THE LEAFHOPPERS 0F MECHtGAN EXCLUDING THE
SUBFAMILIES AIHYSANINAE AND CICADELLINAE

(HOMQPTERA, CECADELLIDAE)

ThesSS gor- i‘he Degree of DH. D.
MICHEAN ”HE UNWERSETY
Oscar Taboada
1957

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This is to certify that the

thesis entitled
.The Leafhoppers of Michigan excluding the Subfamilies

.Athysaninae and Cicadellinae (Homoptera, Cicadellidae)

presented by

Hr. Oscar Taboada

has been accepted towards fulfillment
of the requirements for

_Eh._D_._ degree in mm

fli mine

Jajor professor

Date fl 31 N (52' ,4" 1 7Lj§7

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THE LEAFHOPPERS or MICHIGAN EXCLUDING THE
SUBFAMILIES ATHYSANINAE AND crcwmmm
(Homomm, CICADELLIDAe)

By
Oscar Taboada

AN ABSTRACT

Submitted to the School for Advanced Graduate Studies of
Michigan State University of Agriculture and
Applied Science in partial fulfillment of
the requirements for the degree of

DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY

Department of Entomology

Year 1957

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OSCAR TABOADA AN ABSTRACT

This work is a faunistic study of the family Cicadellidae or leaf-
hoppers of Michigan, excluding the subfamilies Athysaninae and Cicadelli-
nae. Keys for the identification of 87 species in the subfamilies Tetti-
goniellinae, Evacanthinae, Penthemiinae, Jassinae, Dorydiinae, Ledrinae,
Xestocephalinae, Aphrodinae, Eurymelinae, Macropsinae, Agallinae, Gyponinae
and Bythoscopinae are included. Brief descriptions of the higher groups
and of each species are given, with notations on the available taxonomic
information, known hosts, economic importance and distribution in the

United States with particular emphasis on Michigan.

T"E erx CPPERS CF "Is"
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Anrlicd Science in nartit :lfillment of
the require'xltts for the

degree of

DOCi‘C-R CF PT? TILCSCPI TY

Depart. 111‘ of :12”;

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1957

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Particular acknowledgement is made to Prof. Ray Hatson,

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"€"fl, .Jcp;:,rt77;e7 t 0: 5:37.10.- eloev fit *ilC 1.77. .71 state university

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for his valu;hle suggestions and advice derive the author's

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cm 71.7.." (:7; .7. w. .01. 7.77. -1 .5; many 1 tell-.. 15;. 77v." -7..." 7,] e to 4131.
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Fischer, unzle _- 7.7.7.5Jse (77.7.7. 71:: .70.) was 77.117.775.071 pt was compiled.

The author is [33721701771 to Dr. Julius R. Yofflimn, Depart-
nent of Entomology, Michireh State Cniversitv, for doing

.
u

most of the photography work contained herein. Arprecia-

O
3
H.
U)

ti xpressed to Mr. Gilliam Drew and other members of
the Department for their helpful assistance.

Grateful acknowledgement is five to it. Dwight E. UeTong,
of the Ohio State University for letting the author study
many types in his leafhopper collection and for his valua-
ble advice on this work.

The author extends his sincere thanks to Dr. Robert
Dreishach of the Dow Chemical Co. for the use of his leaf-
hopper data in his private collection and the loan of some
Specimens for study, and to Drs. H. thbell and T. Moore
of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, for

making facilities and specimens of the museum available to

him.

O- 0

II.
III.
IV.
V.

VI.

. v ... -
17.77.7377? 517 cc
4 _‘-—H K, L‘AJI‘\

II‘Tl‘ 11C DI’CI‘ IC‘N . . . . . . . .
REVI.’T.‘." ( F 1.3 L‘TIL‘QIUILE. . . .
lulIITIICDS. . . . . . . . . . .
DISC‘USSICN AND iUkSL’ITS. . .
SLl-il‘~L\RY . . . . . . . . . .

I.I'.?‘Ji.i=’..\l‘URIi CITED. . . . . .

I. INTRODUCTION

The Cicadellidae or leafhoppers comprise one of the
largest families in the insect world. Van Duzee (1917) lists
about 500 species for the United States and Canada, and at
present there are about 3000 Species in the Nearctic region.

Most of the Species have been described within the last
thirty years. Perhaps the realization that this group as a
whole is of major economic importance has directed attention
to it and.has given impetus to the large wnount of taxonomic
work that has been done in this field within recent years.
Leafhoppers are all plant feeders and many species are pests
of economic crops. They can inflict serious damage to plants
and several species are known to transmit plant diseases.
Sikty species are now known to be vectors of virus diseases
and many more have been incriminated.

In North America there are 13 subfamilies of leafhoppers
which include 226 genera. This study includes all species
belonging to 15 of the la subfamilies found in michigan. The
purpose of this study was to compose keys for the identifica-
tion of the Species found in the state, or those which may
occur here, and to summarize available information pertaining
to taxonomic work, known hosts, economic importance and dis-
tribution of each species in the United States with particular
emphasis on Michigan. In all, 87 species are listed in this
'work. The author believes on the basis of intensive collec-

tion records in the literature from similar faunal areas that

perhaps a total of 600 species may be found in the state of
Michigan.

Every effort has been made to make this work as complete
as possible. However, it should be realized that work of
this type is never concluded. The family Cicadellidae is
composed of many species with different habits and from day
to day new species are discovered and others extend their
known ranges. Nevertheless, this work will suffice for those
Species found in general collecting, and it is hoped, then,
as an objective or aim of fliis work, to aid the student in
their identification, to convey information of different
species for possible studies of their habits and ecology,
and contribute to the knowledge of this group in this section

of the country.

II. REVIEW OF LITERKTURE

There have been only a few systematic treatises of the
Cicadellidae at the state level in the United States. Some
of the earliest works of this nature are by Osborn (1915)
for the state of Maine and DeLong (1916) for the state of
Tennessee. Soon after, the works of Lathrop (1919) for South
Carolina, and Lawson (1920) for Kansas appeared. Later a
similar work was published for Connecticut by DeLong (1923).
Osborn (1928) published on the cicadellids of Ohio, and
Johnson (1933) published her work on.the newly enlarged sub-

family Typhlocybinae for file smne state. Within recent years

 

the latest works on the leafhopper fauna of a state have been
published include those of Medler (1942) for Minnesota and

UeLong (1948), who excluded the large subfamily Cicadellinae

 

because it was under revision, for the state of Illinois.

