7 ‘ \ ll ‘ || W V l DISTRIBUTION OF THE PDLEMONIALES m MICHIGAN THESIS FOR THE DEGREE OF M; s ' Marie Mooar‘ 1933 DIJTRIL’TILM'LE‘ZKLLPC1;LLLIJL~J IE L.CLIUJL Shesis Presented for the uegree of -. L .1. . , 13.;39'31‘ o: QCthCb‘, lkichig an State College .. 3 7 I" "I. LMI'iU A.IE CG 1953 “HES”: Acknowledgments. The “Titer is Very gratemi to Dr. H. Burlington for advic (D L :3 CL ’0 C r“; U) d H C» {J U) given through- out tiis stujy; to Dr. L. a. Lessey for sugiegtiogs and his interest in tLe study; and to Ur. Adgur i. ‘ ‘.r'"“ T,’ .«x . w . J- J‘ ”herrJ for U15 1180 or s ('6 O b. d a O ’11 SJ JP ,0 .H O U‘ U) (D "J <4 (D (1: in various herbaria in tb East. 10:35.3215‘3 DISTRIBUEICN Ch‘TIiIECIgL£EIaLEJ IN NICHIGAN This distributional stud' was nsde to correlate with similar J 'Y surveys, including those of the Cruciferae by 5. A. nelpole, Compositee ['l by 5. n. Wolff, Orchidaceae by H. L. Darlinéton, and Yiolecese by Eerthe E; . “1'1; on}: son . All availuble herberium material has been csreiully studied from herbsris of Lichigsn Jtite College, the University of hichigsn, the V“ R Field Luseum of Ciicago, and the privUte herbaris of Lessrs. to no lepole of Best Lensing and C. J. Felines of Fetoskey- ell available pullished and unpubl‘shed lists were consulted. In addition, records of plants w ich have been sent in for identificstion to the Lichirln state Colle Botany Defartneut were consulted for additional distribution data. A few of these specimens have been kept for reference. These letter records ere nurled with an asterisk (i). The nine of the person who sent in the sgecimen is followed by the initicl o? tle perscm Lho identified it, Dr. H. ;. Jerlinaton, Dr. A. n. Bessey, Dr. A. :. hoodcock, Dr. dichsrd de Aeeuw, and Julie Helnich. The nomenclature of tre second edition of Britten and Erown's ”Illustrated filers of the horthern Unite; otetes ung Canada" is followed except for the genus QEEOEEi which is covered by T. b. Yunckers "The Genus Cuscuts in Lichigsn" in the layers of the Lichi;cn.ncsdery of Science .rts and letters for 1921:183—189. The key to Quecutg used here— in wss taken from Yuncker's work. The order Polenonieles is considered in the nsrr wer sense to include the six families Convolvulecese, Cuscutecene, Iolenonisceee, o Hydrophyllaces, Ereginaceee, and dolensceae- In Iiehi gin there are in— i cluded in the53 fenilies 2d genera and 70 sgecies, 33 of wrich are native, y be ad- 20 have been definitely naturalized, end 13 are escenes wfich ne ventive. Cf those which have been neturulized 12 are netive of Europe, 7 of IrOpicel -ierica, and one of Peru. .3 The following table illustrates the general distribution ale duration of the families of the 0rd oer Ioleioniule _ --.---_---__. ..... "’“‘“"r‘“ _..--_-,--_- I“ Emily i 1‘321;£9_........11t_".g,}_l_T-..._ 3.1:. . c. IL. 4 1.4;? Ier- .sn.4 n1. Ier.. ~T"Z'T:'fik"-““.'LZ :3‘14?'::: V 2;."— r22;-.‘h"-I‘ZLZI.‘Z’::—1 -.-.—.—--4.- - ~ - —-—.o----.. _- 4- Convolvul Q%#Z.--..- fl _H _$_ ___ __ _ 1,,_. L. . 3 L 5 Cuscuteceee '. 6 2 Io 1 er; o_n_i_s_c_e~a_e_ ’7 l 5 c - -..—-.—_.- .“a-1D-‘u- b- - -—---— - -....- -- —a— -—-—-‘b>-r-'- - .. —. — -.—- - '— Lydrophyllsceee . l M 3 T“orni.1____cese____“ 2 L ll 6 -_..-.t---..d....,_.1 ..... 1.. .--1....-_.-.. Sole eceee 4 .4 L—tfi-a— ‘u.’.‘O~-. -""I"£’.“L.. - c.‘ .u . .::~h.n I? 'VW-w‘nze-rxfi‘bevvrm $2.45”- -- ‘ L13. J__29__ r7. 1 9 22 [20 14. SJ L..._.. .m.—immml Per. — Perennial Bi. — Biennial 3. — Southern half of lower Ieninsula K. - Northern half of whole stute G. — General over whole state L. — local distribution Only -- usuully introduced escnpes L-I. ~ General over lovrer lenincili Iron this table it can be see? that in general there are about 2 or 3 perennial to one anndul native plant and about two annual to one perennial introduced plant; also that there e3e about one—third of the plants in the southern half of the lower yeninsule and about one-third of them ar-e generully distributed over the whole state. Iichigen is the northern limit for neny species, tne nerth~ eastern limit and the southern limit for others. In some ca see it is the nor+ vh;er1 linit for one sgecies and the southern linit for unetrer species of the suns genus. For exsngle,.CL10xlosJiu vi- _..m--_ inisnun is a southern species end 0- boreele is a northern sgecies; Ler’ensia Virginie: is southern and I- r" 1cu‘"ts 's Lorthe n. The only differ- -“ .-.-... H ences are uSdelly sniller flowers and more pubescence in the northern an doubtful at times whether there is [U species. In such csses it iv r t enough dif - rence to justify the fontstion of two Serarste srecie , esnecislly if there sms to be intergreding of tie tvo forms. ‘ '1’ ..~,.:. .0 ...... H... A Slkllur Coed la thst Cl COHVOlVUlUS SL1? l;ubheo Ufa LOLA? *“o-o—-.-—.~.—---.__--.— D i _ 1 ._ v“. ' ' \ ... -‘m ‘ , - . 1. ”harry o: the Lniver51t7 oi enisyqunie sug-ests ttere are tvo a .' ‘ w - " r‘ 1*: ' ~' w i .~ ,~ ‘, -. :' -, .,\ I .-~ " \ ' v ., segdrete tiecles, o. stins .1ctc., tLC nortnein 102:, end C. s,1the seus L., the southern fort. The older botsnists di:tingu'sL3d tetaeen the C C) q C ’4 ”...: ,C £20 5 H F t. t \L' C (2 r4 0 Sons “;ecigs hey u; civided into i Rt Le: of rsces uccordin\ to .-,, n .--< .- «1 .e‘. - ' ,_ , --. ,.,-)‘-,..-. 4‘ "' 4., 't-.+-'-., r gubecCCnCG sin sni,e of leives, fJLgrqubo o1 distriout on. 1 4.-. - .0 - 1- A 3-2. 5-- s ‘ . - ". ‘ e eClil f u'u: it: I.s L- Ls lh Sell;- 12;: lls ICIGJO‘ ”lie n.; , ' 4.' , ' J, 4‘ . .I.‘ -.., H ., 4.3 1.... :y ‘ ,1.,'.. .‘. ‘. 4.-. [.4 .-fi to £113 £4111: 11152.1 c.1101” O uli‘j 13.: o If Cox; '3 1-.) Usinulri .Lll ST;I.1.L':11M tl.e 9J1?" UJ. - I II' - 1 1 ‘l -u. -fi N. ... I,. .p‘ ‘z t. I . ‘ r rubesc~nce rs..e: tnnn the s-.“c oi t-e laivcs, LL: inculu hIVe no trouble. v -r ' '11 ~. . l' '\ .‘ 1'f‘ .‘.\‘."“'>" , rev infidence to ; s.ill ceiree tne QletrlbuLIUn vv' -- ’\ 'l . »- a . -—, . 4-1 — v-' I r~mV\- | - ,- +\ a fee swec.es ere adventive flee the nest, LS ao]_;ni. rostrcuin n 1-.. ' :. :.., ,. 4... .' .' v . n 4. v. -1, + ...1' I .0- e . ior eiltxle. Gilie rutrs 1e 1 SufiLlhf NQSue-n ,.;nu 411C: ireiuentl; es aged from cultivdtion- “lgln Wnlch are pro— D; H' :3 O '4‘. " rw- Ar‘u‘f L A “.‘r‘ - '1' I r‘f‘.~ -L ,_ 3 35:1.“4l03 .. ,‘fe bC'»; 4.; Q ULLCL .. C4“, ,L: O bebly not rersistent and therefor e hgve not bee included. These are: . , . V . . L . wuanoclit3q33noclit, lyc *crLicon lvcco013-con letunis :Alllflrls letu is --.—--- _..-- :~— . ----. ——u.—«_--—. ----.— 129.133.0512.. 3 ml 392.33% 31.3131198131- In some CL.e:, 3 e01 'ee hav eb33n included for Wlich ti:r 3 are but one or two records. These #63: incFUded b3csuse they are probubly more common t‘nn the records show, since in nearly all cases they are in Cnterio. Chio, fiisconsin, and hinnesota. Ksny genera in fl'is fenily are of grest econonic inportence. Sore are troublesone weed3,as:93f g3tn, {olgnurv Eggvclvulns, ggno; los unv EEEEBAEJ lithfo re r1unn,§;h --.-.._. sil1:, Lnd nature. ¢S 3 rule those species 117 which have been introduced in seeds tec01e sou-3 of our worst wee d" EX- snplee ere: §*1vglyglis rvenL1LCuLputu spiunfnun, Cynoglossun officin— sle, lquuls Lsypuls, Qgturs strunonium, dolsnun Unlcsnsrs, and solanw; rostrutun. nodder (Cuscutuiis one of the worst enenies of nichigsn's 30st irportent crop, clover. The Petuto:.39¥£¥¥£J§§5¥§E}Ey and tomato, LX99£3§3§39EH;"”OVPT icon, are t.o fool; glsnt; u icL forl fiOLC of the meet iiiporttint groducts of Lickiisn. 33119.9}.13 ifrs_111«:l_i_nii_hss only been re corded fra. Isle Boys le, where it sypears to be indigenous. done S‘GCiEb sr-: characteristic of noist deciduous woods of the A 8111 wouthern part of the state, such as PhloX diVLr_ C.&§33 ff ":A -c-o-uggu-..