CONFUCTJNG THEORIES IN THE EMPLOYMENT 0F NUSON LABOR AND RESOURCES Thai: {at film Dunc of M. A. MiG-IIGAN STATE COLLEG! James Law-son Britton 1950 0-169 Date This is to certify that the thesis entitled mm present by WW Jmflm WWW am has been accepted towards fulfillment of the requirements for AA— degree in W Mew/4M swell 16150 Major professor \ -__A<,___"_.-- "4,..- M - CGEFLICTIHQ 13203133 13 T33 ERPLCYMEK? 0? FRISDH LABOR AED BFEOUQCEB Br awn Imam Britten A rat-#2513 Submitted to the School of Grant. Studio. of Hichtgan sne- Oollagc of Agriculture and applied Science in partial. alumnus of thy tantrum” to: the “gr“ 0! Mir-I‘m C? A3323. Bopartun of We. 19:50 filmy-Mr I! m I? aka-‘9- I 11 Table of content; History mil Theory of Prison Labor Public Intent... versus Brink Inns-nu Conclusion. fimmndationn State Law: fighting Prison Labor and Prim Product. Rams-c caper Mt. tho Wat-Smart Act PW 14 E33 115 ‘l f‘ t?.:’l 1-5 111 Acknaw’edt-ant I!" MEI ‘0 1):. “till“ 30 INC. 0‘ tho Dcpnrtmont of Econolicic Michigan Stat. 061105.. for reading this papa and for his mum cue- cuflou m cm". 244579 P 33.31. t HISTORY AfiD THEORY 0? P3123015 {ABOR Ono of tho ssrlior recordings of tho ass of prison labor that as boss is in tho Book of Jodgos. Telling tho story of Samson it ststos. 'but tho Philistinos took his...ond bound him with fottors of brass: sna ho did grind in the prison houso".1 Sinoo this surly day. the treatoent of man judged guilty of orioo by society has boon varied. I! spaoo permitted. othor methods could bo dosoribod such ss;;gx tolion; tho dunking stool. tho stock and other forms of tortnrs. public hnsilistion and personal dogradstion. Hovovsr. so sro primarily concornoa in o dovico that has boos gaining favor sinoo shout tho middle of tho 18th oontory. that of manual labor for prisoners of too stato- xot that labor for prioonors was s 13th contury discovory. As wss indicated above. it was osoo in tho osso of Samson in tho toys boforo Christ. Lotor. s ditforont typo of labor was popolsr is Inglsnd and othor sosfsrinc notions during tho aiafilo Agos. Prisosors guilty of tho ooro oorious orisos vars sent to soo on soils: ships. chsinod six or six to 50 foot ours. as a this. tho only tilos thoso son ovor loft thoir benches was to go to tho hospital or tho grsvofi The trials of thoso noon at their posts oooms svsn noro inhums3.vhon vs romoubor that when o gagod in bottle. tho oars voro shot st first and sorry was tho plight of thoso poor dovils when osnnon boil tors out tho oars. rho finsi solvotios for thoso non come when soils took tho plans of auto st tho ond of tho 16th oontury. 1300k Of Judas. Cho 16. 703'. 21o 2H. 3. Barnes. Raw Horizons in Criminologz. (Noo‘York. 1943). ?s “7o ~3- Aoothor only oothod of prison lobor no tho English storin- hooso. this on out to hoooo thoso guilty or oriooo not serious snout: to osrrsnt tns alloy ship. their moor: us to keep too prisoooro tron o ills of 'idloooso sod vactooooso by forced work ot um sod unman- sun-u! Such um woro tho treadmill tint could physioolly cripplo o on. tho crook which was tho hoight of borodoo and picking cotton or sorting horsohsir. «:3! ooorso. sons of tho oorkhoooos did fill an ooocooio used. they put tho moployoci to work. tho isostoo constius ma. various ortioloo stood.“ by socioty (ohooo. ohoo ropoirioc otm). and pro- flood sooo rovonoo for tho stoto. Troasportstion oss olsc cool by om cmtrioo so a moons of putting tho guilty to work and gotting than out of tho sight of socioty. This dovico woo ospocislly popular during tho 1733's although it is still prooticod todsy. For instanco. Australia woo oottloo or convicts ohiprrod our on prison ships froo Engglsni. Approriootoly 135.000 ooro shippod ooi'oro tho proctico was stopped. “rhooo pooplo clooroci tho mo. otortod toning sod sumo in lum- Wilg sad. Gratin-111. voro frood to livo oo tho! ohoooo liouovor. tho lot of thou pooplo oss not our so oft“ tho: voro sold to torsoro who hot boos convicts thonsolvoo sad took rovoogo for thoir ooor food sud hora labor so tho sou haplsss srrisols. mind oloo out: comics isbor so aibroitor for ironing and road building. rho "soon out o ooro notorious roooro with tronsportotion to Nov Osiodocis for root work out sugsr rotioorr work. and to Talia t 3:. 47‘s -3- From (him for road building smi tilbor cutting. Either place scoot oloost cortain dosth tron tho otossicg Junglo. favor or on- succossfnl ottospts to oscspo. Rossis has osod transportation oxtonsivoly or sonaing orisooors to work is tho oihoo of Sihoris'uhoro tho non work in log fottoro for l0 hours s do: with picks. croohoro sud wheelbar- roos- rho first for: of prison labor is tho as! World was Probably is tho tors of tho indooturod sorssnt plos- Dottors sod pauporo tron tho old coontrios voro solo to Koo World torsors for s period of roars. sftor ohioh.thoy voro troo to oolooisoo Both tho inden- turoo sorsscto sud tho galls: slsvos not so ocooosio hood of tho ooootrios inrolvod so this oorh‘voo oithor too hard or too distorts- fnl for froo ooh.‘ rho oodorh thought of rotorootioo so s port of isprisonmont prohsoly stsrtsd in Ross is 1704. Pops Clsosot Xi ostsbliahoc on institution st Soc fiioholo for bod boys with tho porposo of reform- ing through.horo wort sod silonos so s disoiplinsryoorico.5 rho ooao prisoiplo oss follovod in about. rlsnoors in 1773 when Vilion istrooncod tho idos of rotorostioo,ty'sooss or hart work sod trots-training to airs s person s moons of osrniog s living ortor ho woo rolossoi.6 is soorics. tho onsksrs or Pooosylvooio.oosorvo tho oroiit for sovsncisg tho idos of constructivo prison lstor. The renal Gods of Willis: ions of 1683 roquirod thst 'oll prisons to work- ‘Ihid. . ’o 480. 51b1c.. 9. s75. albido . po ‘79s .4. boosss'.7 Bowovor. it wasn‘t until 1740 that tho prison system in tho United Stotos got its stsrt when tho old Walnut Street Jail of Philooolphio woo convertod into o prison. For the ncxt firs decodes. the Quakers introcucod s new concopt into the field of psoology. There was s change fros public punishment such as tho stocks end usoloso tasks like tho treadmill. to solitary and refornstivs and productivo lebor. These new concopts were oopliod when the Quakers forood tho rotor- of tho Walnut Street Jsil. the hours were shortonsd one o port of tho recoipts from tho solo of the products (nails. cloth. shoos sto.) so the coon corset. woo credited to the account of tho son. not only were prosost do: concepts introdoood such so wogos for worh:done. but also tho inportsncs of clsssificstion and sogrogstics was noted so in tho otstnto requiring that. 'convicts shall bs kept so for so consistent with ego end son...ot labor of tho hordost and soot sorvils hind in which work is lssot lisblo to bo spoiled by ignoronoo sod nogloct.....*l 37 1800. the walnut Jsil oystso of lsbor was telling duo to ororcrovding. ‘Gnly shoot lot of tho inootss vors busy and tho total proinct of their labor woo paying only 8% of the cost of msintonsnco. Consequently. so sro led froo the congregate tree crison st walnut to tho socond stage of’nserlcso prison coroIOp- cont. the penitentiary stage. Tho cost fooons'“nonuocnts' to this second period (1820-1870) sro tho Rsstorn snd Western Prisons io.Ponnoylranis. end the inborn Prison in New York. the ‘78. o. Pigeon and others. Principles and Methods in Dealing_mith Offenders. (Philodolphie. 1349). p. 167. bertstutes at Lergo of Penneylvonis. Vol. XII. pp. 260-1. -5- two ststoo reprosontod two systsno of prison labor sn&.penolo;y and {crysors. otnnonts of this scionco orguod tho norits of each. Auburn was oponod in 1331 with o oyston of eongreghto labor during tho on: nndor o strict this of silsnoo. sod lockvug at night in solitsry. Tho chin! industries worn turning and nail and wagon noting. Whils this systos wss ohoapor for tho ‘dlfihyflr than tho Ponnoylvonio systoo hscouoo tho inonts’s production helood pay for his koop. it loft such to ho dosirsd. Loos honhno woo tho Fonnsylvsnio systsn. Eastern who amonod in 1829 ooor Philadslphis. Bostorn woo upsnod in 1326 in Pittsburg. By 1329 both prisons hsd sdoptod tho principle of onlitnry‘oonfihooont st hordlnhor so opposod to tho Auburn prin- oiplo of oongrognto inhor with solitary st night. Tho Ponnayl- wonio systoo was tho loss huoono hocnnoo of tho oonploto solitary. Tho innotos novor saw ooch othor and had only occasional contacts with tho guordo and tho chaplain. G! couroo. largo scale industry woo inposoihlo st Eastern because of tho siso of the cello. conp ssqnontly'tho systoo woo nors oxponoivs snd returns from labor moossr. Such tosks no shoonnking. wool caroinc and wearing worn common. Of'thooo too systoms. the Auburn system woo adopted by most of tho ststoo oncopt Pennsylvania. Thor. no two main objectino bohind prison industrioo. Tho first is sisal: that idlonsss is cos of tho cruolost wrongs infliotod by oooioty on its oaptivoo. Isolstion sud solitary con- tinonont only'sorvs to inorooso o.non's haladJnotsont. Host coho to prison hocnuso they can't confons to tho ways of tho group. ~6- thoy no social isolatos. ldlo solitary only doopons this oop- srstion Iron socioty and gins o no no chases to do s useful Job. snd ysnrs of idlonoss nay torco his into n otsto of inazmity. ittitudoo srs fornod by sooisl contact with ono's follows-zoo. not fro. solitsry idlonoos which is but s roflootlon of tho old public philosophy o! punishnont that is slowly being roplocod by on philosophy of "fox-notion. Tho ”00ml o‘oJooti'n of prison industries is to train n mm for «ploy-sot sftor his rolooso. through tho yoors the stress has boon on trots—trsining. hcwovor. bocauoo of tho rolstivoly few ronl trsdos in tho nachonizod world of today. losding suthoritioo have changed thoirmrso. Tho stross todny is on vocational education boost on individual hoods and oxistizg “plow-ant conditions.9 In- otosi of o spooifio trsdo or skill. tho innoto is taught general industrisl skills. good work habits. how to turn in high (31'3th por- fornnnoo through csro snd dilizonoo. to got s him: kick out of s Job woll dons thntl tron s cor-sot of orioo and how to got along; with folio! wornrs snci ouporvioors. This is bottor thos trade-training for o Job thst say not to opsuoi to tho porolod non hocauoo of crowdoi lshor sax-rots. union hostility or tho hostility oi’ a par- tionlsr ssgnsnt of sooioty. Bosidos couroos oondun toci by the oducotion dopnrtnonts in conjuction with tho iniuotrisl training. thors sro odditionol opportunitiss for trsining in oonnoction with prison nsintsnnooo such so baking. cooking. slootricity and tailor- £uo 96.71:. Borneo. how Horizons in Criminology. (How York. 1943). Do 22o . -1. Prison industries sro handicapped oosowhnt by the foot that thoy sro nonslly‘rsqnirod to to st leoot portly self-supporting on o group. not this any lioit tho fields and facilities available to tho inooto. Ecwovor. whon tho public boconos sufficiently noli on tho principlo of rotor-stion. they won't object to s very logitisoto nos of'thoir tsxss to hroodon,tho opportunities avail- shlo for prison labor. with onphnsis will shift tron soloing s nonotsry profit on prison products to noting s sooisl profit from tho roolsinin; of hnnsn‘toings. Of course thsro srs other reasons for letting the innntoo work. it helps pay tho costs of nsintonnnco. in some states tho insstos osn send sonoy hose to their fonilios sod it provides a ohospor source of supplies for tho otsto. However. nor-o1 decency doosnds thst those he subordinntec to tho roclsnotion of human resources. Borers concluding this brief historiol snd theoretical outline of prison labor. s for cords should to ssid regarding tho various systsos of prison labor.{1ihero sro six principle plsno for tho anoloyosnt of ststo prisonors. tho first is tho contrsct ornton. Under this plsn tho ststs foods. clothes. houses sod shorts tho prisoner in on institution. Tho ststo thon.oontroots with a private Iolnfootnrsr to unto goods oocording tsxhis specificationn. tho son-tutors: in turn furnishes oil of the row notoriols and my supervise tho sctnsl sort in.or nosr the riots institution. khan tho sonofsotsror'hos control over the discipline sod sets the pro- duction oshoiulos. srost shnsos soy sriso tron this syston through long hours. sovsro disciplino snd tough produotion schoduloo. -8- Hosovor. tho innntos hots o hottor ohonoo of rsooirisa propor food. clothing sad sholtor’oodor oontrsot lshor than nndsr the 06C0n$ systos. tho isnso systoo. Undor this astso. tho son are leased. to rorh.in privsto‘oinos. on for-s. on road construction and in footorios for privots ounors. Ibo lossor ossonos tho roaponsibility for fouling. clothing. punishing. gnu-ding sod housing tho prisoner sod is rotors. ho port tho ststs for this lobor. Tho adrentagos to tho ststo sro obvious. no institution is roqnirsd. no nninton- nnoo costs for oqnipnont sod innotos. it is simplo to ndminiotor and tho ststo is sssnrsd of s good inns-o. 0n tho other hand. tho dissdvsntsgos to tho ionsts sro squally obvious. lhoy may be poorly foo. honood and olothod. sno sbnssd in so sffort to out oosts sod sxtroot sors work froo thou. iotnoily. tho lessor oh- tnins vhot Iny'ononnt to slurs lshor. ovnn tho oothod of placing tho inlstos snggssts olovory. is on oxonolo. in 1883 the hoora- tor: of Stats of fonnossoo odvortisod in.o nowspopor. offering to looso Tssnossoo prison proporty sod inlotos for six roars to tho hizhost hidosr. the terns worn to ho not loss than $100.000 o.your 'olosr of oil orponoo to tho ststo on on: account snoopt tho sslsrios of tho soporintondsnt. oordon. sssistont vsrdon. surgeon no cupnw. m voro s. to p.14 by tho “no.” this form of lshor hss boon oloost ontirolr shondonsd.in.fovor of ono or onothor of tho rousining four typos. Tho third syston is tho piooo-prioo syston. Undo: this plan tho stoto maintains an institution. hnndloo disoipliss and Iagrison Industries in Tonnosnoo. Survoy by tho Prison Infiuo- trIos Hoorgafiizntion administration. (hashingtOl. 1937). P. 4. .9. production sohsduloss whilo tho contrsotor furnishss tho rnv not- oriols sod pays tho ststo so nnoh por unit. This taboo tho disoipiino snd nsintonsnoo of tho innsto out of prints innate. and giro: n good prison onnhistrntion. tho innstos won't suffer amino hardships. i'hs fourth plon is tho stots-soconnt systsn. horn the stats hoodlss tho ontirs procoss. hoops tho prisonors. honolos diociglino. rntss son nsintsnsnos. dooioos shot to protons. boys tho row notorini sod sssnoos tho risk of profit or loss. in short. it goss into tho nsnnfsotorins procoss on its on not soils tho product on tho opsn onrhst. Al for on tho non oro oonoornsd. it is no diffs:- ont than tho looso syston. bot tho ststo's position is different in- osnnoh no it works for itsolf out not n prints porty. i'hs fifth swoton is tho public works sod m systsn nnrior which tho innstos nrs onpioysd in tho contraction of pnbiis buildings. trims nod tho construction and nointononso of public roods. Tho stoto usually has control oror tho In oithom thoy no: work with prints contractors in putting tho non to norh. i'hs sixth and nost inportsnt systsn in nos today. it tho ntnto- uso syston. in this onto. tho stats only ooplsys prison labor in produotion dostinod for non by its on institutions or thoso of its politisnl subdiVisions. thors on no ops: mint solos unions spool- fiooily ollosod by ion. Tho disodrnntsgos of this plsn no for no tho prison syston is construct nro thnt it is difficult not costly to odninistor. A nubor of sunll shops’nro noodot rnthor than ons lsrco shop locuss tho norhot is too small for on out product. A train“ for“ is nocossory in sooh shop. Tho goods not its roll nods if ~10- tho! ors to ho ottrsctivs to tho ststs buyors and roll nado goods say coil {or o.lcng and.sxpsosirs trsining'prcgroo for tho men. or s on!- how of skillsd son in tho prison population. Hovsrsr. s somglo of tho prise! pcpnlstion indiootso that thsro our ho o shortage of ouoh psroooool. Pro~§risoo ocouystioog Cosmos lotorsr 236 30% hinsr 45 so For: labors? 10‘ 16h Skillsd 39 hi Soot-skilloi A39 35; Ova businoso 20 2% con torn 14 2o Clork. “1.. ‘9 6% Unooploysd 86 ll” 5675 00;» (At lsfft 50% srs in the lowor occupational hrsnchos doing vary moniol '0“) o Anothor dioodrsntogs is thot tho ststo on: not hsvs s sorbet largo sooogh to soplor s11 tho son in ototoduoo production. conooguently. s lsrls ollbor on; ho subjoctod to tho euros of idloooss. A solution to'flhis loot ohJsotion is tho stotoo-nos (statso not state) plan chors orison products can bs sold to tho institutions of other stntss. 31th oooporstioo. oooh ststs on: out introststs‘prioon divoroifiootioo of industriso and ogrss to concsntrots on s for products. Thoos pro- ducts will to oxohongsd with othor stotss for tho prodooto tho: sill spooioliss is. m. I. loo-gs mm :- providsi sod you round. toll onplsrsoot'osy sssily to tho rsoult. Horossr. tho disodrnntagcs of tho ststss-oos oystso srs that dirorsificotioo is out ond tron tho inoots stsoopoint this is wrong. It doosn't silos for tho tlsxihility in A _.-._._ llbonold Clsmnor. Tho Prison Cooonnitx. (Boston. 1940). p. 83. -11- in photo; s son in tho typo of Job ho is host quslifiod for. ohils tho ststs-ooo plan does porcit nuitility duo to tho grostor umber of ioduotrtsso if no on products; shoss for yoursslt nnd other otstos. s on oil). lsorn tho shos trods or nothing. om though his n‘bilitiss so: to in tho fisld of nachins shop oork. of oourso. soother obvious dis- odnotogs of tho stotos-uos plsn is tho difficulty in coordinating tho notions of tho various stotos. Summing up. first vs find thst tho oontroot. lssss. place-prios ond ststss-oss systoos. so: to coo-ittod to o rolotivsly foo insiuotriss C products. shiis tho ststo-uos sod tho public ways systems will bs in- clinsd to to ocrs divsrsitiod. Tho public sccooot plan may ho in sithsr olsss dopsndina on tho otsts prison policy. Ssoond. in tho contract. lsooo. public socount and z;ioco~;:rico systoss. tho goods srs sold on tho opsn onrlnst sithor by the stats or by prints produosro. or this group. tho looso. contrsct and tho piscs- prios plan no prints” controllsd in tho ssoss thst tho prints pro- . duos! tom tho profit or risk of loss. Althoufl it nay ho s coincidonos. so usuolly find thst tho prsssurs so and chaos of tho prisonors is zrsotost in than systons. it is slso ogoinst tho thros systems that tho opposition oi" fros labor sod What has boon tho grsotsst. i'hs two groups contsnd that with oontroct. lssoo. pisorprics snd public socounts systo-us. svsn though tho prison lshor so: to loss officisnt thst trss inbor. can ususlly osll goods chsspor on tho cpsn carrot and undsrcut prints labor and oonogsosnt. As o rssult. pricss$iongos srs offootod. They turthsr sontsnd thst status-nos sod public works and son. as prcfcrnhls toooooo -13- while they do offer competition. it is loss direct. Starting about 1830. the offorts of both labor and manaaomoht hats been directed toward restricting prison labor and producto. hoginnihg with tho and of the 1333' s. tho unfortunate decline of £33.53 iniuotrial prison started duo to s largo extent. from the efforts of froo lhbor and mmuatomoat. a topic to ho discussed in kart I! of this pgfivr. Port II Publis Intonsts Voroos Prints Intorosto ~14- in this notion of tho most. so will ottsspt to discover what tho goosrsl labor viov is regarding prison ishos. which induotrios on tho soot ootivs is tho strugls. shot hos boos dons by tho ststss sod tho Fodorol govomont to him.» this conflict mo finally. so shall look sot-o olosoly ot tho specific ohiootimo to tarioon lohot by private labor and. mxzogemont. E'riooo labor is ono of tho moot oootrovstsiol prohlono in tho field of priooo smaomont. Probably nouhoro olos to tho field of public miniotrstion do public and privsto intsrosts cloth hora ooflrsly. Ono of tho oarlior instances of this olssh woo in 3.3;?! whoa tho osbiost authors of Row York rooo to ptotost spigot the solo of products from tho prison workshops. Hovmr. tho tool :rssiotoooo of orzooitod lotor boson shoot 1890 and boom wo- 51ossiuly strong" until 1929 when tho Basso-Coop” Lot was signed by Ptosidut Coolidgs. is tho suitor yours. tho sool of organ- ind lobar to limit tho horkot for prison orodooto chaos-ti 4:93:13 inflation to tho convicts. too iostsooo. is last Psaosflvonio mosssd o. in whsroby so lobar saving machinery could to used. to prisons}; This robboa tho isostso of s chaos to lsors tho ooohshissl trodes mi upon roloos's. thsy froqusntly found it am:- cult to not o Job in tho srpondihg loos production industrios. In tho only 1900's. tho contract systos vss tho min too-got for rofornors and onions. in 1913 Jooo Moons contoodod that tho stots prisons soro showing on snouol dofioit of 3300.000 boozmoo profits vsro oil going to tho oootrsotors ood tho otsto no holpiw to maxi-a 13m: aogohlig. x (Puma 3. 