A STUDY OF CERTAIN FACTORS m HOME MANAGEMENT RELATING TO THE PRESENCE OF CHi-LDREN 1N THE FAMiLY Thesis fm the Degree of M. A. MICHKSAN STATE COLLEGE Marqmia L 12".3221". :1’ :94? 31293 10474 5223 \ v "'ittjffifviéfivgh. , ' '! I‘..4 M-795 This is to certifg that the thesis entitled A Ftuh? of Cert’in Prefer? 4“ V0": ”ewrr0n= t Printiné +0 th ?rrseicc 07 Viierrn I L .47“ {‘l‘r: j‘r;‘wi]~vr l I presented bg .__\ .4, "v;I‘/'v']1+'8 L. 1117 fir‘ has been accepted towards fulfillment of the requirements for . I: m . ' r .\ ,_ , ,. _LL£;1 __degree In.“ ‘- , (' 3 “4‘ ~ __3‘1(M-a~— 4B1%m Major pro ssor A $1131! 01' OBTAIN FACTORS IN HOB MANAGEMENT RELATING TO ml PRESENCE 01' 031me IN THE EMILY by MARQDITA L. IRE-LAND A THESIS admitted to the Grams.“ School of lichigan State College of Agriculture and Applied Science in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the dope. of mm 01' ARTS Mutant of Home Hungarian: and 03110. Develop-ant ' 1947 11%; £813 ACKNOWLENMENT he author wishes to take this opportunity to express her gradation to 1r. In. H. Green for her interest. help- ful Ingenious, and apex-vision in this study. ‘41“h' /. " {‘I.‘ 1’9." ‘ ~" JIL- a) A\/' .-" ‘0’ L) 1,) Imomcston TABIE O!‘ COWTB mp0...ooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooOoooooosoooooooooooooooo Gonorsl Intonation About: tho Origins]. Study. unplug and mastions Ussd for his mosis................... ”w or th. Litc‘mr..00000000000OOOOOOOOOOOOOO...00.0.0... nmms L “n.n1fixing...OCOOOOOOOOOIOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO B. mwt ‘f O‘Nn rumr........OOOOOOOOOOOO0.0.00.0000... I. II. III. mm‘ic L".1000...OO...00......OOOOOOOOOOOOOOQOOOQ Toy purshssos..................................... mrsbility of toys................................ hitobility of household furnishings. . . ........... Purchasing of radio; uttisl.................... Isthods and to prevent tho misuse of toys........ 11.. ”an‘ on child arOOOOO...OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO. n..1d.n°.00.0COOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO0.... Toy promsos..................................... mobility of toys................................ inability of household furnishings.............. Purchasing of retain; ntorinl.................... Hothods nsod. to prevent tho ninso of toys........ 11.. mu‘ on dild ar.0000000000000000.0.0.0000. Pumtd m‘timOOOOOOOOOQOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO0.0 1'0, ww...000000000000000OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO0000. mobility of toy»............................... walnut: of honsshola furnishings. . . . . . . . . . . .. . Pugs 09M!” 16 17 17 17 19 19 3&3 86888855233383 Purchasing of reading aatorial..................... Methods need to prevent the misuse of toys......... fine spent on child care..'......................... IV. Hone Economics....................................... Toy purchases...................................... Durability of toys................................. aitability of household furnishings............... Purchasing of reading naterial..................... lethods need to prevent the nienso of toys......... Tile spent on child care........................... V. runny silo.......................................... Toy purchases.J.................................... Mobility of toys................................. mitability of household mmishings............... Purchasing of reading material..................... Methods need to prevent the nisnse of toys....... .. time spent on daild oare........................... IJIIARY......................................................'........ COKMSION........................................................... BIEIMOOOOOOOOOOOOOOC0.0...OOOOOOOOOOCOOOOOCOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO ”mmLQQOOOOOOOOOOO000.......COOOOOOCOOOOO...OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO page 47 47 52 52 52 54 54 57 57 63 63 65 65 74 79 82 A. O. The 1. 11. 12. 13. 14. he 15. it. 17. 18. 19. 20. LI 8‘! OF TABLES factor of econoaic level. Icypurchases............................................... nirabiliv of toys.......................................... Household hrnishings....................................... leadingnaterial............................................ lethods need to provnt the niaise of toys.................. i'etal tine spent on child care.............................. fine ment by feaily aubus on child care.................. factor or residence. i'oy purchases............................................... nix-ability of toys.......................................... Household hrnishinge....................................... Reading nata'ial............................................ Methods need to prevent the nisnse of toye.................. Total tine spent on child care.............................. i'ino spent by fanily neabers on child caro.................. factor of parental education. Toy purchases............................................... narability of toys.......................................... household furnishings...................................... Beadingaateria1............................................ lethode need to prevent the liaise of toys.................. total tine spent on child care.............................. fine spent by faaily unborn on child care.................. Past 18 23 8 $3838 ‘3} 8688833 Page D. be factor of Ions Economics training. 22. Toypnrchases.,............................................ 53 as. mrability of toys... 65 24. Household furnishings...................................... 56 25. Reading aaterial................'........................... 58 26. lemeds need to prumt the nines of toye................. 59 27. total tine spent on child care... 60 28. fine spent by feaily naebers on child care................. 62 I. he factor of fanily siee. 29. Toy purchases.............................................. 64 so. thrability of toys.... se 31. loneeheld i'nrnishings 67 82. Reading atrial...”...................................... 69 83. itethode need to prevmt the nisnse of toys................ 70 34. Total time spent on child care............................. 71 as. Tine ment by faaily naebers on child care................. ‘73 TABLES IN mmmx Page 1 A. fetal toy purchases by age level.............................. 83 2A. ligaest toypurchases......................................... 84 3 A. Ocmrmco of toy purchases by econonic levels................ 85 O to 5years............................................. 85 5 to 16 years............................................ 89 4A. Occurrence of toy purchases by residence groups............... 93 O to 5 years............................................. 93 5 to 16 years".......................................... 97 5 A. Occurrence of toy purchases by parental education grown”... 101 0 to 5 years............................................. 101 5 to 16 years............................................ 105 5 A. Occurrence of toy purchases by Hone Economics trained group... 109 O to 5 years............................................. 109 5 to 16 years............................................ 113 7 A. Occurrence of toy purchases by family eise groupe............. 117 O to 5 yoare............................................. ll? 5 to 16 years............................................ 121 8 A. Purchasing of household furnishings according to economic level 125 O to 5yeare............................................. 125 5 to 16 years............................................ 125 9 A. Purchasing of household furnishings according to residence youpl.....oo.o......o.o...o.....o...o..o..................... 126 10 A. Purchasing of household furnishings according to parental .mc‘t1m000000000000.0.OOOOOOOOOCOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO 127 11 A. Purchasing of honedrold furnishings in relation to Home ”no.1C. mimDGQO.QOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOCOOCOOOOOOO 128 12 A. 13 A. 14 A. 15 A. 16 A. 17‘. Purchasing of household fumishi age by family sise groups...” lagaeine purchases according to economic level. . . .. . . ... . ... . . lagasine purchases according to residence groups. . . . . . . . . . . . . . ”sine purchases according to years of parental education.. . marine purchases according to the Iothor'e Hone Economics ‘niunSOOO......OCOOOOOOOOOCOOOOOO......OOOOOOOO0.0.0.0000... Nannies purchases according to family sine................... Page 129 180 131 1:52 133 134 PUEPOSI Conscious hone nanagenent and its effect on the fanily has long been a topic of discussion. he nanagenent. Penily life. and mild Develop-ant educators have often concerned themselves with the factors of fanily sine and the age of the children in their relation to the actual Ianagaent practices of the honeaaker. he purpose of this study is to determine the relationship of eoononic level. residence. parental edication (including the Home loononice training of the tether). and fanily sise to five specific itens relating to mild Develop-ant: (l) toy purchases. (2) purchas- ing of household furnishings. (a) reading laterill bandit for children. (s) the nethod need to prevent the liaise of toys and furnishings, and (5) the anonnt of tine spent on child care and training by the fanily labors. The statistics analysed in this study are a part of the naterial collected by Evelyn honor of lichigan State College under the direction of k. Irma Gross, head of the departnat of Bone Ianagenent and Child Developnent. om remnant CGCENIHG EB CBIGINAI. 8101!! be purpose of the study 'hnagenent in Iichigan Honee'I was to de- tee-nine ehat factors in the hone influenced the nanegenent, practices of that hone. It is generally eritten and accepted that fanily eise and the age of the children have a definite effect on the practices of homemaker-e: but what other factors play a part in the nanaguent of the household had yet to be deterninod. consideration and investigation were to be given the factors of eoononic level. place of residence, parental edication, hone looncnics training of the Iother, the husband's occupation, the homemaker'e incentives for conscious nenagenent. and the effect of labor saving devices. ihose and ether einilar topics were need as a basis for fleeing a echemle to be used in interviewing the honuakere. After a prel ininnry survey of research nethods. loading to the _ decision to nee the schedule and interview nothod. a schethlo was developed. One person did all the interviewing. his interviews were begun in the ' fall of 1939 and conpleted at the end of 190.. be sampling for this magenent study one taken fron seven Iichigan counties, Iononinee in the Upper Poninmla, Bennie. Oharlevoix. tginae. aiaeasseo. Kent. and Berrien in the Low: Peninsula. nae eligibility require-outs and five basic controls were set up to establish the esnpling. boy were: 1. Only fanilios of the white race. 2. Panilies who were independent financially. 3. lo broken fanilies. 4. Paniliee established for at least one year. Pennies whose nonbre were living together as a group. Households which included only one fanily. l'anilies in which the homemaker's diief occupation was honenting. Panilies keeping rooners and boarders providing the nunber was three or fewer. Baa ic Controls: 1. 3s Connity. Fifty per cent fern families. villages under 1,000 population. (25 per cent). and villages with a popu- lation fr": 1.000 to 2,500 (25 per out). then the data were analysed. they were put into two groups only. Both sised villages were analysed together. Icononic level. fliree economic levels: comfort. nedinn, and low. They were set np as follows: fern fanilies vii: annual nonq incae $760 or less in the low ocononic coup, farn families $750 to $1,750 annually the nedinn econonic level. and those exceeding $1,750 confort level. Village fanilies with incono to $1,000 on low level. nedinn $1,000 to $2,500 a year. and comfort level above $2.500 annually. Panily composition. Unbroken homes of three types: child- less fanilies. faniliee with one or two children, and families with nore than ten children. Age of children. hreo groups of approximately even sine: children under five years of age. children five to sixteen years of age. and children over sixteen. Ocapation of Head of Haneehold. hrners 50 per out, htroprenaire 5 per cent. Salaried persons. 3) per cent. and Wage hrnere. 25 pa' seat. A report of sone'of the findings from this study have been writtni in the liehigan State college Apioultnral hperinent Station Technical hlletin 195. 'ltanagenent in Hichigan Homes" by Dr. I. H. Gross and lies I. A. tweaer. In the area of accqtod managerial practices there eae noted a ride acceptance of the conservation of naterialst the study showed a need for reaching the lower eoononic youp before any action could be established on recomaded practices. he fanily nenagenent pattern was largely democratic — usually the husband and wife participated. here was however a need for including children in decisions concerning fuily nanagenent. Rising economic level apparently did not insure a rise in democratic methods. Iichigan homenakere in this study were definitely aware of the nany tangible and intangible aspects of nanagenent. Coneciously and un- consciously they spent their fanily resources to increase spiritual. aesthetic. and annuity life. i'eo SAMPLIHG AID WESTIONS USED rm THIS STUDY hundred and twentydeieo cases from the original study of 382 honos were used for this thesis. Of these. 112 were families with children fron birth to five years of age and 110 faniles with children five to six- teayears of age. ihe families were divided as follows: t : Pactore t children 0 - 5 years of ago 2 Children 5 - 16 years of ago i x : t Icononic t Confcrt lodiun Low 3 Comfort Hediun Low level i 35 44 53 t 36 :56 36 8 8 Residence : Pan Village : Para Village 8 5O 62 t 50 60 i 8 Parental : 8 yrs. 8.5-12 12.5-16 16 or t 8 yrs. 8.5—12 12.5-16 16 or edication : or less more x or loss acre 2 12 56 34 6 z 26 52 29 5 t i Panily : 1 2-3-4 5 or more 8 1 2-3-4 5 or more siso t 29 56 15 8 so 74 16 t i 4 he mentions froa tho schedule hid: were used as a basis for this suiw are listed below with the page nimber following to indicate the loca- tion of the «action in the ninoog'aphod schemle. 1. 2. "or composition of fanily - age and edioation (p.l). he tine spent on child care and training by the fanin neaba'e (13.5). Hone Icononics training of the nether (13.3). Icononic level (p.4). Residence (15.4) 1.1st of the last five toy purchases with an evaluation as to their durability by the honenakers (p.12). 7. Iothods used to prevent the nisuse of toys. (p. 12) 5. Furnishings bondit with mobility in nind if there are snall children in tho fanily. (p. 12) 9. lapsiao purdiases (Recorded on back page of schedule by intcviewer.) fhroudmit the tables and discussions a division of naterial has been nade according to the age level of the majority of children in the fanily. hose fanilies in which the nsJority of the children were five years of go or younger are considered in the birth to five year group. fanilies in which the naJoriv of children were over five years of age were classed in the upper level group of five to sixteen years. A fanily night however have a child in the age group in which it was not classified. “this fact accounts for what night otherwise be a questionable pnrdiase, for mle, a rattle by a fanily classified in the five to sixteen group. In order to facilitate a greater use of the editorial in a nore readable fora may of the tables to follow are based on a frequency index. his index was deterninod by dividing the total nunba' of purchases (whether it was toys. farnidiings. or reading -terial) by the nunber of cases con- ca'ned with that particular problen. An index of 1.00 therefore would indicate one purchase per fanily. An index of less than 1.00 shows the purchase of fewer than one article pa fanily while an index above 1.00 indicates the purchase of nore than one article by the fanilies interviewed. Ehe section on dirability of the toys purchased needs explanation only on the point of the deternination of durability. ihe honemkers when asked their last five toy purchases were also asked to evaluate the thra- bility of each as to its being stnrw or fragile. ihere is therefore no assurance that toys rated sturdy by one honenaker would have been classi- fied the sons by another honenaher. 