A COST ANALYSIS OF SWINE
CQNFENEMENT BUILDENG SYSTEMS

Thesis for Hm Degree 0? M. 5.
MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY

Robert R. Burr
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tives Vere selected on the basis of eyosrenc pooularitd
CLd use old accordin; to recounendetioss o; extension ser—
vices of severe LidIJS or; oscivei sities.

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nurse 3 DLLild n;s , comoineti r fer“on- -nirsery build’u;s,
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of bUIlCiL s33 ‘etcruiLcd from tno eswects: (1) vhysicel
liLit; i0; of the ouildiu; are (E) ghvsicel possibilities Oi
tle pig.
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Le t: nty-s': alternatives and placed lLtO iC‘ smile build-
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A 005T ALALIéIS CF SHILE
carrlirgiir BLILDILG Stormis

By

Robert H. burr

Submitted to the School for Advanced Graduate Studies
of Lichig n State University of A;rioulture
cud Apcl ed Science in vortial fulfillment

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ture a d

Lethodology

The swi;:e producer should use a lo; ;ical t;1eore tica l

raneworh to nahe decisions pertaining to the objective.

H:

outline of the the01 etical decision-haiih‘ framework

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which sill be used is: (1) define the problem, (c) observe,
(3) analyse, (4) decide, (5) take action, (6) assume res-
ponsibility.

The definitions and sinptlohs of the objective are

tated rhea the p"oblem s defined. The definitions per-

("2

ain to the various structures, their se aid related ter-
ninology. Assulptions which are used as a basis for design
of the structures and the systems are stated from he view-

poirt of the agricultural engineer and th animal husbandry

specialist.

:1".

Related problems pertaini 11s to the successful des yr

of a swine confinement system are observed. The problem
areas to be discussed are: (1) the advantages and disad-
es of cor lilcieit an (2) multiple farrowing.

Q

fhe s"ioe producer Lmu t analyse each alternative buil

S II —-L.

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in; or s"°ten because rapid technolo ical gains in the fields

Hus
of agricultural en;inee ring and animal husbandry have given
the swine producer a trenendous package of
con epts of swine production. Lodern technological ad*ances

are naLin possible a revolu ion in the hog lots that will

probably equal if not excel the relative increase in corn

‘ucti n achieved fron the introduction of hybrid corn.

’0’
[.11

The analysis of the building alternatives consists
of a discussion pertaining to the following four areas
(1) agriculture engineering, (2) animal husbandry, (3) agri-
culture econonics, and (4) the hunan elenent. The use or
such an anal;tic procedure will enable the swine producer

9 fl

to exanine 11s enterprise from most 01 the relevant points.

I

The nodern swine producer 1s faced with a hos t of
decisions. There are decisions r ela tin; to en; ineerin ,
husband dry, economic and hunan problens which must be made
by the swine producer

There a1 re env; ineerin; problens relatin ‘ to use of

Later als of construction, method of design, materials

handlin: equip‘.e1t, and tie size of the buildinu.

The control of stress factors is an aninal husbandry
problem. Such st1 ess factors as temperature, draits, feed

nd water nay be controlled 121 a co;;1ne,ent systen. Such

so

tresses as overcro ding, sorting, b01edon, and psycholo-

[O

u.

l disturbances Lust a1s o be considered then selecting

g:

gic
a swine confinement svsten.

Agricultui e econ nics is concerned with the alloca-
tion of resources in the uildings and systens. Lore
specifically, attention will be directed towards a cost
conparison of all buildings and eye

is the number of hogs increase with the herd, as costs

net returns continue to level out

L21
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ontinue to r’se, an

U1

or lOVer, it becomes inei ative that the farner give serious
consideration to those costs “hich are contractual and
Vhich are non-contractual.2
The hunan eleL :ent must be conside1 ed, before a SVine
S"sten is selected. If sVine troduction is as dynamic
as has been indicate d, if great tecln- olo gical a va11ces have
been nade, if SVine production is a bu sir ess a11d not a Vay
of life, if profit is not the only goal of the farmer;
Vhere then does the sVine producer and his fanily fit i11to
this mechanized, industrialized, ccononized and specialized
picture? T11e1efore, the farne1-ust 0011si der his goals

ions, those of his fanily and others.

:4-

and sgira
These problem areas are part of the analytic proce-
dure Vh1ich Lay be used to ascertain the nost d sirable swine
building and sVine confinenent system.
The th 1et1ce l franeVorh Vill be a decision-making
process Vhich will enable the sVine yroducer to: (1) define

the problem, (2) observe, (3) analyze, (4) decide, (5) tah

une responsibility.

(ff)

action, (C) as

 

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The portion of eCOLOLio theory vii 3 presents lo i-

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production econoxics.

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Agricv thLu e pw'od‘c hi 3 economics is i'vided into no
areas: (1) Locr "cf..';eor;.r 231d (2) Licro theory. l-Licro theory
will be utilized in this thesis f r tUO reasons:

 

and Resource L“ . (LLQlQVOOEWCliffS, Lem
gall, Inc, 1):2) p. 3.

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ire fo1 evaluatiugs ire buildings and syStems.
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theor“ is used as a 73818 ior decision Legir;.
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producer's resources in sued a uenrer as to eneole he snine

producer to choose the Lost "desirable production combine-

9,
Po

ivide

(I)
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tion of inputs erd output.4 The theory i
tuo areas: (1) LiCIO static production ecororics and
(2) micro dyueuic groduction ecorcui .

Licro static production economics tnrough su01 assump—
tions es perfect krcrled e, profit Laximizeticu, satiric
maiir'zetiou, fixit; of produCt'on and ccic-mrtior functions,
and stable institutions, grovides a fourdatiou of eccnouic
corce ept e111 directio; of action in a given sit‘ation.
garageueut and decision-raking are skills iu such a tneory
oecause tLe eutrepreueur has perfeC“ uroxlcd;e aid couti ol
5.5

en outline alien pres uzooses sucn

1u0'eretiv- occause tie assuup-

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tions fail to apply to the real world.

Licro d3nanic production economics is a theor3 in
which the ri5:orous assumptions of micro static production
economics have been relaxed. The relaxation of he assump-
tions creates a theor3 in vhi 011 there is uncertaint3, un-
stable izstitutions, Clan es in technolO5‘ v and failure

1. 1. 6

to rarinize pr01it or satisfaction. The theor3 is appli-

cable to the objective because the the013 applies to the

.4

real torld in :hich the ob3 ective exis . 101nulated
:icro- d3nanic p1 oduction econonics consists of a decision—
:ahing process enablin5 the swine producer to arrive at

.L

7 The decision-making process consists

1

the ri5nt action.
of six steps: which till enable the manager to: define the
pr oblen, observe, anal3se, decide, take action, and assure

esp 1sibilit3. The first three of these six steps will

H

be used as all outline to the renainder of this thesis.

Prob lea Definiti011

Srine buildilg problens na3 be vie fed b3r various swine

 

Ci5riculture B10duct1on Loono1ics course outline Sprin5
Quarter 1961, -15 icultural EconOLics o;c, (a5 ricultural Leo-
norics Dept., Lich. 'tate Universit3, Last Lansin511ich)

1
p. a.

7"A ri5ht action or goal is an action or 5oal deter-
mined to be the best in View of the factual and normitive
beliefs involved, where 'best' neans 'that which Laxinizes
hunan inte1ests and purposes as ir Wdi ated b3'r the value
concepts involved.'" For Lore inforLLation see, G.L. John-
son and Lewis K. Zerb3, Values in the Solution of Credit
P1 oblers, (Liohi5an State Univ.: Last Lansin5, Lich., 1960)

LJ.
5.:
31‘
(D

producers 'n different va3s. A swine producer will lef
the problems of his enterprise accordin5 to his own ideals,
values and beliefs. Another swine producer in the same
circumstances till define other 1r oble1s. Cr his defini-
tion of the sane problems as the first producer La3 be ac-
cordin5 to a di'ferent set of ideals, values, and beliefs.
Caittin5 intan5ibles, rationalit3 is the onl3 oasis for
evaluatin5 each producer's definition of the proble 1.

’1

The "definition or the proolen should clarif3 the

underl3in5 ass -tptions and the particular viewpoint from

h v 'Q "-1 ‘

rhich tile problea1as iornulated. 1ne su;;_1tions of the

f3
(0

situation nus be stated fornall3 or infornall3 to periit

rational solution. 103 example, if a 114 day restation

q

tion period is used b3 another producer his Lultiple 1a“-
rowing s hedule would be quite differen‘. for this rea-
son all of the assunptions of the particular far: situa-

q

tion must be stated to insure understandin5 , _

The assunptions furn’sh r stricti one to tecluiolO53 and

econonics.

Coservc tion

10 Observe is to --"perceive, notice, and watch a

[V .‘L o ‘n «3 r‘ ' 3‘ A *9 ‘\ rs ‘\ 'u '1‘ r1 ‘ r1 . ~A " .' .‘— --, u —.\‘—‘
gueSblCl sit Ltion lOl L UlOgOpeQ solution. In ouUL

o
5
s

observation the swine producer will observe gossible alter-

native builF"u ~ and inforLation relatin: to efficient

x...h.L-uw ,

l ”o 'L-" “ '9 In . ‘P- I - 'f'. “D "4 '. l“ ' '. ' " (N'fi‘ - I -. ‘- "
use oi one uuilL L98. ILiorLLtioe places a LLLeuer in a
1-- " ~,. .24— \4-: .. -~- K -— _... -- , ‘1
Lnoulecpe siofie ioL “Lere Le Lad proceed to eLaldse an

Lu 1- . .‘ -
colaahe Ev 0.30 SL041.

n‘orLetion is classified to enable tne Stine froduc-

aoaL u H
er to acouii e relevant inforLetion in a lo icel and con-
sistent Leaner. There are tro Lethods of classifying

i; for LLtior: (1) accordir' to tyce LLL (2) by souice.

The types of iii rLatior that are 1L,citLLt to t :1e

’—

o-n

swine producer are c13551iied as $0 lows:7

[_J

(1) Existinr production Lethods -- InforLetion tLich
i

fects.farm erect ces, such as: specialization she reor-

\

’eLization of the farL.

L)
(2) Erices -- InforLetion on prices of irisuts and
outputs ill or;e:'zi11; or etei etL :r a farm.

(3) Innovations -— ILfOiLetion on new technology

u,

- - .F .‘ .,—‘ — J— 1 —‘ q, —. -' _.r.‘ .p -. CIA
hatcL cLLL.e“ tLe p‘ocuctioa i‘-ctioL.

 

 

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”GbSbClS -ch colic ieoe DLCULO-33LJ (J. L C. LGM“1
n - .o' w 1 ~ ‘ , \ T \
v0: Sprin;iielo, “Lssj, 1,,y, 3L0.

alenn L. Johns n and C oil 3. Raver &"ricul turel
, ———
InforLation cs Ln Asgect Cl ccision Lexin" Licni an
L;
‘54‘0 T . Fe '---v.? '1 .1. ~" \ ".3 J- r“ '. V“ 0 7::
ate UfllVC sity AQLLCULburG LLLeii iLent 5t tLtioL. Last

Le nsirg, Lion) iecn Lul 273, p. L .

11

(4) Lunan -- lnfornation about individuals that the
producer Lust deal tith or consider in nahin; decisions
10
about the fa1n.

(5) Institutional -- Infornation on informal or for—

J

ional

C

national, and interra

[—1
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d.
{‘3
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La groups, loca
government which nay aifect decisions in the operation and
01 eni"'tion of the far“

The sourCes of i1uornatio1lor the swine producer nay
be considered as two hin‘s: (1) comnunicative and (2) non-
COLLnunica tive.

Coniunicative infor nation is obtained from media, such
as: radio and television, conversation hith heirJDOiu, col-
lege bulletins, nachim1e 3r nna‘facturers (advertising and
technical assistance), and farn navazi11e.-.

Lon-conn11icative information is acquired through

-ers onal observation. Some of the sources connonly en-

'0

lo ed are: 43 proiects, 33A work, previous enploynent.

N)

If inforna tion is to be used in a logical and eff 1-
cient manner, the manager Lust examine the sources of in-

foruation and recognize their contribution and relation-

?01exaL,le, several weeks spent

U)
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visiting other swine enterprises, talking to university

.ertension personnel, and visitin:

U swine husbandry special-
ists, agricultural engineers, and economists may be nore
profitable than rely'ng on a nulti-product salesman to plan

the swine enterprise. Srecialization within agriculture

A
—

has furthered the difficulty of obtairin; sources of in-
fornation which coincide with the problem. For :anple,

if a farrosinr house is constructed, the swine rroducer
a H

-.

nust Visit nan: firns, some of wnicn have no concept of

.

the problem. This will involve discussions with persons
familiar with only a particular part of the entire problem.
It is left to the ne1ager to discover and obtain the

sources of information which coincide with a particular

nroblen.

Analysis

One purpose of analysis is to deternine the h‘gh—pro-
t point of a production function. The analysis further
tells the producer whether he can produce profitably and
how nuch to produce. Average costs are considered in the
analysis of profitability of a certain level of output.
Larrina coacepts are utilized in determining how such to
produce. wince this thesis is concerned with ascertaininr

the cost of vario1s building svstens, consideration will

to be presented till pertain to average cost concepts.

as a outline

U)
(D
K :J

”‘- ' “ ‘.‘ " I " ‘4‘ -"n -I ("I "' ‘1 ” 1- -.
.LnO reaSOlllllL-J i.)J.OCBE.:;eS MALCLI are u

2) deduction. Induc-

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to analysis are: (1) induc
tive and deductive reasonilg are two dilferent procedures

of analysis to which the sane rules f logic apply.

Deductive Systems as a Theory of Analysis

Deduction is defined as "reasoning from the general
to the particular or from the universa to the individual."12
Deduction requires the use of several disciplines in the
solution of problens. In analysing a swine enterprise,

those disciplines of particular, but not exclusive con-

(1) Logic and hathenatics -- application of this dis-
Cllline is necessa"; if rationality of decision is sought.

Connon sense should be included throughout this process
of deduction.
(2) Physics is necessa v for the solution of engineer-

in: problems. En;ineering i necessary for the solution

u +

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build nr corstruction, naterials

Q

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of nroblens concernin;

handlin” equipment, and heating s;

Q

cultural engineer is faniliar with the problens of the

m
'V J- -'I -- ‘2 4- a [j :
1Cs-GOSUC , O‘HoCJ-ko, 3. £- JO
1; ," ’~“-’y°. "a T1 -/\ #1 P! ‘4'1 . A ~\ 3 ~1- r7
n 110. Pro. nCOn. co;rse outline oh.clt. p.;.

.L
f“-
s

sarine producer and the solutions to those problems, he

is directly concerned with the plar m1 of a spine con-

7 ‘1 ‘1 ". 4- 1* 1" f7 .. 1‘7 "‘ 3 '.‘..' J- r" - , _‘ - A -r« ‘ aw ‘— - -
(J) Chen1stIJ, aOOquJ, a1d notand a“; nGCGSSElJ for

‘

the solution of .ninal nus ba ndr" problems. Brine husband-

rj is 0011 e“fied with the pr”c olo ice 1 and genological

_UH-L'

-. mu- ,“4— r n -'..—.
eou11enents 01 the p19.

(4) Sociology, PsyChOlO“V and Political Science are

qu’
necessary for the solution of proolens involvirfi the be-

pe Ml 11s hunanities nust also be included

1")

savior o
as they afrect the 001 cents of that ouv-

1 ..-- 4—: ”21-. . 4-1 4. - a. -1.-- --.... -.—. .- .0
nunan relat10nsh1ps aie 1nportant, he ent1e11e1eu‘ 01

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nus- a pa
social science and 110“01n 'ust as a Spine producer

(,4-

1e LLh-Ju

}—~.J

-~ -v- 4 ' ’. ~ 1. ’ w " “ J‘.“ 1", \ "fl . ,
anal ses his business in the area 01s01ence,

"‘ '1" '3 l 'L. "W '1‘ ‘ l'nl ‘F‘flt‘! T‘ J-‘\
L; 4.11 e ablOJu. DO mL..»u...v .l. 3.1-6. OJU 1.1.6 be 4.1. bile

-_J-

.. r‘ (‘1 v , r- ~.- -. -nh J'- 3 " rw '1- .. 1"“: "" ‘1 ‘ n‘fl ‘ fl ‘A
woa s and as111ations 01 the sn1ne p ouuc~ center aiound

- .. _._-_ - ‘ -- '1 1 3 .L'.
"u€f}°lSC 1us.t be anal sed.1u.u1

p
the h nan clJnert as an important lactor of op oration.

If the Sui“ “roducer ha:.ts to achieve certain poals, he
nust not let the sTine enterprise control hin. An nade-
quatel“ designed swine ysten c to the . aneQ e1 s
anxietv and 1rustrntioa.

.LW

(3) .ss0111e

I
J

discip ine oi deductive reaso nin; is ac-

counting. dinple accourtin; procedurese enable a swine

a q u n '. n V ~ w

.1- - 1-, .1. , 1 ... .1_ . . ..- -. _ 1.. - .H - ,.-. ., _. -1 .°
Eroeuce1 b0 deber111e a1; reburls, costs, ale 33011 S.
J- 12.. -1..- “ -.- . .J- .3 1. .3." ". ...'.. '1 .1

KW .—, "'1'" _r" -- ~ '9 («1 i' . 1 r ; . . 1‘1 '~' (a .
cos accou. 1111;-.4. .:. e118 debel..-l-1c.-=.UJ.01.L 01 t11e cos Lu.) 01 .111

.. J.

eatergtr ise or the cost Der uuuured Leigbt of pork produced.

Y

‘ ~" n ~~-'~ J*-‘-‘\ ,, 1~ ~ *3 -— 4-- vr 1 . ~» 4) - . v~-—~ -—m—Lr\-w
VOc CoCCOt/LA- b111, 1.3.3 160811» J 08001.18 0.1 1ave l.-.,g.01b.1110€

'- 4-"... .. _‘ -.. .. _n 3. .5 r" -. -1“! .. 3 -. ..\ ' .‘ 1‘ f‘ ' .1...'.| f... 1.
LO U148 Sl'iiLe £>LOQQLC€JL . Olin-L .LI‘eLuell-B L—C—v); Lag-e b——€ ~u\i::-Le plo-

ducer pay Lore attention to costs tlat'tere not cousidered
a fer years a;o because, today, there are more recogrized

"1‘ 'L“ t r“ a ‘1”. '1’. ,- ‘ ~ . '- -'| r" a '51" m~w '1“ "1/. .Pi I A "‘ '5. 'i . -/y
seesoes or 310uuc111Q 9011. lee 11 LJLU CUSU 01prceuct101

Lust be ascertained to urovide a basis for economic iliter-

M 4.6.1.: .1 (ha/.1 , n 1... ”(101' -1
sire U». (IA-O..- C..--LL l€v01111.1 lac‘lblOll.

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(C) Ecouoaics ”or the solution 01 proelems cor ceiiiu;
profit max—His atior is a deductive dis01pliue. A;ricul-
ture ecoroli s is coLce11ca nit: resource allocation LOO
the Lost desir ray ble coabiuatiou. Lelia; ecoaouic recommen—

1 4—4 ~-. m 3-1, '1. .°'3 71.-..-. ... 1 ,1. - ° '1 :- -- _.
dat101s es s 11e u‘.11u1L9 sIs ems -111 11M 0 ve coloa11a

‘truc—

(.1

various builcir? ersteus L tue anlS 01: tse cost
ture sreserted bv the accourtart, the -structurel require-

seats by the eL iueer, control of stress 1a0t0“3 as deter-

: “ ' _(5 ."- *h'“ ‘1“ "I‘ r " I“ ‘ f‘ 'L I‘ 5' P4
1.1L: 4.an5.1 EL ,J‘Cv 5U LO 8 hilOlG , $101.- 39"" *2. til—01.113. E) U0 QvJ-Aeg. L11»; ,

I
universe.”14

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‘ r‘! -._ o .L V. (4‘1”!
”EU L161, “l‘ZOClUQ, p.4L‘.

nductive reasoning processes for analvsis. Single
sannle ana tsis is used by swine producers to solve such
problens as: proper feed Lixture and environnental controls.
*sis is used in determining the nunber of
q -1-v~.Q «*- . rag-u '0 (_‘;",’"° "\ Q q. '2 l 1 . j," "1C
('9 Delilu Ul‘d V0 0.1. DOM—LuLJ-v 01.1.1- alt-9U.
Sindle Settle Anallsis

(“-1.3 __ cq’ '3 "n -n _I” 1 ) "'QfiT 0‘ Ql‘rcva a) '1 ‘nl 7" 1 1f 1'} _ 4'-

inc value p ouLcer nad ana use a ploy en o, accept
4 1-1,... - -_-. . 4--.. -v-\ r“ O jfiYIIV-l," t.‘ c." o F.1‘-,_ woo "fi.’, \ . (:1 in 'L-. m‘. 7") 11 11'
J.-- - Of .LeJeCULllQ L» "LJ *.-0 lieu-bu. 4-..- .LL». “.81. ll.) COLL bil-LLCA- .L
informal statistical analrsis in making zany minor,
but inyortant, decisions. Proolens such as weanin‘
or weight, breeding proCedure, rations to be fed, and en-
.1.

vironnen al control are tests that may be conducted by the

Another alternative of choice is nossible in the se-

-"'\Tn

quential analysis procedures. ine sta istican' can: (1) ac-

m

cept the hypothesis, (2) rejecb the hypothesis, or (3) con-

tinue sanplin“. The Lajor difference between sin le sanpl-

l
f..
k!

4-..?

le sampling is deternined prior to colleCtinw data.

3

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Since ‘he nuiber of swine system alternative

less, informal sequential analysis :as used in ‘eternining
which designs to us . It is necessarv to continue design-

1T

'3 I

‘-\ Jo- -4.-: Jo u'. ' II'r\ .\ —.—. a - A w.- - -- IN- ~-. u,—
cLaraCUeiisulcs an” prooleLs are 1M‘e eLte ed. Ii use onLle

proiucer is avare of the inf rnal thou process t1at he

. ‘A 1 4‘: "P\ m 1 r“ . .f" 'q . - N’j 3‘ .9
is co;ductiL and 11 L3 is aware of the liL itations or
x) ’

each procedure of ana . sis , he rill be a Ml to select the

U}

alt rnatives in a lOfiCal and rational Kenn r.

