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This is to certify that the
thesis entitled
THE CQIPUTER PROGRAM DEVElDPMENT
FOR THE SWIPES DDDEL.

presented by

Natgritta Taveesook

has been accepted towards fulfillment
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usu IsAnNflrmuIlvo ActIon/Equul Opportunity InstIIutIon
WM‘

THE COMPUTER PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT
FOR THE SWIPES MODEL

By

Natgritta Taveesook

A THESIS
Submitted to
Michigan State University
in partial fulfillment of the requirements
for the degree of

MASTER OF SCIENCE

School of Packaging

1997

ABSTRACT

THE COMPUTER PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT
FOR THE SWIPES MODEL

By

Natgritta Taveesook

Nowadays, packages have necessary roles in all products we concern Although
packaging can show great fimctions, it releases many environmental problems in its
waste stream. Solid Waste integrated Packaging Evaluation System was developed by
Brian Saputo as his Master’s thesis to determine the volume of packaging waste. The
goal of this thesis is to develop software for SWIPES Model that can be used in the
packaging business. Because this model will be used by packaging engineers and any
other concerning people, it should run easily and conveniently. The Visual Basic
language is considered. The software includes a data file, which will be able to update at
any time, a welcome screen, and programs to evaluate the value for different materials.
In this software, users not only can choose the data provided in the updated file, but also
they can input their own data The calculated results can be printed out or stored to recall

later.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

I wrote this, but a lot ofpeople’s influences are in it. And there are others who
may not have contributed to the thesis, but have contributed to me.

First of all, there are my three committees: Chairperson Dr. Susan Selke, and Dr.
Diana Twede of the School of packaging, and Dr. Matt Mutka of the College of
Engineering without whom this would not be possible.

MyparentsandmyfamilyhavesupportedmetostudyinMichiganState
University. Their importance in both emotional way and financial way help me reach my
achievement.

Then I would like to thank you all my friends: Mr. Natawut Nupairoj who helped
me about computer problems, Mr. Chatpetch Saipetch who corrected my English,
Chatchaiwhon-iedtounderstandmcandallotherswhohelpedmethroughmy
obstructions.

i.i

Table of Contents

Page

Chapter 1: Introduction 1
Chapter 2: Computer Programming and

Visual Basic Language 17
Chapter 3: Computer Program for

SWIPES Formula 28
Chapter 4: Conclusions 42
List of References 44
Additional Sources for Computer

Programming 45
Appendix A: Computer Source Code for

SWIPES 46

Appendix B: Material Data in Standard
DataFile 137

iv

List of Figures

Page

Figure 1.1: US population and municipal
solid waste generation, 1960-1993 4

Figme 1.2: Products generated in MSW by weight,
1993 (Total Weight 206. 9 million tons) 5

Figure 1.3: Material generated in MSW by weight,
1993 (Total Weight 206.9 million tons) 6

Tim 1.4: Landfill volume of products in MSW,

1993 (in percent of total) 7

Figme 1.5: Landfill volume of materials in MSW,
' 1993 (in percent of total) 8

Figure 2.1: Machine language 18
Figure 2.2: Assembly language 19
Figure 2.3: Sample of a Visual Basic program 20
Figure 2.4: Main windows of Visual Basic

design screen 22
Figme 2.5: The menu window in Visual Basic

design screen 22
Figure 2.6: Form window 23
Figure 2.7: Toolbox window 24
Figure 2.3} Project window 25

Figure 2.9: Properties window 26

List of Figures (Continued)

Figure 2.10: Code window
Figure 3.1: Main menu screen
Figure 3.2: About SWIPES program screen

Figure 3.3: Product and packaging information
screen

Figure 3.4: Component information screen
Figure 3.5: Material menu screen
Figm'e 3.6: Material information screen

Figure 3.7: Packaging production information
screen

Figure 3.8: Arbitrary value information
screen

Figure 3.9: Material SWIPES value screen
Figure 3.10: Total SWIPES value screen

Figure 3.11: SWIPES value file selection
screen

Figm'e 3.12: Data file selection screen

Figure 3.13: Data information screen

vi

Page
27
29

29

31
32
33

34

35

36
37

38

39
41

41

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

1.! Packaging

Packaging is always differently defined by many people depending on how they
deal with it. From those definitions, one of the best is given in the “Glossary of
Packaging Terms” (Manypenny et al, 1996) as following;

“Packaging is the enclosme of products, items or packages in a wrap,
pouch, bag, box, cup. tray, can. tube. bottle, or other container form to perform
one or more of the following major functions.

._1 . Containment for handling, transportation and use.

"2. Preservation and protection of the contents for required shelf and
use life and sometimes protection of the external environment from any hazards of
contact with the contents.

3. Identification of contents, quantity, quality, and manufacturer-
usually by means of printing, decoration, labelling, package shape or transparency.
Usually the design and decoration must facilitate selection and motivate sales, and
increasingly they must meet government requirements including ingredients
listing, nutrative value and the like.

’ 4. Facilitate dispensing and use, including case or opening,
reclosure (if required), portioning application, rmit-of-use, multipacks, safety,
seconduseorre-useandworkingfeatmessuchasareformdinaemsolsprays,
cook-in-bag, “memory packs” and especially provision for instructions or

If the device or container performs one or more of these fimctions it is
considered a package. Packaging is also the development and production of
packages (filling, closing, labelling) by trained professionals or operators
employing methods and equipment designed for specific product lines and types
of “packages. Some 30 difl’erent categories of packaging machines are employed,
for example, fillers, counters, cappers, labelers, wrapping equipment, cartoners,
case loaders, and sealers, as well as a wide range of support equipment for

package making, inspection, monitoring, handling, and the like. Increasingly,
packaging machinery is designed and integrated to provide a complete system.

Packaging is often referred to as consumer type, industrial type, military
type, shipping type, and the like, designations that are more or less self-
explanatory. Consumer packages are intended for retail merchandising and
emphasize sales features. Industrial packages are intended for use in
manufacturing, services and repair outlets. Sometimes characteristics and
functions are overlapping and terminology is used loosely.”

Packaging (Abbott, 1989) has been a part of the human race since the beginning
of its existence. Although quite simple in technology at first, the development of the
process itself is as extraordinary as that of any other technology. The primitive packages
were simple in design and were created for transporting easily gathered and handled
foods. The evolution of primitive people into highly cultured and industrialized societies
created a demand for more advanced and specialized packaging that is the norm today.
The requirements placed on modern packaging containers not only include that the
contents be held together physically, but also may involve the preservation of other
chemically sensitive qualities which can be infinitely more inconstant than physical
appearance. And as our population grows, the need for new and more efficient forms of
packaging will increase accordingly.

Today, Heated papers, metals and synthetic materials make up the core of the
available packaging systems. Instead of containers created from mollusk shells and
bamboo, modern packaging science now employs a variety of materials from timber and
steel to plastics and revolutionary composite materials. The pace of change within the
world of packaging (Abbott, 1989) really intensified after 5 revolutionary advances
(metal cans, collapsible tubes, folding cartons, corrugated shipping cases, and crown

closmes) were introduced (during the Industrial Revolution). However, the introduction

of these modern materials does have its disadvantages. The increasing rate of municipal

solid waste is one of the most important problems facing us today.

1.2 Solid Waste Problems From Packaging

Municipal solid waste (MSW), as defined by the United States Environmental
Protection Agency (EPA), includes wastes such as drn'able goods, nondurable goods,
containers and packaging, yard trimmings, and food waste. To eliminate the MSW,
many processes including reuse, recycling, combustion, and incineration are used together
in one combination or another. However, all of these processes are still not capable of
absolutely eliminating MSW. The remaining waste is sent to the process known as
landfill, a method of solid waste disposal in which refuse is buried between layers of dirt.
EPA (1994) records show that fi'om 1960 to 1993, while the population of the United
States. was annually increasing at the rate of 1.1 %, the annual growth of MSW was 2.7
percent (fi'om 88 million tons per capita to 207 million tons per year), illustrated in Figure
1.1. This trend cannot be allowed to continue. Our current level of technology does not
permit us the luxury of producing that great amount of waste and still expect the same
proportion of generation for all eternity. A way of dealing with the problem of MSW is
crucial to the livelihood of futme generations. Thus, is the birth of the field of Solid

Waste Management.

.. .. -——-.-_——.—_—
.— . _— ——— _—-—————

 

Fignre 1.1 US. population and municipal solid waste generation, g
1960 to 1993

 

 

 

 

- 0.e L4 r Lii‘e41r.%%% L'--¢~l%+'

9 N eeonveeeouvsoee§m
I‘l‘hl‘hflflflfl”

E §§§§§°~ea°~°~22222_§

Year

 

 

+Population, ave. annual growth = 1.1% + MSW generated, ave. annual growth = 2.7%? l

__J

 

 

gnu—4...“ __._. -n...

Sauce: EPA Characterization of Municipal Solid Waste in the united States: 1994 Update,

MSW is divided into 3 main categories: durable goods, non-durable goods, and
containers and packaging. In 1993 (EPA, 1994), containers and packaging equalled 70.6
million tons or 34.1% of the wastes generated (Figure 1.2). Paper and paperboard, some
of which are included in the containers and packaging category (EPA, 1994), accounted
for 38% (by weight), Figure 1.3. Other packaging materials contributing to the total
MSW included glass, metals, plastics, and wood, and ranged from 6 to 9 percent (by

weight.)

 

 

Figure 1.2 Products generated in MSW by weight, 1993 (Total
weight = 206.9 million tons)

   

Nondurable goods, Containers &
54.8 million tons paCkaglng, 70.6
26.5% mrlslzorliéons
. O
Durable goods, 31.9 , .
”mi” ‘0“5 Food and other,16.9 Yard trimmings.
154% minim. tons 32.8 million tons

8.2% 15.8%

 

Source: EPA Characterization of Mimic-W Solid Waste in the united States: 1994 Update

 

 

Figure 1.3 Materials generated in MSW by weight, 1993 (Total
weight = 206.9 million tons)

Yard Wgs, 32.8 Paper &
m 153°” paperboard. 77.8
' ° million tons

  
  

Other, 18.7 trillion 37.6%
tons
9.0%
Food, 13.8 trillion ’_
tons
6.7% _, __
. ,' ’, Class, 13.7 trillion
w°°d"'°3l;: "flh‘likstics, l9.3 trillion Mmk: 17-1 "'1'“ tons
6 60/. tons tons 6.6%
' 93%, 8.3%:

 

 

 

Source: EPA Characterization of Municipal Solid Waste in the united States: 1994 Update

Thewasteproduced fromthesepackagingmaterialsisprocessedthroughasystem
of waste management programs; however, even with all of today’s technology, packaging
remairied the largest contributor after recycling and composting, Figure 1.4 (EPA, 1994).
Again, in Figure 1.5, paper & paperboard and plastics were the top of the list at 30.2%

and 23.9% respectively (EPA, 1994).

 

 

Figure 1.4 Landfill volume of products in MSW, 1993
(in percent of total)

Other
12% Durables

 

Containers & .
packaging
32%
Nondurables
29%

 

Source: EPA Characterization of Municipal Solid Waste in the united States: 1994 Update

 

 

Figure 1.5 Landfill volume of materials in MSW, 1993
(in percent of total)

I'Eifi'oimniiiff—
I I Ferrous metals

! El Rubber & leather

! E1 Wood

I Textiles

i D Food wastes

; I Aluminum

i El Glass

i I Other

l Paper & paperboard

 

 

 

 

 

Source: EPA Characterization of Municipal Solid Waste in the united States: 1994 Update

EPA (1994) states that integrated solid waste management emphasizes source
reduction of wastes before they enter the waste stream, recovery of generated wastes for
recycling and composting, and environmentally sound disposal through combustion
facilities and landfills that meet specified standards. The four stages are defined as follow
(Saputo, 1991.)

- “Source Reduction: The optimum way to reduce waste is by not
producing it in the first place. Source reduction includes: reducing the amount of
packaging materials used, developing products with longer useful lives, utilizing

reusable and multi-use packages, and selecting the appropriate materials for the
application.

Rmcling: Recycling involves the separation and marketing of a waste
material (e.g. paper, glass, aluminum) from the waste stream so that it can be
rcmanufactured into a usable product.

Combustion: Incinerators can burn wastes strictly to reduce the volume of
waste that must be landfilled. Waste-to-energy incinerators also reduce the
volmne of waste, but these facilities are designed to recover energy in the form of
steam or electricity.

Landfillmg’ : This option involves burying waste in “sanitary” landfills. It
should only be necessary (in an optimum system) for items that cannot be
managed by the other three approaches.”

1.3 SWIPES Model

SWIPES stands for Solid Waste Integrated Packaging Evaluation System. This
model was derived and written by Brian Saputo as his thesis project for the Master of
Science degree, submitted to the School of Packaging, Michigan State University. Saputo
said in his thesis that “The goal of the SWIPES model is to quantify the volume ofwaste
that the package can contribute to a landfill.” In this model, volume, compaction density,
number of uses, recyclability, combustion, composting, manufacturing scrap, and
protective effectiveness were considered and used in quantitative terms (because landfill
is affected more by volume than by weight.) This model works based on the following

flowchart:

SWIPES Flowchart

10

 

 

One Package

 

 

 

 

 

Paper

 

Corr.

