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1 H5515

This is to certify that the

thesis entitled

A CLASSIFICATION AND DESCRIPTION
..C‘F SOME

- COP-TIEEERCIAL FOLIAGE PLANTS

presented by

George S. Bunting, Jr.

has been accepted towards fulfillment
of the requirements for

 

4 M.S. degree in Horticulture

W Madam

 

Major professor

Date 14 November 1951

0-169

 

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A CLASSIFICATION AND DESCRIPTION
OF SOME
COMMERCIAL FOLIAGE PLANTS

by
George S. Bunting, Jr.

A THESIS

Submitted to the School of Graduate Studies
of Michigan State College of Agriculture and Applied Science
in partial fulfillment of the requirements
for the degree or

MASTER OF SCIENCE

Department of Horticulture

1951

fir-wens

 

 

AC KN OWL EDGLIEN T S

The author is deeply grateful to Dr. Donald P. Watson
for his invaluable assistance in the basic planning of this
project, his willing advice throughout its progress, and his
energies in procuring necessary materials and in the preparation
of the many photographs; and to Dr. William B. Drew for his
assistance with the botanical portions of the text. Sincere
gratitude is also expressed to Miss Gertrude Nygren, Department
of Home Economics, for her aid in staging numerous plant

specimens for photographing. and to Mr. Paul Andrews for his

instruction in use of the photographic equipment.

Deepest appreciation is extended to those many persons
who so graciously permitted the usage of their homes as settings
for the photographs: Mrs. Homer A. Barrett, Mrs. Frank M. Clark,
Miss Barbara Hamel, Mrs. John W. Hope, Miss Jeanette Lee,
Mrs. Roy B. Marshall, Mrs. Ray Nelson, Mrs. Frances Patch,
Mrs. Harold A. Price. Mr. Albert G. Redmond, and Miss Mary
Whitlock; also to the custodians of various campus buildings
used: Mr. James Gardner, West ShaW'Hall; mr. Michael J.
Dmochowski, Union Building; Mrs. Edna Muir, Gilcrest Hall;
and Dean Marie Dye, Home Management Houses.

Acknowledgment is also made to the following persons:
for aid in taking the photographs, to Mrs. Harold Davidson,
Mr. Cecil G. Hard, and Miss Annmoray'Pedlow; Dr. William M. Seaman,

"z » t3"“‘)
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who made sew

“SI r‘c;',d no

31-5‘115 O.“ 21-1

 

. s
u Ll .‘ "
“(u :11

who made several necessary translations from the Latin;
Mrs. Floyd M. Clum for aid in locating references; Mrs. Margaret
Wilgus.for her encouragement during the completion of this work.
ESpecial thanks is expressed to the A. . Randall Company,
Chicago, Illinois, who supplied some of the planters used in
the photographs; also to: The Kervan Company, for most of the
cut materials; Norman Kesel; West Side Greenhouses; Garfield
Park Conservatory; Louis Hahn and Son; Flowers of Hawaii, Ltd.;
Lansing Florists' Exchange; Mrs. George S. Bunting; and Atkins
Gardens and Research Laboratory (of Harvard University) from

which many of the plant materials were obtained.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Key to the Genera Included . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Alphabetical arrangement of species described
and photographed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Complete List of Sources of Plants . . . . . . . 245

References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245

INTRODUCTION

1 in homes, offices, and

The use of ”foliage plants”
public buildings has become more pepular in the past twenty-
five years. In the last decade, there has been an increase
in the use of plants because of their utility in design and
decor. Over three-hundred Species are available and with the
increase in number, great confusion of the commonly used names
has develOped.

The floricultural industry has always encountered
difficulty in adepting botanical nomenclature. Misnomers,
improper identification, and total lack of study of many
Species are unfortunate; the confusion in the literature is
as frequent as that in verbal usage. The generic namev
Syngonigm is not well known in the industry, plants of this
genus being offered for sale as flgphthytis or Epilodendron;
Scindapsus is known widely as Pothos, yet no Species of either
Nephthytis or Pothos appear to be in general cultivation today.
Species are no more accurately defined, a common example being
Ehilodendron ogycardium, Schott, from Puerto Rico. This plant
is commonly labelled Philodendron cordatum, which is an intro-
duction from Brazil. Differences in the two Species are
slight, but readily discernible.

‘

l'Foliage plants", a common term in the florists'
business, is usually applied to plants, the
vegetative parts of which are important for their
ornamental value.

 

 

 

 

m Varieties

“Warmly.
I15?- have the 4
The More
went been 1;.
There 15

8 CC:.

leaf “Math”

With improved transportation, a flower arrangement
containing ”Ti“ leaves (Cordyline terminalis var. 1;, Baker)
from Hawaii might be found combined with.flowers of Bird—of-
Paradise (Strelitzia Reginae)from Florida. Many new species
and varieties are being introduced and placed on the market
constantly. For many practical purposes the horticulturist
must have the prOper names at his diaposal.

The increased use of ‘foliage plants" has to a great
extent been influenced by contemporary building design.

There is a constantly increasing demand for ‘new" and unusual
leaf variations.

Consequently, an effort has been made to identify and
classify one-hundred Species of 'foliage plants". The treat-
ment has been.designed to be most practical for horticultural
consumption. It is therefore presented in the following manner:
1) a.key to the genera included, based on vegetative
characteristics alone, 2) a photograph of each Species
included, the specimen placed in an ornamental setting to
give some suggestion of its potential utility, and 3) the
pr0per name (alphabetically arranged), citation, and reference
'where each is described, illustrated, or both; its synonyms,
and.information concerning them; common names where known; a
botanical description of each (including, at least, all
‘vegetative characters necessary.for identification); a note on
the culture of each Species; suggested uses of each Species;
and wherever possible, at least one source where each Species

or variety may be purchased.

01

KEY TO THE GENERA INCLUDED

Bgseg on cultivated specigg

A. Leaves needle- or scale-like, not more than %” long.

 

B. Commonly with Spiral phyllotaxy, mostly epiphytic,
and growing in dry habitats, young leaves without

a ligule on the ventral surface near base.
Lyconodium

BB. Leaves commonly in decussate pairs, or in 4 long
rows, Or if Spiral, of drier habitats, but most
Species found in moist places, rarely epiphytic;
leaves with a ligule on ventral surface near base.
Selaginellg

BBB. Stems with sharp-pointed appendages at each node
(the true leaves), but with needle-like or leaf-

like cladodes growing from the axils of each;
twining vines or erect. Agparagug

AA. Leaves larger, at least not as above.

C. Leaves compound.

D. Leaves all basal, stem not apparent, or very
short, palm- or fern-like.

E. Leaf bases sheathing one another, the oldest
outermost, palm-like.

Pinnae usually more or less fascicled, or
else in many different planes, often
glaucous or floccose beneath, lower ones
mostly represented by strong or weak

Spines; vernation induplicate., Phoeni;
Pinnae long-pointed and hanging, with bifid
ends; vernation reduplicate. EoEeg

EE. Leaf bases not sheathing, fern-like.

Segments of fronds small, thin, cuneate,
rhomboid or trapesiform. Adiantum

Segments of fronds of a firm texture.

Fronds pinnatifid with obtuse sinuses
between segments, often completely pinnate

below; veins anastomosing to form areolae.
Phlebodium.

Fronds l-more pinnate, not as above.

Pinnae articulate at rachis, often fall-
ing. Nephgglehig

Pinnae not articulate at rachis.

Veins anastomosing, simple pinnate;
pinnae numerous. Cyrtomium

Veins free, not anastomosing; pinnae
few, often bifid or bipinnate. Pteris

DD. Leaves alternate or opposite, caudex ascending,
not fern- or palm-like.

Climbing vines

Climbing by tendrils, leaflets 5. Qissug
Climbing by aerial roots, leaflets 5-13, sap
Milky 0 § 2 fig onium
Erect

Leaves palmately compound, leaflets 6-11 or
more. ' Schefflerg

Leaves pinnately compound.

Leaves simple pinnate, leaflets 3-5,
fleshy. Kalanchoe

Leaves S-pinnate, 7-ll leaflets, not
fleshy. Qizygotheca

CC. Leaves simple
F. Leaves parallel-veined, margins entire or Spiny.

Green foliage represented by leaf-like cladodes
from the axils of the scale-like true leaves.

ASQaraggs

Foliage of a typical form, not represented by
cladodes accompanying scale-like leaves.

G. Margins Spiny or Spinulose, leaves more or
less linear or oblong.

Leaves all crowded at tips of triangular
stems (culms); plants cSSpitose.
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Leaves all basal in a rosette or fascicle,
or caudex very short (as cult.)

Midrib Spiny beneath; leaves angle-
channelled. pggpggggg,

Midrib not as above; leaves flat, or
essentially so.

Low and depressed herbs, stoloniferous,
but not exceeding 10". Cryptanthus

Larger than above, leaves l%'-3' long.

erdxliae
GG. Margins entire.
H. Leaves all basal, acaulescent herbs.

I. Leaves forming a dense rosette, or in
fascicles, not petiolate.

Leaves stiff, thick and fibrous, from
horizontal rhizomes. Sgnseviergg

Leaves thin, from a rhizome with
thickened white roots. ChlorOQQytum

II. Leaves stiff-petioled, singly from
thick, matted rhizomes. Aspidistra

HH. Leaves cauline, stems ascending or Spread-
ing, leaves vaginate or amplexicaule.

J. Creeping herbs.
Leaf sheaths hairy on tOp edge only.

Tradescantig
Leaf sheaths hairy on both top and
bottom. brin

JJ. Decidedly erect.
Leaves stiff, thick, and fibrous with-
in, terete or concave on face;
rhizomatous. Sanseviegia

Leaves thinner, more or less flat;
mostly non-rhizomatous.

Hardy, perennial, to 5'. Tradesgantig

.
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Woody, leaves mostly crowded at tips
of stem; to 8'; trOpical.

(Ovules 1-5 in each cell.) Dracaena
(Ovules many in each cell.)

Cordyline
FF. Leaves palmately veined
Herbs.
Acaulescent, leaves all basal. 'legg
Caulescent, leaves with 5 primary ribs. ,ggpgg
Woody Shrubs.
Petioles longer than leaf-blades. Abutilog
Petioles shorter than leaf blades. Hibiscus

FFF. Leaves pinnately veined.
K. Leaves opposite.
L. Leaf margins entire.
M. Leaves thick and fleshy.

Leaves sessile, or very short petiolate;
plants mostly erect, at least not

climbing. gagssula

Leaves petiolate.

Plant twining, or climbing by aerial
roots. Hoya

Stems decumbent, but not climbing.
- Peperomia

MM. Leaves not thick and fleshy.

N. Woody plants with leathery, persistent
leaves.

Trees to 90', with purple-brown bark and
resinous sap. Podocarpgs

Shrubs, without resinous sap.

Stem quadrangular, very leafy. Buxus

 

 

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Stems not as above, leaves fewer,
opposite or in whorls of 3. Kglmig

Low herbs, leaves not leathery.

Annual, leaves green, of two sizes,
largest not exceeding a- long. P ea

Leaves much larger, about 4' long, veins
and midrib red or white. Fittonia

Leaf margins various, not entire.

Low herbs, not exceeding 6‘I in height, erect
or decumbent.

Petioles much shorter than.leaf blades;
leaves pubescent or villous, variously
patterned. Episcia

Petioles nearly as long as blade; leaves
greenish-purple or purple. Hemigraphis

much larger, at least exceeding 1' in height.

Large woody shrub to 15'; leaves simple,
coarsely toothed above the middle. Agcuba

Herbs to subshrubs, sometimes woody at
base.

Stems square; leaves simple or lobed,
bright colored and variously patterned.

Colegg

Stems round.

Stems hollow; leaves fleshy, producing
young plants from the crenatures.
VKalanchoe

Stems not hollow; leaves variously
lobed or dissected; foliage often
strong-scented. Pelargonium

KK. Leaves not as above, alternate, or all basal.

P.

Q.

Leaves more or less all basal, or stem very

Short.

Petioles canaliculate and sheathing, at
least toward the base; margins entire.

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Leaves solid green, not variegated.
Spathiphyllgm

Leaves variously variegated.

Leaf bases sagittate, often peltate by
union of margins of basal lobes. Caladium

Leaf bases not as above, not sagittate.
Calathea

QQ. Petioles not as above, mostly not Sheathing.

Margins entire, leaves decidedly peltate.

. Peperomia
Margins mostly variously toothed and/or
lobed, leaves not peltate. Saxifraga

PP. Leaves alternate, caudex apparent, ascending,
Spreading, or climbing.

R. Plants erect, not becoming a vine.
S. Petioles sheathing.
T. Petioles geniculate near the t0p.

Petioles not long-sheathing, mostly
canaliculate in lower part only;
basal lobes generally elongated,
cordate, sagittate, or hastate;
plant erect, creeping, or climbing
by aerial roots. Anthurium

Petioles long-sheathing, canaliculate
in is or more of their length; leaf
bases not sagittate or hastate; no
aerial roots present.

(Ovary fully S-celled, inflorescence
mostly capitate or cone-like.)
Calathea

(Ovary l-celled by abortion; in-.
florescence branched.) Marggta

TT. Petioles not geniculate near tOp; leaf
bases not as above, mostly sub-cordate,
obtuse, or cuneate.

 

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Plants robust, stems thick, leaves
mostly oblong-ovate. Dieffenbachia

More slender than above, leaves mostly
oblong-lanceolate; (stems very short

in A. ppstatum.) Aglaonemg
ss. Petioles not sheathing.
Sap milky. Eiggg
Sap not milky.

Mostly herbaceous, or woody only at
base, somewhat succulent, nodes

swollen. ngonig
Woody shrubs or trees, nodes not
swollen.

U. Leaves variegated (or if green,
stipulate, in one sp. of Acalypha).

Leaves marked with white, eSpecially
along the margins, on a dark
green.ground, glossy, ex-stipulate.

Eittospoggg

Leaves, at least some of them,
pink, red, copper, or yellow
variegated, marginal or general.

Leaves stipulate, simple, hairy.
Acalypha

Leaves without stipules, entire,
scaIIOped, or S-lobed; gla-

brous. Qodiaeum
UU. Leaves solid green, not at all
variegated.

Evergreen tree to 80' or more,
leaves 5-8' long, glossy green
above, rusty-pubescent beneath

and on young stems. Mggnolia

Trees or shrubs, not as above.
Sap resinous. Podocarpug

Sap not resinous.

IO

V. Leaf margins mostly ciliate- or
bristly-serrate or serrulate,
or denticulate; if entire or
revolute, leaves deciduous or
plant creeping.

(Fruit a berry-like capsule,
bright colored, inclosed by
the fleshy calyx) Gaultheria

(Fruit a berry, not bright
colored, capped by the
persistent calyx.) Vaccinium

VV. Leaf margins mostly revolute,
undulate, crenate, or entire.

W. Margins various, not entire.

Margins mostly revolute or

undulate. Pittosyoggm
Margins mostly dentate,
crenate, or wavy. Agdigia

WW. Margins all entire.

Leaves evergreen, glabrous,
yellowish-green beneath,
acute at both ends; twigs
red or yellow, and slender.

Kalmia

Leaves not persistent, mostly
lepidote, hairy, or pubes-
cent, or with at least a
few hairs beneath; or if
evergreen, glabrous, and
acute, simply paler beneath,
not yellowish-green; and
twigs green, often stout.

Bhodgdendrgn

RR. Plant becoming a vine, at least not erect.
Y. Climbing by aerial roots or rootlets.

Z. Stout; leaf bases sheathing, petioles
canaliculate or channelled on face.

Stems striate. Scingapsus

Stems not striate.

I

L 0

ll'

Leaves pinnatifid and often
perforated with holes. Monsters

Leaves not pinnatifid.

 

Sap milky Syngonium
Sap not milky Philodendron
22. Not as above, much more Slender. Hedera

YY. Not climbing by aerial roots.

Twining vine. Senecio
Tendril-bearing. Cissus

Prostrate or reclining, not climbing.

Leaves very small, %" long, numerous
stems filamentous. Helxine

Leaves larger.
Leaf bases oblique-cordate Pellionia

Leaf bases cuneate or obtuse, not
oblique. Peperomia

12

 

 

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To:
71‘

T1.

VCI'O "~

ABUTILCN STRIATUM

 

 

 

Abutflon 5;
Var. §_

Family; Hal!
3W0!) name: I
Description:
‘hméhout:

“Qt-line, son.
irregular bu
long as the ‘
cOI‘the, tip
701mg Steins
”Wales a]
flower. 0&3
Men midve.‘
liberate. it]
Fibescellt b
“111m; er

Mensa.

0Q

13

W‘gtriatm ”Dickson in Bot. Reg. (1839) Misc. 39.
var. Wt Lynch. in Bailey Stand. Cycl. Hort. I (1947) 178.

Family: Malvaceae

Comon name: Variegated Flowering-Maple ’ _

Description: Erect shrub, the woody-stems whitish; pubescent
throughout: leageg alternate, palmately Szlobed, ovate in
outline, some distorted, oblique orotherwisehlight green, with
irregular but definite white border, middle lobe about twice as
long as the undivided part, somewhat narrowed at base, bases
cordate, tips of lobes acuninate, margins irregularly serrate;
young stems and'long petioles stellate pubescent; flowers solitary,
peduncles axillary. longer than petioles, articulate Just below
flower, calyx deeply 5-lobed, these long-acuminate and white with
green midvein, the united bases green, pubescent; petals 5,
obovate, imbricate, to 1" long, pale orange with reddish veins,
pubescent beneath; many stamens with filaments united into a
column around the pistil, anthers light gold-colored, column
exserted. Not stable, occasionally reverting to a solid green,
much more vigorous type. - Brazil.

Culture: Boil mixture - 5/8 rotted compost, 3/8 fibrous loam,
1/4 sand; constant supply of water; full sunlight; night
temperature above 60° F.; propagation by tip cuttings or by
seeds; seeds germinate easily, cuttings necessary to maintain

certain varieties; pinch young shoots to improve shape of plants;
Plants grow rapidly.

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USes: .lost satisfactory as a cut foliage, as shown, in a low
bowl; soft green and white colorations lend its use to paler
shades, eSpecially pinks, lavender, gray, and possibly yellows;
flowers not showy; leaves wilt easily - immerse in water for a
few hours before use, to lengthen keeping quality of foliage.
Sources: (var. Wpr Sp. W)

California Nursery 00.

North Street Greenhouses

G. w. Park Seed Co. (seed)

Vaughn's Seed Store (seed)

 

16

Acglyphg WHMuell Arg. in DC. 1 Prodr. Syst. Nat.
xvii (1862) 817.

var. W, Hort. in Bailey Stand. Cycl. Hort. I (1947) 191.

. A. Whfiort. ex Seem. in F1. Vit. 225.
Family: Euphorbiaceae
Common name: Copper Leaf
Description: Shrub to 15': leaves cordate to obovate to
elliptic, to 7' long, of variable color, green with ceppery
colored midrib and veins and a narrow white margin men young,
to deep cepper with dark rose margins in age, bases cuneate,
tips of elliptic and/or obovate ones acuminate, hirsute above,
glabrous beneath, margins irregularly serrate, the marginal
color only slightly exceeding the length of the teeth; petioles
long, reddish, and villous: flowers occasionally, these not
ornamental. - South Pacific Islands.
Culture: Soil mixture - 6/8 rich soil, 1/8 course sand, 1/8
rotted compost; high moisture supply and high humidity desirable;
full sunlight; night temperature above 60° F.; prepagated from
nature stem cuttings; growth rapid; pinch to insure branching.
Uses: Limited even as a cut foliage; less desirable as a pot
plant; cut foliage should be placed in deep water for a few
hours after cutting to delay wilting after arranged; copper-
colored leaves good against light colored background; foliage
most effectively used alone, unless flowers blend with it
unusually well; few plants necessary for good supply of cut
material.
Sources: Sp. Wm

Royal Palm Nurseries

Shaffer Nurseries
var. obovatg not listed.

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ADIANTUM CUNEATUM var. CROW¢ANUM

18

Ag igntum _W, .Langsd. a Fisch. in Bailey Stand. Cycl.
Hort I. (1947) 220.

var. o __Hort..ex Benedict in Bailey Man. Cult.
Pl. ($94M; 82m. '

A- W....Horto ex Crows
Family: Polypodiaceae
Common name: Maidenhair Fern
Description: Dainty fern, the many graceful fronds to 18" or
more. with stiff, slender black stipes; blades oblong-ovate to
triangular in outline. to 12" across, 3-4 pinnate. the pinnules
cu‘neate-rhomboid. simple to 3 or more lobed. these unequal. thin,
bright green but not shining. on‘thread-like stalks: 2-6 reniform
or orbicular indusia on tips of lobes beneath. Variety W

is largest, most vigorous hardy form, with best lasting qualities. ‘

Brazil.

Culture: Soil 1/2 loam and 1/2 leaf mold or peat moss; constant
soil moisture. moderately humid atmosphere; partial shade:
temperatures above 60°-65° F.; propagation in quantity best
from spores. division very satisfactory; poor growth or scale
attacks corrected by drying-off in temperatures of 45° to 55° F.
for a month. then cut off dead tops and begin growth again.
’Uses: Host ornamental and artistic of the ferns; cut foliage
of var. Wdesirable for arrangements, lasts longest,

and is largest; dainty dull but bright green pinnules give
almost ephemeral effect when arranged in a Cambridge glass globe
as shown. and Judiciously placed; remains in good condition

for 24 hours; out fronds of the species collapse after 12 hours

under house conditions; keep cut material wrapped in wet newspaper

 

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19

until ready to arrange; spraying with wax emulsions will
improve keeping qualities.

