A PLAN OF IMPROVEMENT 0F HARPER ROAD AT SYCAMORE CREEK; NGHAM COUNTY“ MICHIGAN Tho-h kt fin Dam of I. 5. WAN STATE MG! 1. C. Pram - W. 6. WM .1949 I" v ( W 0 \ I 0 . g. o " I c 5 ~ I. ' 1‘ a O ‘ a C J ., u . c A. f l I ‘. .11 .. ' o f .. . . L, 'o . . 0. ’ a_ 1. 2 ‘31 \ O . ‘ ' 0 0". ‘. '&-. ....6“12: 5‘.' II. . l“" ‘1’ . ¢;} . "' u 5."- §\' .‘ i‘fn 9.- . :.v":“."i "I’f ".1 ' . . I .n '. 4 r» ' , L J ' .' I c O o ’ 0 I I I U . 3' , A Plan of Imorovement of Harper Road at Sycamore Creek, Ingham County, Michigan A Thesis Submitted to The Faculty of MICHIGAN STATE COLLLGL of AGRICULTURE AND APPLIED SCILNCn by J. C. Preston W. G. Wood R Candidates for the Degree of Bachelor of Science June 1949 THESiS r TABLE OF CONTLNTS CHAPTER PAGE I. The Problem . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 II. The Field Work . . . . . . . . . . . 3 III. The Office Work . . . . . . . . . . . 4 IV. Recommendations . . . . . . . . . . . l2 LIST OF PLANS AND MAPS Preliminary Survey Map Bridge Plan and Details Plan and Profile of New Channel Plan and Profile of Roadway CHAPTER I THE PROBLEM The problem of this thesis is typical of those solved by the county engineer in carrying out a county road im- provement program. The designs resulting from the solution of such problems are unique in detail of any special location. The location selected for this problem was recommended by Mr. Robert O. Schaeffer, Engineer, of the Ingham County Road Commission and is included in the Ingham County program of work covering the next two years. A 600 foot.section of Harper Road at Sycamore Creek, Alaiedon Township, Ingham County was surveyed to determine necessary improvements. At present the load capacity of this section of Harper Road is limited to 2 tons by two antiquated bridges of 12 and 35 feet spans. Another seri- ous road hazard is created by the narrow roadway with large trees on the road shoulders. The designs herein presented eliminate these hazards and will improve this section of the road to be consistant in design with the adjacent sections of Harper Road. Seven hundred and fifty feet of new channel will be excavated to straighten the stream and thus eliminate the necessity of two bridges. These bridges will be replaced by a Multi Plate arch. The roadway is to be widened to standard width and elevated to a grade that is several feet above spring high water. The following chapters describe in detail the field work, the offhze work and the resulting designs. Recommen- dations for a more detailed and complete improvement study are given in the last chapter. CHAPTER II THE FIELD WOI In order that the topography adjacent to Sycamore Creek could be thoroughly considered in locating the new channel it was necessary to draw up a topo map of the area. The first step of the mapping was to establish a horizontal and vertical control traverse. This was done completely by stadia. The plane table was used for all map work. Establishment of the new road center line presented a more difficult surveying problem. Harper Road lies partly on the section line between sections 30 and 31, Alaiedon Township. In order to justify the new center line location .it was necessary to establish the quarter section line. The new center line was found to paralell the section line at an 18 foot offset. Level circuits were run along the new channel center line and along the new road location to determine elevations for cross sectioning and profiling. The running of these circuits completed the field work. CHAPTER III THE OFFICE WORK The first work undertaken in the office was the drawing of the preliminary survey map. This was accomplished by filling in details, such as contouring, on the plane table map. The section line and the new road center line were then plotted on the map and a tracing made for repro- duction purposes. The completed preliminary survey map afforded a good means of locating the new channel center line. The location selected was chosen so as to be in the center portion of the creek "valley" and in the direction bes suited for any future continuation of the channeling in either direction. A plan and profile of the new channel was drawn for the purpose of establishing the channel grade and estimating the amount of earth excavation. Lack of time for further field work prevented the gathering of cross section elevations required for an accurate earth work computation. A plan and profile was also drawn of the existing road in order to plot the new grade. The maximum fill elevation was determined by the required thickness of cover over the Multi Plate arch which will bridge the new channel. Minimum fill elevation was established as being three feet above maximum high water. Grades were chosen to allow for minimum possible fill and a reasonable sight distance. Cross sections were plotted on the plan and profile for earth work computations. As determined by use of the Drainage Map of Ingham County (1932), Sycamore Creek at Harper Road drains almost 42 square miles of area. It