A TRANSCRIPTEON AND DESCRIPTION OF MANUSCREPT VATECAN GREEK 2061 (GREGORY 048) Thesis for the Degree of Ph. D. MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY. Dale Eldon (Heath 1965 LIBRARY Michigan State University This is to certify that the thesis entitled A meRIPTIOI AID DImRIPTIOI 01' “118031?! VATICLI GEEK 3061 (Glamour 04.3) presented by Dale Eldon Heath has been accepted towards fulfillment of the requirements for __Ph °_._ D ° degree in _/__ {5/5 R 2/ / / ’ ,1 A” ' .3 ' A) I f) “"‘f (X 9‘1"" " / Major professor \ ’4‘ I b" 3 L l ' Date // /» ./ / ‘2‘») / 0-169 I rang” Hi“? “LY . fivum Us: i‘ ABSTRACT A TRANSCRIPTION AND DESCRIPTION OF MANUBCRIPT VATICAN GREEK 2061 (GREGORY 048) by Dale Eldon Heath Although the existence of Manuscript Gregory 048 (Vatican Greek 2061) has been recognized for several centuries its text and variants have not, hitherto, been available to New Testament scholarship. The transcribed and typewritten text of this manuscript is therefore the most essential feature of the present work. To this transcribed text, however, there is added a descriptive introduction which deals with physical characteristics and orthography, and a comparative study of variant readings. The collation is made against the Oxford, 1873 edition of the Textua Receptgg and includes classified 8V1dence of manuscripts, versions, and Fathers as lis- ted in Tischendorf's, Novum Testamentum Gragge: Egitio °°tav Critics Maior, and von Soden's, Die 5 1 n Eas_Neuen Testaments in ihrgr gitegten arraighbargg Dale E. Heath T xt e talt, although other critical texts have been consulted. Witnesses are grouped in the following categories: Alexandrian, Western, Byzantine, and "Un- classified." Following these tabulations a brief sum- mary shows that the textual disagreements of this manu- script with.the Textug Receptgg are supported more often by Alexandrian witnesses than by any other classified group. Slight exceptions to this rule in several indi- vidual books may indicate Western influences which seem to be apparent. A rmscmrnou AND DESCRIPTION or museum VATICAN GREEK 2061 (GREGORY 043) By Dale Eldon Heath A THESIS Submitted to Michi an State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Department of History 1965 Copyright © ,1966_ by Dale E. Heath Printed in the United States of America All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form without permission in writing from the publisher. PREFACE Of many possible approaches to the Christian heritage of canonical scripture few could offer more fo- cus upon the concern of the ancient church for preserva- tion of that heritage than the attempt to decipher a once elegant manuscript of the New Testament. Such an effort, however painstaking and laborious, demonstrates, by increasingly personal evidence, not only the interest of the church and of some ancient scribe in particular, but also the foibles and perhaps even the biases of both the institution and its devoted servant. The present transcription and collation, gratefully undertaken at the suggestion and under the guidance of Dr. J. Harold Greenlee of Asbury Theological Seminary, Opens one more gateway through which not only the New Testament, but also the church which produced this capy of that Testa- ment, may be investigated. Grateful acknowledgments are due the institu- tional personnel and the various academic advisers who have shared, one way or another, in the task. The Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana has been most cooperative ii in supplying photographs of the manuscript, while Dr. Clivio Duetti, of Rome, has kept the writer in touch with personnel there. The librarians of Asbury Theological Seminary, of Hichigan State University, of Oberlin Gradu- ate School of Theology, and of Taylor University have all been most gracious in lending their assistance. The American Bible Society has aided with data collateral to some of the tabulations of variants. More personally the writer would acknowledge his debt of gratitude to Dr. Richard E. Sullivan and to Dr. Harry R. Kinber, of Michigan State University; to Profes- sor Kurt Aland of the Institut fur Neutestamentliche Textforschung, Vilhelms-Universitat, Munster, and to Dr. Bruce M. Metzger of Princeton Theological Seminary. Dr. Allen Uikgren of the University of Chicago lent signifi- cant encouragement to the work, and Dr. Merrill M. Parvis of the International Greek New Testament Project, Emory University, greatly assisted by supplying a private copy of the 29552; Reoeptu . To each of these, and to many others who have helped in lesser ways, the writer expreg- see grateful appreciation. DALE E. HEATH Taylor University Upland, Indiana 111 PREFACE . . . . INTRODUCTION . . 1. 3. 4. THE TEXT . . . TABLE OF CONTENTS PART I Historical Considerations 2. Rhysioal Characteristics Orthography Transcription ‘O‘B 26:6‘23 O o e Acts 26:24-27:10i?) Acts 28:20-51 Romans 13:4-14 Romans 14:10-15 Corinthians 2 HHHHHHHH Corinthians Corinthians 4 Corinthians 5 12 13 14 Corinthians Corinthians Corinthians Corinthians 10 9 1-8 5:6-4 6-5 5-6 I O Ephesians 6:22-24 Philippians 1:1(t)-16 Philippians 1:16-2:8 . O I ll . :25-13:12 :12-14:21 15:5-27 II Corinthians 4:7-5 II Corinthians 5:10-6 II Corinthians 8:9-9:4 . II Corinthians 9:4-10 Ephesians 6:6(7)-33 Ephesians 6:33-6:22 10 H H PART 0 O O Q I O U o O O O O O O O :8 :6 O 00.0. 00000 000000 0000.. iv 0 I O O O O O O O O O O C O O O O O O O O O I O O O C O O Folio Folio Folio Folio Folio Folio Folio Folio Folio Folio Folio Folio Folio Folio Folio Folio Folio Folio Folio Folio Folio Folio Folio 221r 221v 302v 502r SOSr 505v 296r 296v 297r 297v 306r 306v 198v 198r SOSr 303v 199r 199v SOOr 500v ZSOr 230r 230v 25 Colossians l:20-2:S . . . . . . Folio 229r Colossians 2:8-S:7 . . . . . . Folio 229v Colossians S:7—4:5 . . . . . . Folio 293r Colossians 4:6olS . . . . . . . Folio 293v I Thessalonians 1:1-6 . . . . . Folio 293v I Timothy 5:6-6:2 . . . . . . . 'Folio 298r I Timothy 6:2-21 . . . . . . . Folio 298v I Timothy 6:21 . . . . . . . . Folio 295r II Timothy l:1-2:2 . . . . . . Folio 296r II Timothy 2:2—25 . . . . . . . Folio 296v Titus 3:13-15 . . . . . . . . . Folio 294r Hillemon 1-18 e e e 0 e e e e o F0110 2941‘ mlemon 18’20 e e o e e o e e F0110 294V Hebrews 11:82-12:11 . . . . . . Folio 299r Hebrews 12:11-13: . . . . . . Folio 299v James 4:14-6:17 . . . . . . . . Folio 222r Jane! 8:17-20 0 e e e e e e o e F0110 222V I Peter 1:1-12 O s e s e e e e F0110 222? II Peter 2:3(ti-2O . . . . . . Folio SOlr II Peter 2:20-3:15 . . . . . . Folio 301v I John 4:6—5:5 . . . . . . . . Folio SOSr I John 5:5-21 . . . . . . . . . Folio 308v II JOhn 1‘13 0 e e e e e e e e F0110 30?!‘ III JOhn 1-15 0 e a e e e e s e F0110 307V PART-III TABLESOFVARIANTS. 22.2 PART IV SUMMARY’AND CONCLUSIONS . . . . . . . . . . . 384 BIBLIOGRAPHY . 395 BIBLIOGRAPHICAL ESSAY 397 ream ONE INTRODUCTION 1. Historical Considerations The New Testament manuscript whose fragmentary text is herewith initially offered to the public in tran— scribed type-script is, of course, no recent discovery. 0. R. Gregory, in his brief description of the manu- script,1 says that until the end of the seventeenth cen— tury it was kept in the monastery of St. Mary, in Patirio, a suburb of Roseano, in Calabria, southern Italy. From there it was taken to the library of a monastery of St. Basil, within the city, where Montfaucon discovered it while investigating certain manuscripts of biblical and patristic writings about the year 1699. Gregory observes that several public listings of biblical manuscripts have included references to this one which he designates as '21: Rom, Vatikan M6. Gr. 2061, fruher Basilianus 100, noch fruher Patiriensis 27.'2 Von Soden characteristical- 1y designates the same manuscript as "a l,"5 since it 1Caspar Renatus Gregory, Textkritik deg Neuen isfiifflggfig (3 vols.; Leipzig: J. C. Hinrichs, 1900- 1909 , I, pp. 104-105. 2Gregory, Textkritik, I, p. 104. Sven Soden uses “a“ for manuscripts including Acts or the Epistles, "e" for manuscripts of the Gospels, and '6" for manuscripts having both. 3 contains no part of the Gospels.4 Souter's terse descrip- tion adds nothing to our information, but should be men- tioned. Using the now commonly known Gregory numeration he lists the manuscript as “048 (case. v): a p (frag- menta) (Home) 3d a l.“5 Augustinus Merk, who has given some variants from this manuscript in his bi-lingual edi- tions of the New Testament, has cataloged the ancient text under its Vatican Greek number, 2061,6 but in his critical apparatus refers to it by the Gregory number, 048.7 Yet in spite of this wide scholarly knowledge of the existence of the manuscript for more than 250 years the statement published by Gregory at the turn of our century was still a fact at the middle of the third quarter of this century --*m1m istnnchniehi WWW-"8 The present transcription and collation, it is heped, render Gregory's words no longer true. 4Hermann F. von Soden, Die Schriften de Neuen T:= :u n ; in ihr lte ten rr- .hb n ex :‘: 5 vols.; Gdttingen: Vandenhoeck und Ruprecht,1902- 5N t E ti , ed. Alexander Souter Oxonii: E Typographeo Clarendoniano, 1956), p. xi. 6Novum Te tamentum: Grae t Lat E o .%§£§¥g ed. metinus Merk (Rome: Sumptibus Fonti- oi Instituti Biblici, 1957), p 37 . 7See variants listed for Acts 26:6 and 26:14. 8Gregory, Inmihziiih. I, p. 104. The irregu- larity of Merk's entries from O48a agpears to indicate that the has read only portions of t e manuscript. »D.'n_. 