*‘Ij’f’V

DuVJ-Q C15

(J

Decision is defi1ed as - "To terninate ‘r re‘i-erin;

judgenent or settle, it inclics the cutting of debate,

nroeucer having coapletcd
x.)

«‘qfl -’~‘ '1‘ a I? 3n ‘. -.’\ N‘r“ :~**. "." /-‘ n ‘ rw J- I“,
0.18 0611:? 3119.383 0.1. one uOCLSlO-i-L1c.-1_li; 1310063853 Luge cnoose

4..-- -.-_.- ". -,.-... m1. .., 1 .o "A ..-
give “Lien is rl.nb. lLe proolen oi Lno in;

the alte na

9

when enough knowlesge is accunulated to maLe the decision

The cost of defining the problen, observing, and
analysinN 's the cost of the decision. "The value of an
accurate desis ion is deterLined by responsibility for at-
taininv and Laintainin; th aoilitr to achieve more ultiLate

. n16 ,7 L. i L a _ ~ .Ln W
has. ire smite producer has "toa'ned enou;n iniorLa-
tion for decision Lak'ng Jhen the mar inal ut ility of ac-
cura 3 equals tLe Lars nal cost of accuracy. To the m:ine

producer this neans that he shouldn't spend Lore tiLe or

 

" ‘* "' “\ r' *‘A -‘n’. ‘H '. "v -o "I' " 'L-t ~r '0 'f‘
LoneJ L gather 1U _Lio LatLOn ior a; accui ate decis i011
13:) 1‘ .1- - , ° .1. _ n I
1:08.308“, 0.000on, p. C-1‘+o

 

"" ‘ I" '0 ' I‘ 1‘“ r“. T . “.-—. ‘4‘ .7 .. ' ‘ :fl‘
4.) QQLOifiQ EJLLL‘. 00-41801A, OLJQCi-E. , 13. J).

'than the additional zorth of the i1 iormetioL.
There ai re thre areas of concern rhich a s ine produc-
er should exaniLc be fore making a decision :ertaining to

J-‘

. . 4-4 m '7- r. -- »=-A p - —--L ."1 1
tie selectioL 01 a shine cor -ii-e cLb sdsteL. (1) ee1lee

a"siii0d according to the de;ree

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'7 7“”‘1 ‘1 1 ~- “—1 3" v ‘ - "a -. "1 r- ~ ..,.. 1-" , ' x -- --...'c'~ a». "r r - L1-“ -’\ -
oi LLonledQe oi the rhine pieducci. hulmnb, Laid; aLl Lait

U‘

defined and clasSiiied the de rees of Lno lerge as: certain-

H

t3, risk, and uncertainty. Since certainty and isk per-

uncertainity is the only classification nertaininr to

Lana enent decis io11s. Uncertainity may be defined as a

degree of knozled e vLere in the probability of tredictin

an event is not Lnorn. II the nana er nrcdic

‘

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there is a profit 1. hic

t knowledge to move from a nosi—

|,__.
F5)

Oil 0

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through the acqui
tion or uncertLiLt. to a positior of risk or certainty.
as this happens, the decision is no lon er a management
decision but an acquired shill.

There are four possible actions a nLL. :er can take

:ithi11 the classificationfof uncertainty: (1) c011tinL.e

learninfi (2) forced decision, (31) inaction and (4) ir volun-

T153. If 1 e 311:1” ‘ .LLC:

Lang princitles of strategy have been foriulated

by successful Lanagers nd buSiness Len ULic ch “ill enaL le

)

. ,..-,
-‘ .

the shine producer to rake t .e r . ht ec ion. inese grin-

p.
F‘
L’)

(*4.

ciples Lertain to itsur n1, chance taking, flexibili'y,

(1')
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and Liscellaneous tre 1'es. Lang 0” the orincioles are
based on formalized theory. Others are sinle statenents
‘ to that soue ind
his desision LaLin; process. These iritcioies a-e 01 i;-
portar ce to the stin' producer because throu1n their di es-
tion me till Lore fully understand his alternatives of
stratesv in the uncertain situac on in which he Lust act.

~ ‘“- . A ' “‘1 ‘. f“- -- ' - I“ -‘~ -.'1 ’ V“:".’\ 14‘ “w 3‘ Rn . " ' -.\ -,.
Sucn gflLCi’lGS nave olarJd aL 1Lo01 ant role 1L deCidiL1

pon the ‘esign of the alternati"e bulld°r1s and the selec-
tion of th e ouildings.
Elanrinr oriLOds

Until the late 1350's swine ouildi111 systeLs corsis ted

"1,1"

of Lulti-p rpose cuildings,. single franc ur cits and/or

 

r", 1'." _A -—.o -1. “_A -0 ~- «”1, fl "3" __ -,\__r_\_f- ,l_
1(Liar R. Llld and Cur‘i s 3. oLLd, 2 war n11e0tive
gration of.Lno led1e Situa.tiors in a Theory of Lanager-
behavior " Jorrrsl of Farm EconoLi s LLIII (Febrnarv
) 9 ’ J

K's—_.. V-

, pp. 137-111.

'is :as Lched on L1L1mi ill“ tobal

_A- I
.5 A- \J

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buildiLw cost while eolvin; eone labor aId COLVeLieLce
3"ObleLS. The leLgtL of r.L was on a yea“ to y—a oasis,
depending on the corn-Lo; ratio. COLtre coual cost {in the

OWL of building a equipLeLt cost) nae LiLiL

l’ ’3
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the etiLe producer desired to guLn 1L and out" of the

have ceus ed fL1Le rs to reCOLe1der the planL’Lfi horizor of
4-H 17' c:'j‘1' o 7“." --'---r3“ hp. 0 ‘0 c~':r"°“o “"37" ‘5: V1; Q’T’C‘t 1

b—$e-Ju Hutu-nu LJJ-Ow-LML-, vC‘u'ab-bde Hlll AV 001-.L.L--e.n .La. Lad DJ eta-S

are deei“ned to last twenty to tLirt; years as oppoeee b0

a life tiLe of lit e to teL y- are for Lost pasture systeL

buildin e. LLLV smiLe J“OdUC€rS feel that although the

*fiwtv Vufidc n U1~rv°v~ new: d f +.v-
*4. d J 094... u «.v - _..cw--l-l.LLv -. .1. .LO 0 Ue‘LL

Wiftee "eaIs Li Lt be Lore realistic iL 'Lat further tech-

Lological dev elODLe1tL Hi 1 Lake tLe highly eeecialized

l
con1ireLeLt buildiL; obeelete in a relative short-period
of tiLe.

The acquisition and ealva e value of tLe eviLe COLfiLe-
Lent SVStGL shoul‘ be coneidered.13 The Li L contractual
iruvest1.eLt of tLe e .'ine COLfiP e1:ent e"eteL presents Lany

probleLe relating 50 future use of the buildings. A sriLe

 

13 For an explanation of acquisition and salvage value
see Gl Ln L. Johnson, "Some basic ErobleLe for Ecoromiets
aL' Statisticians'Arie in; fro; U.3. L;ricultural Eoliciee",
LocLeeter otLuluticLl Society; (LO’eube“ 1353) pp.13-20.

£1

producer anust be careful to build a ay
duce swine at a low enough cost and of

to enable him to stay in production.

In addition the s: ine producer must cons'de
of use of tAe buildIn;, the va 1 ce 1“ the situe
enoected trend in cost of 3Ioduction Id total

Action
D spite the ir.p0Itar_ce of ac tiozi in the 1a1

process there is a dearth of £01
theories stated gerta’n to corpora

concerns. I.o are s “AIch pertains

but are Interrelated 11th other gLases
making process are: (1) the abilit" of
through once the deciSIoI is Iade and (

of the value svsten of the nanager and

She ability of the manager to carry-out a decision,
once it is Lade, is necessary iI the goa l OI the mana;er
is to be reached. Cnce the wager deoi Ions nave been rade,
the; Lust e reorganIIed so taat they Lay be carried out
in a logical 1a1nor. It *ould oe rasteful if a swine pro-
ducer o ilt nis coni nonent bu Ml ings and then did rot

fill them when

As in other areas of conceI n, the
be recognized by the manager. A ri ht
7v defined must be ade in View of the

“'d

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the buildII

I'll

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tions and lar:

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r the rate
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22.48.1631.

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others.

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value
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cial gain or lose and (2) nraise or hastisehe‘t by ne's

.g

The assunption of “883011 sioilit;r nus t.be considered

in view OI Chat whiCh is factual and normative. The Lana; :er

not on 3 has respohsibility for deCIsions arrived at
"scientifically" but he als has "noral ooliA tion".

+Jo
I

As re than one nersoq becones 'nvolve d in the dec

~ 1 “ st consider csuot°i‘ilit3 Of all

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(3) A groug e£.sows or r’lte 1111 be bred ’n seven

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(10) Be h set rill give oirth DC at least txo litters

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1

have SLell litters shouli oe sold.

(11) Th soxs rill cone into heat five-seven days

- "L \a . -1 . h - In “1““. *1 fin - ~ -'\ ---\ A 4- ~‘ -'1 1:.
efue pier pi s ere eezei lies Ler. oLe elll hob oe blee

J
0

( 2) Tle sons mill oe Di e1 approximately treaty-seven
days after their pigs have been moaned.

(13) Fifty si“s oer p-n is “he LaIlLUL LuLber.

(14) 331 e recu reLeLts for stir e in seuare feet per
eLiLel are iLdieetei iL Teole III- 1 1L1 fable III-Z.

.fi.. .4. ,1
S SQlCEuew

|,..'.

r: 7'." -n ‘7 1.1‘ .. -0 ...~ ,1. - 1r _ J— r - - - u
(1;) 11o Lumoer oi ;iws per “auc‘lA; cu

in Table III-3.

(
(

(1C) Feeder holes rec quiz ed D; weifh* of U 7 &“o L3-

dieeted iL Table III-4.

pm

I (~- '1

Table III-1

”5-1 - e ., - ML 4.“ :4.“
bgaee LLCL1rLL Lt: 1o: 1::1ous- e1 US 01 onlLe
in oquare Leet per LL1LLl~

 

 

?i; “eight JLeloeed ” CELL 51¢; _
Luilding COLCrete Lot SLelte“

1’10 LO :LO

}_1
(J
U"!
U 1
k 1

f\

K20 to 120

I,_J
C
C;
O '1
1»

H
(1
C!“
(h
0

120 to 150.

’LJ
C 1

" ' ,- (“-l‘ ’7 /‘
1LC to Lea * 1O 00 ,e

""1

8'Source: T

.L fiazen erd D.n. Len ;old, "F fictional eLd
ie Requirement

 

Bee 8 of Erin Housing,“ ““rfieul purel J:"llCC"
1;; Vol. 41, Lo. 9 (SepteLoer, 1900), p. 5:0.

bFrom, Ld Liller, Charles Beer L1 1d Robert Laddex, A
low Production Program for LiehijLn lerLers, (LieLi’en
State University 1.3. 10.1, Juld, 19o0), p. 23. (Published
Lineograph.)

“1.12): L) C

---

)-
.L

’ l
Lr

,—
b-\

O to 7J

—-<u-.-o--. '

 

[_o ,. o -.‘_\
l“) .4 8:]. _:_;.L

Table

" T ’;
_..I..."l_

-1 _r_. ".‘l -.f-. ..~--
.L 04. "-~_;;

‘

t luzber of

————-—.-.--..-.——....v.cv “-n—--.o-

-.---—‘— .3 h..-

 

 

._~—‘ '\ 0
“er fmn 7W“"
l/ ’ J. .A—$a-.‘L.-—.L~

"" W‘.——.—-m _.. --U-‘-o—.“ “__-

r---~ 0
_) knelt“

 

—‘ u—.—.— m—“*--.-.— —-— _-.--_..———.-- -,-._H-...- - --.~—-—--—...o or“...—

Figs/Cup

-~‘u“m—~o.—~_*-‘ .—-- -'~-

Cs. :1 . --. ‘ o 1‘. -“ _ -- . . -' 1 .
goerce: Ad ”lLlcr, Cgarles pee: aLd hobert_haeee;,
:'- -. r: U -5 :1 1 J-:1 ‘n -':"*"I -"f’\r“’? 4'? - —-‘1 h". "h't" («w-57 -r‘\r~1 I AT“. "‘l 1
:L“..- “v. LLC‘ 1.; U¢O¢L .LO¥_... 9.1..- _..01‘ --._v--lhe...... ...LA.J.»-€.LLJ 01.]. LO 0
I -- J..- -'.---V-H- -‘-.-,-_- ---—--.;'-T~~fi-t-- _ . - V I ‘ 'w:‘--.-A ‘— ." I. ‘ nA-u‘..-’—
\‘Julu' 1’ Lb‘.) , ’4‘. 19‘. (41.10—th1‘-0; QJ-lA—a--‘\;‘UVJ—‘CL;1AL.)

Feeder Cpen

”.Q D.-. _.- .— --»-- .—- -—--

"*n-._O- “-u. _‘w-W-‘-~*‘I- .o- --

Eij “81°:

F:
|

able III-3

.
1““e
-‘ ‘-

A. 5—;

—- _—

.D

O.L

J-

7L;

‘

LuLber

Required 33 height of Elf“

- .- ‘r -G- -. ."--.- .-.._---—w-u-...~ -—-0~—~-- “-0-. ’2‘ ~..—- -~.~——..-r.v.-.-‘-— a...

_A- ~‘ .

I13: Belf red/gole

 

 

 

_.1 — —-—____._ ‘-.-__. — -.-~_. .—
,'l ‘ _ Fit- 9
‘rC to W ll.) "
P75" 4- (‘3' fl ,7
y, yo 1a.; 1.0 /
,‘;p-- ‘ _ '1— I
1L) to “a"get w
—~—-_.'__ _— __ A -ww—O' —— -m
'7‘ '7‘ 9’ ‘fl 1 '. "v‘~ I x r‘ -‘ I v 4‘ , ‘-‘
-' - . .-~ ~L:""I r‘.‘ u u , ' -'~ - ~ i.1 I “(‘bl-‘ "'1 _r. M ‘ -' 7 3: r-~r\‘,’ " r~ 7"- ~(~. \‘tfi T "
-‘- ~C . .sa.C\,~L.C-C.4LO—L‘ L10 .5L..L..- 4.0.1. .L-LCL...L C~;.— .h-Iu-‘o‘OI-GJ—LJ, .LQJ. _..O.
b». In-T ~.- 0 .- - .. .\ 0‘ - h... .. - o..- .--- .fl‘u .— — -‘.~-.---s...-~-:.-p -.-—-bn -- -A- ”:"-.~\—'- .
~ ', x. 1' I \ —v ‘ I —. —- ~ . ‘ ’ "1 ~‘ ’ , fi . ‘ \
(dill ’ 1, LJ), 43. cu. \JJUJJlLiyil‘J ;‘.1.;-.€:O‘_...C~IU;..)

””‘----.a .‘h‘n- H --———.-

Assu.u'p tions of i'riculturei an incer n3

(1) The desi n Linter ten*o:ab1re of ~10

\)

’7!

all buildings.‘

PJ-
‘-.
. J

(2) 190° rat is circulated through all not water

(0
H

Hall oanels. The nuiber of.feet of panel det mines the

(\Wr “ "'1‘ -'3:I“I--' q 1 V "I
naiinun bio s per noui.

(3) BTC's r: die ted from the rater bipe is not figured

p)
(D
p)
p.
94
O
Q;
"J
‘J
(D
{J
d
O

(4) Hot rater in floor is efiuleted at a La:: m n of

(5) lo bedding is figured to be on any floor 1aving
a heating system. f beddi13 is used on a floor having

a heating system, the floor temperature would be sligl tly

(b) There are two inches of fiber-glass insulatior
in the framexalls and ceiling of ever? insulated building.
(7) he concrete blocks are irsulated nitn an expanded
naterial in every buildinr in vhich the environment is
controlled.
(8) Th re is one irch of insulation under the con001ete

1

floors of the insulated buildings.

(3) There is eighteen inches of insulatior around

 

P
H. -.,W °wn - _.3 44.: ,fl '*..-,'.L r a. H ;_ ,--° 11.,
4 “1.111383? Climatic Colidi bl. lip-U11]. ted states , 399.3111,
‘entrl ti SAM§;T Qpnditionin; ‘uldqwlng, filth Ldition
‘ A.e1:* can society oi nesting, Refrigerating and

. .L :
. ' CI“ rfi c 1 .1 J— -. IA . ~51. '-4 q - ," —:\
11 com“. tlo 111-..; 1-,-inee s Inc . ) , 1o,- .

'Q 3

insulated ouildinfis.

(10) All enclosed buildinfis have a olastic nOlsture

barrier un or the concrete floor.

(11) Gil-fired.boilers are usev

1.. t: .1 -_ - ,1
, ~. 0 ."" V: (7‘ ’3 .
a LACU: J-‘_‘ .‘ SUI D.) Libs“.

_l
1')

all buildings

m~
kJo
;

Table III-4.

Temperature Levels or Leased nuillings

havinf

 

 

 

 

 

 

Type of Buil ing Lininuna d Laxinun Temp Temp Differences
"\ O 0 ~ 0 "r A ~1— ‘ ' o ;‘
rinisn‘ng nouse -1c° b0 50 00
. r -, .- o A)
nursery nouse -100 to 70 oOO
-o o I —| H 1 O V \ O — 0
Combination rid; -10 to o” 93
.F‘ .- :- . -.— O .1. O 1”.-
rarromlng no‘se -10 b0 b; ,p0
- . u 9 ~ u‘ 1 - J- \_‘ " {"4 — D
Farrow-to—ririsi le; -1LO b0 g0 y,0
-100 to 700 8000
-1oO to 500 6000
a See assumption 1, page 30 of this theses.k0utd00r 38¢?-

0

Lursery period

Farrowing period only

0"" '1 1r

.LJs-a-J

d Finishing period on y

Table III-5

Heat Production of Stinea

 

 

 

 

Size of Hog BTU's Produced Per Hour
1 day old 33
10 lb ' 200
50 lb ‘ 375
100 lb 520
150 lb 675
200 lb 800

aH.E. nitchell and h.A.R. Kelley, ”finergj Requirements

of Swine and Estimates of Heat Production and Gaseous LX-
change for use in Planning Ventilation of Hog_houses,"
Journal of Agriculture Research, Vol. 5c, 1936, pp.811-829.

Table III-6

Ventilation Rates Used in Determining
Environmental Controls

 

 

 

 

 

Pig height ”inter Summer
*rr or/nr cgi Ub/fir
Sow & One Day 20 16,2“0 130 9,000

Old Litter

‘N‘
[\3
O
[‘0
m

50 lb pig 1,220

F0
0
O

150 lb p1; 10b 600 12,000

 

'—_ .____

aSource: 3d Liller, Charles beer, and Robert ladder,
A hog Production Program for hichigan Farmers, (Lichigan
State University, 1.3. lo. 1, July 1960) p. 23-26. (Pub-
lished Lincograph)

b1O CPL was used instead of the 20 CPL reconnended
in the above source through reconsideration of swine
ventilation requirements.

:4

Table III-7

"\—- -
3.41118

buildinjs

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Type of Buildinf “inter Sunncr
Farrovinj Jouse ZOO CFn 1,560 CI“
.ursery 'nildin’ 700 CI“ 1,703 all
Conbinati n Parr x-iurs~rg 7;O “is 2,CCC Cf;
Tin’sh14? ;uilp.;3 ;,200 0:; £4,000 31;
iarr T-to-;i;isn n11; £00— ,50 GEL 1,5CO—1E,QQQ C3-
Lthz

Ventilation rates in cubic feet per i nute were deter-
nined by takin, the ventilation rate per 0 j tines the nunber

" T 7'

I
" ..

« -. .. °-,. a A 23-.-. uJ-I. .«4-3 -, - r
O... 134.; D 1;. 3. Lil/”L. JLLLL . V 8;; hilt» ULOL’I T8 t6
‘ -. W“ ‘5 1-. . 1v- . 5" - 1' '1- 4-: ‘.f’+ ‘. V
ouildl n, tanes into acco n. b we e-.. trenes

of use.

farron-to— inisn
all conditions

r-»~ .-.
0--.;LI 2.1.4-1. IJ

C_EELVLTICL

Introdu tion
Observation of the sources by type of information will
enable the sxine producer to determine the advantages and
disadve nte 3es of confinenent swine production.

The comnunicative and non-communicative sources of
info rnetion enable the swine producer to observe confine-
nent and 1a tiple farrouinj. The types of infornation
thich are rele ant are: information on enistin3 production
methods and information on innovations.

in inforL7.ative discussion of nultiple farrowin: and
its relationship to Hi e build in3s will also be presented.
This information is necessary to determine he most desir-

able swine system.

Advantages of Confinement Shine Production

 

ingress e in Prgfipg, -- In some enterprises it has
been observed that an increase in oarital Lay result in

a very substantial decrease in labor and land reouiren ents

and at the sane time inc; ease output, thereby increasing

V ll Etilization of_nvaile ble igsgurges. -- Land 33? be

-
- “my... .u.

 

 

 

too valuable to be used as swine pasture.

Formulation of present da growing-finisni“3 rations

as nade pasture unnecessa*y.‘ Lore efficient use of labor

-

-4
.1

and capital is possible. Profit may also be increased be-

cause of a reduction n feed cost per pi; due to environ-

; ntal control.

gggguppnjrol_pver stress fa opprg. -- Therefore, the

 

quality of edible pork is inproved. Under present product
pricing systeL s there is little incentive to increase the
quality of the animal, so profits night not increase enough
to justify spendin3 apital for this purpose. 3y controll-
ing tenperature, humidity and draft it is possible to
increase profits and reduce risk.

Less“ abor. -- lany of tne advantages center around

w fin...

an ability to des'3n into the buildinis convenien es Knicn

<‘l

:ill ease labor require; ents. The farm operator nay de-

.4

sire to naintain the same output but work fewer hours or

the basis for justification may be to increase output, while

changing working conditions to controlled environL1ental

conditiOns. i.e, eliminate such unpleasant tasks as
1aulin3 water, and removin3 ice from frozen waterers.

Dis egse control. -- The development of Specific Patho-

 

en Disease Free Swine has made disease control possible

CI?)

|'—J

in a confinenen system. SP swine may perform better in

a confinement svstem than a pa sture system because the s1.ine

Ud .-

1

producer could keep h pigs from coming into contact with

diseased pigs, other livestock or rodents.