On somewhat larger boundaries there have been two
excellent publications. The most recent one was that by
Bierne (1956) for Canada and alaska, Cman.(1949) classified
the genera and included a checklist of the leafhopper Species
of the Nearctic region.

There have been countless revisions of all leafhopper
genera. Citations of the revisions for some of the genera
are given in the text. Some of the latest revisions in the
subfamilies Athysaninae and Cicadellinae, which are not
included in this paper, are as follows: Beamer (1938)

Acinopterus, (1935) Alapus and Hebecephalus; Bierne (1952)

 

 

Macrosteles, (1954) Streptanus; Christian (1953) Typhlocygg;

 

 

 

DeLong (1926) Deltocephalus, (1936) Blygana, (1937) Qikran-

 

eura, (1937) Cyperana and Paluda, (1939) Scaphoideus, (1936)

 

 

Forcipata, (1937) Graminella; Hepner (1942) Alieia- Knull

*’

 

(1946) Bandara; Lindsay (1940) Norvellina; Oman (1938) tribe

Errhomenellini. Presently under revision is the Erythroneura

 

by H. H. Ross, at the Illinois Natural History Survey.

III. METMCDS

Before this study was initiated a preliminary study was
made to establish the extent of the leafhopper collection in
the university's entomology museum. It was found that
although only a few leafhoppers were identified to species
there were about twenty thousand unidentified Specimens
which had already been collected at different areas of the
state. The writer was very fortunate in having such a large
number as a beginning for a study of this nature. The uni-
dentified specimens were identified to subfamily and their
collection lata were recorded (Plate 1). However, it was
assumed that these leafhoppers were obtained in the course
of general collecting for the museum and that no particular
attention was given to type of habitat. It was also noted
that there were several areas, particularly the Upper Pennin-
sula, where hardly a leathopper had been collected. The
following plan was initiated and eventually executed in order
to cover the whole state. From the Spring of 1954 to the
fall of the same year, and subsequently in similar periods
of the years 1955 and 1936, an attempt was made to fill in
the areas not previously collected. Particular attention
was given to qualitative collecting by collecting in differ-
ent types of habitats. The last week of August and the first
week of September, 1954, and the first two weeks of July
1935, were spent in the Upper Penninsula in order to bring

into balance, as much as possible, the collecting in that

 
 
   
 

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COLLECTION SITES OF LEAIWOPPERS IN VARIOUS STATE COLLECTIONS
PREVIOUS TO THIS STVDY

0 Museum of fixtomology, Michigan State University
4’ Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan
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portion of the state with the collecting in the Lower
Penninsula. The rest of the state was covered by collecting
in the same types of habitats at different times of the
collecting period (Plate 2). The material obtained was
identified during the inactive seasons (fall, winter and
Spring). At the end of the collecting program the writer
had collected about ten to twelve thousand Specimens. When
these were combined with the several hundred unidentified
specimens fr m the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan,
and the Species data from the private collection of Dr. Robert
lDreisbach, Midland, Michigan, it was assumed that the state
had been thoroughly surveyed.
The usual method of collecting was to sweep most of the
\rezgetation in a selected area with a sweeping net. Christian

(1953) observed that populations in the genus Typhlocyba

 

shift during the day for several species. He believed the
shift was caused by difference in temperature or light inten-
:sixtjr or a combination of both factors. The writer, assuming
tiizrt: the same factors cause the same effects in Species of
<3tl1cur groups, collected in the Shade and light or sunlight
arwaass of trees and shrubs. Barticular attention was given to
Iplaxrtus that were suspected of harboring or known to harbor a
group or specific species of leafhoppers. Sometimes an
aSPir ator was used to collect leafhoppers from undersides of
leaves before sweeping with the net. No special type of

Support or ladder was carried, but an effort was made to reach

 

 

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10

the higher branches. This insured the extensive and as much
as possible the complete coverage of the plant. After each
collection the contents of the net, whether it be from an
area containing a meadow, a group of shrubs or a particular
type of plant, was placed in one of twelve killing jars. For
this purpose, one-quart wide-mouth carbon tetrachloride, or
one-pint wide-mouth Mason jars with cyanide were used. The
wide mouth jars were used because it was easier to place the
contents of the net in them. The contents of the jar were
later transferred to a metal pill box so that the jar was
available for re-use.

Often, but not always, an ultraviolet light trapl was
also used for collecting. This light trap was not used
according to the manufacturer's recomnemiation which suggests
the use of cyanide. Instead it was used as a light source
for a white Sheet, which proved to be practical in that the
leafhoppers could be aspirated from the sheet, thus time
consumed in sorting them from other insects was eliminated.
Electricity was readily available for the trap either at camp
sit es or near the writer's overnight lodging. The trap was
placed in a selected area, often using over three hundred
feet of cord to reach the chosen location.

The specimens were mount ed on card points in order to
aVOid pinning the insect directly through the body. This

Prevant ed distortion of the dimensions of the pronota and

 

the Glcardner Black light indicator trap, manufactured by
ardner Manufacturing Co., Horicon, Wisconsin.

 

 

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prevented breaking the insects on further handling. A
colorless nail polish was found best to use as an adhesive
in adhering the body of the insect to the card. The sternal
area of the insect was adhered to the point, rather than the
side of the thorax which is the conventional way. This in-
creased the Speed and facility of adhering the specimens to
the card point, and the abdomen of the male specimens was
severed much more easily. The use of forceps, as is custo-
Inary, in grasping the tips of the wings of the specimen in
(order to place it on the card was discontinued early in this
:study. It was found that no matter how careful one intended
‘t<3 be, the tips of the wings where diagnostic characters were
lxpcated were sometimes torn off. As a substitute, the tech-
Ilquue of placing the specimens on fileir dorsal sides by roll-
.iiagg them gently with a blunt instrument and ”picking” them
run ‘uith the point containing the adhesive proved useful.