- _L£:33sp ernun_ {KQLiKEQES is characteristic of enbryonic heath: and rejuven=.1ted dune as around tie shores of the Great LsLes. cone f the distribution records seen to be similar to ZEst of Lit dosffftux 0““0l1h,- but inr ost cases this is due to the fact that the interior of the state h as not been oot nized Ior thut psrticu 1 3r s;_ecinen su‘ficientlJ. This i especiill'r true for the central portion of tie upper hslf of the lows" c. drorryllj; species. in . l peninsula. however, this reg'on differs essentially erL other ur>ss in Lichigsu. It is sandy and quite barren. Then, too, records are especial- ly inedeguate for the upper peninsula except for a few counties. PUMA/-1 1311-345 Fruit a pod or berry- Frui cor Styles 2-6. Pod 2—6- -seeded Plants parasitic......................... II. Cuscutacege. Plants not parasitic..................... I. Convolvulaceae. Pod many-seeded............................. IV. Hydroghylla eae. Style 1. Branches of style or stigma-lobes 3. Plants twining........................... Iponoea VP'L ). Plants not twining....................... III. Iolemoniecese. Ere a1cle: of style or stirra-lobes 2. or stivma capitste 589 eds f8: (4-6)...................o...... I. Convolvulaceae. Seeds many............................... VI. Solansceae. sis tin of 2-4 seed-like nutlets......... V. Boreginaceae. I . CL.:-.VLL'rti.-.c.1-1; stigma 1: flowers salverforn................-..... l. WuaLoclit. Stigmas 2; flowers funnelform or esnpanulete- dtiamss C1pitate or globose, ov1ry é-celleo.. 2. Ipomoee- otignes filifon: to ovoid, every 1- celled-... 3 “envolvulus. l- ¢U1LLCLIT (Tourn.) Loench. iuemoclit coccinea (Lo) Loench. (red). O? lgomoea coccinea l. 2;"fl3d e11eloli1 1. .11111 Re d1 I.orning-clory Eroosbly a r1re esc1pe . annusl. h1turslizcd fraL trogical 1Lerica- River banks and waste yleces. July-Let. Reported fron: ‘Ca's Go. (Edward Lclce, 1919). There is a hybrid 0; this sg lecies an; 1L1_ocl11mu11oclit_(1. Lritton which is cultiv1teaan6 u1y e801pe but proo1tly is not persistent. opec11Ln eC1m1neo°gl1V11;-1ow Co. (Lrs. H. J. Iriney, Lvoho, \ o I 2- IEULLLA l. horning Glory- ary 2-celled; sti~Ta -lobes 2 or stigna entire-.... 1. I. pandnrata Cvary 3-celled; stifixn-loses 5. 1. Leaves entire.................................... 2. I. Lurpurea. Leaves deerly three—lobed........................ 3. I. hedjracea lyonoe_a Lundurata (1.) (fiddle— raped). OIVOlV‘JU P1AdUF‘t 1. Wild Lots to ’ine- Lative- Iemranni1l. Rare. Fields. Lug—chto dpeéimzn ex1rined: lent 30. (5h flick at; J eels,l$95). i 1 ad Levortei frou Cass Uo. (E. 0- eLOLn,L O) - fl 2. Iponoea rurpuree (L.) L11. (purgle,. _C__o;.volv1 l_us 71,1“T1LI‘PLIL: L. Egirtlfils Tarrpiei Voigt. Lorning Glory. C .r nlv escaped in the lower peninsula. 11ventive from tropicsl “nerics- 1nnn,l. 11s 3 pleces. July-Lct. pecimens emurined: Carrion -o. (C. L. nzes); 111st Co. (C. 1. sss,l93€); I;1sh-11933); Lent Cc. {Lary B- 3 l] Fallsss,1895), Sui ReYk n .. uod;o,lSCC). rte from: C1lhoun Co ( - C. 31rr,lQCC); C e.oyf L CL. (J. F Lklers and F. C. Gates,2u:4); JssitenLV 30. (Z. n. ”1ljcls, l.~u), ”1 ne we. {0. 1. Farwell 1900); (eclor (H. a. Ie.oon,-3C;). 3. Ipomoea heder1cei 31cc. (l'ke Federa, the Iv”). Fherbitis hedernce o Ivy—leva11nn.fn_ -Clory. Lnnual- I1t.r .lized ‘ra' tropiC1l «-ericao Fiel.s and Waste places. Ju.y~Lct. or=c11Ln ex1niied: Hashten1w 00. (b. a. 11lpole,1919). Regorted iron: Cass Co. (E. 0- 1e;oon,l909)' l Looer 1965); Jayne 00- (C. n. F1rwell,19oo); 51int Clsir Co. 1 Dodge,1899). 3. CLLVLLVULUJ L- Bl dh'eed. Calyx wit? two lLrLe bracts which enclose it. Stens trailing or climbing. Elowers double; ledves nero"— —E11t1te......... 2. C. j1ponicu1. FlOWers si gle; l.eaves broed. leaves tri- n ulur—has t1te ‘ StCLS 9—50 d3. long........................... 1. C. sepium. Leaves sngi wte or co wri1t3; stais 3-9 dn. long............................ Ste; erect....................................... calyx. xvi): hno bI‘Li Ctsat OI‘ Her it.ooooooooooooooooo C rep €1.15 0 spitkanseuso . C. arvensis. C] J5 ()1 (:1 l. Convolvulus sepiun L (of hedLes). fills _te_r i_-1__s_c—_T_i__131..- E Convolvo“3 s gimp 1., Var. 11eriC1nus QlLSo ro-cnn1=l. Com.on thrcu.hout. June-Aug. Spacinens examined: Antrim Co. (Clyde lesvitt,1892); Clebc y,en CO. (C. H. Ehlers,19?b), Clare Co. (E. #- Darlinpton,l9lo); rat.ot Co. (Co A. Davis, 1C93); Inéhen Co. (E. C. afieels, 3'4); I.alan1zoo Co. (0- 1. Fallass, 18;? Rent Co. (C. J. 3111133, 1983); Laconb Co. (D- Cooley, lC~5); Newsyg 00- (H. T. Burlington and n. n. Sessey, 1915); Saint Clair Co. (C. I. Dodge, 1992); gsshtensw Co. (Clyde Leavitt, 1892). Reported from: AlCOHfi Co. (C. 1. Dodge, 1921); alpenu Co. (C. h. Dodre, 1921); 1renac Co. (C. h. Dodre, 1921); Esy Co. (C. 1- Dodge, 1981); Berrien Co. (H. o. Lepoon, lacs); Calhoun Co. (C 1. Esrr, 1908); Cass 30- (H. o. Iepoon, 1906); Grnrity Islands ( . 1. Dodge, 1911), Clinton 00- (B. 1. aslpole, 1.5L); Deton Co. (3. 1. Lelpole, .r. o n U -8- 1933); Innwtt Co. (Fellass and Swift, 1918); Huron Co. (C- A. evis); Lspeer Co. (N. n. Brotherton, 893); Lerquette Co. (C. F. Dodge, 191C huskegon Co. (C. U. LcLouth, 1896); Oakland 00. (J. u. Stacey, 1894); Presque Isle Co. (C. F. Dodge, 1921); Schoolcrsft Co. (C- K. Dodge, 1915); Tuscole Co. (C. 1. Dodge, 1920); Van Buren Co. (H. 6- Pepoon, 190d); Jayne Co. (0. n. Fsrwell, 1900). A. C )s 2. Cor lVOlVUlUS juponicus Thunb. California Rose. Perennial. Rare escepe. Lostly double-flowered. July. Specimens exmnined: Newaygo Co. (E. 1. DarliLgton and 1. A. Bessey, 1916); Oakland 00. (J. L. dutton, 1913). Reported fraL: Inghsm Co. (5. a. Iettigrove, 1924). 3. Convolvulus repens L. (creeping) §;“_sepium L., var rep sGrey. ’reiling or Hedge Bindveed. Perennial. Open fields or stony and gravelly places. June - August. Specimens examined: anomb 00. (D. Cooley, 1845); Schoolcraft Co. (A. B. Burgess, 1905). Reported from: Calhoun Co. (0' a. Barr, 1908); Inghem Co. (B. A. Helpole, 1935); Iosco 00. (H. C. Hilton, 1919). 4. Convolvulus spithsmesus L. (a span long). (u) 94.113751: eerie Mspithmgaee Pursh . Jolvalus sp1tniuaeus Kuntze. Convolvulusjgnrmrun Greene . Upright or lowD41ndwee Perennial. Dry sandy or rocky fields or on be nks. lay-sug. As mentioned in the introduction, tiis species varies as to pubes- cence and shape of leaf in the northern and southern plants. Dr. fidgsr T. ”herry f the University of Pennsylvania suggests that hese two fonns are separate species and points to Lichaux's des- cription of C nvolVIlue st :ns_ss compared to Linnaeus' Jonvolvulus epithsmseus. Jitl this point in Liind the distribution records of the two were kept separate as far as the specimens observed are concerned. Cf“ course the re;orts could not be sepursted into the two fOTIS. Plants tonentos e; 1e eves subcord: te to ovel..... l. C- stuns Plants pubescent; 1: ves oblong-lenceoluts-oooo-.2. C- spithnnseus Convolvulus stuns hichx. (upright) .gilVStGVQ t_oymentosn Iursh. Jpecnuens examined: Cneoo.Lln Co. (F. 0. Gates, 1011); *Iosco Co. (I. u. Dinmick, 1910); Isle noyule (J. 4. Lofnrlin, 1900); Jackson Co. (d. L. end D. 3. Cents, 1897) ; leweenaw CO- (0- n- helxell, 1386); Laconb 00. (D. Cooley, lBed); annistee Co. (Jes. 101b, 1913); Lnrguette Co. (E. Barlow, 1301); necostu CO- (C. u. Enllqss, 1881); Lontcelm Co. (Co - «heelzr, 1595); Iuskegon Co. (J. J. beol, lSééL); Preslue Isle Co. (0. 1. Dodge, 1912); saint Clair Jo. gC. L- bodie, 1590); saint Joe egh Co. (4. s. hurgess, 190c); achoolcrsft Co. (4- L- Eurgess, 1905). eus L. ~A;Jd 1U). (1 J CO1volvulus s; ithaua £3,113 13.11114. :11: i pb 90 11.11.0113 835111.111 3d . (18531; D1vis, 190;); L1L11n1 3o. Sutton, 1915); JJShthflW Reported fron f3: both lQBL); Glinton Co. (B. 4. 193.21); 1.1..ett Co. (1‘. c. (31- 1- Dar] inL .C-Il, 1930); (1. 