The purposes of this study were to determine the magnitudes of linear acceleration of the center of gravity and angular acceleration about the center of gravity on a Hybrid III dummy head, as a result of being impacted with roundhouse kicks performed by children and to compare these values with the same variables that are known in general to cause concussions. The potential for roundhouse kicks performed by children to cause a concussion was examined. Differences by age, gender and levels of expertise were also studied. Anthropometric data (body mass index, flexibility, sitting height, standing height, weight, biacromial and bicristal widths were also measured to study their effects on linear and angular accelerations. Results indicated that children can exceed linear and angular acceleration thresholds for concussions that have been established for NFL players. There are no known linear or angular acceleration thresholds for children, but these may be smaller than those used for comparisons in this study. Results also showed that female participants generated higher linear and angular acceleration values than male participants. Analyses revealed differences in linear and angular accelerations by age group where older participants generated higher acceleration values than younger participants. Skilled participants also generated greater maximal linear and angular accelerations than beginners. Months of practice, standing height, weight, and flexibility provided some explanation to the differences observed by age, gender, and skill level. It is necessary to educate parents, martial arts instructors, and governing bodies about the intrinsic risk for traumatic brain injuries, which has been reported to be similar to other contact sports such as American football, boxing, and ice hockey. The use of head gear and mouth guards is strongly recommended in practice and competition to reduce linear and angular accelerations that the brain experiences as a result of an impact to the head to eliminate concussions. The long term effects of single/multiple concussions in children are not known at this time; however recent studies are identifying its negative effects on cognitive functions, thus, it is suggested to reduce children exposure to these possible risks.
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