Many workers have used several techniques with many
Inc>clifications in preparing the male genitalia for study.
Young (1952) aptly relates,

’"Techniques are, in file final analysis, individual
inatters, and there are probably as many techniques
and modifications of techniques as there are ex-
lgerts. Any technique whiCh will make the internal
ruale genitalia available for study under very high
znagnification is a suitable one for this group of
:insects, provided the structures are not dmnaged

in the process. "

1319 ‘Vliiter used the following technique very successfully.
'1‘
tr"? €3313ire abdomen was removed frOm the SpCC1men by inverting

t1~- ° . . ~ ~ °
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the edge of a flat surface, such as a table or a desk, and
letting the dorsal part of the insect lie evenly on the table
near the edge. Then pressure Was applied to the base of the
abdomen with a blunt instrugtzent, and the severed abdomen was
placed in a Syracuse watch glass containing ten percent KOM
solution. Ten pairs of such glasses, one containing the
caustic potash and the other distilled water, were used.
Heat, which is usually used to enhance the dissolution of
he sclerotized parts, was not used. Instead all the ”clear-
.ing” w.s done at room temperature in the series of paired
gjlasses mentioned above. It was found that when an abdomen
unas placed in the last watch glass the first was pale enough
-t<3 be studied or was soft enough for the genital capsule to
1363 opened, in which case the other abdomens were ready in
tziee order they were placed in the watch glasses. Each abdo-
inc2rz when ready was removed and placed in a watch glass con-
‘taijnaing water. The specimen itself was pinned to a strip of
balsa wood next to the watch glass containing its respective
ad>cicnnen. As soon as the abdomens were transferred from the
caustic potash solution to the water another series of abdo-
mens , prepared in the manner mentioned above, could be placed
5J1 1:110 solution. One set of genitalia was studied while the
filllmaxving set was in the KOH. Each abdomen remained in the
‘Nat€¥r' for at least five minutes, and before each one was stu-
died it was placed in a smaller watch glass or well glass
Slide Containing glycerine. The next step was to study the

801‘ . . . .
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the entire insect and

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\

The usual magnification used to study

the male genitalia was 40, and soz.1eti1:2cs when studying

smaller Specimens low power was used. Several times it was
necessary to open the genital capsule in order to have the

diagnostic parts clearly exposed. This was done by the use

of two minuten pins (Minuten nadeln), each inserted on a

match stick which served as a handle, to tear away enough of

the capsule to expose the genitalia. The needles were used

to tease away undesirable parts and manipulated in such a

xnanner as not to injure or dislocate any valuable part, such

:15 a style or an aedeagus in the capsule. When the deter-

urination was made the genitalia were transferred to a 4x101mi.
1ncicrovia1 containing three or four drops of glycerine for

:51:orage. The vial was then corked and the pin bearing the

.s;7<ecimen was inserted at an angle so that the vial lay

r<>tighly 45 degrees from the pin, and in this position the

glycerine is not in contact with the corlc.

There were rare occasions when it was difficult to study

tilG) ‘venation or cells of wings in situ, because of the curva-

ttirwe or opaqueness of the wing, or the reflection of light.

thieui his situation occurred it was necessary to remove the
xvirw; 'to study it. The body of a pin was slipped under the

tip of the wing and eased toward the base. When near the
K7OJJ11I (of articulation, the pin was given a gentle lift, thus

breaking the wing off. The wing was then placed on a glass
microscope slide, and xylol was added to keep it flat.

in . 1
10thu31: slide was used as a cover and tne mount was placed

 

 

 

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under the microscope.

The method used in making drawings proved to be more
tine-consuming than difficult, and because of the difference
in size of many species, 40, so and 1&0 magnifications were
used. Whenever genitalia are studied or drawn, several
workers use pieces of glass to prop the structure which is
submerged in glycerine in order to observe the appropriate
angles. In his study it was not deemed necessary because
only the lateral and ventral views were used, and the vis-
cosity of the glycerine was sufficient to keep the structure
iJl‘thC desired place. In order to get the same proportions
cxf the Specimen in the actual drawing, a grid was used in the

<Dczular of the microscope and a piece of ruled paper which
ssjinulated the grid was placed under a sheet of onion skin
‘pu1gaer on which the drawing was made with a soft lead pencil.
irrier next step was to invert the onion skin paper on sketch-
irig: paper. A pencil held at an angle and with pressure was
used to shade over the whole drawing. ' he pressure thus
exert ed would transfer the outline of the drawing onto the
sketching paper. The finished drawing was obtained by going

(“’81: “the lines with a crow quill pen and india ink.

 

 

 

 

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IV. DISCISSICK RED KLJKLLS

The leafhoppers belong to the order Uomoptera and they
can be distinguished from the other families by the presence
of two rows of spines on the hind tibia. The absence or the
presence and position of the ocelli, together with the shape
of the vertex, the frontal sutures, the clypeus, the lora,
and to some extent, the wing venation, are uscd to group the
subfamilies. The aforementioned areas and the presence of a
number of cells or crossveins in the forewings and to a
lesser extent, coloration and cells of the hind wings serve
to separate them into the genera. The species are largely
separated on the basis of wing venat ion, male genitalic
structures, the shape of the female seventh sternite, and

coloration, although the latter is less reliable.
Morphological terminology in this work has been limited
to that which is necessary in the keys and descriptions, and
no details or definitions of structures are given here.
Hourever, the terms used are those which have been used by
taxonomists of the Cicadellidae for a long time. Plate 4
illustrates a generalized leafhopper with labelled parts so
that the reader may find the areas used in the keys. For a
more detailed account relating to leafhopper morphology, the
reader is referred to such excellent works as Evans (1940),
01:18.11 (1949), Kramer (1950), and Young (1952).