1. mot‘erton, 1392); CO. (L. .1. I—"L1rris, 14. a. o1volr lus arvensi: L I ..A Isle Roy1le (J. 1. sh. Cu. (K ".cjerlin, (L. a. Julpolo, 1912); neyne — w a -‘. . .... \ Co. L11.- - 1111113111111; er, Loss, . 9- kepoon, 1905}; InLL11 Co. 1910); h1rLuette Co. a V 0 5&0 (3° Co. E. the 1bo e: 1ar1g1 do. (H. I. UerliLLtou, u1lyolj, 1963); Aston Co. (E. 1. Jslgole, hates and J. F. Ablers, 1911); GoLe b1 c Co. Kent Co (1. J. sole, 1901); L1peer CO. Lntonapon CO. (H. To Darl'LLt91); 51nil1c 2., 1 So); I1sco11 Co. (C. L. goite, 9:0). 51111 Lil Mdleed 1°“e1ni1l l1tu:;1ized fro; 1rape. Cc1111. -Eroughrut. Ei lie 1:1 "aste rl1ces. 1-? - d1et. 3peci.ens PV1I‘“ofl 4..lcons. Co. (John 0111berlsin, 1913); Ter“ien Co. (0- 1. Laniir 1911); cr1nch Co. (E. E. “d118, 1914); Seton Co. (J- b. oner, 1914,; Emmett Co. (C. n- 1‘1llass , lEGé); Genesee Co. (3- 5- Sheriff, 1909); *Qrund Tr: erse Go. (331nk G1nnett, 1913); :1tict CC. (C- a- Davis, 1533); Hillsdale Co. (£031 3 I1ker, 1911); iLh1L 10. (H. C. :eels, 1594); Jack on Co. (a. I. as; U- Lo 1Lp, 1-47); ”ient Co. (ChauLce; Joon, 1914); >‘Lenz-ree Co. (ie1"1 C. Alleh, 1311-); 111Luette 30- (L. n. J11Per, 1915); us 111; 0:. (“_s. UCV1 Rqu1, 1011;; ”Ott1u1 Go. (ho a. Ryder, 1313); dhia 1ssee Cc. (1- Li1gh1m, 1:13); at. 31111 Co. (3- L. 9011;, lhtsfi; 1150011 QC. (1. Rendersoh, L. no 1-); V13 Lu 11 60- (I. h- LQuhihgtCD, 1910); hasntenuw Go. (C. 1. D1vis, IQQo); we; orfi Co. (0- ogg1er, 1v 1}. Reported fros:*111eL1n Co. (A. U. lorloy, 1. a. Bo, 9&3); ”11tr11100. (1. 1. Lessoy, 1920); *3a11. Jo. («dpohis Lroe., 131;); b1y Co. (a. a. Hood, 1319); *bilnz 1e Go. (Do d. Ulurl, 1945); Cal- houn Co. (1. a. Davis, 1594); *Cuss CO (C. L. Lernon, H. I. 4-, 1319); ‘CLurlevoix Co. (1. A. Lessey, 191;) CLobcyL1h Co. (E. C. U1tes eno J. h. 1mlers, l , ., L. fi" '7- ,- ‘\- ’~ 7-- 91.31) , 11.11.11.011 L20- (1. 1s. 1.. :1- 11111301., 1910); *huro-1 Co. (I. oguntz, 1931); *Ionia Go. (1. Conner, 1.1.3., ”93L); a#1531111‘3111.30- (J. Broughuan, 1351); *hslsg1400 do. (autrey C1np, n. 1. ;., 192$); Belkasku Co. (J- E. Lreyfogle, L. 1- ,IQQO); ‘Lupeor do. (4- 3- Patch, L. A- 1., liLé); Liv n.5tcn Co. (Roy N. Coverlj, 21'- .‘L- 13-); ”1.1101111?! uo. (E- n- 1.181.111 .2 LL- 3- 3-, 19.31); >"1111001113 Co. (E- 7- Pitt e, ue z., 1313); LaLlSCeP oo- (1; 1- Daniels, 1902)' *19 cost do. (H. J. .1L1e1burg, 1915); ”Lonroe Co. (3- L. hinslow, 1917); *Kontce.m “o. (Giffo rt“ 136 h, 1916) Luskctor Co. (C. 4. LcLouth, 1893); ”KeWay'o Co. (C. C. Iillett, 1. a. b., 1912); l'Osceola Co. (Pu.1 Meek, L. A. 2., 1923); *Jaginew Co. (J. E. 110- Luaker, 1. A. 1., 1924); Saint Joseph Co. (hrs. a. F. Lrousg,1917); choolcraft Co. (3. K. Dol{9,1913); ”'u;J1e Co. (0. A. Barmell, 190C) II. F? 'A,A‘.1 defioi (Int the stignu calyx lobes see Stigyias 111 111181312..- Styles, includinL ovary; 11,1 - U1b30 1“ y’i‘ JIU$4L CU AL-‘JO Dodder. Love Vine- tely circunscissile in a regul orouced 11rote1n species) 3, exceeding he length of’tle :cely overlapging; usually 31‘ -10- occurring n legu1ir ous hosts............... 1. Cuscuta 341thymum. Styles, including the stigns , not e1 :ceed; ng tne length of the ovary; calyx lobes overlap- pin. ; always occurring, so far as observed, on Linum.................................... 3. Cuscuta L ilinun. Stignss cspitste; capsules not circunscissile- (Native species.) Flowers sessile, surroun ed by muny bracts, close- ly compacted into a tightly wound, rope-like cluster about the host...................... 3. Cuscuts glonersta. Flowers sessile or pedicellete, without bracts, inflorescence not rope—like in habit. Flowers somewhat fleshy; cells of flowers papillete. “lovers S-nerous, cox: are ti m1 large; scales w'ell dev ; lo oped .............. 4. Cuscuts indecors. Flowers as often 4-merous gs S-neroas, snsller, so; les usu; 1y represented only by wings or }r OjBCtlL salon; the stems n attac 1ent to the corolla-o 5. Cuscuta Coryli. Flowers not fleshy, smooth. Corolla lobes acute, usually with inflated tips; flowers sessile or sue—sessile.. o. Cuscute pentagona. Corolla lobes obtusz, tips never inflexed, inflorescence looser. Flowers 5-merous; corolla ordinarily regaining ut the base or ebout (not csppint) tie pointed capsule.. 7. Cuscuts Gronovii. Flowers 3—4-5-nero's; corolla as; ting the Elobose cs3s1le................ 8. Cuscute Cechnlsnthi. ... .‘I l. Cuscuta Lpithynum hurr. (upon thyme)- .Qsessis 11.1.1101}; Eabo Clover nodder. Rare. Clover fields. Apt to be syreud in clover seed and may cause considerable damage. Introduced from suroye. July - Sept. Specimens exemin d: Saint Clair Co. (Co 1- Dodge, 1910); hashte- at Go. (G. Rollor, 1890). Reported from: Nscomb Co. (Ward); is ician Lace (H. 8 Fe poon, 1905); *Usyne CO. (L- A. Seamsns, 1913). Also T. G Ylncl {er reports Oceans Co. (Hear)- 2. Cuscuta Epilinum Jeihe. (on Linux, flax) Flax Dodder- Rare. On Linum. Introduced from Jurope. Reported from: T- G. Yuncler reyorts: In he; Co. (C. r. wheeler, 1899). 5. Cuscuts glonersta Choisy (compactly clustered). Cuscu ts_:obylle Raf. CusCute sureric ana Hooker. _-o -.--..-.- «_--- 1e1111r die 001008 _itorun fingel- —-—--‘—.—_.---—— -— -11- Glonerate Uodder. Occasional in southwest corner of state. Prefers tell com- posites. nut. - dept. Specimens examined: Berrien Co. (H. J. Pepoon, 1903); Cass Co. (E. 5. Pepoon, 1905); Lenawee Co. (L. C. 3lnendinter, 1860). 4. Cuscuta indecora Choisy (unsightly). 9.115.011. t3 "de_c_o_r3 1mg; elm. Pretty Uodder. Here in Lichiyen. A southern species. Ln low herbs and shrubs -- chiefly Leguminosae and Composites. July - Sept. Specimens examined: Cass Co. (F. C. hates, 1900); *nayne Co. (Slizabeth Sundstrom, 1913). Reported fror: T. C. Yuncker re: rts: Cceena Co. (hiss S. 3. Uegner, 1919). 5. Cuscuta Coryli 'Lé elm. (0 on Corylus, the Fszel)- Cvscuta. infleVLi an? ML Ciscumte uo“pict‘ cr ul3ts C oisy g3:§££y con e=: 3 Eeyrich. U3SCIt3 _11bros1 Leyri h. 9:593}? berv1110131.utull. £55193531:; cory11_ (angelmann) Eieuwlsnd E Lunell. hazel uodder Lccesi1n31 in sout e n p3rt of state. Erefers shrubby hosts like the bezel. July - dart. opecimens ex3mined: Cttnna Co. (C. L. Lauffnsn, 1910); St. Clair COO (Co I o DOdEB, 13:14:). Re Dorted from: heyne Co. (“3rWell). Also 1- G- Yuncker rq;orts: Cass Co. (H. 3. Pepoon). 6. Cuscuta pentagona Angelm. (five angled). ggggut3meryensig‘Eeyr. field uodder. Common in lower peninsula. Low herbs, freguently on clover and alfalf3. July - Sept. Specimense examined: *Barry Co. (Harry Williams, 1914); Berrien Co. (E. o. Pepoon, 1900); *Cunton (C. b. Hoodwnrd, 3. A. b-, 1912); *Clare Co. (0. G. COOper, 1914); *G11nd 1r3verse 00- (C. E Johnson, 3- A- E-, 1912); *Gratiot Co. (Alva Decker, 1914); *Ionia ( Decker, 3. 3. 3., 1913); Jackson 00. (D. Fydnm n, 1.315); ”Lee 19 osta Co. (9. simpson, 1914); *Lbntcalm Co. (L- L. Clerk, 3- n- 3., 12); *Newayso 00- (Fr nk Could, 1914); fias?tenaw Co. (0. D. 1: 1915). L 3 Raported fr°m= *DHY 00- (hrs. 4. Daniels, H. r. n. 1919 *Brunch 00' (C' 1' THSh’ 3' ' 9-, 19 30); ”0333 Gr. (J. L. Hurrison, 3.4" .‘L0 BC, 1921); GGDGSGB CO. (5'? Vil‘tz Oreo: Lina-in (30., 1910); zInEIhfll CO. (1". H. L"1I‘d,3. “" B” 1025); Lena'firee Ci". (Lil-’1 JEICO‘L‘, I:- rl'. Do, 1921); 1411181388 COO (1912);;1Léfieg 'Ol’l Co. (JECO‘D Qchl‘itt, ‘3. L1. E. 1919); p--\ 1:111 LurC‘n COO (.13. £1. 0:21.11‘1, L‘- 1'0 U0, lg???”- 7. Cuscuta Cronovii .'illd. (for Gronovius, a Dutch bot1nist) Cu33u_t3; _v 1:1v1 u gngeln. gglcut3.£oli3n;33vshuttleflorth. Connon. LOT wet 11; es on various herbs and shrubs, Lore fre- quently on Irrati ens, 2:111, J1u :r1: lint.hp§_, etc. «_----.-.. . .-- ----_... “..