7 It will be well to bear in nind in using the tables on the tine spent on child care that the nunber of hours was estinated by the bone- naker. more is roon for question as to the exactness of her Judaent of the tine consuned in child care. training. and guidance by other fanily sabers. sum 01‘ 'EE LITEA‘NRE A general atrvey of the research and periodical literature avail- able which would relate to the topics included in this study brings little of significant value to the front. he Child Developnnit Abstracts for the last five years present no research naterial applicable to the problen. the Readers Guide. Educa- tion Index. and the indexes of papular nagasines show occasional literature of a popular nature hit the articles seldom have any statistical evidence behind thu. he anect of toy purchases has enjoyed the most popular appeal. Opinions on choice of toys are found in such nagasines as Ladies Hone Journal and Parents. itagasine. (a) hay purchases In the area of toy purchases nuchlae been written on- the toys which best perforn certain needs of the child. Hawin (14) has set up a list of good toys for the various age groups also pointing out the specific function in child growth diich each toy. or group of toys, will develop. lies anin classifies the toy functions into sidit groups: strength and drill. con- stmctive or creative play. drenatic or initative play. social developnent. artistic developnent. knowledge toys. science or nechanicel. and hobbies. iho Iarrill-Palnsr school (23) has reconnended a list of toys for special age groups deich would serve as an aid in the purchasing of childrens toys. rehash (16) ranked in order of preference the piss activities liked best by boys and girls below the third grade level. bong the boys the first six choices in order of preference were: pinyin widi balls. blocks. and wagons. playing house. riding a horse. playing hide and seek: reading was last in the group of twenty-five activities. In the girls' first six choices was: playing house. dolls. school. hide and seek. tag. and play- ing with balls. Per this group reading was eighteenth out of twenty-five. In a sinilar stnw done by Lehenn of a gifted group of boys and girls the best liked activity was reading books. he [asters thesis written by Carrie chain of Iichigan State College (22) presented the views of a youp of Lansing (Hichigan) mothers concerning care for the Preschool child in the home and their attitudes toward Nursery schools. lies McLain found the most papuler children’s toys. as reported by the Itothsrs. to be those concerned with motor activity such as wagons. tricyclos. and sleds. Housekeeping toys and dolls rated second. be above anther found a lack of interest on the part of the liothsrs interviewed in toys for 'building and making things.“ As apparnit disinterest was shown in the provision of social opportunities. toys. and aesthetic nateriels 31 table for children. Pew of the Iothers were con- scieus of the child's needs for nipsrvised play. Acccding to Garrison (9) toys are the tools of play. the nateriels by which a child learns. to this author plq naterials are: niniature repro- ductions of adilt life obJects. skill toys. toys for the creation of useful and bemtiful objects. or aesthetic. artistic or literary. the best play nateriels for a child should (1) stimlato self-activity. (2) reach the child at his own level of developnont. (3) be good looking. (4) be of good worknanehip. (5) sanitary. and (5) be chosen for both cooperative and self play. Louise Honor (15) has found that the best toys help to tend per- sonality. develop good habits such as self-reliance and taste. and also give pleasure. Good toys have several points in common. nq are always the ridit size for the child. teach rhythn and coordination. are safe. and 10 lastly are wisely selected considering the childs interests and abilities. Arlitt (3) writes in agreement with other mithors that a child's toys net be chosen for dirability rather than detailed perfection since thq nust withstand a variety of conditions in everyday play. Catherine Landroth, in her book. IIltdncation of the Young Child” (17). aphasises the need for a variety of motor activities. therefore she recommends toy purchases whidi would lead to such activities as running, Judping. pushing. hitting, hamaring. etc. me also states that if a young childs skill development is to follow a pattern of progressive develop-at the equipment furnished him met challenge him to yadual increase of mscular action and coordination. Garrison and Sheehy (10) in discussing toy selection indicate the value of toys having to do widi housekeeping activities. Such equipment provides both play and practical interest for the child. unberte' |'lchool's Oit" (16) shows the value of toys for dramatic play in stating that this type of play is as important a part of the childs development as is physical play. To Lambert dolls are of great significance as they help children dramatise their on personal situations. Apparmtly there has been sufficient interest on the part of both educators and parents in the area of toy purchases to have brought about some research in the field. 'fhe above mentioned anthers are in general ayeenont that toys serve a vital function in a childs life and should be wisely selected to fulfill the childs needs and interests. (b) Purchasing of Household furnishings 'Ihe purchasing of household furnishings is related to the children in the family. If furniture is to withstand the varied uses it is put to in 11 a day of child's play consideration must be given to its durability. The Ihite House Committee on furnishings and Equipment (28) stated that if a child is permitted to help pick out the furniture it createspin that child a sales of both personal and family pride. Equipment should be selected fa- dnrability. attractiveness. comfort. and convenience -- the best quality that you can afford. (c) Purchasing of reading materials Children should be encouraged to value books and to care for than. Those provided in a child‘s library should be choosen for a definite purpose. he hits House Comittee (28) stated in a study of childrens books that they should be sturdy and written about things with vhigil the child is familiar. Inoqionsive books fill a temporary need. Lindquist (20) reports dist family books and magazines are often useful to the child who is learning to read. It is recon-mended by Arlitt (a) that good children's books should contain no mesons pictures or stories which will make the child afraid. lhey should be simple stories of everyday life. seedspeed and Johnson (11) find that picture books made with heavy cardboard pages are more easily manipulated by a child's tiny fingers than are cloth pages. Clara Laebort (16) recommends providing children with some of the fine Juvenile literature produced today along with the classics. Such popu- lar material should have pod print. artistic illustrations. and suitable content. Books provide not only a walth of factual eaterial on a great variety of mibJects but also stories with historic or present-day settings. Garrison and Sheehy (10) provide in their book a list of book selections classified as to type of subject matter. According to this test the childs interests in stories can also be met by words of songs. nursery 12 rhymes. personal experience stories told to him. and picture books which pro- vide the basis for story telling. Books have their place in the childs ex- perience but they never take the place of the told story. It is the responsi- bility of parents to see that the childs library grows: that good books are provided. and tint responsibility for the care of books is learned at an early age. Books. according to Landreth (17). open a new world for the child: thq enrich his experiences. increase and unify his knowledge. deve10p humor, iaagination. and sympathy, offering experiences which life itself could not provide. Book construction is of the upmost importance if they are to serve the childs needs. Investigation and general observation. states lies Landreth, indicate that books greater than eight inches square are not easily handled. hill-surfaced. tough paper. either saddled sewn or stapled together is most practical for free handling. A washable cover also adds to the life and en- Joynent of the book. Alschular (1) writing on the general type of books for the pro-school child lists for the two and three year old stories about themselves in a lilple literary style: for the older three and early four year olds stories about babies. moving things such as cars and trains. or books about animals. Older four year olds have nore objective interests. they enjoy watching men doing things therefore information stories are valuable for this age child. Dorothy Baruch (4) stated four criteria usable in the selection of books for children: (1) [ill the story interest the child? (2) Is the story understandable? (3) that effect will the story have? (4) Does the story have literary value? Certainly careful consideration of these criteria would eliminate the use of 13 may of the worthless childrens books which have in recent years flooded the book market and provide children with good books. be reading material purchased for a childs use should be given con- siderable thougit. not Just bought by name or looking to see whether or not the picmres are colored. a child needs good books. Some for stories of simple everyday life, some of the classics. an occasional picture book to encourage story telling. and many books of varied subject utter to introduce new and unusual ex- periences in the childs life. (d) Methods used to prevent misuse of toys and furnishings Lindquist (3)) in her studies of Home Management has found that the provision of a place for everything is the first step in teaching orderliness to a child. Respect for the property of others is learned from the ownership of a limited number of cherished articles which are kept by the child. Gertrude Chittenden (6) writes that family happiness and safety will be much better if a child has a place for his toys which is conveniently reached and spacious enough so that the toys are put into it easily. They must of course be taugit to put them away in the space provided by themselves. Goodspeed and Johnson (11) suggest a low cupboard, box. shelf. or corner of a room be given to the child for his belongings. He should be taught u put away anything he takes out. Patient help from the parents is needed for this training. lhile a child is learning to care for his own belongings he will also learn to respect the toys of other children. (s) Amount of time spent on child care and training by fanily members Ruth Lindquist (21) in her studies of Family Life found fliat about 14 four and one-half hours per day were spent in care of family members which would include: dressing and bathing children. teaching. and supervision. Lindquist (21) also found that the care of younger children was often given to older broth ers and sisters. particularly if there were three or more chiler in the family. his fathers also contributed some time to child care. be white House Conference shun (28) showed that in homes of higher social status the father spent more time in playing with the children than was found in lower economic level homes. rm: in the book “Economic Problems of the Family" (15) reporting the time spent on various Renewing activities found that the average time per week spent on child care for fans families was 4.6 hours while town families spent 8.0 hours. The above figures were based on unpublished data from the U. 8. hrsan of Home Economics. lickell and Dorsey in charting the Homemakers work week credit farm homemaksrs with spending 3 hours and 55 minutes on child care while other rural homes‘ers spend 4 hours and 43 minutes. In the case of farm families the time we found to be 8 percent of the working week spent on child care. In a study of the effect of family composition on child care the following figires were obtained (24): Composition of Family Hours per week for Child Care Youngest child under 1 year 21 Youngest l - 2 years 10.5 Youngest 3 - 5 years 5.8 Youngest d - 9 years 3.5 Youngest lO - 14 years 1.5 mess figures are also based on unpublished material from the U. 8. Bureau. of Home Econom ice. 15 Josh lemon (2?) in her study of the use of time in relation to home flanagemsnt found that the average amount of time used during the week for care of family mnbers amounted to twelve hours. is the age of the youngest family maber increased the time spent on child care decreased. Evidence indicated that families with more than one child spent about the same amount of time in child care as did families with one child. less time must therefore be spent for each child. lies Warren's interpretation of this is that in all probability in cases where there is more than one child the older children helped with the care of the younger ones and that this time was not estimated by the home- makers. 16 GENERAL F! NDI NGS he statistics collected for this thesis, involving the relation of certain factors in Home Management to the presence of children in the family. present certain factors of general significance. In the area of toy purchases three clossifications (according to Kevin) rated high. base were: a. Strength and skill - 266 purchases. b. h‘amatic and imitative - 233 purchases. c. Social development - 207 purchases. The other classifications showed a mich lower incidence of purchase. floor covering leads the list of purciases of household equipment made with thrability in mind because of the presence of children in the family. ibis was followed by chairs and thirdly davenport purchases. he section on reading material indicates a wider use of books than magazines regardless of any of the management factors studied. An overwhelming majority of the families interviewed use the pro- vision of a storage space for toys not in use as the most effective w of preventing the misuse of toys and furnishings. a review of the material on time spat by family members on child care shows in all instances the mother contrihiting the greatest number of hours toward child care. training. and guidance. 17 A. THE rim OF ECONOMIC LEVEL w means of a schedule. used in interviews with homemakers. an attapt was made to determine what relationship exists between certain factors involved in Home Management and the presence of children in the home. his relationship of economic level of the family to toy purchases. durability of toys. purchases of household furnishings. purchasing of read- ing material. methods used to prevent the misuse of toys. total time spent on child care. and the time spent on child care by individual family members will be considered in this section. Classification of iby Purchases: this classification of toy purchases according to the type of develop- lent which thq affect shows striking similarity for all economic levelsu). Low level families for both age groups showed their highest purchases to be dralatic and imitative toys followed by social and strength or skill toys. Most frequent purchases for medium and comfort level families. regardless of age coups. were strength and skill toys followed by dramatic or imitative and social toys. See Table I. l'amilies with children five to sixteen years of age recorded a rise in frequency of total toy purchases with a rise in economic level (3.46 - 3.62 - 4.25). Families with young children did not. 'ihe only single classi- fication which followed a similar pattern was the frequency of purchases for constructive and creative toys. In the age coup birth to five years comfort level families had the higiest total frequency of toy purchases (4.33) followed by low level with a 4.14 and lastly medium level families (3.76). A rise in economic level brought (1) See Iawin classification on page 8. 18 HeBH ouncnoom nus no 930» main 8.8.56 seven 353mm! .3 no 28» o6 fihuflo cocoons «nu-mode»: no can we.» nmJ mod N 3...» H #04 34 H mad . 3.... H 3338C 38.. H H m m H H H H a a u a a a a . mo. . no. a no. u no. . mo. . no. “ mo. .. caucuses.- cne 00:38 mm. en. mm. M an. M mo. N no. H 3. . no. emceuacex ocean-«am ma. m 3. W 00. m 3. H 8. a no. . «o. H «a. M 333.3 K. m ma. H mm. n mm. H moJ M mo...“ a mo; N no...” H 738 um. . mo; ” ma. . 8.“ H mass H mm..." M ow. M me...“ “ e593“: 33 agenda 9. m mm. H 3. . mm. . 3.. M an. m 9. M an. H epuasouo use erfiegonoo mm:— m an.” H d..." H on. m 34 H 84 H on; m 004 “ H.23- ums 593.3» M a M H m ”3: Inasmmdmmllll yuan” H H . a .wfixsn Ba no EA 22983 E: Ba .8 aha HE on $8684 328qu naming Se no use: Banana .H mama . 19 a rise in the frequency of parchase for straigth and skill. constructive or creative. and science and mechanics toys. Social toys were purchased at the same frequmcy (1.09) by both low and medium level families with approximate- ly the same for comfort level (1.08). he only case in which no purchases were recorded was the science and mechanics group on low level for birth to five year olds. Dirability of Toys Purchased: 'me durability of toys purchased by families with children in both age level groups showed an increased percentage of sturdy purchases with a rise in economic level. Families on medium level showed a variation of approximately 6 percent (53.6 percent sturdy and 46.3 percent fragile) for older children: in the younger age group the purchases were evenly divided. Comfort level families bought about 10 percent more sturdy than fragile toys for younger chiler and in the five to sixteen year group there was a 25 percent variation in favor of sturdy toys. he total toy purchases for the birth to five year old children recorded 50.9 percent purchase of fragile toys against 49.1 per cent for aura: practically no variation. For families with children five to six- teen years of age there was a variation in purchase of 16 percent in favor of sturu toys. his is a significant difference. See Table II. Purchases of Household I'urnishings: The small number of household furnishings which were purchased with a view to the needs of children indicates a general lack of awareness of the need for durability becmse of the presence of children in the family as a factor in buying. In both age level groups the higiest frequency purchase of dirable furnishings was reported by comfort level families (.62 for families with . n u u a . n . a a u « ooa a adv a adv “ or." a aim “ new a 00.2 09 a ado . mum . .19. . can " uneven. . . . . . n a . . a a a n a a a n a . a . a . u a a n n a . a . u a a n a a 053.: a a a a . u a . . a a a a a a a a a a a . . a u a a a . n . . a a u a u a . . n 0.09 . n3 a vi...» a no a ad» a no." a mean u «.2 u add. a o... a min a we . mm .3 :3an u a . a a . u a a u a a a o...