Under the descriptions of each Species in this work a

s o o e o. J.’ 1.-
eDarate paragraph is given for distrimttion. whenever

 

 

 

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10

 

possible each state is given, but often for the sake of
brevity or when knowledge of the distribution is lacking,a
generalized area is given. The United States has been divi-
ded into the following general areas for this purpose. The
"northeastern” region includes New England, New York,
Pennsylvania and south to North Carolina; the “southeastern"
region includes North Carolina, South Carolina, Florida, and
west to Alabama, Tennessee and Kentucky. Occasionally these
two regions are referred to as the "eastern” states. The
Wuiddlewestern“ region, or middlewest, embraces Ohio, Ken-
tucky, west to Kansas in the south and Minnesota in the
north. The "southern" region is composed of five states,
Tennessee, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana and Arkansas.
The "southwest" region includes, Texas, Oklahoma, New Mexico
and Arizona. The "western“ region is the largest, which
includes the Dakotas, south to Oklahoma, California in the
west and Montana in the north. The “northwestern" region
includes Idaho, Oregon and Washington.

Michigan is divided according to the three biotic areas
of the Michigan Conservation Department (Plate 2). The
"Upper Penninsula" and the "Lower Penninsula" which is divi-
ded into the "Northern Lower Penninsula“ and the “Southern
LOWer Penninsula.“ These two areas are divided by a line
running from east to west along the northern border of the
£011.0‘v‘1ing counties: Saginaw, Gratiot, Montcalm, Kent and
Ottatva-

The work uhost plant" as used in this work, means

 

merely that the adult was collected from the mentioned

References to specimens from the University of Michigan,
the Dreisbach, the Below; and the author's collections, are
indicated with their respective initials in brackets, such
as Elli], @efl, and [03. Umuarked references indicate
specimens from the Michigan State University collection.
Most of the specimens recorded in this study are in the

Cicadellidae section of the Entomology Museum of Michigan

St at 8 Univ ersit y .

Key to Subfamilies

l. Ocelli on face (Fig. 113).. z

Ocelli proximal to 1:1argin of vertex, on disc of ver-

tex or 4

(LbselltOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOCOCOO00.0.00...

2. Frontal sutures ending near ocelli; anterior margin

of pronotum not xtended beyond anterior margins

of eYGSOoooooooo0.00.00.00.000000000000 Btlrylzlelinaef.ll
Frontal sutures ending at ant ennal pits; anterior
111argin of pronotum ext ending; beyond anterior

Inargins Of eye (Fig. 6)....000000coo-000.900.0000. 3

Hindrvings with three apical cells. . . ..Macropsinae p. 4-1

 

nlndx-Jixigs with four apical cells. . . . . . .Agallinae 13- 61

 

Fore‘i‘J'ing-ts with numerous hairs (Fig. 42) . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

- - ..............................i3x’choscopiln_s p. 115

F gv‘ 0 . o ..
orehlnfis without hairs....-.----o--o------------°-°- 3

Ho

{7 1

Explanation of Plate 4

’
I

1. Idaocerus lacnrrtalis, A;

adult, 3; ventral view

of the, seventh, eighth and ninth sterna of the male,

s

) V

k)

C; ventral view 0; C¢C seventh, eivhtl ard tinth

"- 3"“ 1’7 3-“. f
SL’.-.;..=.U. OJ. one C21!

‘ '. ‘ ‘ e: C ‘1' ‘ 9‘ v
geiltalla or the hale, E;

‘le, D; ventral view of the externa

.f.‘
L

rental View of head.

 

 

 

 

PROMOTION

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1O

 

 

 

 

man “one
3¢UTILLUN
own new.
commune: . mu. ecu.
MI‘IIAPICM.
u
amen. cuu
annual:
VALVI artnuuu
pvoorcu
PLAT! .
pvcorn ovwouroa
no
“one“ “(Ll-W
noun F
ruous ’
AIDIAOUS q
GINA
LOIA ‘ 7
t! \cunus
Plate b

n o- | f N. ¢‘-. '. -‘ "‘ ""“ ' "" ""7' “‘ 3" \J--l‘- \ ' V" 1- ‘ ‘l4‘.
3. A nexwiu; carlna on we: \M.cdxquh)t.(l enter unn;.f1om

... ' ‘ l P P ‘w a'xJ‘ ‘5 I": J' " T“ v T: . "
“1(le C}. .ls..t 1.1..I“_,_.ll -O C C.- 339 (-- f. 7)o----0

L .

OOOOOOOOOOOOCQOO0.000.000.00000..13“"?chlritfij_nzle I_).160

 

Median carina occasionally present on vertex but
always lacking or anterior margin................ 6
6. Ocelli on disc of vertex (Fig. 2)................... 7
Ocelli, if present, on margin (Fig. 8), or proxhnal

to margin of vertex, never on disc............... 10

‘1

. Frontal sutures extending over the anterior margin
of vertex and terminating at or near ocelli

(Fig. 31)........................Tettigoniellinae p.75,

 

Frontal sutures terminating below anterior margin
Of vertex (Fig.2).oooooooo0.000000000000000900000 8

8. In profile, face concave (Fig. OOB)..Pcnthimiinae p. 151

 

Face 1101: COIlcaveooooOooo0.000.000.00000000000000o... 9
9. (llypeus small; frons elonga e and almost parallel

Sidedooooo0.000.....0.0000IOOOOOOOOOIOQLedrinae 13.150

 

(Ilypeus large; frons expanding dorsad (Fig. 4),,,,,,

o.00000000000000000.0000...0000000...GErpOninae P0119

 

10- FIRDntal sutures almost parallel, recurved at tenni-
nus; ledge above antennal pit oblique (Fig. 5)...
.......................................Jassinae p.158
Frcnrtal sutures diverging dorsad, if almost parallel,
Iaot recurved at terminus; ledge above antenna
I>it, then present, transverse.....................ll
ll”"Ant<:nnal pits with a distinct ledge above (Fig. 4)..

C000.000.00.00...09.900000000009000Aphroginae p.107

 

Antennal pits without a distinct ledge above....... 12
1d. Forewings with veins not branching on disc and
crossveins before apical crossveins absent, if

‘ ‘

branching on disc veins indistinct basally;
ocelli often absent.................Ci {d 1°1a
Forewings with veins branching on disc or cross-
veins present before crossveins of apical cells;
brachypterous or macropterous; ocelli usually
present......................................... 15

13.. Ocelli equidistant from middle of vertex and eyes

(Fig. 8)......................Xestocephalinae p.11ul

 

Ocelli nearer the eyes than middle of vertex....... 14
14. .Anterior margin of vertex thin, sharp and folia-
ceous and usually strongly produced (Fig. 3)....