-----— Jul; - degt. Specimens eX3nihed: Cass Co. (V. a. egoon, lQOe); Gratiot Co. (0- 4° UéViS, 1339); IA{E:L Co. {" heels, 1394); lent CC. (C. u. Fallass, 1820); lenswee Co. (a. 3. Le 1?T2); Lontcgln Co. (E- larlOW, 1900) 3int Cloir Co. (C. 1. bod;o, 1892); V3n guran Co. (H- s. kepoon, 1915); ”ushten3w Co. '3. C. Allenl1n“er, l?72). Reforted frag; Barrie n Co. (E. J. Iepoon, 1305 J. Davis, 1994); Clintin Co. (L. a. nalrolo, 195;); daton Co. '.31tolo, 193i); Genesee ; Enron cc. (1. A. Devi ; Infhur Co. (E. u. ngp. ; Lgnjstee Co. (:3 1, Djfllelfi, 1 CE); ’Lecost: Co. {1 1 1996); C.‘;’i‘.-?lt3.zd CC. (J. .‘a' c ) ~ ) ; lucolb oo. (D. Coolgy, /—‘ g) 0 ‘r‘ 1 ....‘o .1.- \ / C) H \J 5 1% L 9 .f ’4 - H k+ L- O (f (3; i C) t) O Daniels, lTC; Va3well, 1960 1..-... Copholjntli gnpelm. (on éejkllgnthus). “ + .. U . 1 emulfloru p; elulnn. grithggpq QEIhilkfitii (“l-31-;LL) u1>1113nl and Lunell. Ulttou-t goddes. Seghcl 11 over pen.L3sulq. Jound on s'rubs gnu t 11 h grbs, 1 sfecialjgf53'1133 filu ~3i15C, we}; L1 0, etc. uFLClflpflo eca1.i e1: altolac Co. (4. a. doop3:, 1901); Lerrien Co. (C. Lillin ton, 19‘w U); Jae“:on Co. (a. L. L u- 3- C1:§, 139s); L3113nd Co. (u. 0. Googer, 19o1,; o3int Cleir Go. (3. 1. Jon e, 1 9d); Layne Co. (G. outlie, 1333). Rsyorted frat: Zerrien Co. (E. a. lagoon, lfité); Cass Co. (L. p- Pepoon, 1996); Clinton do. (1. I. Helpole, 1933,; fieton Co. B- A. nnlpole, lgqu); Iughgm CO. (E. A. u, pole, 19 ou); LUCM 01 Co. (7- c. brake“, 1921); V31 3uren Co. (E. a. lagoon, lsco); asshtonuw 00- (p. u- ”alpole, lDBe). III ILLJ. L-. 11.34115 H . 11110::- tire..."|.0IIOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO0.0.00.0...~00... s e s pinneto r dissect36. o wefis red; legves finely dissectej.................... 2. 61113- F ovp-rs llui; leaves pingate............................ 5. lolehoniun. l- ERICA L. Leaves crowded,s ubu13 3, stats tufted, much ranch ...... o. P. SUle Leaves not suhvl3te. Inflo1escence close, panicled; flowers RQLGTCUS, short-pedicle CalTT--te fit awn—pointed; at least one—half leggtm of corolla-tube......................... 1. I. paniculgtu. Calyx--teetfi not pointed, triuxg l3r-lanceolute , about oge-fourth length of corolla-tube.. Inflorescence cozy boss, flowers cfteg sextt red. Flowerin; stexs sir.y13; ster113 stoota gre30nt or sbsen . llsnts fihely viscid—pubescest; with sterile, prostrate shoots............................ 4. }. div;ric;tg. L) afi. 2- I. macul at u. Elsnts downy or hairy without sterile shoots....... 3. f. pilosa. Flowerinr stems diffuselV brzzncl ed; sterile shoots preiierl't, Clfieez‘lini..'..00.0.0.0...O'..00....0..'.. 5. EIO bifida. l. EnlOK peniculets L. (panicledJ- Ijlgjecg :Lt11ur1u L LloK slludulLC1 Jhutlw. $11!:LJ1‘r11fi91L1 Eritton. Gerden lhlox. Ierennisl. A souttern species rare in southern tart of stste. Locasionully escsped fras 51rdéns. July - dept. Specimens examined: CL ebO"gex Co. (J. K. “filers, 933); Leweenew Co. (0. no Fsrwell, 1:18); usint Clsir Co. (C. 1. Dodge, i ent. by K. L. Lackenzie, 1914); asyne Co. (E. 013 de.z'itz, 1917). Reported from: Calhoun 00. (C. 1. Barr, 1908); Usklund Cc. (J. h. Stacey, 1894); *Ottsws Co. (Klass L1st, u. a. 2., 19:30 ); Heshtensw Co. (B. n. nel ole, 1933). + 2. Phlox mucul ta 1. (spotted). £}1932:_MY°01815.A1t° uild bueet-. .illism. Perennial. a more southern species. Cccasions l alor1g streeLs and in waste places. June - Aug. specimen exunined: hashtensw Co. (E. n. Helpole, 193‘). Recorded from: Luskegon 00. (V. C. Graham, 192 ). 3. EglfgLIQQfEEEZL' (hairy). Downy or irairie Phlox. Perennial. Ee;11: and dry soil. Connon in southern half of lower peninsula. I-:V - July. Specimens eKsnined: Cass Co. (0. F Eheeler, 1890); Ionia CC. (C. F. hheeler); Jackson 00. (5. I. a D. 8. C1np, 1895); lesnnzoo Co. (A. E. Burgess, 1903); Lent Co. (0. H. Fullsss, lifid); Livingston Co. (C F nheeler & B. 0. Longyear, 89F); Lakland Co. (D. Clurk, 1873); (‘3 nt .Joseph Co. (A. 13. Burgess, 1903); Van Euren Co. (H. S. Pepoon, 1903) washten1V Co. (3. C. Almendinger, 1850). Reported from: Berrien Co. (H o. Iepoon,1906); Calhoun 00. (C. 3. Barr, 1908); linton Co. (B. 4. .1lrole, 193:); Eaton Co. (8. 1. uslpole, 1935); Inglne1 Co. (B. A. uslpole, 1935); Lsyeer Co. (E. A. Erothertcn 1992); Iacomb Co. (1. A. Erotlerton, 1892); Banistee Co. (E. P. Daniels, 1908). Also a. T. her1V ref: or s: Genesee Co. 4. Phlox divericeta 1. (divergent). 911d Blue Ihlox. Perennial. hoist deciduous woods. Lore ccnnon in southernhslf of stete,a1thou:h it may be I'ound trroug hout. upril — June. Specimens e: (shined: Cass Co. (C. 1. ..Leelcr, 1290); Grstiot Co. (C. a. uuvis, l8C8 8); hillsdsle Co. (D. a. Ielton, 18V4); Inghen 30. (H. C. cheels, 1894); Ionia Co. (0. fl. JLeeler); Jackson Co. (s. H. and U. n. Cenp, 1891); Islsmszoo Co. (0. L. audwo'th, 1877); “ecosts CO. (H. 1. Esiley, 1892); Saint Ulair Co. (0. 2. Dodge, 1392); Schoolcraft U0. (1. L- Burgess, 1903); Van Eure11Co. (L. n. fanning- ton, 1910); '..1s tens W Go. (4. C. AlrenCin1er, 1850);. xford Co. (E. C. Sheels, 189d). Reported from: Calhoun C (G. a. Davis, 894); Clinton Co. (E. A. Co 13 Helpole, 1938); Eaton Co. . u. hulyole, 193 ); lhnet Co. (Fallass and Swift, 1918); Pent Co. C J. Cole, 1901); Lepeer Co. (1. a. Brotfierton, 1892); Lacomb Co. (5. a. 'rotferton, 1892); Lenistee Co. (I. P. Daniels,1903); Iuskegon Co. (C. u. LcLouth, 1897); Oakland CO. (H. ». brotherton, 18 93); oaginuw Co. ( illiam Yein); Saint Joseph 30. (F. I. Daniels, 1903); luscolu Co. (C. h. Dodge, 1921); Layne 00. (C. 1. b‘erwell, 190C). 1130 1. I. wherry regorts from Alle en Co., Lem1 ie 00., berrien Coo, Cenesee Uk-, brand traverse Co., Lidlend ‘o., and Ottawa 60. 5. Phlox bifide heck. (divide‘ in tno). Cleft Erhlox . lerennial. Dry places. Rare. April - June. apecimens e: ca1ined: Berrien Co. (C. n. wheeler, 1890); Saint Josepn vo. (C. F. wheeler, 1890). A. T. "berry reports Cass Co. and St. Joe ph Co. 6. Phlox subulata L. (subulate) Ground or L 83 Pink Perennial. Common in 10*Ner pe11insulu. Dry sandy or rocky soil. upril - June. bpecine ns e2camined: Calhoun Co. (W. J. be11,1898); C. F. ‘uheeler, 1890;; Janet Go. (C. no 3311833 11:90 Cretiot CL. C. a. Davis, 1892); Isabella Co. (C. A- Davis, 92); Jackson Co. A. 4. Keller, 189o); lent Co. (allven Bees, 1891); Livingston Co. eler C Lon year, 1898); Lacomb Co.(D. Clark); dashtenuw 30. 8- C. ulnendint r, 1850). Reported from; 011: tOI Co- (B. A- Walpole, 1958); Eaton Co. B. a. Helpole, 1955); Inghnm Co. (B. A. delpole, 1938); Lapeer Co. T. n. Erotherton, 1893);1um}3eon Co (V. L. Cruhnm, 1931); Ceh and o. (9. n. Brotherton, 1892); saint J088773100. (F. I. Daniels, 1903); ”a"ne Cp. (0. A. Ferwell, 1900). Cass Co. 2. GILIA. R. & P. Cilia coronopifolie lers. Ctendin, C press- Eereniiel. Connonlv cultivated. 4 western species. June - nug. Specime ns e: :1ni1m ed: 1118 :n Co. (0- E. Leuffgen, 1910); GI'tiot Co. (C. A. Mavis, 189a); lent C . ( C. H. Fellesc, 1 8o); Lontceln Co. (4374‘- 3 no Go. (C. Lillington, 191$); saint 16); nuabteniw Co. (;. ». «algole, 1331). - no nelyole, 1900); Luzon Co. (b. A. »- Je pole, 1999); Tuscole Co. (B. C. lonfiyeir, 1900); Clair Co. (B. n. C endle Reported from: Clinton Co. uelpo1e, 198$); Inghem Co. (1 rank 1L ieht, 1. a. 8-, 19 Polexoniu.z.rept1ns l. (creeping). Green Jeleii1n- Perennial. Lare- woods Specimen exnnined: a sht a enaw 00. (B. a. Helpole, 1422). Reported from: Cass Go. (To a. Pepoon, luv!) -15- IV . EYDRCi HILLLCML Corolla- lobes co: volute in bad; per 3Lni;l “1th scLly cot-stock; leLf—segLeLts ovate or ovul.--.-.o-.--o- lo EydrOphfllum Corolla- lobes imhricsted in tud;unL1Ll;l3Lf- segments linear or linear-oblont.................... PLuCcliL. PO 1- EYERCkKILLUh (Iou?n.) L. Mater—leaf. N m L-\ "1 Calyx with a 3 L11 re flexed up; endage in 3302 sinus....... Cgly: vit‘out Lo'enlwgl . L3 Ves yaLmztaly lobed................................. 13 V33 Linux tuly divided............................... HCQ H Pl <: o H- s. *1 (“7" F) r: H :5 ,4 r l. Tydrophyllun virqinianuL L. \ Tirfinia u3t3r-leuf. t: ennigl CcmLon in Loist HDGds in lower peninsulq. 