1917). 9-40- ~16- thooo profito‘toconoo of inodoqooto charcoo for ploot. labor and ovorhoodo Sho thought that omy ototo with too Iilliol pogulation could onplo: oll prioonoro in otato-ooo prodootioo.13 State-use hat boon molt by moot 111 lobor ltodoro although at times. an vo oholl oeo. ooltviotoroot has undo otato-uoo tnpoonihlo. John.filtoholl. Prooldont of tho 6M3. tomorkod in 1913 that organiood labor out the otrongoot and moot poroiotont oévocmta of amployooot of aoovlcto in tho proauction of thoao ooauoditino that aro uoodod by the state ond ito ooh-divioiono. Ho said that tho prioo of o onrpluo of o oozoodity in o nnrkot. dotoroiood the price of tho outiro stock and that priooa produoto oro ourplno. conaaqnootly. tho priooo of Iona products oooo down and oorhoro oro diaohargad booonoo {too indnotry can't coopoto. "Thoro to no doubt that con- vtoto ohoold to nodo to work...tf their prodonto don't onto: into coopotitioonoith froo lobar. rhoro to o kind of work tho; oat do tho! totorforosloaot with trot labor. Thor'ooo.ornoh tookLin tho priooo yordo and thio otono can to noon on publto noun...“4 It night voll be quantionoa whothor John Mltoholl had hoard tho latoot thoony’of ponology. hovovor. too would orguo today that root oroohtoc io ot all condootvo to rofbrnotioo i! thot to to to tho publio policy'in rogord to tho prioono. The thoony to not work no ouch. tot oonotruotivo. oorol building uork thot will tend to rob-bilitoto rothor thou dogrooo. 8o- Oooporo wroto loch on tho priooo labor protloo. In ono mm to ooid. «at arms.“ um boo to» lighting in pri- oono to tho contract priooo.lotor oyotoo....rho ooovioto toooivo‘. L... Erin. Adana." 1&3. ".33" 30mg. xmnpm 1913). 27. ltJohn fiitoholl. Annual of tho fimsricon . f P iti and 33313; Scioncg. 2L ~15- ho ongoo and oro fomocl to toil long hours ot on inhuman was: Ma our“ t1 opooiinm devicoo“. With tho loo win to: convict labor. tho murmturoro who ooploy {roe labor on hopoloaoly un- oblo to compote. Froo workon aro thrown out o! mimotrto 'L‘My not their tannin ouftor hon-gar and all manner of privation bo- oauoo of the contract oyotou. F’roo ongotition of print»; mode;- goodo with the gamma“ of rte:- labor iooo not inane” the ornate! of comeditieo-bmzialsod to tho comm: ty booms-o protoctzzd rm. favored by ogmcirl conditions and per11e593. it boo forced fair fll‘fin out of finish of orofluction'.“ that Oman is 99321;; is shyly that own tnmlgh prison products are sold on the arm halt- Eat «shonpar thrm froo products and. was though on. nigzt thin}: that because of this worth 7390919 could buy ooro goodo. it isn't ”ally no. the prison augmentation {moo private Moots-y to lag! of! men and homo. ovoa though priooo on who: goodo may to lever. offsho- tivo demand in «loo low:- oni oonmtioo do” not immune. Lotor wo ohall attempt to diooovor how oovoro this ompotition to and mother tho mother a! m put out of work by prim lot» is so important o foot» oo coupon ioplioo. no go" on to ooy that labor 2n: olmo nintainod thot prioouoro would work one not to on- ploitod. on: ohoold work ot ouch am no not to oonoo competi- tion vii floo labor. "rho right to m ooo bring no. book into tho tight rolotion to lito. ht prison olovon only bottrooooo tho luv-mm thot mm» m individuol fool oooioty ma mtonoifiet tho ootogooioo to tho oooial wanintioo'.“ _L_.. Basal ammo. limpet; mgr. tux: (April 18. $.54). 23. “mo. p. 59. -11. Tho Exooumivo council of tho Ari odoptoi in.1924 o report that roflootod Goopot'o idooo on priooo lobar. Thor roooooondodt l. ototo-ooot 2. tho dorolopooot of priooo iodnotrioo on o.high.plano of offioiolor'vith oafo conditiono ond oxport nonogooooti 3. re- hohilitotioo o! prioonoro through pay-out for work dono on o foil booio.17 rho oboro potato fairly roll oxprooo tho looor View down to tho prooont do: oo oo oholi lotor diooorort cortoinly Oomporo woo oorroot io ototing that prioonoro ooo.oot to oxpootod to becomo bottor loo.io o oyotoo vhoro ooploitotioo. long hooro ood no ro- wordo oro tho rolo. Ao in priroto indnotryt thoro loot ho inoentiroo and rooorto and dooont rorkiog oonditiono. lr'tho timo Uillioo arooo oooono prooidoot of tho AIL. brutal toroo of tho oontroot oyotoo bod ohoot iiooppoorod. Howovar. prion: product “potitioo bod not. In 1930 Do atom that the £331 hon oppoooi prioon labor tron tho {irot tooouoo it giroo opooiol pririiocoo to tho oooro thot oootloo thoo to profit fro-.tho oio- fortuoo of» priooooro out roduooo tho oooto to thor coo moron). tho prooooto of troo lobor. Bo ooii that oollioc'priooo proauoto Dolor oooto of tho priroto iodnotrioo iioorgoniooo tho oarkot. than lotor,too priooo of priooo produoto will to roiooo who-.privoto io- duotry boo boon driroo out of tho oorhoto Solliog holoo oooto it 'infiuotriol piracy” and.o orino ogoioot ooonooio othioo. Howoror. Vfifik it o orootivo out uplifting toroo and thould to providod for tho prioonoro oithottt injury to (too vorhro. Bo oloo miotod out thot tho m woo ootivo in cottioc tho prohibit“: mint import- in; convict oodo goodo into tho Sooot-Hoolqy Torirttll Groon coat on York Tiooo noroh21924 . BW'M u 15- 1950312 9- 5' —-—~r’ -10- oo to on. 'tho m it not in favor of public buildingo booing orootod by conviot lobor. Yo tom tho ooployooot of convict labor for tho purpooo of mountain; coodo out ootorioio for note-- ”mum to oootomi thot in: tho orootioo of public boilciimgzo our okilioi froo ”moo oholl ho ooployod..'u Jnot how o distinction con to no. hotvooo condo on ootoriolo and by tho ototo and o building out by tho ototo ooy to opoo to motion. novoror. in 1930 who: thio ototoooot woo oodo. tiooo ooro gottiu to to o ‘ littio tout. oo tho look of lotto too to mout- Grooo nil in 1930 thot oith out o lot of “plow-tot. tho proinoto of prion iobor ohooli out to olloooo to odd to tho troioo. li'hio io vow ohorootoriotio of tho prion lobor probloo in gourd. A not moot of ootoriol on to foul aghast in tiooo of doptoooion and rot: littlo in tiloo of prooporitr who: not {no lobor it owloyod. During tho rout Moro tho tint World tor o oonoidor- o'hlo ooouot or ogitotioo our poiooo lohor ooo proton. During tho m. {too labor no rolotivoly happy. thou 1920 cm. and prio m m... compotitioo tooooo o mu.- “no oo it no in 1929. out op utii tho notional Mono prono- got moor our. oo it to ho orpoOtod. Hhoo tho unboro oro upland. tho low organisation horo iooo ooooo to oroooto oooioot priooo potato. nooooor. whoa moplmoot io pron-loot out may ooo ooo prion lobor mung proctmto thot tho: oouid ho noting. tho prooou'o for o Ira-ado ho- mo shot. an poi-or: ”to in No conflict to olvon tho oo- toot to ohioh oooh group of vortoro or Mutant io toils Nina-rod by who oqotitiooo it tho ooupotitioo io hum to “Looio I. toot-on. shogo 3;»th vent. (Panto-lotto. Fm... 1931). Do “o 7 ~19- thoo. thon it'o donnod. it not. nothing in dooo about it. or own. moron: opookinc. tho mono oro ooro intorootod in mi. in: oil prion onpotitioo than in induotry. Priroto mwogsot-uroro oro only intorootod in tho porticolor ohoo thnt pinohoo. vo rill not look ot oooo of tho groom thot horo dons tho mot combining obont prim labor compotitioo. Ono of tho out portiotont fooo of prison lobor in tho Motion: Broth Mandamuo' Loooointioo which woo fipfitfi to romooont 80:5 of tho brooh production. it protootod7tho momm- tion of ootoootio unchioory ot Looroororth for nouns brother. rm oontondod. that tho Fodorol sonmont hod ovorotopposi tho pur- you of when labor (to provido robotilitotiro work for tho 31-1- oonoro) nod hod oouooci grooo injootioo to to dono to froo labor. Srininolo rot-o oooorod omployoont rhilo ooployooo of logltizzato hmh mutant-o roro thrown out of rook. Loonnrorth who ouppoood to to trying to nonopolioo tho truth aunt in tho govern— soot topnrtnontoo mo ABEL nohod for lociolotion noting hand later capillary not! that would noouro tho 'honoot' vorbr profomnco ovor orioinolo ovon i! oll prim incinotrioo would hon to to out out. who opokooooo for tho Enpiro Brooh rorko oontondod thot tho brush onto" bod boon doprivod of o. ”union voluo of covornnont buo- 80 inooo tho: had proriouoly ooJovod. Boro Io ooo that ovon stato- noooornot to thoonmrwhootuomboincotoppottoobytho gariooo indootrioo. it tho and looting of tho an in 15339. tho noprooontotivo tron uioooori tolti tho group thot tho rotor-moot had to go into tho broth tuninooo ot Loovoomth toooooo tho hrm 3%” for; rung. Soptontor £593. 3:. o. .20. monopoly oohd on: who tho: chooo ond tho corona-st hot! to gay. At tho oooo oootiu tho prooidoot of tho oooooiotioo ootinotod that ooo-tooth of the brush non-hot had boon oootooyod to tho goo- ornooot out o hill no tuggeotod "king thot no public money to oooot on when produoto it tho: could to bought from primto coo- pout“. onlooo tho prioon bid ogoinot tho privoto fix-Io and oonoidorod on nooonoblo oooto in to «than vMao om monopoly hut opponntly ottoiood tho oooo position oo tho hioaor twine truot of tho olddlo not. In Monoooto tho priooo not into tho hinfioo tvioo tooinooo to brook tho trust and gin tho tvioo to tho tom" ot rooooooblo priooo. Tho Mot iotorooto won otill fighting-to 1947 whoa tho othto Fodorotioo of Labor oritioiood Bonnier Duo: for votoiog o bill that vault hovo ootlmd tho oolo of hnohoo oodo in tho Stoto E’riooo ot Sing-Sing. Ono othor iotorootioc oitloliaht no that tho Hotioool Boo. Kohfl’ootororo‘ noooiotioo oootondod thot not only no ito indootry toning mm but thot blind brooo mkoro woro hoin; inland by tho prioon prodltoto. o goat now of tho blind broo- oohoro voro probably in ototo iootitotiooo out their prodmt woo oomtiu with {no lo'bor and ontorptioo Just oo ouch oo tho oriooo lobor. but it no o. good ”moot thot oppoolod to tho emotiono. i‘ho ootoot of tho coopotitioo io iodiootod in tho following tablo. Exoopt to 19:13 ohoo printo iodnotrioo prodooto ran to 3:33 oillioo ohilo tho prioon precinoto romiooci ohoot tho ‘9me at boron. tho ouootitioo tooo not oooo to to too oovoro. It to 512:” York «1:0,. Mon-oh so. 1939. p. 41. .21. difficult to Iron ow dofioito omlooiooo without hooiodao of tho oiotritottoo of tho oriooo polo. tho «plop-out oitootioo to tho ioaootry oto. It to toll on iodinotioo of the ortoot of motitioo. B , o B o l Voloo o! prodoot to Voluo of product in privoto in“. priooo tom. 1923 ”6.773.000 (l) o1.oio.ooo (t) 1932 33.669.000 ‘3’ 1.176.!” (a) 1960 00.300.000 (3) 1.157.469 (o) u) iitotiotiool Ahotraot o? the 25.5.. 15:36. (3) Statiotiou‘f Ahotmt o? tho U.3.. 1935. (a) Stotlotiool Ahotroct of tho u.s.. 19tl. (4) Monthix Labor zzov'fov. m. VI! may 1933). P. 7. (5) '34 nthl Lain: Rog”. LII! (Sept. 1941). 5’. 599-600. (6) HQEEIZ he or an? on. L!!! (Sept. 1941). P. 599-600. “a. lotorootiohol Photo Elnovoro' Uoioo hoo oloo oppoooo tho ooo or when labor. it hoooo ito orguoot oo tho root thot tho ooo of priooo lotor to tho photo owning ohopo to tho prioooo no“ ororido tho ooo with trolling thot room loot to ooootortoitio‘ rhoo tho: ooro "loud.” ' tho Kotioool school Supply oooooiotioo voo oloroot ot tho io- oooooot too of ototodooo. tho: ooooptod tho priooflo oo long oo prim Ioio «up-m woo hood to homitolo. prim out poorhmoooo Koooror. thou tic not not tho prioooo to ooko oohool oopplioo bo- ooooo tho: honoooo to to oohool mlioro. oot hoopitol or poor- hoooo mlioroo” mm dototo oo tho lovoo-Ooopor out remot- in tho ohioooot o! prim orodooto. tho prooiooot of tho school 10" I , WE‘N‘ 17. 103‘. ;o 33o ~ 33 D t. L! 11'! (July ‘o "35% a. ~33- W917 fit. of South corolla mto to lotto. moving tho nu at thoro woo qotto o ooooootrotioo or oohool dooho hoiu onto to tho ototo prtoooo.“ to 1930 tho lotioool W Lutor Aooooiotioo ootiootod thot tho oolo of priooo produoto ooot privoto imtry 900.000.” o you. a. lotionol umiotioo or mom Mouton" oeu- mmmupumumummumormm forlootyowbuttho ototo. Xhthouloflold. ultootho Wootworo of ooool ohipo roro ‘9 in oroo toooooo tho priooooro in valmio voro noun. voodoo Molo out oollio; m- ot prion ohoopor than thou Into Iv froo lobor. Ono opoko-ol ooid bio “ll of tho mto Rorio loid on tho Iholvoo vhuo tho prim oociolo moo out. oooooonootly. ho m to 1.7 m 1o on.“ on. “toot o! cognition to tho Mitt” 13mm to Mint“ it tho following tohlo. out it ooooo rory oogligthlo. WW Voioo of gal-into Vol-o of priooo M m... 1.33 mums» (I) Mono.“ (0 1m 297.730.1300 ‘3) 8.618.603 (a) 1.40 “6.5634100 (3) 3.306.797 (I) (193’ {W} (U Bo o 1m! Bocordw vol. 65. p. sat. (a) gégiogoo! gin-cot of tho 8.3.. 1935. (3) 3.... 0 __ (6) mm Lobor fiovilev. (July 1933). p- 7. 25)) Mogtfiz'mr'lfilovmim. (mm. 1941). p. 699-600. 6 bi. I . 1.113. p- m. 3 I.“ 1 o 1'03“”, 2‘. 1’“. p. “o ~33- !» mum um cm" a! lov mum. Quinn :31 mm. paint-A th- hwuuu of mm «bin. in 1931 ha- oanu 11 no you By visit that canton“ vii convict labor. hen“. . name: a m Marmot emu.“ rho human Lam M Lamar Goods Haitians-on 31:0 “and i can again“ p21": uh he”. The: banned 11' $23. "M110" van :1": the ”acts“ “out prlm produu W van“ refrain run «1111:; than. AM“ 57% m m bin ”111:; prison m4. van mind to to me of tho amnion.” In 1940. 0. mm- m- m mum Shoo ”than of Moria was read on tho floor of the am. in vhiah a. «split» van «to». main“ tho Min; of i contract for 300.000 pan of thou to m. round when by m mama-um com.” the mm m.- van column: .011 for about $3.36 vhuitm labor .1100! an“ b. about $12.00. ' ' 13 19M. pflion 1.30! vii pruned um um!“ ln 2’pr to «an an idiquau vita: supply as» tho m 1310. it Stats. Cant: M annex”: with" much an m. m up Ma's in. not: mu; m mutilation If m Aim: to m 01%.] m nan are“ it: «ah a mo and! not in Mun-i151. M. rev ma non «Muir painting tho an of garlic. labor u “flu breaker. one” when m. dang" to th- pnblta hi1“ and car“: 1: gram. flu mm of the dang" In m- can in in 1mm. The cumin: luau-y has Mu ”pawl: mm In {mung garlic: labor. m9 clothing and mm Liam. the mu cod" £511" Tori: 313mg» Iobrm 13. 1931. p. 11. ”3.3.9.- Lum 2. 19:51. an. n. p. 15. EW-Lmh v- 10775- .aa- and prioon 1obor oro nor-o or Inn o. ya" 0! mo mo discussion and out: v11). ho ghoul «no iuenuon. During o cotton inamtry otrito in 1008. ono of the chief potato of contention no that the prion: would" mum: cloth- ing m0 cloth. were running £011 blooo with the prloonoro 1-60er in; only i pumo for shot: work (about 6! put any) ohm pmvm- ing unfair competition for frog labor. Thoy picturod tho husky. mbflcklayor muting apron. and pfloonoro foenn; 11h about and 114m whoa “my saved. thi contractor's 1obo1 In tho eon-onto ho- osmao they apgméioted tho ‘haru their brood labor on caning. ‘a’hal the Gout-nor of norm convicted for tho 100: o! 200 an ta ooho work uhiflu the Iuomtlanal Aooootoun of cation! Mannheim-on oonoondod um oho vogoo 901‘ «on of who: ”do ohhto voro 123.; an. m rm mm thoy m. 3.3.50 por noun.“ I‘m-that. they «to that of tho 0.000.000 vork ohtrto auto to Anon-icon prisons in the you «an; Juno 30. 1933. tho prison! only rmivoa 0000.000 vhuo moy voro mm oi 010,000.00!) thuo 13410.01“ i not prof“ for tho coutmooro 1f thoy voro contra”! mm- or u anomaly 10v puoo 1! shay voro «10 «run: on 4:1" aorlroh an: if they voro «11th um»... o «I. of only 3000.000 pot 010.000.0011 02 um would inov tho contractor ta “11 tho: for M1" tho who. pun. rm ooooolouoa o1” eon- “md 08:. any of 0110 "00110" didn't but 0h“ 01101! 30000 cm 9m pfloono and um nobody vonld buy prim pMuoto anyway excopt booonoo of tho mun-oily 1ov prioo. .h. L‘ w-v fiv— v...— v .._. V 3952! tag; 110:; . Juno 2:. 1m. Soc. 1:. p. u. ~25. rho Cotton Door. Annotation oloo had on inning. It pointoo. out thot tho prodmtton of vldo «11 and narrow amok to Atlanta. (Pastoral Prison) ms 18.070. 7305‘ on ooogzorod with 81.77.54.373: by froo labor. which constituted an box-don on troo labor ind too-031.17.“ 0m 18?!» of total graduation prodoood by potion labor dooo ocean to to 21151: no probably on: giro good rooooo for the complaint at 1.1.1! was during tho «tooth: of tho doprooolon. Then to probably 5 groot dual of truth to those cootontlono. to 1933 about 40.4233 of tho prodmttvoly «upland pthonoro voro mgloyod in clothing: mmzfooturo. to 1933 about tho am. in 1936 only 80.0. 2010:: tho depression!) comes. of oouroo. tho obJootlom of the ministry booorao otrongor. Sam "on wont so for on to films; tho tout-shop's on tho ooooootty to hoop oooto low 121 orator to moot tho prlaoo labor oompotltloo. Any mutantmr that triad to poor oocoot wages couldn't oonpoto Moon-o when Mo product mm mm otth tho cheap prtooo product. tho low price on tho 1ottor ormvo 1m tho ortoo on 1310 good» An attempt to loot this pro- 0183 woo ado moor tho m. Tho Prison Labor Authortty no creatod thorouoor and sot up a Prison Labor Onpoot. Undor thlo {imam tho prison todootrtoo voro aloud to uoo tho Moo $311510 1! they oooomd o 40 hour vook. ooployoa nobody moor 16 and am not sell bolas o oorroat fair prtoo to tho what. The out announce: for labor no «orhooo voro to to used to thooo 1n prtvoto induotry and oontrootoro had to pay on wont soot-.1 to tho out ooot of froo groom". W‘o {to our part" no to to roploood by “Coopoct”. no other litoltog voo to to nqotrod. an” 1'03 Tints. Nor-oh 24. 1933. 3. 86. ~26- rho olothtog loduotry voo oooovhot ovoroxtoodod dortog tho doproootoo duo to tho dooood for chomp olothoo. oooooqoontly tho tnfrtocoooit on thotr {told by'prtooo‘prodooto voo folt oopoctally otroog ood confldot vtth tho oodo toovttoblo otooo to practice. tho trtooo Oodo oooood to bo protoottng'prlool.1obor. noooooo tho Codo couldn't to onforood. and boom» it on “thug ooro than i gontlouoo’o ogrmont. prtooo prodooto tron oono prtoono not sub- oortolnc to tho Codo. oonttoood to ooopoto with {too 1ohor'o pro- doot. thou tho Clothlns Codo Aothortty dooldod 1o Dooomher 193-4- to out our. to; to tho udnotry without i won out. tho clothing Wootiroro ohJootod toooooo tboy would to ”111 hordor pro-sod to out tho prtooi oooootttton 1! thou «no not up vhtlo noun fol1. Thoy'oloo throotoooi to withorov fro- tho Oodo tf tho rulo m «fund. thtrty—ooo oooofootororo voot oo for it to took us injunction oo my would not to throat“ vtth proooontton or hoyoott 1! they Md vithdrov. Thoy odd thoy couldn't cooply with tho 10$ out old ottll ooot Mama.” 0! oooroo ill of tho Moot" otJutod to tho Bloo halo on prtooo prodooto and asked for too mamas. Tho oottrt rofoood to ooJoto tho no of tho Elm 3.51. by tho prtoooo homo thoy odd: 1. it vooo't cloor that tho I00 of tho zoglo voo o vto1ottoo o! tho totr ooipotlttoo «do: 3. prtooo ooopottttoo woo looo oovol'o tho- totoro too oo-ao: 3. prtooo ooopottttoo no dooroootoc to tho olothtu tiduotry. In 1932 13.940 prtooooro vat-o omployod. to 193$ only 3090 out ”mend.” “you York 1159;. Hovombor 29. 1934; ;.Am. 3~3alabooo tutu «21-0 In my "at. tt oppooro thit ooopottttoo 01d dooroooo and tho moo-0009” Mt ohortly to to dlooooood. holpod ood m. cogpotlttoo (lo otfoot 1934). Bovovor. not mo trout con to gtvon to the $3.34. Codo unloh voo doolorod monotltotlolol o ltttlo later. Tin totloro o! tho Moon Libor Ooopoot ooono to hon boon duo to titre. noon» 1. tho out of labor on Momtlblo vtth tho coat. that to. no» vm oovor woopt tho opn mitt toll of pr1oon productl for our room: 2. tho oottoo moot todootry oootldortd the coda morhtlo. boon. olooo oooporottoi on tho tooto tor the oodoo. 1t voo oovorhtlo: 3. othor todootrtoo voro tool-Ill looot tho teluo Eaglo voold otroocthou tho poottloo of prtooo prooooto to othor ftoldo it It dtd to tho olotuog manta. oooooqoontly. other to- dootrtoo float it "on mom tho ooooottttoo von't oopootouy oovoro 1n thotr flout yot. Lotor o outttoo m oppolitod to otody tho orobloo of tho oottoo todootry no it manhood thot «no-puma. to a... bemoan fro. product. nod prtooo mdnoto 1| on “old.