...................................Dorydiinae p.;15f

 

fitnterior margin of vertex rounded, sometimes

angled, but not thin and foliaceous..Athysaninae

 

Subfamily EURYMELINAE

Ifiae.members of this group are easily recognized because
of tlugir wedge-shaped appearance. In addition, they have a
'Shortr‘vertex with the ocelli on the face; the frontal sutures
lyy‘paéfis the base of the antenna and terminate close to the
0CX211i., The elytra have a 1arge and conspicuous appendix.

Tinis subfamily is represented in North America by only

on (Y 3 ‘ ° "
e oCnuS, Idiocerus. According to Oman (1949), the only

 

 

h

 

 

 

Explanation of Plate 5

Xerophloea viridis,dorsal View of head.

 

Parabolocratus viridis,lateral view of head.

 

Aphrodes flavostrigata, frontal View of head.

 

Jassus olitorius, frontal View of head.

 

Oncopsis variabilis, dorsal View of head.

 

Evacanthus acuninatus, dorsal view of head.

 

Xestocephalus nigrifrons, dorsal View of head.

 

 

 

 

head.

 

8 3 IIO'HLOIA VICIDIO

 

4 APOIIRODIS 'LAVOOTIICA‘I’A

25

Q3

8 'AIAIOLOCIAT U. V III DI.

(A\

I OISOP’II VAR|AIILIS

3 JA880$ OLI TORI“!

 

7 EVACAUTHUS acumu‘rus

Plate 5

 

O IISTOCIPHALUO NIGIIIIOI.

other genus in the Americas is Zinneca, which is found in

the Neotropical region.

IDIOCERUS Lewis

Idiocerjis; Lewis, R. H. 1835. Trans. Ent. Soc. London. 1: 4'].

These are wedge-shaped leafhoppers. The head is wider
than pronotum; eyes appearing; bulbous; ocelli on face and

close to each other. Vertex with broadly rounded front,

short and parallel margin; pronotum broad. lilytra long,
narrow with a broad appendix. Color variation is extensive
and only a linited number of Species can be definitely iden-
tifi ed by external markings. individuals may exhibit vari-
ation not only in color but also in the male genitalia. In
many instances pepulations exhibit color and genitalic grad-
ients, in which case limits are difficult to establish and
identifications of these members are difficult and many times
impossible to ascertain. P. Ludwig, of the Dow Chemical Co.,
Midland, Michigan, has undertaken to revise this group.
This group is distributed throughout most of North
America, south from the limits of the tree-line, in lowlands
and hir-h altitudes wherever the food plants are found. One

spec-"Les, suturalis Fitch, has been found in mountains in

 

Canada, at an elevation of 7,000 ft.; another, alternatus,

at 3,300 ft. Food plants consist mainly of Salix, iuniperus,

 

an , .
‘1 P02111115, and to a lesser extent Crateagus, faxodium,

Gr . , . . .
wria, Ribes, Libocedrus and on the fruit bearing

 

plants of Pyrus and firunus.
There are over is 1ty species and many subspecies occur-

ing in the United States, twelve of which occur in Michigan.

Key to Species

l. Vertex with two round black spots or markings 0, often
brO‘vnislloooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo 2:
Vertex without definite marking s..................... 8

2. Vertex with two round black spots (frequently reduced

in males of lachgntxalis) and a tre 12sverse black

 

1

llanhoooooooo.00.000.000.000.00.000.000.000...00000 3
Vertex with a transverse black band, often fused with

rothld Spots.00......000000000C.COOCOOOOCIGvCIIrAXx-llalis

 

3. Pale green or yellowish in color with a contrast ing
brown band along connissul a1 line of elytra (Fig .
9)...........................................sno‘.-:i

Color not as above nor comxissural band present...... 4

4- Clavus with a contra st inc yellow band border ed

ant or orly by a da r3: brown or black band. . . . . . . . . .

00.00.0000.cooo00.000.00.000.-OOOOOOOOQRrOV0.::C!-1€ri

 

Clavus without a yellow band. .... . . . ...... ........ ... 5
5- Round black spots on vertex large, close to eyes.....

. ...........................................f;i_1:_§_1}_i_
Round black spots on vertex small, rarely faint...... 6
Veins of cerium interrupt ed with \.:hite areas; mall,

5. 5 mm or less; aedeagal processes short, last

Ventral segment of female not strongly produced

 

 

26

at center of posterior margin.................... 7
‘Vrains of cerium not as above; larger, 5.5-5.0 mm.;
processes longer; posterior margin of last ven-
tral segment of female strongly produced. (Pig.
l)...................................lachrymalis
7. Earfli style with two prominent spines; dorsal arm of
aedeagus transversely elongate to sharp pointed
process (Fig. 1113); seventh sternum of female
slightly produced, notched at cortex: to form a
13road round lobe on each side of meson..alternatus
Bach style with a single prominent spine; dorsal arm
<>f aedeagus small and round; seventh sternum of
i?emale roundedly produced with a shallow mesal
ruotch on posterior margin (Fig. 10)........varius
5' A dadszbrown band on commissural line, often broad,
. rweaching posterior margin of pronotum and broken
Ert clavus...............................§gturalis
Ikuud zibsent from commissural 1ine.................... 9
9' StY1£BS with two prominent Spines at apex; dorsal arm
Of? aedeagus snall and round (Fig. 14); posterior
Inargin of last ventral segment of female broadly
arxl rounded produced, central portion produced
t’eYond rounded margin....................pa11idus
Stylets with a single prominent spine at apex; dorsal
arhl transversely produced; seventh sternite of

felilale n01: as a;)oveo..o.ooooooooo0.00000000000000010

 

 

a7

10. Styles narrowed to apex; aegleagus with short pro-
cesses, dorsal arm thinly projected laterally;
seventh sternite of female truncate.....nervatus

Ertyles almost parallel-margined; aedeagns with
longer processes and arising subapically (Fig.
13); seventh sternum of fenale concave on either

side of a produced median third. . . . . . . . . . . . duzeei

Idiocerus snowi Gillette h Baker

*—

Idiocerus snowi Gillette, C.P. 8: C. F. Baker. 1895.