1 r - uu1. “gs cimens exhxuinoii Borrien Co. (3. Eillin gtoa, 1921); gaton Co. (2. L. nulrole, 1933); Luuet Co. (I. C. 1 1. j. Gates, 1917); CeLesee Co. (E. L. dterff, 1307); Brat ot Co. (C. L. DLvis, l?97); IL LL So. L. C 113~ls, l’QL); lent Sm. \L. . 5111333. 997); 1Loc.b Co. ' 033', l—QL‘ - ‘ . , out.. 1 33); uLlnt 01,1? 0. . 1. no; 3, 1 LL); L311”13333 1 . f ); JLn .. «JD 3‘0 (I.- o I'L11IIL1L1 JU1, _..W‘l ), ”.13 Z .17; $00 (:12- ‘30 SlipClC, 1‘.“ )0 {3301‘th from: 0118 3k. (1:. L. 13:. CL, TCA); 01111ton Lo ('1’. -.. nLloole ,lQLL); lavazr Co. (a. L. -ratlz- 3;, l 93); LLListoe Co. (1. 1. Donjels, 1 C3); 411nt 30; “3 Jo. :1. lo 41L1311, l C 3); 1uL- COlJ JC- (30 o U95; V, 1):.Jl) 0 2. KgdrognjllzL 3133;31 alLtuL 113:1. (ngLL 1 ed}. .Qj;enigg 3d L1ter—l.e 1f. IsregniLl. Loist decidg us wools. Co 10L. Ligauthat. LJy-JLLs. dgeoi ens 311.1L31: Esrri L 30. (I. CleiL, 1503); c g; C, (C. f, A L, l; 3); ILLia Co. (3- 4. o. (d. L. 11ilgy, 1:33}; LLCOLL 30- \o- 1L; Cc. (R. R. Dre'stach, 1914,; ochoolcruft Co. “ o. (H. 0- lsroon. 1903); thl teL1J O (J (J t . r C“ l *t h o :33lcr, 1330); Cemesec 00. (J. 0111k, lLLJ); Clggio Lo. ( " ‘ '1 . b D } Co. (.1. C. “31 cqathager, 1830); Reported frog: >'1‘1'e1tcn Go. (a. L. 0‘ h‘oler (II. o“. r33001‘1,l{~Cu;»); 1.111115 L k3: L 30- (J. C. C-11han,1921); 331Lt Na 7. I ‘3‘“. qun3 Co. (J. A. dutton, 1313). 1 :1lo113-, 1;- 1. 14-, L: “j; o. (E. E. o 3131:, 1503,; Lu;- OseTi 30- (3- to DLLiels, 1905)- .. U :oaa—leLv 9 L1t3-—lr1?. }"sl‘el‘1lli;ilo 1-01:2:t docifiuc‘us‘. "o 03 . 00:11:31. .‘3<_1u+21<‘.1‘n 33.1? of lcm'e pon1n u‘L. JUL‘ - 1a . Brecixens exaLiLed; All? ; Co. (C. '. Iva”-LL, lfilC), E righ Co. (3. Lillinston , 1919); 3:53 30. (Q. J. Lt31, lFCL); L'tcn Co. (E. L~ L1lpcle, 1933); G313; 33 3:. (D. ClLsk, lite}: IHLIJ we. (I- 3- o 3-1:, 394); rtnt Coo (LLLV I. FLllssr, 12? }; ILDCHC C“. (J. 3colcf, IS4E}; L939“t3 30‘ {V° l- ;L1]ey, l¥93); bLJLt C1::r CL. (C. ”. Jodie, 1:92); p. 5.; k _ “v “ ". ‘1 1“ . Y I , '1-“ I ' I. .‘. ‘ l ’ 1" -1 n dLl-Jl§C \./C'0 (H. In ;-0rtfilC"-r, l 11“. ) , v-JL'S...tr_.‘l ..2 1/3.). (:40 V. 4...]4.” 011 (1.111;: (‘5- , -, ‘ ~ 1“ .. .’ ' ~.-- I‘- Rerortea from: *sston boo (An a- CQ(L, L. L. L fi,_ . 7'?“ '-poon, liUd), ad ne Co 8d fifi‘ffil, ii. '1'. U. , 192A?) . C) O -:§U L )5 H (D J. 193‘ lhecslis Frsrklinii (R. Er.) (for Er n:~_‘). Frankliii' he elie. annual. Dry coil all C19‘T1L\. June — Lu eat. 50 fror Isle Revels W are it is rrrrertly metive. Specixe: ersxin C: I ls ?o*:le (Dr A. . Toots, lF68 n o RA7\0“t\' fl‘CIL: 151C .firl’fil‘? (i. 15' 000:8 V. BCRlG-Il'jlc 111.13 Nutlets erhed, i.e., coverei wLoZly or in rgrt Flowers in psuicled. Lo e or less scorpioi rely COVe nutlets spreading or divergeLt, ALti ‘ a U. Iith 1r receLes icLls 3 I‘GO. Eli-t}. El‘icl'.:10:;........OICOOOCOOOOOOOOO......IIOOOOO Flowers in racemes, not scorpioid; Lutlets erect or incurvei, at less at first, tLe usrgins or chLs only covered with prickles, sides pspillose or t‘d‘oerCUlfltSOO0.000.000.0000....-00.000.000.000... fiutlets not distinctly armed. Throat of 001 olls closeo by 5 scsles Corolla rotate; entLers erect, conniVent into a Corolla tubular; anthers not connivent.............. TLroat of corolla oygr 3r nerely wit}: folds or ores Flowers yellow or wkite......................... Flowers blue to purple. Corolla irregular, stamens unequal........... Corolla regular, stenens equal. C0118 '.‘ \_.‘. Flowers large (1—2.5 cg. lon , corolla-tube longer than calyx.......................... Elowers snell (less tLgn 1 cm. long), corolla- tube about equal to calyx.................. 1- CYHUGLOSJCL L. Hound's Tongue- Flowers reddish, purple or white; stem leafy; Flowers blue; stag not leafy above; perennial. Corolla smell (6-8 mm. broel); nutlets 4-5 hm, long biennial.... Corolla larfier (10-12 mm. broad); nutlets 7-9 mm. long. 1. Cynoglossum officinale L. (of the shops). Congon Vound's Tongue. Naturalized frat surope. Fields and waste 3 l, (_‘V __ La}, - J'IIUO some weed. Comxon. Throushout. Specimens exanined: alleLtn Co. (C. H- Peiff (G. L. Lies, 1867); C] erlrvcl“ Co. (g. A. fess (F. 0. Gates, 1911); «Lnet CO. (L. C COO (CO ‘30 DG‘V1S, 1:953); 1111:1121; COO (1:0 E van, H: LL‘ ’4’ \‘J O} o ()1 Yen Euren *JCXfOTd only records Cynoelossum. lappule- 3;? -ELytum. Li tho s1. emum . Lichiun. . Lertensiu- Lyosotis. C. C. C. officinsle boreele- virginienum. Often a trouble— 1915); Berrien Co. ey,1912); Loboygsn Co. L- T- Gates, 1917); Gratiot 0- dkeels, 1894); Lent Co. -17- (J. Shaddick aid G. nye, 1895); he eweer’w Co. (T. J. Hermann, 1925); Lackinac Island (0. x. LillspauLFJ, l: 98); Leco sta Co. (C. U. Fallass, 1881); Oakland Co. (L. H. }1nninrton 1910), Saint Clair 00. (C Dodg e, 1892); Schoolcraft Co. (no i. LurLess, 1905); Jen Luren (H. 5. Pepocn, 1905); hashtenaw Co. (n. C- nlme:d.in;er,1850). Reported from: *nntrim Co. (8. 5. Billings, 1915); Baraga Co. (I. T. Durlington, 1920); *Eenzie (Sn. Taylor, R. F. u-, l92e); Ca1- houn Co. (C. 5. Barr, 1908); Cass Co. (1. o. Pepoon, 1905); hippewa Co. (0. 1. dodge, 1914); Dickinson 00. (C. H. Coons, 1909); Gogebic Co. (E. T. Darlington, 1920); Grand i'ravers e Co. (H. T. Darlington, 1919); Luron Co. (C. a. Davis); Lapeer 00. (J. so Brotherton, 1892); Lacomb Co. (9. a. Brotherton, 189‘); Lenistee Co. (E. 1 De niels, 1902); Larquette Co. (0.11. Dodge, 1918); Luskegon 00. (C. 0. LcLouth, 1890); Cntonugon Co. (H. T. Darlington); Saginaw Co. (Hill— iam heim); daint Joseph Co. (52 I. Daniels, 1902); Tuscola Co. (0- L. Dodge, 1921); dayne Co. (0. A. Ferwell, 1900); *Jexfbrd 00. (hrs. en. Hargrove, H. T. U-, 1925); Bay to Saint Ignace (C. L. Dodge, 1921). CO 2. Cynoglossum virginianum L. Wild Confrey. Lore southern form. In sandy woods. Rare. npril - Lay. Specimens examined: Gratiot Co. (0. a. UaVis, 1892); Luskeéon Co. (C. D. thouth, 1899). Reported fror: Clinton Co. (B. J. Walpole, 1955); aaton Co. (B. a. .alp ole, 1955); Ingham Co. (B. s. «alpole, 1955); Lenistee Co. (E- P. Daniels, 1902); Saint Clair Co. (0. L. Dodte, 1899); Tuscola Co .(C- L. Dodge, 1921). 5. CynoLlossun boreale Fernald (northern). Lorthern aild C mfrey. A fonn common in the upper half of the state. Hoods and banks. _ Lay - June- Specimens examined: Alpena 00. (C. 1. Dodge, 1912); unmet Co. (0- J. Falless & hrs. umith, 1927); I:1e doyele (C. A. IrO'n, 1950), LeVIeens .v Co. (F. J. Hermann, 198$); LenOL inee 30. (C- A- Davis, 1905). Rerorted from: Lackinac Is. (3. l. Dodg., 1915); Cntonagon Co. (H. 2. Burlington); Bay to Iackinac Is. (0- 1- Dodge, 1921)- 2- ILIYCIQ Loench- Stickseed. Fruiting pedicels reflexed, racemes bracted only at base- Fruit globose; nutlets covered with barbed pricLles...3.1o Virginians. Fruit pyramidal; nutlets papillose with a single row of barbed prickles. - Fruit 4—5 mm; long; prickles flattened, some- times confluent..............................t L. floribunda. Fruit 5—4 mm. long; prickles but slightly flattened....................................6TL. deflexa. Fruiting pedicels not reflexed; racemes bracted throughout hutlets with barbed prickles in 2 rows, distinct....... 1. L. Leppula- Lutlets with barbed pricLles in 1 row, flattened, more or less confluent........................... 2. L. texana. 1. Lappula Larpula (L.) Kerst. (Shell 15'sot15 11Iruld 1. 11;;111 echin t.’i Cilib. bur). 11§§g§h1ifixosoyis.toencn. gch inc 3 1: er} .._u_11; ““111 LelUJIo ‘European 5t1c1355 11111111611 0 haturalized fPQL Common nurope. Chroughout in was a rlaces. Iey Specimens e ined: Cheb uoygan Go. Harbor (F. C. Hood, 1885); Ammet Co. _J'H xix-«L. - dept. ( ( J- R Co 1'.“ Ehlers, 1917); Capper Fallass,1880); “ratiot C0° (0' 4° UdViS. 339); Houghton 30- (F- J. Hermann, 1927); Inghan 00' (E- C- dieels 189%); Leweenaw 00- (0. 1. 