A COMPARISON or HEALTH AND HEN-m *
CARE IN Two M‘CHIGAN' COMMUNmes '

M {at $0009.. of. M. A.
mm»; suns COLLEGE
Clarence“ Thomas Jan; __

' 1952‘ ' ' '

THESIS

0-169

 

This ll to certify that the
thesis entitled
"A Cmperieon of Health and Health
Care in 'No Michigan Camunitiee“

presented by

Clarence Thomas Jane

has been accepted towards fulfillment
of the requirements for

JnAa_degree in_Sminlngy & Anthrqaology

Major profe

Date “133‘" ”LL19 53

 

—-— v- -1.— v

 

 

I
_e --. !

I‘M-—

 

""

 

e
.I—l

 

 

.

~..
. u. .4...‘ V“
_.. Pain. 3. t, e
.1 C ..‘. ..

.o .T‘
_k.-.

D

.g-
.— .
t“ O
.0

 

Clarence Eliot‘rras ex

é‘l
7-4
,4
(D

.‘ -7. ,Y

-1 - 4.20....)

("J

tudiev of 11011112111

l" 1.1 '1'? ‘1 ,"1‘1'
‘J‘K’d-L _J" v. LLuJ-‘J

'l

UGPT‘Lr‘tVLGI'Zt of 00010103)" arr ImbairOjtgolo ff

,—

1932

.‘a .4 b‘5l5

‘1
\{x
\r

t I“ ‘\-:_\

'. l‘ _- ._ .-'!- 1'. ‘1 ‘ ‘.‘ ..]‘_“
Aulx- 1v idJJLlJ.) Luann lu

7117

lne author wishes to express his deep ajpreciation to Dr. Charles
P. Loomis for the opportunity to conduct this study as part of the
research program conducted by the Social Research Service axd for

his interest in the preparation of th's thesis.

Sincere thanks are due Dr. Charles R. Hoffer who as advisor
offered both supervision and encouragement throu;hout the prep-
aration of the thesis and to whom the results are herewith dedi-
cated.

Grateful acknowledguent is also due Dr. Duane L. Gibson for
his aid in the preparation of the thesis and to Dr. John F. Thaden
for his co-operation in making available certain data used in this
study.

The writer also is indebted to his wife Caroline for her aid

1

and interest in the preparation of this study.

3- ”“3509

r1! "x.1'*.': I T" '1 "‘ w 1"." ‘
\J --¢; ~\_L.L .1..- ;-u.\_--er / - 2"--

“ ‘ “I >I 'v
', 4‘ no 1)'*II-J hr‘~~._ A" ' ” ‘r.
-u1-g-e and acute or eye “sung

."\ '. 7 ' -.-. A ‘ " In 4th,) "\,]“..x.‘ _L
.L ;Le‘fl'.‘.;'.“J -.J_: 98. DCLJ.}',-‘. :..€:'.._LU!1 JUN.“

."l‘ ‘. ‘z‘ 11 '1 ' t {1 ‘ "‘ " 1’?‘ u I 1 V'V ""3
: ' _ ~ . ‘ ‘. ‘,
‘47. L). l Ly 4.‘-_J 4--.. L". 4....L‘Ja ...J.' 1K)— ..

‘V . i 1 -. . ' ’ y- u. 7.“~ ‘\ ‘ ‘ 7‘
cools—scouo=ic oO‘VngsOLs

vf‘ ‘7 I‘- ‘ ' ‘ ' 1' ‘ ‘ ‘ V " ‘l V _ ' l I ‘l , ”‘ T .
~ “ ‘- ‘ III '~ ' --)“ ~ - ..
JA-L- .‘~I.J-'. ;. J1.L_J.LA_ -~.. .. -_ J-544L-. \J‘~ 4 _LL-

} _L _L _I J. V ‘ ' .—. l.. ‘ o ‘ o ‘ ‘t I ‘ ‘ f"
nbblbUCBS and opinions no dTClM?

,‘J- ‘-. .15.. w ‘-_,,. .1.“ “ .- .,. ‘3.
AbtlbUCbb and Placticos no afllnv

‘fl

Plans lor Ledical ‘are

“4'1 “1"; IXJ 771‘.r'r‘_. 1-. TT .TL ‘. . ~ 12 ‘2 w‘. l
\JLLJJ J...J.LL ' .L.‘J.4XI..J$ALJ_L.L '1... J.) l"\.'-‘- -|._JAL..‘_:‘.L-'. .1.

_...t .- .x '1'

1" Y’ J ‘. j |I~ T A - y_1>-.r . '.“ _. .. ,\ ‘ --.», -:— - .‘ . T,” _... "‘1 , - ‘:‘__’ _~~ '1‘."
v--.1.. L._J-L V l1dLi-_l_J_J.L4'uLJ.L .. 4.») Lee U: libJ MVUNJJ 1;}-JIL.LJ.LLl L):J-1-tu.t.‘,_

..‘,r‘l.fi_. '1.

vaullqd VI Slflig;ffil D CQQCLLLILLQ

0 ~'— w—r ‘Vj'v'vfir

‘ ‘ I
~I.L .1;.1..L\..‘ ml .JL. .41.

,. -y_
{,1

n-;s“JIX A The scnedulo

ies

v a "N , 21 1"”t
itxi'J usual... ii .1.-.

{a ;_f§1”l'“l‘] C ='\.:‘
..J 1.411;”.-- —~L'.ZJ

I 0.98

\J‘!

\J

F -J
4:.

V)
O

kg
03

\n
O)-

( "Q

C\

“3

O\

II.

III.

I TVT .

VI.

VII.

VIII.

Kr
1L

XII.

"III.

"llv\'.' .1"

l . Lain—u

Distance to a Doctor's office Rejortei by :a ilies in ‘ellsto
and Zecuus :h Co tuniel

Socio-nconovic Char cteristics o: a sample of :a ililies in
Pellet01 and iecu;iseh Co munities

Level of' “ea Mltl and Jealt'
r1

I l
and Tecumseh V0 Luritios 31
Family Income

Care oi Individ u3ls in Pellston
as .ified “ccoro in_j to Eross

Percentage of Individuals in the 331rle of Tecu;seh and

Pellston Co“ unities for ”non Ios 't ive qu,UO-o mere Re—
ported and the ..e‘thod of l‘re'rt..1ent

Percentage of Individuals in Eellston and Tecumseh Connun-
ities uhO SIM a doctor a Desi hated ;umber OI es duIiI
the Six Lonth Leriod preceding the 1terview

The Percent3ge of Individuals in Pellston and fecumseh Com—
munities .ho saw a Doctor a Designated lumber of Times at
the Patien‘m' lone durin; the Six Lonth Period preceding
the Interview

Kind of Doctor to Hhom the Eeople of rellston and Tecumseh
Community Jo for Lecical Sare

Do You Have a Certain doctor to then You and Le bars of

Your Banil} Go for Lost of Your Ills?

1-1‘ 1

The Iur1ber 01' ii:;es Iidividuals in the Pellston and Le-
cumseh Co -_m mitie s deceived Dental service during the Six
Lonths precedin~ Interview

The Lessons Mi en bv Infornants “silwluiq Shy Individuels
having one or ore Unt‘ea ted iositive synptons had 1ot seen
a Doctor

Prec ant e of Nauilies in “hie; ene or here Len.

e 8
Been hospitalized within i Swo Year reriod yrs cedinr the
Interview

" Ir r‘ . r‘ —:- -. TA: ~,—1 ~1‘:‘ I“ 1' w
JGQSQHS for {ospiealisation “GLCI' ed 0;
1‘ .1 J- r .» 1‘ ‘ . ‘ f! V“ ’1 ‘l_ “ O l O
:eIISton mnd Leculsen QOMWUlelGS

‘~ L. .‘ .., P M "'i ,. ,‘.. 5. ‘ :. :_ '1 '- A ,4}! .-1 ,,_r, 1
rerce1‘;t=...’,e o Illl'v‘r..tc..llu .Ll sL- st- 2'11 and lecu..1s
e e . “_ ‘ ' _ . _.. . -: 1—. I I'f‘ r . " ':’ I "‘ 4’1 t ‘ ' [I J- , W
ities L&fllflj speclileu ;.vo Wle .o ”eats he “1 in“ lootots

’J (/1

29

\.o
\n

v' 71'
:‘5l 5‘ Q

XV.

XVI.

XVII.

XVIII.

1r ‘
4X .11..

v1.7
ILA.

{fir I
.1 L1 L 0

(II.

XXIII.

imr 7‘ 1'

futi‘ o

XXV .

XXVI.

Percentage or Infiormants in Iellston and Tecumseh Communities
1‘ Cenuents 1G'urQlfl' Doctors

HMO Kade opeCiIied Uniavorab-

f“ m . h I”. ' . ‘ ‘ "‘ ‘ ‘ _r «r. v -: v r v‘. A. -«, I. L w-v -,r .C' — ~.-.- 4-. ‘_.- l-
oatisiactien Witn the heir neceiveu ir0n sectors hm Inio1nints

in the :ellston and Tecumseh Co innities
Percentage Distribution of ;pinions concernin3 the teed {or
Kore Doctors i11t1e re llston a1d 1ecu1n sen Communi s

Op inions Given by Informants in Pellston and 1ecunse eh Con-
munities on ion a Coagunity Needing Lore Doctors Light Obtain

r'v

Inem

Percenta3e of families in the Tellston and Tecumseh Conuunities
in Shich at Leas one Leaner had Insurance for All or fart of
the Hospital Bills and fees for surgery

Percentage Distribution of family 3er1 JETS in the Pellston and
Tecumseh Communities Included in Insurance rlans to Pay for
All or re rt of hospital and our3ical jxpense Among Families
heportinj Juch Insurance

Opinions by Informants in 2‘ellston and Tecumseh Communities
Regarding Insure nce Ilans for Payin: Hospital and Doctor Bills
“minions of Informants in Pellston and fecumseh Comrunities

“ Government sponsored Ilans for health Services

Average 4hjelflltureo he‘o rted by families in the Pellston and
Iecumseh Co munities for Designated Health Qervices during
the Year precedin; the Survey and fistinates for the Entire
Connnn1ity"

Percentage Distribution of Info rnzints Acquainted with the Bork
the Local health Department in the Fellston and Tecumse
"onmunities

'1erce entage oi In1orna1ts Rep rtinj I11.t the or Lore Le1‘ rs of
Iheir r'amily ha d Leen Personall; ‘ Ja: ned or Advised by a fuelic

health Uurse or c1fficer within the East Year

Percent of Individuals in JC"l”U?bCQ [A3e Groups in Pellston and
Tecumseh Rho here Vaccinated or In nized aga inst anal pox,

Diptheria and LhOOping Cou h

Percenta3e of Info r:uants Who State 1hat a Lajor Health Problem
jxists in Their Cozn uwunity and fheir Eeas one

Q\
0\

G~
(1

72

7e

77

0’)
P1.)

~- 1'1

:\ ‘1th ‘
L -rbggdg‘»)

Location of Eellston end Tecumseh cornuhities

Age coiposition of the sample of in; individuals in the
Pellston cos unity and 185 individuals in the Tecuaseh

co::uniity'

Level of health end health care in Pellston and Tecumseh
communities

Ledical care eater for non-villa;e fasilies of Pellston
C onuum ity

hedicel care center for hon-village families of Becuuseh
comnunity

Flees where one or more members of non-village families in

the Pellston conauhity mere hospitalized during the year
preceding the survex

-\ 0

Place where one or more members of non-village families in

the Te unseh cougunity were hospitalized during the yer
preceding the survey

I‘

L

57

CE 5.17 "T :53 I

IQTHCDUCTILN

A man's health is fundamental to his strength and well—being.
It is the founuation of a nation's streigth in time of eiergency

and a vital factor in it

0)

welfare. The democratic ideals of life,
liberty, and the pursuit of happiness are based on the premise of

h'

(U

.4

alth demands an adequate envi—

I“)

good health. The maintenance 0
ronment in which the individual may live and develop.
In case of ill health adeguste Medical service includes min”

d

institutional services and yrQCBSSSS such a

‘ . ‘ . 7‘ \
{lieu}; 10

U)

.1.

(I)

(I)

, surgery,
medication, hcswitalisaticn, nursing, dental Care, drugs and ap-
pliances. Lany technical services as x—ray, and other laboratory
grocedures are also included. Irofessicnal worners, such as ghy—
sicians, dentists, nurses, pharmacists, laboratory technicians,
and their assistants are also needed. fhese are aidal by Chiropo—
dists, ottOmetrists, medical social workers, practical nurses, pub-
lic health workers, and employees engaged in the minufacture of
drugs. These resources as well as the assurance of a continuing
place in society are refiuired for the treatuent of ill health. A
menber of society who is ill is handicagged in attaining the ideals
of denocracy and caniot contribute his naximum to t13 economy of

V

the society to which he belonés.

The continuing need for health care has resulted in the growth
of social institutions. an institution has been defined by Lapiere
as "a system of human relationships, each specific element of which
is more or less effectivelp cocrainitel with every prior and sub-
sequent element, for the fulfillment of the long run group need.”1
The institution, howeVar, tenus to resist change thus givlnb rise
to problens due to the expansion of nnowledga. The existanC¢ of
such problems are ”to the sociologist evidence of cultural lag, of
the difficulty in translating into active uses the values provided
by scientific knowledge.”2 Lther problems are introduced by the

overlapping of institutions, for health care oaerptes within a con~

L

text of political and economic institutions. fnese relationships
are enphesized by hilson G. duillie who stated ”Social laws play
a tremendous part in the proper conduct of adequate medical care.”3
Surgeon General Scheele held that "Social factors are the very core
of preventative medicine and public health.”4 The importance of
political institutions in the field of health is reflected in the
opinion of Chief Justice harlan who in 1888 stated ”it is the set-

tled doctrine of this court that as government is organized for the

 

P1

1. Richard l. Lapiere, Sociolocv ncGraw-hill Book Company lnc.,
New York, l9ho, p.339.

2. Ctis Durant Duncan, Social Research 23 lealth, Social desearch
Council, New York, 19h6, p. 16.

 

3. Wilson G. Smillie, Preventive hedicine and lublic health, nonillan
n r? .r
to., new lork, l952, p. A.

1.. Smillie, Ibid., p. 3.

,
}

purpose, anong others of :reservin the puolic health and public
morals, it cannot divest itself of the power to provide for these

objects.”5 Sconomically acoe:tance cf the theory of capitalism

gave rise to the fee—for—services—rendered system of providing med-
ical service to the iniiviJual and his family.
The general application of medical services under the present

». 1 1 r~. ‘ - , -« r‘ ,~ (-‘ 1' r‘ 1‘ ‘) 3 “\ ‘HT 7 , _, _.
systen has not been ecnieved, es LdS been crown by mOtt and Roemer

lure.“ The distribution of

,4;
y—ul
, .
\D
;

'_J
K

}._J

in their book Rural Health ant

 

services varied within regions, states and areas with the degree

“3

of urbanization. health personnel and acilities were found to be

most nficberous in the urban industrialized north-eastern United

(-
l‘

States. lo His Le.n shown by research that the upper economic classes
can and do obtain more an? setter nolieil services thin «o the lover
economic groups.7 In rural areas, inablility to secure medical ser—
vices may esult from such disadvantages as the increased age of

rural physicians, the relative distance of doctor from patient, low

income and relatively lower levels of education and living. tn the

other hand, manv factors of local significance affect the le el of

 

5. James A. Tobey, Public Health lgw, Commonwealth Fund, hew York,

1%?) p. 5.

 

6. Frederick D. lott, M.D. and Milton I. Roemer, A.D., Rural health

and Ledical Care, LcGraw-Hill Book Company Inc., flew York, l9h8,

 

 

7. Charles P. Loomis and Allan J. oeegle, Rural Social §ystews,
Prentice Hall Inc., New York, lQSO, p. 710.

 

health and health care in any specific conmunity such as the age
composition of the population and its health practices.

The foregoing variations in the general application of health
care indicates the desirability of selecting the community as the
basis of study. Here factors such as the physical accessibility
of health services, and attitudes of the population tend to remain
constant. Thus the effectiveness of institutions serving health

needs can be tested more accurately.

Purpose and Scope of the Study

This study was designed to test the hypothesis that under the
present system of distributing medical services, the resulting in—
equalities in the availability of medical doctors and health facile
ities will be reflected in poorer health and less frequent use of
medical services in the disadvantaged areas. It is also hypothesized,
that such a deficiency will be reflected in the attitudes and opin-
ions of the pOpulation regarding health services.

Points of commparison used in this study are as follows;

1. The need for medical attention as determined
by the symptoms approach.8

2. The use of available services.

3. Attitudes and Opinions of the communities
regarding these services.

4.. The cost of the services used.
5. The use of public health services.
Selection of two communities, Pellston and Tecumseh, in which
to test the hypothesis was based on the work of Dr. J. F. Thaden
of the Departnent of Sociology and AnthrOpology at Lichigan State
College. His study divided the entire area of Lichigan into "medi-

cal service” communities.9 The penulation of each was estimated,

 

8. A discussion of the "symptoms approach" appears on page 8-9 of
this study.

9. Thaden, John F., Distribution gleoctors of Ledicine and (sten—
paths ig.hichiga. Communities, Lichigan State College, Agricul—
tural experiment Station, Department of Sociology and Anthro-
polo~v and the Social Research Service, East Lansing, Special
Bulletin 370, June, l95l, pp. 19-20.

 

 

-5-

v':<sr Cp 1~ “icc.i dcwctrfi‘s ‘Iui (CWCCC? tin“ rr.: jhr' ir~ “Lv .(a ‘1‘ c-
in each CC'-:er;'x ,‘ cwgt'ihri, "Tu 'tha .it‘c of oTUi tier
ngicftu V's ditsrtfvo”. Arr n r-flt of t‘m: CQL'HVithS nlon:
a ccntinurn frCT ti: :bSOP”P oi “«v u' health our jerscnn l and
a .t:.’-._s to (C11: bl" ' ‘01 u t-, :11 . v ci‘ ("col ("s r(—s.ultr‘d_ in the

a i: . L“ :3“ . -i--- .~. .L . . ]
acumseh 33 the CC3 unit; naviyg a reason o_v _xenuite s3). 32

. .. 1,- 3 —. A,» . ,— 4.. . . '- ,.
CCfl ”-3.0 RC I‘:‘\,_-L'31.-_ LCCCL‘I‘S, OSLCC .1

-4 n..- ' -1. ,..v r .m... 0 J.‘ ., .‘ ,3 -3. ‘ -4 n .o. -0, "
vitnin tne trade ulna oi the cc :uhlt . iGChhSyM Man a iuvoiable

ritic

of one Medical doctor or c; teo :tth per 3-0 persons in the car—

.1

- —- ' vv- l\ 1 ‘ f) I: ' - Tr ': "\ T? P. -- -. ’. r- s— '— ~ \ 1 f“ ' -‘,
Ti1v1_n;t;‘ «1.0 C(JT‘ 11’1‘t: CS“ ta. LC (‘.tLe,z.‘t MC; lane to educate L118

cc munitios selected according to soc iO-CCOI}CILiC or cth r factors

(‘0

I‘" ' V. J“ 0 v r'- '\ ‘ 'r L' r“ ' - J- " ‘fi \ ‘ nf‘ ’1“ . ""3, ‘ A ‘< "
a; acting 116': ltn .Nu walbh c is. ‘éruhnt re1t ltact is «ads CJTOU'h-

his stuiy to Fit: for the rural joyulaticn of uichigtn as ds+CT

 

.3 T ‘7 ‘23 1 4 "r . 'T "J. C‘ v,- , - T .. Y. T' -,,3 ......
rine( raw the Leicni_g11 Healldl gurvey jlflaLi she N..:LJ useltali rats wimi
Y f‘fiJ- 1" fir- : ~~. I‘ ll
heats“ re if -ichican.
_.- “——

 

 

 

A more complete description 01 EfluSS ccrq* unitir3s is found in
Chapter II. Their location is shown in figure 1.

I‘ -. 73 T ‘ fi" r.“
on rles h. Iofier, Du ne L. diaror tnIJle
+4, , v 71 1. ' ,- i . rm.-. - i *T A n, ,4 .
Iiller, lfiiga It. .cauler3 (mid quuliF. lfludelu lxaalth xf: s and
- .' “1.1.. ~-.
'icultuial

‘

ClOT y, La:

0)
}-
O

'3 Ioor.is, Paul .51.

 

‘ O

lcaith C”re In Tichicuh, lic N1- an State Collefic
nxntf “Went St ticn Section of Socielocy and lntir
'1
_L

L.Usinc lichifar unocial Bul e,in 365, June,

.-

The use of the rural community as

{‘J
E
.4
|._J
ct‘
E
,.1
D...
(D
(‘2‘
(D
5‘.
p.
S
p.
5
L '2
C—f—
:3.
(D

influence of ecological and socio-economic factars on healtn and

.-

iealth care is a comparatively recent concept in this :ield of stuoy.

-1- _

”"L ‘ . 1 . ' '. .’ f‘ "“ ‘fi‘? ‘ ‘Y' .1 ° F ' '9 " "V‘I'\ | 3“" r! - " —.‘ ”’I— “‘ " L‘
its use eliain.oes nan; co; i catin l CuOfS such as niiieiin. ia—

O

ilities and attitudes wgich ma; obtain as one faves across cannunity

. l

The freat ma-ori'r of previous health studies h vs seen under—

C.

o
- ,) LI 0,!

"\1 ~ .-- ~ - ‘.--~, " Fur "‘1 “a .' ~' ~ V " 1 .' L "1“ '— _. ~ ‘ a 1 ' ‘ - "3'1“. 1“ 1 I'L‘x
tamen in drown aieas oy HOJ“rflmCubal m;8MC1LS 01 orjaniza ions Wlbfl

.‘ _ I T. ' ’- _‘ ”V _1_ ~. ’ _‘_1_ 0 'I r ‘5 I- In _I 1" V 1- ' 4‘ ’n ,— -
a i-'i‘l;._-ar3/ _LLL UGQKJ; u in. C3; t: in 000113» CLO:

.J

I
I-

y.)

. .‘ '.‘ 7.. ‘;-.,-. 1-'— . J- L. ,— A
.r‘l-SJIT 5. LI \3(-‘_U.K1:.L/:Lgr’ blilel’

I—‘ v

such studies have included a politic 1 unit such as a cothY or

w

' - “4.1.3,.” . . ,_ .. J -.—. ,7- l,“ ., n ' ‘9‘ , 1 ‘ r.
, Wnlle OCCUNiCluuull; enteien Studies Cover m LTPClLlOi Uln-

J. : .'. n '_ -_ _‘w ,, ‘ _ 3,, ..-,,- 1 n. ,, fl .. r)-- 1,1,.“ _r'» _L . ,,- _.
trict. ouCn stpdios tend to pionuce an ageiawe lLTle irai he 1h*

,1- 1 , -.-' .-~ ."- ‘ “7.7 1.”, _ A 1-2,, .- ,3 :,.. ‘_, r , .,°_ .
cluuec Co unmitie- Union L,y OUQCUCu one TanulLU UCLHBV“ a :11 le

3.1- L

f $ 1" 1 .2 L " ' ‘ ' ‘ ‘> I" " j ""1 V “ 'l r‘ 1‘ -“ I" 1" «1..» (m. .3 ~'- .. v . “I
f,.CL/OT UIIQ _LLI:3 81.;er CT} the Ll‘..3.1,.l. L111 5.1-51 Alp" 4, L» T, (23.3. G ul one 1.9.41bCLS
OJ. 8. CQQ‘J :luLLLu' .

. ,. 1, , L1- _l. In: 1. ,, _L , .i, ., 7. 1.... . , ,..,’1 .» , ., :3
In a StflKw~tJl the us, .i itajlui rescu1ces a; r l t.‘x%Jple in

. -l . “'1 ’ ,r -, 1— ,~ 3- ‘ r. ~‘- ° , c 9, , L1,. is- p, , 1,. . 5,. ,, ' ,_, .
.0 central ”3‘... lOi‘n Cubilea, 1t 13.115 #:317le (,3 o Loy not; 7-1131548
.L

 

 

 

-. .3 1 ' 1- n L: -fl. , -N. .L,‘-'1._.1,_- :J. .21 , .. TAT.-.“ _...
and puolic nealun re ouxces av_iiaaility ~t the lOCnl cw .Hnit, 16451
l h _ r-J“ 5-. . \- o 4‘“),- 'l‘ \' Ft ‘\ ~ _t‘ r3 (~ 2_ n‘ 7., r 0 ‘,__'_ . :1 I__ ‘r‘ r“ .‘ ‘ ‘_ _‘ n A“ I fl
lg IIOQL/ bi‘.,1;l-J.CC-.t .L I‘LLJ [1‘4 ..;v u“..'.' A._ ‘l_LL2 U; U; lg, 1113.}. l COHUUJ 12;} O...
H I V) .1 ‘1 " ‘1'“ I *3 r .,. ‘7‘ -~~ A ~1 Trw _T ‘ --’ 11"“ fr“ -~ -'-. '4 '~ 1 '* I- " — " ~ ~ "fl 1—
12. L111- i‘ . 1.4-1.1 p011 l'...-Il(i ..)OL.L.‘.]_’_ _T. .1 U , .-;-3 LSC‘ . L -us- 1.,r_‘-,_; ., glean]; C- 'S
--. ‘ -...- ‘ L... ' : -.. T i ‘- , A . .— 1- .' , a '3 ' - ,
jar.JiuJL -eTTle 111.1«3 u3.b_ l_!»3 Toni JOLanibai, lehQ, _ifl:—

 

 

(‘1 r!

letin a .

-7-

t‘.’ o r—‘fi rnP)-1 V" '1 F, (s ‘ r.) ‘v' ’- ”t; ("f ".'. ’x‘ p L 1| ’ -‘ f“ " v '3 I l“'\.—‘ ‘ “ .1 4'1! ‘nfl rw/ ~~- ’\ P3 4"
;'.\,..,:; (RC-.Vl‘ ‘. _,. A C»; viii”: 1. Li L- {1 n F? C ‘- (fill all U E? U i .J-L)Al i’C.)~.;;I \A o
b-r I. .1 3; , \A. l 1., ~ ~ . ". J- ~ ~ +‘ I " 1 f' 3 . r 1 ,—. ‘ 3 ‘ “mm

J CC 14 U-ik .1. CL .) C 'J ‘Lz VI ! U C 1- _' -HJ.-' IA [J ' »C '-
-. . . ‘, r I"- a .~ « --Lj " 1 ' - ‘ 3 ‘ a .7 - ~ ~ 1‘
”(_1,I‘C".- ._ ‘ in _L ' r J;L L J xiii 3 -3 1; C CTT‘“ C¢*<; 7 CA* C_- *r( _-—

n W p -. I: (an L n 1/3 -L' , —‘ . 1‘ , L (— ”‘1

r f »-— ,_ a ‘ T. .' '_ - _ ‘.- ,- . - .
C' ‘T .-" __':‘ v) - 3 ‘- ‘ ’ l. C (. a) ”if: “Mb Cain. 1--J.-_f.-k/V

\I A.
O s ‘ ‘ c v :x 0" IL ‘ a -
(fifiw -~~~L\‘.‘ -n’ 'L ~ A _ .—_ (-V - r‘ 1 r I .I I ' r N ~ ‘ r ‘ ""5 ’W ' r‘
VJ ‘-'L‘ _. _..C --', «I‘m! '1 l _. ea A.._) ‘7. s - ~i -|_ _ Ll’l L _. "L... ‘ iCk; (C {3.
A

.LJ
.4
l

 

 

 

(V r\ " s'r‘ ‘. r 1 ~ 1‘ ‘* _~-, J 1 : f‘ - , "V f '4 '3 '1‘ ‘.
+ll’ 1 C... 1- ‘ -‘t 1‘” CC}; 1 CL “(a 1.11 _Lr. L .L‘ {1' “—8 LL _Lru: CC, Lil/lipids
5' fi» ~ 5 ~ . .F - A. H ‘ F‘T" 1‘ T x . e ‘ - “ h - . F1 .
oi 'e as ‘v '3 . In itcé i stuls cf T1e Lre Cf if 1th J’TVZCQU 1:
—~ * *
r1“ n T * '1 ' ° if} 1 r-w - r 1
Lin govt; rn 1~Crs“=v :1 CC. uwitieS“/ v-5 1: e. i*en 1: _ A} tne
r . ‘ v "' ‘ 'L ‘1 V'. ' 4“ ' ‘ ' “ ‘ r. F], t _Jr J"~ ( \
-rries s c\. lftal vith tie u JlC tiCl o' ' o T e Cf L -wn wsrv-

 

 

‘ ' rm, ‘7 .Lu.,_ 12,.” 3 .7- .. '. .l: 4‘ , -~,- -

:1063 1.- C). (rtd’ffn L=~‘u93 r3 .\:CI ii it-(_s. irC K1 CCI u t CH)
_ o 0-1 _ o r 0‘ A _ ‘ _a H” -r-

va713 “~-ortcv” fCr STLCJ; if, in i VNJ T “d flui‘c t C11.“ lethal. The

r- w 1 ° 3 “ V 3 '1 __ “ - .5 M .‘ ' ‘1 ‘i
C; EChCCJ record“ C f“:“ In. ' h, -u l yr ‘3 t l h: :Ct with the
-1, 1._ . A sf.“ ‘3 r“ .. f7: ‘ _ H: A “L1, ,__1_\ .‘5 L. Hi ,7 ,.'! .3“. t
.C-tj (11.1 J 46.1} Ju AL, .‘I‘CiiU-l’. C ' t:.-‘..u.. L-‘ 1.3, \ff L'_i"_4 L,1411L.L"\J C‘-I1CjL.l)_ CCELJ. i‘ki‘ 4

 

l3. Cuth I. Conner and Killj ! Q, Lather, Tie U39 3f ,¢glth Serv-
n T e 1 Cr I1;;b.lv{.\1‘1i£‘:.
S ate Ckifibafe ,chCl.CJ‘ rri CthUIT, anriCuitL'"l_It:,C innnt
t

.’ , - ' _, -- 7“. . I i '7 . ..
ion at te ColJch, reg . Lulletin 50h, July iCLo.

 

 

- F .1— 1’,
Tees 1r17Pro Cfih worn :

._

.. ' . .. .7 .. f‘ ,~ ‘ ' » r‘
T71“ , .’.r_l_“.7i;‘__(.l.. \JCJ lal‘l L1,- *‘ .
1‘ '0.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

'1 ~ .. ,, n fl ~'. 4.7., mt. * _.A a T - J 1-] val-..
it. RUfiii n CCpner and Hillia.h o. rather, lie the oi I ltn l;iv—
ions in Trc I01,hern Pc«rs“IV'nia CC“rUnit’ss. The kenuuVlV:hia
. . —~ A _ v-4 . _ ’K > \. _‘_ I “‘A \, .‘p UVA-gi 4“
“ ".l I “‘3‘“ ‘fl ’1 ~1"» '\ . 1"”
.« “icgu 'bllla . -pc IYLI .n

r~J.,,.;_

L.‘T:. '.‘_.\,.,., s 1.,“ 3L .. :.,.“;i .W
*tute Colle e Sciool hf atrlCululfb
ot.ticn Coll l

’ _,
‘7; .- 3 -. -‘. " r f‘ I
ge, .enn., Bul-etin l7, Ju13 lye“.

‘ T T ' 7"- | 1 - T T. j 1 -1T‘J ' ."T 1\ ‘1 w‘h“ L ‘ 1—
11111121. I-“m 1‘61:le VEGI‘G 01:5: 1 “73.1-1 U\) k 1‘ u" U {2.10110 CtLiL(.Ll Ln 3.) (ALL «Chi; COl
-- - 4 4 -;.-~ xm' J“ 9-” mv' - mi'pl'r
I‘ltel ‘fJ_e--LJ kIHL'J..1 \.$-‘_.“.I‘\J/\.l.. L JV U-

- .. ,4- _ ,...4. J.\ ., 1‘ _n ._
321'. '13 ll'lffi‘LVCL-JG] ET; .11 p.10 u c) 0;. (.‘leu’.._L bGI‘V-

‘ .n ' - _..: ._- P ,. . ‘ ‘1. 4-: . J. -, CV1 " _- .L‘
Lies-dd, 111C; cabin, (4:3 131Cu_.i'3 :1"; €\.11A‘C.:'u:_c.l _L.-CL'C«-1:-.-’;:u. w11"]. I‘ngfiOILCS

-.- . .1» .- ' -w ...-. . .F. ,3 r. ‘, : _; .. NJ 7- V T - ,.V.'._ .- :. ° C .- ,\
1383-4)!de .Gug, TICJLLCLL C31: .le!_ ‘L 31-! ‘331‘ 1101 CL,»_.u. 73 C)». CJ‘CLJJI'CCLJluLS L H111
- . _.n ,: w .:
b07711 I‘Efii‘AkLeleuo

_. “gar," -- . ,. ,, _‘ .,. w .' 1
-C a ;¢Jqlci g mule ue-em on .1“—

U)
EJ.
’1
(D
(a
'1
L .1
c‘r‘
(J)
C
(D
:1
r .
(D

:‘itldin ’

f3
(D
CW
("J
( D

1“ . . «1 _.. ‘ o z: r- , .‘x -. ,' ’ v‘V‘ :h‘z— f 's ‘.‘ ',’I ‘~ ‘ - '1' —~ .‘ "ur- ': . -
a lAVULVLnJ bus 13;; a; one Qur a: “QTG Cr Tor HLLCH "culC-l

C ' ‘-- -. 4-3 "
enlp outaeeu Due uue 0*

'f
(D
'(“\
F).
(J
I.._J
’3
H
p.
O
(J
CL
[:10
6
U
'<

\o
C)
:3
C1
0
}_
3
T3

\0
O
*5

dist ace from a doctor in the cunxunihies studied. Home 02115 were

EQLHM; to Cheer:

(L)

. u I

.1“ T - “1 3— ‘ "1 V! “‘1‘ '. " "f . ‘ 1"" ~ ~ 1‘ . r" |‘ "‘ ' r~- . fl '3 - ‘ L ‘7, .
-ue CBVGLOPLBHD 0C a Te HULVBIJ 1me¢Ieuelve Qu.pAeulCel mequQ

of deternining medical needs known as the ”symptoms ajfiroach” was de—
velogei in lQAh by rural sociologists in the deyartment of aj iculturc.