Sources: (var. W)

Kervan Co.

(spo W)

J. F. Anderson (Wholesale only)
Royal Palm Nurseries

Shaffer Nurseries

BO

 

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A

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3 .~w—,-1_.

F. A. f
.d-i’n C‘ITv

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h'JL: f.

WW," Schott in Syn. Aroid. (1856) 125.
A. Wren W, Hook. in Bot. Mag. t. 5500.

5. w, Hort. (not Blume)
Family: Araceae '

Common Name: Variegated Chinese Evergreen

Description: Erect. to 20", retaining lower leaves, often
branched: leaves oblong'to narrowly ovate. glabrous, shining,
and green, but somewhat lighter than A. ML irregularly
blotched pale green along the 3-5 primary lateral veins and
along the prominent mibrib at the apex. leaf tips acuminate,
the point reflexed. bases obtuse to slightly cordate, margins
entire, slightly undulating; petioles slightly shorter than the
blade. canaliculate almost to the Junction with the blade;
flowering freely; spathe greenish white. to 3" long, straight.
open above; monoecious; spadix Just slightly shorter. on peduncle
to 3" long, stipitate; spathe withering in age, exposing the
lower fertile portion of the spadix with its red to purple
berries. ~ Malaya. .
Culture: Soil should be wet and high in organic matter; low
humidity is not detrimental. but the plant grows well with a
high supply of water; reduced light intensity desirable;
temperatures above 65° F. at night; terminal stem cuttings can
be rooted easily; stem sections are satisfactory.

Uses: Not as popular as Chinese Evergreen. but equally as
desirable, especially for red berries, produced more freely;

variegated foliage useful for different situations and effects

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22

than the green Species; basal branching habitgives fuller
plant; as illustrated on table.
Sources: Robert Craig & Co.

Glen St. Mary Nursery

Julius Roehrs

Roy F. Wilcox

 

23

 

ONEMA MODESTUM

AGL 11'

24

W..W:....$¢hott. in Syn. Aroid. (1856) 122.
Family: Araceae

Common names: Chinese Evergreen, Chinese Water Evergreen,
China-green.

(Note: Known as A- simpleg‘in the trade, but this species,
citation Blume, is not common, being a native of Java, varying
markedly in inflorescence characters from the Chinese Evergreen.)
Description: Erect, stem stout: leaves ovate, about 6' long,
tips acuminate, reflexed at the end, bases ebtuse, dark green
throughout, margins entire, undulating; canes with prominent
nodes~a/4” apart near base, caused by abscission of lower leaves;
axillary buds not exposed, forming a small blister on stem Just
above each node; petioles about two-thirds as long as blade,
canaliculate in the proximal half, bases sheathing the stem:
flowering freely; spathe green, to 3' long, tip acuminate, cpen
above, exposing the white spadix, which is somewhat shorter, to
2' long, stipitate, on axillary peduncles nearly as long as the
spathe; lowermost part of spadix bearing the female flowers,
which develop into red or yellow berries, becoming exposed as
the spathe withers in age. - Philippines Islands; Malaya; Dutch
East Indies.

Culture: Grows well continually in water and wet soil, 5/4 soil,
1/8 sand, l/4 peat moss; low humidity not detrimental; tolerates
intense shade; above 60° to 65° F. temperature; propagation by
terminal stem.cuttings, rooted in water, or by stem.sections
(each with one bud) laid horizontally in sand; tends to become

“leggy” in age - break off tip and root.

O

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Uses: Anywhere a green plant is desired in very low light;
excellent alone or in combination planters for upright form;
used for its simplicity, as in illustration.
Sources: John's (wholesale only)

Clarke '3 Aquarium

(listed as A. aimplgz, probably the same)

Royal Palm Nurseries

Roy F. Wilcox

26

2524mm924 HDHmDmHZ¢

 

 

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27

Anthurium,gngg§§ngm, Linden, in Illus. Hort. 45 (1877) t. 271.
Family: Araceae f

Common name: Flamingo Flower.

Description: Erect; stem Short and slender; terminal bud
sheaths persistent at each node, brown in age; short stout
aerial roots produced at each node: leaves ovate to ovate-
cordate, to 2 feet long. thick, and leathery, green and shining,
basal lobes very large and expanded, with a sinus between, tips
acuminate-cuspidate, midrib and 7 pairs of primary lateral

veins prominent; petioles long and slender, about 1% times
longer than blade, bent abruptly at Junction with blade, terete,
except at base, becoming wide and sheathing the stem at the node;
young leaves copper with green veins. lustrous shining: flower-
ing freely, the pedulcles axillary, long and slender, the flowers
rising above the leaves; apathe pink-red, to 5' long, cordate

at base, nearly orbicular, tip cuspidate, expanded entirely
and.flat, the white spadix sessile, perpendicular to the Spathe,
about the same length; all flowers hermaphroditic: Spathe with
prominent parallel veins, eSpecially beneath; margins entire;
somewhat paler beneath and very shingy. - Colombia.

Culture: 8011 l/3 chopped sphagnum, 1/3 chopped osmunda fibre,
JL/G rotted manure and 1/6 sand; humid atmosphere; shaded
location; temperature above 55° F.; prOpagated by removing and
rootingsuc'kers, or seed, or cuttings of the rhizomes; keep
crowns low, if high above rooting medium, cut off t0p and root

in.sand, or add medium up around the stem.

28

Uses: Not recommended as house plants; desirable as a cut
foliage; large glossy green leaves most useful to add size
to a banquet, blended with large flowers, eSpecially those
of the Aptgpgigm; makes a handsome arrangement of large size;
combines well with contemporary decor, as shown; adds a bright
spot in a drab corner; supplements a party mood.
Sources: (many varieties,‘based on flower color)

Julius Roehrs

Oakhurst Gardens

 

 

ARDIS I A ORE-N AT A

50

w,mm51ms. in Bot. Mag. ’0. 1950.
A. Wulmdd. in Bailey Stand. Cycl. Hort. I. (1947). 387.

Family: Wrsinaceae
Common name: Ardisia
Description: Evergreen shrub, to 6': leaves alternate,
elliptic, to 8" long, acute, bases cuneate, margins crenate-
crisped, glabrous, rather thin, green and shining above, pale
green and raised-punctate below; on short petioles (3/8”):
leaves crowded at endof stems: freely branching: inflorescence
terminal in late summer; producing small bunches of attractive
red fruit. - China.
Culture: Soil «- 1/5 loam, 1/5 pest, and 1/3 sand; moderate
moisture; partial shade; night temperature above 65° F.; root
stem cuttings in sand, with high humidity, to obtain small bushy
plants; seed may be used, but give tall, unbranched plants.
Uses: Best in small sizes; excellent house plant; simple,
blending well into period settings; flowers produce attractive
red fruit in autumn.
Sources: Florida Nursery and Landscape Co.

Glen St. nary Nursery

John's (wholesale only)

Royal Palm Nurseries

Julius Roehrs

Robert Craig 8c'Co.

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W gnarggoigeshflflght. in Century Dict. xi. (1909) 845.

var. m:tifo;iua,_mfiort. in Bailey Stand. Cycl. Hort. I.
‘ (1947) 409.

nedgolaagmgggiggg," L. (Goebel in) Organagr. Pfl. ed. 2,
i. (1913) 2'75.

WWFHM- in Bot. Mag. xcii. (1866)
t. 5584.

W‘W, Thunb. in Bailey Cycl. Amer. Hort.
- (1900) 106.

Family: Liliaceae

Common name: Florists' Smilax; Baby Smilax; String Smilax
Description: Much-branched delicate, twining. vine, to great
lengths, from tuberous roots: cladodes (the seeming leaves)
alternate, ovate, l' or less long, in the exile of the small
leaf scales, tips pointed, bright green and shining, many
veined, glabrous: flowers 1 or 2 in exile of lead scales,

on slender pedicels, greenish-white, :iS/S'I long. - So. Afr.
Culture: Soil mixture -,l/2 soil, 1/4 leaves, 1/4 sand; high
moisture and humidity; growth under reduced light conditions;
night temperature 60° F.; propagated by division or cutting;
grown on a string, the several stems climbing about one another.
Uses: Desirable only in the cut form; chains of greenery
achieved by its use; formal in effect, superb for serving table
at‘wedding receptions, or on formal banquet tables draped
along the edge; equally effective over archways; picture
suggested as more casual usage.

Sources: Kervan Co.

Vilmorin-Andrieux 6: Co.

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34

Aspidistgg elatiog. Blume in Hoev. & DeVries, Tinschr. i.
(1834) 76. t. 4.
var.‘1§£;§g§_§; Hort. in Bailey Stand. Cycl. Hort. I-(l9l4) 415.

A. wwfiegel. in Flora, miii. (1850) 354.

A. M29. Hort. not Ker.
Family: Liliaceae
Common name: Bar-Room.Plant; Cast-Iron Plant
Description: Stemless, leaves all basal. from thick rhizomes:
leaves narrowly elliptic. to 2' long and 5' wide. very oblique.
acute, bases cuneate, narrowed to a stiff, wiry petiole, which
is sheathed by l-several foliaceous bract-like processes, to
5' long, these variegated, tip S-notched. drying in age, and
persistent; leaf blade variously irregularly striped with broad
and narrow bands of white. pale green. and dark green. parallel
to the prominent veins. glabrous: flowers in the Spring. most
obscure, at soil level, dark reddishobrown, bell-shaped, about
1' in diameter. - Japan.
Culture: Soil 1/4 sand. 3/4 loam. no.fertilizer, unless soil
is low in nutrients the variegation will be lost; moderate soil
moisture; good indirect light for the best growth. tolerates
intense shade; new plant by division in Spring.
uses: As tolerable of adverse conditions as a plant can be;
plants may be used widely for this reason; cut leaves last well;
good with some flowers in bouquets, etc.; only the variegated
form is recommended.

Sources: Royal Palm Nurseries
Julius Roehrs
Roy F. Wilcox
Glen St. Mary Nursery

 

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55

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56

mwrhunbo in Now Gen- 61-
var. variegata, D'Ombrian (not Hegel) in Bot. Mag. t.1197.
var. maculatg, Hegel.
var. picta, Hort.

var. mm. Hort.
Family: Cornaceae

Common name: Gold-Dust Tree

Description: Evergreen shrub to 15', stems stout, and green:
leaves Opposite. elliptic-lanceolate to oblong-elliptic, to

9' long, coarsely serrate in apical half. bases obtuse to
cuneate, apex acute. blunt, glabrous, dark green and shining.
with small cream-colored spots all over the blade above, pale
beneath; petioles to 2' long, purplish above; freely branching:
flowers in terminal panicles. small. purple, unisexual, fruits
wine. oblong, in dense bunches under the leaves. - Himalayas
to Japan.

Culture: Any good porous soil with good drainage, preferably
sandy loam; moderate soil moisture; partial shade; in winter.
may reduce water and.give cool temperature; frost hardy;
propagation.by terminal shoot cuttings, root easily in water
in approximately two months or in sand.

USes: Because of the yellow dots. caution must be exercised
in use as a pot plant; oriental in effect, and good against a
red drape as pictured. or other settings equally as good; large
sizes good as tub Specimens on floor; cut material works into

certain arrangements, and in water, will last indefinitely.

 

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Sources:

57

Bonnell's Nursery

California Nursery Co.

Fruitland Nurseries

Blackwell Nurs., Inc. (wholesale only)
Julius Roehrs

Roy F. Wilcox

38

4848 Join...

and.” ...... «Hzoomm

 

 

 

59

Begonia aggenteo-ggttata, gemgine,)in8§ailey Stand. Cycl. Hort.
. 1947 4 .

Family: Begoniaceae
Common.name: Angel-Wing Begonia
Description: Erect. shrubby plant, somewhat woody at base, to
4', freely branching. with swollen nodes; roots fibrous:
leaves alternate, ovate, to 5%” or more long and 2%" wide, very
oblique, acute, bases subcordate. margins very coarsely serrate,
angle-notched. crenulate-crinkled between each notch. upper
surface dark olive green, profusely silver Spotted. from.the
center of each Spot arising a glandular hair; red beneath;
new leaves copper-red above. red below; axillary buds prominent,
breaking freely: flowers occasionally. the pendulent axillary
inflorescences short peduncled. flowers unisexual, white or
pinkish. - Reputedly the issue of E. 21.221.13.121 and B. 21122.33 cult.
Culture: Any good porous soil. moderate moisture; strong
indirect light or partial sun; temperature above 60° F.;
prOpagated by stem.cuttings, root quickly in sand.
'Uses: In a suitable position.for growth. its silver-dotted
angel-wing-shaped leaves are the point of interest, and seems
to fit into any decorum, as a small table plant.
Sources: Garrepy Greenhouses

Hav'alook Gardens

Mrs. William Nisbet

Julius Roehrs

Shaffer Nurseries

4O

HHZHAmEma

.>.£ <U¢quzoqumm

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Begmig fir?)
h.v. ;

B0 *5" 1".

V'M‘W‘.
“...‘

(ASport of

41

Beggpighphyllgmanigggy Mart. in Ann. Sc. Nat. Ser. III.
xix. (1855) 566.
he V0 temp; 111;;
B. templinii, Hort.

(A sport of B. phyllomaniacg, Mart. or B. Jessi , Hort.
originated 19015.

Family: Begoniaceae

Common name: Snow Spot Begonia (suggested)

Description: Fibrous-rooted, much-branched, monoecious herb
to 6' with rather stout, fleshy stems, the Joints swollen:
leaves alternate, ovate-cordate, to 8' long, very oblique,
basal lobes overlapping, very shallowly lobed, margins dentate,
the space between the teeth denticulate-ciliate, mottled white,
yellow, green, yellow-green, and pink, with some large zones
of a single color, some leaves entirely green, all leaves
having a reddish cast around margin, red-hairy along veins
below, and on petioles, the latter to 4' long; stipules
,present, drying and persistent; producing adventitious plant-
lets on the blade: flowering occasionally, in.large pendulous
clusters, rose-pink. - Brazil.

Culture: Good rich porous soil; moderate moisture; north or
east windows, not direct sunlight; temperature above 509 F.

at night; propagation by placing leaf blade on sand, the

;young plants root easily, leaf may be cut into sections, each
containing a part of the leaf blade base, each section will

grow a new plant.

 

 

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Uses: Of coarser texture than the preceding, and brighter
variegation, may be used in.situations for highlight; fits
well into contemporary settings; or as shown.

Sources: Garrepy Greenhouses

45

   

Jigs
(-‘st...

BUXUS biICiiOl-VYLLA var. JAPLJNICA

44

Bugug,migrgpgy;;§, Sieb. & Zucc. in Abh. Akad. Muench. iv. II.
(1846) 142.
Jgponica, Rehd. & Wils. in Bailey Man. Cult. P1.
(1949) 625.

”Japo cg, Muell. Arg. in DC. Prod. Syst. Nat. xvi. I.
(1867) 20.

Family: Buxaceae
Common name: Japanese Boxwood
Description: Evergreen, much branched shrub to 6', with four-
angled, slightly winged stems: lvs. Opposite, obovate or rarely
orbicular, to 1' long, retuse, bases long cuneate, margins
entire, leathery, green and shining above; petioles very short:
flowers in small axillary clusters in early spring, unisexual,
inconspicuous. - Japan.
Culture: Any well drained soil; moderate moisture; partial
shade; new plants from mature stem cuttings in autumn; frost
hardy; slow growing.
USes: As a pot plant, good in situations of limited.space,
as on the desk in photograph; small, dark green leaves are
always attractive; good in.combination.planters.
Sources: Armstrong Nurseries

Eastern Shore Nurseries, Inc.

Kingsville Nursery

California Nursery Co.

Fruitland Nurseries

Glen St. Mary Nursery

Semmes Nurseries (wholesale only)

Blackwell Nurs., Inc. (wholesale only)

Tingle Nursery Co.
Roy F. Wilcox

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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45

 

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leggi Q Qicolog, Vent. in Kunth Enum. Plant. III. (1850) 42.

Family: Araceae

Common name: Fancy-Leaved Caladium

Description: Acaulescent perennial herb, with long petiolate,

brightly colored leaves: leaf blades sagittate-ovate to ovate- ’

.hc 5'

rotund, to 12' or more long, the basal lobes with margins adnate

about % their length, then separated by a narrow sinus, margins

 

entire, variously colored, splotched, patterned, etc., above a
with purple, rose, red, pinks, and white, of delicate texture, ‘
often thin.and transluscent, glabrous, slightly glaucous beneath;
petioles attached peltately, 2-3 times the length of blade,

terete except at base, then canaliculate in lower 2-5", and

sheathing the newer leaves, glaucous toward the tOp: flowers

solitary on.purple stipes to 6” tall; spathe about 3%“ long,

cpen in upper two-thirds, lower one-third inflated, a constriction
between, green.and glaucous without, tip cuspidate and white,
whitish-green within, the throat purplish; spadix white, shorter

than Spathe; flowers unisexual, separate, female few at base

of spadix. - West Indies to Brazil. .
Culture: Start tubers in March, in chopped moss, at 75 to 85° F.;
carefully orient tubers when planting; after roots develop pot
in.small pots in a mixture of leaf mold and a little sand; shift

to larger pots, use soil mdxture with some organic matter in

bone meal; shade from direct sunlight; grow at temperatures

above 60° F. moderate water supply; use liquid manure frequently

47

humid atmosphere preferred; in fall when.leaves collapse,
with hold water gradually; lay pots on side and remove tubers
for storing in sand, not too wet or dry, above 60° F.; start
again in March; prepagation by division of tubers; dust cut
surfaces with.charcoal to prevent rot.
USes: Excellent variegated.foliage; very ornamental; planted
several varieties in one pot; use with simple accessories;
allow leaf coloration to make highlight; good for bedding
out-of-doors in summer; out leaves work into many arrangements
very nicely.
Sources: Flowerfield Bulb Farm

Wyndham Hayward

Cecil E. Hondyshel

Julius Roehrs

Royal Palm Nurseries

Oakhurst Gardens

4.312 ‘13‘ -..

48

«‘5‘sz lemmaiqdwo

,. lnu. .1. . .. ..
.x. . t . . . I'CIAL.
. ,h§| 4JOVR|LOMI :
. ..‘... 3..., I.

 

 

49

W m, Koern. in Regel, Gartenfl. (1858) 87.

Family: Marantaceae

Common name: Pencil Marked Calathea (suggested)

Description: Acaulescent herb: leaves all basal, to 15' or
more; petioles purple, expanded, canaliculate in lower half
and sheathing the inner, subsequent leaves; blade to 8' or
more long, lance-ovate to lance-elliptic, oblique, acute,
margins entire, glabrous and shining and rich dark green above,
midrib prominent, area between pinnate primary lateral veins
with 2 parallel white lines, not extending to the margin or
midrib, (lines pink in leaves of Juvenile plants), reddish -
purple beneath, blade erect or reflexed at thickened terminal
portion of petiole: not observed to flower as a pot plant. -
Amer. Trapics. ‘

Culture: Soil 1/3 fibrous loam, 1/3 leaf mold and 1/5 sand;
excellent drainage necessary; high soil moisture; high
humidity; reduced light intensity; temperature not below 65° F.,
day temperature not above 95° F.; propagated by division of
crowns, or cuttings if stems are developed, tubers if produced;
renovate each spring.

‘USes: Variegated leaves notable addition to decor; small
plants good in combination planters; larger cut leaves work
into arrangements; single larger plants good with period
furnishings as shown.

Sources: Julius Roehrs.

.._.—

 

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-1 r..",.“.- 77,. nffi'v/hh
CtH4Cviv .I0' 0; .1. Ha): Vt}: -l‘tfa‘d

(variegated form)

12...:

51

Chlorophytgmgapensg,unntze in Rev. Gen. iii. II. 516.

Aspgogglgs gggensis‘LL. in Syst. Ed. 10. 982.
‘9..§lg§gg, R. Br. in.Kunth Enum. Plant. IV. (1848) 604.

Anthericummelgtgg, Ait. in.Kew. i. 448.
Family: Liliaceae
Common.name: Spider Plant.
Description: Perennial herb, to 2' or more, from.a rhizome
with thick white roots: leaves many, radical, linear, to
15' long and l' or more across, often narrowed into a petiole-
like base, and troughed, long-pointed at apex, glabrous, green
(or with a white strip down center of leaves next to the midrib):
branching occasionally from the base: scape reclining, to 2'
long, with reduced leaves, single or in clusters, often becoming
stoloniferous, and bearing offsets, sometimes branched; flowers
in cpen racemes, 2-5 flowers/fascicle at each node; perianth
6, 5/8“ long, diameter 5/4“; stamens 6, exserted, anthers golden,
introrse; pistil 5-celled, acutely Scangled, superior, perianth
persistent, 2-3 ovules/cell, axil placentae, pedicils Jointed. -
So. Afr.
Culture: Any good rich soil; high moisture supply; reduce
light intensity; 65° F. night temperature; propagated by
ntural offsets, division, and seeds.
Uses: Excellent pot plant for home; variegated form (shown)
best; singly or in combination; good on the coffee table or

other small Spot where a low plant is desired.