Subjective Advantases. -- A well desi31ed confinement

 

system may add to the beauty of the farn1stead. Presti3e
attached with being the first in the neighborhood to have

a new method of swine production.

bisadvantaLes.oi the Confinement Swine Production

Hip h Investnents. -- The hi ;h initial inves trent is

 

one of the biggest deterents to the construction of a
.Lq~
wan-

swine confinement. SIS

Dispa se Control. -- Even with SEE‘ swine, disease is

 

fi‘

s ill a critical problem. Sanitation practices must be

‘I

dili3ent y carried out if nerd Ewe lth is to be naintair.ed.

3

Excellent Lanare“ent. -- The level of nana3enent abili-
ty is increased with a hi3hly efficient swine confinement
s3s ten. There are usually more pigs, more records, and
nore costs. Little problems canndt be over-looked for
they may be the ones that add up to great financial loss.
Swine confinement production is not a way of life; it is
a business.

hultiple farrowing becomes necessary to justify build-
in3 cost. A multiple farrowin3 proL3 ram requires expert
nana33 ement and 113 s tLe inherent disadvantage of year-around
marketing whether the price is mi h or low.

EgpblenLStress E ctors. -- There are certain stress

91

factors such as tail- biting, bullying and psychological

disturbances which become problems in swine confinement

production.

hultiple Farrowin3

Another major area of discussion that must be included
in the observation process is multiple farrowiig. The
high cost of specialized structures in which to confine
swine has forced many producers to keep their buildin3s
full of swine throu3h-out the year. The more swine that
are produced in a given building system, theilOLer the 00st of
housing per pig. The desire to increase output without
increasing peak labor requirements has also made farmers
consider multiple farrowing.

host swine producers desire to have their herd farrow
in groups in which no farrowing period would last longer
than two weeks, thereby makin3 it possible for the manager
to concentrate his labor on the swine enterprise for a
short period of time and allow him control over his breedin3
herd. Since artificial insemination is not yet developed,
concentrated boar power on sow which mill have their heat
period within a peek seems to be the best procedure to use
to breed a group of sons so that they will farrow within
a two week period.

As mentioned the sows are maintained in 3roups, each

group farrow’r3 twice a year. The swine farm is an assen-

“v13

bly lin wherein each sow and each 3roup has a number.

_F, r \1

J :7

(“A n urn-3‘ I'V'_1
Wald-nu; U

Cycle

ESLir-—+rh3 ukifé 16 wk
l4 Ln

ast Pig in group I

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

-ar- All To To
owe Leaned 11:1shi13 Larket
r Jirst ii: in roup
Chart IV-1 presents the assunntions regarding the grozth

of tbe pi; from birth until Larketed. The chart is based
on assumptions made in Chapter 2. A five week mean Leaning
age is used in this example, with deviations of one week

on either side.

Chart IV-2

r.
“‘0

Th~ So-

Cycle

1st 2nd
heat Heat

 

 

é-k— 21 ‘ 11+ days ’4
lfllll IITJIIIM

5-7 23-30 134-148

 

 

 

Ereedinr Larrowing

Period Feriod

Chart IV-E uresents the physical linitations of the

_L I

on. The chart states that the group of sows 1s bred during

U)

their second heat period after Leaning, sone producers nay

,

desire to zait another t enty-one days o fore breeding. The

(D

H

sow will usually have nore pi3s if another tuenty one day:
is allowed, but the cost of feedin3 the sows may offset the
additional advantage.

The sow cycle is of grave importance in that it deter-

(‘

mines the efiiciency of the saine system. If the sow cycles

building mill be as planned.
The total nunber of dETS recuired from weaning of the
first litter to the birth of the hen litter is 141 days

(Chart IV-B. 6 days plus 21 days plus 114 days equals 1“1

,
r-V" ‘
days).

Table IV-1

 

 

 

 

She affect of Meaning Age on the Total
Lunbor of lays Betteen Littersa

Length of meaning bean to Lumber of Total
period Farrow in days in weaning number

days period of days
two Weeks 141 14 155
three weeks 141 21 162
four weeks 141 28 169
five weeks 141 35 176
six weeks 141 42 183

aAll pigs in th group are weaned on the same day
to allow the cycle to start over Lith sons of same heat
period.

Charts 2,3,4 and 5 in appendix A, present the physi-
cal possibilities of the sow if the pigs are weaned at

1

three teens, four weeks, five weeks and six weeks of age.
The swine producer has only to choose the number of groups
he feels he can manage and the weaning age he feels to be
desirable.

Once the weaning age and the number of groups is se-
lected, it is possible for the swine producer to determine
a farrowing schedule. I

The only problem of multiple farrow’n; remaining is

to fit the multiple farrowing scheme to a building system.

If one week is necessary for a clean up period and flexi-
bility, the possible use of the various buildings is as
presented in Chart 1 of Appendix A.

Upon examination of the physical limitations of the
buildings it can be seen that certain building designs pre-
sent bottle-necks in the system. A combination farrow-
nursery building can not handle more than four litters
per year. A farrow-to-finish building can handle only
two litters per year if the pigs are weaned at a age of
six weeks. A farrowing house can be used up to twelve
times a year if tno nursery units are built. The nursery
can be used up to ten times a year with one farrowing house
before cleaning restrictions overload the building. The
finishing building should be designed to handle the output
of the farrowing house, combination farrov-nursery, or

nursery building that is erected.

CHAPTER V

Introduction

The analysis is an ex mination of Stine buildings and
swine confinement systens according to the theoretical
framework as presented in Chapter II. Thirteen plans com-
posed of twenty—six cases have been analysed. The plans
and cases were selected within the framework of inductive
analysis as presented in Chapter II. The plans and cases
are presented in the following groups: farrowing buildings;
farrow-to-finish building; combination farron-nursery
buildings; nursery buildings; Open finishing shed, uncover-
ed feed floor; open finishing shed, covered feed floor and
enclosed finishing buildings.

The buildings are analysed from three deductive areas
of concern: (1) agriculture engineering, (2) animal hus-
bandry, and (3) agriculture economics.

Agricultural engineering objectively analyses the
buildings from the following problem areas:

( ) nunber of pigs in the building

( ) size of the building

(*) layout of floor plans

( ) employment of efficient equipment
( ) location of the building

The objective analysis tithin the framework of animal

2.14

husbandry Illl ertain to the follox.i13 stress factors

(1) environmental controls
(2) sanitation

(5) disease

(4) water

(5) feed

The objective analysis by agriculture economics till
be concerned with the follosing points:

Construction cost

Equipnent cost

heating nd velltilation system cost
Cost cor parison of the cases and plans
of one type of building

Cost of the controlled environment in
vie: of improved snine growth rates an
feed efficiency

(6) Eleiibility of the building

AAA“
,pbl [\j _s
V VVVV

A
U!

1 n

The examination of Sffifle systems as deternined iron
the building alternatives is presented in Chapter VI.

There are four s. ine systems nhiCh are analy sed from
the following areas: (1) agricultural engineering, (2) ani-
nal husband"y, and (3) agriculture economics.

an analysis of the stine systems by agricultural en-

gineering consists of the followin: points:

A
._L

lumber of buildings and their function

in the amine system

niii0ie1 of the buildings as a sys-

tem

Use of conmon equipnent between buildin s
Eossibility of combining buildings

4‘: \J‘

A A A
I |\_‘7
VV V V

The objective aha ys1 of snin systems by the ani-
sal hus an ry field consist of a discussion of the stresses

of the various systems upon the pigs.

nfiricultural econonics objectively analyses the

[Li
‘J

systens according: to the follorinjl :oin s:

)

(1) C ost of the buildings in the stine

(2) Zéwcegl the buildin5s accordin; to level
of use
3 e conclusions of the chapter COLLiLt cl 2 cost so —
garison of the various suire systens. consideration of
the hunan eleLcnt rill also be included in the conclusion.

persons to ascertain the Lost "deSirable" Stine stten.
Lasis for Co aris on

It is necessary to design buildings which are con-
paraole and realis 10 in a study of this nature. Luch tine
has been snent in des'gning the buildings so tha they
.;ould reflect Ql_l£l€“C due to design. for example,
wooden pens an“ fencing were used in all buildings Lhen
it night be more desirable to use steel in some ca ses as

a building naterial. The follovin; features Here incor-

)

porated into the 15 plans and trentg-six cases:

ri ials of construction are connon

tructures.

(2) r"he pne ent in all structures is made by
the he COIlipallfy.

(3) The hea tin: and ventilation sttens ut
the same thes of boiler, fuel, ventil
fans, and etc.

(4) ”he materials of construction perform the
same function.

(1) The
to a

; C3 H to
C d'

(0 (D F’ H
I'“ U G)

(‘3

1112
atill:

1Exception -- manure augers tore es tiLated W one com-

pany, Lhile manure shuttle :s troke cleaners . ere e stiL ated
U

by another conpany.

The buildings are realistic in that they incorporate
features and desi;n practices rhich are recognized and
used by farmers in the midwest.

The following list delineates the materials which were
used in all structures:

(1) There is an eight inch concrete block wall four
feet high on all enclosed walls of the buildings

(2) Fram- Jalls aoove the concre be Irall are tro by
four construction with 2;/3 2 inch izpre gnated Hall board
covered with corrugated steel.

(3) Ceilings are six and on-half feet above the floor.

(4) Trusses are used in all designs except the open

shed. (plan 12).2
M) :0 inches of wall insulation is used in the

framewall and ceiling of all heated build iIn .

(6) Four inch reinforced concrete floors are used
in all buildings.

(7) There is a moisture barrier under all floors nhich
are heated by pigs or a heating system.

(3) fiooden partitions, farroving stalls and farroving

crates a1 e comion to their appropriate des ig n.

‘

(9) nll of the feeders are manufactured by th sane

c"'Glue and fail Truss Design" (plan no. 705-01-74),
taken from Agricultural Engineering College, Lichigan
State University, East Lansing, Lichigan.

(10) All of the feed handling equipment is manufactur-

ed by the sane company.

(11) 'v0 types of manure handlir3 equipment is neces-
sary. "here the manure is handled as a semi-solid or liquid

a auger is used. ”hen lar e quantitie es of strawbedding are

K)!

used a shuttle stroL e cleaner is used.

(12) All of the heating systems are oil-fired boilers.

Description of the Buildings, General
There are tiirteen plans composed of ttenty-six cases.
The plans are identified by nuzbers 1-13 (see R~pendix B .
The plans point out variations in floor design of each type
of buildin3. The cases are identified by letters i-Z (see
Appendix 3). The cases present variations of equipment
and heatin3 syste::s within a plan. The plans and cases

are composed of the following types of buildin3s:

(1) Eairov-to- finis h buildin3 (Plan 1, Case A)

(2) EarrO"in3 buildings (Plans & 3, Cases 3-3)

(3) Cozoin ation farrov-nursery building; s(Elans
4 d 5, Cases 1-1)

(4) Eur rsery buildin3s (Plans 6 d 7, Cases J-l'.)

(5) fin1sxih buildin gs (Plans 6-13, Cases C-Z)

 

‘All estimates of equipnent vere made by representa-
tives of the Arerican Ilanter Company' , Burr Oak, Lichigan
and of the J2 mes Lanufacturing Company, Fort Atzinson,
"isconsin. The prices quoted are E05 and are subject to
chan3e without notice.

4All estimates of heatin: systems were up de by Lr.
Don Runnel of the Lichle Heating & Elunbing oonpany, Sagi-
aw Lichigan. All prices are EOE Sag'naw and are subject
to change without notice.

4?.

\_,I

0 a

The farron-to-finiSh building is desi3ned to care for
pi3s from birth to market. In theory, the pig will not
leave the pen it is born in until it is ready to 30 to nar-
ket. The building must incorporate features which are neces-
sary to care for the p13 from birth.to market. The buildin;
has ten pens which hold ten sons and their litters.

The farroring buildin3s provide an environment for
the birth and care of young pi3s. Ten farroning crates
are capable of holding ten sows and their litters. The
building is usually used six to seven weeks per group
farrowed. The period of use varies greatly accordin; to

the weaning practice, and efficiency with which the build-

9.

ing is use .

The combination farrow-nursery is designed to care
for pigs from the time they are farrowed until they are
ready for the finishi13 shed (approx. 40 lbs.) The build-
in3 presented has ten pens which will hold ten sons and
their litters.

The rursery buildin3s are used with a farrowin3 house
to provide a controlled environment for the pigs until they
weigh enou3h to be placed in the finishin3 building. The
buildings presented have five pens which will hold ten sons
and their litters. The buildings are designed for attach-
ment to a farroving house, herefore a rash area for scrub-
bing sons is provided.

The finishinr~ build’n3s are composed of three types

C)

2+:

of structures: (1) open shed, uncovered feed floor,

(T) Open shed, covered feed floor, and (3) enclosed build-
'n33. The three buildin3s provide different environmental
controls. There is nuch controversy between spine producers
as to how much control is necessary. This thesis doesn't

attempt to answer the prob en; but it does deternine the

cost of controlind the environnent in the three types of

. D

7 ...

buildings. The buildin3s are desi3ned to handle the output
of the farrowin; house, nursery, and conbination farrow-

nursery.

parrow-to-FiLiSh huildin3

This structure is designed to raise swine from birth
to market without removin3 he pig from the pen until he
reaches market tei3ht. The buildirfi is desifined nuch lik
the combination farror-nursery buildin3s (Plan 4), except
that the pens have been made lar3er to accomodate the

s at market veight. If eiqh pijs are raised per

\-

’(‘3
Ho

,2

litter-then eighty square feet per pen is needed (Table III"1)-

‘ince autonation seens highly desirable for the finish-

(0

in3 p 3s (40 lbs - 220 lbs.) only one automated alternative

}
{D
U)
(D
U)
cl"
P.
r 1
£0
(‘1‘
( U
Q;
0

of this buildin-

Since the buildin3 is designed to take care of pigs

fron bii th to La; lcet, tenperature, hunidity and draft con-
trols are built for every age and Lei3ht of smine.
fore ventilation doors have been built in to the f“an wall

for sunner coolin3. In addition, a tine-clock op ated

sarav systen cools the pigs durin; summer months. Cne cir-

cuit of hot rater pipe are inbedded two inches belon the

U1

circuit supplies heat throuyh'uall panels.

Each pen he s a double slooed floor; this feature is
essermt al for controlin3 taste nhen feedin3 the so; in
the crate. ”to au3ers carry the manure out of the build-

—-‘

in3. hater is provided autonatically in all pens. reed

Po
{‘3
5:
cf.
0
Y
93
c+
H.
o
S
l...]
[_J

dispensed to each crate by a feed dis-

penser ahich rerulates the feed to ea h son in tro pound

s, except the sons, in the build in3 are the

up because the youn3 pi_s are the sane a3e. The opera tor
and the breedin3 herd are the principal sources of dis-
ease in this structure. If the breedin3 herd is clean,

‘ vs -'- -. ~- * --i q . rv ~ ~" r-q . 1's (—~~ r-‘N‘ . J-rs 'r' ~~ m 4-- ya
the hahaoer can control disease by usihQ sanitai" pract ces

O
Loononic Aspects
“his buildi113 cos ts 910,590.07. It mill handle 1:0
pigs per year; 1eieiore the buildin3 cost of production -er

~re. Therefore, there is a minimum of bactei ia build-

? 1.15

(3‘1

is Q L.CC. This structure has the hijiest cost per pi:

produced of any considered it this study. The ircf"icie1t
use of such equipment as farrowin; 01: .tes , cooliu3 systems,
feed dispc11sers, 1e ati11‘3 systeu, ventilation equipsent and

augers causes the higher cost per pi: 31

The buildinj is hot ed to

i

U. C

,re reared until a month before

4“.
Lu.

oduced.

'.‘.-,1 -1. 4-1 4-! w
3.1.0-1. bile 1114-9

1ey 30 to uarhet

the excess dumber o- squar icet varfs f:om 4b0 sozarc
feet to 1CD souare feet. This study did Lot erasine the
variable cost of production; therefore, there may be some
hr: (1 '1 'n 1... P4 3 71 F- _‘ "H 17"‘hl'l‘: O‘- 1’: ""3 “Lo q -"r‘~_" 7" ’ ‘1. .1 .11
MU Vac-.. [JLA-kJe D .L..- .— CCU. 001-5.) a..--_; VJ. C4”... ‘5 .LC «U'Q OI L-’_Cvl‘fi h _..-4. C..- ..
offset the iLCIET"Gd i‘ixei cost of production.

~-.‘ " . “a h H.‘ ~ ’. r.‘ .. '1‘ . ‘
rarromiu, iuild1h3

d
(1 (TWA

_.l.
Akui’ec US

Ehjineeriug

1":-

Four cosbira tiohs

analmr ed. Plan 2 (see App ha x s) is the

aisle a terhative.

n H _.." 1 '5' r ~ ‘fi m 7" ‘ 'v' r 1 1 ‘

ease 2 has 1eed au;e s aha a1u1e augers
Case C has an outside platform ‘0“ feeding
the sows. Elah J was icsi sed to ascertain

C) are hot ra

to reduce

and function mere

popular sinql

labor.

O
"Yc ‘1 -1. r»
..ate 111;

M.)

the cost of a

doub e .is building which uses equipuent efficier -tl;.
The t"o cas s a11alvsed are at autouatic alte13ative (case_“)
and a xaLual alter1ative (case 3).

A 1 th; ucss have a louble sloped floor to co: trol

[1)

the flow of waste. The farr win; pens are desi3ned to
hold eight pigs and a son. The pens are 5: ft x 8 ft to
allov for equipnent. The pens should be 5; ft x 7 ft in
the uneqnippcd alternatives. The "cntra" tto feet is add-

'~.1-‘., _:~ 31 ,1: ,1 - “fir- , ,5.- -., .1- - -_ -3,
1,11 01 the a sle to sane lb easic' b0 Love the

sons in and out 01 tLe3r crates. ill alternatives have

.9 .1.» ~

a hot rate" heatin: s stcn consisting 01.0 Circuits
Cne circuit is cop‘s" tubing laid txo inches below the

surface of the concrete in the creep area of the pens.

Concrete block sidewalls 4 hich were used to 1aci—
litate cleaning and to increase durability. The outside
latforn of th nanual alternative consists of a fence“

in concrete lot equi3ped with :interized waterer and a

.L 'I

Temperature is maintained at £30 during the first
few days of life for the newborn pigs in the creep area.
After the pi3s are three de"s old tze teniierature will

adual i; be decreased to 700. Z.niditj and odor are con-

(3
\

trolled by a ventila io - system consisting of tvo fans H

a tine clock control to naintaiu huniditv below 75; for
I

buildin3 material protection. D"afts are controlled by
t

P.
O
H.
(C

using solid plyxood paneling for pen Ha ls. Sa ni b3

controlled by hand lab01 or nechar -lZ’ ation sin'lar to the

in the nursery LUildlu" (Elans 4 and 5). Disease n‘st

be controlled u’ Lana snout The buildin; desifn does in-
corno te some ai'ease prevention features (1) been raterer
i separate 3 controlled unit. There is a float cor -trol

.‘I‘ Q C'- C 4 1'1, -. .0 V , -q < J— ‘ J- )h -. a»

1n everr ateier. “nis leature pie ents tiinsnissiOn of
— Mn. ‘. V‘ 1 ‘ ~ “n ~r~ ‘ vV‘ '1‘ -~'\ 11 " r,‘ ‘1\ I ‘ '. ‘1 PA a?
01 or1a111s11s fro.-- 11e so” b0 a11ot11er. (1.) he neatinD s, s-

‘I

dry and warn, thereby reducing or

selected because 01 its ab

ility to keep the floors

(3) In the automatic buildin3, urine and wasted water is
allowed to dra n away.
Sone poor features are the wooden pens (difficult to

clean). They rere used in the bui
esti11ation of building cost and comp
ings. Also, it 1a? be desirable

(N
ha

vi Lore often tha

tn the pi;

clea1in3,theerefore sla tted

Economic Aspects
The cost of

sidered is:

A.

to remove feces
n by the system

floors

alternative farrowin;

o
‘ 7‘ (“‘1
Luau”)

des‘ i<n to facilitate

aIi o betueen build-

11

C)

from con-
of twice

have an advanta3e.

buildin3s con-

Single aisle, automated, not rater, plan 2 case b---§(,1,,.Ob

Single aisle, manual, not water, plan 2 case o------,5,‘4L.TL

Double aisle, automated, not water, plan 2 case D---w7,3;2.4

Double aisle, manual, not rater, plan J case 1—----—W;,e45.'
”he sin3le aisle buildin 3 has 3L4 square feet as

compared tith 7'0 square feet in

the double buildin3.

then

Ul
,
p‘

the buildin3s are unequipped the single aisle costs $9,043
as compared with “5,645.74 for the double aisle farrouins
house. Tne additional cost of construction offsets the

advantage of usin; connon au3ers for handlin3 feed. I:
the buildings are equipped with feed au3ers and manure

,-.. ‘fi '1‘ r3 V ‘7" 4‘ r- . i m ‘ ( 1.x 1 .
au3ers, tne cos» advantaUe 1s ‘ccrcase' because tne addi-

ional cost of construction offsets part of efficiency

d.

‘V\

of the equipnent. Case n is gjOO nore tnan tne equipped
Case n.

The additional cost of equipment is $2,100.00. anen
used in a spire svsten, it is possible to reduce this
relatively high equipnent cost by conbining buildings.

The equipment would have to be justified on savings in

labor and convience.
Lursery Building

En31neer1ng Aspects

There are five nursery cases using txo plans (see

1

." 3‘ ‘..\ ‘ . Q.- -.:1 —: - I: ‘3‘ .L— , h
appendin a). llan c nas unree case

(1

(1) Case J is an autonatic design for weaned pigs only.
It has a feed au3cr and no aanure au3ers. Because of tne
lesire for olatted floors, this alternative was selected

.1- U

for a comparison study. teel nesn was used to cover the

J

L

floor area of the pens. The concrete floor is "V" sna1ed
to enable the nanure to flow to a1 auger at the bottom of

4-31 "1;!
one v o

f f ~- . r“ *3 4‘. '9 "“3 ' " "' n’“. 1 -~ -' r: - 3v-
(a) Case n is an autciatic des13n fo3 LGQHGQ 913s onlg.
(w ‘1‘. I“ 7‘ ‘0 W 1 '- "I r‘ “ a" ’ ’ r‘ s r‘ .I 7 ~
It also nas an leed aa3e1 and no uanui 3e au3ers. a conven-

tional hot mater svsten circulates tater throu3h the floor

and panels on the wall. The circuits in the floor keep

4.

the pen ar a us a and dry, while the tall units add heat
to air displaced by ventilation.