 

Alluminum

 

Steel

 

ou~<-l Douro-‘0

 

Plastic

 

 

 

Compacted Density

P &ei ht

 

 

 

 

PKG Volume

 

 

 

 

Manufacturing Scrap

 

 

 

 

Number of Uses

 

 

Reqyclabilily
ecycled Conte

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Com Landfill
Volgme
Package

 

 

 

 

Damage
Compensation

 

 

 

[—Compacted LandfiT

antn‘butign
930L329—

 

 

 

 

11

' Variables affecting the SWIPES formula can be interpreted in many different

ways. For the consistent understanding of each variable’s effect on the model, all will be

briefly discussed.
SWIPES Egm'on

l-Xr l-Xr 1 Yo l-e l Zi l-a 1+b +P+S

l + W(n-l)

Note: W2le and W2Y_>_Z are suggested.
where:

a = fraction of ash afier combustion

b = average percent product damage in distribution

c = composting rate

d,“ = compaction density of package

clpr = compaction density of product

e = residue afier compost screen

f = fraction of scrap disposed of

i = incineration rate

mm = mass or weight of package

mp, = mass or weight of product

m, = mass or weight ofscrap per package

n = number of uses

P = product correction factor

12

= b(SWIPES value for product) or
= b(mp,/ dm)[1 - (iZ)(% combustible of product)]
rc = recycled content
rr = recycling rate
S = Correction factor for manufacturing scrap
= flms/ dpth XIX rt)
s = SWIPES
W = arbitrary value for reuse (03W51)
X; & X2 = arbitrary value for recycling (05 X51) and (0_<_ X251)
Y = arbitrary value for composting (OsYsl)

Z = arbitrary value for combustion (05231)

PaclLamg' Volme (mph/4n); The SWIPES model was designed to be
based on volume because landfills are alw ..ys filled up by volume, not weight. However,

it is much easier to measure waste by weight as it is done in most experiments and
research; therefore it became necessary to develop a method of conversion in which
volume can be calculated consistently without bmdensomc calculations. Volume of
packaging wastes is different for each form of package (1 pound of flat sheet paper and 1
pound of paper carton, for example) and also differs according to the landfill
environmental conditions. For consistency, MSW volume is calculated by dividing
weight by compaction density.

Common Density (dm); In each landfill, waste will be compacted by
heavy equipment. In general, only data on mixed wastes is available, but a study by the

13

EPA-Franklin Associates, 1990 update, found that it is possible to get some information
of the ideal separated waste stream from the type of waste involved.

figs; [1 + W(n-l)]; The compacted volume is divided by this factor to
credit the package if it has multiple use cycles. W is an arbitrary factor which represents
discounting of a portion of the reuse credited to account for the environmental impact of
reuse. Some types of packaging that have been found successful as reusable packages are
glass bottles, industrial returnable packaging, and distribution packaging. It is possible
for a packaging engineer to design a package that can be used more than once. However,
the problem of reusable packages is returning the packages to a goods manufacturer who
can reuse them. Cleaning and reconditioning may also be required. Although the
industrial rettnnable packaging and distribution packaging systems are growing rapidly, a
more efiicient return system must be developed to increase the effectiveness of this
method as a part of the source reduction of packaging solid waste. It is also vital that
1 similar processes be developed for other packaging material.

Rgc_v_cled Content (l-erc); The compacted volume is multiplied by this
factor to credit the packaging component if it has a portion of recycled material. X2, like
W, is an arbitrary value which represents discounting of a portion of recycled content
comtained in the material. To reduce packaging materials going to the waste stream,
every attempt should be made to incorporate recycled materials into the production of
new packaging. The emphasis should be to maintain the highest possible level of
secondary materials (derived from post-consumption residuals) within the production.
Most packages, except glass and metal, cannot be produced at 100% recycled content

because those materials always have different physical and chemical properties from a

l4

virgin one. Moreover, the problems of using recycled materials are their costly
processing and the migration of contaminants from recycled contents, which might cause
an undesirable change in products, especially in foods and drugs.

W (l-er,); The compacted volume is multiplied by this
factor to credit the packaging component if it can be recycled after use. X. is an
arbitrary value which represents discounting of a component with recycling capability.
By theory almost all packaging materials can be recycled, but practically, only some
materials are put through a recycling process efficiently while others might be never
recycled at all. The recycling rate of each material is controlled by its feasibility of cost
and technology in processes, and its use after recycling. Some packaging materials,
especially composite materials, though they can be technically recycled, need to be
broken .ip first, which is impractical, and some even if it is practical to recycle, are not
stable enough to be processed in the next steps. Therefore, even through the recycling rate
of many materials is measurable, at present, those recycled materials are not thoroughly
beneficial until manufacturers have enough capability to use them.

Cgmbustign [lo(Zi)(l-a)]; The compacted volume is multiplied by this
factortocredit the packaging component ifitcanbe incineratedafteruse. Zisan
arbitrary value which represents discounting of waste reduction by combustion. This
has the goal of reduction of waste volume by burning the organic flammable part of the
waste. There are two burning systems used at present: incineration which is the old style,
tends to be dirty, and Operates with little or no pollution control; and waste-to—energy

facilities which are not only designed for volume reduction but also focus on energy

recovery from burning waste.

15

99mm [l-(Yc)(1 -e)]; The compacted volume is multiplied by this
factor. to credit the packaging component if it can be composed after use. Y is an
arbitrary value which represents discounting of a component with composting capability
(with some organic substances). In this step, a large portion of organic waste can be
separated from the waste stream and be decomposed. Packaging materials that are
involved in composting most are papers. Anyway, as mentioned before, paper and
paperboard are the biggest groups in the waste stream; thus the reduction of paper volume
discarded will have a great efi‘ect on MSW amount.-

Mflfflggjgap [S, 1+f(m,/mm_)]; This factor is included in the
formula to account for scrap produced during the packaging production. In any
production line, the efficiency of every machine and efiiciency of using material supplies
can never reach 100 percent. Then some of the remaining supplies might be recycled and -
the others might be dumped as scrap. The scrap which is disposed of fi'om those
processes is defined as manufactming scrap.

Dme Common (1 + b); Like the manufacturing scrap factor, this
factor is a multiplier of the compacted density to account for the value of the packages
which are excessively produced because of damages during the distribution. In many
cases, packaging is designed to use more materials than is necessary for containment
alone, to make me that the package is strong enough to protect goods until customers get
and use them. Besides the quality of the products, the protection properties of packages
are very important to the amount of the waste stream. If the product fails because of
inadequate protection by packaging, both product and package must go to the waste

stream. That means the MSW is unnecessarily increased. However, the amount of

16

materials used in a packaging system tends to be minimized because of the development
of new technology and new synthetic materials which give lighter and stronger packages
without compromising protection.

Product Com'on Factgr [P, b(mm/dmfll -(iZ)(°/ocombustible of product)];
This value can be defined as the SWIPES value of the product included in packaging
systems. Therefore, this factor is added once into the whole packaging system. However,
some of the product variables, such as reuse and recycling rate, are not available or very
small: thus the factor cannot be calculated by the same formula as the packaging
materials. Therefore, it is simplified by involving its compaction density and combustion

alone.

1.4 The Need for the Computer Program

As shown above, the SWIPES equation is composed of many comprehensive
parts. There are almost 20 factors we need in the one equation. Even for only one
packaging component, it really takes time to calculate this value. Unfortunately, most
packaging systems in the world would never be a single component. Therefore, a
computer program will minimize the time we lose in packaging design. However, as
Saputo said, the studies about solid waste management are still not completed. More
study might help us get better solutions and more comprehensive equations. This
computer program should be useful during the period of study. Then after we have a
developed model, because this program is written by a user-friendly computer language,

it can be easily revised.

CHAPTER II

COMPUTER PROGRAMMING AND VISUAL BASIC LANGUAGE

2.1 Introduction to Visual Basic

Visual Basic (abbreviated “VB”, (Millard, 1997)) is a programming language
initially developed by the Microsoft Company. This language has an ability to provide
programmers with a quick and easy method of developing Windows applications. Visual
Basic provides the programmers with an integrated environment where they can use tools
to create a point and shoot interface and use event-driven programming techniques. A
programmer can quickly and easily create a user interface, then write the code to respond
to specific events which «cm as a result of user input. Currently, there are two difi‘erent
“flavors” of Visual Basic; the original which was developed for Windows, and Visual
Basic for DOS. Visual Basic for Windows gives the programmers the capability of
creating applications which run in Windows, while Visual Basic for DOS gives the ability
to develop an application which does not need Windows to runs.

Visual Basic (VB) is one of the new computer languages developed in the world.
Just as human beings commtmicate with each other through the use of languages like

English, French, Spanish, or Thai, programmers communicate with computers through

17

18

special programming languages which are comparably varietal. Each programming
language differs from others and has its own structure and grammar. For example, VB is
more visually oriented than the others, and might be thought of as a sort of sign language
(Zak, 1995). However, most computer programming languages basically have the same
development history.

The development of programming technology resulted in many levels of computer
languages =

A Machine Language (Zak, 1995) is the very first computer programming
methodinthewofldandusesonandofi‘electrical systemstocreateaseriesofmachine

instructions.

 

 

Figure 2.1 Machine language

oloo
. oorror looooooonor 110001

00101 loom loooo

orrro

lllool

lllool 001 llOOOOOl

llooo

oorlloo

10001000110

 

Source: Zak, Diane Programming with Microsoft Visual Basic 2.0/3. 0for Windows, 1995

 

 

19

An Assembly Language (Zak, 1995) uses mnemonics (alphabetic abbreviations)
instead of the on-and-ofi‘ system. It needs a program called the assembler to convert the

assembly instructions into machine code.

 

'Figure 2.2 Assembly language
min procpay
nova. dies
mov ax, 0b00h
add ax. dx
mov al,bl
mul but:

mov bl,04h

 

Source: Zak, Diane Programming with Microsoft Visual Basic 2. 0/3. 0 for WW, 1995

A High-Level Language’s instructions (Zak, 1995) are closer to the English
language. They require either an interpreter (translating the high-level code into machine
code line byline while running the program) or a compiler (translating the entire code
into machine code before running the program.) Most high-level languages are
procedm'e-oriented (the sequence of instructions is followed step by step.)

An Object-OrientedlEvent-Driven High-Level Language (Perry, 1995)
simplifies the task of programming application for Windows by providing a graphical
user interface (GUI). This system is very user-friendly because it allows for interaction
betWeen the user and whatever they see, but it requires more difficult and complicated

programming tools. The emphasis of a program is on the objects in an interface (such as

 

 

20

a command button and a scroll bar) and the events occurring on those objects (such as
clicking and scrolling).

Visual Basic (VB) can be classified as an Object-Oriented/Event-Driven
Language (Perry, 1995). One of the most important components of VB is its procedural
Basic-like (Beginner’s All-Purpose Symbolic Instruction Code) programming language
underneath the visual environment. Each part of the program is broken up and focus is
placed on each object independent from others. In addition, all executable codes in a VB
program exist in either a subprogram or ftmction that is activated by events or by calling

from other routines. Figure 2.3 is a sample of a Visual Basic program.

 

Figure 2.3 Sample of a Visual Basic program

Insert Procedure
a I‘ I ’ '31

“as—W - Me‘s-.7— , ,~ .. ,.

 

Private Function OpenFilelFileName As String) As Boolean
Din FNum As Integer
On Error GoTo OpenFileError
FNum = FreeFile
Open FileName For Input As FNum
txtFile.Text = Input(LOF(FNum). #FNum)
Close FNum
m_fFileDirty = False
m_strFileName = FileName
OpenFile = True
Exit Function
OpenFileError: ,
MsgBox Err.Description. vixclamation
OpenFile = False
Close
End Function

 

 

21

2.2 Strengths and Weaknesses of Visual Basic

Visual Basic’s great strength lies in its ability to enable a programmer to quickly
and effortlessly develop application interfaces. The interface being developed is exactly
what users will see. Visual Basic’s Rapid Application Development (RAD) environment
(Norton, 1996) is useful for rapidly refining interface design and development
approaches. Additionally, in today’s world, applications must be written in such a way
that they can-be easily changed in order to keep them from being obsolete. For example,
a tax-processing application needs to be changed very often to accommodate the
provisions of the Internal Revenue code. Visual Basic is a perfect tool for developing this
kind of application.

However, there are disadvantages inherent to Visual Basic. The most obvious
one is that Visual Basic is an interpreted programming language, which means the code is
interpreted on-the-fly. Although all Visual Basic programs are first compiled to pseudo-
code,calledp-code,thisp-codemustbeinterpreteddmingtherun-timebyanexternal
library called VBRUNxOODLL (VBRUN300.DLL in this thesis.) Thus, a VB application
cannot be run outside Windows and its speed is much slower than applications developed
from other programming languages. However, as Windows becomes standard on most
IBM/PC compatible systems and computers’ speeds have often been drastically increased,

these drawbacks become insignificant.

22

2.3 Visual Basic Environment and Programming

In VB, programmers work with several open windows most of the time (Perry,
1995). Information from different opened windows always needs to be used together.
Figure 2.4 illustrates the major part of the Visual Basic screen and each of the 5 primary

windows is described as follows:

 

Figure 2.4 Main windows of Visual Basic design screen

 

 

 

 

Source: Visual Basic 3.0, Microsoft Corp., I995

 

23

 

Figure 2.5 The Menu Window in Visual Basic design screen

 

MICROSOEI yrsrUAL BASICW-_7P_R_O_J‘EVCVTlirDuFb‘lGNr

Eu ‘Ifl’ m pass-r 3a- loom one. ”so

 

 

Source: Visual Basic 3.0, Microsoft Corp., I995

The Form Window (Perry, 1995) contains the background for the
applications being developed. Programmers can draw and place items on the form which

will be the user interface.

 

 

Figure 2.6 Form Window

 

 

 

Source: Visual Basic 3.0, Microsofl Corp” 1995

 

 

24
The Toolbox Window (Perry, 1995) contains the set of tools (or controls)
used to design a Visual Basic application. These tools allow programmers to place an

object on the form.

 

 

Figure 2.7 Toolbox Window

 

 

 

Source: Visual Basic 3.0, Microsoft Corp., 1995

 

25

The Project Window (Perry, 1995) contains the list of all files used in the
current application. It is easy for a small program to include all instructions together into
only one file. In contrast, in a long and more complex program, having all instructions in
only one file might cause complications and confirsion. It is much easier to break a long
program into many modules contained in different files. This programming style allows

the programmer to easily check and correct his/her program.

 

Figure 2.8 Project Window

lama-n—
. KNEW Forml View Code]

.3‘"‘ T““:‘:.""‘.“'""."—r‘..~ .-1'a'*1{ “. 12".“..L..'.' .'.’.'_'.:,'.'...'. ‘7' ' ' ‘~
5 ~ . _ . _ ~ .
.' . _ . a . , g , ,
g . .‘ -‘ ‘ . ~ . .r - '
l- .- - - . .‘ - ‘ .flah ~ . . . . . . u .
7‘0”“ ....-..4-...-u-o~--L......~."r »‘—‘-‘—.-J- ‘3“»-‘.". .,~L>.:; --~- - -‘» -.. A~.nl -.

 

 

 

Source: Visual Basic 3.0, Microsoft Corp., 1995

 

 

26
The Properties Window (Perry, 1995) lists a set of characteristics
associated with each object in an application, such as size and color. A programmer can
control an object’s appearances and activities (for example, the caption on a button) by

setting that property in the properties window.