“ a on." a «.3 . on u 0.3 u 8 . o6» « can a 0.9. a an « u.oo a on a on 3% Image: a a a a a a n a . . a a u ”.8 a mm." a 0.3 . no u ‘9 a .8 . v.3 . was “ m6» . 2. a was. a or. a on an» use a n u a n u a a a a . . u wceoeemneefimnawneouem“Baum-”352;: “oneouemaaemumuzneeue rue » means «no . 3:: deuce ” eaumsuh » .33 a 38 a gamma.“ ” “.83 a .33 ch 0 a» H 9:: . e o .92; a a. . Mo case 31... 35.38 a no and.» etc see—.55 « Hebe.” oaaonoon E a A: n .nflndmombh whoa ho .thflnndma E on Hugh n5. ho g...— DHSOIOOH ho haonfldfim Huh .HH Qua 21 younger children and .42 for the youp with older children.) families with children five to sixteen years of age showed an increase in frequency of purchases. with consideration to durability. with a rise in economic level. the above is not true for families with children birth to five years of age. iiedium level families report the least awareness of durability with a fre- quency of purchase of .33. mm was followed by low level families (.42) and lastly comfort level families. See Table III. Selection of the floor covering rated highest in both age groups. Families with younger children indicated the use of linoleum rugs while families with older age level children mentioned only the rug with no expla- nation as to kind. Choice of the davenport ranked second with the older group while families with small children rated second in consideration the purchase of chairs. Bee appendix page Purchasing of reading material: In all cases. except comfort level families with children five to sixteen years of age. there was reported a higier frequency of book purchases than magazines. 'ihe total frequency of purchase rose with economic level for families with older children (.17 low. .38 medium. and .45 comfort). This appears a decisive variation although the total number of purchases reported was small. Families with children birth to five years of age did not show consistent variation in purchases (.89 medium. .35 comfort. .26 low). The frequency of book purchases increased with economic level for the younger group but the differences were slight (.42, .47, .51). See Table IV. “Boys Life" was the most frequently mentioned magazine for older children. Comfort level families reported six of their twenty-five purchases 22 TABLE III. I!!! RELATIONSHIP OF ECONOMIC LEVEL 01' THE IANILI TO 'IHE PURCHASING OF HOJSHIOLD FURNISHINGS SIITABLE PCB CHIme. 8 8 loomoaic Level 8 Children 9-5_years of age 8 mildren 5-l6jears of ea 8 No. of 8 fie. of 8 8 No. of 8 No. of 8 Cases 8 Purchases 8 Frequency 8 Cases 8 Purchases 8 Frequency 8 8 8 8 8 8 Low 8 33 8 14 8 .42 8 36 8 10 8 .28 8 8 8 8 8 8 Hedium 8 44 8 17 8 .38 8 36 8 14 8 .39 . 8 8 8 8 8 8 Comfort 8 35 8 22 8 .62 8 38 8 l6 8 .42 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 Totals 8 112 8 53 8 . 47 8 110 8 40 8 . 36 8 8 8 8 8 8 23 “ u a a a a a a a a a . a a a an. «we . 9.. an» . mm. “on u an. “an a an. new a mm. «am an. “on ” mm. “3 . a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a . a a u a . a a a . a a . a . a a a a a a a a . a a a u a .8. 3n u 3. 5m ” mm... 3 a no. 2 a 3. “.2 2 ea. 5 mo. 3 a mo. am a a a a a . . a a a . a a . a 2 av. 3v ” mm. .3 a 3. ”mm a an. “NH ” be. “an a 3. 6H .5. SN 2 9.. 3a.. a . . a a a a a a a a n a “ Nonesuch. .chonomuenh“ .ozuhonemwean a .ozanonogeah. .onawdnomuemha .cENocesvemh” 655033092 .8: Canaan“ .02. an eon” sauces. Away emu .Iiamwaa as» a u .dngfiz @2545.” .m0 oznmdmombm E 2. EH 0:20.88 Mdzsn ho mammzogdnflm .PH :3 a new. cameo: . no .neo nae nonsense a mason. sesame». axe. ”dauoada “mae- 24 to be the above magazine. “Jack and Jill' was reported purchased three times out of five on confort level in the younger group. Two encyclopedias were purchased by families in the younger age group. one each on medium and comfort level. In {the five to sixteen year group one comfort level family reported the purchase on an encyclopedia. See appendix P36. Methods Used to Prevent Misuse of Toys: Providng a storage space for toys when they are not in use was the most frequently mentioned method for the prevention of the misuse of toys re- gardless of economic level. Low and medium level families with younger children reported their second choice of method the taking of toys away from the child when they were not being used correctly. Comfort level families listed as their second choice showing a child how to play with the toy. Families with children five to sixteen years of age on low economic level reported the same second choice as the younger group. Hedium and com- fort level families use the wise choice of toys which can be freely used by the child as their second most papular method. See I"able V. Total Time Spent on Child Care: The average time per day spent on child care for all economic levels with children in the birth to five year age group was 6.35 hours: the average for the five to sixteen year goup was considerably lower at 3. 47 hours. See Table '1. In the younger age group a rise in economic level brought a rise in the amount of time spent on child care beginning at 5.71 hours for low level families. increasing to 6.49 hours on medium level. and 6. 82 hours for comfort 1.7910 co” «Ed a . a ‘1 E? 5! “”00””””“““”““““”” min 0 H D O 0 8-8 ... 05 e '0 05 u u u u u a u u a u u u a u a a a u 00.... a do u .0 ......” l3 0 H G e 8-! eoeeeeeeeeeee-eOOeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee H § :8 0 ohm 83 0.0H 80 e '8 eeuoeeoeeeesoeeeoeoeeeoeuoeeeoeoeeeeeoo unueeoouuuoeueooeoeoooeeeeooeoeoeoe to J N u « OOH “on N .2. " 53 ”“””~“““”~”“”~“”~~~“~ b e N D e D N m .0." ~”~“OO“““~“OO“~”““” 8H moan .— on." com." o .2“ a a ”mad a “”000...“ I0 05 83 u u u a u a u a u a u u u u u u u a “00”“M““”“~“~” OOH “Ho a a con 33 a . a fine 3» . e .0e i3 0 H eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeoeeeeeeeeeeeeeoeeeeeuu a . F me n .0." N J .... «.mm D ... O O H e 8: o .64. meeeoeeeooeeeeeeeeeeoeoeeeeeeeeeeeeaeeoaee ......oeeuueeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee “....”“”~...O“”OOOO.. ages 53 .... 33 “~“”“““““”“””OO”““” end a“ you mean :3 «on scene awake». e ed «beam 58' 3% «are .5 .3 .3 Inch" mean on men means .53 encode a .NH he» e5 flue hand. 3 men dunno be.” 03 ed“ a canon. on .e on “wagon no. .a cameo ”none has: no» ones u n O 8-! e 0 it eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeooooeeeeeeeeoeeeeeoe 0 caeouema .ozzeeeeem“ .3: 33.3% Kitties}: .3: 280.8% .3: «‘93.: .en. aaeeeem. .3: unease“: .oE “DH: QBADQ anon-co. “MM? 35.30:. Hebe.“ oumonoon asE.E§L. E. 8...... [ewe no andeflh main 8.3.36 . E. Hope canon—eon a , hfls no .3336 a . avenue: whoa ho “may egg On. numb neg fins on ER 0902003 B mummzbuedflm ”a .> Manda 26 { .93 .5 .n u «OH H: n 362. u ~ 3.3» u .93 3.0 . “ 3.309 a n u a u u u u “ . . u . u u BM “ m3!” ” . u u g . . ~ ~ “ u . . u u u ...E 3.» n ma “ omdma « .93 mwé . in ” oo.mwm . on u 9... 3828 u u u . u . u u u . . ~ » u u u .93 mm...» “ v» . madam “ .93 96 u 3 ” 9.69m. “ on . 3 u 330: a u . ~ ~ . u . ~ . u u u u u ...E S.» u 3 u nae: » .93 :6 n 8 . 8.3” u on . an n 8n . . . . u n u n . . ~ . . u . 391059303:- mo.o§n.-§D :3 H309” n5 ” m3 “ I... o no .83 one dob—"Bo ” echo.” 3333a A: . “ “So Adamo 20 E 8:9 H4909 Ema 08 g OHEOZOOR ho MHEonadfim Ha. .H> Inns“. 27 ‘lhe age group five to sixteen years did not show as great variation in the number of hours. nor did an increase in economic level carry with it an increased amount of time consumed in child care. Families on medium economic level spent a greater mmber of hours for child care, 3.59 hours per day per family. this was followed by 3.46 hours on comfort level and 3.37 hours fa' low level families. 'l'ime Spent On Child Care By Individual Family Members: Giving consideration to the time spent by the individual family members on chd care for families with children birth to five years we find that a rise in economic level indicates a rise in the number of hours spent by both mother and father. The time spent by Mothers is quite naturally highest averaging from £80 hours for low level families to £94 hours on comfort level. In this age group there was some indication of help from older siblings and maids on medium and comfort level. See ‘i'avle VII. Families with children five to sixteen years show the Nether spend- ing more time on child care at medium economic level (2.53 hours per day). followed by comfort and low levels. Fathers from low level families reported the most time (1.86 hours) followed by 1.13 for comfort and 1.08 hours for medium level families. Older siblings on all economic levels in this age group spend more time time the Fathers in child care. but the number of cases reported is not sufficient to give comparable results. There were no cases reported of assistance in child care. training. and guidance at the older age level by maids or smnt's and uncles. 28 ” a u a a a u ~64 ” we K06 ” o « «0.0 a 3 ” wwda. m . .9. a. u o. a cm a flavor h a u . a u . a a u . I u I a I a I . I a I ” am; » n h 04 u .n . I a I u 3m: » u a u u n a u a a a a I . I a I u I a I a I a I a I u I n I ” o.~ u N a canoe .3 234 a u u a . a u u a u u a 8; n m u 3; u n c on; e n e 8.» u n “ om.m h m n I u I ”$52: uoflo a a u a a u u u u h u . I a I h 8...." c m u I a I a and . .n n I n I h I a I » ameuemvmeuo . u u a . a a h a u u u mm.» ” 8 . 3.». u 3.. ” aflm , e» . 34 a e» . and c 3 . 84 c an c 853. . h a . . h a a a a u a 34 u v» a mo...“ “ on u mm.” a em ” end “ .B a on; a on ” em; ” on u ueflsh . u . . . u . h u . a a 0.2mm u uOuiWOIIu mhgm « 000B “ uthm ” woman » madam u 00900 n chasm u OOQGLP» chasm u 000.00 u Em tempo ” “£552.: " Ema 3H “ hE tomeop ” :3 58o: ” ER .6qu aebog vasomoom ” debeq ofiaomoom “ end he one; oaIm 3325 ” ewe no name.» nIo nee—ZED “enemas: “damn mam; Magda Mm ”undo 99:6 no .535 H22. Hodmmbd RE. 09 En oggBm ho AHEEEEN E .HH> Huge 29 B. THE FACTOR OF FAMILY RESIDENCE be following section shows the relationship of the location of family residence to the factors of toy purchases (including durability), purchases of household furnishings and reading material, methods used by families to prevent the mines of toys, and the time spent on child care. Classification of Toy Purchases: The total toy purchases in their relation to residence showed no striking variations. Total frequency of purchases for the birth to five year group was higiest for farm families at 4.26 followed by village fami- lies 3.91. In families with children five to sixteen years the opposite was true. althouga the variation (.21) was not significant. See Table VIII. rarm families in the lower age level group reported a higher fre- quency of purchase than village families for all classes of toys except science and mechanics and artistic. ramilies with children five to sixteen years reported a higher fre- quency of toy purchase by village families for all cases except social and constructive or creative. An explanation of these exceptions migit be the facilities provided by the school and community. nirability of Toys Purchased: he effect of residence on the durability of toys purchased showed only slight diffa'ences for families with children birth to five years of age. lore smrfl toys were rqurted purchased by farm families. Village families bought more fragile toys but the difference in percentage was slight (3.8 percent). 'Ihe total purchases for this age level showed a 50.9 percent purchase of fragile toys which was 1.8 percent hidzer than the sturdy toys purelnsed. 2..» H mm.» H S.» M «o... a S.» H 99.4 H 38.52. 33 H H H M M to. a mo. ” mo. a me. n no. a I u .033er can eons «om mm. m on. H mm. H 8. N no. N 3. M .3355. 338.3» 3. 3. H 8. M 8. . eo. m 3. m 3:32 k. . E. m 8. 84 . no; N I; . H38» 8. m 8. H 8. m 34 mo; m em; M 3:32: 2:. 235a 9.. M an. H 3. H 9.. . 9. m 9. H sesameao mad eeuoomhvemoo mm.” H mm; H 3; H 34 W 3.” H mm.“ H :3. 38 £323 85 3% H Seaman; H 83 E».— tlmlpmac were?” Emma” Rom and... m eomeu «new eomeu «new! em... as 28» a?» 8.626 H on. .3 93.» oIo 8.836 “eunuch: aaoaamaate no 25 . a a 5:: E .6 flozmnHMfim and Hon. ho HA3 MB 09 35.5004 nfinmmmiq—o mfimH figs. 42 Parental Education Most Frequent Class of Toys 8 years or less n'amatic or imitative 8.5 - 12 years Social 12.5 - 16 years Strength and skill 16.5 or more Social It is interesting to note that for both age level groups the fami- lies with eight years or less of emcation reported no purchase in the science and mechanics toy classification. 'i'op toy purchases for the two age levels were as follows: Parental “cation 0 - 5 years 5 - 16jears 8 or less Stuffed animals. cars. Dolls. balls trucks. tanks 8.5 - 12 non... wagon ‘ 12.11.. skates 12.5 - 16 mlls. play house hills. skates equipment 16.5 or more mlls. play house Bicycle equipment. blocks nirabiliw of Toys Purchased: The percentage of sturdy and fragile toy purchases showed only sliQt relation to the average years of parental echcation. Families with children birth to five years of age showed more fragile toys purchased by the first two edicational goups (61.7) percent fm' eigit years or less and 51.6 percent for 8.5 - 12 years). More sturcw toys were purchased by the other two educational groups (52.4 percent and 57.5 percent). There was an increase in sturdy toy purchases with a rise in years of education at this level. A higher percentage of fragile toys was purchased by families with eight years or less of schooling having children in the older age group. The two aiddle groups (8.5 - 12 and 12.5 - 16) showed more sturdy purchases. 43 Families in the class 16.5 years or more of education were divided equally on their toy purchases. See Table XVI. Purchases of Household furnishings: Families in the age group birth to five years indicated a definite rise in the purchasing of dirable household furnishings with a rise in the average years of parental education. The frequency of durable purchases varied froa .25 for the group with eight years or less of formal education to 1.62 for fanilies with an average of 16.5 or more years of school. In the older age level the distribution of purchases did not appear related to emcation. No cases were reported by the highest educationally trained group. Two groups (8 years or less and 12.5 - 16) were identical in the frequency reported and the high school level group was hidiest with a frequency of .48. See Table XVII. Purchasing of Reading Material: Total purchases for reading material showed a rise in frequency, by the five to sixteen year group. with a rise in years of education until the last group (including only three cases) thich had a definite drap. hr the families with children in the younger age group the highest frequency of pur- chase was recorded by the 8.5 - 12 year group followed by the 12.5 - 16 year group. and lastly the one frequency was reported by the remaining two groups. see Table XVIII. Book purchases for both age levels rose in frequency with education until the higiest groups which in both cases dropped back. Iagasine purchases showed no definite pattern of purchase. The bignest for the low age level coup was the 12.5 - 16 group and for the fanilies of five to sixteen year olds the higiest frequency was reported by the 16.5 or more level. . a a a a a a a a a a a a a 02 «ed. 3.... «man are “new. 03 “we... ode “New" 1% 3%” a a .38 a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a . a a a a a 0:“ mg a a a a a a a a a a a a a a m.» 2: a 0.8 2. a 0.8 2. a a.» an.» u add 3.." a «.5 ”on a .... a m a e>ope .8 on a a a a a a a a a a a a a a 0.5 $2. m.mm ”on a «.5 .2. a new "mm: are "mm . v.3 .3 a mm . en a 3 .. 3.3 a a a a a a a a a a a a a a” 0.5 Km: game now a «.35 and: ado. 33 a 0.3 «and ‘9 ”am: no a no . NH 3 a.» a a a a n a a a a a a . a “ me ”we. 13 are a ode “me a n.0H are a 5.3 ”mm a man “we a om . NH.” e33 no m a a a a a a a a a a a . a «893%. ch. Lessee «ME geochemik .62. passes“: 62.333“ .ozaaaeoeemawh» a ad» on. a «new? Qun'wmlla Leach a eds .mm a 393m “ m a 4 a amoeba 3:335) a shoe no 533.955 a eeeeo a ewe mo unseat... 3 I 0 5.8.56) . emw no ease» n .. o sea—.36 nauseous— 339cm . a mo ease» swans: A5 a “3 a a a aways." much .5 FHHHQE HE. OB HOHQQBH figam ho amzoadqflm E .2“ 6349 TABLE XVII. 'EE RELATIONSHIP m PARENTAL EDJCATION TO 13E PURCHASING 0F HOJSEOLD FUR- NISXINGS SUITABLE FOR CHILDREN 1 _'_ Average Years of 2 : Parental Educationtmildren 0-5 years of age :Chilth‘en 5-16 veers of age :No. of: No. of x :No. of: No. of : :Cases :PurdnaseszrrequencyWases :Purchases:!‘requency : z x z x : 8 or below 2 12 I 3 : .25 x 26 : 7 z .27 2 : : x : : 8.5 - 12 z 58 t 17 2 .29 : 52 2 25 : .48 : : : : : : 12.5 - 16 z 34 z 20 z .58 : 29 z 8 : .27 z x z z : x 16.5 or above : 8 z 13 : 1.62 : 3 z - : - 3 i : x z : : : : : : : Totals : 112 : 53 : .47 : 110 3 40 : .36 : : x : 2 : . u u . u . . u u u u n u 3 u . . u u ” Hp. “mm. ” no. « ¢ u 9. «on n ma. ”5N ” ma. “NH u be. u¢m “ moo “ n u m». ”em” 9'. .8 u mo. u a” EH32... u a u . » ... a u . u a u u “ u u u . u n n n n u n n . u . a a . . n u . u a . n l .5. 36 u 02: m... u no. ”NN u .....n. “m « HH. . n a OH. “H." ” NH. « H n #a. “a a so. at a 00. u H ” non—ands: . . . “ u a u 3 ~ “ . u . n . u a ” u » Ow. ”3“ an. n H u 00. ”n." u 9. ”Hm “ on. ...m u 3%. “an u on. ”d. u no. “0H“ 3‘. “mm” an. « d” 330m “ a u “ u u . . u a u u ” « u u u n a a honey? ”henna: “hogan": “mucosa” 285%: “Nodes? «None—.9” “honour“: ”~23me ”honos”: 3 nommulém.» :ouhuxiu negate”? magic»: negate»: couhioz» ..ofifiJZu nonhumvum” uouhuflemn Iodnhluémn 85 . E :2... Nail. .333: ............