ILJT

Sources 2

52

Julius Roehrs

Roy F. Wilcox
Oakhurst Gardens
Rex D. Pearce (seed)

F. I. Carter & Sons

53

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

"TARCTICA

CISSUS

 

gigggnggtgrgtiga, Vent. in DC. Prod. Syst. Nat. I (1824) 629.
mg Wpaenth. in F1. Austral. 1. 447.)

Family: Vitaceae

Common name: Kangaroo Vine

Description: As generally seen, a small woody vine, climbing

by tendrils, though becoming an erect shrub with climbing

branches: leaves ovate, to 6" long and 4' wide, short acuminate,

bases subcordate, margins coarsely serrate-dentate, 6 pairs

primary lateral veins, each ending at center of a large tooth,

a smaller tooth between each; young leaves and stems densely

tawny villous, older leaves medium green and almost glabrous;

petioles and stems rich brown, retaining their tawny pubescence;

.not freely branching: apparently not flowering as a pot subject.

- Australia.

Culture: Any good soil; moderate soil moisture; reduce light

intensity; temperature above 55° F.; moderate nutrient supply;

prepagation by stem cuttings, andseed, if available.

flees: On top of bookcases and similar areas where vining stems

may have plenty of room; on the mantle when.fireplace not being

used, as shown; mediumssized green leaves handsome, an excellent

addition; probably better in rather large sizes in large areas,

due to coarse texture; grows rapidly, can‘become ungainly.

Sources: Julius Roehrs

Roy F. Wilcox

 

55

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56

Cissus rhombifolia, Vahl. in DC. Prod. Syst. Nat. I. (1824) 631.
‘li§;§_£hombifoli§, Baker in Hart. Fl. Bras. xiv. ll. 20?.

Family: Vitaceae
Common name: Grape Ivy
Description: Evergreen climbing vine, by tendrils; much
branched, new stems densely tawny-villous: leaves alternate,
compound; leaflets 5, short stalked. rhomboid, the 2 lateral
ones oblique and rhombic-ovate, loosely tawny villous, green
and shining above, densely villous beneath, the older leaves
often very dark green, and all but glabrous above; becoming
woody in age: not flowing in cultivation, apparently. -
No. South Amer.
Culture: Good rich soil; moderate moisture supply; diffused
light; temperature above 60° F.; propagated by stem cuttings.
Uses: Of finer texture and darker green color than Cissus
antartica; excellent in.the shaded window; on coffee table
(in small sizes); in combination planter to add low form.
Sources: Royal Palm Nurseries

Roy F. Wilcox

Julius Roehrs (var. W)

 

"

 

57

 

"
U108

C I 7:7qu 7 - -
ODIhuUm VARIEGnTJM var.PIC

W zgiegatfl..__Blume in Binr. 606.
var. mmlluell. Arg. in Bot. Mag. t. 5051.

WCodiaeygLLour. in F1. Cochinch. (1790) 575.
m.m.16dd. in Bot. Caf. ix. (1824) t. 870.

Q. thaill. in Addisonia i. (l860-6l) 251.

g. zariggagggL L. in Illus. Hort. xxxviii. (1891) t. 140.

‘

Family: Euphorbiaceae

Common name: Croton; Variegated Laurel
Description: Small tree, or shrub with a single, or few, V
stems, to 6': leaves alternate, ovate-lanceolate to linear,

entire or 5-lobed, thick and leathery, glabrous, midrib

prominent, pinnate veination, primary lateral veins more or

less perpendicular to midrib; variously mottled, spotted, or

striped with red, pink, yellow, and white, margins entire

variously scalloped, cleft, or lobed, often undulate. entire,

leaves of some forms spiralled; petiolate: flowering at times,

these monoecious, on axillary elongate racemes to 10" long;

not ornamental. - Malaya.

Culture: Any good soil mixture; moderate constant soil

moisture; moist atmosphere by frequent syringing; full sunlight,

for good bright color, but if too strong, leaves may be injured;

prOpagation by aerial layers, cuttings with bottom heat, or seed.

Uses: Prized for bright-colored leaves, use where color is

needed, if cultural requirements are satisfied; may be grown

by window, and moved to desired location when entertaining;

grow in window as shown; large plants good as floor specimens,

59

as a small tree. Cut leaves superb in arrangements for added
color; blends well with autumnal tones.
Sources: Julius Roehrs

Royal Palm Nurseries

Roy F. Wilcox

W ‘3‘ fig

 

60

 

 

 

COLEUS BLUMEI var. VERSCHAFFBLTII

61

Colegsglgmgih Benth. in Lab. Gen. Et Sp. 56.
var. Vgéschgffgltii, Lem.,in Illustrt Hort. viii. (1861) t.298

Family: Labiatae
Common name: Coleus
Description: Tender perennial, much branched herb or subshrub,
with square stems, very vigorous, to 3': leaves Opposite, ovate,
acute, bases truncate, margins with very large, irregular,
deeply crenate-criSped teeth, a sinus between each; variously
patterned with brilliant colors, pink rose, fuchsia, deep red,
purple, yellow, white, and green; stems mostly pale green or
purple; petiolate: inflorescence terminal, verticillate, often
branched near the base; flowers small, blue, bilabiate, not
showy. - Java.
Culture: Any good soil; constant moisture; sunlight for best
color; temperature above 60° F.; prOpagation by stem cuttings
(for varieties) or seed; pinch for well branched plants.
Uses: Inside home, in window, or as a table specimen for a
‘bright spot of color. Outside in summer, in the window box
or other planter, or for bedding. Should be replaced often if
grown inside; flower stem should be removed. Many colors for
selection for definite color schemes.
Sources: Somerset Rose Nursery (wholesale)

State Nursery & Seed Co. 4

George W. Park Seed Co. (seed)

Thompson and Morgan (seed)

 

62

 

CCRDYLINE AUSTRALIS

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Cordyline australis," Hook. f., in Gard. Chron. (1860) 792.

W austrglis," Forst. in Journ. Hort. xlix. (1875) 163.

D. W, Hort. e‘x Forst. in Journ. Hort. xlix. (1875)
8; Ser. III. (1901) 486.

Family: Agavaceae
Common name: Dracena (not true Dracena)
Description: As generally seen, leaves [more or less all basal,
or crowded on a very short caudex: leaves to 8' or more long,
narrowly sword-shaped, less than 1" wide, narrowed Just above
the base, then channelled and bases sheathing, contiguous, tips
acuminate, margins revolute, and very finely serrulate-spiny,
flat, green and shining, veins parallel, midrib prominent,
reddish toward the base, especially beneath in some forms; in
age, becoming a tree to 40', branching, the leaves all crowded
at the end of the branches; and flowering. - New Zealand.
Culture: Soil-3/4 sandy loam and 1/4 peat; moderate moisture;
moderate intensity indirect light; minimum temperature 66° F.;
propagation by divisionof crowns, suckers, or seed.
Uses: Indoors in large combination planters, or singly, as a
low floor specimen where plenty of Space; outside in window
boxes or urns, as accent plants by merit of their height. Not
really attractive.
Sources: (seed only)

Herbst Bros., Inc. (wholesale only)

Rex D. Pearce '

F. W. Schumaker

Thompson at Morgan

. (Lang... 1:.

+

 

64

 

mdeumm

 

.hm> MHA¢2HEmQH MZHAHQEOU

 

 

 

 

Qgrgy1;_§, terminalig, Kunth in Abh. Acad. Berl. (1820) 50.
var. rgginae, Hort. in Bailey Stand. Cycl. Hort. I.
(1947) 843.

Agpargggghterminali§,wL. in Sp. P1. ed. 2. 450.

Q_. gust ralis , Nadeaud & Jouan in Mem. Soc. Sc. Nat. Cherb.
xi. (1865) 127.

Qracaenatgggqinalis,~ Reichard in Garden xix. (1881) 126. r.
Family: Agavaceae ‘
Common name: Dracena; Dracena Palm (not true Dracena)

Description: Erect, to 8', becoming woody, stems usually one,

 

or somewhat branched below: leaves crowded at tip of stem,
lance-elliptic to lance-ovate, to long-oblong to narrowly
oblanceolate, l-Zé' long and to 2‘5” wide, many-viened, more

or less parallel off the prominent midvein, tip aristate, bases
cuneate, the petioles claSping and contiguous, leaves green,
variously colored, striped, suffused and/or Spotted, often
with metallic hues, and some.forms with no green.color apparent;
glaucous: flowers terminal in cpen panicle to 1' long;
perianth about %' long. - Trap. Asia, Australia.‘

Culture: Light porous soil; moderate to high moisture supply;
diffused light; minimum temperature 65° F.; propagation by
sections of stem laid in sand, new shoot produced.

Uses: Plants desirable as floor specimens, to lend color, and
.for height in other locations. Cut foliage excellent in unique

arrangements, for color and height; beautiful even alone, as

illustrated.
Sources: (plants) (cut foliage)
Julius Roehrs Kervan Co.

Royal Palm Nurseries Flowers of Hawaii, Ltd.

 

[I

66

 

wzmommmommia 4.8mmde

 

67

WWLWHM. in Sp. Pl. 1. 1554.

Family: Crassulaceae
Common name: Jade-Plant
Description: eMuch branched shrub, to 10', stems stout:
leaves opposite, obovate to elliptic-obovate, to 2' or more
long, and to 1%” or more wide, apex obtuse or very weakly
lucronate, bases cuneate, sessile, green and shining on both
surfaces, punctate, especially above, succulent, about 3/16“
thick, margins entire, reddish; new leaves convex-rolled on
face: not observed to flower in cultivation. - TrOp. Afr.
Culture: Light well drained soil; plenty of water when in
growth; during rest period, dry atmosphere and little soil
water is desirable; bright sunlight, but tolerant to shade;
temperature above 600 F.; propagated by stem cuttings.
uses: Best as small plants in combination planters; larger
well-branched plants.fine as specimens singly, a good type
for true ranch house decor, will withstand dry atmosphere.
Sources: John's (wholesale only)

Howard E. Gates (wholesale only)

Julius Roehrs '

Alan & Ester lacneil

W. E. Marshall 8c 00., Inc.

 

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69

W_W_,,Thunb. in Bailey Man. Cult. P1. (1949) 456.
6. Wide in Addisonia iii. (1918) t. (109.

Family: Crassulaceae
Common.name: Small-Leaved Jade Plant (Suggested)
Description: Much branched shrub to 10', with fleshy stems,
but more slender than in the preceding species: leaves
Opposite, broadly obovate, 7/8'-l' long and.5/8' wide,
mucronate, occasionally retuse or obtuse, bases cuneate,
sessile, margins entire, green and shining, surface not
obviously punctate; old stems scurffy gray-brown, new ones
reddish: .not observed to flower in cultivation. - So. Afr.
Culture: Porous cpen soil; good water during the growing period
dry atmOSphere and little water in the soil during the rest
period; high light intensity excellent for good growth;
temperature at night above 65° F.; prOpagated by stem sections.
‘Uses: Good as a table Specimen, for its form, as illustrated.
Soumces: The Cactus Gardens (wholesale only)

Fitzpatrick's Cactus Gardens

F. I. Carter a Sons

Quality Hill Cactus Home

Rex D. Pearce (seed)

‘!

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CRYPTANTHUS ACAULIS

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71

W.asialim..Beer in Bromel- 75-
WHW” Lindl. in Bot. Reg. xiv. (1828) t. 1157.

Q. m,” Otto a: Dietr. in Allg. Garten. iv. (1886) 299.
Family: Bromeliaceae
Common name: Dwarf Cryptanthus (suggested)
Description: Low herb, acaulescent, producing short stout
stolons on tap of the soil, and producing offsets: leaves
forming a dense rosette, stiff, leathery, to 6%” long and more
than 1" wide, linear, long-acuminate, bases narrowed somewhat,
then sheathing, contiguous, margins undulating, finely spiny-
dentate, yellowish-green above, cappery red near base, fading
in age, or persistent, some leaves red-bordered, all white
scurffy beneath: rarely flowering in cultivation. - Brazil.
Culture: Root medium of fibrous material, osmunda.fibre or
sphagnum, and small pieces of charcoal; little water necessary
during rest period, and low water supply from above during the
growing season, moisture constantly necessary and water should
.remain in center of crown; relatively high light intensity;
;pr0pagated by suckers arising from the base of the plant.
‘Uses: Suspended in window ideal; dry appearance lends them
‘to use in combination planters with cactus and other succulents;
effective in large terraria.
Sources: (sp. and varieties)

Charles Cass
Oakhurst Gardens

Julius Roehrs
Shaffer Nurseries

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CYPEEUS ALT ERN IF OLIUS

 

 

 

75

Cypeggsvglternifolius, L. in Kunth Enum. Plant. II. (1867) 35.
Family: Cyperaceae

Common name: Umbrella Plant

Description: Perennial, ceSpitose sedge, with stout triangular
culms to 4' or more tall, from densely matted roots: culms
more or less striate; leaves all terminal, crowded at tip into
an involucre, long linear to 12‘ or more and 6' wide, held

horizontally, the longest somewhat pendulous toward apex, tips

T‘Q‘T-Wq

long acute, margins finely barbed, esPecially toward the tip,
bright green; sheaths closed: flowers borne from between
leaves, in flattened spikelets, with 6-12 flowers on either
side; not ornamental. - Madagascar; Africa.

Culture: Any good soil, with some organic matter; abundant
soil moisture necessary; full or partial sunlight; temperatures
above 60-650 F.; prOpagate by division of plant, seed, or cut
off crown of leaves and place in sand or moss, new plants from
.leaf axils.

‘USes: A good pot specimen in a water garden; or alone,with

 

acontemporary or oriental furnishings; as cut foliage, excellent
in many arrangements; form unique, see illustration.
Sources: Beldt's Aquarium Joseph Lingg Aquatic Gardens
Clarke's Aquarium Amos Perry
Florida Nurs. & Land. Co. Shaffer Nurseries
Royal Palm Nurseries DeGiorgi Brothers Co. (seed)

Julius Roehrs Hav'alook Gardens (variety)
Wm. Tricker, Inc.

74

 

CYRTOMIUM FALCATUM var. BUTTERFIELDII

75

ngtomigmfglcatum, Presl. in Bailey Man. Cult. P1. (1949) 86.
(var. Bgtterfieldii, Hort. in Bailey Stand. Cycl. Hort.
I. (1947) 945.

WWLOf-O (Thung. in) Flo Jap. (1784) to 360

Agpigium {alcatum, Sw. (Schneider in) Book Choice Ferns i.
(1892) 449.

Polystighum W,“ Diels. (Wu, Wong & Pong in) Bull. Dept.
Biol. Coll. Sc. Sun Yatsen Univ.

(Nov. 8, 1932) t. 35.
Family: Polypodiaceae '
Common.name: House Holly-Fern
Description: Erect fern, the outer fronds somewhat Spreading,
stipes stiff, covered with brown scarious bract-like processes,
to %” long near the base, reduced to tawny villous hairs on
the rachis; fronds 15' to 2' long, to 6' or more wide, long-
oblong in outline: pinnae alternate, ovate, about 3' long,
long acuminate, bases obtuse, Spurred on upper side, margins
irregularly serrate-dentate in upper (apical) half, (the type
with entire pinnae), hardly stalked, dark green and glossy
above, those of young fronds bright green: sori densely
scattered over undersurface, or in approximate rows, usually
5. - Japan; China; So. Afr.; Polynesia.
Culture: Soil - 3/8 fibrous loam, 1/8 fibry peat, 1/8 sand,
% leaf mold, and 1/8 sphagnum moss, with good drainage:
constant soil moisture and humid atmosPhere desirable; some
shade required; minimum temperature 550 F. (night) and
65-700 F. (day); propagation by Spores.
Uses: A good house plant, the shining pinnae attractive;

neutral in.effect; see illustration.

Sources:

76

J. F. Anderson (wholesale only)
Armstrong Nurseries

Sexton & Wilson

University of COpenhagen

Julius Roehrs (variety)

77

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$1

DIEFFENBACHIA AMOENA

78

Dieffenbachig oen , Hort. ex Gentil, in P1. Cult. Serres
Jard. Bot. Brux. 75 (1907).

Family:‘ Araceae

Common name: Giant Dumb Cane (suggested)

Description: Large, robust plant, becoming woody at base:
leaves oblong-lanceolate to elliptic-ovate, cuspidate, bases
rounded to truncate, midrib wide and prominent, solid green,
primary lateral veins conspicuous with greenish-white
irregular zones and splotches adjacent to them, but not
extending to the margin, the ground color darker green than
the midrib, pale beneath, glabrous; petioles stout, nearly
as long as blade, channeled on the face in upper % of 2/3,
canaliculate below, the bases sheathing the stout stem: not
flowering in cultivation. - unknown.

Culture: Soil fibrous loam.and peat mixture; constant soil
moisture; high atmospheric moisture preferred; partial shade;
temperatures above 60-65° F.; when lower leaves absciss, and
lower stem bare and unsightly, cut off the top and root in
sand; remaining stem, cut into sections, dry for 1-2 days,
lay in sand, new shoots produced; may be grown in water
constantly with good results.

Uses: Small plants ideal in combination pots; for Specimens,
put 2-3 plants to a pot; larger plants in large situations,
appearing as a small tree; very good in store window displays,
if in shaded location, or on hearth of fireplace, when not in
use.

Sources: Julius Roehrs

 

79

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80

XDieffegbgghingguse , Hort. Chiswick, (Regel in) Gartenflora
(1875) 49, 50.

pp pictg x Wei;ii,§Engl. in Engler's Bot. Jahrb. xxvi.
(1899) 571.

1;. my”. m4 Engl. in F1. Bras. iii. II. (1878) 176.
Family: Araceae
Common name: Lime-Leaf Diffenbachia (suggested)
Description: Stem erect, or somewhat prostrate at base:
leaves oblong to oblong-lanceolate, bases cuneate to obtuse,
tips acuminate, pale green or yellowish-green, splotched with
small white, and dark green, Spots, a narrow, irregular margin
of dark green, midrib dark green; margins entire: glaucescent
beneath; glabrous; petioles about half as long as the blades,
canaliculate in two-thirds of length, the broad base sheathing
the stem at the node: rarely flowering in cultivation. -
Hybrid, cult.
Culture: See Dieffegbgghig‘gmgeng
Uses: Plant not as robust, and colors not so striking as,2.
i t ; blends more easily with decor; good in contemporary
settings.
Sources: Royal Palm Nurseries
Julius Roehrs

 

81

 

DIEFFENBACHIA PICTA

 

 

 

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W pictg,,_.$chott in Syn. Aroid. (1856) 129.

Family: Araceae
Common name: Spotted Dumb Cane
Description: Stem.upright, tending at base to be slightly
proStrate; to 5' or more tall; glabrous: leaves oblong-
elliptic to oblong-lanceolate, the bases cordate to acute,
tips acuminate, halves unequal in size, leaves blotched
irregularly with white. the number and size of blotches
greatest toward the midrib, is green and conspicuous. 15-20
pairs of primary lateral veins, ascending; petioles mottled
pale green. spreading out to form sheeting bases surrounding
the thick stem. proximal half of long petioles canaliculate;
stem circled by tan leaf scars about 1 inch apart, resulting
from abscission of lower leaves; lateral buds obscurred under
stem tissue, forming small (% inch) blisters Just above the
leaf scars, one at each node; stem becoming woody: rarely
producing flowers in cultivation. Taller plants give effect
of a banana “tree". - Trop. So. Amer.
Culture: see Qigffenbachiapgmoena.
Uses: White-dotted foliage more difficult to blend into
decorations; ideal in.small sizes for large terraria; larger
plants in combination planters, or as illustrated.
Sources: Julius Roehrs

Roy F. Wilcox

F. H. Riegelmeir (wholesale only)

 

 

 

 

83

 

DIEFFENBACHIA PICTA h.v. RUDOLPH ROEHRS

 

 

84

Dieffenbachigwpict§,.Schott in Syn. Aroid. (1856) 129.
h.v. 'Rudolph Roehrs'

Family: Araceae

Common name: Roehrs Dumb Cane (suggested)

Description: Leaves widely ovate-oblong, greenish-yellow to

greenish-white, weakly Spotted pure white, narrowly irregular
margined dark green, midrib dark green, wide and conSpicuous;
petioles pale green; otherwise as,2.,pig§g. e a sport of

.2, piggg, cult.

Culture: See W. mo
‘USes: Color excellent against dark walls for accent; though

or delicate appearance, and good house plant.
Sources: Julius Roehrs

Robert Craig & Co.

Roy F. Wilcox

85

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DIEFFENBACHIA SEGUINE

 

 

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Dieffegbgcgig_Seguine,flSchott in Melet. i. 20.
Family: Araceae

Common.name: Common Dumb Cane
Description: Erect, with thick stem; glabrous: leaves
oblong to ovate-oblong, bases obtuse, cordate, or Eggpgatg,
tips short-cuspidate, green and shining above, paler beneath,
margins entire, midrib broad and conSpicuous, the primary
laterals to 15 pairs, embedded above, prominent beneath;
petioles shorter than.blade, not strongly canaliculate. -
W. Indies and So. Amer.
Culture: As a pot plant, see W‘W; but grown
out of doors in trOpical and subtrOpical regions, and found
on market primarily as cut foliage.
Uses: Leaves cut singly; useful for situations not satisfied
by many other foliages; use in combinations blending with
its lush nature; blends well with flowers of other Aroids,
as fipgfihipnzllum, and other tropicals, as Bird-of-Paradise
(fitzelitz;§;Regina§): arranged well, a minimum of.flowers
may be used, accenting the foliage; good designers are not
limited to these possibilities; lasts well in.water.
Sources: (cut material, 6 leaves per bunch)
‘ Kervan.Co.
(plants, h.v. 'Noble')
Royal Palm Nurseries A

1;:“0‘

""‘31 ...‘”.

