles of strow, building moteriols, ond oil your tools ond equipment. Optionol extros include on oversized corgo bed ond power dump. So, when the going gets tough, get to your E-Z-GO deoler. THE FINEST UTILITY VEHICLE IN THE WORLD.Ž David Golf & Engineering (G3) 95682255 Victoria (02) 95651588 N.S.W. Ł National Golf & Industrial Vehicles (07) 33446777 Brisbane Trac power (07) 47726455 North Queensland Ł Mcintosh & Sons (08) 94782400 Western Australia Ł Rapid Drive Golf Carts (08) 85527377 South Australia Tasmania Farm Equipment (03) 63402811 Tasmania Ł Head Office (07) 55293022 Gold Coast © 2001 Textron Golf, Turf & Specialty Products Ł Shown:E-Z-GO 1200G-LX Ł www.ezgo.com Ł e-mail: ezgo@ezgo.textron.com A T NI 19| a guide to the world of opinion & ideas Ł Purchase the equipment at the residual value (plus GST) and then on-sell it. Ł Trade in the equipment on newer models under a new lease term. Ł Return the equipment to the financier and pay any shortfall between the equipment's residual value and its market value. (b) Rental/Operating Lease - generally available from equipment suppliers and some independent financiers. Under a Rental/Operating lease the risks and benefits of the financing arrangement remain with the financier. The financier sets the residual value based the lease term and annual usage parameters supplied by the lessee. The lessee simply operates the equipment for the term of the lease and then returns it to the Lessor at the end of the lease period. Invariably, monthly payments under a rental/operating lease arrangement are considerably lower than under a finance lease 
as the financier, being a specialist in this area, normally has a ready market for used equipment and is therefore prepared to set a far more aggressive residual value than the lessee will set under a finance lease. Operating leases are the most widely used form of finance for motor vehicle fleets. (c) Seasonal Lease - Available from some equipment suppliers and independent financiers. A seasonal lease is one that is constructed to take account of the lessee's cash flow. Monthly payments are structured in such a manner that they are low in those months when course usage is lower, increasing in those months when The following table provides a comparison of indicative monthly lease rates for an $83,600 Fairway Mower leased over 48 months. The finance lease assumes a residual value of 20% of the initial purchase price. Maintained Finance Lease Unmaintained Rental Maintained Rental Monthly Lease $1,560.00 $1,429.10 $1,307.00 Malntwiance $207.00 $207.00 Insurance $97.00 $97.00 Total Monthly $1,864.00 S 1,429 10 $1,61100 Note: the above lease rates exclude GST The table below provides a comparison of indicative lease rates for a Golf Car costing $8,500 leased over 36 months. The finance lease presumes a residual value of 25% of the initial purchase price. Maintained Finance Lease Unmaintained Rental Maintained Rental Monthly Lease $229.50 $218.15 $196.50 Maintenance $30.00 $30.00 Insurance $11.00 $11.00 Total Monthly $270.50 $218.15 $237.50 Total Daily Cost $9.01 $7.27 $7.92 Note: the above lease rates exclude GST. W TRELLEBORG WHEEL SYSTEMS WÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊ X ¿fi .low impact tyres for all conditions" QUALITY TYRES FOR PROFESSIONALS Qjvès (03)54 484822 I w 1 Beaurepaires (03)83 411019 émIM, -* .i Nufurf turfsolutions 360 Degrees of Green keeping^ cut above the rest Nuturf turf-solutions range includes: 200 litre Trailer Sprayers 15 litre heavy duty knapsack 50 litre Turf and Garden Sprayer 200, 450, 1000 & 1 200 litre Trailed Golf & Turf Sprayers 
500 litre linkage mounted Agripaks, and many others. All units feature reliable, strong frames, easy to clean, UV and chemical resistant tanks, and application controls to suit your needs. Contact Nuturf today for more turf-solutions information. FREEPHONE: 1800 631 008 FREEFAX: 1800 809 456 AGR|PAK a guide to the world of opinion & ideas Under-servicing or inappropriately performed preventative maintenance can lead to poor productivity patronage and cash flow is higher. Seasonal leases are generally based on rental/operating lease financing arrangements where the financier retains the risks and benefits. Importance of maintenance Under-servicing or inappropriately performed preventative maintenance can lead to poor 
productivity as a result of component failure and the unavailability of equipment while repairs are 
carried out. The inclusion of preventative maintenance within the lease structure spreads the cost evenly throughout the term of the lease 
and ensures that all preventative maintenance is 
carried out in line with the manufacturer's recommendations by trained technicians. Also, the inclusion of maintenance within the lease structure will generally result in lower lease 
payments, as the future value of professionally 
maintained equipment is generally higher than that of equipment where some doubt exists 
about the quality of the preventative maintenance it has received. Most equipment suppliers and specialist financiers offer a maintenance option (the inclusion of preventative and remedial The benefits of a sale and leaseback to the equipment operator are: ŁThey receive an immediate cash injection that can be used elsewhere in improving course presentation or club infrastructure. ŁThe cost of operating the equipment moves immediately from being an unknown variable cost, to known fixed cost. ŁIf the leaseback includes the maintenance option, immediate savings may be realised in reducing staffing costs and costs associated with holding spare parts. ŁEquipment that is nearing its "use by" date can be replaced immediately thereby providing the club with the benefits resulting from using 
the latest technology. The aim of this article has been to provide readers with an understanding of the various leasing options available for the financing of capital equipment and the benefits available from financing new equipment requirements 
via leasing rather than the traditional method of obtaining new equipment in the golf and turf industries which, is outright purchase, a Rob Gould is the CEO of Wheelease Pty Ltd, an independent financier to the Golf and Turf industries. Ł The inclusion of the fully maintained option within the lease structure will eliminate the need to tie up further capital by carrying a variety of spare parts in stock. And as many clubs have found to their dismay, the need to maintenance within the lease structure) with their leases. This is especially the case under 
the rental/operating lease structure where 
ensuring that the equipment is well maintained during the lease term guarantees maximum market value at lease end. The inclusion of the 
maintenance option within the lease structure will generally mean that the financier will be prepared to accept a greater risk on the future value of the equipment and set a higher residual value than would otherwise be the case, which in turn will result in a lower monthly lease rate. Additional potential cost savings Ł Many clubs have a mechanic on staff to carry out maintenance on their equipment. 
Often, this mechanic is under utilised and the total cost of employing this staff member 
exceeds the cost of including maintenance 
within the lease structure. write off several hundreds or thousands of 
dollars worth of spare parts when equipment is replaced, will be a thing of the past. Sale and Leaseback Clubs with a need to undertake capital works 
should consider the sale and leaseback of their existing equipment in order to receive an injection of available capital. Many financiers are prepared to buy a club's entire maintenance fleet for an agreed value and lease it back to them over a period commensurate with the remaining economic life of each piece of equipment. GREENMAW PTY LTD GOLF COURSE CONSTRUCTION MH 400 TyCrop topdresser with cross-conveyer & swivel. Ł Construction Ł Remodelling Ł Equipment Greenmaw Constructed Courses: Ł The Ocean Course, The National. Cape Schanck, Vic Ł The AGU Open Championship Course, Moonah Links, Vic Ł The Dukes Course, St Andrews Scotland. 
Ł The Links, Port Douglas, Far North Old. ph: 03 5976 2455 grecnmaw@bigpond.com MH 400 TyCrop Topdressing: Cross-conveyer & swivel for Ł bunkers Ł screenings for drainage Low ground pressure. Hydraulic operation. 
Reduces wastage. 3 cubic metre capacity 19 metre throw Line Planter: Approx 1 Ha/day of Couch stolons. Supplied with or without Tractor. Proven results: Ł Ocean Course, The National. 
Ł Moonah Links, Rye. Ł The Links, Port Douglas. Line planter in operation at Ocean Course. The National, Cape Shank. Sierra has arrived! Scotts new range of Sierra branded turfcare products have arrived. New products, new packaging and a renewed commitment to the Australian Tlirf industry from Scotts Australia. The names may have changed, the formulas might have been improved and the range of products expanded, but the professional products you have been used to still provide professional turf managers with the best possible range of products for golf courses, sports fields, bowling greens and parks. The new Sierra range includes: Ł Sierraform, slow release fertiliser for fine turf - greens and tees Ł Sierrablen, controlled release fertiliser for sports turf - fairways and parks Ł Sierrasol, high purity, water soluble fertiliser with M-77 chelated trace elements Sierracare plant protection range including unique combination products Sierraseed. amenity grass seed - overseeding, turfgrass establishment and repair Sportsmaster, conventional fertiliser - for sports turf, fairways and parks ..The Scotts Difference. For more information, contact your Scotts distributor or Scotts direct. Australia Freecall 1800 789 338 New Zealand (09) 299 6558 Professional Business Group, Scotts Australia Pty Ltd. 11 Columbia Way, Baulkham Hills, NSW 2153 J^^ Phone (02) 8853 7300 Fax (02) 8853 7310 Website www.scottsinternational.com ^^ Scotts Australia Pty Ltd ACN 003 123 162. Trading as The Scotts Company. Items marked Ž and ® are trademarks of The Scotts Company. Marysville Ohio and its affiliates ©The Scotts Company, November 2001. The Scotts Company is the leader in research, manufacture and marketing ofproducts for home lawn care and gardening, professional turf care, ornamental horticulture, field and vegetable production. From manufacturing bases in the U.S. A and Europe, Scotts sells its products in more than 50 countries worldwide. " Location www.toro.com.au TORO "The fairway mower allows me to mow right up to the edge of the green. I don't need a Surrounds mower anymore." Built in the late 1980'sf Sanctuary Cove Residential Resort sits on 500 hectares of lowlands, pine plantation and cattle grazing 
land that runs adjacent to the Coomera River. It encompasses four man-made harbors, residential facilities, retail infrastructure, a health and fitness centre, a five-star hotel and two 
championship golf courses managed by Golf 
Course Superintendent Andrew Baker. Culminating in becoming the first Australian Resort to be awarded 'Certification' with the Audubon Cooperative Sanctuary Program and taking out the prestigious AGCSA Claude Crockford Environmental Award in June last year, Andrew and his staff of 20 have made a commitment to 'environmental best practice' In reference to this commitment, Andrew Baker said, "The cornerstone to achieving our 
environmental objectives and preparing a golf 
course that is in keeping with a world class 
facility is making the right choice when it comes to our selection of maintenance equipment and irrigation products". It should come as no surprise then, to know that Andrew runs a fleet of Toro equipment that includes Reelmaster 6700D Fwd Fairway Mowers, Reelmaster 4000D Rough / Fairway Mowers, Reelmaster 31 OOP Greens Mowers, Reelmaster 1000 Walk Behind Mowers, Groundsmaster 3250D and 2300D Rough 
Mowers, a Multipro 1100 Turf Sprayer, Sandpro Bunker Rakes and a Toro Rak-o-vac. Spend any time at all with Andrew and you soon realize that this is a man big on efficiency, 
which seams to explain his gushing enthusiasm for his new Reelmaster 6700D 4wd Fairway Mowers. This is what Andrew had to say. "The 6700 is an amazing machine, it has a hydrostatic drive that is calibrated with the cutting units which adjust to your groundspeed. That means that the quicker you go, the faster "Downtime is simply not an option" the cutting cylinder spins so there is no reduction at all in the quality of cut. I used to have to tell my guys to slow down when they were on the fairway mower, now I have to tell them to go faster! It's a strange feeling to have to tell them that but the fact is, I know the machine can do it and the quicker they get around the course, the higher my productivity becomes. I know for a fact that having to cut in and amongst play reduces our efficiency by as much as 60%, its absolutely critical to stay in front of play and no other machine can give me 
that ability". "The other thing that I love about the 6700 is its supreme 'hold-down' and maneuverability which means that it can handle sloping and contoured surrounds. The guys can mow right up to the 
edge of the green. I don't need a surrounds mower anymore which basically means that I 
have done away with the need for two extra mowers, what club couldn't do with that?" LOCATION TOTAL AREA (ha) DESCRIPTION Greens cut & holes changed everyday Greens Fairways Cut everyday between October & April Cut four times per week "Toro fleet at 5am" The impressive fleet of machinery at Sanctuary Cove is financed with the help of the operational leasing options that Toro offers in partnership with GE Capital Finance. Most of their equipment is under a two or three year rental agreement which means 
that the operation is not burdened with 
ownership and benefits from timely 
equipment acquisition & replacement. In discussing the operational lease arrangement, Andrew Baker said, "What I love about this is 
that I can keep all of my gear within the warrantee period and life isn't complicated by the frustration of owning a machine once its 
efficient life is over. Including Hope Island, I've 
got three golf courses to run and 'downtime' is 
simply not an option (refer to table one). What this leasing arrangement gives me is the piece 
of mind to know that if I do have a problem, 
Toro will be on my doorstep with a replacement machine the very next morning". Other benefits of the operational leasing options include the fact that the lease payments 
are fixed, they can be coordinated with 
fluctuations in cash flow and they provide a hedge against inflation. Table One: Mowing Schedule for all three golf courses (The Pines, Palms and Hope Island) ŁŁŁŁŁŁ "I used to have to tell my guys to slow down when they were on the fairway mower, now I have to tell them to go faster!" To stay on top of such a hectic schedule, 
Andrew uses a Toro Site Management System 
with GCS for Windows. It allows him to maintain a full inventory of stock and 
machinery running costs and holds all details on 
his staff such as what tasks they have been assigned to, how long various tasks are taking 
and how much they are being paid per hour. Essentially, what the GCS for Windows system allows Andrew to do is generate a work order for 
every job on the golf course whether it be mowing fairways or greens, or repairing divots and hand weeding. Ultimately, the system means that Andrew can accurately allocate a cost to every task that is performed on the golf course. Andrew said, "If I want to know how much it 
cost me to mow greens last month, a couple of 
clicks on the mouse and the information is right 
there in front of me. One of the real values of a 
system like this is that I can closely monitor the cost of certain tasks which often provides the 
supporting information that a Superintendent needs to help justify things such as a new staff 
member, the adoption of a new management 
practice or the purchase of a new machine. For example, if my operators feel that we need a new machine to cut roughs, I can quickly justify or verify this opinion by accessing information 
that may very well demonstrate increasing costs 
of fairway cutting and then develop a new model inputting information relating to a new 
machine and then compare the two. Sometimes 
it makes good business sense to purchase a new 
machine, sometimes it doesn't." Making sure a machine is used and maintained correctly is the key to maintaining maximum productivity and at Sanctuary Cove, Andrew and his staff have developed and implemented a system that has reduced their costs of breakdown and repairs from $178,00 to just $100,000. A comprehensive list of routine checks and 
considerations has been formulated for every piece of machinery in the shed. This list is 
mounted onto a clipboard and when not in 
use, it sits on the operator's chair. Each 
morning, the operator assigned to that piece of equipment must work through and sign-off on the list then post the document in the 'out-tray' before leaving the shed. When the 
operator returns they must repeat the procedure to ensure that the machine is ready to go the next morning and as Andrew says, "It makes sense, there is just no excuse for running out of petrol these days". Continued next page "Water is one of the resorts most valuable resources that must be protected, conserved and used efficiently" Step one in adopting a more environmentally friendly style of management and achieving certification with the Audubon Cooperative Sanctuary Program was the completion of a detailed environmental audit. This reinforced the notion that water was one of the resorts most valuable resources that must be protected, conserved and used efficiently. Rated by the Australian Golf Union as "Australia's most challenging" the Arnold Palmer designed The Pines Course, employs a Toro Network LTC System to feed 1400 Toro 670 heads and approximately 100 Toro 650 heads for greens. Features of the Toro 650/670 Series include; Ł Three standard pressure regulation settings available to ensure consistently accurate performance - regardless of elevation. Ł Three body styles/activation types available to fit every application: Electric VIH, Normally Open Hydraulic VIH, and Check-O-Matic. Ł Manual control at the sprinkler, On-Off-Auto. Ł Bowl-vented discharge, which minimizes the differential pressure required for regulation and ensures positive valve closure. Ł Time-proven gear-drive design. Ł All internal components serviceable from the top of the sprinkler. Ł Large selection of nozzles available. 