~:...... .2: . E :3... 9.2 . $3 . a: . 313m... . .3 33.3 H133 . m3 .. mam :33... 3 a. 3mm . .3 3.3.3 .. 3mm .1mm .. m.» :33» .3 a. oouuoodca HSaerm mo gonadal: “ deduced—on HepnoHom no which omouebd » 04%.. no undo» mm a m .093an . oWMauo node» n 0 o 38.8.38 23.3.3.0: $269M dug: anaafl ho gnmag HE on 83408“ gaudm ho hagnafl a .32 HHS 47 liethod Used to Prevent liisuse of Toys: For all educational groups the highest percentage of use for the methods listed in the prevention of the misuse of toys was the provision of storage mace for toys not in use. he percentage among older age level fanilies were mch aore decisive in favor of the above method than those in the birth to five year group. hailies with eidxt years or less of edication in the birth to five year group reported a more even distribution nong the four methods suggest- ed than was found in any other educational group. See Table XIX. Total Tine Spent on Child care: Parental edication is apparently not a specific factor. in this stuw. in influencing the total amount of time consumed daily by families for child care. he only similarity notedwas that the greatest aaount of time per day was spent by families in the highest echeational group. Of families with young children those with 8.5 - 12 years of education ranked lowest in the time spent on child care: secondly ms the 12.5 - 16 year group, and thirdly the families with eight years or less of education. 'Ihis indicates no relation between total time spent on child care and parental education. Older age level childrens families rated from low to high the following groups: 8 years or less, 12.5 - l6. and 8.5 - 12. This list follows more nearly diet you might emect. See Table xx. Time Spent on mild Care by Individial Family Members: Relating parental emcation to the tine spent on child care by the individual family members showed no set pattern of tine usuage. See Table III. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . u . . . . . 03.8.". 003. w . 03. on. 03. m3 003. vm. 0355. 03. 5. 00.: we. con. mm. 03. ma. ensues . . a . . . . . . . u . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . eon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 3n cons who... 3.2.3 3.2.. a 3.3.. 3.3.3. 9.3.3... 33.3.3 3.5. o 3.3. 33.3.3 3...... ... . 3.. 3a.... emu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133 e 333..." . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . :30 09 hp 3 m.ea.ma .o.mm. H .N.HH. e .H.ma. «3.».m . m .H.NH.HN .p.~a. m .m.ma. m .H.oa. m .m.wm. e . neosu eouo_op nee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . means ehoa eooonu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.3 .2 . u . - ......o . n 3.3. a .na . 3 3.3.8 3.3. n 3.3. 3 3.3.3 3.3. m . .3» .5 £3 .33 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . on non unaho scum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . u . . 33.3 on no on 3.3 . m . u . .. 3.3 . n 3.3 . e 3.3 . m 3.3.3 3.2. w 3.3. o 3.3.: ......m. n .33: 3.. 3 3:3 . . . . a . a a u . u . n a . . a n . .negw.b25w.25 oufla . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . once. .aneo. .anoo. .aoeo. .aaoe. .anoo. .aooo. . one. .aneo. .aaoo. . use .3 ....» mm .nfi.uuem.l.wm.uaem.hmm.uuemp..LoBITuefi.on.aueah.oh.nuem..om.uuem.3h.lnuom.km. Aoanv .Anvebopo. Aamv . “any . “may sea. ANHHV .onohope. Away . Away .hmav sea. EOE « ho m.mH» waivim “ Nat... « Ion hob.» flung holmowdu wHIm.mWw N I . I0 .3 m. ”3.3.003 no and. “chord“ nodadogm HIaflOHdMIMo whdom Guard“ omd no uhdm 0H l 0 3.5.55 0”. no can a I O 33.3.36 avenue: m»oa .3 Human: BREE On. amp mag HE. OB onadoBa ASHZHMQm .6 hmzogam HE. .KHH Haas 49 mmoawn 3.5 mm 6 am no «use.» 3 .. m 53.56 . A5 0 A: no nude» $9.23 . . . . . . 3.2 .5 .n . #oa . . a: . mmdoa . . :33. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0:. m3. ....E 3.6. . a . 3.: 3.3 mmfi. m . coda . n . o . shops .8 n6." . . . . . . . . .93 .3.» . mm . 8.3 3.2 3.3 mm. . $69.... . mm . on . 3 ... 3m.» . . . . . . . . .93 Hm...“ . me . 3.5.5 3.5 mofi. mm . 8.3» . mm . mm . NH .. ad . . . . . . . . 3.3 30..” . em . 3.: 3.3 no.3 NH . amino . mm . «a . so?» .3 m . . . . . . . . . . a . . . AB . DP. 2.8....3393. ~32: . 2.833.333.11m .35 . 3.8 . .39 carat] mo 62.033 Hduoazea 239. no .ozueaaa-aeumm. . :03 one no :3» n I 0 «0.6.2.6 . acumen anaconda . . . “.0 ”go 9:5 20 .55..“ H22. H492. HE OH onadoBfl fiafimfim ho mugHefiHflm fima .HN Hana. 50 u nusomu gown“ chasm“ gown.“ Panama nouao “.nunobi“ condo” 23m“ noun-m“ chasm” condo“ 950m" nonwouuhgmu umuao ~ ~ ” u u u a u . . . a u n u . Q...” u o ”and ” mm .86 n mm ”36 “ mv 2.1m . S 3&6 . mm 363“ a: “3.06 ¢m “ :33 u u u u . a u u u . u u “ a n u . u u . u n a a ” . u u u . u n I ”I “mméua T “I”I “I ”I “I ”I ”I ”I .I ”o.muau 3n: “ . u u u n a u . u u u n ” ... u I u I n I n I “I u I ”I n I “mmé “ m u I u I go.» « H u I u I “0:030." .850 u u u u u . u . u n n . u . u u I «I “I ”I ”I ”I ”I “I ”I “I ”I ”I ”o.m“n “I ”I «325.335 “ u u u u u u u u u . u u “ u a I u I u I u I ”ma; ” u. “an.” n r. ”I u I ” o.m ” H 3n.» n .n » o.m u H ”amid”: .830 n u n u . n . u ” u ~ ~ u u . ” I “I “m. ”H «o.m”H ...I “I ”I «I “I “I undufl ”I “I ” 59383.8 ” n u u ” . n a u a u u n . u “ o.n ” n ”and . mm 3m.» «3 “mm..." ” #m ”mod u m ”26 n mm 2.04 n 8 u ad ” m." ” «on»; u « ~ u u “ .u u u a a u a n u a 2.. u n ”.5.” u 8 “mar" ~ mm “2.4 ” am ”8.... . x. .84 . aw ”an; n 9 ”ma!" ” o." “ aofifin “ u n n 5223 as u 821.... as J E222 “my . $3 .3 womb“ m... I Md.” » NWI m u toaop no m“ .8 06C ma I m.NH » Nalmfi acaudoéfl 13on no automwomdaupd » 0%.» no undo» m. I o nah—ZED “gonna: 53% .8335? 3?on no 930. owdhcbd “ own no 9303." I m 5.836 . . u 952: Hugh rm fimdo 09:6 20 saflw H23. weak: HE. On. KOHBfiEHHH figwgm ho amazbnsfimm ans .8 quda 33 nonp no on 51 Fathers with birth to five year old children who had 16.5 or more years of edication spent the most tine on child care. 'lhe Opposite was true for 5-16 year old childrens' fathers in the same educational group. Lowest in the younger age level were fathers in the 12.5 - 16 year group. lothers, with young children, whose education falls in the eight year or less group spent the most time on child care: the least time was spent by woman in the 8.5 - 12 year classification. On the older age level the lost time was consumed by lathers in the 16.5 or more group and the least by women in the eight year or less class. 'Ihere was greater assistance tram other family members in the 8.5 - 12 group with younger children than was noted in any other group. 52 HOME ECONOMIC S mAINING Classification of 'Doy Purchases: Along families with children birth to five years of age the high- est frequency of toy purchases (4.63) was reported by the group in which the lather had htension training in Home Economics: following this group were those having had Iormal training (4.04), third lothers with no Homemaking training. and lastly were families in which the Mother had both Extension and Formal Home Economics work. Extension trained women showed a higher frequency of purchases in two areas. tint of dramatic or initative and social toys. Families in which the Mother had no Home Economics training bougit more strength and skill toys than were purchased by other families. In families with children five to sixteen years of age the highest total frequency of toy purchases was reported by the group with both Ex- tension and Formal training (4.34). following. in the order mentioned. were the group with Formal training (4.06), those with no Home Economics train- ing (3.86). and lastly women with Extension training (3.15). Ioaen having had Extension and formal training bougit more strength and skill toys. constructive and creative. knowledge toys. and also social toys. Jennies in the class in which the mother had only Formal Home Economics training rated higiest in the purchase of dramatic or imitative and artistic toys. See Table XXII. nirabiliw of 'Ibys Purchased: The percentages were exactly the opposi te for the durability of purchases nde by families for any given gype of Home Economics training in the two age groups. Families in the birth to five year group bought more sturdy toys only in the group in which the mother had formal training. In 58 » n a n a u n a . a we.» ” end. ” ma.» . mo... “mod” 3.3 9..» a $3. a 34 50.! bonuses» H38. » u a a a a a . h a a a a a a u a a u a so. ” a n no. a ma. “mo. u mo. . .. “ mo. » mo. “no. a 83302. u a n u a a a a a a use oosouom " u u u . a a u a . mm. ” mm. “ 3. ” mm. ”an. “ mo. “ 3. a a a 8. “mo. ” .3335. u u a u a a a u a a oaoHESm “ a n h a a a a . . m”. u .. . 2. . 8. ”3. a 8. . S. a 3. u no. .2. u 03.3.: u u a u u u u u u a R. ” em. a mm. a 8. ”.3. a moén 8. u we...“ a no.” “34. deacon n u a a . a a a a a 8. » mm. ” we. ” NHJ ”84» 34» mm. a mm...“ a 3..." 30:2 2523:: n a a a a a a a a a no 0365.5 » a a u a a u . u a 9. a mm. a 8. n 3. “we. . we. a 3. a mo. . no. .8. ” 2.33.8 “ u a a u a u a a a and 05393230 « a n a a a a a a a «N; u S.” a on.” a 84 .84“ 34“ 2.” n no.” a on.” “$6 :3. end £825 . a a a a a a a u . 85. 2.: , 88 "2.8 “amiss“ 2.3 u :5 2.3 “#3. a 13.8..." a a u a ” Hesse“ a a u a u and» u a a a u on? u . a . Hues” no MuUno pun” noaoneonm“ Hagonozumoa “ qoaenoanm “ no“ anepufiu ngwmnlecom.” meadow uoaaonoofi oaom » yfinuommFegaonoom 080m « can so 93% 2 u nufishmwé .1 om... co 88» m - o 8.838 . e38»: a 392330on mo 05 “who: 5 ho $25545. ”0:6 ...zoom fiém 924 MPH. ho E mm.“ on. 358004 nHHhHmmdno mfimdmombm MOB ho Hanan hofibgmh .HHHH Hams“ 54 the five to sixteen year group more fragile toys were purchased by one group. that in which the mother had Home Economics training throng: her formal education. See Table XXIII. Purchases from the youp with no Home Economics training in both age levels correspond with the total purchases recorded for the entire group. In this particular area of child care Home Economics training has apparently had little effect. Purchases of Household Furnishings: Families with children in the younger age level showed a definite relationship between Home Economics training and the purchasing of durable Household furnishings. Hid: est frequency of purchases was recorded by women with formal Home Economics training: the lowest was reported by women with no Homemaking training. The five to sixteen year group showed no awareness of durability as a factor in household furnishings purchases. In this age level the women with no Home Economics training reported a higher frequency (.51): the low- est (.20) was by women with extension training. See Table XXIV. Purchasing of Reading Material: The total purchases of reading material by non-Home Economics trained women were second in the younger age group following the Extension trained women. Families with children in the older age level in which the Mother had no Home Economics training reported the lowest frequency of purchases. High- est purchases were reported by woemn who had both Formal and Extension train- ing. The value of the reading material purchased was not estimted. Book purchases for women with Formal Home Economics training were higiest in the older age level. In the younger group Extension trained women placed highest in books purchased followed by no training in Homemaking. 55 . u .0 I u u u u u u » a a « 8Humqud.mflumbnamobnun¢mu oodumnvno .Onumnmuuomfiswfln ” « advoa . u a a . n a u a a n n a a a n a n a a a a a u . n n n a a a a . a . n n a a n o: n mad H.232. «.9. mm. m." «0J5. mm ”H.¢N“OHHuo .Hmubm “Hos"nm « ....n u hm u nouanotnm ” a . a a a a n n n a a u n and deacon » a . n a a a . a a a u a . wonmnmm 5.85m "N. Hmuoo “Homage “mogumw ”Nomfisn u 8 » OH u Godunoaxfi “ a a a a a n a a a n a a ” Ham. 8. e. 8.2. 3 .219. "new”mmdfintoe 3.3.8 » em a an n 158 n a a a n a n a a a a a a u n ..vn coin. ovnor ”n 690w ”noomummduofinuok. «Giana a mm a an a one: a n n II.“ n a n a a a u n a a one»: “amen; II. 1:30.!” anon: «anon» nascent-la « a seem. 62.13 .6235?.oz.uaom..oz.uaom.6278.262” ” n 38. .2 mm. NEE? H38: odmuulmn 5.33. so. .8 a . .5. .3 .3 “Shana “II :89 .8 afiflpfia x . 03 no and?» 07m 8.6.36“ own no macaw mic sea—:30» “manage seasonoofi a a a an Mo 05 E . 3 . . h a u nfimdafium mwoe ho CHAN—"SB fig On. ¢szHa . monzczoonfl axon wZfimaoS Emu. ho mHEmZOHHam HE oHHHNN nan; 56 TABLE XXIV. THE RELATIONSHIP OF 'IHE MOTHER'S HOME ECONOMICS MINING TO THE PURCHASING OF HCIISEHOLD FURNISHINGS SUITABLE FCR 0311me : 2 Type of Home 2 2 Economics Traini_ng:0hildren 0-5 years of age 20hildreg 5-16 years of age 21%. ofzho. of 2 :No. of’No. of 2 :Cases :Purchasesd'requmgywases :Purchasesd‘reQueng 2 2 : 2 2 2 lens 2 31 2 '7 2 .22 2 :59 2 20 2 .51 2 2 2 2 2 2 Formal 2 39 2 27 2 .69 2 24 2 9 2 .37 2 2 2 2 - 2 2 Extension 2 15 2 6 2 .40 2 30 2 6 2 .20 2 2 2 2 2 2 Formal and 2 2 7: 2 : 2 extension 2 2'7 2 13 2 .48 2 l7 2 5 2 .29 _ 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Totals 2 112 2 53 2 .47 2110 2 40 2 .36 2 2 2 2 2 2 5'7 There were an equal number of magazines purchased in the bith to five year old homes by non-Home Economics trained and Extension trained women. Highest ngasine purchases in olda‘ age level were reported by women having had formal and extension training; lowest by woem who had no Home Economics training. See Tabel XIV. Methods Used to Prevent the flisuse of Toys: In all cases the provision of storage space for toys when they are not in use rated highest of the methods suggested to prevent the misuse of toys. [omen with childrm in the younger age group having no Home- making training reported their second choice the method of taking the toy away from the child. Home Economics trained Mothers at this age level used secondly the method of showing the child how to play with the toy. This response may reflect to some extent their Home Economics training. In three of the four classifications among families in the older age level group the wise choice of toys ranked second in use: the fourth group (those having had extension training) rated showing the child how to play with the toy as second. See T-ble XXVI. Total Time spent on Child Care: hailies in the age group birth to five years in which the Mother had no Home Economics training reported the most hours per day consumed in child care (6.84). Lowest number of hours reported was 6.01 by women with formal Homemking education. Does this indicate that some types of forsal education apparently stress methods which decrease the time needed for physical care? It is to be hoped that the time spent in training and guidance is not decreased to any great extent. Olda‘ age level childrens families report the most time spent on child care by those women who had formal training and the least time by extension trained women. See Table XXVII. 58 » . a a a a a a n u a a a a a a a a a a .F. ”we a SA “on . mm. am.” a an. r3 a mm. ”mm a an. ”on a me. an." a ma. ..: a .8. “cm a on. ”om “ :38. a n n . a . a a a . a a a a a n a a a a a a a a a a a a a . a a a a a a a a a . .8. ”on a or. 3: a n». no." a am. an ma. 3 a 0H. .3 a no. “N u 3. am u mo. “n a ma. 3 ” eon: ” a a a a a u a a a a a a a a a a a a news: a a a a a a . a a a u . a a a a a . a a 9. 23. . .3. 2. ” mm. “m a on. “ma a no. a: a be. ”no a .3. “an" om. «m a no. “a." a .8. SH” eaoom . a a a a a a a . . n a a a a a a u u . a a . a n a a a a . a a a a a a a a a “ Noses? abuses? ”boson? “honos? “henna: inseam“ “been”: “hooves «women? ”homo?“ . 036E“ lemming anyhow” debug“ neahuéhu temhaonu lob—mtg.” legion” ieuhaooha tomboy: A33 a 2.5 u 83 ” hemv “ “any “ 3H3 “ Army a $3 a $3 a :3 a n Henson a a . a a 19.8.." a n a a a one a a a . a and a a a . dog nod-oeunflu ooaaneunnra 3.8% one a Aspen.“ ooauooahm“ coineonna Venom one»: magnum? eoaaoooon eawum ll“ 1.! “33mm? eouaonoomrosom a e“- mo endow 3 ... n seepage a ammo no check 0 2 0 33:6 nuances: a “meadow ” a Adana; $32M ho nmgmbm HE. on 252% MOHSCBOOH axon ”.mfiaoz E .5 mHmszHadfim HE. .5 ”an. 59 ” u ” ~ “ u . » . u u u n u a . n n » ” ooflond ooflmm . 00." “om “ 00.23 a coded u ooflnvd 00.38 “ oodnm u oodmw ” 00.2: n «38. u . u u u u u n u n u u u u u u u u u u n “ a a u ~ u u u u u u u “ » u u u n u u u n u u n u u u n . . n a a . . n u u and 5 you cont 0.05.3“ ndmubn 5.? ”ma lawman 34.2mm "mémunm “ 5&9?" “ 04.23 5.83» ”n.mnu¢m “ :3 you 36% ” u u u n a a u n n « u u u . n a u u u omauoou a 033.5. n u u . . u a u n » u . a u u . u u . u a . u u u u u u u a ” u u . . u u “ u ” 6330 05 hp .3 msvflmfi HEN“... 3.: an Egg; 3.: 6 ”H.918. » ”é ”n u 0.33 ”add: 36 “n ” [00¢ 60.5 up 5.8 u u n u » . u . u . u . . a u u . u a “ n02: who» 0.09.6 “ n n u n « ~ « u a n n . n n u n u u u mic ”S” m.» ”a 3.3 3 “m.m “n 2.6 “n ”0.25m. “ 5.5.3.” “ 0.33 .mfiflma 3.32. n he» an» A»? blag “ u n u u “ . u u ” u u u u u u u u u u 3 to.» «530 .38 . “ u u a “ u u u a u a a u u u u . . ~ ... « u n “ u u ” “ u . u . u n “ a . “ u 33:» on on ..: m6 “w ” m.w ”H “ u “I 35 ”w 34in 5.28m ” ” o.¢ 3 2.0.2.: ”06.33 ”mauaaaou 3 “530 . u u u u u u u u u u u u a u u u u 32? 593 how 33. u ” u w u u . . u a . u u u . . u “ a u u a a a . . . u a u n n a u ~ “ n u ammo” u acme» ” once» ”ammo“ ”acoo“ ”aaoou u « pace“ .acoo. ”ammo” u nuomumw“ ...8 ”.02“ Thom“.om.uuomu.ozuuuomwhmku » naom”.ozuh.mo.%1.amknnuomu.oz“ 8H5 “ 2.5 u “R: u 3.8 u 33 u “was . :8 n 63 u 83 u :3 ~ “ 38.3% n u “ ~ u Each » u u u u can u u u a u and u u u u Qfinaoamaoamwuaouunooé“ H.878, ” 32.: Hoopuunofloaouufinnoinuaun H.335 232» magnumufilooiondmm oaom « $3.:me nomonoom wadm ” own no undofiwa .. r. 8.836 . mad mo 930» n I 0 3.6.26 ” uwofitmw a “ whoa ho flmBH: gfiknmm on. 9mm: mnomafix ma. 09 aszHa moHEOZOOH 8.6m u.