- M M’témstod toot tho Pu holp tho ototoo "omit-o thou prtooo todnotrloo to u to to mapottttro ood that tho WA giro tho ototoo money to roplooo Mo loot by tho dooltoo o! tho protttoblo todootrloo. Th. TERA no to who. “I. food ad 010“. It. tho printout (in!- log tho Watt“? Wt. tho Hut-COOP» Lot quit. ofloottvoly udod totmtoto oupottttoo'of prtoon produto and lot» oooo too-mo ttrooc m to holp ttoolt oo no croot progrooo ntudodtorthoroportmtooood. 1 553a. to; we”. tumour at. 1934. 9. so. H‘ a20- sooo toatoottoo on to oooo to tho following totlo oo to tho utoot of mutton to tho olotllo. “not". cloth“ Volvo of {too Voloo of potooo W W I.“ “omomom (1) $8.13.!" (4) 1983 1.797.“..000 3) 21.0mm (5) mo 8.883.015.“ 8) 1.611.002 (6) f1) "1351: 3... mu. m. (a) %W’.. 3133.8” 19:55. (3) Em. into w (4) nontm Lobe: govim. (July 19:53). 9. 7. E5) H'§"n"'t'SIz“L'F'SEa £"'!z£o"v"!Lo_g. (Sept. 1941). p. 599-500. a) . to 1938. Moon tohotrtoo not“ looo tho. 1% of tho total clothing ootm. to 1m oltahtly our 1! old to 1m. tho ‘0‘. no vol" .11.». loomr. to. clout-c Mott: to bully oooooo- trot“ old it to (ISM poootolo thot tho prion a.“ noun. tnto thooo oonoootntod oorhoto would. own tho ”not. onoolollr to tho topmootoo. 'mo ooopottttoo to vow ought oov out no all to" ltttlo to mono thot tho conflict to omoo ot want. on. poohtttttoo of tutorototo mo to potooo Mo to vtolo- ooaoromm.mth.mmummuum olotltu oootooo on thto holm oolvo tho prono- plno woo protu- ttoo. mot would.“ out for both ”soon not froo loboo. loo oo ton to o. notion): oonttoood ptooo o! lodolottoo. tho “loo-Goon: lot.“ Moro tho not no moot. o ototo cult poo- voot potooo producto tro- totoc ooll on the on: loo-hot 8! tin voro to“ to tho ototo. amour. homo of tho totorototo comm cluoo to tho coootttotloo. ttov «old at pmoot prtooo prom” ho- othor ototoo fro- totu ohtmot to on oolo. to 1938 thou m... ops—mu mm as. .39- uoo oooottoroblo atmotoo mo moth» or not oao ototo eculd out out“ to onto to poohtbtt onto tro- ooothoo ototo {no both; on“ contour to tho In! of tho ototo. rho Souto emittoo or late:- ototo Gonooooo afloa- hoootuo. doctdod tt ohonla. to an to oo nnloto. “amt”. tho Echo-coop" Act no you“. In 195:9 (to om «foot to 1930 to dlvoot prtooo produto of their inter- ototo mm moo onto-l ot toot: ooottoottoo. It am not to!» m mu nous-oat to totorototo mono. out on milk; oat was ooooooon to out ototo doototog to tomoto tho «lo of ouch Mo. no 1:- no tootod m... on... now; on tho mo that It flolotoo tho Gonotttuttoo by «with; tho plotntlfl‘o at pmorty otthont duo proton. hpolrod tho otltoottoo o! mtraot- on no tolocotod taunts” pom to roguloto too-unto ' 9mm. Alohmphtoh oold, ohttto and cotton Mo to certain ethor ototoo. «mt to hnvo than ototoo «Jot-M rm prohibit- ing tho oolo of tho producto at not”: prtoono. Tho ototo can- touaod tt hot 33%.!!!) lonotod to tto plant not on“ out on mama-1 31.000.000 to oonvott to ototo-uo. rho snpuuo Court "mood to onset! tho ototoo thot prohibttod tho oolo of Alabm goon on tho arm thot no oootroat odotot on no property was .1: hum of how not.” n. mm o... «a. to 1935.“ mm.“ oold mm to cm. thot hot boon oodo to Aloha-o. no «not thot Om" couldn't divoot ttool! of oootool on: totooototo «loom on mm. Wat‘asfifl.mcmmfimf# ~30- that ototoo ooulén't prohtbtt ohtpooot or goodo not 1mm. Tho court upltod. thot Ohio opporontly ooootoorod tho oolo of prison produto oo ovll no no moat“ by othor ototoo horns goose-d otollor 1m. Fm labor could not ooopoto olth moot-pom an! rot-coo prtoon labor and tho ototo oon cooooquontl: logtolato again“ thlo toll. ‘ who no to tom: of tho Homo-Coop» tot? Goaorolly speaking. {in olooooto of ooototr onpportod 1t: 1. labor: 2. oortoln monotootwo who won tuna lnjorot by it; 3. gonorol “aeration of voooa’o club" 4. mm orgalutlono (Moon am" on.” 5. prtoon rotomoo tho tomcat to out tho «no of oootroottog amt tot-cod labor. Tho not: thou on tho toottuty or lobe: and inmo- try to ooopoto and rotors no oloo odnoood hr groom throo and. {loo oopoololly. on out portlonlor to: tho Owoootonol ktocord MOM! tho adamant of tho oot by tho following poop" Intonation). Aoooototlon of Gomont Madam". Sou York that. tangovoro' Elton. Unltot foxtlloo Horton of outta. modems mot ’cottoro Loool #95. loot one. Shoo mm Untno Jemima Staoo cotton‘ Aooootottoo. aooooltdotot floohloo Tool “mutton of mu... Bolooro' moo no.” lntoooottul) .ooun. out or thooo mo hon ohm tool ooottoooo obovo oo totoc oogzreclolly hoottlo tour! prim lob»; tho oppononto of tho oot mo oohlr potooo otflotolo. t.o.. Virgtnlo Stoto Prtooo Boon-d. Mtooouot Ponttootlory. Poootdont of tho mot-loo: Briton .toooototton. t’oflno' Looootottoo of Morton. and tho hum nook carnation. Tho “on orguooto wot-o. tho Efiwoum mind. an. p. 4373. T“ M -31. oddtttooal burdoo.oo tho taxpayer: booonoo tho prioono would bo looo oolf-ouotolhlnao ldlohooo o! prloohoro would rooult. the in. ouotrloo would bo exponotvo to dloorolfy for ototodooo and tho got: to lobe: and oanagooont‘vould.bo vory oltght oo prison pro- aooto only oonotttutod about 1/12-1/20 of l? whloh to close to on: figuroo for tho clothing tndnotry obovo. Hoproooutottvo have: ropltod to thlo by owing that tho coughs-non or total prison 133:0- duoto to total froo production to not rolovont booohoo the con» coatuttoo of prtoon prodooto to o omoll om o: to ono industry on: doprooo that vholo manta-y.” m. ooom to hovo boon on fact no so hovo ooon that oortolh lnduotrloo oro tho porolotont ob- Sootoro. it to not thonotfr to conorol that fighto prtoon labor. Aloo. Kimoooto protootod otrongly fourths that tho oolo of twine and for: aoohlnooy would bo poohlbttod. thno ohdthg tho relto! tint tho prioon tuonottloo to that otato had boon gtvtng tho ‘farhoro from tho truoto. (Thooo prodnoto o... oxoopt in the act.) rolhlr'tt woo congroooooo (rah tho forming ototoo that tried to kayo oxolptlono undo ouch oo tho obovo nonttonoo.plno oood and othor 11k. Produoto bola: told to {armoro ot.lovoo thoh|norkot prices. Obviouoly. thto not proottoolly'ohdoo tho controot oyotoh booaooo tt booomo too difficult for oootrootooo to got 21o of tho ‘prtoon produoto. Tho trout to prtoon onployooot oftoo tho aot'vao potted. coo bo ootod in tho following toblo. ##4— 13‘ #_“ 1_ oBConggogglonnl Reoord.LXIX. p. 10573. ’33- Pcrctnt of prt nonu- producttnly A gmlg ad ya g £898 905 914 9:33 1932 Etna-«fl - - 3155 :25; . '72”; White work: 25;- 38} 8 11 19 33 an» mount - - 31 31 28 19 21’ 1e ctr-pr“. 8 14 8 6 7 11 Goutfut 40 36 36 30 12 B -- 1.9M. 36 19 9 4 ‘- ¢ '- 2‘“orccnt of :11 prtaonon angagtfi In producttw 1339'. u . . o o o a o 75 73 65 .. 61 53 ‘11 'Stato~ano and Public Works at. coahtnoa for 1885 aha 1893. "Eot toportod. Hutu Tabb mama" Itato and ”dual prhouu. mum from W Labor harm. (dapt. 1941). p. 582. 13 It I111 to noted that unto-nu mum: t'm flout 0 in 1885 to $5 In 1940 an. contacting darn-u fu- wfi to. 1885 to o In 1940. In vtov of the fact that u {and nuts]. otatet that It!!! have hrs ponttttu contracting. an nut apparently am. that tho: no not so nod. u the of thtc mu W has tho ngnthlz Labor 3371”. It 1: an worth not“: that tho total who: a! prime" producttvd; upland an all» from 75;; tn 1:” to 0% 1. 1940. 89:. a! thtc It mutton: an to such 1m u the Hun Act. haircut. no that“ "mm that the pri- m population hu tnomud u In. labor «a mat can't 2.. and tutu-.1: to: thicken a: product!" mm. Aw Prim Matte. 19330000900010... “’76‘ 1933-090¢0000IQOI 158.“? lgwootocottvoooo 191.776 ~33- ?ho following tohlo‘ohmo tho ralottvo rtoo to tho population and tho £311 in tho ”gamut. Volvo of smut» Prom 1933 933 £9‘0 1 o ”3.090.900 375-30 “71 35 o 7‘310354 3. Norm who! 0' {I‘IMNto “.751 153.“, 191.776 3o A?” ”o produettvol’ 0391”“. . o o o o 51.799 83.375 83. 515 Indus! 1 o 1%.!) ”00 74.6 2. 100-0 18,0. 226.3 3° 100.0 too.o 151.2 firm floaty LIE: gala. (30p.o {“1}. 9o 56Mo It will ho 30M hon that thou has boon o. “011110 to tho vol» of when pooduotton out o amino to tho who: ohployod. ‘hhtlo tho populotton mm {on 100.0 to 1933 to 187.6 in 1933 and 326.3 to 1946. tho not-on who: prodmttvoly ”played. only turnout fro. 100.0 to 1.923 to 163.! to 1932 out 161.8 tn 15360. so thou hot too. o mum to tho who: mph)“ to prodmtivo 1th.! «I in put to tho anti-prison um proton" thot reaahod ‘o alt-o: to tho poo-ago of tho limo Mt. Tho ohm facto on oloo potatod out In tho “netting mu.” Stotgg g; Prgggnogl ma. Rototononoo stok lilo 5M owl r9919 7% 31 W W W W 5‘5‘. 53.1%‘333; 33 35 . . .o. . log Fodorol 37.0.5" 353'» $3 4'! 5.8 1 B 8 ~ 13 ..4 (Sept. 162I77"" .34- It um to cctod thot thoro to o. any to prtoocoro productively “910104 cod. o. no. to mun-one. cad than u mot. Tho 1am: to lomtlo. tho form» not. It to oottnotod that no ooro than 35,3 would to ma 1:: autonomo- Haunt. bone-m productivo molar-oat to not mum... notatocanco tattoo not to cvorocolgnoto Tho totlot on man 35 and 36 art proocntod oo further (37121336. of tho oxtont at cocyotltton. Rot much vt11 to ”141 about the.” tabloo. In tho {trot ploco. tho ohoolnto emu-chatty between tho tight-co can't to vouched for. “though. tt to toltovod that tho 39m ttomo m included in tho olcoolflootioat for both the when. and prtuto valuations. to tho oocond phat. tho different" bo- tvooa tho prison out privoto nluctlono m to hug. and. tho result- ing poroootogoo of prison production oo coaporod to total producflu to otnuto. that can: occcluotcco would not to mm. It U111 to point“ out that the mufutmro thot hon coco tho not computa- 1% on thooo to which tho prison proancttoa cocoa cloooot to bola; 1‘5 of tho total production (brushes. cloth. comm. fumlturt . otc.). in. 4 to for on Labor to cocoons-i1. tho rooooc that the ohjoctiono bacon oo otmg to tho 1930” to non. to 1932. tho ”route-23o of prtooo promotion to? our: quotod ttoo ozoopt clay yrodnoto root that tho 1923 flaw". mutt unmet tho Incrooood demand for ohoop (coat during tho «pa-cotton om! ohm how prtooc mimtrtoo noun: ooottoco to product and no: tcoroooo thotr production auxin; mach pot-toll ot tho on. tho on organic“ low to pronoun: tho loudoot. -35- 71» Yoko of Frco Induotq'o Production M 122} 1932 g1: 1910 $22 ltd pu‘to. mm, W“ 76,773'000" 33.6119,” 60,309,000 and Wo 01v, Connt out 312,312,169! 333,835,000 {£1,139,000 m product” mm 3.796’528.’.196" 1.797.5118.” 3,325.03,” WM“ 11” With“ 1.255.700.000 h,00h,W0,000 W 36,309,001;t 33,71h,000 $6,686,000 for-tn; 16,630,000,000u 0,398,700,000 5,206,000,000 haunt-o (nod 776,190,839! 297,7”,000 666,552,000 I'd .m)o Iota Prom-to. 97h.3h1,000u not with (too to firth» hrookdcumo in not. Printing on! 2,299,156,000» 1,581,001,” l,h81,055,000 mam. Quorum out _ L: w _ rook mm. M '3‘ ”m 276,MJ,OOOI* 200,128,” ”.6318,” Mot-mu. ‘ ' tutu-o no 5,063,120,000“ 2,630,501,000 3,873,991.,000 produoto. oStotloticd Abotroct of tho 0.8:192h. I435 roooicnoI How}? an, 9. 861:9. $1 I on 0 root 0: tho “oSo, 1’35o I; gnu-nod Rhotuot om" m1. (1939 um) Tho Vdu. of Prison Industry's Production (Industries our $500,000) m 192; g1; 1932 £22 123;; £32 1;. Ilphuntl 3236.765 8572.666 3777.571 I“ m. Bmhu, Brena 1,818,585 1,175,838 1,157,069 and "D”. ‘ ' cm, cm and 1,531,160 722,029 002,069 0 lun- mu. Clot-him 29,156,675 21,8h2,273 7,511,552 mu“ 1”“ 5.077 25.159015) 13.11113, 838 0.41.. 5,5883h7’ ' b.3635”1 ' 33 6311.779 PM 5,531,569 6,120,652 10,h17,h65 rumm- (ma 3,033.0» 1,615,682 2,203,797 ‘ I001). Printing and 330,623 727.800 786,828 hm. * Qua-rune all .......... 887,105 573,237 rook era-hm. amp and obtu- 115.601 ' 135.666 536.785 datum. rum.- and 9,816,890 11,908,259 5,520,621 mu. 1 u um awn} Sally, 1933 . p. 7. i #1357537; Supt. 19m . ,. 599.600. Ag. Ilpllllflt. mm. Brushnl, iron-I Milo”. 01:1, Cunant and Stan. mm. clothing construnttul IVERAGII Tabla A Prilon Production I. I Puronntaao or 100:1.Productionuh $231 .151 2.01 .148! .523: .0371 .3“ .211 . .001“ .0831 .17! 10.38913 .9885! —____.A 'lru-x083 £081.: on plan- 35-35. 122. 1.31 3.31 .183 1.1: 1.91 11.0! .0111 .01: .085 .0671 .181 20.5150 1.565“ .hé“ 1.81 .0951 .22S .331 6.0: .0653 .321 .0” .37. .......o 11010 thet- 1.52. 0511-. ,1 2:21.10, 1:15.115 3.700002811026332 em 101.50: 131.11 in 1""..‘72, ‘br 10m 1‘55 .. ‘T'5:: 5-19 1.13% 2.5.5.11 112.2903. {122118 531W.“- {fit-”73.13 121510311150 15:12.1. 1:19:50 11:01-01 1212152120 in 121.52 11.10.01“ 01? 1:00 1211.12021- ere £10 ““72 003 £011 3:15 -":1.etl=:*0 1:21:01 mm 5.5.1.5101! 12y 1:310 2.5110121110110220 on 0 on 15TH. vat "321-00. 37".”8‘33-‘2113. 15.122131 1.50115 shifts-:1 to 01.3.01- 1.12 1- V1.103 0111.... £23 mintflnfnm 12315.. 13100 .90"1 '30 311010- 511151 8301‘017‘0" for 01103131315: Crista tel-3163:1305: $5.151 1:41:11. In 10:73 '- 3'31“ 2:211 fffl 'mctian (130511211:- 5.5.011 52le of 11101 t} ‘10 £13241 ”0‘55.er 1'11 1‘31“: 1‘3. men 1.0 1.0". 01' 11111111. 021112111, 10511 12;? 1000, it 112:! £23,102: 055105.15 bath 1331?.- 0123 13133 to 8,510 ”of 1. 0 23mm 0M two necems-rzr cart-102555155510 to Em 019-5251522310?! 0:? the E'r:-:00-i‘.zm;:0r Mt. “FM 15.5 the: 3.0311195104151100” 1550,43 1.21:5 01221511 £320 0.10:2; t0 2:7 the 00:11:53 to 1 ”slates-o ..,-.1°1+~t. *mwm “1‘07th 12:10 10712115120 1.15.1. 5.2.12; 121 0501501., 5211 emu-1131511130 t7 0 1.11:"; 1.15:! 29-51% am! 5215.52.11 1101-1 11:11 01550552051011.1021 01‘ 5 110021 15150111110 122‘ 0 0 st.-.0 1:1 ‘5'1021001011 0! 1 0 1:21.50, 012-3. 2:15:20 1515;511:051 1310 1252501111: 0f all 15110025. 300022.010 amine: 1n 1211;15:500-204.: cmmrm. It. $051001”. h, 111% 2.210 traffic at 130 001mm 113' 11355-1512 017-3101119121 0.21.1 1225111110 reefeonsihla. (0:15:10 2:51;. 5* emu-$5., 2.11.151 I77. 011-! 11151 010 11.21.": 15101501.” 5.10150 035.135.2041 1.0 a 15.1.5211 guru-131215.111; '00 the 114*: 1:055:1“0‘1 1.1:...10150253 3.511105 01'! 22115.9- 021..-.1105 5:0 00 1:52: 100,110:- .211221 12.10 01.12.015.153 avert-0:151. 2231'? 853713390ch £6 11. 12151. 0110321 01 1‘21: 1190 01110330131. 105.53.235.19 the 11.12}.- 11.1' 011-53211130- 12:11:10 {-1.0 $3.? :19 t? 0 F155 01‘: 1 {3:15. army-11‘. 10:10 00214101011132. "Tim 31’15'2111’155 112112. "-21: :30 0-00 10‘1“... 1.111:- b“r°’°‘ma 0.0132 ”1131*: 1312118 150500;? 1:30:35 01‘: fl 4511 25.021 2515031151160 1:? 12:17 5:05:21: 1.75151 00211550.); Q n- ' " a. ---""4'01' N323 Of OM me .133201011 I. ‘31,” {51 “0‘50“" a "I ,0 ‘2 0—. 1! ‘33- Silica 5.10“ 221*. 11.501011! in 1336 in $310 E‘cmfindy 1113.31 €522.20 .43 T210 1:111:22 (”W153 1:13.053. ta £01300 121.1 1111111110 3"..‘3111'021‘1 ta crux-1'5? 01 1221311522191 into a 11.1:- 111 £2,101“: 1120 15:19 aim-111m 211-0115220152 015.2 1112.0 0155211 0.210120%. 2:210 052-00 i.2‘*~1.1<*r3 151% Car: jMM: 0012.11. 0. 2 1.55101: 1:510 .1015 -‘-..0.t 1.112 13115.1 1010 11011111552: 001 ”1201-0 12:11 2111:1111 r5:- 5-2-3‘..i011 to 1.211 7‘ 505.1 -501 15.1 1320 15.01.151.21 1.12143 1.12111 19 2:... 2.1111211 1.111. 11:11 1111151 1.1122011 19 «a- 7021:: @210 11111215111211 002.1111“: 01' 12120501001121? 11-73mm 0.1.111 21:20 0 3011:501- 1.1121113251115111 <12? 315130.001 3'50'5mr to 1310 0120.100. T2710 155.7012?) 115.0511 101-0111311th $22.11 11 100211.110 10.111101111131021 <2: 111511003 £11112 :1 810.0 in 0121112111011 :51" 11.11 1.2511 01.1. 11:0 1.10010}: 5‘30 1.210. 121511111120 31150 1151:1011 01111 210150 11:21: to 1.2211 110.11 111‘ 35251-125011 311151120151 11113. 01‘.” 1212111510 $221-$215: 1111.21 of 01-21120“. 2:! th the 1.5.5.111, 1:25.15 1.1101110? 0151101512.]. (31115110) 0111011 in. 19413 23.12% 300151011 372200210213 11:13.9 £01- tha 1.7. 1:013. . 1.1.10" at 1:511 ‘- 153.001. '2“::.’¢-10210 150,211.11 1.50 ”navy-110100 11511211510121.1111 000021-00 1015155113 2.521.111.1221: 1210.13.11 £11 01.11.10 02 $00,005.13. :10}. 11131111. 1 ”11112200 “1.201.115, 1152720 215120121“: to $2119 1110100 1.3111 1139". {39:3 0031000000 “51:01“, 1-31? 2:1 51:0 31.11.1017 wart}: ""3 Gm. C430 005-5151 not 10 1.10510 21 10 52113101: Em 125001- 021 5215212.?mwhtfi‘5 “£2211 ram 5* 5.1112111 3201-3300106. 0 ”100$ 11015513100 £0251 1210 00015.2ch “ 01" 100‘55‘0091 02103512501100 nag-311151421 9.1.1 195““ .-. 2151.1. 1205!:111122100 at $10" .1 111111011 15.211 £22051 3.03.3.013112211 0t Sift-1:- 1131111021. .101 thin-7:0 11.22 0:25.101. 0103.51.03 01013.1, 17.021131110311011 1:13: :00, 1115;210:0120, 310030021 139211.21, f5‘2t15210 05.13.00,. 01.1.1000; 121112111112, 12.5.2210 015111.120, £12.22: 10.120. 012.751.151.11 0.11111, 10121115051. 101.10 01111 111011 00.11 1.11100 1.20m 301111210013... 3-:.a5.-mr. it 1.1.5.55 120 11171.00 that own in 1....11 <1 1751‘; ‘1. 71310731151011 123.12.111.11 0502211213; 1? 213.1 blast 6.1222. 1. :11 11012-011 $012.15? .14 n _ __ .._ A . . ... A __-__._.__.. M « 4- 4— usfiru :fi'hnu'p Y ‘ *5)" ’11-: D" ‘ .4" .Li . CF - 11".}. UQt. T102?” 3. (an: LJ)U‘ . a ‘. ‘ '4 ..' ' . ' “. "Sfit! :'5v~ 9 519115.11.- 2-: 711212.21- "GI". .1: 050%" 5.5".“ 5:1 ‘03 A ’d 1;); 5‘5: 1:. 1031}, E. 1?. ~353- no 11:31.1 to 1.1111. 1113:1110 for L111 Trim?) 10.1351,t:;11 1.01:1 0‘31. ‘11: from 1.131}; £111“... 3an £11" 11111:? 1.11 1"? '5 11.111 0.11.21? 121.71)" if. 113.1133? 1.: 517111139 1.14;?- f‘e111,1121’1¢'—;143 121.111.21.210 4.3: 1 111.111‘1‘1 01.3.51? in 1.11.111 10 or 3 031m- "0' 27m afiwr 11117333111111 to 1.1m 1311111111111011 033' 1.1.1113 ;.—..:‘.<. 111 .11.: 11‘ a. raw vim.- 0:? 1.2111 111111.13 111.19 rr.-.1:.1L1.11113 1.11:3 (11:13.09 of 311‘. 11-1221 311111111219. tint the 1111111111116 of 1137.11 rad 11.40::- 131115 fez-2.1. 1.11 1.2111 £125.33 19.71123111136: 9.23:1 11511131.? 1:5 dammed 1 ’11:“: 011-9 0131 - ”M11. 1:11.12113 mar-73.01 15141111111111 to 13.11131111911 110.3113 M 911.31.11.21! 11111 9:21. 1.:- rergmfi 1311‘. 211111111 word for 1111111 in 1.2311 511113111111 13;? 11111 9.111.111 111-111: 31:02:11.1 1.11:1“: 111:: 911.113 03 1 15.1303 ‘r m- .1113 an 13..» 1:10:01: 1131111111. 1.1.1 1—111]. my (EJ121110. 110m 11% to the: ammunon 111? 11111915 14-1111. 7.711? 1.21:: ham 1 W‘wrmn, tree 1“ 11111 3.1:! 11 1.111112%? 11111? 1:36 115211113. fits-.1211 113' $1111.13. 01' than «£31 11111111111. 11:23.3: may 1111 1111;11:332-111.}. 1.13.0105}. to cyan 1111,5291 8:13.631 11:13.1 ‘34 11.1101: 0. 111:1 22.1.332201. :‘u 11"? 11 1:11.11 1211 11111". .3100? that a cart—1.1.3.11 111331119 0:” c'r’?.;—11n.2‘..z1:~“a 11.1 "$111821... “'1" .111 1'11 312133151413 11:11:11 6111111123. {.010 c.3111 0.101101? 1m 1111 1.13%. .1113; "11.2131: 1.", 51.1.1131: me Open in ..1‘,;‘1.:11::.:‘; ”11:112....11 1;" 12 111:1 :11 3701.21.21... 3111;111:1213 83311111711131, m cm cm #1171 o 11:11 fm 111.111.131.311 1-'—23a:-.‘ 1:314. 19.1119th :s‘n will " to 4.1211 1.1361 in than 1111—5111:: is (15.111.13.111 0;:1-‘11 12—111.;111 111111111. (gm: ::.:-_.;;,_3.113 1111' 1:11.111: $21111. era 1.13.11.11.11 in table 3.) It. 1-5111 he 21311111 1.1.1.1. 12.111. 11.1143 0:? pro-3.1111121 1.711.111 11:47 1:11 1.0111 :11!!! 13mm £53m yrofiucta 1-211? mt. 1212:2111: that 1111:1113. 12111 0115111211111 141 cam—civilly 111316111113 L 1‘ 2. 111111.111 3.11.1309 at 11.211313011111111 1:11.21 1.11:1 13221113111113 of 3311211131: ism naming-1.3.1. 11:31:11.1. or 311‘113123113 11:11.13 befam 1’3??? 121 the cam {11‘ 2.611% _... _. ._ —_A‘ A.— _.‘ __‘. R .— A- ..— A- _.L _.._. ‘-—- *‘ ww—w—v *7. Ari-an: Ciliforniu colowudo Ilaridn Giorgia Ian: Illinoio Kentucky Ibuaanhnlo‘to luryinn‘ Niobium: 11W lieutlnl lobrldkn i0: _ ‘flIIVIork ‘lowtb Carolina Ohio Grasp: Inked. Iiland fill- Btdh ‘flbot‘vmrcunic ‘litnanafln fabll B clocod.to upon.lnrkoto crocps to such product. an In. ounnptod. surplnl crap. auto, rook, h-Ip goods, .2. and uni-n1 products closed sugar can. closed cloaod oloaod cloned Cloned vngetdblo, livuotock, («rout sad cg. product. pur- livuctook, twin! 11-h, cot$an Ind oottan Iced hid-o, and tannin. tar-rouppliol ‘3! anohinory’ clan-d clan-d cannon, corn, grain, 8;. NM“, Md, m crulhodxrodk £13: 010004 ole-ca closed good. Ind. hotbro 1939 (can anohtnnty, raps, tutu. Connootiaut null-Ir. IAaho Indiana. Inna:- Louisiana Iain. flinnnooia lillourt florid: in! Jcroqy New loxioo Earth nlkcia Oklnhuln Punnnylvnniu south carolta. 'O!%hxnlkfl‘l faunas-o. Vic-nut Vlrjintl Itchingiun ‘Ibut‘V1r31n1a no tobaccO»nanuraotur1n¢ at anything teaching th. ill-n loath painting and rapuirinzlur rcfiniahing'autoa no unreal book. or deck: cold “0 annual- no coal to Itato only “gamma if I So 0%.