 

 
 
 

Figure 2.9 Properties Window
new L.“ m1:
mm7 FM" Fm"

 
    

1 - 30
False
&H80(IBO0F&

     
 
  
  
   
  
  
   

  
  
  
 
   
  
   
  

    

  
  
  
  
   

m - - 2-Sizd3le AMVO'W
. .. . ' Forml . .
W 7.... Arm/Fabem
True _,
13- Pen MW H ‘(olist
O-Soid dpqaiblevdm'l
1
TM _ ,.
trimmer. ‘ Aw‘d‘”
1.r -
. Adenine-operate
Aimivolua; a

 

Source: Visual Basic 3.0, Microsoft Corp., 1995

 

27

The Code Window (Perry, 1995) allows programmers to describe
behaviors of each object in the form when a particular event occurs. For example, a

programmer has to describe how an application should respond when a user clicks a

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

mouse on an OK button.
Figure 2.10 Code Window

 

 

 

Source: Visual Basic 3.0, Microsoft Corp., 1995

 

CHAPTERIII

COMPUTER PROGRAM FOR SWIPES FORMULA

The SWIPES computer program was designed to calculate the SWIPES value of
packaging materials. This program is divided into 3 major sections according to their
purposes: the calculation part, the SWIPES value recording part and the data recording

part. Their working systems are going to be explained together with each screen.
3.1 Calculation

First, when the program is executed, its welcome screen is shown and
automatically passed to the main menu screen. On the main menu screen, Figure 3.1,
users have 5 different paths to choose. One option is to bypass the program by clicking
the button marked “EXIT”, which will shut down the program. The button marked
“ABOUT SWIPES” will lead to a screen showing background and historical information
of the program, Figure 3.2. The next two buttons, “SWIPES FILE” and “DATA FILE”

buttons, will be discussed later in the SWIPES value recording part and data recording

part.

28

29

 

 

Figure 3.1 Main menu screen

If you want to estimate the SWIPES

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

value of a product click here. SWIPES VALUE

. Click here to get all information and
SWIPES value from a SMPES value file. SWIPES FILE
If you wantto create or change
data in a data file click here. DATA FILE

Click here for more information

about SWIPES program. . ABOUT ”PBS
If you want to exit this program

click here. EXIT

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Figure 3.2 About SWIPES program screen

ABOUT SWIPES

This computer program was written by Natgritta
Taveesook and is based on the Solid Waste
Integrated Packaging Evaluation System (SWIPES)
model developed by Brian Peter Saputo as his thesis
project for Master of Science degree. submitted to

the School of Packaging. Michigan State University.

 

 

RETURN TO WHATTO DO MENU

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

30

To calculate the SWIPES value for a set of packaging, information can be input
via keyboard by clicking the “SWIPES VALUE” button or by accessing a stored data file.
In the next screen, users have to enter information about the product that this packaging
system will be used for. Users may use a mouse or the “Tab” button on the keyboard to
position the information they want to enter. When finished, clicking the “NEXT” button
willbringupthenextscreen. Inthecaseofmissingunits,whicharenecessaryfor
calculations, the program will show a warning message and allow the users to complete
the information. After the information is completed, the NEXT button will take a user to
the packaging component information screen. The “CANCEL” button gives a user
choices to return to the main menu, to clear all information in this screen and re-enter, or

to keep all information and stay on the screen.

 

31

 

Figure 3.3 Product and packaging information screen

PRODUCT AND PACKAGE INFORMATION

 

Please enter your product and package information

 

 

Type of product that the package is used for I

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Manufacturer I
Uri ‘ '
Mass of product In— J r Lb. r‘ g.
, unit ~ -
Compacted densrty of product In P thh‘3r‘ 9"“.3
Combustible Fraction of Product _ [0

 

 

“NOTE: Product information will be calculated only once in
SWIPES formula with first material.’

 

 

CANCEL ; NEXT .1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

In the component information screen, users are given the options to access
materialinformationfromadatafile;thiswillbediscussedinmoredetailinthedata
recording section. Users should select the type of package fi'om the automatically loaded
choicesorinputanewonetohelpwithmaterialidentification(suchasincasethereis
more than one package with identical names but differing physical properties). Clicking
the“NEX'I”’buttonwillshowusersthemater-ialmenuorgivewarningmessagesifthey

did not input any necessary information. The “CANCEL” button, as in the product

 

32

informationscreen,willgiveauserchoicestoretmntothemainmenutoclearall

information in this screen and re-enter, or to keep all information and stay on the screen.

 

Figure 3.4 Component information screen

COMPONENT INFORMATlON

 

m bros-anon

Please enter the component information

 

Nyeuwulbgsttlmitiosmatiuniramaddafle.
cickhmeudantmaflsnametareachmatarifl .DATAFILE-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Type of package 8‘9 J ’

Type of material Ii J ,
Uri

Mass of package I 1 r: Lb. r ,_

Number of Uses

 

 

 

 

Number of Product Units per Package

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

limmbdummmcickdnhflbsuunanmmattha
nambuandrelidrsrtsftcamsrnfttu’sm

 

 

 

 

The purpose of the program is to calculate the SWIPES value of the complete
packagingsystemofaproduct. Inthecasethatthereismorethanonematerial
component of the packaging system, necessary information on each component must be
entered. Thepmgramwiflstoreallmatefialdatawithintheconespondingtypetheusers
hadenteredinthepreviousscreen. For each component, theusersmust provide3 types

of information: material information, packaging production information, and arbitrary

 

33

valueinformation. Userscanaccessthenecessaryareasbyselectingthescreenfiomthe

material menu shown after the component information screen.

 

Figure 3.5 Material menu screen

—mmn_

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Material Menu
1.Material Information 1
2.Packaging Production Information 2
3Mitary Value Information 3
{Calculate the material SWIPES 4
S.Retum to packaging component 5
information
6.Next Component from the same SWIPES 6
value file.
7Md additional components into the 7
packaging system.
Utah-n to What to do menu and 9st “sitar-dim 8
from Initial SWIPES vfle fie.

 

 

 

 

 

 

34

 

 

Figure 3.6 Material information screen

MATERIAL INFORMATION

 

“I taro-name

Material Informdion

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Uri
Compacted density of package r J r “*5"? r 9'"?
Fraction Recycled F] J
Fraction Composted F] J
Fraction Incinerated [Ir J
Fraction of Ash after Combustion In J
Residue Fraction After Compost Screen [IT J
Ifthis information is not satisfactory. use mouse
or press tab button to highlight those values and 01(
change them. Then click OK button to go back to
Material Menu.

limmhm-yMcudmbflmnpm-mattbe
mbunndselu’dmrlaltcosnaroftbispane

 

 

 

 

35

 

 

Figure 3.7 Packaging production information screen

       

PACKAGING PRODUCTION INFORMATIOI‘
m lures-ram '

Packaging Production Information

Please enter the following information or all default
values are zero. 0

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Massofscrapperpackage F IrLb (‘9
Fraction of scrap disposed of F] I
Fraction of product damage in distribution [IT J
Fraction of recycled content in package In J
component

It all values are satisfactory. click the OK button OK

 

 

 

If’oueutochqrgsmMcickdlelaltbtatonnyotI-mneatdm
mumbmorrtbeludmrleltcomarofth'soaoo

 

 

 

 

36

 

Figure 3.8 Arbitrary value information screen

     

ARBITRAR‘1"‘JALUE INFORMATION‘

Arbitrary Value Information

Reuse Value. W
Recycling Rate Value. XI
Rean Content Value. x2
Composting Value. Y
Combustion Value. 2

If these values are not satisfactory.use mouse or tab button to
enter new value. then click OK button to return to material

OK

 

 

 

 

 

limmhm-QMcickdmbfimonn-matdm
manubuondlehidmrlsltcornaroftis’sm

 

 

 

 

After completing the above steps, users might choose to immediately get the
results of the calculation by clicking No. 4 “Calculate the material SWIPES Value”.
User's Will encormter the SWIPES value screen. Here, users will need to specify the
Maids and units before the program will perform the calculation. For a system
composed ofmany materials, the total SWIPES value ofthe system will be calculated by
°h°°8ine “Total SWIPES Value”, which is the last topic in the list of materials. The

“RETLJRNTOMAT'ERIALMENWbuuonMHtaketheusersbacktothematerial

menu.

37

 

Figure 3.9 Material SWIPES value screen

   

MATERIAL SWIPES VALUE

m urea-anon "UT

MATE H J: g. , safajj Showdrorosd'lr (“'m‘3 (‘6..3

 

 

Compacted Volume

 

 

Manufacturing Scrap

 

 

Reuse
Recycling RateIRecycIing Content
Composting

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Damage Compensation

 

Manufaduring Scrap Correction Factor

 

 

Product Correction Factor“

..____.L_____L___L___

 

 

MATERIAL SWIPES VALUE

r“"'r‘7'

 

 

 

RETURNTOMATERIALMENU

 

 

 

pruudbcbumemidmafionmmfickdmfltmonmmatdm
mbuondseh’drsrlsltcosnsrolllu’spano. ‘l’heor'mtcommandsslworkdter’ou
William.
'NOTE:0dleniofprarhsctiscont-'mdirdlavelofpackaw’rg.lbon.
Pathsctcosrecb'onlachuiscalcdatedorboncewitblhalistnackm

 

 

 

fig

 

 

 

38

 

Figure 3.10 Total SWIPES value screen

TOTAL SWIPES VALUE

m turnout-mu Pool-r

 

Total SWIPES Value [ 4.78

«~-

(‘ cm“3

 

 

 

OK

 

’ ornitcicklbemonuontopofllsoss’mdoss.

;
2
i
.I

Thaps'mtco-lsdssimorkdtor lonvellispso'n

---—-———-._ .

 

 

Users can also choose to go on to enter an additional component information by
clicking No. 6 “Next Component from the same SWIPES value file” if users apply
information and result from a SWIPES value file or No. 7 “ Add more components into
the packaging system” if users want to enter additional information using a keyboard).
Userscanaccessanyareaoftheprogramiftheyneedtore-enteranydatabyclickingthe

member in all information screens. Users can print the information and results of

calculation by clicking “Print” in the menu bar.

 

 

39

3.2 SWIPES Value Recording

Users can store SWIPES values from the calculation of a packaging system by
clicking “File” and entering the necessary information in the SWIPES value file selection
screen. This information will be stored in the SWIPES value file. Data from the
SWIPES value file can be recalled in the main menu screen by clicking the “SWIPES

FILE” button.

 

Figure 3.11 SWIPES value file selection screen

    

SWIPES VALUE FILE SELECTION

Fin Name:
I'm! I

 

 

OK

 

 

 

 

 

CANCEL

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3.3 Data Recording

To create or change information on a data file, choose the “DATA FILE” button
on the main menu. The data file selection screen, similar to the SWIPES value file
selection screen, will appear. After selecting the data file, users will then enter the
necessarydatawithinthedatascreen. Userscanchangeorviewstoreddatainthedata
filebyclickingthedesiredtypesofmaterial. Theprogram will then showall storeddata
on this specified material. Users can access the stored information in the data file from

inside the component screen by clicking the “DATA FILE” button.

41

 

 

Figure 3.12 Data file selection screen

DATA FILE BELECTION

Fie Name: Diectosies:
Fawn J ‘1‘ OK

 

 

 

 

 

 

‘3 'm‘ CANCEL-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

‘Liarsuorrm Drives:

 

 

 

 

 

 

Figure 3.13 Data information screen

 

DATA INFORMATION

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Peerr senses
m.mmm
I!" 0‘ W“ [Alli-inu- [Deer a. Set J
Arbiresy Vehse for
cm om f,“ I has. Vdue E:
(0‘ Ltht“3 f” ole-‘3 am Flats v“
Paulina Board-d [.634 | accruing Carlton! vac E5:
Fraction Contested [o I cm v“ E
Fraction Imus [o I cm van. [3
Fraction of Ash dies CM [1 I
Fraction am dies cm Screen [1 I
' CANCEL RECORD

 

 

 

 

CHAPTERIV

CONCLUSIONS

4.1 Advantages of the Program

In the SWIPES formula, many factors ( almost 20) are needed in the calculation
for each material. It will take a plenty of time to work by hands. The SWIPES computer
program is helpful in minimizing time loss which is important in industries and
businesses.

. The SWIPES computer program was developed based on the SWIPES model,
which was a first fi'ontier model. Therefore, much more can be done to add usefulness to
the model. This program is not only useful to reduce time in calculation during
packaging design, but also useful in the next period of formula development. Moreover,

to support the future changes in the model, the SWIPES computer program was designed

in the Visual Basic environment which is very flexible. The way this program was

designed allows users to change the formula, variables, information arrays, etc., in the
Program whenever they need.

Additionally, for the users’ conveniences, a material standard data file is supplied

With the program. All information in this data file (average number in the US, in 1994) is

analysed from the information in Characterization of Municipal Solid Waste in the United

42

43

States:l994 Update (EPA, 1994). However, if users want any different information, they
can either change or input a specific data by keyboard or create a new data file for their
uses.

4.2 Future Development

In order to deveIOp this program, programmers can change all necessary
commands by using a Microsoft Visual Basic Software version 3.0 or newer. The
computer codes are recorded in “SWIPEMAK file. They are in alphabetic sequences of
forms and objects. The original codes ofthe program are presented in Appendix A ofthis
paper. Because the SWIPES model might be developed more with the fixture study, this
program should be developed simultaneously, if possible.

As mentioned above, the SWIPES formula and computer program are only the
firststepinthisfield,hence,thereisnotastandardmeasme ofmanyfactorsusedinthe
program, especially the arbitrary values. For this reason, Saputo stated in his thesis that
“the SWIPES model had to have the flexibility to be explicit to each individual situation”.
Thus, at present, users are allowed to ponder and weight the important levels of reuse,
recycle, compose, and combustion, and then picked a number between 0 to l for these
valuesbythemselves. Asaresultoffirtmestudy,theremightbeabettermethodto

derive these factors and this should be part of the program development.

