A STUDY 3"?) DETERMSNE TM? BEST OPERATING AND MAINTENANCE mocenums FOR A 200,000 POUNDS m iiOUR 57mm GENERATING mm- "i‘ixesis fer fhc Degree of M. S. MiCHiGAN STAW COLLEGE Eyed Arthur Woolman 1950 -.- we‘r- PLEMENTARY SRRATERIA lNBACKOFBOOK This is to certify that the thesis entitled A STUDY TO DETERMINE THE BEST OPERATING AND MAINTENANCE PROCEDURE FOR A 200,000?! PER HOUR STEAM GENEPATING P ANT presented 9 Fred A. Woolman has been accepted towards fulfillment of the requirements for Master of Science degree in Mechanical Engineering WM24 Major profeg Date December 1’ . a... ‘fl-c...‘ - CUT“ - u" - ....f O —.o .Dth. viii‘vn. -‘F. \- (Bf? . .v ..\....\x.. \. :...n.,,_ v. .. .r .. . ‘ A STUDY TO DETERMENE THE BEST OPERATING AND MAINTENANCE PROCEDURE FOR A 200,000 POUNDS PER HOUR STEAM GENERATING PLANT by FRED ARTHUR Wu A THESIS Submitted to the School of Graduate Studies of Michigan State College of Agriculture and Applied Science in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE Department of Mechanical Engineering 1950 ...\). ”fatty?! _....u ..._....d. . . MM-.. , .2 . _. Inf}. Na. . .. ._ .4}.... v tiling-Phillrzl South Campus Power Plant flow 1.5.33 “#1544... ll . r‘..\ ,. —_— _ w u" .- —— The at or Mimi?! .131 for th' taming th Script, A CKIZOWLED GME NT The author wishes to thank Professor J. M; Campbell, of Mflchigsn State College, and all the power plant person- nel for their valuable assistance and cooperation in ob- taining the necessary information and preparing the menu- script. ******** “*m **** H *- Forevord ‘ Introductl ”-TF: ‘_ \T s‘ 333%}: 33 Robsons fo 3 31 Plant Stru . 4. I" 3??“ Plant Disc ”‘1- -'. . ‘3' it ' Publicity .33 by? Plant Peri P19 111'. Equ OPOIetin; OPBIRtio Operati, operatic K3031 Boiler 3 Haj-utter TABLE OF CONTEI-‘TS Foreword Introduction PART I --- THE PLANT Reasons for the South Cpmpus Plant Plant Structure Plant Discussion Publicity Plant Personnel Plant Equipment PART II --- PLANT OPERATION Operating Personnel Operation Procedures Operating Conditions Operation Records Coal . Boiler Feed Wbter PfiRT III --- PLANT MAINTENANCE Maintenance Personnel Msintensnce Procedures unintenance Records Mbintensnce Problems APPENDIX Bibliogrsphy Illustrations ll 12 l2 l5 17 22 43 48 56 66 66 73 78 80 Back Cover F ORBIT/'0}; D by IB.J.M.CMEEEL Superintendent of Power Michigan Stste College Mr. Fre WOolmPn hes been employed by the Department of Buildings and Utilities of Michigan State College since March 1948, with the title of Assistant Mechanical Engineer and with duties in the college power plant aimed et a system of improved msintennnce 9nd operation of the plant equipment. It is considered thst Fred hos given a good account of him- self in this cepspity and should, therefore, have a basis for contributing to the over all knowledge on the problems of Power Plant Maintenance and Operation by means of this thesis. J. M. C. Fig. 1 South Compus Firing Alley is st chinery isl aupervisi. objective producing suitable 1: With steel gene erstion be cheaply p: The : Prchitect the men: Work. pm , ’19 Ht efj It 1 “Denis. ity, eff t° below INTRODUCTION As steam generating plants become larger and the na- chinery is more complicated, the need for better trained supervision and plant personnel is warranted. The ultimate objective is low cost, efficient and continuous services, producing steam below the cost of purchased steam or other suitable power. I With the competition between lOW'COBt steam.of central stean.generating plants and the production of own steam.gen- oration being very great, the small plant must be run as cheaply and efficiently as possible. The most suitable location of a plant is chosen. The architect and consulting engineer design, build and place the machinery and tools with which the plant engineer has to work. Fron.here it is his Job to see that operating costs, plant efficiency, and reliability are obtained. It is hoped that this thesis will act as a guide to the supervisors of small stean.plants to increase plant reliabil- ity, efficiency and reduce over all cost of steam.generation to below that of purchased steam. ;— — —- The s new south building 1' few hurdre north of E Erem 9nd initi: Afte this stud Procedure through 5 To - 111191316 ”in con Part I THE PLANT The steam generating plant used for this study is the new south campus plant at Michigan State College. This building is located on the south campus of the college a few hundred feet southeast of Macklin Stadium and Just north of Shaw Lane. See map, Fig. 2, page 7. Excavation for this plant began on October 10, 1946 and initial operation took place December 8, 1947. After approximately on yeer's operation (march 1949), this study to determine the best operation and maintenance procedure was begun. It covers the period from March 1949 through September 1950. To produce steam.in sufficient quantities, and so to be reliable, efficient, and economical at all times as to War- rant continuous operation is the plant objective. REASONS FOR omw SOUTH CAMPUS PLANT]- Immediately after the wer in 1946 when college erroll- ment had greatly increased, existing college facilities had to be increased. Thus, to keep up with this increase in de- mand, (see Fig. 3, page 8), it became apparent that either larger steam generators must be installed in the existing plant or a new steam generating plant must be built including steam transmission line to the existing turbine room and steam dis- 1. Information was obtained in an interview with NE. E. E. Kinney, Superinterdent of Building and Utilities, Enchigan Stste College. ’ 1 .IWxY t LL ”ll! - ' Illhl. .\\ r, c . Obi“ AND “ fiwfifiafimmfiflf , . u a w a... .l wwm\ _ wwwcxmmnhww. ------ 8.11 _ . 1/ 1 "I, 4, ,c- 14,, / , , .. .W U MNWP 4 . WI Hafie . Z. Ron D. FUSE D .. .2 u ..... t I ' -Iiimnm I "Q 1 i .3123 n 1-30-47. H. ‘ Q .. :-= a. .o. . oo \ c \ n t v u 2 Fig. CITY OF EAST LANSING MICHIGAN STATE COLLEGE HE m l .. + + N . H l . l " .(J. .3 1. 5(1 IFIIPIIIII .E‘IVS~01I g C. Dal-3 5-. x 51 9 tribution center. Also, on account of costs it was out of the question to re-locate the turbine room.with its steam and electrical distribution center. Since the existing building would have to be enlarged or rebuilt, because of the difficulty of interrupting service while the new boilers were being insttlled, and due to public sentiment against the storage and burning of coal in greater quantities in a central part of the campus, the latter plan was followed. The ouestion of how far away and where the plant was to be built was settled in two ways. That is, it had to be near the existing railroad Spur and the diatance had to be within economical limit of steam.transmission. Thus, the present site was chosen, making the steam transmission line 1500 feet long. As a 5000 kilowatt turbine generator was installed in the existing plant in 1941, with an operating pressure of 500 psi, it was decided to install 300 psi boilers. Two of these boilers, each producing 110,000 pounds per hour, were instal- led. A third bay for an additional boiler was left for future expansion. PLANT STRUCTURE The design of the building is such as to fit in with the architectural pattern of existing buildings on the campus. That is, it is constructed of red brick with precast concrete trim.The roof has a pitch of 45 degrees and is constructed with precast concrete slabs which are covered with gray as- bestos shingles. Also, the stacks (one for each boiler) pro- ‘-'-‘ *O.‘ ’4'... a... ne..n...o...¢n..u._—a #3).”wrrel 8.. Hulfi‘lw‘l. Yr‘/J.IQ.-Q In | . - 4. .\I l- - ... - ...dWN.) n1 . k ..u.. . . .... .. -.. .. .. . . . .. .H- ..thyu. x5- .39“ ......M... ...F Wm)... ..muerh 55am}. . . .. my? . WWW—.43 lawn»: _, .. u. .. ... . .. ......1... .15 -.-.m.\--.f~ ......«i- .DU.) ”monk... 7 It“! ... .. . . .. . .. .. . c 11......qu - 3...}.-. .. .. .. -. . .. . . .. - ---- I J*.H1\ I . . . A ‘. ‘0 (to... v a / 10 trude above the peak about 18 inches to give a conventional chimney effect. Over all building dimensions are 127 feet 7 inches by 61 feet 10 inches, and 77 feet 7 inches above grade line. The interior consists of three boiler bays, an electrical and feed water pump bay, 2 water testing laboratory, maintenance room, and office. Interior color scheme used in this building is as fol- lows: Gratings, Stairs, Pipe Railings“ Boilers, Pumps, Fans Pewter Gray Vista Green Coal Conveying Equipment Ash Conveying Equipment Air Ducts Steum and Water Piping Doors and Frames Laurel Green l‘ Ceilings L _dfl_w ; Cascade Blue Control Boards except ' _ Suntone Dark Green Base ..L_. .