§muoz “mm". .8 AHWBOthfim Ema .HE Hg . , . . . .05” 09.0» HM." “ gong . .1908 . n n a u . ...a 2.2 on u 8.8” u 8153. u . . u . 38 Hannah u n n u .0: 8.9» cm “ 3.50 “ ..Hfl 00.6“ 0H « “wean .93 5v .9. #0." u “no... 0 IO . H 3 ...E 8...... S n 3.8 now-noon . fl . ~ .93 Eon” #N u omfim ...:— Ho.o“ a» ” omgfl Hannah u u a u .93 an ......” b» “ wrdma .93 vmd” H»... « om.m.nm ouch . « Ndadm” 3:33. 7:5 hon on u o . no «H35 on I n 8.6.36 a ” Nadir-.23.». A .35 «on on u o .0 «03m» EN? .0 no 930 n I o aohaanouummnuufl ocuaoaoon . u anon no as “ oooouuuuuuu uuuuuuuuuu n50 3:5 20 95mm Bag 309.. Run on. gang 90220208 "an Page. ma. .3 AHBZOHBE any .35 Rama. 61 Time Spent on Child Care by Individual Family Members: Comparing the time spent on child care by individual family members and the Home Economics training of the Mother the greatest amount of time. for families with young children. was reported by mothers with no Home Ec- onomics training (5. 61 hrs.). 'Ihe least time was spent by women who had both Extension and Formal training (4.66 hrs.). Husbands of Extension trained women spent more time on child care (1.91 hrs.) than was reported by other groups: lowest time recorded for fathers was 1.20 hours by both Formal and non-Home Economics trained women. See Table IIVIII. Families with children five to sixteen years of age showed Mothers with Formal Home Economics training spending the most time on child care (2.52 hrs.) followed by non-Home Economics trained (2.4-0 hrs.). Extension and Iornal training (2.26 hrs.). and Extension trained with the least time (2. 2.2 hrs. ). Fathers of older children reported less time spent on child care. training. and guidance. rewer hours were reported by the group in which the wife had both Extension and Forma1 training (.92 hrs.) followed by non- Home Economics trained (1.11 hrs.). Extension trained (1.20 hrs.). and the lost time reported by Fathers where the wife had Formal Home Economics training (1.45 hrs.). The time contributed by other family members in all cases was slight and file mmber of cases reported was small. 62 u n u u n n n n u n n n n u u . mH.m “ on ”~06 “ Hm “No.0 « S. "and u 2. ”mde“ me 356 ” mm ”Hm..OH“ me “Hm.mH“ 8 ” egos “ u n u n u u u u n u u u u . n u u n u u u u u u u n . u u u n I n I “I n I ”mm.Hn H ”I . I ”9n” m ”I u I “m. n H L o.m ” H u Him: “ u n n u n . n n n u . u u u u I u I "I n I u I u I “I u I n I n I “I u I n I u I n I n I ”ozomHou .850 u u u u u u n u . u n a u n u . I “I ”I ”I “I “I ”I "I ”I ”I? ”IuofiuH “I ”I ”325.8254 “ n n u u u n u u n n n u u n u I n I 5H4 . n “o; n H "mad . m u as . H T u I . o.m . m . m.n . m 233:. .830 n u h n n n n n n u u n u u n u o.m ” H n I u I u n. u H ”I n I ” n.w » H ”I u I u I u I ”I u I » componensuo ” u u u u a n n u n u u u u n ” mm.m n 5H «mmfi ” mm “mad ” em ”CHIN » mm “wad u om unmJ “ mH ”SJ » mm ”Hod “ H»... n .350: n u u u u n u u n n n . . u u ” mm. . S u .H . om .94 n 8 2H4 . mm ”on; . 3 .8; u «H .8; n 8 “on; . mm . uofiem ” n n n u u n n u u n a u u n n ougmunommonnusomnuouso”nanomneoumouuusom”cameo“unnomnuouuoneueom“nonsoueunom“eoamoueugmnnoumon 2.5 . 88 n 38 . 33 u :8 . Ans ” 38 u 33 n Hesnoh » . n ” Hesuoh ” n n u use n n u a use ” u u “ newsman? no comm” Hdauowm» osmm. casein nommsofi» Hog» amok» I $53st ecusocoon seen n #3598. uoHsosoom seem ” own no «Helm 3 I mammal. emu no endow m I o 3536 u saunas: . . 232 n u was: Hdidh Hm flmto(.63) for families with two, three, or four children. It did not follow, as one might upset, that there was an increase in consideration of durability for the largest families. See Table m1. Purchasing of Reading Material: Highest percentage of book purchases for the younger age level was made by families With five or more children but the proportion of purchases decreased with an increase in family size. In the five to sixteen year 66 u u u u u u n u n u a u a ” oofimaififlmsdmchnfim” oodmmfim.8umnm£.$$mma “ u :32. a a a a u a . a a a u a a u “a a» .a a” «. ”aofiumzu “..:“: 3.093 ”mdeamn 3.0.22. 3.68» «0.33.» a ma a ma “ euoa no 0 a u a a a a a a u a a a a a domafiham.mnuo.n.2m.oo;mdb.mmummmuméeunndmdnunmd i. a mm a e .. w c m u a a a a a . a . a a a a ” ~23“an unfiwnvm usJounv améwaoofiodmano 5.3;» a cm ” am H u a a a a » . a a a a a a pace” apnoea “pave“ “cave” .ocooa apnoea " ” thema.ozauuomu.ozanaoma.ozauuom”.ozauaema.ozusuema.oza “my « Adv H384 ofimewfi beam“ ago Samar“. ~33? .38 {Wanna badpesa . as? we :23”? . owe mo memo.» calm 5.856” own no munch nao 5.835” A5 A3 .0 .0 .0 O. Q. . H25.» 3» 5 8.82.8 no hopes: oeuuoneaoooouoe nfiwdmombm much .8 EHAHmdma awe On. ”Nam NAME; ho mHmmonadflmm Ema .8 $3.46 67 TABLE XXII. THE RELATIONSHIP OF FAMILY SIZE T0 'IHE PURCHASE OF BOISEOLD FURNISHINGS SUITABLE FOR CHILmEN ‘V Number of Children: .0 OJ in the Family :ghildregj-S years of age3Children 5-16 years of age :No. ofsNo. Of :fie— :No. 0 : o. o : re- iases :Purchases:quengy :Cases :Purchases:quency : : : x : : 1 : 29 x 4 : .14 a so : 3 : .15 : z z : : z 2 - :5 - 4 : 68 z 43 : .63 : 74 z 24 : .32 : z z z : : 5 or more 2 15 : 6 : .4) : 16 s 13 : .81 z z : x : : x : : z 3 : Totals : 112 : 53 z .47 : 110 x 40 : .36 x 2 : z : : 68 group an increase in family size brought an increase in book purchases for the first two groups. See Table XXXII. Magazine purchases rose 16.1! percent from two. three. or four children families to those with five or more at the younger age level. For five to sixteen year old children the magazine purchases showed only slignt variation with family size: no purchases were reported by families with five or more children. In both age level groups the encyc10pedias were purchased by families with two. three, or four children. Methods Used to Prevent Misuse of Toys: Following a pattern similar to all of the previously studied factors family size groups rated mmber one of their methods used to prevent the misuse of toys the provision of storage space. Second among families with one child for the lower age group was showing the child how to play with a toy. Both of the larger family groups at the lower age level placed second taking the toy away. Families with children five to sixteen years of age with one child rated second taking the toy away. Larger families practiced the policy of wise toy choices for free use by the children. Families with five or more children rated equally the above mentioned method and taking away the toy. See Table XXXIII. Total Time Spent on Child Care: Bath age level groups indicated an increase in the total amount of time spent on child care with an increase in family size. The increase however was not sufficient to allow the same time per child in the larger families as was given to only children. It migit be concluded that many tasks take the same amount of time for several children as would be eXpended for one child. See Table'XXXIV. 69 ” a u a n a a u m.on 3n n 9 “3. a ASS wagon. “ m.m u: ” mg? no » ANHC ensues “ u u u a u a u u u a u a u a a u a o no « mm 3 a 3.5 0.35 .3 m “ odm 3 « ow “m a And 0.88 no m u u u u u u u u “ To» in u 5.3 “an“ Awteancm ”9.2 :. fi 8 3n“ 63¢: mum ” a u a a . a a a an I. a mm 2. a 83 H u o no u an no." a “as H » III” a u u n u u u anooaem. .olfluacoouomuwhuewd no name» main moacfimcuueoouom” .oz.ameouomadmm“OMd we made» one neucaumo nouns—swam. axoom “ 35:3. auoom “ 120$: mneaom 85 N28» Hansen: 9.88m ” 36 edema » a a u u 0. .0 .0 #459552 wzmnam ho csz: 0.33 a “ 0H0»: :0 00" a .000“ u nuaam 63 n u a .800 03 a a 0050.- 00.33“ a 00.0 a a .H0>0H .5305 0000.8“ “ 33,0000» u n 008. 00.090» “530.32 “ 0300000 3 no.2 up: 0000.3» 3 no... a a 03.3». no“ . 3 “ 0903.09 5 0000.8 030.80%” “ENE” 10H” ....mmmlanosa 00.00.83 “ 0000.83 . dammgohmmba eeaeaoawaeaauonhufinwaan“ Ian.“ u0naoh » pogo: » H309“ amaze?» a a a a a a u a a 0.3% edema 005:»!— a exoom . . u a a 00050.30: 000$.me » 003: no“ u a no 0.80 a a a no “ 00.0 0.30 budwoico 000a. cabarfifiuflpdufiufiemeaa mflueon 000.325» 3 mandamuhanflpdé“ 0mm “5000000th nouoeh 008 no 588 III. :per child: 0. 00 e. 0. e0 0. 0. 3families use :wise choice :of toys In- : Irregular : No : Increase : (1)Provi si on : Increase :Irregular : Increase :Irregular :Irregular :Irr egular creased :pattern :marked : in :of storage :through :pattern ’ 3pattern :pattern :pattern years of : :differ-:sturdy :space most :college : : : : : parental :ence :purchases :common method :training : : : : : education : : : 3(2)More even : 3 : : : : (A) Birth : : : :distribution : 3 : : : : to five : : z :of use of : : z : : : year group: : : :methods with : : : : : : : : : :lower educa— : : 3 z : : : : : :tional group : : : : : : lBSFive to:Increase :‘fia‘ :Irregular :(lfifi‘ovision :Increase :Irregular :Irregular :Irregular:Irregularzlrregular sixteen : marked :pattern 3of storage : through :pattern :pattern :pattern :pettern :pattern year group: :differ-: :spece most :college : : z : : : :ence : :common method :treining : : : : z : : : :(2)Wise choice: : z : : z : : : :of toys second: : : : : : TIT-A Hornedmfi—ten- :(1) Ir—: More :(1)Provision more by :Highest by : More m-Home :Irregulard‘rregular Economics :sion :regular: sturdy :of storage :extension :non-Home 3considered:Economics:pattern :pattern training :trained :pattern: with :space most :trained :Economics :by Home :spent : : of Mother :buy more :(2)Ex— : formal :conmon method : :treined :Economics :more time: : (A)Birth :(2)Exten- :tension: :(2)Non-Home : : :trained : : : to five :sion and :more in: :Economics take: 3 :women : : 2 year group:formal :drama- : :toy away as : : : : g 3 :lowest :tic and: :second method : : : : z 2 :frequency :imita- : : : : g g g : : :tive : : : : g : g g : :and : : : : : : : : : 1 :social : : : : : g g 3 (BS Five :(l)Exten- :Irre- :Less :(ljfiovision :Highest :Most by :More dura-fiormal :Irregular:Freg11ar to six— :sion and :gular :eturdy :of storage :purchases bymomen with :ble selec-:Home tuattern :‘Dattern teen year :formal com-:patternmith :space most :formal Home :Extension :ted by non-:Economics: :' group :bination : :formal :common method :Economics :and formal :Home Eco- :trained : : :highest : :Home :(2)Wise choice:tr.ained :training :nomics :spent more : :frequency : :Economics :of toys secondzwomen : :trained :time : : :of purchase 3eduoation :in all except : 3 :women : : 2 :(2)Exten- : : :Extension : : : : g g . :sion low- : : :trained : g : g : b :est : : : : : : : : : ease tSocial :lrregular 3(1)P1‘°V1810n zlncrease :Increase :Irregilar :Increase :Irregular:lrregular e-figxfixizhe‘;“;’ “my. :pattern :of storage : per :per family :pattern : :pattern :pattern - size :famlly :1n— : :epace most :family but :but de- : : : : (A)Birth to :but de- :creased: 3common method :decrease per:crease per : 3 : : five year 3crease 3 = :(2)Large :child :child : : g : group :per child: : :families rate : : : : : : 2 3 3 3second taking : 3 3 : : z j : #:__ : :toytawey : : : : : : V (35 Five tozlncrease :Social :Increase :(l)Provieion :Irregular :Irregular :fficrease :Increase :Increase :Irregular sixteen : per : and :of storage :pattern 3pattern = : : :pattern year group 3fam11y :drama- :spece most 3 : : : . :but de- :tic in- 3common method 3 : : t : :creasa :creaeed : (2)1.arge 3 3 : : : 81. '79 CONCLU SI 0N5 ~ This study indicates a need for giving information to Hichigan families which would bring about the selection of a greater variety of toys. The lack of response concerning the purchasing of durable house- hold furnishings would lead one to believe that an awareness of their place in Child Development is not felt. ihe overwhelming response for the provision of storage space for toys when they are not in use is gratifying. ‘ It is hOpsd that the families are aware of some of the other values obtained from the use of this method web as: respect for the preperty of others, the feeling of ownership, timrness, etc. The time spent in care of children by this particular group of Michigan women was considerably higher than has been reported by other authors. (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) ('7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) 80 BIBLIOGRAPHY Alschuler, Rose H. Children's Center, William Morrow and Company, New York, 1942. Anderson, John E. Happy Childhood, D. Appleton-Century Company Inc., New York, 1933. Arlitt, Ada The Child from Che to Twelve, Whittlesey House, New York,1931. Baruch, mrothy W. Parents and Children Go to School, Scott, Foresman and Company. Oblong). 1939. Boettiger, Elizabeth '1'. Children's Play, Indoors and (lit, E. P. Ditton and Company, Inc., Newfirk, 1S38. Chittenden, Gertrude E. Living with Children. The Macmillan Company, New York, 1944. Faegre, Marion L. and Anderson, John E, Child Care and Training, University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis, 1g87. O roster, Josephine C. and Mattson, Marion L. Nursery School Education, D. Appleton-Century Company, New York,l989. Garrison, marlotte G, Permanent flay Materials for Young Children, Charles Scribner's Sonsrfifiew York, 1926. Garrison, Charlotte G. and Sheehy, Dnma D. At Home with Children, Henry Hold. and Company, Inc., 1943. Goodspeed, Helen C. and Johnson, Home. Care and Training of Children, J. B, Lippincott Company, Philadel- phia, 1929. Gross, Irma and Lewis, Mary Home Management, I, S. Crofts and 'Company, New York, 1940. Homer. Louise S. How to Choose Toys, Parents Magazine, Vol. 19 (Dec. 1944) p, 36. Kawin, Ethel The Wise Choice of Toys, University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 19:34. (15) (16) (17) (18) (19) (20) (21) (22) (23) (24) (25) (26) (27) (28) 81 Kyrk, Hazel Economic Problems of the Family, Harper and Brothers, New York, 1933. Lambert, Clara Schools' Out, Harper and Brothers Publishers, New York, 1944. Landreth, Catherine Education of the {Ignichilm John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York 1942, Lehmn, Harvey C. and Ni tty, Paul A. The Psycholog of Play Activities, A. S. Barnes and Company, New York, 1927. Leonard, Minnetta 8. Best Toys for Children, Visconsin Kindergarten Association, 1925, Lindquist, Ruth A Stu of Home Mama ement, The Candle of Phi Ypsilon Omicron (Vol. XV, No. I} and micron Nu Magazine (Vol. IX, No. II), Joint Issue, 1929. ' Lindquist, Ruth The Family in the Present SociaLOrda', Chapel Hill, The Univer- sity of North Carolina Press, 1931. McLain, Carrie Masters Thesis, Michigan State College, 1944. Merrill-Palmer List of Good Toys foriecial Age Groups (Mimeographed). Nickell, Pmlina and mrsey, Jean Management in Family Living, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 1942, Rogers, James E. The Child and Play, The Century Company, New York, 1932. Updegraff, Ruth and otha‘s Erectice in Preschool Education, McGraw-Hill Book Germany Inc., New York, 1938. Warren, Jean Use of Time in Its Relation to Home Management, Bulletin 734, Cornell University Experiment Station, Ithaca, New York,1940. White House Conference on Child Health and Protection, The Century Compaxv, New York, 1931. KFPENDIX SChedule: Complete Charts on Toy Purchases Household Furnishings Tables magazine Purchase Tables 82 Jase No. Jounty Date Taken STUDY OF FACTORS INFLUENCING HOME MANAGEMENT PRACTICES 1. Composition of Family Part I. Introduction A. Family members Age Living at home Education Yes No Grammar High No. years attended School School beyond high school B. Other members in household Age Relationship to head of household II. Housing A. The house B. Facilities 1. Heating No. of rooms Age of house No. of floors Central Furnace Stoves other than Kitchen Kitchen stove only Fireplace None 2. Lighting Kerosene Gas Electricity Power Home plant Other II. III. Housing (continued) C. 5. _ 2 _ CookingfiFuel Type used. Distance of fuel storage from stove a. Wood, coal, cobs .______._feet b. Kerosene or gasoline _________ " 0. Electricity " d. Gas " e. Both a.&b. " f. Other combinations " Indoor Water Supply 5. Toilet Type Kitchen a.______Indoor flush ba__Ennnin b. Indoor other c . Outdoor (privy) d. None If no indoor supply, estimate distance from 6. Telephone kitchen door. ft. Yes No 7. Refrigeration Ice box__________Mechanical Refrigeration None Home Ownership_ Do you 1. Own your own home?__________ 2. Rent your home? 5. Are you buying home on installment plan? 4. Are you a enant farm family?__________ 5. If farm family, do you own the home and lot even if you do not own the farm? 6. Other Household Eroduction A. C. Laundry Work B. Dry Cleaning Sewing 1. Clothing a._________.All except men's & boy's outer clothing b.._________Women's dresses & children's clothing mostly c.__________Children's clothing only d.__________Aprons, work dresses chiefly e.__________None beyond mending 2. Household textiles other than clothing, such as Canning and Preserving. 1.' 2. 5. 4. Fruits Vegetables Meats Jellies, jams & pickles curtains Household Production (continued) E. Household repairs and remodeling — as painting and papering. 1. Structural 2. Equipment & Furnishings a. Painting a._______Finishing & repairing b. Papering furniture 0. Finishing floors b._______Upholstering d.______Making & repairing screens c._______Fixing light wires e.______Mending roof d._______Making cupboards & shelves f. Other - e._______Making furniture f._______0ther F. Home Nursing l.________Nursing of sick done at home by mother. 2. " " " " " " " other family member. 5 . II N H II I! N I! paid help . 