87

 

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1.;

DIZYGOTHECA KERCHOV

88

Dizzgothecg,KerchoveanaL N. Taylor in Bailey Man. Cult. P1.
(1949) 745. .

Agalig Kerchoveana, Hort.

Family: Araliaceae
Common name: False Aralia
Description: Erect, woody; leaves alternate; petiole bases
much empanded in final 1' and sheathing stem, purplish,
mottled pale green: leaves ovate in outline, 5-pinnate,
7-13 rachilla, these articulate, each bearing 5-11 leaflets,
these odd-pinnate and articulate, oblong-lanceolate, variously
serrately notched, each segment thus formed deeply serrate, .
the apex pointed, medium green, midribs pale and prominent:
inflorescence a panicle, terminal, each branch articulate;
flowers small, not at all ornamental. - probably Pacific 1515.
Culture: Soil - a sandy loam and % peat; moderate moisture;
partial shade; temperatures above 60° F.; prOpagatioanrom
mature wood cuttings.
Uses: In.small sizes, in combination pots for a contrasting
.foliage type; large specimens on the floor, as suggested in
illustration; good in period settings.
Sources: (sp. elegant13§ima listed)

Royal Palm Nurseries 4

Roy F. Wilcox

 

 

89

 

WARNECKII

DRACAENA DEREMENSIS h.v.

 

9O

pracaena deremensis,_Engl. in Engler's Bot. Jahrb. xxxii. 95.
h.v.‘fl§£n§gkiin,§orgé.in Gard. Chron. Ser. III. (1911)

Family: Agavaceae
Common name: Warneck Dracena (suggested)
Description: As usually seen, a woody tree-like plant, with
a single stem, the many leaves crowded near the tip, to 15'
in age: leaves more or less linear, to 18' or more long,
2' wide, tapering to a long bristle-tip (%”). the base
narrowed, then eXpanded to sheaths the stem, contiguous,
margins-entire, striped with white along the margins parallel
to them, the center area variously striped green, pale green,
and white, veins parallel; stem rather stout, stiff: not
observed to flower as a tub Specimen. - TrOp. Afr.
Culture: See Corgyline seaminglig.
Uses: For table decoration as shown, or large plants as
floor specimens, below curve of a grand piano, or in other
positions where a plant may add interest and simple beauty.
Sources: Julius Roehrs

Roy F. Wilcox

Robert Craig & Co.

F. H. Riegelmeir (wholesale only)

91

 

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to

Dgacaega f;ggggg§, Ker Gawl. in Bot. Mag. t. 1081.
h.v. M 35 eana, Hort. in Belge Hort. xxxi. (1881) 327.

Family: Agavaceae
Common name: Corn Plant
Description: As generally seen, a small tree-like plant, but
reaching 20' in age, with a single stem, the lower leaves often
being retained: leaves oblong to narrowly oblanceolate, some-
what broader beyond the half-mark, l%' or more long, and 5%"
wide, long-tapered to a bristle-tip &' long, the tips recurved,
narrowed to %' toward base, then expanded to sheathe the stem,
contiguous, green, the central area with a broad yellow stripe
parallel to the margins and often variously yellow striped
toward the margins, which are entire and undulating; stem
rather stout, becoming woody: not observed to flower in
cultivation. - TrOp. Afr.
Culture: see gorgyline terminglig.
USes: As pictured, as a Specimen on the floor; attractive
with Philogendron ogzcagdigm climbing on the woody trunk of
large, tepped specimens.
Sources: Julius Roehrs

Roy F. Wilcox

Robert Craig & Co.

Glen St. Mary Nursery

F. H. Riegelmeir (wholesale only)

Royal Palm Nurseries ’

Shaffer Nurseries

£0
{‘0

Dracagna fggggaggh Ker Gawl. in Bot. Mag. t. 1081.
h.v. Mgssgggeana, Hort. in Belge Hort. xxxi. (1881) 527.

Family: Agavaceae

Common name: Corn Plant

Description: As generally seen, a small tree-like plant, but
reaching 20' in age, with a single stem, the lower leaves often
being retained: leaves oblong to narrowly oblanceolate, some-
what broader beyond the half-mark, l%' or more long, and 5%“
wide, long-tapered to a bristle-tip %' long, the tips recurved,
narrowed to %' toward base, then expanded to sheathe the stem,
contiguous, green, the central area with a broad yellow stripe
parallel to the margins and often variously yellow striped
toward the margins, which are entire and undulating; stem
rather stout, becoming woody: not observed to flower in
cultivation. - TrOp. Afr.

Culture: see gorgylinetermigalig.

USes: As pictured, as a Specimen on the floor; attractive
with Philogendron ogycardigm climbing on the woody trunk of
large, tapped Specimens.
Sources: Julius Roehrs

Roy F. Wilcox

Robert Craig & Co.

Glen St. Mary Nursery

F. H. Riegelmeir (wholesale only)

Royal Palm Nurseries .

Shaffer Nurseries

 

 

95

 

DRACAENA GODSEFFIANA

94

ancaega gog§effian§, Hort. ex Sander in Gard. Chron. Ser. III.
xxi. (1847) 347.

Family: Agavaceae
Common name: Spotted Dracena
Description: Much branched shrub, stems slender and very
stiff: leaves 2-5 at a node, to 4%“ long and 2" or more wide,
elliptic to oblong, Spotted irregularly with white dots, some
of which coalesce to form zones of white, parallel veined,
acuminate, bases short cuneate, margins entire, glabrous;
petioles very short (%”); 10-12 foliaceous bracts present
along new stem.growth, the final bract to 7/8" long, these
quickly deciduous, leaving as many scars on each internode:
not observed to flower in cultivation. - Upper Guinea.
Culture: Propagated by division or stem cuttings; if too tall,
pinch to induce branching; see Corgylinehtegmipglis for other
details.
USes: As table plant, as illustrated; in combination planters
for its leaf color pattern; cut leaves may find usage in
certain bouquets or even corsages.
Sources: Julius Roehrs

Roy F. Wilcox

Robert Craig & Co.

Glen St. Mary Nursery

F. H. Riegelmeir (wholesale only)

Royal Palm Nurseries

Shaffer Nurseries

John's (wholesale only)

95

 

DERIANA

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. V

96

Dracaen§,§anderi§na. Hort. ex Sander in Gard. Chron. Ser. III.
' xiii. (1895) 445.

Family: Agavaceae
Common name: Sander Dracena (suggested)
Description: Stem erect, simple: leaves more or less linear,
to 10' long and 1%” wide long taper-pointed to a bristle
(5/8“ long). narrowed somewhat toward base, expanding to
sheathe the stem, with a broad, white border, the central area
green, whole leaf occasionally variously striped green and
white, and shades of green, margins entire, slightly undulating:
not flowering as a pot plant. - Cameroons.
Culture: see Corgylineuterminalis
Uses: Much smaller than.either 2. ngneck i or 2, Mgggeggeana,
is suited for combination planters, where is excellent in
small sizes; tall plants almost worthless, shorten.by tOpping
and rerooting; as a table plant, best with 2-3 plants in same
pot when used alone.
Sources: Julius Roehrs

Roy F. Wilcox

Robert Craig & Co.

Glen St. Mary Nursery

Royal Palm Nurseries

F. H. Riegelmeir (wholesale only)

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98

Episciglfiulgigg, Hook. in Bot. Mag. t. 6156.
Family: Gesneriaceae

Common name: Silver Sheen Episcia (suggested)

Description: Low herb, with simple or branched stem, from a
creeping root, the main branch erect for a.few inches,

(somewhat fleshy), the branches with slender stems, rather

like stolons, bearing offsets, these rooting freely: leaves
Opposite, elliptic-oval, to 4%' long, acute or obtuse, sub-
cordate, crenate margined, soft villous on both surfaces,
reticulate-roughened, cOpper-colored, except the area next to
midrib and primary lateral veins silvery-green; petioles to 2",
reddish, villous: flowers slightly zygomorphic, solitary or

2 or 5 from an axil, on peduncles about 3/8", corolla salverform,
to 1%” long, 5/4" diameter, tube curved or straight, inflated
at base over the posterior gland on disc, and appearing some-
what spurred, hairy without, paler than the 5 bright red corolla
limbs, which are 5/16' long, rotund, denticulate at apex,
yellowish glandular in.the throat; calyx 5 parted, lobes
Spatulate, predominately one-sided, 7/16" long, hairy, purplish,
recurved; stamens 4, paired, included; ovary long-hairy. -

N. So. Amer.

Culture: Very rich fibrous loam, mixed with some peat and

sand; constant soil moisture, and relatively humid atmOSphere
preferred; low intensity light; temperatures above 60° F.;

propagation by offsets, which root easily in water or soil.

99

Uses: Hanging baskets; pyramids; combination planters; in
flat containers alone on a table, as illustrated; good for
the coffee table if new plants started occasionally and old
ones discarded.
Sources: (listed as Sp. coccineg and cupreata)

Julius Roehrs

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Ficus elgstigg, Roxb. in Bailey Stand. Cycl. Hort. II.
(1947) 1252.

Family: Moraceae

Common name: Indian Rubber Plant

Description: As grown, a small tree, becoming a very large
tree in the wild: leaves oblong to elliptic, cuSpidate,
bases obtuse, tip of apex recurved, dark green (except
irregularly white margined and green-gray blotched in the
variegated form), with prominent pale green midrib, and many
parallel lateral veins perpendicular to the midrib, glabrous
and shining, margins entire; petioles pale green, at first
held straight out, soon drooping; new leaves with midrib
reddish below; stem stout, sap milky; terminal bud Sheath
bright pink, deciduous, the scars obvious above each node;
terminal bud conical and pointed, axillary buds short, conical;
slender brown aerial roots produced from trunk in large
Specimens: not flowering in the greenhouse. - Tr0p. Asia.
Culture: Any good soil mixture; reaponds well to feeding;
plenty of water; likes bright, hot sun, tolerates shade well;
temperatures above 650 F.; prOpagation by aerial layers, check
flow of sap with powdered charcoal-lime dust; single-”eye”
leaf-bud cuttings with bottom heat satisfactory, but Slow;
plants unshapely above 10'.

Uses: Excellent in contemporary home, as shown, as a floor

Specimen; in store windows.

102

Sources: Glen St. Mary Nursery
John's (wholesale only)
Rex D. Pearce (seed)
F. H. Riegelmeir (wholesale only)
Julius Roehrs
Shaffer Nurseries
(Vere We: 2W)
Julius Roehrs
Shaffer Nurseries
Roy F. Wilcox

103

 

FICUS LYRATA

 

 

 

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104

Ficus l ata,_Warb. (Domke in) Gartenflora, lxxxiv. (1955) 135.

E, andurata, Hort. ex Sander in Bailey Stand. Cycl. Hort.
II. (1947) 1232.

Family: Moraceae
Common name: Fiddle-Leaf Fig
Description: Evergreen tree to 40'; as generally seen, a small
woody plant appearing as a Shrub by cultural practices:
leaves alternate, fiddle shaped, to 15' long, the large and
quite rounded, to 10' across, the lower part about half as
wide, bases cordate-truncate, margins entire, somewhat
undulate and slightly revolute, glabrous, dark green above,
with prominent midrib and few pinnate ribs, these lighter
colored, paler beneath, the veins and midrib much raised and
prominent; petioles very stout, short, l-ls' long; leaves
held erect or arched outward from near the base of the blade;
stems dark brown with darker brown dry scales or bracts,
SSpecially Just above each node, lance-deltoid and acuminate,
to 1%“ long, persistent: not flowering in cultivation. -
Trap. Afr.
Culture: Reduced sunlight; plants best under 5' tall,
2-3 to a pot or tub; see Figg§,elasticg.
Uses: Decidedly for the contemporary homes but surely not
limited to them; a fine floor specimen, as pictured; superb
in store window decorations; in lobbies, and interiors of
large public buildings, as well as in sunken indoor gardens
in the home.
Sources: Edwin A. Menninger Julius Roehrs

Royal Palm Nurseries Roy F. Wilcox

 

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FICUS RUBIGINCS

 

 

 

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106

Ficus rubiginosg, Vent. in Bailey Man. Cult. P1. (1949) 340.

E} ggptralis, Willd. (Schacht in) Abh. Senckenb. Nat. Ges.
i. (1854) t. 7.

Family: Moraceae

Common name: Australian Rubber Plant (suggested)

Description: A muchébranched evergreen tree, but as used,
appearing as a shrub or small tree: leaves alternate,
elliptic to oval-elliptic, to 7“ long, obtuse at either end,
margins entire, glabrous, very dark green and shining above,
rusty-tomentose beneath, midrib prominent and pale green;
petioles to 1%”, pale green and tomentose, as is the Spur-like
terminal bud; young stems brown and tomentose, producing brown
aerial roots which form trunks in large individuals; sap
milky: not observed to flower as a tub specimen. - Australia.
Culture: Good indirect light; see Lisp; W.

‘Uses: Much-branched and often as broad as tall, lends Self
to lobbies and other large rooms, to break lines and add
interest; in any space large enough for the Specimen; simple
enough, yet with good characters which do not limit its use
-in any special type of design; small plants useful in large
combination planters, or as table Specimens.

Sources: Royal Palm Nurseries ,

Julius Roehrs (var. variegatus)

107

 

FITTONIA VERSCHAFFELTII

 

 

108

Figtogia Verschaffelti , Coem. in F1. des Serres, vx.
(1862-65) 186.

gymnostachyum,Megsgha§§e13_, Nob. in Hibberd New & Rare
Beaut. Leaved P1. (1870)

23, 24. t. ix.

Family: Acanthaceae

Common name: Red-Veined Fittonia

Description: Stems creeping, green, villous along the angles
of the square stem: leaves opposite, elliptic-ovate to ovate,
to 4' long, apex rounded, bases subcordate, margins weakly
crenate and ciliate, dark olive green with midrib and veins
deep rose above, paler green beneath, veins green and pubescent,
upper surface shining, rugose-reticulated by the sunken veins;
petioles to 1" long, rather S-angled, villous along the angles,
pink-purple above, green below: flowering more or less
continually; spikes terminal, simple or branched, to 5” long,
on short reddish peduncles, bracts 4- ranked, green, rotund
and covered with gland-tipped hairs; one flower per bract,
these small, pale yellow, zygomorphic, bilabiate, about %"
-1ong; 1 or 2 flowers Open at a time, and not ornamental in
themselves, though bracted Spikes add much interest. - Peru.
Culture: Soil - 1/3 fibrous loam, 1/5 leaf mold, and 1/5
sand; constant supply of soil water; heavy shade; temperatures
above 60° F.; propagation by stem cuttings in sand, will root
easily in water; pinch.all strong shoots to prevent straggling
appearance; best grown on a mound so stems may root as they

grow longer.

109

USes: Combination planters; around edge of hanging baskets
possibly; in pyramid planters; small plants good in planter
lamps, on coffee table, etc.
Sources: Clarke‘s Aquarium

Julius Roehrs

110

 

FITTCNIA VERSCdAFFELTII var. ARGYRONEURA

111

Fittonig Verschafgeltii,_Coem. in F1. des Serres, xv.
- (1862-65) 186.

var. grgyroneuga, Nichols in Bailey Man. Cult. P1.
(1949) 922.
F. gggyronegra, Coem., in F1. des Serres, xvi. (1865-67) 108.

Family: Acanthaceae
Common name: White-Veined Fittonia
Description: Very similar to the Species, except the leaves
bright green, midrib and veins white, not as coarse in
appearance, probably due to a greater number of primary
lateral veins and secondary ones: not flowering so profusely
as the type, the bracts obovate and cuSpidate, about %' long;
peduncles green; Spikes more slender than in the Species. -
Peru.
Culture: see FittoningQrschaffelti .
Uses: Combination planters; around edge of hanging baskets;
in pyramid planters; small Specimen plants good in planter
lamps, on coffee table, or in decor where the white-veined
leaves will be effective.
Sources: Clarke's Aquarium

Julius Roehrs

Royal Palm Nurseries

Roy F. Wilcox

112

   

GALAX APHYLLA

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113

Galax gphyllaqu. in Sp. P1. (1755) 200.
Family: Dispensiaceae I

Common name: Galax

Description: Evergreen perennial herb; acaulescent: leaves
all basal, orbicular or broadly-ovate, to 5” or more across,
cordate, margins crenate-dentate and shallowly lobed toward
apex, the terminal lobe most prominent, glabrous, bright green
and palmately veined, glossy, leathery, turning bronze-purple
in autumn; on long petioles to 8': inflorescence a raceme,
2-5' long on a scape to 2%' tall; flowers white, to 5/16“
across. - Va. to Ga. and Ala., S. E. No. Amer.

Culture: Outside; moderate moisture; shade; northern
exposure. Not grown indoors.

USes: Only as cut foliage, available in both green and
autumnal coppery-red; in wreaths, bbuquets, and some small
arrangements with certain flowers; other decorations.
Sources: (cut)

Kervan Co.

(plants)

George D. Aiken Carl Starker Gardens
F. M. Crayton.& Sons Vick's Wild Gardens
Gardens of the Blue Ridge Isaac Langley Williams

Mayfair Nurseries

Rex D. Pearce (seed)

114

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115

Gagltherig,$hallon, Pursh. in Bailey Stand. Cycl. Hort. II.
(1927) 1519.

Family: Ericaceae

Common name: Salal; Lemon Leaf

Description: Evergreen shrub, to 2' tall: leaves alternate,
ovate, to 5' long, cuspidate, bases obtuse, margins

serrulate, leathery, dark green above, paler beneath, midrib
and main lateral veins sunken.and prominent, surface somewhat
reticulate; on short reddish petioles (i'); stems light green.
somewhat zig-zag and flattened” wiry: flowers rarely seen

on cut material; inflorescence a compound raceme of small
pink or white flowers, each about 2/5" long. - B. C. to Calif.,
N. W. No. Amer.

Culture: Not cultivated; cut from.the wild.

Uses: Many and sundry; one of the two most used greens in
the florists' industry; particularly as foliage in Sprays,
bouquets and arrangements.

Sources: (cut)

Callison's

116

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117

Hegerg‘ anariensi , Willd. in Ges. Naturf. Fr. Berl. Mag.
ii. (1808) 171.
var. yarieggtg, Schulze in Bailey Man. Cult. P1. (1949) 746.
g. 5312;, Lowe, in F1. Moder. 376
var. alggriensis, Hort. in Neubert's Deutsche. Bard. Mag.
(1866) 289.
cl. ygriegatg, Hort. (Nicholson in) Illus. Dict. Gard.
11. (1884-88) 120.

Family: Araliaceae
Common name: Algerian Ivy
Description: As generally seen, a vine, evergreen, rooting
where it meets the soil, stems dark reddish, slender but stiff,
quickly glabrous: leaves to 3" or more long, alternate,
triangular, usually somewhat 3-lobed, tips of lobes acute,
bases obtuse, or slightly subcordate, margins entire or
slightly wavy, with an irregular white margin, the central
area blue-green, irregularly splotched with areas of pale
metallic blue-green or blue-gray, the zones not integrating,
but with definite irregular margins; new leaves yellow and
green, becoming typical, 5 primary veins palmately arranged;
petioles long, to 4%" or more, reddish, ascending, the blade
held quite horizontally; rarely branching: not.flowering as
a pot plant. - Canary Island northw., and southw. to S. Afr.
Culture: Any rich, porous soil; good moisture; thrives in
reduced light; temperatures above 550 F.; prOpagation by stem
cuttings; pinching necessary to induce branching; best in
small sizes.

USes: AS a table plant, on coffee table, step table, etc.;

see picture. A good house plant; useful in combination pots.

Sources:

118

(h.v. .Yellow Edge')

Armstrong Nurseries

Coolidge Rare Plant Gardens

Julius Roehrs

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120

Hederg‘gglig, L. Sp. P1. (1755) 202.

Family:' Araliaceae

Common name: English Ivy (and variety names)

Description: A polymorphic Species, with many named varieties,
(about 80), evergreen shrub climbing by aerial rootlets,
though as generally seen, a small decumbent vine, becoming
woody: leaves alternate, 5-5 lobed or entire, of various
size depending upon.variety, petioles also various, margins
entire, usually dark green and shining above; Several
variegated forms are grown: not flowering as a house plant. -
EurOpe, No. Afr., temp. Asia, Canaries.

Culture: Any good porous soil; good moisture; thrives under
very poor light conditions; frost-hardy; propagation by stem
cuttings; slower growing varieties by grafting sometimes on
common stock. Excellent house plants.

Uses: On the table; hanging baskets; wall containers, mantle
(without a fire below) as shown; countless possibilities;
even creeping on interior masonry (not a chimney); cut, in

a vase, alone or in arrangements, bouquets, corsages.
Sources: Most nurseries; various varieties grown by most
foliage plant grower. Julius Roehrs offers an excellent

collection of forms.

120

Hederg MLL. Sp. P1. (1755) 202.