“ 'Ctor would

U;
{L

:1
Q

It involved L list of nou—technic.l questions such 3-

l‘ ‘3 . o ‘ —. . ' ~ - v- - v-V - -' ‘- y—g“ ,- ‘n fx .1— I -r a‘V
u. :LLed:,C..l L:_L:_3LCIJ"; {_Jllt ‘.-x13_1_c.1 .' ‘1 L30 gene} Of a lay

use in taxln‘ ”_V

 

15. Gulf breakdown cl esifi04tion sh Um on pUpLLs was giace of resi—
< / o “ -~ .
Gouce \16.) ruraL—uruan.

‘ _.. A ,— P 1 f 1‘. n: _o y d'“
lb. Conner and ngtfldr UJ. ULL., a. Cu.

interviewer. Each symptom or condition re;orted by the informant
indicated, in the Opinion of duelified medical doctors, a need for
medical attention at least to the extent of diagnosis or treatment

if necessary. This method was later validated in two studies, one
conducted in North Carolina, the other in Lichigan. The first was

a check of lay interviewers reforts with a doctor's interview, and
the second by selecting a sad le of those 'nterviewed, using a sched-
ule which included the list of symptoms, for a medical examination.18
As a result this nethod w;s found to be a valid statistic 1 basis

for the determinxtion of medical n ed“ of a selected pepulation group.

C!

(1’

Using this new technique, Mayo and Sebastion started a study
in 1945 in Greene County, North Carolina, to determine medical needs
of the pOpulr-ition.19 This study showed widespread need among the
pepulation and a positive relation between age and unmet medical
needs. Also a higher proportion of the negro legulgtion was found

to have unmet medical needs than the white population.

 

18. Charles R. Hoffer and ddgar A. Schuler, Lichigan State College
in coo;e*ation with Rosalie lelign M.D. and Thomas Robinson h.D.
University of nichigan hedical School. "Determination of Unmet
Need for Ledical Attention Among nichigan Farm Families.” The
Journal oi the Richigan State Ledical Society, Vol. 46 pp. 443-
Aho April, l9h7.

 

l9. Selz C. Kayo and hie Sebastien Fullerton, Ledical Care in Greene
County. Agricultural dxoeriment Station, Eorth Carolina Stite
College, Raleigh, Eorth Carolina, Bulletin 36J, November, lQhC.

 

-10-

A study using this technivue was conducted in nichigan by Dr.
Charles 3. Eoffer. It included the validation work previously men-
tioned and gublished in September, l9h3.2O In this study an abree—
ment in four out of five cases between the lay interview and clinical
examinition indicated that the medical needs schedule, or the "symp-
toms approach" as it is sometimes called, was a satisfactorily valid
instrunent for deter ining the extent of unmet medical needs. Uther
findings of this survey were that need for medical attention increased
as the gross faiily income decreased, and as the age of its menbers
increased.

A second survey was undertaken to study health in COHmunities
consisting of a town and its adjacent trade area.21 For this study
three communities were selected in widely separated areas of Richi-
gan to ascertain the level of health care and attendant socio-economic
factors and opinions. Again the author found that unmet medical
needs were greater in the Open country than in the towns, and that

medical needs increased with age and decreased family income.

The use of medical services was found to vary slightly but differences

 

20. Charles R. Hoffer, health and health Services for nicLigan Farm
Families, Eichigan State Agricultural LXperimont Station, Sec—
tion of Sociology and AnthrOpology, East Lansing, hichigan Spe-
cial Bulletin 352, September, 1948.

 

21. Charles R. Eoffer, health and Health Sgrvices in Three Lichigan
Communities, Lichigan State College agricultural Azteriment Sta-
tion Section of Sociology and anthrOpolOCV, East Lansing, Lichiéan,

(.20

Quarterly Bulletin Vol. Bl, Article 3l-l2, August, 1948.

 

reported in two of the communities studied were not large. Satisfac-
tion with medical care was expressed by a majority of respondents,

but some dissatisfaction was reported as to the availability of health
services.

The foregoing investigations suggested the need for a state-wide
study of the health and health care of hichigan residents. This was
undertaken with a representative area sample of all hichigan residents
outside of Wayne county. Interviews were taken during the summer of

1948 and the results were published as health Needs and Health Care

 

in Richigan in June, 1953.22 This survey confirmed earlier findings

that unmet medical needs are found most frequently in the open country

and village populations, and that distance to a doctor was a factor

of some idportance. Socio—economic factors found to be related to

medical need were family income, and education of the wife or female

head of the household. Ho marked differences were found in doctor

use between groups residing in different parts of the sample area.
Opinions and attitudes of the population indicated that a ma-

jority were satisfied with the medical care received, but in general

they felt that more doctors were needed. They favored prepayment

plans for paying doctor and hospital bills.

 

22. Charles R. Hoffer et a1., Health Needs and health Care 'n Kichica
Op. Cit.

 

-12-

A review of the preceding community studies indicates that when
the use of medical facilities is the only criterion for determining
the level of health care, i portant differences between communities
may be obscured. Use of the "symptoms approach", however, has snown
differences to exist depending on age, gross income of the fagilg,

education of the fenale head and the place of residence. The fore-

going studies have not shown the effect of health education or the
effect of health reSturces on health and health care. This study will
attempt to indicate differences between communities with differences

in health resources.

-13-

Lethcd of Stucy

Ilcalt h and hoxlt1’1 care infernytion Mes cbtained frag tlirty-

7*. I

six hcuaeholds in th r‘e-xlston coxgunity and fifty fanilios in the
Tectlre oh cc :unity. The schedule in luded a list of twenty-seven
synntcrs on e ch inmivlduii nether of the Lanilv such as a ghVSiciun

r1jght use in t kin; a medical history. As yrevicusly exglainad ouch

TV‘ -v"~ \" ' , ‘J 'L ': i r' " - a" . ”1"“ I \‘1 r' “' "I " - \ H: "‘ ‘L - fi‘ 'L '. 1'.
o gtol, if .CSleVG) 1 ; con i Wren w ledlcsl ne 4 ec lei t uC the

extert th t the advice of 7 doctor should be sought ref rding the rmtt r.
Cthcr informrtftn 3 they‘d included practices'znd C41NiCh3 conc~rning

health :erviCog and ecC._C: cal 33:} FCCiO—econorjc udtfi.
Infcrhstitn Nfis cbtzined by the use of on anuxorxtive surveg

{‘I

o 0 ~ 0 ‘ ‘ w a 1 a - : _,
USlJF ¢ ureteetrd gnvwx cuascitn s neouie durinp tee winter and 3 Plug

of 1C1’8-1013C. Tho respinfent selectei ale tie fen le he in O'cn
case vherwsil e ffwiifif't'olwdgf ”‘Tfilrtlileir othel.itr five tale rme 61

of the wife‘s interview in thirty-Six percent of he cases. In

_.. 1 ”1 ,- ”r- , Ca“. 1. : _.- , ' .. 2-1 :,. ‘v ,:
in only tKCWVu ;~:Cuntc th: C OLE. The in uIV13w Lid ntt ltc,ude

1- --.- 1 T n 1 ..'. q.'..,_ _‘1. ‘1‘ .L‘, 1",. . ,'. - _' , ,., _‘ . 1 _f .~ ,‘ r‘ :. 7; f " ‘4‘
tne fen le Du n in :l; percent of one iai,iies intezvle.ld in gelletc,
~ - .. -. ' m r1 m‘- i. -1,J.' 2 ~ mi, -. _. .L ..z.
exit th: worwrsnt 311 lecuits 1. inc _Qm,'0:bjfln_ of xuicnszmts iregxnit 1U

4.1 - - ”c- 1.. . f i- .9“- ,. .7 r.
the tiira Cl tre: ntornr<n~ vazutr l“ t-m> cc i;£ti e (JAG tCJJgLCtOlES

"‘ "" "V“ " ' ' ‘-’- '1‘ \ * "’\.‘ p “ u x : x - . N r- T
such as reasonal WOT; on txe f TLS rm: tut ruzour Cl ‘~‘scn: ch LUXUQ

- u, -'— i A. ‘ r. v ‘x« ‘ -0, - ‘ -. \ - ,—\ . ~‘- ‘ {,4 r‘ .- ~
” :r .1. "Lat. hilt new; 01‘ 1.3.13). in??? if i;i‘V3.CL-.S l.‘ 1‘9 Cka-l C

Prof:

a son _

loci ts from the o3“"rtnent of Sociolo y uni Anthrotoley at

r,

J

,
fl- F‘L,.' ‘ q .— 4
an state LOLIeQe. ‘/

,__
(I)
&
,.
(I)
C
1

The gargling ratio MES 03.? "’1 C11 ',OL‘.‘Lll;l‘Cl<;Il Satin. 7- ‘

1A .2 .: 1: m _... -. - fl -* .,. - A-
ssor Timezen in his studd of LlpUlen CCMJUHltleo. In rellston
A: - . a. ._ ‘ r- ; , ~ H." A ~~ l - . : 1. V ,_
iLinw lisio oi one in ted MfluacHOldb was ado be with c-oscr-

tional numbers fro» both ville3e and ogen Country parts of the com—

munity to be selected hv enu erition Cf the occupiei hcusehclds and

1 teiti house old in the co Mlulty. This yielded

fl

thiPtJ-CL ht twou 3101'13, thirty—six of which w2re interviewed for a

T
!

total of one hundred forty-four in s Lviduals.

C

111

In Tecumseh the sarplin; ritio was determined as one household

each twantr—sevez from the con unity center and one in each fil ty

from the surrounding trade area. inis resulted in a sa:;_e cf twen‘y-

five families in the town and tr:nty~five fro; the trade area for

a total of fifty faiily 'ntervievs. These fiitr fililies included

1:5 lflclVlHuqls 24

 

Fe rti cipeting in the interviewin3 of fa ilies in *ellston were
Sheldon Lowry, h.A. and the writer. In Tecu.seh all village
interviews were done by Charles a. Hof‘fer, a rrofesso r of Sociology
and Artnrowolo"' at Lichi an stite Colle3e, while interviews

in the cowlurit ales SUFIC in3 tL Ie village of Tecumseh were

b ti, 19 Emitter o

K:

A tot l of as of these J3r5(fl5 belon_‘ to Tecu sch la Zlics and

90 to f,inl es resiiin "e trade are .

Date Desei on t elfiid cgnsus shows the L.ow~;lstlon of tie Tecumseh
con unity to as appr(xlli.elg equall ‘”

Q,

U
100 I r x 1" -- ' ,... +1 .. a] '3 ‘
(Ll ill); sflwuwefifil snéz'vl-lxfl,e
J 5) ~ c‘

V __' ‘ f‘ \ n ,
C «’ ' 4' (W t) - ”."1 C: I" ' ‘ .r‘-"- T“ r . .' " " .35" “ .
f-Ln‘J. _.‘L .J\.) t'l'; v "if JLl-O ALL-'4 5.4...‘q-4Aw4—l—V -_.) -,.'. C1‘v1.lr-.-L'Jl'hd v 11—19.}..—

L

-1"; E2. 5 o

‘1 v - 10'} ., TI
(JALALJ. .L ”A: _L
:1 ”1 n \‘L‘ 'U 111 ' ’~ (fr "C"1Li“)
_ L . A . L
LinnJ gets. . L .4.) ~44JJJ.J Liar

The Lells ton co mity is located in Burst County, the most
northerly of the counties in ichi an ‘3 lower peninsr a. In this
area one of the Iirst COLmULibiBS in the state was founded; but in
spice rf this eariv settle ent most of the are? reJainefl as an In—
dian reservation until I 72, when it was thrown open to white set—
cle'ent. Following white sett leLent luHoering beczns the econoiic
base of the area but as the rorests mere out new problems arose.
lhe la us of the county er, mostly of low quality, with seventy-
tnroe percent oi' the area classigied as third and fourth class

1
4

2 .. L .
land. Tne ces t *rates “L lend are concentrated on the nortn-

south rid3es crosci“ tLe county risir; up to 000 ie st above lake
level. The terrain and lake shore has iavore d developiont of the
resort business. Today the county is a leadinj resort center and
both summer and winter storts flourish. This new econonic Ease is
reflected in Pellston, a village 01 4h2 persons, which through its

'.‘ “ 'n'l' r" ~ ’-r'v 'l", n n -‘- 2' "‘r' - '1 a h - -- . -“ -- '1‘ f1..-~L.-1- . --— .7..—
3.1.1101 La, JGI'VUQ bLiG CLLBLJ. all“ Lnle SUlloulCiill_, Cibib‘u UL [JLICU'QJ loll,

IT. -" -- «7 :‘vy- n~~lr -. r\ Tr: ~ F .v ~- —: —: L.» _a 1 I -. 1 r- “Q -~ ;' ~ ’\ -. L — ..-L‘, n

retesze3 dud Laciinau. Incluwin, tne Vlllade oL LevcrLLJ, Wlud a
_ ,.L._',_ ,0 ‘ . ., L“ . . ~._- ,1 ._._. V i' H. ,, ,. .L‘

petulaclon oL 12o an} bUC SimlLDJ min ooh Unit, aieis, cue; e

 

{‘0
\fl
0
‘31
(D
C _
OJ
L)
C.
o
(—
.
P1
0
‘..J
3
3

' .-—V ' . r: .— . 7—. .. W...,.

l ".._ ;..-;-';.‘. 13 .. L.«'. 'C4LJ L :LlVITl 333.537] J'THJ Oi

. i n3 ~‘ r. . ;.- ,3 N " ; ”_... ,,l' L _,_,.’1 ' L J H,

..._‘__ . . . A'._-L.U.'.A.L 4.33.4- 1.1L} ’ZUK, V\J..Lj .C . ' iCL- L.'L11(-L.J- '.IJ‘_r. 6; A
_ - _ 1

'\ .L. "- ‘ ' L ' -

i ..
:oiis, List oL;.L in_, his 13in, sc001al Mulle—

 

- a "'1' I ‘ x, v I I 2 ‘I
are an estimated l)UO persons 1n tne Eeiiston community. Tnev
are served by the main western lake shore hi
which passes through Fellston and Leverin; furni s1inj transporta-

tion for the community centers.

Nineteen miles distant 1nd connected to Eellstos'I by federal
all er 1i nL1J, lies Fetoskey, the county seat of Benet COlfilty

and principal town of the area. It is a resort and industrial cen-
ter lying on Little 3r vers3 day. In 1990 the population of Pete-
shev was 6 II68 and 1-itI its surrounding area it represented a com-
:mnity of 11,2oo pepulation. Located here are excellent medical
and hospital facilities d signed to serve the EMIe and its wee lthy
suzmer visitors. There are two hospit ls, the Lit le 'ireverse
General hospital of one hundred and three beds and ten bassinets,
and the Lockwood General Hospital with forty-four beds and ten
bassinets. Practicing in this cocmunity were eleven medical doc-
tors, seven dentists, one osteOpath, and two chiropractors with a
physician {)0puL tion ratio of 933 peIsons per medical doctor or
osteopath. This coIpris ed the personnel engaged in private medi—
cal practice and the availa ole hes ltI facilities in Petoskey.

To the east, an equal distance from_Fellston over state all

weather hi hway is Cheboygan, a lakeport and industrial center.

 

 

26. The followin d1ta on es tiI ted com unit' popul: tions Ind Iledical
personnel we ere ootained Iro on special bulletin 370. Distribution

of Doctors oi‘ ledicine 'nd ' Je: 'p3t:1s in Lie igan Co ruII tiestoy
John r'. Ihaden. 23’ Cit.

 

 

-17-

J- .1
I

r and surrounding coqnunity urea has an essin ted population

or 10,600 with a popul tion doctor ratio of 1767 persons per medical

.

W

doctor or osteopath. Located in oneboy an, a city of

5,687 were five
medical doctors, four dentists, one osteonuth, one chiropractor, end
the ooamunity Le orial Eeueral hospital with forty-three beds and
ten oassinets. These two cities of Petoskey and Cheooy on contain
the only available medical personnel enjaged in private pructice
and health facilities available to the residents of the Pellston
cwnuunity.

The district health department number three, which use founded in
1930 operates in the Eellston cs“ unity ind serves the counties of
Emmet, Churlevoix, Antrim, and Otsejo. It employs s medical direc—
tor and staff Which included seven full-time nurses, two sanitar-
ions, two clerks, end at the tine or the survey a dentist and den-
tal assistant. The services of a bacteriolOgist were available,

1

although he was not consid-red to be a menber or the health staif.
Public health services available in the Fellston coauunity include
the services of a full time resident nurse, and periodic clinics
in the COJJunltj. Additional services included pre—school immu-
nizations, dental fluorinition in the school, dental, 3nd he ring
inspections, conducted every two years. In cases where dental
work is not provided by the p rents, a followeup pro;rau is used
to correct the condition. Aid is also given in securing funds
for persons unable to new for health c;re. Talks by members of
the department were available to the P.T.i. or other service

groups upon request.

_lL_

”3‘, .4..: ‘o,.\ 5‘.“ 4 '...’,,,~ ... ,'~‘ A . -.. 3...- .3 ....‘~. r~ »-.. .~'-
LJKth&UJ.U'Jw.-L LtLCJ.l] old; -LII. UHF} Clo '. I’L.Lu' 12011.9. (JV. C“.‘. '-" yt'u‘

four year limb :c 301 in gallston with elgreutar, sexual; in both
Lellston mlfl Leverin,. c:, tr; _cvoxal c rgclos, t1.'e n” serv-
ice agencies -1 the c, -1 it inclruin a rU‘ store lw nov31in*
but not .A Lellotsl.

fine LGCUJLGH co; uILt; is loo ‘eu 11 Tensues co rt; of south-
eastern Lichi an. unite settle ent of the county be an in the vil—

lage of Iecuxseh in 152a. She settle out procselod ELLlle dte to
excellent agricultural lard rated ‘s approxilatcly ttree—fourths
first class land with tne remainder lar elf second class agricul—
tural land.27 A prosperous agricultuue exists in the trade area.
In conjunction with agriculture the coigrniti Las a well developed
local industry and is located in the Detroit-Toledo industrial
area. The couuunity, then, is economically breed on industry and
agriculture. Ehis Jact tends to equalize the seasvnal fluctuation
of income found in an agricultural connunity. The population of
the village of Iecumseh was h,006 in 1950. In the conmunitv area

1"]

surrounding Lecunsoh are two villages, britton with a population

['1‘ ‘

of 517, and Iipton with 150. rue estimated population Eor tne

, --J_, -, f. d.'\! .
COQLUhlbf was oodb.

 

27. Veatch, J.0. Do. it. P. 63.

!

Heoic a1 resources within the community include the Tecumseh
nosoioal, o .ned and operated by the people of Tecumseh. inis gen—

“ ' ‘41“ ’ r‘ n‘ 1 7' :*‘ fl -r‘ .‘ ’3 ‘ ..-!_ an 4".
eral nos,ital hvo Iotnood as a non-proiitassUC1 tioz is V«- 11-

- .. A.

anced and built with runes donated by tie citizens o:

In all, about gh0,000 was collected and used to build the hosoital,

which was presented to tile villa;e in 19!l The village issued

bonds to finance an fiddition which :ave the h spital total cape—
-1

_ D ' ,,.!__ 1 .7 3 , _:,,_1. A
Cit/'2’ 01 tail ode-seven bOuS -..11.d sitcom

J

,4
\

bassinets. In addition to
the h spital there ar eeight pnvsicians in Tecumseh -nd one phy-
sician in the village of hritton, all o.L 'nes‘ had full access to
~ ' —" ‘ . -3-l-."‘ ‘ , .. J..'\ 4. .- ° In- .... ‘» . 1
the fa cilitie: of one hospital. also p acticin, 1n 1ecu sen nele
three dentists two osteocaths and a chiroor ctor. The Core-
.9 1
going doctors of medicine “1d osteo;atnt ;1ve the recumseh 00;?
nunity a ratio 01 800 persons sor physician, a figure loJor than

I. I - «

1or any surrounding co: unis, as shown by t

10 follOIin‘ ratios
per medical doctor or osteopath: Adrian 1600, Clinton 1233, and
othe ssall co ;;m1ities adjoinin' the Iecunseh coxnunity all
having ratios v ryin; from 1057 to 2620. Additional h sgitzl
and specialist ca1efac111tics were available at Adrian or Ann
Arsor, a distance of eleven and thirty-one miles rospnctivelg.
She co.nunitv had ax ;dfiition11 hezltl resource in the
services of a county health depzrtnent establis ed in 1942.
Its offices were locates in Adrian, the county seat, about eleven

.~—:lac tow T‘I‘Vrr‘d I "1”} ”“163 ‘. "18011 ("30“ t .‘13 "'»"'\ o? "‘ 1r: onwvu~r
.‘LA_L 1/54 DJ J -« L IOCA‘A. 1.4.‘1-.‘ i. 922.. .U'va-A. '... LJ_‘LI LJ.~ -{J .— LJJ ‘-.- LJL.‘ Ki,

3 1W'1 _‘ . .1. 1, ‘1 1 ‘ , '1‘. .69: __ f, .2. L‘. " v,‘,,-,1
tLC he alt est a.d no health 01110 3 out tJe Sbmlf inclucou a

 

* The Tecumseh Hespital is known 957the Herrick Idemorial Hospital
at the present time

: . a
u
—,.g\)-

 

 

 

   

an»

E Boundary of public health departments

 

- Community area

w Highways

Figure 1. Location of Pellston and Tecumseh communities

-21-

1 .' 1 . 1 . 1x. v. ‘. 1 1. 1'1‘ ‘ . 1,1. -
571. 3 ‘VlSlLl j 1'1 1‘5 '1 (14.1111 three 1 L111- tl:.;G 11131211.);1 1111118; DUO taill-

' ,1 'v r l ‘filn't" T‘!‘ c* "3 r" t . " H ‘1'] L""‘3 , (‘0 Cfiv “ ' 1': .41
L31 18.118 d. 111 L210 C '1‘1 11.: . loo 11L 1C 121).. 11. 11:, 1 5.111 1.1911 CL>:.1.1L._.11LJJ

was more limited than in the Pollston co nudity due to a lack of

staff members. Inruniza tions and dental programs were not con-
ducted by the Lenawee health department, as they were in fellaton

at the time of the survey.

Other service agencies located in Tecumseh included a four
year high school, churches, czd many other active associations
and clubs engaged in community service and improve:;e11t orojects.

Q

as the :eographical location of each con-

(1‘

igure 1 indica

runity awic its related health desar Lent area. The highways
1 ,. 1.1 n °. 1 ' 1:. . - .. _ 1.. 1 1 - J1 . . _._
snown are LAC main n13nways connectin, tne 00113u1ty center to

neighboring population centers

’ihe fore going description has indicated general situational
differences in the CVI.111 133. Other differences between the
individuals and families of the two COLIMDitieS are can in

following tables, bas ed upon estimate es frozn the sample data.

In figure 2 the age of the population is shown graphically in

V \
f

the comuunities studied. The data shows that in 1ellston the pop—

ulation included in the survey is concentrated in the a:e groups

5
below twenty years and over forty veers of ace. This leaves a

0 ~../

‘

smaller number in the productive ages between twenty and forty

1. .—
-

years of age. Lying in the southeastern area or gichijan's lower

peninsula Tecumseh shows a ”re

a _)

ular” age composition for its mem-
bers with smaller numbers occurring in each succeeding age group.
lfliS gives the cowrmnity a greater number of productive aged per-

\—

sons in comparison to total pOpulation.

Pellston Tecunseh

5., 19,3

60 years and

over I
22

hO-59 years I

 

 

 

 

 

20—39 years i [ 11.5 3-0,:

 

 

;:I > 7
0-19 years l 5UN 3&m

 

SO 40 30 20 10 O 10 20 30 to 50
Ni ure 2. Age composition of the sample of lat individuals in the
Pellston community and lSS individuals in the Tecumseh

community.

 

FJ

28. ”his age composition follows the general aje distribution for the
areas in which they zre located as shown by J. Allan Beagle, Kichi—
Q22 Population: Composition and Chan4e, Lichiian Qtate College agri-
cultural giperiment station section of Lociolo y and AnthrOpolo y,
East Lansing, Michigan, special sulletin 342, November, l9h7,pp- 46-

A7.

_ust ‘ravel to the nearest doctor

The dish 7.) 1C8 HniClL
shown in table I.

miles for all except 6; of the It

‘I

,nce regorter v.3 over fifteen

In Secuuseh only two percent

A

7 nee to a doctor as bein: over fif—

CL

of the fa.ilie=

T 1"]... 5" LL. I

 

 

W D ' ’3‘” :71". t. 1 .r\,"_'1| ' f: C \ flan ‘ "y ‘l C" ‘qT ,- {71..‘7 ;<W'r 1“ .4 v r Tywr‘ "T
DIgJT1‘J-UAJ LU .‘L M‘UVLL-AL'LJ («:1 l'\lJ.) 1.111;. y .ij .._.1.J LIJ— L1!“ ILLLJJ ii
73'.” ‘ “'1' a or. ‘n r -‘ \ ’w' <1 TH" .11
J- $41.54.“; ”Ll. .‘LL‘J.J .LJ.J"JL'-’-LJ.‘JIL 'KJ‘VA .1 1&1“ _.L LLLJ-l
-. ' ) . r.
Community Iellston Tecumseh

 

Total Respondents

36

50

 

Total Per cent

100

100

 

l to 5 miles
6 to 10 miles
ll to 15 miles
16 to 20 miles
21 to 25 miles
26 to 30 miles

Not reported

\1)
O\

CO

7h
16

 

Socio-Econogic Comparisons

Income and environmental factors affect the health and health

care of a population. In the case of the Pellston community a con—

verjence of adverse factors might be expected to be associated with

the lack 01 medical care facilities as will be seen in the following

Table II includes various socio-economic factors shown to be
related to health and health care. The gross income of families in
Pellston is lowe~, the modal fi ure being in the filCCO to QZOOO dol—

ar class while in Tecumseh the modal is higher, occuring in the
52000 to $3000 dollar classification. tne feature of income not
shown for the two communities is that of seasonal fluctuation,
which would tend to be greater in the agricultural and resort
area of Pellston than in an agricultural industrial area such as
Tecumseh.

Table II also shows the relative frequency of modern con-
veniences in the homes of respondents. Pellston had fewer con-
veniences than Tecumseh, but the largest difference was in the
percentage of telephones. Tecumseh had more than twice as many.
The percentage of those havin; automobiles was nearly equal;
althoujh, because of greater disoances to many services, need was
undoubtedly greater in Fellston where in case of ill health one
must travel many miles for medical c re. In case of emergency

also the limited number of telephones would delay the sumnonin:

of help if the individual needed medical or hospital care. Hews—
papers and radios were L'eund in L'ewer house in Pellston, as were

sanitary measures such as running water and inside toilets. Hhile
this list included only selected modern conveniences, it indicated
a lower level of living for residents of the fellston con unitg.

F i1 \— 1133', Table II shows the educ::-tional attairh'aent OL the
wife or female head of the fa_ily. A hi her percerta“e oL all
upper school trades were completed by neubers of the Tecumseh
community. This 's further shown 0v Lor‘l att inne:L sof the
two 'roups: in fellston this was ceipletion of the eighth jrade
and in Tecumseh the oeupletion of hijh school.

Recent years hale ‘ound various or ani sations sponsoring
health projects of a preventive or eduthional nature. In this
field many philanthropic, labor, and farm orjanizations have taken
part. Jhe eLL ect of or ahizational neubership then shou'rl be an

,

increased awareness of healt problems lDQ an increased denanr

:14

T

for adeeuate health resources in the co Lunity. Difierenees are
indicated in the comgtnities studied as shown by data not listed
here in tabular form. It indicates th Lt while Pellston techLe

to have hi her church attendance, membership in fern and labor

orjani at ions was greater in fecumseh. fhe ratio of members of

labor or farm or;anizatiens to non-menbers is one of every five

in Bells ton and three in e ch Live for L‘ecu seh. Lhis indicates

greater participation in or anizations on the part of Tecumseh
people. Cons iderin; only the far; roLulation a greater fiercent

er” or-

r-g

of the farmers interviewed in Lecuns' eh were nLeif rs of

ganizations than were those in Pellston. LL those listed as non-

! «a

farm in fellston 10,3 were union members. In Lecuuseh the

-27-

Y

g )3] SAOWiH; a greaber or

r m. J a . *1 ._~
EUyULQELOh in -PCUJbCh.

a." -_,v~‘
\ l; -
.1

ization of both

r'"-..’a"~ ‘fI
thwuq .L

 

 

 

( \er - ,| '2 ‘ 'V'm n'f A "7'71 ,1 ‘\.’_'1':‘,. | 7-1 '_ I . -‘ '- 1 '71}. jfi '~' w)
Ll) v4. -'.J_£'J. \. . . ILL! “'11.; ..‘.'u/ 24416.41 ;-.L‘.J.) L ‘1‘ n ’ 1.. u .1 .._J L J 1‘ .5. 114114;)
T‘.‘ . .‘f ‘5' n‘ 7 ' . F,’ .1 r" i ' "F p ‘ “ 7‘.“ '
.LL! .. ‘14,..L.~_/..V;. .u.x.l ‘_JU\J4--AJ--I-L ‘Jx...4..«.kx‘. 14.11-14"

‘1 V. D 7 l.~J- ~ r" r- h
Communitj 1e- spun iecumse
T + 1 ‘._) h' "-v‘ [_1 _..,‘4. ‘/ CO

V _- -4 Ok'fi 1 LL 4 iv
0 a. (C J J. I S Q /

 

Total Per cent 1C0 1C0

 

Characteristics
Gross Income, 19n8

;ECO-lOOO 31 12
l,CQl-2,CCO 3 1A
2,001-3,0QO 19 38
3,00l-S,COO 1h 28
Over 5,000 3 8

Kodern Conveniences in
the HOme

Telephone 28 62
Running Mater 53 82
Automobile 83 86
Inside Toilet 25 3
Daily newspaper as 96
Radio 92 100

Education of uife or
Female He

Completed 8th grade 3 14
Some high school 22 2~
Conpleted high school 17 3A
Some collode 3 1h
Completed college 6 6
Not reported 6 2

 

\"

w All percentages are based on a percenta;e of the total yopulu—
tion snarled and are rounded to the nearest whole number.

A

-49-

'r‘
-LLJ

The Level oi health

in

for Fellston in th013T;

I‘ v ‘- - fl -1.._ 'Y I' ‘ '1‘ ‘“ " i \ '
UL Villa L'l’fiuul; [I C 1-1)“, -11 Luiolv Ck): _.l. .LJli yo

’1 J- ,——. 'l' ‘» 1‘ ,~| , v - ‘x' ‘2‘ : 'r “I ‘ ( r< 1 '~.- .

Io bCoU tnis assuHQCion tne "-d ,to- now
1. ,, 1 , i . ‘ - .3- . 4. fl ' ..
terw;ne tne 1ev l )1 noultn “Md ninlsi ml? in

if} CQDCJZ :11. CL.

‘ x A J*‘,”~r\J- r~~~, «m-..qu ’"J ..
bulk-13d Dual.) a)”: r) ”fit. Tl 0n DUG 1:1 in. 30

°. . ,- “v-1 .2 -,
('3. .leu.-;-C 0:.1. fit-Bexl *ivblfkl CL 1.1.1":

if nece a doctor nus

29

4
C“
\-LJ.

sein ior tre BAGH‘. I:

care in eich connunity a eported ay the info

had one or more P" but all

“a

J- .
{1‘ \ ' ’ F:
.4. U0..L..

first group called ”all

icion ghoul d oe cons ult

not

. 1 ‘I
(31* ' »\ 1-
one loyal oi

...
LL
~J — A

neeltll Care

'1
(.44

C 0121

sult in lonv

Q

<roacn' was
L

" ’A'L 1
Fe ".701 UCQ
‘

cgr
v.4

11" Gr

reant.

were treated he we:

01"

been con:

‘ I ‘
.' N .. -
I; )LLlD'A

non—I.D.

.ICIQL

3...;
C“:-
C)

U78

jrxrcons approe

.5

constituter

.4 ”no. a l J
x \A. 11 y’ ‘49.:— U
C. h ‘.613(w ~\
1 :2. up. .wll

\ "

I.)

and

“j

 

“ ~--- I" ’14" . I 11’ r " 4‘ ‘\ \ "1' ‘2‘ Fl ‘ " ' q

:_o s¢:3§fi;or.s 1f01<3 agoxctrtl lie \q"; 1 ] (JSLL iii Lfl'e -L.‘J-Ml ltfll') txew eci
" " ’. — ". ‘ ‘.- - r. .- A 'L' -. ».- " ‘- ”A", 7'?
29.1L er n. Lcnuler , selz o. L-go enu nenlg u. I;I:ovor, 1.3.

:d for IediCEl

;oc io lo;j, o1. 11 ;

urin~ LIIIe t fie

"1281115
netnod” mural

’(fS C)

-30-

-—An

11.39”“.21

f2—138, June,

ent in

1915.

.cn'

Higher Level of Health and Health Care Lower Level

Fellston

 

 

f

44- 22% ]

a WMN~

 

 

Tecumseh

 

 

 

 

All symptoms treated by M.D. or non-M.D.
No symptoms reported

Some symptoms treated by M.D. or non-M.D.
others untreated

All positive symptoms untreated

E] [WI

Figure 3. Level of health and health care in Pellston
and Tecumseh communities

-31-

P1. ' ‘71 1—; ‘3" h F ' '—"'.‘i p: ’Dfl f Y‘ t‘l“ffi i'.1"f (“‘4 "I1"- V! C" ’4 I (3 r‘~_‘ 7‘4' ’ C‘ ‘L 7'3’5 fl 4— K 1
‘- 1:1. ‘ LAOS._S n- f s C-L I ..A .1 -th _& .V A' _'.~.,4 Ll. .-L..L '\~‘ ‘ A. "- ‘_- ,- '-. k' SC. :1 n. . \JLL." L’J. 7. L'tO.

