"Q' 'v-v— —"

’—

 

 

A TAXONOMIC STUDY OF THE ALGAE
m PARK LAKE, CLINTON COUNTY,
MICHEGAN

7'

( 

Thesis for the {)egree of M. S.
WCHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY
NORMAN A. ANDRESEN
1968

minus

 

L I B R A R Y
Michigan Sz ate
University

 

’ "II-“C I'll-III I

   

 

1‘ unmav muons f

ABSTRACT

A TAXONOMIC STUDY OF THE ALGAE IN PARK LAKE,
CLINTON COUNTY, MICHIGAN

BY

Norman A. Andresen

The investigation was undertaken with the following
objectives:
1) to compile a species list of the algal flora in the
lake and record the habitat for each taxon;
2) to record the time of year when the taxon was found
to be in the lake; and
3) to contribute to the knowledge of the algal flora
of Michigan.
The methods used to collect algae included:
1) plankton hauls using a N00 20 silk bolting cloth
plankton net;
2) scraping of natural and artificial substrates;
3) squeezing living aquatic plants and non-living
debris; and
4) the taking of bottom samples.
The samples were examined in the living condition and pre-
served in 6:3:1 solution (water-95% alcohol—Formalin) or FAA

solution (formalin-acetic acid-alcohol) for subsequent study.

Norman A. Andresen

Each algal collection was examined until no additional taxa
were observed. Camera lucida drawings were made of each
taxon and measurements of each were recorded as well as the
time of year that the taxon appeared. Alkalinity and pH
data were recorded for the lake during a ten month period.
The author identified a total of 132 algal genera and
335 specific and infraspecific algal taxa from the lake. Of
these taxa 27 are newly recorded for Michigan, 12 are newly
recorded for North America and two are new to science. An

algal bloom was observed in the summer of 1967.

A TAXONOMIC STUDY OF THE ALGAE IN PARK LAKE,

CLINTON COUNTY, MICHIGAN

BY

Norman A. Andresen

A THESIS

Submitted to
Michigan State University
in partial fulfillment of the requirements
for the degree of

MASTER OF SCIENCE

Department of Botany and Plant Pathology

1968

r- I) ’h'
4:455és”’

I I/.' I.)

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

Throughout this study and during the preparation of the
thesis several persons were especially helpful. To these
the author is greatly indebted and wishes to exPress a
sincere appreciation. He does so not in a prefunctory way
that might be used in customary thesis acknowledgments, but
in a true sense of indebtedness to those who generously gave
their time, energy and advice. The written word often falls
short of conveying the intent and full meaning of an author,
but it is hoped that those to whom this acknowledgment is
addressed will appreciate the spirit in which it is offered.

To Dr. G. W. Prescott, my major professor, who gave
inspiration, guidance and friendship throughout this study
I wish to express my sincerest appreciation. I wish to
thank Drs. R. C. Ball, E. S. Beneke, J. C. Elliott, I. W.
Knobloch and W. E. Wade, members of my guidance committee,
for their helpfulness and their critical advice.

I also wish to thank Mr. Darryl D. Fritze who assisted
in the typing of the manuscript and Mr. Garrett E. Crow, who
also assisted in the typing and generously offered his help
during the final stages of this work. The comments and

encouragements of Mr. Dennis C. Jackson of Eastern Michigan

ii

University were greatly appreciated. Special thanks must be
given to Mr. Forrest M. Begres, formerly of Eastern Michigan
University, who helped in and confirmed the author's identi-
fication of diatoms.

I also wish to acknowledge assistance of the Botany and
Plant Pathology Department of Michigan State University for
supplying financial assistance and Dr. Richard Solberg,
Director, The University of Montana Biological Station for
the use of laboratory space.

Finally, I wish to thank my wife Sandra for her

encouragement throughout this study.

iii

TABLE

LIST OF TABLES . . . . . .
LIST OF PLATES . . . . . .
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . .
THE LAKE . . . . . . . .
General Information .
Type and Classification
Previous Survey of Park
MATERIALS AND METHODS . .
Biological Sampling .
Permanent Stations

Incidental Stations

OF CONTENTS

Lake . . .

Duration of Sampling . . . . .

Methods and Equipme
Examination Procedu
Collection Notes .
Chemical Sampling . .
Stations . . . . .

Factors Measured .

nt . . .

re . O . .

Duration of Sampling . . . . .

Methods and Equipment . . . .

SUMMARY OF BIOLOGICAL SAMPL

ING O O O 0

iv

Page
vi

vii

12
12
12
13
13
14
15
15
16
l6
l6
l6
17

18

Page

SUMMARY OF CHEMICAL SAMPLING . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
SYSTEMATIC LIST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
APPENDIX

I. Annotated list of vascular aquatic plants in
Park Lake from the Institute for Fisheries
Research, Department of Fisheries, Michigan
Department of Conservation, 1938 . . . . . . . 114
II. Qualitative analysis of the algae in Park
Lake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116

BIBLIOGRAPHY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136

Table
l.

2.

LIST OF TABLES

Newly Recorded Taxa . . . . . . . . . . .

Summarization of Park Lake Water Chemistry

vi

Page
19

25

LIST OF

Cyanophyta, Chlorophyta
Chlorophyta . . . . . .
Chlorophyta . . . . . .
Chlorophyta, Euglenophyt

Euglenophyta . . .

vii

PLATES

Page

105

. . . . . . . . . . . . 107
. . . . . . . . . . . . 109
a . . . . . . . . . . . lll

. . . . . . . . . . . . 113

INTRODUCTI ON

Park Lake represents a rapidly aging, eutrophic lake in
southern Michigan, where 'time' and the disturbance of man
are causing a profound and destructive influence. As in
many Michigan lakes pollution of various kinds is rapidly
annihilating them for water supplies, for recreational use
and for home sites.

In the Spring of 1966 it was suggested to the writer by
Dr. G. W. Prescott that he consider Park Lake as a possible
area for conducting an investigation of the algal flora.

The habitat of the flora has been undergoing a modification
and a record of the present state was desirable in reference
to the changing water quality for future study.

Park Lake is of interest because it has been neglected
biologically and chemically even though it is very close to
the Michigan State University campus and phycology classes
have made incidental collections there for many years espe—
cially during the spring. Knowledge of the biota and the
lake chemistry are pertinent both for the history of this
lake and for comparison with other lakes in southern Michigan.
Further, the lake is of interest because the physiography and

the hydrography together with pollution factors present a

unique combination of characters. The individuality of Park
Lake results in part from its extreme shallowness; high per—
centage of floating and emergent vascular aquatic plants;
and its pollution, organic and inorganic, by the residents
of the area.

Therefore it is appropriate to examine the lake and to
add to our knowledge of the biota as it exists now for
future reference. Accordingly the investigation was under-
taken with the following objectives:

1) To compile a species list of the algal flora in

the lake and record the habitat for each taxon;

2) To record the time of the year when the taxon was

found to be in the lake;

3) Possibly to add to the knowledge of Michigan's

algal flora.

THE LAKE

General Information

Park Lake is located in the southeast corner of Clinton
County, Michigan (T 5 N, R 1 W, Sec. 28,29), six miles to
the northeast of the campus of Michigan State University.
The general outline is approximately pyriform with its long
axis lying in a northeast-southwest direction. It is a very
shallow, productive lake of glacial origin. In 1931 it was
described in the Michigan Lakes and Streams Directory, East
Lansing as follows:

Park Lake, Clinton County; near M 78, south of Bath,
near Lansing, 120 acres. A road touches lake. Exten-
sive resort development, boat livery, good swimming,
sand beach, woods on one side, flat land, lake much
frequented. Large- and small—mouth bass, bluegills,
perch, pike.

The situation encountered by the author is quite differ—
ent from that in the above description. The community has
deteriorated and the resort development is non-existent.
There is little use of the lake for swimming and the dirty
sand beaches are cluttered with refuse and discarded items
of every variety. It was reported by Bratt (1957) that the
Michigan Health Department had closed the beaches in years

past because of what was referred to as chemical toilet

pollution.

Along the northwest and part of the west side of the
lake there is a swampy zone with marginal vegetation includ-
ing a floating mat of Decodon verticillatus bordered shore-
ward by a zone of trees. The land beyond this is occupied
by a muck farm. Toward the south end, the Decodon mat
merges with a Larix laricina bog mat and beyond this, toward
the south there is a swampy lowland area. At the northeast
end of the lake there is a public park with a boat landing.
The complete shoreline of the public park is overgrown with
Typha latifolia. Along the northern shore there is a fish
bait shop and boat livery near an abandoned 'beach house'
which at one time apparently offered some of the same ser-
vices as the present establishment. .Most of the lake sup-
ports dense growths of partly emergent vascular aquatic
plants so that during the summer there is no large area of
open water.

The residential community almost completely encircles
the lake leaving only the margin along the Lagix_bog mat and

about one-half the Decodon mat free from residential use.

Type and Classification

The lake is eutrophic according to Thienemann's classi-
fication system as given in Odum (1959). Bratt (1957) men-
tions Park Lake as a temporate lake of the third order
according to the Forel and Whipple classification system,

with a temporary thermocline being formed when wind and wave

action are limited. Bratt did not indicate at what time of
year the thermocline occurs. Observations bear out Bratt's
statement that the lake is an eutrophic hard water type with
some marl precipitation.

The lake is surrounded by two major types of soil
according to Veatch (1953). These are: (1) Sandy loams,
plains sands or sand-gravel substratum; the land characters
being:

Undulating plains, broken by swampy depressions, in
part a complex of flats of upland and swampy lowland
irregular in shape and size. Relief 10—50 feet.
Textures mostly sandy loams, but various textures
included. Substrata locally gravelly, but also sands,
silt and clay. Stone—free or not excessively bouldery.
Acid soils; medium fertility. . . .*

and the Geologic-Pedologic relations are:

Till plains and outwash. Grey drift weathering to
reddish—yellow colors. Medium influence from lime-
stone and shale formations. Profiles on upland
mostly Grey-Brown Podzolic. Forest--on upland
mostly oaks—hickory type.*

and (2) peat mucks; with the land characters being:

Mostly swamp but includes some marsh. A few low
mounds and ridges of upland. Mostly blackish muck
on surface, but in part brown and yellow strongly
acid peat. Locally very thin deposits over variable
substratum clay, sands, marl.*

and the Geologic-Pedologic relations are:

Post-glacial accumulations. Soil characteristics
autogenous, but in local instances plant matter
highly decomposed. Strongly developed glei horizons;
locally mineral substratum strongly mottled with iron
oxide; local bog iron or pans. Forest--elm, ash,
soft maples, swamp white oak; in part tamarack.*

 

*
Veatch 1953. Legend on map.

The 1938 hydrographic survey party reported most of the
bottom to be covered by a pulpy peat of from four to twenty
feet thick.

Park Lake is, in the opinion of the author, considered
to be a highly productive lake. No direct productivity
studies were conducted during this study to evaluate the
productiveness or to give experimental data to classify the
lake as a productive lake. The lake is classified as a pro-
ductive lake on the basis of the following inferential
evidence:

1) the observation of the lake and its abundance of

vascular aquatic plants;

2) the large number of taxa recorded for the lake;

3) the algal blooms recorded for the lake (1938 "very
abundant"; 1967, present study); (On all other
occasions of water bloom reports.the lake in which
the bloom occurred was reported to be productive
and no unproductive lake has had a water bloom
recorded for it.);

4) the high alkalinity with an abundance of bicarbonate
tends to indicate production because of increased
photosynthesis. Photosynthesis has been shown to
be proportional to the concentration of bicarbonates
by Anglestein in 1910° Chambers (1912) summarizes

Anglestein's work by saying:

Anglestein ('10), working with a number of different
kinds of water plants, found that photosynthesis, as
shown by the bubble method, was proportional to the
concentration of bicarbonates present in the water

and that in distilled water, free from carbonates,

but saturated with free C02, the photosynthesis was
very slight.*

Previous Survey of Park Lake

 

In 1938 the Institute for Fisheries Research, Department
of Fisheries, Michigan Department of Conservation, conducted
a survey of the lake. This was made by a party headed by
Dr. R. C. Ball and was concerned mostly with fish and the
ecological factors affecting their biology. A list of
aquatic vascular plants (see Appendix) was compiled along
with some morphometric observations resulting in the hydro-
graphic map from which the map on page 8 was taken.

The hydrographic map of 1938 shows the area to be 185
acres with a maximum depth of 25 feet. Bratt (1957) esti-
mated the area to be 120 acres with a maximum depth of
twenty feet. Bratt also calculated the surface areas over
given depths from the 1938 map. They are:

58% of surface over a depth of less than five feet

33%.of surface over a depth of between five and ten feet

9% of surface over a depth of ten feet and greater.
With 9T% of the lake's surface over a depth of less than ten

feet or less the shallowness of the lake is emphasized.

 

*
Veatch 1953. Legend on map.

     
  
 
 
 

STATION II

BOAT SLIP

    

STATION I

 

PUBLIC LANDI'

 

 

 

TAMARACK BOG
AREA

 
 

PARK LAKE, CLINTON COUNTY T. 5 N, R. 1 W, SEC. 28,29

Redrawn from the Institute for Fisheries Research, Division

of Fisheries, Michigan Conservation Department, Lake Inven-

tory Map of August 16, 1938.

Symbols:
X — Water sampling stations and plankton stations
W - Winter plankton stations
I l
Scale: 9 . 74.0

 

 

The author was not able to obtain a recent aerial
photograph of the lake to update the above calculations of
area and surface areas over given depths. During frequent
collecting trips to the lake, the author was impressed by
the considerable area of shallow water. The observations
tend to support the calculations Bratt made concerning the
shallowness of the lake.

The 1938 survey party noted that the vegetation was
dense in most parts of the lake and that on two sides of the
lake there were extensive encroaching bogs.

In 1947 and 1948 United States Geological Survey bench
marks were established; however the author could not locate
them. The 1947 bench marks were 841.52 feet (USGS staff
gauge on concrete headwall near a boathouse and stores) and
847.75 feet (a chiseled square at the eat end northeast
corner of concrete wall supporting cyclone fence). The 1948
bench mark located approximately 75 feet south of the boat
slip, at the northeast corner of the lake, was a nail and
washer in the south root of a 28 inch elm, with the eleva—
tion 848.54 feet.

In 1957 AND. Bratt submitted a Master of Science thesis
to the Department of Zoology, Michigan State University,
East Lansing entitled A QUANTITATIVE STUDY OF THE INVERTE-
BRATE POPULATION OF PARK LAKE, CLINTON COUNTY, MICHIGAN.

The thesis provides some limited field data which as Bratt

stated, ". . . can be used for comparison in future

10

investigations of Park Lake or other aquatic habitats . . ."
along with a list of the invertebrates found during his
investigation. Some of his data have been utilized in this
work.

Since 1938 the Michigan Department of Conservation,
Department of Fisheries has maintained those records of the
lake concerned mostly with the recreational use of the lake
with specific reference to fishing. A winter fish—kill was
recorded for the year 1939. An interesting letter dated
September 10, 1943 from.M. J. DeBoer to R. S. Kocher dealt
with the possibility of using the lake for testing chemical
controls on the aquatic plants and possible algicide testing.
Apparently no further consideration was given to the pro-
posal.

Since the first records on Park Lake were kept by the
Institute for Fisheries starting in 1938, reports of pollu-
tion from chemical toilets have been entered periodically.
Ball in 1938 was the first to record information concerning
this pollution and Bratt (1957) was the most recent. During
the author's collecting trips physical evidence of pollution
was evident. The shorelines were used as a dumping ground
for all types of refuse. Residential units had direct
drains into the lake as were observed during the summer of
1967. Waste water from a household sink was observed flow-
ing into the lake proper. Outdoor sanitary units were

observed to be located within twenty feet of the lake edge

11

where the shore line was composed mainly of sand. The
garbage dump for the community is located near the edge of

the lake at the south end.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Biological Sampling

Permanent Stations

Station I was established at the onset of the investi-
gation at the northeast end of the lake (see map p. 8) about
20 feet to the north of the public boat landing in water
free from vascular aquatic plants. This location was chosen
because of wind action on the lake which is southwest-north-
east most of the time.

Station II, established 9 June 1967, was chosen for its
close proximity to Station I. It too, was at the northeast
end of the lake (see map p. 8) yet was not subjected to wave
and wind action that occurred at Station I. It was in a
vegetational opening about six feet in diameter and in about
two feet of water over approximately a foot of silty bottom
deposits.

Station III, established 3 April 1967, was near the
northwest end of the lake just to the south of a boat slip
dug into the lake from the road on the north side. The
bottom here was virtually free from vascular aquatic plants
with water about ten feet deep ten feet from the shore.

About 25—30 feet to the south from the station area was the

12

l3

edge of the Decodon mat. This station was chosen for the
purpose of comparing its flora with that of Station I.
Station I receives the most wind and wave action while
Station III is on the windward side of the lake being shel—
tered by the zone of trees along the shore and by the Decodon
mat. (It was thought that there might be some biota differ-

ences between the two stations.)

Incidental Stations

 

Samples were collected at random along the shore line
and as far out into the lake as the investigator could wade.
When a boat was available samples were collected from the
lake area inaccessible from the shore.

No permanent station was established at the southern
end of the lake during the time when there was no ice cover
because of the inaccessibility of the shore area. When a
boat was available samples were taken in the southern area
and during the time an ice cover was on the lake samples

were collected from the same general area.

Duration of Sampling

 

The collecting period began on 13 April 1966 and was
terminated on 22 November 1967 with occasional collections
made up to 5 June 1968. The occasional collections were
made for the purpose of augmenting the qualitative samples.
The collections were made weekly during June through October;
biweekly during November, December, March through May; and

monthly January and February.

14

Methods and Equipment

During the period of study 197 samples were collected.
These were placed in 4—dram (16 cc.) lip vials and stoppered
with corks. The samples were taken from floating masses,
both filamentous and non-filamentous; scrapings of any non-
living object in the water having a film or growth appearing
on its surface; scrapings of submerged parts of vascular
aquatic plants; squeezings of bottom debris and vascular
aquatic plants; from the first centimeter of bottom sub-
strate; collection of growths on animal life of the lake,
and masses chopped out of the ice cover. Plankton samples
were collected with the aid of a plankton net of No. 2 silk
bolting cloth during the months of the year when there was
no ice cover. A 1200 cc. Kemmerer water sampler was used
when there was an ice cover on the lake.

The plankton samples were taken from the same areas
(Stations I and III) throughout the collecting period with
a few incidental plankton hauls taken from other parts of
the lake (see map p. 8). When there was an ice cover thick
enough to walk on, a hole was chopped in the ice and a
Kemmerer water bottle was used to take the sample. The
water from the bottle was released into the plankton net at
the surface. This procedure was repeated until the vial
attached to the plankton net showed an accumulation of plank-

ton. The winter plankton samples were taken from various

15

parts of the lake in addition to those from the regular

stations (see map p. 8).