LIST OF REFERENCES

LIST OF REFERENCES

Abbott, Donald L., Packaging Perspectives, Kendall/Hunt Publishing Co.,
Dubuque, Iowa (1989)

EPA, Characterization of Municipal Solid Waste in the United States:1994
Update, US Environmental Protection Agency, EPA/530-R-94—042 (November 1994)

EPA, Characterization of Municipal Solid Waste in the United States:l990
Update, US Environmental Protection Agency (1992)

Manypenny, Gerry 0., Holmgren, R. Bruce, Beckman, Harold M., Egan, Richard,
and McQueen, Gloria, Glossary of Packaging Terms, The Packaging Institute, USA,
Stanford, Connecticut, Sixth edition, PP 166 (1996)

Microsofi Visual Basic for Windows 95, Version 3. 0, Microsoft Corporation

Millard, Peter 13., General Information about Microsoft Visual Basic, Internet:
http :l/www.apexsc.com/vb/fip/vbfaq/vbfaqgen.nrt (1997)

Norton, Peter, Guide to Visual Basic 4 for Windows 95, Sam Publishing ,
Indianapolis, IN (1995)

Perry, Greg, Visual Basic in 12 Easy lessons, Sam Publishing , Indianapolis, IN
(1995)

Saputo, Brian Peter, Solid Waste Integrated Packaging Evaluation System, M.S.
Thesis, Michigan State University (1991)

Zak, Diane, Programming with Microsofi Visual Basic 2. 0/3. 0 for Windows,
Course Technology, Inc., Cambridge, MA (1995)

ADDITIONAL SOURCES FOR COMPUTER PROGRAMMING

ADDITIONAL SOURCES FOR COMPUTER PROGRAMMING

Socha, John and Hall, Devra, Teach yourself... Visual Basic 3. 0, MIS:Press, Inc.,
New York, NY (1994)

Thomas, Zane, Amson, Robert, and Waite,Mitchell, Visual Basic How-to, Second
edition, Waite Group Press, Inc., Corte Madcra, CA (1993)

45

APPENDIX A

COMPUTER SOURCE CODE FOR SWIPES

APPENDIX A

COMPUTER SOURCE CODE FOR SWIPES

AboutFrm.Frm

Sub Cdeeturn_Click ( )
WhatFrm.Show
AboutFrm.Hide

End Sub

Arbilnfo.Fr1n
Sub CmeK_Click ( )
‘Check negative information.
IF Val(TxtW.Text) < 0 Or Val(TxtXl.Text) < 0 Or Val(TxtX2.Text) < 0 Or

‘Val(TxtY.Text) < 0 0r ValCI‘th.Text) < 0 Then

Warn = MsgBox (“Information cannot be a negative number”,
‘MB_IconExclamation, “Please Check”)

Exit Sub

End If

46

47

‘Check arbitrary information.

If ValCIxtW.Text) > 1 Or Val(TxtXl .Text) > 1 Or Val(TxtX2.Text) > 1 Or

‘Val(TxtY.Text) > 1 Or Val(Tth.Text) > 1 Then

Warn = MsgBox (“Arbitrary value cannot be more than one”,

‘MB_IconExc1amation, “Please Check”)

Exit Sub
End If
‘Assign variables from information array.
W = Val(TxtW.Text)
X1 = ValCl‘xtXl.Text)
X2 = Val(TxtX2.Text)
Y = Val(TxtY.Text)
Z = Val(Tth.Text)

‘Record information into information array.
InfoArray(MatCormt).W = W
InfoArrayCMatCount).X1 = XI
InfoArray(MatCormt).X2 = X2
InfoArray(MatCormt).Y = Y
InfoArray(MatCount).Z = Z

‘Display MatMenuFrm and hide the screen.
ArblnfoFrmJ-Iide

EndSub

48

SubForm_Activate ( )

‘Assign variables on this screen fiom data file.
TxtW.Text = InfoArray(MatCormt).W
TxtXl .Text = InfoArray(MatCormt).Xl
TxtX2.Text = InfoArray(MatCount).X2
TxtY.Text = InfoArray(MatCount).Y
Tth.Text = InfoArray(MatCount).Z

End Sub

Sub Form_Deactivate ( )
‘Clear old information on the screen.
' TxtWRefresh
TxtX1.Refresh
TxtX2.Refresh
TxtY.Refiesh
Tth.Refi'esh

End Sub

Sub MnuFileExit_Click ( )
End

End Sub

49

Sub MnuFiIeSwipe_Click ( )
‘Record SWIPES information.
Call SwipeFile

EndSub

Sub MnuInfoMat_Click ( )
‘Work like OK button.
Call CmeK_Click
MatlnfoFrm. Show

EndSub

Sub MnuInfoPkg_Click ( )
‘Clear FName variable, protect program from reading a closed file.
IfFName <> “ “ Then
Close #1
[Name = “ “
End If
‘Work like OK button.
Call CmeK_Click
ComInfoFrm.Show

‘Memo how to make the program work.

50

MsgBox (“Click on of Type of Package to get information”)

End Sub

Sub MnuInfoPro_Click ( )
‘Clear FName variable, protect program fi'om reading a closed file.
If FName <> “ “ Then
Close #1
FName = “ “
End If
‘Work like OK button.
Call CmeK__Click
PPFrm.Show

EndSub

Sub MnuInfoScr_Click ( )
‘Work like OK button.
Call CmeK_Click
ScrInfoFrm.Show

End Sub

BInfo.Fr-m

Sub CmdBaek_Click ( )

51

‘Display the what to do menu and hide the screen.
WhatFrm.Show
PPan.Hide

End Sub

Sub Cdeancle_Click ( )
‘Choises what the user want to do
Ques = MsgBox (“Would you like to return to what to do menu? (Yes to return to
‘what to do menu, No to clear all information and enter again, or Cancle to keep all
‘information and stay in this interface)”, MB_IeonQuestion + MB_YesNoCancle, “ “)
Select Case Ques
Case IDYes
WhatFrm.Show
PPFrm.Hide
, Case IDNo
TXthgName.Te = “ “
TxthgMan.Text = “ “
TxtMassPr.Tex = “ “
TxtProden.Text = “ “
TxtComb.Te = “ “
OptGram.Value = False
OptGramPro.Value = False

52

OptLb.Value = False
OptLbPro.VaIue = False
Case Else
Exit Sub
End Select

End Sub

Sub CmdNext_Click( )
‘Check that all information are positive number.
IfValCl'xtMassPr.Text) < 0 Or Val(TxtProdenIext) < 0 Then
Warn = MsgBox(“Information cannot be a negative number”,
‘MB_leonExclamation, “Please check”)
Exit Sub
End If
‘Check the unit of mass and density of product.
If Convert = Val(“ “) Or ConvertPro = Val(“ “) Then
Warn = MsgBox (“Please check the units of mass and compacted density
‘of product”, MB_IconExclamation, “Please check”)
Exit Sub
End If
‘Assign values of all variables.

ProType = TxthgName.Text

53

Man = TxthgMan.Text

mPr = Val(TxtMassPr.Text) * Convert

dPr = Val(TxtProden.Text) * ConvertPro

Peomb = Val(TxtComb.Text)

ProMass = Val(l‘xtMassPr.Text)

ProDcn = Val(TxtProDen.Text)
‘Displaythenext screenandhidethisscreen.

ComInfoFrm.Show

PPFrm.Hide

End Sub

Sub FormfiActivate ( )

‘Assign information onto screen.
TxthgName.Text = ProType
TxthgManText = Man
TxtMassPr.Text = ProMass
TxtProDenText '= ProDen

, TxtComb.Text = Peomb
Select Case Left(ProU, 1)
. Case “L”
Optlb.Value = True

Case “g”

54

OptGram.Value = True
End Select
Select Case Lefi(Produ, 1)
Case “L”
OptLbPro.Value = True
Case “g”
OptGramPro.Value = True
End Select

End Sub

Sub OptGrarn_Click ( )

‘Assign the converter value.
Convert = 1 / 454
ProU = “g.”

EndSub

Sub OptGramPro_Click ( )

‘Assign the converter value.
Converth = (2.54 " 3) / 454
Pmdu = “chm"3”

EndSub

55

Sub OptLb_Click ( )
‘Assign the converter value.
Convert = 1
ProU = “Lb.”

End Sub

Sub OptLbPro__Click ( )

‘Assign the converter value.
ConvertPro = 1
Produ = “LbftnAB”

EndSub

ComlnfmFr-m

Sub CmdBack_Click ( )

‘Display the what to do menu and hide this form.
WhatFrm.Show
ComInfoFrmJ-Iide

End Sub

Sub CboPkgType_Click ( )
‘Assign varialbles from information array to a responding package.

Pk'gType = CboPkgType.Text

56

MatCount = 1
Found = “ “
Do While MatCount <= 10
If CboPkgType.Text = InfoArray(MatCount).pkg Then
Found = “Yes”
Exit Do
' End If
MatCount = MatCount + 1
LOOP
If Found = “Yes” Then
CboTMat.Text = lnfoArray(MatCount).Mat
If Lefi (InfoArray(MatCount).Png, 1) = “g” Then
OptGramPkg.Value = True
TxtMasstg.Text = InfoAnay(Ma:f‘ount).mPkg * 454
Else I
OptLbPkg.Value = True
TxtMasstg.Text = InfoArray(MatCormt).mPkg
End If
TxtNPro.Text = InfoArray(MatCount).Npro
TxtNumUse.Text = InfoArray(MatCormt).n
End If

EndSub .

 

57

Sub Cdeancel_Click ( )
‘Decide where to go.
Ques = MsgBox (“Would you like to return to what to do menu? (Yes to return to
‘what to do menu, No to clear all information and enter again, or Cancel to keep all
‘information and stay in this interface)”, MB_IconQuestion + MB_YesNoCanoel, “ “)
Select Case Ques
‘ Case IDYes
WhatFrm.Show
CboTMatClear
TxtMasstg.Te = “ “
TxtNumUse.Text = “ “
OptLbPkg.Value = False
OptGrarnPkg.Value = False
ComlnfoFrm.I-Iide
Case IDNo
CboPkgType.I_.istIndex = O
CboTMatClear
TxtMasstg.Te = “ “
TxtNumUse.Text = “ “

OptLbPkg.Value = False

OptGramPkg.Value = False

58

Case Else
Exit Sub
End select
‘Protect program from reading a closed file.

IfFName <> “ “ Then

Close #1

FName = “ “
End If

End Sub

Sub CmdFile_Click ( )
‘Protect program from reading a closed file.
IfFName <> “ “ Then
2 Close #1
FName = “ “
End If
SelectForm = 2
FrmGetFile.Show

End Sub

Sub Cmd Next_Click ( )

‘Check negative information.

59

If Val(‘l' xtMasstg.Text) < 0 Val(TxtNumUse.Text) < 0 Then
Warn = MsgBox (“Information cannot be a negative number”,
‘MB_IconExclamation, “Please Check”)
Exit Sub
End If
‘Check needed information.
If Val(TxtNumUse.Text) < 1 Then
Warn = MsgBox (“Number of uses Should be at least one”,
MB_IconExclamation, “Please Check”)
‘ Exit Sub
End If
‘Check whether units are applied or not.
If(OptLbPkg.Value <> True) and (OptGramPkg.Value <> True) Then
Warn = MsgBox (“Please check the units of package and product mass”,
MB_IconExclamation, “Please Check”)
Exit Sub
End If
‘Assign variables from screen information.
MPkg = Val(‘l‘xtMasstg.Text) “ Converthg
n = Val(TxtNumUse.Text)
Npro = Val(TxtNPro.Text)

‘Getmater‘ialinfonnationfi'omdatafileiftheuserwant.

Lett=1
DoWhileLett<=20
Tmat= CboTMaLText& “ “
IfMidCTmaLLetL l)=““T'hen
SelectMat = Lefi(CboTMat.Text, (Lett - 1))
ExitDo
Endlf
Lett=Lett+1
Loop
IfFName<>““Then
DataNum=1
Get#l,DataNum, DataRec
Do While Not EOE (1)
Lett=1
DoWhileLett<= 20
If Mid(DataRec.MatType, Lett, 1) = “ “Then
Mat = Lefi (DataRec.MatType, (Len -1))
ExitDo
Endlf
Lett=Lett+l
Loop
1f Ucase (SelectMat) = Ucase (Mat) Then

61
Exit Do
Else
DataNum = DataNum + l
DenPkg = Val(“ “)
Get#l, DataNum, DataRec

Endlf

. DenPkg = DataRec.Den
rr = DataRec.rr
c = DataRec.c
i = DataRec.i
a = DataRec.a
. e = DataRec.c
W = DataRec.W
X1 = DataRec.Xl
X2 = DataRec.X2
Y = DataRec.Y
. Z = DataRecZ
Unit = DataRec.Unit
Close #1
FName = “ “

‘Check for available materials in the file.

62
If DenPkg = Val(“ “) Then
Warn = MsgBox (“This type of material is not available on the
‘selected data file name, Would you like to try another file? (Yes to enter file name, No to
‘enter all informaiton by keyboard, or Cancel to stay in this interface)”,
‘MB_IeonExc1amaiton + MB_IconYesNoCancel, “Not Available”)
Select Case Warn
Case IDYes
FrmGetFile.Show
Exit Sub
Case lDCancel
Exit Sub
End Select
End If
End If
‘Reeord Information in information array.
MatCount = 1
Do While MatCormt <= 10
IbeoPkgType.Text = InfoArray(MatCount).pkg Then
Found = “Yes”
Exit Do
End If

MatCount = MatCount + l

63

Loon
If Found <> “Yes” Then

MatCount = 1
Do While MatCount <= 10

If InfoAn'ay(MatC0tmt).pkg = “ “ Then

Exit Do

End If

MatCount = MatCormt + 1
LOOP
InfoArray(MatCount).pkg = CboPkgType.Text
InfoArray(MatCount).Mat = CboT'MatText
InfoArray(MatCormt).mPkg = mPkg
InfoArray(MatCount).Png = Png
InfoArray(MatCount).n = n
InfoArray(MatCount).NPro = NPro
InfoAmy(MatCount).deg = DenPkg
InfoArray(MatComrt).Pkgdu= Unit
InfoArray(MatCount).rr = rr
InfoArray(MatCmmt).c = c
InfoArray(MatCount).i = i
InfoArray(MatCount).a = a
InfoArray(MatCount).e = e

64

InfoArray(MatCount).W = W
InfoArray(MatCount).Xl = XI
InfoArray(MatCount).X2= X2
InfoArray(MatCount).Y = Y
InfoArray(MmCOtmt).Z = Z
End If
Mat = CboTMatText
‘Display material menu screen.
MatMenuFrmShow
ComInfoFrm.Hide

EndSub

Sub F orm_Actvate ( )
CboPkgType.Clear
‘Add items to the type of packaging combo box.
MatNum = l
IfInfoArray(MatNum).pkg =3 “ “ or AddMat = “Yes” Then
. CboPkgTypeAddItem “Bag”
CboPkgTypeAddItem “Bottle”
CboPkgTypeAddItem “Box”
CboPkgTypeAddltem “Can”

CboPkgTypeAddltem “Carton”

65

CboPkgType.AddItem “Pallet”
CboPkgType.AddItem “Pouch”
CboPkgType.AddItem “Tube”
CboPkgType.AddItem “Wrapper”
CboPkgType.AddItem “Other”
Else
Do While InfoArray(MatNum).pkg <> “ “
CboPkgType.AddItem InfoArray(MatNum).pkg
MmNum = MatNum + 1
Loop
End If
CboPkgType.ListIndex = 0
‘Set default values.
TxtMasstg.Text == “ “
OptGramPkg.Value = False
OptLbPkg.Value '= False
TxtNumUse.Text = “ “
TxtNPro.Text '= “ “

EndSub

Sub MnuFiIeExit_Click ( )

Edd

End Sub

SuanuFileValue_Click ( )
Call SwipeFile

EndSub

SubInfoPro_Click( )
Call CmdNext_Click
PPFrm.Show

End Sub

SubOptGramPkg_Click ( )
‘Assign the converter value.