4. " " " " " hospital. G. Child Care and Training Which family members care for, teach and train the children? Estimate the number of hours spent: Physical Care Discipline Physical Habits, Manners, Household Tasks . Training and Experience of Housewife A. In Home Management 1. Training through home economics classes a. In school No. of Years 1. Elementary 2. High school 5. College b. Extension classes c. Other-state What 2. Experience a. No. of years married b. No. of years you have had full responsibility for a household: before marriage since marriage B. Other training and experience such as bookkeeping, teaching. 1. Type of experience 2. No. of years of experience _ 4 - v.In9_Qm_e A. Form 1. Money Income a. Farm Family b. Non~farm Family 1. Under 750. 1. Under 1000. 2. $750 — 1750. 2. $1000 — 2500. 5. Over 1750. 5. Over 2500. 2. Goods produced directly a. Do you produce food for your own usage? None Less than half (in value; of all food that you use More than half in value of all that you use. 2. 5. b. Do you produce fuel for your own usage? None Less than half (in value; of all that you use More than half in value of all that you use 0 2. 5. B. Money Income contributed by Member Occupation Approximate proportion If farmer, give type of farm of total family income All One-fourth One—hglf Three—fwnihs Estimate number hours per week housewife gives to earning money, if she contrflwta to money income — such as making butter, raising chickens for sale 1. Hours spent outside of home_________.2. Hours spent at home __— VI. Community in which home is located. A. Size of community Farm Village under 1000 population Town or village 1000 - 2500 B. Food Clothing Furnimuei___ Name your shopping center for How many miles distant? *———— VII. Housewife's Incentives for conscious management of time, energy, income, goods and services. Efficiency. Belief in most efficient method of working Desire for more leisure time for housewife To conserve energy To reduce expenses of running a home To enjoy more social life - either within or without the family circle Which one? To improve the home artistically To be able to participate more fully in community affairs To make home living more satisfactory To have more time for earning money Because of poor health, energy is limited ...... . l_ 4).; - 5 - PART II. MANAGEMENT AS APPLIED TO THE HOME I. MONEY MANAGEMENT Expenditures I. Plan a. Does your family have a plan for spending family income? Yes No b. How long have you had such a plan?__________yrs. c. If there is such a plan 1. Form. Written Unwritten._________ 2. Completeness. Partial Complete . 5. Who makes the plan? Check one: a. Whole family group. b. Father & mother. c. Mother & father & older children. d.________Father. e. Mother f. Other 4. Is there a regular time for making the plan? Yes No . If yes, is it: , a. Particular time set for family council b. When family happens to be together c. At meal time d. When occasion arises to spend money e. Other 5. Where is plan usually made? a________In living room b. ________Around dining room table c.________Around kitchen table d. Other 6. How is it made? a. Sources of Help l.._______0wn expenditures of other years 2._______Printed budgets 50 ____Others b. List of items to be included 1. Headings _Make own headings b. Follow headings of printed book c.________0ther 2. Basis for including items in list ________Family custom b.________Consideration of needs of members of family c.________Consideration of long—time family plans d.________0ther 3. Basis for setting a money valuation on each item: a.________Past experience b.________Inquiry at stores c.________0ther c. Bringing budget into balance. When evaluated items are added and checked against income, —— 1. If income is larger than planned expenditures what is done with remainder? A. I. Plan (continued) 2. If planned outgo is larger than expected income, - a..______Is number of items reduced? Name principal one? b._______Is cost of certain items reduced? c._______Other d. Basis of Making decisions 1. Calculation of needs. Long time Immediate 2. Emphasis on a.__________Farm or business needs b.__________Family needs c.__________Balance between (a) and (b) d. If no plan is made, —— 1. Who decides how much money shall be spent? a.________Whole family group b.________Father and mother with older children c._______.Father and mother d.____Father e.._______Mother f.________Other 2. Are decisions talked over with other members? Yes No If yes, with whom? 5. When are decisions made? a.________At time set for a family council b.________When family happens to be together c._______.At meal time d.________When occasions arise to spend money e.________Other II. Control ostamily Money a. Who controls the spending of family income? 1. Mother 2. Father 5.________Mother & father 4. Father, mother and children 5. Other b. What arrangements are made for handling the income? Money given by one person on request 2.________Joint bank account 5a_______.Common purse 4.________Household allowances 5.________Personal allowances 6._______0ther 7.________Does anyone in the family have a bank checking account? B. Savings and Debts In this study, insurance is considered as a substitute for savings I. Did the family plan to save during the past year? Yes________.No a. If planned, did you save l.________As much as planned 2. More than planned 5.________Less than planned b. If not planned, did the family save any money? Yes_______.No II. Who decides how much shall be saved? a._______Whole family together b._______Mother, father with older children c._______Mother and father d._______Mother . II. Savings and Debts (continued) e . ___Father f._______0ther III. Who decides how savings shall be invested? a._______Whole family together b._______Mother, father with older children c._______Mother. d. [Father e. Mother & father f.______.0ther IV. Check purposes for which family saves money: a._______Reduce debt g. Emergencies b. Improve farm or business h. Vacations c. Improve house and furnishings 1. Other. Specify. d.______.Children's education e.______.Old age f. Health, Operations, etc. V. List items consciously given up during past year by each of the following, in order for family to save: Mother Father Son 14 or over Daughter 14 or over Children VI. Is this lan for saving accepted by all members of the family? ________§es No._______ If not, what protests were made, and by whom? L Begords I. Do you keefi a record of expenditure and saving? Yes 0 If yes, a. Who keeps the record? 1. Mother 5. Older daughter 5. Other. Whom? 2. Father 4. Older son b. What form is used? l.______Account book 2. Card file 5. Cancelled checks 4. Other c. Headings 1. Printed headings 2. Blank book to make own headings D. Purchasing 1. 1% Chief purchaser Who helps with su s a. b. C. d. e. 2. Sup 1 s f. Who chooses what rovemen s a mad n t e ou II. Quantities Purchased, — Imme a e e s ore a Use onl Su 1 month's su a. b. Sewin su es III. Method of Payment a. Type.______check any you use commonly l._________Exchange of products 5. Charge account 2a_________Cash 4. _______Installment List articles bought within last 5 yrs. on installment 5. Borrowing to buy articles. List articles bought within last 5 yrs. with money especially borrowed for that purpose. b. Who decides on method of payment? l.__________Whole family together 4 ._______Mother 2.-- Mother, father & older children 5a______.Father 5.__________Mother and father 6._______Other c. What reasons lead to the decisions l.__________Less risk 5._______Need of article without 2a_________Cheaper available cash 5. Better business standing 6._______Others 1_.— in community 4__—— 4._________.Family habit ...—— _ g _ II. UTILIZATION OF GOODS AND SERVICES Food I. Menus a. When is menu planned for 1. Breakfast 2. Dinner 5. Supper or luncheon b. Help in deciding menu other than schooling urce o e p l 0. Basis for planning. Rank in order of importance. Family preference Cost of food _______Health standpoint _______Special need of one or What is available more individuals A Other d. Do you write out menus? 1. Daily 2._______Special occasions as Breakfast Christmas Dinner Lunch or supper II. Quantities usually prepared a._______.Just enough to use at one meal. b.________More than enough so that remainder is usually utilized at another meal. c.________Sufficient of certain foods planned for at least two meals. Check foods planned to use at later meals. 1._______Potatoes 6._______Pies 2._______Vegetables (fresh) 7._______Cakes 5._______Soup 8._______Other 4. Meat 5._______Puddings III. _ 10 _ A. III. Keeping of Foods (continued) b. d ila B. Clothing I. II. III. IV. VI. When is clothing discarded? Check first reason three times, secondary reason twice, third reason once. Basis of decision as to n r r 14 o ove 9., Completely Who decides how long a garment shall be worn? Children's a. Wearer d. Both father and mother b. Father . e. Other c. Mother ist articles made over 1 st ar f Pressing of clothes at Home Women's dresses Girl's dresses Men's suits Older boyls suix No. times per mo. Done by whom? Puttingiaway of clothes after daily use. Putting away Man‘s Woman's Son's l4 Daughter's Children's or ove 14 or over. Suits Ties Suits Ties Underwear Underwe a. Time 1. Immediate _ly after use 2. Later b. Done by whom Preservation methods used to protect textiles against moths. a. Methods used 1. Moth balls & crystals 4. Sealed bags 2. Moth Sprays 5 None 5. Cedar 6.____.Other __ 3.VI- VII. VIII. _ 11 _ Preservation methods used to protect textiles against moths (continued) b. Success of methods. Always successful_______Usually_______Sometimes. Mending. a. Done at a special time. Yes No b. Done by whom c. Estimated time per week spent on mending garments d. u of men ens 2. Women's 5. Number of dry cleanings per year (done at home or commercially). Men's overcoats_________ Women's coats Men's suits Women's dresses Children's garments C. Furnishings I. II. III. IV. Decision making on purchasing of furnishings Made chiefly by a.__________Father d.__________Family group b._________Mother e._________0ther c.__________Father & mother together Basis of replacement a.__________When worn out d.._________Dislike of article b._________.Shabby e.__________Not fit into decorative c. ___Out of date scheme _ f. ___Other Care and repair of furnishings. Done by family or commercially. Give number of times in last three ears. can 8 e S Care of linoleum a. Number of times washed per month b. Number of times waxed per month c. Number of times varnished per year d. Other. State kind of care Piano a. Piano owned? Yes.________No b. Frequency of tuning. l._______0nce in two years 5.________Twice a year 2. Once a year ' 4.________Other _ 12 _ C. VI. Breakage of dishes a. Number of water glasses broken annually b. Number of cups broken annually VII. Storage space for linens a. Adequate so linens do not muss. Yes No b. Easy to use linens in rotation. Yes_______No c. It is your practice to rotate linen. Yes No VIII. kins 7. Ru 5 b. usage 8 ma e o o towels IX. Children's Toys a. List last five toys you have selected for your children and check lasting quality. b. Methods used to prevent misuse of toys and house furnishings. 1. Toys a. Take toy away when child is not using it as should b. Show child how to play with the toy 0. Choose toys which can be used freely by child d. Provide a storage space for toys when not in use e. Amount of time spent in supervision of play f. Other 2. Furnishings a.______Provide a special place for child to play b. Other 5. What furnishings have you bought with durability in mind, if you have small children? a. b. c. d. D. Eggipment I. Brooms, brushes and mops. Check method of storing. a. Hang up d.______Resting on floor b. Standing upside down e. Other 4__ c. Lying down 11_ II. Vacuum Cleaner. Frequency of emptying the dust bag. At re lar intervals l.______A ter each sweeping 5. Other ___ 2. Once a month i__ b.______When bag is full a. _ 15 _ 3.111. .Electric Iron a. How many years has it been in use? b. How many repairs made in the last year? IV. Washing machine a. Is it an electric__________or hand—power_________machine? b. How many years has it been used? c. How many repairs made in the last year? V. Cooking stove a. How many years has it been used? b. What repairs & replacements made in the last year? 'VI. Small kitchen equipment. Basis for discarding. Check chief reasons. a. Pots, pans, kettles, bowls, etc. . Dented, chipped or warped 2. Ruined through food burning in it 5. Belief that materials are injurious to health 4. Shape & size not correct 5. Does not fit in with color scheme 6. Other b. Tools as egg beaters, knives, etc. l.______No longer in working order 2. Something newer on the market 5. Other E. Inventory 1. Keeping Inventory a. Do you keep an inventory of all your household possessions? Yes No b. If yes, how do you keep it? 1. Notebook 2.______Card file 5. Other method 0. Do you revise this inventory annually? Oftener? Less often? II. Keeping Ledger. Property, real estate, etc. a. Do you keep a family ledger? Yes No b. Who keeps it up-to—date? III USE OF TIME AND ENERGY OF HOUSEWIFE A. Aid received by housewife in work of home I. Family members who aid housewife in work of home. a. b. c. Other family member II. Paid help a._______Full time No. months per year b. Part time No. months per year________Days per week______Hours per day___ _ 14 _ A.III. Labor-saving devices. Check those owned. a. Washing machine e. Sewing machine 1. Hand—power machine 1. Hand 2. Power machine 2. Pedal 5. Power b. Electric iron f.______Electric mixer 1. Hand g. Pressure cooker 2. Mangle h. Other c. Carpet sweeper d. Vacuum sweeper 1. Hand 2.______Power B. Plans I. Do you make a plan of work for yourself or others in the household,_____1eguhnly, occasionally,__________never. II. If yes a. Form used 1. Written 2.______Menta1 b. Completeness of plan . Partial 2. Complete 0. Help in making plan 1. No help 2. Help received from what or whom? d. Time of making plan 1. No regular time 2. Regular time. When e. How long have you made time plans? f. For what period do you make them? 1. Day 5.______Month 2. Week 4. Season g. Do you include plans for rest_______, leisure.________n h. Handling of interruptions 1. Types of interruptions met. Rank in order of importance. a. Special demands of children e. Visitors b. Special demands of husband f._____Salesmen c. Unexpected community activity g. Telephone calls d. Others 4—— 2. Methods of adjusting to interruptions. Describe methods used 4___ 1. Does your time plan work? Yes_______ No III. Have you ever made such a plan? Yes No a. When first married? Yes_______No b. When there was a baby in the household? Yes No c. Other times , .___ C. Fatigge, Best, Leisuge I. What hours of the day are you tired? a. Sunday d. Wednesday f. Friday b. Monday e. Thursday g. Saturday a__ c. Tuesday II. Rest and Sleep a. How many hours do you sleep at night? b. What is your general hour for arising? 0. Do you rest during the day? Yes__________No If yes, 1. How long? 2. At what time of day? III. Leisure time Activities a. Do you consciously plan time for leisure activities with your family? Yes..r’ No If yes, no. of hours weekly - 15 _ 3.111. b. How do you use your leisure time? Check in order of importance to you. l. Out—of—door sports and activities 6. Reading 2. Community activities 7. Music 5. Church activities 8. Listening to radio 4. Handwork such as knitting 9.______P1aying bridge 5. Social activities 10. Others E. Short cuts or especially effective ways of doing work of which you are conscious. I. Food a. Preparation b. Serving c. Clearing up and doing dishes II. Care of House III. Laundering IV. Care of Children V. Other E. Accomplishment. Do you find at the end of the day, —— I. No tasks left undone? Yes No II. A few tasks left undone? Yes No III. Many tasks left undone? Yes No IV. If many tasks are left undone, —- a. Have you substituted other tasks for those planned? Yes No b. Have you used more time for the planned tasks? Yes__________No _ 16 _ IV. SUPERVISION OF WORK OF HOUSEHOLD If you have help with any of the household tasks, mark this section. Otherwise disregami it altogether. A. Do on make lans as to what work is to be done b others? erson or w om e person made Yes No Written erbal Made alone who do 8 wo k . us an II. en 0. III. Other amil m ber IV. Hire B. 29_ t d en wo k is to b don en ow ow w rec ons un er— Person be done be done Written Verbal be done Husban II. en III. IV. C. Do ou check on ualit of work done? erson we 8 s an II: en III. Other members IV. re e p _ 17 _ done to ur satisfaction? 0 s i I. II. III. IV. . s it done will erson I. II. III. IV. _ 18 _ PART III. LONG-TIME FAMILY PLANS Do you consciously make plans for your family for —- a. Less than one year hence d. Ten years hence b. One year hence e. Fifteen years hence 0. Five years hence f.______Twenty years hence A. Education 1. Formal Education a. Have you made plans for furthering the children's education? Yes No b. If yes - l. By’whom were the plans made? a. Mother d. Mother, father & children b. Father e. Other c._____Mother and father 2. How long have you had these plans? a. Since marriage c.______After children started sdmol b. Since children were born d. Other 5. Have there been any changes in the plans since first made? Yes 4. In order to further the plan, were sacrifices made by No a._____Mother d. Daughters over 14 yrs. b._____Father e.______All the family 0. Sons over 14 yrs. f. Other 5. Does the whole group agree with this plan? Yes No If not, who does no ? a. Mother d.______Daughters over 14 yrs. b. Father e. Other c. Sons over 14 yrs. 6. If money was set aside, were there other uses for that money considerafi N Yes______. o.______ a. If yes, list the uses - l. 5. 