(3) Case L is a nanual desi3n for use ned pigs. inis
particular building is the lowest cost nursery of the al-
teriatives presented feed must be broujht into the buill-
ins by Land and nanure reaoved by hand.

13101-1

a nas tro cases:

‘

(1) Case a is an autouated desi3n havin3 a feed

auger and two manure ausers. “rOV1s‘ons are nade ior

K."

the care of sons; therefore there is a creep area 10r the

(2) Case 1 is an hand operated alternative. It

(I)

has not water heat as doe Case g. All feed ntst be brought

"3“ ' .3 ‘N1 . "3 -».. 1‘: 3 H V’ (\‘1 1 (\fi ‘, ‘ 7' ‘ ‘-. '3 ~r
into tn builiin, uinuail, and all aanu13e reLove nanualld.

(D

“ustwdr”r Asfec

The nurser" buildin: is neces sc 13y to facilitate Lani-

Y , .- j. -0 -. ...° -1- , 3 .‘ .0 4.3.. _ , 4,1‘ _,_
nun use of the iaironin3 nod s es. Ii there a3e u re tnan
. - ’Dfi 'V" ‘r‘ ‘vm 'r" "' ‘, ‘ " T" "‘ "fl "’ ‘\“’I‘ ‘ '. .1.‘ 1‘“ o I
four 1a rro .i _ per year, at least one nursery builu1n3 is
"'- nmr “‘4"? 1",3 7-1 -' 1 ’31-. -.-\..,-., rfi-Mn 1" a; (who «14- —' 4‘ ~- 'n ”5-11.” ~r1 «-
11.808.91.194“, 0 1.0 ULl-.-h\A.Ll-L¥JD buLe 3..” 0C0»; ‘Ld .1..L .LL. _Os-LL-;‘D 1-1;.“-
- .x 3' ,1- 4-- _... ' 1.. ..
be . o e 1n11; t.ul.c3 times 21 yee3.
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A..- L) _. , ,~.«— ‘L -4. - L .—. - ‘
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fl-.. . -. ‘-!-,-,.'- ‘;. ."H .7 l‘ _ ‘-;..,_' ...r. .J . . ‘ _ 1‘

Aterst we .uolisacrs a 111At31s, 1,c1), 3.,cc.

' -. :— ~ 1.-.. 1- “.1. '3 1.: -1 .. 1,.“ T .. p4.— ” .4. .-.
is re UleCQ b? s Vthi1Ct1oL s.stc1 aceodLoe to La1zts1n

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Lois Qture levels gel U [5,. Drafts :1e COLtIOlled o ugfigg

3

-ll rails.

h

-'. ‘ -1 ~7-- J- . 4" —
sol1d :ld ood pert Ui+ “1s 10:
' -1 _ ‘1 - 11 : '-,. .1-.- -_ 1.. t1-..
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J

In -- . -»‘. 1 '1‘ I‘ -~ ‘- I.‘ -‘ .1 '. - “‘ . ’,‘.v‘ ‘r ~ '-. -‘ -.‘
su ere, “la a slatted 1loor. Ll1 three LeuLods H111 ech-

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lL BAG Lu1serT care Lust be exe1‘ ClZ ed to E“Gveht r11-

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bected to1c11.'i11 “Art he? 11 the LeLa er exerc ses cs1e

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3.11 1.664.111.-.) pcguf‘CC been. 11.89.10 01:11... 163 9 OLD Ol _ 11b L..L 1.1.1.13U
‘. - . - u ‘ ‘ ’. " ‘s 1 WA “ “ "‘ l

and at us1n; 01831 cloth L; and 1oot lehs.

Econom1c AsLCCts

r11 4... .1.-- .9 -1 -- K. . w " ' 0.0 ,1 1,-.. 0 -0: 1 - 1
1he bnO t'oes 01 glsLs L/csx1’7 d111er SqulLLCELtlJ

O l 1 .

in cost. The bu1ld113 that 1s decided 0L Lust be overLo d
b? the ace of :esLiLg. hheL the cost of the heatiL: system

COLsidered the slatted floors cost the same as a

P.

Later heated LaL 1e av. er reLovel system. If the eitLe-
preLeur chooses SOLe other method of heating such as elec-

of the concrete

f 3
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ric Lads or heat bulbs, the initi-

floor buildiLg Lould be COLsidereble less. Studies at bAG

on s slstt—d floor than on a COLveLtiOle concrete floor

tith bed M1 7 and supslenentel heat 1L-1e £01m of 25’ watt

CA

J

~ . '11 M .5. - - .0 1 .. -- x .
bUle. ILe Lot meter srsteL oi Les i1; Ltd osleLce s0Le

.0 4.x --- , fl .0 -3, “4...- 1 .0 , 3 -L L .1 ,
oi tLe ad.LLtl.-s or tLe letuec iloor iL tLet tie floor

Ho
(I)

kept dry.

Th slatted floor construction cos t (;;,515.23) is
considerablv hi3; r then a comparable concr te Iloor
($3,140.34) However, the hot si sys or of heating is
Luc11 le s expensive than the not rate“. The total build-
‘L; cost of the slatted floor css is 45,921. 59, wLi e,

the total building cos t of the COLD 1‘8018 concrete floor

.-

buildiL; is

The slats must cover the entire area of the ch if

they are :oiLfi to save much labor in cleaning i;isLure.

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”oodeL slats show CCLsidera ble rear a ter 15 nor ths 0

Steel Lesh (used in this stLd*) has been used successfully.

.' ' ,, 4.7L“ .L. .1- L _.. ,..'| 0 L. .,.:. .L M” -
It is iLPOitsL tht tLe lj.L1t size ogeLiLUs be used to
_..,L1 4.1-, .-.:_ .1- .. _., L .".".‘~ .-.-. r. ‘ .. A ,. .D
e11c.ole we 31;, b0 I--O \fO C..LOU.l-d. Lie Q “est e.e'vsLts_.,e or

slatted floors lie in fiTO areas: (1) Reduced space per 913

(2) lower initial cost oi

Lt iteering Aspects

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Tro plans, composed of four cases are

 

e en and 3.3. Iecker, Elogr Desi“: and Late

L ALIS‘Lj for Gr Vin”- CiLisZi 3 SHILL, L aLep0“t r"

o 3 3 C (W 3‘ -'__n .— "T 3 A 1-~

for the I11110is ‘nlh drouers De TUim Ill: U
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of Illinois, 3‘1), "373-. --5:—.

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I. fins -.r\ \ '2 ~r- ,l‘ .3 ' . r‘ a "- .- YV- ' ~v-s do 1*
n,gendln L. All four u ldin s Lave tLe saL tuge or not

Plan 4 is a single aisle building.

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It T38 selected because of it vide- -spread Ise. Plan J

l l . Before estimating the cost
le aisle buildinr it mas thetjnt that the increas-
ed cost of bu’ldin; construction would be offset by the

equipment. L sou lot is pi rovided to exer-

reduced cost oi
cise, feed, and Later the sons in the unequipped cases G

and I. The sow lot ($450.4n) is regarded as an equipment
is not needed when the buildin:

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autonated (assuming the sons do not need exercise beyond

one building is deterLined by the number

there must be en pens. If the buildird is not automated
th n the pens could be a foot narrover. This pace could
be used to widen the aisle to five feet to enable easier

sow handling.

YT ' r\'.i" .' - 4‘ ‘
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=isease is an acute pro blen in tnis building. The

J

building must be thoroughly cleaned bet m1 groups of pijs.
Traffic in and out of tLe building must be con

.1-

Later is provided automati

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any one or a conbination of feelers. The syace requii eIenbs

tne sou. Tenperature is contro
svsteL in all alternatives. inc nine is laii tio inches
1‘eloz-r the su"face of the concrete in the creep area. sug-

‘1 .,, _.. '- '1 '- .' L1- 0 W -.~— 1, .:. _.LL- - L ,4. 3
pleuental neat is nyVlQ « Lot Later pa1el ineta lee

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lou or the outside tell. [he installation of hot Hater
pipe in the floor rill provide adetuate neat :or the young
pigs (L50) witnout over- L atin3 the sons (c; ).

Humidity will be kept below 75; by ventilating “an:

to prevent c0IdenLation of moisture in tne buildii3. Drafts

are prevented by tLe solid IWl whee pen partitions.
Senitat’cn is controlled eith r by Lanual cleanin:

_ ‘3. ‘. ., _- .. - _.. ‘ - _ .. 1. ‘ -0 _
or Leenaniiati L. LLLLie au ers are 0853018 oi nandlin_

an _.I 3 a T'r\ |"‘ {’t-V ." Q. J“‘ " ' < .‘ "rfi'rx "r‘~ . - ‘0 'I ‘.‘.' “I", ,--
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used, it sLould
covers the Lanure a‘ger to pr vent in;try to set or pigs
durinj periods of operation. The pen nas a double sloz,e
to prevent liquids from "unLing from the front to the rear.

Cdor is controlled by an adequate ventilation system. dater

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provi ed in each pen of the autona ted btilLLL.

is provided aut Latica llv to any combination of gens. in

tne Lanually cleaned building a single Later faucet lS

\ ° .- 1, . -- (“7-, ,, n w. ,.-
M‘OVl ed in I-e clean-u; area. LL feed L st oe LaLuell

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carried into tLe UHLlLLuJ ior tLe ti lets. inc sous ale

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Led a“ Latsreu cup 0. doc s.

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u" "“ '. ’ “' J‘ 14" '1‘ ‘ ’ \ ‘1' ‘ ' ‘-‘ f 1“ (N ~‘- I AV : 1' '7‘ P- I:
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All four plans will EEOdUCG tge sage number of pirs. I»

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legs ale clo w3;etuel - .e
lessness can create conditio

,- .9 1 ....
rayiuljo

Economic
T11e
because

clearly understood,

es of co-otru0ti“3

eco, or care

11.1.01 Cliff) 3.313 023.11 S7313

such a building

conclusive evideuce c

‘ -‘v N - " “fl 7‘ ‘1 ' " ‘ 1 '. "‘ ’ (\ " I", | ' a 'n 'I‘ ! ’ . f‘l ". ‘ 1“ ‘ '1' w "‘.
teryerstule, .Armurrt duo oral s .Lu.lxrt uGEfl deterulue
rv. -- -q ‘ ' +.L1 v- .. -u1 .. ~- «3.... ~, -,“ r

4e Ogeu sued does little MOLE teen bllnq tde piJ 3e

_q-‘

to the bciu lot or take the

concrete lloor. Therefore,

(..-,n4-(.\ .
MU. DJ L’Cv “A

-, 4.-
gesture

from t-;e drylot

U1

- - J-
h r-<' 71“ f‘

proble'

'e producer using

'f_NJ- ‘“ . 7"} .3 1-: 71': --. h. ”-. '\ w W“ - 5" .3 -> '0'- : - -
SJ Deal. Mel-J LJGLLLL-LL_:., Yul-_J-CL, e-t—‘Lre‘ue 00107., SLLO'H, lag-$4.... 3.1L
1‘ J“ 'I A ". ‘ "3 " '1‘...‘ 'x "I 1‘ " '~ '.“.‘ ‘7 l . " "1‘131.
4-0L.» so ere so-.e o.-- tie 1.,10ole:_.s ...;lcn. remain in b;-lC
‘ _o f __ ‘A '3 ...1. {11“ -_— ..l. .. - .1- - ,. ‘ ‘ -l-
uodif ed couliueueut desl .e. rue hater stteu and auto

matic feed svstem should fire
tie stress of ruuuiuj out of

-,_ n
.1). b.)

quite expe ve to jus

for the convenieuce of

considered: however,

per pig s to raise l .cd co
JP "‘ '- ‘ . "' r "l '2‘
to the efltelt of $3 ills in
'L-7 ~ ~r-c 7‘ \
Lil-‘Vre, (case It ) , Sin.) ;‘«1C ’62,"

vent the

TI

feed 0. aster: however, it

I‘

tily several thousand

on the cost

and to love i

. mu .1. '1 .1. - --

leoor. lie au togetic cite 4&-
r‘. .. 1 ..-' 4.3 - 2') '7 ~50

c. 1 as co.pareo .it; ,V,I,o.co

dollars

pen.

$.J

are not

ncern’n;

eXperienciu;

for the manual case (case n). This ouildin; is one of the
most flexible of the alternatives considered because a swine
producer an convert it eaSily to some other use if he

desires to quit r ising pigs. It should be further pointed

p

out tb -at the automatic alternative is ;1,900.CO less than

c‘ O ‘ Q

a completely nclosed, automated and unheated finishins

x.)

building (Elan 9).

Open Finishiar 311ed (Covered Feed rloor)

\J

Enjineerinj Aspects

The floor plan of the fin'shing shed is presented as
Plan 13 in Appendix n. The shed covers he entire concrete
platform. It has three halls protectin r the pi; s from the
Heather. The fourth tall is left open so that specia
ventilation equipnent is not needed to renove noisture and

f the plan are Cases f and Z.

O

odors. The alternatives
Case Y differs from Gas 2 in ‘hat ease I has a cor crete
apron tith thich to service the pens. Case Z has either

a feed auger for grind and nix *ations (Case 21) or an high

_). both of the Case

moisture auger and feed trough (Case 22

r

A alterr atives have a shuttle stroke nanure cleaner.
Once die farro.. in'" schedule is ascertained, the size
of the covered feed floor can be determined. The floor

plan of the covered feed floor is the sane as the uncovered

feed floor (Plan 12). Pen malls separate the sleeping

area from the feed to reduce the no

area

‘A I“

to prevent the beddinm from being pushed

floor. The purpose of covering the feed

Vent the accunulation of snov in Minter,

i: sums and to prevent rain from dilut

er

Husbandry aspects

From the vier-point of the smine hu
this building does correct and c ntrol t
of the pasture systen. The ri, is relie

.1.” _A°... , ‘, ... .. ,1- ”,1
s anuin, entiele cold, or n—at and

. "' ' . -' 4- ‘r‘ -.\ .',7v- -.\ .. -£I-‘-
snot or rain to eat and drlni. niaits a

oned correctly Lit

1

D V‘r 1~\ 5 1. -r .‘ -,« 1 " '._‘ '7' I 'j J— V.\ qw-fi
froi beCOmlLJ a problen. since the sun

dry the floor or to kill organisns,

el aned several ti; s a teen to Keep the
’7‘ '7 (\" \ ' a 7‘ -—, . *" I‘ " ',‘ Pa " ‘ j j
I: .nina errnrt is lg;., QBMflLlCSo, vmrt oedd

F.1-

‘ -\ '—.~,. _A :9
DIGGanJ 00nd

can create

c nsunption on hot days there is a tine
sunner spray systen.
. . . .
neononic aspects

This building, if erected as an ant
”11,713.25 this is ap‘“o;iuately “1,003.
onen sued uncoveicd reed floor and egg:

.0 3 -\ Q' ‘,.’-_‘r.‘
lion halnino

o:;Linrte.rj

venent of air and
onto the feed

floor is

I _ .. —‘—‘ -.-- ‘_
1;; _J 147.18 ...Ckssiul‘e .
aroma-nu (we 4a.?»
La tqu-Lakluhd 5;);“LCJ-bo‘lb
ne stress factors

ved from
through
re controlled if

.Ll t;le V’u

ind.

s usually sufficient natural ventilation to prevent odor

i not allome‘ to

C‘
H

floor must be

To encourape fee

clock controlled

0 ColC unit, COSQ
I‘ "-7. A ‘1‘ '1‘ r‘ " 7‘
'VV A -U 7 e U; _:..L.. Unfic

to pre-

the area

There

'I

f l

\A

A F, . ‘ r“ 7-,.
--L‘a-L— “J-

le

I n
(I)

enclosed

._ _ . r .L.
i...LlJL.O--<.L '

.-1

“. - . ~ 7 ... -. ... ... ‘ -, J- _' l J- _"
. . .. , r: r _ - r
u- 1...»- .-C'.. bC 7.4. L..-_‘~..- V CA... DJ. C... 146

C:

I
"V

n - . . p 4-‘ .- .. 4- —! - -1 M : -.

nu.» ‘ J.C‘....l-_ I... La.-€ L.-C..;-7LL..-4. 141-4. La 4..) :1qu U u I u .. Ill CC .; u
I .7 7.1 (-1 ’7‘ .r"- '77“ (_l ’ A r~ " " fifi ‘ ‘. (fl ’ ,- ”I " v ‘1‘ . 7x -‘ r“ '3' ~ .- ' Li r‘

1,] ,_/ b.__.._‘v. ...-.L-_>.;a J... L. ‘ _'_.4.O--J..‘~\..Uu‘...k7, ‘_,' \.\./ okay ....Ol'd U--L..-’. u-..’;,

. v. ,t . - - .\ - . -.. :1 _—. s 1 -‘ ‘V - 7 ‘ ,-~. ...
C_.e-- ...-El'... 1.-- ‘ "VGIJJ. IGUu. I.LCC.L1 C. -CI 111.; .IO.-.L --.L.u{3.'-. 1.1,-Lcovb
‘ r“ ‘ -,-‘ “ ‘7 J_-‘ “.‘ ‘ ‘ ° 7‘ "‘ 1" 1 '1 4" '~ — 7“ ...,'_..| -. 7’ ' - ’- I \ 1" . 9 F1 7.
less w4gg Ln“, a.e:L pihad CCn-Uer eun.Je-: .-clo’«:. dulltdh ..
(1'. “° .. .4— . .2-, . J. .12. .. .' .-., :. . ‘ ‘ .. :. _--- .0 -
J.-.€ bl. \ C :1 La €33.77..-; 2; U0 b-.e L. - .1.-- v .1“: “C \A‘LLCCl‘ 53.4. C .Li. .-e 4. OI‘L

‘5 "' I \ {.1"‘ . 3(\ .1 1" ‘ " r\' ’ :1 ‘. ' \-’n ‘.‘ r ‘,“ “7‘ \ ,3! . 'fl‘fl‘. '. (K \ ~I- ‘ _r‘ 1" r1 ~
04. ICdu.CC Ic.UOf c‘.--cl. I1-LI€-2.;.CUL IBC'A... EIIICI ’.-C,U o ...IL'U.‘.'.L.‘-_:

7 O 1 “ , ‘ d -" " n J— r. r~- r‘. ”9““ m. rm r‘: 7- ~ r ‘1. : '7' '7 l C‘. ‘ ~"- P. + ‘7 " ..
La“ La- ‘vL J.-O b ’0 b -- v 11.... V4. Lib-Li ‘rvM 1.1-3.0 C- Da~-k/L¢L L- Lax. .L..'.l(’v UJ—X‘ C

4.1. ”r- " w _r. . I . _ _, ,‘ .9- A J. ,_ ?- ._ --. .1. ‘. -.., _: '.' V. , _ .-. -
M‘s» q 1- «nrj :1 "O r. .3. '0‘] *‘1 (n \ 1 .7 r~ (‘ rt 7‘ 7 n 1 ~ v' 7 r‘~ ‘n - Y)“ +77 n 5 ~
J.--b CC 74, e C: v— U84 .L-fi—OC-L HL-OL.—'—\.L “(I'vV e .._\-4.7Lu.' fi——"-'v fi-ai-OL'L-d- D O.— l LM‘O J-
-- , - .1- \ : .- -. ,. - ~ -. .. $3-. . ‘ -1 | 1. r.) 47"! '1 . .
4.- ..C U C».g,-.L-l «.....'-(.L $-10” IO»; ‘LLL-C OI-CIO C, ILOOI: Q.L‘.l‘...-;
“'1“ ' ‘o N " Ann '~ ' y "a rw 1 1 "n‘J‘ 1m 7'. , ~ ‘firs _n -, r, r73 AD . . . 7" Ifi " "“1 r3
b-le - .LLILKJJ. 110.- --.; o ‘ -J. b.-k;4.-n0.LCI C‘VU. 04.4. “ICIEJ--CU; «fling. U.-C.

- .1. -0 .- - ‘ ..- . 1. . 4.x " 1. ._ , ~ A! 1.

rate 0. win should i-sro we because the less area ll be
1 vs ’ .H t" 1r) m
COO 0.. ll. 4.4.9 91.2.4-4 CJ.
7‘r‘ A A ‘ ...-.1 1".- rs ‘.- . -' v
4.41.10 .. d'-‘Q I .LllJ.iJ.L-l.LI I.‘.L ULilQ-E—‘Ll

- J's
...L_L_,'IIIG GI III - 1;.1 QC C

T.“ '1 - 7‘ 1 D .. l - Gil "' -' .. ' « 3 - .. .. -. ..

J.’ O Llr _LJ (.....3 OJ. 8440 OH 1 14al- Q--.L4L.~ ) UL'..1.—L\A.&..L-:) " pvl 8 £11 (3"
1 Q r1 '\ '1 : .. 1.. -- .- 2-1 ~~ ': "“. --. - -—+ . .
s nted (q,j,1b and 11 in “ppch l- n. There are DUO cases

‘ __y '1‘“ n .- ‘5 r" --‘- r71 , " r‘\ "c ’L 1 r- -'r '. ‘- r J-

“_L OIL BMC..L ijlkLILO J. .8 0L4; .jeC Jblve vlpvk—g UO (Av-Ce 1-..1.-.e L)..-3 CO...) L)
‘0 (Nt‘ft "‘ ‘ '1 *"l‘". “,4 .1 :1 ““7 "‘- ‘2 ‘- ‘ i ’I ih-n ‘ -’~ .2 .

o. s -Ucturc Lien najo. esu11en ltens aiian,ed h if-

"t ---. ~ .. a 4'71 c: '0 r.“ 7" 94""1 .. ru'c‘J'q ‘ '1"

fere11,‘s . 11.1 the 018 the co- OJ. a he- 11. _, 9.,- s to... i 1

*‘ ~~ -.4- 14v’w ~-.~ 1 A ‘T”w_ ’e .. t? a n~

the enclosed La l in, has deuernihcd. ilans u,j, a-d 10

are the sane bulld’nj vith chances in equipment layout.