Converthg = l / 454
Png = “g.”

EndSub

Sub OptLbPkg_Click ( )

‘Assign the converter value.
Converthg == 1 -
Png = “Lb.”

End Sub

67

DataFrmJ‘rm
Sub CboTMat_Click ( )
‘Clear old information on screen.
TxtDen.Refresh
TxtRRate.Refi'esh
TxtCRate.Refresh
TxtIRate.Refresh
TxtW.Refresh
TxtXl .Refi'esh
TxtX2.Refresh
TxtY.Refresh
TthP. ; fresh
TxtAshRefresh
TxtRes.Refi'eSh
OptGramPkg.Value = False
OptLbPkg.Value '= False
‘Get informaiton from a file if it is opened.
If FName <> “ “ Then
DataNum = 1
Get #1, DataNum, DataRec

Do While Not EOF (1)

68
Lett = 1
Do While Lett <= 20
If Mid(DataRec.MatType, Lett, 1 = “ “ Then
Mat = Left(DataRec.MatType, (Lett - 1)
Let: = 21
End If -
Lett = Lett + 1
LOOP
Lett = 1
Do While Let: <= 20
IfMid(CboTMat.Text, Lett, 1) = “ “ Then
SelectMat = Left(CboTMat.Text, (Lett - 1))
Lett = 21
End IF
Let: = Lett + l
LOOP
If Ucase(SelectMat) = Ucase(Mat) Then
TxtRRate.Text = DataRec.Rrate
TxtCRate.Text = DataRec.CRate
TxtIRate.Text = DataRec.IRate
TxtW.Text = DataRec.W

TxtX1.Text = DataRec.Xl

Endlf

EndSub

Else

End If

69

TxtX2.Text = DataRec.X2
TxtY.Text = DataRec.Y
Tth.Text = DataRecZ
TxtAsh.Text = DataRec.Ash
TxtRes.Text = DataRec.Res
Unit = DataRec.Dnit
If Unit = “g/cm"3” Then
OptGramPkg.Value = True
TxtDenText = DataRec.Den * 454 / (2.54"3)
Else
OptLbPkg.Value = True
TxtDenText = DataRec.Den
End If

Exit Do

DataNum = DataNum +1

Get #1, DataNum, DataRec

70

Sub Cdeaneel__Click ( )
‘Show the what to do form and hide this fomrl
Close #1
FName = “ “
Ques = MsgBox (Would ‘you like to get a different file.”, MB_IconQuestion +

MB_YesNo, “Different File”)

Select Case Ques
' Case IDYes
FrmGetFile.Show
DataFrrn.I-Iide
Case IDNo

WhatFrm.Show
DataFrm.Hide

End Select

End Sub

Sub Cdeecord_C1ick ( )
‘Make sure one of the unit option boxes is checked.
If Unit = “ “ Then

Warn

MsgBox (“Please Check the Units of package and product
compacted density.”, MB_IconExclamation, “Please check”)

Exit Sub

71

End If
‘Check negative informaiton.
If Val(TxtDen.Text) < 0 Or Val(TxtRRate.Text) < 0 Or Val(TxtCRate.Text) < 0
‘Or Val(TxtW.Text) < 0 Or Val(TxtX1.Text) < 0 Or Val(TxtX2.Text) < 0 Or
‘Val(TxtY.Text) < 0 Or Val(Tth.Text) < 0 Or Val(TxtAshText) < 0 Or
‘Val(TxtRes.Text) < 0 Then
Warn = MsgBox (“Information cannot be a negative number”,
‘MB__IeonExclamation, “Please Check”)
Exit Sub
End If
‘Check arbitrary information.
If Val(TxtW.Text) > 1 Or Val(TxtX1.Text) > 1 Or Val(TxtX2.Text) > 1 Or
‘Val(TxtY.Text) > 1 Or Val(Tth.Text) > 1 Then
Warn = MsgBox (“Arbitrary values cannot be more than one”,
‘MB_IconExclamtion, “Please Check”) ‘
Exit Sub
End e
‘Check fraction information.
If Val(TxtAshText) >1 Or TxtRes.Text) > 1 Then
Warn = MsgBox (Please enter all fraction number as fraction (less than 1,
‘without % Sign)”, MB_IconExclamation, “Please Check”)

Exit Sub

Endlf

‘Write the new information onto the data file, change the old information if the same
‘material isalreadyrecordedorwritetothebottom offile ifit is newmatcrial.
DataNum = 1
Get #1, DataNum, DataRec
Do While Not EOF(1)
If DataRec.MatType o “ “ Then
If Ucase(CboTMat.Text) = Ucase DataRec.MatType) Then
Formd = “Yes”
Exit Do
End If
Else
Exit Do
End If
V DataNum = DataNum + 1
Get #1, DataNum. DataRec
L001:
DataRec.MatType = CboTMatText
IfLefiOJnit, 1) = “8” Then
DataRec.Den = Val(TxtDen.Text) * (2.54"3) / 454
Else

DataRec.Den = Val(TxtDen.Text)

End If
DataRec.RRate = Val(TxtRRate.Text)
DataRec.CRate = Val(TxtCRate.Text)
DataRec.1Rate = Val(TxtIRate.Text)
DataRec.W = Val(TxtW.Text)
DataRec.Xl = Val(TxtXl .Text)
DataRec.X2 = Val(TxtX2.Text)
DataRec.Y = Val(TxtY.Text)
DataRec.Z = Val(TthText)
DataRec.Ash = Val(TxtAsh.Text)
DataRec.Res = Val(‘l'xtRes.Text)
DataRec.Unit = Unit
Put #1, DataNum, DataRec
Close #1
‘Whether the user want to record more, where.
Record = MsgBox “Would you like to record more in the same data file?”,
‘MB_IconQuestion + MB_YesNo, “Same File”)
Select Case Record
, Case IDYes
Open FName For Random As #1 Len = Len(DataRec)
Case IDNo
Drecord = MsgBox (“More in a different file?”, MB_IconQuestion

‘+ MB_YesNo, “Different File”)

74

Select Case Drecord
Case [D Yes
FrmGetl-‘ileShow
Case IDNo
WhatFrm.Show
DataFrm.Hide
End Select
End Select

End Sub

Sub Form_Activate ( )

‘Clear old information.
OptGramPkg.Value = False
OptLbPkg.Value = False
TxtAshRefiesh
TxtCRate.Refresh
TxtDenRefresh
TxtIRate.Refresh
CboTMaLClear
TxtRes.Refresh
TxtRRateRefiesh

TxtW.Refresh

75

TxtX1.Refi'csh
TxtX2.RefreSh
TxtY.Refresh
Tth.Refresh
‘Add items to CboTMat.
IfFName <> “ “ Then
DataNum = 1
Get #1 , DataNum. DataRec
Do While Not EOF(1)
CboTMat.AddIem DataRec.MatType
DataNum = DataNum + 1
Get #1 , DataNum, DataRec
Loop
CboTMatListIndex = 0
End If

End Sub

Sub MnuPrint_Click( )
Cdeaneel.Visible = False
CdeeoordVisible = False
PrintForm

CnidCancelNisible = True

76

Cdeecord.Visible = True

End Sub

Sub OptGramPkg_Click ( )
‘Assign unit variable.

Unit = “g/cm".3”
End Sub
Sub OptLbPkg_Click ( )
‘Assign 1mit variable.

Unit = “lb/in"3”

EndSub

DoWhaLFrm

Sub CmdData__Click ( )

‘Display the data form and hide this form.
SelectForm = 1
FrmGetFile.LstFileType.Clear
FrmGetFiIe.LstFileType.AddItem “SWIPES Data Files (‘.swp)”
FrmGetFile.LstFileType.Addltem “All File (‘.")”
FrmGetFile.LstFileType.ListIndex = 0
FrmGetFile.TxtFiles.Text = “*.SWp”

FrmGetF i1e.Caption = “Data File Selection”

F rmGetF ile.Show

End Sub

Sub Cdexit_Click ( )
End

End Sub

Sub CmdSwipeFile__Click ( )
‘Protect program from reading a closed file.

IfFName<> ““Then

End If

SelectForm = 3

FrmGetFile.LstFileType.Clear

FrmGetFile.LstFi1eType.AddItem “SWIPES Value Files (*.val)”
FrmGetFile.LstFileType.Addltem “All File (*.")”
FrmGetFile.LstFileType.ListIndex = 0

FrmGetFileTxtFilesText = “*.val”

FrmGetFile.Caption = “SWIPES Value File Selection”
FrmGetFile.Show

End Sub

78

Sub CmdAbouLClick ( )
AboutFrm.Show
WhatFrm.1-Iide

End Sub

Sub Form_Activate ( )
‘Clear old information in infoArray.

For MatCount = 1 To 10
InfoArray(MatCormt).pkg = “ “
InfoArray(MatCount).Mat = “ “
InfoArray(MatCount).mPkg = 0
InfoArray(MatCotmt).Png = “ “
InfoArray(MatCount).n = O

, InfoArray(MatCount).de = 0
InfoArray(MatCormt).Pkgdu = “ “
lnfoArray(MatCormt).rr = 0
InfoAnay(MatCormt).c = 0
InfoArray(MatCOtmt).i = 0

- InfoArray(MatCOtmt).a = 0
InfoArray(MatCount).e = 0
InfoArray(MatCormt).ms = 0

79

lnfoArray(MatCount).Scrapu = “ “
InfoArray(MatCount).f = 0
InfoArray(MatCount).b = O
InfoArray(MatCount).rc = 0
InfoArray(MatCount).W = 0
InfoArray(MatCount).X1 = 0
InfoArray(MatCount).X2= 0
InfoArray(MatCount).Y = 0
InfoArray(MatCount).Z = 0
InfoArray(MatCount).NPro = 0

_ MatSwipeArray(MatCormt).Mat = “ “
MatSwipeArray(MatCount).VCom = 0
MatSwipeArray(MatCount).MScr = O
MatSwipeAn'ay(MatC0tmt).Reuse = O
MatSwipeArray(MatCount).Recy = 0
MatSwip'eArray(MatCount).Comp = O
MatSwipeArray(MatCOtmt).Comb = O
MatSwipeArray(MatCount).ProEf = O
MatSwipeArray(MatCOtmt).Schac == 0
MatSwipeArray(MatCormt).PFac = 0
MatSwipeArray(MatCount).Swipe = 0

Next MatCount

80

End Sub

Sub SwipeCmd_Click ( )
PPFrm.Show
Whatan.I-Iide

End Sub

FrmGetFileFr-m

Sub Cdeaneel_Click ( )

‘Hide data file selection form.
TxtFiles.Refiesh
FrmGetFile.I-Iide

End Sub

Sub CmeK_Click ( )
‘Assign data file name.
Select Case SelectForm
. Case 1
If Right (T xtF iles.Text, 3) = “swp” Then
FName == TxtFileS.Text
Else

FName = TxtFileS.Text & “.swp”

81

End If
Case 4
IfRight (T xtF iles.Text, 3) = “val” Then
FName = TxtFiles.Text
Else
FName = TxtFiles.Text & “.val”
End If
Case Else
FName = TxtFiles.Text
End Select
IfRight$(FilFile.Path, 1) = “\” Then
FName = FilFile.Path & FName
Else
FName = FilFile.Path & “\” & FName
End If
ComInfoFrm.CboTMat.Clear
‘Check Ifthe FName is available or not.
IfSelectForm <> 4 Or 1 Then
IfDir$(FName) = “ “ Then
MsgBox “The selected file name does not exist, please check the
‘name and enter again.”

Exit Sub

82

End If
End If
‘Open the data file if it is available.
Open FName For Random As #1 Len = Len(DataRec)
TxtFiles.Refresh
Select Case SelectForm
Case 1
DataFrm.Show
Case 2
ComInfoFrm.CboTMat.Clear
DataNum = 1
‘Compare and get information fi'om data file.
Get #1 , DataNum, DataRec
Do While Not EOF(1)
ComInfann.CboTMat.Addltem DataRec.MatType
DataNum = DataNum + 1
Get #1 , DataNum, DataRec
Loop
ComInfoFrm.CboTMatListIndex = 0
Case 3
DataNum = 1

Get #1, DataNum, DataRec

83

ProType = DataRec.ProType

Man = DataRec.Man

ProMass = DataRec.ProMass

ProDen = DataRec.ProDen

PComb = DataRec.PComb

ProU = DataRec.ProU

Produ = DataRec.Produ

Do While Not EOF (1)
InfoArray(DataNum).pkg = DataRec.pkg
InfoArray(DataNum).Mat = DataRec.Mat
InfoArray(DataNum).mPkg = DataRecmPkg
InfoArray(DataNum).Png = DataRecPng
InfoArray(DataNum).n = DataRec.n
InfoArray(DataNum).deg = DataRec.deg
InfoArray(DataNum).Pkgdu = DataRecPkgdu
InfoArray(DataNum).rr = DataRec.RRate
InfoArray(DataNum).c= DataRec.CRate
InfoArray(DataNum).i = DataRec.1Rate
InfoArray(DataNum).a = DataRec.Ash
InfoArray(DataNum).e = DataRec.Res
InfoArray(DataNum).ms = DataRecmS

InfoArray(DataNum).Scrapu = DataRec.Scrapu

84

InfoArray(DataNum).f = DataRec.f
InfoArray(DataNum).b = DataRec.b
InfoArray(DataNum).W = DataRec.W
InfoArray(DataNum).X1 = DataRec.Xl
InfoArray(DataNum).X2 = DataRec.X2
InfoArray(DataNum).Y = DataRec.Y
InfoArray(DataNum).Z = DataRecZ
InfoArray(DataNum).NPro= DataRec.NPro
DataNum = DataNum + 1
Get #1 , DataNum, DataRec

Loop

Close #1

PPFrm.Show

LstFileType.Clear

LstFileType.AddItem “SWIPES Data Files (*.swp)”

LstFileType.AddItem “All File ('.*)”

LstFileType.ListIndex = 0

FrmGetFile.Caption = “Data File Selection”

FName = “ “

Case 4
‘Record SWIPES information onto a SWIPES value file.