___. -..] Concrete Bases for L*”%WMVH_4 Diamond Yellow Motors, Bases and Fans Valve Wheels and Focal Red Important Spotting Structural Steel Power House Buff Floors Blue Gray Alley-ways Tile Red ll PLANT DISCUSSIOE.T With all facilities for steam.distribution, that is, bleeder turbines, distribution piping, condensate collection, and water softening equipment already installed, it was con- sidered more economical to continue to enlarge these facili- ties as necessary rather than move to or install comparable new devices in the south campus plant. Therefore, it is felt necessary to discuss the steamawnter cycle. Steam.at 500 psi and 55OQF. is transmitted through two lines (an 8 and a 12 inch) of "Ric-W11" underground piping 1500 feet long to two 5000 kw. turbines in the turbine room in the north campus plant. These turbines have extractions at 100 psi and 5 psi. Also, steam.may be reduced from 300 to 150 psi and desuper- heated through e reducing station when the steam load is a- bove capacity of the turbine extraction. However, this method is only used in emergencies or as stated above. The 100 psi extraction is used for process steam and long distance heating, while 5 psi extraction is used for central campus heating. A11 returning condensate from the heating returns is col- lected in two condensate storage tanks and pumped to the deaeratirg heater. Also, if the turbines are operated entire- ly condensing, this condensate is pumped directly to the de- aerating heater. 1 Here, also, the feed water make-up is added. The make-up is a blended sodium, hydrogen zeolite softened water, consis- ting of about 20% sodium to 80% hydrogen. In normal operation 12 the make-up runs about 15 to 20%. From.the deaerating heater the water is pumped to the south campus plant storage tank. At this point, in case of failure to receive feedwater, a raw water connection is maintained. However, this line is kept completely closed and is used in emergencies only. PUBLICITY It is felt that because the plant is owned and operated by state funds that a small publicity pamphlet describing the plant should be used and distributed to all visitors. One of these pamphlets is shown in Fig. 4, page 15. PLANT PERSOIJIIEL The plant personnel consists of 2 full time salaried and 14 full time hourly employees. Also, from.4 to 6 part time help (students) averaging about 10 hours per week are employed. This is broken down as follows: Plant Engineer Asst. Plant Engineer Laboratory Technician (1) Utility men (2) Electrician (1) Crane Operator (1) Coal Handling (1) Custodian (1) Firemen (4) Asst. Firemen (4) Painters, part time (2) Utility Helper, part time (1) as? a: Forge Drnlt \ H \ ‘l r / Fly Ash Hopper gRATINe UNITS INSTALLzo AT' MICHIGAN STATE. COLLEGE Fly Ash preopilotors EAST LANSING ~M|CHIGAN Seal Valve —_\ Flocking STEAM GEN Proheerov 71-2-5; 4 . . . . . ..... / (a, .4........... .............- . n: ~ «a - Stack Induce Dralt Plenum Chamber ‘\ ..-..- --l 7.12—1 __._, ..p. . . .' ... ‘_, ‘__A, Fan \ - { . l it; Induce Draft Ash Conveyor :guu', . Grate \ Traveling .OCpCO nfinfixwoz. .nOsz r1320 - mzm_zn«..mn. rvzm,_zmr3_nu._mu)z Coal Bunker ...Im <<_oxmu moan 00. m)0.2)¢< (:01. mmajzm viz non _ Ownibnolw . Coal Scales w. ONCE ao.rmam Conveyor 8.....38592 mdfim 095mm 42.0 fl axons-b 0...»..- ...—«s fin _ II 2... -. - Under Bunker ans _ sowiww __ ... \u. L‘l M.S.C. SOUTH CAMPUS POWER PLANT CONSTRUCTED 1948 Michigan State College Welcome to Michigan State's new power plant. We, the power plant personnel hope N visit is a pleasant one and that you will be as proud of our plant as we are. STEAM GENERATING PLANT To help you on your tour of our power plant and to give you reference material for f- we use, this short discussion of our plant has been written. T South Campus Let us examine the reasons for the power plant expansnon just completed. The nec.» El- ties included a steam pressure of 100 p.s.i. (pounds of steam per square inch) for 50 1th Campus heating and other processes, such as heat for dormitory ovens, dairy and oil‘er college equipment requiring steam. The North Campus power plant was already oroducing 150 p.s.i. which furnished a design pressure for two 500 kilowatt generators, also 150 p.s.i. providing a design pressure of 250 for a third 3,000 kilowatt generator with a single extraction of 15 p.s.i. used in heating. Due to the increased number of buildings on campus a demand for 6,000 kilowatts was expected. To meet such a demand a fourth generator was installed with a capacity to produce 3,000 kilowatts. This generator, because of its double extraction of 100 p.s.i. and 15 p.s.i., fur- nished the 100 p.s.i. used for South Campus heating and other processes. Two of the more important ones are mentioned above. The decision to replace the old boilers with two new ones was made because the three boilers then in service were near retiring age. The two new boilers each producing 350 p.s.i. could be used to furnish pressure at 300 p.s.i. for byproduct electric power. Our plant consists of two 1420-horse power, Wickes bent tube boilers; three drums, and other equipment producing 110,000 pounds of steam per hour at a temperature of 550 de- grees F. at 315 p.s.i. steam pressure. Each boiler, when operating at 110,000 pounds of steam per hour, burns coal at the rate of five to six tons per hour, depending upon the grade of coal used. Listed below are a few facts and figures that may be of interest: Boiler gross efficiency at 110,000 lbs. of steam per hour ................................. 84.5% Pounds of coal burned per hour at 110,000 lbs. steam per hour __________________ 11,970 lbs. Boiler heating surface .................................................................. 12,581 sq. ft. Stoker grate area ....................................................................... 234.4 sq. ft. We sincerely hape you have enjoyed your visit through our plant and that some day you ~ may visit us again. Department of Buildings and Utilities We thank you very much, MICHIGAN STATE COLLEGE Ea“ Laming 0-510 1 1 Power Plant Personnel. l4 Asst. Custodian, part time (2) Coal Handling, part time (ll north Campus Power Pleat. Note the South Cempus Power Plant in the background. I l 15 PLANT EQUIPMENT Two boilers Wickes Boiler Co. 300 psi 110,000 lb. per hr. st SSOQF. 12,531 sq. ft. heating surface 2144 sq. ft. water well heating surface Two air heaters, tubuler type Wickes Boiler Co. 7200 sq. ft. heating surface Two superheaters, bsre tube return bend Foster Wheeler Corp Soot blowers Diamond Power Specielty Corp 0021 conveyors Stephens Ademson Mfg. Co. Stock Engineering Co. Coel spouts and 0021 so”les Stock Engineering Co. Ash removal system United Conveyor Co. Dust collector, mechanicel Western Precipitation Co. Continuous blowdown system Permutit Co. Blowdown velves, OS end Y; safety valves; non-return valves Edward Valves Inc. Consolideted Valve Corp. Water gages Yernell-Wering Co. Bailey Meter Co. Water columns Reliance Gauge Column Co. Combustion control Bailey meter Co. ,Flowmeters Bailey Meter Co. Hays Corp. Stokers, spreader type Detroit Stoker Co. 4 feeders, motor driven Stoker drive, PIV Link-Belt Co. Cinder-reinjection system Detroit Stoker Co. l6 Forced-draft fan, damper control Clarage Fan Co. F-D fan motor, 2 speed 75/27 H.P. General Electric Co. Induced-draft fan, vane control Clarage Fan Co. I-D fan motor, 2 speed 200/50 H.P. General Electric Co. Air compressor, Air King Worthington Air compressor R X 7 Gardner Denver Boiler feed pump 2,117 gpm motor drive De Laval Steam Turbine 00. Boiler feed pump motors (4) General Electric 00. Boiler feed pump, dual drive 234 gpm (1) Boiler feed turbine (1? De Laval Steam Turbine Co. Boiler feed pump, motor drive 234 gpm Underground piping . Ric-Til Co. General piping and fittings Tube Turns 00. Inc. Midwest Piping and Supply Co. Pipe Covering Union.Asbestos and Rubber Co. Switch gear and switch board . General Electric Co. Chemical feed pump Hills McCanna Co. Chemical injection system Hagan Corp. Water consultants Hall Laboratories Consulting Engineer Claud R. Erickson 17 Part II PLANT OPERATION A plant is known by how it Operates; that is, if it is a "getting-by plant" or a progressive plant. Most machinery will run without much care, but such op- erating practices will be accompanied with low efficiencies, low reliabilities, and a large overhead. To engineer a plant requires trained personnel, correct operation procedures, keeping of records, checking of efficiencies, and continual effort to improve operation. Objective: To operate the plant in an engineering manner thus at design efficiencies and as economically as possible, to meet all load demands and continue Operation for long periods without forced outages. To improve Operating conditions, al- ways be on the alert for the unusual. OPERATING PERSOEEEL It is the personnel which makes a plant. If the person- nel are trained, reliable, and are proud of the plant in which they work, a large net saving will result.2 Thus, boil- er efficiency will increase, maintenance will decrease, and forced outages will be negligible. Personnel Problems This is a hard subject with which to deal, but is prob- ably the most important if the plant is to operate in an effi- cient manner. -----2. David Moffet Eyers, Reducing Industrial Power Cost, EeW'York, MCGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc., 1936, page 14. ‘v -. Q T , i I 4 \ . WU)-.. .