 

Colo. Ag. Exp. Sta. Bul. 31, p. 79.

Length 5.25-5.75 mm. Over-all color pale green or
Yellowish-green. Face yellow or yellowish-green with two
round black syots on vertex; pronotwn and scutelltn un-

marked. Elytra subhyaline yella.'ish-green with con-

0

trasting narrow dark brown stripe along comnissural
line (Fig. 9), sozzzetiztzes faint; apex of elytra often
5‘101‘13’. Antennae of male without discs. Aedeagus with

lateral processes short and arisi1‘1g at about half the
d. . 9 J ' I
lStallCC of the shaft; snaft narrow zthCl‘ILOl‘ to the

Grin W " - ' . .J
no-1. 01- processes, almost parallel Iaargjtizted u'i‘h a

so. ‘_ a . . .
“1 rounded apex. styles arcnin" ou wardly, the inner

L.)

Mara“ . ' '1‘
0111 a. little depressed near apex; outer margin \‘Iltn a

r0“, ‘ 0
or Short spines. Seventh sternum of female convcxly

r011] a °
Idea and snallowly emarginate nesally.

Fhis Species may be distinguished from suturalis

 

Explanation of Plate 6

Fig. 9. Idiocerus snowi, adult.

 

Fig. 10. Idiocerus variusl A; seventh sternum of female,

 

3; dorsal view of aedeagus of nale.

Fin. 11, ldiocerus alternetus, 1; adult, 3

 

view 01 aeieagus of male.

of male.

; dorsal

1.191. 12. Idiocerus nervatus, dorsal view of geneagus

Fig. 13. Idiocerus duzeei, dorsal view of modem us of

1.20910 .

<ig. l4. Idiocerus pallidus, dorsal view of neieagus of

male.

 

which it resembles by the Spots on the vertex and the
structure of the male genitalia.

The writer has cellected this species from Salix,
its reportedifocd plant, and 'itll an ultraviolet light
trap.

Distribution: Throughout most of the country. This
species is very nmnerous in the Lower Penninsula of
Michigan. NLP. (July S-Aug. £3), Manistee Co: Manistee;
hecesta Ce: Berland; Midland Co; Missauhee Co: Lake
City; Muskegon Co: Muskegen hts.; Roscom on Co: Moughton
Lake. SLP. (July S-Aug. 22), Berrien Co.; Clinton Co:
UeWitt; Ingham Co: Aurelius, East Lansing, Dansville;

Jackson Co: Jackson; Kent Co: Alto: Monroe Co: LaSalle.

Idiocerus suturalis Fitch

 

Iciocerus sutura 1s Fitch, A. 1851. L.Y. Sta. Lniv.

 

 

 

 

R: g. Ann. Rep. 4: 59.

Leng gth 5.0- 6. 0 mm. Background color pale-green or
yollowish-green. A wide, sometimes narrow, or faint
dark brown stripe along commissural line, often inter-
rupted at apex and middle of clavus. Scutellum and
Posterior margin often brown. Elytra 1ya Mi towards
outer .Iqxargin; apex often snohy. Male antennae with
black elongate discs. Aedea as narrow with U31.Wi18

parallel except for the base; lateral processes short

I". '.' 1 -‘ '°
anu arising near apex of saaft. Styles arcning outwardly

v: "q ~- -. o ‘“ ' J‘ " 1 I V ': J.‘ . ' -- ‘ ‘ \ V ~. ‘ ’2 "

-.;.th Marl ins alnes L. halal» .31, “it 1 s It apical shine.
~ _- r ridil. . 1mm . . 1 M , J...

SGVCfltYl;3tQIlltC?<m. -rhulxt Leun atd; jproav c Irnr- trun-

cate mesally.

In

12115 5' ceies 15 elsely all: er: to 52101.71 and

 

1‘ H

'1‘.I¢tl\.- r“ ‘ .‘t '7' I. "‘l'(“ (j K" ‘tT‘Ix ‘f"\"1",'. f.“~r'\"‘ A J‘1\
H1; h,~.CI’1 1&1 1 . inc QWVCJCA 01 He lQLuUL\ Q;V°° on the

O
54
(of

vertex, the male genitalia and he last ventral seg:

of female will distiz'uish it from that syecies.

’J

Salix, yODulus and Betula are the food plants. It
has been found in the Canadian Rockies at altitudes of
7,0C0 feet. The writer has collected this seecies from
noplar sapplings along the shore of Lake Buyerior and
with an ultraviolet light trap.

Distri utien: Very common in the eastern states
and west to Colorado. This species is numerous and can

f‘ o

be collected in most areas or Mien-gan. UP. (July 7-Aua.

o
7) Keweenaw Co: Isle Royale; Marquette Co: Marquette;
Cntonagon Co: Silver City. NLP. (July l3-Aug. 12) Che-
boygan Co: Cheboygan; Kalhasha Co.; Mecosta Co.; Midland
Co.; Missaukee Co: Lake City; Montmorcncy Co: Atlanta;
Oscoda Co: Luzerne; Ctsego Co: Vanderbilt. SLP. (July 5-
Aus. 19) Clinton Co: Witt; Gratiot Co.; Ingham Co:

Dansville, East Lansing; Jackson Co.; Kalamazoo Co.

Idiocerus pallidus Fitch

 

1' . «- . ~— - ' v
Itloccrus halliclus 1‘31th, A. 1851. 3.3!. eta. Uan. Leg.

-..“.——

A1111. RED. 4: 590

l

th‘HOSCOJl‘S obsoletus ‘.‘.’alT-:-J:r, 1*. 1851. :EOHOf‘ItCl‘QILS List

 

 

of Brit. Mus. 3: 873.

Length 0.0-0.5 :tra. Color cream to white, often

green-'sh; elytra stz'ohyaline. Male with large antenna].
discs. Aedeagns thin and narrowing to a thick rounded

apex; lateral procesces short and arising snbapically.
Styles projecting; outt-xard, alr.1os* parallel rzargined,
narrowed at apex and slightly narrated. one-third the
distance from apex. .-3egirr*in;j at arfi-ex, outer 1:1ar{;in of
Styles with a row of spines (Fig. 14). Seventh sternum of
female strongly :roduced at central portion of posterior
inargin.
Closely resemblizg- (hireei in external agyearance,
but "£316.: aedea’us and styles of male r‘enitalia are CL

L)

31115.): and Populns are the recorded row; plants

 

H;

the Writ or has also collected this s ecies ‘rom Acer.
Distribution: "l‘ranscontSnentall‘; distributed in

J"! w _— ,_-, . rv ° ., . ° ° . .