MatC==l

85

Do While MatC <= MatCount
DataNum = 1
Get #1, DataNum, DataRec
DataRecProType = ProType
DataRec.Man '3 Man
DataRecProMass = ProMass
DataRec.ProDen = ProDen
DataRec.PComb'—' PComb
DataRec.ProU= ProU
DataRecProdu = Produ
Do While Not EOF(1)
IfDataRec.pkg = “ “ Or DataRec.pkg = lnfoArray(MatC).pkg Then
Exit Do
End If
DataNum = DataNum + 1
Get #1, DataNum, DataRec
Loop
DateRec.Pkg = InfoArray(MatC).Pkg
DateRec.MatType = lnfoArray(MatC).MatType
DateRecmPkg = InfoArray(MatC).mPkg
DateRec.Png = InfoArray(MatC).Png

DateRecn = InfoArray(MatC).n

86

DateRec.Den = InfoArray(MatC).deg
DateRec.Unit = InfoArray(MatC).Pkgdu
DateRec.RRate = InfoArray(MatC).rr
DateRec.CRate = InfoArray(MatC).c
DateRecJRate = InfoArray(MatC).i
DateRec.Ash = InfoArray(MatC).a
DateRecRes = InfoArray(MatC).e
DateRecms = InfoArray(MatC).ms
DateRec.Scrapu = InfoArray(MatC).Scrapu
DateRec.f = InfoArray(MatC).f
DateRec.b = InfoArray(MatC).b
DateRec.rc = InfoArray(MatC).rc
DateRec.W = InfoArray(MatC).W

DateRec.Xl = lnfoArray(MatC).Xl

. DataRec.X2 = InfoArray(MatC).X2

DateRec.Y = InfoArray(MatC).Y
DateRecZ = InfoArray(MatC).z
DateRec.NPro = lnfoArray(MatC).Npro
Put #1, DataNum, DataRec

MatC=MatC+l

Clase #1

87

LstFileType.Clear
LstFileType.AddItem “SWIPES Data Files (*.swp)”
LstFileType.AddItem “All File (‘.")”
LstFileType.ListIndex = 0
FrmGetFile.Caption = “Data File Selection”
End Select
‘I-Iide data file selection form.
FrmGetFile.Hide

EndSub

Sub DirList_Change ( )
‘Change the file list with the selection of the directory.
FilFile.Path = DirList.Path
IfFilFileLiStCotmt > 0 Then
FilFile.ListIndex = 0
End If
Lleirs.Caption = DirList.Path

End Sub

Sub Derrive_Change ()
‘Change the directory path with the change of drive selected.

On' Error GoTo ErrHandler

88
DirLiSLPath = Derrive.Drive
Exit Sub
ErrHandler:
Const MB_RetryCaneel = 5, MB_OK = 0
Const MB_IconExclamation = 48, MB_IconStop = 16
Const IDRetry = 4, IDCancel = 2
Select Case Err
Case Deviee_Unavailable, DiSk_Not_Ready
Warn = MsgBox(“Please Check the disk.”, MB_IconExclamation
‘+ MB_RetryCaneel, “Error”)
If Warn = IDRetry Then

Resume
Else
Derrive.Drive = DirList.Path
Resume Next ‘Resume with DirList.Path =
‘DerriveDrive statement
End If
Case Else

Warn = MsgBox (“Um'eeoverable errorz” & ErrorS, MB_IconStop
‘+ MB_OK, “Error”)
Resume Next ‘Resume with Exit Sub Statement

End Select

89

End Sub

Sub FilFile_C1ick ( )
TxtFiles.Text = FilFile.List (FilFile.ListIndex)

End Sub

Sub FilFile_DblClick ( )
Call CmeK__Click

End Sub

Sub Form_Activate ( )
‘Set default values.
DerriveDrive = “c:”
DirList.Path = “c:\” ‘Root directory
Lleirs.Caption == DirList.Path
‘Select the first file in the list of files.
FilFile.Refi'esh
IfFiIFile.ListCormt > 0 then
FilFile.ListIndex = 0
End If

End Sub

Sub LstFileType_Click ( )
‘Change the file list pattern with the selection of the file type.
Select Case LstFileType.Text
Case “Swipes Data Files (‘.swp)”
FilFile.Pattern = “‘.swp”
Case “Swipes Value Files (*.va1)”
FilFile.Pattern = “‘.val”
Case “All File (‘.*)”
FilFile.Pattern = “‘3”
End Select

End Sub

Matlnfo.Fr-m
Sub CmeK_Click ( )
‘Check whether any density value is Zero, warn iftheylare.
IfValCl‘xthgDenText) = 0 Then
Warn= MsgBox (“The density cannot be 0 (Zero)”, MB_IconExclamation,
‘“Please Check”)
Exit Sub
End If
‘Check whether units are applied or not.

If Convert 8 Val(“ “) Then

91

Warn = MsgBox (“Please check the units of package and product mass”,
‘MB_IconExc1amation, “Please check”)
Exit Sub
End If
‘Check negative information.
If Val(TxthtDen.Text) < 0 Or Val (T‘xtRecRate.Text) < 0 Or
‘ValCTxtFracAshTexO < 0 Or Val(TxtIncRate.Text) < Or Val(TxtRes.Text < 0 Then
Warn = MsgBox(“Information cannot be a negative number”,
‘MB_IconExclamation, “Please Check”)
Exit Sub
End If
‘Check fraction information.
If Val(TxtFracAshText) > 1 Or Val(TxtRestext) > 1 Then
Warn = MsgBox(“Please enter all fi'action number as fraction (less than 1, .
‘without % Sign)”, MB_IconExclamation, “Please Check”)
Exit Sub
End If
‘Assign variables fi'om those text boxes on the screen.
deg '= Val(TxthgDen.Text) * Convert
rr= Val(TxtRecRateText)
c = Val(TxtCompRate.Text)

i =' Val(TxtIncRate.Text)

a = Val(TxtFracAshText)
e = Val(TxtRes.Text)

‘Record information into information array.
InfoArray(MatCount).de = deg
InfoArray(MatCormt).Pkgdu = Pkgdu
InfoArray(MatCormt).rr = rr
InfoAnay(MatCount).c = c
InfoArray(MatCount).i = i
InfoArray(MatCount).a = a
InfoArray(MatCount).e= e

‘Display MatMenufrm and hide this form.
MatlnfoFrrn.Hidc

End Sub

Sub Form_Activate ( )

‘Clear old information.
TxthgDenRefresh
TxtRecRateRefi'esh
TxtCompRate.Refiesh
TxtIncRate.Refi'esh
TxtFracAshRefresh

TxtRes.Refresh

93

OptLbPkg.Value = False
OptGramPkg.Value = False
‘Assign variables from infoarray if available/
Unit = InfoArray(MatCount).Pkgdu
Select Case Lefi(Ucase(Unit), 1)
Case “ L”
OptLbPkg.Value = True
TxthgDenJ‘ext = InfoArray(MatCormthkg
Case “ G”
OptGramPkg.Value = True
TxthgDen.Text = InfoAn'ayCMatCounthkg " 454 / (2.54"3)
End Select
TxtTecRate.Text = InfoArray(MatCount).rr
TxtCompRate.Text = InfoArray(MatCormt).c
TxtIncRate.Text = InfoArray(MatCormt).i
TxtFracAshText = InfoAnay(MatCormt).a
TxtRes.Text = InfoArray(MatCOtmt).e
End Sub

Sub MnuFileExit_Click ()
End

EndSub

Sub MnuFileSwipe_Click ( )
Call SwipeFile

End Sub

Sub MnuInfoArb_Click ( )
Call CmeK_Click
ArbInfoFrmshow

EndSub

Sub MnuInfoPkg_Click ( )
If FName <> “ “ Then
Close #1
FName = “ “
End If
Call CmeK_Click
ComInfoFrm.Show
MsgBox “Click ont of Type of Packge to get information”

End Sub

Sub MnuInfoPro_Click ( )

IfFName<>““Then

95

Close #1
FName = “ “
End If
Call CmeK_Click
PPFrm.Show

End Sub

Sub MnuInfoScr_Click ( )
Call CmeK_Click
ScrlnfoFrm.Show

EndSub

Sub OptGramPkg_Click ( )

‘Assign the converter value.
Convert = (2.54"3) / 454
Pkgdu = chm"3”

End Sub

Sub OptLbPkg_Click( )
‘Assign the converter value.
Convert = 1

Pkgdu = “Linn"3”

End Sub

MatMenu.Frm

Sub Command1_Click ( )

‘Display MatInfoFrm and hide this screen.
MatInfoFrm.Show

End Sub

Sub Command2_Click ( )

‘Display ScrlnfoFrm and hide the screen.
ScrlnfoFrm.Show

End Sub

Sub Command3_Click ( )
‘Display ArblnfoFrm and hide the screen.
ArbInfoFrm.Show

End Sub

Sub Command4_Cl;ick ( )
‘Display the material Swipe value form and hide this form.
MatSwipeFrm.Show

End Sub

97

Sub Command5_Click ( )
“Check necessary information.
If InfoArray(MatCormt).deg = 0 Then

Warn = MsgBox(“The density value

‘MB_IconExclamation, “Please Check”)
- MatInfoFrm.Show
MatMenuFrrn.Hide
Exit Sub

End If

cannot

be 0(Zero)”,

‘Check the previous material SWIPES values and record those values in MatSwipeArray.

IfVcom = Val(“ “) Then
Call Calculation
Call SwipeRec
End If
‘Display the component information form and hide this form.
FName = “ “
ComInfoFrm.Show

End Sub

Sub Command6 -C1ick ( )
“Check necessary information.

If InfoArray(MatCount).deg = 0 Then

98

Warn = MsgBox(“The density value
‘MB_IconExclamation, “Please Check”)

MatInfoFrm.Show

MatMenuFrm.I-lide

Exit Sub

End If

IfVcom = Val(“ “) Then
Call Calculation
Call SwipeRec

End If

“Clear old information in array.

For MatNum =1 T010
InfoArray(MatNum).pkg = “ “
InfoArray(MatNum).Mat = “ “
InfoArray(MatNum).mPkg = 0
InfoArray(MatNum).Png = “ “
InfoArray(MatNum).n = O
InfoArray(MatNmn).deg = 0
InfoArray(MatNum).Pkgdu = “ “
InfoArray(MatNum).rr = O
InfoArray(MatNum).c = 0

InfoArray(MatNum).i = 0

cannot

be 0(Zero)”,

InfoArray(MatNum).a = 0
InfoArray(MatNum).e = 0
‘ InfoArray(MatNum).ms = O
InfoArray(MatNum).Scrapu = “ “
InfoArray(MatNum).f = 0
InfoArray(MatNum).b = O
InfoArray(MatNum).rc = 0
‘ InfoArray(MatNum).W = 0
InfoArray(MatNum).X1 = 0
InfoArray(MatNum).X2 = 0
InfoArray(MatNum).Y = 0
InfoArray(MatNum).Z = 0
‘ InfoAnay(MatNum).NPro = 0
Next MatNum
WhatFrm.Show
MatMenuFmHide

End Sub

Sub Command7_Click ( )
‘Check necessary information.
If InfoAnay(MatCount).deg = 0 Then
Warn = MsgBox(“The density value cannot be 0 (2610)”,

‘MB_IconEx'clamation, “Please Check”)

100

MatInfoFrm.Show
MatMenuFrm.Hide
Exit Sub
End If
If Vcom = Val(“ “) Then
Call Calculation
Call SwipeRec
End If
ComInfoFrmShow
MsgBox(“Click one of Type of Package to get informaiton”)

End Sub

Sub Command8_Click ( )
‘Check neceSsary information.
If InfoArray(MatCormt).deg = 0 Then
Warn '= MsgBox(“The density value cannot be 0 (Zero)”.
‘MB_IconExclamation, “Please Check”)
MatInfoFrm.Show
MatMenuFrm.Hide
Exit Sub
End If

IfVcom = Val(“ “) Then

101

Call Calculation
Call SwipeRec
End If
AddMat = “Yes”
ComInfoFrm.Show
MatMenann.Hide

End Sub

Sub Form_Active ( )
Vcom = Val(“ “)

EndSub

MatSwipeFrm

Sub Cdeeturn_Click ( )

‘Display the material menu form and hide this form.
MatMenuFmShow
MatSwipeFrm.I-lide

End Sub

Sub Form_Active ( )
‘Clear old information.