Examination Procedure

All of the samples were taken to the laboratory and
given a cursory microscopical examination. After the first
examination the samples were preserved with either 6 — 3 - l
(Transeau's solution, six parts water: three parts 95% ethyl
alcohol: one part commercial formalin) or with F.A.A. plus
cupric acetate (6 cc. commercial formalin: 2.5 cc. glacial
acetic acid: 100 cc. 95% ethyl alcohol: 2 gm. cupric acetate).
An equal volume of preservative was added to an equal volume
of sample. Both living and preserved samples were analyzed
and a camera lucida drawing was made of each taxon. Every
sample was examined until no additional forms were observed.

Specimens were mounted in a 5% glycerine solution and
were made into semi-permanent mounts which are in the
author's personal collection. Slides bearing new species
or new records for North America and Michigan will be made
into more permanent mounts for subsequent study and accession

to the author's collection.

Collection Notes

 

Each collection was given a code number. It appears on
each vial and slide made from the collection. The code also
appears in the taxonomic section of this thesis and is

explained as follows:

16

MI = Michigan (state; geographical location) omitted in
the taxonomic list

66 = year of collection

08 = month

04 = day

.7 = individual collection

thus the collection number would read: MI 660804.7.

Chemical Sampling

Stations
Three stations were established from which water chem-
istry samples were taken. They are described in the Biolog-

ical section above as Stations I, II, and III.

Factors Measured

For several reasons the measurement of pH and alkalin-
ity were the only chemical factors checked. The main reasons
were the lack of funds required for the purchase of necessary
test reagents and the failure of the Hach DR meter to func—
tion properly for the Nitrate and Phosphate tests.

Alkalinity and pH were chosen because they are general

indicators of the chemical environment.

Duration 9£_Sampling
Water chemistry analyses were made at the stations men-

tioned above. The sampling was terminated on 18 October 1967.

17

Methods and Equipment

For all the chemical tests of the water samples the
author used the methods described in the Hach Chemical
Company Catalog Number Nine: Water and Sewage.Analy§is
Procedures, Hach Chemical Company, Ames, Iowa.

For the measurement of pH, a Beckman Model 180 pocket
pH meter was employed, standardized with Beckman standard
solution at pH 7.0. The alkalinity indicator used was
methyl red-bromcresol green as methyl orange was not avail-
able. According to Standard Methods (12th edition) either
of the two are acceptable for use as the alkalinity indi-

cator.

SUMMARY OF BIOLOGICAL SAMPLING

A total of 335 taxa have been recorded for Park Lake
from the 197 samples collected. The algae reported herein

belong to the following divisions:

DIVISION GENERA NUMBER 915; w z. 93 w
Cyanophyta 26 74 22.1
Chlorophyta 71 200 59.7
Euglenophyta 4 21 6.3
Pyrrhophyta 4 9 2.7
Chrysophyta 27 31 9.2

Of the 335 taxa recorded there are 12 species and varieties
newly recorded for North America or 3.6%.of the total, 27
are newly recorded for Michigan or 8.4% of the total and two
species are new to science. The taxa newly recorded are
listed in Table l.

The limnetic community composed 31.3% of the total
algal flora in the lake. The community was composed of 43%
Chlorophyta, 26% Chrysophyta, 24% Cyanophyta, 4% Pyrrhophyta
and 3% Euglenophyta.

The littoral community composed 69.7% of the algal

flora in the lake. The composition of the littoral flora

18

19

TABLE 1. Newly Recorded Taxa

 

 

SPECIES NEW TO

 

 

 

 

 

TAXA MICHIGAN N. AMERICA SCIENCE
Borzia trilocularis Cohn x
Scytonema Bohneri Schmidle x x
Gongrosira sp. x x x
Oedogonium capitellatum Witt. x
Pectodictyon cubicum Taft x

 

Scenedesmus acutus

 

f. alternans Hortob. x x

 

§. acutus f. tetradesmisformis
(Wolosz.) Uherkov. x x

§, armatus var° boglariensis

 

 

f. semicostatus Hortob. x
S, bicaudatus (Hansg.) Chodat x x.
S. tibiscensis Uherkov. x

 

Cosmarium conspersum

 

f. minor Borge x

.9. depgessum (Naeg.) Lund. x

 

C. qarrolense var. dimido-minor

 

(Gronblad) Krieger x x
Q. humile var. danicum
(Borge) Schmidle x

Q, humile var. glabrum Gutw. x

20

TABLE 1--Continued

 

 

SPECIES NEW TO

 

 

TAXA MICHIGAN N. AMERICA SCIENCE
Cosmarium minutissimum Archer x
Q, Sportella Brébisson x

 

Euastrum Turneri var. strictum

 

(Boerges.) Scott & Prescott x

Staurastrum Cosmarioides

 

Nordst. x
,§. cyclacanthum var. subacanthum
Gronblad x x

.§. disputatum f. minor

 

West & West x x
S. pinnatum var. subpinnatum
(Schm.) West x

§, punctulatum var. minor

 

 

 

West and West x x
.Euglena fusca (Klebs) Lemm. x
Phacus obolus Pochm. x x
E, pseudonordstedtii Pochm. x x

 

Phacus sp. x x x

 

21

was 60.2%.Chlorophyta, 21.6% Cyanophyta, 8.5%.Chrysophyta,
7.6%.Euglenophyta and 2.I% Pyrrhophyta.

The true role of the Chrysophyta in the lake is not
depicted by the above data because diatoms were not iden—
tified to species.

The results showed no noticeable difference between the
plankton floras at Stations I and III in number and in compo-
sition of the floras.

A water bloom occurred in the lake for a period of
approximately ten weeks during the summer of 1967. The

major components of the bloom were: Microcystis aeruginosa,

 

M, flos-aquae, Anabaena flos—aguae, Coelosphaerium

Naegelianum, and Q, Kuetzingianum.

 

Jackson (1963) reported that on several occasions during
his investigation of Lake Lansing, water blooms were observed.
The blooms in the fall of 1959 and 1962 in Lake Lansing
turned the surface waters of the shallow littoral region a
pea soup color and was composed primarily of Microcystis

aeruginosa, M, flos—aquae, Coelosphaerium Naegelianum, and

 

Anabaena sp.
Jackson reported other blooms occurring with the major

components being Ceratium hirundinella on one occasion and

 

Tolypothrix tenuis on another. Park Lake had an abundance

 

of Q, hirundinella in the spring of 1967 but it was never in

 

bloom proportions. Tolypothrix tenuis was recorded for Park

 

Lake but it was never in abundance.

22

Wade (1949) conducted a study on Jordan Lake in south-
ern Michigan that supported a water bloom during the summer
months. The major components of that bloom flora were:

Anabaena limnetica, A, spiroides var. crassa, A” circinalis

 

var. macrospora. Aphanizomenon flos-aquae, Microcystis

aeruginosa, and Coelosphaerium Naegelianum.

 

Edelstein (1966) in her paper on the phytoplankton of
Spring Lake, Michigan mentioned that this lake in 1957 also
supported a water bloom. The major components of that bloom
were: Aphanizomenon flos-aquae, Anabaena spiroides var.
crassa, A. circinalis, Microcystis aeruginosa, and

Aphanocapsa pulchra. It should be noted from the above data

 

that water blooms can occur in most highly productive lakes
when the physical and chemical elements are in the proper
balance and proportions. Also the Cyanophyta are the major
elements of the blooms that are the producers of obnoxious
conditions while the Chrysophyta and the Pyrrhophyta though
noted for their bloom ability are not the most obnoxious
water bloomers.

Water blooms are of interest, among other aspects,
because of their economic importance. Blooms cause economic
loss to a recreational area by their objectional odors and
by ruining the water for fishing and swimming. Further
there are many accounts relating blooms to fish—kill through
suffocation or by poisonous agents such as hydroxylamine

(Prescott, 1939, 1959). Other undesirable effects are

23

produced by water blooms (toxic effects are on other animals,
wild and domestic) which will not be discussed here. There
is a wealth of information published on blooms and reference
should be made to Prescott (1939, 1959), Wade (1949), and
Ingram and Prescott (1954) and especially the bibliographies
of these papers for discussions on this topic.

As has been noted previously a relatively highly produc-
tive lake is the only type of lake where blooms have been
reported to occur. Odum (1959) states that blooms are char-
acteristic of eutrophic lakes. With the above statements

one can conclude that Park Lake is an aging, eutrophic lake.

SUMMARY OF CHEMICAL SAMPLING

The history of Park Lake reveals that a limited study
of the water chemistry has been made. Ball's 1938 report to
the Fisheries Institute, Department of Fisheries, Michigan
Department of Conservation reveals that on the 15th of
August, 1938 a series of water samples taken from varying
depths (two, five, ten and fifteen feet) were tested for the

following: temperature, oxygen, CO alkalinity and pH.

2,
The data for pH, alkalinity and temperature near the surface
have been included in Table 2 (p. 25).

Bratt (1957) presented a series of water chemistry data
tables derived from the limited period of his investigation.
His readings were taken from varying depths of the lake
(surface, four and twelve feet). In the present study only
surface samples were taken and only the data for the surface
readings of Bratt's are presented. Because of the limited
data no valid conclusions can be drawn from them but they
are presented only to give an up—to-date summary of what has
been done on Park Lake. In the present study limited funds

necessitated that only the temperature, alkalinity and pH

tests be performed.

24

25

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

hMHIOh mma mHH mmcmno Hanumz
ooauema mmaumoa mamumaa cmmum Hommuosoum

noon Assam:

omuo mmuo omuo o.o o.m 0.6 camamnunmaocmnm
.Emm muflcflamxa<
¢.muo.m o.m|¢.m ¢.mI¢.n o.mlm.m ¢.m m.m mm
omlma m.am:mm omlo mmlm o.om ©.mm U mnnpwnmmama
mUMMHSm wommnsm .m .m gamma
HHH HH H HH H Goaumum
.uUOI.Hm< .uoOIwGSb .uoOI.cmb .>ozI>H:b umsmod mama
hood commupc< hmma uumum mmma Hamm coflumcHEHmumn

 

 

 

 

 

muumflsmnu Hmumz mxmq xumm mo coflumueumEEsm

.N mqmdfi

26

The author's values for pH and alkalinity are higher
than either of the previously reported for Park Lake.
Reasons for this cannot be satisfactorily explained if they
represent the true situation in the lake at the time of the
readings, but they could be different because of a differ-
ence in collection and examination times of the three inves-
tigators involved. As is well—known to students of limnol—
ogy the chemical composition of natural waters varies
throughout a 24—hour period. If the collections had been
taken at the same time this variable could have been elim-
inated (Ball gave the times of collection while Bratt did

not).

SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION

Park Lake is a shallow, eutrophic lake of glacial
origin, located in the southeast corner of Clinton County,
six miles from the campus of Michigan State University. In
recent years, the eutrophication process has been enhanced
by increased pollution. It is a rapidly aging lake with a
high density of vascular aquatic plants and an abundant
algal flora.

The algae can be assigned to the following divisions

from the collections made:

 

 

 

DIVISION GENERA TOTAL TAXA % OF TOTAL
Cyanophyta 26 74 22.1
Chlorophyta 71 200 59.7
Euglenophyta 4 21 6.3
Pyrrhophyta 4 9 2.7
Chrysophyta 27 31 9.2

Of the 335 taxa recorded from the 197 samples collected 12
are newly recorded for North America, 27 are newly recorded
for Michigan and two are new to science.

The flora is co—dominated in number of species by the

Chlorophyta and the Cyanophyta. The Euglenophyta,

27

28

Pyrrhophyta and Chrysophyta comprise only 18.2% of the total
algal flora of the lake. The importance of the Chrysophyta
must not be disregarded or minimized by the above percentage
as they were not all identified to species, the Bacillario-
phyceae (diatoms) being identified to the generic level only.

The littoral community includes more than twice the
number of taxa as the limnetic community.

The lake supported a continuous water bloom for a

period of approximately ten weeks during the summer of 1967.

 

The major components of the bloom were Microcystis aeruginosa,

M. flos—aquae, Coelosphaerium Kuetzingianum, Q, Naegelianum

 

 

 

and Anabaena flos-aquae.

 

The bloom flora of Park Lake was similar to that of
Lake Lansing/but differed from the bloom flora in Jordan

Lake in respect to their dominants.

SYSTEMATIC LIST OF THE ALGAE IN PARK LAKE

The following systematic list is adapted from Prescott

1964.
respective species.

Diam.

L.

W.

T.

IS.

u.

All of the taxa newly

The following symbols are used in the notes on the

diameter of the cell
length of the cell
width of the cell
thickness of the cell
isthmus

microns

recorded are noted so following the

habitat and collection number.

Division Cyanophyta

Class Myxophyceae

Order Chroococcales

Family Chroococcaceae

Aphanocapsa

Aphanocapsa elachista

 

Naegeli 1849

West and West 1895, p.

Prescott 1962, p. 453
Diam. 2 u
Squeezings. 660707.2

29

30

Aphanocapsa pulchra (Kuetz.) Rabenhorst 1865, p. 49
Prescott 1962, p. 454, P1. 101, Fig. 14
Diam. 3.5 u

Tychoplankton. 660707.5

Aphanothece Naegeli 1849

 

Aphanothece qelatinosa (Henn.) Lemmermann 1910, p. 69
Prescott 1962, p. 467, P1. 104, Fig. 8
Diam. 7-8 u slightly larger than typical
Plankton. 660804.14

Aphanothece staqnina (Spreng.) A. Braun 1865 (Anacystis

rupestris Lyngb.) Drouet and Daily in_Dai1y 1942, p. 650

 

Prescott 1962, p. 469, P1. 103, Figs. 14-16
Diam. 3 u

Free-floating mass. 670609.9

Chroococcus Naegeli 1849

 

Chroococcus dispersus (Keissl.) Lemmermann 1904, p. 102

 

Prescott 1962, p. 447, P1. 100, Fig. 7
Diam. 4.3 u
Squeezings. 660707.1

Chroococcus giganteus W. West 1892, p. 741

 

Prescott 1962, p. 447, P1. 100, Fig. 16
Diam. 60 u

Plankton. 660804.19

31

Chroococcus limneticus Lemmermann 1898, p. 153
Prescott 1962, p. 448, P1. 100, Figs. 4,5
Diam. 7 u
Plankton. 660804.19

Chroococcus minimus (Keissl.) Lemmermann 1904, p. 102

 

Prescott 1962, p. 449
Diam. 2-3 u
Squeezings. 660707.1

Chroococcus minor (Kuetz.) Naegeli 1849, p. 47

 

Prescott 1962, p. 449, P1. 100, Fig. 12
Diam. 3 u
Squeezings. 660707.1

Chroococcus minutus (Kuetz.) Naegeli 1849, p. 46

 

Prescott 1962, p. 449, P1. 100, Fig. 9
Diam. 7 u
Tychoplankton. 670712.8

Chroococcus Prescottii Drouet and Dailey ;p_Drouet 1942,

 

p. 127

Prescott 1962, p. 450, P1. 100, Fig. 13
Diam. 6 u; colony Diam. 39 u
Squeezings. 660707.1

Chroococcus turqidus (Kuetz.) Naegeli 1849, p. 46

 

Prescott 1962, p. 450, P1. 100, Fig. 19
Diam. 14 u

Squeezings. 660707.1

32

Chroococcus varius A. Braun ig_Rabenhorst 1861-1878, Nos. 245
Prescott 1962, p. 451, P1. 100, Fig. 15

Diam. 4 u

Squeezings from bottom material. 660707.4

Coelosphaerium Naegeli 1849
Coelosphaerium dubium Grunow in Rabenhorst 1865, p. 55
Prescott 1962, p. 470, P1. 106, Fig. 1
Diam. 5-6 u
Euplankton. 670712.l
Coelosphaerium Kuetzingianum Naegeli 1849, p. 54
Prescott 1962, p. 470, Pl° 106, Fig. 2
Diam. 3 u
Tychoplankton. 660707.1
Coelosphaerium Naegelianum Unger 1854, p. 196
Prescott 1962, p. 470, P1. 106, Fig. 4
Diam. 3 u; L. 7 u

Tychoplankton. 670712.8.

Dactylococc0psis (Reinsch.) Hansgirg 1883
Dactylococcopsis fascicularis Lemmermann 1898, p. 153
Prescott 1962, p. 464, P1. 105, Figs. 10—12
Diam. 1-2 u; L. 15-19 u

Euplankton. 670609.3

33

Gloeothece Naegeli 1849

Gloeothece rupestris (Lyngb.) Bornet in Wittrock and

 

Nordstedt 1880, No. 2456
Prescott 1962, p. 462, P1. 103, Figs. 2,3
Diam. 7-8 u; L. 10 u

Tychoplankton. 660804.19

Gomphosphaeria Kuetzing 1836, Dec. XVI,

 

No. 151
Gomphosphaeria aponina Kuetzing 1836, Dec. XVI, No. 151
Prescott 1962, p. 472, P1. 106, Fig. 5
Diam. 4 u; L. 8 u
Squeezings. 660707.2

Gomphosphaeria aponina var. delicatula Virieux 1916, p. 69

 

Prescott 1962, p. 472, P1. 106, Fig. 7
Diam. 4 u; L. 5 u
Squeezings from bottom material. 660707.4

Gomphosphaeria aponina var. multiplex Nygaard 1926, p. 204

 

Geitler 1932, p. 246

Diam. 6 u

Squeezings from bottom material, plankton. 660707.4
Gomphosphaeria lacustris var. compacta Lemmermann 1900, p. 339

Prescott 1962, p. 473, P1. 106, Fig. 8; Geitler 1932,

p. 244

Diam. 2 u; L. 3 u

Squeezings from bottom material. 660707.4

34

Merismopedia Meyen 1839
Merismopedia convoluta de Brébisson in Kuetzing 1849, p. 472
Prescott 1962, p. 458, P1. 103, Fig. 13
Diam. 5 u
Euplankton. 660707.3
Merismopedia glauca (Ehrenb.) Naegeli 1849, p. 55
Prescott 1962, p. 101, P1. 101, Figs. 2-4
Diam. 4 u
Squeezings. 660707.1
Merismopedia punctata Meyen 1839, p. 67
Prescott 1962, p. 459, P1. 102, Fig. 10
Diam. 3.5 u
Squeezings. 660707.1
Merismopedia tenuissima Lemmermann 1898, p. 154
Prescott 1962, p. 459, P1. 100, Fig. 17
Diam. 2 u

Plankton. 660804.19

Microcystis Kuetzing 1833
Microcystis aeruqinosa Kuetz.; emend. Elenkin 1924, p. 14
Prescott 1962, p. 456, P1. 102, Figs. 1—4
Diam. 5.2-7 u
Squeezings, plankton. 660707.1

Microcystis flos-aguae (Wittrock) Kirchner 1900

 

G. M. Smith 1920, p. 39, Pl. 5, Fig. l
Diam. 3-6 u

Plankton. 660707.3

35

Microgystis incerta Lemmerman 1899, p. 132
Prescott 1962, p. 457, P1. 102, Fig. 5
Diam. 4 u
My specimen is larger than the typical but it is placed
here because of the compactness of the colony.