“‘3 flortnern area of me country. has syecres is more

Common in areas of t'ze Upper Penninsula of Michigan. Uh.

1..

(July lCr—Ang. 27') Aleer Co: liolcozixb, Shinfiileton; Dickinson

L’V

C01 Vulcan; Keweenaw Co: Gay, Isle Royale; liackinac Co:

Cecflrville; I-«iarquette Co: Ishpemins; (intonagon CO: Berg-
land. NLP. (July 5-Sept. 12) Isabella Co.; iialkaska Co.;
r‘1.d \ o r' n
1 land Co.; Ctsego Co. bLP. 11151151171 Co., JUlY 3: 194*”

32; Galilalld Co., JUlY 4, 1938 [D]-

Idiecerus duzeei Provaneher

 

\

"‘.
g

Idiocerus duzeei l‘rovancher, A.I,. 1559C. Petite fan};

 

cut. (.111 Canada. 3: 2.92..

Idiocc’r ,5 Leglexus Gillette, 0.17. c: C.F. Baker. 1893'.

 

Colo. Exp. Sta. Bul. 31: '10.
Length 6.0-7.0 rm. Generally cream in color, vary-
ing from yellowish to almost witite, often greenish;

Q

elytra. saolxyaline with apices czaetisxes fuscous or snoicy.

(f1

Antennal discs of male ovate base of Aedeagus wide and
narrowed to a thick rounded apex; lateral proce3ses
Shine-like, arising subatically. Styles projecting out-
ward, almost ;_warallel i-zargined; outer ;.:arfjin enlarged
near ai‘ex and abruptly narrowed to pointed apex with a
single spine (Fig. 13). Seventh sternum of fermle convey

with central one-third produced.

Reliably distinguished from Ta1.i3i;1us by the aedeagus

and Styles of the male genitalia.
bevel: :11 specimens were collected from willow. Salix,

Y the writ er, altno. n tae common rooe plant 3.5 cotton-

9r?
L)

1": . -
ood, W deltoules.

Dls’tribution: Ranges from the northeastern states

 

tO'fil‘r. .. . . .. ..
a nsas and Colorado. This species is found 3.21 limited

areas of

tile LOWCI Pezninsula, it may be found in other

ar0(., C - . . ‘
“S 01 tile state in the future. NLP. Cheooygan Co.,
u
J ly 13, 1941 (C. IIubbs) 13; Isabella Co., ANS. 11: 1956

O. ' ‘- . , a
( raooacza.) 66' 8: 19-; Midland Co., Jilly 7: 1943: 39 [13°

SLP. Ingharl Co.; Aug. 9, 194-8 ((3.13. Pedersen) 12, Is1.S.U.,

Idiocerus grovmiclleri v.11 Duzee

Idiocerus Lrovancheri Van Duzee, E.P. 14.590. Can. Ent.

 

Length 5.45-5.73 mm. Largely brown in color; face,

cps
...A.
)—

.—

..

1

PA
U
r...
\J

—‘
A
,J
(I
,4
rt
D
.d

vertex, pronotum and scutellun, some"
lis'fhter or cream areas, particularly around two blae
SPCts on vert x, pronotuzr: and scutellum. Clavus of
Gly'tra Yellow with. inner margin blac‘: ferminf: a V-shag‘e;
aI‘C—‘X Slibhyaline or smokey towards apex; cerium ,.1 veins
darker, apex smoky with hyaline areas one-fourth the dis-
ta‘ece f‘ . “ ’ ‘ ‘ ' ‘

-~ 1011 apex. hale aeeeagus slowly 113.rlC)i‘.'C(i to an en-
largcd 811C blunt apex; lateral. gfrocesses absent. Styles

acutely angling outwardly; margins almost tarallel, in-

J.

nu “131’“"311 slowly taper ed to deiressed apex. Seventh ster-

L)“

g
|

‘ C a ‘ ° 0 . . ' J.
rum 0f L (allele strongly E’VerUCCU with a median HOLCII.

badllv distinguished from the other species by t

J

V

.:e
0‘13“". v\ .
‘ .JCUvus coloration.

A Cor-.mzon species on Crataegus and often on Prunrs

 

and 0
32311:.
Dls'tribution: Found in the northeastern and mid-
dlet'e . .. . . .
v stern states to Iowa and Colorado. in hicnigan this

Si‘leciew m. . - ,. J .. ._ ..
s is widely LLlSCI‘lDtLtCH. UP. aeweenax-J Co., Isle

morale. Aug. 2-7, 1936 (c.w. sabroslzw ”3% 19- m"

 

(3216fi)<3y3an CO“! Aug. 31: 1940 19 [E]; Midland Co., Tulv

19, 1943 12 EU- SLP. (July ll-Aug. 3) Clinton Co.;

Inglian Co: East Lansing; Lancer Co: Deerfield 'L‘ewnshir;

Maccznb Co: lt Clemens.

Id '.

'.|
O
O
3
‘1
:2:
01
H1
’4.
rt-
:3.
Jo

.. Van Duzee

L: iocerus maeuliyennis Fitch A. 1:.
Reg. Ann. Rep. 4: 59.

Idiocerus fitchi Van Duzee, 13. P. 1909. Can. lint.

4(11): 83.

Length 5.25-O.U m. General coloration brown; with

C1:

(9
P,

a or yellowish areas on face, vertex around the two

black spots, pronotum and scutelln‘l. K'ltfil‘iCI mzrgin of

- ‘ 0‘ . v-0 ‘ ”c, ‘1- ‘ ‘a_.: 1
Picniotu.Xuth airtrmixlngs

and posterior Margin yel-

lcnfjnsh; basal angles of ScutelltmlcV‘”

.7 , ' 1 o .
,u .13, i.i\lr{:;l- I"()...l()‘.‘!l:)i1.