LstMat.Clear

102

LblComb.Caption = “ “
LblComp.Caption = “ “
LblMScr.Caption = “ “
LblPFac.Caption = “ “
LblRecy.Caption = “ “
LblReuse.Caption = “ “
LblSchac.Caption = “ “
LblProEfCaption = “ “
LblVComCaption = “ “
LblSwipe.Caption = “ “
OptCm.Value = False
OptIrLValue = False

‘Calculate SWIPES value and record values in MatSwipeArray for current material.
Call Calculation
Call SwipeRec

‘Add items to material list box.
MatNum =1
Do While MatSwipeArray(MatNum).Mat <> “ “

LstMat.AddItem MatSwipeArray(MatNum).Mat
~ I..stMat.ltemData(LstMat.NewIndex) = MatNum
MatNum = MatNum + 1

L001:

103

LstMat.AddItem “Total SWIPES Value”
LstMaLListIndex = MatNum - 2

End Sub

Sub LstMat_Click ( )
‘Assign Variables on screen for selected material with data in MatSwipeArray.
MatNum = 1
TSwipe = 0
Do While MatSwipeArray(MatNum).Mat <> “ “
TSwipe = MatSwipeArray(MatNum).Swipe + TSwipe
MatNum = MatNum + 1
L001)
If LstMat.Text = “Total SWIPES Value” Then
TSwipeFrm.Show
Else
Selection = 1 + LstMaLListIndex
VCom = MatSwipeAn'ay(Selection).VCom
MScr = MatSwipeArray(Selection).MScr
Reuse = MatSwipeArray(Selection).Reuse
Recy = MatSwipeArray(Selection).ny
‘ Comp = MatSwipeArray(Selection).Comp

Comb == MatSwipeArray(Selection).Comb

104

ProEf = MatSwipeArray(Selection).ProEf
Schac = MatSwipeArray(Selection).MFac
PFac = MatSwipeArray(Selection).PFac
Swipe = MatSwipeArray(Selection).Swipe

End If

‘Clear all labels before get new values.

LblComb.Caption = “ “

LblComp.Caption = “ “

LblMScr.Caption = “ “

LblPFac.Caption = “ “

LblRecy.Caption = “ “

LblReuse.Caption = “ “

LblSchac.Caption = “ “

LblProEtZCaption‘ = “ “

LblVComCaption = “ “

LblSwipe.Caption = “ “

OptCm.Value == False

OptIn.Value = False

EndSub

Sub MnuFileExit_Click 0

End.

105

End Sub

Sub MnuFileSwipe_Click ( )
Call SwipeFile

End Sub

Sub MnuInfoArb_Click ( )
ArblnfoFrm.Show
MatSwipeFrm.IIide

EndSub

Sub InfoMat_Click ( )
MatInfoFrm.Show
MatSwipeFrmJ-Iide

End Sub

Sub MnuInfoPkg_Click ( )
ComInfoFrm.Show
MatSwipeFrmJ-Iide
MsgBox “Click out of Type of Packge to get information”

EndSub

106

Sub MnuInfoPro_Click ( )
PPFrm.Show
MatSwipeFrm.Hide

End Sub

Sub MnuInfoScr_Click ( )
SerinfoFmrShow
MatSwipeFrm.Hide

End Sub

Sub MnuPt'intAll_Click( )
C811 PPrO
Call Pmat
Call Pswipe
Printer.Print Tab(10); “ttilttttttttttttttttttttttfitttttttttttttttttttt

#tttlttitttt##¢###¢¢¥tittttttttfifittttttfitttttttfittttttttttltiittttttttt”

Printer.NewPage

End Sub

Sub MnuPrintInfo__Click ( )

Callero
CaIIPmat

107
Primer prim Tab(10)- «tastescaucusseeearnestness:eceeeeeeceeeeeceeeece
‘ 9

ittC**¢*###*#¢##ttittitttt*t**#t*##**¢*t#ttt*ttttitttttt*tttttttttttttt”

Printer.NewPage

EndSub

Sub MnuPrintResult_Click 9 )

Callero
CallPswipe

Primerprint Tab(10)° at.##Gttttttttttttttfitifitttttttttttttttittttfittt
' 9

###tttttttttttttfitttttttittttttfitt‘tttttttttttttt*tfitttttttittttfittttit”

Printer.NewPage

EndSub

Sub OptCm_Click ( )

‘Assign the converter value.
Convert = 2.54"3

‘Show calculation results.
LblVCom.Caption = VCom * Convert
LblMScr.Caption = MScr
LblReuse.Caption = Reuse
LblRecy.Caption = Recy
LblComp.Caption = Comp

108

LblComb.Caption = Comb

LblProEfCaption = ProEf

LblSchac.Caption = Schac " Convert
LblPFac.Caption = PF ac " Convert
LblSwipe.Caption = Swipe ‘Convert
MatSwipeArray(MatNum).Convert = Convert

End Sub

Sub OptIn_Click ( )

‘Assign the converter value.
Convert = 1

‘Show calculation results.
LblVCom.Caption = VCom ” Convert
LblMScr.Caption = MScr
LblReuse.Caption = Reuse
LblRecy.Caption = Recy
LblComp.Caption = Comp
LblComb.Caption = Comb
LblProEfZCaption = ProEf
LblSchac.Captio’n = Schac " Convert
LblPFac.Caption = PFac "' Convert

LblSwipe.Caption = Swipe ”Convert

109

MatSwipeArray(MatNum).Convert = Convert

End Sub

SerInfo.Frm
SumedOK_Click ( )
‘Make sure one of the unit option boxes is checked.
If Val(TxtMassScr.Text) <> 0 And OptLb.Value <> True And (OptGram.Value

‘<> True) Then

Warn MsgBox(“Please check the Units of package and product

‘compacted density.”, MB_IconExclamation, “Please Check”)

Exit Sub
End If
‘Check negative information.
If Val(TxtFracSchext) < 0 Or Val(TxtMassScr.Text) < o 01'
‘ValCl‘xtProDam.Text) < 0 Or Val(TxtRecConText) < 0 Then
Warn = MsgBox(“Information cannot be a negative number.”,
MB_IconExclamation, “Please Check”)
Exit Sub
End If
‘Check fraction information.
If .- Val(‘l‘xtFracScr.Text) > 1 Or Val(TxtProDam.Text) > 1 Or

‘VaI(TxtRecCon.Text) > 1 Then

110

Warn = MsgBox(“Please enter all fraction number as fraction (less than 1,
‘without % Sign).”,MB_IconExclamaiton, “Please Check”)
Exit Sub
End If
‘Check necessary information.
IfValCl‘xtProDamText) <> InfoArray(l ).b And InfoArray(l).b <> 0 Then
Warn = MsgBox(“F motion of product damage in distribution should be
‘the same value for every package. Would you like to change the number?”,
‘MB_IconQuestion + MB_YesNo, “ “)
Select Case Warn
Case IDYes
InfoArray(l ).b = Val(TxtProDam.Text)
b = Val(TxtProDam.Text)
Case IDNo
B = InfoAn'ay(1).b
InfoArray(MatCotmt).b = InfoArray(l ).b
End Select
End If
‘Assign variables with informaiton from the screen.
b = Val(TxtProDam.Text)
ms = Val(TxtMassScr.Text) * Convert

f = Val(TxtFracScr.Tcxt)

Ill

rc = Val(TxtRecCon)
‘Record information into information array.
IfOptLb.Value = True Then
lnfoArray(MatCount).Scrpu = “Lb.”
Else
IfOptGram.Value = True Then
InfoArray(MatCOImt).Scrapu = “g.”
End If
End If
IfInfoArray(l).b = 0 Then
InfoArray(l ).b = Val(TxtProDam.Text)
End If
InfoArray(MatCount).b = Val(TxtProDam.Text)
InfoArray(MatCount).ms = ms
InfoArray(MatCount).f = f
InfoAmy(MatCormt).rc = re
‘Display MatMenuFrm and hide the screen.
ScrlnfoFrm.I-Iide

EndSub

Sub Form_Activate ( )

TxtFracScr.Refresh

112

TxtMassScr.Refresh
TxtProDam.RefreSh
TxtRecCon.Refi'esh
OptGram.Val = False
OptLb.Val = False
Select Case Left(InfoArray(MatCount).Scrapu, 1)
Case “g”
OptGram.Value = True
TxtMassScr.Text = InfoArray(MatCormt).ms "‘ 454
Case “L”
OptLb.Value = True
TxtMassScr.Text = InfoArray(MatCount).ms
End Select
TxtFracScr.Text = InfoArray(MatCount).f
TxtFracProDam.Text = InfoArray(l).b
TxtRecCon.Text == InfoArray(MatCount).rc

End Sub

Sub MnuFileExit_Click 0
End

EndSub

113

Sub MnuFileSwipe_Click ( )
Call SwipeFile

End Sub

Sub MnuInfoArb_Click( )
Call CmeK_Click
ArblnfoFrm.show

End Sub

Sub MnuInfoMat_Click ( )
Call CmeK_Click
MatInfofrmShow

EndSub

Sub MnuInfoPkg_Click ( )
lfFName <> “ “ Then
Close #1
FName = “ “
End n
Call CmeK_Click
ComInfoFrm.Show

MSgBox “Click ont of Type of Packge to get information”

114

End Sub

Sub MnuInfoPro_Click ( )
lfFName <> “ “ Then
Close #1
FName = “ “
End If
Call CmeK_Click
PPFrm.Show

End Sub

SubOptGram_Click ( )

‘Assign the converter value.
Converthg = 1 I454

EndSub

Sub OptLb_Click ( )
‘Assign the converter value.
Converthg = 1

EndSub

SwipeFrm

115

Dim 81 AS Integer
Dim 82 As Integer
Dim S3 As Integer
Dim S4 As Integer
Sub Timer1_Timer ( )
‘Display the what to do form and hide this form.
81 = S] + 1
If S1 > 1 Then
Timer1.Enabled = False
WhatFrmShow
WelFrm.1-Iide
End If

End Sub

Sub Timer2_Timer ( )
$2 = $2 + 1
1f 82 > 1 Then
‘ Timer2.Enabled = False
. End If
Label] .Visible = 'True

End Sub

116

Sub Timer3_Timer( )
S3 = $3 + 1
1f S3 > 1 Then
TimerB.Enabled = False
End If
Label2.Visible = True

End Sub

Sub Timer4_Timer( )
S4 = S4 + 1
If S4 > 1 Then
Timer4.Enabled = False
End If
Labe13.Visible = True

EndSub

TSwipeFr-m

Sub CmeK_Click ( 0
TSwipe = 0
TSwipeFrmJ-Iide

End Sub

117

Sub Form_Active ( )
Call OptIn_Click

End Sub

Sub MnuFileExit_Click 0
End

End Sub

Sub MnuFileSwipe_Click ( )
Call SwipeFile

End Sub

Sub MnuInfoArb_Click ( )
ArblnfoFrm.Show
TSwipeFrm.I-Iide

End Sub

Sub InfoMat_Click ( )
MatInfoFrm.Show
TSwipeFmHide

EndSub

118

Sub MnuInfoPkg_Click ( )
ComInfoFrm.Show
TSwipeFrm.Hide
MsgBox “Click one of Type of Package to get information”

End Sub

Sub MnuInfoPro_Click ( )
PPFrm.Show
TSwipeFrm.I-lide

End Sub

Sub MnuInfoScr_Click ( )
ScrlnfoFrm.Show
TSwipeFrm.I-Iide

End Sub

Sub MnuPrintAll_Click( )
Call Ppro
Call Pmat

Call Pswipe

him.“ TauIO); “Ottitittttfittt##Otfititfittfittttttttttt#tttttttt

tt.‘t$t¢¢ttt‘¢tttCtttttttttttitttitttttttittttltttt¢*#.¢O¢ttttttttfititt”

119

Printer.NewPage

End Sub

Sub MnuPrintlnfo_Click ( )
Call Ppro

Calleat

Primer prim Tabuo). «tsetseeceeeeeececeeeeaceeeceeceeaeececeeeeeecu
' 9

*ttttttttttt.tittlttltttttlttttttttifittttttfittt*‘tt*tttttttttttttittitt”

Printer.NewPage

EndSub

Sub MnuPrintResult_Click 9 )
Call Ppro

Call Pswipe

Printenpfint TENIO); “tttttittittit...titttttttttttttttttttittttttttt
‘titttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttfitttttttttttttttttttttt”
Pnnter.NewPage

End Sub

Sub OptCm_Click ( )
‘Assign the converter value.

Convert = 2.5493

120

‘Show calculation results.
LblTSwipe.Caption = Format(T Swipe * Convert, “Fixed”)

End Sub

Sub OptIn_Click ( )

‘Assign the converter value.
Convert = 1
LblTSwipe.Caption = Format(T Swipe "' Convert, “Fixed”)

End Sub

Swipclfias

Option Explicit

Type DataStruc
MatType As String " 20
Den As Single
Unit As Suing * 7
Rate As Single
CRatc As Single
[Rate Single
Ash As Single
Res As Single

W'AS Single

121

X1 ASSingle
X2ASSingle
YAsSingle
ZAsSingle
ProTypeAsString" 10
ManAsString' 10
ProMassAsSingle
ProDenAsSingle
PCombAsSingle
ProUAsString“ 10
ProduAsString“ 10
pkgAsString“ 10
mPkgAsSingle
PngAsString‘lO
nAsInteger
msAsSingle
ScrapuASString“ 10
fAs Single
bAsSingle

rc~As Single

NPro AsInteger

End Type

122

Type MatSwipeSu'uc
Mat As Suing
VCom As Single
MScr AS Single
Reuse As Single
Recy As Single
Comp As Single V
Comb As Single
ProEf As Single
Schac As Single
PFac As Single
Swipe As Single
Convert As Single

End Type

Type InfoSu'uc
pkg As Suing
Mat As Suing
mPkg As Single
Png As Suing *10

nAsInteger

123

degAs String *10
Pkgdu As Suing ’10
rrAs Single

cAs Single
iAsSingle
aAsSingle

eAs Single
mSAsSingle
Scrapu As String " 10
fAs Single

bAs Single
rcAsSingle

W As Single

X1 As Single

X2 As Single
YAsSingle
ZAsSingle

NPro AsInteger

EndType

Global TMat AS Suing

Global PComb As Single

124

Global deg As Suing
Global denPkg As Suing
Global dPr As Suing
Global rr As Single
Global c As Single
Global i As Single
Global a As Single
Global e As Single
Global ms As Single
Global Scrapu As Suing
Global f AS Single
Global b As Single
Global rc As Single
Global W As Single
Global X1 As Single
Global X2 As Single
Global Y As Single
Global Z As Single
Global mPkg AS Suing
Global mPr As Suing
Global 11 As Integer

Global NPro As Integer

125

Global Convert As Single
Global ConvertPro As Single
Global Converthg As Single
Global DataNum AS Integer
Global DataRec As DataSu'uc
Global FName As Suing
Global Unit As Suing

Global TSwipe As Single
Global AIIMat As Integer
Global MatNum As Integer
Global MatCount As Integer
Global Formd As Suing
Global Selection As Integer
Global Mat As Suing