4 A detailed history of the fortunes of this manu- script appears, at the moment, to be irrelevant; yet some inferences may be suggested from its earlier home in Cala- bria where influences of the Greek Orthodox Church were strong in the Middle Ages. Additional force may be added to such inferences by the somewhat premature observation that the chief hindrance to deciphering the text is a se- ries of sermons of a Greek Father, St. Gregory Nazianzen, written over the New Testament copy in rather usual palimp- sest style. Gregory's career as theologian, preacher, and bishop earned for him a lasting affection in orthodox cir- cles of the Greek Church; and it may be no accident that a volume of his sermons was preserved in monasteries of the Basilian persuasion in southern Italy where eastern culture abounded. Basil, it will be remembered, had been the life- long friend and ecclesiastical superior of Gregory.9 The monastic system which he established was more severely as— cetic than that of the later Benedictines, but this rigor- ous ideal continued even to the sixteenth century in Cala- bria. It is possible that this volume of Gregory's homi- lies containing folios of Manuscript Vatican Greek 2061 may reflect an aspect of that eastward perspective in this area of the West. m 9Charles G. Browne and James E. Swallow, trans. “Select Orations of Saint Gregory Nazisnzen,‘ Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, ed. Philip Schaff and Henry Wace Second Series: Grand Rapids: Eerdmans Publishing 00., 1952-1956), VII, pp. 185-482. 5 The sermons of St. Gregory, the upper writing of this palimpsest, are in a cursive hand of perhaps the tenth or eleventh century.1° And even though the superim- position was done a half millennium later than the uncial writing beneath, it is frequently less readable than the ancient New Testament text which it covers. A table of contents, in Latin, prepares the reader somewhat for the homilies which follow in Greek, and simultaneously sug- gests the drift of Gregory's thought and life. Listed first in this table is Gregory's defense of his own reluctance to accept the priestly office. Subse- quent titles imply the same aversion to public life which, of course, haunted Gregory throughout his ministry. Sev- eral orations are directed to his father and to St. Basil in response to their insistence upon his acceptance of ecclesiastical position. Some of Gregory's theological disputations are also named. He deals with the Trinity, with Apollinarianism and Arianism, with baptism, the Fas- sion, Pentecost, and the Virgin. His ecclesiastical in- terests, however unwillingly entertained, led him to dis- courses on the bishopric, on Cyprian, Athanasius, and Basil. His brief ministry in Constantinople is also re- flected in these titles. Among the folios of Gregory's ‘_ ‘ 1°Oonpare 'Facsimiles and Descriptions“ by William Henry Paine Hatch, The G£f°k figfiuggripti gf Eng Ni! TQEIQ- gggt ii Mount Eiggi 2 vs s.; ris: rar e r en a - s e at er, 1932-1934). 6 sermons which carry text of Manuscript Vatican Greek 2061 there are several which have fairly readable headings or notes. The following may be mentioned: 294r, 294v, 295v, 29Br. The cepying of this patristic literature in the tenth or eleventh century and its preservation in Italian monasteries of the Greek Rite through the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries may imply much for continuing East- ern influence in the West. On the other hand there may be only the most incidental relationships between religious and theological interests which preserved Gregory's ser- mons and a New Testament manuscript (Vat. Gr. 2061) ren- dered so largely illegible for their sake. 20 1 t9 1 The extant text of Manuscript Vatican Greek 2061 is preserved on 23219 and,1§£§g of twenty-one folios of the volume of at. Gregory's sermons described above. This volume contains a total of 616 folios of fine parchment.11 These containing portions of our New Testament manuscript are miscellaneously scattered from number 198 to number 308, inclusive. Many of the folios are badly worn or dam- aged. To accommodate the desired homilies these sheets, and many others, were trimmed to a new format and re-bound with no regard for their canonical material. Very often a column of New Testament text was cut vertically through the middle. This feature shows up in the type-script where only the beginning or ending of the lines of an en- tire column are given. Beyond this intentional mutilation there are various folios which remain in fragmentary con- dition. These also are indicated in the transcription. In addition, the superimposed texts of Gregory's sermons render much of the New Testament text illegible. —— uGregory, Tex 1:11;, I, p. 104, "mg. fiber... I 8 One rather incidental problem relating to this multiple use of the folios may be mentioned here. The employment of both £3932 and ggggg for both sets of writ- ing allowed the possibility for either script to fade through the sheets and so to confuse the letters on the opposite side. This difficulty, which may be observed in various places, adds much to the riddle of deciphering, and sometimes appears to be the sole obstacle to correct transcription. Illustrations of this characteristic may be found in folio 605r, column three and 605v, column one,12 folio 198v, column one and 198r, column three,13 and in folis 303r, column three and 603v, column one.14 The scribal method of superimposition was to place the text of Gregory's sermons in a single column approximately fifteen centimeters wide on each page. The homiletical material thus extends entirely over two col- umns of canonical text and usually covers a small fraction of the third column. The sheets of biblical writing were normally used in vertical position identical with that of Gregory's homilies. This fact, though regularly evident, may be very clearly demonstrated from folios 299v,15 _‘__. 1anon. 14:5-10 and Rem. 14:10-17 respectively. 13I Cor. 14:21-26 and I Cor. 15:3-10 respectively. 1411 Cor. 532-10 and II Cor. 5:10-16 respectively. 15Heb. 12:11-13:4. 9 307r,16 and 607v.17 One exception to this rule occurs in folio 198, I Corinthians 14:21-15:27. Here the ancient columns, on both gggtg and Egggg, were placed at right angles to the new script leaving about three centimeters (six or seven lines) at the foot of each column exposed. The homiletical text on 198v retains the usual breadth of about fifteen centimeters, but on 198r it is reduced to approximately thirteen and one-half centimeters. The leg- ibility of the lower text is not improved by this right- angle arrangement. On other folios the upper script often seems to be deliberately written precisely on top of the lower lines; yet there are exceptions to this practice.18 As already implied the text of Manuscript Vatican Greek 2061 is laid out in pages of three columns each. The pages, or folios, measure about thirty centimeters by twenty-seven centimeters, and the columns twenty-one and one-half centimeters by five and three-tenths centime- tors.19 The columns have forty or forty-one lines each, and the lines have an average of twelve to fifteen let- ters. Occasionally, in the transcription, a line of type- script will appear longer than those adjacent to it. The ancient scribe of this manuscript frequently increased the —__ 1511 John. 17111 John. lease folio 299v, Heb. 12:11-13:4. 19Gregory, Textkritik, I, p. 104. 10 number of characters in a line by intense crowding of the last three or four letters in the right hand margin. This often made it possible for him to complete a long word or add a short word which would otherwise have been carried to the next line. Examples of this rather usual phenome- non may be observed in folio 296r, column one, lines one and twenty-one.2° The simultaneous exposure of portions of all three columns of the biblical text occasioned by the right—angle arrangement of the earlier and later materials on folio 198 has already been described. This unusual page format makes possible a fairly accurate measurement of the spaces between its columns. On these pages the intervening dis- tance is about sixteen millimeters, though elsewhere in the manuscript the inter-columnar spaces often measure only thirteen or fourteen millimeters. 201 Tim. 5:5 and 5:10 respectively. See also folio 601v, column 1, line 5 (II Pet. 2:20). sow The primary physical feature of Manuscript Vatican Greek 2061 has been seen to be its palimpsest character. For present purposes the later writing has already been sufficiently described. The New Testament writing, with which this treatise is concerned, is very different, being scarcely less than 500 years older. In contrast with the minuscule upper writing the New Testament text beneath is in large, plain uncials about three millimeters high, written continuously, without spaces between words. Sen- tence breaks, and frequently breaks between clauses, are marked by a single high period usually placed about the space of one letter after the last word of the sentence or clause being terminated, and about the same distance from the first word of the next sentence or clause. The initial letter of a new paragraph is very often drawn into the margin about half the width of the letter, though sometimes the new paragraph thus indicated.has already been started in the preceding line.21 21The latter phenomenon is infrequent. Rare illustrations may be cited, however, in folio 305v, col- umn 3, line 3 (Rom. 15:3) and in folio 303v, column 2, line 10 (II Cor. 5:18). 