2. 4. 7. How near completion is the plan? a. Still just a plan b. In process 0. Completed II. Personalitygpevelopment Are you planning and executing methods of developing the personalities of the family members? By — a. Family conversations g. Radio b. Reading books h. Dancing lessons 0. Definite theories of child training 1. Dramatic lessons d. Social contact with stimulating j. Music lessons personalities k. Nursery school e. Sunday school 1. Other. State what f. Trips (Mark methods of first, second and third importance as well as all methodSLmei} L -19_ Economic Status I. Have you had any definite plan to improve the economic status of your family by, — a. Remodeling home e. Taking out life insurance b. Building new home f. Other c. Buying land d. Buying other property II. If you have such plans made, a. When were these plans made? 1. Before marriage 4. Married 10 - 15 yrs. 2. Married 0 - 4 yrs. 5. Married more than 15 yrs. 5. Married 5 — 9 yrs. b. By whom were these plans made? 1. Mother alone 4. All family 2. Father alone 5. Other 5. Father & mother c. Have there been any changes in your plans since making them? Yes No 1. If yes, list changes: a. b. d. Were sacrifices made to carry out the plan by 1. Mother 4.______Older daughter 2.______Father 5.______All family 5. Older son 6. Other e. Does the whole group agree with this plan? Yes No If not who does not and state reason. f. Were there any other plans considered? Yes No List —— 2: 5. g. Which plans have been actively begun? List -— l. 5. 2. 4. III. .Plans for care of family property in case of death of husband. a. Has husband made a will? Yes No b. Is property owned by husband and wife as joint tenants? Yes______No c. Is wife familiar with family business matters in order to be able to carry on in case of husband's death? Yes No d. Other limb 1- What exercises or sports do the following members of the family participate in which would improve their health? a. Mother 1. 2 b. Father 1. 2. 0. Son over 14 yrs. 1. 2. d. Daughter over 14 yrs. 1. 2. _ 20 _ C. I. Health (continued) e. Children 5. l. 4. 2. 5. II. When are members of your family examined by a doctor? a. Adult b. Children 1. When some illness develops 1. When some illness develops 2._____At regular intervals 2._____At regular intervals 5. If so, when? 5. If so, when? III. When are teeth examined by a dentist? a. Adult b. Children 1. . When toothache starts 1. When toothache starts 2. At regular intervals 2. At regular intervals 5. If so, when? 5. If so, when? IV. Has any member of the family ever used sera or vaccines to protect against diseases, as — a.______Diphtheria d. Other b.______Smallpox c. Hay fever V. Have you had any correction or elimination of defects which might be harmful to health, done to any member of the family? a.______Tonsillectomy c. Examination of eyes b. Straightening of teeth d. Other VI. Were sacrifices made in order to secure better health for all the family by the following members of the family? a. Mother e. Children b. Father f. All family c.______Older son g. Other d. Older daughter D. Spiritual Growth I. Church a. Which members of your famil — Person Hold membership in some church Contribute to b. Church attendance Person p oximat No. of times att nded Mother r II. Planning for certain types of spiritual development for the family - a. Have you bought any books during the last year, as l._____nBible 5. Poetry 5. 2.______Other religious books 4. Books on art 6. Books on music Other books b. Has the family within the last two years bought any object'for its beauty alone? Yes No _ 21 _ L II. Planning for certain types of spiritual development for the family (continued) c. Did you consider other uses for the money used for a & b? Yes No d. If yes, what were the other uses? III. Planning for the enjoyment of nature. a. Do you have a f ower garden? Yes_______.No Who plans and works in it? Ai__MQthn b. Does the family take trips to notice scenery, wild flowers, wild birds, etc.? Yes No 1. Are these trips planned especially for that purpose? Yes No 2. Who plans the trips? a. Mother d. All the family b. Father e. Children c. Mother & father f. Other L Planning for harmonious relationships in the family. I. What meals does the family have together? a. Breakfast b. Lunch or supper c.______Dinner II. a. Do you plan to have the family together other than at meal time either in or out of the house? Yes No b. Number of times the family meets other than at meal time, per month 0. What is the purpose of these meetings? l.______Serious purposes 2. Just for fun 5. Both 4. Do husband and wife plan to do things together just for fun? Yes__No___ d. If family gets together just for fun, does it spend any money to make these times more interesting? Yes No _________ III. Does the family plan for vacations together? Yes________.No a. Do you own a summer cottage? Yes__________No b. 'Do you own a trailer? Yes No 0. Do you rent either? Sometimes__________Often__________. d. If you own neither of these, are you planning to own one? Yes No IV. Who makes plans for shared leisure and vacations? a.______Mother e. Son 14 yrs; or over b.______Father f. Children c._____JMother & father together g. All family together d.______Daughter 14 yrs. or over h. Other V. Do all the members take a definite interest in theSe plans? Yes No If not, which member does not? VI. If the housewife's time is limited, in what ways does she plan to secure time for leisure with the family? __________Changing standards of housekeeping b.__________0ther members help with housework c.__________0ther F. SpaiaLLifLinJheJnmmunim 1. Participation in Organizations r a o r O. 0. CBS 00 - 00 0. C93 0. Family Member belo & committee meetings ual bel & committee meetings to memberships attended dues to memberships attendai 5 held during per month held during per mon st 2 s. t 2 3. II. Social life other than thru organizations during the past year. (Estimate as nearly as possible.) a. Adults 1. No. 2. No. 5. No. a. b. 4. No. 5. Any a. b. c. d. of guests at family meals?_________, of times adults were guests at family meals away from home? of parties given in or out of the house? Total cost of parties? Average size of parties? of parties attended? Average size of parties? ___ special purchases made for social gatherings during past year? Clothing. If so, what was total cost? House furnishings. If so, what was total cost? Gifts. If so, what was total cost? Was anything sacrificed in the budget to obtain them? Yes___No__. If yes, what? 11.. b. Children over 16 years 1. No. 2. No. 5. No. a. b. 4. No. 5. Any a. b. c. d. of guests at family meals? of times children were guests at family meals away from home? of parties given in or out of the house? Total cost of parties? Average size of parties? of parties attended? Average size of parties?________—— special purchases made for social gatherings during past year? Clothing House furnishings Gifts. If so, what was total cost? Was anything sacrificed in the budget to obtain them? Yes___NQ_—» If yes, what? c. Children under 16 ears 1. Number of gues s at family meals? 2. No. 5. No. a. b. 4. No. of times children were guests at family meals away from home?_____——* of parties given in or out of the house? Total cost of parties? Average size of parties? of parties attended? Average size of parties? 1.... II. c. - 25 _ Children under 16 yrs. (continued) 5. Any special purchases made for social gatherings during last year? a. Clothing. If so, what was total cost? b.______House furnishings. If so, what was total cost? 0. Gifts. If so, what was total cost? d. Was anything sacrificed in the budget to obtain them? Yes No If yes, what was it? Was some effort made to organize the little children into play groups of neighborhood children? Yes No a. About how much time was spent on this project? b. Was any cost involved in working out this project? About how much? l A. Total Toy Purchase by Age Level 83 Group Classification of Toys 0-5 years:5-16 years (112) : (110) Strength and skill : 131 i 135 n‘amatic and imitative play 3 129 ; 104 Social development : 122 : 85 Constructive and creative play : 52 z 44 Stimlate knowledge - aid school : 11 : 32 Artistic deveIOpment : 8 14 Scientific and mechanical : 3 g: 5 ; E Total : 455 3 419 2 A, Highest Toy Purchases 84 I. Birth to five years: 1. 2. Iblls Play house equipment Cars - trucks - tanks Stuffed animals Wagon Balls Bicycle II. Five to sixteen years: Iblls Skates Bicycle Balls Chinese Checkers Sled Games 53 28 26 26 26 23 23 43 36 26 19 19 17 85 Total (44): (as): (112) 23 2 00 00 00 00 O. 00 00 00 .0 00 0O .0 0. 0. 00 00 00 I. 0. .0 0| 0. 0| .0 0D 0. 0s 00 00 0O .0 00 0. O. 0. '0 00 CI 00 I. 0. 0. 0.0 00 0O 25 2 221 02 5 2 2 g 1.. 00 00 .0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0.0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 '0 00 00 00 00 0' .0 00 00 00 .0 00 00 00 .0 00 00 m“ 1. 1. 7. 4. 93 7. 9g 7. 1. 1. «u 1. 1. on 11 Ma sOOOOOOOOOOOO00000000000000.0000...0000:000000000e0000:00.00000000000000000.000.00.000... (35) : .Comfort:Medium: Low : Number of Times Toy Purchases Occur According to Economic Level 3 A. Birth to five years :———_ Strength and skill Toys : I. 8 no 1 2 4. 3 1 1.. 6 3 1 5 1 2 5 g 00 00 00 .0 00 00 00 00 00 00 .0 .0 00 00 00 00 '0 .0 00 00 00 00 00 00 .0 .0 .0 00 .0 00 .0 .0 00 .0 00 00 00 00 00 00 .0 00 00 00 0. Totals Jumping rcpe Rocking horse Gym set Teething ring Wheelbarrow Rubber toys Ping ppnggset Walker Bicycle Scooter Tobaggan Skis States Sled Soap set Marbles Balls Rat t1 e Baby swing Jumper Bat 86 Continued. 3 A. Number of Times Toy Purchases Occur According to Economic Level, Total (112) (35) 2 (44) 3 (33): :Comfortzuedium: Low 2 Toys: Constructive and Creative play II. 12 00 Tinker toys 00 Pounding set 22 8 11 Blocks .0 Airplane 00 Sand toys Bead set Crayons Tool set 0 00 00 00 Totals Social deveIOpment III. 53 Iblls Paper dolls .0 Chinese checkers Table and chairs 0000000 IMgon P1ay_house equipment 122 Totals 87 3 A. hmbsr of Times Toy Purchases Occur According to Economic Level, Continued :comfort :Iledium: Low : Total (1121 (35) 3 (44) 8 (33): Toys 00000000000000 00000000000000: 00000000000000: mantle and Imi tmtive plv IV. 1 1 5 1 2 3081.. 90711.. Stuffed animals Ibll buggy 1.. 1 Cars, trucks, tanks Tree tor farm equipment 0 1 00 4 Guns 22091 00000... 00000000000000.0000. 2 0000000000 ins-might 1.. 22 13 0000000000000 1101 Bell mitt 00000000000. Ii ndmill Trmim Trailer .4 a. so my 1. Comb and brush set Bmllons A. 2 000000000000 21...]. 0000000000 Mechanical toys fliovels Telephone Totals 0000000000 1 000000 2 h‘tistio V. Mon thorgmn n'um Crayons Totals 88 a 3 A. lumber of Times Toy Purchases Occur According to Economic Level. centimed :Comfort:Medium: Low : Total Toys 34.121 11 00000000000000 23 2 00000000000000.0000. l 1 00000000000000 Games Desk Typesri tor Printing set Stinlmte knowledge Pussl es 1]. 000000 Totals VI. Science and mechanics VI I. Best Totals 89 According to Economic Level, continued hmber of Times Toy Purchases Occur 3A. :Comfort:Medium: Low : 5 to 16 years Toys Total (110) : (36) : (36): 2 (:8) Strength and um I. 9 0 1.. a 1402 tis O 1. 8104 0 1. 3 1 totes 00000000000000 1.. 00000000000000 00000000000000.0000 Ardiery equipment 00 l’neelbsrrow Bells ht 00000000 19 00000000 hater Bi cycle 00 Table tennis 0000 Baton 0000 1 Battle 1 1 lerbl es —._* Constructive and creative ploy II. 1 1 657323 311 ... 1 634.321 Airplane Blocks ' Tinker toys Building 1o” work bench Peg Board. 00.0000000000000000000000 ll 00000000:000000000000000000000000 1 00.000000000000000000000 0000:0000000000000000000 Knife 3 A. hmber of Times Toy Purchases Occur According to Economic Level, contimed m) .m m) a m .. M) uw a,“ Toys Homer Scissors 1 and toys 1 0000000000000: 2121 00000000000000, 00000000000000, Crayons Totals 00 9 1 000000 Chine" checkers II I. Social development a 4 3 1 025 D110 Checkers Hagen 0000000000 31 1 Croquet Tee table Tent 85 000 Totals kinetic and imitative plq IV. 1.64.1. 1 221 4.22 03 ll 1 O 1.. 00000000000000000000000000000000 5512 33 521125 bll buggy Guns Sewing achine $11110?! Cars Trucks Engines 0000000000 2 00000000000000000000000000000000 6 00.000000000000000000000000000000 Cookirg equipment 3 A. hit of Times Toy Purchases Occur According to Economic Level. continued. Tbtel (11o) uh on» L( u) “haw 0( w... .. m \I we Toys 0000000000 0000000000 1 Rocking chair 2 3 1.. Slovel 13 00 00 4. 2 7 bein 2 1 Ring 1 2 11111 house 21 1.. 71 Stuffed animals lechsnieel toys ml 3 0e0000000000000000 2 2 Tractor Telephone Totals Al'tistic Y. 00000 Camera llusi cal instrument Paints Totals 00 Stimlste knowledge VI. 75 1 00 00000000 52 51 0000000000 72 Puzzles Games 2312 0000000000000 111. 12 00000000000000: 1.. 1. 00000000000 lotion pictures Desk Bleekboerds bpewritsr Printing set Totals 3 A. limbs- of Times Toy Purcheees Occur According to Economic Level. continued 8 3 2 8 Toys :Oomfortzltedinm: Low 8 Tom 3 (38) z (36) 8 (36): (110) x z x : 11!. Science and mechsnics : a z : e z z : Oompess : l : 3 ° 1 : z : : ReflectoscOpe : l : : z 1 : z z : Iicroscope : x z 1 : l x z x : Boat 3 x 1 8 l : 2 a z : : Totals 2 2 s 1 z 2 x 5 x x x 8 93 4 A. hmber of Times Toy Purchases Occur According to Plece of Residence. : :rern :Yillegs Town: Birth to five yeers Total (112) (36): 8(50)! (26) Toys 23 2 3 19 2 1 1 1.2 1.. 1 Strength end skill I. Walker Bicycle Scooter 1 ....::::.OOO:::::::':: 0000::00000e:00:000.0000000000: 1 :00::::::::0000::::0000 ..:::.I::OO:8...O:::::: Tobeggen an s 1 32 63 4. 1 4.2433 mtes Sled Soap set lei-bl es 1.. 1 J'uming rope 3 2 7 m1- 7 3 4. locking horse .0 1 Q]: set 17 kettle Teething ring Baby swing 45 11.. 00.0.0000...ng 21 ..:..:.':.O: 13 ':.0::.’:: Vneel'oerros But 1 g .' .0 .. .0 1 dimer 1.. Rubber toys Piniponlg set 94 :Town: : Fern :Yille :(60): According to Plece of Residence. continued. 4 1. meter of Times Toy Purchases Occur Total (112) (36): §' Toys (25 ..:...0...... II. Constructive end creative pley 1 31.. 2 71 Pounding set Tinker toys 7 3 .0 2 1 Blocks 22 21 2 Airpleme lend toys 22m453 1.. 2 Deed set Creyons :0...‘...... :2::::: 00009000000000 3 Tool set Totels ..:OOOeOeOeOeOO ‘:::.000:.O:: :::.0.0::::: ::::::.O:.D.0 Sociel development I II. 3 5 8 1 2 1 no 2 bus 2 2 Paper dolls 67 3 22 4.2 Chinese checkers Teble end chairs 26 6 5 :15 Wagon Pley house equipment 122 '0 .... 00.0.. 57 To tels Ike-etic end imitetive plsy 2 IV. 6 2 w 1 6 2 5 1.. 232 0 1 00:38.0...CCC 84.22 89 Stuffed enimels 311 11ng 1 1 Cars, trucks, tub I. 1 Tree tor 95 According to Piece of Residence. continued. 4 A. labor of Times Toy Purchases Occur : Total (112) :(36): 2 :l'ere :VillegexTon: :(50): (26) Toys Perm equipment 10 Guns no on A. .9 .1 as 1851 00000000000000:00000000000000.0000 1231.1 51.. 1 oezoeoeeeoneOeOeOegone2000eOeOeOeOe 2 l 2 00000000000000.00000.0000000000000000: 2124. 00.000000000000000 nuhngn Dell mitt Vindeill Train Treiler Bellons OeOOOeOOOeOeOO Comb end brush set lechenical toys tovel s Telephone 129 00000 00900 Totels 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 0000000000 Rustic V. Iouthorgen Dru: Creyons 00 2 Totels Stimle to knowledge VI. 00 00 00 00 00000000 00 .0 00 .0 00 00 231 000000000000 asses Desk Puzzles 4 A. lumber of Times Toy Purcheses Occur According to Plece of Residence. continued Toys 2hre2Villege2Tosn2 Total 2(60)2 (26) 2 (36) (112) 2 2 2 2 Printing set 2 2 1 2 2 1 2 2 2 2 man-12¢ 2 1 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Totels 2 7 2 3 2 1 2 11 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 VII. Science end mechanics 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Beet 2 2 2 2 1 2 3 2 2 2 2 Totels 2 2 2 2 12 3 2 2 2 2 97 Total (110) hre2Vi11ege2Tovn2 2(5092 (23) 2(37)2 According to Plece of Beeidence,continued Reba of Times Purchases Occur 4A. 3 to 1.6 years Toys 9 19 $32%91%3121w n657322 00000000000000:000000000.0000000000000000.000000000000000.0000000000000000. 00 0e 00 0e 00 00 0.0 00 0e 00 De .0 0e 00 0e Ge 00 0e .0 00 0e 0e 0e ee 00 De .0 00 0e 9e .0 90 ee 00 00 I. 00 De 0. Ge 00 0e 00 00 00 De 0e 0e 1 3 1 3 6 3 3 ..01 2 1.. 1 1 m .1 00000000000000.0000e00:0000OeOeoneOOOOOeOeOeOOOOOeOeOeOOOe00000090000000OeOeOIOOOeOOOOOeOegz 50.... 223 21 11 5224221 11 l 00000000..0.0.00..:00000000000.0000:900000000e0000000000000000000000e000000000000000000000 Totels Constructive end creetive p11! 1 m m m, . . mm m mun... M in so... e no Mar 22;: cf”: :21. mmmrzmmrm: “mi”: I. II. 98 4 A. luster of fines Purchases Occur According to Place of Residence. continued 8 War-27111330 :Tovn: Total (110) :(37): :(50): (23) Toys 2132 00.0000000000000 1.. 1 ......00...0’.0 1131 ..:...0...0:.. Bauer Scissoxs and toys Croyons 000000 '0’... Totels Social development III. 9 1 a A. 3 1 3 .....0.............. 4 9 1 2 :::::.0.0::.. 3 O .1 111 00000000000000.0000 343 11 O 1 2 ......::.....0.... mines. checkers non- Checkers “so Croquet 2 1 .0 .. .. .0 1.. 1 Tee tsble font »85 8272 17 :41 totals .0 holistic and 1131 tstive plny IV. 1 1 6 4 1 0 1.. 3 1 342135 0000000000000000000000000000000e00 1 ..:....:3::.0..:.0..:..00: 1 71.2 2 2 1.. O 1 3 6612 00000600000000.0009 Guns D11 buggy Sowing achine Soldiers Cars Trucks Engines Cooking emipnent 2 Rocking chair 99 4 A. Number of Tines Purchases Occur According to Place of Residence, continued. Total (110) (23) :(37): Tarn :Yillage :Tosn: :(50): 2 Toys 1. 000000 2 acre]. 3332172 1. 1.. :...O:::.0:......s: 5226 1.1. 0000:00000000000000000000 no 11...... :::::..:00.... ...... 51. 5 61. 00000000000000.0000: D011 house Stuffed animals lechenicol toys Telsphone Trac tor Train Ring 1.04 000000 45 To tcls Artistic V. .....0'..... 