Family:' Araliaceae

Common name: English Ivy (and variety names)

Description: A polymorphic Species, with many named varieties,
(about 80), evergreen shrub climbing by aerial rootlets,
though as generally seen, a small decumbent vine, becoming
woody: leaves alternate, 5-5 lobed or entire, of various
size depending upon.variety, petioles also various, margins
entire, usually dark green and shining above; several
variegated.forms are grown: not.flowering as a house plant. -
EurOpe, No. Afr., temp. Asia, Canaries.

Culture: Any good porous soil; good moisture; thrives under
very poor light conditions; frost-hardy; propagation by stem
cuttings; Slower growing varieties by grafting sometimes on
common stock. Excellent house plants.

'Uses: On the table; hanging baskets; wall containers, mantle
(without a fire below) as shown; countless possibilities;
even creeping on interior masonry (not a chimney); cut, in

a vase, alone or in arrangements, bouquets, corsages.
Sources: Most nurseries; various varieties grown by most
:foliage plant grower. Julius Roehrs offers an excellent

collection of forms .

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Helgin§_Sol§iroli ,HReq. in Ann. Sc. Nat. Ser. I. V. (1825) 584.
Family: Urticaceae
Common name: Babys' Tears
Description: Small, decumbent herb, with many stems, very
delicate: leaves alternate, obliquely reniform or orbicular,
about %' long, pubescent above glabrous below, margins entire;
stems more or less hyaline, often red-tinted, pubescent:
flowers not ornamental. minute. - Corsica and Sardinia.
Culture: Soil of sandy loam; plenty of soil water; prefers
high humidity; moderate shade; above 600 F. temperatures;
propagation by division, rooted tips, Seed, if available.
Uses: To hide bare soil in pot with large Specimens, as an
Indian Rubber Plant; as pictured, making a mat of green in
a small container, on the coffee table; in terraria; common
on and under bench in conservatories.
Sources: Armstrong Nurseries

H. Correvan & Sons

H. Kohankie & Sons

Julius Roehrs

North Street Greenhouses

wewdogoo mHmawumobi Hm

 

124

Hemigraphis colorata, Hallier in Bailey Stand. Cycl. Hort.
II. (1947) 1457.

Ruellia colorata,.Vell. in F1. Flum. vi. (1827) t. 99.
Family: Acanthaceae
Common name: Hemigraphis .
Description: Decumbent, rooting at the swollen nodes:
leaves opposite, ovate, to 5” long, acute, bases more or
less cordate, margins irregularly crenate, glandular-
pubescent above, simply pubescent below, leathery, green
to purplish-green above and purplish beneath when young, the
veins dark green or purplish, midrib and petioles purple,
blade becoming purple in age, intermingled with green or
becoming quite green; petioles about 5' long, puberulent;
freely branching, branches at wide angles from the main stems,
these puberulent, with a few long hairs intermingled: free
flowering; inflorescence a Spike, to 1%: or more, on a
peduncle 1" long, terminal on the side branches; flowers
subtended by purple foliaceous 4-ranked bracts, ovate or
lanceolate, with ciliate margins, Opposite, 2 flowers per
bract, white, bilabiate, small. - Java.
Culture: Any rich, porous soil; reduced light; temperatures
above 600 F.; plenty of water; prepagation by cuttings; forms

a hanging mat.

Uses: Ideal in hanging baskets; or in small sizes, on the
coffee table as Shown, or Similar spot; fine in the window

box in summer to hide the front of the box.

Source: Royal Palm Nurseries

 

 

\v

124

Hgmigrgphis colorata, Hallier in Bailey Stand. Cycl. Hort.
II. (1947) 1457.

Rgellig colorat , Vell. in F1. Flum. vi. (1827) t. 99.
Family: Acanthaceae
Common name: Hemigraphis
Description: Decumbent, rooting at the swollen nodes:
leaves opposite, ovate, to 5” long, acute, bases more or
less cordate, margins irregularly crenate, glandular-
pubescent above, simply pubescent below, leathery, green
to purplish-green above and purplish beneath when young, the
veins dark green or purplish, midrib and petioles purple,
blade becoming purple in age, intermingled with green or
becoming quite green; petioles about 5* long, puberulent;
freely branching, branches at wide angles from the main stems,
these puberulent, with a few long hairs intermingled: free
flowering; inflorescence 8 Spike, to 14* or more, on a
peduncle l” long,_terminal on the side branches; flowers
subtended by purple foliaceous 4-ranked bracts, ovate or
lanceolate, with ciliate margins, Opposite, 2 flowers per
bract, white, bilabiate, small. - Java.
Culture: Any rich, porous soil; reduced light; temperatures
above 600 F.; plenty of water; prOpagation by cuttings; forms

a hanging mat.

‘Uses: Ideal in hanging baskets; or in small Sizes, on the
coffee table as shown, or similar Spot; fine in the window

box in summer to hide the front of the box.

Source: Royal Palm Nurseries

 

 

125

 

HIBISCUS ROSA-SINEQSIS var. CCOPERI

 

 

 

126

Hibisggs Rosa-Sinensis, L. in Sp. P1. (1755) 694.
var. Coogeri, Hort. ex Nichols in F1. des Serres Ser.

II. (1862-65). v.t. 1556
Family: Malvaceae 0
Common name: Fancy-Leaved Chinese Hibiscus
Description: Large shrub to 25', sometimes tree-like: leaves
alternate, lanceolate, very often distorted, to 4" long,
acuminate, variously margined, serrate, wavy, or entire and
undulate, midrib deep pink, the blade mottled green, lighter
Shades of green to white, and pink to white, often.with large
zones of one or more colors; petioles nearly as long as blade,
reddish and pubescent, as are the new stems; Stipules dark-
colored, soon deciduous; freely branching: flowers often,
these solitary, axillary, on Jointed peduncles exceeding the
petioles; bracts at base of calyx linear, 10 in number; calyx
5-lobed, these lanceolate, greenish-white, 1' long; petals 5,
somewhat distorted, separate, Spatulate-oblance, 2'I long,
deep red, wide open and recurved, with a dark crimson eye at
base; stamens many, filaments united into an exserted column
surrounding the pistil, anthers yellow, column deep pink,
5' long. - Sp. widespread in tropics.
Culturez Well-balanced soil mixture; continuous water supply;
syringe frequently to maintain atmOSpheric humidity; temperatures
above 600 F. (about 65°F.); sunlight; in reduced light, retard
growth by reducting temperature to 50° F. and withholding
'water; prOpagation by cuttings or grafts - softwood cuttings

 

127

in Spring, or hardened cuttings in fall; pinch to induce
branching.
Uses: Recommended as a cut foliage; to lend color, or as a
focus point in decorations, alone or with suitable types of
flowers; the growing plant may be used, but doubtful if
vigorous growth could be maintained in the home.
Source: (var. Versicolog, probably the same)

Glen St. Mary Nursery

0

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129

Howeg Forsterigga, Becc. in Bailey Stand. Cycl. Hort. II.
(1947) 1612.

Grisebachia Forsterigng, Wendl. in DeKerchove Les Palmiers
(1878) 525, & t. VII.

KggtigqFozstgriang F. Muell. (Chabaud in) Palm. Cote
' d'Azure (1915) 110.

Family: Palmaceae

Common name: Kentia

Description: A feather palm; as generally seen, a more or
less acaulescent plant to 8' tall: leaves.from a very Short
stem, the petioles of the fronds flat on the face, rounded
behind, erect up to the pinnae, then pendulous; bases expanded
and sheathing, their fibrous extensions also Sheathing:
pinnae Spreading outward from the rachis horizontally on a
flat plane, then.pendulous and hanging, the final one bifid
and pendulous, dark green, rather coarse in texture. Not
flowering in this Juvenile condition. - Lord Howe Is. (east
of N. 8. Wales).

Culture: Soil of light, rich loam with medium quantity of
.fertilizer added; constant moisture, and moist atmosphere;
{moderate shade; nite temperature about 600 F.; prOpagation
by seed (imported).

'Uses: Though outmoded today, still used considerably, for
'wedding and church decorations, stage, and similar large
spaces, as greenery, or‘background.for flowers, etc.; may
‘be used in the home, as Shown.

Sources: Julius Roehrs F. W. Schumacher

Roy F. Wilcox Royal Palm Nurseries
F. H. Riegelmeir (wholesale only)

1.491.40er3.4> .bon <muz~2g «New

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Hoya carnosg, R. Br. in Mem. Wern. Soc. i. (1809) 27.
h.v. arie ate, in Bailey stand. Cycl. Hort. ii. (1947)
1612. - .

H, Motoskgi, Teysn. & Binn. (DeVriese in) Tuinbouw.-Fl.
l. (1855) 67, t.4.

Family: Asclepiaceae

Common name: Variegated Wax Plant

Description: Woody vine, twining or climbing by aerial roots,
to 10' or more: leaves Opposite, elliptic, about 5' long and
half as broad, acute or cuSpidate, bases obtuse, thick and
fleshy, variously variegated cream and/or rosy, the pattern
tending toward an irregular green border with a cream colored
central area, and splotches of intermediate shades between the
two zones, some leaves entirely green, shining above, tawny
pubescent throughout, eSpecially beneath, along midrib, pale
beneath; many leaves with the 2 halves rising from the midrib,
and thus not flat, Often variously Oblique, and margins
undulating; petioles purplish, to l' lOng; stems dark-colored;
both glaucous: flowering occasionally, in axillary cymes,
flowers white or palest pink, with pink centers, about an in
diameter, 5-petals united, rotate. Not stable, new shoots
Often reverting to the green.form. - China; Australia.
Culture: Any good soil mixture; plenty Of water, except in
fall and early winter, when light is low; prefers good indirect
light in active growth; warm temperatures (above 600 F.).

but cooler when growth is slow; good ventilation desirable;

propagation by terminal stem cuttings, division, or layering,

152

eSpecially; if stems long, remove tip and root, or furnish
support for aerial roots to cling to; tOp growth of cuttings
may require a year or more to begin growth - Spud by frequent
syringing.

Uses: For contemporary decor, eSpecially with a Chinese
touch; on coffee table or vacant bookshelf, a beautiful
Specimen.

Source: Julius Roehrs

155

 

 

 

“

KALAI CECE PINNATA

154

Kglanchoe pinna a,_Pers. in Syn. i. 446.

BmOphyllm,gglycinum,_Salisb. in Para. Lond. (1805) t. 5.
B, piggatum, Kurz. in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. x1. II. (1871) 52.

Family: Crassulaceae
Common name: (Air-Plant
Description: Erect, somewhat woody at base, one or several
stems from the root, stout, and hollow, to 6': leaves
opposite, pinnately 5-5 compounded, (the early ones simple);
leaflets elliptic, the lowermost oblique, to 4%“ long, very
Short-stalked, coarsely crenate, or crenate-serrate, thick
(1/16”) and fleshy, midrib purplish at base; petioles of
compound leaves much longer than Of simple ones, purple above,
green beneath: not flowering in sizes desirable as house
plants: new plantlets Often grow from each notch along the
leaf margins, either before or after they fall Off; growing
into new plants. - Mexico.
Culture: Propagated by new plants which grow from crenatures
of leaves, or from cuttings or seed; see Crassglg ggborgsgens.
'USes: Small sizes ornamental, and useful in combination pots
or several in a single pot; interesting, the new plants
‘produced on.leaves before and after falling; unsightly
above 18'.
Sources: Fitzpatrick's Cactus Gardens

Rex D. Pearce (seed)

Royal Palm NurSerieS

Ferd. Schmoll

 

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. 1 . . .‘
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KAI-15114 LATIFCLIA

156

Kalmig latifolig,_L. in Sp. Pl. 591.

Family: Ericaceae

Common name: Mountain Laurel

Description: Evergreen shrub, to 10' or more: leaves
alternate, elliptic, to 4' long, acute at both ends, margins
entire, the face of the leaf concave, dark green above, pale
beneath; petioles less than 1' long; leaves at tips of
branches, the lower part bare, glandular-roughened; branching
in fascicles, 1-5 from a point; Old stems roughish, bark
gray-brown and peeling Off: flowers in late Spring in
terminal compound corymbs, flowers 5-merous, calyx and
corolla lobed, stamens 10; flowers about 5/4” in diameter,
pink or white, with purple markings within. - E. No. Amer.
Culture: Not cultivated as a house plant; acid soil;
propagated by seed, layers, or half-hardened stem cuttings;
a garden Shrub.

‘Uses: Cut branches for greenery, in vase, or in wedding,
party, or holiday decorations; branchlets formed into
wreaths, or garlands for table, wall, or mantle.

Source: Kervan CO.

157

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LYCOPODIUM CERNUUM

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158

Lygopogigm_gernuum, L. in Archiv de Botanica do Estado de
5. Paine is (1927) 444‘447, & to 450

Q, gurvatum, Gaud. in Voy. Freyc. Bot. (1828) 284.
Family: Echpodiaceae
Common name: Florists’ Lchpodium
Description: Much branched, erect plant to 18‘ or more,
tree-like in.form: stems straw-colored, striate-green by
the adnate bases of the uniform, awn-shaped, linear-lanceolate
_1eaves; mature leaves on the main stem about 1/6' long, and
1/52' wide, tip to a long point, bases attached straight
across and the adnate portion extending down stem about the
length of the leaf, coriaceous, entire, patent, 8-ranked and
spirally arranged on stem; branches paired, one from either
side of main stem, but not exactly opposite; about 2" between
pairs; Side branches much branched, the leaves smaller and
closer together, tufted, the terminal leaves extending
beyond and concealing the growing tips. - CosmOpOlitan in
tropics.
Culture: Not useful as a house plant.
‘Uses: Cut stems good for unique arrangements with certain,
‘well-chosen flowers; also in Xmas decorations.

Source: Flowers of Hawaii, Ltd.

 

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MAGN CLIA GRAN DIFL ORA

 

 

 

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140

Mgggolia grandiflorg, L. in Syst. ed. X. 1082.
Family: Magnoliaceae

Common name: .Southern Magnolia; Bull Bay

Description: Beautiful, evergreen tree to 100' or more:
leaves alternate, oval-Oblong to obovate, to 8” long, tapered ’
at both ends, stiff, bright green and Shining above, rusty-
tomentose beneath, margins entire; new stems and short petioles
tomentose: flowers to 8“ across, terminal, and solitary,

from great, villous buds; petals 6-12, obovate, strongly
concave above, white; sepals 5, petaloid; many pistils united
in a stalked cone, green, elliptic or oval in cross-section,
styles reflexed, and the numerous stamens attached around the
stalk of the cone, filaments purple, yellow tipped; very
fragrant; petals and sepals Opening wide, closing at night,
the third day remaining Open and fading, the stamens
deciduous. - S. E. No. Amer.

Culture: Not desirable as a house plant, grown as garden
tree, not hardy north.

USes: Cut branches most desirable in arrangements with none
or few’flowers; single leaves in.sprays, wreaths, etc.

Sources: Kervan CO. (in season)

 

140

Maggolia‘grgndiflggg, L. in Syst. ed. X. 1082.
Family: Magnoliaceae

Common name: ,Southern Magnolia; Bull Bay

Description: Beautiful, evergreen tree to 100' or more:
leaves alternate, oval-oblong to obovate, to 8” long, tapered
at both ends, stiff, bright green and shining above, rusty-
tomentose beneath, margins entire; new stems and Short petioles
tomentose: flowers to 8“ across, terminal, and solitary,
from great, villous buds; petals 6-12, obovate, strongly
concave above, white; sepals 5, petaloid; many pistils united
in a stalked cone, green, elliptic or oval in cross-section,
styles reflexed, and the numerous stamens attached around the
stalk of the cone, filaments purple, yellow tipped; very
fragrant; petals and sepals opening wide, closing at night,
the third day remaining open and fading, the stamens
deciduous. - S. E. NO. Amer.

Culture: Not desirable as a house plant, grown as garden
tree, not hardy north.

Uses: Cut branches most desirable in arrangements with none
or few flowers; single leaves in sprays,wreaths, etc.

Sources: Kervan Co. (in season)

141

. \' Ldarg".

 

MARANTA BICOLOR

142

Marantg;pigglgg,_Ker-Gawl. in Bot. Reg. t. 786.

Family: Marantaceae

Common name: Prayer Plant

Description: Low, perennial, caulescent herb, to 10" or rarely
more, stems often branched; producing small underground tubers:
leaves alternate, oblong, broad elliptic, or ovate, to 4%" long,
cuspidate, bases cordate or rounded, margins entire, somewhat
undulate, midrib prominent, slightly sunken, primary lateral
veins raised on face and anastomosing, glaucous-green above,
with large brownish Spots on either Side between the main
lateral veins, these spots becoming dark green in age, the
central area along midrib lighter than marginal area, paler
beneath, with purplish Spots, glabrous; petioles nearly as

long as blade, canaliculate by thin extensions in half of their
length, the bases sheathing the stem at the swollen nodes,
apical tip (%”) Of petiole articulate from the lower part, and
tinted brownish, hairy on the face; at night, the blades bend
upward and inward from the articulation: Spike-like
inflorescence subtended by sheathing bracts; flowers Small,
white, Spotted and striped with purple; petals 5; calyx 5;
stamens 6, l fertile, the others petaloid staminodia exceeding
the petals; ovary l-celled by abortion (of other 2 cells). -
Brazil, Guiana.

Culture: see leatheg ornatg.

Uses: In combination pots, for interesting foliage with out-

standing pattern; and curiosity for its nocturnal leaf blade

movement.

145

Sources: North Street Greenhouses
Shaffer Nurseries
Julius Roehrs

 

MONSTERA DELICIOSA

 

145

Monsters dgliciosg, Liebm. in Bailey Man. Cult. P1. (1949) 185.
)4. Le , K. Koch. in Gartenfl. ix. (1860) t. 279.

Ehilgdengrog pertgsgm, Kunth & Bouche in Rap. Missouri Bot.
Gard. ii. (1891) Frontisp.

£9339; 22221118.. Hort. (not Roxb.)

gornelig fggggans, Gutierrez in Flora xcvii (1907) t. 9.
Family: Araceae
Common name: Monsters; Ceriman; Swiss Cheese Plant
(Note: The Juvenile stage of this Species is Often sold as
Philodendrog pertusgm, or Just "Pertusum". However, it is
identical to the Species described; age is the only variable.)
Description: Tall climbing vine; stem stout; leaves thick,
rotund-cordate, oblique, tips cuSpidate, green and Shining,
variously pinnately dissected and often much perforated with
orbicular to elliptic holes in area next to midrib, (or blades
entire), to 5 feet long and nearly as broad, Segments rather
linear, to 15 in number, midrib elevated and very prominent,
as are the lateral veins; petioles long, to 5 feet, scabrous,
strongly canaliculate along entire length, except the
terminal 2', which are flattened into a winged portion, bent
slightly upward, abruptly bent in opposite direction at union
with the blade; bases sheathing stem around half its circum-
ference; stem and petioles glaucescent; glabrous throughout;
stout aerial roots produced, long and hanging, or clinging
to any available support, or acting as prop-roots where they

contact the soil, becoming firmly secured: flowering rarely

146

under cultivation; flowers axillary, Spathe to 1 foot long,
white, Open, margins revolute, eventually deciduous; Spadix
slightly shorter, thick, sessile, maturing into a large
edible fruit. - Mexico; Cent. Amer.
Culture: Any good, porous soil, 2/5 sandy loam and 1/5 peat,
without added nutrients; continuous soil moisture, and prefers
high atmOSpheric moisture; tolerates low humidity well; shade
necessary; temperature above 650 F.; prOpagation by stem
sections (single "eye” ), or to obtain adult growth on short
Specimens, terminal cuttings; support must be furnished for
the aerial roots to cling to, cork bark, dead tree-fern trunks,
fernwood, or similar materials.
Uses: Strictly for contemporary decor, and design, but ideal
here; in indoor sunken gardens; or as tub Specimens where
ample Space available.
Sources: Robert Craig & Co.

Hav'alook Gardens

F. H. Riegelmeir (wholesale only)

Julius Roehrs

Shaffer Nurseries

Roy F. Wilcox

147

 

NEPHRCLEPIS EXALTATA var. BOSTONIENSIS

 

 

 

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148

Nephrolepis exaltat§,_Schott in Bailey Man. Cult. P1. (1949) 89.

var. bostoniensis, Davenport in Journ. N. Y. Bot. Gard.

xvi. (1915) t. 161.
Family: Polypodiaceae
Common name: Boston Fern
Description: Fronds long and drooping, to 5', not stiff and
erect as in the Species: (pinnae alternate, long linear in
outline, 5-4' long, light green, Jointed at the rachis, lance-
oblong, acute, the base of each auricled on side toward the
apex of frond, margins entire or crenulate, often undulate:
rachis light to dark brown, hairy toward the apex, slightly
channelled above, pinnae present along its entire length
excepting a few inches at base: sori in a single row on
either side of the midvein on.the underside of the fertile
pinnae: filiform stolons produced, these green.and villous
toward the apex, tips rooting and growing new plants if in
contact with the soil. - Sp. widespread in trOpics - the
'variety a Sport, introd. 1895.
Culture: Soil Of 1/6 fibrous loam, 1/6 peat moss, 1/6 leaf-
mold, 1/6 Sphagnum moss, 1/6 sand, and 1/6 half broken crock
and half broken charcoal; constant moisture; reduced light;
temperatures above 55° F. (night) and 65-700 F. (day);
propagated by Offsets at tips of runners, produced if runners
pinned down to the soil.
'Uses: AS illustrated; small plants on table, or in large
terraria; large Specimens have almost no place in a design today.
Sources: J. F. Anderson (wholesale only) Roy F. Wilcox
F. H. Riegelmeir (wholesale only) Royal Palm Nurseries

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Pandanus a ificus, Hort. in Bailey Stand. Cycl. Hort. III.
(1947) 2450.