Ł Durable engineering, plastic and steel construction. The Toro Network LTC System incorporates site-specific information related to factors such as 
grass type, soil type and slope which the system then overlays against évapotranspiration data to 
schedule exactly how much water each area of turf requires and in Andrews own words, "This 
system allows me to water less, not more". "The Toro Network LTC System allows me to water less not more" "Staying ahead of the golfers is absolutely critical" Toro Australia wishes to thank Andrew Baker and the staff at Sanctuary Cove Residential Resort for their support and patience in allowing us to bring you this information. The next edition of TORO TURF TOUR will feature in the April 2002 edition of AUSTRALIAN TURFGRASS MANAGEMENT Magazine CO Advertisement The ultimate in turf Upgraded Features and benefits Ł New Closed Case Ł Removable Rock Screen 
Ł Hot ShotŽ Solenoids - half the amprage 
Ł Higher, 100 mm Pop-up 
Ł New debris trap Ł Compatible with 600 and 700 Series 
Ł Slow closing - prevents spikes and water hammer 
Ł New stainless steel valve seats Available soon For more information please call Toro Irrigation 1300 130 898 A division of Toro Australia Pty Limited 20-21 Sleigh Place, Wetherill Park, NSW 2164 Telephone (02) 8787 4100 Facsimile (02) 9725 3476 TORO Irrigation The new 800 Series from Toro AGCSATech : Update DUSTING AS A MANAGEMENT TOOL Over the past 18 months or sor I have seen several situations where thatch accumulation on greens has got out of control and is causing numerous problems. Where there has been an excessive accumulation of thatch, there has been; poor infiltration rates; wet surfaces; soft and slow putting surfaces; increased incidence 
of disease; poor root systems and black layer. Thinking back to last summer, greens that were thatchy, literally cooked with a 
combination of wet weather followed by high temperatures. Thatch management is always being discussed and it is one of the basic precepts of turf management, so why is it still an issue? In my recent experiences, the predisposing factors 
have been; 1. Failure to recognize that excessive thatch accumulation is a problem. 2. Failure to cope with the thatch accumulation associated with modern bentgrasses. 3. Failure to renovate appropriately due to playing pressures and possible disturbance to play. Also, associated with this is the failure to renovate at the most appropriate 
time of the year. Dusting or very light topdressings on a regular basis is a cultural practice for the control of thatch that is gaining increasing acceptance. In my experience, regular dusting has been demonstrated to be the most effective method 
of thatch control. Recently, when inspecting 
golf courses with the new bentgrasses, both Superintendents were employing a program of regular dusting. The result was to provide a consistent blend of sand and organic matter without obvious layering occurring. The result is a more uniform profile that provides better pore space continuity and the associated 
benefits of improved air and water movement 
into the root zone. Research by Nickson (ATM 2.4, 2000) demonstrated that dusting provided significant benefits compared to the more traditional twice a year renovation of scarifying, coring, and heavy sandings. He dusted every 2-3 
weeks at one litre of sand / m2. Work by Rieke indicated that an application rate of 0.06 -0.11 cubic metres per 100m2 was effective. In an open forum discussion at a recent VGCSA seminar, the benefits of such a program were again confirmed. There is still a 
need to hollow core to break up any organic layers that may occur (due to missed dustings because of weather, equipment breakdown etc) and the vertidrain is used to control any deeper soil compaction. In many respects, heavy scarifying can potentially be eliminated with grooming/dethatching to control grain. WATER TESTING As we approach the summer months and irrigation becomes a critical aspect of turf management, water testing and water quality is being considered by many turf managers. Whether the water source is from bores, creeks, rivers, on-site catchment, or recycled 
wastewater, it is important to have some knowledge of its quality. Salts, nutrients and other constituents affect its quality and ultimately its impact on the turf and soils. Many turf managers undertake water tests, however the terminology on the reports is still causing some confusion. What are the terms and what do they mean? Salinity: Salts are always present in water and is the single most important factor affecting water quality. The salt content is made up of cations (Ca2+, Mg2*, Na* and K+) and anions (CI , bicarbonate and sulfate). Salinity is an indication of these ions in the water. Salinity is measured as; Electrical Conductivity (EC) expressed as deciSiemens/metre (dS/m) or sometimes as microSiemens/centimeter (pS/cm). The EC of water is measured using a conductivity probe that has two electrodes. The meter measures the electrical current 
conducted by the ions in solution between the 
two electrodes. There is a direct relationship between the salinity of the water and the ability to conduct an electrical current. Salinity can be expressed as Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) and Total Soluble Salts (TSS). For most purposes the EC is converted to TDS (expressed in milligrams/litre) by multiplying by 0.6. That is; EC (dS/m) x 0.6 = TDS(mg/L). Milligrams per litre is also the same as parts per million (ppm). Bicarbonate (HCOa) and Carbonate (C03) are both anions with carbonate only occurring when the pH is greater than 8.3. Both combine with calcium and magnesium to be precipitated as insoluble carbonates. This reduction in calcium and magnesium has 
the effect of increasing the relative sodium 
concentration and therefore affects the sodicity 
of the water. The impact of bicarbonate and 
carbonate on sodicity is determined by 
calculating the Residual Sodium Cabonate (RSC). The RSC = (HCOa + C03)-(Ca + Mg*) where the ions concentrations are recorded in milliequivilants per litre (meq/L). Milliequivalents per litre (meg/L) is calculated as follows: Meq/L = Mg/L Equivalent Weight The equivalent weight for several ions is as follows; Calcium (Ca) = 20, Magnesium (Mg) = 12, Sodium (Na) = 23, Bicarbonate (HC03) = 61, Carbonate (C03) = 30. Hardness is determined in many water tests and is a calculated value based on the calcium 
and magnesium concentrations and is 
expressed CaC03. The implications of hard 
water are; reduces soap and detergent lathering; causes scale accumulation in sprinklers and pipes; combines with pesticides 
when mixing. The Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR) is a calculated value that indicates the potential 
sodic effects that the water may have on the soil. The SAR is the ratio of sodium ions to 
calcium and magnesium ions in solution. It is 
calculated as follows: Na+ SAR = ^J Ca + Mg + Where ions concentrations are in meq/L. The SAR and RSC are used together to determine the sodicity class of irrigation water. There are many other ions measured in irrigation water and they are usually expressed as milligrams per litre (mg/L). Milligrams per litre is also equal to parts per million (ppm). Whether it is a water test or soil analysis it is important to have some understanding of the terminology used. It is also important to have a water test done prior to the start of the irrigation season so that you know what you are dealing with. TRIAL SITE AT LAKELANDS GOLF CLUB The trial plots are now well established at Lakelands Golf Club and being maintained at the appropriate cutting height. That is, at greens height (3mm) or fairway height (8mm). Assessments have been undertaken in October 
and November and the results are as follows (see chart below) The 328 and Tifdwarf off-types have been planted and various characteristics are being measured. The grow-in rate is being determined by measuring the weekly rate of 
stolon extension. Other characteristics to be measured will include internode length, density, and how prostrate the growth habit is. A Variety * Quality ** Density Colour Oct Nov Oct Nov Oct Nov Santa Ana 7.5 7.5 6.5 6 Legend 7 6 6 Plataeu 6.5 6.5 7 6.5 GreenLees Park 5.5 5.5 6 6 6 5.5 Wintergreen 6.5 6.5 7 65 6.5 6.5 Tifton 328 6.5 6 6.5 6 6 CT2(GN-1) 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 Conquest 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 6.5 Supersport 6 6 6 6 6 6 Princess (Seeded) 6 5.5 6 6 7 6 Mohawk (seeded) 5.5 5 5 5 6 6 6 * Grasses at fairway height (8mm) only Density ratings 0 = worst, 9 = best ** Quality ratings 0 = worst, 9 = best Colour ratings 0 = no green, 9 = very dark green I I Making an Old Dog, Mans Bes&Friend The two-cycle (two-stroke) engine is like an old dog. It's been around for 100 years. It can stink. It will snarl and snap. It can be an ill-tempered beast that won't obey your desires. Or, like a good hound, it can be a trusty companion and helper as you roam the golf course taking care of chores. Its behavior depends on whether you feed it well, keep it clean and give it a good home. Two-cycle engines are found on hand-held equipment - string trimmers, power blowers and chain saws. Occasionally you'll find a two-cycle 
walk-behind lawn mower or on a specialized piece of equipment like a post-hole auger. Your golf course may have two-cycle engines in golf carts. If you like to have vehicular fun off 
the golf course, you'll find two-cycles powering 
snowmobiles, smaller boats and " personal 
watercraft" such as jet skis, some motorcycles 
and even aircraft - ranging from radio-controlled model planes to ultra-lights. Many landscape professionals assume two-cycles are balky things that can't be trusted 
to start easily, idle smoothly, or keep running. But the fact that people trust their lives to a two-cycle engine when they take off in an ultra-light demonstrates that these quirky little engines can be tamed and trusted. There are no special secrets to handling two-cycle, but there are a few common practices that are worth adopting as habits of operation and maintenance. These good practices will become more important in the years ahead, because two-cycle design changes being forced by pollution-control laws are likely to further emphasize them. The little engines are changing in ways that will make care and feeding even more critical to their value as helpers on the course. Ups and Downs The two-cycle is called that because to produce power, the piston needs only two journeys through the cylinder bore - one up, one down. The engines used in cars and trucks need twice as many trips to produce one power stroke, and is called a four-cycle. Despite making twice as many power strokes at a given rotating speed, the two-cycle doesn't produce twice the power 
of a four-cycle. But, it does produce twice as many exhaust pulses, so it sounds as if it is 
running twice as fast. The two-cycle is suited for high-speed 
operation because it needs only 3 major moving parts - the piston, connecting rod and crankshaft. The piston, as it moves up and down, serves to control the flow of air-fuel mix into the cylinder 
and the release of exhaust. A tiny bit of oil is mixed into the fuel, so all the internal pieces are 
bathed in a lubricating mist. The oil is burned along with the fuel and helps produce the characteristic gray exhaust plume that marks a two-cycle. By contrast, a four-cycle needs a bewildering array of valves, levers, camshafts and more to control intake and exhaust, 
and a complex pumping and plumbing system 
for lubrication. Design simplicity and high operating speed give small air-cooled two-cycle engines a superb power-to-weight ratio that suits them well for 
hand-carried tools and light vehicles. However, simplicity has a dark side - pollution -that threatens the two-cycle's future. The problem lies in the fact that during the piston down-stroke, two incompatible things happen in the cylinder: The hot exhaust gas is moved out at the same time a cool supply of fresh air moves in. These two incompatible 'blobs' of gas can't be separated by a solid wall. Some exhaust gas remains behind to weaken the potential power from the fresh fuel charge. Worse, some unburned fuel and oil leaves with the exhaust. This discharge of raw hydrocarbon vapor and particles is amongst the most reviled mobile-source air pollutants on the planet. Honda is working on resolving the emissions problems of the two-cycle engine with this design that adds an external valve (yellow object in photo) to resolve the mixing of exhaust and intake gases that in large measure produce unwanted pollution. BY scon NESBITT A United States Environmental Protection Agency action in October 2001 set up new standards that raise the emissions bar extremely high. Major technical changes will be needed to permit continued U.S. use of two-cycle 
motorcycles, all-terrain vehicles and snowmobiles. Comparable rules are popping up all over the 
developed world. A World Bank report in July 2001 said a leading cause of premature deaths in South Asian cities is the air pollution from the 
inexpensive two-stroke motor vehicles that are commonly used in developing countries. Legislation to follow? The annoying exhaust bark and intake growl of two-cycles has also spawned laws in various U.S. cities, based on noise pollution. The hand-held equipment currently sold incorporates technical changes adopted to meet the regulations 
and more changes are in the pipeline. While some manufacturers, notably Honda and Ryobi, have developed four-cycle engines for string trimmers 
and power blowers, the bulk of manufacturers 
are building modified two-cycles that meet 
current regulations. In development are many 
different designs aimed at meeting future standards. It is likely that these future products 
will need special care and feeding. It's worthwhile 