; Y W
‘ A ,,, .. +
l

t n.l. or ron—L.?., ctnela Lnureeted." ;he fourth group res Ctr-

I N

' P‘ ‘ n. . r" " . ‘1 ' -- - ‘ vfi ‘~ A r‘ ‘. CN‘. (V‘ ' ~- - _- -.-~ -_ ... r
so en o1 inHiVi uals icr Lh‘n_uhu cr LClG ob;»tons were re creed:
-1. 1.- ._ ,q I M . .L ,. . _..: -. .. .. . .' -.-° - ,4- - m“ .,. . '
but the ni_ not CCuShluCu I ,nwnic- n icr Clxqumlb tr Ic “nest.
mx- ,.- H. .y “1,.,.,.-: .21 1 "91': .° 4 .‘ ,.- -1, . . . . ,,
.Ll-_1._ S Pi LL:| ‘2’. 'S 3 Cd; '- 4';- '( .1 Cf; .i) (_-.L__J. '. L Ritdwe (:3. i ’ bL-fl I..- U. 2.1"? L11 ‘ . ._ J 5.] {Q

,. . u ._ .- K, _ W , .-.-r”. .3 .. -1 7 ..... ,
lroups three ind lCLr mere ClUSplilLH ws t3: ”-c.er lGVEl c

and He’al th Care . "

77 -, ..; .7 .2 - -\ 7, . uni. ‘ ',-:,.._ _ ,--~ 1-7-~ T .1 .7 . J
m? min tch SHOES tumu the incl :30: of sd.,to s, ”netnor tio-teu
- ' rs ,3 . r~ .1fi '1’.- _’ ‘IN D 1A _ 1,— .,_ ‘ - ‘ -. .L -. m? .N: . .‘., "9 v-
or UQETQJteu, is ne;Iiy egu.l Ior uCtJ co ‘unlo108. lne 5-1;nt-3

’n_tcxs in the Eellston cor unity may be du. to

_i ,
~eliston sat

CY‘
>3:
(1)
“S
T.)
S
y. 4
(D
"'2'
O
(7‘)
E+
‘1
(7
H)
LI
"3
}_J
<"
J
g
>_..
'1
I-
U)
[.1-
:5
cf-
(3
h"!

under twenty years of :ge.30 Significznt differences in health care

- . ..4 ‘ . ~‘.- 3". I ..1 ’
yeje found :n the trea,npnt of Iejcrteo 111 mealtn.J

-.- ° .,. ' o .z.‘ .: -,u' .- .. “ 3 1.,“th ,. :I --1-.-..'.-..7 I.
*-SlX percent Cl the lh-lV.dUaiS 13 the semgie h-u uncie.tco .cSi—

UV

tmr Ht
I}! '1 A.

n - - 4.. . fl _, .. V ., pm:
every c4rae ~esxcns reperting

tive syrptoms a rstic of two out Cl

 

30. Health Feeds and Health Cire in Lichif L. Cu. Cit. 53. 17—18.

‘ .5 ~

 

‘ . or nc: betteen tho percent—
aees is based on the null hypothesis that the two percertnjes

-. .1 ‘-.- . .- .. .. , .. ,.‘_.' 1, - x..., - w ,e - _1-, , :- .. y

Vere ooh rfed irons- Sdhle LhLCh 12y n-te $91 ~i.wn lrflm the
~ 41 1 1 __ ‘_ ,v, \f. 7 . ...,. _ «Hm .. 1; F‘

9— e univerce. 11 twe arc-art, c; tne thO _eficcnt y s emfyerod

r, .—' j -.. . ' . . |

(Is klffiflg. is t. hr“ -

l —. W ,.\ . —"‘-.-. 3 " "‘ ’ —.-. 1,. “
‘oservec 1:3 'c«.< tI .2? 3r l :s, the null
Ft? ezmmwwczs dvcl;3*~‘ ea”—
(N

Y.

L . ‘-
I“ ‘l '4 f‘"‘ ‘V‘fiJ‘ CW" +4-“1': fit" “ -‘-’\ ‘.C(‘s‘t ‘NI \ ‘. (NJ- (I
-) -‘A r: ‘rmlL \: L), t_.’g' ,_ Lj_. (J .. \_.-\-.“ 1 (2‘1 x/ ‘ J--Lz_ C, 19¢ )

. .__ ._ \J
Eerry hclt and Co. Fey York, lcb7, Chapter 17.

 

SV'j’Q—;to

A U - "A

<1
(‘0

hevjrqf

ercent of the individuals

tryiet,

“icwl needs ten

Tecuweeh cnly

ei revet‘efl urxet

A r tie of or? :CTSCQ cf efich four regorting .cwrtive 532 text having
fitjl el‘tc CLTY“Ilt <icctCYu The j?rvcr_tfléa fioeitixxi cf Ikmnl'ee? is
further e.»L si-e£ by €»:1_h1rtirn of the C;ta fcr ‘he state health
survey of Lichi~an 5L4Ch rc :rtefl that 7cr the state as a 11cle trerty
two gercrrt cf the iniividuals hid been rc;crte9 as h: :33 one or
more Uttreltei geiitive sgi1tom; ZLL to ten percent in Tecumseh.

The rural segrent of the

rs

1 ‘ v ’—
trllv.‘ C-t€‘SCI‘E ) .1

uercent in

J.

t 1 '3: ty— :32):

’3’)

.18 Tel. 7Crtfizfi“.

SLIil r to tne rellzton e n;le.’”

 

k1)

‘ ‘1 The

ip

}.10
I

‘1). 15.

(p. Ci_t., J

n
\I .

L1;

-

\J

 

 

 

rur:l

("

.rio n with Tecrzm

- 1 -‘ : w. ' ~17 ; 3."! —.
ssh n~vla£ LVCT 250b 1
:f‘xn

There are re urb

...l

for ccxp

ecu; ul:ticn

-: -L ‘< — ~ p r ~~A«---y - , w '\
_.. L127: A) 4;:1. Cre’ C CC). L-‘ « 4L1i| fJC‘IW ‘- (“S I! ' \_ e
.L‘ J.. _L . .. '1
UN? ct-.e Cityie.
q

Txble ILI sheis t1 + in both co rnnities e positfive re1utien exists
between gr as income of the fL:i.3 arfl ,hc lcvn1 c? hefiltr mere.
:3 grcee fayily irCeie decljre3, tn; eercentuje Cf ix'iviluwls hev;nj
‘untrevter7*?cn*tive ";'_'ters L:crf‘ "1. Tie CCJ; liflile iMCCLJi ‘rcu s
in lEEL stcr, rxtvr' r, Er-1 cc 1d; te1tflgr Lev 1*.L4Veudj Cf tn firth :Ixi
health C' e tVun 1ifi these cf TCC -e h. This ixijc tie thgt when
ilccc e: if‘ cor flurrt ixle .CCeznj;b?fl;itg’ oi‘:.'i“(:;l I‘;SCQR‘CDESI. ; lye 031
i3>ort‘w teeter in t1* nérlth 43* h: 1th C.re of 3 Ct 'Lni V

Tehle IV C" vs the “Lit c tvgnty s=vee s; ftCLs u‘:d to det;r—
rive ne ” r ; ‘iC‘l tte tien if? tie lcticn taken in each ogre. i
i.ec1 o? the fregvency of currenee revei1s thzt 1n the Pellston

CC? unity 2 7TJBtPT number of
trourleeur’fler‘trcuble. ”150
sisterdLEJ‘cuache erxli,ereisten
CCLHunjty re crte? higher in

-.- ‘1 .1 .D v w- .
JJJ'tflO (Doculzwa.ce Ca 3‘ ;d,u s
" .. : m: 4.
8101111. _.' Ca: i“ U o
{'4 ' ”J. -' ‘ ' ‘l p .. .
lhe rel. Jcnsnlp o treer
- 1 ‘.l-‘ .1. F.-. ..L
s;fistcm ad lbb uruLLIFHb Cwn
- ~-~ a r“ - /~ n V" . 7 '
re:01te 1s rec iViLC Ledlcfii

1V0

.. ,.

L

her of fiesjt eyrptcns * for

J

corxunity thirty— seven percent

receiveJ :' .

percent the reported posit

In the

inwlvlrt L re re;orte Lo “wve Qolth
'x " a ~ -' '- —,-\ .1— -. ~ : \—_ _‘ -
, ILTP .rg\uert;y Ldmuitn? I re .er-
4. »:~'w- :. .Ln” - --f..:. .. .,.-q
t ax_L e 1.;Lnr: JCLTLLJ. Lei} chu..kl1
. 7‘ v 10 r ‘ 7 54 v -' *r r _J an " “ '7
Cl'QJCQ ”or Ce.nw; C; JLJ cvr enu
_' . - r» 4.! 1.1" mu H. II x . - 'r C
11L o;_ age rm-1m. Lne LL:F1-‘Y§€CZ€3 SMCRTI
_, _ .x. ‘ . ’ ’* 1. ~,\ , . - -2 “- -
'dIe too Shgi- to we .t tint C 113
the occurrenca 01 L recoinized ;Cs;t;ve
‘L r\1 q- ’a'," t 1" . v < 4-? '7 f\ _'| ""p T L “ ‘1‘
3)? s‘flL".‘.L] (,2, tJ~L-1 ) {4:18 T111107? CL. SJ; LLILJKIIS
. '4. . .2 VJ ‘- '7‘; ._ 1 , -1 t .
:“TJ u€-:t-;k/ xi: 1M ('-‘\Irl‘__.4.]| 03] LL. :, tL‘th- J 11).; .-
_ -1 n ' V1.7. A . ‘, a ' ' 7; ‘-
tv». TulS quVC tdet 1n the ’311st0n
\‘n '1‘. a r.“ 7" (2*— “Irm‘ ‘»'r“'- (“'3 ”x C‘ -.. a \. r: . ‘L 1' 1r
CJ. (J.1\J LDJA (Jw L- I'y‘)OL lek. («J ‘_-(u'LJ_-1_LI.LJ

Tecuween ccnxmr1t U 'dve

. "\ - -
y Diluty—

T"

‘-

ive synptons ecei"ed T:edical tCCFbano

TniL III

 

 

 

 

LLVJL CF HEALTH AID H ILTH CA”U CF ILLIVILULLB K
rCLLLTyi A43 T;CJLLLE CC-1 U II 1.3 CL.L L ILL
ACLC 13:11.} 'L‘C ‘11—;?;C;:‘.LT;—L.IL1' II. ' ECLIL‘
Level of health and H alth Pellston Tecum s- eh
Care under l5OC—3OCC under 500- 3COO
Gross Cash Income 1500 3000 & over 1500 3CCO & over
Total Number of Individuals A9 66 31 27 91 62
Total Per cent lCO ICC 100 100 ISO 100
Higher Level: 65 75 84 85 92 95
No positive symptoms 51 6I 7h 63 59 53
All positive symbtoms
treated by an M.D. 12 IA 10 22 32 36
All positive Lyk,uors
treated by an Non-L.D. 2 O O O l 6
Lower Level: 35 25 16 15 8 5
Some positive syr:toms
treated by an H.D .,
others untreated 8 2 O A 3 2
Some positive symptoms
treated by an H.D.,
or non-M.D., other
untreated 2 O O O O 0
All positive symptoms
untreated 25 23 16 ll 5 3

 

-35-

 

 

I L: 0 r r e. 1 I 1L \
, v , _. .A. ,
“1 L .r ..f\ ...\ r. _. .... ..La r t! r 5. . Q ..
\J o w .— .J
I f) :4- x ; x. _I. \.lhl .1!

(.,tL:wHa . moofi:uc0 «CHHccc:
.. 1., b .1 x . _
V.F\JP....'_\I®H) CL! Irvwa-FIJH'JIWHI FKIHHI.” .IIHIVIHU Pom H...%\+

 

Leave» om edwpwpeud 0 H N w 0 H N

 

CZQHnHwHSOL chm 00 : . Q: 00 005m o<oh H0 H0 H00. 00 3000 H5 .

Hmma m mom.“ moseQSm C:::0 H0.. mzw erHvks :00 Hoop ow :mHurw 00.0 0. .0 . 00. 0. 0.0
nosfiwzrgm Hoem om mmwfldpwm....................................... 00.0 0. .0 . 00. 3. 3.0
0:0H0Huwzmu wwwmmzomm", Hm :HmHHH................................ 00.H 0. .0 . 00. . 0.0
.stduaww 00H.AUH empxw" amHHOHmw HuHor <1.» 090w....._.............. ...... .w. 0. .0 . 00. . 0.n0
0000 dmeozu wow 0000030 00 oHomm your. m.w.u ampaHrm........... . m. .0 . 00. . 0.
.23.... . 1.1.3; .-.o -3000: :00 00.0 .8 rHoE CH. H.5........H.u . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H , 0

\C.

EthaUurn+me~Md ~)(nkpfl.j‘mruooooooooooooooocoon...coo-ooooooooooooooooooo

.0»C‘

COG:
o

33HJHJC\\30u

01003030)me

CCOOOOCOOOO
OHNer—JHMJ—‘E—JN
CHNHr\JHO\I\J\OO\I\>

kdkdnavwr—r-AJFJr-c>\3

O
\nC'mHmHNCOmO
MNC‘\W}—'HO\I\)HL
O

\3\O\O\Q\O\O\O\3
O
OQHCWO\C\U‘INO\\N

meanzq uanHmm mdcwwdedm. ufiwSSotHzm. zed<ozm rwmnwsoid. H000.

« C

-cowawnrm........................................................ . H. .0 . m. . ..
0:90Hm Ho ova: moon" HmoHr :m sw: ow chmmsm.................... . 0. .0 . 00. . 0.0
.oam Socwy. 000 HO c0mdwm ow twp; . m............................ . 0. .0 . 00. . 0.
m...p..u . H 0.5.5. UH...H5. .5:................................ o. o. .o . 00. . c.o
cmchmdmwd mgH: Hmemm ow HHb :05. 00. $05. :wwmmezg.OLH: ArsO

H00: 00 Sowmv................................................. 0:.0 0.0 0.0 m.b H00.0 0.0 0.0
ficfinm ow QHmooHowog #900300 0: min.............................. 00.? 0.m 0.0 H.H «0.0 H.& 0.0
wmwwwmwosa :9 .-Sm 9: o:om ......................................... 00. n 0.0 0.0 0.m 00.0 0.0 0.0
modmwmfiwzd oup.:u AmHomTH QCHCm H5 osmmdv....................... 9 .; 0.0 0.0 H.0 0,.0 0.0 0.0
09:.:.B . ow m_ afipzm UHooa....................................... H00.c 0.0 0.0 0.0 H00. 0 0.0 0.0
Lm<mdm m:0%¢:mm . ow wwmfiwfin nmwmd 00H: HH.W0 :OHH.............. 0a.? 0.0 0.0 H.0 00.0 m.q 0.0
wmafism ow wmwwo<od............................................... 0m.H 0.0 0.0 r.0 00.0 H.b 0.0
gmamw+ mp OH «000 m:mS¢ rpowmarm.................................. no.m H.H H.H H.m 00.H m.m 0.0
Howmwmfiozd HmHSm Hz gowzwm....................................... 0m.u 0.0 0.x r.0 00.0 p.0 0.0
0003 on HLSUHzm mowmm 0H rH(<: H:cc go 000 :0 r;H................. H00.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 H00.0 0.0 0.0
wowmema OH #00 .Ho¢.00 mZmH_0.w om mSWHmm" AHso :00Wu 00 50000.. -0.b 0.0 0.0 H.0 H00.0 0.0 0.0
mwvmwwmw <oaHOHsm. EdowwH 0m:m ow Codmv................L...... H00.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 00.0 0.< 0.0
amummfimn ow fidOHo oswmc meSm H5 mdoamo: on mzwirmwm H: mvaoaos.... 00.0 0.m 0.0 N.w 00.0 H.b 0.0
muthwm. :mHSHw. ow ammwwzm ow wwzmm............................. 00.0 H.0 0.m H.H 0r.m m.< 0.0

a

\C
..-
\O
C
O
C
O
O
H
O
H
\o
(r,
O\
Q

OOHHAJawmeOHHrU...OOOOOOOOOOOOI.......OOOO.........OOOOOOOOOOOOOOO

nonuamswwH Hsbcchmu Uwowmz 00:00» Tana ow mo<owm szcHme.
mooHszde 00+u SHSmu mzzro 0-000. 000........................

\O
C\
03
O
C
C
C

w.m 00.

k.)
0
O
O
.\]

CEO-\var-‘OU‘th-‘IP-Q

b.) (\3 C‘Kfl- I—’ f—‘ l—J IO

3 C C‘:
O I
-35-

l‘
\.
0

¥
/

K
O

Q

(d f‘

0
f
\

-1 (.2 K.’
2 -\1 N)

'\

C

PJCCDK’DCZNF-JOOC:

F+\J\JC>C>FJ$‘C)\J

O
O

O
O

 

0

- . ,. . . (.... d
0 u :3 +_13.i..::cj+. 01 :35; 3,1: I .... k n

20 000HOH<® mHEjHoE M u edm$05230 0% m SOSISCLHO;H 000000
0.3._._J._:.;_...0 T: ..+. 3.. _.0.._.J.;..H ......MOOLEJH.

P\

...

. _ 1 J— ' T
.3 ' ' ' " ' “) ".‘~ 1‘ ‘ ‘ .' \- "- .‘_ fi ' r. ,
1: 0 , ..' 1‘ L . p9“ DOL;‘..€‘.“H MA“: 0.,

O
’1
r,
L I"
‘W
C’)
.‘
x“)
I I
J)
C
H
(‘V
I
J
r
I
{3
‘Li

‘ f1 _ . ' "- 1‘ , , .0 _' :-
.‘ p ‘;.‘1- -‘ :‘/ f.'?

J-” ,. nu - ,.V .‘ ,_ mi ~‘ . d..'.. ...p ..x. . ' 1
‘ /5‘( (" fix ‘ "x .‘t rt." f." vi 1- ‘v."‘ 3.1- ~ ‘ ‘. H-r'} 1 » cw w,v \ '1 . £~ - _-"‘\,
Ljrfikf ”‘11.; ‘.‘ ey I‘x“ . ‘ U'-‘-L. '1'. ' g L . .’~ . CC; - 7.3 .J L - J ,t' f I. x (131.14: . A ‘4 t .. C 4.1'1_‘=_7 01.33. J V M Q

T” Lu, ,:” wrvr w f‘n H 13“” '1 m u n'HL Am \ .r» b 'M,
;n Uhe .;1 YLNLQS ;CFHLQ ;ec;»Jhw the “wrvcg iliLCUH ,Craunt CL EMS
° ,_ -‘ —' 2 ..—V W .' ,. 7"”? "1,4. «m . - ~ ,\ ~ -L -..,‘ - ‘- m - " - ~ , - - . ,‘r v
lfl‘T-V_:I.AN-;;C L}! L‘:,..a.. . ' Li: - .; 7?. -‘v - C‘f‘bw- JILL 32.116 --.OJL CH3 CI' .'. CI'E: \«VVJTS

- 1— L . .-. .0 311-”,7.“ T,- r1 . (m \ 4 - L- v ..... .—
nor , pecLuue ck 4H+4v ». -u iccc. an bum f1 LTC 1 g b éitd pare Lt.

w. : :3 pp , ,-_ 4 ,9, __n~. A .1. ,, . :. I: ... ° ,- , .- : ,_ - .L
1&48 (1- n?r@nce 9;. st I\;_L Cb g V ibyTBLLD.33! ccnu ,xhu,: CI‘-U1 erwt“

V “‘1 1.‘ --1 1‘ ,1-r‘n,. ,- : -.L, 1.: -.- 7'” : - :o- .,
Levi, UthMCU.) ‘1 id? ‘A«7:;1"t‘:;1Cv.;’. _.S 110i} I; gimp}: ..; .‘f S;f11-._:.lc\;_nt.

110 Use of Health Services

rm

The lack of mefiical recour es in a conzul ;ty wculj oe ex—
pected to Tee‘lt in a reflucticn of their us, if uhe 32riousncss

' F ,. ...e ,- 1 ,~ A ".1. 1, 4,, : ' 2, . . a. .L
of 112L033 Tenn r01 CCDntanb. 1he ylbcedln: sectlon HQLORStIAbed

than are those livirg in tP19 reilstgn cc1_2nity. In order to

f‘b -'- F. u; 1Y3 czr

v.5
\I

. . - ..- :1 .9 ..2-' ._ - ' : - ., , 2.
dpterl inu L}€ m1n a Q; 1ez1cul SUfVlCC utLl;zed uu& t:

w 9' ’ . ~ ‘.- r3 0 ‘ f- w_ _. ' _ r .~ '7 1- ‘ ‘ 1-“:
.aptx: 13cc1u1m_ tum Aguc2v'92 2eale J sucxs t2e results of th1s

r q ‘1 *\ ' ‘ 1 V‘ 1 v" - ‘. - -_ ‘ ‘_ 'l \ ’ r‘ -' .1} 1 1
'uthicn. 1t 31 as td t toe nerveuha_0 LI ‘CT 033 M50 a

L

C(‘Y anvil-F '11:. o '12" ‘1 (v far: (:4. .‘m' .9" A 131—711 ("‘3'\C 4-» r uQ e of '1 .n _
, - 11.... “J o _-A..-u - J n. u...» _-.L -b'-~--b- {..‘L A, L. _ s... .1.
90
' :P- 2, -- F , A .-‘L‘fi- 4.1,, ~4.,.
3:0-1L's rvwcro amen EL “9 Loc tpd I'uulh pfic c022un11‘.J/

2 .. ».»-_‘ ,, :2 4.1,, V.‘.,.,,,' ..-:2 1 , . A 9‘ ‘
1 002; fJDLV 0; bag ccr 1_;t1¢s _2t2 tan rdr,l 3;.flu 1or tue

”-11,.

.L, .1.
8 mi. LJC"

' 2: . + ‘7 w :1. 4 .‘fi :.1 L'.. n ...q m b , I
1nc1c uGS tue x;rmut_o;¢ 1 ”fig uver1 G upe c; . 11

I I -| I O 0 1 o , \
Clin's snrv:cos Drivern tfg aver;;e rural (rem :2 :1C32jww gnd

33. 11rn122vauce: 1hr V“G o? T to t of Slgnificance Fives a
confirence value cf .01.

'3 ,_ -1 0 .LI, ‘ ._ .. :1. ' ._' 1 J. 2- .-.‘1 . D 4.11

2h. COLA r2s.n o; baa 00211h2p103 2;,n U»; 231, a .‘lo C1 219
J. nJ. - (- 1 -L -. u- 1" : ‘ 1 ’ (w 1- ,»-1 1 ‘~ 'r ~ ‘ -: J- ‘l\. J. . -‘J— rp‘y
31, 22,13 _-:. s1..~..;2,1»d: 2.5 o: ‘11 an the 12;. Ct 26332.3 1,1111, 1.2 L'LIC‘V 1
.- ‘. r, (:13 , ‘. 2 :4. . ,.. . .34.- «.74— :
_nq't1e Tecu: e11 co.run11gz hue €11.1122uj‘cwx;uer 1E3<fiflir 2,5“;

2 w 1,, 2 - ° .. 1 a .1- - 1 -..L 1, . ‘. ,. . “M- 1
tan; an re t1g+r hedld_m r01 qucb k1pH bse ,v2rcuux21 enu?
( \_.I

J
. :+ a, a M: . 2-. ,-,v 7? v ”~“ 3‘ 1r . ' 2 -L
1 11112117 8.1%le xivILU. I“ 53::1‘i11L-1rtlto 1111 ‘._L 1.1 (XLI'- C11,? . . 1‘ Out
1
D

 

I
kg
(,0
I

1 ""‘I ;F T“r'y"“7 ' 1:. "1; ‘A‘ V'i T qr‘.’ ‘r ‘frl‘I :15} ‘1TT v 3“ij n. j r‘- "‘1_:fi'- ‘10
74 K1? I .;_)_.L ‘1! ..L/ 111..” _LL! 1. £144.14” LL. ; _;,g° lgMULJJJJ‘i UL,.¢JII...L-.LAJKJ
1- ,3" q T f, ‘nw‘x. "H1 3 'A w 1 "‘1‘"; y- m- ‘ . ‘JYTF-g’lj y; 3h FUT‘I‘” : 1'11"?" 'v'fl
III.) V113“! xi JL’LJlx. 1". 1i Duo ~I1§FLLLJJ l-UL,.',-J|9 L? '._L; L 2 .LJU.L ..J

TF7“? OT‘F_‘""""T‘Y! 1 ‘7Tx1‘ “w‘Ffr‘t‘r‘ rpm-r '17:?‘I3"
.iJ L.)..LJL .L\.:.. -11 ‘4” L_L_\.,‘U 4 'I‘LJ‘J-J-JJ. \J 1.1...1 L-\.J...I;J.L

PV9“N*“2:
-J.!.\J IL 111142

 

 

Community Pellston Tecumseh Rural Part
of State
5 (my; 1 e

 

Total Respondents 14A 185 1738

 

Total Per cent 100 100 100

 

Number of calls

12

F4
\0

2—4 8
5-10 3 5 6

11 or more 1 r 5 5

 

.A- 1., r. m..“.¢,. - -1 :.~ «Lo. ‘ .... .1 ,.
_3e2 ado “an o nctutgd a ;x.slclmw ugc or ,cle t_ 33 Lore lass

r‘w . '. - ..».. ...‘..'4 . r ‘ . :. , . .. ...,._ ...L. ..1- .. n -
18011.80: Ck..- .. c CC; olll' :. ..‘ --Cg. .‘ .» ‘ (3L._.x..'_fLJ.;1-.'o7 ' ;1_!._11CJ."

b 2, , u . . -w
than tFe ; ireée Tc: the ruryl yo ulstitn C the state.

1ne location of redicul gerocnn l cnfxgod ;n private Lodicel
przctice to vhcu :xnilios in the Tellaton cc::unitg go for uedicgl
c.re is shcvn i“ fig~v3 A. The divisicr of the cc.-2gfity follows

2- r-, 3 a '2 -- _ 5 .. . ,_., .. .- n .- .2 --.: . , -- .. - ._ : .1. . . A .
c1. -mll" . if”? '1, -L- . I" F ‘30“ .3". ; _. C- L. . \....L \. _‘. 7AA.“ l‘ii on d. 3 53011.; by, C .1 L1: 7: 2181‘-
~._- .. .1 — ..

U

*L“
('1)
}_.I
! .J
0)
1+
0
H
...J

12“-. 2.-. " .' 1... .— r .. .- ,1 .1. 1 ,. - “
sons llufl tne leverlp~ 1r9$ LOLL; b0 CABOOyqu. In the

.° -0 - A, . .. w -. .- ,. 2- . Lulu . 2-
1e 1*:ornouts re Oftud :gtos_e¢ as Dler Real-

-50-

 

 

 

Figure 4. Medical care center for non-village
families of Pellston community

Teen Bob is t*: reiTCS? C'fie 0
ccrqiurtitgr e1xyzft; if: iEx: tr? 9 :zre-.
h Tecura-L and Lfiriar cuyrvr tie:
to Adri-n fer nedical c;re. A few
cent ccngunity Garters fer uedical

. J- - ~, .. : .1- .4... J 4-7 .-
.-rlu “ J 01‘ 123s;¢.exxu-~ -r1 ulhgt
“- -- . -1- .1, war — 1, ..
¢;-n« “flunk Lac bouueery oetvecn
“.1. 1' -1 . A 1‘ :‘7 ', . ---'
, .,u:.u C)‘ thiorxs U. ;_LluC: «L231?
‘1 \_‘

yorsons, however,

J‘ i"ur

0;. as Sbcvn jr 8 5.

"G

I . fi r: '7 f. 4 \‘r -. .. I r‘ 5" J— r‘ 'v‘ ‘ .‘ .r,‘ ~-
It 1b CViuCHt .103 tnu ICQU4bS regciteq 13 T ole VI that
“ ~ '- -‘ j ' A ‘flA 4- " 1‘1" ~2v‘ fl an, L U .3" “ w '3 > w J- \ .,
110 :mw;3 cudjls KCVV;.{C ornxat u; .L ;L.p :-u” 3.x'tdc .caLispcml ccnp—
.' - : e . ‘ , x n - ‘ V. ° :4-
runxtg. I- 11¢ person. recelved tredthent, bus; eltn . VlSLde

.1. en: A ,- . ,.-
a deeper's 01:... or acre luv
‘.- m ’- ‘~ ‘- \ ~ ‘ 2 4- v- V -‘-~ \q
Ir1 tale 4 ~CL1.S;.u CL.. .a - J; Lu.eL 2
.LI- . '4..., wv- .- a ‘J— -.f' .L
LL'G CC - Plb " S'-’.. NGI‘C’JI L1 L1. L:

[1

,.rison o

:.
l

- r- .— - - -. ~ r-J- -‘-‘ v ‘.,
rm? 1 Um-‘lc “L -C ems Ungt tus
-‘ n .' n mam: n- .-°
Lnat ¢; L .m5.i01.u's q;TEiCCS

. . J.‘,- .' .L ,v D N ‘ I
cor1un1ty, uwiS ug'e c; 351v1ce

- u .21-.“ r‘ ., " .1 .- .. '

LC . mas;; 4L icr RJClCa* attention.
I: \n'l‘ hm _ C" 1-’i "r 1 7 Y“ '4': rm": .

--CK. L10; x; r0919.-. («1 e ‘5; -..CLIJ-C~., « ll’l

__ .11,
(vi
1... ,1
11,..u.
I

* 1 r,-
1-__._‘

‘_/'

-42-

or hCfie

Q >o—. _L I 1 Q -‘
e 51-,L r. IV Techs ercn.o;e
een ava€lable in the Pellston
1 _. 1 ..L:1‘. ,
th h;ve DEEIILLU'41LCCH

76 (UN;-
4 M

 

7(C0M54w

 

0081

 

 

Figure 5. Mod our. outer for non-wines.

tannin ot Tecumseh omit:

ABLE VI

THE PERC A'LILI-IL OF II “IVIDUALS ID- :-_.LLSTON AND TFCUISCH U1 -ZUIIITY
WHU SAN A DUCT R A WHQT‘“ TEDI UHDLR F TIFES AT THE ‘“II.UT 8
HQ”“ DURIII} TEE UIY—IC .TH PLRIOD rnLCLUIIF HL ITTLIVIL

 

 

 

 

Community Pellston Tecumseh Rural Part
of State
Sample
Number of Individuals 14A 185 1738
Total Per cent 100 100 100

 

Number of Calls

0 . 100 9A 9A
1 - 3 3
Z-A - 2 2
5 orimore ~ I l

 

1e use 0; radical care in igat;s the kind

of doctors utilized or r mbers of the CCLJEHltiQS studieu. lable
VII shon-rec’. clearly that root f.':.r..;-_-jes CL*"‘.1-'.,ed a nedioal doctor
and that Ion—3c lic Ll doctors are iot an ix‘crtant source o he: I
care in either cc uiftT. Data on the available nodical yersonhel

envaged ir :uri 'te p: otice iM:i cated t1it only a li'ited nurber

U)

9 ~ .. 2am -— . a: ,. .- L . :- ...L n L... .1 '
Oi 0t} eI p.‘a cti t: o: .s nele availeble o0 es_:_.ert c; the CI bunnties.

Persors re'ortirf no re s, onse are those rho eid Lot establish com—
The est blis *ert of Th7t rd? be de:?"e per as "fa ily" doc-

tor relati C 5:113 in the c<*flunfities is indicated by the data in

table VIII. The figures show that the "family" doctor relation-

1

Shifi is rare veneral in a cor unity haVih" a

-J

P3

‘ ‘1‘? ‘ . '1'“? V‘, r". \-. . 'L r - i ‘. ~ ‘~-- 2 J“ 1-. 1
co ‘nlW , RfluTG lingo.-3i& quCK L -3)OTLPM o1-t teey

(.0
(D
3‘

E: (311;;~

had established suc‘r. :.-. eli'Iticnshfp than in re .L ston where se ve 1ty-

‘
*"S

two Hero'et of the I 111103 regorted that they had est b

- .. J- 77".. .L -.. -, f‘ .L‘ D 3" fl ‘ “ I .1... _‘ _
such ooetmots. Light QLFCbLt o; owe I Iiies in fielJSton reverted
‘ 4‘ J- ‘ 'Vr -‘ ‘ ’1 4‘ V. "\ V ’1‘ 1‘ 'I '1- ‘!‘\ ’ "“ 1 r \ I ‘ o ‘ : -' r. p : “ *fl
that the” hid re woooo. to “LIL ULLQ [CULJ 1c M“ clue Oi illness.

~A5-

TABLE VII

KIND OF DOCTUH TO LELM THE ELEFLE OF PLLLSTCN ANQ
TECUXSLH JIHUKITY 9‘ FUH EEDICAL CARE

 

 

 

 

 

Community Pellston Tecumseh
Total Respondents 36 50
Total Per cent 100 100
Medical Doctors 86 92
M.D.'s and Osteopaths - -
M.D.'s and other 6 A
Practitioners
Osteopaths only - 2
No Response 8 2

 

.A‘ ‘f/N '.-I,T‘,'I.‘ ." ‘ "
"DU .LUIJ &-£1-l~l A (14.1..-.

or i: :‘«‘;I:,_;IL1' co

TABLE VIII

"-~'[ ~-.\ P1" 1 1“ 1"7'm-3
.t—A—L‘ DU C LL.‘{ rlkgI :- l‘i -LIA'
IIXI‘I‘V

 

 

 

Community Pellston Tecumseh
Total Respondents 36 50

 

Total Per cent

100

100

 

Yes, a certain doctor

He, have more than one
doctor

No, have no doctor

72
20

96

 

of a rractJCin" no
J- J-r‘ I‘ - " -- -
exit in loner (:Lt
. . ' 1 0.;
EUCLID; Ct] C. S ---I.(:. .L L.

(N

QC"

.
ng - r‘s ".
4 \fi VI\/

r‘
L 2 L4.

obtainfd on iv1

.0. A - I' ‘ .v. -. .~ 1-—
lreruonc; o; rental L. -

difTerences betvoefi

. .. a : w
I} '2. [JG ~ 1.10 _LJ. ‘. A
nation and fellow

O C N '
_ . .... .. .

l -’: 1.- I
,_ \ ,_.I -_-.~-_.

1"

\
_L.

C
I 2

i

p

‘1

.L‘

vi.:._,

C

:111vIl_

Her vi

m

..A-

*7-

Cted.ixl he tw s

"0

Ci‘

,
:38 e

7";

.'_h

+-

‘
’lp.’

. , _. r r o ' ., _.- rm, .. ?.
n UJG ”roguonc; Ci JL,l1 u-e. lne lacu

,— '. , ~- -. J- - ~r —: I V A wr J—

n e o~r-mglul L-:At De LL CCUed to re—
». ...L‘. , rs 'f‘ - r -/. r J— — -‘ . I .‘ D
.rc.ents as tell as a §;eIt;r ru.ecr Cl
"an” ~:tIt -‘-"nc~\ Peg“! '1' ' fir“ "- 3 'L‘.*o
1,;. no . .1- .1 C01 I ou‘» 4i‘-"-'--1'~-‘-u 4.6.30 C'U‘Z'CLI—I-\rv

_n ...-L“,- 5' ~n_ _o ‘ -‘ n . h J»— . ‘
OI OIULLQOHULC rooeoures. Intorx.oion

1". I311?