should be noted that this includes the town of Mason. The importance of providing a bridge and channel of sufficient flow capacity is obvious. According to the policy of the Ingham County Road Commission, with whom we conferred, the most logical type of structure as far as efficiency, economy, and ease of construction is concerned, is a double-arch Multi Plate bridge. Inspection of several typical structures in this vicinity confirmed our selection. To avoid unwarranted references and foot-notes, it should be pointed out that the bridge design and comp- utations follow very closely those outlined in the 1945 edition of the "Handbook of Culvert and Drainage Practice" published by the Armco Drainage Products Association, Middle- ton, Ohio and that any tables or charts refered to are con- tained therein unless it is specifically stated otherwise. The required plates for this bridge would be ordered from the mentioned firm according to arch number, number of plates, bevel, and length. We have selected two Number 20 arches which have a total cross-sectional area of 310.4 square feet providing an area comparable to that required. C OMPUTAT I ONS Talbots Formula: ash-NC Aaarea in acres. a-waterway in square feet. c=O.15 for this section of Michigan. a = {2662433,} 0,15 =3l2 sq. ft. "Cross-sectional areas on preferred com- P3 3 H (D '2 IR binations of Multi Plate with spans of even feet." Arch No. 20: Area=72 sq. ft. Span=204 1n.= 17 ft. Rise=7l in.=5 ft.-ll in. No. Plates=5 1/2 R/S Ratio=O.35 Radius: 3053, in. Total Area Provided-310.4 sq. ft. P3 (D '2 “‘23 "Recommended minimum gages for Multi Plate Arches--Highway Loadings." (For various spans, heights of cover, and live loads.) Recommended minimum height of cover for unpaved, untreated road surfaces is 24 in. Height of cover==proposed road grade-—(pro- posed abutment elevation—Arise) 868.00-865.00==2.00 ft. With H-15 live load, 2 ft. cover, 17 ft. span, and gage No. 1 plate is required. CALCULATION SHbaT TO DbTileNh VHRTICAL AND HORIZONTAL REACTION OF MULTI PLATE ARCH Date "low; 2.4 "'19"? (I Location Saul/”104.1 CALI”! Calc. by (Bhutan about. (420-04 TaX‘J-(Wdtol.. Rise(R) 5'-u" Span(S)|‘1-O" Rise/Span(R/S) .35 Height of Cover(HC) 23" |“ Live Load(L) H"5 Length Vd=(l) IS’OO X(R/S Factor—l-A) -"10 = IQS’O Vd‘=(2) 850 X (HC) . 2. = I‘Ioo (Backfill-lOO#/cu.ft.) Total Vd= 3350* Vl=(3) 1:50 x (R/S Factor-3-A) L02. = 2.!‘(3 For H-2O Loading. For other loading take proportional amount. For H~15 3/5 X Z.IC(3 = V5390 Total V1: $2.0“ Total V = WED“ Hd=(4) 310 X (R/S Factor-h—A) L36: 2 503 Hd'=(5) 360 x (R/S Factor-S-A) \‘su X (HC) a. = u \ o (Backfill-lOO#/cu.ft.) Total Hd: 36‘3“ Hl=(6) “2.0x (R/S Factor-6-A) \.(o = VIQS For H-lS 3/5 x \‘WS 2 \o‘tS‘ a Total H: 2.6%3 V/H= 1.63 V+H= 1058 DESIGN OF PIER FOOTINT} CC Vii Fl ! L w 68 EE Vertical load==(HC+R+DD) X (CC+1) X (lOO)-F(2V) =(2+5.92+8) X (2+1) X (100)-0-(8740) =15,110 lbs. Table 30: "Required depth BE, of plain concrete pier footings in terms of length of projection FF." Curve A, Figure 13: Let FF=1 ft. therefore EB = 1 ft . lO COP-”PUTATIONS FOR ABUTBLENTS 1 g 32 '3 6'; g 61 '6 II ‘2 p: / ; H 8-. 5' : 1) \ \ v \ - L : D \ ‘p ‘52, (A 7 I ‘5. ll E r- CONSTANTS g SYMBOL OPERATDON RESULTS 0 V=4370 1 R + HC R + HC 7.92 Haeesa' 2 (a + HC)/D l :- D .99 HC==2.0 3 F Curve 1, using 2 114 R==5' 11" 4 L Curve 2, using 2 3,0 D=8.00 5 Volume (1+ D) x B 95.6 Let B=6.00 6 W 5 X 3 10900 7 Mr 4 x 6. Ends-.53 56700 8 MO H X D 21500 9 F.S. 7 ¥ 8 2.64 10 P 6 + V 15270 11 N 7 '7 10 3.72 12 X 8 e 10 1.41 13 a ll - 12 2.31 14 B/a B + 13 2.60 15 Z Curve 3, using 14 1.60 16 AB? 10 + B 2540 17 T 15.X'16 4060 12 CHAPTER IV RECOHMENDATIONS In view of the curtailment of time alloted to thesis preparation, it became necessary to eliminate three imp- ortant phases of this improvement plan. These are an economic study of applicalbe bridge types, writing of speci- fications, and cost estimating. The multi plate arch was selected in this project because of the simplicity and ease of design. The bridge study should include a cost comparison of several bridge types to determine that type that will be most economical in all aspects. An overall county road improvement program ordinarily includes a priority listing and an estimate of cost of all projects involved. Even though all the work is to be done by the county with their own equipment, the cost estimate will be required by the commissioners before approving any project. The cost may also have an important bearing on priority. The Ingham County Road Commission has adopted the Michigan State Highway Department's bridge specifications for all bridges to be constructed. Specifications for road construction, however, vary in detail from project to project and therefore each new project requires new detailed specifications. The inclusion of the above described phases of planning into the work described in Chapters II and III would result in a complete and justified design. 13 huom omemo mam? m : ~__ __ __ __ =: E: ww.mh_mmw>_23 wh