to start adopting today the operating and maintenance habits they will call for. Care and Feeding "Barking" and "growling" were traditionally ignored in two-cycle design. Minimalist mufflers and air intakes noise control saved a lot of weight. New designs increase the size and weight of these external parts. To keep total engine weight about the same, designers have reduced the weight of core components like cylinders, crankshafts, starters, etc. This shift has serious impacts on operation and maintenance. Newer engine designs typically squeeze more power from each cubic centimeter. This is done with a leaner fuel mixture and higher engine speed; both result in higher engine heat loads. This means some new practices for operators and technicians. Carburetor passages are physically smaller, with higher precision needles. They are less tolerant of particles coming in with the fuel, so the filters are much better. Partial blockage of a fuel passage can 'over-lean' an already lean-burning engine, causing destruction through under-lubrication and excess heat. Change the fuel filter often. Fuel can't be allowed to linger for months in the tank and evaporate into solids that will load up the filters. Get in the habit of emptying two-cycle hand-held fuel tanks when a unit will be in storage more than a week. The cooling system has a higher load. So attention must be paid to keeping air intake screens free of debris. Cooling fins, on both the www.hondampe.com.au The Power of Dreams » POWERED B Y HONDA vw THE WORLD'S NUMBER ONE ENGINE MANUFACTURER. Honda engines are unmatched for durability, usability and engineering excellence that delivers 4-stroke power and fuel efficiency that continues to exceed the world's most stringent environmental standards. If you won't settle for second best, you won't settle for anything less than a Honda engine. HONDA To locate your nearest Honda dealer call 1800241 173 A T M 31 This particular engine suffered from overheating and too much oil, which locked up the piston rings, allowing blowby that caused the streaks down the cylinder walls. The engine seized up on the job. | | fan and cylinder, should be cleaned more often. That means opening up the shrouds more often to blow away chaff. The higher heat and speed demand better spark plugs. The electrodes are more likely to burn away, opening up the spark gap. This can lead to harder starting. It can also 
alter the ignition timing because it may take longer for an electron charge to build enough to jump a larger gap. Altered timing can change power output and increase engine heat 
production. So check, re-gap and replace spark 
plugs frequently. On daily-use machines, this may 
mean monthly plug checks. When you do this, make sure the engine is cool to avoid stripping out the plug threads in the cylinder head. It may be worth considering switching to synthetic lubricants for two-cycle engines? Many users have experienced extended engine 
life with these products. A significant advantage 
is that a single batch of synthetic fuel-oil blend can serve a wide range of different two cycle 
engines which may call for fuel-oil blends ranging from 16:1 up to 100:1. Beside simplifying inventory, the synthetics seem to leave fewer deposits in the critical piston ring area. A seized piston ring is often fatal to a two-cycle engine, so preventing that is usually worth the higher price of the synthetic lube. Keep it fast Newer engines get more power per cubic centimeter, but they often have less "flywheel effect" than old designs. Equipment operators need to learn to keep engine speed up. When using a brush blade, for example, it's best to take many small high-speed bites rather than trying to "lug through" with a steady cut. It's imperative to frequently sharpen chain saw chains and brush blades, to reduce the engine load and allow higher operating speeds. The mechanisms downstream from the engine, items like the gear heads in string trimmers and clutches on chain saws, should be checked for proper operation. Any binding or maladjustment should be cured in the interest of safety, reducing engine load and permitting full-speed operation. Throttle cables and linkages should be checked 
frequently to verify that they are pulling the carburetor fully open. Air filter elements should be checked and changed more often to allow the free flow of air into the engine. And the muffler system should be frequently checked for blockage. Carburetor fuel-mixture adjustment is one of the more critical elements to two-cycle 
operation, since it controls both the leanness 
of fuel and the quantity of lubricant. Each machine will have a specific system for adjustment. Some will permit no adjustment, 
while others will. Read the operating manual 
and follow it strictly. Store it right Storage is an important issue for two-cycles. Some are showing up with catalytic converters. These platinum-bearing, ceramic honeycomb 
exhaust filters have been used on cars for 
decades. They make unburned fuel molecules 
combine with oxygen, to eliminate troublesome 
emissions. But the converter, which looks like a regular muffler, is more fragile because of the internal ceramic honeycomb. It retains its heat 
longer after the engine is shut down. The extra 
heat may be enough to start a fire by inadvertently storing a hand-held power tool in a position where the converter contacts flammable materials. Assess the storage setting for your two-cycle equipment to eliminate wood, grass clippings or 
any other potentially flammable materials. Train operators to store the equipment so fuel left in the tank can't inadvertently dribble onto the muffler or converter. Also, be careful of wildlife, particularly insects. For some reason, 
spiders seem to take a special liking to two-cycle engines. Some species like to build nests in the exhaust outlets, causing a clog. 
Operators have received painful stings. Whatever the reason, take some extra time to verify there's no fauna cluttering up the storage area. Goodness knows the little pups with two-cycle engines are enough responsibility for anyone, A Scott Nesbitt is a regular machinery writer for Coif Course Management Magazine and Australian Turf grass Management Magazine Powered by the Award Winning Suzuki engine Designed for Commercial Use Available Australia Wide Light Weight Reliability and Power PROFESSIONAL HORTICULTURE PTY LTD MOBILE: 0412 250 550 Ł FAX: (03) 9702 4619 Aventis Environmental Science Aventis Chipco Choice and Merit Turf are new generation insecticides specifically developed for use on sports turf. Their unequalled long term residual control against selected turf insect pests, excellent environmental profiles and exceptional user safety mean that turf managers, players and other visitors can all enjoy the greener results. cnmce Insect Control MERifjgp Environmental Science Division, Aventis CropScience Pty Ltd ACN 000226 022 391-393 Tooronga Road, Hawthorn East, Vic 3123, Australia Phone: 03 9248 6888 Fax: 03 9248 6800 Internet: www.cs.aventis.com.au *Chipco and Choice are registered trademarks of Aventis "Merit is a registered trademark of Bayer AES333M3/ATM/The Hopkins Part. ^Ryan* punching various types and depths of turfgrass performance. Cultivation g the soil or thatch layer without destroying the ¡1 compaction, water infiltration, oxygen diffusion quality are potential benefits from SUMMER BENTGRASS CULTIVATION: Risk or Reward? Bentgrass cultivation has traditionally been performed during spring and fall months for optimum recovery and limited turf injury. Summer cultivation is often avoided for fear of excessive physical turf injury and desiccation on bentgrass. However, the importance of maintaining a quality soil atmosphere with adequate soil 02 and prevention of other problems such as localized dry spots and hydrophobic soils have stimulated usage of summer cultivation on highly trafficked turf. practices (Rieke and Murphy, 1989). Over a 10 year study, Engel and Alderfer (1967) noted a 
20% increase in ODR with spoon type cultivation. In contrast, Petrovic (1979) found a 
vertical operating hollow tine had no effect on ODR. The removal of soil by the CHT reduces soil strength and relieves compaction, thus increasing the potential to improve soil oxygenation (Murphy et a I., 1993; Wiecko et al., 1993). Cultivation options are numerous with differing tine diameters, depths, and methods. 
Commonly used cultivation practices include: 
conventional depth (9 cm) with either hollow tine (CHT) or solid tine (CST); deep depth (20 
cm) with hollow tine (DHT) or solid tine (DST); pressurized water injection systems (RZI); and other methods such as less destructive star tines (ST) and needle tines (NT), (see over page). Previous research has demonstrated variations in soil aeration status with differing cultivation fiijdreW-i-WATER INJECTION AERATION CO SERVICING NSW, SA, VIC & QLD Visit our website on www.hydro-turf.com.au A two-rig service is available through Summer. Contact: Wally Bowkun on 0412 834 751. Email: Hydro_Turf@bigpond.com.au. B. TODD BUNNELL AND BERT McCARTY CHT CST ST NT DHT DST Tines used for summer cultivation study at Clemson University during the summer of 1999. Treatments: CHT - conventional hollow tine, CST - conventional solid tine, ST - star tine, NT - needle tine, DHT - deep hollow tine, DST - deep solid tine, and RZI -root zone water injection (not included). Surface hardness measures the impact absorption characteristics of turf (Lush, 1985). Rogers and Waddington (1992) found impact characteristics of turf are determined by soil water content, soil compaction, and surface 
type. Previous research has found CHT 
treatments to reduce surface hardness (Baker and Richards, 1993). Turf performance following cultivation is an additional area where previous research is contradictory. Cultivation methods are both injurious and beneficial to turf. Murphy et al. (1993) showed cultivation improved overall turf quality, with best quality following treatments of CHT. Benefits seen with cultivation practices 
improved soil physical properties, hence 
improving turfgrass quality. In contrast, other research has shown cultivation in the fall and spring to be injurious to turf (Engel and Alderfer, 1967; Cooper and Skogely, 1981). Limited research has been performed on turf performance following summer cultivation techniques. The objective of this study was to evaluate soil gas levels, water infiltration, soil hardness, and turf quality of two creeping bentgrass varieties, 'Penn A-1' and 'Crenshaw", following differing summer 
cultivation techniques. RESEARCH APPROACH The study was performed in July and August 1999 on Clemson University's two-year old 85:15 (V: V) sand: peat 'Crenshaw' and 'Penn A-1' creeping bentgrass research green (USGA Greens Section Staff, 1993). The grass was maintained to golf course standards including daily mowing at 4 mm, irrigation applied twice 
weekly at 1.9 cm per application, standard fungicides applied every 14 days for disease control during spring and summer months, and 
yearly application of 390 kg N ha . Treatments were applied on two bentgrass 
cultivars, 'Crenshaw' and 'Penn A-1' creeping bentgrass on 16 July 1999 (Table 1). Treatments were applied and soil cores removed 
from plots receiving a hollow tine treatment. Square spacing between cultivation holes was 7 cm for each treatment. Each plot was divided into strips consisting of a topdressed plot and 
non-topdressed plot. Topdressing was applied the same day of cultivation treatment applications with a layer of 0.6 cm medium/coarse (0.5 - 1.0 mm diameter) sand and brushed in. Soil gas levels, water infiltration rates, and soil hardness were evaluated through 30 DAT (days after cultivation treatment). Soil gas levels were measured with a portable infra-red gas analyzer able to draw a constant flow of 0.1 L s (Soil Scientific, model #1810-2772, Deep River, CN). Soil gases measured were 02, C02, H2S, and CH4. Gas levels were measured at 15 and 30 DAT at two depths (9 and 20 cm) and recorded at 1200 and 1500 h. A double ring infiltrometer (model 13a, Turf-Tec, Coral Springs, FL) was used to measure infiltration rates at 15 and 30 DAT. The infiltrometer was forcefully placed into the 
turf at the depth of 2 cm. Infiltration time (s) was recorded when water vacated the center ring and rates were converted to cm h . A Clegg Impact Soil Tester (2.5 kg model, Lafayette Instrument Co., Lafayette, IN), was used to measure surface hardness. The Clegg 
Hammer is a widely accepted method of measuring hardness or impact characteristics of turf surfaces (Lush, 1985). Two readings were taken per plot every 15 days, readings were also 
taken 2 days following irrigation to maintain uniformity in soil water potential. Units were 
recorded in CIV's (Clegg Impact Value) and converted to gmax (peak deceleration) using the following equation, (Bregar and Moyer, 1990). gmax = 10(CIV) Table 1. Summer cultivation treatments used in this study including abbreviations, tine dimensions and manufacturer. TREATMENT ABBREV. TINE TYPE TINE DIAMETER (CM) TINE DEPTH (CM) tMANUFACTURER Conventional Hollow CHT Hollow 1.6 9 JRM, Inc.' Conventional Solid CST Solid 1.6 9 JRM, Inc.' Deep Hollow DHT Hollow 1.6 20 JRM, Inc.' Deep Solid DST Solid 1.6 20 JRM, Inc.' Root Zone Injectiont RZI N/A 0.08 9 John Deere : Star-Tine ST Solid 1.25 9 Right Angle Tine Co.1 Needle Tine NT Solid 0.75 13 Sisis, Inc.4 I have no hesitation in recommending - Kim O'Connor Corinda Bowls Club BARMAC INDUSTRIES PTY LTD 14 Annie Street ROCKLEA QLD 4106 Ph: 07 3255 6000 Fax: 07 3255 6600 Turf quality was measured weekly on a 1 -9 scale, with 9 = best quality turf. A minimum acceptance level was 7. Turf quality included 
color, density, uniformity, and overall plant health. SUMMARY OF RESULTS Soil Gases Soil C02 was reduced as a result of cultivation in the 'Penn A-1' cultivar experiment. Specifically at 9 cm depth, CHT and ST, and NT reduced soil C02 from the untreated by 33, 21, and 25%, respectively at 15 DAT (Table 2). 