}. col: 5% load corn.tor‘ng. purpoocl, printingzproduot! to Itato Juno 1-»Jhnuany'1 allolui «‘23.. 131m? 15 mt atmm as tfiwse $33.99. .223- ffi'if'lfxily fismim: or azim- .1sz atmm. {3.3m f.s;».z~mm. of fig’.t"t‘t€3. wg he or_::_;:*«:. runs} in fight. the 51.53.1525 of “Liv-no gramme on tm mstzms but. may we: seamen as offactimw crannisefl m: hawk-1:1 labor. .-’:.l'co. tim rmhfia that are cold am 0.53 a min. 0:? {amt ”90:152th ‘39 the: fame? moi"; as twine-fa, mnfixfmnrg, 32mm bmrfli 15. mat/act: rmfi 33:333., 30 has rill mum to air: from the: 1mm? :rriwa. £3 V3.11- 114:! mated in 133353 trthla, than?!) art! 9 Etna-'23 tE-mt mjmye?: to aim afimaluta gxmtnotfinn ta frfio enmtaflm an no 92:03: 22.10% we was. If om 2:1 59355:: M be rub-graham? ac. :mffiafla. the: rest. valid we to ‘m niamifiw! :23 giving: en‘fifiwomctim, but 22.0 rag-.1 timmt to org-22:15. ma labor Mir-m mfimnnt fmt‘a "tiara rri 9cm Lt-“imr in my of $3.5639 lat. ter Gtataa elm t9 the nature» of him pmfumta that my be mom on the mzxzxgcat. As with that Mama fami-fifiin-i‘: wen mfiet 23:53.93, that state»; um alien: it also mm Lima-lamama. but in than-a c3393.. the encam— tiom imitate are my mt be: salt} on the oxen mfi.3'?:fit. (fine 2131,15 C) It 1:.) belie-v36: that. theme ezsmgtiimm reflex watt-mt asmmtcly the fizz-om: 1’2:sz 1:21:03- cmfi “22"”:th itxtvawatm in 1316-2-12 rm'fectiw Mafia-a. For attrwf‘rle, Kirby-m. F1" 333% am: I‘vmwrlvafla {erbid the min: of (bx-.1 m: the market um eh vnuld 139 (swaétcd. 11mm Mama 9mm to allm wan mfimt 3.2.3.535 m t‘E-zont, restric- times... S‘Zwm em Mat-nu aim-n labor in 1995; g'xoemfifgl. In 1m mat. of the: Emma in 131% WWW the ymFurita that am not filmed to 'ba said am thaw: that. mafia dcfini Ely muffin at with mflmfi labor and nest ha rnww was; that r‘roamcem of £3923 yro$mtm 2.3 (.2221 12.22.131.129 £121.21 22 :22 t 213 t...‘ -1121: 2‘2: .2 12.11.2211 0;...11 23...... t £23.63 13.123 111115;»;‘1'123. £21.11 6221022121221 1121» 2.22.0910 11.21.1111. 2.2 1"... t 113 tn‘mnr 01- 1-11 1111:1112 m1. 121115.212 3.1120 112112211113 111:: 1323.33 13111321312 11:" 1211163222116. 3212 .212 112.21.11.11 121222211 13; 611:..1-1.“"..Gt 11:22:31: 1.22 2.3.3 12-1.. 132.2 (21201221 12v .2: 1:11; 12:22 1:12 1111112 we 22201112 111:1. 1:112:32 (232222302 1.22.121 2221111 1212112: 5.11 a. 11.21.121211‘111'2 1.1.111 1311?. 1232‘ 619111211 111 11221109 .2: 2.22- 1111 11:32:24.1: 1..., 1.216211 6.1213 mi‘aubmfily 12001211 21111211 32:. f 222-12021 1:13-11:- 33:21 131212222231 193.1 21 21-1111 1112.11.12. 2:111: 113. 211212 1.12.1111- 13 1213: 21mm: mom-:21 1.0 £0101: 1.2.1112 112‘: 1a 0.2-2 2210 121112222 .1, 0': 122.110 1.3211 121.122.513.112. 39 1102 11111201111 132-1113117121 to 110121-37 121111-11. my 1211211 1221: 12.11.21.213: 1: 1111mm 1111022“ to 1191232111119 a 2' 11113 2222111112 11: 1.1.2110? £122.12 222112: 2.1.2.012 is: 122211115" 132294711 1112 232221: .1211621‘111111. 321792181122 {.9 231111: on 23111 121221.11 11-11;, 1111]. 221311111 9:.an- 1.20.111 211:1 111112321111 “311211 11:11.1 2.11 $2211 112112129 222.11% 1.111011 Q2011 1191:2212 112111111. {.111}; tmlm stat-1211 111111121021 2.13.1 cow-1.211.122..- are 3.112.135.1113 of 12211111112132” 321312111122, 211 211mm 022,1er 112.122.1211, 221122-11 is: m avg-431222113 1.112122202111212.“ it 1332' 2111 11112:- 11:12 1'1 221:2 '21:..1'1'2213 11. 11-221: 31203.;1‘1.2221-.3 it. 21 1.1011112 he 1:. 7.2.11 11111.12 1-... 2121 :23 22.1.: 3 11111211 3.111221112222121; 1m: 31:11.11 m.;-:~o2231223.a £11: ”Egg-112211111 22211 (11222111231121 ta 11212:“. 1213 3212 32.21.2231)... 111111111 Tali-Mm 213113-3132 5112112132 11-41-1111 12;:2‘212‘ 2.1.1.1111 .11 1:121 i1‘2‘.2'r.2.-f".=.1r-1 11702.12?! 1.1.9120 no 1211:2111 ta emirafi 1.1 3111 0.312.121.1211 1m .2122: 121313711 on 12111 0311212121“. 2.112. (.2 1-311: (31.12.21: 233 12.3.2292. ”r1133“ 011122121221: 1:: 1312'. 23.1.1211 2...): 21221111113123 to 112.113 11:) 12211.21‘21911 211111. 2113211211. 11.112115 (13:22- tmmim to 20.21.18 2:11. 1.1' (1.112. 1111 121226 1..-..3. .- 1.21:... .-...1:22:1 1113.013: 112-111 111.111.111.11 12;": 2112.1 for c.1111; 31212211112 512112 11112111111113 11:11.. 222.2211 111.1211. 1111112211 22111 inca- price 1212211211111 1.1211221: 232111 3:11:21 Eaflfiifl 1122-212: 32-131 1:011 _..-an. 1.... .1. _.. - .- _. . AgA A ‘ f: 03:11.. 101., 12111.. (0111? 'ow’zi‘zotv'e 1W1n..w~m). ’. 31:111. 2111?... .1“. i“"‘.. 4.1.1.130. if“??? gilt. 3‘13... ‘51:..1f. 423230131112... f’fbo. “135... 91111.1. (I‘i:-m—;:rice 1:21:11: 111 1:121:22 111* .33: : 151::13-1 r1: :1 35.1221 1 11:1 1.21: 11.21.512.12:- 91-11115 ’15.:1112‘51115: 121:: my ””154 :35.) It. 1511:“: 1.: 26:11:21 125.11% 1:: 11:11:: (11" mm 2: 31.511.11.12 5.er% (15111325 (3‘8 ...m55 15.5 “msflzm. 5:11. h 1.21:: 3011111113.: 5:25:16.” «111 (11321511-: 11:1, 11.511 6:55:21“ 5:151 1:1" :11: cvrrte: 11141:: 1:15: 2:: to 3:15 5311951122.. 211: .9113. ~.o...:~1' 55.1111. 255:““5”11.~ 0:251:15'19115 5' 15-5 1131: 1. 5.1125153 (1:115. (91:11:: is 111011.161, 5.11.2: (mt: emqgmon (3115515111). .215: am no 21*; 3102.11.11 115.1112. (75.111.211.122. 11:2:2 e. 13%5“..6«11813 15:11 1:11:11 11:15- 5151 t 1: t 1?. c.0131 1:4: 12.21.1111? "52:111.) 81‘ 30:11.19. it 1:: airfimm 1‘: 1.5% “um. 1:05.: 5.51 c.011- trsact 55-11-2151 2.533015. 1:112:11: 1:111 1551112113: 1:12 11:: med. for a 31:121..an 15.5.: 15051:: 1 1225:: 111.11% '11:: a. 1111:1222 1:11.21: Lfcr 1115: moi: a: 1n the $11,112; wimm 1.21:1 61.1119 1: 13:13 0:11;? “55.: .m'wr, dim. tn‘ .2 19 :5 311%}... 11011 of 21:1: 1': 115312111 11:32.13. :11: max-21:1 111:: 11:11:95 11.131.59.117: 210111215111:- 1:115:19 11.15:: 1.3.1:: e...t:s:1 550*:11‘112 0151111213.:twt 11:11:19 with 1319 9111211; 171 cm of.“ 3.7015111 13:21:21 131:... 322.1 :1 Mat-e f 015211. :11: 11:3:11'2 mat-mt 32.5.3111 ' 1:15.11 ti .112 19:11:: ta 1....211 1’11: (1051:3111? (21:11:12: 2:11:13. 51533 e505» .to .1121 {22:11:11.1 1:51.15. 131.1 .3303: man be 2133.?- to 2.2.1:: 51:11:33.1: 151513-011 32:03:16“: to 1:1: :2: 11:51:16 in from of." 1511' 112.121.. 13 a. 91.21121 1:117:19— £2; 3...? 12:13.93." £111"?! “1515011 1111113111413 11;: (1011121.:11111‘2, than may 31.510 1.1;. w: to 1511:5751 1 1.11:: 23:13.5 {13 ‘11::13130-23111313 0:1 13111551....3111. 3311:1159 5.39:1: 1:) 1m 05.5 3.3g 1'19 1:151:29 11:21.2 :gmciflmlly 15.13.01: 127-16 fitmapacmamt 13:11:15.1 {12.113.111.511 91.5.411‘nmmawa). ’11:) 333015 121:1 3.21922212- 32151512 5:51:52“. 21:: 31115515111133?“ . ,. 3:15:25 ( imastn m1 Emmaimmtta.) Graftofl, tit-.1112: 5.53. 13.5.2319 mam to 1:511:11 1 2.11.112: E's-2511211111: first 5:29. ’2‘31‘: 1:111:11 211111121213 1:: .3195 1.11.5: 1:51:12 .1111 late-13% 1115317 01’ 511057-111: 64211331331221! 1x21110111: 96.21:: 151:5 11:11:} .9112: 11:." 17:11.1 17:11:15.1: 11:11:12 in 2:33:23! to $3333.43? 1:13.933;- 33 by mnwntmtiim on (222:2 3230332258 far a 1:23:39 M, .3333“?! 93.122322333332353: 2:323:22 3:313:22223. 22:21:52.3: 33,103.13 .2212: 3:331 {3.233.232.2331 222:3}. to 22: £303.23 tn 0 3320? 33.2.3322, .3213:er 3.11:2”! 3 1:3 3.2323. 233.222. 3.32:! “23.23.23.335. .3323 310322153335, 3 :3. «3 ~222,. 323+: 3.3., .22 23.323.323.13” 22:35.1 2.333203% 33:15:23.2 322.33.332an “v.13. .333 11' 6:33.334. 33.33 335-4313?! €13,323:- 333242333 the: 33.2333233-22-332 3333132 of 33303333333231 3:: (2:10 32:33.03 2213‘ c302...-'33.m_: 23:31:21 the r6323: 2.23:3 32.2.3313: 3'31- ‘Winm 3 m 22:22.: by $153322: :3: :22; 22mm 323-2333333133 mgzmmtisn 2.33. 3.33 @2222 02.32am. ta 350mm 021933 r0233: 2:23 that. the (22.2mm mad. 233.1 of the.» 1:32.233: 3.22.333 2223:2122“ 322333.13 allow mama-.26. 3:13: 3" 0.33331 42:29:23 3-3333 31.1223. In 32.2.2222: a 22:22: {.2 2.32m 19 :23. 69:23::- .210 3233:3233 ta 2333;323:231 the: . ....22223: in 2:33:32 that M £233: 1:: .33 3329.232323]. to £23322 1:23am. 321’ .129 32121222 5 3:23:39 333% {9233133 Mafia-Inna, 3393.22.13.93» .2233. 2:122: £13.02: 033221 3233.32.22: 23:21:25, 22.333323: 2:1?3 2.2.32 3.: 2m “filmy. to 23:32:30 22:212- mm 333233222: 2.22: {2.3331 2333233333313: 31' r. 333 3:2me that 22:3! ammu- fm 232m 3.. ”3331.33.86 0... 3223122923 3339:2229”: Luhellm is m3 1:021 in 10 113.33.233.13 2203-. 2:13:32 new! 120 522.121 3.220213 this. if 3:": mm mm :30 0 24m "22.23.34. 22:31:22: 23...: 321:: may 3331-3334233: are 22:: at: 33:: 3.2233333323333322... 32:32:32 122 no mm: far 3.22:2 1:322:13. 13' 0:33:21: 22:31:33 3223122: :23: gamma. 13.2322221233; give-.222 £229 32225323: a. (31232329 to die-- crimame 3232232232 333222022 3313232th 3.23: 13:: :20 2:333:22332. war at: 3.22: for“: 12123113: 2.2.39 03’ 333132021 1.32:2:- on tsfi’wo: 9.32:2 11m 223.33.033.33: when #2:: 22:34.3 of 222113.96.- 1.32302 13 13325323393372.2211: three 0:? 333233533: 33:12:32: am V392”! rm 2m in hiuflag dam-:2" agmt am! canny-Janu- 33021, 31mm 9332:3222 3:) 130 :30 2333352023 2:21;: 32233339113330! 333033122 not be 321102-2333. 33: 2.2323223 :02": 3.2132229 22 3313.6 3130 333‘s. 339932.39 a? 33m mafi acti- vity 3.2.22. 23.3: 51222123, 3229322 2:22 2-1-1 22333223422113 ta (2533323113222: 2332 2: 33m ‘44— . A -. _..: M3. “ .- A. . “A _M G.“- . _ ‘ I ; ,-. . _ 1 $ ‘fidfwlgaf 0. 1333733.. 23:11:13.3. 3 it! 339.. Eimat 3.4330. $0373.. {Tr-933039 '19wa tv’ét'ch. 5%“332‘3‘3” 13.3.2232”. ., 13.333223" 3?: 31.. ~64..— 1:366:- but 1165.612: am 62' 1116 $161216 6! 6 1611211 6 32.612.22.226 612.666 the: 12:12- 22611666 666.121 '66 {3.16623 6. 62‘22266 1362‘61'..6‘6 6'3 #11023. 162212... .6166. this .16 6 £1616. of 1621.22.16.23 1:12.61 26623.1 “WWW 6 662:2 £66 6 5612 122.2% 12.1.? 2.2. “be 6.117116 to 16.12.22 621366 Win: .261. 2:61:16 you 222622.11 66::263815 to £1261 1122.116 6221.226 222.62.62.66 61‘ ma 6:, wfi‘flfl 16 2:22;: o: .6 322-1666 121.212.16.122; 12.2. the 6122.666 361222211116“: 63:266. 2‘1 2.2.2.16 622-60 of 1129 “10"” 626.11- :61 8651:1623. only 1126 of {£26.66 66 1122211. 6.16666 13122.66 1131116 66 mo 16216616166.m 1.1266 6 6125.2 ‘66 16611166 63366 'L.“ :66 6 2.3.66 . 6 1122.16 16 62.216212232166113 222122666 66 112.6 61:22.6 6:? the 11117;..831’3' 12:9" 1‘. {6,-13‘31161‘ 66. 1215.66 12'. 26 $6.16 116612 (121:1 1166. 626 1.1.6 61-2226:- 322266.. 6666 1126.11 6662.6 6621. 62.2.1216 1.6 6:266 61.22166 66 6.6 to 2:22.226— vcmz 66:12.26 6666266661166 16 666 3.166 61‘ 3661661166 12: 261-6117;: 21662.63 £69 16267 6 722626621 on 1616.22.16 3.2712266 66:?! 126166122522. 116222262622, 62.2.6112 112.2116 «62:66.1 on 12.126 626.6221 61’ ”1266 1621661122.; in 1126 6122.216 622662261622; the: 1:166. 61' 226666 12:16.: 16 M13123 2:62:16 by 1226 6.266216. 63.66. 11’ 616166- 2.1662 666 121.6613 :62-26116621. 62221662213961.1226 in 666 £16121 26621123. '66. 3261- 26. 6661216. 5223.21.16 22.21.2623 26. 6:216:62 6622 611622623. 1.16 6666 £666 69 6.661216:- in 611 616.6622. {32f 6122666 1.32.16 16 622611161- 66666:- 16 11-26 E’fiam 1(13301‘ 32661311.. 116:6?66', it 16 mt 2261' 16.2.6 2.16.1.6 6632661613.: 12: 11.2.6 66616 ‘61261‘6-6211-2166: 662.1: 1612': 1266611216 1:26 3.66! 1262.166. {31 112.6- {.721 612.1229 12.166211266121111 (221621 66:22:61 66.3.63 1:} 611 Tim: 6 £66 6;.66611621 11.6126, 661;! 16 122.266 2.2126: 661.11 ‘66 663.1621 60266116627 61666-2666 16.16. ‘ 6:166... ”1.2.26 61116: 1.6 12:266- 6626;221:1661? 162m “but 6:21;; 1‘6:- 632663.116 116226 6.2262. 66 62.2.2.6 1:12.236. 66:22.21 61:22.26. 03.61.123.226. 13221222.: or 612632.26. 2.226116 1.12.22 6:66 22.26226 66 66222116622232 666 1.622 61 63.1.34 L- A... --—-— MflAMAA‘ “4“; “A...“ 4......- Vi A .. -- A 2- ‘“ “2" T ":6. "~ uiki t. nib-50¢. 42-- 1.1" 2 -~ 5330' '~ 3'3». no ”‘61.. v ‘2 be. 32.36.. 2.3.1 .. '23:“). 6.1.1.. '3???'-"‘.§. fig?! “25"" 1 . p: y ‘- 14 . 1 ' “‘2‘. 10" ff'rio.. ZO'YQ. ,5f‘ffit.. 1.3.9.3.. .Q?§t.. E3 .61.. {wmn3 “£53. £613. 1-4157» 11917.9 9.73 1.1719 9179179 1!! 9119.199 11.27.7179 99.17.7211 91.77.9999 99 "91.7.1911 7717:7’271‘ 22:71- 99:71 37.179117727171919" , “9:17:11 1917-37.. .971 9997-9771777 .1" "11' 1:37:92? 1.79.191. 91:13:15,179... :7. 1.17.1179 9.17111 99 £927 17:. 9391911193919". my 91-" 1.1711179; 99.3.3.1 139 1.399991 1.: 1197; 3.171311. 1:? .9 $1.919 f 92.71.12.715 0":7-9-1'1 n17.37179t 1711:2199. 1%. 8:11-1:13 37737991519 for 97:77:71993: 2.7.1.717: 41:7 ‘- 1.112997. 91' 11119 3971999 17299719. 9.11:1 11:1: 4.71.71.91.71»: 5.9 19:77:71, 11131177 11:71:17.1 99:79 1:99:19 1719911913: '32:: 1119 99:71:19. 71713.19 11715.9 1.1.1.99 992:9 11117779177711.7121 97.7.77 1-2;; 1:71:12: 1.21:: 77977177 1:291:71: 1321‘ 177777771, 1t 7.1799 '19 1.1.1119 19 1:172’137112‘31 5.2.7.11. :19 (79777 Eta 1.1.7.9 1:119:19. :9 91:9 7.7717171: 17.9- 91171.99 £219: 9 9:79 27.19 27.713171791911927 J.‘ - 17199:: 57:99:19. It 7.79.991: 129 17-91317-911 q 9.71%. that 1.7.1:: 911129 $9711 91:11.29 .1: 7:1“, 17:9 2792.71.31.11'1-1912119-999 2.2271179 ’5 92.79 ”1.9:: .. 13799.. 1. ‘ 9:77.17... 31199.. 219.6... 91:11.. (37177711. £22.}. 9..- 71....1199 9:179 " 7 -, , - .u ‘- V. «q '90- . 's . Ir. .7" 1991:1191. 1.79 9:719:19 1.1739279 r9111 1.179.771. 172-17727" 7.17.1917 _.11; 11173 1.7:: 7.7: 921.1 79911.9 3~z79§09t9 9131.23.11 7.39 matimmfl. 913-31111 13‘3“ 1 'iBW‘i'. 5353713 ”7'3? “7119’” 91119711.99’777 .1211 9171;119:1791-2719: 91‘ 1'19 197791.99 7.319 3. 9.9.2.7 92791191. 11‘ 90. 777177.... 1.17719 13:291.: 9:? 9. state-7.1.7.7: . 19:9 19 1999 12117917191711 1177.71.11 in 1171999 9191.99 ti 1177‘ #7717“ 1777-7977713 an 7?. :9 9771. 3.7.1.97: 7-9534 1.9 93390145) the: 11111.7;832'11’31 3;: 27717111119129 €317.71. 9:79 37127779199913. 1.171319. 1.1719 172171992719. 1399:: 971119999 99 13.2.9 999.9 “1797797711171 3.21 17.17.19 9171.77 3:21.917. 19.7.1119 9.7.19 ta 1397: 99.711771113737171 1171:7111 99771911‘17117. .191; 27999. 73;731:7931 117772719937 9.7.1.173 117799 1:13:92 3.917.173. 9:! 94117719 :19 .19 9917111171919 1191199911. 17:9 9119 91.11 29:11.:‘9 1.2719 17:199. 12:11-11 9977.971-.1r-.....199 of 12.19 939:79111199 19 19919911791319 9.771171 92711191151"? 11. 7 7.11.7.1 1.9.1779“ 3.: 1171977: 97:71. 19:31.19139. 11:11.9:927, this ammutr 2.15.9111 1.9: 9 not 2.2.? to 2:0 1171"W_47"97M.119‘ 11711919 9:19 11mm 1.17.9 11.99 137771.779 3:. 19.71117: -19 997.: .1317: 1377:1191: 9.7.7111 99999171927915.9171 7112.71.23 5.1:. 57.7.31. :1. 7‘ .17. 7:17.171”. 27:77:11.1. ‘99 11.919177917111. 7'1193 991:7: $2791.92. 97:: 1.21.917. Hiram: 1.9 17.9 9777791197179 f1: 7777.91 137.9 £17777 7.1799 9.1.9.1. 1.7171179 1979.: .911t9173. on 7.77 7:99 5-6 19 3.9 11729 9929.27.77.79 1:177‘WJ 13 t 97:99 1:97:79 "'1“ “7'7”” 1:117:19 ~25— a 13m minim you 33391: tE-m GSWOSitifi-n of tin!» 13mm Emir,» am 93.11: mrpfi m3, £123 1&1er wrgqvly data.- E’mtmr. the: mafiaatizm 6:? Fri 12cm :Sm-fimtfi by; cmrfnvzi cad labor. 8.2%} 37:52.. «W'fit 19- 2mm #0 Mam ecu arm (36353;. r.+‘"3":3;s3 M72339 9? acticm 9mm to ”ha ta tum iris-rm imam-trim 112% 13.32% 11:? r‘sre‘iuatien Lam 033mm 121031 $33.11 be this lmact. $701“!!! 2.3113. Em tan-{:13 3‘!“f§7331?3.t1~f: $1115 2501 at 2.11 1333:) 3? 33.101.13.33 dxz:::t€3‘m. e Part III «43» 12-11:. rd. "3- aarctt 1:337:06 in that: 1704100: 137?: of £3143: m1: 730:3: ”7:11:11: Cgfls'zlac' "-0.21 021.01%: m: . .13: “4?, 1.31:3, "0r:‘;.'-.115.'“1-1 minat‘itlaa 1.3.11 east-:0 arm-3:111: .0 ;_-:*i:'m '1132131310: 15210 0:14.: ;,:0:'.1' 1:11;: 12111111111213 infirm-ct :1 (9517:1000 5:10-19:10: ..:1 1121.1; 1:31:35? 011 111-113.: cm.- :;~:~o-’i1133%: 21.20- r'm 0111?: 1*“wa 0'12: 01:01: my: to tit-.0 111.117.31.10 1x1313a1m".r‘ .. mt (1'11 it t 1-t of? Eve-'1‘! 1:53: 2111:! mm: 1.1"111: 3310:: "3.11 Ell-1133 Gig-0.50 mic-.121 1:171:30, eqjtnclczll;! in $1110.25 of ficj'vmaizzn. 931203113113, :43 :10: t. 12.": to ‘07:: :3 3.:- 00' wit-101:1 :1: a W "1"sz :23 Efrfl 1:11:11. In A‘Ju - .-. - .5 ‘1. .q' 1-24 1:11.11: 5:11.";inkm. :2. f .11 117-211 313-1710. W 00:: 13310:? 10-11110 1:: .3111 he trail-33:14.11 5221:! mm CO;?‘.:.‘77'_U.:f'§.‘-3.1'7Z‘szfl'1 1:1 rat's-13.0 to L113 0017-1": 3135.011 an": it: nir‘mé'mt -021. 17:91-10 calm-'3'? 31:11:13. 3:11.113. 4:31;»: 9131002.-..»1 0:1 in 0.1:: 0:011 00:1 0210 51011:. of 32r0~':-.r 0:...111 3.: 11:1- 02:12: .210 11.1131 :10 «10:11:13 tumfi‘ul £01? 6:11.011; r1110.- Zt hm also 11:11:13 nr-:~;:.i:~r:rt:‘i flat-fl shnr‘w ma 3=t:*:3="=u¢tica C 1-3 021:: mar-:1: 0! chins: c1310.; <11? £12111. Simmwr, Just him: 5:101! 13 £11.15 11.1.... :1? 3.2330210 03:: «:00 12:: .3111: 1101.110»: 13 10::- :‘géjfzzmt than 11.3.2.1. 3.3? s. r043. Gym-03:: of :23 .; tea-11:10 Lat-:1 an» 11;? . 1.310 1:1-41-12‘1;.:r.1 of all $1.0 {20"J'ti'.‘z‘r;mm; 11:11:31? ”u. 1:: o 0:: turf-:3.” 02. 311:3'0- 1... 6113172 1.111111 2111310 5: égcific-fl affect on 3.31:: 111-3111112000 120115.12 to the {:00 0:310:11 be.-.;.1..a the moo-‘9: 1:013:31 1:: “Wm: :30 1 f: A 123.141 :11“ :0: .1: 2::- the: t 1: :1 fm 3-1-1111: cell-'1- r313. '1’<;'-';.~;r 9.00.1: 0110 mi 7:21: wage-M. a. 11-17:. :1 rim-21.1 yum: 1211011113“ ‘iXOT’: 0 ww’mh 11,03. 0'": 211.1-.mJin c.1110. .‘1.1rtl'n ., nfirtizingf; 121.11%..- :1 f; 1:110:10: fizz-<13 Tra*ffi.-‘03 3501031134121 mr':_:n:.1.€-S.on 1:1 11 free 13kg:- If 31:: n3 .mrs :1" 0m 0:11. 3.11:; 1:: 1103-1111102 :1 “firm" 31-11110:- 0; a 111.). if fizsroziza 1:?! £210 3‘32“. 1031. 7113 1:1 trf'tiWit 2.3.1:: 3:15:12!) 031‘ $110: 1330?: ‘A— M M ._ _* _‘__ um _..-_.- 7‘ W T— —. f” " 9: 1 1.. q .2“, . ."t 1 . - o i- W." - -" - '-' .." 1m , .- ~Q11fir$ . .-v.*1r.‘="‘~.-"‘.3I‘1 ‘- '3‘ ('n “' ' 1 in“, ) t. a ...L« v a ' _I . _ _Q ”oi-"W" 3”}. “M13“.- a**-“ -M ,‘- T ’ . saile' 1‘ {3,-— A la. .- v 1.1.1. . r4240. 4%}. ~48- It twat 110% ha barf-119d from anything flat has beam Raid 1:! this pap-9r regal-«11:13 state-use. that the author behaves that ha afiafbion of this plan will b» the pork—ct answer for time wmgatiiim grail-ma. '56:»: gunman“ tar-1:2: are one of tho largest buyers of 612.72.315.33 ma labor. Come neatly. any mvmant mew from free products to ‘_:=.:"=:.":actl Milo by prison la‘cnr will b. felt by frag in'iuntry. Yer-r3 £3139. it.» murmur were smaller and. more isalatod units and whether or nut may howit on the mafia” or from tin prison: was relatively muss-ar- tsmt. “many. summing they buy from the prism. will cause am unread on fro. mum. Bot-Jenn it is still maintained that sax-.13 itzms mat 'bo "served for prison pmziuctian. ‘éo mi much-is thai sofas commtition is inevitable um... ‘33 revert to solitary canflmmnt for omh man. The problem is: 31:11.: to mininieo rang-:notition and Nata-vase or night—use new. to m $333 but method: yet devised. Mate-nu mice: for diversificmtism of Jab; and proviéns different ojportnnitiu {or training. 13130. in pre- mnu concentration in one industry. M van mintsd out bofma'a. Mateo-nus ton-3.. to concentrate in one inxluatry and reutriufia 5o?) tr:~.ining apnortmitiaa to a for industries. in this one arm era gnawing 3 single or a few products for all the states 5.21.1 a. ch stat. is in turn coneantrating an 3 single product. This 13 asp-.913- ially halpm to than nuts: that RPS not b. large enough or pau- lamd enough to absorb all the prison pro-luci- in lutmse. 922mm if it was miatory to buy only prism: promictu. Also. if “new" was adopted. 5 national {than him: 3.0113: would be needed. It a man was trained in an. flats with: iii-{Tm yrxrtimzlar 121321314? for 12.52.12}: 1w was: saw-:2 2m: rzzrtsxmimtod elm- i.‘:":€:-.- . a manna" parole gar-.0223: or can: 2:172:12. {Em-+3.29 222':le be r—‘r mac-1m: m.) m. coal-2i {to to the £21221 ”am his zit-111 ma ant-2:19.71.” E‘Lazmwr. until at. effm retire arms-2m of o’:::% :113233252 2:2. arm-31219222021 of 53.1 4-3 Make it: $0221.23 stairs-use 220923 to be the: mast jarr..cticrz21 mmmr. 233.5- {33121 time: 022 .Sllocati an at? Trio-on Izw'amriea v.5mjj'*tcvci taro paints in 19.34 tint em Mill zajttfiliczt‘tm. £11m. selecting a: infizmfifitm whom :7ro".u.<~.%ion 2:73.13. £3.23: a mafiy. M23319 3.2:} ata’:.ne.:,*..:r;te 712:3: :93 ”a“ tI-u! Mazes: (22:2?! 1a 3521 C-[jE-T'I‘Wl 03 1:2. thin or ti t..‘;;. at the: § stat/a fer 2:325. 92: {*fimzzgm m*"..:.n!':;1 mtg-rifle am o’:t*--im.r:sle at reawmmféle ;-=':§.. «as. 32%.), mind 5."?‘331213t2’fiefi in. 2:3?21932 1.3113 :ri 970mm; 1.“ . 