Fla n 11 is do

iined to

“r 710
--

.-.L

C.

V

le

or or other is v s.

r7

1 v

”'11.. 3 C h *1 " v “"o’ r‘ .C‘ r-v r‘“‘ V" 1* ~nr.“ - ~-
J.L-.LS vJ—l lellav UL‘Je «ILLS E. 8160-: 08d LJeCLL -e 0.1... lth) Churv'LUJ. CIJJLJ U’O-

-- .2 .. .. .‘ ... 4-, .1..-‘ _g -. .1..'.‘ ,4. .. .~. ‘. ‘ ,. .° W... A”
glIQTItJ eae to ascerUaiu Use COCO OI sue. a cesi A Ulee

Uhen a building is couoletelf enclose , Vcati 3i cio A,

I -1 I'w- \o'; . _. -. .... ~ I 4" -" - J‘- \ -~. I”. - - a I q ‘9 . r-” an n -r.
OQOI, luiiditd and UemferaUule becoue groolels. laeie are
'1 1- . J. .L‘... ... . .. ' .' .. .c- .1- -‘ ~ '1
tnree 8} up oacles Uo Use solution 0. Uuese Urooieus.

(1) Pl: ce: e;1t oi‘ transparent fiberslass is the roof
till admit aeat to dry the floor, 0; 0901115 ve1-tilation.

It is “ossible to control odor aid to keep the buiiditv

U

1 O

5.. "he iLside temperature of the DUildilij in the
winter months till be the saae as the outside teuperature.

disadvantage since it

H
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c+
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heats the Wuildir. in susxer ECLtIS then the suire 81
be cool.
(2) Aiother aeproach is to insulate the building Lith

the intention of letting the body heat of the pigs keep

the building Here. If the building is kept full of pivs

(I

O
{‘3
p

and the IOper ventila tion rate is used then the pigs
keep the inside tezipera uie at ECO as long as the outside
emUerature doesn't fall
(3) The third alternative is to insulate, ventilate,

and edd sujolemeUUal heat throu;h a hot water heating

f

present the cost of such sys-

C1

S O o “-1". o S o 3.11d

m
0'.)

.- -’— m -‘fi
'Sbet... r\JCA.
.

tens. The buildings are designed to maintain ilside tem-

perature at 500 then the out side temperature is -100. Hot

71

meter pipes circulate through the floor to keen it dry

and warm. Heat is provided by hot panel uLits aounted

on the wall of the building.

a similar procedure of determir ;i113 the total number

I)

of square feet required to nous e the pL s till be used as

feed area in an enclosed building, the soace

requirements are reduced. Za‘ole V- 2points OUb the total

aaace needed for four groups of QC pigs.
Table V-E

Total Square Feet Eecessa y to Eouse 320 Pigs
in a Enclosed Finisning Sheda

Pi: Aeight Sq Ft Pigs in Total Space
ler Pig Group Required 2
Sq Ft

40-30 lDS

V]
(r
O
4.x
0

D

m
C
O
in
c;-
O

60-120 lbs

C 3
f
O
(f‘\\
p
0

120-160 lbs
160-220 lbs 10 go. goo

Total 320 2,350

‘—

ed I'rom: T.E. Hazen and D. n. Lanjold, "Func-
ic hequiremerts of Shine Housinfi" , 2 iicul-
ié Vol 41, Lo. 9 (Depter ber, 19L“ “3 p.

d‘d
S H

r~\ !1_’_ j _0 ..L _.. _' h r~ _" "s r“ *,'/-‘ ‘ I“ , 1 fl 1 e _‘ ‘ _ ‘
(a) AA Eduibloflgl area of ate-4CC square feet buOUlQ

be sufficient for flexibility and overflom caused b7 large

a, it is desirable
to make tee sens long and narron, allo: no Lore than 50
pids eer pen, and keep the pens of equal size for flexibi-
lity. Allevs an‘ drivetays mill be added to the building
pecilications later. A concrete platform 44 feet by CO
feet diVided into trelve pens, each 22 feet by 1C feet
mill ueet the requireaeuts of 2,42C square feet to 2,720

square feet.

I rm 3:- .1- 3. " -‘g .. .2 -. a... M - ..,. .
(4) rue llaal .3 so is to place tee glue in tue 981:3

q . .1— fi - 4-H 4- w.- r.‘ ... 1-. -. ~- -.2 .1
(cu eater) to lane sure plat eacu1a space aas been provided.

cs tle p’; arrangeuent used in the enclosed

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L cotcL“ular buildiLc is usually Lore expensive to

build than a quar' buildiLj; therefore, the pens are laid

(Q
(U

-\ ‘V‘ 4‘ ’v"r~“" '1'-“ ‘1 a - q . ‘."\ ‘-' '0 -.’o —\ 1‘ "‘Ifi J‘
“0.. DO --ae b--C s Lila-.1111, sc 0.3.1.‘ . souole Mater-

{'7'
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(U

l: a dou
n". n 4- -~- -~. r ’V 3 ~- ‘. ~ 4- ”‘1". 71‘ ‘ - -’-‘\ n -\ f‘ 1
S ale used 0 lose BLUIJLEQC CObb. LGChUlb ale also

a '~ .- -, i q “L‘fi n J- J—*,‘ a '3‘ -0 -x " rw (- -" r-
a1ra1ed so tLit buO mess Ol leQ caL util ise theL.

Husbandry Aspects
Te: 2e ratu1e, hux’dity and drafts are contI olled 0L

7 n .' 4-1- .0 ., -.., .. ~ -fi .. .9! - .. '1 -.. .2. ‘ .. 3, C-
“tre basis tuat llrr 1<x1.1eed ellic eucg'eu11.u1te 01 1a1L

 

 

.. .,., 41 , .-f, n .r.‘ .L. .0 .... 4. -q -, 4.71 -- .1, " ° .0 '1 r. ‘ --
preseLts tLe cllect o teLperatuIe o; U46 _u-0du t1c n eIIICIeLc
Ta1le 1-;

17 ..L. . m 1 ,. -.. .1- - , ‘ ”j 11-": -. 11:. . .- .. £3.
Affect of lemQCLEUUfE on,lrodu ctioL 111101 eLc, of QHLLC

won—*vu- cr-o-Cw‘o‘.--~c—--o---—orm _.. m ‘ v -— .....s.~—-—.———-.-..

~ v ’ ~n .3, (n ' ~.- 1“ J" 1 '1 '5' . -~ A 3‘ “’Ih

-eed TEQUl'O lemyeratuie -eed eouired

'5 - ‘ F4 ' "» \ "I ‘ 4," Mr‘ _.V ‘N

J .1... out 1118. .i..‘. 1:81 C" U :1le";

1
r~ 1'“ 1‘ {\p '1
a 1UC lo f01‘ a LCD lo
p-. ,-.u

rem
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75.0 1

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470 1,130

7’ ll”. ‘1‘ . v r ‘ f\
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C '1 >1 '1‘ w '-"r ~-- g -'< J.- A
“ ‘ ' a L "' ' A ‘ r“! t . 1 ’1 " ‘ ‘," ‘4'
1.4. pOfiu, Lo. Lotsgs, loci o tates segaitLeut 01

fl~riculture, Liscell aLs ous ruclication L0. 744, Jan 193$;2-

4L- ,4-

t}.

.|. .. _ _. (‘1. -1 . _- .1. .., 1-11.3. .- .C‘ - “; .r\ - -- . '
o1 5111e.11e o_1uu1 beige1ature 10: a Loo lb §1_s 12

~--. 1:]. :m up. 4:. 1 r- -. 4-1- ~ .1» .2 4s- ..‘.— 1—3.-
11Iate11,c lee, tne_e o e tie temtertu1e o1 tLe Lu le1L

icated that he will perform equally tell under various

. n 4- 1_." ___ 1 _. Q“: o .1” w“ . 0_“4_ ‘_. -o“ <
is L u LLo a, nodever cL1lled air 11 Le LiLt1r lee is

thought to be detriLiLtal. Cvercroxding is not a probleu

' "I

i; tge farr0“iI: scae

H
FJ
O
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U)
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groups of stiLe are Laiutained; aL if tLe
quireuents are folloued. it no tine should there be Lore

wfiht~ )0 p.‘____ . _‘ I‘ 0 ‘fi _, -.- .‘g 1"“! J. ..l.‘ __ W -.. ‘ ‘ _1 ~9\ ‘1
1.11.1; ill. “.1 0.1.?3 1.11 a i301.. .1e1.1tatio11 08001.15: 3. #110ble11

and odor. II the flOO“ teLperature of the bu’lding 's

* . .x. 1 . 4—.
£11.; eeouJL b0 1:88;? b4"

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necessa‘y. Bis eese COLtrol is the most critical probleL
of a enclosed building. Lhen the buildiL: is beir: used
in a s*ste2 in which the pigs in the buildiL; vary in
at from 40 lbs to 220 lbs. The variance in reight
aLd age, combined rith a 15 Ire Luuber of pigs in a “ela-
tivelv SL all sbace, co=pled rith daLpLess, hire auxidit.

'\ '\ 4‘ f -r‘ Q 3 7 fl '- I". 1 p-Q a ..l \ 'L
aLe tie co11tagious Lature 01 L ob QELCdlfl_ d1seases creates

VT . ‘ (N 4 ”. "‘ if ’ " TA *5 r1 ‘. (w ’v" V,’ 1" -’1 ‘1' '\
L33" disease plOLleS. LoLeVeI Iisease Lad U8 coL Iolled

a]

4.

if the faILer con. ider- the £0 llOViL; facoors: (1) a equate

('2

ventilation, (E) suppleiental heat, (3) use of disease

free foundatio: stock, and (4) control of human arriers.

Ventilation I st be adequate to prevent dagp, disease
breeding conditions.

Supplegertal heat ill 01 event chillin 3 of pigs due
to sudden changes in temperature.

If the lircsent fougdation stoc; is diseased, the in-
troduction ofiSpecific Pathoge; Disease Free 5mine Kill

’liu; disease. in economic study

OJ
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as ind icatcd that S P sLiLe can increase profits by
g23.oo per litter. These pirs should perform Hell in
confinement systers, because probl eus of contamination
are reduced by automatic equ paent and I.ell 001sti ucted
pens .

The people tliat work uith the hogs must be cl an.
Tb ey can not extect to visit their 1eighbors diseased hoh
lot and then cone home to do their own chores and hop
to control dis—ase. Eoot —pans an‘ a special set of cloth-

5

in" should be worn in the firisLin; building only.

“'1 “.0 .1. ~.
scoaoai “u“80bo
7: ."‘ .r\ _,. 1 1 . .. ...! .1.‘ -
rlans o,;, End 10 are tae sage structure nibA a rear-

" - ‘v‘ “.“- ’0 ‘ . V“ 7' .1- :fi-U‘V ,r: " r‘ 4".“ “w «‘ ~fi ~ "‘ a . r‘ -’w r“
rangeaeat oi equiaaeat. Ilaa a has tho aaLuie au3eis add

7Robert R. Burr, "The scouoalcs of Sigecific Iathogen
Free ‘"iue for the bodaorCIal Swine Irod ucer" (unpublished

_-‘.

terz‘. paper) 1951, 3.20.

"V "O :3 v. r-“«- 1 -‘~\-‘. ‘4' 'j‘ (s ‘1" ~. ' ~ ~1‘ - fl} “, J- ~~\ «a Q
cue ieeu auget “nougn. t; s aii‘aL eLeLt t--e 8i4blejl‘Cb.r

C.“ L.

”n _,.. '1 ° ...‘4. ..,. ,. .... 4.1..~ 1.. - .1. .- . ' 4.. 4.x
Las a sLailer dis aLce to Lo.e tue LaLure 00 a Ltimer tLaL

f‘" "r 9 -"~ "~-. "fl ~f' “A 1‘1 fl“? -.-. r 'hr‘ ‘0 fi‘ ’v . ‘ ‘ ‘_.,.‘ a,
aL1 oi tLe otLei iloo 5 designed. Tae leed au_er is aecLaL-

ized to tLe legree that any “ation Lay be fed to any 00L-

utOLaticallj. Elan 9 has tne saLe

(3‘
Ho
:3
(‘3
E
H.
O
...)
O
H
1.
(D
(D
Q;
(0
l
J
(1
m

a is in the place-

} J
0.:
(D
(3
Ho

5 ‘ -1- ('3 1 1, n-» ,1 3 .
feed ewier as tlaa o. Toe Cuuiue ll

1 _ --~\
I

- .p 4.2 -. . 1 n .. '11 ,5»:—
Leat oi bAe Laauie auuer. (see 1iaa p). iae advautade

K}

a iLi ial cost of eoulpucat The diLa-—

l,.|o

is tre reductioa
antaje is that the Lanure must be Loved a l Lger a stance.
" an 10 has one L Liure au~er like plan 5. But it aas two

feed augers thick are ompletely autOLatic. However the

iLitial COSt is hi her vith no aoparent advantage.
Plan 11 is a building thich can be entered Ki h a

tractor and ’ 0L. Its design advantage lies in its ini—

tial cost. It car oe erected Lithout automatic equi

.L

..L

It has the seLe enviroLLeLtal control :hen h ated as plans
8 0 eud10 It tea the disarvantafie in that ' e1 automation
‘oes take place tro mature augers and one feed auger will
be necessary to hand le the feed and LaLure.

It should be eLphazed that these buildiLgs sLould

..
\

..., .1 . M .m .0 -.., 7 ,L J-’ 4-: in H. - ... '
.Lot be elected uLless a lo ce VeLtilatiod sds em is used,

‘

to k ep Lois ture at uLde" 75H. The ventilation ooovs are
designed for suLLer use.
The cost of oucration of the heating systeLs can be

reduced by lorering tLe ceiling to tie level of the truss;

r, i.

r‘
L~

-

4.;11. Lu.

...1

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r
LA:

(401;

‘u r- J- V‘ -
U‘LLB U Col/L

I
do

5 (1 "flf‘ 'fiq‘
.; , UCJ. hips.

etc

‘r‘ r< n ‘L-~‘)r
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(A, - -— r1 '- —. 17-.—

VF.-L4A..C .LQL- V .L

D“.I;~l-—J 5::5 .L...J--I:3

m‘- n“; "W”r‘w' c "t. ”.1 "=*". (1' («l “HM-1‘53"" “m ° r- "1-1" “Mme-3’3
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_o _‘E 1‘ ’3 __'_\ 7w {\Qr' C' .’." .._.‘7 ....L ,-, ... —A ’1 r‘ (1- f! .1 q .’,~‘ 1'," T‘ -)~.—- fi"'4 ,1. 4 »'-“‘br'\‘*‘ r“'_‘
.L...'. --KV SLOVVUQ 04. _LI-‘_L..L-.L.. ...1..-_) C. y“; LL COL-.Ll-LC,_;L‘,l; L; plO‘JLQ...g. .L‘Le
1 ‘ o _c‘ -L‘: -. ‘ O f‘ _.- ‘uJ‘ ‘ - - _u‘ -. ‘T‘ J_ . "v, — .’_ .‘
cLo;ce o; uLe LLLlLLL; 1e Jalul; COL rolleg 00 UL LupueL

H-
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..LLL .3 “J. -- we Q4. 0 ..
,. .

" 4-, w .. .. '1 ”Ln.“ -- J. . .I-:
be SCLGCch ELC Lu. ue LV ee.oLu 0L tile level of Lul LLle
4-qu-" *- r1 "‘ " —* r\ ’ ._w ’ -“='\ “AL-1,, I’\’. I A KN V A

—°- . . .. -.- - mu n . x 1-...— - . ' A , - ".- " .1.'. ..,..,\,‘.J- 7.-
of inxeetLeLt. LL Lac Lg» 0L3 undel “LLCL uLe adeueL “Lil
an -—. ‘ p“,‘ . ..a-I— ': :“1H «A ~——'— ~4- —,\ -' . x A
of Late SLOUld LLLO DO etgueu. LLe LeLu Lucy L tLe e«lec-

-’-‘ fiV‘-. -'-. "’ «'1‘ r“\-. fifir.‘ f . . . "1" \ -
tiOL o; a p LLe LUZUGL. LLLS Etud‘ lS llLiLcd to tLe uUll‘-

' L .. .9 4.“- - .'- . .1.‘ L .7- L. , . .‘ 4. - -A - -' ,. .. ., . 7- ' -..—s.“
mas OJ. hue LJ'S 'u 41.; ULL. u are LSC: L uO V “U .. “_LLVS 4.30111 L11: LL].
. -.-»."— ..j. .' .. ~~. ,4- .' 3-7. ... '1 1 -- -_r. .L‘.. 4.--“?
‘to LLLLeU, a Lore COLletG EHLLL, ”ouLL aLalJL ULe ngeS
“:1 ,- ‘ q .9; ~'- (3 J- -. fir- 1‘. 1 r< -. --\ ... 1" r‘ 71 “‘9‘ f‘ 1".‘ _‘flflN F"’- f" CI 13 ‘0': o‘fi ‘ -,-~ (-
O.L L;- i.) UL; DLOLL J.-O .....LLLJ, Och; awrfll L) .LL, ul-.. 1..., O ULO LL 98.4»).

J‘” A -"- -*.-‘ -'--. - 4‘1- - t Nr 17 '\ ‘-\*'bqr“ A1“, 4‘ r1 -. ~1~r~ ..‘ /|‘ [I
Lulu: Ell veg. I~rl V88 Luum L-Q~V 8 DEC... 4».— ._, 9.95.1... bGu bee 3%,-.8 “r“? .

. ‘n n— ’. “ -.‘ '1‘. v -. -. ‘ J‘ ‘-I‘ ' ,\ ’w r- 3. -\
1-9 secoLL OLJCCULVG ...Lll we no eL-J;-2.:;is tLe 011M413 ..L ,-

. '.-‘ .2 J"! .3. ' ‘- ' U r .“ ~ -\~ ’. .7 -‘ '. ‘ . n 1 7 ,. u ‘ ‘ " “."-- ‘ l "" 1
LLLULLl 00: per FLU 23 3L0 LQLLQLHUL LLxeLgJ ELGSQLue;

n —. n ,1 g :— ~-n n. —'. ~w :1. ~ 1 r. r- a a- 4*: n: J-~ .--w * . .1 W ”‘71-" -‘ A. .a-u :
Lle Luge»; UO ‘v'uL, L“; GJGJ... 0L s....1..1.v.LC:.-CU o QMV,....LC\;L_..-V. 9.4-x...
A. ~ _.. x 7- f‘ l ‘ ,. '1‘ -.. ,’ .0.“ .r‘ “ _l -. 1-: “fl '3 l’] (S ~“I '* 1N - 3 -, ,-, .1 (a (V C ,1, r. r‘ r»- ~‘\ (3 C: (j l
9.4....LLA‘” 1-1;...) C‘l‘“"‘dl i.1.~Ou.J—.e~—~‘ n... .1. ("4.40 we («...-JCL-uuu u twat-J Lax/V .Lu.
~‘ «1 1‘1 '- ‘ N "’3 A (W 1 ~ P " 'P "y I) :1- \ A "T. . -‘ h l C' (1 .1 J". L"? 2— /J (.‘_ ..i 7“ ’3
‘ILO LJ-i—e;-U Ocul- CQIC¢L ”I‘d Lt Evin—O .L»s—K.4 ..L.ld-$Cv- NV-LCC U—LO;— CI—L U—AU VII—*Ab
J.

for 4‘ . w '1 1 ' _._. -— I.“ 4- .. -2 A - , _
;,Tu€» .vst w: -ode SUJQGCblVClD s, tge s.lie proluoel.
" “. '1‘"? r I" ".I‘ v- - ”‘r
Alternative o.iie s steis
! rt “\ r ‘ "1 “’1‘ “n N 'I' 1 '1‘ . 1' r f‘
¢ble vI-1 eroselts iour tosslole alterlstltes oi
. . -. Jun». n 1,, ...,H. 71‘. .. ‘«.-.-°~ . 1 ‘!~- ~- ;.'
COllEtJ—P‘CLC—Lgii". a Linl¢-e deUd.4_. .LLLe lueCLLQuLLLLGU, i-ecl-Leu,

alterfiative COASICCMGd for system I. Ctger variat'OXS
of equipseut, hea”ing systoss, coustruotion could have

been presented, but they could not have been coupered to

iujs examined in this study. System II is a

P:

other buil

‘« " I. s . 1 -' - r- "‘ c-‘ 'v‘-' “MN V (3 Wm.“ . "" h ' V‘ 57'.”V a '1 ".4 '- ~ ‘3
two dulldlflJ Sgsteu composed f d COwblhqt Cu lullOH-Lul-
sery ouiloiuf oil a finishing buildinj.

w

Syste; III is a three ouil’inj sTsteu rhich uses

any alternative of the ferroxing, fiu“se“y 0“ fitisnin-
buildings that are presented. In System IV an asuitiomal
uurs '; is needed to keep ufi with the outyut of the farr
in; house and allov a clean-up and decontamination pe“iod

of one meek.

thcrLative Stine Systeps

 

u _— "—-—-.u---_..—.....‘—-—-—_ b-u’I—WQ—‘u—wufl

 

m-r..._ h‘-.--.—*—ow”‘l
—.———.I I—--—-A- ..~-.-.- on -- hrs- or -..... _fl- _aw— .- .v-o .-. .r-~‘-—w-—--l H ...-g”--- .L--“.- Inn-hm. —_-_ mu‘ I I - I

L‘ IS I — Cne Building

iario.-to-:"i
“u ildi n.rs LSIILIL; out gurt : 1t

0)
C 1
0
sh:

H++

I” ‘1
OJ '
H
H
I
l
m
\

1:0 Build i1£

l“).