Conventional ST did not reduce soil C02. This may be attributed to a larger redistribution of sand from the solid tine resulting in a 
compaction zone surrounding the cultivation hole, hence possibly slowing 02 diffusion. At the 20 cm depth, CHT and DHT both reduced 
soil C02 by 24% (Table 2). Carbon dioxide reductions were not evident in the 'Crenshaw' cultivar experiment (data not shown). This may be attributed to lower C02 concentrations in plots not receiving cultivation. Reductions in soil C02 allow for an increase in 02. Oxygen levels were increased at 9 cm by 1 % following 
CHT treatments in both cultivars at 15 DAT. Oxygen differences were not observed at 20 cm 
with any tine treatment. Additionally, no measurable CH4 or H2S levels were detected in either experiment. Table 2. Soil Oz and C02 following differing cultivation treatments on 'Penn A-1' creeping bentgrass. TREATMENTS* Response UNT ST CHT CST DHT DST RZI 15 DATt; O; (%) 9 cm 20 cm 20 08bc 19.95a 20.20ab 20.07a 20.32a 20.05a 20.22ab 
20.08a 2018ab 
20.08a 20 08bc 19.98a 20.00c 19.95a CO; (%) 9 cm 20 cm 0.92ab 1.19a 0.73cd 1.02ab 0.62d 0.91b 0.75bcd 0.95ab 0.83abc 0.91b 0.93a 1.08ab 1.01a 1.01 ab 30 DATt: O; <%) 9 cm 20 cm 19.95abc 19.95a 20.00ab 19.83a 20.05a 19.92a 19.98ab 19.97a 19.78bc 19.70a 19.78bc 19.70a 19.73c 
19.88a CO; (%) 9 cm 
20 cm 0.72abc 0.74a 0.68bc 0.83a 0.58c 0.88a 0.66bc 0.82a 0.83abc 0.96a 0.94a 096a 0.91 ab 0.79a t Within gases, depths, and DAT (Days after cultivation treatment), means followed by the same letter are not significantly different according to Fisher's LSD (0.05) test. * Treatment abbreviations: UNT-untreated, ST-star tine. CHT-conventional hollow tine, CST-conventional solid tine, DHT-deep hollow tine, DST-deep solid tine, RZI-root zone injector, and NT-needle tine. Jacklin Seed added the top bentgrass to our game so you can be on top of yours WA - Symonds Seeds (08) 9443 7100 Install Confidence. Install Rain Bird®. Rain Bird understands that renovation is a major commitment, and we want to be your complete renovation partner. Whether your goals include modernization, improved playability or the need to meet strict watering regulations, we can help you justify and implement a cost-efficient renovation package that's right for you. Rain Bird products and services offer the unique ability to combine innovation with versatility. We know that your irrigation requirements change with time, so we ensure that our latest innovations will always be compatible with your existing Rain Bird system. After the installation is complete, we'll be there to help you maintain the quality of your entire systemŠfrom central controls to sprinkler heads. Rain Bird knows that a successful renovation includes quality products, excellent service, and a complete commitment to our customers. So choose Rain Bird, relax, and renovate with confidence. RA/N^B/rd Call Rain Bird Golf QLD, Wayne Brown on (07) 5467 1076 or 0419 669 679 VIC, WA, SA, and TAS Brad Fawcett on (03) 9390 7690 or 0407 361 612 NSW, Greg Smith on 0500 50 3070 or 0438 503 070 Call Rain One (Rain Bird Golf Distributor) Greg Powick on (03) 9474 5666 or 0407 088 006 or contact us on our website - http://www.rainbird.com At 30 DAT, CHT increased 02 and decreased C02 levels compared to RZI and DST at the 9 cm depth in the 'Penn A-1' cultivar experiment. Results found at 15 DAT were not seen at 30 DAT. This suggests cultivation benefits on soil oxygenation may only persist for 2 to 3 weeks. Gas levels were influenced greatest by CHT, ST, NT, and DHT treatments in the 'Penn A-1' plots. The prudent watering of the research green and quality of construction material likely 
did not allow for toxic gas build-up and low soil 
oxygenation. Future research should investigate summer cultivation on older compacted, highly trafficked, and/or poorly drained golf greens. Surface Hardness Surface hardness was reduced by cultivation treatments. In the 'Penn A-1' cultivar experiment, gmax was reduced with DHT, DST, 
CHT, and ST treatments by 19, 16, 11, and 9% 
at 15 DAT, respectively (Table 3). In the 'Crenshaw' cultivar experiments, gmax was reduced at 15 DAT following all treatments except RZI. Deep HT, DST, and CHT treatments reduced surface hardness by 22, 19, and 16%, 
respectively (Table 4). Surface hardness 
reductions with DHT, DST, and CHT are attributed to the greater degree of surface 
disruption and core removal as well as greater 
subsurface fracture. A study measuring soil 
strength provided similar trends with CHT reducing soil strength, although DHT and DST were not included (Murphy et at. 1993). Tine effects at 30 DAT were similar to effects at 15 DAT. In the 'Penn A-1' cultivar experiment, all treatments except NT, RZI, and CST reduced 
surface hardness compared to the untreated (Table 3). Deep HT, DST, CHT, and ST reduced surface hardness by 15, 12, 8, and 7%, respectively. In the 'Crenshaw' cultivar experiment only the CST and RZI treatments 
did not reduce surface hardness from the untreated at 30 DAT (Table 4). Surface 
hardness reductions for DHT, DST, CHT, NT, and ST treatments were 18, 15, 11, 6, and 5%, 
respectively. The RZI never reduced soil 
hardness in either cultivar experiment. In our study the RZI only reached a depth of 9 cm, therefore creating very little subsurface fracture and surface disruption. In both experiments, CST did not reduce soil hardness compared to the untreated plots. This 
may be attributed to creating a zone of compaction from a large soil void without the removal of a core or subsurface fracture. Other treatments not removing soil, such as DST and NT, reduced soil hardness due to deeper tine penetration. Therefore, depth of tine 
penetration and core removal possibly impacted surface hardness. Table 3. Soil hardness as measured with a Clegg impact hammer and infiltration using a double-ring infiltrometer following differing cultivation methods on Penn A-1' creeping bentgrass. TREATMENTS* Response UNT ST CHT CST DHT DST RZI 15 DATt; Soil Hardness 99 6a 90.8bcd 88.9cde 92.0abc 81.1e 83.7de 98.4ab Infiltration cm h' 147.9b 158.2b 202.8a 148.9b 223.8a 196.4a 144.0b 30 DATt Soil Hardness g~ 96.5ab 90.0cde 88.4de 93.1 bed 81 9f 85.2ef 100.7a Infiltration cm h1 158.8c 172.8c 251.2a 158.8c 221 5ab 164.9c 155.9c t Within DAT (Days after treatment) and variables, means followed by the same letter are not significantly different according to Fisher s LSD (0.05) test. * Treatment abbreviations: UNT-untreated. ST-star tine, CHT-conventional hollow tine, CST-conventional solid tine, DHT-deep hollow tine, DST-deep solid tine, RZI-root zone injector, and NT-needle tine. Infiltration Differences in water infiltration at 15 DAT occurred in both experiments. Infiltration rates increased 51, 37, 33, and 34% following DHT, CHT, DST, and NT, respectively in the 'Penn A-1' cultivar experiment at 15 DAT (Table 3). In the 'Crenshaw' cultivar experiment, highest infiltration rates of 33, 32, and 24% again followed DST, NT, and DHT treatment, respectively at 15 DAT (Table 4). Deep tine cultivation with DHT, DST, and NT fractures the soil, creating macropores and allowing for greater infiltration of water. By 30 DAT, only hollow tine treatments still influenced infiltration rates. In the 'Penn A-1' cultivar experiment, CHT and DHT increased rate of infiltration by 58 and 40%, respectively at this 
time (Table 3). In the 'Crenshaw' cultivar 
experiment, CHT had 40% greater infiltration (Table 4). Prior research performed on sand based soccer fields noted highest infiltration rates following CHT applications (Canaway et a!., 1986). Hollow tine treatments may have attributed to higher infiltration rates at 30 DAT by reducing compaction compared to solid tine treatments (Murphy et al., 1993). Turf Quality (TQ) Previous research indicates cultivation can be injurious to turf (Cooper and Skogely, 1981), while others indicate cultivation benefits TQ over time (Murphy et al, 1993). A variety of treatments used in this study were injurious to TQ during summer months, except RZI and NT. Unacceptable TQ (<7) was observed with CST on the 'Crenshaw' cultivar experiment throughout 
the experiment's duration. Injury also occurred 
with DHT treatments, reducing TQ to 7. Other 
treatments reducing TQ at 7 DAT compared to the untreated were ST, CHT, and DST, however they were above the minimal acceptable level. TURF RENOVATION AUSTRALIA Tony Sinclair MOBILE 0417 614 794 FAX (03) 9786 5794 Ł SANTA ANA, WINTERGREEN AND LEGEND COUCHGRASS SOLD AS SOD OR STOLONS jj Ł CONSTRUCTION Ł RENOVATION Ł CONTRACT MAINTENANCE Table 4. Soil hardness as measured with a Clegg impact hammer and infiltration using a double-ring infiltrometer following differing cultivation methods on 'Crenshaw1 creeping bentgrass. TREATMENTS* i5PATt; Soil Hardness Infiltration cm h"1 30 PATt; Soil Hardness gŽ Infiltration cm h1 103.30 a 92.8 c 86.6 de 91.1 cd 80.8 f 83.4 ef 100.5 ab 95.1 be 172.8cd 166 2d 203.8abc 186.2bcd 214.9ab 229.8a 169.4d 227.4a 102.3 a 97.1 be 91.3 de 98.7 abc 84.0 f 86.5 ef 101.5 ab 95.9 cd 194.6c 197.3c 291 9ab 225.0bc 246.9bc 255.6bc 207.7c 217.1bc t Within DAT (Days after treatment) and variables, means followed by the same letter are not significantly different according to Fisher's LSD (0.05) test. * Treatment abbreviations: UNT-untreated, ST-star tine, CHT-conventional hollow tine, CST-conventional solid tine, DHT-deep hollow tine, DST-deep solid tine, RZI-root zone injector, and NT-needle tine. Similar trends were found on 'A-1' plots. Turf injury occurred at 7 DAT with ST, CHT, DST, DHT, and CHT, however, these were acceptable. At 14 days after treatment, CHT, DHT, DST, and CST again reduced TQ, but only unacceptable TQ followed DHT, DST, and CST treatments. At 21 days after treatment, DST, DHT, and CST, continued to reduce TQ, however only CST was unacceptable. Aggressive cultivation techniques, such as CST, CHT, DHT, and DST, accelerated heat and drought stress causing thinning and loss of overall quality. These treatments possibly caused turf 
desiccation and/or severe turf bruising. In 
contrast, non-aggressive treatments such as NT 
and RZI resulted in excellent TQ compared to 
other treatments because of the minimal surface and shoot disruption, thus possibly reducing turf damage and desiccation. Topdressing had no impact on any responses. CONCLUSIONS Short-term benefits of cultivation on plant and soil characteristics were seen with the use of various cultivation techniques. Overall, summer cultivation practices with most treatments improved soil gas levels, soil 