--- . v - '- u -' ,~ ‘1 I ...5‘ .. .L ‘«
UJC o .uniti s l;o”uuea ornv UPC
0. —. ’1 J- -—,—. v‘ .‘1 r 7: -- ‘1: .-_ . ~f.~. .-‘-' '
. It la_leu U0 re1;ai Ina sigh-liount
c~vu:p’*ipc re.~ *oe ’v>(*" H’ffivnvn“0)s
1. ‘k. L... \1 - Ll. LAIL/ “IJIJ llbv 4i ..—- .L\-.L\/ L (I

l. ,1. ._ ‘ ,1- VJ. . ". ., ...I ..
school wenowl pTCCILL,

.L‘. 1- 1 r ..4. . .. ,

the f€.i.-‘_.; to." CCII.._1‘2’11t3.

*v .' ; . ° .. .r- ‘ ,..L 1., . -23- - ,.

LA is sluilm. Tor coon CC.UIL;Ule and

v‘ r ,-. I\ I» 7-. . .L ,v. _L' "- fl. J-r

Iver -e as inoioaoed b~ one use 0. anbul
.. d

sits her in

F11" 1 ‘yj ~rj,j w.) -‘ j
.L--__'.o l-UL‘LJJLQ Ll“

lL’!-L;"I"“".'-’

P17"!

iii

-‘r‘ "Jr-5.": “m 17 ,. " :3 T' '_'_. ‘v T .‘_I"‘l"f' “'n
.414.) lisuifijd ~11...) Ill luLLaJlui; guru

-.uosiVLJ Lg.“ . TLL 3.

«iv? r" ‘.

4 u

t \ . '
and 4.x)“; ‘ .JQ_;._;.. .tJ'

TABLE IX

FIV-‘(Wt "our” g“ ‘~ 7v77""~"."-‘7"§" ‘
.L‘LJJ‘JA-~J.LIIL \J\-'; at ..UL.’4..L.L.L_JLJ
.~ " {7’1" . -.‘r\{-' 1 ‘rrn‘r'rP- >"".("| \‘ i“‘.j:“ I‘j'V'fi
‘_.' , ‘ _ .- ; ‘ p 5 .1
1......) LJJ.-‘. Ala-L» LIA.) A. AL;JV‘J-J_LL-‘\I .LLLJ

In“ ~13er ". ‘5
Lu 1 LJLL‘V _A—J—J"

 

 

Community

ha

*ellston

Tecumseh

Rural Part
Of State

' .- .‘L
Samalen

 

Total N mber of
Individuals

1738

 

Total Per cent

lOO

 

Number of Calls

0

A or more

77
19

80

12

 

*Health Needs and Health Care in Michivan.

365, Hichigan Agricultural Experiment Station,

Special Bulletin

June 1950, p.27.

5
(f‘
.1
3'
J

N r. -,A~ " wtrJ‘t‘ ‘.-" PJ'r 0' _‘ 1v (~~. * . ‘ " -' an: ~_-r—--, 4. ~- ,L'A.
;"eI-"-r:_rt _... L4 \ILILA L ‘ ,_ {3 lJ‘- I . 3'.(._ i1; 01.2.. \_’-'_ [‘1 L:L., A A; _l. ‘JJ,‘V‘\,; ..Q‘,-‘e U_ G 1 V' ~K_,_l'

it “PH , ".n‘ C? 1! . mt».s r ‘mfivc = ,,n +a ma:m«L<.p1 Cw tkd w- t
_L C. L ’~- ”bkll; 'J. -'. . - . .‘--‘.. .;'\,. .( -‘-AK-.4~ ..'_7. -.K/ -U\« J. -».~.u{/LJ -o.-_/ 51 116 $7.10!

-. m 4n .7.-,:_' :2 r“,i. :. fl “...- '11,. -J '. ;»-- .1 V. l
for ten ..egfcet cf' our: --1)»iv.r(‘1.-L_u—, _.‘1'1 l-zrizg-‘uvn ”tutu )1 it 1.; m, 11.47:;

'v o ,J : i ,‘ -1 _ mi. . _f t . ‘. , ' .1. .r 1
cs u»1citu:u yore ii~btc31lg cue to Lflu rei-

r J— : ' ~" . J.- -' D -' ‘ . ,. ~ m 3‘ J— v— 4- - - I -7 .- '1 r. n ~ 3 . ‘ - -~. -‘ J- ‘,« r. .- 7 " r

‘. . b- .Ve 1'3 :4- .p- L“. C 4 f .‘ " Ck . t» L .n ts“; L1 L: 7.. .2' a J. 34.1. int? XV-.- CC CV :1 T .‘ u. L'i' c ; d.

_' m _ ' , ‘ , n ‘ _' _L A‘ , n. 1 ‘ *v 1 _ * , g- ' .1- ‘

I-“ VC'-V.’?:'L ULC L A _L . V C o J .3 q" - t? C a . .‘vr ‘i f K p UL' 5 - _- L -1“ C '—
,,, _ .L _ .t i -2. ' .1 , ‘ . A J- u , L -o .1. -‘ -' _1 ‘ .- - i. .- r

. 1\.11.I._ LJ‘jfr _1 \) .....A'L ... x: l/ f «3 ll\ T-eVJer‘) .. L‘ C \ L] ‘-J .1. U ) \ I ‘v. u I , ‘J 7T--

TABLE X

THE REASLNS GIVEN BY INFGEHAUTS EXPLAIMINJ REY INDIVIDUALS

HAVING CHE CR aufiE UITKEATED ECSITIVE SYIETUKS niD
IETEEHJAILQKR

 

 

 

 

 

Community Pellston Tecumseh
N ber of Persons having 38 19
one or More Untreated
Symptoms
Total Per cent 100 100
Too expensive #0 3?
Symptoms not thought 18 26
serious
Too far—distance too 10 -
great
Neglect, just haven't 16 16
gotten around to it
Lack of time 3 5
Other reasons 3 11
No response 10 5

 

In CCLnl’€“'N" the u»o of h-Lspital services the factors of dsi

... ‘ ..L ‘. ,_. 1° 1 rm ' .1. n '2 ' n .. ,. ‘ .- V.-. .. . '
tance and UHC use oi nocgitai insur nee nave been snoun to be important.
1 4 -~ ‘ -' - m -1 . r-t '\ . . r 1" Q ' r" "‘ (“3 VI" —. W ‘ “5-. 4.,
Botn commiutitioo lie Lithin tuo fenelolJQ'~ncceyteu ladlus cl t..enty-

I
\O
\n

five to thirty—five miles or an hour's drive fror a hcsoita'. Insur—

-J.--

ance coverage in the cormunities shows little variation as does the

use of “csnital facilities. Table XI indicates that the percen age of

farilies in each commun it; rolorting the hosoitalizaticn of one or more

merbers within the past two years is alrost identica . The re13tn
for this similarity is not cl: r even when the reasons for hospitali—
zation wer— recorded. Table XII indicates thet tne Ic terQuently
mentioned reasons for hos italizaticn in both Pellston and Tecumseh
were surgery, followed by obstetrics, Ledicul treatment and accident.
Cne difference shown in in the gre Wer nu: %o r of persons from th
Pellston cox-unitv who rejiortcw ihcspitalization for radical trer m1in
This fact 1 v in ice te tEIat CLoctors serving Pe lston noooitil fa—

tients more frequently for ob eAv*tion due to tUe distance i volvod.

 

35. Bedford W. Bird, and Pa.ul Z. Landis, Planting the Tural Hospital
and Heal.t. Center, The State College of Hashington, L“riculture

"rer'*"t Station, Division of Rural Sociology, To ular Bulletin

4:AJ¥ i
L

181, august, 1945; P-9-

 

 

TABLE XI

A_,1,",,_._, 1'”: 7-:1- ‘_- Aw‘qw "'T -‘ ' 1‘. ‘}’Y‘.'\ ‘vj 'j' 1“ ‘y. -_.l- . "\ "g- . !DI"'\1'
Elintbl‘uxfxiip VF 1.4; .LL.L..JQ .le 5.}.I'Vfl Lani.) L251. -..KJ‘_l._J a.-.“ ....T I il;‘.J _JlsLL.‘

T?’ *T .‘ 2“." " ”WV." .1 ;_ r".' "‘ ‘r- Ax; .- .~ ,I'\ - TL'M: ,‘\" '5‘ r1 "rr n 1 ‘TT 1".
.m! “"1... . .. . I L . ,_ ...“; T 1,, ..' L ' 1 l.-.. ”T . 1 l l
1.0..“ J.lJ.JI.:4._.../ ...Ll.LI . 1. ._ .aL .L‘_J¢'X&‘v L ....iLIKJ L -1442) ‘..JLJ'.L" . J 1;.4 ..le -.H gill-.1

rfi

 

 

Community Pellston Tecumseh

 

Total Respondents 38 50

 

Total Per cent 100 100

 

Families having one or more
members hospitalized AZ 40

Families having no members
hospitalized 58 60

 

331113;}:3 r1311 as; I'I'ALI

r’ijLL QT‘QI.’

r,“ Lap
,4. i LLJ

TABLL XII

'7 51"" ""1 ‘.'TI.‘.";. WWW-1"“, TJ'V "L ‘1‘“ T 7'? ”'“VT
unli'v'i‘. L1...” ULt-".u./ :2; in"- Luis“) J.“

A}: ff1_‘z"1’g"'l,'f“j Y I‘y‘r 'n “A" rn-W'gfy
AMD llb'qu“..JlJ}1 b‘»l‘¢lU$.Ii—LJ_J.J

 

 

Community

Pellston

Tecumseh

 

Total Respondents

50

 

Total Per cent

100

100

 

Surgery
Obstetrics
Medical treatment
Accident

Not hospitalized

19
1A

58

26

12

60

 

Cne (1-; 11' ereztce not show-5‘ in tile nresentaticn of data thus far is
the s tisiaction exeressed by the i'sziiy using hos ital faCilities.

teen es"ed, ”ln generil, hov do ycu feel Lbout tne acconnointions and

'H '1‘ . V v ‘- -,‘ " 7": n: r‘, 1»" -L ". ‘ ‘ -‘ ~- -.. -'- t‘T _- '-\ v' >— ' -1 . . -Nn ‘\ ‘
ervices E;3Ihi!%3fc ;;ovl«eT o; the INA: it i?"'the fuhllles in Jellgtbh
.. .3 i : -...L . 4 4.1, 43, ...H ,1 m- ,..--T.' a:

repluCM:.nL tgcrng' ercerl; of t1m2<iises LHL t tnw} Luer: \L'SQCleHULed.

In Tecuzseh ten percent ernrecsed dissatisfecti Ch with the accexzcdltions

{I VI

anfl services. The di.:erences are swell and were not found to be sta—

q

tisti of ll_y sinnfTic Rt. Heverth \rcsent a difference
in attitude tom re hes it ls, then they: re lcc;ted Cut of the corru-

' n fl. . . .' J..__‘ new, it, .°. .L ‘
nity or et s bro oer QlSpLLCQ iron sue eaticnt's no e.

The locaticn o? the hos ital care center is shown for the Fellston

t—d

care cert P. The bulk of in or: nts in the orthe :1 part of t;e com-

nunity livi g ne-r levering go to Cheboyysn and those from tne 'ellston
res go to Petoskoy. Lackinew City ri5ht Hell hcve drawn from the con—
nnnity but at the time of the survey there vere no doctors or hospital

J"l

Figure 7 iniicstes the hosiis-_ care corter for the Tecumseh con-

‘5
F
C)
*4.
Cf
(‘ 1
F.)
' ‘3
Q3
0
H.
[_J
t"
C+'
} J.
(D
(D
O
U}
(4.

"uLTit ;.T. It shows thflt of the resorted uses 0.
cases were hospitalized in the com.nnity. The one pers~r shown going

to Adrian he Ld nee d for sneci liz lfiCllitleS not eve ii able in is cum eh

(I)
F‘5
T
F:
’1
'4.
r1
6
I

hence he went to Adrian for hospital care. Cther cese-
.iofi1t be effected to so to Ann arbor, a s

i:n .p ,0 4.“. a 1.: 'T . ‘ r ,1 "—'ua. . 7 . _._ ‘-
centar ior this quu 01 uhe stite e1o locates upgreill_ elw shirt

miles fret Tecuns,n.

   

CNt'JO’CAN

fem”

Figure 6. Place where one or more members of non-

village families in the Pellston community

were hospitalized during the year preceding
the survey

T"

Attitudes aid Coirions “cgsrding Doctors

Comxunit; dis dv ntires in the aveilpbilit;‘of zedical rescures
may foster negative attitudes touard health personnel and facilities,
thus ectwellv peroetu ting the situation. Certainly if unfavoroble
attitufes do exis,, they HouTfl result in re-uot3nce to consult a doc—
tor or to follow LiS :dvi e in tLe treatre t of ill-heel h. Therefore,
inforyerts vere as ed a series of Cueetions rrlftirj to their feelinys
about doctors to whet the; fled joio for civioe. The results of this
7 are shown in the Tables XIII and XIV.
rirst, the infornnnts tor: <shed to think about their engerienoes
Mith differert doctors. The; were then asked to state the thircs they

4.

ikod About the doctor or doctors vhon they liked b;st. Table

’3
CO
Q
(J
O
H.
(Q
1...:
L __
(J
H
1...]

XIII indiCLtes that the results were similar for both cormu ities and
for the stete rural p0 ul tion us a whole. Lore frequently TigOTtEd

it

(D

.A —'. ‘ ., 1 -,. ,.'.L -. v, .. .:,.,J_ ' .7.‘ My, _- .i h,.- id
he in the Tecursen co Innis; Rule IUUCICLt in the ,otlent and tnol-

m‘., . .:,.‘ ,1',,,-, _ : . , m‘ .. ..,..x. . . ...7.. fl . l
OIJC‘LLILQSS 1.1; '.ll;:z.;-£ilCS_LS r Ila; . lilt',‘ {Ira/LUQI‘ NU- ber Ian-Ilkfs‘ 110

com ent in the Pellston coguunity reflects the lick of medical contact

‘ ~ J, P INN :,. m1 J”. -J. - ..‘+'" .-\
by EL _La.:.I‘:-Lr__CI‘ 111110151" Cl- 4.3.11alilfi-S. lflEiSE Ono-”L lILlCit-e RC) 8131 i3..lCr..It

1

oi”fererces in t

7
A.

q ,..|. o _a ‘ .10 o’- ‘. .A'V‘M’" -:‘V‘v‘
1e "aoctor gumlitles" hmlch inforne ts _ loo.

Inforrtrts were glso elf? to list the ua‘iti s ra;on t-e; *“d
flislikei (bout a doctor or Hoctcrs whon the" hidn't liked so well.

-1; results are given in Table XIV. n greater nunbor of unSLVCrable
CCCflfiAtS were renorted by infor en‘s of the PellstCn co;xunity. This

fact becomes nore significcnt when one o nsidors that fewer families

—58—

TABLE XIII
PQRCQKLVEILF IlfihfiJLTS E§:I;LSEJI££J ILGIILH
CcJKUhITIuS IAKIMG LrLCIFIJD FAVQRAuLE CULLQNTS
REGARDIH} DOCTCRB

 

 

 

 

 

Community Pellston Tecumsehl State Rural
Sample
Total Respondents 36 50 319
Total Per cent 1A1 lhO 150
Pleasing Personality 31 3O 33
Professional
proficiency 28 26 21
Interest in patient 17 28 1h
Thoroughness 11 2O 17

Explanation and frank-
ness about the case. 17 1h 16

Reasonable about fees
and collection 3 A 5

Willingness to make

house calls 3 4 8
Other characteristics 6 2 36
No comment 25 12 -

 

1

Some informants made more than one comment whereas others made
none; hence, the figures do not necessarily total 100 per cent.

2 The state rural sample included Categories not listed here, so
that all such categories are listed "other characteristics."

TABLQ XIV

v'wwn "ma W's.“ or; I ‘ w - " " «7" 1‘} ’ ,T mm 'r r- r7. on r r } -- 4 a"
,. . 1 . . .. 1- , , . .. ,, V , .. C, -
lthuCli‘.lxi.TlJ-D 4|. “a U.u-.u-L_) -4 l HLaJ—JVLVAu stud LLJV'UA.4~A_J A u»; ..Ul..L—_L.lia)

‘97

I v « ‘\' n C‘" "K1" "1' \ If i ' ; . ‘. - " ’ - r -' ~- .‘l. \ "H'fi’ ‘ - - riv'\-~- . ‘1 '~ -_ flux m.
. L) ‘ . .. '1‘, “.‘ 41._L~, ... “1‘, ' I, '1‘ _..
Il.- A‘ALJ‘J kJo- ‘J’a'A; ‘_.U KIA-J. n‘. \J-LJX.‘ J b;..—. .A 2.1.) ..nLJ 1;-..LJ.L..L-'~.A JAVU '-|\’—v§_zl

 

 

 

Community Pellston Tecumseh State Rural
Sample2
Total Respondents 36 50 319

 

Total Per cent 150 120 72

 

Not interested in
case 22 8 3

Poor techniques 14 1h 8

Ineffective treat-
ment 19 8 11

Too hurried 6 12 6
Overcharges 1h 8 3

Lacks knowledge
(poor training) 11 8 6

Won't make house
calls 3 6 8

Not frank - 6 7
Keeps you coming back 8 - 3
Other dislikes 3 l2 17

No comment 50 38 -

 

1 Since the informant might make more than one comment, the total
percentages of comments need not equal 100.

2 Since the data for the state rural sample does not include the

category"no connent", only those items which are similar are

listed for comparison.

L. C(nt

reportsj pdical 1ct

ber raking no CLYLth.

, q n -.q , 4. - , -...v. ...L ,
CCLLGLto heie "not JtJLfiude
"cvcrch~rfns." Tecurseh ligte

, ‘24. t“ . “-
Lost irequentij.

'1 o

fueling 1?

tr“ t“"t
MAL ’.4'L~.

*0 little int :6 t

I v

the rural st.t3 sa: 1: is hie?
k-
th't f l;ch of liters t 15 tel

si’c L? the co? unity fcr fledi

Eaton

Li

‘Jo

the greater nun—

“:stcn tge most fratuently Lenticned

n case", "ineffect;ve treutnett", 3nd

'. 4. .L - >2 : A . A -, .1 .L. v". -
1: the two cc. unitisi ;re suctiScicaiiy
76
-.. — i .-p‘ . 1:”. ' lap ‘..
d in c.~ :" ’ QLQ 1; lczte tnlt t ere

'l‘ (“

dcctc-tv ;fl

3?

 

36. T test of sigriffcances F
vs. Tecumseh >.C‘5 level
37. T test of significance Po
V‘

"n

P

L .’

or case " l’ell ton

t interestei in
of Co f

o
n‘idence

.1

_L

LLston vs. Rural 3L _ le >.Cl Level

s tistied Mitfl the he;; ycu have receive: Iron doctors or not?”

T

. , (i - 2-; , (..z. 1.. , n1. , A“- .' m, n V? 1.. 1... ,, h l- , .- '1,
rcs»cnses b0 this cue citn are Alena in idole Av. The J~tl are s3 ii r

- - -. - '3 - ' .1. , . . .L.'.,-- . _,
fcr ll tiree : .1 es _i.tal, 11 the ‘p‘oklv re CTUL" "nc LJLA In
71‘ 1" .. . 44.. rfi.‘ ,1 -~ ';-.- » . 4...". _° "
Ie_JthH ecu unit; are «u.ei to L.£Sg PG-folfl; s tisi.cticx hitn LAG
n-1,. x . h: .r .0 , A . :..,'-: (JP :1-..” Mn
mei} tee) nave reCeLve? trim tasters. It luuirates a hlueJETuaw

pr ~ -\‘ -‘ 7‘ - < - /‘~ -~ ~ ‘ r“. an ~ (- ‘3 ‘7 . ~l\ «J— ..- \ ‘ —cr~ r‘ ‘ v- -‘ 4 .: ’- ,.
i;vcr ole attitude ten re .ccttzs ”:49A is ”Lo CLJLgcfi od ioc;i cou-

‘.- . ‘u -- r —= ~ ' - r' - 'i" "fiAr’u - "I \I* ~ - ""~" " 'fi_ ' ire". 1".
nitions of 4r.ctice. iwe u; :»1:Lces :18 pct atrtist c lmy Si Mill”

r ‘I c i J- — w '0 v» -~ ‘ ‘ ‘ . - .-,<."~‘ r- ,', -. - -‘ . -—. .x- J- -. ~D: -.
e nt, taeu M ”ii ntij _exer ‘rzscrs in TQCdLoCu re.01ted Ll“walSlHCticn
r _ P - -. -1, I 7 . ‘t J— ‘ ' y -. \ . J— -.
«nr . elixitlb I>.ter n11\ r ucre u*-ero~_n.

Many pee le believe tart :cre ic-tcrs ire needed in licr‘

ordcr to deterrine the effeet of a lzch of xedfc 1 resources on the

a. .L- 1, . a , .‘ ,n r. . ..,:.'--_ \,.. -,,1 4.1;. ”My - n, ... i
ate tunes or rOwCGTS Cl ( coryuu-cJ tc--1c tans Luau, lvaTLLLtS were

1*

_L W

In “I - V ’» ~' -. . ,- r \ V, t“ ‘. ~" .1 1," -', .A ... ”#1.“. "I "«
asied, "In your GLPCTlQNCQ no ytu tninn tn t 10 ntve enough LthCTS

m‘

.-,. _ -.~ .-.“. _.W '1 - , _-fl -..... r.“ - ...-1 ~ _‘ n i." ‘ 1
or do we he'd nclc gekeiii L.D.'s or icie ugeCJa ists, cl beta?" iue

inforxents in both Trilstcn and TGCELEGh ccnrunfities were agreed as
were those in the stwte rural suryle tn:t tore doctors are needed, but
those in relistcr Felt the need rore strcnfly, where three cut of
ev;ry ”our stated that here doctcrs were needed. ibis erasests that
the residents of Pellston were concerzed :bout the lack of a dcctcr in
their ccrzunity. In Tecunseh and the state rural smm"le ae
three out of every five Persons felt that yore doctors were needed. In

, o u
1

o _ _ .- -n , f, {A ., V. " :_ ,"1 1‘ ,fl ‘ .—-. ... ‘ J _
general, inforwants u'iee» t:it Lore general Lecic i noctOLs hnl' neede ,

TAB T X’

t unlc'fi «' ,firr"', M? 73711} Trftr.‘ T7.) -_, [x394 l“r*—'r ‘ up ‘ .a: " Am!“ ‘_J 3 BY
x1. gr .".U .me ...l. .L A 1.1;: 1114]..“ 12.11;“... ‘. 14..) 1 . cs..-) ./\.~'J ibis)
T ' N

S-
IhIIHLLLJTS II Th3 EnLLSIELIgi a TSCJJSQH CCLLULIIITES

 

 

Comm.iity Pellston Tecumseh State Rural
Sample

 

Total Resoondents 36 50 319

‘

 

Total Per cent 100 100 100

 

,
k,
00

Satisfied 81 87

0\

Not satisfied 8 11

O\
l

Uncertain 3

Had no help 8 - 2

 

-63-

while 0 :Lirr *".t”re ”alt Ln't Ectl geicr l zefijc 3 ‘ cicrs and sie-
7

ci 1i 4“: ‘ere r“ “ .j' ltjcw‘ .‘the i“:S‘ czcv*3 -2; m 1:, TTtDJe
"VI irwiic i»-s t 1't tlca "<r' ‘ ta : :vJ'Lstc:‘ cf LGitb “‘lt {nae rvmed
fer yfld'tic ' ”(clese “ere than 6i? tie e In Lne Teen "eh co: wr‘t".
T”ir tiff»; 3r Ttr‘ 3‘»- Tkrcr :e‘- cc. iiiitg' 1 "‘, -rgn ether, L it ‘ C :1137
ski] r to 1;. or mr; t t rrr2L_r‘uWuticn.

szle XVII slows the res crte tc the gmczti:., "If scre cc:.urity
needed “ore 'cctcr , 1o ytu h've at; idea he” it cculd 'rt the ?" In
E: CLI3turlty tfdxz cculcl rot”? ‘tXe er"tent <3? plantain j r exhicuticx“ On

at: 1 2,, ..L - .: ‘.' ._.‘ .',.1_' ..4. 1.. _. - ' .. .2 .,._ . . 331 ,..
twin CUOJLCD, tr it Litnt in leate a n ricteristuc t‘wu of :rLulCm

‘/.A

(f)
,3
l“4
3.
.1
C3

.2 .7 ..., ° , ‘-\- .._'1. 1 n, J. ‘. J- ‘1 J. ... '. ,
Q _ tee cc.punit3. ’95”1b€ the ”ace tu.t -elistCJ co“_unit3

felt the need rcst strongly, re1?

or plan to obt in a doctor. Severty—t c

«... . -4. ' 4.2 . , ”M y», .-:4.v- .1 . ...—3. J. " w .x, n 1- n
,vrcent in the lGCRLSU; COLiUMWUJ er e ‘rcizuacaiy tiles-iourtas Ci

*‘ ' P .- -‘- 1,, x ",7'.‘ .. 1— ~ J— - 3
or? JHLOTLAMES st ten tfl;u they did Lot amen not _ hector cculu he

a, o n -‘ -. _n v ’ n t ..r _o _ . .~ ‘ ~ a w. __ .0 _.
coteinee. In Le; ston cne in ever; “it JHFCTLwHtD stsjestec fifltxthn-
': . ~- ‘. 4‘ -'_ J“\ Q V.-—‘.r 7«. “< f. 4'”? n , “\\ ~.

in: for .cre sectors. in the TQCQLofh cem_dnita iour Lerscns suc-

.J. 7... , 4...:m . .1 ., . ‘ D ‘-.~..L .LN, ,,.,- . -
we'ted tilt ye train n~re HCUthS. ;ne Tact tflwu tnese sue,esticns

. r‘ - ‘1 ~ r —: .. .7 . ..r. —3 f‘ I '\ wn . \.'-: fx 1 ....
:cyellJ Sal}LJJHLCiJTt. -t ccm4:¢iin_on v Lth

 

w- ...—_.—

33. "feed both speciilists and gerer-l reijcel doctors."
Pellstcn vs. To unset .Cl confidence level

Tecumseh vs. St to Tural San 1e .01 confidence level

L

TABLE XVI

m’\ ) 5“”

.J
" .‘I' “ * ‘ m1 0 1v m' ‘T'T‘ _ _ _' r‘ -v d. ”a -
L. .\L«‘ I . — < I J . ‘ ..I | _I
1 UL‘. A-v.-_3 dub -.'.. fig) H l I“.-. L gun-vi ~-~ 111.0 luv 4

r ’1"er hr ‘ 1 r“"' ‘ "a“ \rn'c n'x -
LRc,u:AdE ulslh jUrith tr Cilulchf c;dC
I

\

a7) 1‘ "
.JA LA. .

--rm 77 "1
1.2:: TIL

;:.s:»e;H CcIIJ-NJITIJES

-.... _.w.
'\I .' .)
.‘.<.'

 

 

 

 

 

Community Pellston Tecumseh State Rural
Sample
Total Respondents 36 50 319
Total Per cent 100 100 100
Have enough doctors 11 22 21
Need more doctors 75 56 59
More general H.D.'s 50 A2 30
More specialists 6 12 8
Both specialists l9 2 21
and general doctors
Uncertain 11 22 15
No response - - 1
Need more good doctors 3 — A

 

-55-

TABLE XVII

C)

' ”'1‘ "n .W 17 "' " ""fl .-r'7“r': n ~-y “- ~:- «:71 " "'v‘ no ;-n,-\: ”—3" _~ -- ‘I‘T‘.f'f"‘.“ '3.
L : ‘ , 4 L. ‘1 ,' l C I
a". IA!.LL/l.~) \JI x.‘ 1.31» LJY ll. ."./'.;..uu- LJ .Lx. I LLALKJLU‘I nu...) lLJU‘u-’;sJI_Jll \J- u‘.U."..L llJlJ-J
-, . ., - f“ r}

ml' ., ‘ ' -\ ‘ n H - 'Irfi‘r r‘. ."| ‘ ‘. \. r\.' {171‘ . r1 1“ '("1 TM 1 - r“ ."
\ T . . . ._ , l N .T . -_

1‘. I U . I . ‘ , ; , , ‘ . x ‘ "}J l l A .

id .Lu' ..‘L CLAQLL-¢ ...; A.__J-.J.J.Li.‘J .L.\_-L..a...l .J‘yulm’ LL.’ .t _.A L- (4.54 .‘L.L£\‘ .1 1.1.1..."

 

 

 

 

 

Community Pellston Tecumseh State Rural
Sample
Total Respondents 36 50 319
Total Per cent 107 102 100
Don't know 75 72 75
Train more doctors - 8 6

Provide facilities

for doctors 6 A 7
Get young doctors from
training schools and — 6 2
hospitals
Petition for more 19 - 2
doctors

Get doctors from com-
munities that are

oversupplied - A 1
Use the local doctors 6 2 1
Others (not specified) 3 6 A
No response - - 2

 

* Percentages may total over 100 per cent as respondents might
mention more than one item.

-55-

1- . ....‘1 : ..L 1... : l...,‘ 'x ,‘n ,.
the st te rulai tWL,1e indie ces t” t in s zerai three cut c: every

four Persons included, is in the ,t;,fin:ties centc «3’0 re :u'r‘Jtion

r. .. . . s , :4. .. ..J u ...7., .~ ,3 ‘,-L ‘ ° 0 . . , :1?
as to how i cc_1uh.s; Li ht c tain a doaccr ll c‘e vcle nee no

-.Ctitu:‘l€;8 sad Tracticgg

:9

1; - 'v, .- t
“‘1“ ’cr‘ 1 _- e-, 1 a hwy—a. r-.
:-oful {L111 1 10- LJ1... .L

.— ,-‘.. ,\ '1 "p -~. ‘\"'..fi V . ‘ I ”\1" "~'~p -‘ 'L -, T ‘ " ‘ I I L. - " s ~/\- , —-: I

hummer vi ldlhbla .i,.t bu e-.ech¢ ts rerult in lens“ ; c—» s usin,

" - ”DA '0'“. ." _s v‘ 1A.ur’\v ..Ag " axj - {-'. . ,—-. ‘ . - r'«..— 7'1' ’1 fi‘r‘ —\~ 7 1..

8.11:1 J- ..‘vlJI‘l-l .1 3-1!" .3; LL: 3.1 :L:-:. i0: ism-1C .1 0-11;. 1110 ,1 01.2.» Mb via-'1" f");-
'..l A J. u A

A

IliJ'-y—I_."-1‘f;1- fepgfl-‘U-L'SC :1-1I_1H_.-.’j ..‘SCIV—faug',’ Lw-e LLLL .LJ’j-I‘LL .I-tlv'ltlT Lied-Lu: inf»???—

. . .. . . ,__,- .. r 9 '1 ‘ . -1 ' - ‘ .. .' ’1 - 1 .
a-ILCQ up 6 -211 «:23q u - inf-LU?- si ALL 0‘. sen :1 -9 ’-\-:Fl :0 l. C _..- “. ..nf
’1 ‘1. a 7; r) ‘1 " ' “ ‘1" )5 7m . T'l ’ '“ "1'3 ’1' Ga 1' ,~ '- "1 ‘1 .v I: ’3an ‘ ' ,~ w n ". '. .'- V " - ‘l .3 «'3'1' 3. ~ :-
.Ln.C. MC .1 {J ,_.‘..l_ .2 .~... 6- ll (12,: -;,.;~-:.-- U1 enu-L. Jl.’ w,v',...-C|J-~x11;, L ‘,,)_ ulCLguui-‘Ml
‘I 5 - A 1’ . 1'1 ‘I K" ‘ ('1- ’N'.‘ "1 “ ..~ In I V . I3 V “A ’ n \ \ . rx‘ " . "‘- '~'\‘,“.'L 1’1 " ’- ' V“ W"- J' " f)
_Lzl TIJI'. ‘51-; -..L‘;~ o 10 -1 a; u {If . -1 LC, '4‘ .14 1‘1- 3 k).- 1"“! rs , 4 -‘ -‘:.1-.L: 1"." 11L. .1- 2,}- cal-c,
, L -

. fl -- , . .- 2‘. - ., '. J P,— n 1
-ni 01‘ aim 1-;.uc1' 11 ‘/-Lw‘ 1;. 11- c 1‘, iiieul .)c- to . inar .1“ or"
, ‘ -- . -o a - f \ ~ —. -~ .
...,z 2 - . . .. . -. a .. 1,-1' 7 , . p, . .. . . . - ..-..,- '1 .
a. i- i'U 'J-L (at) . -O .1};- x-‘ol -J I, |___'_.-. . \‘ Ll," L 0‘3 .‘1 .1. 01" blll‘ 31'" . (CI) J'.)ClJ\-)l g; 1 O...3
1-! ..V. '. ‘.~ .- .. - . ---' n ‘w...'.. : 1. i'rr ‘1‘ -~ . ..,- J. u .- ‘ . . .. - .- ‘ .9
0.2111,". 1.2.14.1 1111... .231" . ...JctL/fl. 1-.- l-LleC .‘xd .L f;-.'..'Q...; Univ Off-.1" VHC 1. 21-J-

‘C‘ " ‘.‘ IV.",. ~. 1 . \ .x w ' ,—. W”! "I. r’~.:J —- ‘-’ H “ "n I" . ‘. ' 3 , “" Y" " r" I‘ - "1‘ ‘3 ‘ .‘~ '
01 ENG J.L4..-_j_-..:l-~’3:_) 1119.1 V-Le‘a'ou 1-1] but... Cu- 1111131131.. [Ithd c2153 01‘ 2.018 m ,1:-

~ -_ ~ ~ - 1 _,-_ - _, 1,,-,-.-.'.2 ' - , ’* - '..
e rs wuo n d in u“ Tee L; Li; -4: hu-riu l c-lls. m sr-lle~ 'erce c e
I, 1".“ rt 3 - r-w r. ‘,\ 1" ~*\ '3 7‘ I31 . ‘3' .- — I\'v‘ -- - ‘. J r " .r‘ ' ‘ 3'“ r '7‘ .1" v 1‘ -v w-, .'\ ~ ‘.~~ '- —L 7—
01- _L ‘1.,;i_ii__'_1',“..> .1.-.» viii, - nil-E; Udll Cull 1.111,.- Ipy i 1,‘ ' =-,'-_ '..- UK, adj-CL; CO V {till-'3. .‘Q ukl'u Luie
I A.
r] -' f) F _‘ -4 .-_‘ v -r ,. -r\‘ ( :- r‘t r. -'— :‘ , J‘ -: q v.1 .1 ‘r r‘ . . - : ('3, p. ,, ,L T7 - ‘f‘ y I" ~nL '.~ \\ r 'r [\j wr ‘L‘rsx rfij"
\J.-L. ..blCJLCC i...) 11v 'J ..J . J_‘-.-‘[J...'_Lz'.L--_-.U‘ L1]- )L-.'_L_z_C~-I.l‘.Uo J- I VJ‘L‘KI-L Lil‘v'll-I. 1\.-.‘-_ L'Q‘v ‘v:
p ‘7‘ ‘ . —] -. '-) 1" . $ 1‘ ‘Jl— " ~I ' ‘ —. '— fi. 1"‘ fl " j r- . f“ ‘ 1‘. "' 1"“ . “ ‘At ‘ j 1 ' ' ’ " ' \ ‘ V ‘ ‘ 'fl :(l r‘ ' 1" " y.
it}. -_:L 0le.) 1:1 do ull Calf-L -1 Ulle-k, .'-' l dig/1 l_:'.,-\_', 3-1 x .4111 .:,[;C('} L- sr' CU v ’, 3.115).) .L \)J_
(“1‘71 1“} C 3 " tr‘ ‘ '1 J l "'\ '2 . 'n 'I ’ ‘. ‘ "" f ‘ ‘ ' ' " " fl
. v. hid . aux-o -_L-L J u c -0 l... '_J-l1-C._ l= - ‘\3_‘_-l_;,q(-‘l'—l Jim U'l.‘—L. l- CJL baa-e
-‘ Wpf“ (‘ ‘, sin ' --.“I‘ ' :1 J'- .. ’I ~ - -.rJ r, ‘ “‘\( ‘ n,‘ 1 31‘ ~r.'\"l- r'x
111 .‘vu’ll' {J ‘ .[V-U‘_ LIV'L L) L ‘.|J (xi! 01 1:31 L, 1.9- I_«_ C) 1121. -l-©l. Lw‘yv " ,"°

k I
M)

-.__: ._ -, . , -, - .. - 11' _ 1-,- ,w,_ , .,- 1... . l -2,.
.' '1. ‘..L.'l_ ' 1:11- l.1.”f.\l-CC C‘D‘V '3 l '"J- O -Lli - \J. - l”; L: all-'1 bi J" .9 LI“..- 1-‘\,.' i l- - 3]: LIL ‘.\_,‘ k; U- ,I
:J 1

(‘1?A. .. ,-‘ - .-\-._ . ..v « '-;r~1‘j 3 ~rj-‘a' ‘ -‘ r‘.-r- .... ‘. -"' r I. ":“"'\“.'1 l :.v‘r3 aw ‘.' 7;} lfi-y-
‘: v v V; - ‘J 'ja‘.) L.) .ll‘JhI'll _LIL .1. r ’aU—LL’ JL-LI-L’ 3.11.‘ J CJLC I-/".I\_. 1' Lo'L ll\~ ‘21 J. “--1".'_rl'.‘. -4-"1 :- \L'C l.l_ .‘- k- A1 a)“;

L ,,,-,.-- .. a- .1 .' 7‘. p.» .,»,- :1- '. .. , .v
tLJnDr-tun Lercswu..e .int . -4e nu..er of ia-_iiep involved is

“‘"3f'fi ‘Yrv “T‘
“‘14

J-.\J-Lu. ' .’.