1arne11,1888); Lent CC 0 (E20 11.0 Elilelr,189 3)‘ , 1-310kalac ISly-Iid (3 :1]. L 1113132101; h, l BQE‘ ), o ‘;) Lacomb Co. (D Cooley, 13.1 Lareuette UO. y-On1' (:10 DdCLnOnmil, 1900); kidland Co. (H 11- Dreista ch, 1915); Eresque Isle Co. (C. h. Dodge 1913); Saint C1air Co. (0- 1. Dodge, 1992); Van buren Co. (I. 5. Pepoon, 1905); hashtenaw Co. (8. C. ninendinger, 1860). Reported from: Antrim Co. (E. 1. Eessey, 1920); Calhoun Co. (C. :- Earr, 19 08); ChippeWa Co. (C. i. podge 1914); ’'Clinton Co. (1310); DCrand Traverse Co. (E. T. Darlington, 1919); Huron Co. (C. 1. MVis); Lupeer Co. (E. 4. Brotherton, 1892); Ianis tee Co. (F. E. Luniels ,1902); 1.uske§on Co. (C. a. Eelouth,189d,; Oakland a U o. (3. 1. Erotherton, 1E92); Iipes one (H. 5- lepoon, 1908); 55»11av CC. (13. Feim); ‘choolcraft Co. (0. 1. Dodge, 1915); Tus- cola 00- (C- I. Dodge, 192 ); Edy to at. Ignace (C. L. dodge, legl). 2. Lapula texana (Schule) Eritton (interwoven). "unorlossum_pilosur Hutt. 1c._ i _no131er} 1711; 1799‘ U} m. o‘cheele . 11. 1110118111111. 339191.591-11}. V.“ 1. 9."). 11121:" ‘11; -1. Cray . Ediry dticlseeu. gnnuul. Dry soil. lure. In lort cr111f of lo".er penin— sula. Afril — nu.u t. Specinens ezanine‘: Cletoyt-n 30. (F. 0. Lates, 1911); HMLISt Co. (Co No 3511533, 1934)- Roported fron: alpene Go. (0. I. Judie, 1921). 5. Lappula Virginiana (Lo) C-reeie 11719801112131-1211 11:15:11: 1.. :f1o-lossdn Lorisol1 QC. 20111110111111: _vi {rt-11101 1 12111. «ire ini1 sticlseed. Liennial. Ur], sandy woods. Csnzcn. 1hgcu~h;ut. June — 5e Jpecimens eXunined: Earrien Co. (G. ;illinéton, 192 0); Clss Co. (E. 5. repoon, 1905); Charlevoix Co. (1. a. Lessey, 1912); G‘stiot Co. (C. 4- Davis, 1319); In: 5 Co. (J. qLaddick and f. C. 5Leels, 1895); Jackson Go. (5. 1. 6 D. A. C 15, 1897); Tenc CC. (C- L. Fgllass, 1961); Iefieenaw Go. (0. n- 11rxe11, l E); .-conb Co. (0. Ccoley, 18d0); gu k con 00- (C. u- 1cL1uth, 1:19), Zewcy'o Jo. (Darlington 5 Eessei, 1915); Cttswa Co. (J. bladi1ck 1895); Quint 1a1r Co. (C. I. Dodgg, 1295); Jas ien;n Co (A. 0- alnciding.r, ”370‘. Jeuortc. from: Calloun Co. (Co 5- 1r1, 19(8); 0 ehey an Co. (2. 0. Gates, 1915); Dic-1ns n Cc. (3. 2- Coons, 1909); LLLet CC. ’w L“ \ (Flllgss . a 1ft, 131-); Lopeer Cc. (h. A. :rct_.L “ton, 1:92,; Lackinlc ISljul (C. I. uci;e, lRlu); Lanietee Co. (E. F. Dlniole, 1333); C411 dd Co. (1. n- Ercthgrfinu, 1392); dliut Josu_;h Cc. (F. I. Daniels, 1903); Vozl leeL Go. (L. 3. Lagoon, 196 ); ud’he Co. (L. L. zlrve ll, 1906); 11y Co. to 3;:ut 1;;ece (C. Lo Jodie, 193l). 4.1;tpula florlkunlx (Lehn.) Greene (large flowerei). ; Vi‘O“er U‘ f oribunit: lehL. Lelge-flowered qtiC.Sbfido Bienn11l or perennial. Rare 1n Lic“1;en. June - LU . 3rec1nen rauificd: Lttl 3 Co. (C. d. $111131, liLg). E. Lapgula de1leta (J1L1.) G1rcke (held osida). Lchinosrer~u; de-leru¢ v;r. aLeric-nur l. Cr’y. .135; 39:12 ’ 19:11"- <5: 21:1. 1‘“ - 113d7122 .lticEzmscd. Lnnuel. Rich wacss. Coc;s1c1;l 11 “ortterr yert of lowz~ pcninsu L. :13: - -1111. Sgccinene e11L1h232 Chetoy a Gr. (3- G. CLv-s, 191 ); ;:I.et Cc. (C. u. Folluss, 1993}; Grurr w‘1xv; rse CLO {Co No rdlluss, l(;97)- Regorted from: *Cherlevcit So. (4. L. Less:y, 1933). 5- 1-or+*“181l Rot-.. Plants glelrous; receLes cor5Lo—11ko;corolla not Greeteu in thr0ut......................................... 1. L. Virfiihicg. -+. . Alli] , 3 Llant: puresce Created racemes loosely pa nicle co in tlLrO-liL/OOOOOOO000.000.00.00... l. Lertansil v1rr1nic1 (L-) DC. P111 911.11 1 1'1 1‘. 11-1 ca fir T L. ...-..— inia ooJo11L 1 30111 K- paniculutao Perennial» Leedows flLi Llon; strem s. R1re. Lgrch - 11y- eci en er;11ne*: Lint Co. (A. r; Jutteson, 1894). Reported froL: *Lapeer Co. (A. a. Leson, 1917‘; Lfiahcgcn Co. (7. L. QthLL, 1921). 2. I “rt Mlsiu p nicul ate (11t.) G- Don. (31311 web). E'l.01.ri. §;n1cpjjtfi Lit. _. “T;ll lun$17 ort --— Ieranm;1 =1. Lure. In ufper “11f of 3t-te. July - Lu ust. Sjccim ns ex1L1ned: Chebovgea Go. I. K. JLlers, 1929}; Coeebic - L 2. Dlrlingtoa, 1320); Kemeenew Co. (Le71s, Icote 193$); 19’0 L, J L. ) J" 1ft, I: ‘19 CO. (C. A. Erogn, rted frog: 11 at Co. (0. 2 ° T‘Hill, 11,90). f L“ ' r11 1: e1 1orter t an tEe corolla bread........................ as long as the tube; corolla broad or less.................. Oily: with str31 Calyx-lobes 5-9 1"?1‘rL—3Ss r7 1' Calyx-lobes 5 Kflh H. o Forret-Le— A *w 191“) I \d' EATS-11 not . perennials. 1. 0000.000 Lu. 0-000... 201\0 otte Co. Calyx with spreading heirs, some of them booked or gland-tipped; annuals or biennials. Pedicels longer the tie calyx..................... 5. L. arvens is. Pedicels shorter or ewlu ling the calyx. Flowers blue; calyx—loses e u11................. 4. ilowers white; calyx- lobes ule uel.............. o. 4. IcCiunt11. ;. virginics. 1. lyosotis scorpioides L. (scor Tfi on-like). IVosotiQ scorriomide_s var. p3 lstt:_i: L. Ljosotis “11%;Eiki 11E Aorfetgne-Lot Perenni1l- Congonly escaped free cultivition. Lay - July. Specinens examined: JLflBt Co. {2. 0. Lstes, 1917); Lent Co. (C. n. Fqlless, 1894); hucosb CO. (C. H. lduffmsn, 1910); Saint Clair Go. (C 1.. Uodge,190b); weshte enuw Co. (B. a. helpole, 19L0). Rs ported from: Cslnoun uo. (C. a. b1rr, 1908); Cheboygsn Co. (3.12. allers 1nd 3. C. Gates; 1924 4); Chirpequ do. (L. a. Lessey, 1921-3); Clinton Co. (E. A. nclpole, 1950); Aston Co. (B. 4- helpole, 1953); Ingn1n Co. (B. an Walpole, 19Lo); udshtenew Co. (B. A. hul- pole, 1925). 2- Lyosotis lsxa Lehm. (loose)- iggsqtii 1311.11.91.19: varo 1:11;: a» Grayo Dweller Iorget-ne-not. Perennial. Let, muddy soil. Occasional. Lore connon in northern part of stute. hey - July. Specimens examined: Alger Co. (K. L. heckenzie. 1916); samet Co. (C. a. Fallass, 1918); Isle Royale (0- A. Brown, 1950); Leweenew Co. (F. J. Hermann, 1926); Luskegon Co. (C. D. LcLouth, 1900). 3. Lyosotis ervensis (L. ) Lela. (of cultivated ground). Field Scorpion-grass. Annual or biennial. Perhaps not indigenous. Fields. Rare. June - August. Specimens examined: *Leckinaw Is. (1. I. a S. 1. Lerper, 1899); haslteiew Co. (J. P. Porneifi, 1915). 4. Lyosotis micrenthe Pall- Blue Scorpion-grass Annual or biennial Neturslized from Europe. Here in Lichiren. Fields or roe dsides. hey - July. Specimens ecerined: Liv n_ ston Co. (E. u. srlsnson, 1924); Washtenew Co. (E. 9- Lrlanson, 1924). 5. Lyosotis virginicu (L.) B. J. I. £13033 18 _v_i_rg _inici L . gypsotisuyerQeVLutt. Lsrly or apring dcoryion-grsss. Ann;el or bienni :11. Dry hills and hunks. Comnon in lower half of lower peninsula. “p311 - June. Specimens examined: Buy 00. (C. 1. nevis, 1900); Clinton Co. (H. C. steels, 1595); Inghug Go. (0- b. uhe elei, 1890); Jackson Co. (5- E- and U- “- Cusp, 1895); Livingston Co. (J. I. L., 1898); Hashtenaw Co. (L- U- Jennings, 169$). Reported from: Lapeer Co. (3. A. Erotherton, 1992); Lackinsc Island (a. Dodge. 1913'); moor-b Co. (3.. brotherton, 15:92); Oakland 00- (8- n. Erothertoz, 1693); Saint Joseyh CC. (3. I. ”’niels 1 1903); inficola 90~ (0. 1. Dodge, 1921); n1 ne Co. (0. A. Eerwell, 1900). 5. LITECSEfijL’h.L. Cromwell. Puccoon. Flowers in dense leafy racemes, bright yellow. Corolla-tube 2-4 times length of calyx; later flowers cleistoxanous....................... 6. L. linearifolium. Corolle- tube %-2 times ler gth of calyx; flowers all perfect. Tube of corolla bearded within; flowers pedicellate.............................. 4. L. carolinense. Tube of corolla-not bearded; flowers sessile... 5. L. canescens. Flowers distant, white or yellowish white. Lutlets grey or brown, dull and roughened; corolla .1it out 31y distinct appendeges..... l. L. arvense Iutlets er00 h and hi e; corolla with 5 ' crests in tne throat Corolla longer th>n calyx; leaves lenceolate, ‘ acute.................................... 2. L. officinele. Corolla shorter tten cel;,c; leaves ovate, acurz' _n3 .... 