Plankton. 661012.l

Order Chamaesiphonales
Family Chamaesiphonaceae

Chamaesiphon Braun and Grunow in

 

Rabenhorst 1865
Chamaesiphon incrustans Grunow ig_Rabenhorst 1865, p. 149
Prescott 1962, p. 477, P1. 108, Figs. 7,8
Diam. 3 u; L. 12 u

Epiphyte on Gongrosira Debaryana. 670712.4

Family Pleurocapsaceae

Pleurocapsa Thuret 1855

 

Pleurocapsa minor Hansg. emend. Geitler 1925

 

Geitler 1932, pp. 348-352, Figs. 182-185
Diam. 4-6 u

Epiphyte. 660804.15

36

Order Hormogonales
Suborder Homocystineae
Family Oscillatoriaceae
Arthrospira Stizenberger 1852
Arthrospira Jenneri (Kuetz.) Stizenberger 1852, p. 32
Prescott 1962, p. 481, P1. 108, Figs. 22,23
Spiral W. 14 u; spiral L. 20 u; trichome Diam. 7 u

Euplankton. 660804.10

Borzia Cohn 1883

Borzia triocularis Cohn 1883. (Pl. 1, Fig. 1)

 

Smith, 1950, p. 575, Fig. 488; Gomont 1893, p. 218,
P1. 6, Fig. 5

Trichome Diam. 14 u; L. 9 u

Trichome of three to five (eight) barrel-shaped cells.
Terminal cells hemisphaerical. Previously known only
from Indiana.

Squeezings from bottom material. 660707.4. New

record for Michigan.

Lyngbya Agardh 1824

Lyngbya aestuarii (Mert.) Liebermann 1841, p. 492

 

Prescott 1962, p. 499, P1. 111, Fig. 8
Trichome Diam. 18 u, cell L. 5 u, filament Diam. 23 u

_Attached. 660804.7

37

Lyngbya Birgei G. M. Smith 1916, p. 482
Prescott 1962, p. 499, Pl° 111, Fig. 9
Filament Diam. 15 u, cell L. 2 u
Squeezings. 660707.1

Lynqbya Diquetii Gomont ig_Hariot 1895, p. 169
Prescott 1962, p. 500, P1° 112, Fig. 8
Filament Diam. 3 u
Epiphytic on epizoic filament of Gongrosira sp.
670717.1

Lyngbya epiphytica Hieronymus ig_Engler and Prantl 1900, p. 67
Prescott 1962, p. 500, P1. 112, Figs. 2,3
Filament Diam. 2 u
Epiphytic on entangled mass of algae among Typhg
latifolia. 670808.2

Lynqbya Hieronymusii Lemmermann 1905, p. 146
Prescott 1962, p. 501, P1. 112, Fig. 4
Filament Diam. 20 u, trichome Diam. 17 u
Plankton. 670527.2

Lvnqbva major Meneghini 1837, p. 12
Prescott 1962, p. 502, P1. 112, Fig. 10
Filament Diam. 12 u, cell L. 2-4 u
Attached to artificial substrate (old rubber tire).

661115.2

38

Lynqbya spirulinoides Gomont 1890, p. 355; 1892, p. 146
Prescott 1962, p. 503, P1. 131, Fig. 1
Filament Diam. 16 u
The specimens were straight as can be the condition in
rare instances according to Prescott, 1962.
Plankton. 670218.3

Lyngbya Taylorii Drouet and Strickland 1940, p. 631 in

 

Strickland 1940, p. 631

Prescott 1962, p. 503, P1. 113, Fig. 3

Trichome Diam. 5 u

In floating mass of algae and on bottom mud. 670822.1
Lyngbya versicolor (Wartmann) Gomont 1892, p. 147

Prescott 1962, p. 504, P1. 113, Fig. 4

Filament Diam. 3 u, trichome Diam. 3.5 u

.Epizoic on snail shell. 670527.10

Oscillatoria Vaucher 1803
Oscillatoria Agardhii Gomont 1892, p. 205
Prescott 1962, p. 484, P1. 108, Figs. 15, 16
Trichome Diam. 5 u, cell L. 5-7 u
Squeezings. 660707.1
Oscillatoria articulata Gardner 1927, p. 35
Prescott 1962, p. 486, P1. 107, Fig. 22
Trichome Diam. 5 u, cell L. 2-4 u

Plankton. 660707.3

39

Oscillatoria Bornetii Zukal 1849, p. 260
Prescott 1962, p. 486, P1. 108, Figs. 19,20
Trichome Diam. 10 u, cell L. 5—6 u
Attached to artificial substrate (old rubber tire).
661115.2
Oscillatoria chalybea Mertens in_Jurgens 1822, Dec. 18, No. 41
Prescott 1962, p. 486, P1. 109, Figs. 8,9
Trichome Diam. 10-15 u, cell L. 4-7 u
Among floating mass of algae and on bottom mud. 671004.l
Oscillatoria curviceps C. A. Agardh 1824, p. 68
Prescott 1962, p. 487, P1. 108, Figs. 17,18
Trichome Diam. 15 u, cell L. 4-6 u
Slime mass at shore line. 660804.22
Oscillatoria limnetica Lemmermann 1900, Ber. d. Deutsch.
Ges., 18, p. 310
Prescott 1962, p. 488, P1. 109, Fig.,l6
Trichome Diam. 2 u (type Diam. 1.6-1.8 u)
Plankton. 670121.1

Oscillatoria limosa (Roth) C. A. Agardh 1812, p. 35

 

Prescott 1962, p. 489, P1. 109, Fig. 17

Trichome Diam. 16, cell L. 4-6 u

Attached to artificial substrate. 660804.22
Oscillatoria niqra Vaucher 1803, p. 192

Prescott 1962, p. 489, P1. 109, Fig. 18

Trichome Diam. 7 u, L. 3.5—4.5 u

Floating mass entangled among higher aquatics. 670921.5

40

Osgillatoria ornata Kuetzing 1845—1849, p. 30
Prescott 1962, p. 489; Geitler 1932, p. 944
Trichome Diam. 15 u, cell L. 4—6 u
Mass at shore line. 660804.17
Oscillatoria princeps Vaucher 1803, p. 190
Prescott 1962, p. 489, P1. 110, Fig. l
Trichome Diam. 40 u, cell L. 5-8 u
Entangled in floating mass. 660804.22
Oscillatoria rubescens DeCandolle 1825, Mem. Soc. Phys.
Nat. Geneva, 2, p. 29
Prescott 1962, p. 490, P1. 107, Fig. 21
Trichome Diam. 3 u, cell L. 5 u
Plankton. 660804.15
Oscillatoria subbrevis Schmidle 1901, p. 243
Prescott 1962, p. 491, P1. 107, Fig. 23
Trichome Diam. 5.2 u, cell L. 3 u
Squeezings. 660707.1
Oscillatoria tenuis C. A. Agardh 1813, Algarum Decades, p. 25
Prescott 1962, p. 491, P1. 110, Figs. 8,9,14
Trichome Diam. 6.5 u, cell L. 6.5 u

Squeezings. 660707.1

Phormidium Kuetzing 1843

 

Phormidium tenue (Menegh.) Gomont 1892, p. 169
Prescott 1962, p. 496, P1. 111, Fig. 7
Trichome Diam. 2 u, cell L. 3.5 u

In greenish film on bottom. 670403.l

41

Schizothrix Kuetzing 1843

 

Schizothrix tinctoria Gomont 1890, p. 351

 

Prescott 1962, p. 508, P1. 131, Figs. 7,8
Trichome Diam. 1.8 u

Epizoic on snail shell. 670527.10

Spirulina Turpin 1827
Spirulina princeps (West and West) G. S. West 1907, p. 179
Prescott 1962, p. 480, P1. 108, Fig. 13
Sprial W. 8-9 u, spiral L. 14-17 u, trichome Diam. 4-5 u
Squeezings. 660707.1
Spirulina subsalsa Oersted 1842, p. 17
Prescott 1962, p. 480, P1. 108, Fig. 14
Trichome Diam. 2 u, spiral W. 4 u

Squeezings. 660707.1

Trichodesmium Ehrenberg 1830

 

Trichodesmium lacustre Klebahn 1895, p. 13

 

Prescott 1962, p. 488, P1. 109, Fig. 15; Smith 1920,
p. 54, Pl. 8, Fig. 1
Trichome Diam. 6 u, cell L. 4 u

Plankton. 660804.9

42

Suborder Heterocystineae
Family Nostocaceae
Anabaena Bory 1822
Anabaena flos—aquae (Lyngb.) deBrébisson 1836, p. 36
Prescott 1962, p. 515, P1. 116, Fig. 7
Veg. cell Diam. 6 u; heterocyst Diam. 7 u, L. 8 u;
akinete Diam. 7 u, L. 20 u
Plankton. 661012.1
Anabaena oscillarioides Bory 1822, p. 308
Prescott 1962, p. 517, P1. 117, Figs. 8—10
Veg. cell Diam. 6 u, L. 8 u; heterocyst Diam. 8 u,
L. 10 u; akinete Diam. 8 u, L. 11-14 u
Plankton. 670627.6
Anabaena sp.
Veg. cell Diam. 4 u, L. 7-8 u
No heterocyst or akinete seen

Epiphyte on Nuphar sp. leaf. 670905.4

Nostoc Vaucher 1903
Nostoc comminutum Kuetzing 1849—1869, Tab. Phyc., 2, p. 3
Prescott 1962, p. 522, P1. 119, Fig. 12
Veg. cell Diam. 4 u, L. 4-6 u; heterocyst Diam. 7 u;
no akinete observed

Attached to a floating piece of wood. 670921.4

43

Family Scytonemataceae
Microchaete Thuret 1875
Microchaete Goeppertiana Kirchner in_Eng1er and Prantl 1900
Prescott 1962, p. 542, P1. 127, Figs. 3,4
Veg. cell Diam. 6 u; heterocyst Diam. 10 u (longer
than typical)
Attached to artificial substrate (an old plastic bag).

670905.7

Scytonema C. A. Agardh 1824
Scytonema Bohneri Schmidle 1901, p. 60. (Pl. 1, Figs. 2-4)
Frémy 1930, p. 302
Veg. cell Diam. 8-10 u
Plant occurring in small tufts on substrate. Trichome

branches frequently exhibiting both Scytonema-type

 

branches and Tolypothrix-type branches. Sheath thin,
and not lamellated. Cells appearing quadrate.

This plant is distinguished by its thin trichomes,
thin non-lamellated sheath and the quadrate cells.
Intermingled with algae and on bottom mud. 671004.2

New record for North America.

Tolypothrix .Kuetzing 1843
Tolypothrix lanata Wartmann in_Rabenhorst 1858, No. 768
Prescott 1962, p. 537, P1. 125, Fig. 7
Veg. cell Diam. 10 u; heterocyst Diam. 8 u, L. 11 u

Plankton. 671004.3

44

Tolvpothrix tenuis Kuetzing; emend. J. Schmidt 1889, p. 383
Prescott 1962, p. 583
Veg. cell Diam. 8 u; filament Diam. 10 u; heterocyst
Diam. 7 u

Epilithic. 670829.8

Family Rivulariaceae
Calothrix C. A. Agardh 1824
Calothrix atricha Frémy 1930, p. 261
Prescott 1962, p. 552, P1. 129, Fig. 6
Veg. cell Diam. 8 u; heterocyst Diam. 10 u
Epiphyte. 670712.9
Calothrix breviarticulata West and West 1897, p. 240
Prescott 1962, p. 552, P1. 132, Fig. l
Veg. cell Diam. 7 u; filament Diam. 13 u; sheath
lamellate
Attached to floating wood (2 X 4). 670609.11
Calothrix epiphytica West and West 1897, p. 240
Prescott 1962, p. 553, P1. 132, Figs. 2,3
veg. cell Diam. 3 u; filament Diam. 7 u; heterocyst
Diam. 5 u
Epiphyte. 670609.11
Calothrix stellaris Bornet and Flahault 1886, p. 365
Prescott 1962, p. 554
veg. cell Diam. 7 u

Attached to floating wood (2 x 4). 670627.3

45

Gloeotrichia J. G. Agardh 1842
Gloeotrichia echinulata (J. E. Smith) P. Richter 1894, p. 31
Prescott 1962, p. 557, P1. 134, Figs. 1,2
Diam. (at base of trichome) 5 u, cell L. 7 u
Plankton. 660804.14
Gloeotrichia pisum (C. A. Ag.) Thuret 1875, p. 382
Prescott 1962, p. 559, P1. 134, Figs. 8—10
Veg. cell Diam. 5—6 u, L. 8 u; heterocyst Diam. 7 u
There were no akinetes on this specimen but it is
assigned to Gloeotrichia rather than Rivularia because
it is not incrusted with lime and the mucilage is not
tough and hard as in Rivularia.

Epiphyte. 670712.8

Division Chlorophyta
Class Chlorophyceae
Order Volvocales
Family Chlamydomonadaceae
Chlamydomonas Ehrenberg 1835
Chlamydomonas qlobosa Snow 1903, p. 389
Prescott 1962, p. 71, P1. 1, Figs. 8,9
Diam. 8 u, L. 12-13 u
Plankton. 670801.4
Chlamydomonas polypyrenoideum Prescott 1944, p. 348
Prescott 1962, p. 71, Pl. 1, Figs. 10,11
Diam. 7 u, L. 10 u

Euplankton. 670829.5

46

Chlamydomonas pseudopertyi Pascher 1927, p. 214
Prescott 1962, p. 72, Pl. 1, Fig. 12
Diam. 17 u

Squeezings of Utricularia sp. 670627.4

 

Family Volvocaceae
Eudorina Ehrenberg 1832
Eudorina elegans Ehrenberg 1832, p. 78
Prescott 1962, p. 72, P1. 1, Figs. 24—26
Diam. 15 u

Squeezings, plankton. 660707.4

Gonium Mueller 1773, emend. Prescott
ig_Prescott, Silva and Wade 1949

Gonium pectorale Mueller 1773, p. 60

 

Prescott 1962, p. 75, Pl. 1, Fig. 21
Diam. 7 u

Squeezings, plankton. 660707.1

Pandorina Bory 1824

 

Pandorina morum (Mue11.) Bory 1824, p. 600
Prescott 1962, p. 75, P1. 1, Fig. 23
Diam. 12-15 u, L. 12 u

Squeezings, plankton. 660707.2

47

Pleodorina Shaw 1894
Pleodorina californica Shaw 1894, p. 282
Prescott 1962, p. 77, P1. 2, Fig. l

Veg. Diam. 12 u; reproductive cell Diam. 22 u

Plankton. 670712.1

Volvox Linnaeus 1758

Volvox aureus Ehrenberg 1838, p. 71

 

Prescott 1962, p. 78, Pl. 2, Fig. 4
Diam. 7 u (thpe 4-6 u), no cell sheath visible
colony Diam. 425 u
Plankton. 680513.1
‘yglvox tertius A. Meyer 1896, p. 188
Prescott 1962, p. 79, Pl. 3, Fig. 12
Diam. 5 u; Distinguished from y, aureus on the basis of
the presence of individual cell sheaths.

Plankton. 680513.1

Order Tetrasporales
Family Palmellaceae
Asterococcus Scherffel 1908

Asterococcus superbus (Cienk.) Scherffel 1908, p. 762

 

Prescott 1962, p. 86, P1. 4, Fig. 10
Diam. 25 u

In mass by shoreline, plankton. 660804.17

48

Gloeocystis Naegeli 1849
Gloeocystis ampla (Kuetz.) Lagerheim 1883, p. 63
Prescott 1962, p. 84, P1. 3, Fig. 17
Diam. 10—13 u
Squeezings, plankton. 660707.1

Gloeocystis qiqas (Kuetz.) Lagerheim 1883, p. 63

 

Prescott 1962, p. 84, P1. 3, Fig. 16
Diam. 10 u
Squeezings, plankton. 660707.1
Gloeocystis planctonica (West and West) Lemmermann 1915, p. 34
Prescott 1962, p. 85, P1. 3, Figs. 10,11
Diam. 7-13 u

Squeezings. 660707.1

Palmella Lyngbye 1819
Palmella mucosa Kuetzing 1843, p. 172
Prescott 1962, p. 83, Pl. 3, Figs. 8,9
Diam. 6-10 u

Squeezings. 660707.4

Sphaerocystis Chodat 1897
Sphaerocystis Schroeteri Chodat 1897, p. 119
Prescott 1962, p. 83, P1. 3, Figs. 6,7
Diam. 6 u, colony Diam. 44 u

Plankton. 660804.10

49

Family Tetrasporaceae

Apiocystis Naegeli in Kuetzing 1849

 

,Apiocystis Brauniana Naegeli 1849, p. 67
Prescott 1962, p. 89, Pl. 5, Figs. 7,8,10
Diam. 7 u, epiphyte on Cladophora sp.