‘ 3 u . .y . v4.‘ ‘01“: .J 0v I. .... r 0.. ..Xnv\ , , 3.4.4.3.».1..- . e . .. a ,5) 5...“..823 3%.: ,(..., , . . . 3. ~ 0" :n .. t . . ... .v. v Fig. 5 MICHIGAN'STATE COLLEGE POWER PLANT PLAIT OPERATIOK DATA FOR TWO YEARS 18 ENDING WITH THE 1949-1950 FISCAL YEAR 49-50 Average Temperature 46.3QF. Cooling Water Temp. Range 33°-59°F. Coal Consumed 53,283 Tons Gross Steam.Genereted 985,317,182 lbs. 1 Boiler Generated 397,466,925 2 Boiler Generated 324,460,000 #5 Boiler Generated 99,411,474 #6 Boiler Generated 163,978,783 #7 Boiler Generated 0 Systen.Stean.Peak 219,000 lbs. #1 Boiler Peak _ 122,000 #2 Boiler Peak 112,000 #5 Boiler Peak 49,000 #6 Boiler Peak 85,000 #7 Boiler Peak 0 Gross Electrical Gen. 30,542,500 kw #1 Turbine Gen. 175,500 #2 Turbine Gen. 799,000 #3 Turbine Gen. 13,609,000 #4 Turbine Gen. 15,959,000 System Electrical Peak 6,800 kw Total Electrical Used 27,669,500 % Increase Over Previous Yr. 12.5% Electricity Bought 376,000 kw Electricity Sold 3,249,000 Boiler Roon.Cu. Ft./kw 125 Turbine Boo-.0u. Ft./kw 20.3 Office Space Cu. Ft./kw .985 Coal Storage Tons/kw 3.57 48-49 499E. 49,879 Tons 900,495,111 lbs. 359,376,937 397,206,375 20,285,160 118,541,603 5,085,036 195,000 lbs. 115,000 122,000 37,000 61,000 50,000 27,624,100 kw 279,300 1,115,800 15,103,000 11,126,000 6,300 kw 24,461,000 14.3% 709,000 kw 2,872,000 125 20.3 .985 3.57 L ’3L2:"r.. .- 3‘ _ I --—-—- . . 19 Following are several steps that should be in practice in any power plant and which make for good labor relations::5 1. A supervision that is honest, understanding, and gives credit where credit is due. 2. Plant policies must be followed to the letter (no favorisms). 3. Talk with personnel about coming changes. Allow him.to feel and be part of the organization. 4. Encourage a man to think. Listen to his ideas for they may be of great value. 5. fever be too busy to listen to a man. Always find and give him.the most correct answers regardless of how long it takes. 6. wages must be in line with other industries in the area. Eggiging Programs The Job cannot be made to fit the man. Therefore, the man must be trained to fit the Job. Thus, training is an end- less process. , Following are some methods that may be used in training personnel:4 1. Organized study courses. 2. A plant library. -----3. Forman J. Powell, ”A Value System in Personnel Admin- istration”, Personnel.Adninistration, Vol.7, (Hay 1945), page 14. 4. Alfred M. Cooper, Employee Training, New York, McGraw- Hill Company, Inc., 1942, pages 97-98. 20 3. On the Job training. 4. Encouraging men to belong to national organiza- tions. 5. Question-Answer sheets. Organized §tgdz Courses At the present time two meetings per month are held on a voluntary basis, to discuss and answer all questions per- taining to plant operation, such as plant casualties, se- curing equipment, piping systems, and the theory of combustion. It is the author's opinion that much would be gained by having these meetings compulsory. Pay should be given the men for attending and examinations given for qualifications of the various Jobs. Thus, it is hoped in the near future that a set rate may be given to each man who attends. 5.21gg3 Library A bookcase has been provided on the operating floor in which to keep technical literature. It contains a copy of all machine instruction books, power and steam.generating maga- zines, and various power hand books and bulletins. gramme Various on the Job training programs are underway. A few are as follows: 1. Interchanging firemen between plants. 2. Requirement that an assistant fireman learn the basic firing principles within a given length of time and qualify for firing within another certain date. 3. A man must fire for at least 6 months before become ing a repairman. This is very essential because many 21 repair jobs depend upon the knowledge of Operation procedures. 4. Farming out men to various other departments dur- ing slack times to learn pipe fitting.fWe1ding, pipe covering, etc.. Encouraging Egg £3 Belong 33 National Organizations In the near future Lansing will have a chapter of the National Association of Power Engineers. Our men will be great- ly encouraged to Join this organization. Question-Answer Sheets Various question-answer sheets are cut out of magazines and posted on the bulletin board. Also, a question box is pro- vided and at regular intervals 8 question-answer sheet is made up of these questions and posted on the bulletin board. Lgbgg_Re1ations The only prevailing problem.is an excessive amount of labor turn over. This is a very serious problem.and should be given careful inspection. Following are the various reasons and remedies for ex- cessive turn over: 1. Low Wages. 2. Advancements and Transfers. 3. Deaths and Retirements. g2! E1892 ( 30% per year) Low wages are the most common reason for labor turn over. This is the most expensive because it is the most progressive and lost conscientious employees that leave for this reason. Consequentially, wages should correspond with wages in other 22 industries in that area. Advancements and Transfers ( 14% peryear) It is a healthy plant that can offer advancement and transfers. They should be e couraged for a happy man is a faithful employee. Training programs are a must to have train- ed men to fill vacancies. Deaths ggd'Retirements ( 7% per year) Although this is the smallest of the group, it may be more costly because these are the men that have been with the plant for sometime. As stated above, a plant.must carry a full scale training program to fulfill these vacancies. OPERATION PROCEDURES Organization calls for some method of procedures of con- fusion and waste is to be a minimum. These procedures should be as simple as possible, yet having various degrees of flex- ibility which depends upon each particular phase of operation. That is, you may write a guide for operation yet you cannot always give orders on how to handle each specific operation. Operation MPnual5 The operation manual is a reference book without which no well organized plant can do. It should be so constructed that new material, changes in procedures, and obsolete mater- ‘ ial may easily be removed or added. An obsolete manual is of no value and Just makes for confusion. Following is a construction guide in preparing the manual: 1. Be written at the lowest employees level. -----5. Personnel interview with.Mr. Herle Newkirk, Power Division, The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, Michigan. Fig. 6 Boiler Control Panel 23 24 2. Contain as much descriptive material, illustra- tions, and definitions as is necessary to make good comprehension of text. 3. Contain all plant policies, such as duties, care of equipment, general operation instructions, etc.. 4. EXplain as completely as possible what to do in ex- treme emergencies, such as low water, loss of fire, loss of boiler tubes, etc.. Lighting 9;: Egg Securing Each fireman should be able to light off and secure all equipment in his charge. Consequentially, a definite proce- dure, which has been found most satisfactory, should be in- cluded in the operation manual and followed by all personnel. As improper lighting off and securing may decrease the life of the equipment, proper explanations and training should be included in the plant training program. 9333 2£_Equipnent The life of the equipment depends greatly upon the care that it has while it is in service. MOst equipment outages may be traced back to faulty operational care either through care- lessness, lack of experienced operators, or both. Therefore, both training programs and operation manuals are necessary. They should contain procedures for regular checking of equipment, greasing and oiling charts, and the readiness of all standby equipment. Operational Controls6 6. Oliver Lyle, The Efficient Use of Steam, London, His 0 ijestys' Stationery Office, 1947, pages 763-764. 25 For proper plant oper"tion all operating personnel must understand the controls that they operate. This should in- clude a fundamental knowledge of combustion, mechanics of controls, and proper care of the same. If the plant objective is to be maintained, the manual must go into great detail and include illustrations to cover this material. Also, training programs should be included if waste is to be a minimum. Standby Equipment A definite procedure must be maintained for standby e- quipment. As this equipment may be needed on instant notice. This procedure should include oiling, turning machinery over, checking of alinement of valves, and the working of automatic equipment if provided. Running Proper Equipment Where two sizes of equipment are provided, definite pro- cedures should be set up on the use of this equipment. The resulting savings of running proper size equipment is war- ranted.7 In addition, care should be used in running other unnecessary equipment, such as coal elevators, pumps, under- bunker conveyors, etc.. Loading 3; Boilers Procedures should be set up for the correct loadings of boilers. This should contain such information as banking boil- 7. Robert H. Fernald and George A. Orrok, Engineering of Power Plants, few York, McGraw—Hill Book Company, Inc., 1927, page 743. 