CL'LUflIIInS IE

‘1." “-9
4‘“ Ln ‘\.-‘A.L

7" “'1

re;

TgtLfl XVIII

7'11" "F'n’w TT r“----
L‘.L -ILLLQ ..LrJ
“-- 'I‘Ifi J ' I'Tl r' 1'!" ' _‘1 “'l
I .L..;.ulk)l (a- I

.,‘
‘14 ..'-

rSLLJIQI

....- -
a

II” r‘.‘- 7- _T
LJJkJKJJ‘; 14.1 1
I 1"

TV; f‘f V!

.'ii.i)

' '3 I""‘ . Y -
“-3... .1;4J _I..J.-/u..w‘.l.q_4

--'.-__\J L ..“L L _.
‘ “\J‘I -‘.1 “1‘: a ‘1.-,-r;' '1‘? Q"[ L" ' .':" 1“ "T.’,“ 7“ n
4 . I x -. .1 . *4 .
15.1.1. '. LA...) I.\./ VIL I.L.X.LI Lila; u. (Lea) FuJ-q L VLL
_j' T r ‘\/'!T:1'V:,‘K_Y
L.K.-.vo~1.'.;J£L.L

 

 

Community

Total Respondents

Total Per cent

Have insurance

Do not have
insurance

Uncertain

 

100

53 39

m vr- -‘ ‘
.L BCILLbC-‘C

 

Fees for
Surgery

{osyital

' l
a.

D-v-t

SO 50
100

58 A6

If
N
\Y‘!
4:.

 

 

TALE-31.... XIX
LRCJNTAEE DIETS £U”I§fi Oi“ FAMILY 1333333 IN TF3
E’ELLLTLI All!) TECU-if. .LI-I CL.lL-.LI..IIIi:.S I” CLUB-3D Iii Ii?—
SUPiECE ”LAES 3U IAI FUR ALL OR IART (F HOSPITA
A337) SLY-EMICJ L HALL-.133 A-i‘L‘I‘IG Fe.- ILI ..3 H.3- -.1TI..- L'UCH
1; JD- .11 CE
Community Pellston Tecumseh State Rural

r~ 1

~ rays-q“ I

Nt".,¢.—-'.' /.Le
A

 

nital surgical Hos.ital Survical

'3’“

Hospital Surgical

 

 

Number of Families 20 16 29 23 15h 135
Total Per cent 100 100 100 100 100 100

 

All eligible
members

38 39

Husband or male

65 69

 

head only 5 6 21 l7 I2 10
Wife or female

head only 10 - 7 A ll 11
Husband and

wife only 5 6 27 31 - -
Son only 5 - - — 5 2
Others 15 25 7 9 6 6
Not reported - - — — l 2
* Only families reporting such insurance are listed.

-70-

Shall so th t tests of Si fic nee are not feasible. The percentage

may, however, be lo er in TecuLssh .u to the t; ::e of LediCLl and

...' f ' . V. ' “ 1 -..: - m ,. .. ‘_
SUTQlcdl lnShIWDCQ lflCLUhed in the union ccntr ct t. .ecunsen
'b ~ 1 n V.\ ,-" ‘ V l‘ .I -' -‘ ‘ . - v - r\ _ ' ‘ . ~—‘ ““ \‘v ‘ ~ : "Y— .
Irtnucts Lem .n3, a .2 Lin; e.;1u3er In the chLun.ty. Lnrer th 3.
r . ,.--' - m , ,. v ._ . ' . L. ”...:L.- 1 -3 ,5 1...: . 1 -- ."f 3...?
contract e.,lC3-es .13 receive nespit . an. a _ LCfll sene.-ts ..-ch

.,.,..\w - .1: 7 '1 V \r- ', 1. M .3 ,-, -. 1.”. 1-- L .. n ..v
eXpard according to the Length 0. tiLe tAe eL‘LC c: has uueh eh 103ed

., 1 ..., .3 .' .. h 4.1- . -3. . J. .... .2 It -. - : 1» 1-
by tae cnpan3. An e ployee L.ta a sucrc rCILOU o. serVICe Lay oe

- 1. , 1 .. ... ‘. .m .0 1. rum” .. " ‘ .- 2.:
covered] 1.3 tie cup -13}, but Lara-.3911. c..- 13.16 .«a. ..y 1.011.)-.. not 11...ve t-1.s

nuee service other RCLbQTS of the .mhiL} ru3
be brought under the plan, thus a wide dif”erence bet .eex :n tLC total
‘LMIil 1y covera~e in Pellstcn Ind Tecu seh night result.

The question used to dete Line the {enernl attitude of inforxznts

_l 7
l'

tcnrflr s Ire iynrrt .mlans leS "In general do yeu thin? that insurance

plans fer payinfi doctor and hesgital bills are a good idea or not?"
Replies to this eues icn in Table XX indicate general acceptance in

both CQHLUDILIBS with eighty—three percent in the Pellstcn community
and eighty-two per rcent in the Tecuaseh ccmnunity in favor of such a

plan. fihen these fig ures are compar d to the iiju.res for the state

rural sam;le, they are found t7 be siwilar Tor eighty—nine percent
of the stat= sample were re portec as vcri nr prep 3 ent l-rs for
paying doctor and hospital bills. Th’ reLainfier were listed as un—

certain except for one infernant in each CCrz: u.it3, who stated that
he did not favor such a plan.
Residents of both the Pellstcn and Tecurseh cow rnities endorsed

the use CF “PQWL*KOPL plans in extcncing ederuate helical care to the

Tgbrws

1.] JUL

our” Y I v m
v1. 1!.Lk-Vlb.) ;.3 ‘ -‘-‘.\--~ Lani") ..Ll.‘ a.
' 1

A
'r“ .3 I,“ T‘: “"17" w' r _ ‘ r71? W -. '>
R‘J‘MI‘X» L1 AR \1 *;“-)U ..‘flfi-Cg A L-.;.~J : u 1..

Li.’

1" "m ‘r

Jada-4.1.

"In r-lm «'x

.“L‘U&J .LLJUIJ _'7‘

CL:

' Y'Y‘r‘: ." \
.. 1J1; _L l in;

 

 

IAYILG HOSPITAL igD DQJTJR El 3
Community Pellston Tecumseh State Rural

Sample

 

Total Respondents 36

50

319

 

Total Per cent 100

100

100

 

A good idea 83
Not a good idea 3
Uncertain la

No response -

82

16

89

 

rm 1 , --.1.

ycpulv mt cn ine me nod Cf e

.

controversial subject. Lax; fe'l tn-t the cnly Le

tendirrr 3100 ccverafie is, h

ccrurehensive governnental prc;fl;r“rt l“n, while others believe that

the presoz.t voluntary filans Hith svas idy for the I

represent a superior method. In orier to

‘

lrck of medical "escurces on attitudes tcve.rc such pl ns infcrwazts

as”.

v

14;; “C .- C1 ((7 [ITS] 7r * J“: r 1“,": !_ 1'... - 1 {-1 v r:- . I: '.)-)V.. _ “t
‘.-.,l rau'--.¢\L L-O JCu -‘_'-.-VL.I' u». C .'_-(1LL C- L- LCV-ILMCA

H
:3
FL“;
0
1—}
l
(N
d—
f“

P\" k~ ~ 31. -. . ‘ as" -‘- ..-..~
Wcl‘e 0-... -1- i" 111 GLEN. CO... Ul'llLlo'S.

*1,-

f-fcur cercent favcz 61 such :
‘l -‘ v’ ’5' fl " v-- ‘ 1 . . . ’x -"
Lr'l 1 st te ru1¢l 80.. e in Mthh a
' .~_ 9 i ,. 4 - ,\ .. ,. ,.,_,‘ . ,3. .
1“7Clfi(171'.‘ Cl tn; '1-10\;-t-..1-1; 1:. ..) 1.1"” 1,:119 I Gill/CH1- . 01 .LJ’.

w . : — V 'L ‘—. v- ‘ 0 '. '7‘. "a I“ “'7 . ~ - ‘7 ‘- ". ..x ‘y ‘
Ltnitios tn: nlr‘ r Cl JNJCIL.ntQ ‘nc Lwle uaczzt

\JtLl (3116:.(1 (1.

_ 17‘

w - r
. ' l T
“1' 0-4-8 .«lL-i L _L_

C"
.

eterrjno the

-go

sn

1r

"J

CW

“Cored “13

..LI

t

rtg-three

"'"= 1 r ~7"r\ '- ' r!- ’ r. fir” ' A
wuile tne nLYocr iavorin sucn a nlnn were ie.er.J

+nut in

I
_ Y
-.._LL1

1!? S
7111
1116’

1CSin7 ruch a plan, rcV"er, ans xcro nevrly constant

.0

_l 01"

rill

\

}....

I
1.

l
,4. L}

P
4-

V1
..

L-(jent

SL1-

"161031113

'tS

In compari_

both com—

frezter,

nuibc

, '1 '1 .. 51.7
(1.4-1. ml “3

I "ereut

r‘

1. k. L.)

 

2 Cf Chi—sou
giving a .,0 ca

r7")

1 v

is such 0

OIIVlCXS

Ah ‘
o* I

J. -
.-. D‘ .7- V’ ‘ 3“ ':~
;\.._J .I;‘.-\.-/.L..' I .Kv

v
-
-.-
-_

h

' ~ s‘ ‘rI *‘v
V‘ I ~'..T"3 (f.
.v‘_.'x.‘...--|J “-
‘1' - "'1‘ (t -' ‘

- ‘LV.

-.‘-3-_-. V- 1.2. V.-

".‘.“.T r-

- ....J;-._J-I ...L, L!

n

_‘ ‘ I 1
Y
'JV . v.4“

Tn"

11—- “..-II‘. T'

'.”
L-ZJLU - v'~v

c' T 77"

”HIV"?
4'1-\.J I

luv

. ...‘.__.,—I
(-1.241;

. -, «r.
r-J_ll -AJ-a‘

F‘
JV.4‘~L AU" .1.

‘w-‘Y-

.~rfiw-c--l ‘ r‘
- .L.'.JLJ

...-MA. ‘

;;::At|v, .L-‘y/lbxl

 

 

Community

Pellston

Tecumseh

State mural
Sample

 

Total Respondents

36

50

319

 

Total Per cent

lCO

lOO

 

Yes

Uncertain

No

thl
O
*S
(D
U)
’C
O
:3
O)
(D

33
36
27

 

'1 .f‘

deterrination of the percent ye 01 individuals having insur-

q

ance to pay fcr hosyita‘ sills is not exact. however, dividing the

I‘. ... I 'v o 1 u ‘ f. ’7 ~ ’ I ‘ _ | .L J. r w‘v Y” n
JILllleS n Vlig fuil cover fie oy tne total nunber of fami—

o
1!.

nur b I‘ C

"I"\

lies interviewed may give an an TCIilfltifih. In the rellston con unity

,his indicates one-third of the faxiliss h“ve such coveraye and in

the Tecrrseh coniunit" twent‘-two nercnnt or less than one—fourth

\.'
U

Th

have such coverage. e ad’iticn of the iniividuals cov,red rom

fani ies not having all renbers insured indicates thpt between one-

1

third and one half of tne individuals included in the sa ole had some

V' O ‘ v ‘: r“ 4 - w -| rs 1 r- : x . 1". -'\f' 77 1
tvge O4 hCSJLtgfi 433 anCc. Those n Vl*fl insulance to pd; tne fees

an 1-9

for surgery were 3 o ertienizvteiir less.

U

{11' '1 ITT
LJ' ML. .-.-1-1.. I

\r - ",1 r" ‘ 1 ' '1‘ ' ' "‘1 “ ’1‘ 7'1‘ *fl
. I 1 ‘ ' .' ' Y . .. .
..1. x1. ...‘J...-.p..‘.1.. Y.-I.J _ QJL. _A.._,"\A.‘JJ..L w- J _- J L141.-- K1: L1,;

:he cost of health care is an izlx Ttdlt conswi eratian for the

91 _, . t .- ._ _.. ,, J . . : .l,-.'" ,, . _ , ._ . L. _ 1.” J-‘ ,1
la)... ild LIA-L 11113 :1 l e .1. be -‘-1.1I'C;l a“; .1... . :0 5:31." I C grep. 8;- DCLl Ur]- bile CKJILE-
.. . - : .2. ' ,.- .. : -: . x. r .- .-, . in ..‘ _._ ,n .1. ' _.- n ': ...", .L‘ - , r.
Lillie; 1;; d. L_ €13;)l‘1‘_1-1,i.._ J .L»1C'J\.)-fl _LIl MAB LLJlJI’I.CUl‘J.rl QL Lisa-lull 1291' Sull-

nel en'sjed in privnte préctice a.d relate faCilities. Co.seeteltly,
in this survey an attelft ris u'de ts estim-te the aver 3e cost of
health care ger lazil? incLuded in the sasple. 3sti ages were then mzde
for the con unity 0y ir .easir; the aver? e family expenditure by the
estiflsted total nunber offliiilies in the com unity. Estimates were
thus obsained for each health care iten and for the tot 1 health care
expenditure.

The method used to obtain information about cost was to question_

the inlornant a1 )out healtu expenditures for the six months period im—

mediately tzrecedin the survey. The ouestions we‘e 1t en reeeate:

.L ‘ ._,

for
the previous six months, thus inior; stion coverixj a Tull year was
obtained. This ret.:13d was used to iid recwll by the informant and
minisise under—reporting, which may occur if lonrer periods of time

are used. Information was classified according to the following

‘4

items: doctor care, a :lisnce

-.\

(.3
-<
...

casts, *lasses 11d Opticle c re,
iental care, nursing care, health and hospital insurance, MC drtjs
and medical sujjlies.

The fi ures are prezw ented in fable XXII sno*ir the esti ated

mounts s; me it per fanily in each of the two con unities. The total

-70-

1'1 «71’

TET 'xL'JLI 3 JLLII

 

 

 

 

AVJTle ECLLE) IT:L33 $3.;XTI' BY F; Llss III lHL FEELCTCN
All.) 415.230.43.31}: CL. ml]- 1::3'3 .I\. L. LIL; 113: ' ..LJJLI J'uLJITLi ' :15J'J.C|.)
Ddglflf} 71.5};3 J.-. L I L33 __3.LL -I I SJIt‘JEY ..-;JJ Halludgtj FUN. TEE;
LJI. EIJLE VU.L.LU JFJIY
Pellston Tecumseh Estima ted Exnenditure*
SEQJICE 36 families 50 families For Entire Community
Pellston Tecumso
Doctor care in-
cluding fees for 1 .
surgery ##7.67 #65.59 e18,llh.60 Q126,260.75
Dental care 21.50 16.96 8,170.00 32,648.00
Drugs including
prescribed and
other purchases 20.A6 12.89 7,77h.90 2h,813.25
Glasses and opti-
cal care 6.15 7.23 2,337.00 l3,9l7.75
Hospitalization
and hospital
insurance 30.h3 28.12 ll,563.h0 5a,131.00
Nursing care .11 5.16 Al.80 9,933.00
Appliances and
caStS _ 308]- — 7:33:1'025
5126.32 9139.76 3&8,001.60 ”269,038.00

 

Jo
’ "

families by the
390 in Pellston

Obtained by multiplying the average per item for the sample
estimated number of families
and 1925 in Tecumseh.

in the conruni

amounts are si il r, althou;n a on; certain cetejories variations

are evident. The average numoer of individuals per Legilr inter-

Y

viewed in tne Yecuwsea cognunitf has sli htlj lower than for fam—

I

ilies interViewed in tne :elleton com unity.‘ Tne “mount spent

ior doctor care was, however, greetgr per firily in Becumseh where

the averige cost per in il; was a roxim.telv eighteen dollzrs more

per year. This difference is in agreement with earlier findings
on the use of a doctor in unicn the e ount of doctor C°re was found

to be greater in lecunseh. :xrenditures were also jreater in Tecumseh

J
.L

‘ 1

for nursing Ogre, eupliahcee :nd costs. fixpenditures for etner cate—

’1

gories show a much smaller difference. The average for these items

’i

is approximately two dollars greater IQF lelleton, but tLis differ—

ential fails to reflect the families in Lecuyfieh who as employees of

V

the Iecumsen Products Conganv have hospitalization and certain other

medical service provided in their work contract with the company.

3

u|l _Lo C. I" o
.L

'ne amount spent for dentnl c;re by tne i.wil1es in Pellston
was hijner tnan tiet Spent for dental cere in fecumsen. Ihe rea-

son i.

U)
__ V
O
C“
0
z‘
a
t.) .
g- L
O
(+-
\o
l .1
}_.J
CT
0
(2‘
f.

it no; to sone extent reflect a very
active public health pro ram or checking the teeth of school cnil-

dren in the cojmunity. The data shows tiat fellston had a lower

 

A0. Families interviewed in Eellcton everije four individu ls
end tnose in .L‘ecumeeh 3.7 i; divizluels per iizmily.

v
l

Al. Actual difference spent beeneen.5ellston and Tecumseh for
doctor care was Ql7.92.

c‘
_7(J-

rate of re_ ortin‘ dent 1 work out more individuals in the hi her
1 v x.‘ a,“ ' ‘ .... ‘v .. - / ,_' x A T. p." \ J- " ”in w". I .A
coat bracket. inree resorted OVer also total COQU while no One

9100. An interestinfi fact is

. J

in iccu.-sn he; co

m
(—1
L)
\
Pd
(3
1
C
“a
“3’
cf
{J

the gr ater co: t of (TUjS ior the Tells ton CQ'”UIltJ, Iniere the

average cost was appr rcxj;';atelr one third more than for Tecumseh,

m

but the survey did not reveal the reason for this difference.

1 v.~ A ,,., t : +1 .. -. -- an- ' .
napenees l)? hdmle :ne health ctre mere net bwtlSBlcwllv

U)

‘l

'11 '- n #1 v w
eiiston aha locumsen, ee-

1
Pr‘

significant for QllLvrCfl es netween

“ I 1’3"" "fl. " (~- '\'~ 3 " 'u“; ‘ 1 Q' ‘ ’ 9" ~ ‘17r- J" '- ‘ ' T “
Gill/1138 Vrl- i.:.‘s,._..,ns p-110. illLJJIPI S were 3-3.1-1.. lue Gabi}. SHONE, HOL'JOVGl‘,

(

that the burden of health care erense was relatively greater in

Peliston which had lower gross incomes per iaiily a11d lower he= lth
levels. Usinf the median ross income for tile coarunitie s as a

base, it can be determined that the cost of medical care n93
seven and two-tenths percent of the family income in Pellston.
In Tecumseh it was five an: one-tenth percent of the median
gross fagily income.

Distribution of expense aypeared loss general in Pellston
where a larger number of fa ilies ref rted no ex:ense in the
health care categories. 4wenty—seven percent reported no doc—
tor or sur ic l e}:pense in Iellsten while the corresponding
percent was six for fecum-eh. ine greater cost of drugs as
noted su;;es ts that failure to consult a doctor ray result in
greater use of drugs by the fa ilv.

{7'1"

ine estimated total health evnenditur’s in the co1pua ities

indicate an iroortiht difference in purchasini power between a

co innity which lacks trivete health resources and one attractin,
“I adeqflpte our l’. She esti sted tetil extenditure for
doctor care in the tells*on co.umnity, however, could not no 001—
o" J .1 ,1 '2 Q.l'i-'l 3 L.“ C‘ l '1" ‘ firm?" “‘ t l " "p .YW ti o ‘1‘117'\."‘V

eidcren evil “one to a LOCbOI “are he 0 cents in no CO.hlhlUJ
center. Shis ii ure included fees for surgery while an undeter—

1 I

mined number oi gersons new toinf outside of the co:rmnity ior
doctor care, would continue to do so despite the inconvenience.
In addition the lack of other health person el an. facilities
would not prove attractive to a doctor LlQHLiH? to en;a*e in
private practice. In view of these facts it aypears likely
that the co; unity will not attract a physician nor the asso-

ciated health services and will continue to secure these serv-

ices in the Lei htorin: connunities of retoskey and Cheboygan.

of

,7 l I , ‘ \ g '\ xv" ”1‘”177“,"1T;‘,‘_11""1V“1
i.‘.~1 ...: .11.-La'..L L. ~11 1L...J L it.) \.,1 in“; uvu .14 .1,_4.&.L_J.L.1. ..J...:i Intanmiu‘

1he w;;k of the public lealth deearthent is an innortzmnt nart

L a 1....»1 ‘_

any co zunity he1lth program; however the services which it is

called upeh to perfor1 miy vary between co :unities. In areas lack-

in; private health care resources, it may have invert nt functions

PT"

71181”.

in

the provision ofi such care as well as the function of preventive

ictices.

The Iells ton coiiunity was served ey a district health depart-

"A

t which he i bee11estaolished for a period 01 yeais aid Hes en—

'sjed in an active pr: run I ruolic health work. Len: "ee county

which Tecumseh is loc ted, had est:blished a county health de-

partment only within recent years. thus one Ni ht expect a greater

reco nition of health departuent activities in the tellsto

J

.‘5

. C011—

p.

munity.

Table XXIII 3ives the resoonse to the question, "donli you

\/ 3

say that you a: e acquairiteo with the work oi t1e district or

countv health deoartnent ” The eata show that in the Pellston
d i

community forty—four percent and in the Cecums eh coni;m1it

V
Jr

 

AZ.

Distiict health clepzrtnent number three covers ;;net, Cher-
levoix, Antrin.and ttsejo counties with its health ofiicer
livin" at Poyne City, and maiht i11in3 one nurse at Pellston
in the co munity surveyed.

v

13:511.,1'3- rja'j 31 < .qn f
l -4Ab»/.._Js- A -X~‘.L.J D1 "L
A r
.11.!

C1;

. ..r. ‘9‘]. F‘ ._—. ‘
u"- - .1. U- i .-...J L‘».

{"1" a? ..
AJJKJL’-'J,JA¢

T 1‘ 1L?
411.) -J .13";

Wkr—mI'.’“‘T i- L,“ ' "l 1 ' ‘ Irfi ‘
*vdfiLK/lu OJ. Ix.r\.

-_- . ‘.-' ,‘V _Y ' *\“’“1'-‘
. athkL .L r; L’ '1.‘

1‘1 ,1!-
Q-‘LubLt

CLQCJLI

IT (TI T ("113-— H‘

...- . ~10le

: - ~- 71. . 1r -' \
1 ' I .|.. I '
1 ouJaxivm r‘.-.L/

 

 

Community

Pellston

Tecumseh

 

Total Respondents

\n
(D

 

Total Per cent

100

100

 

Yes--Aceuainted
Ko——Not acquainted

Uncertain

M1

50

 

r‘

twenty-six percent of the injermants were acqu_ainte 1 with the
work of the local health deiartnent. She differences are rot

I
_ v . A

statistically significant, but do indicate that the people of

Pt lIst on are more fa1iliar11ith ti1e work of their health de-
partment. both cozumnities, however, showel a considerable
lack of information about the public health pro3rac in their
cennunity, as over O1e—h 11 re ertei that they were not acquz1in-
ted with the work of the he: 11th deeartment.

then asked 1urthe r if any Immoer of the fanily had been
xa ined or advised by the loc l ealth e311t ent in the past

reater number in Tecumseh gave an affirmativer enly,

as shown in Tel ale XXIV. This undoubtedly re1lects a re cent

he—rin; exaninatitn within the Tecumseh cos; nity schools as

H:

was retorted earlier. Ihe oregeinj questions reveal then,

that althou h nearly one—third of the Sa1ilies in e ch co ..L nity

contained one or more :1en3ers examined or 1dviscd e1 the local
public 1we lth unit ,knowled3e of its pro ran re d loca activi-
ties is rather linited.

In order to iiscover the enter1t to which each COhLMfliCV
d

1 , - J- ,: Men's»; 1. . J..- ' .. . ..1'1
oeen trotecteu a3aihst certain selected diseases, all re—

/- L 1 I r r I in 'r If '0 ‘v- w ‘I ""‘~-.1 ~
scondeits Eel“ a Leo, ”fl1ve the LCNUSI‘ a1 ~ t1 La.lly xeea
.-~ .< n—‘- I 1 I or. -. . - ~.~.f\‘. :'. V 1‘11 '1. \ -..
vaCCinated or 1.1u1lLCl 1er shill ,oh, nirtne 1a and whoor n

r“

,k‘r

‘7‘ ~-

1’11‘1l

TijLfi

V

r\' \‘7xr‘1 "rr1.-‘ ‘ > 11 I ~-. " -"Tr[1/~ T‘j—‘I 1' T‘.i.‘T}-V"‘ rTIV‘"T '.“l—" { Vi ‘. “~
‘ ‘ ‘ - | ' ‘ ‘ ‘~ I - 1-1 I ‘ ‘
& . .kLU‘ 1$I LAi ‘AJ LP .. \. - .LL. 5|.) 13...}; K...1.-_s.A~ .‘ - .114“. \—/—.!J.. b. ‘13»! '-_J
-: . we '71 H‘lj ‘1‘" “-‘LV 1' .j «121 . 3‘s." ***.~r v11 11'
4 11-11. .I1J;'.L1J L. L‘ 1 11 U. l‘ 11. _L '.L L.-.) 13444.41 .‘. 1-4- LIJv1.-'-.L1J-l glut. -.1_J‘./
"-r v 7" ”T" I "'r‘ Y ‘- r. .' ‘T‘Y 1" 1 ~‘ ~.’1:\"/1 ‘!) T.r"‘r11r~:
:1, 1 "TO 77‘ 1r l : 'l‘ . .,. t . 1. . ... . .
C-» .gLJV *—.’L¢'$J 34L 1‘ ‘. ’.JL1‘.'._J_'\J .111). _J'. 1 Avg 10:11 k 1 x.‘ .1‘ .‘ U....L liail;-

I? Y ”1"" \ - “(1“
11 1.11114 1. 11...;

1“:
u
4

1‘ 4—)- LLL

 

 

Community Pellston

Tecumseh

 

35

Total RJstondents

SO

 

Total Per cent 100

100

 

Yes

31

...,
‘1 4
O

69

38
62

 

1'» " “V 1— Q a 1 j *. “ —:—~ 1* —: - ‘ . ”J- . -»- ‘5; -—v . - r‘ - «~- . “fin - "* / 1:: 4*
1a¢ mu ecLiuL UULLC 36 lb“ 11thlZdulOu by» 1&4 “QLQALJW a

. 4. ... , L11 4— ,,.'. (.1- 1' . 1, 1 ‘H ..A 7
1111;41 LULULF LsoLeLLed Lmud old lechscg, u41cn ngd AL SUCQ

K
Ho
(1
(-1

.1 V ,L" _ ‘71-. '1, ,' , ‘ 11L _
T33 'IWLLLL. In HOJU. 1 CO .‘ “-’13» ‘19, I'll; 54.53 1.: 131.133.1363]. Eur/'15 I'Dabef'

.1, V‘ n "1 I _!,‘_ (‘1 "‘41.. J. C; ‘v .....fil r." "'1'“ 1 ’1‘; ~_ qfiflf‘ 1'. r3”? n,-,.._,‘h‘r¢ _Lr.l 31"r
mic.“ Ll Laflv 1; u 1.11;, l LL-L1;‘.- cu..1.;.1__‘.;’ ”in; .1 T1,; :ul u ./\1_ 43.1." )1. UJ’j‘.Li. 1 UL";
" x‘r' l‘ " : 1(‘11r'1 " :7“ "- 7‘. '3 '- I a" 1 r- u ’r - 1‘ :1— ) --_ “ti";- 3 E *1

buU-qililug W. Lang, 11117.2... um- 1;: ; klpufi-Cueu o

 

"11 ' . 1' .— a; .1 '1 t: . -4, .n .
4). 1nls qu+SL1011 Lab as; 1 oui; 10p lhh VLUU&LS L5 1 CLWHJL ed
1' 1-— vx l. 3 1“ ' J 1' r~'\/-\fi’ ”—1 ‘1 A" y' J‘ 1'"- .‘- q—‘1
Ufl’ 111'.) lb 163 . UH ":bkhL‘xJuLp L; ' _ L; 1. ' " 1 0

“-w 11 w~1n n,“ .-q » a“ (ma a d “~~ ’-“* 11
“.0; 3...”. 1111.1 cons 0 1.11:1; Uni; if xx“ Lu. not can I J- (1.1.; u ""__I‘ ‘ 3. 8.1
11.00.;nj cougg only 1or L1 1.333 grog Six nontns LL 51XLee:

id
'3 "flf‘ O '1 F1
3170“... O .L (..A.

TAL‘L’

FjR CQKT CF

IIDIfIUUALS II

‘I
a
J

1rxr1,’
AULV

I I

II ‘7‘“ r-1-2 ~ .5 ”1“" _
AJJJ'J ulc.1.'.....uJ 1x14.) "

 

 

PLLLQTQX And TACU33;H b1“ (Iii VLCCII.T;J b3 I;IU Isa;
ACAIISI SQALLEtX, DILTKLJIA gig 333”}Ih} 3;UGH*
Community Pellston Tecumseh State Rural

C,~ ,'., - '7
ud—AALL ’Le

 

Smallpox:

Total number who
should be vac-
CiHfit 811* 1%

Per cent of these
who have not been
vaccinated.

Diptheria:

Total number who
should be immunized* 61

Per cent of these
who have not been
immunized.

flhooping cough:

Total number who
should be immunized* 61
Per cent of these

who have not been
immunized. lo;

1696

1:1"
3 3 IU

63 620

19,; 32;:

 

* In the survey
over one year of age.
cough, it was

sixteen years of age.

the question on
In the
only asked for individuals from six months to

(41/

smallpox incl ded all individuals
ase of diptheria and whOOping

4“
UK]-

V ‘l

A final question to test the recognition of health needs in the
Connuhity and sgecific troolems about which the community was actively
concerned was ”Do you feel that this connunity has a major health prob—

lem?” She results in fable XXVI indiche that a majority in both com-

munities felt that no major health problem existed. Nineteen percent

*4 o
F-
b

n Pellston contunity a1d twenty—3' percent in the Tecumseh com-
munity felt that such a -roblen mi;ht exist but the; weren't sure.

..‘I .1 ‘ L

y—ei*ht nercent in rellrton who believed that a

m

Problen existed st.ted in over one halC or the cases that lack o?

doctor in the conuuhity was a problem. In the Tecumseh com1unity the

single item mOst frequently mentioned was SCWEJS disposal. tther in—
for ants noted local conditions which they thought unsatisfactory.

Diffierehces between the comrunitites were not statistically signi—
ficant and indic.te a general lack oi concern about local health

treblems by a najority of the yopulation.

'1 , " . Wr‘V'Tfr‘
1Q \
(1‘1le .114; .L

T" , " 11'1 r'."~r L .