11 12 Some further comment on the scribal style of this manuscript may be called for by the relatively few ortho- graphic symbols which are used. Accent marks are totally lacking; and with but one fairly regular exception there - are no breathing marks. The exception is a tiny horizon- tal bar placed over initial upgilcn. This, presumably, was intended to indicate rough breathing. Excellent il- lustrations of this feature may be seen in folio 293v, column one, lines twenty-two and twenty-four, and lines forty and forty-one.22 Occurrences of initial upsilon without a visible superior bar seem to be invariably where the text has been more or less effaced. Probably the mark was originally there, but has faded or been rubbed out or covered by the upper script. A more pronounced elevated line is used for abbre- viations, including nomina £3933, and very frequently for a final ng_at the end of a line. or the abbreviated .222;§§,§ggg§ there are clear examples in folio 305v, col- umn one, lines two, four, twenty-one, thirty-two, and forty.23 Other abbreviations, of which there are few, may be illustrated by referring to folio 221r, column one, line two,24 or to folio 294r, column two, line twelve.25 22001. 4:9 and 4:12. 25110111. 14:10, 11, 14, 15, and 17, respectively. 24Acts 26:6 25Philemon s. 13 The final 23 at the end of a line is usually indicated by a similar raised line extending from above the last writ- ten letter toward the right-hand margin. A clearly- written instance of this may be seen in folio 199v, col- umn one, line thirty-nine.26 Since this raised line is the scribe's usual symbol for final 33 at the end of a line it has seemed.appr0priate to transcribe it as ng in the type-script. Due to the fragmentary character of the manuscript there are not many Opportunities for observing the scribe's method of starting or concluding the text of a biblical book. The few instances which are preserved will be de- scribed. Folio 302r contains the concluding verses of the Acts of the Apostles, the last three lines of which are written at the top of column three. The remainder of the column appears to be vacant. Folio 230r carries the almost illegible conclusion of the Epistle to the Ephesians in the first twelve lines of column one. Immediately below the last line of this text and extending slightly into the left margin is a gym- bol of which the following is intended to be representa- tive: 'ES'. It seems probable that the space below this, actually about two thirds of the column, was left vacant. 2611 Cor. 9:8. 1n Column two of folio 230r is entirely illegible, and in fact, is very fragmentary. Yet in spite of its many lgggngg,the contents of column two may be surmised from a faint superscription about fourteen millimeters above the now torn and faded text. Partially visible letters of the superscription appear to be as follows: etlgnny[ 3:00;. The fact that column three of this folio carries text of Ehilippians 1:8-16 makes it reasonably certain that column two contained the opening verses of the book. The suggested vacancy in column one of folio 230r is thus further confirmed, for the text material of Philippians 1:1-7 is not more than the average amount of text required for a single column of this manuscript. Folio 293v carries the end of the Epistle to the Colossians at the bottom of the second column, and then adds, in the lower margin, about sixteen millimeters be- low the text, the words, npoowolaooactg (sic). Although the text at the top of column three is effaced beyond recognition, yet about fifteen millimeters above the text, and extending to the full width of the column is the clear and obvious title of the next division of the manu- script, preceded by a large "plus'' sign. This title reads, +npooecocciovzwstg, and is confirmed in the column below it by at least nine legible lines from chap- ter one of the First Epistle to the Thessalonians. 15 The first Epistle to Timothy is concluded in line two, column one of folio 295r. Again the writing which follows is so nearly obliterated as to render assertions impossible; but apparently the next division begins in line three after a symbol which appears to be something on The last fourteen lines of the Epistle to Titus are found at the top of column one of folio 294v, and the remainder of the column is left blank.27 The title of the Epistle to Philemon almost certainly stood at the head of column two approximately two and four-tenths centimeters above the original position of the first line of text}!8 The page has been trimmed, however, so that only faint lower portions of six or eight letters of that heading are discernible. Of these remaining segments only the letter ,phi may be considered certain. With about one-fourth of this letter showing, however, it presents a useful cue to visible fragments of letters on either side of it. The title was probably, upcomtlnuova, though nothing of the 2'7Text material of Titus 6:15-15 fills 7.7 centi- meters of column 1. The blank space from the last line of text to the normal base of the column measures 14 centi- me are. zaaince several lines of text at the top of col- umn two have been effaced the measurement was taken from the tsp of a straight-edge laid across from the clearly- visible first lines of columns one and three. 16 last four letters remains. Just below this line of frag- mentary letters there is a row of sdshaped signs which appear to have been intended for decoration only. The text of the Epistle to Philemon fills columns two and three of folio 294r and thirty lines of column one of folio 294v. About two and five-tenths centimeters below the last line of text are the letters, Booglguova, and in the next line below are the following characters, editorially divided by the present writer: Damn ano pmuE Jq. Could this have meant, “written from Rome"? Under the final subscription is another line of decorative signs almost at the bottom of the normal column space. The remainder of folio 294v is vacant. The next observed interval between biblical books occurs in folio 222v where the Epistle of James is con- cluded at line twenty-two of column one. The space below this last line of text offers curious shadows of letters most of which have probably faded through the parchment from its opposite side. No subscription is visible in this empty half-column at the end of James, nor is there any apparent superscription at the top of column two where, in the fourth line, there is definite and readable text from about the middle of the first verse of the First Epistle of Peter. If there was an ancient title here it has completely disappeared. 1? Folio 608v gives the very last word of the First Epistle of John at line twenty-seven of column three. Though the parchment is badly torn at this point there is still discernible, about six lines below this conclusion of text material, a fragment of the name John-- Ivaou. The remainder of the column, about sight lines, appears to have been vacant. If there was more to the subscription than the name of John it has vanished. The Second Epistle of John is entirely contained on a single page, folio 307r. Its title is clearly writ- ten about three centimeters above the first column of text, and is surrounded by decorative signs. The following pres- entation may be suggestively representative: The Epistle ends at line three of column three, but no subscription is visible. The remainder of the column shows much fading through of writing from the other side of the folio. The Third Epistle of John is also contained, in fragmentary condition, on a single page, folio 507v. Only three letters of its title remain- Dyou--the rest having been trimmed off. About three millimeters to the right of the last letter of the name there is a lunar-like 18 sign in reverse. Its meaning is not obvious. The text of this Epistle appears to have ended at line six of column three. Faded evidences of writing below this point appear to have come through from the‘gggtg of the sheet. 4. Transcription The present type-script of the text of Nanuscript Vatican Creek 2061 was made from photographic plates ob- tained through the courtesy of the Reparto Ectografico of the Bibliotgga Apggtoliga Vatigggg. The work of copying was carried on during the summer and autumn of 1966 when favorable weather conditions made it possible, for many consecutive weeks, to read in bright sunlight. This was highly advantageous to the task of deciphering. Under these conditions it was often possible to see faint traces of letters in the photographs which otherwise were quite invisible. Any claim of perfection for the transcription would obviously be unwarranted, yet serious questions about the text at points where visibility is low might well be reserved for similar light conditions. Doubtful words or letters in the manuscript text are indicated by two methods in the transcription. Let- ters totally illegible, but for which proper spacing in the line was evident, are occasionally supplied within single square brackets. Frequently it seemed that this kind of supplying could have been done more often than it 19 20 was done, but the restraining possibility of “scribal error“ compelled the present editor to resist the ubiqui- tous temptation to fill in the blanks. 