In floating algal mass at shoreline. 670609.10

Tetraspora Link 1809

 

Tetraspora qelatinosa (Vauch.) Desvaux 1818, p. 18

 

Prescott 1962, p. 88, Pl. 5, Figs. 3,4
Diam. 7 u

Epiphyte. 670403.10

Family Coccomyxaceae
DiSpora Printz 1914
DiSpora cruciqenioides Printz 1914, p. 32
Prescott 1962, p. 93, P1. 46, Figs. 5,6
Diam. 3-5 u, L. 7 u, colony 32 u

Entangled among epiphytes. 670403.11

Elakatothrix Wille 1898

 

Elakatothrix viridis (Snow) Printz 1914, p. 31
Prescott 1962, p. 93, Pl. 4, Figs. 1,2
Diam. 5-7.5 u, L. 27—29 u

Squeezings. 660804.2

50

Order Ulotrichales
Family Ulotrichaceae
Binuclearia Wittrock 1886
Binuclearia tatrana Wittrock 1886, p. 9
Prescott 1962, p. 102, P1. 7, Figs. 7-9
Diam. 9 u

Entangled among epiphytes. 670712.8

Geminella Turpin 1828
Geminella interrupta (Turp.) Lagerheim 1883, p. 68
Prescott 1962, p. 100, P1. 6, Fig. 15
Diam. 5 u, L. 10 u
Plankton. 660804.14
Geminella minor (Naeg.) Heering 1914, p. 41
Prescott 1962, p. 100, P1. 6, Fig. 17
Diam. 7 u, filament Diam. 15 u

Entangled among epiphytes. 661115.6

Hormidium Kuetzing 1843, emend.
Klebs 1896
Hormidium Klebsii G. M. Smith 1933, p. 385
Prescott 1962, p. 98, P1. 6, Fig. 4
Diam. 5 u, L. 23 u

Scrapings from Typha latifolia leaves. 670403.5

51

Radiofilum Schmidle 1894

 

Radiofilum flavescens G. S. West 1899, p. 57
Prescott 1962, p. 103, P1. 7, Fig. 10
Diam. 6 u

Entangled in floating mass of algae. 670829.4

Ulothrix Kuetzing 1833

Ulothrix tenerrima Kuetzing 1843, p. 253

 

Prescott 1962, p. 96, P1. 6, Fig. 12
Diam. 8 u, L. 5-8 u

Entangled among epiphytes. 661115.5

Uronema Lagerheim 1887
Uronema elongatum Hodgetts 1918, p. 160
Prescott 1962, p. 98, P1. 5, Fig. 5
Diam. 6 u, L. 13-24 u

Epiphyte on Oedogonium sp. in ice. 661217.1

 

Family Microsporaceae
Microspora Thuret 1850
Microspora elegans Hansgirg 1891, p. 311
Prescott 1962, p. 107
Diam. 13 u, L. 28-36 u
Squeezings. 680605.1
Microspora Loefgrenii (Nordst.) Lagerheim 1887, p. 417
Prescott 1962, p. 107, P1. 8, Fig. 2
Diam. 17 u

Scrapings from Typha sp. leaves. 670403.5

52

Microspora pachyderma (Wille) Lagerheim 1887, p. 415
Prescott 1962, p. 108, P1. 8, Fig. 3
Diam. 12 u, L. 12 u
Scrapings from Typha sp. leaves. 670403.5
Microspora stagnorum (Kuetz.) Lagerheim 1887, p. 417
Prescott 1962, p. 108, P1. 8, Figs. 6,7; Heering 1914,
p. 151
Diam. 5 u, L. 15-30 u

Scrapings from Typha sp. leaves. 670403.5

Family Cylindrocapsaceae
Cylindropcapsa Reinsch 1867
Cylindrocapsa conferta W. West 1892, p. 735
Prescott 1962, p. 110, P1. 9, Figs. 5,6
Diam. 20 u (with sheath), L. 11-15 u

Squeezings. 660707.1

Family Chaetophoraceae
Aphanochaete A. Braun 1851
Aphanochaete polychaete (Hansg.) Fritsch 1902, p. 410
Prescott 1962, p. 125, P1. 17, Fig. 1
Cell L. 18 u
3-4 setae per cell
Epiphyte on epilithic Cladophora insignis. 670829.8
Aphanochaete repens A. Braun 1851, p. 196
Prescott 1962, p. 125, P1. 17, Fig. 2,3
Diam. 10 u

Epiphyte on Oedogonium sp. in ice. 661217.1

 

53

Chaetophora Schrank 1783

 

Chaetophora attenuata Hazen 1902, p. 213
Prescott 1962, p. 118, P1. 13, Figs. 4,5
Diam. 7 u, L. 20 u
Scrapings from floating board (2 X 4). 670627.3
Chaetophora incrassata (Huds.) Hazen 1902, p. 214
Prescott 1962, p. 118, P1. 14, Figs. 1,2,11
Diam. 10 u

Scrapings from log breakwater. 670712.10

Pseudulvella Wille 1911
Pseudulvella americana (Snow) Wille 1911, p. 90
Prescott 1962, p. 124, P1. 15, Fig. 6
Diam. 8-11 u

Epiphyte. 670712.6

Stigeoclonium Kuetzing 1843
Stigeoclonium lubricum (Dillw.) Kuetz. 1845, p. 198
Prescott 1962, p. 115, P1. 10, Figs. 1,2; Islam 1963,
p. 118, P1. 8, Fig. 4; P1. 17, Figs. 1—4; P1. 18,
Figs. 1—4; P1. 19, Fig. 3
Diam. 15 u
Epiphyte. 670403.11
Stigeoclonium subsecundum Kuetz. 1843, p. 253
Prescott 1962, p. 117, P1. 10, Figs. 3,4
Main axis Diam. 8 u, L. 11-19 u

Epiphyte. 670725.4

54

Stigeoclonium tenue (C. A. Ag.) Kuetzing 1843, p. 253
Prescott 1962, p. 117; Islam 1963, p. 90, P1. 19, Fig. 1
Diam. 9 u
Epiphyte. 670403.10

Stigeoclonium sp.

Diam. 8 u, L. 18 u
Immature, not enough development for positive identifi-
cation.

Epiphyte. 661115.5

Family Protococcaceae
Protococcus C. A. Agardh 1824
[= Pleurococcus Meneghini 1837]
Protococcus viridis C. A. Agardh 1824, p. 13
Prescott 1962, p. 127, P1. 10, Figs. 5-7
Diam. 12 u

Squeezings. 660707.1

Family Coleochaetaceae
Chaetosphaeridium Klebahn 1892
Chaetosphaeridium ovalis G. M. Smith 1916, p. 471
Prescott 1962, p. 131, P1. 14, Fig. 8
Diam. 13 u, L. 20 u

Epiphyte on Cladophora sp. 670712.3

55

Coleochaete de Brébisson 1844
Coleochaete irregularis Pringsheim 1860, p. 11
Prescott 1962, p. 129, P1. 17, Figs. 8,9
Diam. 10-14 u
Epiphyte. 670403.12
Coleochaete scutata de Brébisson 1844, p. 29
Prescott 1962, p. 130, P1. 18, Fig. 9
Diam. 15-24 u, L. 14-25 u

Epiphyte.

Family Trentopohilaceae
Gongrosira Kuetzing 1843
Gongrosira Debaryana Rabenhorst 1863, p. 223
Prescott 1962, p. 132, P1. 19, Fig. 3
Diam. 19-22 u, L. 25-34 u (shorter than typical)
Epizoic on snail shells. 670712.4
Gongrosira Sp. (Pl. 3, Figs. 1-5)
Veg. cell Diam. 11-15 u, L. 19-36 u; basal cell Diam.
40 u, L. 87 u; sporangia Diam. 20 u, L. 23-38 u
This plant is thought to be new to science on the basis
of the swollen basal cell of the upright branches. The
prostrate filament appears to consist totally of the
swollen cells.
Epizoic on snail shells; attached to artificial substrate.

670717.1, 680521.2

56

Order Cladophorales
Family Cladophoraceae
Basicladia Hoffmann and Tilden 1930
Basicladia chelonum (Collins) Hoffmann and Tilden 1930, p. 382
Prescott 1962, p. 143, P1. 23, Figs. 8-12
Diam. 19 u, basal
Epizoic on snapping turtle. 670403.9
Basicladia crassa Hoffmann and Tilden 1930, p. 382
Prescott 1962, p. 144, P1. 77, Figs. 11-13
Diam. 30 u basal, Diam. 50 u diatal

Epizoic on snapping turtle. 670403.9

Cladophora Kuetzing 1843

Cladophora crispata (Roth) Kuetzing 1843, p. 264
Prescott 1962, p. 137, P1. 19, Figs. 9-11
Main axis Diam. 40 u, branch Diam. 30 u, L. 280 u
.Attached to artificial substrate (an old rubber tire).
661115.2

Cladophora insignis (C. A. Ag.) Kuetzing 1845, p. 217
Prescott 1962, p. 139, P1. 21, Figs. 4,5
Diam. 95 u, L. 420 u

Attached to wooden post. 670829.7

57

Pithophora Wittrock 1877
The genus Pithophora was not found by the investigator during
the extent of the survey, but a jar of preserved algae in the
teaching collection at Michigan State University bearing the

label "Park Lake 10—12—55 Rhizoclonium, Cladophora, Pithpphora"

 

was found by the investigator. It is assumed that Pithophora

 

was in the lake at one time. It tentatively can be placed,

therefore, on a species list of the algae of Park Lake.

Rhizoclonium Kuetzing 1843, emend.

 

Brand 1908

Rhizoclonium crassipellitum West and West 1897, p. 35, fa.

 

Prescott 1962, p. 141, P1. 23, Fig. 1
Diam. 35 u, L. 55 u, wall thickness 7 u
Entangled among vascular aquatic plants. 670808.2

Rhizoclonium hieroglyphicum (C. A. Ag.) Kuetzing 1845, p. 206

 

Prescott 1962, p. 142, P1. 23, Fig. 3
Diam. 30 u, L. 260 u

Entangled among vascular aquatic plants. 660804.7

Oedogoniales
Family Oedogoniaceae

Bulbochaete C. A. Agardh 1817

 

Bulbochaete sp. 1
Diam. 30 u; L. 100 u
Sterile plant

Epiphyte. 660707.5

58

Bulbochaete sp. 2
Diam. 22-35 u; L. 45-48 u
Sterile plant

Epiphyte. 670609.7

Oedogonium Link 1820

 

Oedogonium capitellatum Wittrock 1875, p. 7.(P1. 1, Fig. 5)
Tiffany 1930, p. 104, P1. 34, Fig. 315
Veg. cell Diam. 7 u; L. 31 u; Oogonia Diam. 24 u, L. 22 u;
Oospore Diam. 15 u, L. 20 u
This species is distinguished by its smooth oospore wall,
median operculation and size. It is macrandrous and
monoecoius.
Free-floating mass. 660804.14. New record for Michigan
Oedogonium Howardii G. S. West 1904, p. 281
Prescott 1962, p. 183; Tiffany 1937, p. 49, P1. 20,
Fig. 292
Veg. cell Diam. 9—10 u, L. 35 u; Oogonia Diam. 23 u,
L. 26 u; 005pore Diam. 21 u, L. 16 u.
Oogonia solitary or up to three in a series in my
specimins although other authors refer to them as in
series of two.

Plankton. 670712.1

59

Oedogonium poecilosporum Nordstedt and Hirn in_Hirn 1900, p. 298
Tiffany 1937, p. 84, P1. 19, Fig. 286; Prescott 1962, p. 186
veg. cell Diam. 8 u, L. 37 u; Oogonia Diam. 22 u, L. 24 u;
oospore Diam. 20 u, L. 20 u
Entangled among higher aquatics. 670808.3
Oedogonium pratense Transeau 1914, p. 297
Prescott 1962, p. 186, P1. 36, Figs. 4,5; Tiffany 1937,
p. 49, P1. 21, Figs. 325, 326
Veg. cell Diam. 13 u, L. 100 u; Oogonia Diam. 43 u,
L. 72 u; oospore Diam. 38 u, L. 50 u
Plankton. 670712.1
Oedogonium spirostriatum Tiffany 1936, p. 2
Prescott 1962, p. 194, P1. 44, Figs. 1,2; Tiffany 1937,
p. 75, P1. 23, Figs. 366,367
Veg. cell Diam. 14-17 u, L. 80 u;
This plant was identified from the vegetative characters
only.
Plankton. 670712.1

Oedogonium sp. 1

 

veg. cell Diam. 16 u, L. 45 u; Oogonia Diam. 40 u,
L. 40 u; oospore - not mature

Oedogonium sp 2

 

Veg. cell Diam. 24 u, L. 63 u; Oogonia Diam. 50 u,
L. 80 u; oospore — not mature; Anthiridium Diam. 24 u,

L. 10 u

Oedogonium sp. 3
Veg. cell Diam. 20 u, L.
This specimen could be a
species 2.

Oedogonium sp. 4
Veg. cell Diam. 13 u, L.

Oedogonium sp. 5
Veg. cell Diam. 16 u, L.
This specimen could be a
species 1

Oedogonium sp. 6

veg. cell Diam. 35 u, L.

60

57 u

vegetative representation of

37 u

80 u

vegetative representative of

110 u

Order Chlorococcales

Family Botryococcaceae

Botryococcus Kuetzing 1849

Bourrelly (1966) assigns this

genus to the family

Dictyosphaeriaceae on the basis of its reproduction and the

retention of the cells by fragments of the maternal membrane

resulting in amorphous or structured colonies. I have

followed Prescott (1964) in assigning it to the Botryococcaceae

in order to be consistent.

Botryococcus Braunii Kuetzing

1849, p. 892

Prescott 1962, p. 232, P1. 52, FigS. 1,2,11

Diamw 3—4 u, L. 6 u

Plankton. 660804.15

61

Botryococcus sudeticus Lemmermann 1896, p. 111
Prescott 1962, p. 232, P1. 52, Fig. 3
Diam. 9 u

Plankton. 680513.1

Family Characiaceae

Characium A. Braun in_Kuetzing 1849

 

Characium ambiguum Hermann 1863, p. 26
Prescott 1962, p. 216, P1. 45, Fig. 11
Diam 7 u, L. 21 u
Epiphyte on Oedogonium sp. in ice. 661217.1
Characium Dabaryanum (Reinsch) DeToni 1889
Pascher 1915, p. 84, Fig. 40
Diam. 14 u, L. 32 u
Epizoic—-this Specimen was found with Oedogonium sp.
in the ice. 661217.1
Characium falcatum Schroeder 1898, p. 23
Prescott 1962, p. 216, P1. 45, Fig. 14
Diam. 9 u, L. 38 u

Epiphyte on Oedogonium sp. in ice. 661217.1

Family Hydrodictyaceae
Pediastrum Meyen 1829
Pediastrum araneosum (Racib.) G. M. Smith 1916, p. 476
Prescott 1962, p. 221, P1. 47, Fig. 4
Diam. 25 u

Plankton. 660707.6

62

Pediastrum Boryanum (Turp.) Meneghini 1840, p. 210
Prescott 1962, p. 222, P1. 47, Fig. 9; P1. 48, Figs. 1,3
Diam. 14-20 u, L. 18 u
Squeezings, plankton. 660707.1
Pediastrum Boryanum var. longicorne Raciborski 1889, p. 13
Prescott 1962, p. 222, P1. 47, Fig. 10
Diam. 25 u
Squeezings. 660707.1
Pediastrum duplex var. clathratum (A. Braun) Lagerheim 1882,
p. 56
Prescott 1962, p. 223, P1. 48, Fig. 6
Diam. 13 u, colony Diam. 75 u
Plankton. 660804.13
Pediastrum duplex var. rugulosum Raciborski 1889, p. 24
Prescott 1962, p. 224, P1. 49, Fig. 3
Diam. 15—22 u
Among an entangled floating mass of algae and bottom mud.
670808.1
Pediastrum integrum Naegeli 1849, p. 97
Prescott 1962, p. 225, P1. 48, Figs. 9,10
Diam. 15-18 u
Squeezings. 660707.1
Pediastrum Obtusum Lucke 1907 (= E, quadricornutum Prescott
1944)
Prescott 1962, p. 226, P1. 49, Figs. 6,7
Diam. 16 u

Squeezings. 660707.1

63

Pediastrum tetras (Ehrenb.) Ralfs 1844, p. 469
Prescott 1962, p. 227, P1. 50, Figs. 3,6
Diam. 7 u
Squeezings. 660707.1

Pediastrum tetras var. tetraodon (Corda) Rabenhorst 1868, p. 78

 

Prescott 1962, p. 227, P1. 50, Fig. 7
Diam. 12 u, L. 10 u

Plankton. 660707.3

Sorastrum Kuetzing 1845

Sorastrum spinulosum Naegeli 1849, p. 99

 

Prescott 1962, p. 228, P1. 50, Fig. 9; P1. 53, Fig. l
Diam. 13 u, T. 10 u, spine L. 4 u

Squeezings. 660707.1

Family Coelastraceae
Coelastrum Naegeli in Kuetzing 1849
Coelastrum microporum Naegeli in_A. Braun 1844, p. 70
Prescott 1962, p. 230, P1. 53, Fig. 3
Diam. 8-10.5 u

Squeezings, plankton. 660707.1

Family Oocystaceae
Ankistrodesmus Corda 1839
Ankistrodesmus falcatus (Corda) Ralfs 1848, p. 180
Prescott 1962, p. 253, P1. 46, Figs. 5,6
Diam. 1.5 u, L. 30 u

Squeezings. 660804.13

64

Ankistrodesmus falcatus var. tumidus (West and West) G. S. West

 

Prescott 1962, p. 254, P1. 56, Figs. 14,15
Diam. 3 u, L. 18 u

Squeezings. 660707.4

Chlorella Beyerinck 1890

 

Chlorella vulgaris Beyerinck 1890, p. 758
Prescott 1962, p. 237, P1. 53, Fig. 13
Diam. 7 u

Plankton. 680521.l

Closteriopsis Lemmermann 1899

Closteriopsis longissima var. tropica West and West 1905

 

Prescott 1962, p. 255, P1. 57, Figs. 2,3
Diam. 6 u, L. 315 u

Entangled among epiphytes. 661115.5

Gloeotaenium Hansgirg 1890

 

Gloeotaenium Loitelsbergerianum Hansgirg 1890, p. 10
Prescott 1962, p. 248, P1. 54, Figs. 13,14
Diam. 25 u

Squeezings. 660707.1

Nephrocytium Naegeli 1849
Nephrocytium Agardhianum Naegeli 1849, p. 79
Prescott 1962, p. 249, P1. 54, Fig. 16
Diam. 3 u, L. 11 u

Squeezings. 660804.13

65

Nephrocytium limneticum (G. M. Smith) G. M. Smith 1933, p. 503
Prescott 1962, p. 249, P1. 54, Fig. 18
Diam. 5—7 u, L. 20 u

Squeezings. 660804.3

Oocystis Naegeli in A. Braun 1855
Oocystis Borqei Snow 1903, p. 379
Prescott 1962, p. 243, P1. 51, Fig. 10
Diam. 10 u, L. 19 u
Plankton. 660707.6
Oocystis elliptica W. West 1892, p. 739
Prescott 1962, p. 244, P1. 51, Fig. 11
Diam. 13-17 u, L. 21.3-27 u
Squeezings. 660707.1
Oocystis qiqas Archer 1877, p. 105
Prescott 1962, p. 244, P1. 51, Fig. 14
Diam. 21 u, L. 31.3 u
Squeezings. 660707.4
Oocystis parva West and West 1898, Jour. Bot., 36, p. 335
Prescott 1962, p. 246, P1. 54, Fig. 3
Diam. 8—11 u, L. 15-18 u
Tychoplankton. 660707.5
Oocystis solitaria Wittrock in Wittrock and Nordstedt 1879
Prescott 1962, p. 247, P1. 54, Fig. 10
Diam. 6 u, L. 13 u

Squeezings. 660704.3

66

Planktosphaeria G. M. Smith 1918
Planktosphaeria qelatinosa G. M. Smith 1918, p. 267
Prescott 1962, p. 240, P1. 53, Fig. 23
Diam. 13 u

Plankton, squeezings. 660707.1

Quadrigula Printz 1915
Quadriqula lacustris (Chod.) G. M. Smith 1920, p. 139
Smith 1920, p. 138-139, P1. 33, Figs. 4-6; Prescott 1962,
p. 260, P1. 59, Figs. 4,5
Diam. 6 u, L. 42 u

Squeezings. 660804.2

Rayssiella Edelstein and Prescott
Rayssiella hemisphaerica Edelstein and Prescott 1964, p. 121
Edelstein and Prescott 1964, p. 122, Figs. 1-9
Diam. 8 u, L. 18 u

Plankton. 660804.6

Tetraedron Kuetzing 1845
Tetraedron minimum (A. Braun) Hansgirg 1888, p. 131
Prescott 1962, p. 267, P1. 60, Figs. 12-15
Diam. 10-14 u
Plankton, squeezings. 660707.3
Tetraedron muticum (A. Braun) Hansgirg 1888, p. 131
Prescott 1962, p. 267, P1. 60, Figs. 16,17
Diam. 10-15 u

Squeezings, plankton. 660707.1

67

Trochiscia Kuetzing 1833
Trochiscia reticularis (Reinsch) Hansgirg 1888, p. 129
Prescott 1962, p. 230, P1. 53, Figs. 19,20
Diam. 20 u

Squeezings. 680605.1

Zoochlorella Brandt 1882
Zoochlorella parasitica Brandt 1882
Prescott 1962, p. 235, P1. 53, Fig. 9

Diam. 1 u

Endozoic in Ophridium sp. 671004.4

Family Scenedesmaceae
Crucigenia Morren 1830
Crucigenia rectangularis (A. Braun) Gay 1891, p. 100
Prescott, 1962, p. 285, P1. 65, Figs. 7,8
Diam. 5 u, L. 7-9 u

Plankton. 660707.5

Pectodictyon Taft 1945
Pectodictyon cubicum Taft 1945, pp. 25-28. (P1. 4, Fig. 1)
Smith 1950, p. 277, Fig. 199; Taft 1945, pp. 25-28
Diam.7 u
Plankton. 660804.7

New Record for Michigan.