Family : Pandanaceae

Common name: Broad-Leaved Screw Pine (suggested)
Description: As generally seen, a vigorous, many-leaved
plant with a single stem, leaves crowded and contiguous,
seemingly all basal: leaves Oblong, 2' or more long, and

4%" wide, tips long aristate (to 5”), bases Sheathing the
stem, margins very short-Spiny, as is the midrib beneath,

the Spines oriented toward the apex; leaves angle-channelled,
parallel-veined, solid rich bright green, held upright,
Slightly recurved; stout brown prOp roots produced from the
caudex, sent into the soil at an angle, for support: axillary
buds grow readily, and many shoots protrude from between.the
lower leaves and from the lower part of caudex: not flowing
in this Juvenile state. - Islands of the So. Pacific.
Culture: Soil - 5/4 fibrous loam and 1/4 peat, plus enough
sand to give light porous structure; good drainage; abundant
soil moisture in active growth; high atmospheric humidity;
plenty of diffused light; night temperatures 65-70° F.;
propagation by suckers arising from base of stem, in sand
with bottom heat.

'Uses: Beautiful wherever a medium Sized Specimen is feasible -
on the floor as illustrated, in home, lobbies or showrooms.
Caution: leaves Spiny, do not use where peOple will inJure
selves or clothing. See 2. Veitchii.

Sources: None listed.

Hal-wing? .wD-fiemzwm

 

152

Pandanus Veitchi, Hort. ex Dell. in P1. Ornanent. i.
(1875) 28. -

Family: Pandanaceae
Common name: Screw Pine
Description: Very like the preceding Species, except the
leaves longer and narrower, tO 5' or more and 2%” wide,
bright green, and/or variously striped yellow parallel to
the margins, with a wide yellowish-white border, occasionally
producing solid green leaves in the variegated form, or new
leaves solid yellowish-white: not flowering in this Juvenile
state. - Polynesia.
Culture: See ngdangs pgcificus; plants will grow from seed.
USes: See 2. pacificus. Large Specimens in lobbies, lounges,
Showrooms; small plants as illustrated.
Sources: Rex D. Pearce (seed)

Royal Palm Nurseries

Julius Roehrs

Roy F. Wilcox

Shaffer Nurseries

Glen St. Mary Nursery

Robert Craig & Co.

 

 

 

 

 

 

154

Pelargonigm graveoleng, L'Her. in Geran. t. 17.

Family: Geraniaceae
Common name: Rose Geranium
Description: Cut-leaved shrubby plant to 3', woody at base:
leaves medium green, ovate in outline with cordate base,
7-9 palmately lobed, parted nearly to the base, the segments
variously lobed, and these with serrate margins; petioles
1% to 2 times as long as blade; densely pubescent throughout;
stipules present, triangular, to %' long; much branched:
inflorescence an umbel, on short peduncle; flowers small,
%' long, pink; petals entire, the upper two larger. - So. Afr.
Culture: Soil of light sandy loam, without added chemicals
or manures; keep on the dry side; full sunlight; night
temperatures above 60° F., Optimum day 70~75° F.; prOpagated
by cuttings, in sand, kept not too wet; pinching induces
branching.
‘Uses: Excellent window plants; good in windowbox or garden
as well as a house plant.
Sources: Greene-Herb Gardens

Hav'alook Gardens

Roy A. Baird Flower Gardens

The Tooles

West Los Angeles Nursery

North Street Greenhouses (varieties)

155

   
  

  
       
    

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156

Pelliopig pulchga, N.E. Br. in Gard. Chron. (1882) II. 712.
Family: Urticaceae '

Common name: Cecil Vine

Description: Prostrate creeping herb, to 18" or more long,
rooting at the nodes; stems reddish-brown: leaves alternate,
obliquely elliptic or lance-elliptic to 1%" long; to lanceolate
on mature stems and 5" long, acute, bases cordate, margins
crenate to wavy, slightly undulating, glabrous, upper surface
pale green with wide irregular black margins, midrib and
primary veins black-green, mature leaves pale green with
irregular black border only, (sometimes entirely cappery black-
green above), pale beneath with prominent reddish veins, thick
and subcoriaceous; scarcely any petiole at all, with persistent
reddish stipules to 3/8“ long, these lanceolate and acuminate;
new leaves reddish-black bordered and veined: flowering in
fall; inflorescence an umbel-like compound cyme, axillary,
about 1' across, on fleshy reddish peduncles to 4” long or
more; flowers small, unisexual; staminate flowers with 4-5-
parted calyx, anthers 4-5, pink; pistillate flowers minute

and few, 2-4 parted. - Cochin-China.

Culture: Any good, porous soil; constant soil moisture;
indirect light of moderate intensity; temperatures above

60-65° F.; prOpagated by tip cuttings rooted in water or

sand; maintain medium nutrition.

'Uses: Fancy, small plant for an eighteenth century drawing

room on a small table (see picture) or the secretary; in

157

small areas; creeping stems lend it to location not filled
by many other plants.
Sources: Julius Roehrs

Roy F. Wilcox

Shaffer Nurseries (listed as Pellionia 5p.)

 

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159

Peperomia florigana _Small in Torreya xxvi. (1926) 109.
var. agrea, Trel. in Bailey Man. Cult. P1. (1949) 318.

nggghgpgpg m floridanu , small in Man. Southeastern Fla.
(1953) 402.

Peperomig obtusifolia Eggiggaga, Hort.
Family: Piperaceae
Common.name: Variegated Peperomia
Description: Stems erect to decumbent in age, rooting at
the nodes, rather stout, zigzag: leaves alternate, rather
obovate to suborbicular, to 4' long, retuse, sometimes simply
obtuse, bases cuneate, margins entire or slightly wavy,
glabrous, the new leaves with a wide yellow zone on either
side of the mottled green area adjacent to the midrib, under-
surface white, flecked with small green dots; yellow color
.fading in age; somewhat fleshy, and rather brittle; petioles
short (less than.l”), reddish; freely branching, stems often
:matted: flowers in very slender terminal Spikes 2-4' long,
green and minute, not ornamental; peduncle reddish, to 1%“
,long. - Florida, U.S.A.
Culture: Open, peaty soil with excellent drainage; plenty
of water, but in winter, carefully, or roots may rot; shade
.required; temperature above 65° F.; propagation from stem
sections, terminal cuttings, or leaves, in sand.
'USes: Ideal for combination planters; singly on.small tables,
or’the desk; variegated foliage adds interest in almost any
situation.

Sources: ' (listed as obtusifoliavariegata)
Julius Roehrs

Shaffer Nurseries

 

 

 

 

 

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160

 

PEPEhCZI} CPTUSIFOLIA

 

161

Peperomia obtusifolia, A. Dietr. in Sp. Pl. 1. 154.
Pipeg_obtusifo;ia,_L. in Spec. 42.

Rhynchophom obtusifolium, Small in Man. Southeastern
Fla. (1933) 401.

Family: Piperaceae
Common name: Common Peperomia
Description: Very similar to the preceding, stems to 2' long
in age, streaked reddish; leaves obovate to rhomboid-obovate,
dark green.and shining above, pale beneath; rarely branching
naturally except from the base; otherwise identical. -
Trop. Amer.
Culture: See Peperomia floridana agree; pinching to induce
branching of this Species may be necessary.
Uses: Useful for the solid green.leaves in places not suited
to the variegated sort; see _13. floridana w.
Sources: Royal Palm Nurseries

Julius Roehrs

Shaffer Nurseries

Glen St. Mary Nursery

John's (wholesale only)

162

 

quMIA SANDE.

V" fl
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165

Peperomia,Sandersii,flC.DC. in DC. Prod. Syst. Nat. xvi. I.
(1869) 400.
var. argyreig, Bailey in Man. Cult. P1. (1949) 518.

'3. arifolig, Hort.
var. argyreia,Hort. (not Miq.)

2. macglosa, Hort. (not Dietr.)

Family: Piperaceae
Common name: Watermelon Begonia
Description: More or less stemless, perennial herb, leaves
all crowded on a very short caudex: leaves round-ovate, to
about 3" long, acute, peltate. or sometime bases Split at
maturity, thick and more or less fleshy, glabrous, dark green
with parallel bands of silvery-green between the 5-9 main
palmate veins; petioles stout, dark red, longer than the
blade: flowers green, minute, dense in very slender terminal
branched spikes to 4" long, on short red peduncles; not
ornamental. - Brazil.
Culture: Propagation possible only by leaf cuttings, in
sand with bottom heat; see 2. floridana am for other details.
Uses: In combination pots; Specimens may find usage in
places suited to a small plant, in any type of design;
blends well in period furnishings (in an appropriate
container).
Sources: F. H. Riegelmeir (wholesale only) '

Julius Roehrs

Roy F. Wilcox

164

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

PHILODENDRON DUBIUM

165

Philodendron dubium, Chod. & Visch. in Bull. Soc. Bot.
Geneva 1919. Ser. II. xi. (1920) 295.

Family: Araceae

Common name: Cut-Leaf Philodendron

Description: Procumbent or a climbing vine, stems stout:
leaves deltoid-sagittate, to 9" long, 7-9 pinnately parted,
segments linear, acute, the two basal ones bifid, the
terminal one wavy margined to S-lobed; glabrous, green and
Shining; main veins prominent, midrib wide; petioles long,
more or less terete, about twice as long as the blade, and
bent abruptly at Junction with the blade; producing aerial
roots at each node: terminal bud rather large, covered by
a light-colored sheath; lateral buds not exposed, forming
a blister at each node: apparently not flowering in
cultivation. - Paraguay.

Culture: Any good porous soil, and good drainage; constant
soil moisture; dry atmosphere is not a problem, but grow
best with high humidity; light should be reduced, but a
good source of indirect light is desirable; good quality
artificial light has been found satisfactory; temperatures
above 65° F. are preferred, tolerating 80-850 F. well;
propagation by stem sections in sand, or aerial layers of
stem tips. _E. ngium useful only in small sizes; the long

internodes of a vining Specimen render it useless; thus no

support needed.

Uses: Small plants excellent as table Specimens, as illustrated.

 

Sources:

166

Robert Craig & Co.

F. H. Riegelmeir (Wholesale only)
Julius Roehrs

Royal Palm Nurseries

Shaffer Nurseries

Roy F. Wilcox

167

 

 

 

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PHILODENDRCN ERUBEBCENS

168

[Philogendgon eggbesgens,_0. Koch & Augustin in Syn. Aroid.
(1856) 88.

Family: Araceae

Common name: Blushing Philodendron

Description: Tall climber, with thick purplish stem: leaves
to 12" long, cordate, basal lobes large,’tips acute, bristle-
tipped, glabrous, green and shining, midrib wide, with 6
prominent lateral veins; margins slightly undulating, reddish;
petiole about the same length at the blade,bent abruptly Where
it joins the blade, purplish, with a small groove on the
upper surface 1-2' long, at the proximal end; bases not
sheathing; terminal bud.large and red; aerial roots produced
at each node; axillary buds hidden except for a red dot on
the Opposite side of the stem from the petiole attachment,
Just above the node, %" in diameter; leaves obviously 3-ranked:
flowers not produced in cultivation, apparently. - Colombia.
Culture: see Philodendron dubigg.

'Uses: Large, but smaller than Monstera, fitting situations
intermediate between that giant and the small vining Species,
where reddish cast of foliage is desirable; on floor in home,
or as shown (at landing of staircase); not large enough for
hotel lobbies or public places.

Sources: Julius Roehrs

Roy F. Wilcox

169

 

PHILODZNDRCN HASTATUM

170

Philodendron hastatum, C. Koch & Sellow in Pflanzenreich
ix. (1913) 86.

it hastifolium, C. Koch & Sellow (not Regel) in Mart. Fl.
Brazil. III. 2. (1878) 162.

Family: Araceae

Common name: Spade-Leaf Philodendron

Description: Procumbent, becoming a climbing vine; caudex
thick; glabrous throughout: leaves long ovate-cordate to
lance-cordate, or may be described as sagittate with rounded
basal lobes, long-tapering, acuminate, margins entire,
undulating, glabrous, green and shining, midrib wide and
prominent, lateral veins inconspicuous; petioles stout, more
or less terete, bent abruptly at Junction with blade, bases
not sheathing; lateral buds concealed under the stem tissue,
indicated by a small blister Just above each node: flowers
apparently not produced in cultivation. - Equador; Brazil.
Culture: see Philodendggphdubium.

'Uses: One of best philodendrons; smaller plants almost
anywhere as a specimen; in combination pots of aroids, as
:floor Specimens; in interior sunken gardens.

Sources: Julius Roehrs

Roy F. Wilcox

1'71

 

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172

Philodendrog imbe,_Schott in Syn Aroid. (1856) 98.

E. Sellowianum, Kunth (Not C. Koch) in Enum. Plant. III.
(1844) so.

2, callaefoliumI Hort.
Family: Araceae
Common name: Arrow-Leaf Philodendron (suggested)
Description: Very large climber, to great length: leaf blade
to 5' long, 15' or more wide, long ovate-cordate to lance-
cordate, the basal lobes projecting 6' beyond petiole attach-
ment, tips acuminate, margins entire, undulating, glabrous,
medium green and Shining above, midrib prominent, about 7
pairs primary lateral veins, all veins on either side of
midrib parallel; petioles to 2' or more, flat on upper (inner)
surface rounded beneath, not channeled, except in lower 5',
the sides overlapping and appearing as a.suture; stem stout,
cylindrical lateral buds concealed in stem tissue, appearing
as pale green Spots Just above each node, on the reverse side
from the leaf attachment; stout brown aerial roots produced
Just below each node; petioles and terminal bud sheath
irregularly Sparsely dotted with small, elongate, purple
Spots: - a distinguishing feature: flowers axillary, to
6' long; spathe green, thick and persistent, opening but
little; Spadix shorter, white. - So. Brazil.
Culture: see Ehilodendgon dubium.
'Uses: Very large; wherever such a large type feasible; in

:front of fireplace when it not in use, as pictured.

Sources: No growers listed.

173

 

 

FHILCDENDRON OXYCARDIUM

174

Philodendron o cardium, Schott in Syn. Aroid. (1856) 82.
'2. Isertianum, Schott in Prodr. (1860) 242.
‘2. cro ardi , Schott in Qatar. Bot. Zeit. (1858) 179.
'2. gordatum, Hort.
Family: Araceae ‘
Common name: Heart-Leaf Philodendron
(Note: The most common house plant in use today in America,
it is mistakedly known as;§.;ggggg§pgg which is native to
Brazil, and the one pictured here comes from Puerto Rico.)
Description: Climbing vine; stem smooth, slender, glabrous
throughout; internodes rather long: leaves broadly ovate-
cordate, tips acuminate and rather abruptly bristle-tipped,
basal lobes semiorbicular, separated by an acute or obtuse
parabolic sinus, margins entire, midrib rather thick, with
5 basal primary lateral veins, and 2-5 in the upper part of
the blade, subcoriaceous, not so thick as in the true £5
cordatum, green; petioles subterete and slightly channeled,
‘bases not sheathing; slender, brownish aerial roots produced
at each node; new leaves petioles, and terminal bud sheath
tinted reddish; apparently not flowering in cultivation. -
Puerto Rico and other Carribean 1515.
Culture: see Philogeggzog‘dubium.‘ Propagation by stem
cuttings,very satisfactory for 2, oxycagdium.
Uses: Innumerable; the best known foliage plant and most
used plant in the American home today; grow in water on the

coffee table or end table; in hanging baskets or wall containers;

H

175

ideally grown (in soil) as totem poles, large ones used on
the.floor, small ones on the office desk, etc.; also in
combination pots (totem poles).
Sources: Robert Craig & Co.

John's (wholesale only)

Julius Roehrs

Roy F. Wilcox

State Nursery & Seed Co.

176

 

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NDRON PANDURAEFORLr

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4.1

PHILCD"

177

Philodendron pandgraefogme, H.B.K. in Kunth Enum. Plant.
ii. (1857) 51.

Pothog papdgraeformis, Humb & Kunth in Nov. Gen. 1. 78.
Family: Araceae
Common name: Fiddle-Leaf Philodendron
Description: A large climber, glabrous throughout: leaves
more or less panduriform, blade held almost horizontal, 12'
or more long, basal lobes hastate, a sinus between, the
width at the base maintained in about one half to one-third
the length toward the apex, then reduced, the terminal lobe
thus formed obovate-oblong, tip cuSpidate, blade coriaceous,
bright dark green and shining, primary lateral veins many
.from a rather thick midrib; petioles longer than blade, more
or less terete; brown aerial roots produced at each node;
lateral buds concealed in the tissue ofthe stout stem at

each node: not flowering at a pot plant. - venezuela.

Culture: see Philodendron dubigm.
'USes: One of the most beautiful philodendrons; unique leaf

shape; decidedly for contemporary homes, but good in other
places; large, and best as a Specimen; see picture.
Sources: Julius Roehrs

Roy F. Wilcox

 

 

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178

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PHILODCKDRCN TITTIVRI

179

Philodegdgon Pittigri, Engl. in Engler's Bot. Jahrb. xxvi.
(1899) 541.

Family: Araceae

Common name: Shield-Leaf Philodendron

Description: Climbing vine; stems dark green, producing
Slender aerial roots at nodes: leaves to 12" long, ovate
to ovate-rotund, bases obtuse-truncate to cordate, margins
entire, tips cuspidate, green, glaucescent, veins parallel
from the midrib, close together, leaf surface slightly
striate; petioles shorter than the blades, canaliculate

in the proximal two-thirds of length, expanding at base
and sheathing stem at nodes: apparently not flowering in
cultivation. — Costa Rica

Culture: see Philogengron dubigg.

Uses: A relatively small Species; grown 2 stems to a pot,
an excellent specimen on table or radio; see illustration.

Sources: Julius Roehrs.

180

 

PHILODENDRON VERRUCOSUM

131

Epilodendron verrucosgg, Mathieu in.Syn. Aroid. (1856) 85.
‘2. daggenéfii Linden & Andre in Illus. Hort. (1871) 192 t. 79.

£5 Carder , Hort. in Garden xvii. (1880) 565.

.2. Lingenii, Hort. ex Schott (Kerner & Oliver in) Nat. Hist.
Pl. 1. (1894) 224.

Family: Araceae

Common name: Crystal Sheen Philodendron

Description: Climbing vine; stems thick, but weak, clinging

to support by aerial roots produced at each node: leaves to
10' long, 7' wide, ovate-cordate, shimmering green, Opalescent,
a bronze cast in the new leaves, tapering quickly to a short
point at the apex, veins pale, sunken and prominent, midrib

of the new leaves red toward the base where it is fused with
the deep red petioles, fading green in age; petioles roughened,
eSpecially toward the blade, with fleshy bristles, darker in
age, same length as blade, bend abruptly where it Joins the
leaf blade; stems and pointed terminal bud scabrous, the
terminal-bud sheaths persistent at each node; a handsome
plant: apparently not flowering in cultivation. - Trop. So. Amer.
Culture: see fihilodendmgdubiugg. _E. verrucospm considered
‘tender, but more hardy if grown at night temperature of 50° F.,
and.day not exceeding 75° F.

‘Uses: One of prettier Species, the glimmering leaves of
.medium size; suitable as a small Specimen, as shown, on.top

of bookshelves, or as a table Specimen, grown on a backing.

Sources: Julius Roehrs

”—
-

 

182

Ebmmb< EDHQOmmAma

 

 

185

Phlebodiug aureum, J. Smith in Rev. Hort. Belge, i. (1875) 105.

Polypodium aureum, L. (Koenig & Sims in) Ann. Bot. i.
(1804) t. 1.

,2. laucum, Hort. ex SW. (Koenig & Sims in) Ann. Bot. ii.
(1805) t. 9, fig. 6.

Family: Polypodiaceae

Common name: Hares-foot Fern; Polypodium

Description: Stout fern to 5-4', with coarse fronds, on long
purple-brown, glaucous stipes arising from thick rhizomes
which are covered with thick, coarse tawny scaly-hairs at the
soil surface: blade broad-oblong in outline, to l' or more
across, deeply pinnatifid with obtuse sinuses, often entirely
pinnate in lower half, light green or glaucous blue-green,

the segments linear-oblong, alternate, l~2' wide, the terminal
one much larger than others, acuminate, with purple main veins,
:margins wavy and undulating, veins anastomosing, not free,
:forming triangles with the midrib without included veinlets,
and a small triangle within each from the midrib, and 2 veinlets
connecting the larger triangles at their apex: sori golden,
llarge, in 2 approximate rows on either side of mddveins, and
contiguous with those of the other segments above, where

'blade is only pinnatifid. - TrOp. amer.

Culture: see Cyrtomium falcgtum.

Uses: Best as a cut foliage, in arrangements in water with
certain flowers; also in Sprays, etc., but short lived;

‘waxzemmlsions will improve keeping qualities.

.lll jD.‘

 

 

 

Sources:

184

(cut)

Flowers of Hawaii, Ltd.
(plants)

J. F. Anderson (wholesale only)
Royal Palm Nurseries

Julius Roehrs (h.v. 'Manda')

185

 

PHCLNIX LOUREIRI

 

186

ghggg;x_Loureizi,Kunth in Enum. Plant. iii. (1841) 257.