0n the other hand there are occasions where such “conjectural emendation“ seemed advisable; yet only within square brackets. Such emendations have been made where the identity of missing letters was rendered quite certain by adjacent letters which were visible, and where it seemed that the practical function of the transcription as a text for comparative study might thus be enhanced. Instances where this has been done will usually be found in the middle of a word, or at the beginning of a word where no augment or redupli- cation was likely. Seldom have more than two consecutive letters been supplied in this manner. Longer spaces in the extant text have usually been deemed too uncertain for such additions. where letters of the manuscript appeared to be partially visible, yet too nearly faded or obliterated to be transcribed with certainty they have been copied with- out brackets, but with dots beneath them in the type- script. Obviously a palimpsest text will have many in- stances of this feature. Vacant spaces in the manuscript are regularly in- dicated with square brackets, the length of the spaces, 1; initial or medial in a line, being approximated by the 21 bracketed distances. One single bracket after the last letter in a given line simply means that nothing more of what may have been written there is now visible. wholly illegible lines, to the number of three, are separately indicated by one single bracket placed at the left margin. More than three consecutive invisible lines are indicated by a parenthetical notation stating the number of lines illegible. Lacunae, ordinarily defined as gaps ”in the manuscript caused by physical loss or mutilation,"29 have been designated by simply doubling the square brackets. The doubled brackets for lacunae have the same signifi- cance for extent of lost portions as the single brackets have for extent of invisible portions. Obviously where a folio has been vertically trimmed through the middle of a column of text every line of the column will carry one of these doubled brackets. Chapter and verse designations for the biblical content of each column of the several folios are indicated with the folio and column number at the head of the tran- scription of the column. Separate verse designations, 0 according to the numbering of the Textus Rece tus,3 are 29From, “Rules for Collators,‘ prepared by “The International ProJect to Establish a Critical Apparatus of the Greek New Testament,’I Nay 25, 1950, p. 3, rule 16. 3°11 mus AIASHKH, Oxford, 1973, reproduced by photographic offset at the University of Chicago Press. 22 then carried in the left margin of the type-script. Line numbers, with every fifth line indicated, are shown in the right margin. Variant readings for whatever text material ap- pears on each page of the transcription are given at the bottom of the page. Here exact chapter and verse designa- tion is given separately, in the left margin, for every variant, the chapter number and verse number being sepa- 51 The right margin carries the exact rated by a period. line number of each variant listed. Collation is made against the Oxford, 1875, edi— tion of the Textug Reggptug as ”reproduced by photographic offset at the University of Chicago Press.'32 The method of recording variants may be stated very simply. Immedi- ately after the chapter and verse location of the variant is given the reading of the gggtgg,negeptu§. Then follows a single bracket after which is given the reading of Manu- script Vatican Greek 2061.33 Obviously the latter reading is merely capied from the text above it. Occasionally 31This description of method used in locating variants is in keeping with rule 13 of, “Rules for 001- lators,‘ p. 2. 323 KAINH AIAOHKH, Oxford, 1875, reproduced by . . . the University of Chicago Press. This is the only edition permitted for collation for “The International Project . . .' See rule 1 of ”Rules for Collators,“ p. 1. 33See, IRules for Collators,‘ pp. 4 and 5. 23 some explanatory word, or abbreviation, or note is added in English. These, of course, will be quite self- explanatory. The “Table of Contents," pages iv and v, provides a catalog of New Testament passages, with re- spective folio numbers, which are included in the manu- script. Because of the palimpsest nature of the manu- script, however, and because of many lggnnae, the present type-script frequently carries only a section title or minimal fragments of passages cited. lords, phrases, or passages which do not appear in the $2532; figggptgg, but which were used or supplied by the scribe of this manu- script,are indicated by the customary plus 0+) sign in both the footnotes and the tables of variants. Omissions are indicated by the minus (-) sign. PART 'rwo THE TEXT Acts of the Apostles Folio 221 r Column One Acts 26:6-12 6 [ ‘T[n]§ etg voug npag nuwv enavreig[ [Y8] youeVEn]; uno ET’BOU 6U eq[ 5 7 f E D Joewamulov [ JV ev ewrev[ q vuwva m1: nuepa[ C JQeUE 10 (4 lines illegible) 8 T; [ JmoE J‘ra: 15 nap u[u]:v e: o 9k] v[s 9 anou; evetpe: ['3 eEYJw E V D E [ 26.6 npoq ] 31g 2 26.6 notepag J npqg 2 3 26.6 navepag ] + npwv 25 ‘— 10 11 12 26 IT? vou [ [6161* E 1&9 cvavt: a npaEEJat' o no: eno: gq[ J ev :epooolu [In Jng’ wa: qollouq [v]: [erv [ [ J 09!: 1:3; [ [ apx:ep[e]wv e[£Jou Oth lan[v] avatpou uevwv re quvwv wavnvevna ti JQOE wot nEaJ‘gq I: 992E nu; rtuE nvavwa[g]ov Blaomn usg[v E 1'[ J cl: of. late: ev ow; qopeu ouevog at; [1’ng [ 26.10 Hollow: J + [730 26.12 am: (1) J - 20 25 30 35 1+0 25 no 2? F0110 221 1- Column Two Acts 26:12-18 E uJ§v eEouo:ag we: eqtvponng {my 13 apgtepeqw 11E <5 neonE E 5 E 19V lapquorln'gE vou gigou neptElaJu flaw} us cpwc E [flout OUEVJ 6E 10 E 1h [ E E E JpeoagE 90 E J nae UuE . Jg 3.12 npaornra J npaurnE 33 135 Folio 293 r cgiffiiii'ée 19 E E Jqoy o eorev E Jg rgg E 15 E 5 E E J enlnenE (14 lines illegible) 17 re ev loyep E (5 lines illegible) 18 E J “YUEGV eE J nE 19 Oe avbpeg ayaegE Jre E J yuvaenaE 30 E E 20 E J 0E Jnouere E gavra E J0 E 35 euapeqrov eoE Jr 21 E J 75‘ 0E Jpeg un 3.19 nreg core J 0 eorev 2 3.20 eorev euapeorov J euapeqrov eoErer 36 136 E E E JGUE 22 Oe bouloe UnanE 65131-11113 lelgger 001.3322-485 E Jra navra E nJa nupeoEng [E omealpom EJg avequEE la ev anloEE E J @0801 23 rov 327‘ E (I re en \(ruanE geer E nae oun GVE . l 29 reg 0E J (1E EE WeerJ rgE J E JobooE E povoueag E E J5 boulouEE 25 E yJap aétnwE [E 90 10 15 3.22 eeov J 7? 3.25 be J yJap 16 h.1 4.1 napcxcoec 137 f 3 o n6§n[ E [ 1999M [I E I: ua: rnv togfl TOtg OOUXOE Jcaeat° etbfl y[ ] Chetg 6E c[ ] oupavf I [ Jr) npooeufl: I: H: yopouvrgfl cv euquE E [Jeooeuxf E [lea nag all gya 0 3? Gym C J 100 [ fl: [ Jtov [ E TDD 36::- 6t[ [I beggg C E iunJO (9:; 6C [1: 59091' [ 1 cf E 9qu7[ K TOU; e559 [ [I egayopagf E ] napcflxhaeat 20 25 30 35 1&0 23 138 Folio 293 V Column One 001. 4:6-12 BYoq Upwv E Be E ] xapt Btuuevog at B nwg bet u Bnaorw qqo Deceat° flar E ]e navra ‘1’" Bptoet Uptv TU 11 o ayatmgc Beog nat fit I btangvoq E Bvboukoq E Bv cncpfia ]] Una: c t c 39 :va vare Be: npwv nat Byakcon rag B gpwv' ouv Btpw rm fit Bqnnrw a6: GU E 10 15 20 “.8 va ] varc lhBumw(1)]an 15 16 10 11 12 139 Dc cortv c: U I navra Ufitv D§0u01v Ta wag Defat Una; Bpxoq o ouv Blwrog pou Bpnoq o ave B @apvasa nep IlaBerm evgo Dav oxen an B beEE Joeat aurgv keyet (31°) Bgooug o kayo Bog touorog Dre; en wept B OUTOt pov0t BpYOt etq rnv Betav 100 EU Eves eyevnen 3 pct napnvopta° Dgcra: Una; c Bpag o 65 thv .25 30 35 #0 4.9 YvatOUOt J YvaBtOUOtV n.1o eXch'rc ] cxflaserat h.10 begaaee ] bcEEalaeat 23 29 31 13 14 15 1&0 Folio 293 v Column Two G01. 4:12-18 QOUAOS E J navro 1c (17va unep UE noocsyt Jatg E 5 E E {on an [ yap quvw ort IXCt ngluv 10 ErrJoE J 5E J9 CE (4 lines illegible) [ Jot E 3 49! bnuqc E J {guq ev E JeXmoug [ JcpqE 20 E cuuantav' 16 Km o'rav avava m we W 9 4.13 Lnlov noxuv J ngXuv nJoEvov 10-11 141 E 25 E nlgoE Kat E J en laoQtRCEt a; tva nat upetg ava Jwrat' 3o 17 E E auOVtaV E Jv naf laBeg cv uw- tva au rnv nlnpOtg 35 18 O a0naouog Tn sun xczpt naulou‘ MvnpoveueTE ouqv r1 xaptq use 5' 40 npog nolaoodctg “.16 avavare J avaEvawrat 30 #0 4.18 apnv J '- First Thessalonians Folio 295 v Column Three I These. 1:1—6 <—+- woo; 6couakov:uctc 1 (4 lines illegible) 9d 5 na¢ no I Xaptg UygE (24 lines illegible) 5 TIMPOWQE naewc; gtoa‘gat 01.01. cyevnenpcv Uptv E , 35 6 E J wet; utpnmt npwv eyevnenrat nat E JU nu beEape voz rov lovov cv Oktvet qolkl 3 para ho xapaq nvq aytou 1.5 otbare J Otoarat 33 1.5 av (5) J - 34 1.6 evcvnenre J cvcvnanrat 37 1U2 First Timothy Folio 298 r Column One I Tim.5:5-13 5 H 6: ov'rwc; xnpa Kat ucuokucvn n1 ntnev en: 9v° nat [Jpoouevet rat; 6e noeoE Jatg an 5 cu;[ Jq E 6 nuepE Jq' E Je OE lwoa [ JwE 7 neV° uat rau1a na Payyexxc tva avgqt 10 8 1111111101 wow'. u 56 fig 1wv tbtwv na: paltora 01E Jv ou flpOVOCt’ 79v [ Ja: 15 5.5 'rov J - 3 5.6 reevnne J reevnnev 9 5.7 aventlnnTOt J aventlnunro: 11 5.8 rwv (2) J -’ 13-14 183 10 1M “a4 cert? GUIE 1:1 EJetpwv' [ E JeE 39E erwv eEqnovrq YGYOVUta evog av 6pc; yuvn- ev epYOtg naXth papgupou E rpomE Jer J eE J 65E vobeJoew et (1er wv nooag ethey ct GXtBOpeVOtg e nnpxeoev' e: navE [ J ayaew enn v9lou9f 11. NcwyepEJg 9c E JOE JC 12 13 napatrou' 01a? yap uaraorpQVtaoouat rou xu yaucw eclou atV' cxouoat uptpq or: 19E Jpwynv n1 OTtV E JOGV' GDE 5.11 uaraorpnv1aowo: J naraorpnvzaoou0t 20 25 30 35 33 1145 be nat apvat In??? vouow E J€p§€OX9 uevat Tag OthaG' 40 Folio 298 r Column Two I Tim. 5:13-20 ou uovov 60 MW“! alla. no: cpluapQE nag neptE J XGXOU oat 1a pn oeovga' 11+ Boulouat ouv vcw 5 {cpag yauetv° Tc [ Joyetv Otno E J unbe J amcpunE J at govaE J aE JrE 10 JeE 15 E egcrpaqnoav [ ow 'rou oarava 16 H TH; morn exet xn 15 ' pag enapxetrw au 5.13 pavGavouo: J paveavouotv 39 5.16 31 J H 15 5.16 moroc; n J - 15 146 ram; E’ J L111 86196th 1.1 cxxknma' tva 1’th 1.0: ' 20 17 01 11(1le qpoeorE reg npeoBurepo: EJtane rtpnq aEE ouqemoay E E J: c[ J 1E 25 M W étémf 18 lent yap n qucpr} ou cpsuwom Bouv alowvra’ uat aEtog 9 gprarng TOU pE 30 19 oeou aurou' nara npeoeurepou nary yoptav pn napaoe xou' enroq et pn eE duo n rptmv uapru 35 20 pwv' “rouge auap‘ra .Noyrag ngntov navrwv exevxe tva 00 5.18 Bouv alowvra ou mtuwoetg‘ J on mtqutc Bouv alowvra° 28—29 147 um 01 10mm moBoE ewatv' Folio 298 r Column Three I Tim. 5:21-6:2 21 Atapap'rII mov 'rou [[ xat rwv [[ aYchwE wulafinc E nptuarofl fictwv nE 22 01v' xetpfl unoth E unbc nOtE rtasg axxofl oeauroy E 23 pet' unvfl Joret’ all oktvw on