26 ers, excessive loads, and psrtiel outnges. Again it is the Operation manuel and training programs which should completely cover this subject if the ultimate objective is to be msintsined. Running L95 Some form of a running log should be kept on the Opera- ting desk. This book is to be used for day by day instructions, notices of faulty equipment, operational needs, logging of e- quipment outeges, etc.. This log should be complete and signed by the proper men of every shift. After the books sre completed, they should be stored in the operating desk, where they may be referred to by all personnel. Alternating Eguipment Records should be kept on the running time of all equip- ment. From these records running time on duplicate machinery should be equelized ss much 98 possible. The reasons for this are as follows: 1. To get msximum use of original investment. 2. To keep 911 mmchinery in good repnir.‘ Operational Safety To protect both men and eouipment, when the lptter is be- ing repaired, definite sefety procedures should be followed. These should cortsin pr0per methods of tsging, throwing of switches, and logging of equipment out of service. The proce- dures should be compulsory for all personrel and disciplinary action should be worrsnted in cese of fsilure to follow sqfety. rules. I 4er 3m. 3 no. Hum—nag 9.... _n_.__._:mv3_oi m...“ moanmfi .nn:&1a: nan—£3 Eves—...!“ wags: E.“ SE .3 ____.._o§. m: 31:3 ago—.1“. 03R mum: 8553* mm Bun—Rn an... 8:. Eamon—g “ER on". I _- -T-_ __ ;‘ can a ram Dots r17" 7 Fig. n I" ’l-lntl 5“: Fig. 28 EQUIPMENT Name at Station Equipment out of Service Authorized by A. M. Time Tagged l M. 00" Tagged by Name at noon elia is to work an equipment Describe wall: to be daee Removal will be ordeted by Authotixed by mhmdmmndh Removed by A. M. 2:2:%u I». '*" mm 8 29 §w§.v331<§:8938re2an&33ei39832£roast... Bacégiagodaggcigtwrr l... 9333}. >33333uaeuqfloalgiegzriiqoggfieanr3332.2 m&§g§_§araaoz§3o§§§2n§§§3enrew3 goon-...”... :2... so «mzeauqoaneu are. ...-r 3. re 3:83.. .33. aara 3 go 8 a3 32:... .33 1.. .52. 9893.3. 2. 05% 0.333... 2.. .58.. as: ... 18... en:— a- 89 at 333.... S... 26 w 3382. 21 8.3.8.: 3....— 89 8!. s 3 3e 03». «:9ho. 32.3. .3... (.33 1.. cl: 28.3.8. T TRANSMISSION LINE mm m Muumm Mun "MAE-“(WWLL mmmwwmmmmm mmuwmdmmm fummummmmwm «.471 I I Fig. 9 30 Following are examples of tegs and tagging8 rules used in this plent: Safety rules Dre an attempt by the management to control un3”fe practices. This is not a sole function by the management and all men are requested and encour- aged to make suggestions for new or modiried safety rules. The violation of safety rules is a serious offense and will result in lay-off or dismissal. Many rules are mmde to be broken intelligently. Not so with safety rules-it is seldom intelligent to break snfety rules. TAGGIEG §§L§§ 1. Three types of safety tags are provided for gener- al use. They are the yellow "defective apparatus" tag (Fig. 7, page 27), the green "warning" tag (Fig. 8, page 28), and the red "E" or "T" tag (Fig. 9, page 29). The yellow tag is filled out and placed on any piece of apparatus which is out of order or which does not function properly. It may be either in or out of ser- vice. The green warning tag is filled out and placed on any apparatus which reouires special precautions in operation or handling in order to proteCt the equip- ment from damsge. The red "E” or "T" tags are filled out and placed wherever operation would endanger the workmen. The “T" or Transmission line tags are used on ----- 8. The t°gs and tagging rules information was received from MI. William Butler, Chief Power Plant Engineer, Dov Chemical Co., Ludington, Michigan. 31 the switchboard only. The "E" or Equipment tags are used on all other equipment. 2. Nb red tag is ever to be removed or the equipment operated which is under the protection of a red tag without authorized permission from the person so des- ignated on the tag. 3. Nb valve or switch is ever to be operated with a red tag in place. The proper man must first remove it. 4. All tags must be obtained from the foreman..All red tags are numbered and a record of their locations is kept by the fireman. ro red tags may be placed except by permission from the supervisor. no maintenance work may be started without first obtaining written clear- ance from.the supervisor. The red tag properly filled out and placed constitutes this written clearance. 5. Any red tag may be removed after working hours only by a superior to the man who placed it after a careful investigation has been made. 6. The responsibility of seeing that tags are properly placed to protect maintenance crews rests solely with the fireman. maintenance men should assure themselves that they are properly protected before starting work. L£§§§ g CHAINS It should be born in mind that in some dark locations a red tag is little or no protection because it may not be readily seen. Locks and chains are sometimes used in such locations. 32 Problems Operation procedure problems are as follows: 1. Trained personnel. 2. Changing of procedures. 3. Sacrificing economy for reliability. Trained Personnel9 As economy and reliability of the plant rest with the ex- perience of the operating personnel, it is very important that these men are highly trained.'With trained men desirable pro- cedures become a habit, thus, reliability and economy increase. Therefore, training programs and correct wages are very essen- tial in the well organized plant.. . Changing 2: Procedures From time to time it becomes necessary to change opera- tional procedures. This may be due to new and better methods or replacing of obsolete equipment. Consequentially, operation manuals and training must be kept up to date to avoid result- ing confusion. Sacrificing Economy £23 Reliability There are times that it is very difficult to decide which has preference over the other, economy or reliability. This is a supervision problem and can only be answered by knowing the existing condition of equipment and the lapse of time that standby equipment may be put irto service. To solve such problems it is well to weigh the cost of run- ning extra equipment against the value of reliability. Follow- -----9. David Moffat Myers, Reducing Industrial Power Cost, New York, McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc., 1936, page 16. ing are a few suggestions in solving this problem: 1. Keeping records of running time of equipment be- tween outages. 2. Keeping records of known maintenance work to be done on ecuipment when it is out of service. 7. Practice preventive maintenance. OPERATING COEDITIONS Due to varying weather conditions, working and school hours, and human habits, steam demand is a variable. This de- mand varies from day to day and season to season as tne ac- companying graphs and Charts show. Therefore, it is well to discuss summer and winter operations. Winter Operation Winter operation is considered the period when classes begin in late September till the beginning of June. This is the period when heating processing and electric loads are the maximum as shown in the accompanying graphs (Figs. 10 and 11, pages 34 and 35). Boiler nggg With the opening of school in late September throughout October week day peak loads of 150,000 lbs. steam per hour may be expected. These peaks are usually for periods of about 6 hours during the day. On Saturdays the peak load is about 150,000 while the Sunday peak is only about 110,000. Consequentially, during the week two boilers are operated. While on Friday night one boiler may be secured and lit off again on Monday morning. This means that for a period of a few hours on Saturday some electrical power will have to be pur- till! ‘1 1o ing are a few suggestions in solving this problem: 1. Keeping records of running time of equipment be- tween outages. 