.2. Roebelenii, O'Brien in Bailey Stand. Cycl. Hort. iii.
(1947) 2594.

gt humilis, Boyle in Illustr. Bot. Himal. 594.

Family: Palmaceae

Common name: Phoenix Palm

Description: To 6', with one or more trunks; as usually seen,

with one trunk, to about 5"tall; Of fine texture, with

leaves about 1' long;petioles short, pinnae many, Opposite

or more or less fascicled, 5-7' long, mostly falcate, dark

green.and shining, soft-textured, tips not Sharp; Spines on

petioles slender and weak: not.flowering as a pot plant. -

Burma; Cochin-China.

Culture: Rich soil; maintain average nitrogen level during

growing season; plenty of moisture, high humidity preferred;

furnish some shade; temperatures above 60° F.; but can.endure

hot sun, dry atmOSphere, and neglect well; propagated by

suckers or seed.

Uses: Very desirable house plant for its resistance to hard

‘usage; soft texture lends beauty wherever used, especially

in a Victorian room, or with other period furnishings;

.larger plants are useful as tub Specimens.

Sources: (listed as 2, humilig ou i lor 2, goebeleni)
Robert Craig & Co. Roy F. Wilcox
Florida Nursery and Landscape CO. Julius Roehrs
Glen St. Mary Nursery Royal Palm Nurseries
Shaffer Nurseries (also seed) Rex D. Pearce (seed)

John's (wholesale only) F.W.Schumacher (seed)

in ..

:10.

.

 

 

 

187

¢H¢moDAO>ZH «mAHm

 

158

§il§§.involucgata, (Sims) Urban in Symb. Antill. i. (1899) 298.
Urtigg involucr ta, Sims in Bot. Mag. 51. (1824) 2481.

Pgleg chgySOSQlenioiges,_Wedd. in Ann. Sci. Nat. III. Bot.
xviii. (1852) 251.

E5 pubescegg var. involggrgtg, Wedd. in DC. Prod. Syst. Nat.
xvi. (1869) 155.

Family: Urticaceae
Common name: Panamigo
Description: Small perennial herb, stems upright or prostrate
only at base, hirsute, to 5' tall, much branched: leaves
Opposite, elliptic-rotund to obovate, to 1 5/4' long, obtuse
to scarcely acute, bases obtuse, 5 primary veins palmate,
sunken above, surface rugose-reticulate, dark copper-green
above, densely hirsute, purple beneath, and pubescent,
eSpecially along veins, margins crenate-serrate: flowers
occasionally; inflorescence terminal, a dense cyme, flowers
very small, monoecious. - West Indies.
Culture: Any good soil mixture; adundant moisture, but with
good drainage; some Shade best; temperatures about 65° F.
or warmer; prOpagation by stem cuttings.
Uses: makes a fine plant for the coffee table, its foliage
often hanging over and hiding the container, as shown; may
be used in combination planters.
Sources: Glen St. Mary Nursery

UStler Bros. (wholesale only)

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189

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190

Pileg microphylla. (L.) Liebm. in Dansk. Vid. Selsk. Skr.
v. 11. (1851) 296.

Pgigtgriamicrophyllgt L. in Syst. Nat. ed. 10. (1759) 1508.

Urtica callitrichoideg, H.B.K. in Nov. Gen. 8: Sp. ii. (1817) 40.

_P_i_l_e_a_ muscosa, Lindl. in Coll. Bot. (1821) t. 4.

_P_. gallitrichoiges, Kunth in Ind. Sem. Hort. Berol. xii. (1846).

_P_. serphyllifoligpliort. (not Wedd.)
Family: Urticaceae
Common name: Artillery Plant
Description: much-branched annual herb, erect to prostrate,
to 1' tall, stems succulent: leaves opposite, of 2 Sizes,
the larger ones to 7/16' long and 5/16" wide; Spatulate and
Oblique, acute, bases cuneate, entire, glabrous, bright green,
somewhat succulent, on petioles Shorter than blade; smaller
leaves Opposite, and several at a node, about half as large:
flowers unisexual, pinkish, in dense axillary clusters,
shorter than the leaves, not ornamental. - TrOp. Amer.
Culture: see Eilgg involggrata; prOpagation of _P. miggophzllg
by seed.
Uses: In low, flat container, a fine plant for the coffee
table; anywhere that it will be looked down upon, in small
situations.
Sources: Royal Palm Nurseries

Shaffer Nurseries
Julius Roehrs

 

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PITTC'SPORUM TOBIRA

192

Pittosgoggg Tobirg, Ait. (Dryand in) Ait. Hort. Kew. ed.
II. 11. 27.

Family: PittOSporaceae

Common name: Japanese PittOSporum

Description: Evergreen shrub to 20': leaves alternate,
crowded at the distil end of each year's growth, Spatulate-
Obovate, to 6'' long, apex obtuse, bases cuneate, to a Short
petiole less than 1" long, margins more or less entire, or
very slightly scalloped, and revolute; new leaves green and
shining, tawny pubescent above and along margins, glabrous
below; petioles and new stems as well as l-year stems tawny
tomentose, but leaves becoming glabrous; branching in
fascicles, 1-12 from one point; Older stems gray-brown:
inflorescence an umbel, terminal; flowers greenish-White,
about 9;" long, fragrant. - China; Japan.

Culture: Any good porous soil; constant moisture; full sun,
tolerating partial Shade well; temperatures above 55° F.;
,propagated by half-mature stem cuttings; seed do not
germinate well.

‘Uses: Small rooted cuttings used in combination planters,
eSpecially the variegated form; possibility as small single

Specimen as shown.

Sources: Armstrong Nurseries (h.v. 'WhiteSpot')
W. B. Clarke & Son Coolidge Rare Plant
Gardens

Royal Palm Nurseries
Griffing Nurseries

Semmes Nurseries (wholesale only)

Florida Nursery &
(seed) Landscape Co.
Herbst Bros.Inc.(wholesa1e only) Glen St. Mary Nursery

F. W. Schumacher Overlook Nurseries

 

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PCDOCARPUS MACROPHYLLA var. MAKI

 

194

Podocarpus macrophylla, Don. in Lamb. Gen. Pin. ed. I.
(1824) 11. 22.

var. Maki, Endl. in Bailey Man. Cult. P1. (1949) 101.
'2. ghinensis, Sweet in Hort. Brit. ed. I. 571.
2; ghinensis, Wall. in Cat. n. 6051.

2. Japonicus, Sieb. (Hoopes in) The Book of Evergreens
(1868) 596.

.3. lo ifolia, Hort. ex Gord. in Pinet. 278.

_P_. lgngifolgg, Hort. ex Carr. in Conif. ed. II. 665.
Family: Podocarpaceae
Common name: Podocarpus
Description: Much branched evergreen tree, to 50': leaves
alternate, many on a stem and close together, linear, to 5%”
long, a- wide (5/8' on some shoots) obtusish, bases cuneate
to a point, but sessile (not petiolate, or scarcely so),
- margins entire, dark green and shining above, bright light
green beneath, midrib raised and prominent above, leaves some-
what recurved; woody stems erect, brown, the bark shallowly
.fissured, somewhat flaking off: not flowering as a tub
Specimen. - Japan. I
Culture: Well-drained sandy loam with some peat; constant
moisture; reduced or full sunlight; temperatures above 60° F.;
propagation by seed, or cuttings of almost mature stem tissue;
sometimes grafted on available stock.
'Uses: Primarily a cut foliage; leaf characteristics not
:found in any other available greens; blends well with

carnations and certain other flowers. Plants may be used,

195

eSpecially tall, tub Specimens,where a small tree is preferred

in design - useful even as a living Xmas tree; in store window

decorations.

Sources: Glen St. Mary Nursery
Edwin A. Menninger
Royal Palm Nurseries

Semmes Nurseries (wholesale only)

196

 

ALEOLINEATA

TICA var.

197

Pt___e_____ris cretica, L. in Lowe' s Ferns 111. (1857) t. 45.
”val. glbolineata, Hook. in Bot. Mag. lxxxvi. (1860) t. 5194.

Family: Polypodiaceae

Common name: Striped Pteris Fern

DeScription: Rather small fern: fronds Spreading, to 10" long
or more, stipe and rachis grooved above, very stiff, brownish;
Odd-pinnate, upper pair of pinnae very slightly decurrent below;
pinnae generally 5, Opposite, the lower ones bifid from the
short stalk, appearing as 4, the upper segment about 5%‘ long,
more or less linear, the lower about 1%”, obliquely elliptic;
upper pinnae 5%" long, and linear; the terminal pinna to 6'
long, long-linear, cuneate, about 5/4" wide; margins of all
irregularly serrate, number of notches greatest toward the
apex, midvein prominent, green, a whitish strip down the center
of each segment, the outer zone bright light green, side veins
.parallel, perpendicular to the midvine, and prominent to the
margins. - CosmOpOlitan in tropics.

(hilture: Propagated from creeping rhizomes; see Cyrtomiug
talcgtgg for other details.

Uses: A good house fern; eSpecially good in large terraria,
or otherwise, e.g. as shown.

Ekn1rces: J. F. Anderson (wholesale only)

198

 

 

 

199

Rhododendron maximum, L. in Sp. P1. (1755) 592.

 

Family: Ericaceae

Common name: Rose Bay

Description: Tall evergreen shrub to 50' or more: leaves
alternate, oblong-lanceolate to oblong, to 8” long, acute

at apex, cuneate at base, margins entire and somewhat

revolute, dark green above, very pale beneath, and tomentulose;
petioles to 1" long, pubescent, as are the young stems:

flowers terminal, in dense umbel-like racemes, the flowers
pedicelled; calyx 5-parted; corolla campanulate, deeply
5-lobed, rose or purple-pink, about 1%” across, upper petals
Spotted green to orange within, toward the base: winter buds
with many imbricate bract-like scales. - N.S. to Ga. and Ala.,
E. No. Amer.

Culture: Acid soil; prOpagation by graftage, seed, or layers.
Not cultivated as a house plant. Grown as a garden shrub.
Uses: Cut branches in large containers on.the floor, as
shown, beside fireplace, or in other Spacious settings,

alone, without flowers; particularly suited to many Situations;
may be blended with large flowers.

Sources: Kervan CO.

1!

 

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201

Sansevigria cylindrica, Bojer. in Revue Hort. (1861) 448, 450.
Family: Agavaceae
Common name: Snake Plant (suggested)
Description: More or less acaulescent herb 8-10 leaves to a
growth: leaves 2-ranked, terete, to 2%' or more long, bases-
spreading (expanding) and sheathing the subsequent leaves,
apex to a point, the tip scarious, striate-lined vertically,
dark green, and transversely banded with medium and light
green; new leaves erect, the older ones being pushed outward,
recurved from the base; new shoots from.the underground
rhizome: not flowering under greenhouse cultivation. -
Trop. Afr.
Culture: Rather heavy, clayey soil; only moderate soil
moisture, on the dry side; moderate light, tolerating
extremely low light well; temperature range 55-700 F.
,preferred; prOpagation by leaf sections in sand, or division.
'USes: Good in situations where silhouette will be emphasized -
its form is its main interest feature; see illustration;
possibly best in contemporary mode with oriental touch and
direct lighting for shadows.
Sources: Charles Cass

Cactus Pete

Fitzpatrick's Cactus Gardens

Royal Palm Nurseries

Shaffer Nurseries

HHzmwm wsHmmH>mmz<m

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203

Sansevieriajfiahnii, Hort. in How to Grow & Bloom House Plts.
4th ed. (1946) 25. t.p. 14.
Family: Agavaceae
Common name: Hahn's Sansevieria
(Note: The binomial cited has no botanical standing, and no
references have been located. The plant may be the Juvenile
form of some other species, but seems to remain in.this
”Juvenile” state constantly, indicating that it may be a
distinct Species.) '
Description: Small herb, leaves all basal,6-8 to a growth,
forming a rosette; about 6' high; new shoots produced from
the rhizome: leaves lance-elliptic, more or less aristate,
the tip subulate, bases narrowed, then sheathing, glabrous,.
dark green with transverse bands of light green on both
surfaces, concave on the face, margins entire: not observed
to flower in cultivation. (See next page for diagram of
cross section of leaf blade and rhizome.) - unknown.
Culture: See §§nsevieria cylindriga; prOpagation by
division only.
‘Uses: As shown; in combination planters for leaf color;
attractive because of form and small size.
Sources: Johnfls (wholesale only)

Oakhurst Gardens

Julius Roehrs

5‘3
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Cross section of leaf blade, petiole, and rhizome

of Sansevieria Hahnii.

 

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Cross section of 1) leaf blade, 2) petiole, and

3) rhizome of Sansevieria Laurentii 'Rosette' ;
(4 cross section of basal portion oI stem)

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Cross section of 1) leaf blade, 2) petiole, and
3) rhizome of Sansevieria trifasciata;_ (4 cross
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BOSETTE

SANSEVIERIA LAURENTII h.v.

206

Sansgvieria Lanrentii, Hort. ex‘Wall in How to Grow & Bloom

‘ House Plts. 4th ed. (1946) 25. t.p. l4.

h.v. 'Rosette', Hort. ex Wall. lit. cit.

Family: Agavaceae
Common name: Variegated Bowstring Hemp
Description: Erect herb, leaves all basal, 5-l0 in a cluster,
lé-Z' long, linear-lanceolate, 2~-2g~ wide, apex acuminate,
tips subulate, 5/8'-3/4“ long, green, soft, lower l/S narrowed,
channelled on the face, rounded on the back, the upper portion
more or less flat, very dark green, with transverse bands of
pale green, these fading in age, and a.yellow marginal stripe
on either side, of variable width on different leaves, and an
occasional additional narrow yellow stripe in the green zone,
parallel veined, midrib not apparent, very stiff, thick and
leathery, fibrous within, glabrous and shining; furrowed
especially on face, slightly behind; some leaves somewhat
Spirally twisted toward the apex: freely brandhing from the
rhizome, which often surfaces; rhizome 5/8“-7/8' thick,
orange-rust colored, with scarious bracts, larger leaf-like
bracts sheathing the cluster of leaves at base; new leaves
with border of pale green, becoming yellow in age: flowering
in Spring. (See previous page for diagrams of cross-sections
of leaf blade and rhizome.) - uncertain.
Culture: See Sansevieria gylindrica; however, propagation by
division only; leaf sections may not give striped leaf form,

reversion to the green.type may occur.

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Uses: In areas where height may be utilized, on low stands

or the floor; in combination planters, with aroids, eSpecially;
in combination plantings on tap of short walls for separation
of areas of the home, or place of business, as the office,

and showroom, living room and dining room, one dining room
from another in a restaurant, with other plants of various
forms. Use is too popular.

Sources: Frank Oeschlin

208

 

SENSEVIERIA TRIFASCIATA

209

§ansevi§gig tzifasciatg, Prain, (N.E.Br. in) Kew Bull.
(1915) 259-40.

fi, ze lanica, Hort.
Family: Agavaceae
Common name: Bowstring Hemp
Description: Erect herb, leaves all basal, 2-3 to a growth,
to 3' or more long, and 1-5/4'-2%' wide, lower portion of
leaves narrowed, fleshy thickened, concave on the face and/or
canaliculate, apex taper-pointed, the subulate tip l/S”-5/8"
long, parallel-veined, predominately very pale green with
medium green irregular transverse bands on either surface,
margins entire, undulating; rhizomes %"-1' thick, rusty-
orange-red, often surfacing, with leaf scars and scarious
bracts present, the tips turning up and forming.new Shoots,
the leaves sheathed at'base by larger, leaf-like bracts:
flowering in late Spring. (See previous diagrams of cross-
sections of leaf blade and rhizome.) - West. Trop. Afr.
(80. Nigeria).
Culture: Propagation by division only; leaf sections may
not give the striped leaf form, reverting to the green type;
otherwise as for §, gylindgica.
USes: Similar to the preceding, é, Laurentii 'Rosette'.
This plant as well as S, Lgurentii 'Rosette', is very
commonly used because of their availability and ability to
withstand lack of care in any situation; most effective if

'used alone and valued for vertical lines in interiors.

Sources:

810

(listed as S. zeylanigg)

The Cactus Gardens
William N. Craig

Julius Roehrs

John's (wholesale only)

211

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212

Saxifraga sarmentosa,_L. in Bot. Mag. iii. (1790) t. 92.

_s. it‘oloniffieigp Meerb. in Afbeeld. (1775) t. 2:5.

§. ligulata, Murr. in Comm. Goetting (1781) 26, t. 9.

s. chinensis, Lour. in F1.
Family: Saxifragaceae
Common name: Strawberry Begonia; Strawberry Geranium;
Strawberry Saxifrage.
Description: Perennial, small, stemless herbs, to 2 feet;
leaves all basal, orbicular-cordate, to 4 inches, coarsely
dentate, repand, green above, loosely hirsute, with silvery-
green veins, the undersurface densely pubescent, covered with
small red dots; petioles reddish, covered with a dense tawny
pubescence, bases sheathing: filiform stolons grow from.the
leaf axils. producing new plants at the tips, resembling the
strawberry: flowers white, pink in age, to 1 inch across,
produced in Spring, not very showy; the two lower petals
% inch long, the other three 3-4 times shorter; stamens lO;
inflorescence a bracted panicle, 6-24' tall. A double form
is known. - China, Japan. 1
Culture: Any good soil mixture of moderate nutrient level;
constant supply of soil moisture; shaded, tolerating very
.low light; temperature above 60.650 F. but frost-hardy;
propagation by offsets.
Uses: In combination planters and baskets; singly in low,
tiny containers in restricted Spaces; a growing centerpiece

for the dinner table, appears at its best when seen from

above.

Sources:

213

G. D. Aiken

Julius Roehrs

Shaffer Nurseries

R. A. Baird Flower Gardens

Roy F. Wilcox

214

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215

Schefflerg digitatg, Forst. in Char. Gen. 46.
Brassaia actinoghylla, Hort.

Family: Araliaceae
Common name: Schefflera
Description: Shrub to 26', branching somewhat: leaves
alternate, digitately compound, 7-10 leaflets (5-5 in
seedlings). these oblong-elliptic, to 7” long, the final
ones oblique, others with bases cuneate, apex acuminate,
margins entire or vaguely toothed, and slightly undulating
(early leaves serrate), green and shining, glabrous;
petioles long; caudex short and stout, the leaf blades held
high above the terminal bud, which is pointed and green:
flowers not observed. - N.Z.
Culture: Rich soil with some organic matter; moderate
moisture; some shade, tolerates reduced light well;
temperaturezabove 600 F.; propagation by seed or cuttings;
grow 2-3 plants to a pot or tub.
Uses: Large plants replacing the Kentia palm (ngg ) for
uses otherwise filled by it (see figwgg); Small plants as
Shown, and in combination planters; popularity increasing.
Sources: (listed as Brassaia agtinoghylla)

Royal Palm Nurseries

Island Landscape Co.

O.-

 

 

217

Scindapsus aureus, Engl. in Pflanzenreich (1908) 72.

Pothos aureus, Lind. ex Andre in Illus. Hort. xxvii. (1880)
69. t. 381.

Family: Araceae

Common name: Pothos, Solomon Islands Ivy-Arum

Description: Tall climber, glabrous; leaves broadly ovate to
rotund-ovate, cuSpidate, bases obtuse to cordate, glossy green,
halves somewhat unequal, flecked to blotched irregularly with
pale yellow, not always conspicuous, margins entire or slightly
'wavy, or sometimes lobed in mature plants; petioles canaliculate
on face along entire length, its margins drying brown, shorter
than the blade, often striped with yellow, bent abruptly at
'union with leaf blade, bases expanded, but encircling stem;
stem striate between nodes, green; more or less woody aerial
roots produced at each node: flowers not produced in
cultivation. - Solomon Islands.

(Note: This plant is known in the trade almost exclusively

as Pothos a e s,_but no Species of this name genus are known
to be in general cultivation in the U.S.)

Culture: Any good soil mixture; constant moisture; tolerates
low light well; temperature above 60° F.; propagated by stem
cuttings; pinch to induce branching; leaf size may be increased
by furnishing a support to which the aerial roots may cling,
thus forming an erect Specimen or a totem pole, use fernwood,

or cork back for support.

.

218

Uses: One of most frequent plants in cultivation, due
probably to extreme tolerance of house conditions. On
coffee table, or bookshelf, in.hanging wall bracket, or
on windowsill as pictured, as a small vining plant; taller
totem poles, eSpecially utilizing other Species (combination
pots) desirable on floor; shorter ones on low tables.
Sources:. Julius Roehrs

Royal Palm Nurseries

Shaffer Nurseries

219

 

E QUEEN

JARBL

I

SCINDAPSUS PICTUS h.v.

220

Scindapsus ictus, Hassk. in Pflanzenreich.(l908) 72.

h.v. 'Marble Queen'
Family: Araceae
Common name: Pothos 'Marble Queen'
Description: Climber or trailing vine; freely branching:
leaves ovate, tapering to a short point, bases mostly cordate,
halves more or less unequal, variegated pure white and Shades
of green, glabrous, margins entire, petioles shorter than.the
blade, bent abruptly where it joins the blade, the proximal
two-thirds canaliculate, the bases sheathing the stem at the
node; stem green and white striped, striate in the internodes;
aerial roots produced at each node: apparently not flowering
in cultivation. - a Sport from the Species, cult.
Culture: see §, agreus.
Uses: Similar to S, aureus; its effect is quite different,
and unique. Suggested use in such decor as illustrated; may
augment designs with a Chinese mood.