oropaxofl rag nuxvfl 2b, vetaq- 'rlI E JuaprlE 5.20 CXWOt J ewatv 25 148 LE]: 6101? E at; uptotfl xat cnanofl moaurwfl ep YJG E‘rJa uallE ua: ta anfl Tel IDUBnEE vavrat' E 6.1 Yno LUYOEE 2 Toug tbtoE Tag naonfl gyetowK To ov0pa [ nat n moan omnunrl 0t be morEE reg beanfl narampofl ort a6319fl alla ualkfl erwoav o[ 20 25 30 35 1+0 stat J etOtV 5.25 Ta Kala epya J epJJfla E'rJa naxfl a 20 2h 1H9 Folio 298 v Column One I Tim. 6:2-9 xDat E BuepYeUE BuEBJQVOE B Jue E B et 11g erngJo BXeEtJ xaE Derat E J] [Thug IIJoE JJuw T5 )9; B EcJUocE 3E JeE ngev eE Bvog alE DE Duathc Deovog B J cote 119mm. we Bovgpqg E fiaat btcm D avmv E '10 15 20 150 Max anegE Dwv Tn; E D youtgo Detouov 25 D euer Jav 6 De noptouoE B n euoegE Ja D Jrapneta; 7 Bap eton 30 B at; rov E Bit cube efie B évyf 8 BXOVTQE J 6e Dmnf 35 BE Encoueea 9 B Jouev01 DetE 39E 39E JauE 40 6.5 amtoraoo ano rwv ro¢ourwv J‘- 26-27 6.5 euoeaeta, J euoegEtJa 28 6.8 otarpomaq J otarpoflmnEv 35 151 Folio 298 v Column Two I Tim. 6:9-14 E J eE Ju uEthc; nonag E Tove; na; glagepE Jg aE ngec; gueggum 6.11 m J '- rouc; avouEgJ cgE 5 epov 39; 9E JcpE 10 E Jan E JeE E J oouvau; E 11 Eu 6: av: E J 9U 15 12 egg 11E 25 E J wuoxovnof E Jv 999JE E paervewy .13 geeqreue E 3° 1h _ E quE 4° 15 15 16 17 20 21 152 Folio 298 v 181335312321 E 9°‘9 [ JGIE J: 6E J o [JanaE JtoE uE E Jeuovrwv- 5 E E E Jg cxmv E Jv oy E J oE J avwv 10 o[ Je thE JaE Jato E JroE 9E EJOtc E 19E J qEv E 15 E J GTE JawE (16 lines illegible) E ng ouE E E Jon; E 35 (5 lines illegible) 153 Folio 295 r Column One I Tim. 6:21 u n n u (810) noE H xamc med .3. q?” Second Timothy Folio 295 r Column One (T? lines illegible) LI» gwEvJ 6aE 30 0C xapE J qlgme J 5 QQEVQOVY 1E (8 lines illegible) IE 40 F0110 295 r Column Two II Tim. 136-12 0 eoE linee illegible) 8 1111.1 ouv eE JUE J9 15 (25 lines illegible) 15u 155 Folio 295 r Column Three II Tim. 1312-232 (40 lines illegible) Folio 295 v Column One II Tim. 2:2—11 Ba napaeou 3101g a53f_— Dc ixavo Bat erepou; Ba1° B yanonaeg Balwg GTE 3; EU '33 fig orparE Dog eunlc JJou Btou npa Diatg' 1va 1w Droloygoavgg 39' De nat aelg BemavoE 10 15 2.3 naloq J nJJalwq 2.3 Inoou Xpiorou J is 1U 156 3n vouqu Don' 6 Dntwvra ye 3 bet npwrov 20 D napnwv ueE Ja 7 Bvetv ver JJ 6111061 yap Buve01v cE 8 JJoveuc T; i? 25 Beppevov cu Dwv en onepua Bo nara 109 on 9 Dion uou' ev w anew pcxpE 30 Dwv mg Kanou Ella o loyog rou B beberat' 10 Euro navra unE Bw' 61a roug en 35 Boug‘ 1va nai Drnptac Tuxq 2.? Own J 6w031 23 2.8 1'0 euayyeliov J rou euEanye). Dion 28-29 2.9 all’ J alla 32 157 1']ch; ev i3 TU 11¢ 39; atwv1ou‘ 11 D 9 E JoYoq nat #0 Folio 295 v Column Two II Tim. 2:11-19 E1 yap E JuvaneeavE uev nat ouvgnoouey 12 aurog e1 Unopcv naz ouuaamleuopev' E1 apvnooucea 110.1161. 5 yo; apvnoerat nuag 13 E; angoroupev eneE voE _ JioE Jog ueyE apvgoaer Jp can 701/ ou ouvaE 10 11+ Tamra unompvgouE 2.11 loyog J + na: #0 2.11 ougnoouev J ouanoouev 2 2.11 ougnoouev J + aurog 3 2.12 unoueVOpev J Ufiouev 3 2.12 oupBaailerouev J ouu8a01leuouev 4 2.12 apvoupeea J apvnooueea 5 apvnoaoeat J + YGJD 9 2.13 158 biauaprupouevog evwntov rou no in] loyouaxei on on 96v xp901uov en: «919E JmE auouoEJTwE J' 15 Enouoaoov oeauroy ooniuov napaorn oat 1w 6w° cpyaTE Jv avEanioxuvroy opeoroEJouvra 19E loyov 19; E 16 Tag 66 BesnlouEJ we 17 18 vomwv1ag nep: toraoo' en: nE J€§9V yap npon060801v aoeBeiac° KG} 0 XOYQS aurwv an E JGYE J001 ya 1101.11.11! eEet’ my CGTtV UbevatoE na4 mtlnroq E JTE veg wept Tnv aln 15 20 25 3o 2.1h loyOpaxeiv J loyouaxet 2.1h eig J en 11+ 11+ 159 leyovreq avaO’ta o’iv E JyoveyaE 11a! ava'rpeE JOE Tnv 1’1va 19 O uev'rm orepE Jc; 20 echelon; rou 5.5 Folio 295 v Column Three II Tim. 2:19—25 cornxcv exwv my ompaytéa Tau-my eva 31? roug ov Tag au'rou’ nai ano arm-m ano aoimag nag o ovopang TO ovoua 71—13” ev peyaln 56 0111161 oun eO'E oncun xpuqa Hat 09 yqu' alla you Euf nai ocrrpanwa E 35 1+0 kn Ja 2.18 rnv (2) J "' 2.19 XptGTOU J V5 35 160 a Elev etc; 1'1an a be en; anuiay' 21 Eav ouv rig enxa 15 eapn eaurov ano rou E J 0E Jeuog E Jone vov‘ euxpnofE Tm 6eoq9E 20 epyov ayaeoy E 22 9999???? ff 3 66 EJewrcpinag cqieu E J mguE Jc' btwue 6: E Jixaioou 25 vnv' qE peraE cntualoupE 19y KV’ en naeapag 23 napotav rat; 6: um 30 pag xat anaioeurouE LE J Hal Dairou 63E E 2.21 nai J -' 19 161 2“ Aouloy (3e nu ou 661 35 uaxeoeai alla nnioy ctyai "Q99 nav’ros gt 25 E naioeuovE Jug 2.24 all’ 1 alla 36 Titus Folio 294 r Column One Titus 3:13-15 13 letnn' 1n. Maveaygrwan be ‘nai E J ualwv epywv npo tOTaOGQt' etq avaynatag xpiag nuerepE Tag 5 tva pn wow anap 15 no:" aonagovrat 2e 01 peg epou ‘an ng' aonaoai T9US 10 Oilouvrag nuE cv "toret' II xaptg uerq navrmy uqu° 3.14 xpeiag J xpiag 6 1h 3.15 aunv J - 162 Philemon Folio 294 r Column Two Philemon 1-9 upoc $1191 1 E E E 'nn ayannrw uai ouv 2 epym 1]qu 11a: anmta Tn abelmn uai apxmnw 7w EJuorpartwrn n J’ Kai Tn E E J dou eE JlnE 3 xaptc WI 3 “DE 111} ano b‘b‘ 115—org 1w“. :3 75 f3 l+lEuxapiorw 7w E uou navro're E J 0E Ju notouue 2 ayannrn J abclmn 163 16h vo; en: rwv npo; euE Jew E Jou 5 E Joqu E 20 EJxet; at; E xai eiq navrag Toug 6 aytoug' 0mm; 1) not vaia 'rns E Jrew; aou eyepE 25 Ta: ey eE JaeE E Jo; ayaeou eE Duty :1: f? E 7 Xapav yap 7101an e oxov nai napanln 30 01v en: 1n ayann oou 011 1a onlayxvq rwv ayiwv avanenqu {at bia oou abeE Jtpe 8 610 qollE Jv ey SEE-(5 35 5 npo; J eig ‘ 21 6 rou J - 27 6 uuiv J Dptv 28 7 xapiv J Xapav 29 7 cxouev nollnv J nollnv eoxov 29-3O 165 EJaE JDflOiaE cm'raoew 001 TO 9 avnnov b1a «my ayannv pallov nE paxalm ro1ou1'01; 110 Folio 294 r Column Three Philemon 9-18 my 1111; naulEE Burns 1'0le beemog SE17 [E 10 napanalw C'EE 'rou euou Tel 5 0v eyevvnfl 101g bcouofl 11 o1uov rov [I axpno'rov' VII 001 um 01101 [E 10 orov 0v enEE 8 en1raooe1v J en1raoe1v 37 9 Inoou Xp10’rou J 355 [E TE:- 3 10 uou J [E - 7 11 aveflepta J cnfleuva 11 166 12 001' cu be auEE laBou rouEE ra eua onlaEE 13 CV cyw eBolI 15 npoq euaulI rexew' 1va [[ aou 1.101 b1a11EE (W 101; beauII you cuaychE 20 11+ xwp1g be full: vaunc ouEE eelnoa no1nfl 11m 111] 1111; 11K my to ayaOEE 25 alla nara euEE 15 Taxa yap 61a. 1‘”: cxwp1oen nlI pqv' 1va a1wEE 16 aurov anexIE 30 11611 cm; bouEE all ’ Unep bouEE 11 aveneuWa J 4' 0’01 12 12 aurov roureor1 ra eua onlayxva npoo- laBou J auEIrovJ] laBou ‘rouflIreon J] . . . 13-111 13 b1axovn 1101 J 1101 b1a11EE0vn 18 167 abelmov ayfl pal1ora eufl be uallov 0'[[ 35 ev 0ap111 110.1 [E 17 e1 ouv cue [E n01vwvov fl laBou aurov [E 18 euc' n be ‘r1 um 20 Folio 294 v Column One Philemon 18-25 3 0e n om1le1 Bro euog elloya 19 fl nauog eypaE In sun xetpt eE 3007100 E 5 Beyw 001 071 n01 Brov u01 an 20 Ble1g' ya1 abel Byw 00u E 111163 01/0an 10 18 E1 J n 40 18 ome1le1 J 001le1 1 18 elloye1 J elloya 2 19 Haulog J nauoq 3 21 22 23 24 25 168 D TE J onlayxyE XBE“ D19wq Tn uE D 00u eypaWa E B: 011 §a1 uqep 30 "GE nge15' Dc ua1 ero1pE Dev1av eE Bap 011 61a E Deuxwy E DobnooE flora; 06 enE D o 0uva1xE Doc uou ey E B papyoE Brapxoc E Dnaq o1 auvepE Dou BS rou {U E Ba rou EVE qu Jv’ Bg m1lguova Damn ano pqu JC 15 20 25 30 23 Aonagovra1 J aonagcra1 22 Hebrews Folio 299 r Column One Heb. 11:32-57 32 gm {1 g[ E 31[ E ‘WEPI 76E Jeov E Jap E Jc¢9E 5 636 1e ua1 E JauouE xa1 E qu npomnE 13 01 919 ‘UE (4 lines illegible) empaE JrE 34 leovguE buvau1v E 15 emuyov E uaxa1pag E 9E JeE JOE JOE p01 ev noE 20 11.32 rebcwv J yeEbJeov h 169 170 peuaoli J; 35 allorp1mv E yuvaiE ] qy[ JeQE E Juer 25 ruunaE oE J npooE E Jreeqef 1va an Jovoq ava oraoem; ruy001v 3O 36 Erepo1 be eunagqu Jy n01 uaor1ywv nepaE elaBov’ e71 E Je oumv uaE J OUAE J5 37 el19a09n0av 35 en1pa069E enpgoenE ev movm E Jqq aneeavov' nep1gl eov ev unlmqa1§ #0 11.36 nepav J nepaEv ~ 32 11.37 ene1pa00n0av J en1pa06nEcav 36 11.37 enpi00n0av ene1pa00n0av J efi1paoenE0avJ enpgoOnEaav 36-37 171 Folio 399 r Column Two Heb.ll:37-12:3 ev aiyE J01E Jepuao1v uorepouueyo1 E E 38E 999E J1aq nlavw 9E J91 na1 opqu 00E JlaE (29 lines illegible) 12.3 E JaoE J6 E J {E Jy :91E JurE J J uE vnuora 800 {my Folio 299 r Column Three Heb. 12:3-11 apaprwle K roug E E E E E E 4 one ueE I ave1uareE JeE 40 12.3 aurov J eauDrou; 12.4 0000 J 000 172 rnv auaprE I ywvuoucyfli 5 1E JnE JeE II eeflnqwc IE 10 0.11; 6101: E JaE [E G1e uou pg OI U91519< E E E JuE E 6 E JoE E 15 E Jeue1 I E J be navE Ja E E Jpabexerafl 7 E J1b1av ‘GE E J; 5101; E 20 0E Juan 0 '9'? IE E J; 01/ cu na1lI 8 E J be xwp1q eE E J ne'rlI E J01 navrfl 25 E J01 na1 Dunk 12.5 na1be1a§ J nagb1ag 13 12.? na1be1av J naJ1b1av 19 12.8 cote na1 oux u101 J 110.1 ouEEx u101 eere 26 173 9 EE J 10m; ueE E Juo; nquE etggueE J11 E J eyerpenlI 30 cu nolu ualE [E E JgooueE [I 'anJ ”V151: E JaII 10 O1 uev yap npoEE E Jepag 11am [I 35 aurmq ena1beEE O E Je em 10 ouII eEJc; 1’0 ueralaEE E Jq aymrnroEE 11 naoa na1be1a "II 110 Folio 299 v Column One Heb. 12:11-17 JJo napov 00 60 JJ )Sapag e1va1 al 3015' Uorepov JJapnov e1an1 J] 1011; 61 au'rou 5 12.9 nollm J nolu 31 12.11 1. J - no 12.11 aueng J aurou 5 12 13 11) 15 171+ Duvaouev01q D1bw01 b1na10 3111' fig nape1uevag Dc na1 ea napale Beva yovara avo Bara1- na1 rpoyg Beag.no1n0era1 B 0001v thv’ Dn TO xwlov flann’ 1aen be Bov' e1pnvnv Here uefa E D ua1 10v ayE BY 0u xwp1g 0 D1 10v VV' e01 Dnouvreg' un Bowepwv ano egg Bro; TOU 85 Be 9110 fitan qu B muouoa eE 10 15 20 25 12.12 avopewcare J avoEE p0w0]]ara1° 12.13 no1n0are J no1n0era1 12 13 175 D na1 b1 aueng p1 .Bwo1v 01 noll01 Be Hooves 0 Be 16 Doe w; naau' 0; av 30 Bwoewg p1ag awe Do 10 npwroron1a 17 Bou‘ 101e yap 071 3 per e01 eelwv Dpovoun0a1 rnv 35 Boy1av aneb0n1 Den ueravo1a; D ronov oux eupev Dnep uera bawpu B engnrnaag auggy 40 Folio 299 v Column Two Heb. 12:18-25 18 Ou yap npoelnluea ra1 Wnlamwuevm' 12.15 610 raurnq J 61 aurng 27 12.15 u1avemo1 J u1av6w01v 28 12.15 u1avewo1 J + 01 28 12.17 uerene1ra J per e01 34 12.17 eupe J eupev 38 12.18 npocelnlueare J npoelnlurara1 1 12.18 ope1 Ji— 2 176 1101 uexauuevw nupE E J yvoqxg E gem: 1101 Cuelln 5 19 1101 oalmyyog man 1101 mwvn pmia'er n; 01 anou0avre1; napnrnaavro npoo reeE Jva1 001-011; E 10 20 01:11 emepov yap E J0 b1001ell0ueE lav Oan J Ocyn you opoug l10090ln 21 91100101' 1101 ou‘rcpq 15 mogepov mar 70 may 10; oue vov ' uwu 0E J1; 01E Jev enmoBE e1u1 110E J ev‘rpouog. 