2. Kbeping records of known maintenance work to be done on equipment when it is out of service. ?. Practice preventive maintenance. OPERATING CONDITIONS Due to varying weather conditions, working 9nd school hours, and human habits, steam demsnd is P verisble. This de- mand veries from dey to dey PDQ season to seeson es tne pc- eompsnying grspns end ch°rts show. Therefore, it is well to discuss summer and winter operetions. ‘Winter Operation Winter operation is considered the period when clssses begin in late September till the beginning of June. This is the period when heating processing end electric loads are the mmximum es shown in the accompanying graphs (Figs. 10 and 11, psges 54 and 35). Boiler ngdg With the opening of school in late September throughout October week dey peek loads of 150,000 lbs. steam.per hour may be expected. These peeks are usually for periods of about 6 hours during the day. On Saturdpys the peek loed is about 150,000 while the Sunday peak is only about 110,000. Consequentially, during the week two boilers are operated. While on Fridey night one boiler may be secured and lit off again on MOndsy morning. This means that for a period of a few hours on Seturdsy some electricsl power will have to be pur- O 'l -.- i ! A-.—.- liL; -.-- r-_-T——.—._._q .. .. .... . . . . ... m . _ , a n n ,. ... -. ... :yl'-+lilri.l .96...- _ v . lltztil‘.\;:'1 ‘ 0’4 ‘l‘. v1.4!" 14"" 1" I - -.....- . -..--.4,--.. e l 5 l _ 9- .. L- -. n. . .1 l I An... "HTML ' I 44.1. A’\ J, 3'. ~--.. 0“» —» 1 chased to keep the boiler within its operating limit. However, the electrical tie-in with the city of Lansing is only rated at 2500 kw. Thus, when the electrical load is beyond the safe operating capacity of one boiler, both boilers will have to operate over the week-ends. This is also true when the heatirg load is too high to be supplied by turbine extraction for a given electrical load. 'With the coming of November, week day boiler loads may be expected of 190,000 lbs. per hour and week-end loads of 140,000. So, two boilers must be operated continuously. . From the first of December until the last of March, peak loads of 220,000 lbs. per hour or more may be expected. It is a system.policy to operate both plants for economy and relia- bility. The north campus plant is to furnish steam for the small turbines and the 100 1b. heating and process system.while the south campus plant furnishes steam.for the large turbines' and their accompanying 100 lb. and 5 lb. extractions. During Christmas vacation (a period of 3 weeks) the steam peak will decrease to about 160,000 lbs. per hour. Therefore, one boiler in each plant may be Operated. Each boiler may have a week of outage for necessnry boiler repairs at this time. Then, in march between school terms (another two weeks) loads peaks of 150,000 lbs. per hour or lower may be utilized for boiler repairs. From.the period of April through.May load peaks decrease. Therefore, the south campus plant operates two boilers while the north campus plant is secured. Reliability 37 The operating objective is the production of steam for heating while electrical power is a by-product. The reason for this is that electrical power may be purchased while heating steam is unavailable on the market. Therefore, winter produc- tion must be adequate and reliable at all times to meet this heating demand. To insure reliability, economy may have to be sacrificed. This may be explained by referring to the monthly load sheet for February (Fig. 12, page 38). From.this sheet the highest south campus peak load was 170,000 lbs. per hour, the lowest 132,000, while the average load was 165,000. The north campus plant average load was 40,000 and the system peak was 219,000. The south campus plant could possibly have handled the entire load at all times throughout the month. Since, this would have been maximum load on each boiler leaving no leeway in case of partial outages, to insure a continuous steam sup- ply to all consumers an additional boiler was operated and economy was sacrificed for reliability. Reliability problems are as follows: 1. Trained personnel. 2. Electrically operated auxiliaries. 3. Dependency on north campus plant. 4. One source of electrical power. 5. no auxiliary lighting circuit. 6. Need of larger electrical tie-in. 7. Dependable coal system. The first item.W”s covered under personnel. The next three items are all related. They may be explained as follows. 1101111111 LOAD SHEET 38 Month of FEBRUARY Fig. 12 r" ' ' ‘ ‘ “ I I DAY I COAL I 10A0 IN THOUS AND LBS/HR STEAM LoAb/DAI I EVA} F 8 I I ”I" “I ‘ I “ * ' I MAX : TIME I I i TONS/DAY I AVER I MIN TIME I INTEGRATUR ACTUAL I RATE j 1212 1 ; 158 ? 125 I 105 I An I 118 I9 21 f2190 I3110000 28.5 i 181 2 I 176 : 137 91 I I 161 ,2 Eu : 2617 I3280000 I 9.3 . 177 a * 176 I 110 101 11 PH I 157 :9 Au . 2592 I3210000 I 9.2 ' 180 I 160 I 132 109I 2 PM ' 112 :7 Au 5 2361 g2957250 % 9.2 187 5 I 132 I 115 I 100I12 I I 120 12 n . 2175 I2720000 ' 8.9 . 190 6 I 175.5 3 130 I 96* 1 AM I 155 10 Au 3 2510 I3110000 I 9.1 I 185 7 I 171 I 135 101 2 AM I 157 ’9 An I 2531I3170000 9.1 182 8 I 177 I 138 I 107I 2 An I 157 I9A n I 2653 I3310000 2 9.35 . 182 9 I 185.7 I 110 108 L3 An ; 160 I1 an I 2571I3220000 I 8.7 187 10 I 171.3 _ 130 I 97. 1 PM . 151 12 N . 2161 3080000 I 8.8 188 11 . 152. I 112 I 58 I 3 111 i 132 12 An I 2126 2660000 5 8.8 186 12 I 161.0 I 115 I 95 -1 AM i 133 9 An I 2200 I2750000 , 8.55 , 190 1 . 181.8 111 I 99I12 u I 161I 2 PH 2 2605 '3280000 ' 8.85 . 186 1 P 181.0 I 135 I 90? 3 Am I 155 3 PM I 2178 I3100000 I 8.57 , 165 15 I 181.9 I 1 8 I 98I 3 An I 160 11 An I 2511 I3180000 8.60 186 ' 16 : 189.1 135 102 2 AM I 151 9 AM I 2199 3120000 _ 8.27 186 17 ’ 167.5 129 i 91: 2 AM I 111 11 Au ; 2332 2910000 I 8.7 182 18 t 157.7 115 I 96I 1 AM I 125 10 AM I 2077 2600000 I 8.21 187 19 I 151.3 111 I 95: 2 Am 128 10 PH 2087 72610000 . 8.37 190 ' 20 166.8 13g I 110; 2 AM I 170 I9 AM . 2 18 I3190000 I 9,; , 186 3 21 187.2 1 I 109i 3 11 ; 150 10 AM . 2 05 I3000000 I 8.05 ‘ 186 : 22 182.7 110 . 101 11 PM 116 10 AM 2328 I2910000 I 8.00 186 L 23 167.0 130 : 90 2 AM I 138I1 PM 2235 I2800000 I 8.37 , I 2 110.7 125 I 81, 2 AM I 138 10 AM . 2252 I2810000 8.2 E 188 I 25 161.7 127 ‘ 93 2 Au : 117 10 An I 2058 I2560000 I 7.92 . 186 I 26 152.2 105 I 81 5 PM I 127 10 AM 1965 2560000 8.1' “ I 188 ; 27 . 161.1 110 I 83512 n . 138I 8 An 2100 I2630000 I 8.15 I 188 28 3 152.1 100 I 77 3 AM I 127 I11 AM 1980 32180000 . 8.15 I 190 -4 «.- +_ a~m.._.m -_- __,_,.,____,_ 39 -'With loss of the electric circuit which feed the plant or the complete loss of all campus circuits the plant is automatically secured because all auxiliaries except one boil- er feed water pump are electrically driven. Also, if the north campus house circuit fails, the plant is without a source of feed water since all water pumps (both feed water booster and raw water) are in the north campus plant. The only south campus feed water reserve is-a 50,000 lb. storage tank which is a half hour supply at the most. It must also be kept in mind that while the turbines may be out of service the heating load is still in demand. This may cause a serious condition as this demand for heating steam may draw the boiler pressures down to the danger point before electrical supply is resumed. It is recommended that a non-condensing house turbogenera- tor be installed in the south campus plant to remedy this con- dition. Another possible solution could be an electrical tie- in with the Consumers Power Company. At the same time a raw water pump should be installed from the new reservoir on our electric circuit for use as an emergency feed water supply. . As for item.number 5, at the present time there is no auxiliary lighting circuit. The author feels that if plant casualties in darkness are to be handled in minimum time it is necessary to install this lighting system immediately. Item number 6 (Need of larger electrical tie-in) is very important. lot only will it increase plant reliability but will increase plant economy by being able to buy when load 40 peaks of short duration means two-boiler operation. Also, when the plant is operating two boilers at near peak load and a partial outage takes place due to stoker troubles a larger tie-in would handle the electrical load thus releas- ing this steam for heating until necessary stoker repairs are mas. The last item is covered under coal (page 53) and may be referred to under that heading. Summer Qperation Summer operation covers the period from the first of dune until school starts late in September. This is the period when heating, processing, and electrical loads are a minimum. Therefore, during this period all large scale plant maintenance should be accomplished. Summer nggg The highest loads during this period may be expected the first two weeks in June. By referring to Fig. 13, page 41, it may be seen that a week day peak of 113,000 lbs. per hour was obtained. While during the later part of the month daily peak loads were only 94,000, while daily average peaks were'?5,000 and the minimum.peaks were 68,000. This is comparable to daily loads during July and August. -This calls for one-boiler operation. Therefore, summer maintenance is completed on the secured boiler, then the boil- ers are reversed and the other boilers' maintenance is some pleted. From.the first of September until school starts, when campus activities are the least, the steam peak is 75,000 lbs. 3 312 l 7.4 O‘Qmflmkfl ‘1’me HHHHH \JIKKJJIUH 116 M. ...