68

Scenedesmus Meyen 1829

Scenedesmus acutus Meyen 1829

 

Uherkovich 1966, p. 36, P1. 1, Figs. 1-8 (= S, obliguus
(Turp.) Kuetzing 1833 in Prescott 1962, p. 279, P1. 63,
Fig. 17)
Diam. 5—7 u, L. 17.5—22 u
Squeezings. 660707.1

Scenedesmus acutus f. alternans Hortob. 1941.(P1. 1, Fig. 6)
Uherkovich 1966, p. 39, Pl. 1, Figs. 31,32,34-36
Diam. 5 u, L. 17.5 u
This form is distinguished by its alternating arrangement
of cells of the coenobium, the inner ones being angular
clavate, and the end cells being lunate with a swelling
on the inner curve.
Squeezings. 660707.1. New record for North America

Scenedesmus acutus f. tetradesmiformis (Wolosz.) Uherkovich

 

1966, p. 39.(P1. 1, Fig. 7)

Uherkovich, 1966, p. 39, P1. 1, Figs. 37-39

Diam. 7 u, L. 25 u

This form is distinguished by the fusiform cells

composing the coenobium.

Squeezings. 660707.4. New record for North America.
Scenedesmus arcuatus Lemmermann 1899

Uherkovich, 1966, p. 48, P1. 5, Figs. 138-145

Diam. 4-7 u, L. 10—15 u

Plankton, squeezings. 660804.3

69

Scenedesmus arcuatus var. playdisca G. M. Smith 1916
Smith 1916, p. 451, P1. 30, Figs. 101—105
Diam. 3-4 u, L. 8 u
Squeezings. 660707.1

Scenedesmus armatus var. boglariensis f. semicostatus

 

Hortb. 1949. (Pl. 1, Fig. 8)
Uherkovich 1966, p. 68, P1. 8, Figs. 342-347
Diam. 4-4.5 u, L. 16 u
This form is distinguished by the end cells of the
coenobium bearing a long spine at each pole and by the
central cells having a prominent longitudinal median rib.
Squeezings. 660707.1. New record for Michigan
Scenedesmus bicaudatus (Hansg.) Chodat 1926. (P1. 1, Fig. 9)
Uherkovich 1966, p. 88, P1. 13, Figs. 524-534
Diam. 5-6 u, L. 13-15 u; spine L. 10 u
This species is distinguished by its oval cells which
are tightly appressed and the terminal cells of the
coenobium each bearing one spine. The spines are
situated on the,opposite poles of the terminal cells.
Tychoplankton, adhering to a substrate. 660707.5.
New record for North America
Scenedesmus brevispina (G. M. Smith) Chodat 1926 (= §. longus
var. brevispina G. M. Smith 1916)
Uherkovich 1966, p. 51, Pl. 6, Figs. 171-177
Diam. 4 u, L. 12 u

Tychoplankton. 660707.5

70

Scenedesmus ecornis (Ralfs) Chodat. 1926, p. 170
Uherkovich 1966, p. 45, P1. 4, Figs. 84-109
Diam. 5 u, L. 15 u
Squeezings. 660707.1
Scenedesmus ecornis var. disciformis Chod. 1902
Uherkovich 1966, p. 46, P1. 4, Figs. 110-121
Diam. 4-5 u, L. 11-13 u
Squeezings. 660707.1
Scenedesmus lonqus var. Naegelii (deBréb.) G. M. Smith 1920,
p. 156
Prescott 1962, p. 279, P1. 63, Fig. 24, P1. 64, Fig. 1;
Smith 1920, p. 156, P1. 40, Figs. 1,2
Diam. 6.5 u, L. 22-25 u
Plankton. 660804.7
Scenedesmus ovalternus Chod. 1926, pp. 164—1965 (= g. bijuga
var. alternans (Reinsch) Borge 1907)
Uherkovich 1966, p. 47, P1. 5, Figs. 130,131
Diam. 5 u, L. 10 u
Squeezings. 660707.1
Scenedesmus quadricauda (Turp.) de Brébisson ig_de Brébisson
and Godey 1835, p. 66
Prescott 1962, p. 280, P1. 64, Fig. 2
Diam. 5 u, L. 15 u

Squeezings. 660707.1

71

Scenedesmus quadricauda var. longispina (Chod.) G. M. Smith
1916, p. 480
Prescott 1962, p. 280, P1. 63, Fig. 22; Smith 1916,
p. 480, P1. 31, Figs. 159-161
Diam. 7 u, L. 19-23 u; spine L. 10-15 u
Tychoplankton. 660707.5
Scenedesmus quadricauda var. maximus West and West 1895, p. 83
Prescott 1962, p. 280, P10 64, Figs. 3,4
Diam. 11 u, L. 36 u, spine L. 20 u
Squeezings. 670627.4
Scenedesmus quadricauda var. gpadrispina (Chod.) G. M. Smith
1916, p. 480
Prescott 1962, p. 280, P1. 63, Fig. 21
Cell Diam. 6.5-9 u, L. 15—19 u
Squeezings. 660707.1
Scenedesmus spinosus Chod. 1913, p. 74
Uherkovich 1966, p. 107, P1. 18, Figs. 709-747
Diam. 2.5—4 u, L. 10-12 u
Euplankton, tychoplankton, squeezings. 660707.3
Scenedesmus tibiscensis Uherkov. 1960. (P1. 1, Fig. 3)
Uherkovich 1966, p. 50, Pl. 5, Figs. 156—159
Diam. 3 u, L. 12-14 u
The alternating cells of the coenobium and their
angular shape are the distinguishing characters of this
species.

Squeezings. 660707.1. New record for Michigan.

72

Tetradesmus G. M. Smith 1913
Tetradesmus wisconsinense G. M. Smith 1913, p. 76
Prescott 1962, p. 283, P1. 64, Figs. 12—14
Diam. 3 u, L. 14 u

Squeezings. 660707.1

Order Zygnematales
Family Zygnemataceae

Mougeotia (C. A. Agardh) Wittrock 1872
Moggeotia sp.
Diam. 28 u, L. 150 u

Tychoplankton. 660707.5

Sirogonium Kuetzing 1843
Sirogonium stricticum (Engl. Bot.) Kuetzing 1843, p. 278
Transeau 1951, p. 233, P1. 40, Figs. 1-4; Prescott 1962,
p. 321, P1. 76, Figs. 5—7 (= Spirogyra strictica (Engl.
Bot.) Wille 1884, p. 34)
Diam. 34 u, L. 245 u; chloroplasts three 1/2 turn each

Grab sample of submersed algal mass. 670627.1

Spirogyra Link 1820
Spirogyra crassa Kuetzing 1843, p. 280
Prescott 1962, p. 312, P1. 72, Figs. 7,8

Diam. 150 u, L. 125 u

Floating mass at shore line. 670627.2

73

Spiroqyra longata (Vauch.) Kuetzing 1843, p. 279

Prescott 1962,

p.

316

Veg. cell Diam. 37 u,

L.

110 u; Zygospore Diam. 32 u,

L. 62 u; brownish with longitudinal suture

Submersed floating mass.

Spirogyra sp. 1

 

Veg. cell Diam.

Chloroplast-1
Plain end wall

Spiroqyra sp. 2

Veg. cell Diam.

Chloroplasts-3
Plain end wall

Spiroqyra sp. 3

Veg. cell Diam°

Chloroplast—1
Plain end wall

Spiroqyra sp. 4

 

Veg. cell Diam.

Chloroplasts-4
Plain end wall

Spirogyra sp. 5

Veg. cell Diam.

Chloroplast-1

Plain end wall

17-20 u,

25

27

33

45

u,

670527.5

L. 85-95 u

200 u

63 u

270 u

275 u

74

Spirogyra sp. 6
Veg. cell Diam. 45 u, L. 185—270
Chloroplasts—4
Plain end wall

Spiroqyra sp. 7
Veg. cell Diam. 105 u, L. 140-200 u
Chloroplast-4
Plain end wall

Spiroqua sp. 8
Veg. cell Diam. 15 u, L. 130 u
Chloroplast—l (2 1/2 - 3 loose turns)
Replicate end walls

Spirogyra sp. 9
Veg. cell Diam. 28 u, L. 170 u
Chloroplast-1 (7 tight turns)

Replicate end walls

Zygnema C. A. Agardh 1824
Zygnema sterile Transeau in Transeau, Tiffany, Taft, and Li
1934, p. 212
Prescott 1962, p. 326; Transeau 1951, p. 41, P1. 7,
Fig. 11
Diam. 53 u, L. 40 u; pectic layer 7 u
Floating mass by shoreline. 670609.11

Zygnema sp. 1
Veg. cell Diam. 18-19 u, L. 52—58 u

75

Zygnema sp. 2

Veg. cell Diam. 18-20 u, L. 30—43 u

Family Desmidiaceae

Closterium Nitzsch 1817
Closterium Dianae Ehrenberg 1838, p. 92

Irénée—Marie 1939, p. 66, P1. 5, Figs. 13-15
Diam. 20 u, L. 232 u
Squeezings. 660804.2

Closterium Ehrenbergii Menegh. 1840, p. 232

West and West 1904, p. 143, P1. 17, Figs. 1-4

Diam. 105 u, L. 435 u

Among epiphytes. 67lOO4.9
Closterium Jenneri Ralfs 1848, p. 167

Irénée-Marie 1939, P1. 7, Figs. 16-18

Diam. 11 u, L. 75 u

Tychoplankton. 660707.5

Closterium Leibleinii Kuetz. 1834, p. 596

Irénée-Marie 1939, p. 65, Pl. 5, Figs. 6-9,16

Diam. 20-22 u, L. 192-203 u
Squeezings. 660707.1

Closterium libellula Focke 1847, p. 58

Krieger 1937, p. 254, P1. 12, Figs. 1,2

Diam. 44-65 u, L. 374—410

Squeezings. 660707.2

76

Closterium moniliferum (Bory) Ehrenb. 1838, p. 91
Irénée-Marie, p. 66, P1. 5, Figs. 1,2
Diam. 40-50 u, L. 197—230 u
In small pocket in ice. 66l217.2

Closterium parvulum Naegeli 1849, p. 106
Irénée-Marie 1939, p. 67, F1. 5, Figs. 10-12
Diam. 15 u, L. 143 u
Among epiphytes. 661115.5

Closterium venus var. Westii (West) Krieger 1937, p. 274
Krieger 1937, p. 274, P1. 16, Fig. 9
Diam. 10 u, L. 75 u; arc 125 degrees

Squeezings. 660707.2

Cosmarium Corda 1834

Cosmarium anqulare Johnson 1894, p. 290
Irénée-Marie 1939, p. 179, P1. 23, Fig. 3
Diam. 25 u, L. 29 u, Is. 7 u
Squeezings. 670626.4

Cosmarium anqulosum Brébisson 1856, p. 127
Irénée-Marie 1939, p. 177, P1. 24, Fig. 5; Wade 1952
Diam. 15 u, L. 17 u, Is. 4—5 u, T. 8 u
Squeezings. 660707.1

Cosmarium Botrytis Meneghini 1840, p. 220
Irénée-Marie 1939, p. 210, P1. 26, Fig. 4
Diam. 52 u, L. 76 u, Is. 18 u

Among epiphytes. 670627.5

77

Cosmarium conspersum f. mig9£_Borge 1892, p. 9. (P1. 1, Fig. 11)
Croasdale 1965, p. 317
Diam. 42 u, L. 54, Is. 18 u
This form is distinguished from the typical on the basis
of its smaller size.
Intermingled with vascular aquatic plants. Found in the
squeezings of vascular aquatic plants. 660707.1. New
record for Michigan.

Cosmarium denticulatum var. Borgei Irénée—Marie 1939, p. 209
Irénée-Marie 1939, p. 209, P1. 28, Figs. 1,3-6; P1. 68,
Fig. 4
Diam. 90 u, L. 164 u, Is. 26 u
Plankton. 680513.1

Cosmarium depressum (Naeg.) Lund. 1871, p. 38. (P1. 2, Fig. 2)
Wade 1952; Irénée—Marie 1939, p. 165, P1. 25, Fig. 10;
West and West 1905, p. 176, P1. 62, Figs. 2-5
Diam. 52 u, L. 54 u, Is. 14 u
Forms of this species previously have been reported in
Michigan but not the typical. Dimensions of my specimen
agree with the largest given by Irénée-Marie, 1939. The
wall is punctate but free of any other markings with the
apical view oval.

Plankton. 670712.1. New record for Michigan.

78

Cosmarium depressum var. Schroederi Krieger and Gerloff 1962,
p. 25
Krieger and Gerloff 1962, p. 25, P1. 8, Fig. 11
Diam. 33 u, L. 38 u, Is. 17 u
Squeezings. 660707.1
Cosmarium garrolense var. dimido-minor (Gronblad) Krieger
and Gerloff 1962, p. 44. (Pl. 1, Fig. 10)
Krieger and Gerloff 1962, p. 44, P1. 12, Fig. 2
Diam. 14 u, L. 23 u, Is. 3 u
This variety is distinguished from the typical by its
smaller size.
Squeezings. 660707.4. New Record for North America.
Cosmarium humile (Gay) Nordst. lg De Toni 1899, p. 965
West and West 1908, p. 221, P1. 85, Figs. 16-18;
Wade 1952
Diam. 18 u, L. 19 u, Is. 5 u
Slightly larger than the typical Diam. 15 u, L. 15.4 u,
Is. 5 u
Squeezings. 660707.1
Cosmarium humile var. danicum (Borge) Schmidle 1895, p. 389.
(P1. 2, Fig. 8)
West and West 1908, p. 224, P1. 85, Fig. 19
Diam. 15 u, L. 17 u, Is. 6 u
This variety is distinguished from the typical by the
apical granules and by its smaller size.

Among epiphytes. 670609.3. New record for Michigan.

79

Cosmarium humile var. glabrum Gutw. 1892, p. 21. (Pl. 2, Fig. 9)
West and West 1908, p. 225, P1. 85, Figs. 23,24
Diam. 13.5 u, L. 15 u, Is. 4 u
This variety is approximately the same size as Q. humile
var. danicum but is completely devoid of wall decorations.
Squeezings. 660804.3. New record for Michigan
Cosmarium minutissimum Archer 1877, pp. 194 and 301. (P1. 2,
Fig. 2)
West and West 1908, p. 126; Irénée-Marie 1939, p. 165,
P1. 21, Fig. 8
Diam. 13 u, L. 15 u, Is. 2 u
The diminutive size of this species is distinguishing.
Squeezings. 660707.1. New record for Michigan
Cosmarium obtusatum_Schmid1e 1898, p. 38
Croasdale 1956, p. 43, Pl. 7, Fig. 13
Diam. 35 u, L. 40 u, Is. 11-12 u
Squeezings. 660707.4
Cosmarium Portianum Archer 1860, p. 49
Irénée—Marie 1939, p. 185, P1. 23, Fig. 4
Diam. 26 u, L. 39 u, Is. 11 u
Among epiphytes. 670712.8
Cosmarium psuedgpyramidatum Lundell 1871, p. 41
Irénée-Marie 1939, p. 170, P1. 29, Fig. 6
Diam. 26 u, L. 38 u, Is. 9 u

Squeezings. 660804.2

80

Cosmarium Reqnelli Wille 1884, p. 16. (P1. 2, Fig. 6)
Irénée-Marie 1939, p. 181, P1. 24, Figs. 2,12
Diam. 41 u, L. 45 u, Is. 15 u
The concave apex, the open notch at the side of the apex
and the lateral depression compose the undulating margin
that is characteristic of this species.
Squeezings. 660707.2
Cosmarium reniforme (Ralfs) Arch. 1874, p. 92
West and West 1908, p. 157, P1. 79, Figs. 1,2; P1. 82,
Fig. 15
Diam. 41 u, L. 45 u, Is. 15 u
Squeezings. 660707.1
Cosmarium sexangulare fa. minima Nordst. 1887, p. 162
West and West 1908, p. 82, P1. 72, Figs. 4,5
Diam. 11 u, L. 10 u, Is. 4 u
Squeezings. 660707.1
Cosmarium Spgrtella Brébisson 1849, p. 176. (P1. 4, Fig 3)
Irénée-Marie 1939, p. 200, P1. 24, Fig. 9
Diam. 50 u, L. 58 u, Is. 17 u
The granular surface and the central roset of granules
on each semi-cell distinguish the species. In apical
View the cell is oval.
Squeezings. 660707.2. New record for Michigan
Cosmarium subcostatum Nordst. 1876, p. 37
West and West 1908, p. 236, P1. 87, Figs. 3-5
Diam. 25 u, L. 30 u, Is. 6 u

Squeezings. 660707.1

81

Cosmarium subtumidum.Nordst. 1878, no. 172
west and West 1905, p. 192, P1. 63, Figs. 18-20
Diam. 33 u, L. 48 u, Is. 10 u
Squeezings. 660804.2

Cosmarium trilebulatum Reinsch 1867, p. 118
Krieger and Gerloff 1962, p. 98, P1. 20, Fig. 21
Diam. 21 u, L. 23 u, Is. 6 u
Squeezings. 660707.1

Cosmarium tumidum Lund 1871, p. 45
Insam and Krieger 1936, p. 110, P1. 2, Fig. 5
Diam. 23 u, L. 25 u, W. 14 u, Is. 5 u
Squeezings. 660707.1

Cosmarium Turpinii Brébisson 1856, p. 127
Irénée-Marie 1939, p. 199, P1. 26, Fig. 1
Diam. 56-58, L. 67-80, Is. 13—19
Squeezings. 660707.1

Cosmarium undulatum var. minutum Wittrock 1869, p. 11
Krieger and Gerloff 1962, p. 40, P1. 11, Fig. 11
Diam. 20 u, L. 32 u, Is. 6 u

Squeezings. 660804.4

Desmidium Agardh 1824

 

Desmidium Aptogonum Bréb. 1835, p. 65
West, West and Carter 1923, p. 242, P1. 164, Figs. 1-3;
Wade 1952, p. 518
Diam. 31 u, L. 14—18 u, Is. 25 u, Diam apices 28 u

Squeezings. 670912.3

82

Desmidium Baileyi (Ralfs) Nordst. 1880, p. 24
Irénée-Marie 1939, p. 363, F1. 63, Figs. 15,16; Wade
1952, p. 519
Diam. 24 u, L. 25 u

Plankton. 670829.6

Euastrum Ehrenberg 1832 emend. Ralfs 1844

Euastrum hypochondrum f. decoratum Scott and Presc., 1952,

p. 386, Scott and Prescott 1952, P1. 3, Fig. 10;

Jackson 1963

Diam. 60 u, L. 64 u, Is. 15 u

Entangled in mass of algae by shore-line. 660804.17
Euastrum turneri var. strictum (Boerges.) Scott and Prescott

1952, p. 392. (P1. 2, Fig. 3)

Diam. 27 u, L. 41 u, Is. 6 u

The deep apical notch and the smoothly undulating

margin with projecting granules (barely visible) are

characteristic of this variety. The granules at the

apices of the undulations are also characteristic.