12.18 0u07¢ J Lomw 5 12.19 1111 J - 9 12.20 61yn J eeyg 13 12.20 n Bol1b1 nararofieu6n0e701 J - 15 12.21 0010 J ouqu 15 12.21 Mm0nc J uwuaEnJc 17 177 22 E J npoaelE JluE 0101/ open 1101 no le1 33' varoq 1E Ju eqoupawm 1101 uu 01091v ayE Jelwv E 23 JupeE J eE E'quroronE anoyeypauuevwv ev oupavo1g' 1101 um en 55' navrmv' n01 nyeuu001 b1ua1wv retel1wuevwv' 21+ 1101 b1aen11nc; veac; 0e011n 15' naE Jug r1 pavr10uou wpe1 rovr1 napa 10v agel 25 Blenere un napE J1 rn0n0ee 10v lEaloJuy 10' e1 yap eue1v01 20 25 30 35 12.23 12.23 12.24 12.24 ey oupav01q anoyeypauuevwv J anoyeypauuevwv ev 0upav01c rerele1wuevwv J rerel1wuevwv npe1rrova J npe1rovr1 lalouvr1 J - 27-28 31 35 35 178 oun eEemuyov e01 yng napa1rn00uev01 40 Folio 299 v Column Three Heb. 12125-1314 rov xpnuar1govra' nolu pallov E J 701/ 01.1 oupE Jwv ano0rpE 26 mouevor 0u 11 cpwyn rnv ynv e00leuoe 5 TOTG' Nuv be enayyellege leymv' e11 000: eyq 010111 ou uovoE ynv‘ alla E 301 10E 10 27 pavoy’ to be E 12.25 emuyov J eEemuyov 39 12.25 rng J -1 39-40 12.25 rov e01 1n; ynq napa1rn00uev01 xpnuar1L0yTa J e01 yn; napa1rnoauev01 10v xpnuar1govra 39-1 12.25 nollm J flolu 2 12.25 mm; J - 3 12.26 ennyyelra1 J enayyelleye 7 12.26 0e1m J 0100 9 179 bEJlo1 10v 00E Jeuo uevwv neno1nue vwv‘ 1V0 ue1vn Ta un oaleuoueva‘ 28 A10 6001le1av aoaleu 10v napalagoyfoc E Juev xap1[J 0E E JpeumueE J euape 0111):; no .975 uera eul081ac uaE J beouq 29 1101 yap 0 e1; 11qu nup naravalwnoy' 13.1 1] m1labelm1a ueve 70' E Jn; 01lo§e NE J5 un en1lav eaveoE 2 A10 rauE J1; yap e laeov E J1ve§ 15 20 25 12.27 rnv uerabea1v we J - 12.28 napalauaavovreg J napalagovreg 12.28 01bouq K01 J - 12.28 eul08e10; J culaa1aq 12.28 eulafie1ag J + xaE1J beoug 13 17 20 21 21 180 Eevcoavreg av 30 yexoug' 3 vanoueaem rwv Geopc1wv oc; ouvbeaepe v01 35 10v nanouxou gcva 0u101 ovreq ev E J9 par1° 1} T1p10q o yapog cv #0 13.2 EcV100vreg J Eeveaavreq 30 13.3 u1pvnoneooe J ptpvnoneaea1 32 13.3 beep1wv J beepe1wv 33 13.3 (m: J 01 31+ James Folio 222 r Column One James 4:14-5:4 1h [ E 15 0vr1 rou keyew 91.10:; 601/ 0 1.1g. 6E Jn 1.101 E E 16 vo' yuy be E 0601 (W 1011; E wag ung’ 17 (411nes illegible) ouE E 5.1 Aye [ Jv o1 11E JoE an rec; eE 301 E E b.16 nauxaoec J naux0J10001 8.16 010L0ve101c; J 0103037101; 181 182 2 of J Up: J 9[ E 3 11,1? 119 E E 3 E 25 E oE TE u (5 lines illegible) col (5 lines illegible) EU 008E J? 610E no Auee1oqv° Folio 222 r Column Two James 5:5-11 5 EE JtpE Jre cm 1E JG E QQTS' eE 1E Jc; uE Jp61qg 59E E J ev nuepa 000 5 6' E rEaJ1 emoE JeuE 5.h e1aexn1u0001v J e1aEeAnJ1u6e100v #1 5.6 uareb1u0007e J u01e61n000JrE0J1 7 183 u01ov ouE JIE raaocrE J Upw' 7 1.491999% ouv E J 1:11; E E E "1.119? 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Joy 10 ev auroE Jc m {6" 1199139979 poucvoy E flaenpafE 13E J10 rau'ra E l: JqJE c J 19v?! [ J 61n1covE JUE 0 vuv avgYE 610 erE E E E [3]“; 0 eTI‘tE JUE 20 25 30 35 1+0 Second Peter Folio 301 r :ffiWzfihy (6 lines illegible) rqu 19? 11$ 1C (6 lines illegible) 11E 15 E E KaE E E mfl E aerBJeE E E 25 GE E mnc copuan 192 8 9 14 15 193 E Jt Yap n01 05E (12 lines illegible) Folio 301 r Column Two 11 Pet. 3:97-14 (l0 lines illegible) @E JouE (27 lines illegible) E J beleaE JoyreE Vuxaq gorgptngouE no napéE JY E Jeruuva 52:01:21.: II Pet.2:l4-20 opJeynv 'QE 31; 61(0va J01; rem/0 [I Jnovres E E K 5 Jvn9nan [E Jnoavreg I E Ju 601000, E E Ju Booop E _ Dc u1oeoE 1O qyannoefl 16 17 18 19 191+ E Je eoxev 1[ E J10? GEE E Jowvov E mwvn om vov' eumE 1111/ 101.1 WEE E Japampoyfl OUTO! 610E 0yuopo1° vE Uno latlaII JvouevaE E cpog TOU 011EE rernpnrafl unepovufl ornrog ml usvo1 9E E ev en1eupfl nog- aaelyfl oytwg E E 1'01; tom; E [E avaorpeml eleueeefl eE JaYYeXE 0u1o1 60E E 15 20 25 30 35 195 Xovreg rnE [I I0 Yap ft: E E E Jourw nag E 1'01- e1 70[[ 20 town; 70 EE rou 11oo1.1[[ Folio 301 v Column One II Pet. 2:20-3:3 31 rou ifi' nE B J 75' i5“ rou D "011v epqla 319 nrrmv Drovev auro1q Bra xe1pov0 Dpwrwv' 21 By yap 007E BnevaE JJy obov 19E Buvnc' n e 2.20 Kup1ou J + nEqu 2.20 epnlanevreg J 01.111100111611111“ 196 Buo1v 01g 70 D 0v0u00¢01 Dc napaboGE 3701; 0710g 15 22 Bus‘ douse B auro1g 19 In; Bug n0po1u10g- B en101pe¢05 Bb1ov sgepa 20 fig louoapE D yul1ap0 B Jou 3.1 B gbn avafln Brepav 501v 25 B en1orolgE B1eye1pw U Dpvnoc1 1E Byn 610voE JaE 2 an01 rwv 30 B Jpevwv Dmv uno TE Boomnrwv 2.21 0010196101 J e1; 10 I ] avauapawa1 12-13 197 Bwv ano Dv Upwv av 35 B 100 EU n01 3 BE Jrov vaoxov D Jrov 011 e 3101 en eoxa no Bwv npepwv Folio 301 v Column Two 11 Pet. 3:3-9 E E SE I BE J N010 10g en16uu1a; au rwv nopeuonevE J1 11 n01 leyoE Jre; nou 5 qu THC E JpouoE J9 E E 3? 15 I“? 02 [ enolE 11an ME 391/ ME 3.2 nuwv J upwv 35 3.3 71vwonovreg J + Jrov 39 3.3 1610g J - 3 3.3 aurwv en1eup10g J en1eup10g aurwv 3-4 198 10 con“ 610E JeyE 10 an apxnc; 111106193" 5 A0v60ve1 yap 0111005 Touyo E Jv1E J; E E 1101 noav eE 15 1101 71] 6E] 1.160101; 1101 1.160101; ouvg 010100 E J19 E Jou Bu 6 loyE J 0 1E EJooE Joc; UE 20 1d 7 0E] ée VUY 9C 101 n Tn 11» 001E loyw 1991100091 Guev01 6101 E 25 E E 1101 CE 311113101; 1‘9? aoeBwv 0vwv' 3.4- ou1m J ou1wq 10 3.5 61’] "' 17 3.7 1n 3 + Tm 23 199 8 Ev be 10010 01] 1E 30 Owen» 171.101; 070 E J 111.10 WE Jpa F— ]; E 0 0111' 1101 $1110 E we nuepa mar 35 9 01.1 Bpaouvet 11? 1111; 61107101 101; ° 0110 panpoeuE J eE J U pour un BouE JOE Je v01; 111mg arroE Je 40 0901' 0110 wav'rac; Folio 301 1 Column Three II Pet. 3:9-15 01; 0010110101! xwa J001' 10 3501 be mlepa 175 w; 111en1ng’ av 11 053.51 3.9 o J - 36 3.9 w; 11ve; Bpaou1n10 nYOUVTat J‘- 37 3.9 nnac J uuac 38-39 3.10 ev vu1111 J - 3 01 J - 3 3.10 200 PUE Jnoov 110061011 00V1E J 0E Jam 61: 5 E 061111 EJa1 EJQ 1101 10 011 0011.1 epya 11010110 noe101° 11 Tou1wv ouv 1101111111! 10 100110va 11010 1101.11; 6E J 111.1qu011; UE [I Jqu 1101 was 12 E 15 101; 1101 011606011101; 111v 110E Joucnav 1111; 1011 375 npepag’ E J 011E J 110000 E 1101' 20 E E 13 I$01voug be oupavoug 1101 nevnv 111v 11010 3.10 po1gn60v J puELanov 4 3.10 109n00v101 J 1uenoe101 7 n01vnv J usvnv an 24 3.13 an 201 10 000E J0 au Jou 0poobonwueE E JUE E 14 A10 0101111E J01 101.110 npoaéoqu1eg 000u60001e 0001 E 00E ev gspnvn' 15 E paupoeuE JGV 0w 1np10v 0101090' {{0ng 11E J 0 EE 10g npwv q§§1QE 000105 nafE 6060100v 001m 25 30 35 40 3.15 001w 6090100v J 5060100v 001m 41 First John Folio 308 1: Column One I John 4:6-12 6 E11 100100 [E 000E 0106§E J KE HY? 7 Ayargggot. 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A few minor items, however, may require brief explanation. For the various biblical books the tables of vari- ants are arranged in the same order as the text material of the biblical books in "Part Two“ of this volume. with, in each book the variants follow the same order as in the footnotes of the foregoing text. Chapter and verse refer- ences are also given in the same order and.manner as in the text. However, the complexity or some variants has required separate treatment of the several aspects in— volved. In such instances the reading of the variant as given in the preceding text may be altered‘by listing separately, and successively, its various aspects or parts. Wherever this necessity occurs the first listing of the variant is marked'by an asterisk (*J to indicate that the entry immediately following must also be considered.1 1In situations where the variant has required more than two listings 0 second asterisk is added to the first entry to indicate the need for observing the next two successive listings. 222 223 Other slight differences between footnotes of the foregoing text and tabulations in the following pages may be noted briefly. In the column of Greek variants, the left column, it has usually been deemed unnecessary to bring forward the square brackets, double brackets, or dots which may have been used in listing a particular vari- ant as a footnote. Only where the tabular consideration of a given reading may be in doubt, as indicated by such brackets or dots, will these accessories be feund in the tables. Variants too long for convenient full inclusion in the tables are represented.by their first word or phrase and their last word(s), properly separated by the three spaced periods normally used for ellipses. Hanu- script evidence, or appr0priate notations, will be found in the several columnar spaces to the right of each vari- ant. Citations appear in the customary order-~papyri,2 uncials, minuscules, lectionaries, versions, and Fathers. According to the usual custom the available manu- script evidence which agrees with each listed variant of 048 is offered in family groups in so far as these groups are currently known and recognized. Obviously the largest grouping is still the ”Unclassified.“ In fact, the whole purpose of the present endeavor has been to lift one more manuscript (043) out of that category. The data which 2Citations of papyri are always indicated by a Gothic P with a superscript Arabic numeral. 224 appear in the several columns of the following tables have been largely drawn from Tischendorf's, Novum Testgggntug cgagcg; mgigig octagg Critigg !