-NH HBQOQN O 0 r. 10' r 3%--C3. '26 N .4 {32% M «3 GOAL ’TUNS/ DAY ' 1722 3210 g 9 111.6 115.2 109.1 9h.6 106.5 102.5 97.7 102.0 102.1 89.9 80.6 101.1 89 36.3 87.5 80.8 76.8 93.2 97.7 87.8 88.8 83.5 76.5 68.9 89.2 96.2 97.5 97.7 97.0 MDNTIQY LOAD SHEET Month of June Fig. 13 I 1010 In THOUSANDS LBS/HR { 31212 1010/ DAY l l . T ' ' TIME ‘013 F 1103 1022021100: ACTUAL 90 ;6o 3 AM 106 i 2 1m ' 1636 920h2h00 80 {62 0 AM 110 9 AM 1688 @2110000 80 F 60 2 PM. 99 . 11 10 f 1h98 f1872500 75 a65 2 AM 89 u PM 1h37 '1796250 79 '61 5 AM 102 . 10 AM 1603 2003750 - 82 , 58 2 10:131 , 12 N 1591 1989750 , 80 760 6 AM 100 : 5 PM 1585 1960000 ' 82 i 62 5 pm 100 u AM 1603 2030000 81 ’60 5 AM 101 3 PM 1509 1960000 70 g58 3 AM; 86 10 AM 1378 1720000 70 55 3 in: 75 12 N 1250 1560000 78 :57 2 AM 100 11 AM 1097 1870000 81 51 2 Amf108 _ 11 AM , 1515 1890000 77 -60 12 M a 90 3 12 N 1356 1700000 76 56 ‘ 1 10% 89 12 N 1329 '1660000 76 j56 3 in: 88 3 PM 1532 1680000 70 55 1 An; 79 1 9 AM 1227 1530000 69 5M 3 AM 75 . 10 am 1200 1500000 75 :50 1 5 12’ 92 9 AM 1037 71796250 70 '58 12 u 1 92 10 AM 1010 1767500 72 5h 3 Auf 90 11 AM 1387 1700000 75 53 3 AM' 92 10 AM 1381 172900 70 53 3 AM? 91 10 12 126k 1585000 67 .50 6 AM! 72 10 A3 1106 1381000 65 :52 2 Aug 66 12 N 1130 1019000 7h 70 7 PM, 92 j 10 AM 1377 1721000 77 '52 3 AM' 93 . 12H 1390 1738000 75 .53 3 am- 88 ‘ 2 AM 1000 17h0000 76 '52 1 AM‘ 90 ; 12 N 1376 1720000 77 '52 1 AM: 99 1380 1725000 , 11 AM , 41 I EVA} RATE QTNKJI 9' mmm amen» F‘J-sl J1 3N0 (RN 1:: 60102001001060 3‘on 90020602003100 0 H D o e F’ 00000000306060 I \DOQKD CH '23; 2'22 ' 219 . 218 ' 831 221 223 216 216 216 218 220 0)") {_1, 919 98 61 7 219 216 9.2?“ .7390 219 9,90 , 2.730 219 . 219 225 ' 227 -2PM i227 42 per hour. The electrical peak loads are 3500 kw. During this period the south campus plant is.secured for plant maintenance which cannot be completed when a boiler is on the line. Consequentially, two boilers must be operated in the north campus plant to meet the necessary steam demand. Reliability During summer Operation the steam demand peaks for heat- ing and processing range from 25,000 to 35,000 lbs. per hour, while maximum electrical demand is 4800 kw. Thus, for partial boiler outages electrical power must be purchased. Summer reliability is somewhat sacrificed for economy to complete necessary plant maintenance. Also, the possibility of outages is greatly reduced by decreased loads and well main- tained boilers. Problems Besides the problems listed under reliability the followa ing operational problems exist. 1. During summer operation the steam.extraction load is very small compared to the existing electrical load. Also, during extremely dry periods condenser cooling water not being available in sufficient quantities and at temperatures under 80°F. is a problem. Consequentially, to meet the electrical de- mand peaks either electrical power must be purchased or steam must be vented to the atmosphere. 2. In winter operation steam.extractions from turbines, while running only south campus plant,may not be sufficient for existing heating loads, Therefore, there are times when a re- ducing station (from 300 to 100 psi) and the desuperheater must 45 be used. The first problem is being investigated in a thesis by Michael Delich and Douglas Lee, whose problem is to determine if it would be practical to operate during the summer season with.Diese1 generators and a small package boiler for steam generation. If this solution should prove feasible besides solving the summer operational problem, it would make it pos- sible to overhaul the complete plant each summer. . Also, another aid to better summer operation, if the col- lege continues to expand, is to investigate the possibilities of evaporator condensers for future generators. A possible solution for the second problem is the addi- tion of either a 7500 kw or 5000 kw turbogenerator with double extraction. This machine would reduce the present necessary use of the reduction station considerably. OPERATION RECORDSlo Records are a continuous history of the plant. Therefore, the records should be adequate and complete. They are used for reference, determining future demands, need of boiler mainten- ance, boiler control, plant efficiencies, etc.. ygggg g; Records So great is the amount of information needed to properly operate a power plant that no one group of persons can quickly produce the necessary information from memory, thus, records are necessary. Some records are required by law, others by in- - -10. Frederick T. Mbrse, Power Plant Engineering and Design, New York, D. Van Nostrand Co., Inc., 1942, page 672. 44 surance companies, while still others are needed to obtain plant production information. Following is a list of various needs for records: 1. To maintain proper boiler control. 2. To plot various data sheets such as daily peaks, monthly peaks, service time, etc.. 3. To practice preventive maintenance. 4. To determine future load trends. 5. Value of trained personnel. 6. Future need for ecuipment and possible plant expan- sion. EIEEE 2; Records Some of the various types of records used are as follows: 1. Metering charts, such as steamsair flow, flue gas temperatures, 002, steam.pressure, etc.. 2. Daily, weekly, monthly, etc., production control records. See Figs. 14 and 15, pages 45 and 46. 3. Efficiency test data records. See Fig. 16, page 47. 4. Machinery running time records. EYalusting Records Records should not be made and then Just filed almy'for future reference. They should be studied very carefully for ways and means of increasing plant reliability, economy, and efficiency. Below is a list of several items that may be used as a guide in evaluating records: 1. Checking flue gas temperatures charts for indications of leaky baffles. ‘_“"b_ _ 0.00 000.000.0 00 :0 00.0 000.000.0 000.000 .000 000.000.0 000.000.00 000.000 000.000.00 000.000.u .000 0.00 0.00 000.00 000.000.0 :0 00 000.0: 00.0 000.000.0 000.000 00 0.00 0.00 000.0: 000.000.0 00 00 000.00 00.0 000.000.0 000.000 00 0.00 0.00 000.00 000.00:.0 00 00 000.00 00.0 000.000.0 000.000 00 0.00 0.00 000.00 0000000.0 00 00 000.0 00.0 000.000.0 0 00.000 00 0.00 0.00 000.00 000.000.0 00. :0 000.00 00.0 000.000.0 000.000 00 0.00 0.00 000.00 000.000.0 00 00 000.00 00.0 000.000.0 000.000 00 m.00 0.00 000.00 000.000.0 00 :0 000.00 00.0 000.000.0 000.000 0 .00 0.00 000.000 000.000.0 00 00 000.00 00.0 000.000.0 000.000 :0 0.00 0.00 000.00 000.00:.0 00.00 000.00 02.0 000.00:.0 000.000 0 0.00 0.00 000.00 000.000.0 00 00 000.00 00.0 000.00:.0 000.000 00. 0.00 0.00 000.00 000.000.0 00 00 000.00 00.0 000.000.0 000.000 00 0.00 0.00 000.00 000.000.0 00 00 000.00 00.0 000.000.0 000.000 00 0.00 0.00 000.0 000.000.0 00 00 000.00 00.0 000.0000 000.000 00 0.00 0.00 000.00 000.000.0 00 :0 000.00 00.0 000.000.0 000.000 00 0.00 0.00 000.00 000.000.0 00 :0 000.00 00.0 000.000.0 000.000 00 m 0.00 0.00 000.00 000.000.0 00 00 000.00 00.0 0:0.000.0 000.000 00 0.00 0.00 000.00 000.00:.0 00 00 000.00 00.0 000.000.0 000.000 00 0.00 0.00 000.00 000.000.0 0: :0 000.00 00.0 000.000.0 000.000 00 0.00 0.00 000.00 _ 000.000.0 00. :0 000.0 00.0 000.000.0 000.000 00 0.00 0.00 000.00 000.000.0 00. 00 000.00 00.0 000.000.0 000.000 00 0.00 0.00 000.0 000.000.0 00, 00 000.00 00.0 000.000.0 000.000 00 0.00 0.00 000.00 000.0:0.0 00 00 000.00 00.0 000.0:0.0 000.000 00 0.00 0.00 _ 09.00 000.0000 :0 00 000.00 00.0 000.000; 000.000 0 .0.00_ 0.00 0 000.00 000.000.0 _ 00. 00 000.00 00.0 0 0.000.0 000.000 0 0.00 0.00 w 000.00 000.000.0 H 00 :0 000.00 00.0 000.000.0 000.000 0 0.00. 0.0; 000000 000.000.0 0 00H :0 000.00 00.0 000.000.0 000.000 0 0.00“ 0.00 000.00 000.000.0 W 000 :0 000.00 00.0 000.000.0 000.000 0 0.00 0.00 000.0: _ 000.000.0 0 000 00 000.00 00.0 000.000.0 000.000 0 0.00 0.00 000.00 . 000.000.0 00_ 00 000.00 00.0 000.000.0 000.000 0 0.00. 0.00 000.0: 000.000.0 00“ 00 000.00 00.0 000.000.0 000.000 0 0.00 0.00 000.00 000.000.0 00“ 00 000.00 00.0 000.000.0 0 000.000 0 l . _ 1-.» 1 .1- 0.. ..-..- . ,, , - .0 -. .. l . m --..H... 0:000 000 u 0 00000000 00 04000 00 000<0 000002 0000 00 W 0000000000 . 0400 . 0 >0 004000 0000 00000 000 M 00000 00 000 000000 0W 00 0000040. 00\00>0 000000 00 000 M 00 000 000000 040‘ 003. 00.0.0.3: 0.0300000 0.5.00 .000 0.8.0.03: 00.00 040» 0.5.0.0 0000090 000040.30 0.00.0.0 5.0000002 46 POWER PLANT DAILY OPERATING SHEET 8W DATE: 6/29/50 COAL 97- TONS 195,400 1.38 STEAM - 1,720,000 LBS EVAP.RATE 8- 80 AVER.OUTSIDE TEMP. 60.? DEG. F MAKEUP 15.41 $ 265.212 LBS EIECT.LOAD MAX. 4000 K.W. MIN. 240“ KJI. STEAM LOAD MAX. 90:09?) LBS/HR MIN. 52;nnn LBS/HR (6360) Fig. 15 7 - 4 . \<.vw\LmW . v. m WECSxxfiw o>\ (53$. QWMV!.&_ M. ad \ m. .3. x. .3 QQMSMRw max m...“ VS mxbx. «59 Sm. 8.9 )ww..4« ST [Io w.“ \.\ m. .2 u..