hardness, and water infiltration up to 30 DAT. Greatest impacts were evident with CHT, DHT, NT, and ST. Turf quality was impacted by cultivation treatments. Unacceptable TQ was found with DHT and CST treatments in both experiments at 14 DAT. Newer and less 
aggressive techniques such as RZI, ST, and NT did not reduce turf quality, with the RZI having limited impact on surface hardness, gases, and 
infiltration. Star tine and NT treatments decreased soil C02 and surface hardness, with NT also increasing water infiltration. The objective of summer cultivation is to open the 
soil for increased oxygen diffusion, water entry 
and short-term alleviation of surface hardness 
without turf injury. Best results were found with ST and NT treatments during summer months. Improved 
soil properties with no turf injury were 
achieved with these cultivation techniques, a Todd Bunnell and Bert McCarty are Researchers at the Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA REFERENCES Baker S. W.. and C. W. Richards. 1993. The effect of slit tine and hollow tine aeration on the performance of soccer pitches of five construction types. P. 430 436 In R. N. Carrow. N. E. Christians, R. C. Shearman (eds). International Turf grass Society Research lournal 7. Overland Park, KS. Bregar, M. J., and W. W. Moyer 1990. An automated system for field testing and soil impact analysis, p. 115-126. In R. C. Schmidt et al. (ed.) Natural and artificial playing fields; characteristics and safety features. ASTM STP 1073 ASTM. Philadelphia. PA. Canaway, P. M., S. P. Isaac and R. A. Bennett. 1986. The effects of mechanical treatments on the water infiltration rate of a sand playing surface for association football. J. Sports Turf Res. Inst 62:67-73. Cooper, R. J., and C. R. Skogley. 1981. An evaluation of several topdressing programs tor Agrostis palustris Huds. and Agrostis canma L. putting green turf. p. 129-136. In R. W Sheard (ed.) Proc. Fourth Int Turf. Res. Conf. Cuelph, ON. 19-23 July 1981. Univ. of Cuelph and ITS, Cuelph, ON.Engel. R. E. 1951. Studies of turf cultivation and related subjects. Ph.D diss. Rutgers Univ., New Brunswick, NJ (Diss. Abstr. ADD W1951). Engel. R. E., and R. B. Alderfer. 1967. The effect of cultivabon, topdressing, lime, nitrogen, and wetting agent on thatch development in _-inch bentgrass over a ten year period. N. J. Agr. Expt Stn. Bui. 818 p. 32-48. Lush, W. M. 1985. Objective assessment of turf cricket pitches using an impact hammer. J. Sports Turf Res. Inst 61:71-79. McCarty, L. B. 2001. Best Coif Course Management Practices. Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle Rive. N. J. p. 328 Murphy. J. A.. P. E. Rieke, and A. E. Eridcson. 1993. Core culbvabon of a putting green with hollow and solid tines. Agron. J. 85:1-9. Petrovic A M. 1979. The effects of vertical operating hollow tine (VOHT) cultivation on turf grass soil structure. Ph.D. diss. Michigan State Univ.. East Lansing Michigan (Diss. Abstr. ADC80-06178). Reike, P. E. and J. A. Murphy. 1989. Advances in turf cultivabon. p. 49-54 In H. Takatoh (ed). Proc. Fourth Int Turf. Res. Conf. Tokyo. Japan. 31 July - 5 August. Japanese Turfgrass Society, Tokyo. Japan Rogers, J. N. Ill and D. V. Waddington. 1992. Impact absorpbon characteristics on turf and soil surfaces. Agron. J. 84:203-209. United States Coif Association Creen Section Staff. 1993. USCA recommendabons for a method of putting green construction. The 1993 Revision. USCA Creen Section Record 31(2):1-3. Wiecko. C. R.. R. N. Carrow. and K. J. Karnok. 1993. Turfgrass culbvabon methods: influence on soil physical, root/shoot and water relabonships. p. 451-457 In R. N. Carrow. N. E. Chrisbans, R. C. Shearman (eds). Internabonal Turfgrass Society Research Journal 7. Overland Park, KS. g PLATEAU Plateau couch offers you; Reduced mowing frequency of at least 50% Scalp free mowing, even during peak growth Proven turf quality in warm shade down to 50% of full sun High wear tolerance and rapid divot recovery Unsurpassed sod strength Deep green colour ^ pR] Anco Seed & Turf. Ph. (03) 9799 1370, fax (03) 9799 2150, mobile 0418 551 924 Billabong Turf. Ph. (02) 4578 4255, fax (02) 4578 2183, mobile 0414 605 838 Fairway Turf & Lawn Supplies. Ph & fax (02) 4572 6002 mobile 0416 066 416 GROWERS AND DISTRIBUTORS: Cleveland Turf Supplies. Ph (07) 3206 4286, fax (07) 3206 4003, mobile 0419 676 615 Hicks Instant Turf. Ph (08) 8258 2488, fax (08) 8283 0520, mobile 0414 557 714. West Coast Turf, Ph & fax (08) 9575 7520, mobile 0428 928 309 Ł '^«Sppp 360 Degrees of Gree iiiTi Citron Nuturf Introduces the 'firsTurf range 
of liquid fertilisers utilising the revolutionary Triazone Nitrogen and Potassium thiosulphate technology. Triazone Nitrogen Technology - Improved Nitrogen absorption. - Predictable turf response. - Excellent foliar and root uptake. 
- Compatible with most other products. - Excellent turf safety. Potassium Thiosulphate - Completely soluble potassium and sulphur. - Foliar & root uptake. - Immediate plant utilisation. - Excellent for improving turf stress tollerance For more information or to place an order contact your local Nuturf Territory Manager or call freecall 1800 631 008 m : - «sä I ; - Ł "* c > firs I urf is .i LIQUID FERTILIZERS Although the Australian Davis Cup Team fell short of achieving victory over the French in this months historic final, the week was a huge success for Tennis Australia and Melbourne based innovators, StrathAyr Turf Systems who together formed a partnership to bring grass court tennis to the Rod Laver Arena. Constructed last March in modules* and established under glass house conditions for much of the winter, 18 semi trailer loads transported the 160 modules from StrathAyr's Seymour property over four days commencing on Monday 12th November to create a 
temporary grass surface at Melbourne's Rod Laver Arena. Prepared and maintained in-situ, the court was ready for a 'bruising' practice schedule that 160 modules were brought into Rod Laver Arena to create the grass surface commenced on Monday 26th November then hosted five tough Davis Cup rubbers that resulted in a 3-2 victory to a French side spurred on by a small but vocal band of 
supporters. Understandably, the court was clearly worn by the final matches but the court held together 
well and provided a great surface. StrathAyr have attracted their fair share of criticism over the last 24 months but this couldn't have gone better. *The modules include a metal drainage base (manufactured by Preston Engineering), loam soil and Legend couchgrass. The soil is 1500mm deep and is reinforced with Re Flex mesh elements. Each module is 2Am x 2.4m (6m2), 200mm deep, and weighs 1.7 tonnes, a Melbourne based ASPAC Golf and Turf announce the appointment of Mr Steve Lewis as company sales manager. Mr Lewis has over 20 years hands on experience in the turf industry, both in a mechanical and sales capacity, and will assist in managing the companies growth in Victoria with its range of wholegoods, hire equipment 
and will fit parts. Future expansion into 
Southern NSW and the ACT is planned. Mr Lewis will be continuing with the high quality cylinder grinding service that many Melbourne based clients acknowledge as the best in the industry. Anyone wishing to contact Mr Lewis can call him on 0419 009 234, 03 9796 4254, or faxed on 03 9708 6702. A UNDULATIONS OR No Belts No Pulleys No Problems .in,ModelRD130 closed! Recycli"y Dresser RENOVATIONS No Cost Soil a One Pass Result lYUuioeim't) lYIovy Pty (Vcd 264 McKee Road Theresa Park NSW 2570 Australia Ph 02 4651 2229 Email infoia manmow.com Fax 02 4651 2626 BREAKIN AT TEXTRON On the night of Sunday 25th November, the main wharewhare facility for Textron Turfcare in Sydney was raided by thieves who made away with equipment worth $250,000 which included the following items: Ransoms 728/72" O/F Rotary 4WD S/N 946706 0734 Ransoms 728/72" O/F Rotary 4WD S/N 946716 0229 Jacobsen GKIV + Greensking (D) Greens Mower S/N 62289 02266 Jacobsen GKIV + Greensking (D) Greens Mower S/N 62289 02281 Jacobsen GKIV + Greensking (D) Greens Mower S/N 62289 02269 Jacobsen GKIV + Greensking (D) Greens Mower S/N 62289 02284 Ryan Mataway Aerator (S/P) 544283A S/N LM 9800 Ryan Lawnaire IV Aerator (S/P) 544863B S/N 509475 Ryan Ren-O-Thin IV Dethatcher (S/P) 544865B S/N 509088 Also taken was an Isuzu 250 Tray Truck, white, drop down ramps, Chassis No. JAAN PR71 LX71020P5, Engine # 4HG1706376, Registration # WOZ 257 Anyone with any information on the above should contact Textron Turfcare on 02 9724 0344. Ł « f I à m Ki ilfl __ i r I ^ Basamid is an innovative soil fumigant for use in turf renovation. 
Basamid has a unique granular formulation which gets to where it's needed to control Poa annua and other unwanted turf stands 
and weeds. For more information, contact: R&R Fumigation Services Tel: (03) 9720 9099 Fax: (03) 9729 0273 Basamid The AGCSA and John Deere teamed up to provide Course Quality Officials at the Holden Australian Open at the Grand Golf Club in November. Stuart Appleby, winner of this years' Holden Australian Open made a special effort to thank the Course Quality Officials and was quick to praise the condition of The Grand and 
the groundstaff headed by Course Superintendent, Rodney Cook. This was the sixth consecutive year that the AGCSA has provided Course Quality Officials and the first year that John Deere has sponsored the AGCSA 
at the event. Greg Clark, Manager Golf and Turf stated that John Deere was "proud to be associated with the AGCSA and the Holden Australian Open," and added that," John Deere is committed to assisting the AGCSA in promoting the profession of turf management." Over 65 volunteers from all around Australia took part in the CQO program, which sees a 
volunteer paired with each group to repair divot marks and bunkers. The CQO program provides a valuable opportunity for groundstaff in particular to see a premier golf course in tournament condition. The CQO marquee at 
the open has now become a focal point for Golf Course Superintendents and staff during the Open. The AGCSA is proud to have the support of John Deere for this important event in the AGCSA's calendar, m. Crumb Rubber Top-Dressing For years turf managers have sought a solution and an effective product to use on high-wear areas Applications Rubber crumb Top-Dressing is simple to apply using standard Top-Dressing equipment or by hand. Requires two or three applications, up to a desired 20mm for heavy wear so the rubber stays around the crown. Advantages Rubber Crumb Top-Dressing provides a cushion between the turf grass and the soil, protecting the root zone. Ł Reduces turf grass wear. 