01 1bi1 at on

E mil ' -'.urser3 Laxiuun output : 520
e

S"STLL III - L ree Luild ixwr

‘1

w‘nr‘ " -. - r" u-firj ’z-f ’7'“. . -~‘ -. 1. 3‘ "\ mu "-.1 ‘ “L ‘ (‘ r.
garrouin3 Mel LthSLLL: lefliaum output : UGO Dlgs/

..- ‘ .g‘ ’1‘! Q“ ’_~ T: . fl I T" ‘ - - \
Luiluin3 Luildin3 LuildiL; yea
(”’T‘j "1““ ’ ‘.‘ -. ‘.-‘ - -’ “ -' v ~m
04.1.1.1...1;. I‘f "' 4:01.11 pLLLlCLLl_LJp
.. Lil‘s Cl“ —
‘."n-fl'-.fi * 3" a T 1 1(3. ‘
J- Q‘IJ- J. O J—A-A .h/L LLi luv. 1L4:
“- I. ‘1 ‘5". ~— -. “$3.! ~1~ ' .1»? ,.
..JLLLLQLLQ .1.‘ LLLISLILIIJ
“ -. :3 '. -/ .—o h f‘_ "" . " w‘ fix J- r. .’ —’\ _.. »‘
Luilui13 1a“ Lo: OUthU : goo LInS/
.... UI‘SCl‘; {fear
LuildiL3

 

The choice of the svstem depends upon the follorin;

factors: (1) the number of pigs produced 0y the system,

C'

(2) the initial cost of th system, (3) avera e total cost

*3
go

per pig produced, (4) advantages & disadvantages 01 par—

1.

ticular system according to en3ineering and husLandry prac-

tices, and (5) the human element.

System I

Eacn system nas a different naxinum level of output,

which greatly affects the initial cost of the system on

a per p°3 basis. The charts n the effect of meaning a3e
and le"el of 1-;ultiple farming; indicate tha the farro::-
to-finish buildin3 will be used for 6 Lcnths fro; the tine

the fier son is brou3ht into farron until the buildin3
is cleaned up and ready for the next litter. It can be
readily seen hat a farror-to-finish buildin3 an produce
only txo litters of pi3s per year under the as su11ptions

0 'V

Lade in Chapter 3. Even thou h the build in3 nas he lovest

1,49‘

level of output xhen used as a swine cenlir eLent systen,
there are s Le advantages and disadvan ages to such a build-
affect a decision re3ardin3 its desirability.

It is arwued that System I is the most desirable for the

"Reduced labor , tb e building needs to be conpletelj
cleaned and decontaninated on y triCe a year. If five
farrow-to-fh liSh bu ildin3s were constructed, to produce
800 pigs per year the number of thorou3h cleani ui3s mould
number ten. In the conventional three buildin3 system at

a level of output of 800 i3s the farrom and nurse rv rould

*d

each have to be clee.ned 1O tines - a total of 20 times.

In addition the pens used in the finishin3 shed UOUlQ

-.

h ave to be thorou 1ly cleaned each tin the “i3s are Loved

1D.G. Jedele and Ea3e L. Lellin3er, Iar rov-to-bi r.ish
in One Building," Successful 3a3nin3, Vol 59. Lo. 10,
October 19t1, p. 4 -55.

‘m

fro Le pen to

-"'I

'1“ ’! _'.‘ .."-f4‘ 1.“! 1
anot-er reflulrin3 cleanin3s

(10 groups f piss, each 3roup usi.fi fou pens).
"Reduced stress on pifs". In the iari“ -to-f 'ish
system pi3s are LalLeted from the same pen -OL Lhich they
are b rn. In theory this rra tice sh uld eliLiLate the
res Idjustnent of the social order each tiLe the gigs are

‘ f“. f“ f‘
*Lofii.

moxured. C: 388

are eliminated

‘

id feeders

However, in sone

e litters of pigs frOL t:e pet they are

“ gens because f the liLited snace of

en. This division Lould t be very ha‘L-

ld tahe place when the pigs mere quite large.

(:0
U5.)

should occur le frequently and

be Lore eas 1y confined to buildings in thich started.
Eecause each group of pijs is separated accou‘di , to so:
growp there is less chance for transnission of disease
bet een grougs. Also there is no introduction of Li: Ui3s
'nto a r-latively nature 3 ous of sT'ne. Therefore, the
new pi3s ar not s*sjected t the stress of adjustinj to
the ~.:;L431 EmildeKTCLf the older 3i s. :E there is en;
outbreak of disease i when be possible to control it
titgin the buildin” there-b; reducing the loss fr L the
disease.
",reater sche‘ul’ng fleLibil’ty" ’s also re3arded es

all-€dvanta " s“fice on '“ovi of sons is L i3he’ Lith a

Mt cu a1 farro .-to finish builiin . LL; Liscalculation

3-1 1. 1.2. ,3 .1 4- ...P- '. a - 1.-. 3. 1
1x sc1caul11_ 1063 101 311ect 118 01103 u1301.153 oecgu1o

excess labor 163v re1ents or idle;' less of builéin . @113
31,011 is not 2. suaz‘titute for '90 : :..a;'.1'_je;;gc:;t o: herd far-
f0111; date: for 31; LiscalculatLOL is 8173111ve 11 ter1s
ofiéed. breeding tine, labor, and iLVCEL1CLfi.

‘ 1 1

m3 3.! -.1 7. -111 1. -_ 3»: 1- -' . ..-. z-r
1-18 Q1CL.1.'C.11 b51109 O1 b-1153 L.‘U.J.lfll11i {1&2qu 3.3.8 0011-

1.3-“, d v'»? -’-‘ \ '3 '3‘ "OI-f --2 V? ,0 -~'\ “.1 -1 dawn—.1 Hm P! h“ IN" ~ -. {.1
CC‘L—O ¥¢_UAL _1-C;L.L_LC:LC--CL,OJ. -—-*+;L/b-Ldoio T Lvl— GCKJ;-O..-I_CLJ0

f‘ '_‘ _‘ o -.- ‘ -\ 0 .~. ‘3 .0 '1 -‘ -_ _7 ~ . ..
1e011se o1 1rle lltterg 11:3 1 11 1:39 to we MCVCQ

1' '1 .° 1. - - .11 7,. 1 4-3 ..2_ 2 .1 ...- .11 .n . .1. .11“
11 .13 -1: 351131; 10 1161;; 113 p11 3 11; _1C011x: 01.:100111 11-0
(“Vt- '3‘ '\ ’ n31 ”'3“; "' J3. 3 1 (‘t . "3 n -:'r~ ‘n-n .t r. u _1 -. "1"“. 7'~“~- 1-1 -'~ 3* -\ 13’”. -.~.
Hbomb 3' ‘Qfi‘ .“ LJ , U..- -Q ln~ ‘oa L‘tv“. J- .' — O -;L *‘Aofi- ';-A La V5.L—A—Vh-L——I-: -Le " C(:~::e.L

3 r“.‘ _I ~ _ o _P .0 '2‘. _1_<‘ '0 - _‘_ _ |fi ‘11. -w ‘1 .0 3 .11. 1 p O _‘_“ _K 1
or l1u1ter 913 11 11c l1tucr 11;;t 08 D111 31 a1u 11311rbea

.1. .13.. —-J— “,4- .v—3, 1-- 11 - J— ‘ ---" -~- - 1, 3-0 3».
go 110 61-93111 115:» .-e .4011Ld 11011 _112131 1311213 ..e111 :;3 .1 118

1-“ Q ‘~ -fl \fil n qr: . ‘ h #1 ‘9‘ ‘D‘f‘ "b ‘ t “ " ’. '1‘ ‘ “3| ‘(“‘ ’| a" . (“Q
l—CVQ .800... .1 $11.0va J.-- Can \A.h.|..~ 81 e i4‘UA‘ 2- .1- Uy‘ in. L4 0.1. - .LDJ )LCA-‘ALO
1,1 ,1: .11: .1
COL-LL U...Ol1 o
”1‘ ‘ 4- '\ v -’-~ '— r1 1. J-* \— - ‘fi - A- y 3‘ 4- ~v-
1ven u ou 1 “G 101 311 111 33 30011203 1-310111110 1
“t 1‘ s.“ “C "s r 3‘ \ 1“ .‘_"‘\ '2 4' 1-3‘ ~ -. -\
t1e same 1100: ;1;sce a1 a iull 3rohu l1uter t1ere 1111 be
.113" 1,, .1- .0 . .‘1 4-3-, .1. -o .- _ ' .. - 3"- .' 11' 4-3- .. ° , 11 .
D111 0 8 go 1 0111' 11 U..-S 0L1 u 01 311.3. 1.11 .. 11.1. C11 L110 36 3.2 G..- C 8 C. C
pus ‘ I I_'

" t,-'~ V'- ¢-- \ #3 f*' w 3* - ._ ,l' V
floor LEQCG. 19 610033 £_1LC€ 13¢ be 83 “EC; 33 W1 thCTG
”Om n t Yxn 'n "x ‘9 x-1 -- 74-1 A r~ "3" ‘3 3 ’2 J3“ ' 3 , 31"“.(3
1211-. £11 01. 1101'- [30.11.011.11 0... OLA, Cl b..O ..1011u u1111.

--' 1. .11 . 3.» 4— _,_ 3- » 43

.593 ;1_ rQCLLUL11011UL 3122 as; 1::ed 11) 12113 03113 01
-11 ~~ ~’ ”1. - -. rq J-‘-. .3233 .J- - - . “ ~ 1 ~ 1 ‘L~ . J- u . '2 12.1.-..
t--e 1-0.. 00313 p1; , we :11, a 1631. 1: 0-111; Lbeu no 1 US 0:11.301 uh.

"‘a "3 ”+7" "J3 '5' "n “on “.32 r"“~d"od':°m”~r: '"t'a‘r‘o ‘3 '33 "hc‘Lde *1 '0 l
0".e AA.O&‘L Ug— OLLL’ OJ- 13118 d VLVJ— O ##LVLK/“V‘I-b L)-$vJ—¥J _LK/ IILVLJ UV LO-L -
w . 'L-v - A '- "‘ 1i§-. '23 r: 3 Q " '25 y'1 71".} ~ ' .

er Gaga-3. 1 11,, co 131“ (3 L311- 11‘ 2:1- \ “:11 33811611 . 1110 V01. U la-

, 1. -1 \J“ 1.: ,

4-: -- (--...1. - _...-r- 3-. ‘11 f.‘ 311.11 .2-..” -6“ -. ,w ”4-,.
U-LOLA (- C be--- 11 U L.)’3 CC~JLVLJ1 - 0 d. -I.C.J.-CL1.L.L- ——‘ JU-¢G 5:411 e Chl-LO‘J—l.‘ LIN;

..AyLDJ V

.me uma «H.0maw ou mmwmuoca vases weavawsn onu mo umoo on» wcwvawan m an vmoawoua
mum awwm ow mace mH .vmommuuca ma uaauso ma uaasn up umaa uwcwvagsn AmGOguavv< .mea own ou uzauso
mmmmuucw ou huammwoo: mum mwcwwaasn o3u .mucowofiumo BSEquE an «wan ooH mosvoum Haws mcflvfiwsn mac macaw

 

mo.m©m ~q.o¢n.mo .mwuam smflcwm
noun3ouumm u o

oo.mow mm.om¢.¢m .mmuam gmfiafim
nouu3ouumm u m

oo.mom m~.oom.mq .mwufim smacfim
nouuaouumm n q

....
I

M

_.h co.mow HN.0mo.~m .mmuHm nmficfim
nouusouuwm - m

oo.mo» «H.ow~.H~ .mmuam nmwcflm
nounaouuum . N

oo.mow No.0mm.ofiw .mcfim smacgm
nouusouuam a a

 

«mam com mmfim com mwwm o¢o «mam owe «mam can «mam ooH umou .wwdm Hauoa mafiuaflam

 

 

vmosvoum man now uooo maqcfiqan wsu uuuommd wcflvafism H amuamm an» no on: no Hu>oa any

NtH> manna

_ ’ h r, -l-WV‘ ~_ ' _ fin 0 _fi _1_ ‘ 1 4. h r\ ',2 ,F
LontL of awe L1e eJeteU 13 uOb ueea Lo CU11C1 d.
J- O Q . f‘~ f‘l _I ~_‘ -1. ’. I v 7, fl" 0 -\ '- 1“ r. _I‘ - ‘ .J- 1_ ‘ '1 _l _ 11"
IL 13 11poee1ele Lo flt t1e LU1le1UV ;ub0 3 Lree'1Uu
‘\' ’w-- 1.“ '0 hm 'l’w‘r‘” r‘ .3 "’ "" 1" " rx"‘.‘.“ " (\f' . "‘°‘ -" \ "O '
1ro1er 01 1900 bugn ¢ 311 heen hee1111 eve “1tUCut 1eed-

113 the sow ior an 81C? a. neat veri oi.

..L.

b

‘ .C' ' fl

1' ....“ r~ “,r'ffl n - '3‘ J'h -— J- a n“ "' "°- - '9' -- . PL;-
Lue 11eet~~t die edvahLU1e o1 Lfie 1a1rou-Lo- 11191

7
‘
1‘
'1
Ci"
0
E.)
H.
U)
C
p -
’
(D
H
, A.
\1
O
'7
C...

“v “L <' fa! w ' ~ , *6? \C
L UeUL cost. £113 ejete1 cos Ls “UU.LL

Der pig ()10,390.CT + 1C0 : CL.CC). The di1femenee in cost

.1.

rel1eeos tge gasted :jeee, and inefficienL Ute of equipgeht.

q

“1’ _ 1- .1 - . .3. ,1 _‘1 0 1 a _I‘ ‘ o "A ..L‘ ‘ q —. ..
rurtuer e1scdranLages Llll De e1scueseu 11 L1e seventeges

of the other systesm. Table V1-2 1Ue1cates tie the

M11 Uin3 cost of arodue

K3 3 , .1. .M 0 ~-,-- r.- ‘0..-' .L’ 7‘ .1:- L- ,- _-., _ ...-
T115 swsLeU 1s composed 01 a 001'1U0L1OU 1arron-UarserJ

Vl“ 1-4 -vn . '~ . "x . <n r4 . v w u — wt) 4—11 1 '."'V‘ J‘ ‘. ‘ --'
DU.ildii -_ CLd a f1n1eg1U3 LOUSG. 11 LU- aSSdeL1OQS 01
‘\fi"‘\ 'z‘f '"b .2, (\‘4 1‘ PVC '1 4“ (‘""‘I 11"](‘fl 'fi (‘4 ' ' \ ‘Dr‘ ’I"! T". "\ h“ t" . ('N
c—Ll-HJZJ Dd J tau-L C LLQ \JL‘ , LI|| O i)... 0 L51- 0 O CO I. k.) (“'1 O -- 1-5:.) '0' lee C»:
.. - . 4.1,, I. -1- , _ .9 .L‘.) .3,— .L 4,, mw '. -..o - ,_
gear 1' LUe na1 1:; CU tpUt 01 UALS SUSUeL. 1A8 ”$11111

OULput of the bUildiL3s Teeifued in this study tould be

\
[U
C)
u'
Po
3
C)
C)
(D
H
e:
C.)
{J
H
O
f—J
} 3
U
(D
H
H.
i-jo
{CD
CH}.
*4.
O
:3
Po
[1
0
m
8
(D
p.
(.5;
Q 1'
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: L
I.)
J
(D

a

.1 n ‘I .0 ‘ ,- _ _A I "7" q Nj'v "T‘I‘I 4" I" 4- h "3. I _L _ '-
ngzt 1 11 AppeUd11 A shone LnUL a COUU1UaL1on ferro -
m - a" t -1~:u n M , ~ ~ ~' -» m
nurse J Uu11a 13 031 we used 313130111ULelr £1ve t1heo a

year. Charts ¢,3,4, and 5 noint out LL noseible alteMUU-

LL
_‘ ‘ ‘ .0 ‘-‘A. J— _,‘ __' 1 D '3" ~ _
t ves 0011s der1L {1-18 giesuat101. 3e“ OCL 01 tLe $0.. L-1d the
““ .‘flr-n - -D ‘ - .N D '1 .nw (\‘1 V - 1 n
“ean1-3 a e 01 tLe 91,. I1 th LLigs L e LeaLe; et a1 a e

D 4-- I ‘2' 5‘ 1““ J-‘- *‘r-v r‘rc «A1 fit) "fifi‘ - '3‘ -‘

01 b-1188 ..eeLs L;-d t--e sons L1e 1eo1 ed acc01d°11;j_, DO t--e

‘fi ‘1 '1 - '5‘ ~ 4'. -.‘u‘ ~"'I 1 ...“ "a” ‘r‘. h‘ '\ ‘1 ’I ‘ 4 ' ‘1

01-9.1t, t11e11 1ou1 _L,»1us 5,101.03 01:11.1 c-L11 _vo t11iou;__>11 tLe
-Or~-'\ "“ "1‘ a . '4 r ‘- ‘ .‘r~~ n‘~ ~n - fl - 1-" ¢ *'

comb 'uation 1L rob-Lu1se1: build L.. L11ee 1.Jioups 01 sons

0

require the use of use ouil in“ six plus tines, ugich is

T“ ”t 4“"‘h1. 4"“ 131"?" r13] ‘1’? r".‘\ 1'\-‘\ d 1 w" t“. 7"} n v» v“ r‘"‘
“-0 1. e U-..k-~A& blo-he LA.L.-L\A..~¢a . Cland- 3.} 0 Inc (3 o .1. ‘-e .1)" n) {An}. u' GQLL;-

ed at six weeks 0“ age and the so:s are ”Eu 1ed sccordin:

to the chart, then four grovps of '158 an utilize the com-

0
l'

b11ation ferrot nurse y.

Taercfore the combiuation farro:.—nurs ry building con
be used four tiLes a year by 320 pigs. The total cost of
the combinatil furrow-lurcer is $5,343.76. The cost
pcr pi; produced is .gor0"1L tel" $29.22. The finishing

1ldin" designed for this study has a capacity 0” 320 Digs
TlliCh is much too large for this SysteL. Therefore, the
cost of a buildir; built to the specification of ”LL11

.

r '2 x .-. 1. _ 1,1 , v . .. .7. ”1-. ' _.- ,1 . , L
EI-J Les beeL estiLLted usiuL use sLLe 02 S10 data Ls used

.5
«.2

i1 the other 1111 -1n‘s (see L110 _di: 3) space for 1£u

o 9‘ {v _o 1 1 _c\ _fi. 0 o _‘ ‘ 4. £ ‘ ”Q _ _v_ 1 J): ‘9 'g 1 _g ’ F ‘ ‘ _o 1
p1os L1 1 oe su11icieLu accord1-:; to 91 1111SL1LL ou1lc-
.‘ J. D 4--

u: reqzirereqts1or tLo jgrouos of s TS. (See Chsrt c

;- o _ -v-.
-1731: e11d12. 1;) .

o '9
.

(N_ c c O

._‘ 'r‘« '1‘“ \ I l ."| -. .y’ r, 7 .1 '- '.I

“w :14 UV--- .L & .4—.~-.a-\r-.L.J--.. -
.1 .J

a O

1 .1”?

H.W‘- — -. ~ . "L "I .. » .. -v .7 .
, . . 1 . \r\ z- . ‘.1 «I _ ’1.
119.121.11.114 4*}.-.01: 11.611 111.116.1111- UL)

 

 

 

 

 

fig: iL squsge Total Space
3: u) beet/E1; Lequired

LC 3 4C;

50 10 _ZCO

Total 120m
Alleys L1”
Elexibilit; (131 of total) 170

Size of LuildiL; 1,5;1 oouare

Tge cost uer p1u produced in he ”inishiL; systeL

would DC 32o.C+ (Sec ”Lwle U-L). T; tetLl ou11o11; cost
“ _ _o -4 1' w .0 r. ' r-x' .a " ‘1' b ' _ v . ;" f‘ -) ‘V._ - . r‘
ger 9L1 p1ouuced s 11;.1o + (1L.'4 L 1,3.11. 1Le totLl
.' .r‘ .- .14 -r‘! .1 - ,n- 3 -1 n 1-. -° 1-! -- I 1. 1 1 1 1’ .
cost 01 t1e eLoloseo 111111111111Q Lu1lo1Lv 1 (1,,JJ.&L (see

{13:01.8 1/7 -11" ) o

71r~‘\'7 A '27: ,"
1.“..u_‘_L’3 d -‘T

'1 - .- .‘n. - .2 . . "x- l .. 1 "'3 _ .' ‘- .° . . _-.._
.-‘ . ,-.‘ -. (a . ‘. J ( V'r' ... ‘ r: ~ ‘1 x V
.Jp:.L.LCL.L-L .1 uu ..1 UG.-- II ...:--C O~CJ. 1. 11-1., -...Ll- ..J--C

1-. ' .. [__g _'_ . J_ F' "‘ _‘ 'rV ‘. c
‘ r3 " ‘ ‘ "' 0 - 'j. - I _ C. "“ 1 1 ' "‘ ~‘ "' O
U;‘ 0...; g-« V... ..-». o ADA-fit-oc UQJ- ‘ 0/ J. O ‘VCLLLJV
\V F‘ ~ _ r _fi ,2 - - __v‘ 1 r”? ' ‘.-\' [W -. _j_ r,
u uu-1v 1 u. , 11p VOLLLL

_ -n-a‘.’”.—..o .— - -1. ..--— '- H--\ --.-....- - ”—p- ...-x-. _..-_- -. ~-o-—--.—-.——---.4-—.. - -. -‘.

as
J.

1
n.

.- -

—q.‘ A I: . o
lpeu “u CT

.1113." “e Luger

V
. ." w" .2- ‘ 6.1. '7 ”.4.
.- {31% .‘rir
‘~ 1 - ‘T 11.0 D "“va -LVL‘aL’

-—--.- >- w -—~ m.——-—.—--

—--.-- 94—— .- ..~..——-- .r..-..-.-—...p-.ov .1— -4 b. u- - ---- .- ----——:- w. vwfi‘mHO-wfi-Vh n—vhh- - ”...—.....- --- --.___.._—.~.__..__-_ -..

0L13TTUL1I”T
11-: ELK/’3. LJLOL". 4p; . '; p
Footin s L1.Tfi
COLC'rete 1711:: Q4341.
3: 3 hill 15?.

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o

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“.3 uvr‘ 0'

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su11d113 Lotal slew oost 1oo 51.5 J40 1133

M- “- “...-V‘s vO- m~ .--.- ~--.- .Lvo- -.——9 ‘ b..-- ~~v-.II’_. _..