9'1? g cm. to mmctiwmly mm. cannimctlwly 52*. Jared. in othmr ammo, 2:5:ch them can be. Mm Vocation-z. training that will 122,9:- 3291;; 372:3 123123100 1:. first". {A JOB. ITO-mixer. man 2:353- iéw “ham! 0:? infant-ions. the 3:04:253121mimimm 9:23 09:); 503:1: on 05 {3232323, cm! 1.143? gag-1:3, 33.3321333- mzzt 13 22-52321, otixrii {:9 2:39;;- csran he 2:0 9:24.. in the: cat-£11m. Elgar-e \ q!- . --~ 5‘ . , . K ~‘ ‘ 4 —. . 9-. 2.2.: m :2. coma cf $303.31 res: 02211211133 iambic-<3. in 1:021: :22 ..-«.'*n- ‘1.’ ' g ' , 4 1' --. ' u" rfirnt .21. 1.903% Sirius-22*, 33.22.22 1:27:03. *:*-2.:‘.. £‘1:'*5'l"‘..—"f6'7¥3‘£3§ have to 932-2329 loo-7:6 9mm (21” the cm emzzmic tiraarica tilt {32111 322223191}. In thaw b32212 imitmuy f 21’ 0‘3...“ 22145:: (2‘36 1:23.133 21) 222:2 {22% £32.13 1.70:? that the: :‘2f*-.:'mf;’::e.fi?,<2m39 tenant's #112333 is: :3. cert—.122 2.21m mr’mt 9:251 that £323 £9913 121122227 can 33.13% h:- n (ax-3.1% (3;? that 2”,:- 34.19%. 00:15:74 3.153314. ,3, 3.9;? 1:251“: rh'j-Stmnt by g.:-:*13.:322 1.-.-.‘-:;.*.>r will mums. mac-.rrccs in 1221:: ‘3)1‘03331 122:! :13 try to ’m 0.312.) tmarx'loyczi. Ling? 2.32.39 2:163:12; £222.13 2.2339!!! in. m (21*‘111223 my. Lizzy talim'e t7:-.:*.t them is: a ”3.1.1:” :33 1:213:33. med-E: **t of 232.1 ch is — A.- ~... LL -_4 “A...” _ *2.—_.. “L - - -* -.‘ __; __ . _.- A“_. - - A.“ “ >'. " ‘ 3-: .-_‘ a“! P- v ’ i :1- ...VT- 1 ,- ‘ ~v.-‘ .. V: . V! _ u s“ I ,A '0 i w ' ; 3W . . 1 f‘ u c: u ,1 . 1 .HU 4.3. 1‘.“ (J.‘H-.,1 . if} 51;. 33C?!) an i. ”*1 1.0.3119 Ln. .4: i. 3". atgc‘l J:.',,,. spor' I 1%.... -_ L‘t-ffif.‘ z 5‘ I“ .'. ‘l .I 1. . V, ‘ A ~ I? "" .._ “ k “'9‘ “'-*""?'9 ft?! 4 ‘L ’ '{firf‘t . “‘2 ""1"2 ‘1 (“‘31 1‘ -- . L ‘I lira“- |l¢1a‘ 0:." “'l:{|fi “3-092- n". .-mxt‘*“v_;" ..-Ay'.9’. t.r‘v-"0‘ ofild- maployod 0.16 «ruin putrid". .0 than grist»: lube: inking-3.33 an 92ml! field. maploymi will run“. Hod”: anemic moor: toad: to retain thia. wool-slug; ta ear- train mm 00min“ Inch an AV“ human .00in will he Benefit“ by m 11mm“ in graduation and output. um heron“ the national gar-mint and tho national income. Buick: will but!“ from the in- em My“ and My! prices. and nor. will ho lValla-fiala far no." pup)... Cmmnantlr. whoa prise: production take: tag 3:15:20 01 fr” production in £21. an» "um for ii. the maployecl free: rascal-cu will In shifted to other field: of production. mirwrarily when when labor hazing turning out tho producn iomrly ruin b: in. labor and ram“. this labor and the "We. will hem palatial: in: mm. and will be mined. amass: tam}; m 19'“ m we perm?! lover in prion may will m In emulcyad in athsr line- 01‘ product“! not. him“ for prison later. This camera.“ will can." 1 cream output in tho tea-prim fields and ' canaeqmily. cam tho total utiml product to ti... 3:» if an: goal is non ymimh for can people. pm. tho roloesim of ra- m" rm item that m M lode-ll: had. by when labor 3.315 rename. it a ma thing. Author View of this prom» in mm“! W tho Glusicazl ”ennui“. J. 3-. 3w. it tho Malta. Sq'l lav. “£3917 will create it. on ma. In “but um. a. porn! toll- :ilplr u that ha am buy. If 31 in mi. than “mud in “inland by 81. $3213 lav am» I». applied in . .mc. sum in u. a... or prim 1am. how-”r. it In. um relaunch I! in thin mo. prison products temporarily dicplm in. product» animus will 0133.11: .21-m .. -52.- room“. into another line of production. 'i’otal output will {33‘0- babl: he raised by tho wont of tho print: output and who .13 will be “employed. or com-u the oucplying of auto tog: or sign-o to tho state by the prisons dose not effect 5.1331141 directly inomwflu as the primal!" mn't paid. no they can't buy. Eowevor. the 3.14963: labor and rename. release free labor and reecuroeo that can “no shifted to other fieliio of production. hence. no mmyloyeo {wt-um need rowt. thin problem is most important in tin“ of depression wiwn there to ouch unemployment of the futon of production. in thio case. herring moment spending or any other "one of managing tho emu-tuition for tho uployuot of tho factors. probably total «employs-oat night ho slightly turnout and a for more unito or tho other footer. ”played it prieon production no model. Hm. in normal time. it ie beliot‘ed tho! tho 2:13:ch m not no lilitoa or labor at imbue on between industries co is com-- manly eoppoeed end such ohiftin‘ of tho (actor: of pro-auction *poeeihle. ‘ I! oo. it my be poeeiblo to home total product am income by snowing :zrieon labor to porforn the Job: best mi £941. to it. Eat. oe in the field of “rifle. it m b. difficult to ecmiooe tho portioulo! entrepreom the it being temporarily injured by prison coupetitioo. or the labour who it unemployed. that leather or room «I out U111 be «and in mo theofltiaol. out-math: manner. 3e. actually. thin to no logically. mu m solution oithor. on... private iotereote will prefer to have the grimfir remoio o 'leieuro olooo". oonouain; but not practicing. Eowmr. on we have ulna}? owned. thie to contrary to public policy if tau :«olioy ie to be the reluhilitction of the reJeote of oociety. ~63- Prieon offiaiale mt else forget- ebaut profite and tuna timir uttenttm to the educative end rehabilitative npecte of prison e'wloymt. atrium officiele have been been in the past to try to cover all proauetion eoete pine ell penal cute with the prize: industriee. The white mt encept the idee. that prisons arm‘t be eelfweupmting while I“ the em tine protecting organizes later. amt rmbiliteting the prisoner. “the when will maize appre- prietione tree the state. eon e! which on be mm by state-use ealee. but thie ie e mom purpose of each eelee. the pram ante of prism labor fer profit have uni the W "want often. The: ea: am it ee m7): ee prteen promote constitute only 1/12 or 1;: of m. tom. prodmtifin. we ma target the await}. intereete end give the tuner” e tree! end let the prieonars pay for their hope tinnufuturere elee coneider it unfair to allev taxes to rapport the prison: while the prime predate ere cutting in an their nerkete and for the benefit of omtmtm. While m taint- nreyer cannot be mama er the m of beeping the prisoner. it in unfair to private extend” te have to aupete against tag-mars: animated prim peanut». There are ether objection that priute intereste'mise slang thle use line. The etete an heme Capital. cheaper than private corporation ee thie glue the prism mutual a manta-gm The land need I: the prison iedutriee any be free te the state. so an need te ”with for net. Later he. been neon-ted. it can't ts:- araie and the etate we ite on price. Count-Mir. Mum” met mung: reeulte «here he previews in at. far rent. selling mete. lather. overhead m for mauve ceepeeeetiee ere-0cm]. -54- «cavity. All at these thing'e tend to give prison industry we £911- ventage ever private induetryo The queetiee of wage. for the prisonere is an often assumed mbject. Organized labor usually emanate that prison Mixer he paid e, wage comment-ate with its efficiency n free Labor is up» posed to be. Generally there is no heels of payment for firemen le‘oor. they may be given no web a piece. or may be yaid wraith; to the clue of prieener. The payment of en edesguate wage in em» 3309.05. to bring up the incentives of tL-m prisoners so the fill-363.32.}? or work will be here like {roe labor. gives the men bet ter morale. mrhepe will let" men-3h to help euepert his family. raise tie”: miner-.1 efficiency and but prison product: and free products: on a tee-re even footing in any market. Bare“ such waged can be (tonal-dared. it mt be remembered tint ta per e going eggs. I. prime imtuetry must be financially sue.- eeeefnl unleee you plan on hi tting the taxpayer for the were. .52.; long ee the prison market in restricted. the payment of a. high wage would be difficult. Certainly tlfle ie not to my that 1:123:29- tlvee ere not needed or are not at ingot-tent et in the free world. 1:593“ Md be paid er reverde of tone type given such as tight off. I'm-theme”.- the lmr efficiency my not be due stung-ether to leek of incentive“ Overeeeigment to Jobs end :1 limited. wrest teed te em {er leee efflc teeny of labor. ifhile en the subject of efficiency at labor. a few tad-tittimmi point. ehoald be noted. There eeem N! be two point: of View ren- gardmc the Iprieeneru One centende that be it of flange armleney at the 3». the ether canteen that efficient. U011 treimd nee ~35- c’wn’t so to got-item. Certainly. neither of than mutations can mil: two. It is banana. hammer. that than an acre feeble- minded. insane. indigent and other when?" it the prisons. Son- w-huentiy this would tend to lower tin 53mm). efficiency of pr! am: his” mi labor organization. usually cm «count of this as 12.23523 marggtxlt that when labor in paid an the hail of utticiensry m car-mama to thy affioiency 0! fm labor. Hm”. u baa 3.13::ka hem unmanned. high up. for pritcmu no not practical ’53qu «at the additional stain a tin tmayon and with nan-um. the campaitin flaunt or yrioon labor if 13ml: W i the team wage id» for prison inbu and 1m in» in: «mm ‘po '31:. min basic for paying an the built oi’ cflioimy was to "in the amt 0! prison prawn" on W with A won should in laid regarding thin nttor of idioma- oi‘ tint prisons“. mail: that iogidstion that in. m puud m u doubt restrict“ tho unplug-Int of prim". him any but: conclusions am at»: vs would {ii-at know omtiy how may of tho» then m mm» “playable. is manned am. am In in priaan arc eta-teeth”. roe-momma ate" m been”. of banks ' ‘W °' akin. than w any that mi 9! tin nut at u «this prison or myths an idle. let an ask how any of thus an m capable a! Main: miwed. and hem high a in.) of skill an tho: be ”panics, to reach. H. 610th unity of tha malice! “prison idiot“ m m immune of mioamant in thc prices industries mopt partway an flan! may". Let 1.1! cat. has any 01’ than. an can actually b0 taunt O trado. or haw may will I. able to work in t ”darn triwn 3152M. not 01232117 mama that i! 50:3 are idlo. tint up" flmt all o56- 53; are awaiting a plan. on a priaon infivntry'n production 1133. 3! tha 35-40£ ongmgaa in maintenanes dutitn. prdbdbly some are ¢Rfiablo of productive industrial work. fiaHQVtr. the cal; w»: we can axfiect to reduco this number engaged in.muintcnanco to thntre~ quirod 25f. is thrcugh orpnnaing the market: nnd.nntil this is accoapiilhsd. Just talking will not solve tha problun. Other countries hats also faced tho prison labor problem ant, hnv. tried plans that might will bu wcrknblo hare. For inatnnua. in yoxico. tha yriunn labtr program was sat up in a way similar to the plan of organizea labor. Minimum wast: varo adopttd. ufiion rivilegaa and crgenitntio I were allowed and the priuonara :rid far thmir (and. clathing and “room“ out of their wages. Ahaut 43} 13 flaductad tram their renaining wage! for tho benlflt of tha fitrty that thny injurtd by their crime. 30% to tha faaily and 331 58 9f coursa. hare too yon.uill nead a into a savings account. “firkfit for th prison products if you are to pny*vagaa. hcwavnr. thorn gamma to be no objections to tha union organizations and urivilagll. in Eranea in tho Fresno! nnd.Poitcy priaans. the lfin dustriat art advinintaréd hy u.conaittoa coaposad of a reyratvntm- tiva of tho gavnrnnant. tha chaabar of aoamsreo and labor.59 fluah a plan aaeas highly commendable ani a possible solutian to our grabltm. To repeat. tha real solution will ht fauna in tho coupara- titu of labor. tanmgamant and the public. Pr sonar. must work in order to prOTEI‘ far Jdba‘vhan.th«y arc paroled and to prtvant _flé‘ fiv— ~— £339w YarkT ‘.mwu. “33 18. 1937. p. 18. Eg’ogiu H. Robinson. Shou1a_§gisanort Korma. (Philndoiphin. Rana. 1a ‘51 g p. 3010 .57. than who can writ. rm fitting and 13 1:11.30" causing tutti-:3: maladjustment at that m that not“: hm mu (m it: might. M17 may 959- 1. Continual oflort to (hula); o tutu-nu moment in was nun. of production. m. it it «and mount“ to allow Into-om production to so so far on to rutrlot tho train. ing opputuitiu m gratin a «nun «out will 0:99:36. :32» market- an mu groom nplmut of primal vhilo Itill 19min; nun). dtfloront types of Matti“ for tuning purpose". 2. Adopt amino” onto-nu 11m- 11‘ the op.- nutrient ia cloud to prion product» than it homes that duty of the out. to proud. a what for tho product» 0! emu tho proémtt ohould to of such quality on will not tho main. and. o! the state. 3. 1301:1032 Miter: specification for on gut. agonoiaa so tfmt prison production can turn out lib it.” for .11 agencies. and not have to product slightly “throat goods for ouch money. Also. the prison industrial should ask- tnm to tho musician tin item it on product mm mum on “tempt to "any «11 tiwit products. 4. Roam ouch John to rofonotmtion. ooaumtion. fish hatchery Motown. public works ud ms etc. for prison labor. a. mvoiop cospontion “tun In. labor and prison labor no tint organism: in)" sin to will“; to Cuppli “when out him" in tho prison: to that tho proper mu- “ methods are tang“. A100. pct-ham amt tin in the prion tum-tr: ratio: tho training of o lobar uprountstin toward tho apprentiouhip ro- quimto in the vain. find. of outployuu. than whoa the rm 1: paroled. tho union would to «11m to moo-9t hi. on a arbor and thus holp him "or m of hi. great Mu. I .69- 6. Prop” public Idmtioo on tho theory of prison 12253335151!in a‘rzylomt is 3061156. no that the was or profit making from tho prison Winds! and £110 16.“ that tho aim. of {no labor and. 33d“. son labor no inocupatitlo as: ho ditpoliod. 7. Perhapl a first“ man u was motioned nearing the from}: gariwno 11¢: he trial. Raga-«nutifli of tho public. W cm! .magozmt light ponibiy (lo a 3004 Job on . mitt” for yrison hzémtrin. at but it would tom u 3 Mia. for mum; tho - port of tho ”motiv- groupu behind public policy for than prison industries. APP‘EIDIX I o9- 3313215” tog Botog to tho tohnlotioo of tho following looo. oortoin Ito?! have too. tam for tho ooh of knotty and ooooolidottoo. ond thou otepo ohonlt to undo oloor boron oo ootully owiuo moo ion. 1. Do not oomo that if only tho contracting of prison low to mttonoi oo bong prohibitod. thot loooing to ollovod or viva-vim Tho and toroilology of tho loo to that “tho contracting. hiring; out o! looting of prisoners to prohibitod'. “no so ototo that contraction to prohibit“. no mo any for: of uoing prion labor for tho benefit d potato portion 3. Uolooo othoroioo ototod. tho prohibitioo of open Mxrlmt oolol mono tho prohibition of tho oolo of oonviot oodo (oodo wl'wtizer protocol! to tho ototo undo! dioouooion or thooo ohippod in Iron another ototo ooto tho opoo “riot. 3. Tho prohibition of opoo market ooloo dooo not inolmio who to ototo iootitutiono or to ito oubdtvioiano by tho prioono. unleoo opooio {toolly ototoa. it mono only ooloo to printo poroono. corgroratiooo or orpniutiono. to o mlo. tho lot oahoo opooiflo oxooption as :53:le to tho ototo. ito oubdivioiono. inotitutiono and mount». 4. 0pm oorkot n1" could ho oodo by oithor tho otnto prison on- too or by potato indiviciuolo who homo oithor bought tho prison ymduoto ”on tho oyotoo. or who hon contracted or looood (whoa-o allowol) tho labor or tho produoto of prion lobar. Opoo not-hot ooloo (when olloood) any to dirootly onto to tho contour. to rotoiloro or to vizoleoaloro oo ototol to tho loo. Tho point to thot opoo lot-hot ooloo do not soon otlply ooloo by tho prion itoolf. Vhoro ooloo on pornittod. gonotolly tho low not to oonoultod to dotoroioo hov tho soodo got onto tho not-hot. ~63- 5. Io croot ofiort boo booms-ado to olvayo inoludo “tho otato. ito iootitotiooo. doportoooto or ogaooioo. o: tho oobdivioiono of tho ototo ond thoir iootitntiono and doportoooto'. oo pot law. However. unlooo oooa ototoooot to tho controry io oboorvod. ototo inotitntiono may be ooooood to ioolndo oll ooito of govornoont within o ototo that would use tho prodooto ot‘o priooo. ioooanch oo tho loooor uoito of govarnmont oto orootoloo of tho ototo. ~64- W W: to opooifio oootioo. smiol condition" Unlawful to york ooovioto to tho that of Alonso. tootrooto looo t Loooing of ounvioto ulovtol. May hire convioto out to tg oomtfoo for potlio moo. 45-92 and 435-103 Director to outbox-toad to hiro or loose convioto to any doportoonto ogonoy otoo of tho ototo on toroo outml 1y moot on. 45-105" Public voyo and two i Dirootor our ooh ioprovooooto on otato loot oo ooy boos t t‘no prioonoro out pronto work for thou. its; wort: oo drum proiooto and lot priomro out to “am diotrioto'. “-101 ‘ * flyover ooliloodooootopmidooorttoo tho ICIo (notation to o ooro ototo oo lost to“ for o ototo-uoo lav booouoo tho public mo and works provido root-rout uployooot. J‘Jabwfl to o aioio; ototo ond tho oiooro hovo takoo mo of thonooluo by getting o loo pooood forbidding priooo ioboo to tho oiooo.) _mtu-o to Godo or new. 1940. ”auto" to EEE‘!" sfllmnt. ”4?. of tho 002 3! Alabama. lag. ~65- AH! EGEA Open market “lg: Bo goodo oodo by prion labor to Arizona or any othor “1 ototo may to told on open oorkot. 47.301-3‘ (Howovor. becauoo of tho wording of another paragraph. it to boliovod that crops. (tool on ototo two. oay ho told on tho opoo urkot ottor the ototo hoo bought that it noodo.) Soo 47-123 Congoot 2 loooot cootrooto mlovful. auto-noon Tho highway dopu'MoBt mt notify tho print»: of. ito undo on buy ito tag-o. oigno oto. from tho priooo. 47-133“ “tor January 1. 1946. unlawful for my othto tag-mac}? to boy tro- ooy oouroo othor than tho prioon indootrioo. 47-134" A conning plant woo authoriood ond any ourpluo to ho told to othor ototo inotitntiono. 41-135“ A knitting until no outbox-ind and any mix-plus over when Ioodo to to ooli to other ototo inotitntiooo. not on the argon moot. “-140" Public and worn: Roy work on him» otrooto oto. when it won't cogiict 3th boo lobar. 07-213. -66- gangsta Goon mrkot oaioot Hay ooll lioootono to tho fax-mart at cost. oani- ' Swooiol oonditiooo: Roy ootoblioh ony indnotrioo or factories that oooaao for the boot interoot of tho ototo. 46-2301 Boord docidoo no tho priooo and market volno. 46-34:!) in tho Bonus of Gonootion. tho product of labor to to bo ogzpliod to tho pay-ant of tho oxpemoo of tho poroono oonfinod. 46—616 (Fro. thooo oootiono. it memo that opon mkot onloo oro poruittod although no specific wording to tho offoct to found.) Convict labor my not bo vol-Rod within tho city of Littlo hook oxoopt on public apron-onto. buildingo .tGo m soatroot or w: airing out or ioooino forttdooo. oo—zzz‘t - inlay hiro out to work on tho public highway. at long so they are under tho hmzomont of the warden and tho Board of Corrootiono. 46-2250 Moy oloo loooo to othor otato agencioo for public ootivitioo. undor oooo oomiitiono. (Privoto Milan and tupovon oro ootitlod to bring ouito againot tho prioon oyoton to rootroin tho. fro- loaoing tho prisoners. Oreo: v Jonoo. 164 Ark. 118. 361 5.3. 4:5.) This roforo to leaoina to privato paroono. not to tho otato ogonoioo. Undo: 46-229 obovo. thoy could to loaned to do noofnl onionlturol work. but opporontly thot say to omioci by ouch n privoto ooit.) stato-uoot 31ml). to tho out: of tho ototo ihotitutiono to put-63m“ no or no poooiblo “producto m by tho ototo- Public mo and 1:0er Boot-d nay loooo or root odditionnl loud v thin E: allot of on ootobliohod ooap or otookodo for planting and cultivation of oropo. oe-aio 'Roforo to tho kan- Stotuto Annototod 94 . 06?. CALIFOEEIA 9:293 “not oalo 8 13mm to ooll orlooo prodooto lo otato oxoopt hooo poulttod by law. 3876' Hoop goodo (groin bogs oto) told to £50115er only. not for reoalo: may to oold to {on ooopo. 2731 May ooll Joto. on.“ rock prodooto to obi-gar stout if they will buy. . magnum oonotmtlon o! Joto 3111 and part. Vat. solo of oll product. not noodod by tho Itato. £704 Prodmto of agriculturo out onlool Mammary ootorprlooo may be cold to who porttoo to yrovont spoils-:50 ond it.“ or omluooo. 270‘ Frlcoo oot so our mht oo poootblo. Small handicraft produto my to oold to tho public at tho prioooo. 334mm eonditlooon Moot not-k oontolooro. 2870 ProdootIoI rodorol prtoono say to tow-at by Itoto ond onbdlvl 510x10. Shall not uploy ogllod late: (prloon labor) for building my bridgo or otructuro o u. notoro requiring lt. 3768. (Na-y ”ploy moklllod prison labor on oamo bridgo). Prloon ontorprtooo vtth usual grow product of our $25.03!). may not to ootohllohod vlthout 5 public but. tug. a‘o lnduotry with o gran of our 8236.000 than to ootobltohed ms» to nah onto tm. 5093-3 Statmot Frugaloy prtooo labor to produotuo noodod by tho otato ma oubdlvlolono or rods“). govomoat. 