Ł Lessens re-seeding costs. Ł Provides warmth for more rapid growth. Ł Conserves water. Ł Reduces soil compaction. One-time solution for wear resistant turf. Ideal for Golf Courses, Athletic Fields and Parklands. enture^ RUBBERS Quality Products from Recycled Rubber AFTER (August) Well re-established turf growth after crumb rubber top dressing treat-ment of "Crown III" even after being applied during the winter months. 67 Miguel Rd, Bibra Lake, Perth, WA 6163 TOLLFREE - 1800 676 211 Ph (08) 9418 8144 Fax (08) 9418 8174 E-mail: info@entyrerubber.com.au Website: www.entyrerubber.com.au L A All varieties of high quality nursery grown turf 25 Years Experience Complete Laying Service Max-roll Specialist Unequalled in Turf Production Largest Specialised Delivery Fleet with Transportable Forklifts Patented ST85 Soft Leafed Buffalo Patented CT2 Couch Santa Ana Couch "BAyr Root" Turf (02) 4578 1013 FAX (02) 4578 2364 532 CORNWALLIS ROAD, WINDSOR JOHN DEERE TEAM CHAMPIONSHIP AUSTRALIAN FINAL A RESOUNDING SUCCESS On Wednesday and Thursday the 3rd and 4th of October, the finalists from dealer-run John Deere Team Championship events made their way to Queensland to compete for the ultimate prize - the chance to play in the John Deere World Team Championship event to be held in November at Grayhawk Golf Course in Scottsdale, Arizona. Teams arrived early and met at John Deere Head office for a welcome presentation and brief tour of the facility. Immediately following lunch, 
teams were bused to the Gold Coast, direct to The Glades for a practise round, after which everybody was transferred to the Radisson Palm Meadows Resort to get ready for dinner. Pre-dinner drinks on the terrace overlooking the 
pool, were followed by a three-course meal, during which Chuck Greif, Golf & Turf Division Worldwide Market development and International sales Manager gave a brief overview of the history of the John Deere Team Championship in the USA. Mark Couchman, President of the AGCSA spoke briefly about the appreciation of the AGCSA for John Deere's 
support of the industry through its donation of US$25 for every team that competed at the local level. Paul Bevan, facility Manager from The Glades discussed the history of the Club, and Chief Agronomist, Colin Thorsborne talked 
about the layout, format, and nature of the 
course itself. Thursday began with breakfast at 6am, and everyone made it to the bus for a 7am 
departure for The Glades. After a little practice time, competitors made their way out onto the course for a shotgun start. Teams came in at 
around 12.30pm where everyone enjoyed a BBQ lunch, and the presentations were made. Winning teams were as follows: Everybody thoroughly enjoyed themselves, and the day was considered an enormous success with all teams vowing to compete again next year. John Deere would like to thank all teams who competed in the first John Deere Team 
Championship event ever to be held in Australia. A big thank-you also to the Clubhouse and maintenance staff from The Glades Golf Club for their assistance in running the Australian final, without whom it would not have been possible. For information on how to compete in next years event, please see your local John Deere Golf & Turf dealer, A 1st Place Logan City Golf Club, QLD 2nd Place Tallwoods Golf Club, NSW 3rd Place Lake Karrinyup Country Club, WA Longest Drive on the 15th hole Peter Ingram from Gold Creek Country Club Straightest Drive on 8th hole Shane Casley from Mooroopna Golf Club Nearest the Pin on the 3rd hole John Woodsell from Mooroopna Golf Club Nearest the Pin on the 5th hole Peter Fielding from Mooroopna Golf Club Nearest the Pin on the 17th hole Steve Drummond from Lo§an City wPYTHI VM... PTOfLAKIT Umm COLIN CAMPBELL (CHEMICALS)P/L PH: (02) 9725 2544 FAX (02) 9604 7768 Website: www.campbellchemicals.com.au Email cccsydía campbellchemicals.com.au Propini it Ł rrgitlrrrd trademark of ( himac - Agriphar Belgium turf management courses for 2002 NMIT is offering the folowing courses: Ł Diploma by on or off campus (correspondence) study. This qualification is now accessible for country and interstate students by the off-campus mode. Ł Apprenticeship Level 3 Training by Day or Block Release. The students receive practical training on our excellent turf facilities which includes the 9 hole public golf course we maintain. Ł Recreational Turf Management Certificate a one year part-time program for those with several years practical experience by on or off campus. Ł Certificate II Traineeship a one year part-time block release For further information contact: NMIT- Horticultural Campus 99A Oak Street, Parkville Vic 3052 Phone (03) 9269 8800 Northern Melbourne Institute of TAFE ^ ^ ^nmit ^^^ www.nmit.vic.edu.au TOUGH PUTT! ( OLD NEWS BUT AWESOME PHOTOGRAPH ) On Sunday the 29th of July the Joondalup Golf Course and surrounding suburbs experienced 160mm of rain during a 6 hour period from 4.30pm - 10.30pm. According to local records this was a one in one hundred year event. As you can see by our annual rainfall chart 10-20mm is generally regarded as 
a normal amount for this time of year. The erosion to the 5th Quarry green 
as seen in the picture was a result of a large quantity of surface water, which shed off the 5th Quarry fairway 
draining to the lowest point, the right hand side of the green down into the 
bottom of the quarry. With the green obviously out of play a temporary green was utilised closer to the tee. During the following week a 30 tonne excavator was used to break up a heap of limestone rock in the bottom of the 
quarry. This was then compacted into the eroded face along with eroded material at the bottom of the Quarry. Once this was completed the approach to the green was re-contoured to divert any future surface water. Approximately 100m2 of the green's surface was returfed using bentgrass from our nursery green allowing the 
green to be brought back into play 3 
weeks after the initial damage. We are still well down on our average annual rainfall of 880mm. So believe it or not we need a lot 
more rain, (but not all at once!), a 12.0% Liquid Humic Acid mmd u iimiBEM 10% Nitrogen, 13% Iron Who Says You Need a Million Dollar Budget To Upgrade Your Irrigation System? Televised tournaments have created high expectations. Players, club managers, greens committees - everyone wants a course that looks like Pebble Beach, but without the big expense. That's where Hunter Golf comes in. Hunter specializes in helping you upgrade your course with top-of-the-line retrofit equipment. And we're ready to work within your time frame - whether it's five months or five years. Switch out a few inefficient heads and replace them with reliable Hunter rotors. Add Hunter field controllers with a field maintenance radio...when your budget allows. Or install an easy-to-use Hunter central control system...in affordable stages. At Hunter Golf we offer an extensive, not expensive, range of options and the service to back it up. Call today for an on-course evaluation - we'll work out a realistic renovation plan that suits your site to a tee. Authorized Hunter Golf Distributors Hunter GOLF CONTROLLED SPRINKLER SUPPLIES National Free Call: 1800 806 323 Toll free fax: 1800 444 448 Adelaide: 08 8349 7533 Gold Coast: 07 5591 5255 Melbourne: 03 9457 7500 Perth: 08 9345 4166 Sydney: 02 9630 3234 JJD fwV PRODUCTS HR PRODUCTS National Free Call: 1800 998 037 WST Toll free fax: 1800 651 680 Adelaide: 08 8341 0008 Brisbane: 07 3290 1200 Melbourne: 03 9532 2224 
Newcastle: 0418 292 769 Perth: 08 9455 1677 Sydney: 02 9725 5733 Townsville: 0418 742 144 8 The Parade West, Kent Town, SA 5067 Ł Toll free: 1800 811370 Ł Toll free fax: 1800 801737 Ł www.HunterIndustries.com Knew products TWO NEW MACHINES FOR HYDRO TURF Ł PATON FERTILIZERS AAULTIAGRI RANGE Ł HYDROFLO L Paton fertilizers new multiagri range is the best of both Worlds in plant nutrition. Offering a combination of Conventional/regular fertilizers 
and controlled release fertilizers. Only premium raw ingredients and polymer coated 3-4 month controlled release fertilizers are combined to offer 50% of the nitrogen and 
50% of the potassium in a controlled situation. Therefore providing both the nitrogen and potassium over a 3-4 month period. There are 5 multiagri blend choices in the range and all contain complete trace elements. Multiagri 12 - contains higher potassium for flowering and fruiting plants Multiagri 17 - contains higher nitrogen for strong leaf growth Multiagri 18 - contains a balanced nitrogen to potassium ratio with additional iron. Excellent for turf, parks, lawn and australian native plants Multiagri 20 - contains a balanced n:p:k and is ideal for landscaping situations, establishment and maintenance of gardens Multiagri 24 - contains higher nitrogen and iron for spring and summer needs with turf, 
parks, lawns and australian native plants Whatever you are looking for in plant nutrition paton fertilizers multiagri range will suit your needs at a competitive price. Over the last 11 years, Hydro Turf has gained valuable experience in the operation and application of the Toro Hydro Ject, covering NSW, SA, VIC & OLD. In addition, they offer a 2-rig service, which enables a golf course to be aerated in one day. They now have two new Hydro Jects which enables Hydro Turf to continue to provide premium performance, usually delivering depths to 200mm (8"). Their own evidence shows that 
this depth for new root growth is achieved 
within two weeks. The Hydro Ject is 
traditionally used shortly after renovation but, more recently, there is a trend to use this service as part of a renovation process. For further 
details please visit Hydro Turf's website: 
www.hydro-turf.com.au or contact Wally Bowkun on 0412 834 751. Hydraflo L From the makers of leading controlled release technologies such as Osmocote, Contec and Poly S, comes Hydraflo L - a unique technology that is best described as a controlled release 
wetting agent. The active ingredient in Hydraflo is characterised by its reliable performance, plant safety and long term performance. SPORTS TURF DRAINERS & CONSTRUCTION SPECIALISTS SLIT DRAINAGE SAND GROOVING LASER LEVELLING/GRADING 
USER CONTROLLED TRENCHING TURF DRAIN AUSTRALIA Bob Paddison Phone: Fax: Mobile: Email: Website: (02) 9652 2208 
(02) 9652 2209 0418 261 089 
turfdrain @ bigpond.com www.turfdrain.com.au products By combining just enough short chain polymeric wetters with Hydraflo's exclusive long-term polymeric compounds, immediate wetting is apparent, along with the long-term activity that most soil wetters lack. Low technology soil wetters use simple detergent chemistry that does more harm than good to the 
soil environment. These wetting agents are 
environmental pollutants that are easily leached from soil, and like a detergent they wash the goodness from the root zone on their way 
through. Due to it's no leaching chemistry, Hydraflo's long chain polymeric wetter works to keep the goodness in the soil, balancing air and water by freeing soil pores spaces. Hydraflo L can be applied as a blanket treatment once a season at higher rates of application. Spot treatment is also made easy with Hydraflo II, Scotts granular soil wetting agent formulation. For more information, contact the technical sales representative from your selected Scotts distributor: Evans Turf (NZ), Globe, Maxwell and Kemp, Southern Turf Specialists, Turf and Irrigation) . TOP DRESSER - TERRA TOP 400 Turf Link Australia announce the release of the Terra 
Top 400 top dresser, manufactured in Germany. The Terra Top 400 was designed to cater for golf courses and contractors involved in green renovations and scheduled maintenance practices. The TT400 is a robust tractor mounted 3 point hitch (standard) or trailed (optioned) Top Dresser which is ideally suited for fine turf applications. The PTO driven feeder delivers top 
dressing material through a simple mechanical 
gate which meters the application rate to a rotary brush which ensures even distribution and direct placement. The hopper has been designed to cope with wet materials, a heavy duty agitator combined 
with a steep sided hopper ensures that the hopper empties effeciently. A mesh screen is fitted to the top of the hopper and also acts as a safety guard. Options include hopper extension kit increasing capacity to 0.8 cubic meter, hydraulic meter gate to regulate application rates and adjustable draw bar four low ground pressure tyres on floating axles. The TT400 is available for demonstrations and for further infomation please contact: Mike Pauna at Turf Link Australia Pty Ltd, ph: 0414 821 694. JACOBSEN LF-2500 LIGHTWEIGHT FAIRWAY AAOWER The LF-2500 lightweight fairway mower pampers turf and delivers a precision, 98-inch-wide cut with its classic now Jacobsen reels. It's light enough to leave virtually no footprint. Five steerable cutting reel unit sclosely follow ground 
contours and "float" to prevent scalping. Wide, high-flotation tires increase traction on steep slopes and reduce compaction. For a smooth, professional finish, 22-inch 
counterbalanced reels provide consistent, even 