 

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J n t . i‘. “ 1:}uf 4" It“ I I w hf
31.10.11 4 63.228 .2 _,1 ,jhfj o ‘70 “4' k.’o‘“§“+ '/ 041;;
' } V ’- < It‘d “q r, I r _.. '7’ ‘r' C3”
},l::vl: “4‘ case I IL} , 1753/ {Q (1 "I‘+3 . [“1" a“); . L/{
.. f: C' " ‘\ j" "j' 1‘ r" ’-‘ if "' r‘. {x ‘
£18.11 J 93.88 11 ,/’_)/7.1L/ I3 )Q./C 1“;)|01V
-, F ‘ . '7 1’?” r" ~ r ’C J": I?
Plai J use I ‘3’ l ,“+L{ .UL ‘JAEUQ‘OLd 3d,} .(_1
"I‘ ’1 "‘ . flq‘! -" ,74 *3 °. 1 . ‘C
1 nisn1-3 nuiloin;
~-- - r x 77-7 " '~r~ as» r: d.-
:las 3 case L1 »o,JL,.Lo ,3L.oo fidu.0w
-.r-.—-‘.-‘-—v.'---v I‘D-ufl-Hf‘_ _.. —---—- 0-.‘-‘ ‘ .‘—:—‘_‘. v——.
(3," ‘ e H‘-‘r~_v"(\- w n‘fil ‘HO'I‘ 7q---'ao,—7~ . .... -.~. _..—... r“. ... r‘~ '1 1‘31 ,-..(... ”\q a
.‘ U4, 5.; UQLLL «...-— .LL Ll ___. J. L-L1CO LAO ..L. 8 0119.13. _/t__ H'J‘ JV ... L;
V - - 3‘1 >9 ‘ 1 T “ ‘3’ ‘fi DAN r\- p -. I“
gear 01 Lore 3enera11; u re than Lear 3rou.s 01 p133.

:3 - * fl.-. 2-? "7- .0 ~,— “‘1 -' A .r- -~ -~.. -
see isole 14, n rendin s 1or enplanation 01 nursers

C A. ' " 0 w o .
T~e 1‘1m111in3 ouildin: des'3n tnat 1s lsed 18 c m-
abl o the condition of the farrov-to-finish ouildir3.
rs

magf be used but they will be more expensive
ariovicr conditions. If the otller alternative

.L

over cost ib will not provide the same 001 ditions
tne ferrOt-to-Lini31 builQLL-

The advantage of the two buildir" system is that the build-

in; cost per pi; produced (.;55.22) is much loxer than the

cost of production in system I. The disadvantages are in

j C

1-11113211“L1‘“e s.11 .:o' 11:L'~f';1
t e 0“ 0’ 1 ho n1d I€“d co t “1e t o Uilci 3 Custel

f‘

require more clea11i13 periods than tne s"stem I. AltLough

U1

no empirical 8v 1d deacc, it is cno ent the reduce

{b

H.
(I)

there
movement and sorting 01 piss in ‘uildinss Sys em I as com-
fared with ”vsten II will lower the 1ccd co per pifi in

N . "n

\ 1"- J- V‘ '1'- '13 PI 'fi 1, ‘ 7‘1, '1' 5v ‘ . 1:" -0- -. V f“ 1 —(‘~ , a r-a
L3Sten I. IU nas not seen dctcinined 11 tne disLdVLnt o. 3cs

11112.”.-

1

l

N “I“,
‘. - J.”
Dar ULge
n3 te

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‘1‘!" (:1

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JuA-,‘-)

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per year
euild

’3'“.
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Q

educ

three

d;

e

can be r
J.‘A
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urser
of

‘f‘
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ten

to

is erected
rate

.r'
.L,¥3
eve
\;b9
.1

‘

1"
H

1'

J.

.1

for up

ld
A

ble

(1) Reduced in tie cost of the ouiluii svstem per

pi? produced. If comps r able structu es are used for analy-

J-‘ -1 ‘1 7 '1 ' . -

tic cal plrpOSCS been tee ouil di.‘1i cost of production mould be as

{‘1 J- \ '1“ " {'1 T3 ' ‘ H. 5':- ‘ t'
local sldg dost/ii; [Josr

(2) 3133 can be sorted into even grOupg to eliliflate

bullies, and tsil-biters.

' > .‘ v'n [‘P '1‘
iree Duiiullb EJSU

O
t
{Z

mq" q '9 Q - 1" " r‘~ _K‘a 4“
LJ._G O... ' $3.0. fall—Ce- V9.1; .L 11.10
1 -->~ - r1 0 101“ “"1 a P”, N . '5 _ "1 ”‘1 ’4' J‘ N P\-‘BQ n it q-n
.140ij; v uvUOJ. leg-LL11 CLUAC-LLU UGCSUL O 0.1. “LL :1}; va CL
‘-. \h-w -’-.' Il-q~ Ila «5‘ --w -: \fi --‘
uuuber oi UAOLOUQH cleeuiugs.

(2) Excessive s0“ti;3 mat isturo oifs such that love“

H
S)

i
(D
(0
0

~0 r. 3 ~-\ .7 ‘ x -" f - ‘fi '7 ”it -‘~ (N -. ‘ --. ~ -. u
i sin sud digs : iced oeuver ion ratios us; result

.)

A
\~.'

3) Disease ouilduo in the finishing shed oece use of

'srio1s sizes 0; pigs in one buiicii1;

“‘4. .1- . 'V 7 .0 .-q4.‘_ .. -, - , J.”- ,1 .L - .1. - ..-, .- 1” .1-

lb seculd se iuitser noted gist lb is bOSSlulC to
“N "L" -..- '- 1 ~ -' ‘ fl *3 f" "‘1 ra 1 I! . ‘ . 'f‘y "‘ 1 J‘ V." (“.1
518GB tie nursery 2.11:1 J.31"J.Oulli\j o diloi rigs esc- to— e 1d.111e

”.1...“

cost of the s uctures co«biic; tould be reduced msteriellr

_‘ -l_1-_ - 'I-‘ - 1“ _V .1- . 1 ‘1 I ’.‘ _. -. “v- . ‘A 0 J- ‘ .I‘ww J— _o “2-.

“1:, L43.ie a: U.-g...Li be .39 C UECL {4.3 CCL..?C‘..1."LV be Lil—l LIE; o ..'....8 cos U 0.2. LIAle
‘. .L.', -i M .\ .2. -.,._ - 1 w 1 . 1 '3 'n - ,J, .1-" _ -0 - . --
1.ng b... ... _, Cd's U013 7:. 01.1.1.0. Ce refillceu 1-11‘012Qi'. bile 1.1.38 0.1. C, CO:.l1.-Cli

boile". Lsuure sijers ould uti liz e t‘11e same motor di ive

“”3, 4- --.. u 1 "

-,.- -. .. 1‘ r, . 1 - 1 .044. '1 j\ .1- as
uiit. _iere uOL d be iurtuer bcseiits i1 tiet oAC lsr;er

‘ " -. 1 '1 - “ r. .x- " .v -,, '

building COUl‘ oe oUilt at s LOL‘l COSt pc“ square iOOt.

92

.m vacmmm< .«a manaH mew a

 

 

wn.¢H N~.mH a~.¢~ ¢¢.om ww.~5 mm.ooo.HH NN ammo ms cusp
«o.¢~ Hm.ws H¢.¢~ Ho.om -.m~ o~.nHN.HH an ammo ms aqua
«o.HH mm.¢a o¢.¢H o~.¢~ oN.mm oq.oam.a w memo ms cosh
an.oH mH.mH mm.NH Rm.o~ ¢~.~m wo.mm¢.m x ammo NH scam
w~.mH oo.os m~.- ¢H.mm mm.eo Ho.o~o.oH 3 «mac NH swam
mm.m~ mm.NH mH.m~ o~.¢m oq.mo Hm.moH.HH > memo AH swam
nN.NH oH.- mm.m~ mm.¢¢ Rm.mw “H.mo~.¢s a menu as swam
«w.ofl mo.- oo.w~ ao.~¢ w~.¢w mm.~fiq.ma a ammo oH swam
Ho.mH mm.m~ mo.~m um.~¢ «o.mw m~.oH~.mH m ammo oH swam
«o.nH em.¢fi oo.o~ mo.¢m mfi.wm wn.won.~H m «woo m swam
Hw.~H o~.- mo.m~ Nn.¢¢ eo.¢m «a.n¢~.¢a o ammo m swam
“n.0H H~.om No.5~ me.~¢ em.~m o~.¢n~.ma m ammo m scum
¢~.msw ~¢.m~m ¢~.Hmw om.o¢w -.mew em.Hmm1¢H» 0 «ago m aqua
canom wawnmqawm
ew.w HH.HH ~m.¢H -.- «q.q¢ mm.~HH.~ z ammo n swam
He.“ o~.m em.NH ~m.ms qo.~m m~.mm¢.n z ammo m swam
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venom hummusz
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mH.m m¢.HH ~m.mH mm.- oe.m¢ ~¢.~mm.~ a ammo m away
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ea.mw mH.Hdw Hm.¢sw hm.-w «N.¢¢» mo.mnfl.mw m ammo N cusp
omaom mafiaoupmm
«mum com amen oqo mwum owe «mum own «mum cos ounce .mesm sauce wcuefiuam

 

 

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mm.¢~ NN.mfl m~.¢m ¢¢.om mw.~N mm.ooo.HH NN ammo ma amfim
o~.~H «e.qfi Hm.wH ~¢.¢~ Ho.om «N.mm o~.nH~.HH Hm ammo «H aaflm
o~.m «O.HH mm.¢H o¢.mH oH.m~ o~.mm o¢.on.a a «mac ma scam
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oo.HH m~.mH oo.oH m~.- aa.mm mm.oo Ho.oNo.oH 3 mass NH scam
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mN.¢H mfi.md mH.- ¢m.m~ mm.¢¢ um.ww NH.mou.¢H a menu HA swam
mo.¢H «m.oa mo.H~ co.wm mo.~¢ wH.¢w mm.-¢.ma a ammo oH scam
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mo.mH co.mH «m.m~ oo.ou mo.mn ma.mm mn.mom.NH m ammo o swam
¢m.¢~ Hm.na o~.- mo.a~ mm.¢¢ «c.0w qm.m¢~.¢H 0 «ago m scam
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mason wafinmficam
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Nfi.o o¢.~ o~.m » qm.~Hw ~n.mH» no.5mw mm.¢~m.m a a ammo o swam
mason humousz
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co.“ mH.m m¢.HH «n.mH mm.- om.n¢ ~¢.Nnm.~ a wage m swam
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muse: wawaouuum
mmfim com «mam cow mwflm oqo uwfim omq uwfim can mwflm OOH numoo .mufim fiance mcfivfigam

 

 

vocaooum mam pom “moo magvaflsm as» auommm< awaqufifism >H amummm may «o a»: mo Hm>uq may

nnH> oHan

Conclusions

w 1* 1": j " “A r-- '7' 4‘ ... 1 r‘fln --‘r' c “n '3. 1
our uu1lu1n3 SJSUCME. -he 3 stone a1e con-

L

H)

Ther

O
v

(D
r: -\
"S

F).

ldir3 alternatives. ghcn conaarin3

.1.

H

posed of severe bu
the buildin3 systems it is necessary to select those build-
in; alternatives which can be conpared to the building al-
ternatives of another s3ste1. ;or exam; Is, the farrox-to-
finish buildin3 of System I is heated and autonated. There-

UO N.) ‘ J—‘fi -v 4- . ‘N ‘fl . F <r1 rs " 'I -' ‘
101e, the Other Sss tens Lust include automated and

U

s if a fair coupe ris on is to be made.

The farrorin3 buildin3 and finishing buildin3 of
Sys em II which are comparable to the ferrou-to-finis h
building of System I are: llan 5, Case H and Plan 9, Case
41. -oth are t11e lones t cost of the alternatives consid ed
IhiCl have a hot water heatin3 system and automatic equip-
ment comparable to the buildin3 in System .

The fa rro in;; building, nui rsery building; and finishing
buildin3 f System III which are comparable to the buildings
of Svstem I and II are: flan 2, Case b; Plan 7, Case L and

Ilan 9, Case 1. The alternatives are the lowest cost which

Jutems I

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buildin3, two nursery buildings and the

,1

finishin? buildin3 01 3;,stern IV thich are comparable to

g

the buildin3s or System I,II and III are: llan :, Case 3,

no units of Elan 7, Case 1 and ilan 2, Case 1. The al-

ternatives are the lowest cost thich have the same heatin;

.wcavausm muwmusz Bouumm u cowumCHnEoo m

 

 

HH.Nm H~.owo.mm «m.m¢~.qH mm.NHH.N mm.~aa.m mo.mmfi.m mwam com
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mo.mm an.m~o.mm ea.m¢~.¢H Km.NHH.~ sm.NHH1~ mo.oma.~ mwum oeo
m~.¢m H~.m~o.mm em.m¢~.¢H an.~ha.m sm.~HH.u m0.mm~.~ mwum owe
«m.HHH H~.m~o.mm em.m¢~.ea sm.~H~.m mm.NHH.n mo.mma.~ mwum own
mo.-~m H~.m~o.mmw em.mq~.¢am am.~HH.~» mm.~HH.~w mo.mmH.~m mwam ooh
>H smumsm .weHm
mo.mm em.san.wm «m.mq~.¢H hm.~HH.n mo.mma.~ mmam com
om.¢q «m.shm.m~ «m.mq~.¢H an.NHH.N mo.mmfi.fi mmam oqo
h¢.¢m «m.afim.w~ «m.m¢~.¢H an.~HH.m mo.mma.m «mam owe
NH.am em.ham.mm «a.m¢~.¢a an.~HH.~ mo.ana.h mwam own
m~.muam em.uam1muw «m.mem.¢aw mm.~HH.Nw mo.mnfi.~» mwam ooa
HHH smummm .meam
HH.mn Ne.mmo.aa o~.wa~.m 0H.mmm.o mmam own
~N.OHHm ~q.mmo.mhw e~.mm~.mw moa.mmm.mw awam OOH
HH amumsm .wcfim
oo.mo ~q.o¢m.mo mmam com
so.mo mm.omq.qm mwum oom
so.mo m~.o@m.mq “mam oqo
so.mo H~.oso.mm swam owe
mo.wo «H.ow~.HN «mum omm
so.mom 50.0mm.ofiw mmam ooa
H Emumhm .wvam
.quunmmmmmmm1wwm mcaeaaam we» waaeaanm madcausmxv waauaflam uaflufiasm . mmam
yum Eouumm mo,uuoo umoo Hmuoy wcwnmwcwm muumuaz muomuaz wafisouumm wo umnasz

 

 

couscoum Mam pom umoo wcquwam on» muoomw<.soummm wcavaasm «Lu «0 mm: ucmwoamwm any

w-H> manaa

.C‘

svstens automated equipment and etc. as the buildin3s 01
Systems I, II and III.
If the systems are used at maximum levels of efficiency,

the buildin3 investment cost per pi3 rill be:

.‘ f'fi .f'

buildin3 System I gco.:e
Zuildin3 System II 35.2:
Building System III 35.65
buildin3 System IV 37.11

A

II the advantajes f disadvanta3—s of the va iious sys-

O

. -‘

tens are not CORSlCBIGd, builiin3 System III has the lowest

contractual cost per Di“ produced.

J. 'J

Table VI-S indicates the cost of the systems per 313

“g

at T"ani1::.un efficiency and at various inefficient levels of

- ‘ Ava . m - ’3 3'11“": 1-.~ v‘ 1‘4“: -. - ~v . m
use. If sten III is not used at haIInum e111c1ency its

1 I

cost 3 r 1i; will increase very rapIdlv ($39.12 if 320 P CS

1he final decision on IhiCh buildin3 system to erect

‘ ~ wfl * ‘N h -‘ ‘ 4' h‘ ‘ ‘t ' I“ l. "L ~ f“ ‘n 4' *" 4'
depends neon the advanta3es and isadvanta3es 01 the sdst UGI%

human eleuent. Since the

U)
9 1
(.0
ct
(D
E
{D
*‘5
9..
d-
P J
l>—"
(D

the cost of the
first two have been discussed, the human elenent r— Cains
to be preser t for analy is.

Leca use the human element is subjective, a formalized
netliodolo3y of analysis can not be presented. It is imgor-

O

tant the swine mena3 e1 con s1der the hunan element because

 

2 1 , . ,. . . .

If the buildings were capitalized over a ten year
glanLIn, period the cost difference would be 3reater than
:as been indicated.

1
A

V

I

F'
H
H.
d-

the a; ofit ab

L

{a

. 5h 4- . A '1‘ . V.‘ 4‘1 ‘3 “A" -’ o f" P -11 A‘“ "q
tis e;ct10a Iron the enterprise e»ends

y or s-

upon the na.a er as a human being. n general, the subjec-

tive analys1s should pertain to an exanination of the follow-

depending on the

1

ins points. nore poin s could be added
4- .1.

individual fern situation.

rr“*\ 1‘: 3" - a ’3 a v‘ ~ ‘1'“ 1" -' " '-- r. . n-'\ C‘
111e s.111-e 910duce1 1.1th e.--a1;1111e the s..1ne c11tc1p11 e

'\ ", I -|‘|

1 r~ ”- .91 r. " -- a " ~ “r r~ m 1. W. "'l‘"'r‘.
a a ousin es in Vic“ 01 his nersOnal 30a s. 101 enahfle,

(Q

the labor and the investment in th szine enterprise must

coincide with the tin and the capital the swine eioducei
des’res to spend on the e'. tergrise.

The srine producer must e;: amine the 3oals of the sr'ne

.J-

swine pr acer must decide ior himself solutions to the

.- J-
I

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-

(“_1
F!

a -..o _, M -. a- 1, .- .C‘ - .- .z.
IOllOulA‘ Drool as. ”he amount 01 ca31 al s;

swine enterprise should not stifle expenditures for the
pleasure of the fa1-1ily unless the fanily is willin3 to
Lane the necessary sacrifice. She farmer mill have to be
Hillin3 to syend several evenin 13s a month aiding in the

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Gutter

Floor

Outside Doors (2)

Flywood lortitioLs

PeLels for FerroviLg Ccate
Posts

Steel ELd ate

1eLel
f01‘.zL7

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besteLers agate
veLtiletioL Doors
'ater Systeu (cool11” 3)
Later :”stom (dr1LL1Lg)
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eilinfi lLsuletloL
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bloor ILs llafiion

1011; UL1DLUUULIU

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‘3 ‘1“ .7 I» ‘1‘ \ ‘
oeo1e LLQ Lsul.

Llocks

EQUIELL11
2 - Feed
2 - leLLre
ILstalletioL of Feed Auger
InstallatioL of Lanure Aujers
Cover for Lanure AU3ers

Au3ers
Augers

_...-... -.

:‘1 r». ,fi ‘

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bquare

00st of the FarrowiL3

er 9:
feet 5;:

 

--, f‘
LL 2)

33121:
..OL

18 £11518
hate

Lleat

 

 

 

DiLeLsions 2; 0 X 20‘4
Ite: Case L Jase 0
CClb LI‘“1C- .

Lxcavati . ; 34.37 . 34.;7
Footings 104.03 104.09
Concrete Lloohs 540.10 5%0.10
EraLeHall 171.:5 171.5:
Gable LLds 24. 00 24.00
hoof c43.1o 6:3.10
COLorete 31001‘ 210.32 216.;
Jutter c2.57

Outside Doors (2) 100.00 10 .00
E1"Uood Dividers 1g.00 10.00
EaLels for EarIoriL; oiates 240.00 240.0
Posts 90.00 A .00
Steel findgates 71.00 71.00
El""ood ind EaLel 92.50 22.50
biaces for DlViQ e1 0.00 0.00
Eestners for Andgate 20.‘0 20.0C
gator figs te' (drinEluo) 135.30 .12.70
hirinfi 1&3.0“ 109.00
Eerimeter 1LsulatioL 35.25 59.2;
CeiliLj Ls 1ation 1e4.le 1C4.o;
Eramewall & ble LLd ILs ul. 65.10 55. O
1Lsul"tio 111a :LCIeto LlooLs 53.32 53.32
Floor 111:;1113. tion 1.1.1.152 .2: ”__JC . 2i:-

‘irw-I- A: r:‘
L1-LU‘J I

EIC‘AIAILL CC].

L'~;UI.L'.'11L1. .1 ':
2 - Feed Au ers
-2 - l—-e::u.“e Angel
ILstellation of Eeed Au e1s
InstallatioL of LsLu1e AL ;exs
Cover for LeLure Augers
Feeders
Haters
Feed D1speLsers
Outside Elatlorm
TCEAL JLUIEL111
VELTILALIOL. L L1. 1113 S£”$EL:
Loeuin3 S"steL
\eLt11et1on DJ' —L
”CTAL LUILDILZ ‘131

 

 

31,5CC.25
D II '1' 1'.“ka
Lfl‘) .gv
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.17, 1.5.x 00;

 

 

 

I
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“/1 , \J'1 . [,3

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

. tixa GOSt 01 ‘10 LarromiL Louce (ElaL 3‘
épggljicgjiggg: Ee1iLetcr 110.; it. uouble Aisle
Scuarc Eeet {%0.; Lot hater "eat
13.. -9110101'13 :1 '10 : 3. 2:; | 31'”
Item Case D Case L
001 011.ULlIb1..
Lxcavation , 36.57 3 36.57
Lootinjs 116.61 116.31
00Lcrete LlocLS 606.10 006.10
Framewall 192.05 192.65
gable Lnds 27.00 27.00
Roof $14.99 0 4.99
00Lcrete Floor 214.17 274.15
\JLAEJGCI‘ 5‘U.5':'r
outside Doors (4) 200.00 2 0.0“
rlyVood DlV iders 12.00 2.00
E aLels ior 1““10L_L: Crates 240.00 240.“0
rost 00.00 60.00
513881 1'3":Ci’_‘0 "51371.00 31.00
Plywood LLd rinel #0.;0 ‘0.50
Lraces for Divider 6.00 6.00
FaS Lers for Lthctes 20.00 20.00
ater SJSLGQ (”‘1L11n ) 102.;5 12.70
Hirin“ 100.00 109.00
Per11;ete1' Liw‘leILi 0L lw4.0;5 4i+. 6
Cellini Insulation 152.60 132.00
EraL~wall L Gable Lnd Insul. TS.V0 75.50
ILsulatiOL in Concrete Llocxs 6t.12 00.1;
Floor Insulation 1_ 152.0; 1:14;:
10:11 00L01L001101 ,;,;4g.y: 0,,g13. 9
ELUIPLELT:
1 - Feed Angers , 5j0.12
0 - . L11 Augers 012.94
ILstallatlon of Feed Lugers 110.24
Installation 01 Lanure Lugers €1.29
Cover for. —Lure augerS 79.50
Lecders 143.30
Haters 111.90
Feed DispeLsch 250.00
Cuteifle llatforL ~__-M”m___ ”__tgy;gél
103315111 L 1.11.-..3111 , ,32:_,. r; L :1 5.0.3:)
YELTILATILL w “LLlllu EILCLL:
Leatifig S;Stcm 1,031.50 1,691.50
'Vedtilation System 2&5450 21;.5;
10111 1311 - ;L_11111101 1,:7{.00 ‘1,;qy.ct
$0111 LUIT 1;: C '1 .T,;E2.ET (5,045.74

Estimated Cost of the Combination Farrow-Dursery Bldg (Plan 4)

Perimeter 145.5 ft.
Square Feet 1061.7

Single Aisle
Hot uater Eeat

Snepifications:

Dimensions 52'4" X 20'4"

 

TOTAL CODSTRUCTION

 

 

 

Item Case F Case G
CODSTRUCTIOE: .