Sources: Julius Roehrs

 

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222
Selaginella Kraussiana, Braun. in Bailey Man. Cult. Pl.
(1949) 96.

S, Jgponiga, Miq. (not Moore) in Florist (1877) 157, 158.
Family: Selaginellaceae
Common name: Moss Selaginella; Irish Moss
Description: Small herb, moss-like, creeping; freely branching
in an alternate fashion; roots at articulations where branches
arise: leaves 4-ranked, of two kinds, those of the lower plane
about 1/8” long, lanceolate to lance-oblong, acute, bases
obtuse, margins minutely serrulate-Spiny, midrib scarcely
perceptible; leaves of upper plane small, 1/16' long, lanceo-
late, acuminate, midrib quite apparent beneath; all glabrous,
bright green; tips of stems forked, with leaves very close
together, exceeding the growing tip. ~ Azores to So. Afr.
Culture: Light, sandy soil; abundant moisture, and high
humidity; shady position; temperatures above 65° F.;
propagation by cuttings lg” long planted directly into small
pots.
Uses: Not suggested for growing in place as pictured, but
may be located anywhere as a Specimen when entertaining;
most desirable in terraria. conservatories, or wherever high
humidity is supplied.

Sources: Julius Roehrs

 

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Senecio mikanioideS, Otto ex Walp. in Bailey Stand. Cycl.
Hort. III. (l947) 3l60.

S, scandens, DC. in DC. Prod. Syst. Nat. xi. (1857) 404.

Family: Compositae
Common name: German.Ivy
Description: (As seen, a decumbent creeper, but becoming a
woody twining vine to 16' or more, freely branching: leaves
broadly ovate to rotund, variously shallowly lobed or angle-
notched, the margins rounded between points, blade about
2%” long, bright green and shining above, thin, glabrous
except for margins, which are ciliate with fine hairs, 7-9
palmately veined, basal lobes extended far beyond petiole
attachment, a sinus between them; stipules persistent, rotund
to reniform (1/8" diameter), green; petioles about as long
as blade: not observed to flower as a pot plant. - unknown.
Culture: Any good, porous soil mixture; constant abundant
moisture; reduced light; temperatures above 50° F.;
prOpagation by stem cuttings; pinch often to maintain shape
of plant.
Uses: Excellent house pot plant; lovely small Specimen on
coffee table, in window, or as pictured, more often larger,
grows rapidly.
Sources: (as S, gonfgsus)

Royal Palm Nurseries

Shaffer Nurseries

Milton.Jack

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225

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226

Spathipgyllum Patini,N.E.Br. in Gard. Chron. ii. (1878) 783.
S, cggdidum, N.E.Br. in Florist (1879) 19.
Family: Araceae
Common name: Spathiphyllum
Description: Stemless, or with very Short caudex: leaves to
18" long; the blade about 10‘ long, petioles Just Slightly
shorter on mature leaves; blade narrowly lanceolate to oblong-
lanceolate, green and shining, long taper-pointed to the apex,
bases cuneate, midrib and 7-9 pairs of primary lateral veins
sunken and prominent, margins entire and undulating, glabrous;
petioles slender, thickened somewhat at the Junction with the
blade, strongly canaliculate in the lower two-thirds, the new
leaves and flowers arising from the unexpanded channel of the
previous leaf: flowering freely; peduncles about the Same
length as leaves, the flowers showy above the foliage; Spathe
oblong-lanCeolate, white, with venation same as in leaves, to
5 inches long, tips acuminate, margins entire, held upright,
wide Open, rather concave behind the stipitate Spadix, which
is held erect, arising from the surface of the Spathe, about
5/8'I from the proximal end of the midrib, about 1/5 the length
of Spathe; small flowers all bisexual, pistils large and conical,
giving Spadix the appearance of an elongated Spiked mace. -
Colombia.
Culture: Soil of fibrous loam, leaf-mold, peat, and some sand
and charcoal; constant moisture; prefers high humidity;

diffused or indirect light; temperatures above 60° F.;

prOpagation by division.

227

Uses: Plants not suggested for usage; cut leaves blend
exceedingly well with own flowers; ideal for arrangement
for viewing from all sides, as a unique centerpiece when
table not in use; requires a minimum of flowers; off-white
flowers effective against dark walls or draperies.
Sources: (plants, listed as S, floribgngum)

Julius Roehrs

Hav'alook Gardens

 

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SPIRONEMA F

 

229

Spironema frggrans, Lindl. in Bot. Reg. (1840) t.47.

Family: Commelinaceae

Common name: Creeping Spiral-Leaf (suggested)

Description: Perennial herb, stem thick and fleshy, hanging,
internodes Short: leaves to l2‘ long and 6" wide, oblong-
linear, acute, bases united around stem, the sheath 3/4" long,
hairy at the tip; margins entire, purplish, undulating toward
tip, parallel veined, light green, smooth and shining above,
pale below; new leaves purplish toward the center as well,
fading in age; axillary buds on lower stem breaking, producing
stout filiform runners, these striate-purple and green, with
reduced leaves about 1” long, internodes long, decumbent, to
5' or so, the tip of each, eventually becoming erect, rooting,
and forming an offset. - Mexico.

Culture: Light porous soil; keep on dry side; bright sunlight;
temperatures above 600 F.; propagation by offsets; if stem too
long, cut off tip and reroot.

Uses: Good in the window garden for its interesting form.

Sources: No sources known.

r. -.

 

 

250

 

 

 

SYNGONIUM AURITUM

231

Syngonium augitum, EL.) Schott in Kunth Enum. Plant. III.
1841 46.

gm; auritum, L. in 3,3. Pl. ed. 2 (17623) 1371.
Qaladigm auritum, Vent. ex Willd. Spec. IV. (1806) 491.
Syggonium Plumieri, Schott in DC. Prodr. Syst. Nat. (1860) 206.
Philodendron auritum, Hort.
Family: Araceae
Common name: Syngonium
(Note: The name seems to be in great confusion, known in the
trade as Philodendron auritum and Syggonium,'auretum" and
possibly others, as well as S, auritum.)
Description: Procumbent at first, becoming a stout vine; sap
milky; stem thick, producing stout, brown aerial roots at each
node: leaves shining, dark green, 6-6 foliate, main lateral
leaflets stalked, 5-foliate by the twisting outward of the
basal lobes of the lateral leaflets; central lobe to 8” long
or more, main laterals to 5', and the 2 smallest to 1-3/4“,
margins entire; petioles sheathing stem at nodes, strongly
canaliculate along proximal three-fourths; leaflet halves
unequal in size. A handsome plant. - Mexico; Haiti; Jamaica;
Brazil.
Culture: High humidity desirable; easily injured by miscible
wax or oil foliage cleaners; otherwise as for Philodegdron
dubium.
Uses: Definite limitations; not well suited for dry atmOSphere

of homes; an excellent Specimen alone as illustrated, or in

 

I...

 

232

combination planters, worth the effort to try to grow;
cannot be surpassed for beauty of luxuriant foliage.
Sources: Julius Roehrs (listed as Philodendron auritum)

Shaffer Nurseries (as S. aretum)

Roy F. Wilcox (as Philodendron trifoliatum)

70

Or.

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234

Syggonium_pggpphyllum,_Schott in Syn. Aroid. (1866) 68.
‘s, salvadorense, Schott in Oster. Bot. Zeit. viii. (1868) 178.

Family: Araceae
Common name: Nephthytis; African Evergreen
(Note: Called Nephtgytis Liberica or H, Afzelii in the
florists' trade, but none of the Species of the true Nephthytis
are known to be cultivated.)
Description: Climbing or creeping vine, to great lengths;
sap milky: leaves of two types; Juvenile growth sagittate
to deltoid, or appearing S-lobed or hastate by the Spreading
outward of the basal lobes, to 10" long, tips acute; adult
growth becoming palmately 5-lobed, to l' or more across, the
lower 2 lobes on either Side on a single stalk, final ones
smallest, apical (anterior) lobe largest, all lobes obliquely
elliptic, tips blunt or mucronate, green.and dull above, paler
beneath; petioles twice as long as blade, expanded and
canaliculate in the proximal half, sheathing the stem at the
node; new leaves pushing out from the channelled portion of
the petiole of the previous leaf: apparently not flowering
in cultivation. - Mexico.
Culture: Similar to Philpggndron,dubium.
Uses: Similar to Sgindapsgs; its arrow-shaped leaves are most
interesting; beautiful as shown, alone.
Sources: Beldt‘s Aquarium

John's (wholesale only)

Julius Roehrs

Royal Palm Nurseries

 

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236

Syngonium_podoghyllum, Scott. in Syn. Aroid. (1866) 68.
var. ggbolineatum (Hort.) Engl. in Pflanzenreich
lxxi. (1920) 129.
S, glboligeatum, Hort. in Engl. Arac. n. 243.

S, podoghyllum triphyllg, Hort. ex Nash. in Stand. Cycl.
Hort. IV. (1927) 2166.

S, podoghyllum h.v. 'Tri-Leaf Wonder', Hort. ex Rutenschroer,
Plt. Pat. 763.

Family: Araceae

Common name: Nephthytis 'Tri-Leaf Wonder'; Variegated African
Evergreen.

(Taxonomic note: Called Nephthytis Afzelii (or E, liberica)
variety variegata, triphylla, and 'Tri-Leaf Wonder' in the
florists' industry. Nephthytig does not have milky sap, and

no true Species are known in the horticultural trade.)
Description: Climbing vine with milky sap: leaves to 12" long,
5-7 palmately lobed, by the successive twisting outward (away
from the petiole) of the sagittate basal lobes of the main
blade, and the sagittate basal lobes of the lobes thus formed;
glabrous, whitish along midrib and primary veins, blending into
the green, in some cases leaf more or less entirely whitish
except for a green border; petioles long, to 20", the lower
two-thirds canaliculate, bases sheathing the stem at the nodes;
aerial roots produced at each node; stem smooth, not striate:
apparently does not flower in cultivation. - Mexico.

Culture: Similar to Shilodendron dubigm,

Uses: Similar to preceding; see picture; for the contemporary

setting; eSpecially effective grown on cork bark backing.

Sources: Julius Roehrs Royal Palm Nurseries
Shaffer Nurseries

 

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Tradescggtia fluminegsis, Vell. in Kunth Enum. Plant. IV.
(1843)‘664.

2, tricolor, Hort. (in part)
Family: Commelinaceae
Common name: Wandering Jew (in part)
Description: Fleshy-stemmed vine, to great lengths, prostrate
and rooting at the nodes: leaves alternate, 2" or more long,
ovate or oblong-ovate, oblique, acute, more or less parallel
veined, the central one most prominent, glabrous, bases
narrowed, then spreading a forming a closed sheath around
the stem about 3/16” long, hairy at the tap, bright green;
freely branching; leaves in a flat plane, thin, more or less
transparent: not observed to flower in cultivation. -
Cent. Brazil to Argentina.
_Culture: Any good soil; plenty of water; indirect light;
temperatures above 65° F.; pinch to maintain good shape of
specimen; prOpagation by stem cuttings; may be grown in water.
Uses: In hanging baskets, or wall brackets; on the window
ledge; see picture.
Sources: F. H. Riegelmeir (wholesale only)

Julius Roehrs

 

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VACCINIUM OVATUM

240

Vaccinium ovatum, Pursh. in Fl. Am. Sept. 1. 290.

Family: Ericaceae

Common name: Florists' Huckleberry

Description: Evergreen shrub to 12', with stiff, rather flat
branches: leaves alternate, ovate to lance-oblong, about l"
long, acute, bases obtuse or truncate, margins serrulate,
rather thick and firm, dark green and shining above, paler
beneath, more or less glabrous; petioles short, reddish and
pubescent, as are the new stems when young: flowers in short
axillary clusters; corolla campanulate, 5-lobed, about 2" long;
calyx lobes reddish; berries black. - B. c. to Calif., '

W. No. Amer.

Culture: Acid soil; not grown indoors; cultivated as a garden
shrub.

Uses: Cut branches from nature and garden can be used almost
anywhere foliage is needed; most common in sprays, bouquets,
or even alone as shown.

Sources: Callison's (”Robin Hood" Brand)

 

 

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ZERRINA PENDULA var. QUADRICOv

242

Zebrina endula, Schnizl. in Bot. Zeit. vii. (1849) 870.
var. uadricolor, Bailey in Stand. Cycl. Hort. III
(1947) 5540.

Tradescggtig zebrina, Hort.
2, tzigolor, Hort. (in part)

Commelina zebrina, Hort.
Family: Commelinaceae
Common name: Wandering Jew (in part)
Description: Flashy-stemmed, decumbent vine, much branched:
leaves alternate, lance-ovate to ovate-oblong, to 3“ long,
oblique, acuminate, midrib prominent, margins entire, striped
dark green and purple along midrib and margins, the areas
between glimmering silver-green above; purple beneath; leaf
bases forming a closed sheath about the rather stout stem,
sheath about a” long, hairy on both edges; stem.puberulent:
flowers terminal, between 2 leaf-like bracts, one smaller
than the other; corolla 2-parted, red-purple, the tube white,
as is the calyx tube; ephemeral. - Mexico.

Culture: see Tradescgntig_fluminensig,

 

Uses: AS for g, Sluminensig, but red coloration must be
considered and location planned with this in mind.
Sources: Royal Palm Nurseries .

Julius Roehrs

 

Aiken, Geor

Anderson, ;
Short Hill

Armstrong”
Ontarig. \

Bblrd. 30f
ROute 3’
Oklahoma

Belch; 1 S J
2141 Cre:
St. Loni,

Cactus G
Route 3

Cactus

5440 Vt
Os Ahé
Callisc

Cass.l
2229 3

8311 D1

Clarkg
Indepe

COMPLETE LIST OF

Aiken, George D.
Put DGY‘, Vt 0

Anderson, J.F. (Wholesale Only)

Short Hills, N. J.

Armstrong Nurseries
Ontario, Calif.

Baird, Roy A. Flower Gardens
Route 5, Box 255
Oklahoma City 7, Okla.

Beldt's Aquarium
2141 Crescent Ave.
St. Louis, Mo.

Cactus Gardens, The (Wholesale
Route 3
Edinburg, Texas

Cactus Pete
5440 Valley Blvd-
Los Angeles, Calif.

Callison's
Port Orchard, Wash.

Cass, Charles
2229 Erie Ave.
San Diego, Calif.

Clarke '5 Aquarium
Independence, 0.

Clarke, W. B. & Son
P.O. Box 345
San Jose. Calif.

Coolidge Rare Plant Gardens
889 N. Foothill Blvd.
Pasadena, Calif.

Correvon, H. & Sons
Geneva, Switzerland

Craig, Robert & Co.
Norwood, Pa.

(‘0

J3
0)

Only)

SOURCES CITED

Craig, William N.
Front St.
Weymouth, Mass.

De Giorgi Brothers Co.
Council Bluffs, Ia.

Eastern Shore Nurseries, Inc.
Easton, Md.

Fithatrick's Cactus Gardens
Rte. 3
Edinburg, Texas

Florida Nursery & Lands. Co.
Leesburg, Fla.

Flowers of Hawaii, Ltd.
2016 Wilshire Blvd.
Los Angeles 5, Calif.

Fruitland Nurseries
Augusta, Ga.

Garrepy Greenhouses
164 Lovell St.
Worcester, Mass.

Glen St. Mary Nursery
Glen St. Mary, Fla.

Greene Herb Gardens
Greene, R. I.

Griffing Nurseries
Beaumont, Texas

Hav'alook Gardens
10045 West Grand River Ave.
Fowlerville, Mich.

Herbst Bros., Inc. (wholesale
42 Warren St. only)
New York, N. Y.

Island Landscape Co.
Box 110
Palm Beach, Fla.

244

Jack, Milton
Ferncliffe Bulb Gardens
Hatzic, B. C., Canada

John's (Wholesale Only)
ApOpka, F18.

The Kervan Co., Inc. (Wholesale
119-121 West 28th St. only)
I‘JEW YOL'k l. N. Y.

Kingsville, Nursery
Kingsville, Md.

Cohankie, H. & Son
Painesville, O.

Nacneil, Alan & Esther
Sandyloam
Spoonerville Rd.

North Springfield, Vt.

Menninger, Edwin A.

Nisbet, William Mrs.
Box 452
Brooklyn, Conn.

North Street Greenhouses
57 North St.
Danielson, Conn.

Oakhurst Gardens
545 W. Colorado St.
Arcadia, Calif.

Overlook Nurseries
Mobile
Crichton, Ala.

Park, George V. Seed Co.
Greenwood, S. C.

Pearce, Rex D. (Mostly Seeds)
Moorestown, N. J.

Ramsey's Austin Nursery Inc.
Austin, Texas

Riegelmeir, F.H.

1826 Rialto St.
Pittsburgh, Pa.

(Wholesale
OI11y)

Roehrs, Julius
Rutherford, N. J.

Royal Palm Nurseries
Oneco, Fla.

Schmoll, Fred.
Cadereyta, Qro., Mexico

Schumacher, F. W.
579 Center St.
Jamaica Plain, Mass.

Semmes Nurseries (Wholesale Only)
Semmes, Ala.

Shaffer Nurseries
North Highland Ave.
Clearwater, Fla.

State Nursery & Seed Co.
Helena, Mont.

The Tooles
Garry-nee-Dule
Baraboo, Wis.

Thompson & Morgan
Ipswich, England

University of Copenhagen
Oster Farimagsgade 2A
Copenhagen, Denmark

Vaughan's Seed Store
601 West Jackson St.
Chicago, Ill.

Vilmorin-Andrieux & Cie
4 Quai de la Megisseire
Paris, France

West Los Angeles Nursery
646 Saltair
Los Angeles, Calif.

Wilcox, Roy F.
P.O. Box 240
Montebello, Calif.

Ustler Bros. (Wholesale Only)
Apopka, Fla.

“mimic!
Contr:
266-52

Beautiful
Londo:

Curtis' E

Diccioner
I and

Enumeratj
1850.

Flora Hay
HiSLOire

HOW to G

4th }

Hortus a.
C0,,

Index Ke-
Pres

Index L0

Conf

Ivy» a r

245
REFERENCES

”Asiatic PteridOphyta', Christensen, C.F.A., U.S. Nat. Museum,
Contrib. from the U.S. Nat. Herbarium, xxvi. part 6, 8:
265-556, and 567-594.

Beautiful-Leaved Plants. Lowe, E.J., Groombridge & Sons,

Curtis' Botanical Magazine. London, Since 1787.

Diccionario das Plantas Uteis do Brazil. Correa, N. Pio,
I and II, Ministerio da Agriculture, Rio de Janeiro, 1951.

Enumeratio Plantarum. Kunth, Karl S., Stutgardt & Tubing, 1855-
1850.

Flora HawaiienSiS. Degener, 0., Honolulu, 1946.
Histoire Naturelle des Vegetaux. de Jussieu, A. L., Paris, 1825.

How to Grow and Bloom Plants Successfully. Wall, Leonard,
4th ed., Chicago, 1946.

Hortus Second. Bailey, L. H. and Bailey, Ethel Zoe, Macmillan
Co., New York, 1949.

Index Kewensis. Jackson, B. D. and Hooker, J.D., Clarendon
Press, Oxford, 1895.

Index Londinensis. Stapf, 0., Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1950.

International Rules of Botanical Nomenclature. Stockholm
Conference, 1950.

Ivy, a Monograph. Hibberd, Shirley, Groombridge & Sons,
London, 1872.

"As LchpodiaceaS do Brasil”. Nessel, Hermann, Archivos de
Botanica do Estado de 8. Paulo, I. fasc. 4, S. Paulo,

manual of Cultivated Plants. Bailey, L. H., Macmillan Co.,
New York, 1949.

Manual of the Southeastern Flora. Small, J.K., New York, 1915.

Morphology of Vascular Plants. Eames, Arthur J., McGraw-Hill
Book Co., Inc., lst ed., New York, 1956: 1-47.

 

I.

Q
i
U
I
C
\
i
O D
U
R
O

246
Q

"An Opportunity for Texas Florists”, DeWerth, A.F., The Texas
Florist, Spec. Bull. No. 1, July 1950, College Station, Texas.

Les Palmiers, Histoire Iconographique. de Denterghem, Oswald
de Kerchove, Paris, 1878.

Das Pflanzenreich. Engler, A. and Krause, K., Verlag von
Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig, since 1901.

Plant Buyers' Guide. 5th ed., ed. by Steffek, Edwin F.,
Bellman PUbliShing C00. 1949.

Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetalis. De Candolle,
Alphonso, Victor Masson & Sons, Paris, 1824-1874.

"Revised List of Hawaiian'Pteridophyta'. Christensen, Carl,
Bernice P. BishOp Museum, Bull. 10, no. 25, Honolulu, 1925.

”Sansevieria'. Brown, N.EL, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew Bull.
Misc. Information, 1915, London: 185-261.

Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture. Bailey, L. H., Macmillan
Co., New York, 1947. '

Synopsis Aroidearum. Schott, Heinrich W., Typis Congregationis
Mechitharisticae, Vindobonae, 1856.

Systems Vegetabilium. Linne, Carl von, Stutgardt, 1850.

 

 

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