2701 Prison prodnoto out “rot for prloon tho: for other lootltotlono. Btoto shall 3g prison prodooto. oxcopt when not "all. ‘b1.o 38730 rubllo can ma york“ when 50.000 cable york or not. is needed. ' tho prison My oporoto o rock omhlnx plat for on on tho public roads. 2740 My oloo work convict. on tho remit. Any agency. departunt at. of the stats or Fair-o1 covoment. m not when labor to pox-fora nacasmxy '0 o ”tour: to Penn]. 6 do ‘-68- 06103590 £223 aofkot onloft Unlawful for poroono or oorporotiono to use. ocnouno. 3 or otoro in thin otato goods oodo by priaon lobar. excepting ototo inotitutiono. 131-93“ agooiol conditioggt Evory'oblo prioonor oholl workbrhoro boot ooltoi to tfioir capacity and ooot noraotogoono to tho pooolo of Colorado sod with looot conflict with {roe labor. 151-84 rho cooio o! priooo labor tron othor ototoo oro subject to tho oomo regulation: oo oro tho prodooto of tho prioono of Colorado. (Taking advantogo of tho Boooo-coopor Act)o 131.108 contract and loooot airing out of priooooro onlouful. no oontrooto oooopt o stoto Bighooy'flopt. 131.95 Stoto-ooga Prioonoro ooployod to prodooo ortioloo for tho otato oni public institutions. Furniohod ototo ot tho norkot priao. Maintain quality noar opoo.norkot goodo. Divoroifiod industrioo may to outboriood after survey. in: tho otatoo nood. 131-100 License platoo. oigno. morkoro ond todgoo to to modo in oriool ond oold to ototog‘glgg to ony'othot Itoto. 3$9~4G0 V910 3 Rondatory for ototowooo. onlooo priooo can't uufigly or tho ototo could buy for 10% ohoopor oloowhoro. 181-97 Fublio wayo and works: Board of county oomoiooioooro may use $21“ Ion lobar to build pond. {or fioh prepogotlon. ioeporo. with canoont of tho county ouporviooro. lay work prisonoro on public ovoouoo. or in quorrioo or ninoo in county vboro confined noon torso agreed on by kooporo and officoro or_porsono under what. dirootion prisonoro will to. (Now ladiooto toot oomo contract- in; any to dono at tho Joil lovol). Vol. 3-628 Stato‘uooo priooooro to rooloin hy'irrigon tion ototo out othor londo. Also. to construct for use of too ototo. coaolo. rooorvoiro. foodoro oto. Vol. 3-350 Alto. loo -39. 0 02817.33“! ICU? °“23 oarkot calool Ho oontioo. Soociol couditiono: Ho porooo confiooi for orioo oholl to om loyod to or about tho montacturiog plooo of tobacco or on: other ortiolo which to uoo. oootocto tho ocuth of o humon.boing. onlooo soon caployloltt ll pomittod by tho liooltlt Doportnoot. 3305‘ Tho otato industrial fund io to oaintomo uni continua ouch indoo- trioo oo my bo dooiroblo. controot*or loogot Bo contracto for lobor or tho products of prison Iobor oimll to lot oxcoot ottor public ootico by advertioing in difforoot porto of too ototo. iioolod bido on to bo used and tho cool occootod soot advantogocuo to tho ototo. floximnn life of contract to to bo four yooro. 3004 o and works: Joil prism" of tho county and the cor-dict. o otato may be out on the road oyotoo. the county my «loo coo pricon labor on public worko. bridgoo otc. Mote my mac the labor on the prison form. $3156 5% 2184 '(ipnoor to be no homo borrod in thio 'ototo. It coo ootoblioh mo miotaio any industry it dooiroo one! thoro to no specific restriction regarding tho solo of ouch product. on tho 0pc. Iorkot. The cozstroot oyotoo io logol oc o1 togothor. froo lobor not got quito o run in COQROC‘icu‘o) mean to tho Gan-oral gtgtutoo of Connecticut. rovioion of 1959. .70. BELASAEE Ogon nortot onion: Ho opacitio nontion. snncial conditiongt fininwfnl to onploy prioon labor at the Low Santlo County vorznouoc. at tho took of ropniring. painting. or ro- finiohing any onto oxcopt thooo cwnod my the ototo or its nub- divioiono. 4145' Contract or icaoot Duty of tho ohoriff to onenro onplcwnont for oil pfioonero. (Thin iomlioo contracting or ionoing). 4140 Lou goon on to oay that tho .'acard of ?ruotooo of tho New caotlo Counny vcrkhouoo nay onto on ogroonont with on: person or corporation in flow Cootlo County for the labor of tho orioonoro nt suitablo onployoont for oight honro n day. (?hoy notnrn to the price. at night on it in ncro of o.contrnct oyoton by definition). 414? ,§£§£2:233} ‘99gr03‘13 only In tho cooo of tho onto repairing. Public vorko and v o: Conrto of Snooox ono Eont countion. noy'ocntonco o poroon to 5253 labor on tho public rcodo or highonyo in tho convict gangs of ooid county. it tho oontcnno dooon't oncood.thnoo .0.‘bIo 4137 Tho Board oloo hon tho power to buy odditicnol land to incronoo tho offioioncy of tho How Cootlo County'vorkhoooo and oocuro 'xnrthor onplcwnont of tho prioonoro. 4143. 935. Also too. Law. 'fiootoro rotor to tho Roviood Godo of Dolovoro .71. 913TRXQT O? actuagxo 9223 norkot onloot nay ooii oorpIuo producto o! vorthcuoo and to croutony. 24-413- Prioonoro In: to onployod ot ouch labor ond undo: ouch regulation- oo noy’bo proocriood hy'tho Board ongublic finitnro. (éroouucoly on public ooyo and oorko). ao-oiz (It io not cionr tron tho ion uhothor or not tho ourpino nay to solo on tho opon aorkot or to othon inotitntiono.) Linitod information regarding tho orioon oyotoo io duo partly to tho pcouloticn of tho v.0. ond aloc. to tho {not thot prioonoro of tho Diotrict no: Do ocnfinod in rodoroi priocno to: cortnin offooooo. 'Eofoto to Diotrict of Cginnhig £330. £952 Iditigg. .7} 3103135 Egon nnrkot onlogt to crept. oxoopting oust: coho. oholl ho cold ' or diopoocd of on tho opon.norkot. but ohnli ho oold to otnto inotituticno onc thooo of ito political onbdivioiono. 953.10‘ soon“! conditionot Stoto oonoioto my to noon no my to nocoooory or roguirochr tho growing or oogar cane and other crop: on ototo ovnod land in Florida. if tho uoo of tho prioonoro dcoon’t intorforo with tho Stoto‘flighuoy Dopartoent'o road progroo. 953.10 Contract or leaoot Lancing o! prioon labor prohibitod. hoard o! Cocnioc onero of tho Stnto Inotitutiono any contract with any poroon for tho growing of ougnr onno on ototo ovnod 13nd. (Appartntlr prison 163°? Ia: to flood for thin oo under tho obovo paragrooh). 953.11 atato too: Thorn ooooo to ho no ccnpulocry 1.! for ototo-uoo. Thio o duo partly to tho fact that noot of tho lobar io employod on the roads. public works oto.. and unliko tho northern otntoo. they can no omploy tho non tho your round. Ccnoeguontly. thoro oopooro to to too indnotrioo Inc looo ncod for n otato coo loo. rublic on o and works: fho county any uoo ito prioonoro on roads. hridgoo uni puEiic ocrko and may hiro thon out to anotoor county or to tho Stoto Highway Donortnont. 951.01 btato con- oicto may bo worked on ototo or county roodo. aioo. on otatc onc other public ccnoorvntion or roforootrotion proJocto. 953.16 Stnto convicto nmy‘bo'uood ot any ototo institution or at any ototo ogriculturo ozporinont otntion in Florida {or porforoanco of nny otnto function. 953.33" Stoto convicto any oloo to ucod in tho dooolopnont nointonnnno of the otato pork qyoton. 953.24" 'Hunboro rotor to tho rlcrido Statutoo Annotngggl 194;. oniooo othoroioo notod. uConulotivo anyplooont of 1948. Florian Statutoo Annotated. 1941. .72.- coo-:15 IA Goon carrot onlogt Unlawful to oo11 prioon undo goodo. undo o hor n .o ototo or any othor ototo. on tho open norkot. Howevor. it cooon't {Droid onloo of ouch goodo to the ntnto. to to in turn oold by tho ototo to public. or nay poiiticol oubdioioion or inotituticn. 77-383' (Boforo thio amonomont woo pooood in 193?. priocn gooco could to oold to tho boot on- vontogo of tho otnto with tho prorioicn that prison labor would not to nood in ccnpotiticn with okiliod oochnnicnl froo labor.) Soocinl conditiono: toy ootnblioh conpo for quarrying rock or grovo oood on county or city roooo. 77-308 Contract or lcnooi no controot by whooo torno contractor in intorootod in quantity of work o prioonor any to required to do. 71-331 3toto~uogt Authoriooc to soil for- producto to ototo. huthoritod to onto rood oigno. toco oto noodod hy tho highway departncnt. Doportoont ouot ccntoct prioon rogordio; thooo itcco. 71-333 cuhlic wayo and workoi County'niodoooononto any work on the chain gong on roaio and worko. 77-201 Stnto convioto may be sent to work on county roodo. or with tho ototo highuoy’ccportmcnt or lootly. to work on city roodo. 71-325 'Boforo to tho Goorgin Code. 1933. "Roforo to tho floor; o own, 1 37. ‘1‘- IDAHO Egoo carrot oclggt Solo on Open.lorkot of all goodo. unreo cnc norchandioo profluood. crown otc. by on: poool institution lo permitted. 2M1. Scloo on one: acrket datinocs ohcll inclodo onloo or can changco to or with other poncl. charitobloo cuotodiol or rotormotory whooo ooiotchonco io contributod to by this .‘luo 30-403 Onoc carrot defined: oll ooloo conductod or tronoactod ‘through tho cadiii*ct otcroo. chopo. ooloo offiooro otc.. rotoil or vholooolo. to tho cocoa-ins public. 20.411 Sontroct or leaccc Unlawful to contract priooc lobar to private ' ..o 6' 02 State-coo: Prioono oholi ottoopt to conduct ioduotrioo that will coho goodo'uood by tho ototo and that will rooult in as wide o vorioty of prodccoo oo poooioio oo co to divoroify prcahcto onc olioiooto conoootrotioc of priooo lobor to on: onc or for iodootrioo. 20-408 ' Exchange of prison producto of idoho for tho procucto of ooothor ototo prohibitod. (Diroot-prohibitioo against ototoo-uoo.) 20-404 ho tar oo poooihlo. Ioko tlcio oigoo. clothoo ctcn thot oro flood hy tho ototo iootitutioo. Public on o and work I County Joli priooooro no: to hood on pub- lic roodo on: projooto. 20—617 stoto convicto oor'oork on public works ocdor diroct control of tho ototo. Hay oloo work on the otato Wait. iacforo to tho Idaho Codo. 1947. 0-76:- 1035 Coon maggot glut Rothing opocitic. tot opporootly not. allowccl. acacia). Condition: Prioonoro in tho ponitootiory or rofoamtcry ' o o up oyoo only on tho ototo oocmt in tho maintcmmco. repair "0 of ouch inotitntioao and in ouch imotrico as may to ootobiiohod by tho board. 246-19- Bronding ohd lobolicg roquirod of all priocn oodo gooco. oithor of ion or othor ototoo. 216.i Gohtroct or lemon Contacting and loooinc of labor forbiddon. 24.6. state-3”: Only in on non-gooey coo tho ototo toy tron othor com-coo tho: tho prioon. 846-23 Him-your. tho higwoy doportmt ooy toko compotitivo Dido for plot”. containers. trofric control covico otc. Aloo. printod mnlioo coy bo bought fro- tho prison inotocd of ty ooopotitiro bidding. 331.253 Emilio o and rkot Prioonoro io county Joilo any to coed on otF'ooto on: pnfiio condo. public ballots.” or gromo and othor plocoo in tho county. 356.17 'Roforo to tho hucglcmoot. pa. mototod of so . b 8 8 O m 4E 1" «o- 4 i. ~76“ ILLIB'OIS k on nan-hot ooloot Dutioo of tho Board to ooo thot no products 0. pr can cater to cold. on tho opoo mint oxoopt oo pro- vidodi that produoto don't conflict with tho ootabliohocl in- duotrioo of tho ototo out that tho priooo labor cocon't ccopoto with tho produoto of troo lobor. loo-76" :Eoociol conditions: Liaootono aim to tho futon out my not to I'D“ o ‘I amino rock toroiohod high-toy departmont froo. 108.84 Io lobor “ploy“ outoido tho priooo ozoopt in rock cruohinc for tho ototo on: othor outioo nocooury for tho ooiotooonoo of tho priooo. too-u. Duty of tho hoorti to oiotributo tho lcbor and indootrioo for tho boot oorvioo to tho ototo and benefit to tho non. 100-85 Unlawful to buy or coll prioon nodo goodo fro- ooothor otcto. 108—09 controct or loan: Bo controct lobor ond opporontly tho only ooo no nod io to tho highway doportooot or othor otato ogoncioo. 108-75 Kay trouoi'or prioonoro fro- Joliot to holp build tho southoro lllinoio Poo. ond my loooo than to tho contromr to oid in thio building. loo-so stato-uo t “not orcior from tho priooo. ion-12 coho tilo. culvort pipo. rout building ootoriolo. road whinory one! toolo oto. for tho highvoy doportooct. 133.10? E‘ublic voyofond works: may to uood on public vcrko. 108-103 (totot Irho Soc. of Stoto proporly roi‘uooc to «euro onto togo through tho auriooo in flow of tho ourpooo of prioon inductrico to ovoid compotition of produoto of priooo lobar with (too labor. log-73:13:"; Pooplo ox rol. Bonn v fiughoo. 870 ill. 255. 18 l"Micro to tho Illinoig ‘ Cumulotiv: 8m om . ‘4 -71. [HDIAEA oorkot oolooi fioy'oooufooturo ouch itooo oo oro coca By tho ototo ona o inotitutiouo onn to produco ouch itoco no hay ho practicablo and to toll ourpluo on tho harlot. 13-101‘ authoriood to oot up o‘bicior twins plant asd product cold to tho boot intoroot of tho ototo. l3—52i 3Ecciol conditiqgot Work dono by prioou labor Inuor tho otcto occount oyoton. ohall bo hood work no for or practicable or romucorotiro to tho ototo. 13-321 4 ,Ho ochool booko or dooko for tho ochoolo oholl bo producoc ond cold to tho ochoolo. 13-419 contract or loooo: Controot lobar aboliohoc. 13-41? fitota;ggot Roquirod to buy goodo. 13-103 Officinlo oholl roport ooodo to priooo and buy platen. oigno otc. tron it only. Eublio v o and work i Roy'work priooooro on tho highuoyo. to £333 333% motorIEI. and on tho priooo torso to grow pruduco for tho noodo of tho inotitutiouo. 13-510 ’Roforo to Indi f A 933. ‘Lloo ooo Cumulatizg .78. mtism Egon narkoi 0513:! The eunorintondoni of the Reformetory can sell or a1.9oa.“6: all manufactured producte of the Mnnual crude department to bug beet advantage of tho etate. 76-3330. The labor of women priaonore In: bu nooa to gro- duoe agricultural produote and produce to be used in tho insti- tutione end the eurplue eold on the Open market. 75-;314 #0 coal sold on the Open markot. 76-3433b (Soul lineI wore ordered closed by tho legislature in October. 1947.) 76-34333" Binder twine could be eold to the best advantage of the etete. 75-3654 (Twine plant cloeed by legislature. no deaand for twine due to the use of combinoe). ggocial oomditiooe: iriaonere may be used to sin. cool on prison land and 6015 to public relief agoncioe where agoncy is con— tributing to the relief of the tamiliee of the convicts. (C! no importance eince tho closing of too mince.) Convicie no: work on etaie roade. public bulli- inge. etc. whether they ere ekilled or unskilled. however. may noi use skilled labor on oounly bridge: and like construction. 75-3443a-3448 Contract or logggx Shall not be hired or contracted to any yrivaio party. “lo-3330 utnte-uee: State required to buy brick eado by the prisons. 76-3440 eo. auto tags and highway eigne ere node for the sioto. Public waye and works: Care for the fair grounde- Aloo work on roode eto. ai*In egecial conditione. ebovo. ‘lofori to Generfl Siniutoe of Route. Annotetnd 1935. "aofere io Sunglemont 194 , to the ‘ Statutoe of Kanaan. 1935. ~99- Effi‘fitni’ Open market sales: Sell all products to state eaancieo only - no open market. 197.100' Soncial conditional Sales of produots of state prison labor on& other states prison labor unlswfnl. exooot to state institutions end subdivisions of the state or to any other states. (Ihio is s ststes-use type of provision.) 365.240 gootreet or lease: Frisoners not required to sort outsilo grison sells except for the stats on roads. bridges. public works .‘Ue 197e130 However. any lease workhouss and prioonoro therein for no longer than 1 year. lesser to have none payer’ss if manager. (It is believed thst the workhouee in lontucgy is st the local level. However. this is one of the few statos where this yraotioe continues.) 441.100 otete~usea Frieon labor used to sake clothes end other suitable supplies for the state institution. 197-070 Contract with other ststs departnent {or prison labor or inmates. (hooatontly there is no ooeoulsory lav regarding stete~ueo. evon though ell products have to be sold to the state ss per 197.190 'Refers to lentuogy Revised Statuteslkl94 . ~80- Cgen market sales: flay establish stste ferns end sell the products on the opefivmcrkct (sninel or scriculturel products). 1441' tpeciel conditions: Prison sey bid ageinst privste companion for the constructiofiwor eaintenoocs of public levees. roads and works. Preference given to the prison if it csn do Job st the lcw'bid price. Contrsot with the loeel unit ef’covernsont doing toe Jobs 1441s Public were end works: Perish Jsils no: work prisoners on the public roads. streets etc. in the pariah. 1402 Bistrict prison terms so: use prison labor for ferning on behalf of the district. 1402 08L. HAIEE 022 ’ Ins-ht gslcst lic specific ssntiss ss to goods was in Mice. anscisl conditions: mic out ststs prises mas cccds allowed sold or “changed in ststs. 23-18" (Taking sdvsntacs of the Races- QCOPQ' ‘3‘.) Salss ct srtislss {rc- ths prisons sad the lsttim of contrasts to hiss continuum sll other contracts... shall to ads with aria. 33-29 Articles inst b0 lshslsd. 23-30 C‘T‘ent’fic‘ cr log-gs Appmntly contracts srs slim-red. sce parnggragh IbO'.s Stats-mg: Rust bw platss fro- the prison. :11» m4 scrim”. l9-39 mblic w s and works; Nay snthcriss tits us of prison labor on puSfic works. routs. sto. 33-23 tasters ts Raised. sum” 3! Mains! 19“. MRSSACK'SETfl3 goon nsrkst salsst whosvsr soils or offsrs for solo goofls nods by prisonfilabor may be punished by iino. hovsvsr. may coll goons for retail at tho prison or to tho stats. (Eat definita whothcr the goods st ths prison srs tho articlss honomado by tns ssn in their spsrs tins or not). 137-67s' apociol conditions; No prison lsbor shall work nt sngrnving. Road sstsrisls soon as crnshsd stone etc. may to propsrsd in prison. howsvsr. no nnohinss shall be used. only hand and foot povsr. 127-74 This notorinl may bs cold to tho stats or local units of govsrnncnt for the roads. li7-75 Tho number of smnloysd in any one industry is limited. i.s.. clothing 375. brushes 80. harness 50. yo mots than 50% may to soploysd in any ons industry sxcept cans soot- ing. unorsllns snd goods sons for tho ststs institutions. 127-62 Contract or lease: is contracts {or labor of prisonsrs except. tbs: any bs employed in cans ossting and nnbrslls asking under too piscs-prios system and bids may to noosptsd. 137-51 Eat onoloysd outsids plans of imprisonment doing work for privsts pnrtiss. 137-50 stats-asst Mots nrtiolss Issi hy tbs ststs ss such so poooiolo. Stats shall pnrohsss tron tho prison if ths aooao are srsilnbls. 127-5? Public w s and works: Ho: ho nssi to cars for public land. build- IKEs sto. Zinc for roclaantion c! vssts plscss. cultivating land for raising produos for tbs institutions and for roforsstrs- tics and dsvslopssnt of tho stats torssts. l27-83 (%nssochnsstts has attsoptsd to prhhlbit tbs sols of goods of the coon markst and to avoid too soon competition with fros lobar in tbs stnts institution markst by liniting ths smonnt that can be prolucsd in the prison.) tasters to the Annotatgd Laws of Moosachnssttl. 1944. -83- ifii}. dim} anon nortst sales: Perishsbls Vegetables as: ho sold to conncrios. 63' ' no prison sods goods of‘flnrylsnd or any other stats shall ts sold sxosot to ststs institutions or its sub. divisions. 27-763 (1939)' insndsdt 3o goods other than livestock. forsst sod savioulturs products. or products used in ngrioultural production nods by prison labor in.£nrylsnd shall be cold s:- csot to stats institutions or to its subdivisions. Ray not soil to consuming public sxcept so sbovs. Bandloroft may bs sold dirsct to public. 37-762" gflscisl conditions! no prison nods goods of usrylssd or say other stats any bs sold sscspt to stats institutions or its sub- divisions. 27-762 (Also amendsd s sbovs). During the var. pr oonsrs is" rslcuted on conditional tsrms sud pardons to rslisvs tbs shortaas of lobar in the sssfosd. for: sod osiry'indnstriss. sl-8813 Stats-asst Rs: sst up industries to produce goods loaded by the CGIs Stats and sub-divisions required to buy tron prison if goods ors availabls. ' rublio says and vorksi Prisonsrs soy bs sortsd on the state forms or rosds. 27-749 Tbs county’say saploy convicts on tho road torso sod soy requsst sore prisoners frss tho ststs if the county doesn't hnvs snougn. 31-799 Castsrs to ths Annotated Sod f no land 1939. “Rotors ts tbs Cum st vs So 94 to tits agitated God! 3! -84— 31531333 onen nsrkst solos: Unlawful to soil or purohsss on: prison product other than rot use by tho stats. 