Squeezings. 670912.3. New record for Michigan.
Euastrum verrucosum Ehrenb. 1834, p. 247

Prescott and Scott 1945, p. 247, P1. 6, Fig. 1

Diam. 87 u, L. 98 u, Is. 25 u

Among epiphytes. 670627.5

83

Hyalotheca Ehrenberg 1841

Hyalotheca dissiliens (Smith) Bréb. 1848, p. 51
Irénée—Marie 1939, p. 355, P1. 62, Figs. 1-4; Wade 1952,
p. 512; West, West and Carter 1923, p. 229, P1. 161,
Figs. 16-27
Diam. 26 u, L. 15 u
Plankton. 670712.2

Hyalotheca mucosa (Dillw.) Ehrenberg. 1840, p. 212
Irénée-Marie 1939, p. 355, P1. 62, Figs. 9,10; Wade 1952,
p. 511; West, West and Carter 1923, p. 235, P1. 162,
Figs. 1-4
Diam. 20 u, L. 20 u

Entangled in floating mass of algae. 661115.l

Micrasterias Agardh 1827
Micrasterias truncata var. semiradiata (Nag.) Cleve 1864, p. 487
IrénéeaMarie 1939, p. 222, P1. 33, Figs. 10,12
L. 88 u, W. 100 u, apex 64 u, Is. 17 u

Plankton. 670712.1

Pleurotaenium Naegeli 1849
Pleurotaenium Ehrenbergii (Bréb.) DeBary 1858, p. 75
West and West 1904, p. 205, P1. 29, Figs. 9-11;
P1. 30, Fig. l
Apical Diam. 20 u, Basal Diam° 31 u, L. 380 u

Squeezings. 660804.4

84

Pleurotaenium Trabecula (Ehrenb.) Naeg. 1849
West and West 1904, p. 209, P1. 30, Figs. 11—13
Apical Diam. 17-18 u, basal Diam. 27 u, L. 465 u,
Is. 20 u

Plankton. 670609.l

Staurastrum Meyen 1829

Staurastrum cornutum Archer 1881, p. 232
Irénée-Marie 1939, p. 289, P1. 50, Fig. 3; West, West
and Carter 1923, p. 31, P1. 133, Fig. 16
Diam. 30 u, L. 30 u, Is. 10 u
Squeezings. 670627.4

Staurastrum Cosmarioides Nordst. 1870, p. 223. (P1. 2, Fig. l)
Irénée-Marie 1939, p. 274, P1. 46, Fig. 3; West and West
1911, P1. 125, Figs. 11,12
Diam. 60 u, L. 95 u, Is. 30 u
The large size, punctate cell wall and triradiate
arrangement of the cell are characteristic of this
species. The arms are weakly developed and in lateral

View the cell resembles a large Cosmarium.

 

Squeezings. 660707.1. New record for Michigan.
Staurastrum crenulatum (Naeg.) Delp. 1877, p. 164

West, West and Carter 1923, p. 110, P1. 143, Figs. 9-13

Diam. 40 u, L. 24 u, Is. 8 u

Among floating mass of algae. 670627.6

85

Staurastrum cyclacanthum var. subacanthum Gronblad 1962,
p. 10. (Pl. 4, Fig. 2)
Gronblad 1962, p. 10, P1. 3, Fig. 30
Diam. 45 u, L. 40 u, Is. 10 u
This form is placed here as var. subacanthum on the
basis of size and the thickness of the central portion
of the cell when viewed apically.
Plankton. 661115.3. New record for North America
Staurastrum disputatum forma mig9£_West and West 1911, p. 179.
(P1. 2, Fig. 4)
West and West 1911, p. 176, P1. 126, Fig. 16; Pl. 2,
Fig. l
Diam. 13 u, L. 20 u, Is. 9 u
This form is distinguished by its small size.
In entangled mass of algae. 660804.17. New record for
North America
Staurastrum furcigerum Bréb. 1840, p. 226
West, West and Carter 1923, p. 188, P1. 156, Figs. 7,8
Diam. 55 u, L. 48 u, Is. 25 u
Plankton. 670609.1
Staurastrum gracile var. nannum Wille 1880, p. 46
West, West and Carter, 1923, p. 900, P1. 144, Figs. 8,9
Diam. 40 u, L. 30 u, Is. 5 u

Squeezings. 660707.1

86

Staurastrum hexacerum (Ehrenb.) Wittrock 1872, p. 51
Irénée-Marie 1939, p. 305, P1. 48, Fig. 3
Diam. 30 u, L. 26-27 u, Is. ? (7-8 u)
Squeezings. 660707.1

Staurastrum Johnsonii West and G. S. West 1896, p. 266
Irénée-Marie 1939, p. 302, P1. 53, Fig. 1
Diam. 95 u, L. 64 u, Is. 14 u
Squeezings. 660804.3

Staurastrum lonqiradiatum West and G. S. West 1896
Smith, 1924, p. 90, P1. 74, Figs. 5-11
Diam. 36 u, L. 25 u, Is. 5-6 u
Plankton. 670627.11

Staurastrum Manfeldtii Delp. 1877, p. 160
West, West and Carter 1923, p. 114, P1. 148, Fig. 2
Diam. 58 u, L. 55 u, Is. 14 u
Squeezings. 670627.4

Staurastrum pinnatum var. subpinnatum (Schm.) West and West
1902. (P1. 2, Fig. 10)
Hinode 1955, p. 23, P1. VI, Figs. 37,38
Diam. 44 u, L. 30 u, Is. 9 u
My variety is sex-radiate although it occurs most often
as penta—radiate varieties.

Plankton. 670712.1. New record for Michigan

87

Staurastrum punctulatum var. mig2£_West and West 1911.
(P1. 2, Fig. 5)
West and West 1911, p. 181, P1. 126, Fig. 12
Diam. 18 u, L. 20 u, Is. 8 u
This variety is distinguished from the typical by its
smaller size.
squeezings. 660707.1. New record for North America
Staurastrum Sebaldi var. ornatum 1873
West, West and Carter 1923, p. 67, Pl. 148, Fig. 7
Diam. 58 u, L. 80 u, Is. 15 u
Plankton. 670609.1

Staurastrum turgescens De Not. 1867, p. 51

 

West and West 1911, p. 167, P1. 126, Figs. 5-6
Diam.28 u, L. 35 u, Is. 10 u
In entangled floating mass of algae. 670609.9

Staurastrum vestitum Ralfs 1848, p. 142

 

West, West and Carter 1923, p. 158, P1. 151, Figs. 9—11
Diam. 40 u, L. 30 u, Is. 8 u

Squeezings. 660707.2

Xanthidium Ehrenberg 1837
Xanthidium antilopaeum (Bréb.) Kutz.
Croasdale 1947, p. 120, P1. 1, Fig. 1
Diam. 60 u, L. 62 u, Is. 18 u, spine L. 10 u

Plankton. 670829.5

88

Penium de Brébisson 1844
Penium margaritaceum (Enrenb.) Bréb. in_Ralfs 1848
West and West 1904, p. 83, P1. 8, Figs. 32-35
Basal Diam. 22 u, apical Diam. 12 u, L. 202 u
Squeezings. 660707.1
Class Charophyceae
Order Charales
Family Characeae
§h§£§_Valliant 1719
Chara globularis Thill.
Wood, R. D. 1967, p. 16
670609.5
Chara vulgaris Linnaeus 1753
Wood, R. D. 1967, p. 12
660804.1
Division Euglenophyta
Class Euglenophyceae
Order Euglenales
Family Euglenaceae
Euglena Ehrenberg 1838
Euglena elastica Prescott 1944, p. 365
Prescott 1962, p. 392, P1. 86, Figs. 10-12
Diam. 10 u

Plankton. 680401.1

89

Euqlena fusca (Klebs) Lemmermann 1910. (P1. 4, Fig. 6)
Gojdics 1953, p. 112, P1. 15, Figs. la-lf
Diam” 20 u, L. 155 u
The subcylindrical form with nearly parallel sides, the
size and characteristics of the pellicle, are diagnostic
of this species. Gojdics mentions that her material
lacked constancy in pellicular structure, and ascribed
this phenomenon to physiological conditions. In my
specimen the pellicle was smooth.
Among epiphytic algae. 670403.11. New record for
Michigan

Euglena gracilis Klebs 1883, p. 303
Prescott 1962, p. 393, P1. 85, Fig. 17
Diam. 16 u, L. 40 u
Among epiphytic algae. 670403.5

Euqlena proxima Dangeard 1902, p. 154
Prescott 1962, p. 394, P1. 85, Fig. 26
Diam. 19 u, L. 66 u
Among epiphytic algae. 670403.10

Euglena sp. A.
L. 73 u
Paramylum in the shape of curved rods; undulate margin
may be an artifact of preservation

Squeezings. 660707.2

9O

Euglena sp. B.

L. 57 u; round in cross section
Paramylum bodies not present; not known if organism is
metabolic

Entangled in a slime mass. 660804.20

Lepocinclis Perty 1849
Lepocinclis acuta Prescott in Prescott, Silva, and Wade 1949
Prescott 1962, p. 405, P1. 89, Figs. 8,9
Diam. 15 u, L. 32 u

Squeezings. 660707.2

Phacus Dujardin 1841

Phacus caudatus Huebner 1886, p. 5
Pochmann 1942, p. 146, Fig. 35; Prescott 1962, p. 398,
P1. 81, Fig. 13; Hnber-Pestalozzi 1955, p. 196, P1. 39,
Fig. 236
L. 32 u, W. 17 u
There is considerable variation of body form within
this genus.
Squeezings. 660707.1

Phacus contortus var. complicata Bourrelly 1952
Huber—Pestalozzi 1955, p. 205, Fig. 260B
Diam. 30 u, L. 42 u

Squeezings. 660707.2

91

Phacus curvicauda Swirenko 1915, p. 333
Prescott 1962, p. 399, P1. 87, Fig. 14; P1. 88, Fig. 21
Diam. 25 u, L. 40 u
Squeezings, tychoplankton. 660804.20

Phacus longicauda (Ehrenb.) Dujardin, M. F. 1841, p. 337
Prescott 1962, p. 400, P1. 87, Fig. 1
Diam. 40 u, L. 123 u, (cell body L. 70 u, caudus L. 53 u)
Squeezings, tychoplankton. 660804.20

Phacus longicauda var. insecta Kozw. 1915
Hueber Pestalozzi 1955, p. 223, P1. 50, Fig. 303;
Pochmann 1942, p. 204, Fig. 115 (as a sub species)
Diam. 62 u, L. 150 u; typical Diam. 44 u, L. 130 u
This specimen extends the size range of this variety.
Plankton. 670403.8

Phacus obolus Pochman 1942, p. 153. (P1. 4, Fig. 5)
Pochmann 1942, p. 153, Fig. 43
Diam. 15 u, L. 30 u
This species is distinguished by its size, the large
central paramylon body and the straight to slightly
bent caudus.
Squeezings. 660707.4. New record for North America

Phacus orbicularis Hubner 1886, p. 5, Fig. 1
Pochmann 1942, p. 178, Fig. 78
Diam. 35 u, L. 54 u

Squeezings. 660707.2

92

Phacus pseudonordstedtii Pochm. 1942, p. 219. (P1. 4, Fig. 4)
Huber—Pestalozzi 1955, p. 229, P1. 53, Fig. 318
Diam. 15 u, L. 33 u
This species is distinguished by the two large paramylum
bodies at the lateral margins, the straight caudus and
the left to right Spiral striations in the pellicle.
Squeezings. 660707.1. New record for Michigan.

Phacus pseudoswirenkoi Prescott 1944, p. 368
Prescott 1962, p. 402, P1. 85, Fig. 26; P1. 87, Fig. 2;
P1. 88, Fig. 14
Diam. 35 u, L. 50 u
Plankton. 660804.18

Phacus suecicus Lemmermann in Pascher and Lemmermann 1913,
p. 139
Prescott 1962, p. 403, P1. 88, Figs. 2,3
Diam. 27 u, L. 45 u
Squeezings. 660804.20

Phacus undulatus (Skv.) Pochm. 1942, p. 191
Huber-Pestalozzi 1955, p. 214, P1. 47, Fig. 287
Diam. 22 u, L. 32 u
Slightly smaller than typical. This specimen could be
a new variety of the species on the basis of its smaller
size (typical Diam. 38—40 u, L. 50—80 u).

Squeezings. 660707.1

93

Phacus sp. (P1. 5, Fig. 1)
This taxon is thought to be a new Species on the basis
of the following characteristics:
(1) the arrangement of the paramylum with one large
basal grain and many small grains scattered in the
cytoplasm;
(2) the size and shape of the cell; the shape agrees
with E, circulatus but the size is too great while the
size is correct for P, fllfléé but the shape is not;
(3) the notches in the membrane; the definite notch
on the right side of the cell and the slight depression
on the left of the cell membrane; and
(4) the length of the caudus and its angle to the left.
Very rare in the lake, found only once.
Diam. 83 u, total L. 127 u, body L. 95 u, caudus L. 32 u

Entangled in floating mass of algae. 660804.17

Trachelomonas Ehrenberg 1835

 

Trachelomonas hispida (Perty) Stein 1883, P1. 22, Fig. 21
Prescott 1962, p. 414, P1. 83, Fig. 35
Diam. 17-20 u
Slightly smaller than the typical
Squeezings. 670609.4

Trachelomonas volvocina Ehrenberg 1833, pp. 315,331; 1838, p. 48
Prescott 1962, p. 419, P1. 83, Figs. 1,7,8
Diam. 18 u, L. 20 u

Squeezings. 660707.2

94

Division Pyrrhophyta

Class Dinophyceae

Order Peridiniales

Family Glenodiniaceae
Glenodinium (Ehrenb.) Stein 1883

Glenodinium pulvisculus (Ehrenb.) Stein, III. part 2

 

Huber-Pestalozzi 1950, p. 172, Fig. 160; Prescott 1962,
p. 430, P1. 90, Figs. 17,18

Diam. 30 u

Larger than reported by Huber-Pestalozii, 1955, but
Prescott gives the max. Diam. at 29 u

Squeezings. 660804.3

Family Peridiniaceae

Peridinium Ehrenberg 1832

 

Peridinium gatunense Nygaard i§_Ostenfeld and Nyggaard 1925,
p. 10
Huber-Pestalozzi 1950, p. 202, Fig. 188; Prescott 1962,
p. 433, P1. 90, Figs. 25,26
Diam. 60-75 u, L. 56 u
Squeezings. 660707.3

Peridinium inconspicuum Lemm. 1900, p. 350
Huber-Pestalozzi 1950, p. 223, Fig. 227a; Prescott 1962,
p. 433, P1. 90, Figs. 22—24
Diam. 35 u

Plankton. 670218.3

95

Peridinium pusillum (Penard) Lemm. 1901, p. 65
Huber—Pestalozzi 1950, Fig. 234; Prescott 1962, p. 434,
P1. 107, Figs. 7-9
Diam. 21 u, L. 30 u
My specimen is slightly larger than the typical
Squeezings. 660804.4
Peridinium umbonatum Stein 1883
Huber—Pestalozzi 1950, p. 220, Fig. 218
Diam. 30 u, L. 35 u
Among attached algae. 670403.1
Peridinium‘Volzii Lemmermann 1905
Huber-Pestalozzi 1950, p. 195, Fig. 177d
Diam. 55 u
Plankton. 670403.7
Peridinium'Willei Huitfeld-Kaas 1900, p. 5
Prescott 1962, p. 434, P1. 91, Figs. 22—25
Diam. 55 u, L. 65 u

Plankton. 661115.3

Family Ceratiaceae
Ceratium Schrank 1793
Ceratium hirundinella (O. F. Muell.) Dujardin 1841, p. 377
Prescott 1962, p. 437, P1. 92, Figs. 4,5
L. 175 u

Squeezings, plankton. 660707.2

96

Order Dinococcales
Family Dinococcaceae

Cystodinium Klebs 1912

 

Cystodinigm,cornifax (Schill.) Klebs 1912, pp. 384,442
Prescott 1962, p. 438, P1. 91, Figs. 5,6
Diam. 30 u, L. 80 u

Squeezings. 660804.2

Division Chrysophyta
Class Xanthophyceae
Order Heterococcales
Family Chlorotheciaceae
Ophiocytium Naegeli 1849
Ophigcytium cochleare (Eichw.) A. Braun 1855, p. 54

Prescott 1962, p. 363, P1. 94, Figs. 10,11,15

Diam. 7 u
Squeezings. 660804.3
Ophiocytium parvulum (Perty) A. Braun 1855, p. 55
Prescott 1962, p. 365, P1. 94, Fig. 20; P1. 96, Figs. 4,5
Diam. 6 u
In my specimen the cell was weakly s—curved rather than

strongly so

Among epiphytic algae. 670609.7

97

Order Heterosiphonales
Family Vaucheriaceae
Vaucheria De Candolle 1805
Vaucheria sp.
Diam. 85 u
This specimen was not in reproductive condition when it
was collected.