‘ 1 1:. M'- .7 "1 "" .1‘ .1: ' ‘ 1 111‘: ‘1 r "’ ‘1 ‘ " 1
J . 1 1 ,, .41 1‘ - -, ~ 1 ‘1 1‘ l 1 ' ~. t 1 -
.-.Jiiv-_.1.l.x‘.41_(1 UP .L-..L»...-.L.. ..J n.1b ‘.J.L.‘L.LJ_J 11.5.1 11 AL.FLLI\~‘-U ii14;.l_1.'.11

7‘1
'.'_~| ‘1' r ' -'.v".' 1m} * ' 1'11"} “1; "1 ‘ ' \' m1 "1:7 111'1‘ '~‘ - _1‘ .-.| o_ ,‘Tfi
. ISL-glues- Lune-) l .2 11. 1.1.1413 LU. ... .U.. I l J 111.1) I- (“gift RAMCI. O

 

 

Community Pellston Tecumseh

 

Total Respondents 36 50

 

Total Per cent 100 100

 

Yes 28 18

Sewage disposal - 8
Lack of doctor 17 _

Other problems ll 10
No 53 56

Uncertain 19 26

 

p 77; VI
lJoL—LL‘. .‘LLJ-L U

f'TT“". “r '("‘T‘\ C 1‘7'3»"‘,"."‘I"-"'3:‘
in) L144}; .I.._.L .. 4.1) v-1U41—JLMJ ‘v--2.J

‘ J-

This study indicates that the p“0

U]

out system of providing
medical care ‘ esults in d1s1av+nt1 s for a community such as
Pollston havini insufficient purchasing power to attract a phy-
sician or the related services so nr'cess‘rr to the concept of
modern health care.

The inconven ence and cost of traveling long distances to

Ldjoininf corumnity centers for health care has resulted in

.)

o o '1 '

si3n131cant eifierences in the treatxent or posit iv e symptoms
recognized by the informants. In Fe ston, the community
havinj no doctor, only one out of every three positive symp-
toms re003nize ed by the in;1”ornant received medical attention.
In Tecumseh, where the doctors were IOCC ted in the co-asunity
cer ter, three out of every four positive symptoms rec03nized

received medical attention. ihis relationship remained true

even when the informants were classified accordin; to the gross

H4
p—a
9
p

.
CT—
...;
....)

family income and indicated a consistently lower level of
care for the Pellston community. The larger p13 roentage of
perso11s having; no positive symnto treated also occurred in
the Pellston cotmmnity where a greater number of fauilies re-

n . ' l

ported lower incomes, IGWST modern conveniences 1n the hom

and lower leve s of education. Shey also refer ed ;o home cells
by a phvsician, alparently due to the distance.

-‘. .‘ " . ‘ t“! l--. .. .,..
ultnou A the reeleonts oi Lell to1 {We1

((3
O
H
o
(L‘
C.
O
O
O
{3
C
I

Side of the con.un1tv ior medical care only iour in 'or I-nts
--,_ .V -- 1,, W. ,,r‘ x "F.,”, .3 , ,3 ~._ .9“ '

IUSIiLthGCL (...LSUQILLU -.3 one l\.3::a..’_;(..‘.1...pQI IIOL C ).1.J“]_U.L[' 1 u. C'JCUQI.

.. 4,. 9...,” ..o. ... .-..L4..£ ', 1. ._. u:4' n .-.. ' ' A

ho1e 1roouerol uuhleflJd 1n JOufl co: m1,1es has cost, indies—

tin: that anon; 1a1jlie s cost is an ixport ht reason for failure

.- ._ 1 , 1.- .L- . .1-.. -. . ‘ \. ‘ and -11 ..'.. ‘. r 1 . -
to Cohzult a doctor. ttnol reas-he 11 fluently heht1oneo mere

C"
0
It)"
(3
C
i. 1
O
(D

1- rr J'- -‘ § ‘ f-v P. - . - - r ‘L “ T . ~ 1. -~1~"' r' . ‘ I ‘ ‘\ r‘
{41.8 S ‘. .‘nYDDKJLLU 1‘81 3 110'.) L21 {.214 (AU SerDLS I 01" l . 13C
7 n - rI -~ 31 I " ‘ '. - I,
luau not gal-4101114.. 1—1:. a. 1 02101 -11! 1.201....“ 'J'l.
— ‘Wr‘ . r1 . 3' ‘.“ (H {.33 1' ‘~ -'~ .1 ‘L j " ‘. tn r: 1‘1’. ' " . .‘.'- "\ 11 “ ~ ' 31 *"f; : «x ’ .' ‘7‘ '(’\:' 1 . x:
.114- _e. glulh 0.: J. Jr 1;(.:.-_€_ (1;. C -_ 01 1.1.11-1: but, UL’JCJLVK/ ..LU.:;L.I.L _ Jl 10L).
*3. 3.- . _ . , ,1- ,1 3. _._ 1 - _ - -.~ 1.31 . . '1 :._ ,'-. 3 ,1 .
PI'CCCdll. . one :u “v” ’. “.101"; 10'- .I . L10 .10 1.0..81‘ 1.; o.;; _ (3.1.1:- :1le CU? 1.-

° .- Fr- ...“ . .. — 4. n. ...'.1 .. ,. " ..- .."1
’lUll‘ch’ 11.13170 ix-.'3 Ulol‘1ia,’ COSV T81“ 1.1}. ;.l.I_".I.I{.1.> “1-21).,3]. LUI‘ 1.1. :.‘._L i.

Q J. 9 ~' ’ J. u

i

(U
0
. 1
C..-

... , .. . . . of. .. . ’ On "K — L1- -
JeI‘gJe crust Ixar 1.-1il3* :31; yl.)/.(Q .Lrth sn.e 11,301‘

,. .... .-' . j-',.. .2 ..-. 1...... ,1.’ V ... '. .. .-. -1, '..., ... .

inount 01 this 1nC1e~1ed olyen11ou1e 01A 1or tocuor cn1e. 1hc

"" "‘ I ‘. ~/ a . ' - .*‘—-\r-' -‘ ~> ' v {7“ .4‘ ,-..*
2-;055 L: lELL’“ ‘J‘Itfalm lot-118 0L Tu-JtilCL a; “$111.0 1;: LAG CO ‘1113 J. 1e; 1.01:)

1 .\ «'- ~ -r - 1 v- \ I‘ :‘A I‘ ”'1“. o ‘.‘r- 1 . ‘L ' .1 '. "‘ ‘ ‘.' ‘ ‘ " ‘.‘ T ‘ . . ' “.I " "

QUCLJOL’ C -1 ‘3 :.1‘ .L 11:0 101’ (ILI ‘ Ll“; , ILOT131L11.l..I_.1.Z«.-.B.LJ_‘1’ C4 LIOU ._I_LlJ.'-l

: u (a -’—.r-‘-\ ,3 ‘1‘ Q ~. '.. a 1 .1. 1.-1 ‘ -(_~ «‘1 I1 ‘fi 3"! '3'; (‘I I“ ~1r1. ‘ It“ ‘. “ .1 h ’T 4/3 ) ~ ~_~ _ ‘

Liloll‘y~'_10\,. J‘._,ILLJ(1_ C .. (’3, (111133.), -J-__11.~:._)k_.u (.11.; Or, I.LC(.-..- VLbL K) C‘.., .__Om-e(:i

t‘, -r\ )\-r f) -‘ "1* r3 ~,(" " ,‘\’~‘~-.I" '1. (‘p ’ r' ‘1 4'“ nwrfl‘443.’¢ '\ («J- D
118 I‘v..LvLi11 I‘ 01 11;, Coot. _. 0.1.1111 1.1.211 J1. uLlC; (xv-51:13.38 C‘s-so .I.

iah 5r.ss fa ily income, indicited
that families in Pellston syent a lar'er percent of the i1 finily

income 10? health c”1e.

I ‘ '! ' r-wo-.'vr~ --y .l. l -
Lhe distance ts a nos ital was not excessive in either Fell

. y o :__ v‘ a v - v,“ 1 _ ’ \ . ,-. u ’_ f- ‘ _ I.“ {u -
“ Lecursen cor UhloV, LACY: Lnu or evexv live la lllvn re
..l a, A — _ .. r. U

(’3
(‘1
U
:5
O

n n 1 3" .J__.. o " 'OL', _Iy L1“

WOTt€d_IJL t one or‘:usre sungoers zmvl oeeh nosgmn(slized YJAhLLl the
' - - rm '« 9'«1~ ”'meW/‘H? closel"r Vita the hos-
13°C year or two. lfllb lldhle colrcsponss s a s s. t.

o v o 0 '_ :3... _l_ 1_ '1 r _‘ v _I_ . _;_ Q ' >- . o "
pitalisation reported ior bHG rural SCJHCUU OL Unv state \loe

” ‘ ”'d t“ ’ ” '="*““o t‘ his F part or all of the
stuay, as did the use oi insurance 0 t. l pa
. ‘. r V I ‘ ‘._ - ~r— ‘r‘ 1‘ _;l _ i _ 1 . -"r _’V:_C. 1 I I v~ v_
hospital blllS. Approximiselg one hall 0L the ianllies re;orted

that one or more memoers had hospital insurance with greportion—

U)

ately fewer having such coverage for surgical iee .
Attitudes and Opinions about doctors were found to be simi—
lar within the com unities stua'eu and to correspond closely with

1
1

the rural part of the state study. A sinilar correspondence was
found in information obtained about prepayment plans, where a
jeneral acceptance of voluntary insurance plans was expressed by
four—fifths of the faailies. 4hen informants were asked if they
favored a government sponsored pl.n to pay for health services,
replies indicated that a division of opinion existed with a
jreater number in the co innities use rtain while fewer fevered
such a plan than 'n the state study. Che similarity of atti—
tudes and opinions for the community and state surveys indicated
that the opinions on these subjects were widely held and were
not influenced strongly by local conditions.

Informants were not well informed on public health depart-
ment activities. Less than one-half reported that they were ac—

quainted with its work. About one-third of the fa ilies

‘ " : r "‘ 1/ ‘ - ' .‘ ‘.'~ 3'.""" 4‘ 1 ‘ ' r- "" 1 ‘v r '. ‘n ‘ r‘ ‘ “W
lflth‘Viu‘uLL 13' Drown bliztb 'JIlC OI‘ 11.0-9 .11~31..bCI'S 1111‘ 003.1 LGI‘UUHL-llldr

u; ‘f * _ n 1» ' ..‘ ‘« -I - ”l‘ ..‘-w ‘, _. I‘ -. :._o . u -v-‘ ...
e3-311311e: o1' ai1v133etr by (a .Aiolurc ibutlxfll 1n1rs£3 01‘ 01!L1cc3r rnthLua

‘ 1‘ w‘:“ wv 1""- T'rr‘ ----r " J: rx 1“- } —..-«. ~v,. -. I ' ‘. fl ‘ "fl -‘f‘ll '5 l -
the Last year. VJCClgfivLUKS and LmMLJLZdU; he ler sue po:{ and
l. «I- ,3 r. -. ‘ M"‘ r “. ‘f 1 ' )hp ) ..‘ n '-r\ ‘f *on ‘7" 3' \pz“ NFI ‘.

C ilk/1.9- L-.. _LI.'-J-LC .bb Lung 53. .-l 1101 ‘ x .. 453.1U_L)K.; ..ol 9 _ '3 L1(J.;J«J .Li'.
in“ 1 (~-J~ a 1w. 4 ”v x-H‘rwwv“ ~ —~~‘~3 NT .....x ' c 3* t .r ya :1 w

.. 9-1.4..) LJ'J i, U.l\4 Cg)-.- .ei-_J_'u'J’ “..'-u_;.‘v .-.U ..l' ..‘vJ-.. ..- _ii flCCo .:.1 18 C .. k 1"

Mn. 1- .:- .-"‘,. an ,. : M... .. ‘ ' ‘qqr,’ .-‘, . , .-
itr out tion as aesiya DdsllC nailed ‘1o1raL.
(‘1 1 V 13“”: r‘ 4‘" I - .'r ’1 ' -‘ ,‘ I)“ (“I I f" “('31 f‘ 1 . 1 r ~.
In conc lu.ioa “Lu thhJ lJulCchg Lil- 31% ”CC secseen
,1 1 . :3 .- _, _° 1.: h .'.‘1 . . ...' ' 1.‘ 1- .. in. :1. 3-44. .'_.',111 ,1
ctxixu;LLtless i: Xu;lC Ilze k:«;L.;Lleti e1 :gu: :23 (r1t .Qlflbififllbledhul
- ... _‘ :.1. .1 .1 . ..-'. ,.,.4. . 1 'g 2.3 .,1
tel“ s afiZCLCJJ big Ifso. LL-e trvatt.ix;s oi .-l. LN)4luL..LLJU 1i.»1JCC11

- .-—' - ‘-'- 'Y"' \“ 1 'firfi ‘ ;r‘"r -~ ' "1". "1' “I" ‘ ...’,«‘—° r- ”-‘. - '
vs:;1411 newlnnx 13s_111ees. 1&3 1:,ces1eiw' Log11.e.lctd_<31;e :L‘the
fl .7. -, ~, '~"“. . “f .n":" , ”-r r -," 4‘ r‘ ‘ ~—. ‘f" “V I‘ I 1' " ‘r : \ IA" “\ '.'
.L CALL/gun CO.1-..1_s1lu(:.' JLJ. ; [_"-"QLL .-D'J U0 JULLG BJ'LU‘JLIU DJ .-l 4.1191 321.130 _LJl
_s- V .‘ '“ _I_’, fl : _Q o J_ O ’ —‘ ‘ ’ >v_ “ I ..’ 1 _: .1 v— ‘— “ ..- o ‘4. ..‘-O _I‘ V- r)!“ 1-1,
one Hewlbgl ecolV'lol 0-- 1111.3 .LIDliCiyv Sl_1_.;pol"oeu 0.1;)“ .LCb -L‘;CLlL2‘.l
I . ..A» ‘" 1 ‘ YJ- -. . fi'L O" r“ 1" ' Fr‘ s ‘\ 'I ‘L " 'ql :1 " 'u '- r‘
a partnent. L1ivate QSQuCLQQ sucn as the "VailQIeh's und 01
I ” ‘-, ° - *1” ‘ 1r 1 "11.13.?“ W 3 (‘7‘ “o. 1 fins “'1 an w"- . . “'“w 1 r‘ ‘1
.llC.Ll_.a.u llavb uLJDQLKLlQeU ...".reblcv COI... ( CJLIJ _J.i-;'._._ ..‘\vl;. ll; Lué, CJ .-'-
.1 .':‘~—— -w, E. v .1 L ~, - 1 ~-~ v ' ..‘ r1 1 ‘ \\ r'N “ '
IURloJ and tLe use 0; voiuntary prepafhent insurance plans have
:- ‘. . ' ‘1‘?“ ~ NV" --. 3‘ ‘4 ‘ ~.— "‘ .‘ Q 7'- : 'r~ . " r' L, I ‘
aided in the he ie_t 1o; heiltx se1viC3s. In 8,1 e o1 these

I, ' - I ,3 1 n V n~< 1 1 V r -1 "“. . _ . ’ ‘ .' ‘q .x“ J.‘ ,- V_; _
elrorts levels 01 HCthL azfl health cxle Le1e lo e1 1“ the ell-

.‘ 1 _° 2, ..'.“ n 3-“. 1.1 L.-. ‘.L ,3 v I , 4. °
ston COJAUHLUJ cues in the 1ecr s n Go LMHlUy’ nne1e eteration
oi the present system prov1ded a reasonaoly adequate surely Ol

mllth resources. lHlS apreared to "esrlt in a cogpdrative cur-

.14 D ‘1 _° ‘1 , '.". .: ' °-:. ‘ .° .. .-'-
tallnent 01 public hea on activ1ties in the le r“ser co.;unlty
“‘4" n .’ . J ‘ ‘fl' ”L ’ V I“ \ 1\ . f "I J— : w “‘ " “'3! ’ " ‘7
add a mi her LO sul tion1stio per p‘tlic HBmlod newsrt ant em—
ployee.

' 0 t 1
l

es-ite t1e current inadequaCios and dit e1 aces in t

...)
(D

1 4“- l ”.1 (1 'H' ‘ ‘ — u-x ..' IN 1-: -'-".
health CL e 11eeds oi the EObUAQUIon, the

tendency for institutienel ferns to resist change was reflected

' ‘ ”11

in tee e“finions expressed in tne COfxunities studied. 1ne sini-

..‘

larity to inc state study indicates that triditional beliefs and

V.

inertia on tne part of the population with respect to health prob-

lems stand in the We? of meeting the health ne3ds of disadvantaged

Ulyvd

k 0

Il‘
ya
0

\O

I”LIU:R1.HI

I '- '— ‘~_“ _ . ..’,J
1 .. U 1L’IJ V'JJ. 23);)” .L
‘I n N's ,1 1*; . ‘ -
04. \ C -KJ_L\) L' _lkl ..1 U..1“'~D ..-‘.) ‘r.
l\ 1 _‘ fl ‘ r‘) -r‘ n] r1,
")1.-.‘__,u_Ll " 1/4’.

9,1 fQTCi -- o

 

Z C1}7173_T! .1
LIKLCLIL tilt .ITTIJi‘lTfiJ1LL .3”

1:) =" I"
..1'--._) J

 

 

 

 

: .3... :qu Telfl_1f. Lance; . gla““ "I; e Vie» 1:—
1ti;*7_.3ffl II3“7 tv (33‘iwir. 13;: .twrte €711'1.‘3 -« ,jiim jAJm,
;*riculturel 3L33ri'ent , Jtie. :-vi-;xn of urll Locieln ;.
Iu r13" )ulletin l'l, 1u4u3t, 949.

Conrn3r, Ijrtn Z} .i3fl 11133' .35.].-. 'Ihe [l1e $2; ’eeljfix gcuwxices
in Ll‘. .31.]. Ill. .(T‘fl 1" 1:1“; ‘ .‘1‘”'_‘.'-\'7l ’ Cr. '11? I c it; '1‘ . - ' “13 1‘ CI":1‘1L§§,'lVfl.
up be Colxe e :CJQ. o; 1gw3cu3t're, “'ricuIiur'l prerinent
,E‘LLLQH, .3t.t=3 Coljb3;3 ,"en-wx;ljtniia. L‘flrtetlll jthj «lulg3 :I9Zfi .

‘1 L7 7' ' ‘
ijluilj i--. ;:‘._
r
l

.1.
Sue rorglevn gennrvlvem1

 

 

 

 

C110- 1
state Cello;

.te Colie e
Ltetion,

aJU

(DO

Dunc I1iltis U. _x3cial_1heseercn

‘}J

 

1_'I:Lc1rLtLu“e,
, We no lvenia.

Oil 128

nether. Che Use of ; ultu serv-
Con rn1.i3s. Tne Lenn-,l.3n
licultu rel Sxterinent
uI13ti11 ,17, Jul 19A?.

‘1’,

31th.

 

cil, lAmJ'Iork, 1» IL), 1740.
Hegood, L r_eret J. gtstistics for 3ociolo ists. Henry molt 9nd

 

Companj, 19h7.

Lem'Iork,

"W

Lil 3:311“ 11.

Ch rles 1. and
cooperation wit“

Hofier,
in

Legalie Lelijh 1.3.

licni
and1nomes

.9!

.-‘a“

gt.te

Lchuler. V
firfl3irusor1

 

 

 

 

Lnivors it; of hicni an pedical .c11oil. thernf1vtion oi Unmet
ik3ed_;f31‘ LeWLLC‘l_ Aid erfi3i2n1 -LKXl 1 ic?1i :r; 3'Lrfi1..a cilix3s. -l1e
J urnal 01' tne micligen Qtete 1edi03l Jociety, fol 23 pf. ALB-
413. april, 19A7.

Hoffer, Cuerles A. Health 5rd e3 th ” e~VJC3s for Ticfiiieg nirfi
Panilies. Lichigen -tlten r1cultu13l fingeriment 3 tion,

 

‘i! 1 w r
.JIQ A'LYILJALI‘ Y

Sire 501.1031",

gociol0jr

specie UWll’bl“ 3j2

Hoffer, Charles R. fleeltn r~l

i "\\-‘ (w‘

1 v
I ' ‘. ‘
‘b‘nv ..' U ..‘—J A, _L.) I l ’

0.10 if,
19/)” C).

LiC: .i jam .

 

'1 ...,_ :4. ' r. 1 r: 11' - _ :. 1
Lila- LIIY1.LUlC.‘3. 1'L.1_C:Ll .11 .-JL; .39

"J ULLLIJ-U11’
:.LLC!11.:C.11

1945i.

 

_ Lolle e
of sociOIO'y 3H1
“Qua“ter WI; ulletin Vo-

 

'V" r‘ -:-I ‘__: 7‘,“ ' . Tr“. - . ‘- r‘
.1e._;.l1.,1 . rricc 1:1 ..mee .101] .111

,1j1t1011LttrraJ
-bvtnro;010jv, : .
31, ArUjC13 BflL- 2, Lu ust,

10.

ll.

12.

1‘.
lo.

1.. 'C

oiier, Cearlee* R., Duane L. ”ibson, onxrles P. Leonie, Paul A.
Liller r, dear A. oehuler and John E. iqae 3. Health Eeefls and
Fealtn Care in nicn'“31.hcluan otate Selle e a;rieultural
dxgeriment station, oectien of seeiolo'y and nnterUOIOjY,

Last Lansing, lichigan. Special sulletin 30}, June, 1950.

 

 

Lapiere, hicha3d I. Lociolo v. Hefleaw-nill book COHPQHJ Inc.
flew York, 1940.

 

Larson, Olaf :. and Donald C. Hav. Uses of Health Resources
Q1 finial reople in Ewe Lew York Counties, 1939. Jew forL otate
Colle e of agricUlture, Jepartnent oi' mural ooeiolo;y, Cornell
UniversitV, In coo- eeration with jureau of éjricultura Econom-
ies, U.S. Legartneno of njriculture, Ithaca, Lew "fork. Bulle—
tin 27, June, l9gl.

 

 

 

Leonie, Charles T. and Allan J. Beegle. Rural Social Sixtens.
frentice hall Inc. hew'York, 1950.

 

Lanfius 3.3. Lealtn and u :‘333 Resources in Rural Ohio. Colum—
' p

 

 

'hio, Lav 194A.

Kayo, Jelz C. and Kie Lebastien fiullerton. Hedieal Care in
lreene County. Africultural unperinent Station LO tn Caroli-
na Ctate ColLe e “aici fiorth Carolina, bUlle '
1_ 1 r

 

 

 

 

 

 

"_.L..‘ I ‘-_ (~.. _ ‘ ' -'- ... / -4 fl ‘1

LOUC, :TOQCY iek u. and Hilton I. aoeMur. Ilzal Hemlbl and

H ' 0 r‘ ' I“ ‘6 I T. . ~ ‘1)" ’1 ...‘ - . _r‘ f T ‘(7 ‘1 r \ | CK.

“CdlCm Cale. LCTF&W - dill sock Longany Ine., Lew IO h, 933.

‘ - - fi w ‘ v i“ 'v v' *4". Pr ~ "' V-- "‘\r 1 ‘ '4 m8 '9

ignars. .J.F. axxllihn. oo~.lex3. 311~l . :1. al; .,3 on.it1ir 1J3?

I- r ‘l ’. r‘ I‘" ‘D _ ‘ '-1".‘ “_‘* ' d : . x I r ‘41‘. ‘i

.euical Li 3. nuiai ooeiolo . vol. 12, pp. 423—42), Leeansel,
l v

‘

‘f‘ ‘ _ ' l 1 , ‘ ' '11 'l - n_ ‘ 1‘ _ —. ”1 V ' _, _ '- “‘;I " 1 ‘ ' "\
oenuler, no ar 3., oelz v. nayo anc neLiJ L. “a; ver n.J.
. "\Q "‘1‘ 1*. »,.. 7-v\'v \‘L h- p] n“ "I ~ — 1:“: "1 7""; 11/3 ‘1'“ ‘ “"‘r\fi‘\ 410‘ ‘L '.
3,192.9“). .LI. U.-- ".ng -, Be“ J-UL .‘,Ox..-LC.L.J 1/14,- L," ..II 11-, bl l] ..J'. .L/ Ill

Let on. nural Jociolo 3, Vol. ll, go. lg2—lja. June 1930.

I—o—o

 

 

. . ' ~ .~ 3 3 ,. -. r . , - — . .., 111-. ° C L‘.

Lrtillie,. .ilson w. LTGVCNQIVC ;::lClT€ in} inelic Meals”.
‘ vy' J ‘ .""\ ’o I”\

neuillan Lo..an , .93 ,-1k, 1952.

d

 

f". - A (a A ~ ‘~ '. f A '1'“ -'\v ... . 2» w l q .3 “ —‘ ‘ I‘
iooey, .zes m. tUolic LCLTUJ 333. oees-nuealt3 .une, Lew
I" ‘l— /

Lori's, l/Z‘LI O

 

r') I)
{...p... .

 

 

 

'\
“1‘98 05.

 

 

"1‘ -‘ . -: ..' .' ‘ f x -‘ ' fl. - r' ”it? .2 . fl
#1115; JV .1 ‘. I‘LL'LI}.L;1\.' ‘1 CA f’l‘w L2H"- Or t‘t-xmuxJLIle,
) . -... _----- _...
e 0 ~ . ~ 0 5 I ‘ o ‘ u . .
r\1- - .A _ w ~ y ~ ' ‘ r'
T‘ ILIA‘E ..'..l l _-C.-l ' J 11.1 1-- r’... -\.). 14C 14.. .2... _lLJ:—' be
_ —— —~—.~——-——o—.—~—-. ~~ -.- ~
I., ‘ ‘ _ .1. 1. r L ‘ ,- ‘ ‘ . - Al. ., . .1" A ' “ , , , ‘
CL‘ uLII‘C-ll 4“: -.l‘l.'.‘."l’iu JLJ'_L'./-l.‘.).'., ”C3 ..8.."‘_;_'.1'.‘~1;C OL _JUCLOLOIJ 2.1-1
A J- ‘
n ‘ I‘M u“: 7 ".7 1"} H n:"‘-l ~")""‘."“1 .i} ““nwr‘; "3 NHL , 'H H
1;.LJ.1 J ,3.._O (J L. JL’I~J4.::..-. ..uv‘z(' 'C‘ A ‘ ‘4; “u .4. 1K), J auL-J I
. .1 ~ :- - , r~ N - r‘l
W'UCLVW Lu+weu1n ;{u. JULG, l9; .
USE; ICLI. c .u. A,'l‘lC'_- J} L' J- .'_.- i! .1103“ ;.J.* “_Ciu 'C'.‘ ;
$4,, " V-.‘., ‘ 7'. . : vw. ‘1 rt.) 77 “51"-..” ,.A..~'n1"‘-'«»,.. l - ,.
; 4”,; 1. k ..;.. ..'.-.LC:;.L :.L? .- ‘wLLu, \JJLJLK‘: .: ...-Tl .L‘JLL1_UL1.J.-.‘. ;.1-~_’:;
~".A¢-o— l-J 5’ ‘4) ‘

tion, chLLJJ 0:
231, p. 63, 19h3.

' ‘

_T 1 " J- ‘ v. ' ..
.' r‘ . . - I 4‘... .
4'»)-L.L-;" ...l.’LI “L“L‘.~l‘1,)

-96-

3

.
'V 1.:.‘;"'
.L;.;\.r..i L.)

.493-

 

  
   
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

IICflIGAl SOCJIL
age: ...... gee:
nzc Al
2’1 lug BIB # I SURVl! A¥A4 i_a_ (cans
ormation in this schedule is strictly confidenti
and under the exclusive control of the Social Research
Service of Michigan State Colle e. lanes of all persons
referred to in this schedule wi 1 net be quoted or made
public in any way. AA
lo} Schedule 1-3______.___
lumber: h-S County: u.5
Post Office
Address: a
Sample area:
l-Rural ( ) Z-Villaze ( ) 34m». area ( ) mm ( ) .6
Segment number: 7-9
Interviewer's initials: 10

 

 

Code for new 16. Page 2: Interview Type

 

’éheck one
0 . Not an informant
l - nformant (female head or single male head). Part I
family) and Part III ( )
2 . Informant Part I (sell only). 11 and III C x ) —w-~-«~
3 - Inter-ant for Part 1 (family). I: and III ( )
Code for how 18. Page 2: (Person lo.)

 

Call Interview

 

fly name is .... and I'm tron hichigan state Colle e. We're making a health
survey in homes all over the state of Michigan. ould you give me a few
minutes of {our time right now? Per instance we want to know if any member
of your fan ly has had any of these s ptoms in the last six months...

But first I need to know what people here are here. and their relation to the
head of your family. What is he name of the head of the household?

I ask his (her. your) e? Uho else is there in the familit And his (her)
age? Uhat relat on is (she) to the head of the househo d?

code for s toms:
‘1¥¥”fi3§ative. enter a dash( )
If positive and untreated resce‘e for home ogre). enter '1'

If positive and fFeated by non- .D.. enter
If positive and treated by I. D. or dentist. 'enter '3'

Code for vaccination and immunization:
If not vaccinated and has not had disease enter a dash ( )
If vaccinated and has not had disease. en r l ""
If not vaccinated but 55? had disease enter '2'
If vaccinated and has had disease.'enter ”3
If under minimum oF”5ver maximum age indicated. enter “a"

For each symptom reported as positive:
"Did You (he. she) do anything about for) it or not?”
(If other than home treatment or remed as salt:
“Has this an.l. D. or not?

COPYRIGHI bi SOCIAL RESBNRCI SERVIOI of uxcaxeas sears OGLLIOI. June. 1938
Permission o reproduce any portion of this schedule must be obtained in writing.’

i
a
e
. . m
were.
0 ~—

.. -..“

.-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

. .I.. '0'" .. ...‘ . ...' e.:£.'.‘ . I .
I I - . :._ .. -e .‘s .4 . Q .- m - 5 .
| -. " ‘
'0 I
'e ..‘L‘a - ~ - coo .- -o~~ - .u e e C-..- m- -0- - - v. ' . .. . , - s ‘0
~ . . ‘ .. u a . . - . - ,
I . ‘ ‘ "v ' 1 ' ' '~ ' '
‘-_'., . s- . . r > ' w I n .I: .- . . . m .. I . _ .
. . . 3
.. , , ..q 4, .. .. .. . . .,
I " 4 " ' f . '. ' v. ‘ " - ' a \ ' . “ L \L t s 1
'- ' ‘ . ' ' ‘. . .
., , . . .‘ . 1 . s- _ _
‘ ' ' ‘ J . i- '« - a c —‘ .v m e" I ’ '. s Q . ' .
. , u
n . ' y .A - '. " *‘ 'G ‘ ‘
. . ’.. . ' ' V I , - .’ ' . . ,~ a L ‘ I ~ ’ ' r.’ \> ’ ‘ , . - I '. I
I . . ‘ - .
3 . . P l 2 A . s
a . . .. m u -0 .- . . - . ' ... ‘0... . ...,.. ... . .- . ... . . — - m a.
. 1 7‘ .
. e i , ' e
—I~b(‘~.. . - "..'-o —,--- .~.- - h. | -¢.-o ' .0 ~— ...‘. ..- ~-.m -
$ .
' 0
a .-.'-guy -..—po-‘an .4 '- ~..—~ .. —. .... ..a ,. .’.. .. .. .-- --.‘-.-.- _ 4 “..'. _.....,~ “.1.
C
- ‘ ' I v , . . .. . - -
' } J ' ‘ 1‘ ‘ . E- ( I 0 A ' o
x . I" _l I , . . . ' I - u. l -
.I
. ~‘ e
...-~u. ' ... on- [A ~. 7
5 . . ‘ , .
e "I a c _.1 . - .-
* «g-o— .— . on”...e -
s
- s ....d.- m“!m-m m .- n a. U"I us own-M a” - mun anode-w . — ... 4..» ~ .. - ...‘... _.....- fin. ... e r .—. . ...
p I . . e _. ‘ e A m - . l' ;. ~ ‘
. v ‘ -v - ' ‘- A . . we .
aI-o- ..- .—- ...,- -. _.o _«n a. -—o c . -...-a.~¢-p~-. . - . .. a . -..-...‘. --...a- a . . _. . . a .u. - ’ ...._
. -) ,.
. . . ... ..-
... ..'. h .. a
1 A, . m I‘ I
1 “* a. e' ‘ 0 ‘ "t r e a 'I e. ‘ | . \ 1 ‘- ~ ‘.I I. i
_ . . . u v n, 3 .i . f . A . V . - .
\ - .. . .
I 'o W. . ’ - ‘ . .
. o a ' . . .~ ‘ . .
.-....
l ‘ V . . .... . " e . ( ‘ l . .
. f f. ‘ . o . -4 h...
‘ I '. ! 9.1.". ..'. ..‘. ' a: ’ 7. . "'.'fll,.-v*
. ..v
‘ . 4 - I l I - a
f : '-.-v . ' * . . ' ., .- 'JJ ’ on 1 ‘., .. . |
z. . d .. .. a. e . ., . . ... ‘m e k .. ~ -L ‘ .
s, . ....- .
. v ' ' . .. ‘ ~
I ' . 1 ‘ a v , i . ‘ as u y.‘ _, .1.
, . ‘ S - I. e o ' f n 7‘ - r .I ~ ‘
sue. -- ...—e' - ..- ... r..- .
..
' .. ‘ I ~ ‘ -' -
. . 1 . ‘ ’ ’1
. a. ' ... -— .7. --.o . ..— . .- .-. ..- ...- .. .... -.. ..--_-.. ....-n‘ -.e~ou -.»»- - o . . . ... . . . _...-vu. . . .,. X
, . v ) ,. .
v
n C ’3 . .s ‘— , 4 .‘
I ' . A
p " _.~ _ . ... - a '
. - -/ . ‘ a .0
- . an- a a.- ..n I" ..'- - - "- m. - -'- 1* -.'..019 .I.‘-r"-'.~ “do: _-u’ «.m'uwowp a...“ --»-> ‘9!
I
. I
.... _ . ...- .... m....'. .-.'. ..., - «...-.... .-.- _--g . Acme .- ~- ”me ~-- *R- -.'-I. .-'. .. .p- na'm- - lu-“l’ spunv- .« e. ‘« ..- -
a
\ e
. - .3
..
.. .. .. .-. .. - .-’.--.v.~.- .»_ u....-u4.nfi\--~- r. -...~”o.. I Odoowwow _..9-0 a... -....- ... w-e- -. . .-...-~..... I- .. — .
o .': '
. i . ‘
¢» .~n~.Ootsm--‘e ”..‘—u... a --...—qo I-e ~lv- _-.-.-’m.\-.*~l.~hfl ...‘-l ‘em he --'”‘ru 0 -"V‘ . .» a-m’wm -. ... .0 -.
U . . ' I
- ; .. « .
. . .. . , t.._ ‘ q ,- U 1 ‘ ""i ‘ . ' . 1 .c ..‘ . > {a ..e 1 . m e '. '0 0 ..." . l
,. ‘. . . ;-. ‘. “ - . , . , ; .r u .. I - . - '-' . l-.I¢'
. e
.. ‘ F ‘, c - i ' '-' ' . -'r "' r ' '.
:‘a ‘ . "’ :".. ..'" }~'-;" ' ' ‘ ,.- " '5 .--e, ' ‘ - a' ': ‘
., I' . . .. v. '. -..‘ . -.' ' ,' , . e... ‘ . ...-.r , _ .
" " . .' sz‘.. . v. ls .. “' ‘ 4. \~ A 9 ' I-_ a .;' < ru..
. . , . I ~ .
a . M w .. . ‘. ' i .. - ~- rs . e ' . .: ,‘ ~ . * ‘
. - . . n. F, ‘4 ‘ t .‘ '. ' ' . . ' 5‘ 1 ... . -I ..
_ Q . . . '
. . .. . n , ., " - . e .. , -‘ e - - 5 - - . vu-' ‘ - L.
\ l ' ._ ' , s .v > -' u ' - e ' ' , . . Q ' ‘ ' e' .. ’4 ..' l .- _ , a K;
> ‘ . . - . . ‘
.. r :J - 4‘ - i X. ’ O ,. .- . n . Q ‘ . u .— .
. . >..,.-' .. 'H .‘, .- ' ' -. ' ,. ‘. :1_.~ t.' ._ .u , _ ., '.. .‘._
‘ ' ‘ ’. . v . _ . ' . .V . . . . ' .
. .. I . .. n .y to .' _ _ v- - , I v. _ . .
I’. . '.u. : . . ‘ . .1, .- ca -’." .9: \ .,_ .‘.‘ ...
' §
‘ f D. . . - . v _ -. f --. s r. ‘ — , - - ‘ ’
~v " n .» o " . . .'-’ a. -' ‘~' J. ' ‘D . ‘ _'-- -‘. - .s ’I.'. .f.. . n '1 . s. i.
l .
' 2 ' -‘ ' "h I» "
- ' r V ‘ " ..I a..." J .. fl
. W. ._‘. '. . . n ._._ . ; 5*. .. ' . '
. . .. .. ~ . ; - .. . ‘
c. ,v; ' ’ ~ .'-qr
V :v . I ' ' o ' , a " \ - . ‘ —- . . . ‘ e
. ‘. - - ‘.‘ \ J'. I ‘- ' ' : a '. ." ’ ‘ .. ' . ' AI '. ‘-' . '. . L i
v _, I - ' . v
e , . . ‘.‘ ‘Im ~ -I ,. “ m . q
1 ‘ ..‘ 1 e". ".‘e' M. -‘ "u- . n K: A ‘7
u’ n .. ,
' ' '0 ' g f' 5-. u ' . -. ,‘ ~ .... r ‘ - '. ' s
,‘ r. .‘ r ‘ ‘q - - ~ g - -.‘ . .J n x . s . . . o, \. ._ ,
' C
. v .
. . ., 5 .~ - r . ..1. , ..- . . - . . -. . e .v : _
' ‘ . l - . . s . ' ' - e
, , _,._ - . .. .. . ,. . . . fl
‘ v . . g _. -‘
- ¢ . , I -- '1 o ‘ .x ' . .
‘. :7 l. 1 : .. . A'l- -‘ . X '—
_.., - -
I I J . ..‘ s" -_ ‘ , . . , 3 .. . V I .. .
A, e .. - —. s e I ' .. _ |m‘ ~' I .
P H > m
as ‘ l I U‘ ‘ - I I '
g ' .. 3‘. ' . ¢ ' 1. ‘ ., V v 1.: . a
I . . . Y
" . ' _ , o _' ‘ e . q-‘ '
i Y a“ p - --'» . J . {a . . c I ., '
P (Y: e . . ._
I. J . . p - o» . . cu . . . - .3 W
*- u - i _ ..v‘ ‘ . r n c I
‘. ..-‘ t:— » I ’ .. - e i g - u‘L ' . e~' -’ b ‘1‘ *3: .TH J $.\
":ao‘4e .- )' .- . .- We ..’. ‘ "
a e. . s . ' -..- 'n .... ‘. a. .t
. .
" ‘.v ... to .p . 4., .. '- —. .. I. i ... _ i , .
' " b-a. ‘ ' ~09 la'! . . I ‘v- ‘ .- | . J I ‘4: 5
l - . .‘ .. ' _ e a '
‘ “a! . - _ v u a a. - e 1 [a |
‘I a \ w..- - ‘ ' . . . ...‘ . 12 l. d .-.J l. .
.3 , , , ' ~ . .
. a 3.‘ . . I. .,...3 - ‘ .
'. ... '.‘ , .. . . . , -p.~ 1. N ,'.' fl“ r.‘- ' w -' ,.- 1 , ,. .‘1 '
g . . .1 . I ~ .- . . ‘ .... . e . - . .-
e . . . . ‘
.- ( _ - . -- \-o_ .. , r - .- ~- ,. r ..
., - , " ‘-' r3 . . .. a: . . ‘L (...'u. u i . ' m". . -...i _ ' ' - .-‘ - .