3. L.1atifolium. l. lithospermum arvense L. (of cultivated ground). Bastard Alkanet. Corn Gronwell. Annual or biennial. Neturulized fron Lurope. Haste places and fields. Lore conron in lower half of lower peninsula. Lay - 11115 ‘11 s t . Specincns ex; ined: Cheboygan Co. (J. E. uhlers, 92o); lamet Co. (C. 1. ballnss , 1699); Genesee 00- (Do ClarT); Gratiot 00- (C- A' Davis,1:90);hillsdsle Co. (u. 4. keltcn, 1565); Inthnm 00- (J- Cole,18.‘b ; chkson CO. (e. H. and J. h. Sump, 897); lelalezoo Co. (18 95); lent Co. (0. a. Fellass, 1839); St. Clair Co. (Co I. Hodge, 1?: 7); Slint Joseph 00. (A. b. Southwick); Van nuren Co. (H. Q. }epoon,1906); Meshtenaw Co. (L. C. Almendin5er, 1830). Reported frcn: aBerrien Co. (E. L- luikins, I. ‘1. u., 1919); Calhoun 00'. (G. "- Davis, 1894); lepeer Co. (a. n. hrotherton, 1892); Inconb Co. (a. a. Brothenton, 1892); *Lecosta Co (3- n-.Losey, 1920); Lekland Co. (N. 4. Erot‘11e rto1, 1893); I1mus}; gen 00- (3- Do LcLouth, 1897); Tuscole Co. (3- R. uodge, 1921); neyne Co. (L. n- Ferwell, 1900)- 2. Lithosgermum officinale L. (of the shoys) Perennial. Yeturslize d from.surope Throughout. Lay - aufust. rd . H. Specimens exunined: Cheboyysn Co (J. 1. “Ale“s, 1936); Lfickinac Island (H. P. Bebcock, 1974); Saint Clair Co. (C. L. dodge, 1907); Schoolcraft Co. (A. D. Eur5ess. 1905 ); Tuecol; Co. (0- A. D3Vis, 1998). Peported from: L net Cc. (C. J. Felless and C. K. Swift, 1919); In5hiy Co. (E. n. Walpols, 133;), Lapeer Co. (3. ;- Brothertcn, 1992); 3c11n11 Co. (3 1. Dodge, 1331); Zeconb Co. (u. n. Erother— ton, l€92);e11~nd o. (y. a. Lrot‘erto;, 1992); Heshtsnew 30. ( N U 13- --- 31:1‘019, 9:35) Lithospe rmum latifclium Lichl. (breed is veg). ~1erice1 brorwell. Ieranni: . 53niy Joods, dry fields. Lccssion11- Lay. ”reciueis t3nined: Gr3tiot v0 (3. 1- Duvi , 193): 10:13 3C. (C. I- Uheelcr, 1?90}; isc in3: Go. (A. 1. 1nd 3. 4. Llrrmr, 1994); 1lcOye Cc. (E. Cooley, 1611}; 1u;;e;on uu- (C. u. -clcutk, 1;?9); ulint 0131: Co. '0. l. 4w? ‘, 1"”2; 3slten3J Us. (3. 3. 31:3 iin er, 1 30). ch"“13‘ fr 3: In.h1 Go. (3. 4. t 1pcle, 11;”); lent Co. (E. C. 3.8.3113, 1:53), :11? (3:. 14C. (..o “‘0 1.1": u:3‘3rt0-1, 99.3,); kal-lLLIAL‘ 00- (3-4- .... BrLWX';rqcu1, liiti). lithosgermlLL 1rol11u11h3 (311}.) 130 1- .nnnril;3_c;rolixcnsis .31t. Letsc l1_ia 013:0 lirjnisis 11131. 1_1 tL<:s:1ej1 111 1111'f131 1;;113. lizn33:e£ u” ..elidi (h10Ln-) 11b013- 131:3 LP Chelin's 11c och- 1er3nni31. c.3r1cteri tie of ehbry mic lel1hs .ni ”ejav:n_tud d1u:3E-- 131u31 l :V1t311 IiCnI‘ U31: t IL3I .1. 73c1-h::;. .1gl‘il - J.P-- ‘I ‘ ‘ t d: 415cu1 we. r. u gr, 1;:3,; g' (1513J ;.Lerri,11;h1. (C. 13 .L1‘e-'r, lfiJif'; GILLC;_.n; Jo. {J} 1 . 3hlers, 1933);.3333t Cc. (C. 1. wheeler, 159C}; iun 1323 (3. 3. qulug, 1891); Turun Co. (C. ». J1Vis, 1333); Ignie Cue (LMrV Clern); hent Co. (E. 3- b3ilny, 139;); L313 n3rbor (L- L- Elbe h, 1;.3); Lee n- u vo. (P9311 nod» , 1€17); L3con. 03. (D. Cooley 1332); L1SC3 CC. (0- Co luzm 0:5, 1316); Lancninee 90- (C- a. u3vip, 193;); Lcnroe Cc. (nlry V11.11., 1333); Lu34211n CL- (3- 1. n rliniton 3n 3- no Sweaty, 1910); o1int 3131? CC- (C- 1. #3253, 1533); noise"— cr-ft Ow. u. 1. o. C3rJel‘, 1913,, 713 ~aren 90. (E. J. lvgocn, iota); JesLtawiw Co. (A. ;. dci_1ns, 1'6.). 1elorted frc1' Icever I 131$ (H I. hurlingtcr, 1933); C335 Cc. (E. a. Eerocn, qu); Cl3sit; 151 he (3- 1. ubcge, 1v11); I“ 133 Cc. (15.11. J1lrole, 1935) Icscc>.n.. (I. 0- liltCn, 1321 ); ‘1313L3zco 30- (1:5. 3. 3. E3rter. 1. 1- 3., 193 ); Lapser Co. (3. A. Lrotnertcn, 1993); Lenistee Co. (E. I. D3niels, 1908); L3hlmni Co. (u. 3. Il‘otlm r— tcn, 1992); 815113? Co (1111133 1311); Saint Josefh Co. (3. To 311 els, 1963); Tuscold Cc. (C. L- Uoig~,1931) a y Cc. to olint Ifnece (3-I .xxd e, 1951). L “LOSIBILU3LCdRCS e3 (Li 1x. Lehz. (beco1in :r13)o ELtSCPi; clncscens 11011. hourfi'itic ccon. lisl‘L’Zjllqlo D11“ 8311 :5 soil- 31:1:11‘11 in 1011's: 131? of 10.1"}: lsrl1~dl1. n1ri1 - June. speci3ens e: nincd: 3153 VG. (C. 1. “heel r, 139“); Clinttn 31. (11'- C- ujzeels, 1194;»); Icnie 3o- (C. .. ...:eelir, 1539’»); Jicmcn Cs. (3. 1:. 11d 11-.3. 031;., 1:97); lunrt Co. (1.. U- 1;ee1s3111 J. ~i_1;:ick, lEQQ); tee VC‘ 0 ...; u) 5) T ‘.' Y LA. in . ' ' ‘4' I':. 3 ’\v' ‘r‘ _q \J '4 UJ‘II xi - Cacti; ( . '0 " a I- I331; JJZ“; , HQSLtBLl3W QC- ( Gr, lr’v) 33:0“ ew fro.: E33 er 131313 (no - (C. 3- E311 1903); In5311 Go 13. 4. (hrs- a. 3. Lexter, no 1. u-, 192‘); L3peer So. (3. n. Lrotherton, 398); 1393); L-lhlnnd 30. (t. a- Lrotlertou, Dodge, less); Tus col; 00- (C- h- Dede 1 . Ugilli: 'Il:uliu 0-! (‘3 , I ‘3 :51 (31". 1393); s 1931). (1:- LJCOL.b CO 0 ton, 1933); Calhoun Co. 193d); L31333zoo Cc. J. rcgocn, lfiQQ); protherion, (C. 1. (u. 1. 31Lt Clair Co. o. LithosPermuL linearifoliu3 Coldiv. (rm MTG! 1e3ve d) . Li ”_._; 5." ergo”; 9115313511311 112; l icr :-:. iarrO1-lv3vcd deCUOIl rer1nnidl Dry soi RJTB- april - Julv. fpocimen exenined: St. Clair Co. (C- 1. Dodge, 899). 1mgorted froxm Leckiuew (C. L. U095“, ‘ c.“ 3 6 ' .5-"IAA’YYL v44. 10 GUILT-“ref 0 Heirs of pubescence soft, not recurved; leaves decurrent fliti. bI‘Ol—gd TNil‘Ls—E‘VSO.IOQIOOOOOOOIIOIOOOIOOOOOOOOIIOOIl. 3' OffiCiI‘ala. Hairs harsh, recurved; leaves not decurrent.............2. 5. as ;.eri .uL. l. Synphytum officindle L. (of the sh‘ps). Comncn Corfrey. Healing—hero Perennial. Neturelized or adventive fran suroge. haste pleces and fie lds. OccasiOLel. June - August. Specimens examined: Benzie Go. (1888); Gyetiot Co. (C. A. deis, 1315); Hashtenaw Co. (B. A. fielpole, 1919). Relo orted frarm AlCOfld Co. (C. L. Dodge, 19 21); nlpena Co. (C- L- Dodge, 1921); *Gorebic 00. (C. 5. Cundersor, 1919); Ingham Co. (B. A. L3lpole, 1935); Kent Co. (5. J. Cole, 1901); Lapeer Co. (3. no Brotherton, 1992); Lacomb Co. (J. a. Brother on, 1893); tukland Co. (J. 1. Lrotterton, 1892); Saint Clair Coo (C- L. Dod e, 1999); Xeshtenew Co. (B. 4. Walpole, 1925). 2. Synphytum.esperrimum Donn. (entire-:37 he rsh). Rough Confrey. Perennisl. Leturelized from Auropo. waste grounds. Cccesionsl. June - AUVUSC- peeize s examined: slpens Co. (C. I. Uod{e, 1912); CIeboygdn Co. (J. L. ahlers, 1917); houthou Co. (T. J. -31L3hL, 1956); o3int Clair Co. (C. 1. Dodge,1595); J353t :n:w Co. (C. U. LeRue, 1915); Reported fruu: LLn31 Co. (5. A. nel‘g (ml ,1955); *nginuw Co. (Dr. Ctto J. H. Hoenecke, H. l. u., 1324 ) 7- EC} :IUm L. Viper's Bugloss. Echium vulgere L. (common). Viper's Eugloss. Biennial. L3turalized from gurope. Comion. Lften a troublesone weed Throurhout. June - July. ecimens examined' Beaver 1313:1d (C n. 2311335, 1901); Go. J. H. thers, 1920); *Crand ’1rcverse 0o. (D I:sle1, L. A. 3., 1912); *Kalamazoo Co. (dcotts, 1914); ”L31: ” Jrnond, 1914) ' *Larquette Co. (a. L. Stimson, 1915); I 1912). Reported from: *Antrim Co. (E. 0- Burns; F- T. 5., 1937); *Bcrry CO- (P. J. Rood, E. r‘1. D., 1925); *038 ss Co. (E. H. Eernum, I. T. D., 1925); Inih-fizn Co. (B- A. Walpole, 19 55); *Ionie Co. (Gilbert Curtis, T. T. u., 1929); 3"Isabella Co. (H. U Corbun, E. T. 5., 1918); *Jackson Co. (8. 1.. Isbell, 1914); Kent Co. (0. J. Cole, 1901); Leelaneu Co. (5. 3. Sutchiffer, E. I. 5., 1921); Lackinec Island (C. I. uodge, 1915) ; ‘1: ( m c o O 13' fi L0 Eenistee Coo (F. P. Daniels, 1902); a“Ifeco ste Co. (L ' 3, Jacyso‘, H- m. U. 1925); *WEeI eygo Co. (E. C. etius on, I. Q. U. , 1535); *Osklend Co. (B. R. He'r, H. 1- Do, 1927); *Csceole Ce. (L. C. Atkins, h. ;. u., 193;); *Ctsero 30- (County agent, H. I. J., 1922); ”Shiawassee 30. (Alfred Vincent. H. I. D., 1950); luscola Co. (C. B. Dodge, 1921); *nexford Co. (Clark Lason, H. I. D. 1919). ‘VI. .3b11g1nc;;e3 Fruit a berry. dkrubs or woody vines.......................... I'tel‘bs o l“_ DU ens connete or connivent tenxinsl pore; sec? or lore floxers, never erilla1y....... not connivezt, dehisciij loLgitud :9 y; flowers Lostly sclit _szlige Z-é) in axil: oi‘ le1ves. o- parted; berr/ dry, 5- 5 celled............... 