23.1535“ (Michigan is cos of the for states vhsrs sll ths old cyntcms of prison lnbor srs still cluttsring up the books. it can be notsd in 28.1433 uhsrs contracting of lnbor sns used in or around 189?. in s lotsr suction. the stats account system was sat up and salss on tho corset pernittsd by tho st2to. in 1935. tns ststswuss systsa was sst up. 28.1531). F$~ccisl conditions: flay soil or purchnss puss brsd livestock raissd on the orioon forts and sold for brooding purposes. aloo may ssll binder twins. roos sud corona. used in agricultural trounc- tion. 25.1525" Cannot print forcountios or sub-divisions of tho stnts. 23.15z8 Hay ssll psrsonnlly lads articlss of the grison- srs at tho prison. 38.1535 Hay not uss prisoners by ths counties in the building of bridges or liks structurss rsquiring the use of skilled lobar. 38.1513 3rec lsbcr prohibitsd in ths house of Correction ”1609* a! necessary for control and Isnszsssnt. 28.1843 Contract or loose: hot sllswsd. 28.1535 Stats-use: hots so many articlss ss possibls nssdsd by tho stats stitutions. Stats-uss mandatory so for ss prison authoritiss Assn it practicabls to producs the srtiolss. (Aponrsntly ths buysrs have s mrsot deal of discretion ns to what they buy.) 28.1637 Suh~divisions on: soil tho products or thoir Jails to othsr institutions within that subdivision. 800.309‘“ Kay buy land to establish stons quarriss. 58.1671 1! after employing n11 possibls incstss if tncrs is still iilsnsss. officials any try to contract (bsfors production stsrts) for additional items. Appsrsntly'vith institutions and agenciss not already buying tron tbs prison or for additional suoj3slios with thosc that are buying. Furthcrscro. the stats purchasing agent may exchange thcss additional itohs with oountiss or other states if the rison rcduots from tho nth” states cannot bs prclucsa in Nich can.pr sons. 28.lh;8* Public ways and works: Prisoners may work on roads. highways. quorrissito cans road material sto. 38.1511 The Conservation and Corrections Dowort:2cnts are out? orisod to construct camps for inmates and use tag 1 bor on conschotion proncts on stats-cvncd lands. 38.1715“‘ ‘Lsfsrs to Hiohi on Statutes Annctstsd 1935. "hcfcrs to 2 * sts utss Annotated 19.:5. ~85- alsoiosiPPI nos carrot solos! tins sold to tsrssrs st not svsr $1 s ton. sm.m‘ Cotton sod osttcssssd sold on opsn.ssrkot if rsissd by ths prises. 29-8005 to goods oftsrsc for ssls so opss sorhst except psrishsbls goods sod rsw agricultural products. May Bollzmnd- mods urticlss mods to occupy tics of tho prisonsr. 39-?9d1 floocisl conditions: Hoot labsl goods. Plsn to asks prison ssl! supporting so may cs- tsblish s blacksmith shop. wood shop. shes or harness shop. loondry. ssvoill and cristsill. tailor shop. trick and tilo shop 0 Coopsrsts with tho Stats s..a Inproromont Cos-ittss to rsiss sssds o! s bsttsr actors. sod may sell tosss sssds to tho farssrs. 89-8013 contract or loose: Unlawful to loass or.hirs out tho convicts. 2. Pub ic sons sod works: as: sort son on the county torus uni on ros s and oubl c works. lsvsss. ts procors tirswood and improvs ths droinogs on stats propsrty. Also rsiss s11 tbs food possihls and.ncks all tbs tssls. sboss. clotnss stc. posoihls for tho stats. 'Bofcrs to tho Hicsissizp; Gods. 1943. -86— misnoscoi Goon corkst solssi Prison suthorizsd to soll bindsr taino on tho opsn sarAst to consunsrs. osalors or doalsrs in other st? too. Authoricsd to establish an agricultural cachinsry plant and sat up local selling sgscciss to hon? ls tbs products. Priced st tho actual cost plus Go. 10813,& 10313‘ 3occinl conditions: Ho Icrs than 10% of tho usu.in so: prison may ts sop cys n any ons industry unlsss it is making goods for s stats institution. or it is making bindsr twine. bruohos or products of the nature of agricultural ssohinsry. 10815 All goods and. by prison labor when ohiopoi into the otots bscons subJsct to tho laws of tho stats. (Tsking sdvontngs c! the Havoc-Coops: not). 3976-31 All prison sods goods cost us labeled. 3976-31 to prison sods goods sods in sinnesota or any cthsr stats. shall ts bortsrsd or tradsd by such oricoos for sny othsr goods of any kind uhstsosvsr. for uss in tho canal institution. 10846-31" Contract or loose: Rs contract or lssss labor shsrs contractor has oontro o can. 3.3 will uss piscs-prics systss with.poroons furnishing thsir cos notorisls. 10810 Statsuusst honorsntly not sandstory. Public says coo works: Convicts so: to ongloysd st rock cracking. tbs profiuct to be ussd in roan building. Jsil inuntcs may work on roads. public buildings sod county work fonts. 3tcts grisonors used for conservation. rc- forsstrstisn. soil srosion control. 10846-11“ 'Huohsrs rotor to Fsson's Hinnssots.3tstutss 1927. *‘astsr to Msson' ‘ .815 MISSOURI Ooss markst salsa! Hay ssll twins to snyons. consular of dealers. O no: soil lissstoos to privnts rssidonto at cost of production. 9103 Hay also lsnss or boy squipsont to yrofiuoo nun ssll on open mkst shoss. clothing. rats. sops. rugs. furniturs. dssks. chairs. tables. tars implements. fertilizer. brick eta. 8968 (Appsrsntly tbs only epsn nsrhst sslss st present are tho tsiss and linsstons us no othsr product is furthor discussed is ths Loss.) Contract or loose: nay loans or contract prison into: for highway spa G53 Grills 3991 t;- Pnblie 9.1. snd.warkst Ks: employ'prison labor on stats. county or o or po t on subdivisions. roads. bridges. oulvsrto. rock quarry. rock ornohsr or crsvsl pit cpsrntsd by'ths state. or publio pronots protsoting tho lsvsss tron uoshss. and yroour- in; fool. ios and rotor for the prisms. tasfsrs to tho Rigsourg Rovisod Stototsg Anngtstsd, £93 . 3130 son 1949 Sggglsoont. " 1-8.0 HOfiTAfiA 0903 ssrsst solos: 59s nost psrscrsph. Soooiol oonditioosn AFrison labor so: to o..o for brick making. hos- svsr. {no orIok may to osso only for oonstrsotios or repair of tbs Hontona Stats Prison. 89¢30' ahall establish an indostr7.for making mooring spparsl for institutions. Kano sold on ths opsn moert in oom- pstition with {rss labor. 80-721 Shall sstablish s tsnnory to to: state hifloo and too hides for othsr psrsons. 80-125 fihsll ssll ststs hidss st {sir pricos. 83-736 fontrsct or loooo: No contract labor psroittod. gjgggzgggz Shall prosots ststsduss astronauts. 80-73t. rublio v§§' and works: Prison labor say to ssploysd on roads. goblio bu ings and works. 80-730. Stats highsoy oosoissios.ssy oso priaon labor on Jobs of $1000 or ovsr. ‘Rofsrs to tho Rszissd Coos'ot flootsns‘ 1947. ~09- EEJEABEA Opes works; 35333; Sat sllswsd. oxospt {sn- sopplios. machinery and squipooot. 83-151’ Spooisl conditionot Printing is not to oonpots with {rss labor. '“ BS-ltfiwm otatsooosa Plotss. signs sto. to to sods. 83-138 flay bs ossd for rspsir. construction sto. at stats insti- tutions. 83-134 otsts institutions sno county sod sot-divisions shall toy prison goods. 83-145 may osohsngs prison products with sthsr ststos. 83-145 Fnblio vol! ““Qw!°!E!’ Citiss and villages not ssntsnos prioonors to work on strosts sto. 'Esfsrs to Rsvi s Stat to of fisbrssks 1963. .ooo HTVADA “AM "at?“ “123' Ai‘filfl'fifiu! you. not halos. apooial conditions: Shall ssll sll prodnsts of prison lobor. llioo' Ks! snplqy'prison labor at lsohaniosl Jets to furnish supplies to state prison and may employ from timo to tins to best interest of tho stats. Providsd. shall not allow smployoont on soy otosr than public sorts ioolooing road. form or stats property or so: industry not for tho benefit of tho ‘lvt‘Os 11458 May lst good prisonsrs oaks srtiolos on own tins that will to sold for than and thst won't ooopato with frss 18,001“ 11453 Porposs of sot is to provost oompstition with frss lsbor and management sxosyt when it occurs to tho diroot boosfit of Earsds. 11453 (Sss noxt ssotion slso.) Shall sat up moohinory to rspoir sod.oond cooks sod olson thus for tho {armors Ibo osod thss to ship protuots during tho nor. 11501.07"' Congroog or lasso: 3o: losss or oontrsot. 11sec ‘ County prisonsrs ssr'ts hirso out. or worked on roads. buildings sto. 11525 stats-asst Ms: oaks tags sod sorksrs. signs sts. to ho usod by sovods or tho? tote . 114542. Ussd on public buildings. rosdo. stats ‘Rsfsrs to Hovods.Comoilod Laws 1989. "Rsfsrs to buy lament 951-19 0 Eovods.6omnilsd Lava 1329. "'Rs!ors to Sunolomga- o 945 of 59v».> .on,‘ a. ,y._ 952 .91. £771 BAHPSHIZE Coon oorkst solos! fiot sllovod to to sold. too-31* contract or loans: Rot allossd. oxoopt to otsto institutions oto. £84431 [gallifios lot of 191? thot allows contracting - still on books.) Apparently on: still bind out oioors from tho Industrial School probably so oppreotioos. too-26 Stats-noon Comguloory stato-uso. ?ub11o woos and works: Joilors so: oooloy or sot to sort in soon manner as shall to consistont with his soiokssping. 461~33 (Apporootly our still oso tho convicts for root sork oto.) 'Roforo to Revised loss of How Baogohirg. 1943. 39* :Ew JERSEY Goon "that sales! is prison products fro: othsr ststss allowed. solo. 46:31-1' m sax-plus produot as: ho sold on open amt sadsr torso and sondttions that it shsll sst oospsts unfairly with {no labor. sou-97 33min conditions: East to labeled. 3084-97 s 46:31-6 lo emu-gooey my hslp on private tum-s. 3034-98 Shall not to ussd to rsplaos true labor on O‘l’ihs EOIHQ Prisons" is tho coast: is“. vol-khan". or prison may ts employed. sanoct to tho dsoision of a board of ohossa trseholdars and having bssn committal for non-suggest of family. at osrtsin labor and the product of said later salt to tho county institutions. Hay not to ussd for strikebroakinc or on s public inprflsmt that thou 1s nough frog 113.230:- to who tho imprmmt. 3038-40 fiontrsot or leggy ”fiat allowed. 3034-93 Stats-mg: fitets and county U" W0 SON-96 . Hay bs employsd who" for stats work. ”Refers to Now Jars Statute Annot ted 1937. ~93- EZH'HEIICO g a oat-ht solos: Partly showed. no bslov. gmoisl conditions: Unlawful to ssll cosds am by prioon labor is othsr stots In fiss'Msxioo. ssy’bs sold to stats or sub-iivisions. (Statstdusa sttsMpt) 41-3309‘ nothing in shots shall prohibit the coatlnusfl production and ass of grisoo products ads by low taoxioo stats prison. 41*3310 Shall surploy prison labor for improvwent in psnitsntioty and tho rost of tbs imtss to tbs Est zasivrntaa of ths ststs. 45~lll I’l’lSOl required. to furnish slsotrio lights at cost to tho capitol. ssylus and any ssll slostrio lights in Bouts Fs. 45-145 Produots of thsqniplsnt must to sake onto tags out signs sold to prison only. s5-141 Must hs labslsd bsfors sols. 45-149 mats-us i All tags and highway signs skull is pmhasod from tho pr son. 45-146 than sot working on tbs prison or cagjzitol .. may work os tbs sts'ssts sod sends in and about ‘ 383‘. Y's ‘5‘139 Jsil prisons" to work on rosds. buildings .“s ‘5'217 'Eisfsrs to My Music; Statugs Annotstod. 194 . “94- ESW YORK Qgsn_nsrkst snlsst Hot sllsvsd. Gan. Bus. 69' Soscinl Conditions! (Labeling hold unconstitutional no unduo intsr. srsncs a th intsrstnts connotes.) Penal Gods 6d0*' to printing or photo engraving to bo dons by prisonsrs for uss of tho stnts szo .t for uss or the gounrtnsnt of Corrections. or ths Dopnrtnont Social wslfnrs. Corroctions l76"’ contrnot or loasgi Hot slloved. Gorrsctions 170 State-u.st flay lssss turns to ts ussd h: prison for stons quarrying :35 crushing rook» or for fnraing. Corrsotions 73 Try to acts goods sssdsd by tbs ststs snd the stats must buy. Corrections 18% flake periodic survsys to son vhnt stats nssds and what its dustriss will best asst thoss needs. stats Finnncs 163°"' Surplus tars product sxchnngss bstsssn institutions. Btsts rinsncs 177 nftor nosds of state bars tssn not. any work convicts on public buildings sto. may contract hstwssn units of governnsnt for tho supplying of tho prison products. Corrections 17? any work.on rosds. public buildings and in- Corrsotions 179 business Law 'Ofiafsrs to renal Codo.l360- 35- "‘Refsrs to Correction Lav. ssssggfgp. to éfigtg_P nancs Lav. ~93. RQRTB OAEOLIRA gpen nnrket_snlest Rot allowed. 14-346' Excludes sale of cotton. corn. grain and other processed or unprocessed agricultural products including seed: nlso. stone quarrisd by prinonnrs or noel or chart mined by prisoners Contract or lenses fin: contract the labor but control remains with the I tnte 0 143.6 Hay furnish labor to farmers in an emergency. its-70.1 (Eurntion plus 6) State-use: Hay cake in its institutions any products needed by its ' institutions. 14-346 Shall coke tags and stats shnll buy. 148-8 State ngrioultnrs Eepertment expressly sutnorized to contract for prison labor on test ferns sto.. also may be hired out to the cities and towns. 148-66 May be nonigncd to work.for other ststs departments and institutions. 148-33 rublio so s and workst Judges shsll sentencs enough to the county Jni s to keep tns city end county rosds. buildings etc. in rs- pair. 14 33 (Prison camps for road work seen to be the hub of this system» The control of the stats prieonors seams to be in the hands of the highway department.) ‘Refers to the General Statutes of north Carolina 1943. -96- $0313 fldfifiTA Oven market sales: So mention. ‘Srteoiel conditions: Mew bw hides and sell lenther at wholennlo. not less than ans side of leather may be sold to one nummeer. Also. my ten the hides brought in by the tumors. $548338" Coffins any be made by prison lnbor and sold. on the open market. Must be marked. 13-4809-10 Binder twins end cordngs operated for the benefit of the state and epnnrsntly sold on the spa market. 13—4231 Contractwar lengni flat allowed. 13-4806 *itnte-use: Signs and tags are to to cede. 12~4812 i‘ubl in were and sorts: Jail prisoners no: work on streets. public work: etc? 13-4431 Stats prisoners any sort st stats institut- tions. on the grounds. highways. streets. st the capitol etc. 13-4803 ‘Eefers to 33th Dgatg. Revised Code of 1943. ~9T- OHIO 0?On market‘sales: Hot nllowei. 2338-1” 3—” in: sell crushed rock. road building and o: 113st- in; setsrlals on open nerket. 2335-1 gpooiel conditiongc Hay sell power from the power ylant in the nays' Industrial School on the market. 2099 Printing nna binning done only for prison or the Department of rublio welfare. 3305 (Cannot print on the auto tag enseioyos. A.G. opinion #776) Total number of prisoners employed making any one kind of goods may be no nors than 10% of the total number of people outside making the some kind of goods. unless not more than 50 prisoners are smgloyed. 3244 Contract or lease! Eot allowed. 3338 (Apparently nullifies 7537 which ellowoi contracting.) Stateduee: Eighwmy dennrtnant shfill let prison knov whnt materials t will need so the nrinon In? furnish same. 7508 Make articles nonded by the state end will con llct as little as possible with established industries of the state. 13929 As much as possible. uss prisoners for work on the bulli- ings etc. at the reformntory. £130 Inmates or Jails or workhounes may not be farmni out out any sake articles for the state institutions. aaa?-l Make building materials for the state. crushed rock; brick. tile. culvert pipe. eto. - may sell to sub-diviolons. 3330 En: loose lime beds for material to be suppliod to the highway denartment. Compulsory state-use. 3343 tublic wgzg ens works: way be used on roads if not neoded in tho prisons or Jails. 7498 inefers to Feoe'! 0hio_9enoral Code Annotated. 1933. -98- omnmm Goon sarket soles: If state and sub-divisions don't make on agree- ment to buy entire cutout of prisons. than state may coll products of nriaon labor on the Open market. An: products not generally ends in Cilnhoos. 74-1331" Soeciel conditions: =5urplus perishable agricultural products may be '0 s 4. 4.3!. Sell begging and twins {or cotton on murkot. 57-221 Hoke for: wagons and implements and soil to the terrors. 57-261 Raise and sell pure certified seed to the ferners. 57-31l ~ Sell harness to farmers. and ten hidas for prie vats persons. 57-321 - anoes sold only to state institutions. . ids-ks lice rock and line for egriculturol fertiliser end sell to public. 57-27?" (with the exceoticn of the line in 6?-3?7". some of the above may be partly nullified by the provision in Open Market Qolos paragraph above. as this was the letest enendmont to the not. 1939. toaster. generally speaking. it is believed thxt the above cen still be sold on the open nerket). Contract or loose: Forbidden-(Ccnetitution Article 23. too. 2). state-nee: Key instell e plent for fabricating structurel stool or idgee for the stete and counties end sub-divisions. Also for public buildings. 57-136 Raise produce and livestock for the institutions. 57-373 State institutions shell and political sob-divisions I” Eli's 7b13“ . Set up industries es such es possible for state-use. 74-123 Key work.ccnvicte at other state institutions on mainp tenenos etc. 57-213.. Egplic ways and works: tork on roads. buildings. granite quarries. public works oto. 57-58 txefers to Okleho _ Statutes Annotated 193?. t'hefers to 'h_5ugp omen ions Statutes Annotated._l§3?. .99- Odfiflflfl Goon market salest Opes mket sales unlawful except that flax may . .0 s 137.1“. ongoing conditions: Labeling required. 127-l013 tents-sot or lease: Contacting forbidden. 127-404 (ficoovar. it seems kc y tron 127.131. that it would be penltted in order to clear usisproved lend. end the stete say sell the wood therefrom) lttete-uset Shell encourage the state-use industries end the esp o sage between the institutions. uey'vork on state-osned loud it it doesn‘t interfere with free labor. Sale or exchange of prison products of Oregon with other states forbidden. 137-1008 .‘Mblio sags endiorkm nay be worked on highways. state institutions end otherwise for the stste. 131.121 thereto to Dram Ogmgilsg Egg Anuotsted. 1939. “Q00- P‘TL,§E3'37LVAHIA Open narkst Igloo: Apparentlf’IIIOUOd. SnBCiel conditions: He: use prison labor to utilise natural resources around western Penitentiery. tiny dig rock or other minomls. exceot cog. make it into products end sell the: on market. 5 - Must trend goods. 61.251 Prison labor not to be used on bridges or like struetures requiring skilled labor. 61-239 The number of county prisoners used in on: one industry is limited to 5% of the whole number of inmates in the ssnufsctsrs of broons end brushes end hollow were. 10} in any other kind of’nonurncturing done elsewhere in the state by free labor. Hey go as high as 20} in the manufacturing of nets and netting. Doesn't epply'to goods made for the stste. 51-191 fiontrset or lessee than existing contreots run out. savior in banal! 0 I‘Qtfis b1’1‘1 Bo contracting of labor. 61-143 state-use! Sell surplus printing or printed products to state. U.s.. su divisions etc. 61-161 £ork at turning. delaying. construction for the state end sub-divisions. roads. county terns. making reed material etc. Glolol Fublic sgzs end.vor§!t Yes. see Statswuse. 'Hefers to Purdue's Penngzivnnis Statutes Annotated, lSdO. ~101- RHQDE I3LA§D es snrhst sale I Opes ssrkst ssles of prison products illegal. 64-21: (anaconded during the war so goods could be proouccd and sold to the Federal sgencies.) Contract or loans: Forbidden. 54nd State-use: Prcncte stete-uoe industries. 64-1 Statoduss monastery. 64-3 Jail prisoners used for the benefit of the state. 3o is! of the stete constrssd so so to give say town the claim on the state for the iebor of consists. 6l-23 rublic says and works: Ray work prisoners on state roads. 55-3n ‘Refsrs to Gonorsl Less of Rhcds Island. 1936. ~103- $OUTR CARQLIEA Coon enrkst soles: Appsrsntly permitted. contract or lenses Yes. May cancel esnuIeoturing “ad 3311133 903‘ tracts and operate prison industries my end for tho otato it desirable. 1966* Ha: lease and contract prison labor but accord- in: to the Constitution (1895wtrticle 12. Section 9). the stste still retains control over the unintensnce etc. of prisoners. Stet sol Penal institutions oust to: their strips. ornrolls. Egirts end other clothing fro- the stete prison. 1353 (not s couplets state-use roouirnlsnt.) Public vn§s and sorts: One county new loses to enotner county for on 0 ways on works. 3834 Ray work convicts on highways. public works. at the state college end other institutions. 1964 no: work.on chain can: on the road while ssoitiug trisl is some counties. 1960 “Refers to Code of 53w! 3! 3onth.Cnrglinn, 1942. ~103- SOB?H DAKOTA fiosn eerknt s s s Supt. of Industries shell sell products to the e ere . s ntce or sub—division government and to inuiviouals. 