Global VCom As Single
Global MScr As Single
Global Reuse As Single
Global Recy AS Single
Global Comp As Single
Global Comb As Single
Global ProEf AS Single

Global Schac As Single

126

Global PFac As Single

Global Swipe As Single

Global MatSwipeArray(l To 10) As MatSwipeStruc
Global InfoArray(l To 10) As InfoStruc

Global num As Integer

Global ProType As Suing

Global PkgType As Suing

Global ProMass AS Single

Global ProDen As Single

Global ProU As Suing, Produ As Suing

Global Png AS Suing, Pkgdu As Suing

Global Man As Variant

Global Warn As Variant

Global Ques As Variant

Global SelectForm As Integer

Global SelectMat AS Suing

Global AddMat AS Suing

Global Const MB_IconExclamation = 48, MB_IconQuestion = 32
Global Const MBJconStop = 16

Global Const MB_YesNoCancel = 3, MB_YesNo = 4

Global Const IDYes = 6, IDNo = 7, IDCancel = 2

127

Sub Calculation ( )
If InfoArray(MatCount).deg .4. 0 Then
Wam = MsgBox(“Packaging compacted density is unable to evaluate”,
MB_IconStop, “Please Enter”)
MatInfoFrm.Show
Exit Sub
End If
Dim calmPr
If MatCormt = I Then
calmPr = mPr
Else
calmPr = 0
End If
VCom = InfoArray(MatCount).mPkg / InfoArray(MatCormt).deg
MScr = 1 + InfoArray(MatCormt).f * (InfoArray(MatCount).ms /
‘InfoArray(MatCount).mPkg)
Reuse = 1 + InfoArray(MatCount).W ‘ (InfoArray(MatCount).n - l)
Recy = (1 - 1nfoArray(MatCount).X1 "' InfoArray(MatCount).rr) " (l -
‘InfoAnay(MatCount).X2 “ InfoArray(MatCount).rc)
Comp = l - InfoArray(MatCormt).Y " InfoArray(MatCormt).c ‘ (1 -
‘InfoArray(MatCount).e)
Co'mb = l - InfoArray(MatCount).Z “ InfoArray(MatCount).i " (1 -

‘InfoAnayMatCount).a)

128

ProEf = 1 + InfoArray(MatCount).b

Schac = InfoArray(MatCount).f “ InfoArray(MatCount).ms /
‘InfoArray(MatCount).deg "‘ InfoArray(MatCount).rr “ InfoArray(MatCount).X1

PFac = 1nfoArray(MatCount).b "‘ calmPr /dPr "‘ (1 - InfoArray(MatCount).i “
‘InfoArray(MatCount).Z ‘ PComb)

Swipe = ((VCom "' MScr *Recy * Comp * Comb "‘ ProEf / Reuse) + Schac +
‘PFac) INPro

End Sub

Sumeat()

Primer prim Tab(10)- “etcaatenteeeeueeetuseat"structureless-nuns"
’ 9

‘##‘tttttttttfittttt##tlifit*tttttitfitttitttittfitttttttttfiitttittfitttflttfi”

Printer.FontBold = True

Printer.Print Tab(15); “Material Information”

Printer.Print Tab(10); “Material”; Tab(25); “Packaging”; Tab(35); “Mass”;
Tab(45); “Compacted”; Tab(60); “Product Units”; Tab(77); “Number of”

Printer.Print Tab(46); “Density”; Tab(61); “per Package”; Tab(79); “Uses”

Printer.FontBold = False

MatNum = 1

Do While InfoArray(MatNum).Mat <> “ “

IfLeft(InfoArray(MatNum).Pkgdu, 1) = “g” Then

Convert = 454 / (2.54"3)

129

Else
Convert = 1
End If
IfLefianfoArray(MatNum).Png, 1) = “g” Then
mPkg = InfoArray(MatNum).mPkg * 454
Else
mPkg = InfoArray(MatNum).mPkg
End If
Printer.Print Tab(12); InfoArray(MatNum).W Tab(25);
‘InfoAmYWmm-pks; Tab(34); mPkg; Tab(4l); lnfoAmy(MatNum)-Png; Tab(48);
‘InfoArray(MatNum).deg; i Convert; Tab(52); InfoAnay(MatNum).Pkgdu; Tab(64);
‘InfoArray(MatNum).NPro; Tab(79); InfoArray(MatNum).n
, MatNum = MatNum + 1

Loop

 

Printer.Print Tab(10); “

 

Printer.FontBold = True

Printer.Print Tab(10); “Material”; Tab(20); “Fraction”; Tab(35); “Fraction”;
‘Tab(50); “Fraction”; Tab(65); “Fraction”; Tab(80); “Residue”

Printer.Print Tab(20); “Recycled”; Tab(35); “Composted”; Tab(48); Incinerated”;
‘Tab(67); “of Ash”; Tab(80); “Fraction”

Printer.FontBold = False

130

MatNum = 1

Do While InfoAnay(MatNum).Mat <> “ “

Printer.Print Tab(12); InfoArray(MatNum).Mat; Tab(21); InfoArray(MatNum).rr;
‘Tab(37); InfoArray(MatNum).e; Tab(52); InfoArray(MatNum).i; Tab(67);
‘InfoArray(MatNmn).a; Tab(82); InfoArray(MatNum).e

MatNum = MatNum + 1

L00p

 

Printer.Print Tab(10); “

99

 

Printer.FontBold = True
Printer.Print Tab(10); “Material”; Tab(20); “Mass of”; Tab(35); “Fraction”;
‘Tab(50); “Fraction of"; Tab(65); “Recycled”
Printer.Print Tab(21); “Scrap”; Tab(35); “of Scrap”; Tab(49); “Product Damage”;
‘Tab(66); “Content”
Printer.Print Tab(3 5); “Disposed of”
Printer.FontBlod = False
MatNum = 1
Do While InfoArray(MatNum).W <> “ “

IfLeft(1nfoArray(MatNum).Scrapu, 1) = “g” Then

ms = InfoArray(MatNum).ms * 454

Endlf

131

Printer.Print Tab(12); InfoArray(MatNurn).Mat; Tab(21); ms; Tab(27);
‘InfoArray(MatNum).Scrapu; Tab(3 7); InfoArray(MatNum).f; Tab(52);
‘InfoArrayMatNum).b; Tab(67); InfoArray(MatNum).rc

MatNum = MatNum + 1

Loop

 

Printer.Print Tab(10); “

 

Printer.FontBold = True

Printer.Print Tab( 12); “Arbiuary Information for”

Printer.Print Tab(10); “Material”; Tab(20); “Reuse”; Tab(31); “Recycling Rate”;
Tab(46); “Recycled Content”; Tab(65); “Composting”; Tab(80); “Combustion”

Printer.FontBold = False

MatNum = 1

Do While InfoArray(MatNum).W <> “ ”

Printer.Print Tab(12); InfoArray(MatNum).Mat; Tab(21);
‘InfoArrayCMatNum).W; Tab(37); InfoArray(MatNum).X1; Tab(52);
‘InfoArray(MatNum).X2; Tab(67); InfoArray(MatNum).Y; Tab(82);
‘InfoArrayCMatNum).Z

MatNum = MatNum + 1

LOOP

End Sub

132

Sub PPro ()

Printer.FontSize = 10

Printer Print Tab(10)o “ttttttttltltttlttttlttttitttttitttttttttttttttt
° 9

‘ttttttttltt##1##...tttttttttttttttttttttlttttttttttttittttttttittttt*t”

Printer.FontBold = True

Printer.Print Tab(10); “SWIPES values of packaging for ” & ProType & “ by ” &
‘Man

Printer.Print Tab(10); “Product Information”

Printer.Print Tab(12); “Mass ” & ProMass & “ ” & ProU; Tab(30); “Compacted
‘Density ” & ProDen & “ ” & Produ; Tab(65); “Combustible Fraction ” & Pcom

Printer.FontBold = False

End Sub

Sub PSwipe ( )

Dim Unit As Suing

If MatSwipeArray(MatNum).Convert = lThen
Unit = “in"3”
Convert = 1

Else
Unit = “cm"3”
Convert = 2.54"3

EndIf

133

Printer Print Tab(10)- “trunk*ttttttttttttttttttttt*tttttttittdfltttttttt
’ 9

‘t*ttt*tttttttt***#**tt*ttt*ttttttttttttt*ttt********************¥¢****”

Printer.FontBold = True
Printer.Print Tab(15); “SWIPES values in ” & Unit
Printer.Print Tab(10); “Material”; Tab(20); “Compacted”; Tab(35);
“‘Manufacturing”; Tab(50); “Reuse”; Tab(65); “Recycling”; Tab(80); “Composting”
Printer.Print Tab(21); “Volume”; Tab(39); “Scrap”
Printer.Bold = False
MatNum = 1
Do While MatSwipeArray(MatNum).Mat <> “ ”
Printer.Print Tab(12); MatSwipeArray(MatNum).Mat; Tab(22);
‘ (MatSwipeAnay(MatNum).VCom * Convert); Tab(39);
‘MatSwipeArray(MatNum).MScr; Tab(50); MatSwipeArray(MatNum).Reuse; Tab(67);
‘MatSwipeArray(MatNum).Recy; Tab(82); MatSwipeArray(MatNum).Comp
MatNum = MatNum + 1
LOOP

Printer.Print Tab(10); “

 

9,

 

Printer.FontBold = True
Printer.Print Tab(10); “Material”; Tab(20); “Combustion”; Tab(3 8); “Damage”;
Tab(50); “Scrap”; Tab(65); “Product”; Tab(80); “SWIPES Value”

Printer.Print Tab(34); “Compensation”; Tab(53); “Correction Factor”

I34

Printer.FontBold = False
MatNum =1
TSwipe = 0
Do While MatSwipeArray(MatNum).Mat <> “ ”
TSwipe = TSwipe + MatSwipeArray(MatNum).Swipe
Printer.Print Tab(12); MatSwipeArray(MatNum).Mat; Tab(22);
‘MatSwipeArray(MatNum).Comb; Tab(38); MatSwipeArray(MatNum).ProEf; Tab(50);
‘(MatSwipeArray(MatNum).Schac * Convert); Tab(66);
‘(MatSwipeAnay(MatNum).PFac * Convert); Tab(80);
‘(MatSwipeArray(MatNum).Swipe ‘ * Convert)
MatNum = MatNum + 1
LOOP
Printer.Print Tab(20); “Total SWIPES Value is ” & TSwipe & “in"3 or ”&
(T Swipe "‘ (2.54"3)) & “cm"3”

End Sub

Sub SwipeFile ( )
If FName <> “ ” Then
‘ Close #1
FName = “ ”
End If

SelectForm = 4

135

FrmGetFileLstFileTypeClear
FrmGetFileLstFileTypeAddItem “SWIPES Value Files (*.val)”
FrmGetFileLstFileTypeAddItem “All File (*.*)”
FrmGetFileLstFileTypeListIndex = 0
FrmGetFile.TxtFiles.Text = “*.val”

FrmGetFileCaption = “SWIPES Value File Selection”
FrmGetFile.Show

End Sub

Sub SwipeRec ( )
MatNum = 1
Do While MatNum <= 10
If MatSwipeArray(MatNum).Mat = Mat
MatSwipeArray(MatNum).Mat = “ ” Then
Exit Do
End If
MatNum = MatNum + 1
L009
MatSwipeArray(MatNum).Mat = Mat
MatSwipeArray(MatNum).VCom = VCom
MatSwipeArray(MatNum).MScr = MScr

MatSwipeArray(MatNum).Reuse = Reuse

136

MatSwipeArray(MatNum).Recy = Recy
MatSwipeArray(MatNum).Comp = Comp
MatSwipeArray(MatNum).Comb = Comb
MatSwipeArray(MatNum).ProEf = ProEf
MatSwipeArray(MatNum).Schac = Schac
MatSwipeArray(MatNum).PFac = PFac
MatSwipeArray(MatNum).Swipe = Swipe

End Sub

APPENDIX B

MATERIAL DATA IN STANDARD DATA FILE

APPENDIX B

MATERIAL DATA IN STANDARD DATA FILE

File name: stdmatmp

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Material' 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Compacted Density .00536 .00536 .01680 .0600 .01586 .01758 .01436
(Linn‘3)

Fraction Recycle .634 .091 .555 .246 .159 .142 .019
Fraction Composted 0 0 .05 0 .05 .05 0
Fraction Incinerated 0 0 .2 0 .02 .02 .18
Fraction of Ash after I l .01 l .01 .01 .03

Combustion
Fraction Residue after Compost l I .05 l .01 .01 0

Screen

Reuse Value .7 .7 .7 .8 .8 .7 .8
Recycling Rate Value .6 .6 .6 .6 .6 .65 .45
Recycling Content Value .5 .5 .5 .5 .5 .55 .4
Composting Value .2 .2 .4 O .4 .4 .2
Combustion Value .2 .2 .3 0 .4 .4 .2

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1 is Aluminum (Beer & Soft Drink Can)
2 is Alunimun (Others)

3 is Corrugated Board

4 is Glass

5 is Paper

6 is Paperboard

7 is Plastic Film

137

 

138

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Material. 8 9 10 l I 12 l3 l4
Compactor! Density .01436 .01436 .01436 .01715 .0120 .02175 .02175
(thm‘3)

Fraction Recycle .019 .236 ..411 .047 .463 .140 0
Fraction Composted 0 0 0 0 0 .3 0
Fraction Incinerated .18 .18 .18 .18 0 .3 .15
Fraction of Ash after .03 .03 .03 .03 1 i' .3 0

Combustion
Fraction Residue after Compost 0 0 0 0 1 .05 0 '
Screen
Reuse Value .8 .8 .8 .6 .9 .9 .7
Recycling Rate Value .45 .45 .45 .45 .65 .4 , .4
Recycling Content Value .4 .4 .4 .4 .7 .2 .4
Composting Value .2 .2 .2 .2 0 .3 .2
Combustion Value .2 .2 .2 .2 0 .3 .2
‘Note
8 is Plastic (Rigid Containers)
9 is Plastic (HDPE Milk Bottles)
10 is Plastic (PET Soft Drink Bottles)
11 is Plastic (Non—film of Rigid Containers)
12 is Steel
13 is Wood

14 is Other Miscellaneous

 

"Illlllllllllllll‘

 

   
 

‘dn

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in.

and.

.—