cutting performance. While gentle on turf, the LF-2500 is very productive thanks to a 31-
horsepower Kubota diesel engine, a 98-inch cutting width and a 7.5-mph mowing speed, contact Textron Turfcare: 02 9724 0344 A M» > n <v5i r Tyflo irrigation cable from Tycab ensures accurate, efficient and economical control of sporting and agricultural irrigation systems. All around Australia, you'll find Tyflo at work on fairways and putting greens, racecourses, cricket and football fields, bowling greens and at most of our leading orchards. Tyflo irrigation cable features: Multi-strand copper conductors PVC sheaths for moisture resistance, flexibility and easy installation HDPE core insulation to resist abrasion in direct burial applications Exclusive sealing system So, when you want championship results, specify the championship irrigation cable. Tyflo from Tycab. TYCAB AUSTRALIA History Shows our Quality. Sales Offices - Victoria (03) 9706 9770 NSW (02) 9772 2599 OLD (07) 3713 7700 SA (08) 8244 5777 WA (08) 9353 1788 Factory (03) 9791 7988 Fax: (03) 9794 0031 Int. Fax (613) 9794 0031 New Zeoland (09) 636 9891 Tyflo cable is proudly made in Australia www.tycob.com.au dOBookshop* A practical guide to Ecological Management of Turfgrass Diseases $209.00 Management on the Golf Course $60.50 Managing Wildlife Habitat on Golf Courses $104.50 A New Tree biology & Dictionary (Two book set) $170.50 Masters of the Links $60.50 Arborculture 3rd Edition $115.50 Manual of Grasses $99.00 Arboriculture $99.00 Modern Arboriculture $141.90 Australian Weed Control Handbook: Tenth Edition $77.00 Native Australian Plants: Horticulture & Uses $77.00 Best Golf Course Management Practices $209.00 Native Plants of the Sydney District $88.00 Biological Control of Weeds $44.00 Natural Turf for Sport & Amenity $121.00 Bird Conservation on Golf Courses $66.00 Noxious Weeds of Australia $220.00 Birdwatcher's Guide to the Sydney Region $24.20 Noxious Weeds of Victoria $55.00 Color Atlas of Turfgrass Diseases $187.00 Nursery & Landscape Weed Control Manual $88.00 Color Atlas of Turf Weeds $187.00 Organic Control of weeds $17.60 Compendium of Turfgrass Diseases $104.50 Practical Golf Course Maintenance $115.50 Confidential Guide to Golf Courses $110.00 Practical Greenkeeping $181.50 Controlling Turfgrass Pests $220.00 Rough Meditations (HB) $65.50 Cricket Grounds $132.00 Salt-Affected Turfgrass Sites: Assessment & Management $152.90 Creeping Bentgrass Management $127.05 Sands for Sports Turf Construction & Maintenance $55.00 Crop Weeds $71.50 Seashore Paspalum $148.50 CSIRO Handbook of Australian Weeds $55.00 Simplified Irrigation Design $99.00 Destructive Turf Insect $155.00 Sports Fields $170.50 Destructive Turfgrass Insect: Biology, Diagnosis & Pests $163.90 Sports Grounds & Turf Wickets $33.00 Disease, Insect & Weed Control in Turf $65.45 Sports Turf: Science, Construction & Maintenance $159.50 Diseases of Turf grasses $264.00 Spotting Soil Salting $27.50 Drainage for Sportsturf and Horticulture $38.50 Superintendents Handbook of Financial Management $88.00 Effluent Water for Turfgrass irrigation (leaflet) $5.50 The Care of the Golf Course $104.50 Encyclopaedia of Australian plants Vol 1 $99.00 The Committed to Green Handbook for Golf Courses $33.00 Encyclopaedia of Australian plants Vol 2 $143.00 The Complete Handbook of Pruning $29.70 Encyclopaedia of Australian plants Vol 4 $143.00 The Golden Age of Golf Design $148.50 Encyclopaedia of Australian plants Vol 5 $143.00 The Golf Course- planning, design, cons and maintenance $148.50 Encyclopaedia of Australian plants Vol 6 $143.00 The Life & Work of Dr. Alster Mackenzie $135.00 Encyclopaedia of Australian plants Vol 7 $143.00 The Links $132.00 Fertilisers for Turf $49.50 The Mathematics of Turfgrass Maintenance $88.00 Field Guide to Eucalyptus $99.00 The Sand Putting Green: Construction & Field Guide to Eucalyptus Vol2-S.W. & S. Australia $104.50 Management (leaflet) $19.80 Field guide to Eucalyptus Vol3 N. Australia $170.50 The Spirit of St. Andrews $71.50 Field Guide to weeds in Australia $82.50 The Turfgrass Disease Handbook $121.00 Flora of NSW Volume 3 $108.90 Tree Anatomy $198.00 Flora of NSW Volume 4 $143.00 Tree Basics $16.50 Fundamentals of Turfgrass Management $121.00 Tree Maintenance Sixth Edition $115.50 Fundamentals of Weed Science $148.50 Tree, Turf Ornamental Pesticide Guide $66.00 GC Irrigation System Design and Drainage $170.50 Trees-Contributions to Modern Tree Physiology $275.00 Golf Architecture $88.00 Turf Management For Golf Courses $297.00 Golf Course Architecture: Design, Construction & R $170.50 Turf Irrigation Manual $137.50 Golf Course Constr, Renov and Grow In $132.00 Turf Spraying - A Practical Guide $27.50 Golf Course Design $188.75 Turf Weeds and their Control (HB) $185.90 Golf Course Management & Construction $231.00 Turfgrass Diseases and Associated Disorders $71.50 Golf Course Tree Management $108.90 Turfgrass Management $192.50 Golf Courses of Australia Software $85.75 Turfgrass Management Reduction Handbook $132.00 Golf Facility Planning $170.50 Turfgrass Patch Diseases $104.50 Golf Has Never Failed Me $66.00 Turfgrass Water Conservation $47.20 Grasses $24.20 Turfgrass: Agronomy Monograph 32 $132.00 Grasses of New South Wales $39.60 Turfgrass: Science & Culture $176.00 Growing Australian Native Plants from Seed $24.20 Turf Management for Golf Courses $300.00 Growing Media for Ornamental Plants and Turf $55.00 Wastewater Reuse for Golf Course Irrigation $198.00 Guide to Golf Course Irrigation Systems Design Waterplants in Australia $49.50 & Drainage $170.50 Waterplants in New South Wales $38.50 Handbook of IPM for Turf & Ornamentals $231.00 Weeds an Illustrated Guide to Weeds of Australia $115.50 Human Resource Management for Golf Course Weeds in Australia $82.50 Superintendents $88.00 IPM Handbook for Golf Courses $137.50 VIDEO International Turf Management Handbook $209.00 Golf Course Maintenance for the Environment Links Golf - The Inside Story $60.50 - A Strategic Approach $110.00 Please note: All prices include GST. Prices are subject to change without notice. MM ŁHHHHl book review Noxious Weeds of Australia by W.T.Parsons & E.G.Cuthbertson John Neylan Even though the Internet has become such a big part of our lives and the perception that it will be our primary source of information, I must admit that I am 
still an unashamed book lover. There is nothing like the feel of a book, flicking through the pages and grabbing it off the 
shelf when in search for information. While the Internet at present provides grabs of information it can be a very convoluted route to find the relevant information. Well written 
and research books provide most of the information on any given topic and by using the index will quickly provide the required information and solution to a problem. I have been given this book to review and I will be rapt to place them on my bookshelf. NOXIOUS WEEDS OF AUSTRALIA: Noxious weeds of Australia is written by two of Australia's foremost weed experts. It was first published in 1992 and has been out of print since 1996. This edition is not a complete revision, however, there is updated information on the proclaimed 
noxious weeds and the legal requirements for their control in each state. There is 
also updated information on the 
appropriate control measures. Most golf courses as well as many other large facilities have non-turf areas that need to be appropriately managed. It is in these areas that proclaimed weeds can become 
established and a source of ongoing infestation. It is a legal requirement that these weeds be controlled. Noxious weeds of Australia contains information on over 200 species, including descriptions, life cycle, habitat and maps of 
their occurrence. It is very will illustrated with colour photographs and illustrations. I strongly recommend that any turf manager interested in weed control 
purchase this excellent reference, a Please add postage ($9.90 for the first book, Each additional book $1.10 per book) I enclose my cheque/money order made payable to the AGCSA, or Please charge this purchase to my credit card account Bankcard/MasterCard/Visa Card Number: Expiry Date: / Cardholder Name: Address: Signature: Send completed order form and payments to: AGCSA Level 1,19 Railway Parade North Glen Waverley, 3150 Phone: (03)9886-6200 Fax: (03)9886-6400 
Email: info@agcsa.com.au Noxious Weeds Australia 0 CCSAQ I Merry Christmas one and all and best wishes for a safe and happy festive season. The year rolls on out and before you can blink the new one is already lining up ahead of you. In Queensland we have endured a long dry spring with a few isolated heavy rain patches to keep some colour in the grass. The John Deere International Teams Challenge went very well at the Glades Golf Club over 2 days with some great organisation, a fabulous venue and a magnificently presented golf course testing the skills of teams from around the country. Colin Thorsborne, the Glades chief agronomist, really did a great job setting up a very testing course. Eventual winners were the team from Logan Golf Club, Qld with Tallwoods Golf Club NSW and Lake Karrinyup Country Cub in WA filling the places. Congratulations to all involved. Greg Clarke and the John Deere Organisation are to be commended on a well-run event that really opened up some 
eyes over the course of events to the role the superintendent actually plays in a golf club. Kelly Hyland from Royal Queensland Golf Club and Rod Cook from the Grand Golf Club are recovering from the Australian PGA 
Championship and The Australian Open respectively. Congratulations on a job well done. Also, well done to all those Course 
Quality Officials who did such a sterling job 
at the Open. It has become a tradition of its 
own and is certainly a great way to see the course from the players point of view inside 
the ropes. In November we also had the Turf and 
Irrigation sponsored field day featuring Terry Woodcock speaking on a variety of turf related subjects at Southport Golf Club. This was a well-attended and informative session with the usual Southport Golf Club high standard of service in evidence. Thanks go to Turf and Irrigation for sponsoring the day and providing an opportunity to wish retiring 'sales guru' Barry Harkin all the best for his future though I am pretty sure he won't stay still for long. Barry came up to Queensland in 1993 and started up Turf and Irrigation Pty Ltd virtually out of the back of a ute. He has provided Superintendents of South East Queensland with a valuable service and built T&l into a strong player in the turf supply market. Barry didn't let the 
side down after the educational session by 
shooting a score in the low to mid hundreds just to prove his annual Bradman's trophy win was no fluke. The gala event of the spring was the Annual Queensland Golf Industry Awards at which the PGA, QGU, Womens Golf Queensland, Secretary Managers Association and the Queensland Golf Course Superintendents Association presented awards to high achievers in our industry. This years event 
was held in Brisbane at The Greek Golf Club 
on a beautiful balmy night. The Golf Turf Apprentice of the year was awarded to Mr 
Angus Mahoney of the Brisbane Golf Club, 
the Superintendents Environmental Award The Soil Reliever, Model 54 Deep Ventional Aerifier for greens. Fast, efficient, smooth, and will operate on a Cushman Truckster, a Toro Workman or a small tractor. There are deep tine aerifiers and conventional aerifiers, now you have both with the Soil Reliever 54. Use the 5/16"x9"solid tines to aerify your greens anytime, without disruption in play. Other solid tines available are 3/8x10", 112x10", coring tines available are 5/8x7" 3/4x10". Aerify any depth to 10" with the Soil Reliever 54 "deepventional" aerator. Operates on any mini tractor from 16 h.p up to 30h.p. For a demonstration call BHM Machinery at (07) 3287 3877. For more information contact BHM MACHINERY 26 OLD PACIFIC HWY, YATALA 4207 PH: (07) 3287 3877, FAX: (07) 3287 3977 "Breathin'aWhole Lot Easier!" was won by Mr Andrew Baker of Sanctuary Cove (also this years AGCSA Claude Crockford Environmental Award Winner). The turf industry company of the year was awarded to Barry Harkins' T&l Pty Ltd and the Superintendents Achievement Award was fittingly presented to Mr Rod Cook of the Grand Golf Club, a very popular and deserving choice. Once again it was a great night of awards, good food, catching up with 
people in the industry and some outstanding entertainment especially from Sergio Garcia's Sports Psychiatrist and the table centers were a work of art, not to mention Rod's 
controversial speech! Another well-attended and important Spring 
function was the launch of the Queensland Turfgrass Foundation at the Redlands DPI research station. This group has been established 
by a cross industry steering committee with the aim of promoting turfgrass research and 
education in Queensland by creating greater 
awareness of the benefits of these activities. It is also intended to serve as a focus for raising money to support these activities. The program for the day included talks by Keith McAuliffe, Don Loch and the Hon. 