 

,_..
o
O
9.
a
H
.
a
'.
a
’0
A
.
n. .,
- u
v u
e.
.
'-
I.
‘.
‘o
c
i
a

o
..
o. .1. "
. 4.’
, -
'
. .
I
4 V- ' a.
.a ...
. . ' s
~h'-‘ -.
.
, e
.‘ .
l l
e
.
..., _
P' ’ .
. ‘ I
.4 I
.
_ _ .
‘0. .

 

PART I HEDICAL NEEDS

Head of Household Relation
Pull lame: to Head

to
c t
ve

rsons over . or more

1

: Stuttering: : Nervous Breakdown:

BS: or SQVBPB

person th one or more s ?%n umn. you
c

r person wi row . you say
main reason --- hasn't seen a doctor

l-Lack of time not thought serious

person one or more a in co umfi. theN

Number of times --- has a d tor in t months

(H.H.3.D.P.L.B.33.GC.N)

Have, you or any member 'of your family put off or postponed going to a doctor

for any other reason?
1.1% ( ) 2-!“ (probe for reason)

62

 

 

(2)

 

 

 

 

   

 

           

 

   

 

     

     

 

 

       

     

 

 

 

   

   

 

 

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

       

   

   

   

     

       

 

   

 

 

‘ a
I 0 . .
.
‘ o , , . , . _.
e ' . y 0 _ , .
. L. 'l . L ‘
' I Y- ' ' '7 i '
l
. - ‘ - ‘. l I
'T- - 0 'I I." q “~ m..--.—- - _- - .- -~ 4- .- -v a ,-e v - O .— v s,- --..¢.-, ‘—.N. o - .- -‘ u..- - -. -- -es'~ I- v ...... '- e— «. _ .— . ..- —-- .
I s s '
: . ? . . . ,.
‘ e ' I
I . .
- l I ' - . ' “ -
I | .
‘ . s . I - Q
, I ‘ ' ' L‘ I . ’-
- ... . t. ..‘--. ...- - ..m ‘u . -.-o . a...- I. —.. . 0'. .-w — --- -o— my . u v -.. - .
' ' . 2 ' ‘ ' I V I ~ . . .
a - - . ‘ e
--- 00.... . o a .. .. ..- .- -.- o e . v a. . o. m - - . o-..-.*— .— - o .. . ... - - . ~ --. - s .- , , . -
’ .
. . ‘
. - .- -- «...-n- . --.. ..' —-— -v . - . -_ d' - . . . . -
- s ,
< ”..‘-cu...- ‘ena—c -.....u-s - - ‘ --. -... . - - .. . . . .
l ‘ , 1
I "
.m ..-. a... . ..'... ‘-r .. a_-“ .---..- .. ... .- -..... _ .. .. .« - .
.
.- , ~.—-e— C." --e...— - ---...n- ~- -- s...- u-.... . . _.. , _ . .. .
v ' o
D
u . in A- ---- . A... -- o - -~o - e - . ' --
.
I
. y .
. .. . - - . - - ...... p -~ - fl - u u. an. .... . u.‘.. o _-. _- ,, . ~
‘ ( O t o O . e
. .- ‘ . . s g ' a .
‘ . , . '
- ~ ‘ ' I'r
‘ , .' ' - .I . _ _ ' <
. e . — -.. m . . . . . . - . .. - - -o o— - . . »- . . . _. .
I ‘
, I
. ‘ a . .'
u _ ..‘ ‘ a u ._ , .- » . . . a . ... ...A. .. - .0. q. .. . a- «-
..
- -o ' . p .,
.. - ..'-e. -. ._- ...... . s . a - .. . . .c .. .. .- s . -. .. . , .. -. -
a
-' .
l y . e
... c--.. - —Q --. q—a , . — ,- ...... . -. . -‘ _.. .-.. - -
u . . . - .
. I ' I A .
- ~~‘ a.-. or a. . ,, .- - -.. .. - ..—.--.——.-. ‘_-~ ~--~a. *~--.‘ - s . . . - . . .4 . -. — o . . , - .... . ‘ . _. ,. _ . A o
. I
. . ,
. a I
. J ' . , -
I ’ .. . n . .
- a- -'O— v In -.._ u -r .- ..- - '- A» - - . Ml~~ rs - . ,- ' - .4 —-~ - .- a r .. . _ ..i-. .’- -.. .
o
. 1 ' , .
. ‘ .
...-u ..‘-q--m~- ...-n ..ao. . --oa- e-‘~~—-. .. . . . .. ..-... ‘. ,. _ . . , __ .\ , ... ...- __.-_.-......-.... -.-__,_ ...- — .- -. e— ‘ 4 . ’A
. .
a
_ a
o .u. s w... -4- .u . ‘. . b .‘ ... .... . .- .-.- , -. 'i - - a .. 7-- ....- ,-.-. ... - ...- __ -. .. . . . .
n I ‘ ' ' . ‘ .
I ' ' ' _ a
U ' A _ a '
-- v ——. ..--.... ~~~ u.~.c-.~...‘ -..4...” w. -.'.e“'— .. -. ~ .- s . -.-. . --- . ... — .. ..--.---.. — .... . -..- . - . -- - -
_ . ‘ . .
| . A _ ‘ I _ v A . p '
" ~ “~.- a- _.. ‘I v.‘ —. a ‘0‘- -~ . A e ‘4' u- c p' .. a -- - -. . - ~ 5 .. ‘ . . » - . . . . 7»! gu- o. >- --
. I ' , _ . ‘ a
' l - er ‘
, . . . _. _ . .
- —-,.4 .‘—.*.I-.Q.--g..u_h “a... ... O-a . . ...-_.. g . . -I .. ... .. s - . . . .--‘.» u .. _—-. -. . a ._ - .....- . . -
' i ‘ . I ' Is . n . ‘ -. ° ‘
. .
.. a a ‘ \ _l ....
' . I .- m . l ' ‘ a ‘.
' ’ _ _ a .
s e O ‘ . I . . .
. ._ ~ "
"' “ ~0 ~ '—--.‘ — -.. ‘- e~e~»'- a-.. >‘.- s’..- -.. .—m- m- ‘ .. o. - " . - «- “-..-.— ..‘- A '~ - . ~ -. . .- ... ... . _ ... Ms. . ...u . .. '— .. ,. _ ..
. , s
‘ .. . . ‘ I‘
- ‘ c 0 L ' . . .
1 v -' ... i - ..., -.. ~ ... --..-- -o r --’ -- ...‘ ~...... ~ ...—s-- §....-- - . .' . . .. - -. . I--., . . ..
‘ 1 I - '4 . , ‘ u
. a ‘.
-. . . .
- > ~. I A ... . - . u- a- 4““ - a n- - . . _ . . .. a V .. _.- - c. _a . . _. .. ..,.. -- -
. . .
. . ,‘ , ‘ a .
. ' . .. . .
' - -- p-uww ,_s~s on - ea. o v I - - ...-- . - - s . . . _..... ‘ . . . — .. q. -, . ...
. n .
. v . \ e I .. .. --- ..- - .- . . .- —-s ml-.- ..~ I . ._ - .... . . . .. . . , . v .. . ... . . .- . . -.‘- . . .-. ,
L a v u ,,
‘ I . . i v . - . ,. ‘ - .
- A . ' . .
e , ..- .. ‘0 —-.. . k-.-\~- . .-.... n- on. enu-A‘s..- .n-g- 5. - .. . , e .. .9. a. .. -. -e - . n, _- . . -...
. _ , .
I I ' r I
' e - | > r ' '
. o . . -..-- -"- ' .0 I '-‘-'~.—‘.. ’-O.-I-’q—'—e _.. o-ufl- -.- .v a. - -s . -— .-.- ._ . . ...--..... .-'. _. .. . .§_. -. ..- . -. .4- ... _q o .. -
. , . ~
' I ' . . .
s ' u .e
" - .- -~s - - -- - -‘- . ---- "00" - - "-9- 1--. v — - ~. ~.. - . . . . . . _ . ._ a. . .e—-..... o 7 v ..s -D' -.. - - .
. . ' . _-. I .
l I v I . . ‘ ‘ y .I I ’ I . .
. . I. ....-.....~. - ....o -- .... . .- ~ ‘4‘-w-—. n- .- -—- A ..-. ... - . . ... v- 1 N . .. ..'s '-... .. ..
' s z .
a ' ' o ,. . _, _
. ‘ _. . ' . s A -
s e. v-- . . . r ‘h‘ m- - ..'. A-» - .- -'-'- .~-Ilv v‘.:. c as..- ... -..‘ .- ~-..i. . .. . . . , __ _ .» --
. . ..
. I .. . . . ‘ - . .... '~
J . .. a . . . ‘ . .
I
. ~ - p— . - ~. . , .. -...—-. n...- . . . . s.- . . .---.. - p .-. ., .. . . .
‘ q . or. . .
. . . . ', ‘l . 0 ‘ .
' V . . ' o m . .
., ' ...‘ IC‘ - 0.,- _ -I ... .~. .-e .. - -- o . o- .v.-— ...~ . '.. . ..hed _. - . -, .-- . . .. - - - . . . -- . _ - . . . -
. s ' .
: ~ ' .r . . .
. . . .
I a . I . e‘ . . - ‘
. .. an ...: ..- Ibt‘IM. r . -. -... .. ...-".-.‘-.. sou-e. e- -.—a— -g—r ‘Q. -- -- n- -‘c - 0 e — A . o - - .-. .. . -.
e . ‘ . o - » ‘
v '. q ‘ ‘ . .
n .. - ..<.. ,. ..r.. w _- ... an)- . .. ,- ... . .... . -'. -.-.. o I -- .. :. --.... . -..— .aa . ,. , . _ _ .... _ , * _ ‘ , ...
. ‘ _ ' . 0'
. I ‘ e . ~ a . « l ‘. . . ~ . 4 _ _
' 1 I h
‘ s . ‘ . r e _ O ' e w - ~ . e g - o . . -. .
. - . J . . .
| ‘ . . ... ' . ._ . .
- ‘ a . I I 5,. . n .
u. m Q a: -..a‘-. we». 0 . ‘e we' "- e p -’ .-. .4...~.- - ..- ne- . an O anon . - - - . . - u- e .- o , - .0. -.s A s- - ’ ‘ 0‘ '
a ' l - - 's , . . l . .
| . ‘ . 3 . . ‘ ° . '
' . _ . ‘ s - . . . ‘ 1 . _ ' _
I ‘ .
o I e . , . .
. . 3 . II . . .
e . ' ‘
- ~~ .-e -. .-....wc. - - .e~-- . . . ._._ .-- ~——- . pr- . . —. . - . o s . » -
, ' «- -..’ do u .. § . - . - u. .. .— _- .. -_. -, . , . . _ 7
. s‘ -
I e ‘ c t
' ) t i v‘ s . I ° '
. . . - .~ . .~ I . ' e
. l o e
3 1 . . - .
- . I - . . C m 1 .r ,. ‘ .
. -. ‘ _
. _ a ,s ‘
_.. -- mm-fi -. .- -.. a..- - up” - co-l ..- .ou-e.‘be«. u p- .. .-.- _...- ..-.—.a. . - . p v >~ . , . . < --
' ' . . : ~ ‘ . .' (- ‘ ' .
'. .s - . . ' . ‘ .
. : . . ~ ; ~ , . .. ,. .- . . .. a . . .
, . .
9 5 . I . . ‘ - - n
. I ~ 1 ‘ . ' J . I
i ‘ ' i '
I . . J _ . .' . ' I
' i ! e .u .s‘ ' . 'I l I "
‘ . . . , . .
. .
. '. ' i ‘ i . a . .
' _ . 4 u l . s. e ' .
. v ~ . - . -
I . . . s ..
' e a ‘..--e-. - -c—...-«--- . .--. ‘0’. a. .-.. -. - ., ...- ‘ q . w - ..~ . . .. . _ _.. . - i . .
‘ . l -' a
I l . y . ' . I a
I ' ‘ - . . e I . . . ' I - «
' . ‘ : I " ‘ ' ' ' . - ‘ . .
l I ' ' * .‘. ..A . r
I f . \ I . - -
I ' m , . . ' ‘ .4
‘< - ~ -‘ 7 m - .. 4 9- u‘ —-o no .-- e ..‘. _..o‘ v -e- '- . o 6 - 'J~~ -..- — - - o - . ‘— . . w e .9 . . e . . - .- - o
s , , , .
. , I . .. ,
' ‘ - ‘ a a . ..4. g . v A .- .
... . ,o-~e..- -. .. .- -.- .vu.«..‘ ...-....‘Ie..- ...’-‘1 f ”4.» 2o. - - --- ~ -“ ‘ - ' - ' ‘ ‘ “V
. O
. — n . _ , .
. . , . . . . .s - A s ’ -... - > -
a e ‘m-- ,. ..'—v awn-..'... .- ... -. D--— s 3-.“ v-‘.. o» § .. .-- _..v .- .. -.. ~ ,_~ . . ~- - - .
. n . l , .
‘ s ' ‘V ; » '
. . . , . .. <
..-~--£. . ‘9... 4-. as. ~ ..eve .- . ‘ ...--... - a — . - v . -“ ' ' .‘ ‘ ‘
. I ‘ I . I ~ ‘ W . V
. v - 4.. . co.- - ~..~-...» - -o- - 'c. -.— . ... I ....- - Q -... -_ —. .. . . ._,. . ... . . - . p . .- ‘- - on , . - ~
. .
v \ _ - - _ .
' . . . a a ‘. ~~ _
,, ~‘, «...‘m ,- e i - -..-1-.. on. -- or..- “""V no‘ I . ”no.4.-. --. o — . o O - e - s 5-! - ‘ ‘ > - ‘ - ' ‘ ' " ‘ .
I . V
. . O . ... _. -. ' f . . ‘ , . ‘
. , . . . ‘ , . .
i ‘ . ’ ‘ g ' ' « u - - ‘ I p , . . ‘ - . ~ I: i
v . ‘ r. . .. . ,
I ’ ‘ . A. ‘ . - J
. . a
‘ ...-.... .-.-... .... ”....-.m. We’m-I-Ao‘l..-‘*-— .. . ...-u -— ... ~e. — Q. ~ -- - - - . ~- -' ' - - - J- '
e ' ‘ .
. - a ' f ,. . . -. ~
0 ‘ a ' \ ~
- -_ - - .7 . . - -.. . - .. ._
‘ . ~ 4-04-. .‘ a.-. 3. .... ‘ -.- -‘ J..- Y -.‘), Aug. ...- . .-.‘ -- . - . » ~ —- ‘ -‘- '- "
. , ., . . , . . . .
- ' v. .. ~ A . - . , . .
’ l I .l - t ' ' . I. ' I _ *
- " - I e. ‘e --. --—- o.v~vg,~----~ob‘.-—.Q 4—0». I ~....- ’ ..‘ - c. .- -. - - -— - -..—u .u . . - ... . , . ~ .. . ‘ - , . - -
’ 0 ~ Is 4 .
1 O ' I I - ‘ I
. ’ . I! ~ . . 1
Q u
e .
a . ’ 'b ‘ 3 .- ..‘ ' ' . ‘. .. . . > v
. . ' . . _ . .
, 4 ' .‘ ‘ - - - , ..
s-- . er...- ~. .— -.. «u “-s .. ...—...'... v..- ...‘ ac.- ---—- ‘ - .. '- v - ...- . -—. _ . . .- .. - ~ . - .4 -
I h ' a ,
m , . . - .
‘ ‘- ‘ . I I l ' | ' . ‘
....--.-....._.....-|-_..--.l -..‘... .... . , . r .-_ ....-- ., . . an. -
I .‘ ' ‘
' (‘ - , * . 1
I . —- '
- . .--a-——-- -..- Q - .6 .... 4.. . . —. -$—_ . a .- ~ a _ . a II- . . n - - m ...- ~
4 ‘ _ ‘ 0 ' P I I
m u . L
’ - e - . 0 -.- u .. . ...‘ -- - - .. - .... . u- -- _.. .- ..n. i , .- ..ovu. , ..- -. , - .4 - - .- . _ ‘ . . - . - 7
. -. . - ._ ...... .. . .. ~ I . .. . n o- - ‘ '
' ’ _ . , , -. , . -
. * . ,
‘- 3 ' ' . , I - ‘ .
. .
' ~ ‘ ’ - I I

(5)
PART II

reacrIcssIégy OPINIONS REGARDING HEALTH SERVICES

 

Schedule No.

Now there are all kinds of doctors Just like there are all kinds of other 1-3
people. Sale people like what one doctor does. 0thers like what another doctor
does. Su pose you think about the exteriences you have had nith different doctors.
Just thi of one or two you Lave like? R553 - we are not interested in their
names - and tell us what you especially i179d about them.

A
8

Do you have any other comments?
c - 6

A

 

I

 

 

Now think of one or two you didn't like so well. What didn't you like about them?

A 7—wa—
8”

 

 

 

 

 

8
Anything else? .
c w 9
A. You Just nentioned when we were talking about the doctors you liked that one
thing you thought was important was that 'A; .
Do you feel that that is pretty typieal ol‘ 6"octo"r‘5 Tn"—ge'fie"raT‘Fi", W—o
l-Typical ( ) 2-Not typical ( ) B-Uncertain ( ) 10
3. Well, how about your statement that (B) ' .
Is it typical? .
l-Typioal ( ) Z-Not typical ( ) J-Uncertain ( ) 11 .
c. You also said that [Cl . Do you feel that that's
typical? Ir .
loTypical ( ) Z-Not typical ( ) B-Uncertain ( l 12

A. I think that covers the things you said you liked about the one or two doc-
tors you liked best. Now here are one or two things you mentioned about
doctors you didn't care as much for. You said 15) ..I
(Mention only items which are not clearl the opp6EIEE'ET'EEEEE'EEEEE'TE"
Questions u, 5. and 6.)’ Do yofi'Teel the that is pretty typical of doctors
in general. or not? - '

 

l-Typical ( ) Z-Not typical ( ) J-Uncertain ( )I 13
B. How about your statement that (B! . Do you feel that thattis
typical of doctors in general. or not?
lofypical ( ) z-not typical ( ) 3-Uncertain ( ) 1n
C. You also said that . Is that typical?
l-Typical ( - al ( ) B-Uncertain ( ) 15

Dghyou have any other feeling about doctors in general, either one way or the
0 er.

I

I

On the whole, have you been satisfied with the help you have received from doc.

tors, or not?
l-Satisfied ( ) 2-Not satisfied ( ) 3-Uncertain (. ) u-sad no help( i 18

(If "2"" to 18) What sort of things aren't you satisfied with? 1 l9

 

1

—.—v—+ 7*

So far as you know are your friends and relatives satisfied with the help they have
received from doctors or have you heard them make complaints?
l-Satisried ( ) Z-Made complaints ( ) 3-Uncertain ( ) ' 20

(If "made complaints") What sort of things have you heard them say? 21

M a .

"ow many different doctors have you consulted in the lret five
years? 22
how many different anecialiets have you consulted in the last

..'.."

L » L a -' .~.. ., , . . . o . . ~ -, .. >. m , " 1 . ,.
EC J 1 (fhfl Lao LcLLors m4 your fp.2;1;) n1.,,3 “Thu <2;n L2 4
o . q , . . 4 : , " "f 4 I\‘ I ‘- ..‘ - .."I 4‘ v J» ‘ ' j _ J ‘ ‘
u 1?T.:"n nfiL2 a pm gnu no? cd it, c; h:.u 32: my” oyswi-o L, r.
.‘ L - J, , t _ . _.
1".) b tlg,‘ .1: 4‘ (-3.. (.\"C It» Up ‘ 8 L10 1 .1 f

l-Alu;V' got one ( ) B-de tr ubla ( } 5- J co2trin { )
4-Il«vcn't tri e

g chec"ea on 24) when was the list time this hafjeLfio? 251“”.
- r 2-i‘.i=;nt11

 

 

Would you mind telling mo about it? 261““
(rrgte for: A. duo needed a doctor?

B. “by couldn't a doctor come? _ 2?

 

C. dhat did you do about it? _ 28

 

D. flhat were the results? _“ _ - 29
In your cxoerienco do you thin“ that we hove on ugh doctors or do
we need more general fi.D.'s or more eoecJHTI 333; or both

 

 

lmfisve enough ( ) B-Gonercl I.D.'S ( ) b~fiwooialists ( ) ED ,
4nBoth ( ) 5- Uncertn5.n ( ) G-Uood more good doctors ( )
(If 2 or 3) u y do you fool tha tway? _J__ k_ ELM
/
\
f ‘ ““ ‘ ‘ ‘-’
If more noodcd in LO) "0 vou feel t1n:t this orablom is So saxlcm s“
(
that something on :h*5 to be d no coon it? \J»
2-

Yes ( ) 2-10 ( ) 5»Unoorbain ( ) 03

If some community (town) Hoodoo more doctors do you hsve rny idea
how 5t coul d get them? “BMWM”
' Don’t know ( )

 

*— ‘ AM “fin—1.“.IOW '3. ..’-"www-

sze you (or any members of your £52311?) BUG? gone to a: ‘23 0 3th

or 0 her doot 0 rwho was not an-E.D.‘. C5fi_
1”Y93: self only ( 3 2“Y93s other HCYJO“? { ) ‘ o2LI ago \3’-?“ { ‘
é~mo ( ) S—Unc ortain ( )
(If yrs" to question 55) 338 he an ost033rtn, ¢hiromfinc3393 or &i

other Find 1! doctor? -w~
1‘O°te°73 th ( ) B-Chirooraotor ( )
3-Otler (soecifJ)

When was the last 3116 you (or some membor of the f mi y} wont to him?
I-Jit Ln the lost your ( ) -‘—Eofore the 1333 yepl“ ( ) 35
3-Uncertain ( ) . mm“

what kind of trouble did you (or members of your family) have the
last time you went to him?

r!
L .

mm D.- 'r‘m‘i‘*n“ A“ d. 1 x .‘ 2-“ Whit-...‘.- U‘l' l“*a~—.‘v:1.lnl~*1~rv~ VGA-ll no

(1‘:

m. rd~ _‘A. m

 

 

‘V
+ M
_l‘> '

... -4 ..w.

[r <1 ‘ (" ~ -. , ‘
. (_ 4 _I,‘ ‘ f 1 ‘ .

. . , ' "" ‘ - V

4 ..A. I . J Li...“ '4 , ...\_ _ .

Q- -‘ “a -.Iv*.-- -- gum-o». ’- _..- 4 5 :—

 

 

 

 

 