\ dd. $5 won. 3 5m .22 w....\\ mi SW mm, 8m a4. .R SW. :1. \Q m.\ \o.w\ 5%. \ \V. &Q.&.Q %x 3&9 “and. Qmi§ xx .9? a¢WzW§ \kQ “fin. Sm, gm. um cw \9\..\\ ‘0‘}wa 3 \n. \ w. \. yd M: noun. Mm". Qwu.u\ wx ‘nfixugwxxx 3% mm, 3% gm. mw mw ao..\\ \2 5% “x .w .\ .N. .3. us. E £3. .on Rx uQ .313? .3\ >3 i.» 3% 8m. 3-43 32...? i 3 3 can .... w. .3. FM .: 89339..» .3 3% .22 3:; x ..s a}, 3m. awfl 3 $3 3.x x: 3 3.. m. N. 2%.. .3 Shah... 3 .2 .3\ txix a... 2:, Sm. 2m E \& .Q§ A.\ \i .nxx “a. N; n. \Q. 9.\ d4... SQ. mwwxvqm ix “1w. 3x xxx 5? ~28 \xfi $.me 3 .«N. F ékfi Q x: 3% WW 3 N. Q. @Q Jam. 36.30 33. m? xx .....S E 33 d3 Sh fiwévfiawm Kw his A.\ x1 .05 3. \ .\ . u. an. 4.x \md. \omh Ram-121m. m3 mw 19: Mx xxx 0 \xfime. gmxwm aux. 53w “x \2 .2 9m. \. n. us A.\ \wfiuxh wmmm...wwm. my us. ‘92 xxxmxx )3 $on 3m. $2 R. .WN BEN xx xi “x .2. \ .\ N... F JxNa. 3r... mum own, .3 m“. \3\ Q3)? fitéxbflxm; 3%an a.“ 2.« - 0 V .u M V nu JJ 1 / . d . EV. S 0 a a I I wind: VL ,, 0 . J L Q m m . . , . I N Sds JVHS .. .. “mm... mwmwmmmmmmm.mm$ _, WE... mmmm... WWW... .... ...“..-NHM... ”53 \c 3.73? ngm 62 $30 ... as g \No .02 ”EH8 c, Ham <93 ganged 309m 53. g EHom @6300 HBSHM gHmoHS 48 2. Checxirg log sheets for faulty operation. 3. Checking log sheets, chsrts, or other date for feulty equipment. .4. Studying records for wsys and mesns of increpsing ' plnnt reliability, economy, and efficiency. Problems After very thorough examination of operation records the following problems are ev1dent: 1. Need of qualified personnel. 2. Keeping records up to date. 3. Need of new record forms. At the present time a receptionist who is not trained handles the processing of records. This is a fill-in Job, there- fore, records cennot be kept up to date or evelueted 2nd pro- cessed correctly. Thus, if a full time qualified person was essigned this Job 9 net savings from.increesed plant efficiency and economy night more then ppy his wages as explained under the evaluation of records. COAL The proper fuel, fuel handling, testirg, and storsge Pro the lifeline of the plant. Therefore, 9 considable amount of expense and time are spent in the proper handling of cool. rolloving is a coal analysis which was taken from.the boiler efficiency guersntee: Moisture 3.6% Volatile MPtter 34.0% Fixed Carbon 55.4% Ash 7.0% 49 Sulphur 1.5% BTU per 1b. #3 fixed 13,500 Ash.Fusion Tempersture 2,5009F. The cool is dumped into n hopper outside the building either directly from.the c091 cars or by crene from the stock pile. From.here it is fed to the coal crusher there it is 'ground to o msximum size of 1 inch. Also, a crusher by-psss hes been provided for coals of 1% inch top size or under. A Redler conveyor system then lifts the coal from the crusher to overbunker conveyor which distributes the cool to the various bunkers, having a total cppscity of 750 tons. Coal then mny be drawn from any of the bunkers that are not directly above scales and fed to either boiler by the use of a Stock Engineering underbunker conveyor directly to the c021 scrle. See Fig. 17, pegs 50. The cool is then directed to various stoker feeder hop- pers through 9 Stock Engineering non-segregating c091 spout, whose cepecity is 3 ton of cosl which is ebout a helf hours supply after the coal feilure alarm rings. ~§ggl Stock Pilirg Pest experience hes shown that 9 stock pile of 30,000 tons of c021 should be msintsined through the winter months. This pile is built up during the summer for c0a1 emergencies during the heating senson. The building of this stock pilell is done in the follow- ----- 11. Interview with Hr. Frenk J. Lnke, Cosl Ergineer of the Ohio Coal Association; concerning correct method of stock pil- ing cool. 5O Fig. 17 C021 scale floor showing: A-underbunker conveyor, B-coel bunkers, C-cosl scale, and D-cosl elevetor. Fig. 18 Constructing the 30,000 ton stock pile. At present time stock pile contains about 10,000 tons. ing manner. Coal is unloeded from the cars by crsne to the stock pile, while a bulldozer continuously pecks and grades the pile in convex layers of approximately 6 inches. See Fig. 18, above. This pile must be carefully built to avoid fires because cosl msy not be removed from the pile for a period of years. Thus, thermocouples are installed at various points to deter- mine when the pile becomes overheeted end the resulting hot spots must be removed. This stock pile is located about 1200 52 feet from the plant. Alongside the plant a storage pile of about 7,000 tons may be kept. Here, however, coal is constantly removed or add- ed, therefore, careful building of this pile is very diffi- cult to maintain. The pile is completely removed once a year so that no old coal is left on the bottom from one year to the next. This reduces the possibility of coal fires consider- ably. For all new coals that the purchasing agent may order, coal performance tests are nmde and a resulting report is sent to him concerning advisability of continuing purchase of said. coal. The tests are run for periods of 48 to 60 hours depending on operating conditions. During these tests, data for two or three different steady loads for periods of 8 hours or more are obtained besides the overall 24 hour periods. Some of the data recorded and noted are firing character- istics at various loads, slaging effect, amount of ash, evap- oration rate, fuel bed thickness, coal analysis, and cost of coal per thousand lbs. of steam. With this information and comparison between different coals the purchasing agent and power superintendent can chose the proper coal to be used. Below is the chemical analysis of two typical coals in use at the present time. ‘ Coal A Coal B Moisture 1.76 1.51 ABh 10.03 8.82 53 C091 A Coal B Volatile Matter 37.27 34.82 Fixed Carbon 50.99 54.85 Sulphur 2.80 1.26 BTU per lb. as fixed 12,948 13,526 923; Problems At the present there are three outstanding problems per- taining to coal. They are as follows: 1. Coal handling system. 2. Excessive fly ash and sulphur gases. 3. Possibility of dust explosions in bunker room. Egg; Handling . At the present time the plant is dependent on one coal elevator system and reliability of this system is very doubt- ful. In fact, we have had on one occasion to construct a temp porary system to avoid a forced outage. (See Figs. 19 and 20, pages 54 and 55). On several other occasions employees have to work long hours. To rectify this condition, it is recommended to install a bucket type coal elevator immediately. Then, eventually, when finances are available to install an incline belt conveyor. This conveyor would: 1. Allow the unloading and storage of coal some dis- tance from the plant. 2. Increase reliability. 3. Decrease maintenance. 4. Improve plant appearance. Excessive Ely Ash Egg Sulphur gages With our present low stacks and the forced draft fans taking their air supply from east side of the building causes Fig. 19 Emergency method used to ele- vate coal to coal seales. 0021 is fed to the temporary hopper by crane. Also, see Fig. 20, pg. 55. 54 55 4 no: names Haoo Hopaenwa pSoSpHB .Anopmnpwb Huoo opozv .moaaow Haoo \ op Hmmgos hechoaacp one Scam pom ma Hmoo Bo: mewaoflm Empmaw Hopa>mao Hmoo hosowaoao mo scab meflmsH om .maa ‘-.‘--—.__ '- _._.~_._-, ‘-—07’— .--.y- -, ”34¢ \ .. ... ......5... 0. [III OI : _/U. ..J. , 56 the gases and fly ash to sweep toward the ground before they become defused. This makes very unpleasant atmospheric condi- tions in the surrounding area. A 250 ft. stack will soon be built at the north end of the building to overcome this condition. This would make it pos- sible to burn cheaper coals of higher sulphur content. .The fly ash problem is partially solved by removing the fly ash from the precipitator hopper by use of the ash system instead of re-injection. This decreases the amount of ash re- circulating through the boiler considerably, consequentially, reduces the amount of ash thrown to the atmosphere. gossibility g; 2323 Explosion in Bunker 3293. At the present time the coal bunkers are open at the top and the surrounding room becomes filled with dust from falling coal as bunkers are filled. Shortly a ventilating system.will be installed. It will draw 3,000 c.f.m. continuously from the bunker room and dis- charge this air to the boiler secondary air system. In fact, the fan used will be the small secondary air fan. Also, a dame per arrangement will be used where outside air or building air or a combination of both may be fed to the bunker room. When the new conveying system is installed a floor will be built a- bove the bunkers, therefore, reducing the amount of dust con- siderably. . BOILER FEED WATER Today, with the increase of technical improvements our feed water treating system is considered a fairly well design- ed plant. The desire to obtain the water treatment objectives 57 (prevention of scale, corrosion, carryover, and caustic en- brittlement)12 are steadily: 1. Increasing the dependability of boiler service. 