In floating mass of algae. 670403.12

Class Chrysophyceae
Order Chrysomonadales
Family Synuraceae
Synura Ehrenberg 1838
Synura uvella Ehrenberg 1838, p. 61
Prescott 1962, p. 376, P1. 92, Figs. 6,7
Diam. 10 u, L. 20 u

Plankton. 670403.7

Family Ochromonadaecae
Dinobryon Ehrenberg 1835
Qibgbryon cylindricum Imhof 1883 ex. Ahlstrom 1937, p. 148
Prescott 1962, p. 378, P1. 107, Fig. l
Lorica Diam. 10 u, lorica L. 40 u

Plankton. 670627.10

98

Dinobryon sertularia Ehrenberg 1835, p. 280
Prescott 1962, p. 378, P1. 98, Fig. 10
Lorica Diam. 12 u, lorica L. 35 u
Plankton, squeezings. 660804.2
Dinobryon Tabellariae (Lemm.) Pascher ig_Pascher and
Lemmerman 1913, p. 66
Prescott 1962, p. 379, P1. 98, Figs. 3—5
Lorica Diam. 8 u, lorica L. 23 u

Plankton. 670609.2

Uroqlenopsig Lemmermann 1899
Uroglenopsis americana (Calkins) Lemmermann 1899, p. 107
Prescott 1962, p. 380, P1. 99, Figs. 1—5
Diam. 4 u, colony Diam. 135 u

Plankton. 680513.1

Class Bacillariophyceae
Order Centrales
Family Coscinodiscaceae
Cyclotella Kuetzing 1834
Cyclotella sp. Kuetzing 1834
Smith 1950, p. 462, Fig. 371

Plankton. 660804.18; 670318.1

Melosira C. Agardh 1824
Melosira sp. C. Agarh 1824
Smith 1950, p. 462, Fig. 370

Among floating algae. 670527.9

99

Order Pennales

Suborder Fragilarineae
Family Tabellariaceae
Tabellaria Ehrenberg 1840

Tabellaria sp. Ehrenberg 1840

 

Smith 1950, p. 474, Fig. 380
Plankton, epiphyte. 660804.18; 661115.6; 670218.3;

670403.8

Family Fragilariaceae

Asterionella Hassal 1850

 

Asterionella sp. Hassal 1850
Smith 1950, p. 480, Fig. 388

Plankton. 680513.1

Fraqilaria Lyngbye 1819, emend.

 

Rabenhorst 1864
Fraqilaria spp. Lyngbye
Smith 1950, p. 479, Fig. 386
Plankton, epiphyte. 660804.18; 661115.6; 670218.2;

670218.3

Synedra Ehrenberg 1830
Synedra spp. Ehrenberg 1830
Smith 1950, p. 479, Fig. 387
Plankton, epiphyte. 660804.18; 661115.6; 670218.2;

670218.3

lOO

Synedra delicatissima W. Smith
Det. by: F. M. Begres

Plankton. 660804.18

Family Eunotiaceae
Eunotia Ehrenberg 1837
Eunotia sp. Ehrenberg 1837
Smith 1950, p. 482, Fig. 389

Plankton, epiphyte. 661115.6; 670218.3

Suborder Achnanthineae
Family Achnanthaceae

Cocconeis Ehrenberg 1838

 

Cocconeis sp. Ehrenberg 1838
Smith 1950, p. 486, Fig. 395
Plankton, epiphyte. 660804.18; 661115.6; 670218.2;

670218.3

Suborder Naviculineae
Family Naviculaceae
Amphipleura Kuetzing 1844
Amphipleura sp. Kuetzing 1844
Smith 1950, p. 492, Fig. 403

Epiphyte, plankton. 661115.6; 670218.2; 670218.3

101

Gyrosigma Hassal 1845 emend. Cleve 1894

 

Gyrosigma sp. Hassal 1845 emend. Cleve 1894

 

Smith 1950, p. 494, Fig. 406

Plankton. 660804.18

Navicula Bory 1822
Navicula spp. Bory 1822
Smith 1950, p. 488, Fig. 396
Plankton, epiphyte. 660804.18; 661115.6; 670218.2;

670218.3

Neidium Pfitzer 1871
Neidium sp. Pfitzer 1871
Smith 1950, p. 490, Fig. 399

Plankton, epiphyte. 660804.18; 661115.6; 670218.2

Pinnularia Ehrenberg 1840
Pinnularia spp. Ehrenberg 1840
Smith 1950, p. 489, Fig. 397
Epiphyte, plankton. 660804.18; 661115.6; 670218.2;

670218.3

Stauroneis Ehrenberg 1843

Stauroneis sp. Ehrenberg 1843

 

Smith 1950, p. 492, Fig. 402
Plankton, epiphyte. 660804.18; 661115.6; 670218.2;

670218.3

102

Gomphonema Agardh 1824

 

Gomphonema spp. Agardh 1824

 

Smith 1950, p. 498, Fig. 411
Plankton, epiphyte. 660804.18; 661115.6; 670218.2;

670627.5

Family Cymbellaceae
Amphora Ehrenberg 1840
Amphora spp. Ehrenberg 1840
Smith 1950, p. 501, Fig. 414

Plankton, epiphyte. 661115.6; 670218.2

Cymbella Agardh 1830
Cymbella spp. Agardh 1830
Smith 1950, p. 500, Fig. 413
Epiphyte, plankton. 660804.18; 661115.6; 670218.2;

670218.3

Epithemia de Brébisson 1838
Epithemia sp. de Brébisson 1838
Smith 1950, p. 502, Fig. 415

Plankton. 660804.18; 670218.2

Rhopalodia O. Muller 1895

 

Rhopalodia sp. 0. Muller 1895

 

Smith 1950, p. 503, Fig. 416

Epiphyte, plankton. 660804.18; 661115.6; 670218.3

103

Suborder Surirellineae
Family Nitzschiaceae
Nitzschia Hassal 1843
Nitzschia spp. Hassal 1845
Smith 1950, p. 505, Fig. 417

Epiphyte, plankton. 660804.18; 661115.6; 670218.3

Family Surirellaceae

Cymatopleura W. Smith 1851

Cymatopleura sp. W. Smith 1851
Smith 1950, p. 507, Fig. 420

Plankton, epiphyte. 661115.6; 670218.2

Surirella Turpin 1828
Surirella sp. Turpin 1828
Smith 1950, p. 508, Fig. 421

Plankton. 660804.8; 670403.3

Figure

2,4

10

11

Figures 1-11

104

PLATE 1

Organism

Borzia triocularis

Scytonema Bohneri

Scenedesmus tibiscensis

Oedogonium capitellatum

Scenedesmus acutus f. alternans

S, acutus f. tetradesmiformis

S. armatus var. boglariensis f. semicostatus
,s. bicaudatus

Cosmarium garrolense var. dimido—minor

Q, conspersum f. minor

(660x)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

106

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

P LATE 2
Figure Organism
1 Staurastrum Cosmarioides
2 Cosmarium depressum
3 Euastrum turneri var. strictum
4 Staurastrum disputatum f. minor
5 .§- punctulatum var. minor
6 Cosmarium Regnellii
7 Q, minutissimum
8 9, humile var. danicum
9 Q, humile var. glabrum
lO Staurastrum pinnatum var. subpinnatum

 

 

Figures 1—10 (660x)

PLATE 2

 

 

 

107

108

PLATE 3

Figure Organism

1-5 Gongrosira sp. (1) one filament, (2) mature

 

sporangia, (3) discharged sporangia, (4) basal

cell detail, (5) aggregation of basal cells.

Figures 1,5 (150x); 2—4 (660x)

110

 

 

 

 

 

P LATE 4
Figure Organism
l Pectodictyon cubicum
2 Staurastrum cyclacanthum var. subacanthum
3 Cosmarium Sportella
4 Phacus pseudonordstedtii
5 g, obolus
6 Euglena fusca

 

Figures 2-6 (660x); 1 after Taft 1945

PLATE 4

 

 

 

 

 

 

111

112

PLATE 5

Figure Organism

l Phacus sp.

Figure l (660x)

 

PLATE 5

 

113

APPENDIX I

APPENDIX I

Annotated list of vascular aquatic plants in Park Lake from
the Institute for Fisheries research, Department of Fisheries,

Michigan Department of Conservation, 1938.

Alisma plantago-aquatica L.
Asclepias incarnata L.

Brasenia Schreberi Gmel.
Ceratophyllum demersum L.

*Cyperus esculentis L.

Decodon verticillatus (L.) Ell.
Eleocharis acicularis (L.) R. & S.
Eleocharis sp.

*Elodea canadensis Michx.
Equisetum fluviatile L.

*Lemna minor L.

 

5L. valdiviana Phil.

Najas flexilis (Willd.) Rostk. & Schmidt

 

N, olivacea Rosend. & Butt.
Myriophyllum sp.
Nuphar variegatum Engelm.

Nymphaea odorata Ait.

114

115

Pontederia cordata L.

Potamoqeton amplifolius Tuckerm.

I'd

angustifolius Berchtold & Presl

 

I'U

qramineus L.

I’U

illinoensis Morong

 

I'd

natans L.

pectinatus L.

[*0

 

I'U

praelongus Wulfen

 

I'U

pusillus L.

Robbinsii Oakes

I'd

 

strictifolius Ar. Benn.

I'd

 

. zosteriformis Fern.

I'U

Sagittaria latifolia Willd.

Sagittaria sp.

 

Sgirpus acutus Muhl.

g. americanus Pers.

*Sium suave Walt.

Sparqanium chlorocgrpum_Rydb.
Sparquium sp.

Spirodela polyrhiza (L.) Schleid.
*Typha angustifolia L.

2, latifolia L.

Utricularia vulgaris var. americanus Gray

(* = author's additions to the list)

APPENDIX II

116

p
y

 

 

Edwmdo asflnmmsmmoamoo

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

x

x x y, mmmmmw_aw
x x x x x Jxmmmmmmmm am
x x x x AHWubommHm aw
.. 9.94.83
x x .mmmmm aw
x x mmmmmmfi am
x x x x x msoapwsfifla mm
x msmuammam mm
x x x x x x mamHsmmwc msoooooouno
x x x w mcasmwum aw
x mmocflumamm woonuocmnmm
x mama
x mumflzomam mmmmoocmnmd
mumsmocmmo

UMQ >02 BOO mam 0D€ QDb ZDb N42 mm< m<2 mmm 24b udwmmum H x

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

MMGQ Mm<m ZH m<wfl< HEB m0 meNQ<Z<.m>HB€BHQ<DO

HH NHQmem<

 

117

 

 

mamumduocfl cozmflmmmfimau

 

muhmocfi um

 

 

mmeMImon .2

 

 

mmocwmsumm mwummuouoaz

 

 

2|

maflmmflssmu .

 

mumuocdm .

SI

 

mosmam .

2|

 

 

Mu5H0>coo mameoEmHHmE

 

MMommEoo .Hm> mfluumswma aw

 

xmamfluasa .Hm> mcficomm am

 

masumoaamo .Hm> msflcomm mm

 

 

Msflsoam mflummnawonmaou

 

 

 

mfluummuasu momnuomoaw

 

 

mammadoflmmm mammooooooamwoma

 

 

Enamaammomz .U

 

 

EdamflchNuoSM Edwummnmwoamoo

 

UMQ

.>OZ

 

 

BOO

 

mmm

 

03¢

 

ASH;

 

ZDb

 

Mflz

 

mm¢

 

m4:

mmm

 

Zdb

ucmmmum u x

 

 

 

 

pmscaucoounHH xHozmmmm

 

 

118

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

x x §.m
x x Hauomsuon um
x mammasofluum um
x x Hanoummd mHHOpMHHHUmO
x Hoaooflmum> um
x .mwmmwNMH am
x mmpaocflasnfimm mm
x x x am
x x HHmDE>n0HmHm am
x x moaumnmamm am
x gm
x x x mmmmww 1%
x x x HHHmSDWFM mwnmcmq
x mHHmasooHHu mHNHom
x x x .mmwmmwm.mmwmmmmnmmfl
x .MQQflE.MWmmmmmmMflM
DMD >02 BOO mmm 0D< QDb ZDb MES mm<im<z mmm Zdb ucmmwhm H X

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

omSCHDGOUIIHH Nanmmmm

 

119

 

mwmflmflHMAflflmmq zfl

 

 

mm50m1moam MQWMMMQQ.

 

ummmmmmfl.mmflamuummmflmw

 

mmammnsm .m

 

 

momocflum maflasnaam

 

 

manouocwu NHHSuONHnom

 

 

mssmu Esflpflauonm

 

OI

mflssmu .

 

 

O|

mH>mHQQdm

 

 

oI

msmommnsn

 

wmwmmflmm

o’I

 

ol

mumcuo

 

ol

mumflc .

 

ol

mmoEHH

 

 

OI

moflamnfiaa .

 

 

mmmofl>nso manoumaaflomo

 

 

DMD

 

>02

 

BOO

 

mmm

 

02¢

 

QDb

 

25b

 

N<E

 

mmfl

 

mdz.

 

mum

 

24b

 

ucmmmum u x

 

 

pmscHucovluHH XHszmm¢

 

120

 

EsmpflosmHNmNHom aw

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

mmonoaw mmcoEOC>EmH£U

 

mumnmonoano

 

Efim:m aw

 

 

 

mumHSCHSUF masofluuomon

 

 

waumaamum mm

 

 

moau>£QHQm aw

 

 

mumadoauumfl>mnn .U

 

 

mnoflupm Nannuoamu

 

mflscmu .B

 

 

mumsma xflucuommaoa

 

 

Humanom mamcoumom

 

 

mamauummmwow ouwmzoouoflz

 

 

Edussafiaoo ooumoz

 

 

.mm mammnmcd

 

 

DMD

 

>02

 

BOO

 

mmm

 

004

 

40b

2Db

 

M42

 

 

mm< mflz mmm 2€b

 

 

 

 

ucmmmnm n x

 

 

UmscwucooIlHH anzmmm<

 

121

 

 

mmoaoflcmmwosuo muommfln

 

 

mmocaumamm muommmnuoe

 

 

mamansmum mflum>00dm¢

 

 

Humumounom mwum>ooflumm£mm

 

 

mmoosE maamfiamm

 

 

mowGODMGMHQ am

 

mm a .0

 

 

mamfim maumhoomoaw

 

 

msnmmmsm msooooonmumfl

 

msfluumu .>

 

 

msmusm xo>ao>

 

 

moannomaamo msHHOUooam

 

 

EUHOE MGflHO@Cmm

 

 

mammououmfesflcow

 

 

mammmam msfluopsm

 

 

H>UH$Q0©50MQ WMCOEOCNEMHfiu

 

 

Own

 

.>02

 

BOO

 

mam

 

00¢

 

QDb

 

20b

 

N“:

 

mmfi

 

m¢2

 

mam

 

2<b

 

ucmmmum u x

 

 

poucaucoollHH Nanmmmm

 

122

 

 

mandamuum muonaoummno

 

mcmmmH

.4

 

 

mummnomaom mumm£UOCm£m<

 

 

muummcoo mmmmoouccaawo

 

 

Edmonmmum

2|

 

mawmemmmm

z’l

 

 

chmuommoq

2|

 

 

mammmam MHOQWOHUHS

 

 

ETDmonoam mfimcoub

 

 

mEannmcou xflunuoab

 

 

mcmomo>mam adaamoaomm

 

 

333M Seamaasom

 

MOSHE

xw

 

 

mumsumucfl maamcflamw

 

 

mcmuumv mammoaoficflm

 

meta. 5.3 52.106383

 

 

DMD

 

>02

 

BOO

 

mum

 

004

 

ADb

 

20b

 

N42

 

2&4,

 

M42

 

mmm

 

24b

 

ucmmmum u x

 

 

pmsaausoonuHH anzmmm<

 

123

 

lssllmflnmqloas 1.. .83.. um

 

.admuddumflmnMHm Ewwmddwmmwmfi

 

Ildllmas awe... d

 

demmflmm mudmmmmmau

 

mmmmuu am

 

Escoamno macmaoammm

 

 

.mm muwmouocow

 

 

mefiMQOQ muamonvcow

 

 

mflHmHSUmHHH muomnoomaoo

 

 

mHHm>o Edfloaummnmmoummno

 

 

mwoflua> msooooououm

 

mscmu 2W

 

 

EDUGSUGWQSW . m

 

 

ESUHHQDH ESHCOHUommflum

 

 

msmowumam maam>aspsmmm

 

 

mummmmnocfl muonmoummso

 

 

0mm

 

>02

 

BOO

 

mMm

 

0D4

 

QDb

 

22b

 

N42

 

2&4 M42 mmm 24b

 

 

 

 

ucmmmnm u x

 

 

UOSGHUGOUIIHH NHQ2mmm4

 

124

 

 

Esuwmuca

all

 

Edmoasmsu .Hm> XmamSG

all

 

 

Edumunumao .Hm> xmamdo

0-1

 

 

 

:Hooamcoa .Hm> Edamwuom

ml

 

Edamxuom

ml

 

 

EDwOmCMHm EDMUWMAUUQ

 

Esumoamm

am

 

 

Escuwumnmn .U

 

 

Essmflnfim ESHUMHMSU

 

 

msoapmcSm

.m

 

 

Hassmum msooooomuuom

 

 

adamanumouflmm

ol

 

mmcmumnm .

ol

 

 

Eduommoaflomom

..o.

 

flapnmsom

.0

 

 

Bdumaamufimmo 852s000600

 

 

UMQ

 

>02

 

BOO

 

mmm

 

0D4

 

ADb

 

2Db

N42

 

 

mm4

 

M42

 

mmm

 

24b

 

ucmmmum n x

 

 

omdcwuaoullHH XHQmem4

 

125

 

 

 

 

moapmaaam .o

 

 

Hmouom maum>ooo

 

 

ESUHDFGEHH .z

 

 

.mdcmanpnmm4 EsHuNoounemz

 

 

 

E awe Hmnmamufloq Edacwmuomoaw

 

 

madman» .Hm> mEHmmHUGOH mammdaumumoau

 

uduumdqx;uaaumgdnu

 

 

mSGHESD .Hm> msumoamm mfl

 

 

msumoamm msamopouumflxcd

 

 

asuomqnofle asnummamou

 

 

EdmoHscflmm Eduummuom

 

 

cowomuumu .Hm> mmuumu am

 

mmnumu .m

 

 

Efimsuno EsuumMHpmm

 

 

GHQ

 

>02

 

BOO

 

mmm

 

054

 

QDb

 

206

 

N42

 

mm4

 

m42

 

mmm

 

24b

 

ucmmmnm H x

 

 

pmscaucoounHH xHozmmm«

 

126

 

.mmmmmmmmwamm
.0030 H on

.Hm> msummoum aw

 

ml

m. “ma .Hm> msumsoum

 

ml

msumsoum

 

 

ml

MHHHOMHEmmpmnumu .m msusom

 

 

ml

msmcnmuam .m msusom .