I . ..‘“ .‘. —_ J‘ . .. i .‘ .' r .. ‘ q r. 4 ., . ‘ (1 w ..‘ ~ , g‘ o; .. I ‘ \ 4
. ‘ 4 , ! ‘- - ‘ ’. _ ‘4 , _,.; :‘ .,' ~ . w . .. . 4 4 _ ‘ , .-’ f J
z « ‘w .I a. . ' j. ' L; t 1' : L34; ‘ J. &« .‘I F‘, ‘ ..‘ ' I L‘ =.- ..'. (111.5.) cabO'i '. LI 1M4 5 .'. \ L '. .1 4-- e4 4 .-| '_ .'
‘ 4 g _ [a _ ' ‘ ‘ y ‘c v ' '> ’ ‘ '0 .1
I. 5 ‘. 2’.-"~~ v» ‘ '1" r c \ . 1: \.-- I} l 7 r. ,N- 1 . i'x‘v - -. --. - » . in - -n ~_ :2
,- > y [-4 .'-. n- ' A 13‘." . . r (41:. (.I H54... 1.4- \J m 3 .1 n a V} I r .I. ' . L! .s, ‘ .I . J .1 v-f . u. . . . . '4
I 1’ It ' 5'5!"
, . 1 4 ' _ c ‘ ‘
. .h v '. i ".' _w ' - "‘ v" ‘I. .~ - ) I
.' ‘41 f 1 My ..‘; |,_ .1 ‘ t '. -! ‘ ' I . ..'
\ Jr _\ _ " ' _ ' I I r‘ '1 V' W I “ .‘v -- - P‘ . f
b '- '. '4 \‘4 ‘» ‘ (f- ‘ ' ' " \ ' ‘ .' I ‘. 1C" ” .1“ ‘ '3 'h "' - 7“ \ ..' '1'. -. " ' “:4 3 u ‘ ‘ . " l‘ '1 A- _ -' 4‘ . ‘
-1. ' i ' ‘ I 5:. k. .u j; I ’1 i, a - ..’. ‘H .3; w . ( ' u" \ I 1" :.tl . . I -I a l 1‘ b} ’ ~.: a" l- \ j I ,- 's/ 4 .. p“. l 3 4 “ '-.J _ _ ' .4 _-‘ 'I f:
A ,. 4-
4' l 1' v ‘ *
. , . . . as g I 1 '1 .. .-, . u
. L- ’\ 7 . ' 1 ' ‘Y " c‘ ' la :31”. -r t- h t ". f: . r' t . t '3 ‘. r- »e- '\ ." " f ~n‘~_ ‘ "1 1 » *- r n! W.
'4' n ~...I «_ ,' k , .. “a L :3 VJ; ‘...2 . 0 "-;. 0 1-49 310 u )1 nus. . r‘ ‘ .12 1.44. .I' » u}. 4 f. f. 4 j .4 L
- 4.....‘0 Ito-r.— ‘4‘! —.—o —-- ..n‘ _....- v‘ ...—...- ...'—u~ -~-“-»a._“ *I.-M.vr~- -u-'».~-—\m._o-v4 u. - g-.~.s_v an- -.-. , . . ‘c-nuv -—4 . u . . . ...-v!
‘ N ‘ _ fl ' O n ‘ . ‘ . a . : l“
\ 1 ~.‘ tr .1‘ ¥ , ,p L _ 1 ._ . m '9“ a‘\ ‘- ‘- ~‘ \ (g - - ..‘ -. .— -‘ , -.-. a ~. 4. u‘ 4.. ’f I . r. ‘ I . - , . A
. [1 uh .. kn} "Hal. dz. : ...Ltw.’ ; 'u an", 1. (8.3011 0 }.'.’&.).L:.1:.. z“; and 9.x);- 4-“- .4 .4 z A 4
4 4 , ,
' , . . .
I ‘ f "\ ' rv .. 9 1’ ‘
. \*'-~I-.- '\ l f 3 \n . ‘s - j 4' 1- '~ - r . v -. - x ’.r‘..
A , y )1 ’ | » nu- ‘ . I ‘ ~ .- l x 4 k I . .
4 .Vlsur- '. _\ ‘ LJ I LVC .LQE/ ,1. .l .‘ o.‘LJ'§rlle _ ‘1 ._',. I‘L‘, {.4 ,L’..; L3,:b‘ ',~ ’1. n ._v.‘
c- ] ~ .
.: Frs '\ "3' '
’31 n t 01“.. , 4 ‘ }
I A 5'. Q _
r 5/ ft. ,. Q 4.1 f- , pt: .1 'l’ \ OM , J A ~ - ¢. “ ‘- ... , .. ,
V . ,4 . . . ’ I. - 1 \ . .I . . _ - . ‘. ~
\ rt «1- J w h .‘L‘ 11" s.. .‘ (l L). -r I .1 0 ‘3 In. 0?.) -‘J. 3’. Ll 4.1.1-."‘4 '. n- .1- I. .4 1‘; 1. {J A» " .
f '1
“ ' . 1 I I w - . a
un-a , .- 1' v.21, -," . .‘1‘flt . ' ‘ ’3- 1'. 4'3 ' .~ H ‘ t '. r1 5 ‘ L r‘ I \r fi‘ ‘ fig; I". ‘ 4 “
a. 15221.1 A'. 492‘. .-' C ... ..’ . 4’ ()1; x1142. .LL. ID '1.) _.J {tr .1. U 1c. !.)tJ.'L.'v‘-J " .
. o. “o‘l-hi ..‘—..-'.“ mu“.- ,n‘- --._» 4.- 4 . . —-- v
7“"; ‘ J“ t‘ “ f", R! a“ “‘1 ,v ’1 ) n 1“ ‘3 n ‘ ["215 "' O i 1 r L"! 'i 'I" l‘ l 1". § '1 u — '3 v‘v 5: 3 ~ m: . , . , 4 . .,
.L'W ' ~ u‘ L; "- gal-.. ’- - u; .. -K/ .J(\ M] C Iv D I 1.; )5” ..L 1-‘ :1 4 ...'.v 2"; -‘V . a.‘;, f :5. 1:"; ",- 4 f
--.- 4 4 4
.p 1 5 _ _ g '\ ‘7' \ 'PT J. ’ , \
.“r\‘ r 1.." .3" ,» g. ‘I " ‘I 1 |'- .
7 .4 .' , .4. . ' :..- ‘ *"i ILL-GL1! .-'..L--'l 1 r a
. ...r
., _ w 1 w ‘ v - '- "‘ . . ' . 4 . ‘ .
. _r ar-q- If I" u"! v.1" . ”‘7"15 ‘ fl 4 l r‘ ..t .t “.13 “1,94 “1‘”! .4 1“ y “ ._.;,' {, 4' ..‘ .2 ... . _4 ,\ . a. 4, 4w _
.4 3.1 ’ - - .3 r: :.JL -. ‘ 1'» ‘..J Ci ‘1 " J 1‘- .L 5‘1 E 1:). C (3“). .l 13/ T: .x"\ 4-. (.1 - J. r 1.4.. -."-.. k 14)-}. .. * .-_ ..‘.4 I.. 4. .’ ~. . — at. ,J
u .
. . ‘ >, \
.t . -]-‘ i " 3.] g’. 1 l‘ («..‘ ~33... _ .- u} ‘ (:1 pr P‘w ’ (..‘ 'uT’) l i 0": “’4‘?“ ’23 .n ‘,|.‘n}.." ‘._(. o‘r’ {y g. . ‘ .i- 3*. 'w ,1 .1 -. 7 ~ 2‘ I 1". l '> ,v.
w JJ..- ’.'1.-.\ LL ‘ . Jr‘A.‘ - a ‘ 1 K .L k. LLLLI ..‘L 134'. Ml; _ .4. ‘Ju. - .4.-~J 4.. :14 .9." . ‘ 7 “ ““"
s.
9 -;
., . n-A ‘ f‘ 4., a
..‘;1 £-.L 4;\)8 ’.-' ”QE'N'
. . ‘4'}
. ‘y‘ul‘
-IA—a‘1-m ‘1‘“: ...'V “..'”, u~~Dl9—...n p.»— -~’-.w ..D\t ...-_.. 4"—Mh_bm. ..’: «vb-5.1 -w_.u.u..-.-v.—Ms—. ...-.-‘...autolu-ufi “v— m'— —Na ~r;-ra- 1* 14w... 1).: 1.- '35-. MOM-v tb “a... «..‘-Davey“ u"v~<~—P
-: 4 - .- t. .-‘..n- .... . n—fiu' Q—M- ‘14-" ...n. v. I4. 4 .. ... 1. tun... ...‘!- mb-J. *t‘n“.-. “...;- 4'-4~4. ..‘-“ghn‘A-a- mg. .. -1. «ID-'1'"- ... . ..‘-a- “...‘- -. "..': M iv‘ul ‘9'. .tv ‘1‘": ‘H'hb’t-A'v-c.‘ 4 « _§
'- *r' Y ..':4 ',"-4 1 P.“ "i r} 2- w}: 1‘ I: ‘t «A b U i -* 'r‘r'. -'. r) m :t C' 7‘1? , v]: 11'] ,I" '.~ ‘ x 2. w r" I“. 15"]- r z‘: t-
‘J ' .x .. 4L (J ... .1 1*r L‘ \.-7 \4 t! \l "— .K (A ‘J I L'..'.‘. (_../‘4 u 9.x. \, . ./ .4‘ -',J ,7 'I.‘. ,- '. ..~. ..a ...
r _- it; h‘ r‘ “, 3. fl. Q'. 0 h “.r" .-\" 4: (-1 n (4‘ 12’“ :f - .. Y . '1‘ {‘1 2 F I... 5 h/
I . t .‘ '\~ .. ¢ 3w- ’«.- Ii. 4 . '4. j J- v‘. \r 4 ‘v' I; ~J ‘- [yr] {" 3..) K4 D .L E 3;}. C .' '2'
I r- --. A"
u.- ..U“‘nl--‘l-"~)-¢“~—" Q'» u“m‘p¢~=-x*~.4tMJ¢- I ma 1...:
. . -. v..|. 4‘ ad La. 4.4;. u .-nvasr . n ... L it‘d); M .2 4 ~- . «A .u. - -‘ ——# ‘- -n- far-cran- .-‘. manner v ~-Im.-Aa- «..’-...;uLLfia-n'ak. an. 4‘O-~.I‘-'l~ 4-5!-.. I‘. . ... ...-a
l . 'I' \. 1", TN . 1 1 r- -. 1'- .A; \ 1 ._1 v~s {g- u.— f; - :1
' - ' ' ."r 7 . . . ' . ‘ ‘ " - \
1‘. ‘vfi ...}..nw L ‘ '..s MAI -_/'_..s. , ._; 1-.—.al‘ \J .h‘JLJL.‘
0
3 w. , - 1 . ~ 2 r '\ 9 J - H" ‘ “‘ I
-.l 3‘ V" ' 1',» ' " ‘- = ’1 } ‘ ' f..." I I ' ‘9" I P 'E' ‘U '1" ' \."'3 ’51 “I '- "j” C“ "‘ ' ., r ‘ I " ’— " '4 "‘ " K" " , '- -“ ('4'; I‘ 'I 'i l.’
A X ‘ - 'c L)... 43‘ - 4.. 1' ’ .‘ a? Q‘ A ’ J L; " L I. ‘§ZI.‘.J k- k; L _" ‘31.; n:._ k)‘ ilk-1.9 L' '4 "u ...! é .. " K at. [‘12: ‘. a. U 1,.) L
:I, , ' '.' " ‘. . " l-‘Iv n 2 ;‘ -X“ f . 5.1.1 /V' '1 '_ l". 1 I“ V "t; 1' -' 3'! ‘I ‘y ‘0’ r.) i I". 1‘ O w 9" .Z‘, 13 Y . ‘ fi .' " (f1 "'1, ‘1 I". ’ ‘ T A ‘I U "(..' f f‘. "f, "’ 1 " f
‘ ' C 1-. L4 -. ‘l .- .1 , _. ~l.- ‘ L ..g “-‘ A; \ ‘ _ .‘ .K,‘ J .u .-\.4' b ’4'.L4‘.\4‘ 4,12,; ‘.l I Lu \_. .'. 'J K'. .' L.‘ L. - .. g,‘ Vi 2. .1. "3
x.
4 y g . .- , 1 ‘ _ ..‘
in p_- _ i .1 ~ ‘ in - , .~-g \- ‘-. m 3' . p; - ,— 1' - _. .u -,-- , ’5' e
m‘ Rum- \LLL.’ 3.33.," i. H, I. ‘4‘ 1.2'.)_.:‘L. t-"‘f '. '13) .i {I}; 6
....
,«v ". ’"r 1 'a 1 : '-
'~. 4‘. .3 . \- ‘r‘ 'fi,‘,‘ f" . II. ‘4‘ .
1‘ : .L f _ K,‘ . ‘ , ..', fl 3 I . ' ‘. 1‘} . .
v « L ~- —=-— ., “..‘ ~.--- my. —. -..‘..mm- --u ......» —.-~ _.- @N-flp— a. ‘o—lrf' a- u s Huul. — u...,._—... 1-...1. n. u I. .- p‘ . -w a an. . me -~n. .- .4 I. .IV an no ...»¢¥4_- 2; .... ~- -- . v - v-ni
I
5
a I '. l g
u
’1 4 1, t .
' r -: ~, ~" 4w i < ‘ ‘. ’ 4!
-. 0a; :1 ’f’flt v - ’ " ‘ ’ "
k 4*» h '4 ..r . .- ‘w-l- «44- _ _5- M..- - 4 ». ~'~v .m-o—awaama .-A. M~~r~~y9~h~l“ a»... «Iv-..‘ a- .... vnMWMI~ - >M ‘“~~m~»~l\v«\. . .. . 0““.gv. una- _..“... -.v- - v mum-y. nt:. 4. u“; 4.. an .. a“ . v o " unuu‘ -
: .. , 3 .4;.
§ '1
i R ‘ x g
:4 ‘ n. '
2 7. -'~ ’3! ‘ "~ "~ 7." tr '1'“ :7 m ‘t- 3‘ '1 x 7. ' 9 .4
~ ' ‘.-‘ .', ‘ I: ' \J "V'_4|,,‘_' I L“ .4 .. ‘ I ‘_ . .a 1* r >‘
'r ‘I'mk' -A ‘o- .4 u . .- -.-‘l“.r .54 I. ...p- . . Q'- g...» . 4 - m - 100...“. .‘5 -*-a .w..‘.h‘;_.t-'.—_ 4‘4 - .—-~u‘—u.-.4MI‘u-I. «‘1 _....s'.‘n- A,*-a‘ 1-— Jan-”Hm ‘41. 2—' ‘ an: ~..A\_L.n.' u'..l-‘ ; \- «t v .‘n—xn. a — a I (I (4- ..’ uh»? I)
. ,- - r ‘ ‘
. v -‘ f V ,4
..‘ é .: I i '
,V ‘ . ‘
:L'; 1 , ”‘1 but .3 ,4 . 1, ,.,.,, m 3 r v i .4
1 ~ * ‘ ‘ - . . ‘
" ‘ ’ 'w' i . ~- I ~' 3 ..- " - C—u-‘L .' 3 l r ..
‘L " 4. an; ‘4' ~ .» :1 .414 .--0 4w. . r- ,w —. ..' .— H< .~ uc_q- - \nsuhv - -~¢-n.‘.I . new-_._..nuhaqxr .munu-avuufi' ‘ ¢n - ‘ ' 4.14. ”no. fistlxs , . awn-o 1: * .. J." o...“ . ,a. n -‘ =_ ‘U
‘ '. ’. r. A
? 2 .‘ f 1
{pm ‘ih'r '{ tf'I“ .. ”if-((7 :1 l 1 ;: V-l
I J ki \'- ,. ' ~: ~ I f ‘
‘4-‘ u «U -- O. . Ah‘Ns. -- <c¢ -~ »u{)44 Am 4'031‘ ‘J—oA -4-~J"- -U -|I0O‘~u—-. . td«~I-&-.-— Cfl~nllgfl Lulu-“u.“ ~M-‘I; (haul Ha-». 'I. 44 4 .. A. ;. a w ~ r... ..‘ - no‘ I ... I. 4‘~ I" 4" L 4" . unlo‘N ‘ ua- A n' .V:-)(' _
‘ t ,
1 ? :. 4 .
.. v '\ I,
R. “44.1. n, - i ‘1 ‘. 4
r. 14;».- : =" r 1117:» , 2 - r -r‘
,. . 4 ., . . . a - .. 1‘ k . .'
i ‘u-L In US” 1". ‘-1-.:.= fi.‘ ”.4; u “tn-.19.“: - -..’“... ;>n.-a--~ 4‘ ~.\—.u-—~..Aa--~I—«CM'*M-MD‘W0‘ ‘ML'LQ-I‘Mhm uIM’D‘l—U,r 1“— qugw.‘ V-‘M--~« 4.4T: - - IIA «ti-c t ' :,n-.~ , -‘O" n! "-'I'. { K.
... ' i ‘: ..’».u
, .-
l . ’ z‘
y’ " 1 7—: j ‘ J‘ t
'1‘; I", _1 k‘ "a ‘ Y (a (_t '\ t a '. 3‘“ ' 1 - A‘ k") ‘ ~
‘3 ., ..'~ .,_. f-;‘_ ‘L. n_. __; L ,9 .0 _ , I “a J 1 fl '3 1 o g .l 1‘:
i. r%— ‘I sob—“..‘ u... . — c n“ . n.4- ‘14”-ka . gut-... . awn... Mu u. ‘2'»...c... -ua-§ “Mon M 4—.s-Ian;wtht'I-»:m-H-Ilwdanx~—uoa-an Maw- \' ..- A ..- ..., ~‘_‘ .. "l‘~'ll —‘II-Ilv C;
J ' ‘.
I L .-.'»-.
Av la _. . ‘ '- ' ' “ 1 o 1 ‘ I 8 k’
, .“I‘nlv-‘fi- "‘f‘l, . > (:1 r1 9&1 4-,-.-_ - ; 1" ca ‘1" “(1 a.
gal 2.45;. '11.“... MEG. .xufx. MILL 1!: .L. C‘ I. 9 Mil. -L’¢. . E F 3
I b s d‘ " ' “.. i " T 1 f i i
f '5“... In“ C V 1" . C“ 'W ' \ r: r 1‘: ‘1 «4" ‘v H en ' -
‘1'"; ’.-' e. iv) " ‘-— 5.? I - 1- L) t 0 ‘..J (a. La. ‘ A... 1 -~ ‘L: n,- w .u‘l .‘ E
2: £ f“ [‘2
‘. I
, .J x;
I'm-L. «Edi—«‘1 :.‘M‘ .\ >~nfi4u ....n..-.uw- -.\; dm‘.ru was a J... run... ‘-Iv.l.ll'=~u= . ._ nh’t‘l lic-ti mtg-1". n 03- ..'-um“ Jar-a- . an- \.u.. -u- 7.... ~r- -.- .. . august—o... A \~ . almjom. m; “Ii , , 4
i i , 3 .-_ . . .. (4‘ ...‘ . ..‘ ‘ . . I n
. , to wing r\ C! 139‘?" l
.’ .J .' 1 -5 9 )IL ._'...;. .a. ... ‘J'Ki L, hi . ,. y x. Sub... ...‘. . 3 j \
he I ‘2‘
\
E .3" .1, :3 ‘v‘IlLr‘r‘ Iv n h‘ . ‘tJ‘ 1743p to}: 2.1545 :
V ...I b: (”.4 ‘4‘- 'J I". 2-5.4. 13 G $4 .'- (4 XE, L ~ a.‘ i... 2.1 B.) ,3
5 n I . . ‘ ‘ » .4
' . w. ‘ ,,;-1 -- 1 g ("I ~xr: ,1 r} . x \ -~-.~ ~§ r. 4 D r .
;_, . J 5.. .3 J 5 .151 ’4 'J . .3» ‘. .4. no ‘ ' ' ' - 7
~4 "In“ . 4 . _. .'_l— .. *u“... .‘ .. ? «~08 ~ nun. -..-r, wu va- a. ‘Ifih-~Q~IO' yak-um ..- .‘.“ ~mwunm-~;-.\L2M‘-~4- ,- .; ”.1 a cu m > —— ~- :a-GA'— ‘ O TA“

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

...-~‘w-w - ' rm”

11w I :it.:! Li; C erumgutxzd 11:? ‘i3er:= Jaixxgl 1,“ i
'1'151 1 1:: c to ask you what yousnont for 2': .2 3 -‘ 21:1
31x gakphs just bafore the last six months?
Self ifibéfi” T15 1
LL H“ A‘- f, .-‘“ “‘“"""’ ”"‘ “”0 “"“" 'N' “‘ "
EJnctor cant i g 9 3:9
"_._. - _.. - ' ‘ __ _ .. ' '\'(J
I 1 -~--—<l -— -~--——- - «~~~ -»-~-~ 1 3.-
'c l
E -- .\ ..' . ..‘ ' 2
{$1711.11 1.111108 8 mm C U 5. t8 1 g 7 2 .1 :9
- -__- 1 r g... 1&1. -..1..--.....1m.--m .... ~- 1...-
‘ !
k S >
gulasses svd Ohtical care 3 3 faa
f - - 1“. 3...... *-W_-.--..M,1.?.,. ....-.“m... ,1 '1 ~ ‘4‘
. i
E en?;a1 care ‘ 2 1 {gm
- _- A - ...- .,:..1....,....-1._._..-..--..g "J1 _ .-.
‘ - :2 s
exaspitnl care 3 33¢
- h . 1 ”" ”um-«m;
”war fling care E ‘ _ f -...m1557
: ‘g i f .- '
ih3a1cn and hosnital insurance [ i g £53
1 _-_-...‘; —- “A 1. ,. —— a-..“ —i -.. ~ a w“ --uu-m-J -- run.
3 . t :
Drugs ano. mziical supoli es, whicll were:! 1 : g
‘ i
A; ljzescr110d oy a nhvsicinn S ; ;39
L‘“; - .1. _._ .4! 1... “11.1...-“ 1...“. 7,- --.rm. ..‘... ..-.1. .. .... .i‘ " '
‘ 1
0 P
u- u ‘ n I
r B. Lot wreacwibed by a whysiciam, sugf g g g
as VitSWJDC, laxatives, tunics, 1 g g {
.. , t
1in1ments and asnirin g E g 560
¢ . .....- ..‘“ g — (".-.-_._. n . ....-- “.-- _.- _..-...! ~ kn..~.-:n1
1 1:11. I '51 like to s: :33: (31:: c;- qlm. , Estiorrls about 23:11:11.: 1" : 5:. 1* , 2:1
: fi'vi<€s. Do you or any memgers Jf your familv 01:13 isuvrz*ca
no 933 £02 all or wart of:
A.110301tal b111.3 . «Ye ( ) ' Us ( ) 5~Umco'111n( ) 51
B. Fe for surw"“y? l-Yas ( ) Buflo ( ) 5~31 31:3 ) 59
: - V ,. j , , ‘ 7 .—~ I ~ . g
C; Dccbors' fees onhc‘ tnan surgery? l—Yca ' ) £~Du 1 ) La
3 {h1cer5ain ( ) '“‘"
(lf"./ea" to £1, *2, 63) thigh 'r*““vq ara COFC1E§?
A. Hcazvih a1: 1m 11 rcrb1: ( ) Qulaaa wriv ( )
"V- .. . \ ,~ -
r5»()t 31" ( 3;) £100.11} ) _. ....u.~-......-. ......»— t- '1" ')L5 .{ 2‘? f; 1.5:. ( .‘ [j ‘2;
B. Surgery: 11311 mcnhers fwTe a ow Y { 3
35.. 0 1311.7; 3f- ( 51-) 3 C :3: {if )1... ‘ - 4*“. 11-.....“ If; 1.- ”L .-’ 1;. 'v ; .. . _‘_: { I ‘1'} '1:
C. D ctor’s £353: 1~Al1 memb*ra Qwfi" 6 3"? 5 \
Smitrer (smacify)~nhw~_fimmflwmuwfl 5"UfiCw-: -u i ‘ 56
what is the nrme of the 1L““P“WC9 c nh9”;”
imblueflroas 0r £130 bill; 1d ( ) 2~Frctermal { 3
.- . ,r "V‘
6~=*UnC€=I'ta..n ( ) 4mm» ( SHGC 11°31) --, ’- 1
Have you or any qembers of your isnily :vuv C,Irifu hoswifigl £3 ‘11~ca
“HG dTOWDSd it? 1“Y€8, Self ( ) 2 Ease Ct36? nambcgs { 3 ‘4’1
o-bclf and Others ( ) 4-No ( 2 5—6:: extain ( )
(If "y05") Why?

. .V , .-x ' Y". - . .. ., ..-. . 3 ._ ~. _ .
0&1 ;“ ' —J l * . I :1 [‘11s J;‘ .1 'lo-‘a 1"- ‘1 :‘J 'l.\~‘;1«-J'- .‘n ""~-‘ tr": :1 -,.-.} L-“n. “— v .
- ' I!" “ '-” ‘ "r '1 ‘. ox ‘\ p ..' p a.“
3.0:: mu) 0 1.1.1.8 :17. a: a gt» 01.1 113.0 P. 5 "3 I1" , u .
.. , ‘5 .‘ ‘ I “..' " a .1- , r; VV'."- '3 ."‘.":"i 1" ', 3 "If ( 3‘ 'K Y ‘
l-A gooo ivea ( ) 2-101 a good idea ( ) o~u1111,111 , 1”,

Do you favor some kind of a government soonsorod plan to may for
health services?
1»Yaa ( ) 2~Uo ( ) S—Uncertain (

v
I.)
S
(f)
O
gt 4.
E:
('1
Lu
L"
C)
1.. L:
3
NJ
L

C01. LNITY AN IJUBLTC ESEIKE'II

 

now I would like to ask you a question about Fublic Hotlt} Serviwo.
Hav~ you or n143 members of your fnmily been personally examine . ‘
avised by a oublio health nurse or officer within the was t year;
l-Yos, self only ( ) B-Yes, other members { ) 3» Yes, 53 “
others ( ) 4~No ( ) 5uUnoortain ( ) 71

d you. 33 that you are aonuainted with the work of the d1strict
: tn‘ dew:rtment?
lees ( ) S—No ( ) S-Uncertain ( ) 4~Somovhgt ( ) "a

Do you know if its services are available to peonlo in this
(3 01312111131. ty? 4 ‘ (3-.....
l-Yes ( ) Bavot available ( ) SuD >r t kno u? i ) émUEQLICSJE\ }

f "388") 11gb sort of services hrvo they orovided in the what
1r? 5%

{firs
‘J P4

'19 pooale are not sure .1hathc: the services of 'he district hoslflh
w1b rre available only to those not able to on3 for such

31 vice els uh9r3., or are ava ilsLblo to all 103:2d0nte of the 75
3. What is your unallcu nding cf the muttol?

lmThose not able to 1h 3 ( ) Q-All residen cs ( o—Uncertain ( W

In" 70 ‘g—M‘

firvo VCU or any members of your 13milj; con: sultod t1.
lwzalth service ’ m’oblom mi'lxil -

3
C)"
O
51':

v m
....J
Lu.
(D
1.4
C1:
MI
F".
j)
‘u
:3
(J 1 A
U)
(1’
Q.
(I
.1
‘1’

t.‘ ’1'. . . ;- 5 '. ‘ ' "w ’:

leoa ( ) EcNo ( 0-1110 C,rt in ( ) - H;
Eli-Na you or any lilGI‘JbOPS r11": rao .1r fol-.1113 nfbtomit’d *1 m1: sting: or
ost.ng3 in wrzlc‘xl district hea 1th workers he; a ”313 3‘3? on

the >r03ram?
1 Yes ( ) 2~U3 ( ) 77

(If "198"). Kind Of 360tfi18 wfiongy wowvorlvfi va LPS

:hsflw awn-Q. 4-1- am 'h 3‘ Y

 

 

 

 

1.
2.

nc'hu- . IA.

 

- -. ..-, ,. . ‘1 ‘., .l. ._ ‘ . 1 . 3-. H. J! .L .31. "A n ,‘ t, _. ,‘
; C) ”'1' '1) J .I. *3 .3. 11-: 2. t (“-12- C’ '1! 1131.4. L"; 13. .‘...~ 3.2“; 1 1." , , .
1-233 ( ) 2- T0 ( ) B-Umcartain ( ) i
:1: v — 3"(‘1‘0 73) mm; is m w 3 _ .-

 

for

T3 same Olanes 1C‘}o:ent:'t1ves of different ordqrigations have
E :tten L03ethtr in a ckmuittee or council to 63 3103 311u3
i'nroving hoaltlx in the ccmaunity. H5 ve you heard of a;

like that?

l-Yes( 0

b

) )

(If "yes“to 79 ) do you think representativi 3 of H 10 o”3333
in 1zhis comzunity ought to organize some 1nd of‘ a hoo‘t1
COEMiittOB or council?

Ho ( ) b-Uncertain (

H
8::

ations

 

" - - a 1.. “ at”
l-Kes ( ) Z-Ho ( ) 3-Uncertain ( ) 4~Une in community n$»( i” 3.“.
o 9 . . ‘ 4 ‘1 6‘
c.1113 11:31:19 3: of 21,711 03323313 (From 31m atoms 02133 3.1113 18 } “3”” ...-
Part III Comtrol Itcms
5&31‘3 duio i373 l”3ww.-
Code 12: No. lo (QVMQQCBQ pugs)
4
Give rumba? of infsrngnm (€333 333.3w33 p: 1133 18}
. 5
132351011 0 3:333:31 1233: '
:0 you have 3 certain doctor to whom ywu and 1331233 of you?
Is 11y go for most of your 111 3?
"~133 ( ) Ewfioy go to male H133 one ( ) Snflo, hrva n3 d-ctcr ( i
4 -- Una c rt 3.121 ' W
(1f "1" or "2" to 6) Is h3 an K.D. (are thov Man.’3)?

--- ’ , u . i
l‘YC s < ) 21"1101'10 L1 0 U o '3 ( ) 6"JDO Li «1.) ,\ ) 7nuu"
4~Unoertein ( ) b-Otherm3_43_ _ A ___ 1
(If "yes” to 6) In what town is his office located? .¢ n ‘

mum-fl - ...-“Ia “- 5“ J “V .L

(chock code in miles)
) 4~16 to 20 (

How far 13 it to his office?
1-1 to 5 ( “ to 10 ( ) 3-11 to 15 (

"6
21 to 25 ( ) 6* 26 to 30 ( ) V-Uver 50

I l ' v‘ ‘4‘
.- . 5, ‘1
\J 3. 1-1.11.

'r' '-
.1. _.J J J
..l‘. “ u

 

 

 

 

 

1 ‘1’ . n.
...‘ d .- I.) O4 (
( 1‘43 It.“ ,1.

l~C1H

( If

f

l-«E-‘u

‘2', “' L" 'L"

1161? (

) Bnfio {

") Is that 0-0, A. F. cr L,
( ) £~AFI ( } Salado

, ‘ - P.'.' ‘ '.
83317103." I {kw-11:36?

E

'u
try

{in 'Dl-ZI‘Gf‘u ( } “JGz‘swnjge (

) 5-I-i'one { :1

 

n.6rnfiezrt

..'-.5 v n.- r‘\ «6-
1.1;L\\15.‘~\;."('m'$3 .1?

4‘

I ,.J'1.r..-. :3 I '5: 5‘ -

.T“
O- 3

.in i 3

-' "1 ~ - .-.... .mlh. . 3 , 3»~ «.1?»
-- knob _vq;.~ ~.r19111d1owerdxu5 for':scl unIg, fig, 3; -.q
-r. : ‘ , . A: - . ...p . ‘. - ..
.II3 Is :13 1.1.01 CLPuCI‘ku 3nm¢1 fumlly?
. ’V \ ' Ir . I - '1 ‘ -’< - p, L 'Q '. > - 5 .4 ¢ , ...‘ ‘.
l“l-.$3”?2t ( ) athhcr noyson (snoci y r0133l,3 Lb .Iia--,b 1
. - . " . “ ' O
."3 y); (13 he) (is sac) emoloyuCS
-..... ‘ ‘ n ‘5'
1~LCS ( ) L'HO ( )
I -‘ t' at 2‘ ‘ kirdxv ~rw~ f '\ I . Fr ' ‘ " --‘ ’X“ l“ 2'.
11: 3‘ ; u.. y azun't you (isn't she) \1Cn't ma) iHULisyu
Y; 1 " "' "In 1’?
-. _'..! "v- ii o-fi‘. . A _.. _‘ _‘ A _
' \n-‘w . ~ ,5- ...' .- 13"" v q ‘ 413,- "5‘“ ‘ ‘3 u) .... ‘ . .‘
..‘. ,1. Ram 01. 710.414 (2.1.11 3,011 (mid nan) (r... J. 1.1. ‘, I 19.11.11 5, 3-.
1M”T9 avalfiflru? ("flic- $36 vnzs rnprficisu; (= £11 37»: v:"e xva‘lfivg'}
’ ~. '4’ 4...: “MA—o ' u‘p.unu- '
y ”a: hp £33 Tiving)?
' -.' '4 _. ‘1 , . 3 ~ .l .. . 3 ._ ‘ ..--. ~.'-. - {r n
11; “wr~ X .Iat 11mg oi uo.k 00 you ( have 3..C ) CT:
, LI- 1)
I~’~~mm“--M—hO*O-mM-&WM Aw-HHM-uh n.— . “..‘... ...‘.h now-cu x... um run-4 A“ I- hue-Oa- _.. - -rn--“—-I - H- A“! - J
111dxsat3‘y‘ __ _ ‘.‘ _ _ _fl'
{’7"‘ 1 u .. I c (K ' x ‘ 1'
( Hurt next of Plnc¢ Lmrk at? )
I! W.- - ,1 , . h -‘ ' ,1 .‘1 . .l N'
{ 3¢Lt do Lacy 33.3 bf go Lnorc? )
> -, ,\ ~ J O'“ '., . I c '9 . -PV_v : at“. If, x ‘ ' 1" \-" ' -. ~. 'q '1’, (..‘
.13 33c (43 Its foz1ily'sbzcu1w n1. fir) a ”33391 of -LJ Lfllfiui

‘1“ _ - , . 'l ,. ‘ ... .. JT‘ '1 ’ ‘ _... J. ‘1'1.’ ___ _| -
3o yon-rancmcor the ndac CL tne lnsi 333301 juu a flu .31
as. _.-L-.‘m.n-‘.w«.n - —4 .4...»O““.’~-r|'-—,u~.u no: hw-Q— ..’- —~.-d‘—guanu-Ir.—run!a.vu~\o-cv~-O- --d- '9 k u --:- ~ ' -
n 1. . . 1, ,. '1 - - , - , .. ..... - , .1. ,,- . . _C ~. , ‘ s.
‘-.'.«‘ v ‘5" 5‘ t1}: .1. S VIZ-.3 C (II yu‘: I‘ j CJ. (2 1- ..' -1.~.- 2. C, .1 1.- .-113 xix.) 1_; J. (t
'3: ':. ' "_ ' “-1 - ~‘-’ - u '
-L -- 1: 3 mm!) 31121.3 5. ) 0"“ ..'-31.3.; 11$» ah < 1’
g»... L» 'fuve' I 3 gr *1; ‘ [1013 I ) 63-43 5.2.1.3113 1.31.. (i };.’..-'nj'.'-3. ( )
1",: _ f -‘ , - ’ “ow-f. ‘ - ‘ ' ': Q F . I A.‘ ' ' a- ...-l ‘
u~b~f yezrs ”Lamher \ 1 7-:01» n0$a*flh a ,
‘ " 1 ‘ ‘ n—O-nu - A ’ ,_ . ‘ I ' 1; "q-- .
a -uv,1*11.eteo .. .3;.11.C-r' ( ) ‘8»:31: ;:~--<.21...1. ()1 1-1. :30 1‘ )
..' ' -. -’ A r - ~ .8. g ' v. 'v -v- \ . - -" 1'
£1 marrswri fen1a1e herd reg ending) 3L L «ad Lhu l at fifimrfi
-- ‘ - .. .. 1 1 -, . n-
or \t( ~- (.3-1‘ 3 our '11.) SD amu (‘ mlu had 111 SGIJL'J'. 11 ?
.. ' - I 1
1"NO {SJ-{£11001 5.31:3 ( ) 5‘501'120 11;;{1 \(
r.- . A. l .. 1-. . 1 ' 1 ‘ ' -
{"1‘4 39 rs SlalWe-V \ ) o~u0m3.mnefi hlfih ( 3
'2' (' f t- . >0 4 c _' - -... .'
z) "" 0" 7 ye! t 1‘ 8 SI' i..-H.u'.\': 1" ( ) 1" .-.'So‘mr} {; C . 1:“, W 3. < 1'
M‘ l_‘
“ C'OZJJ 8L '3‘ ”I" 'I G ( 3‘ - —. -- . v 4‘ - '3 ~ r; a ‘ -..... "
71 d 81.171 1" J .1 CO 4113.?- .Lt ..‘. CD.1’-,_1-, ‘ .~

9
O
.

. ‘Ru.

‘1
I" a:
b.2-
. {q
.... x
a
o». i
.. n
..1. 1';
....
-1 r,
- I
.1. 1
«M‘

...I I

‘3

I -. .‘ t4..-y
\‘ .32-.. in" J. L 1. mil I. .2. J
‘-.\.I~ * 'T“ ' ' 1' r; ‘

J‘xiv \' {A t! .|.{. N Enu‘cnif‘

- I“ 'r. J-v f‘ r,‘ t
C'. «IV “‘1'. .2 (

U~lbpn 0; city
QvlltC l5 (
6-26 to 80 { )

on a
city

Do you live
UnToun or

miles is it to

the

( ) l-lto b (

) 4-16 to 20 ( )R

7-over 50

farm?
( ) l-Yes ( )

‘ "- . .... .
negzeuu 3J*fl urim”

:‘j r‘ 1., "I 1"1
) .n M.) L-O 39...: (
V“;

 

 

 

(If "yes") [ii rou (the herd) work 10) or 3019 dtys Off has
farm during the p st ye r?
l-Ees ( ) Q-mo ( ) S-Uncertpin ( )
Do you or your fami 1y rent cw own the place wh.flre you 11 JG“
l-Rent ( ) 2-Own ( ) 3~Other (Specif ) A *fl _‘_- A
la uuczu 9 Lg’CUPCLP n your home (place WA we 3 u 1 vc‘?
l~f€<3£s£ 3 23-le0( )
if "36?") 33 it listed either an W503} mama er yaw 31" 3*;

lchs ( )

DO you e:d

1‘183 ( ) 2”“0

"3.T’;B f
WS~CW1'31].§'(

“37.3.6 C(Li '\J. 43-21.;1L10n C‘.

J ( (2?“ “Illf
- o ”IM”J Forces
39:51.3 .1, .~ 11 onlv

~Solf and o heIs

1-3 ( ) £~Hd{

«.9
DJ
09)
AQ4
M!
3.4
~...a CD
6
‘15
‘6‘

er?

mt ¥1ow of+cn do you go to chur'sh
:0: weak 0? oftaner (

) le
) éufiever ( )

0 you consider v

w: mber of your fam11.y)

world a
2*YOS, othe

4~No ( )

during
( )
t )

@1206 where you live?

. ‘-‘ (x
:n‘ r- _.'\ h‘ n '- -‘ 0 .v n;
I). :3 .A; "‘1 J? ‘5 .fr. '30 t) t: 5

4 J '
a mcmth I t

or relig:
:30 3’ i3 :.IJR-) t."

\

ourtel.f?

MMJC. \‘L‘QC— _. — .‘—- —-~.w£muwfi.‘-¢~ ..‘“--I- ‘0’.

sex are 3.2.1 any 03." we
rII ?
r mww»nvv ( )

5~Unc-.'vin \

avg

YT ‘ ~
.Fif:

 

8 Card and tell mt fine £r*tor CnrflLiga .
\p , .$ _ g. . th '3‘. -. q .I..“--."‘“. ...'.....'.n 2,. ‘-‘
4-31-1399 till" JD 3983 to 301.11" tO‘ua-is. .LC‘..I1....L'3 Li 2;.“ .:=:.-.'.-- J =.~ .1. ... ,
f‘

Sonic: 3011. 11;: 0:: at th

e. c
\ .' ‘ ' I ' ‘ ' -' . ' I. - w . ‘ "" q s‘ - _; .. ..3 -. .‘.‘ ‘ r‘
JOE? pezsona¢) Ahcumg this last year? lb LL A.». C; u; arLLf

(0) A- Unden $500 (
(1) B- @500 us to ‘1000

(
(2) c- 1000 up to $1500 (

)
)
)
(3) D» 21500 an to £2000 ( )
(4) 3- ”20cc un to “2500 ( )

)

00 um to ”3000 (

()1

(5) F— "L?

"3300 u?) to QFHJO ( )

A

(4‘

v

C}
3

(7) H; ‘5003 or more ( )

‘54-”
.5 -.
5

1

oval l-A ( ) Q-B ( ) 5~C (

006.0 for ejzztorzfir;iic

.-.'-m ‘ .

Leave blank (COGS f0? pOpulnticn of communi',. gg

ROOM USE ONLY

 

 

 

 

n ‘4‘

Ii ,
v

‘a

 

"'Tfifl‘flflifi/Lfflifilfljfi!flfliltjffli‘ljflifljfiflflmfi'Es