521.. 000000000000 1 1.. 00000000000 Insical instrument 2 Paints Oaaera Totals Stimla to knowledge VI. 17 5 :00:.0.0 7 0000000000 42 ..:.000.’ Pussies Gale! 2 lotion pictures Desk 1.... 0000.00... Blackboard: b‘p ewritcr Printing cot 10 :11 :11 Totals 100 4 1. Me of Times Purdiases Occur According to Place of Residence. continued. : a : : Toys :rarsflillagewosn: Total :(50): (23) :(37): (no) : z z 2 VII. Science and mechanics : z x z z z x : Golpsss : z x l : 1 t 3 : : Reflectoscope 8 8 l : z 1 t i z : licroscOpe : l : : : 1 z x x z _ Boot : z 2 2 z 2 x s 8 2 Totals 8 1 z 3 : l 8 5 x z z : 101 5 A. lumber of Tiles Toy hrchases Occur According to Parental ldncstion 2 Birth to five years : Total : (112) (8) .5 or above; (58): (34) z 8 :8 or beloex8.5 - 12:12.5 - 15:15 (12) Toys 23 13 Bi cycle Strength and skill warm I. 8000 ter 00000000000000 00000000000000 000.00.00.00 0000000000000 .0000... 1.27523 000.000.:00000000000 Toto ggan ......000000000000 Skis States Sled Soap set mbles .0 0.00.. Jusping rope Balls .0 Booking horse 0!- set 00 .0 0. 17 .0000... .00.... n1 00.0000. Teething ring Battle 0. Baby swing 0. Int 1145 'neel'barro' J‘uper 00 0e 00 00 00.0 00 Pingjong set Rubber toys ¥ 14 Totals 102 According to Parental ldncation,continned. 5 A. hnber of Times Toy Purchases Occur :(112) (8) 0 0 0 e 8 (34) (58) 8 88 or belos:8.5 - 12812.5 - 16816.5 or abovezTotal (12) Toys 2 0. 0.0.0.0. Constructive and creative play II. Tinker toys 2 2 ‘53 ......0... Pounding set Blockl Airplane and toys Bead set 3 crayons Tool set 52 16 0000.0 Totals .- 111. Social develo'onent 3 5 267 6 2 000s000e0e00000000000000 0 1.. Ella 1.. 0000 Paper dolls .0 minese checkers Table and chairs Wagon My house equipment: 8 122 10 Totals 103 5 A. lumber of Tinee Toy Purchaees Occur According to Parental “cation. continued. 88 or belee88.5 - 12812.? -)16815.5 or abovezTotal 34 2 8(112) (8) 2 8 (58) 8 (12) 3 Toys n-alatic and IV. ”a 5 1.. a 5 1.. 00.000000000000000 0000000s0000000000 3664. 5 1.. 9 3 1. 9 0.0000000000000000 .00000000000000000 8tuffed.anina1s initative play m1]. bugg Tractor 2 Turn equipment 00 m“ Guns 224.9 Flashlight Ball aitt lindni 11 Train 1.. Trailer 21.851. Balloons 8 Both and brush set .0000. .000 .0 000000 llechanical toys 00.. 00 0.0.00 000... Slovel Tel ephone 34 Totals Attistic Y. Iouthorgan Crayons Totals 104 5 A. hater of Times Toy Purchaees Occur According to Parental “cation. contimed. 8 8 8 8 8 er belos88.5 - 12812.5 - 16816.5 or above8Total Toys (122 8 (58): (34): (a) :(112) 8 8 8 11. Sti nlate knowledge 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 (lanes 8 8 3 8 8 8 3 8 8 8 8 8 Desk 8 l 8 3 8 8 8 4 8 8 8 8 8 Pussies 8 8 8 8 l 8 1 8 8 8 8 8 Tnesriter 8 l 8 l 8 8 8 2 8 8 8 8 8 Printing?!“ 8 8 8 l 8 8 1 8 8 8 8 8 Totals 8 2 8 7 8 1 8 l 8 ll 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 711. Science and aechanics 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 Boat 8 8 l 8 l 8 l 8 3 8 8 8 8 8 105 5 A. luster of Times Toy Purchases Occur According to Parental Education. contimed. 8 8 88 or halow88.5 - 12812.5 - 16816.5 or above8Tota1 T— 0 years to 8(110) (3) (26) 8 (52): (29) 8 Toys Strength and skill I. 9 9 1 $32 00.000000000000e 00000000 3 1. 1.. 3 7 1 2 3 5 tie Sled fiates Al'cha'y equipment 3 2 00:00.00... 00 00 00 00 0e 00 .0 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. .0 0. 0. 0. .. lheelharro' Bat fills 1%31 0. .0 Stooter 11 00 Bicycle Table tenni s Baton 21.. Battle 00 8135 larbl es 000e00 Totals creative pin 11. Constructive and 1.. 4.3 Airplane Blocks 0.000.000. 0000000000 0000000000 657 000a ee 0. Tinkc toys Building logo 000 00 322 1.. 1... 11 1 2 .md um :m ......“ 106 5 A. lumber of Timea Toy Purchases Occur According b Parental Education, contimed. 8(110) (s) 88 or beloe88.5 - 12812.5 - §6815.5 or above8Tota1 (29 8 8 (52) 8 2 2 (26) Toys Banner 0. Sci ssors Sand toys Crayons 10 00 .0 00 11 Totals 00 9 1.. mm 00000000.... 15 000000000. mm 59 m; .... a. mmm mm a 4. Checkers 3 1 .000 00 00 0000 0000 lagon 3 00 00 00 Croquet 2 Tea table Tent 00000. 23 000000 00000. Totals 1... 1.. 6 00000000000000 hanatic and IV. initative play 00.00 11311 buggy Sewing achine Soldiers 10 Cars 13 0. Trucks hgines 00 0 00 10 Cooking equipment 107 5 A. hmber of Tiaas Toy Purchases Occur According to Parental Mention. continued 8 8 m) m ”1 I.\ n m) 3 rl.\ O 5 e 6 .....8 0 1..) 9 .2 ( 5 e 2 .u: m) 2 .5 I\ 5 e m: ) mm ( w 8 0.0 0 1. h 1 Rocking chair .3 25 4.3 00 00 Rain filovel Bing 00 12 10 Stuffed aninals Doll house 00 Tran tor lechanical toys Tel gpho ne Totals Artistic 7. Genera 000000 23 12 000000 heical instrunent Painte 14 Totals 8 ltiaulate knowledge VI. 7.0 000000.100 .0 00 00 00 61 00000.0. 94. 00000000 00000000 Gales Puszl es Motion pictures 00 Deal: 000.000. Printin eet Typewri ter 00 32 3 Totals 5 A. haber of Times Toy Purchases Occur According to Parental Education. continued 108 8 8 or helow88.5 - 12812.5 - 16816.5 or above8Tota1 Toys 8 z (25) 8 (52) 8 (29) : (3) :(110) 8 8 8 8 8 711. Science and nechanics 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 Conpass 8 8 8 l 8 8 1 8 8 8 8 8 BeflectoscOpe 8 8 1 8 8 8 1 8 8 8 8 8 Iicroscope 8 8 1 8 8 8 l 8 8 8 8 8 Boat 8 8 2 8 8 8 2 8 8 8 8 8 Totals 8 8 4 8 1 8 8 5 8 8 8 8 8 ...... ......_._7___ v V‘ I“ ”1.: .4. e 109 (27) 8 (112) and lbrnal 8 8 of the Mother (38): (:59) 8None8lbrna18lxteneion8nxtension8 Total 8 8 8 8 6 A. Hunter of Times Toy Purchases Occur According to Hone lcononics Training Strength and.skill Toys I. firth to 5Tyears .2 no no 11 an 1. o. 92 4. .1 no 9. 1. v. 1. 1. .4 .5 .1 .2 1. 9. 1. 0 1 1 1 2 3 1 1 2 1 1 3 1 3 .o a. .o .2 a. - 1. on 1. 1. 1. no .2 1. 1. 1. 1. a. .o .2 .o no .2 1. 1. 0e 00 00 0e 0e 00 00 0e 00 00 0e 00 .0 00 0e 0e 0e 0e 0e 0e 0e 00 0e 00 0s 00 0e 00 0e 0e 00 0e so 00 00 0e 00 0e 0e .1 .4 .2 an no 1. 1. 7. .4 .o a. . ... ...... . m. n .n 2e o r .n .m 0 u .3 I z. a» u. v m a .1 c mw s a e n u. e e .1 s .o a “u m. .M .M s .u .u a. nu my h" ”u s an an kw .u a. e 1. .t e .t e m. ummmamammnmmmuuunmq 131 16 4V 8 38 8 Totals Rubber toys Ping pong set 110 z (112) 8 and. 8 Formal 8 2 (27) 8Nono8lorl¢18htonoion8htenoion8 Total (15) i 8 :(31)x (39) = lumber of Time. by Purchase. Occur According to Home Iconomico Training of the Mother. continued. 6‘. Toys 2 4. 3 3 6 1. .. .. .4 Ma 5 1 .0 .0 0o .0 00 0O .0 0.0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 .0 00 00 00 .0 00 .0 00 5 1 8 2 2 1 2 00 00 00 Do Do 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 O. 00 00 oo oo 00 00 00 00 00 0| .0 00 Do 09 00 00 00 00 Co 0. 00 O. 00 00 00 Co 1 9 1 1 2 5 4 a 1.. 90 Do 00 00 00 to 00 Do to 00 oo oo 00 00 to 00 oo 06 oo 00 00 to 09 O. O. to o. oo 00 oo 00 Do Do 00 to Go 00 00 to 5 2 8 2 2 3 a 7 1 1. 3 1 9 Q 1 1 00 Co 00 00 to Co to 00 00 Co Go Do 00 O. 00 lo 00 Do 00 00 I. to Co 00 00 oo 00 00 00 Co 00 Do 00 to 00 00 00 00 Do 1.. 7 1.. 3 1 2 3 2 2 7 7 a .I. 1 fl .. .. m 0” rr P0 .a .. ”m n .m .m .1 .u an... . ...... ...... mm emu 7% t d 1.md e mprm.m..umu mauum ceodkl o Ireonh mumnwmaaya unmuu . mmnmmnmmmu mummumm r 8 e 111 s (112) cnd Formal 8 (27) 8 8 8 8 (15) 8 8 8 8 8 8 zlonoxrormcl8htonoion8htcnsion8 1‘0th :(a): (39) According to Home Economic Training of the lather. oontimed. 6 A. lumber of i'inoo iby Purchase. Occur ”tie and Mo 17. 5652 2249121851 121.. 10 6 2 129 .0:.0.0.0.0.0.0.0:.0...0.0.0.0.0:..:.0:.0.....0::.O.C:::...0.0 34.34. 11. 112 1 13 ” 000000000020000000.0000zz:0000000000000000000...000000000000000... 4.362 31 3 1122 m .0...0.0.0.0.0::::::::.0:::.0:.0:.000:‘00....000:..:'0: 050.513.1131 3 I“ 1 :z:.0.0:.0:.0.0.0::00.0:z..:...0::.000::3::::::.0.0 938413 121 2 “ 00.0.0.0...03...000.0:.0.000':.0..:.0:00:.0.0::.0:00:00...... mm.. .1... .. .... .. .. ......“ m ...: .. :n ...... ......” .....mmmmww ......L..:::.l 112 6 A. hub" of Times Boy Purchases Occur According to Home Economic Training conti mod. of tho lot‘bor. 8llono 810ml 8 htcnoi on 8 Extonoi on: mot-.1 8 and l'ornnl 8 (27) 8 (112) (15) :(31): (39) ion Artio tic V. Ion thorgnn Crayon. ibtclo ”innate knovlodgo VI. Gone. Doll: Paulo. liypewritcl' Printing not 11 ibtalo Sci onco ad nochcnico Boot VI 1. .000 ibtolo 113 last: of Time Toy Purchaace Occur According to Home Icononic Training of he lathe, oontimod 61. 5 to 16 years 8lone8roraal8htension8htoneion8 Total and (30) 8 8 Toye 8(89) 8 (24) 0... Strength and chill I. 4 “32%91 ...0 10 362 1 Skie Sled 000000000000: tatee .0 6 2 .0'00...000...0::.0 1 Arch cry equip-ant .0...0.0.0...0.0.0'0 1.. OO‘OegooeeOeoe 1.32 000.000.00.000: 10317 1.. .0::::.0:.0:: mulbarrow Belle Bat ltootar Bicycle Tabla teanie ect Baton 8 lat tlo marblee ibtale II. constructive and 1 1 6 5 2 00.03.00. .... 1.. t: 321 00000000000000 332 creative play Airplane Blocke Tinker toye .0 7 3: Building loge 32 .000 00 00000. Work bench Peg board 114 haber of Tiaee Toy Purchaeee Occur According to Hone Economic Training of the Mother, continued 6A. 8Hone normal 8htenei on 8htenei on: To tel and Formal (17) 8 8 8 8 Toye 8 (no) 8 8 (30) :(39): (24) 1 Knife Hammer Sciesore 00000000 .2 1 Sand toye Cr 11 8178 Totale 111. Social development 19 mineee checkere a 4. 3 1 311 7 1.. Elle Checkers lagone 3 Croquet Tea table Tent 85 16 00 n'anatic and IV. ini tative play 11 00 .0 .0 00 2 0000 0000 00000000000 4‘2 Gune Doll bngg 0000 Sewing aachine Soldiere 10 Gare 115 cont 1111 ed. of the lather. 6 A. lumber of Tinee Toy Purchaeee Occur Accorditg to Hoaeloonoaic 1'raining 8Ione8l'ormal thteneion 8htene ion8 Total 0 0 8 (110) 8 and 8 8 Toma]. 8 (so) 8 (17) 8 8 “39)! (24) Toye 13 1 m 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 3 1 0000000000000 513 Cooking equip-ant Truckl hginea 1.. 0000000000 00 0000000000 0000000000000. 1 1 1 2 no 2 3 0000 1 00000000000000.0000: 3‘1. 4. 0000000000000: 14214 Booking chair Slovel 000000000000:0000000000 Train 'Oeoeeeee: Bing Doll hon ee Stuffed 81111 mi: 00 00 0000 00 Mechan ical toye Trac tor 8 Telephone 0000 Totale Artietic V. Camera 28 Iheical inetrunent Paints 14 Totale 17 5 0000000000 00 00 6 1 4. 0000000000 73 0000000000 8t imla te knowledge 71. Pnrzlee Galee 00 Motion pictures 116 6 A. lumber of Tinee Toy Parchaeee Occur According to Hone lcononic Training of the Mother, contimed 8 8 8 8 8 8lone 81'ornal 8hteneion 8lxteneion8 Total Toya 8 8 8 8 and 8 8 8 8 8 Formal 8 8(39)8 (24) 8‘ (so) 8 (17) 8 (110) 8 8 8 8 8 Deal: 8 2 8 8 8 1 8 3 8 8 8 8 8 Blackboard 8 1 8 8 8 8 l 8 8 8 8 8 merriter 8 8 1 8 1 8 8 2 8 8 8 8 8 hinting act 8 8 l 8 8 l 8 2 8 8 8 8 8 Totale 8 13 8 6 8 4 8 9 8 32 8 x 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 VII. Science and 8 8 8 8 8 nechanioe 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 Gonpaee 8 8 1 8 8 8 1 8 8 8 8 8 ReflectoecOpe 8 8 8 1 8 8 l 8 8 8 8 8 licroecope 8 8 1 8 8 8 1 8 8 8 8 8 Boat 8 1 8 1 8 8 8 2 8 8 8 ‘ 8 Totale 8 1 8 3 8 1 8 8 5 8 8 8 8 8 117 8 (112) 8 (2) 8 82- 3- 485 - 6 - 788 or nore8Tota1 (13) (68) 1 8 (29): According to l‘aaily Size 7 A. Number of Tinee Toy Purdzaeee Occur 1001'0 to ir Toye 71U1145191 23 23 131 00000000000000.000000.00000000000000000000000000000:00.0000000000000000: 0000000000000000000000000000.0000000000000000000000000000.0000:00000000000000: 11 114.3 1 32 2 12 22 :0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000.0000000000000000000:00: N3 476231.921? 143 61 80 00000000000000:00000000000000.0000.000000000000000000000000.0000...00000000000000 15 73 81 2 1... m 00000000000000.0000:00000000000000000000000000000000.000000000000000000 eet Tahl ee Tobaggan Talker Scooter statee Sled Soap eet Gy- eet Rattle Erie Teething ring Bicycle Marblee Jumping rope Balle locking horee Baby owing Bat lheelbarro' J'ulper lather toye Pi 311-.an and chill I. 118 7 A. luaber of Tiaee Toy Purchaeee Occur According to l'anily Sire, continued — 8 8 82 - 3 - 485 - 6 - 788 or more: Total 8 1 8 (29): Toye 8 (112) 8 (13) 8 (2) (63) Fe 2 1.. 2&45 000000000000 000000000000 000000000000 000000000000 00000000000000.0000000000 ... v. nu up ce m.u to. ma .w a 0 I I 4 Tinker toye Pounding eat 00 0 00 00 00 00 2 5 1... Blocka ‘. Airplane 0 1.. Sand toye 1 Bead eet Crayon: Tbol eet 62 53 3 III. Social development mlle 000000 1 Paper dolle 8 Chineee checkere Table and chaire 26 28 00000000 lagon Playhouse equipment 122 000000 Totale initative play Dmtic and IV. Stuffed animale 26 810 810 15 10 11811 bugg 26 17 6 care. trucks, tanke 119 Hunter of Tinee Toy Purchaeee Occur According to Innily Size, continued 7 A. 82 - 3 - 485 - 6 - 788 or nore8 Total 8 8 (112) (2) 8 8 8 (68) 8 (13) (29): 8 l Toye 5 1 Tractor 2 Tire equipment 0 1 10 Oune 00000000000000 2 Ilaehlight 24.91.21.851 00 00 Ball mitt lindnill 1 000000 0000 00 no 1. Train 0.0000000000000000 Balloone Oonb and.brueh eet Hechanical toye Shovele Telephone Trailer 129 13 6 78 32 8 8 Totale Artietic 7. 8 louthorgan Crayone Tbtale Sti lilate knowledge 8 VI. Gaaee Dedt Puzzlee 120 7 A. Number of Times Toy Purchaeee Ocmr According to Family Size, cmtimed 8 8 8 8 8 8 l 82-3-485-6-788 ornore: Total 321. 8 (29): (68) 8 (13) 8 ( 2) 8 (112) 8 8 8 8 8 Typewriter 8 8 1 8 1 8 8 2 8 8 8 8 8 Printing not 8 8 l 8 8 8 l 8 8 8 8 8 Totale 8 8 9 8 2 8 8 ll 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 VII. Science and 8 8 8 3 8 nechanice 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 Boat 8 8 3 8 8 8 :5 8 8 8 8 8 Totale 8 8 3 8 8 8 3 8 8 8 8 8 121 7 A. laaber of Tinee Toy Purchaeee Occur According to Family Size. continued :5 to 16 yeare Toye 82 - 3 - 485 - 6 - 788 or aore8Total 1 8 (20): 8(110) 8 (4) (12) (74) Strength and Ikill I. 9 tie 9 1.. “3 00000000000 00 000000 000000 00 12 24 00000000 Sled mtee Archery equip-ent wheelbarrow 23 Balle 00 Bat floater B icycl e ”la tennie Baton Batt le Marblee Totale II, Conetmctiye and creative plq 65 00 00 00 00 212 00 00 00 00 00 00 0 Airplane Blocks Tinka' toye 7 3 Building loge Work b ench 000000 Peg board Knife 00 00 Banner 122 7 A. number of Tinee Toy Purchaeee Occur According te Family Size. continued. 82 - 3 - 486 - 6 - 788 or nore8Total 1 8 (20): 8(110) 8 (4) (12) (74) Toye Scieeore and toye Oramne Totale Social devel cpault III. 19 10 Chineee checkere a. 4.3 1 321.. 000.000.000.000. 5 2 5 Elle .1 000e000000 mockera Wagon Croquet 00 Tea tab1e Tent Totale ini tative play n'anatic and IV; 1 1 8 1 Gune 641 00000000000000 00000000000000 4. 0000000000000 0000 0000000000 Dill buggy Sewing machine Soldiere 03 11 Care Trucke Engi nee 00 1O 00 1 8 cooking equip: out Rocking chair 123 7 A. Huber of Tina- for Purchase. Occur According to hail: 8189, continued 8 82 - 3 - 485 - 6 -788 or nonmetal 1 8 (20): (12) x (4) :(no) (74) 3'2:- Shovel 13 Train 1 Ring 2 Doll hone. Staffed animlo Mechanical toys Tractor. 1'01 cphono 8104. .000: 64 Artistic V. 275 1 00.0.0.0: 2 1 0000...... 0000.00.00 112 logical instrument- Paints canon 14 mm; 00 Stinhto knowlo ago 71. 17 14 00.00 5231.22 ...... Puzzler Ho tion pictur on Back .0 Blackboard. 00 0000 00.0.0 00.0.0 typewriter Printggg net Too... 000. 00 24 00.0.0 Totals ’7 A. home of Times Toy Purchases Occur According to Fail: Size, continued. 124 1 8 Toys 8 1 82 - 3 - 485 «- 6 - 788 or nored‘otal 8 (so): (74) 8 (12) : (4) :(110) 8 8 8 8 3 VII. Science and mechanics 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 Coupon 8 1 8 8 8 8 1 8 8 8 8 8 ReflectancOpc 8 1 8 8 8 8 1 g 3 3 g 3 licroscopo 8 1 8 8 ‘ 8 1 8 8 8 3 8 Boat 8 8 2 8 8 8 2 8 8 8 8 8 Totals 8 3 8 2 t? 8 8 5 8 8 8 8 8 8 A. Purchasing of ngschold l'urniehings by Economic Levels 5 to 16 years 5to§yenrs 8 8Los (33)8Medimn (44):Gomfort (:55) 8'1'ota1 (112)8Los (ammun- (36)8Comfort (ashram (no) Purchases d'o EHO!) H H'0 H V'H NH N 1'02 HI') H N ”Dr-8""!0N H IOIQ HHIO on H!) H vNHN H 00.000.00.000. E” a a g 3 H o 3.“: o Huuag £”“€8*” nflgmmaa 81 ipcovers Curtains Chair s Tabl e Maple furniture: Oilcloth Refrigerator Buffet Chest .0 Stove Blanket. Lamps 16 14 10 53 22 17 14 Totals 125 9 A. Purchasing of Household hrnishings According to Residence T to 16 years :ram (50):v1na59 (26):!bwn (36)8Total (nzzrm (50)8Yilla§e (23):!own (37)8Total (no) 8 8 3 ’981‘0 to Purchases 4 10 O... .0 2 4 ...... 2 4 8 13 8 5 8 4 1 8 8 2 2 2 8 8 8 7 2 Linoleum rug Rug Radio HHH N N ‘5: 838 940 d :08 .855 Dish es .000 .0 .0 SI ip covers Curtains Blanket Lamps .0 Chairs Tabl e .0 Heple furni ture: Oilcloth Chest .0 Buffet Refrigerator Electric stove 8 17 0. 16 53 17 17 19 2 'i'otals 126 127 302295.? .3 n. wH. 0H ... n N.H. NH 8 momHIOHop .Ho mHHdaoacbopd .3 o .mHHoH 8 m.mH.NH I 0.33300 .3 m noecnouum u n n . n n . . n . 9 n n n 1 mm a b “no u ”H n 8 . 5H . n ” Ensues H u u a n H . n n . H u a u H . u u n n u . epoae oHuuoeHH H n . . H H u H . n n n «33ch n n n H n n H n u n n .93 u n n n u H n H u a . c «eons n u n . u H u u u H a » uBsHomHCem » u n n u H u n u H u . common H u n u H H . 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H N H H N H H 25.3.30 H H H H H G H N H H N H H eho>ooHHHHm m H H H H H v HN H H H H H H H .338 m H H n H N H n H n H H H H N H H anonqcpan H H H H H H H w H H H H n H H £360 363» n H H H H H H H H v H H H H n H H euom H H H H H H H H H H H H cHuum OH H H H n H n H n H m H H H H H N H H H mum c H N H H H N H NH H w H H H o H N H mun saoHonHH H H H H H H H H H H HoHHHH HHHH H vaa H Hana H HHNHHHH HHNH H HHHH H Hmnv H HHHH H H Hnaaoh H H H H H Henson H H H H H and H H H H H can H H H H HsppaqceHunoaumHaoHenopunHHaauohH econ HHeaoaHnoHenoauanoHeaoannHHaaHohH one: H seesnvnpm enmemwwH oWImx H some» n on b H segue: on» no mnHunna oOHEcnoon eaom on» on noHHHeHom 3 53%??— Son-Sam Ho 23302 .4 HH 129 H H H H H H H H H H 9. H e H a H «N H n H mm H H o H nu. 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