§;92,5 and from von Boden's, B i n Neue T ament in or "1 - T x al ,4 although other critical texts have been consulted. A few notations, hitherto un- published, have been submitted by the translations depart- ment of the American Bible Society. All manuscript desig- nations, except the few great uncials which are better known by their letter symbols, have been converted to the now commonly accepted Gregory numerical system.5 Perhaps a word should be said regarding the types of variants which have been discovered in the text of 048 and listed in the footnotes and tables. As might be ex- pected they are of the usual kinds-~omissions, additions, substitutions, transpositions, and variations in spelling 8Constantiue Tischendorf and Caspar Renatus Gregory, Novum TestamentgggGraecg (3 vols.; Editio Octava Critica Maior; Leipzig: J. C. Hinrichs, 1869-18945. *Hermann F. von Boden, Die Bohriften des Neuen Testamentg in ihrer altesten egreichbaren Tgxtgegtgls (3 vols.; Gottingen: Vandenhoeck und Ruprecht, 1902-1913). 5In addition to the information provided by the two works cited above the following practical aids to con- version may be suggested: Kurt Aland, Kurzgefaaste Ligtg ggr griechigchen Handschriftgn dgg Neugn Testaments. beiten ur neute ntli hen Textfc hun (Berlin: Walter de Gruter, 1963 , Band I, and Benedict Kraft, gig ZQichen ffirgdie wichtigeren ggggsghgiftgn deg ggigghigcgeg Reuen Testaments (5rd ed.; Freiburg: Herder, 1955 . 225 including itacisms and the use or non-use of movable 33. Since most critical texts pay little or no attention to the movable pg its occurrences in 048 are simply listed in the tables as such, but usually without supporting evidence. Itacisms offer more serious problems. The scribe of the manuscript whose text and variants are here pre- sented appears to have been quite uncertain about possible differences between the diphthong, on. and the single vowel, 0. His renderings frequently, though not always, incline to the latter. Wherever these renderings differ from the 395335 Regeptug they are listed as itacisms in the following tables, but seldom with supporting evidence. A similar problem arises between the second person plural ending, -oee, and the ending of the middle and passive in- finitive, -oeat. Obviously the confusion of these endings allowed more possibility for alteration of the sense of a clause. Hence, in the tables, these variants are some- times listed with available manuscript evidences.6 In a few instances it appears that the scribe of this manuscript may have gone his own way in wording or 6For a discussion of more general problems and characteristics of itacisms the reader is referred to Bruce M. Metzger, The Tgxt of the New Testament: Its Tran mi sion Corru tion R tor tion (New York: Oxford University Press, 1964 , pp. 190-192. 226 in spelling, thus indicating that he also was 3v00000g cpoionaofic with others of his profession. 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Adopmaa pozv >0246v00=6 noxa6pbo=6 #a.¢ ahngaa mp.aama u =>0aa¢040909 >0nc >0 hum mmm #am mom mm 0 am an u< n>.1¢ >0 >0>00 :>01300ao>uv ma.v .aocD .th .8m03 .Noa4 mfio .m .8 .Hmm 000 and: acoaoonm< ad .uodadaaa an .uouuocaaa 0000 H each unhah 279 go hob m3 0.0.30 00000 00:00 0000 000 000000 000 000 00004 Ham 0000 no 000 page .— an 30.3 coma >0a0 90.00 500 8.3 a“5.30 000 000a 0000 000a 000 000 0H0 0 30 bed. 3 0a a firm." Hand ONG GHQ 5H9 $05 a: 3d. 00m... mmm g mNN am 00 A“: .H” Onondav .aocD .nhm “mopuaa uncannu 02V ”0000 non 0 0 000xc02>06101 >c oa.m I an» :0 >0 u0>>00 1:006: 00 >.0.0 V0009 06: .0000 >0 0.00» .0 .0030 06: .6133" >00>4 0... .6: u0>0< 0 05.6: 0 .9>60:0 or >0 mubé >0 + :3 .6: 0.0 daad H.446 m.m >313 n23:— 0.0 >350?» 20:30:». «.0 $6 .m .n. .93 30.0 a 280 .300... 000 0.0H 00000 0.000 coma £000 and n.0fih0 bnma mom «#0 mmm mmm 006 0&0 man 0 Hanna bNaN mwma bnma mom mmm mmm mam mmm mam mm m 00.0 mama 000a 000. 000. 0.0. 000. 0.0 0.0 000 0.0 000 00+ .00 000 000 .0. 00 .aocb Ammumaa poz .amaomPHV 32. 0 0 000 00 08 42 300 0 ‘ 000 000. mbaa mmm M an mdz Auop0aa 0009050 020 .4 .uhm .0003 .H0a4 mfio npa:.anoeoohm< ca .00aaaadh hp .00000aua3 anon 000000 .6».0>0a m0>0>0a oa 0>=00a0=6 a>01|0040=6 .00 >9960> >c>.6s n>=>.6x .00 >9960> I 7.0.03“ 06> + H.6000 H60300.0>0 n>6090>0a n. n m mnvo .m .9 .Hom anon HH 281 50000aa 9900050 020 .0000 non sum .HH0. 000. 00 mnba mmm mama mwma puma mn¢ 0042 A0090aa poz .a0a000HV Adopmaa 9900030 020 .aozb .th .9003 .N0a< mdo swab pcoa0onm¢ 0a .00aaaamh an .0000000a3 anew dnaa9 .6>0>9xun=0 n.6V0X00.=0 .p + m6}60>m 60013>0> m60013>.> >0004.90 m>0noa.0eo >Qx.>00 n>3>00 606: m0=6 0.0:.0t av.00c.0= 0930» namv uaok 0.0 6.0046 n6.00ca6 5009>06n a>ap>300ap06a m n mmo .m .9 .90m anon HHH 282 as 0» H00. 000. 000. 0.0 000 000 mwma amba aama mam aam amm mom ama mafi mm mm a .000ma 00.0 and 4.00 > mmma abma amma bama mama bNma mm9a mam amm mad mmm mmm mm mm a 0» 00.0 000a 000. 000. 000.000 000 000 000 000 0.0 0 maam .aoap 000 00.: 000000000 0. .00...000 00 .0000000.3 300 0 000 00 M an $00 « .00 m>.0u&60» n.6fi60» .00 aa am «#0 M a omaz tm>.0u&60> n.6060r .00 aa “£000 #09 M 0 omdz .6u0m60> a>.0e60> aa 50000.non m omdz 060.0 a0>60.0 ma. Adopuaa 9020 >0x6030 m0x6030 aa 4 >6 m>60 ca .000 .0003 .0004 000 .0 .0 .000 anon aaa mmmmmmmawunnnou HHH PART FOUR SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS Summary and Conclusions The purpose of the present transcriptional and editorial endeavor, though frequently implied or stated in the foregoing pages, may be appropriately mentioned again. In the year 1909 Gaspar Renatus Gregory published with.regard to this manuscript the statement previously quoted. "Le; .1392; in 09.0 niohi 2mm 1.1.01 mmm.“ Until now, the passing of more than a half century has left his affirmation still confirmed. It is haped that this publication of the text and collation may render Gregory's words no longer apropos. The text of Manuscript Vatican Greek 2061 (Gregory O48), carefully gleaned from photographs pro- vided by the Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, is now made readily available to students of the Greek New Testament. It is frankly understood, however, that several years of eXposure to critical study may be requisite to any proper estimate of its value. The collation, with its classified evidence, may well require even more investigation. 10. R. Gregory, Textkritik de§Neuen Testaments (5 vols.; Leipzig: J. C. Hinrichs, 1900- 909 , , p. 104. See also the "Introduction'l to the present volume, p. 3. 284 285 It is an extremely hazardous undertaking to attempt the determination (gestimggng) of family relation- ships of a biblical manuscript. Several factors contrib- ute to this hazard. Not least of these may be the large body of unclassified evidence which is suggested, but by no means exhausted, in the preceding tabulations. The despair of the collator may always be his knowledge that his evidence, at best, is incomplete. The time comes, however, when an editor must resign himself to the (night .Igzilg) conclusion of a task. Page 287 of this volume carries a numerical tabulation of classified support for disagreements of manuscript 048 with the Zggtg§,§eg§p§u§. With fullest rec0gnition of the uncertainties and dangers of arithmet- ical computation when dealing with biblical manuscripts it still seemed unfair to the total undertaking, and per- haps not quite fair to the reader, to leave the work without some assimilable digest of the evidence as classi- fied in the “Tables of Variants.'2 The figures given on page 287 are nothing more than numerical totals of the witnesses listed in the several columns of the tables. These figures must be consulted with a very cautious 20bviously the ”Unclassified" evidence must be left to the individual discretion of each reader, though probably many of the witnesses listed as such would be- ong to the Byzantine group. 286 recollection of the fragmentary character of extant por- tions of the manuscript. Nevertheless, when all the hazards have been tak- en into account, it still seems possible to infer from the frequent numerical preponderance of Alexandrian over other known families of witnesses (as tabulated.on.page 38?) that the manuscript here being considered bears substan- tial evidence of Alexandrian literary influence. Yet one must hasten to add.that Western.influences might have had a.part in shaping the textual pattern, at least in.por- tions where the count of Western witnesses approximates that of the Alexandrian.3 Perhaps a final word should be said regarding the evidence listed as "Unclassified.” If this were classi- fied, and grouped accordingly, it seems possible that oth- er strains of literary influence might also be detected. Beyond these broad and tentative generalizations it would be unwise for an editor to go until this published text and collation have been exposed for a time to the critical examination of various contemporary schools of New Testa- ment research. When that has been accomplished the pres- ent writer will gladly return to further consideration of possible family connections of manuscript 048. .“ “-fl~~" 1. -“ -—v.-o--—.‘~ ’0‘ 3Neither of these statements should be construed as implying anything with regard to a.geographical area within which the task of writing may have been done. 287 0 0 0 0 o q. 0. 0 0 a 0 H H 00 00 00 00 00 «a. 00 .QQH .SOh .nnfl .pmm mmamh .Dmm coamddnm o m o a a ma 0 n o o b m m 00 mm on 00 00H 0 00 00 00 00 000 .00009 H .000 ...00 .000 .000 H. .000 H m 0 GOH 00H .amm .aopmem m n w mm mm mm HHH cam .aom 0po< em .a nparvmmo paaaomsmmz ho mucmseoamemao sou paoaasm doduammeao no coupmadnma Hmoaamsdz 00.000.0 .nhm .9003 .uod< hads0a 00.0050 .uhm .0003. .s0H0 aa.s00 288 Of more incidental concern are the singular variant readings of this manuscript. For convenience of observation these have been.drswn out of the foregoing tables and listed together on pages BBQ-892.4 Examina- tion of these singular readings makes it clear that they disclose little additional information regarding the text. From the list on pages 389-892 several groupings of simi- lar kinds of variants have been compiled on pages 393-294, though it is not expected that critical readers will by any means agree as to the particular variants which may lend themselves to such consideration, nor indeed to the method of grouping here chosen. Convenience of observa- tion is all that was designed. The purpose here is no different from that of the entire task of transcribing and editing the manuscript-~simply to make easily acces- sible to New Testament scholarship the text and variant readings of all extant portions of this ancient document. 