365-"' Soecinl conditioner Binder twins and osrdnge shall he prouucod end so on the open market. Roserrs 350.000 pounds Cock your for stste residents. AbOVO thst on: soil to dealers who will re“ sell. 13.4301’ Rug factory authorissdl¢ sales to all organiza- tions end individuals. Bed-6" Shoe factory authorised - soles restricted to governments. no open.norket. 265-130. Contract or lesser Ho: contrsct with institutions and inéividunls or manufacturing and furnishing of auto pistes. markers signs etc. and nnything else that this squionent is capable of making. 55.1707. 5tnte~uee| any work in quarries. torus etc. for the institutions. . 732* Flutes. enrkers. signs. etc. ends and the state honori- seats Inst buy these articles. 55.1708' Public w s end vorkst hey be worked on the streets and roads. huild~ ngs e c. 18' 'Refers te South anbt God of 1939. ages sorbet soles: Yes. see belcs. Sneoiel conditions: commission nay coll coal end coke from the state n nos en nonufeotures to best interests of the state. 12069' way sat up shape and manufacture and sell to en:- ons products of the stste shops. try to reduce to e nininun. cos- petition with free labor and industry by selling at prices as vill protect the best interest of the state and saintain oarninss of prisoners st nor with free labor. 13335 (Prison goods would sieply sell st same price as free goods. no adrentnge being token due to the cheap labor surply.) if stste can't note enough contracts it nay take up the state's encount system and sell on the open mgrLot or to d661.”e 12306 Policy ts reduce cool produced on state-owncd property to shot is needoi by state institutions. aha by 1959 it shall be unlawful to sell noel or ocel products lined by orison labor to anyone except the state or sot-divisions. loaol.l-2" Contract>or_lsnsest Hay be contracted to rsilroed ocoonnioo to do gracing c? eny'R.R. extension into the coel lends or the state. 1219? Commission soy asks ccntrecte for solo or manufacture of produce by prison lstcr. Contractors furnioh own res netsriels etc. Stste~ussi Work convicts on ferns. in hospitals sr‘U.3. Bopartmont 0 Agriculture. 12181 Must buy plates from prison. 12209 The governor has custody of the public eras and may snploy convicts to cleen and keep then is order. 178 Public ways and works: Rood work. public buildincs etc. Hay not up portable vorxhouses for the root gangs. 13010 'Rofers to fillien's Tonnoesss Code Annotated! 1934. "hefers to 193? Boga. f Hillian‘e Tenn sees God at tot. 1934. ' ' ~105- TEKKS coon market sales: Unlawful ll37i—l" ' (Les 61560 still on books sllowing open market U“... ”Want. 113?“: 1. latest. 1941.) EoQCinl conditions! He sole of prison goods selio unleoo they ore one so. 616628' (flow would only apply to goods sold to stets institutions since passage of 1137i~l) Encourage cotton farmers ts toy send from orient systes. System will try to dorlep e better planting seed. 6303f (lee on books. can't be sure how llzfi-l effects it. hos- ser. probably nullifies it.) Contract or loose! Eot allowed. 6166s State-uses Inetrnotod to reech en egreenent with the institutions to taro produce of the prison systen. 6303; Tags shall be made st prison end bought tron tho prison. Eighoey department any st its discretion toy wooden signs iron the prison. 6675e-13 Shall work on the prison terms. 3hgll buy such prison products when the purchaoe nouns eoonosioel. oaosa¢~o 63703 Public wags end workst Shall york on the state perks. ’Eefers to Vernon's Taxes Statutes 1936. "Hefors to Vernon forms statutes l.t3 8 lament. "taefers to ornon s torn: Sta utesl 1933 Suggleeont. -106- UTAH Coon nerket sales: Forbidden 55-9-87. special conditions: Goods cost be labeled. 35.9.33 Controot_or lease: Forbidden 85-9-3l. Apparently say still bind out sinore from the industriel School with the consent of the par- ents to serve es soprsntioes or servants. 35-6-11 State-use: Diversify industries es noon es possible so no not to nterfore with lines osrricd on by oitissns. 85-9-31 Public ways eni.work 1 Use on roads end to prepsrs road materials. Also on irrigst on ditches. csnels etc. for the drainage and irrigation of state lends. 85-9-59 *Rofsrs to Egan codewnnnotntsdl_194fi. v10?“- VEMW? 92:; ssrksi salts: fio ssnsiss. Contra) or lanes: flay contms for labor of tho prisoners. inoids or outsids of in. soils. 997v Sins-use: Gin pursuance to prim products. 9974 Fuhlio s a and tutorials: Kay work on tho "Ids. 0008 motors to Vegas! sum”, 3' vigia g! p". -109~ VIRGIHIA ggsn narkst sales: 5s. holds. ggocinl conditions: no ponnl institution shall sell or exchange ssod cornfto ho usod for agricultural purposos on ihs open narnnt. 3-218‘ Prison labor any ho usod in line. oysteranoll and anti grinding. and in the quarries and thoso products may no sold on tho upon mnrkot. having duo regard to tbs righis and intorssis of all citizens. not nors than ono cariond to nny purchnotor in any ons yon: if thorn srs sny oihsr nppiiontions to ho fillod. 3-138-144 Printing shop-produnis srs to ho sold to tho stats onlz. 53-64 Unlawful for any poison in tho sisto in buy. ssll oto. on opsn nsrnss. any goods ands by prison lsbor in any oihsg stnis. 63-74 ' May use prison lsbor si ins Hollyvood uni Oaksood oonotnrios to keep in tho ordot tbs grsyos and sections snersin srs burisd ins Confodsrsts soldiors of tho army of Eorthern Virginis. 33-56 Prison lsbor nay ho usod is sssisi ins farmers in tho harvssting and housing of food nnd food crops if an smorgsnoy ssists and if paid wages (to the stats) cospnrsbls to those psid frss labor in iho ssaiion. 53-11 to 17 (Fsrno;s criovod undsr tho ssod corn provision nay nus in circuit owns Contract or Isnggi May nnks nos contracts if noossssry. to hoop pri- sonsrs busy. tints-nos: Prison inbor ussd no such ns possibls in making goon: nssdsd by tho sinis. 63-61 ?no ststo shall and local units say pusohsso any prison products thnt ihoy land. Public says and works: nay snploy on roads. publio builiingo. nay orn s convici rosd tones for nso by tho sinus highway degarinont. and cities any torn chain gangs to sort on city sad county :trsois. 53-109 snd 53-163 Hay also sort convicts on inn stats arms 0 “motors to the Gods of Virginia Annotatei. 1999. -109- WASEIHGGOfi ‘ggon snrkotisnlost tilessd botsson Juno 1 and Jon. 1. too below. ficociol conditionoa Ho srticlss mods for solo at tho state prioon excogt Jute tsbrios .nc brick. 10221' Juto groin cock: and other fnbrics and proiuots nods st ths priocn shall ho sold directly to the farmers. wool crovsrs. oyotsr growers actually engagod in tho production of tho sons. Eo sacks sold to anyons not so scanned. Botcoon.Juno l nnd January 1. thcy any dicposs of‘ggz prison product including" groin cocks in tho opon nnrksts of tho world to tho boot intorsst of tho stato. 10353 Shall apportion tho socks srcund the ctnts sccording to the proiuction of tho ncovo. not nocsosnry to apportion botwoon G/l and 1/1 because thoy nro sold on the cpon nnrkot. (?ho only reason that can be given for the above is that it in n nossurs to protect the {armors fro- tho possibility of not gstting their bags. this being tho sossOn when they would ordinarily be using than or getting thon road: to not.) May soll cruohsd rock for rosds snd stronts to tho boot advantngs of tho stnto. 10273 (fiuring tho var cams convicts worn nrynrontly used in cannorios. on farms stc. if such plncsmsnt was oh'ol by tho 8333 to tho affect that no othor labor was nvnilnhlo. nlso thst thorn was no labor dioouts going on in which prisoners could bs unsd ss striksbrsoksrs.) Contract or loosst Unlawful (Constitution Art. 8. Soc. 39) Stato-usos hay bs suplcyoa nt quarrying and rock:crnshing or othsr o s noting material for roads. 10271 any work in honor cnnps ostabliohod for roforootrntion or clearing land. 10249-22" Public says and works: work on public roads. buildings etc. 10190 *aofors to Rani _to n' Rovisod Statutes of wnshizfiton, 193;. "Rofors to * nionon‘ o? Haul ton‘s antic tn utog cg ~110- HES? VIRGIBIA Onon onrkot solos: Unlawful to soil on tho opon ssrkot prison products. ovor. does not oppiy to goods prodnood prior to Juno 7. 1939. 5773Ir5' Contract or loss : fin? to hirsd cr*ccntrnntsd out on s nioco nrics 53sis or otiorwiso. 2?tt (Probably not lognl to lot contracts for goods not producod hotoro 6/1/39. but goods produood bstors any to con- trsctod for.’ stats-cogs Try to Inks srticlos noodod by tho stnto. most buy prison products if thsy soot rosscnnhlc requirs- Jon‘s. 2173(h) 7 ( )Togs. signs nods and soot bo bought tron tho prison. 2 41 1 Public s'vs ond.sorkst Kay bs‘nsod.sl.roodss rook pits. crushing plants oto. or rssd notorisls. lows lMitofsrs to Ho t V nio Gods of 1943 Annototod. ~111- V1313 92-23 111 Goon norkot onlost Bo solos on opon.snrkot osoont torn machinory. or: inplononts and tools. cordngs rcpo sud ply goods and twins. 56.06 finooinl conditions: Shnll oaks bindsr twine and sell to tho hoot n oroot o tho stnts. 56.02 Contract or looaot no sontion. Tho only thing that would be contracted on d o .o orticlos ozcludod tron tho open market prohibition lbO" o stats-usol flay oaks products for tho ststo snd sub-divisions and for 0 9r .M'ofifio Public on s and works! May work on prison forms. public buildings. too o. oto. .03 . ’Eofors to tiscggois Statutgll l94 . «411- WYOMING Goon ssrkot solos: fioy sell sny product on tho open sorhnt that the s n e or s ivioions don't buy. 19-1009‘ (in 1886. s lus‘vss passed sod is still on the books although it ‘I apparently nullified by 19-1009 above. thst forbade connoti. tion with free lsbor. Soldos do so see tho process moving in m. M". dim“no) Spools; conditions: No snteriol used for the erection of builiings is *to o s d cospotition vith established locol industry. 19-1009 Agriculturol..hortioultnrol. sechanicnl yroaucts nsy bs sold on florist fro- the Endnstrisl institute. 19-1310 Contract or losses toroidden. horoVer. one section leoros some toast. t says the no convict ohnll be controctod to be used in any sins or occupation when the product of his labor sill connoto with soy citizen of the stats. however. when his maintenance costs can to out by smploymont in some occunntion not too hard or unhealthy. contrscting is alright. 19-105 (Gonorolly speaking. it is believed that controcting is not used.) . state-use: Employed for the benefit of the stoto in soy industry. 006 ' work the prisonors on the prison torus. State purohosinc officer shall grefer stats nods goons. 19-1501 Public on s and works! Work on roads. public buildings. works oto. 15:5901 'aetsrs to '119- FEDERAL CODE Ogen market sales! whoever transports. allows to he transported. side in transporting in interstate conneroe. goods ends by prison labor is sobjeot to s $1000 fine or 1 year. Does not neply to seeds node in Federal prisons for the Federal government of goods node in state prisons for stete governments or their nub-divisions. Does not soply to ports for the repeir of tens nechlnery or to I‘310u1‘“r‘1 pdeUU‘Ie (T1‘1. 18s 3965). Interstate transportation or importation of goods thet ore to he sold. received or possessed or need in violation of any law of s state. territory otc.. is illognl. (Title 18. 396h) (these acts make the interstate transportation of oriaon ends goods e Federal offense. Also certain other featurae note these goods subject to the less of the etste es regarding prison products. See Appendix to Chapter iii this paper. for comglete test.) Epooinl oonditionet where federal old is being given for public sir- port development. the oontreots Inst provide that no prison labor will he used. 49-1114o ' ho prison labor employed on projects financed by the R.?.C. 15‘605b(6) Ho prison labor employed on 9.3.A. projects under the Emergency Public Forks. 40-408 The U.3. Raritino Gone. does not hove to buy prison prodnots es per 18-?sdg beles. th-llltt Foreign prison products made hr prison labor or forced later er indentured labor any not be imported. .Does not soply to goods so ends which are not produced in the U.;. in snoh onentity ss to sent the consumptive dennnds of the 3.3. 19-130? steling required of prison product: made by prison labor sod saving in interstate conoeroe. 16-176a (snob Igoeds night he soving free e Federal prison ts e redornlernnoy in ”toother state or iron one state prison to another state prions .‘Ce Diversify the industries so as no single orivete industry ehsll he forced to beer es undue hordes of competition tron prison inter. 18-?i4k Federal Prison Industries - 6 directors! 1.- lndoetry. 2.— labor. 3.-ngrionltnre. s.-nttorney Gonarnl. 5.-neteilers and consumers. .?rivste interests old in determining whet industries should be set up snd the extent of their opore- tiens. 18-4131 Contract or lessen Eot slloved. Ales. states thst are keeping Tedersl prisoners may not hire then out i! such e practice is allowed in thet state. 18-708 ’heTers to the U.S. €0de "1533 edition. ~113— State-nee: All Federal deportmts. sgoncies eto. shell hormone prison pro note as may nest their roaguironente. 18-74115 than Federal prisoners are confined in state prisons. they so: only be employed on publio works. institution core etc. for the state or sub-division. they no: not work under omtrocte or on Jets where the products will so into the open markets. 13-?53t z’n‘olio em and works: Work on publio works. reforestation. roads eto. 10-744} . APPEIDIX II ~115- , Rowen-Cooper not (January 19. 1939. ch. 79. Sec. 1. 3. 4. 5. Statutos 1084. soon. ll) sec. 1 Thnt.sll goods. verse. and merchandise. manufactured. produced or ninod. wholly or in pert ty'eenvicts or prisoners oxoept convicts or prisoners on parole or probation. or in any penal cud/or roformetory institution. except econodities ennufooturcd in federel penal and correctionel institutions for use by the Federal Government. trons— ported into any Stets or Territory of the United States col remaining therein for nos. consumption. solo or storsgo. shall upon arrival end delivery in such State or Territory to subject to the operation and effect of the love of such State or territory to the extent cud in the some manner as though such goods. worse and merchandise had been produced. nonufnctured or lined in such Stete or Territory and shell , not to except therefros or resson of being introduced in tho originei pecksgs or otherwise. See. 2 This not shall inks effect olyosrs sftor the date of orprovol. lots: rho Knees-cooper not sinply'lsde coeds shipped into n state free the prison of oncthor stste. subject to the less of the state into whose Jurisdiction the goods were shipped. so the ease lens that {:fuletod its one prison products would to epplioetle to those shipped the Ashorst~3ueeors Act ends the tronspertotioo of priocn pro- dusto fro- one state to soother e Federal offense if they worn to he sold or used in riolntion of thnt state's lav. Also node the person thot received the goods or sold thee. subject to the federal loo. fille- Ashurst-Sulssrs Act (July 34. l935. Ch. 412. so Stet. 494. Sees. I) Sec. 1 That it shell he snlnsful for nay person knowingly to trans- port or cause to be transported. in.eny manner or by say nouns whatso- ever. or eid or sseiet in obtaining transportation for or in transport- ing any goods. worse and merchandise. manufactured. produced or ninod. wholly or in port by convicts or prisoners except convicts or prisoners on parole or proontion. or in any penal or reformntor? institution. from one State. territory. Pusrto Rico. Virgin lelnnds or District of the United Btstee. or place noncontinguous out sthect to the Jurisdic- tion thereof. or from any foreign country. into any State. Territory." Fuerto Rico. Virgin islands. or flietrict of the United ttntce. or piece noncontllscus but subject to the Jurisdiction thereof. wharo said seeds. wares and merchandise ere intended by any person interested thoroin to be received. poeseecod. sold. or in any non-er used either in the original package or otherwise in violation of any law of ouch otnte. Territory. Puerto Rico. Virgin Islands or histrict of the'finited 3tetee or place noncontintiguous but subject to the Jurisdiction thereof. nothing herein shall apply to commodities nnnufectured in Econrnl penal and correctional institutions for the use fly the Federal chornnont. ten. 3 All pnckngns oontsining goods. verse. sud merchandise. nonu- fnctured. produced or mined. wholly or in.pnrt oy convicts or prisoners. except convicts and prisoners on parole or nrchntion. or in var penel or refornetory institution. “hen shipped or transported in interotste or torsign concerns shall be pininly'end clearly marked. so that the nose end address of the shipper. the cane end address of the consignee. the nature of the contents. end the nuns end loostion of the penal er reforuntory institution where produced wholly or in pert may be readily escortsined es an inspection of the outside of esch package. too. 8 Any person Violetlnc sly provision of this not and noon courie- tion thereof. be punished by e tins of not sore than $1000 and ouch 50060. worse and merchandise shall be forfeited to the United ointes end any be seined and condemned hr like proceedings so those provided for the eeisuro and forfeiture of property leperted into the finited states contrnry to law. Rec. 4 Any rioldors of this not shell be prosecuted in.nny court he!- ing Jurisdiction of crime within the district in which said violation was coneitted. or tron. or into which such goods. wares. or manufac- tures any have been curried or treasoorted. or eny Territory. otnte. Puerto Rico. Virgin islsnds or the District of Columbia contrnry to the provisions of this not. Approved July 24. 1935 ~11.- W .. mix. ’0 ‘7”. m. I“. -.m1.m.m.mmum.m “87. :7“... m. 3331-3. ”IO-73¢ m a“. 10573. 1071:. I”. ”.mp.m.m.mm.m.m.mm-iamm. “.0 3M '70. n“... I“. 131‘. ' “0 m1. ’0 “0?. mum: can“... on Print and his. In». M Bu '0“. 1.“. m.- mumu Wu“. uni-min w a. you. in. luiioui common on Print- an! Prion W. W0 i- m. an. lain.) can... an Prim at Prim mm. Militia firing Labor. 0. W. In You. 1335. M- Dom-m o! om- Wm Ban... lulu Wm. for rum mm.- K‘ll Nu , 210m”. Damn. 'i‘ho Pris Oman . Roam. “an: Christophe: mulching Hm. 6.0!”. John 3.. and Andrew. John B... Priggifiu of Lam Insulation. In York: tin-pot and Bron mun. Danny. The 300mm? of John Mu K23. Eu York: Prunes-Hal . no... . PW! Kano. and ‘3er. l.- (”ng3. PhnWI ‘ 0" Mo. 1940. 3010'. “b1“ 00. w PFbl.” m m m. I“ Y.'k. PM‘uC‘Hdl Mo. 3 c Robina. Loni. I... syga PE 323" With Philadelphia. Penn-z J“. c. Willi“ .0. W . ‘ ' . J...“ ...-V_ . ' _....- 3‘ .. "."3 a ~119- ~ 10. 1 cl V002; (Ber. 17. 193‘). Eng as ' 10. -2 1934). , 6:2: €0.19352.)3358. 5013‘. 11. 19$ 0 Q 90 1914). «.8- r . VCle 0 LVII! (AP. 18. am: £3 a aoaparu. 5: i g 9 69. t um: (July 4. 193.3). £ item Dime out... .13.... m. m. t h 7. :34) 706- ii: (2232.1;35)..1151.?:56. xxgxgi (Mar. 1929). 541 ‘* (Jan. 1931). 128223. xiggix (hazy 1933). 1339-30. x3§v111 (Mar- 1934)551-¢3. ~ )I 6 . IA“ I 1934). 1 (Mar. 1935 . ?3-4 x11x ‘DOOi935). 73-3 and Eli(g§:;i. 1935). 222:2: xi! (Sefii. 1935). 1039.95. x (30'. 1935). 21.53. le1: (Aug. 1933). 2;3.6°‘. ‘i‘fi (we. 19mg“ 1 x (July 194%) L, 21%“. :;111 (Aug. 1945). 930. $670 13. 1 ft Times. 16' ‘ E01. 33 and.16. d 19. Sept. 3 (3906 I!) ' "“o 5 an may a . 1933. m. mun... w. m. can... M. w. m. . . m m. m. "out. w. m. m. w. m. m. , 193‘- J a 22. not. 13 ‘S’°‘ t1). : rch 2* a; ;:‘o 38! 1:33;. 1'11 12? ’ s" 23 . . . 32°. 13 a {0. 213(3):“ I"). 1933;» M18" 15, 1930. Jul- w' "b. 13.. Jul! 5 (faz'n). 1981- 37, 19:33. 3“. 250 #9,. 10. Aug.‘3 (JG SQP‘. 1" Hb" 13. 1934. h" ‘3? J33. 12 (“W 113' 16. 1?. 3‘” ‘1? 31. JW “”11 his“ 270 gov. “mt-w; V). ”tn 6. 198:5. hb- 5' . Mar- 31 “ 0M0 31' , 192:5. . . 30. lab. 50 13 rev. ‘1. J‘” 3.3. 13, 1937. r ' 17. 00‘. ”fl 3. kfl‘I . 3’35" 2%.:qu: 3p}. 130 W I a an. a 38. 1939. 3.9‘.“24.3:15? 29. Jun. 14; 1:5”. H". is: July 3. Sept. 2 . Jill ‘ “5, .0 1943; 0°" ;. #3:..1‘. 1944. 3"! . ‘0'. ‘. 1945. 30'. 34. 19430 M p ‘n ... «f ..I, {.3 “.t. ‘ “an . i . ’ck‘. 1.11.... J. ....145erdaw.§dud VPVH and: s”~:..* ' . i a. I ‘ ‘1' (.0. _ . MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY L BRARIES I 0 3 1193 03082 028