Excavation 8 50.82 § 50.82
Footings 153.91 155.91
Concrete Blocks 798.60 798.60
Framewall 254.10 254.10
Gable Ends 24.00 24.00
Roof 1,167.87 1.167.87
Concrete Floor 392.83 392.83
Gutter 158.56

Outside Doors (2) 100.00 100.00
Plywood Dividers 8.00 8.00
Panels for Farrowing Crates 240.00 240.00
Posts 100.00 100.00
Steel Endgates 71.00 71.00
Plywood End Panel 52.50 52.50
Braces for Divider 4.00 4.00
Fastners for Endgates 20.00 20.00
Concrete Block Fall 88.00 88.00
hater System (drinking) 146.30 146.50
tiring 160.00 160.00
Perimeter Insulation 58.08 58.08
Ceiling Insulation 190.42 190.42
Framewall & Gable End Insul. 88.65 88.65
Insulation in Concrete Blocks 87.12 87.12
Floor Insulation 191.11 191.11

$4,450.31

 

EQUIPHEKT:

2 - Feed Augers 985.36

2 - Lanure Augers 769.42

Installation of Feed Augers 196.67

Installation of hanure Augers 76.94

Cover for nanure Augers 121.25

Feeders 222.10 0 72.60

waters 119.90

Feed Dispensers 250.00

Outside Platform 1 450.55
92,739.64 9 525.15

TILATICE & HEATIFG SISTEL:
Heating System
Ventilation System

TOTAL BUILDIBG COST

$1,778.75
245.50

 

"’2 9 021 ° 25

99,549.76

!

01,778.75
245.50

.7‘ 7K/‘f7 /"~ 4
RIC) , Ufi4ofib

 

76,997.71

113
Iable 5

tima ted Cost of the Combination

b.
m

1"!

D3ecll ications: Perimeter
Square Feet

Dimensions

 

Farrow-

151.3_ft.
1218.8
4FIIAH X 2:!4"

Lursery

Double
Hot Later

51d; (P

lan

Aisle
Heat

5

 

 

 

Item Case H Case I
CC‘TLLIUCFTOL:
Excavation 52.92 Q 52.92
“OOtlr”” 160.27 160.27
Concrete Blocks 831.60 831.60
Framewall 284.4 ”04.60
Gable Hnds 27.60 27.60
Poof 1,340.35 1,340.35
Concrete Floor 430.85 450.8"
Gutter 128.56
Outside Doors (4) 200.00 200.00
Plnr 00d Paitition 15.00 45.00
Panels for larrouing Crate 240.00 240.00
Posts 92.00 92.00
Steel Endfates 71.00 71. 00
Plywood ind Panel 70.50 '8.50
Fasteners ior Endgate. 20.00 20.00
Plywood Divider 10.00 10.00
Concrete Block “all 121.00 121.L0
Later System (drinking) 105.55 105.55
hiring 160.00 160.00
Perimeter Insulation 60.18 60.48
Ceilin3 Insulatioa 218.54 218.54
Framewall & Gable End Insul. 93.90 93.90
Insulation in Concrete Blocks 90.72 90. 72
Floor Insulation 219;:2. 210.22.
TOTAL CC‘”TRDCIICL 45,092.77 94,899.21

IPLEL ’I‘
1 - Feed Auger
2 - Hanure Aufiers

EQU

Installation of Feed Augers

Installation of Lanure Lugers

Cover for Lanure Angers

Feeders

Outside Platform

waters

Feed Dispensers

TOTAL FQUIPLELT

VELTILATIOF & HEATILG SIS”31:

Heating System
Ventilation System
TOTAL HEATILG a VELI

TOTAL BUILDIKG COST

 

 

.1; 58.20
709.42
115.68

70.94
121.25
222.10
119- .90
2:30 .00

{2,2520C9

.1,766.00
245.50

($9,337.16

 

.. 523.15

91,768.00
245. 50

72,011.30

27.86

:1)

)

Iable 8
Estimated Cost of the Lursery Hldg (Plan 6)

ft ‘ouble Aisle

Leek Leaning

I” ~,— ”71'4" 1.30 7' I‘. -_‘. q _
.1. d3) Vane 1‘. \H 1.1--I0t 2.8.th

Case J~Hot Air Heat

Specifications: Perimeter 10 .'
Square Feet '
Dimensions 3

 

l—I
C+
(D
{I
C).
{3
C]
(D
0.4
C‘
m
U
(D
p.
Y
(x
f)
m
(D
t.-

CCL””LUCIICV°

Cutter 44.73 c
Hater S stem (drinkin3) +3.35
irin3 22. 00
Additional Excavation 2 53

cmavation } 338.22 8 38.22 5 58.35
rootin- 115.75 11, 75 115.’5
Concre cc LlocLs 800.80 800.80 800.80
EraLe"uall 191.11 191.11 191.11
Cable Ends 27. 80 2'(.80 27. 0
Poof :03. 9C 8 ;.99 003.99
Concrete Floor 528.13 270.43 270.43
Expanded letal Floor 524.1”

Pen Halls 58 00 58.00 58.00
Posts 92.0‘ 42.00 42.00
Gates 125.00 125.00 ’ 125.20
Doors (4) 200.00 200.00 200.00

I 9

-- Cs”:

C)
{:5
CF)
NU}.
V)
O

'4‘

\Uk,

OK71

OUT

cea-

‘x \H

O D

C \1

OK?

 

Perimeter Insulation 42.88 3.88 43.88
Ceilin< nsulation 82.51 82.5 82.5
Framewall 8 Cable End Insul. '3.00 73.00 73.00
Insulation in C ncrete blocks 85.: 85.52 85.32
Floor Insulation 33_3__3333_ 3331;13;§_ 1;1.;§
808;; 0c.slnc; Io; -9,-1J 2; .3,14 .84 .3,000.3;
E ..;UIP;=9-.£;. 1‘ :
1 — Feed Luger Q 384.21 364.2
2 — Lanu“e Lufers 311.25 C22.SC
Installation of Feed Angers 72.80 72.80
Installation of Lanzrc Angers 31.13 82.25
Cover for Lanure LU ers 78.25
Feede“s 134.30 134.;“ 154.30
gators in--:§-I2. ---:SII: 2-2.52 I2.
TCTILL‘L OILI...“ ‘4 Sago-PC) ‘1;'1 ’17, .u\' 3,) 1E;J. “~'
VELTILLIICL 8 InnllLo SISIEL:
H atin3 System } 891.38 )1,731-"5 g1,731.75
ventilation SyS‘cm 245.30 245.50 215 50
TC. ML L‘l‘Il. 0 at; vm; 1‘ itTjC’ZCI-‘I "7:77”: :179‘7'7‘525'

EH

P 1’” ~'.--- "v ~ - 'r‘ _ ‘ 1 , f 1 “ ;: -- Cr— 331‘
ICTAL LCILDILG CC 93,924.59 9C,297.09 53,17O.C0

115

 

 

 

 

VELTILArIor m

HEATIIG SISTEL
Heating has ten
Ventilation System

TOTAL HEAT & ’EITILATIOn

C8

TOTAL BUILDILG COST

 

1,525.00
245 .50

 

11,770.50

65,935.79

Table.7
Estirrated Cost of the Iursery Elds (Plan 7)
gpeciiications: Perimeter 117.} ft Double Aisle
Square Feet 654. 9 5 neck meaning
Dimensions 51'4” x 27'4" Hot Later Heat
Item Case R Case N
COISTRUCTIOK:
Excavation 6 41.02 § 41.02
Footings 124.23 124.25
Concrete Blocks 644.60 644.60
Framewall 205.10 205.10
Gable Ends 40.50 40. 50
Roof 939.94 939- 94
Concrete Floor 516.16 316.16
Gutter 80.52
Outside Doors (4) 200.00 200.00
Plywood Partition 56.00 56.00
Posts 52.00 52.00
Gates 125.00 125.00
Creep halls 60.00 60.00
Later System (drinking) 43.35 3.35
hiring 68.00 3E, quO
Perimeter Insulation 46.60 46. 60
Ceiling Insulation 153.25 155.25
Framewall & Gable End Insul. 65.00 65.00
Insulation in Concrete Blocks 70.20 70. 20
Floor Insulation 153.60 152.60
.TCTAL 00H TRUC IIOI 344C. 95 T3,5{{. 47
EQUIPLELT:
1 - Feed Auger 456.52
2 - Lanure Augers 655.04
Installation of Feed Augers 91.30
Installation of Lanure Augers 65.50
Outside Platform 450.55
Cover for Lanure Augers 76.25
Feeders 209.05 559.05
Haters 56.74 56.74
TOTAL EGUIPLEIT 3‘"718.34 "3'1t4‘48

R1 a 525 0 OO
. 245.:0
J1 9 '(70 o 50

57,112.37

11;

Table 8

Estimated Cost of the Enclosed Finishing Building (Plan 8)

 

 

 

 

Sgeoifications: Perimeter 251.5 ft Double Aisle
Square Feet 5,500 Center Feed Auger
Dimensions 64'4" x 51'4" Two Lanure Augers
Item Case 0 Case P
CCISTRUCTICH:
Excavation 80.92 $ 80.92
Footings 245.07 245.07
Concrete Blocks 1,271.60 1,271.60
Framewall 404.60 404.60
Gable Ends 155.00 135.00
Roof 3,300.00 3,300.00
Concrete Floor 1,221.00 1,221.00
Gutter 185.90 185.90
Outside Doors (4) 200.00 200.00
Plvaood Partition 70.00 70.00
Pen walls 586.00 586.00
Gates 264.00 264.00
Ventilation Doors 70.00 70.00
hiring 181.00 181.00
hater System (drinkinr) 156.10 205.50
‘hater System (cooling; 149.60 149.60
Perimater Insulation 114.40 114.40
Ceiling Insulation 591.86 591.86
Framewall A Gable End Insul. 205.60 205.60
Insulation in Concrete Blocks 158.72 158.72
Floor Insulation 94. 00 594.00

TOTAL COLSTRUCTION

EQUIPHELT:
1 - Feed Auger
2 - fianure Augers
Installation of Feed Augers
Installation of Aanure Augers
Cover for Manure Augers
Feeders
Haters

TCTAL EQUIPLELT

VEETILATIOD & HEATILG SYSTEL:
Heating System
Ventilation System
TOTAL "‘AT & VEATIDATIOI

TOTAL BUILDIEG COST

 

rfljgx ' 43027

:1 576.45
1,050.30
115.29
103.03
140.00
625.62
141.50

 

12,730.23

91,920.76

39(7029‘

 

02,317.90

§14,991.56

} 10,010.77

Q 576.43
1,030.50
115.29
103.03
140.00
625. 62
201.50
“M. , 0‘70. 23

 

\3' k)!
\C) \9

its
ham

0
.H, O

913,254.20

117
'able 9

Estimated Cost of the Enclosed Finishing Building (Plan 9)

Speci§;gg®iggg: Perimetei 231.3 ft Double Aisle
Square Eeet 0,500 Center Feed Auger
Dimensions 04'4" x 51'4" Center Lanure Auger

 

 

 

 

 

 

Item Case a Case 4
COLSTRUCTIOE:

Excavation S 80.9 5 80.92
Footings 245.07 245.07
Concrete Blocks 1,271.00 1,271.60
Framewall 404.00 '404.6
Gable Ends 135.00 155.00
hoof 5,300.00 3,300.00
0 ncrete Floor 1,221.00 1,221.00
Gutter 91.95 91.95
Outside Doors (4) 200.00 200.00
Plywood Eartition 70.00 70.00
Pen Halls 300.00 38C.00
Gates 204.00 204.00
Ventilation Doors 70.00 70.00
airing _ 104.00 164.00
hater System (drinkind) 156.10 203.50
Hater System (cooling; 149.00 149.60
Perimeter Insulation 114.40 114.40
Ceiling Insulation 591.36 59 .36
Framewall d Gable End Insul 205.00 205.60
Insulation in Concrete Blocks 153.72 153.72
Floor Insulation 594.00 594.00

TOTAL oersrnooilon 99.031715 $9,901.32

Equipment L

1 - Feed Auger g r70.45 5 570.45
1 - Lanure Auger 515.15 515.15
Installation of Feed Augers 115.29 115.29
Cover for Lanure Augers 70.00 70.00
Installation of Hanure Augers 51.51 51.51
Feeders 125.62 625.62
haters 141.§§ 257.50

TOTAL EQUIPLEZT 32,093.56 52,209.50

VEITILRTICI & HEATISG SI”TBL:

 

 

Heating System $1,920.70
Ventilation System“ ' 597.20 +597.20
TCEAn ILAT & VCITILATIOn 32,517.90 9597.20

TOTAL LUILDIKG COST 514,245.94 512,508.58

113

Table 10

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Es t “mated Cos t of the Enclosed Finishing Duildin' (Plan 10)
Specifiea tio§§;_ Perimeter 231.3 ft Double Aisle
Square Feet 3,300 Two Feed Augers
Dimensions 64'4” X 51’4” Center Lanure Auger
Item Case S Case T
CCLSTIUC "ICL:
Fxcavation ; 80.92 S 80.92
Footings 245.07 245-07
Concrete Blocks 1,271.00 271.60
Fran wall 404.60 404.60
Gable Ends 135.00 1'5 00
Roof 3,300. 00 5,300.00
Concrete Floor 1 ,221.00 1,221.00
Gutter 91.95 91.95
Outside Doors 200.00 200.00
Plywood Partition 61.00 61.00
Pen Halls 386.00 356.00
Gates 264.00 264.00
Ventilation Doors 70.00 70.00
Hiring 181.00 181.00
Hater System (drinking) 136.10 203.50
pater System (cooling) 149.00 149. 60
Perimeter Insulation 114.40 114. 40
Ceiling Insulation 59 .86 591.0C
Framewall & Gable End Insul 205.60 205.00
Insulation in Concrete Blocks 133.72 123.72
Floor Insulation 594.00_ 59 4.00
TOTAL corssntorlon 99,042712 19,909.02
"9.1UIPl-ILIET" -
2 - Feed Au er" “1,201.82 51,201.02
1 - fianure Auger 515.15 515.15
Installation of Feed Augers 240.30 240. 36
Installation of hanure Auger 51.51 51.51
Cover for Lanure Augers 70.00 70.00
Feeders 829.3 829.51
haters a, 141.50 257.50
TOTAL Esvrrnrrr 93,049.91 «3,1L9.91
VELTILATIOE & HEATILG 8Y3 EL:
Heating System 51,920.76
Ventilation System *_ 397,20 __ 3~7.20
TOTAL HEAT & VELTILATICK ,2,317.90 397.20
T01 “AL SLIDDIDC COST 515,210.29 513,472.93

119
Table 11
Estimated Cost of the Enclosed
Perimeter 2
Square Feet 3
Dimensions 6

 

.L‘ 1.11]. 3:13.180 ’

ft
to 2,: 5114:

Building (Plan

Center Drive

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Item Case U Case V
CCESTRUCTICE: .
Excavation 5 80.22 8 80.22
Pootin~s 242.95 242.95
Cor crete Block1,260.60 1,260.60
Frametrall 401.1 401.10
Gable Ends 140. 40 140.40
hoof 3,270. 00 3,270.00
Concrete Floor 1,209.90 1,209.90
Outside Doors(2) 250.00 250.00
Pen halls 330.00 330.00
Gates 264.00 264.00
Ventilation Doors (0.00 70.00
L.iring 150.00 130.00
..ater Syst (drinking) 119. 50 184.3
Hater System (doolingj 158.20 -158.20
Perimeter Insulation 91.68 91.68
Ceiling Insulation 601.87 601.87
Framewall & Gavle 3nd Insul 208. 20 208.20-
Insulation in Concrete blocks 13'(.52137 52
Floor Insulation SS 503.60 588. 60
TOTAL 00:. s A silo: 49,554 74 99,019.51
EQUI KEIT:
Feed Auger 31,132.83
Installation of Peed Auger 226.57
Feeders 829.y 82 9. 51
haters 141456 257,56
EOTAL E UIPLELT ,2,330.47 1,007.07
VEITILATICI & HEATIZG SISTEH:
Heating System ;1,920.76
Ventilation System V 397.20 397.20
TOTAL HEAT a VELTILATICD 42,317.96 3 397.70

TOTAL BUILDILG CCST

4‘:
R?
O
K: I
N

Table 12
Estimated Cost of the Open Shed Finishing Building (Plan 12

Specifications: Perimeter 272 ft

Square Feet - Inside 1,771 - Outside 2,183
Dimensions

Uncovered Peed Floor

 

 

Item Case p Case A

 

CCESTRUCTIOE:

 

Excavation E 52.6 3 76.98
Pootings 288.74 288.74
Concrete Blocks ”27.75 827-75
Pramevall 263.38 263.38
Gable Ends 22.50 22.50
zoof 1,948.10 1,948.10
Concrete Floor 1,310.17 1,637.68
Front of building C76.5 976.50
Doors on Front 84.00 84.00
Ventilation Doors 70.00 70.00
Cutter 173.46
Pen malls 519.00 519.00
Gates 244.00 264.00
Plywood Partition 66.00 66.00
airing 150.00 116.00
mater System (drinking) 187.60 187.60
Later System (cooling) 132.25 132.25
Perimeter Insulation T_ 108.80 __fl108.80
TOTAL COLSTRUCTIOL 57,414.93 17,509.25

EQUIPLEET:

 

 

Feed Auger 9 838.07

hanure Cleaner 1,200.00

Installation of Peed Alger 167.61

Installation of Kanure Cleaner 120.00

Feeders 622.00 Q 622.00

uaters 227.40 227.40
TOTAL EQUIPQPLT 05,175.00 Z’ 549.£0

TOTAL BUILDIro 003T 010,620.01 53,438.68

“stimated Cost of the Cpen fined Finishing Puilding (Plan 13)
Perimeter 272 ft
Square Feet 3,95
Dimensions 121'4" x 3

5.001fication..

 

 

 

 

 

 

TOTAL COKSTRUCTIOR

EQUIPLEET:

 

{\J , ZrbT-EIE _gk) , 520.1 18

Covered Feed Floor.
Item Case I Case 21 Case 22
COLSTRUCTIOI:

Apron Excavation ; 16.48
Excavation 107.73 107.73
Footings 326.27 326.2
Concrete Blocks 1,025.75 1,025.75
Framewall 326.38 326.38
Gable Ends 48.00 48.00
Roof 3,360.90 3,360.90
Concrete Floor 1,637.68 1,463.12
support Posts 120.00 120.00
Ventilation Doors 70.00 70.00
Gutter 173.46
Pen walls 519.00 519.00
Gates 264.00 264.00
Plywood Partition 66.00 66.00
Hiring 116.00 150.00
hater System (drinking) 187.50 187.50
hater System (cooling) 132. 25 132. 25
Perimeter Insulation 123.12 123.12

 

 

 

Peed Auger 3 838.07 5 923.42
Lanure Cleaner 1,200.00 1,200.00
Installation of Feed Auger 167.61 184.68
Install. of hanure Cleaner 120. 00 120.00
Feeders 3 622.00 622. 00 464.70
Laters 22 .40 227.40 227.40

TOTAL EQUIPLfihT p 0'9.40 95,175.08 33,120.20

TOTAL BUILDIEG COST

.1\

K
\O
L)!
O
C
4;”.

311,715.26

9,.
.rd

 

 

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Table 15

 

 

 

Item Labor L LaterialD
Excavati n (36” deep by 8” tide) .35/linear
Footinfs 11.06/linear
Cc“; crete Lloclm (10" by 8" by 48”) 5.50/linear
Poof (includin: truss) 53 It span 1.CC square

40 ft spar .85/square
24 ft spa; 1.10/square
Side alls (aoove blocks) 1.75/linear
Concrete Hloo ./vapoI bariior .37/square
L o vapor norrior .EO/square
Perimeter Insulation .40/linear
2“ Eatt Insulation ceiling .17/square
;aole €LC~ a LIQCIall .EO/squa“e
Expanded Insulation in Concrete Llochs .15/square
Plywood for Pen Partitions .25/square
Pen Fencing 1.50/linear
Hardware and Labor per Cate 7.00/gate

Treated Post Installed 2.00 eec
30" 900‘s 50.00 each
Galvinized hater Pipe 1" 'a. .20/linear
3/4“ dia. .30/linear
8" 'itrified Cla; Tile 40/linear
Excavation (water pipe) .2C/linear
"T" Valves 1.50 each
"T"'s aIId Eloot.s .35 each
Iilling Trench .10/linear
“ waples .20 each
.00/unit
.00 each

...

._'.I,_Jo

Ire 0 ns tallation for hater heating Elements

Labor for he Iflstallation of Haterers

N

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ct ct c+ d"

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Labor for Cut and Iit on a Pipe .:C/cut 6 fit

Snitch for Cooling System Timer ZoLO/UIlb
Labor for the Assenbly of a Spray Lozzle 1.00 each
Timer 14.00 each
60 Amp Electrical Service 60.00 each
S“itch for Alectric Lotor 10.00 each
Cost per nlectric Iixture In

s a
Labor & tire for Electric Lotor 7.00 each

 

aAll estimates of building construction were made by
Lr. Joe Liller Lansing, Lichigan. All prices are PCB nillian-
ston, Lichigan and are subject to Chan; e 1.ithout notice. The
author used the construction data given to him 03 Lr. Liller to
dete‘mine the construction cost of a building.

b30st of Labor and material unless stated as the cost of
labor or material.

lled 3.50/fixture

7'

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