Henry Palaszczuk MP Minister for Primary Industries QLD. This was followed by a tour of the facilities with plots dedicated to Water Use studies, Turf Varieties and chemical testing. Any turf managers interested in playing a role in this foundation should contact Jon Penberthy on 0411 602 974. Finally to the Superintendents social event of the season, the Christmas Party at Wet & Wild. This year our sponsor was Scott's Fertilisers and it was great to see plenty of people support this much-anticipated 'Big Day Out' with the 
family. Once again the 'Superintendents Speed Slide Challenge' was underway. Results are yet to be announced as some of the lab results from the swabs have gone missing in mysterious circumstances. A full report in the next edition of ATM but once again breakfast was a highlight on the day 
thanks to head chef Richard James looking resplendent in his life saving outfit. Speedo's will do that for a man! Upcoming events are the February Fire Ants seminar and possibly a tour of the new Broadwater Golf Club at Springfield. All the best for Christmas Jon Penberthy President, GCSAQ NSWGCSA Since my last report very little rain has been recoded in most areas of NSW and 
many Superintendents find themselves under 
pressure with water supplies and water systems stretched already. We could be in for a long, hot summer? Those of us who attended the roving workshop at Ryde Parramatta Golf Club were 
all in agreement that the day was well run, 
and we left with the desire and knowledge of how to get more efficient use of the 24 hours per day and most importantly to find the 
balance between work, family and leisure. No doubt all Superintendents will be very busy in the coming months, however the 
presenter on the day really stressed the need for all of us not to become totally consumed by work alone (food for thought). The NSW Golf Association recently approached our Association seeking some 
assistance in providing some consultancy to a 
small golf course just west of the Blue Mountains, the initial contact has been made 
by "Bo" Boyd from Blackheath Golf Club who very generously gave up his time to help the "battling" club, many thanks "Bo". Mini-Needle Tines for Verti-Drain Mini-Needle tines (dia 5mm) are ideal to use one week before a tournament of golf, or a few hours before a game of football. No surface damage is visible. They will ensure a totally uniform ball bounce over the whole green or playing field area. Please ask for your nearest dealer: Peter Ellis Tel.: (03) 9435 0955 Mobile: 0419 310 546 Fax: (03) 9435 0855 pjellis@pacific.net.au Redexim+ TTtm Owrterfiouse Breaking barriers to better turf. verti-drain@redexim.com http://www.redexim.com The EPA and the NSW Farmers Federation are at "loggerheads" over the proposed introduction of new legislation regarding the "NOTIFICATION OF NEIBOURING PROPERTIES"; this involves any application of a pesticide and could certainly change the present situation that governs our responsibilities. Both parties are seeking the support of the NSWGCSA which puts us in a difficult position. Anyone seeking more information on this very complex issue should contact the AGCSA, EPA, Farmers Federation or myself. The Board of the NSWGCSA has finalized our schedule of events for 2002, it will be a great 12-months of 'living and learning' so make a new years resolution and "get to more field days". Have a great Christmas and New Year. Martyn Black President, NSWGCSA GCSAWA Well, the warmer weather is here and renovation is alive and well in WA. Most supers are cleaning cobwebs from their scarifiers and coring machines in readiness for the usual Spring assault. This time of year I'm sure we all feel sorry for the poor golfer trying to hole his pressure four-foot putt 
across what resembles the rough side of a ryvita biscuit! A few courses here in WA have already 
started to feel the " knock on" effect of the September 11th tragedies. Bookings at many of the resort courses are down with overseas 
visitors reluctant to fly here to enjoy our golf 
courses. I'm sure it's the same story all 
around Australia. Round 9 of the John Deere Super Series was played at Sea View GC and host Super Owen Oberg presented the course in its usual 
superb condition. The proximity of Sea View to Cottesloe Beach also provided some added sights to enjoy. Mark Rodoreda produced "shot of the day" by managing to hit the Cottesloe Surf Club Clubhouse from the 6th 
tee, a cover drive Mark Waugh would have been proud of. Rob Macdonald, now 
relieved of his Presidential duties, stormed 
home with 22 points to win the day after predicting the result before teeing off! The final round and series finale was held at 
Joondalup on Melbourne Cup day. Rob Macdonald presented the course in pristine condition and gave us a taste of true championship golf. One of our "interstate impostors" Greg Clarke from John Deere 
burnt the course up with a fabulous 25 points to claim the day. I'm sure Clarky with 
his "handicap" was a great asset to the team 
representing Australia in the John Deere World Team Championship. The final results of this years Super Series is as follows: WINNER 2001 SUPER SERIES Jeff Austen - El Caballo Resort - 93 points Runner Up (again) Jeff Lane - Gosnells GC - 91 points 3rd Place Travis Baker - Marri Park GC - 90 points 4th Place Allan Devlin - Secret Harbour GC - 86 points TRADE CHAMPIONSHIP Dixie Joy - Christchurch Grammer - 92 points Runner Up Matthew Day - Nuturf - 91 points 3rd Place Frank Griffin - Australian Turf Ind. - 90 points 4th Place Andrew Newman - Tyco Flow Control 86 points Congratulations to all the winners and special thanks to John Deere and CJD Equipment for their continued support for this popular 
event... 2002 promises to be even better. The GCSAWA recently received a government grant of $19,800 from The Advisory Coucil on Waste Management. This was one of 15 successful grants awarded and is a reflection of the professional attitude of the association. Our involvement in this project can only enhance out pro-active reputation in this important environmental topic. This grant will fund a waste classification audit for golf courses in the Perth metropolitan area and record the amount and type of waste produced at these clubs. This will then be used to effectively measure waste reduction and recycling objectives. Congratulations to Matthew and Samantha Day on the safe arrival of their baby daughter, Ashleigh. As I keep telling you mate, with kids, the first 20 years are the worst!. The festive season will soon be upon us and I look forward to seeing all of you at our two Christmas functions. I wish all our state members and other AGCSA colleagues all the best for Christmas and a healthy and happy 2002. Please send us some rain! Allan Devlin President, GCSAWA i^Qk VGCSA ^^ In my last report I can remember writing about possible water restrictions being implemented in Victoria if we didn't experience decent spring rains. Well I'm happy to report good falls have been 
recorded during October and early November for most parts of the state, filling dams and hopefully averting the need for restrictions. The VGCSA's most recent meeting was held at the picturesque Heritage Golf Club on 
October the 15th. The theme for the day 
was "Greens Renovation Practices". I would like to thank all our guest speakers in Mick Russell, John Neylan, Phil Ford, David 
Nickson and Mark Gahan. A special thank you to Bill Walmsley from the New Zealand Sports Turf Institute who also spoke on the day. It is interesting to note that over the past eighteen months these educational type format meeting's have all been very popular 
and this meeting was no different with over 
seventy people in attendance. An integral part of these days is the course inspection which always generates plenty of discussion and our host Superintendent for the day, Sam Myott is to be congratulated on the condition of the course. With Christmas fast approaching our final meeting for the year, scheduled for December 10 at Patterson River Country Club has a stronger emphasis on social activities. The 
structure for the day will be similar to last 
year with golf available from 1.00 pm followed by dinner. Our guest speaker will be 
visiting American Mr. J Michael Henry from the University of California speaking on the 
California method of Greens Construction. VGCSA meeting venues for 2002 have all been finalized and are as follows (please note that these dates will be published on the 2002 ATM Yearly Wall Planner): February 11 - Monday Anglesea Golf Club April 29 - Monday (AGM)Metropolitan Golf Club July15 - Monday (Sec/ Man)Barwon Heads Golf Club August 19 - Monday Shepparaton Golf Club October 21 - Monday Flinders Golf Club December 9 - Monday Latrobe Golf Club Turf Research Golf Day Venue and date to be confirmed. In closing I would like to wish all readers a safe and happy Christmas and I would particularly like to thank all the VGCSA's sponsors for their support over the past twelve months. John Geary President, VGCSA **T\ SAGCSA With another year nearly gone and Christmas around the corner, I hope that everyone has had a good year and is 
enjoying the festive season. We have just held our annual Christmas picnic in the Belair National Park and yet another great day was had by all. Many thanks to Bryan, 
Colleen and the girls for all their efforts in 
organising the day. Our last S.A.G.C.S.A meeting was held at the Willunga golf course. This consisted of 9 holes of golf followed by a course inspection of the back nine and two newly constructed greens. After this John Cox, gave us a 
demonstration of the "Enviromist" spray systems and the three point linkage, quick hitch system. John also had on display a 
range of other products available from John Cox Agencies which included safety 
equipment. After lunch Paul Cameron (Assistant Superintendent, Willunga G.C) gave us a presentation on his recent trip to the United States. Paul worked at the Kingsmill Resort in Virginia and also at Twin 
Eagles Golf Club in Florida over the last year as part of his Rotary Internship he was awarded in late 1999. Well presented and 
well done Paul. After a year of unseasonal wet weather in 
Adelaide and suburbs where the rainfall was at least 3 to 5 inches above average and more so in the hills, we are all hoping for a 
milder summer compared to last years hot, dry season. Shawn Standfield President, SAGCSA TGAA (Vic) As we are well into the summer season the spring rain is continuing to cause preparation problems. We really need the rain but this weekend cycle is playing havoc with cricket competition. The soccer at the MCG verses France was excellent but the rain didn't help the spectacle. The new committee are mapping their action plans and preparing the coming years development. With new people on the committee comes new ideas and we are looking forward to Twilight Jazz at the Zoo early next year. A family affair with a talk on horticultural management techniques at the Zoo along with guided tours. Bring along the family, a picnic and enjoy the evening. Book in early for the turf conference in Brisbane in June. A general turf stream will 
be offered with a range of topics for all. The course in farm chemical use will be offered during the new year so any member itifp Responsible Sand, Soil & Stone Building, Hardware & Garden Supplies Major Australian producer of high quality sands, and aggregates, available for maintenance, renovation and construction to the 
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temperatures ever recorded for that month. Good rainfall during this early summer period was blessed by most green keepers with the exception of those of us attempting to encourage couch growth. Many golf course superintendents in the district are now breathing a little easier after the completion of final rounds in Club 
Championships & Open tournaments, they can now concentrate on maintaining their playing surfaces to a suitable playing standard during the unforgiving summer. Studying students and apprentices relieved to have the extended break over Christmas & New Year are soon to return to their classes. Students studying the Level 5 Certificate in Turf Management previously 
completed the unit Plant Products & Treatments & are currently studying Design 
of Irrigation & Drainage Systems. The Canberra Institute of Technology (CIT) is currently searching for outstanding 
students in their final year of turf management as prospective hopefuls for the 2002 Study Award. Those students 
who apply themselves have the 
opportunity to receive this prestigious 
award & win an expenses paid trip to the next AGCSA Turfgrass Conference. The AUSTEP seed trial located at the CIT 
Weston Campus is going well with assessment of sites to be recorded during the next 12 months. The Open day held 
on the 17th October was successful with 
an informative & productive discussion taking place. Another past get-together 
that went rather well was the annual Christmas party. A good time was had by all and it was a shame for those of you 
who missed out. An Up-date on some previously mentioned important dates: 19th February - Social Bowls evening & BBQ to be held at the Brumbies Sports & Social Club. 24th July - Mid-year Seminar, Turf nutrition. Keep you eyes out for the latest up to date information. Till next time, agrostologists. Justin A K Haslam Committee, TGAA (ACT & Surrounding Region) - TGCSA Report Our Association Welcomed John Neylan -AGCSA to our last seminar at Riverside Golf Club on 31st October. Although member support was down on average, John presented a very informative paper on: m ŁŁŁŁŁ i 18th Island green at ^^Kt M 79 «ZSfal Hidden Valley G&CC 8/6/2001. fl^BM^V ^ Ž "Building Golf Dreams" Client focussed: We build to plans, budgets, desires and dreams! Specialists: All construction methods and styles. Experienced: Large and small projects and budgets. Total construction packages through to individual plant hire rates. Experienced in Golf Course landscape constructions. Previous construction experience includes: Ł Heritage G&CC Ł Hidden Valley G&CC Eastwood GC Ł Medway GC Drouin G&CC Ł Patawalonga GC If your club is thinking of undertaking any course improvements please contact Densal to arrange an obligation FREE appraisal of your requirements. DENSAL Phone: (03) 5966 6251 Fax: (03) 5966 6451 36 Hazeldene Rd, Gladysdale, Victoria 3797 Email: chrisy@tpg.com.au Key Contacts: Chris Voung: 0417 380 298 Paul Reeves: 0419 895 939 or Mick O'Shannessy: 0409 231 385 R&R PRODUCTS, INC. QUALITY GOLF & TURF PARTS MANUFACTURER Over 15,000 Quality Replacement Parts Phone Now For Your Catalogue on 1300 363 004 ** 5% LESS OFFER** Obtain the best price from us or our competitors*, and we'll beat the price by 5% GUARANTEED! 'Identical items in stock Simply fax or post this ad to receive 5% discount! fV^n.f.'^ Proudly Distributed by: Roy Gripske & Sons Email: spares@rgs.com.au Web: www.rgs.com.au Offer Ends 31 December 2001. 1)Weed Lifecycles 2)Chemical and Biological Control 3)Mode of action The seminar was followed by a course walk with Riverside Golf Club Superintendent Greg Newton. Thanks to Greg and Riverside Golf Club for a great day. The Port Sorrell end of year Machinery - Industry Golf Day is shaping up to be the most successful day on our turf calendar, so don't miss out on some great trophies and giveaways. Results will be published in the next edition of ATM. Preliminary arrangements are under way to hold a turf seminar over 2-3 days in the New Year, 2002. The seminar will attract some quality guest speakers, 9 hole golf 
tournament and other fun activities. With the National Turfgrass Conference closing in quickly, now is the time to remind club managers and board directors of the importance of attending these extremely worthwhile events and don't miss our on the 
early bird savings. Our next event will be in February 2001, so watch out for more information on this event, jl Phil Hill TGCSA President ADVERTISERS INDEX Advertiser ACCSA AGCSATech 
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39 10 II 49 12 Ł Continuous, balanced supply of nitrogen and potassium for up to 4 months. Ł Polymer coated fertilizer (Multicote8) for steady release and reduced leaching. Ł Potassium derived from potassium nitrate (Multi-K®), the preferred source for fast uptake plus prevention and elimination of "black layer". GreenPower products are manufactured by Haifa Chemicals Ltd., the world's leading producer of potassium nitrate and other speciality fertilizers. The GreenPower range for professional turf management: quality controlled release N-P-K fertilizers, chlorine-free mini-prilled potassium nitrate. feeldj water soluble N-P-K fertilizers. humus-based active soil conditioner. THE GDDGOtKM® POWER FOR STRONGER, HEALTHIER AND FASTER TURF ^ Haifa Chemicals Ltd. Australian Agent MULTIFERT Agencies. RO. Box 687. Wembee Victoria 3030 Tel: (03) 9742 5888 Fax: (03) 9742 2122 Email: g5neral@multifeftoom.au Distributors: NSW-PATON FERTILIZERS 1800644 753 Ł QLD-GROW FORCE (07) 3875 9911 Ł SA-T-Ur* (08) 83761644 Ł VIC-Ourafte PtyUd(03) 9551 6756 www.multifert.com.au The Secret of Stronger Turf Multigreen controlled release fertilizer for stronger and healthier turf. JACOBSEN Bossen Head Office: 122 Hume Highway, Lansvale, NSW 2166. Phone: (02) 9724 0344 Fax: (02) 9724 5405 Victoria: 29 Gatwick Road, Bayswater, Vic. 3153. Phone (03) 9720 7622 Fax: (03) 9720 6801 Queensland: 11-13 Gibbs Street, Labrador, Old. 4215. Phone (07) 5537 7477 Fax: (07) 5537 9296 W.A. Distributor: Mcintosh & Son. Phone (08) 9478 2400 Tasmania Distributor: Tasmania Farm Equipment Pty Ltd. Northern Territory Distributor: CASE N.T. S.A. Distributor: Squiers Sales & Service. Darryl Squiers Phone: (08) 8390 3017 Rex Weston Phone: 1800 801 980 www. textronsolutions. com TEXTRON GOLF AND TURF PRODUCTS