2. Decreasing repair costs of feed water lines, boiler tubes, heating system lines and auxiliaries, and con- densate return lines. 5. Increasing the length of time a boiler can be on the line between extensive boiler cleaning periods. However, it is to be kept in mind that correct design is only half the problem. The system.mnst be operated correctly if the desired results are to be obtained. This may be accomplish- ed by: 1. A complete understanding of tne feed water system. 2. Proper check-ups and control at various key points in the system. Feed E2223 System The system consists of 80 percent return condensate and 20 percent make-up. The make-up feed is a blended hydrogen, sodium.zeolite softened water. The blending is such as to pro- duce a neutral water (P.H. 7.0). After softening, the make-up is degasified and is mixed with the returning condensate in the deaerator heater. From.here it goes to the boilers where chemical additions are made (so- dim sulphite to reduce dissolved oxygen and disodium phos- Ifluate to reduce scale forming salts). A schematic feed water 12. E.W. Feller, "Fundamental of Feed water Treatment“, Power Magazine, December, 1947. -flr-p- 58 system diagram is provided for a more complete picture. See Fig. 21, page 59. Below is a chemical analysis before and after softening:13 Report Units Before After Softening Softening Blended water Ph value Hydrogenion 7.4 70 Silica 8102 ppm l2 l6 Oxides Fe203 ' 1 1 Calcium Ca ' 84 1 Sodium. Na ' 1 . l5 Magnesium mg " 30 .2 Bicarbonate H003 ' 582 41 Chloride Cl ' 5 3 Sulphate SO " 15 2O Hardness Caéos " 333 4 Dissolved - " 390 67.5 Solids Boiler gate; Control The internal condition of the boilers depends on a ridged control of the feed water and continuous blowdown of Operation boilers. This is done as follows: 1. Daily chemical analysis of all operating boilers. See Fig. 22, page 60. 2. Daily chemical analysis of boiler feed water. 3. Frequent check on each softener. 4. Correct balancing of Hydrogen to Sodium water. 5. Correct interpretation of all chemical analysis. 6. Controling of the continuous blowdown from each operating boiler. ‘With the correct correlation of the above data and proper control the boilers when secured for summer repairs were found in very good condition (See Fig. 23, page 61). In fact, it Was 13. Chemical analysis supplied by Hall Laboratories, march 22, 1949. W .nVuMLIA‘MI YZJ‘Lr WOIQKOFW a FZ/cja WEE/OD 0.02 ..r< EMmem mwmu<>>0mmm 238390 39.2 .-.rz/ou .Fig. 21 _ T———"__’_“ r H, rmb‘ux GIFJQJAO 1.. flxw, r Mu ‘ii - IiiIlLr II -‘Iiitl iii.‘.. m .E «ii «flNL [JV ZorEooQ 12.0.2qu i 7,; mar . ZC _ 4| _ _ ...—5.1”10 . l I iii. 0, l lul‘il 0.. 1 ..I I. u lel l.‘ in. tl'p.'|!.i'\ ll‘lllii mud. .GE Isaac thank ezikmz 1.(¢D pr. \ \Vx FIE 30.5 etc..—{VB J ”Wad + are first stmvé: £3.00 HzfimPr aJ(> 023E Elicia 353.60 18 8951.150 OEFU M4” i HENEOU 53 .00” ....SL Eta» LHIEICfiI.‘ 2:93 02.... I ..-“ ) I‘d-4.21 \l‘H ' H m. ...He NW: T. . Ha? m. m. m. qfi me No OJ 9H m. N. m... 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C. hanged.....er.onnd...2...grate....5u1dea....and,...changed....a ....................... ethanxmtemdee- LIAM.“ (6001) .-...Qr9.e.n......_.... ...... In”.mteLniIMRLitsMChengeepitchmchainmin ................... ‘ northside ogmggtor uni;,$$ghtened other chains. “WM NEW POWER PLANT INDUCED DRAFT FAN NO# 1 FAN RECORD NAME INDUCED DRAFT FAN N03? 1 LOCATION N’ORTIITRN CORNER, TOP FLOOR, ON NO# 1 BOILER MANUFACTURER C LARA GE FA N C OMPA NY TYPE OF FAN TYPE OF DRIVE MOTOR TYPE NO. RT. SIZE 12 FIG NO. MODEL NO. CALM. NAN. DESIGN 89,300 SPEED 1180/5530 SERIAL NO. 15184? OTHER DATA: ASSEMBLY SECTION DWG. NO. ~ U-4724~1 (BOILER INSTRUCTION BOOK) SPARE PARTS BULLETIN NO. TYPE OF COUPLING FAST COUPLING NO. OF COUPLING BUSEINGS/SET NONE SIZE OF COUPLING BOLTS NONE RECOMMENDED PACKING NONE NO. RINGS INSIDE LANTERN GLANDS NONE O. D. OF SHAFT AT SLEEVE '7 55/4 IN, INBOARD BEARING NO . O. D. OF JOURNAL 3.9.375 TYPE OF BEARING SLEEW TYPE OF LUBRIOATION OIL KIND OF LUBRICANT STANDARD OIL NO# 51 (6158) .~—_- ... fir W ...q.‘ w— w w}-.. NEW POWER PLANT ITO#1 COAL SCALES METER RECORD—COAL SCALES MAKE .................SE......OO...ANTONATI.C.....GOALESALES.INSTALLED, ’ L948 RANGE ZOOLRS TO 8 TONS PER HR. BEAM RATIO TYPE .............. AUTOMATIC MODEL 46 SERIAL NO. 1017A GUARANTEED ACCURACY WITHIN 2 LBS LOCATION SECOMIEVEL ...... INFRTT ...... Q. E ...... 13. 3.9.1 ...... 2E3. QIIER REMARKS: SCALE GREISE STAR OIL EACTO LUB 2 WIR.IJ§I.G....D.IA.GRAM NO D 1298 IESTRI‘IOTIOE BOOK PARTS LIST OF SE CO AUTOMATIC ...... COALSCALES COAL SCALE DUMP COUNTER RATIORAL ACME CO SERIAL NO. R.A. 1956 VOLTS 110 AMPS 2.5 CYCLES 60 (6162 ) IEMIHWEE FUWH N0#l 002 METER RECORD C02 RECORDERS MAKE HAYS CLOCK TYPE 110 V. 600 LOCATION INSTALLED 1948 RANGE 0-19 CHART NO. 10063 PANEL TYPE MODEL SERIAL NO. ‘ RECORDER TYPE K MODEL CDPR SERIAL No. CDPRIQOB4'ZS INDICATOR TYPE MODEL SERIAL NO. SIZE, LENGTH AND KIND OF CONNECTING PIPE COPPER TUBING 92 FT. 1/8” LOCATION AND KIND OF SAMPLING TUBE ................................ $9.913....li‘.I.L.C[‘ER.....(......CARBOEUEDDM) ............................. LOCATED.AT BEGINNIfiG OF PREHEATER ND 525 ELECTRIC POWER SUPPLY VOLTS no cvcm so ...INS.TRUMEN.T....REQ,UIREMENES " n .. .. INSTRUMENTTRANSFQRMR NO {ONE (6161) MISCELLANEOUS EQUIPMENT RECORD NAME AIR COMPRESSOR NO#1 LOCATION IQRTIIENJD ...... OE. ..... BASEMET ON EAST SIDE _ SERVICE AIR FOR CO‘JVT'TROL MANUFACTURER WORTHIN‘GTON PUMP AID MACHINERY CORP. INSTALLED BY INSTALLATION DATE 1/15/49 PARTS BULLETIN NO. ll-620-E29 DWG. NO. INSTRUCTION BULLETIN NO. NONE NAME PLATE DATA: SIZE 6 x :5 1/2 x 2 5/4 2 CYCLIIRDERS (227) CAT- I\TO- AIR KING SE. NO. CAPACITY OTHER DATA AIR COMPRES..S.OR.....OIL, ...... SHELL ........ AIR ..... COMPRESSOR ..... 0.1.1, ........................................ MODEL 15 '1‘ 276 RUNNING TIME 1 MIIJTE ...... O. :33... ....... 2 ..... MIINITES ...... O EE......5./26/49 PRESSURE SWITCH STYLE EU 1 FURNAS ELECTRIC COMPANY RATAVIA, ILL- NEW POWER PLANT MOTOR CONTROL RECORD CONTROLLED UNIT NO#1 AIR COMPRESSOR MOTOR CONTROL APPARATUS TYPE llo VOLTS 60 CYCLE TYPE NO. MANF. (LE. H. P. VOLTS 600 AMPS. 60 PHASES 3 CYCLES 6O 1 CAT. NO ' ' ‘ SERIAL NO. COIL CAT. NO. 22-D-1126-G-2 D. L. No. THERMAL O. L. 81-D-257 O. L. 2mm NO. 81-33-257 WIRING DIAG. NO. INSTRUCTION BULLETIN NO. PARTS BULLETIN NO. OTHER DATA SQUARE 5;] MAG, STARTER 0:: COMP. CLASS CL 8536 TYPE SA TA 2r HA COIL# CIA-SS 1'707Sl--T26A 440V. DISCONNECTING DEVICE G.E. COMBIEATIOIT?‘ STARTER TYPE OF SWITCH G.E . TYPE No MANUFACTURER G . E . VOLTS 600 AMPS 6 0 yo. POLES 3 FUSE SIZE 60 CAT. NO. FED FROM TR A ESE OR m OTHER DATA (6159) NEW POWER PLANT MOTOR RECORD jmwm NO#3 BOILER FEED PUMP MOTOR LOCATION MMAZE‘LOQR'IHIRD ..... I“. .WEELERQM SOUTH RID OF PIMP RAY MANUFACTURER GENERAL ELECTRIC SERVICE DRIVE I?O#:6 FEED PUMP TYPE OF MOTOR INDUCTION TYPE K CODE F FORM MODEL 5 K1405 A 2 FRAME 4055 I STYLE H.P. 60 KM. E/S. M/S. VOLTS 440 AMPS. '72 SIZE SPEED 35.5; CYCLES 6O PHASES 5 SERIAL NO. TD 6709229 WINDING DELTA DUTY CONT IF“"UOUS OTHER DATA: CONNECTION TO LOAD GEAR COUPLING BEARING NO. 6066156-1 TYPE OF BEARING 31mm TYPE OF LURRICATION OIT. KIND OF LUBRICANT STAN: 0:1. 25 SHAFT SIZE 1.875 INSTRUCTION BULLETIN NO. SPARE PARTS BULLETIN NO. ( 6160) NEW POWER PLANT PUMP RECORD NAME NO#.’< BOILER NEED mm? , LOCATION MANUFACTURER MAIN FLOOR, THIRD PUIm..-ERQM SOUTH END OF Puma RAY TYPE OF PUMP DE LAVAL STEAM TUR. CO. TYPE OF DRIVE MOTOR TYPE NO. 60 E 3133/ 2 1/2 SIZE ,. 52/2 I/2 FIG. NO. MODEL NO. G.P.M. 117 FT. READ 905 SPEED 3550 SERIAL NO. 250140 OTHER DATA DISCHARGE PRESS, 391 PSIG- SUCTION PRESS; 16:6]?813 ASSEMBIEY SECTION DWG. NO. E 15000 SPARE PARTS BULLETIN NO. INSTRUCTION BOOK DRG. 3530. E 15000 TYPE OF COUPLING, , WATERON STANDARD GEAR SIZE 23: 1/4 DIET ON 011, NO. OF COUPLING BUSHINGS PER SET NONE SIZE OF COUPLING BUSHINGS O.D. NONE I.D. ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, LGTH. SIZE OF COUPLING BOLTS 1 BY .3/8 RECOMMENDED PACKING ANCHOR 317 SIZE PACKING 5/8 NO. RINGS INSIDE LANTERN GLAND 2 OUTSIDE 3 O.D. OF SHAFT AT SLEEVE 2001 INBOARD BEARING NO. 56:5 OUTBOARD BEARING NO. 563 O.D. OF JOURNAL 1495 TYPE OF BEARING SLEEVE TYPE OF LUBRICATION OIL KIND OF LUBRICANT STAN. OIL #4 25 SUCTION VALVE CHAPMAN GATE DIA. 5" IN DISCHARGE VALVE CHAPMAN GATE DIA. 2 1/2 CHECK VALVE CHAPMAN GATE DIA. 2 1/2 ( 6157) *_d: .— MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES I III II III llllllll 3 1293 031512639 -.. -,,' . ..., 1w-‘ wavy v'nv, ‘W’~m ~ ’ . I 7 . ' . . g ‘ ‘_‘ .. ‘. Il- ' u . .I ~ ‘ I '. " . ‘i _ . A - -..‘-E., - . o 'v' MICH'GAN STAT; laun- SUPPLEME EATER IIIHIIIIIIHIIIIHIII | HII’IIHU II 31293'031512613 ll HI” (I) ‘i‘ I 4 O: 9 ..J ). '1 U) I LU 2 Z :1 NJ .— < p. V) Z 4 ‘2 I 9 2 MCI CHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES III IIIII IIIIIIIB II II