5- -lobed; berry juicy, 2-celled. i‘tinI calyx bladderj—influted, the lobes usually connivent; flOWers SLcll (less tLen 2.5 CL. across} Fruitin~ calyx closely adher to ber the lobes elongated end ogcn, f; xceeding the berry; flovvers la: (2.5 - 5 CL. across)............ , dehiscigy by a inflorescence of 3 )‘4?7 \AA. ‘J " a 'H-‘lr l 11; Fruit a capsular Ce' lyx tuba or priSL1tic, 3-4 times as long broad; reabsules 4-velved, grickly, 5-5 long at maturity......................... Calyx 1-2 times as long as broad; Cegsules SLoo less than 3 CL. lcnfi Lt Leturity. Corolla SOLewlet i; re«slsr, liLb spree —lobed; caps sule cir :uLscis ile, a y . AtL C t1 6‘ tLe t drorping off as a lid................. Corolla repuler, funnel— —forL, tIe li;b scsrc sp1dins, indis tine ly 5-lobed; cepsu 2-c:lled, sometines 4-Velved---.-.-... lo IEYDALCD d BoehL. Eh: selodes physelodes (Lo) ?ri ton. .tr ope ph se lodes I E fsilcu yeLwI “Vi-JDUM iugtze. -_ apple-Crllbri--I- - unguel- Lscupe frog turd ms. ;este plec leru. July - oert. Reported frOL: *Chebo;{;“ Ca. (Floyd QuLLL, beint Clair Co. {0- I. docLe, 39.); “as gene? 33¢); Jayne Co. (o. A. Farvell, 19o0). (1i1 ()1 Lycium. dclenun. 11- V‘Y’ (in leucorhq- ihySLlodes. .0. TY: 1‘ '3 {v ('1 8 + De uru th, ALé . ’ Op ely le Eyoscyenus. \ Licotiana. J - ' 5. es. Levantive from 0 4'30 p0 , 192‘); ; ‘ ., ‘ 1 V0. (11-. no ”1.111.018, 2. 1.1:";1111..J L. grcu-.d-—Cherr;’- Ripe fruits puxgle or reddish; leaves es: entiLlly glebrous or (in l.__v1r1;iana) str1; ggqlose. Leaves Sgell (J-é ch. lUu ), WV te—l; ILCGOLete tager- ing at base; fruiti1g calyx o- nrled......... 4. k. Virginiana- Leaves larger (5-12 CL. lent}, 1ere or less OVute end obligue at bese; f: ui 1 calyx obscure— lO-engled. Fruitiné peduncle snort (5-10 mm” long); calyx— lebes blunt or acute; plant enguelo-..---- 2- 2- ixocerpe- Fruiting peduncle lon_er (30~JO LE. long); celyx—lobes distinctly aoupinete; plant pereagial................................. ”. r. subgleora ta. Ripe fruits yellow or greenish; leaves and :taz 5 put CSCCuLo Pubescence of flat taperin: heirs, often ex- ceeding 1 my. in len “h plant perennial..... 5. i. het930phflla. Pubescence close, shqrt, le:s than 1 Lu. in lengtl; len-t anlluuloooenoooooooooooococoocoo-coooooo l. 1". I)ut)e€cels. l. Physalis pubesceus I- (covered). 10? T 1r" Ground- -Cherry. unnual. candy soil. tccasiona . Lone: half of st;te. .11“ C“. (C. 3. Dodge, 3 I. 5- lepoon, 1903); C Co. (Y. #- repoon, 1905); Quecol; Co. (C. l. "0&31 1321 ; Yen 'uren ‘ uSVteggw Co. ( 1 --;lpcle, 1%? 3). 2. Ih;s-l1: iXOCaL;1- {hysLlle.aegu t3 Jaei LexiCu; vNUU1d C erry. :01atill;. lnzu~ . LLtice of Lexico- Locusienel eeclge fro; cultivation. bpeciLLLns end 1 22:1: legerfee 3.. (.1. ’v‘. --l11-a1:11LC.iI;{er, libel}; 112.113 C 44.. .10 (U0 0 JCBL‘-, l 91) 0 b. 11,1 1111 :3 b'lelr t:..uclcxu;ie a Lani; (L8u31j7 a ootl). ”Sklisqlflil de l h193_11m. J.Lcc:t}; C1uh1m -Ci;el‘ . rerenniul. Lcc_elehfll. gout ern ILrt o t dgecimez' s eru11u1i ~errie- Go. (I. C. Getss, 190;); Gretiot Go. L01loe C0. (p. A. Jelyolw ’" ~' a . -‘ ‘ o r- , (1‘in J l :47] , (- g I . - L -. , 11 -< . - A- ‘ 1 I ~ ; -- L \ ‘,.\ 1 -3Lertec reg: eerrle“ we. \h. a. rage n, lewd); CLLQ v1. (C. u- * ‘ _‘ I“ (“x ' _ " F‘ 1 , ‘41 V V. _‘ r T" \ . ‘ ' ‘ ’_ ‘ .. ,wv ’1 '7 uL “1:00-45, l‘jkj 4.1a4h‘t U. (\JO I: O Lull'.a.bl(__), 1&1 t1] , l..d‘-1.v\jg_ (13$ V'kT . (' . J. \J , ‘J-‘—‘ '1 a - ‘r1 fi' LelouvL, 18: , HQJLC vxo (C0 a. . , T . v1 . , Ir 1 1111 ~ ): IZALLL .-‘H.I’J..L w.“- \_?.o 4- 1'9; (JOI‘., .\ II V u. o I 4. :nys1lls v1 1 lg”; 1131. l'"s 110 2-1 717 0 a. 337- II ! ‘ - ‘ _’ _I v I _ -‘ '1 I. lig'sll LL flI‘ 1L1.D 1 ILL e: 111; .Iutvl . SLLCihflga axluflcgz Dicliusou Cc. (C. “- ugvi: 190;}; hulaulzoc Co. (11- 3: EI‘Urg'ess, 190:3); want 012- (C. ... 1"-11‘153, li'Exj); L;11011111 3 .30. (G. .1. .J_vis, 190.3); 031m 01; r 03. (c. I. 1101,: ,19Cl); has};- tena“ Co. (C. L :Iue ,1915}; figsfiti (C. n. 1311333, lC93). .3: M‘féd fay: Earrien Co. (E. 3. 135001, lQCQ); 0335 CC. (a. a. Iayoon, 1 CG); Aymet Co. (C. J. F3111ss, 1913}; ‘Wrgtiot Co. (4. h. Hill, 1919); In5111zdo- (B. a. uEOceans Co. (I. T. Pickford, 1. n. L., 1‘9 ‘2); Mt1va Co. (J. K. Sweis, I. H., 192 ); “Sapinuw (Vol. l11zen3011e2, 3. a. 1., 1921); Saint Clair Co. (C. E. Dodge, 1902); ”Tusco le 00. (Tuscols County 11dVeI Lliselfi, 191‘2) o 4. Solanum rostratw; D insl (beaked). _191111 hetern1{“jlurs’ 01nd EJr. Euffalo— bur. 1nnua1. nlventiie from Wes 1r- iries and waste :11ces. Common. lgroukhcut. 1w 't ti) I U: r; ‘2’“ [u \ o. Solanum Dnlcannra L. (bitter-sweet). Bitter LightsLsde. kerennial. inturalized from Lurcpe. Haste places and moist thickets. Common. Throughout. 11y - 5c pt. 5- LYCIUL L. Lntrimcny Vine. lyciun foliLifoliun 1111. (hlving le1ves like Atriple: finlimus, tne LracL). 1§§1p1 vulg1r~ uun11 chiup :11r 1run vnr. 331;33§_Ait. - #151111 i11ony line . woody vine. Introduced from Lurope. Cliclets 14a waste alaces. Con1on in lower half of state. Lay — “my. -q ' _ . '.- —: .. I 1. . 35-h\o ' ‘ blecimens ech1ned. brut1ot Cb. (C. no Juv1s, 1 93;, Inghaa Co. H. ” 319312, 1 Qé - Jacl on CC. (5. L. ugfi u. n. 0L1}, 1:93 Lent 013% 18”‘ ' h.1"H11 ss, 1C33); LLint Clair Co. {Co I. U do. (a. a. nulpole, 1918}; maync Co. (C. i 0 e‘ort ed fr 0;: Calhwun Co. (C. a. Lgrr, 1908); Ur1nd 1r1ve‘sa (H. l. Durling-on, 1919); Lupeer Co. (a. a. brotkerton, 169 2‘; La Co. (a. a. krotgerton, 1993); UJRand Co. (a. . Lrothgrtcn, 1893 ‘51n1110 Co. (L. 3. Larnihun, E. A- 3-, 1934 } onhoolcraft Co. (C. L. Dodge, 1915); ”ShiawaSLee Co. (Uzra -by, h. 1 U., 193d); Tusoola Co- (C. 1. Dodge, 1931); washtenaw Co. (B. a. n lpole, 1939}; Kay do. to 1.5311171 ILBJCG (Co 1.0 UOJLB, 19:31). 6. EYLoCYJon (lourn) L- Hyoscyumus niger 1. (black). black K;n: me. Annual or bienn111. Nutrralized frag Lurope. ”a: te places. June - Dept. Specimen? Qxahined: Chcboynag Co 151a; (C. F. Aleelir, 1893); «ashten:= Co. (Law's ¥bote,1970)o Ref: rted frau: JL .et 30. ( m1 Co. (3?:1n5 L d111e 919 1r 00- (C. L. Lodge, 1999) . 2—1- C- no Fallgss and C. E. SW ); LLckinaw Go. ( O F‘ £3 7- DJIU31 L. Leaves irreyllurly serriata-lohed; caly: pr13hgtic... 1. D. St mu oniau 1. L'JHVCS {3:1tj.r'3 OT 1mdllbte; cuer.’: t‘llblllr O o o o o o o o o o o o O 2 1. Dqt1r' Jtra :onium 1. (old nTLe for this 3 00195). 25311“: -_,..tu1' 1.. J1 son- :33 . 1101narp19. Annual. ht: rali7e1 f:cu.t1e trogic-- gLsta glqces. CCL.0L in love: geninsulg. June - L cixens ex u:ixed: Earrien 30- (H. 1. J1r - Q. Iayoon, 1901}; Clebogiu- Jo. (J- T . #111333, 193g); GTLtiot Co. (C. 1 9) Icut do. (3. u. :;11~ss, :83); L100 9 3L. \J. Cooley, 18é&,; Lus1310n Co. (C. D Cthul, 1901); Cttuwa “o. (3. h. L-uff— ‘ ( . he Hodge, 139:); na 111W VC. ( . .11:.Jl..;.11L . 3 600 {Co 45- ui.‘-‘3<.‘lf:l". lg). RQfUrth from: Allan;n C: “ ; (u. u. keyOUn, lugs) ‘3133 Jo. (£11nk \J »“é); Ulinton Co- _ O 101 D:s, L. j. d., 19.-); C1l;oun 30. (v- u. LCr1, 1. (L. a. :;15015, lHLC);*Lato- Co. \J- u- .0911], 1919); lLyner CC- (oo 48- LTD-t- Elf-COIL, 1'93); ALAJLJ'Q‘CJV a: - (_... U _JrJ .1015, JILLNI , L11 luni Co. (H. 1. -:Ct' rio., 179-}; ”a .111: Va. {-. 1. ‘0013, L. 1. L. 1131,, ’Jhi1 -3033 do. (-oTcst LC 3:; _. Y. 4-, 152;}; 1&20011 G:. 1‘30 I o C5292}, 1931‘ o .. £40 --. _a~. -.... 1);: t \ \.L J‘ V" s 1.5 _L lu‘jtgl l' 1.! .. 1 _L‘o-lkm-L. L July — age01 3A a: h a $- - Q 4’ .‘ T". — '3‘. I '- \ \u..’. ’3‘- V . 1. U _ - ~..~AI. ’1‘" a. . I \ . w . _.J. d O 1 ‘v 31“ ._ A; 1:. c fur .--: s :57 913:), :T;le. +- y. ' ~ .' . . 9.40310--. -Lw -.1'J.Cg,.o mg. ”ptK ,., 4.. l J ~Ig,‘-.).. ‘ILJ I bk.‘ I \H0 UL). (-1. “a J LIJLLIJLJ l- q" \‘-O-.;~1v K’U‘.L U... u' I. S Lutzcoc. aJ. 0". L ’ 'v 1 . 2.: ., . . -‘-LJJA U-_“LL4IL.\ ‘_ .. "r,.\ aLxfil‘tl. -/‘ try/0 “a"! ROOM. USE ONLY. ”'TI’H'I‘I’IQI’ILEMMlitflmjl'tflimiflfflflmfl“