4Itacisms, obvious mis-spellings, and variants {glgh.involve only movable pg have been omitted from this s . giggle: Variant Reading! of Hanuscript 048 Lots T. R. 048 28 .9 acesvctac] datevetav 28.14» en’ duratq ewtuetvat] ewtuetva: wap aurotq 28.24 be] _ Romans 14.8 Lmuev (2)] + rat 14.11. yovu] + ev oupavE 1y YCin 14.13 uptvmuev] uptvouuev 14 .13 and 10010] 110 CLUTO 15.1 ‘aoeevnuaraJ aoeevn 15.4 tva] + sat 15.6 rou Keptou nuwv] rou nuwv In 15.8 yeyevnoOasl yeyevvnoee I Corinthians 3.3 core (1)] + xafl: l] nomad]: 3.6 Anoilmq] awollug 5.11 ouvavautyvuoeat] + B Jvotc° 289 290 I Corinthians T. R. 048 13.3 vs uuo'mpza. wavrd] nay-ta. 10 women 13.13 rouraw] - 14:.1 Lnloure] Lnlou 14.1 be 1'0] 1'0 be 14.12 cum] corms 14.12 ewet] am 14.16 swat] en: 15.9 Mon] + to 15.13 e: be dvco'raosg venpmv] e: vswpl: 15.26 c] - II Corinthians 4.7 mg] - 5.19 rov] - 8.14, we. not to enewuw wepzooeuua yevn'rat etc TO uumv uorspnpa 8.15 our (1)] ouv 8.15 nlarrovnoe] elarrovnoev 8.23 Xptorou] + w 10 . 6 wapcuonv] :co[ J v Ephesians 5.17 too] - 5.31 way] + more [I 1] new 600 all I] ma 6.8 ewe (1)] - 291 Colossians T. R. 048 1.27 tn: (2)] ' 2.2 au‘rmv] uEuuw 2.7 ev aura] + [ Jtmrwva II flaw 2.7 1n fitOTCt] curE II Timothy 2.3 adios] sale; 2.8 TO euayyeltov] rou euayyeltou 2.11 ougnoouev] + aurog 2.12 unoucvouev] uncuev Hebrews 12.11 aurnq] aurou 12.17 perewstra] per set 12.18 npooelnlueare] npoelnluearat 12.24 upstrrova] nostrovrt 12.24 lalouvrt] - 12.25 nuetq] - 12.26 cwnyyelrar] ewayyellere 12.27 rnv peraeeozv we] r 13.3 mg] 0; James 5.4 etoelnluaaOtv] etoelnlueetoav 5.17 avepmwoq nv] nv avoq 1‘] 292 I Peter T. R. 048 1.6 can] + apa; 11 Peter 2.21 11v] - 3.3 ywmouovreg] + Jrov 3.3 tctac] '- 3.9 cm; nvec; Bpacurnra nyouvrat] -- I John 4.21 we 0 ayanwv TOV esov ayawc sat rov abelmov auvou J - 5.3 orav rov Geov ayamouev] - 5.10 nv usuaprupnuev o Geog] - 11 John 3 carat) + yap III John 3 uaprupouvruw] pap‘rupufl: 9 embsxerm] cwlexuvcrat Analytical Groupings of .giggular Variant Readiggg of Manuscript O48 “Corrections" of grammar, concept, or wording: Acts 28.9 aoOevetag] acOeVCtav Acts 28.14 ew’ aurctc emuewat] emuewat flap GUTOt§ Rom. 14.13 uptvmusv] uptvouuev I Cor. 14.1 Lnloure] Lnlou 001. 2.7 1a fltOTet] aurfl I Pet. 1.6 0011] + npag Additions, apparently from memory, from.similar biblical passages: Rom. 14.11 ycvu] + ev oupavE 1v YCHOV' of. Phil. 2.10, yovu wants enoupavtmv wax cfltYCth. I Cor. 5.3 core (1)] + set U: B weptnarl ' of. last clause of the same verse. Probable instances of homoiotelguton: II Cor. 8.14 tva as: to enetvmv weptooeuua yevnra: en; 1'0 uumv uorepnua ]— II Pet. 5.3 16mg] - I John 4.21 tva <3 ayawmv rov 9eov ayawc na: rov acelmov aurou] — ‘ 293 29h Problematical variant readings: Rom. 14.13 0110 rourc] 110 euro I Cor. 5.11 OUVa‘VGptYVUOOGt] + I] Jvotv II Cor. 10.6 wapdncnv] :00[ IV Eph. 5.31 may] + more [II I] CtO’tV 600 all; ]] ma- Col. 2.? cv aura] + [ Jtmruwa. [I new II Tim. 2.11 auLnoouev] + aura; II Tim. 2.12 uwouevouev] unopev Heb. 12.24 upstrrova] upstrovrt Heb. 12.24 lalouvrt] - Heb. 12.26 cnnyyelrat] enayyellere Heb. 12.27 rnv ucraeeOtv mg] - II Pet. 5.3 thwouovreg] + Jrov II Pet. 5.9 mg rtveq apacurnra nyouvrat] — I John 5.2 orav rov eeov aydwmuev] - I John 5.10 M newsroom") - III John 9 entcexerat] cmexuverat Bibliography Greek Texts Bover, Joseph M. (ed.) Novi Testamenti Biblia: Grgeca et Latina. Editio Quartg. Madrid: Talleres Graficos Montana, 1959. B KAINH AIAGHKH. Oxford: 1873. Reproduced by photographic offset at the University of Chicago Press. Manuscript Vatican Greek 2061 (Gregory 048). Photo- graphic plates. Rome: Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, 1963-1965. Merk, Augustinus (ed.). Novum Testamentum: Graece et Latins. Editio Octaga. Rome: Bumptibus Pontificii Instituti Blbllcl, 1957. Nestle, Erwin, and Aland, Kurt (eds.). Novum Tesgg; mentum Greece. 25. Auflage. Stuttgart: wurttembergische Bibelanstalt, 1965. von Soden, Hermann Freiherr. Die Schrigten deg_§euen Testaments in ihrer altesten erreichbaren Textgestalt. I. Teil, Untersuchungen, 1. Ab- teilung, Die Textzeugen, Berlin: 1902. ii. Abteilung, Die Textformen: A. Die Evangelien, 1907. iii. Die Textformen: B. Der Apostolos mit Apokalypse, Géttingen: Vandenhoeck und Ruprecht, 1911. II. Teil, Text und_§pparat, Gettingen: Vandenhoeck und Ruprecht, 1913. Bouter, Alexander (ed.). Novum Testamentum Greece: Editio Altegg. Oxonii: E Typographeo Claren- doniano, 1956. Tischendorf, Constantinus (ed.). Novum Testamentum Graece: Editio Octgva Critics Maior. Vol. I, 1869; Vol. II, 1872. Leipzig: Giesecke and Devrient. Vol. III, Prolegomena, Caspar Rena- tus Gregory, Leipzig: J. C. Hinrichs, 1894. 295 296 liscellaneeue Aland, Kurt. Kurzgefasgte Liste der grieghischen Hanggchrifteg deg Neuen Testaments. Arb item 13; negtgstsgentlighen Textforsghung. Band . Berlin: Walter de Grater, 1963. Browne, Charles G., and Swallow, James E. (trans.) “Select Orations of Saint Gregory Nazismzen,‘ The Nicene gng Post-Nicene Fathers. Edited by Philip Sohaff and Henry Vacs. Second Series; cl. VII. Grand Rapids: Uh. B Eerdmans Publishing Co., 1952-1956. Gregory, Caspar Renatus. Textkgitik Qgg Nguen Testa- m n . 3 vols. Leipzig: J. C. Hinriche, 900—1909. Hatch, William Henry Paine. The Gggek ggnuecriptg g; the New Testament_at Mggpt Biggi: Fac- imilies andTDescriptions. 2 vols. Paris: brarie Orientaliste Paul Geuthner, 1932- 1934. International Project to Establish a Critical Appara- tus of the Greek New Testament. 'Rules for Collators.‘ University of Chicago: 1950. Kraft, Benedict. Die Zeichen fur die wichtigeren Handschriften des grigghischen Neugn Testa- ments. Dritte, vermehrte Auflage. Freiburg: order, 1955. Netzger, Bruce M. The Text of the New Testament: Its Transmission, Corruption, and Restoration. New York: Oxford University Press, 1964. Translation Department: The American Bible Society. Unpublished variants and witnesses. New Biblio ra hical E The task of transcribing an ancient biblical manuscript involves, first of all, ready access to what- ever portions of the manuscript may be extant. Since, for the present work, a Journey to Rome was impossible the Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana provided the nec- essary access to Manuscript 2061 by sending photographs of the folios carrying text of Gregory 048. From these the extant text, herewith published, was cOpied. The "Rules for Collators," a standardization of collating methods, are provided in mimeOgraphed form by the ”International Project to Establish a Critical Ap- paratus of the Greek New Testament.“ The required text against which oollations must be made--the Oxford, 1873 edition of the $0333; Regeptug (H KAINH AIAeHKH )—-nas been reproduced by photographic offset at the University of Chicago Press and is available from Emory University in Atlanta. Of critical texts for determining support or non-support for variant readings the most exhaustive are Tischendorf's, Novum Testamentum Greece: Editio 297 298 Octal; Critics Maigr, and von Soden's, Qig_§§hziiig2 N T am i ihr " t ten hb ,gggtgggtglt, but the following lesser publications are sometimes helpful: Bover, Novi Testamenti Biblig .ngggg_g§_égglg§, Merk, Novum T entum: Gr ce e Latins, Nestle-Aland, Novum Tgstgmsntum Gragge, and Souter, Ngvum Testamentum Ggagge: Editio Altggg. Un- published readings or notations are occasionally avail- able from the Translations Department of the American Bible Society. Since the Gregory system of manuscript numera- tion is now generally accepted (and required) it is necessary to convert much of Tisohendorf's information and all of von Soden's to this system. For this pro- cess the following publications are useful: Aland, Kurzgefasste Ligte der,griechischen Handsghriften 99S Neuen Testaments. Arbeiten zur neutestamentlichen Textforgghung, Band I, and, Kraft, Die Zgichgn fur dig wichtigeren Hagdschrigten gps griechischen Negeg Testamentg. For comparative descriptions of biblical manu- scripts, a frequent aid to the transcriber, the present writer has occasionally used Gregory's Ts;§kzi§i§_ggs Neuen Tegtaments as well as the more popular work of 299 Metzger, The Text of thg New Testgment: Its Transmis- sion, Cozggption, and Restorgtion. As visual aids in such.comparative study one may observe the “Facsimiles and Descriptions“ provided by Hatch in his loose-leaf compilation, The Greek Mangsgripts of the Ngg Testament at Mount Sinai. Finally, the palimpsest character of the manu- script here considered required some attention to the upper writing which covers its New Testament text. Since this ngggghggiggng consists of sermons of St. Gregory Nazianzen the present editor turned for assis- tance to translations of St. Gregory's works found in Volume VII of the Second Series of The Nicene ggd Post- Nigene Father . Materials were drawn from this source for the brief biOgraphical sketch of St. Gregory which appears in the "Introduction" (pp. 4-6) to this pub- lished text of the New Testament manuscript which lies beneath (though quite unrelated to) his sermons.