 

 

mDUDOm msgmmmvmflmnum

 

 

Esoflnso somuowoouomm

 

 

 

mflHmHDmCmuomn macomflosuo

 

 

 

muauammuma maamuoHnUOON

 

 

mammasoflumu maomflnoouB

 

ESUHDSE .B

 

 

 

ESEHGHE coupomnuma

 

 

 

moflnmmnmmflamn maaoamm>mm

 

 

 

mHHumsoma masmflupmso

 

 

mmocaumaum manomflmmouxsmam

 

 

mflumuflaom mflpmmooo

 

 

O29

 

>02

 

BOO

 

&2m

 

004

 

22b

 

22b

 

N42

 

2&4 242 222 24b

 

 

 

 

ucmmwum u x

 

 

UmflGHuGOOIIHH KHQ22&&4

 

127

 

mummcoa aw

 

 

mmmmuo muhmouamm

 

 

.Esowuoauum Esflcomouam

 

 

mmcmcflmcoomAB mSEmemuumB

 

 

ml

mflmcmomflnflu .

 

mamocflmm

ml

 

.ddddwfluddnd .um>.mmmmwwwmmmd

ml

 

 

mSEflme

m

.Hm> mpsmoflupmnw

 

 

 

msflomflmsoa .Hm> Monmofluomsv

m

 

 

mpsmoflnpmsq

m

 

 

ml

mscumuam>o

 

“flammmmz .Hm> msmcoa

ml

 

ml

mafihOmaomflo .Hm> chHoom

 

ml

mHGHoom

 

 

ml

msflmwfl>mnn

 

 

mSHMUDMUHQ mfiammwmfimUm

 

 

O22

 

>02

 

BOO

 

&2m

 

004

 

20b

 

22b

 

N42

 

2&4

242

 

 

222

 

24b

 

ucwmmnm H x

 

 

poacausoollHH mezmmm<

 

128

 

 

 

ol

flumomonnom .Hm> Edmmmhmup

 

 

ol

Esmmmummp .

 

 

u’l

Ammuom .Hm> Edumasowvsmp

 

 

ol

Honda .2 E5mu0&msoo

 

 

ol

maumnuom .

 

 

oumasmam EdHHmEmou

 

 

ol

mmcmflcocmmmm .

 

ol

HHU203 . Hm> 0520>

 

 

ol

EDHD>Hmm

 

ol

lflmmmmdedda

 

0°:

MHSHHGQAH

 

ol

Hatfiewnmm

 

ol

Humcsmb

 

 

Ul

aagsmssmusm .

 

 

GMCMHQ 55H H0¥20HU

 

 

maflumum mamcmmw

 

 

O22

 

>02

 

BOO

 

&2m

 

024

 

ADb

 

22b

 

N42

 

2&4

 

242

 

222

 

24b

 

ucmmmum n x

 

 

poncfluGOUIIHH Xanmmm4

 

129

 

ol

encased

 

ol

mmmm&mmmdfluu

 

 

ol

asoflssuQSm

 

 

ol

EnumumOUQSm

 

 

ol

maamunomm

 

 

ol

mEHGflE .2 mumasmamxmm

 

 

OI

méumwflcmn

 

aaamsmom

ol

 

 

ol

E:um©afimn2&0©smmm

 

 

ol

adamaunom

 

 

EsummSDQo

 

Edammflmmmwm

 

ololol

Esnnmam .Hm>.dflwflmd

 

o'l

Esoasmo .Hm> maflfidn

 

ol

mamemm

 

 

 

 

HOQAEIOGHEap .Hm> mmcwaonumo.mdanmamoo

 

 

O22

 

>02

 

BOO

 

&2m

 

024

 

22b

 

22b

 

N42

 

2&4.

 

 

222

 

24h

 

unmmmnm H x

 

 

GODGHUGOOIIHH XH222&&4

 

130

 

 

.amdemmmmflw .Hm> Esnucmmeo>o aw

 

filmmassmuo 2w

 

 

mmpownmfimoo .m

 

.amMMdmmm.ammMmMHmmmw

 

 

masomnmuu .2

 

 

quumncmnnm 552Gomuousmam

 

 

mumoasuu mMHHmpmMHUHS

 

mmoosa .2

 

 

mSGHHHmmHG momnuoamxm

 

 

 

Eamoodnum> 4%

 

mmmmwmum .Hm> HHHQmeH .m

 

anuuwmwwq .2 aflucconoomNd annuwmmw

 

axoflmm .m

 

 

Esadmaumw.552©28mmn

 

 

 

Esuscfla .Hm> ESumadpcs .0

 

HHCHNHUB ammfl Hmamdum

 

 

O22

 

>02

 

BOO

 

&2m

 

024

22h

222

N42

 

 

2&4

 

242

222

24b

ucmmmum n x

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

pmssmuqoouuHH xHozmmm<

 

131

 

mHHmmHs>

aw

 

 

mHHMHsQon mumsv

 

 

Esmomuflumuma 652:02

 

 

Esmmmonqu 25202£ucwx

 

85222mm>

.Im.

 

 

msmommm252

ml

 

Esumcno .Hm> Hoamnmm

ml

 

 

HOCHE .Hm> Enum252ocsm

ml

 

 

EsumccHQQSm .Hm> EnquGHm

ml

 

 

Hautammsma

ml

 

 

E52m2©mufiwcoa

ml

 

 

HHGOmGQOU

ml

 

 

Ednmomst

U)

 

Encamc .Hm> maflomum

ml

 

 

Edumm20252

m'l

 

 

HOCHE .2 Edumusmmflw EDHHmMHSmum

 

 

O22

 

>02

 

BOO

 

&2m

 

024

 

22b

 

22b

 

N42

 

2&4

 

242

 

222

 

24b

 

ucmmmum n x

 

 

UmscflucOOIIHH Xanmmm4

 

132

 

 

mmxdeABmoodmmm

ml

 

 

kuomumGHOGOGSmmm

ml

 

maumflfluflfiwm

&|

 

msaono

ml

 

 

muommcm .Hm> MUDMUHUGOH

ml

 

 

MGSMUHUGOH

ml

 

 

m©5m02>uso

ml

 

 

 

mumomamaoo .Hm> mDuHODCOU

ml

 

 

msum©5mo msomnm

 

 

mudom m2HUs200202

 

mamxoum

um

 

mHHHUmmm

.m

 

mom52

.2

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

moflummam mcwamsm

 

 

 

mumnmocmamsm

 

 

, own

 

>02

 

BOO

 

&2m

 

024

 

22b

 

22b

 

N42

 

2&4

 

242

 

222

 

24b

 

ucmmmnm u x

 

 

CWSGHHGOUIIHH NHQZMmm<

 

133

 

 

xm2msuoo 852G2©2ume

 

 

maamampcsnmn asflumnmu

 

4.31.3 .M

 

ml

wwwao> .

 

Essoamwcoocm .

ml

 

ml

Esawmdnam .

 

asamamsm am

 

wmcmqmwfim amfldwdwumm

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

msHsom2>Hsa Edmsmpoaoaw

 

m22£202222&

 

mcfloo>ao> .B

 

 

mUHmmmn mmsoEonnomHB

 

.mm msomnm

 

msumadwqm .m

 

 

 

220230022 mSOMEm

 

 

O22

 

>02

 

BOO

 

&2m

 

024

 

22b

 

22b

 

N42

 

2&4

 

242

 

222

 

24b

 

ucmmmum u x

 

 

UmscmuGOOIIHH Kanmmmd

 

134

 

 

Ilsa: mwlIIllflmo: we . m

 

.mmm mumeNm

 

.mmm MMNMAflmem

 

.% 3.39%

 

 

.mm M2HMHHmQMB

 

.mm mmmonmZ

 

 

.mm maamuoaomo

 

 

MCMUHHQEM mHmmOGGHUOHD

 

mmmumaamnmu am

 

 

m2nmasummm .2

 

 

HSUHMUGHH>U.QONHQQQHQ

 

 

maam>s mudcmm

 

 

.mm MHHmnosm>

 

ESHS>Hmm um

 

 

mmmmanooo Edmu>ooH£Qo

 

mumnmommuzo

 

 

O22

 

>02

 

BOO

 

&2m

 

024

 

22b

 

22b

 

N42

 

2&4 242 222 24b

 

 

 

 

220mmum n x

 

 

meGHuGOOIIHH Nanmmmm

 

135

 

 

.mm maamnmuflm

 

 

.mm musmamoumfimu

 

 

.mmm MHnomnumz

 

 

.mm MHpoamonm

 

 

.mm MHEmnuflmm

 

.mmm maammmNO

 

.mmm muonme<

 

 

.mmm mEmsonmEow

 

 

.mm mmmcomsmum

 

 

.mmm MAHmHSCGHm

 

.mm Esmpmoz

 

mm masom>mz

 

 

.mm mEmHmommw

 

 

.mw mudmfi223224

 

 

.mm mHmcooooo

 

.mm mmpocsm

 

 

O22

 

>02

 

BOO

 

&2m

 

024

 

22b

 

22b

 

N42

 

2&4 242 222 24b

 

 

 

 

ucmmwum H x

 

 

pmscmucoolnmm xHQmem<

 

BIBLIOGRAPHY

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Andrews, Hollings T. 1968. The developmental morphology of
Gongrosira debaryana. J. Phycol. 4(1): 4—8, Figs. 1—18.

Bourrelly, P. 1966. Les algues d'eau douce. I. Algues
vertes. Editions N. Boubée & Cie., Paris. 511 pp.

1968. Les algues d'eau douce. II. Algues jaunes

et brunes. Editions N. Boubée & Cie., Paris. 438 pp.

Bratt, Albertus D. 1957. A quantitative study of the
invertebrate population of Park Lake, Clinton County,
Michigan. M.S. Thesis, Michigan State University,
unpublished.

Croasdale, Hannah T. 1956. Freshwater algae of Alaska I.
some desmids from the interior. Part 2: Actinotaenium,

Micrasterias and Cosmarium. Trans. Amer. Micros. Soc.,

 

 

75(1): 1-70 (reprint).

1957. Freshwater algae of Alaska I. Some desmids
from the interior. Part 3: Cosmariae concluded. Trans.
Amer. Micros. Soc., 76(2): 116-158 (reprint).

1965. Desmids of Devon Island, N.W.T., Canada.
Trans. Amer. Micros. Soc. 84(3): 301-335 (reprint).

Edelstein, Tikvah and Prescott, G. W. 1964. Raysiella, a
new genus of Oocystaceae (Chlorophyta) from Spring Lake,

Michigan. Phycologia 4(2): 121-125 (reprint).

136

137

Edelstein, T. 1966. The phytoplankton of Spring Lake,
Michigan (with 3 figs.). Hydrobiologia 27(1/2):
137-145.

Fassett, Norman C. 1966. A Manual of Aquatic Plants with
Revision Appendix by E. C. Ogden. University of
Wisconsin Press. Madison. pp. 405.

Fernald, M. L. 1950. Gray‘s Manual of Botany. 8th Ed.

Amer. Book Co. New York. pp. v-lxiv+3—1632.

Frémy, P. 1930. Les Myxophycées de l'Afrique équatoriale
francaise. 507 pp.; Figs. 1-362. Thesis. Caen.

Gietler, L. 1932. Cyanophyta, in Rabenhorst's Kryptogammen—
Flora. Akademische Verlagsgesellschaft m.b.H. Leipzig.
14: 1-1196, Figs. 1-780.

Gojdics, Mary. 1953. The Genus Euqlena. University of
Wisconsin Press, Madison. 268 pp.

Gomont, M. 1893. Monographie des Oscillaries (Nostocacées
homocystées). Paris.

Gronblad, R. 1962. Sudanese Desmids II. Acta Bot. Fen.

63: 3-19, Pls. 1—4, Figs. 1-35.

Heering, W. 1914. Ulotrichales, Microsporales, Oedogoniales.
In A. Pascher, Die Susswasserflora Deutschlands,
Oesterreichs und der Schweiz. Heft 6. Chlorophyceae
3: 1-250; Figs. 1-384. Jena.

Hinode, T. 1955. The desmid-flora of Akai—yachi (3). Jour.

Jap. Bot. 30(4): 21—26 (reprint).

138

Huber-Pestalozzi, G. 1950. Das Phytoplankton des
Susswassers, Systematik und Biologie 3. Teil.
Cryptophyceen, Chloromonadinen, Peridineen. In A.
Thienemann, Die Binnengewassar. Band 16 Teil 3. ix &
310 pp. Pls. 1—69, Figs. 1—300.

. 1955. Das Phytoplankton des Susswassers,
Systematik und Biologie., 4 Teil. Euglenophyceen. In
A. Thienemann, Die Binnengewasser. Band 16 Teil 4. ix &
586 pp. Pls. 1-114, Figs. 1-1140. Stuttgart.

Ingram, W. M. and Prescott, G. W. 1954. Toxic fresh water
algae. Amer. Mid. Nat. 52(1): 75-87.

Insam, J. and Krieger, W. 1936. Zur Verbreitung der Gattung

Cosmarium in Sudtirol. Hedwigia 76: 95-113, Pls. 1-6.

 

Irénée-Marie, Fr. 1939. Flora Desmidale de la region
Montreal. Laprarie, Canada. 547 pp.
Islam, A. K. M. Nural. 1963. A revision of the genus

Stigeoclonium. Beihefte zur Nova Hedwigia. Heft 10.

 

Cramer. Stuttgart.

Jackson, D. C. 1963. A taxonomic and limnological study of
the algae in Lake Lansing. M.S. Thesis, Michigan State
University, unpublished.

Krieger, W. 1937. Die Desmidiaceen in L. Rabenhorst,
Kryptogamen-Flora von Deutschland, Osterreich und der
Schweiz. 13, Abt. 1: 1-675, Pls. 1—96.

and Gerloff, J. 1962. Die Gattung Cosmarium.

Weinheim. 112 pp. Pls. 1-22.

139

. 1965. Die Gattung Cosmarium. Weinheim. pp. 113-240,

 

Pls. 23—42.

Nordesdt, C. F. O. 1896. Index Desmidiacearum. Lundae,
Berolini; 1908 supplement. Lundae, Berolini.

Odum, E. 1959. Fundamentals of ecology. Saunders,
Philadelphia. 546 pp.

Pascher, A. 1915. Die Susswasserflora Deutschlands,
Osterrichs und der Schweiz. Heft 5: Chlorophyceae 2,
250 pp. Figs. 1-369.

Pennak, R. W. 1953. Fresh-water invertebrates of the United
States. Ronald Press, New York. 769 pp.

Phillips, Ronald C. 1958. Floating communities of algae in
a North Carolina pond. Ecology 39(4): 765-766 (reprint).

. 1963. Ecology of floating algal communities in

Florida. Quar. J. Florida Acad. Sci. 26(4): 329-334
(reprint).

Pochmann, A. 1942. Synopsis der Gattung Phacus. Archiv f.
Protist. 95(2): 81-252. Jena.

Prescott, G. W. 1939. Some relationships of phytoplankton
to Limnology and Aquatic Biology. A.A.A.S. pub. #10.
pp. 65-78.

. 1959. Biological disturbances resulting from

algal populations in standing waters in The Ecology g:

 

Algae Special Publication No. 2 Pymatuning Laboratory

of Field Biology, University of Pittsburg. pp. 22-37.

140

. 1962. Algae of the western Great Lakes area.
Brown, Dubuque. 977 pp. Pls. 1-136.

. 1964. How to know the fresh water algae. Brown,
Dubuque. 272 pp. Figs. 1-487.

and Scott, A. M. 1945. Freshwater algae of
southern United States III. The desmid genus Euastrum,
with descriptions of some new varieties. Amer. Mid.
Nat. 34(1): 231-257.

Printz, H. 1964. Die Chaetophoralen der Binnengewaser.
Hydrobiologia 24(1-3): 1-376, Pls. 1-112.

Ralfs, J. 1848. The British Desmidieae. London. 236 pp.
35 Pls.

Ramanathan, K. R. 1964. Ulotrichales. Indian Council of
Agricultural Research, New Deli. 188 pp. Pls. 1-52.

Sampiao, J. 1944. Desmidias Portuguesas. Boletim da
Sociedade Broteriana. 18 pp. 5-478, Pls. 1-17.

Scott, A. M. and Prescott, G. W. 1952. The algal flora of
southeastern United States VI. Additions to our knowl-
edge of the desmid genus Euastrum 2. Hydrobiologia
4(4): 377-398.

Smith, G. M. 1916. A monograph of the algal genus

Scenedesmus, based on pure culture studies. Trans.

 

Wisc. Acad. Sci., Arts and Letters, 18(2): 422-539,

Pls. 25-33.

141

. 1920. Phytoplankton of the inland lakes of
Wisconsin, Part I. Wisc. Geol. and Nat. Hist. Surv.,
Bull. 57: 1-243, Pls. 1-51.

. 1924. Phytoplankton of the inland lakes of
Wisconsin, Part II. Wisc. Geol. and Nat. Hist. Surv.,
Bull. 57: 1-227, Pls. 52-88.

. 1950. Fresh water algae of the United States,
2nd Ed. McGraw-Hill, New York. 719 pp.

Stein, Janet R. 1963. Morphological variation of a

Tolypothrix in culture. Brit. Phycol. Bull. 2(4):

 

206-209.

Taft, C. E. 1945. Pectodictyon, a new genus in the family
Scenedesmaceae. Trans. Amer. Micros. Soc. 64(1): 25-28.

Tiffany, L. H. 1937. Oedogoniaceae. N. Amer. Flora, 11,
Part I. 102 pp. New York Bot. Gard.

Transeau, Edgar Nelson. 1951. The Zygnemataceae. Ohio State
University Press, Colombus, Ohio. 327 pp.

Uherkovich, G. 1966. Die Scenedesmus-Arten Ungarns.
Akademiai Kiado, Budapest. pp. 173, Pls. 1—20, Figs.
1-824.

Veatch, J. O. 1953. Soils and land of Michigan. The

.Michigan State University Press, East Lansing. 241 pp.

Wade, W. E. 1949. Some notes on the algal ecology of a
Michigan lake. Hydrobiologia 2(2): 109-117 (reprint).

. 1952. A study of the taxonomy and ecology of
Michigan desmids. Ph.D. thesis, Michigan State College,

unpublished.

142

Walton, L. B. 1915. A review of the described species of
the order Euglenoidina Bloch. Ohio State Univ. Bull.,

19 343-459, Pls. 12-26.

Weik, K. L. and Mohlenbrock, R. H. 1963. Notes on the algal
flora of Illinois. II. The genus Trachelomonas Ehrenberg
of the Pine Hills, Union County, Illinois. Trans. Amer.
Micros. Soc. 82(4): 381—390.

West, W. and West, G. S. 1904. A monograph of the British
desmidiaceae. Vol. I, London. 224 pp.

. 1905. A monograph of the British desmidiaceae.
Vol. II, London. 204 pp.

. 1908. A monograph of the British desmidiaceae.
Vol. III, London. 274 pp.

. 1912. A monograph of the British desmidiaceae.
Vol. IV, London. 191 pp.

and Carter, N. 1923. A monograph of the British
desmidiaceae. Vol. V, London. 300 pp.

Wood, R. D. 1967. Charophytes of North America, University

of Rhode Island Bookstore, Kingston. 72 pp.

lllllllllllllllllllllllll

93 03082 1932

“ll”

ll

 

llllllllllll