E }“trxa Lastly subhyalinc, with a dark margin near base

a large dark spot on outer margin near a~ices brown
or I uscous, a light spot near apex; cl avus with a narrow
113111: stripe. a'iale aedeagus narrom'z, tapered Fro" a wide

“to an enlarged rounded apex; styles long, narrowed

to a!) ical half \~.-'hich project outward. Seventh sternrr" of

{mi‘ale rouncledly produced \.-:i'ti1 a $1518.11 net ch on meson.
'3::... mid. styles of male geni—
.is s ecies from Erovan—

Food plants Crata gus, Salix, Populus and often

 

found on Pyrus.

Distribution: Ranges from the e :stern states to

10119.. $113.25 sl-ecies has been found in 01-13.}! one looslty

. . a .. . ,T 1... v_ _. . .L‘ '. . .,. _ f, .---
0111: may be foun- -1“ ot..<.i areas 01. t::e state .Hl tne

fut tire. SLP. 111;;110411 Co., July 8, 19‘1’11 19: his t Lanzfinrr

o‘QAV ’

"33—“ ZZ, 1943 19.

Idiocerus l: chry' aiis Pitch, A. 1 51.13.12 Sta. ITniv.

ROS . Ann. Rep. 4: 58.

Length (3.0-6.0171111. Col ation crear or yellow} sh,

ely‘t Ia su'ohyaline, veins clarner. Exitrf'in of

face ano ver-

tex with a transverse (Earl: brom-sn band rongnled projec-

tions near meson and rear the eyes. The latter often

broken from band; male vertex often um.;.ar.‘-_‘e;l. Ocelli

concolorons with face; nale antennae with elongate disc:
Pronotu‘..1 11;? '1; brown syots on ant er ior §fc~3.‘tion, in ilillC
absen -, Spots next to eyes often remaining. 'l‘f'zree aside
scutcllar mar} s a.r:i.s.'.z.j~ at base, reduced in 1110.10.
Elytral ve: n 1:, 50;...1et75. .5 darker towards alex; com-
hiss ‘ral line of :0 ..J_o and often male broken by a li’:ht

area near 1..1id le and another at 2:; ex of cla'ms. N116
aedeagus arrow witl'l lateral processes ari: in; near a; ex;
Styles ;,ter1'r1in~.1s acutely angler“, to a
minted. apex; outer mrein with a row of spines, the
apical ”ch are more conspicuous and very close

BuA‘AI-j

._ . w 1-0 .J- .-. . .. n - f .' v7.
t<3 czacn other (Fig. 10). seventn SLCLJLL «f .e ale nit.

..:,. r.‘ :1 w . . .
5.13.. “L '..‘I‘ "Cation OJ. f‘uLtCl‘ier . 71,314.. strc-fl. 31y “1“th ced.

'fhis Species is variable in size, color and markings,

hoxvever, the gnitalia of the male and to some extent the

size of the female will distinguish this Species in this

area.

ngulus and Salix are the host plants. The writer has

collected the majority of the specimens in the M.S.L. collec-
‘ti<>ri with an ultraviolet light trap.

Distribution: This species has been reported from

zlltzigtudes of 7,0C0 feet in the Canadian Rockies, and has

iDQfEII recorded from most areas of the United States, except

true southern states. Found in widely scattered areas of

Idixafiigan. UP. Houghton Co.: Houghton, August 7, 1936 (C. W.

Sabresky) 16‘; Marquette Co.: Marquette, July 7, 1955 (O.

I‘aboada) 149 and 66‘. Ix’LP. (July 3-Sept. 9) 3a}! Co.;

(Elalfilevoix Co.: Beaver 151.; Kalhaska Co.: Sharon; Lake Co.;

Mi£llzrnd Co.; Otsego Co.; Roscomnon Co. SLP. Gratiot Co.:

Angust 19, 19:55 (R.L. Fischer) 1?; Inghan Co.: *ast Lansinn

August 2, 1940 12.

lgiocerus varius DeLong n Hershberger

W varius DeLong, D. M. a R. V. T-Iershbergcr. L947.

Ohio Jour. Sci. 47(1): 46.

IAEngth 5.0-5.5 mm.

Yellowish or ochreous, often, a
\u'itll {1

areas

slight hue of green. Vertex with subhyaline dark

.211: on at apex; two round black spots between eyes 3:. margin of

face and vertex, male ‘~..'ith additional brotu’n rutrizings next to

eyes; fa e rarely uzmarhed. Male antennal discs large.

Anterior portion of pronotum with black markings, lighter in
color or reduced and less conspicuous in female; light areas
throughout. Base of scutellum with black spots, other areas

variously marked. Elytra hyaline, dark veins on clavus and

corium interrupted by light opague areas. Male aedeagus

wide at base and tapered to a narrow apex; styles long and

narrow with a single spine near apex (F's. 103).

Seventh
sternum of female roundedly produced on posterior margin, a
shallow broad mesal notch (Fig. 10A).

This Species closely resembles alternatus, but may be

reliably distinguished by the male
Distribution: Ranges from the southeast to the middle-
WeS‘t. ‘l'his species is not common in Michigan, but is dis—

tributed in different areas of the state. UP. Luce Co.,

July 13, 1955 (O. ’l‘aboada) 1?; Mackinac Co.: Brevort, august
2: 1936 (C. W. Sabrosky) 46‘ and 48; Menominee Co., July 12,
1955 (0. Taboada) 18‘and 1%. NLP. Cheboygan Co., July 9...,
193:2 lafirfl; Missaukee Co.: Lake City, June 20, 1948 (D.
Bra-Y) 19; Rosconnuon Co.: Houghton Lake, May a», 193'! 13. SLP.
Inshzun Co.: M.S.U., July 21, 1890 13‘.

Idiocerus nervatus Van Duzee

W nervatus Van Duzee, h‘. P. 1894-. Buffalo Soc. Nat.

Sci. Bul. 5(16): 205.

Length 4.0-4.5 1.11:1. Pale green in color, scutelltm with
basal angles Drown; elytra subhyaline. Male antennae \y-‘ith
small discs. Aegleafgus slowly narrowed frozta a wider base to
apex, processes short and sharp; Styles which have a single
spine curved outward and tapered to apex \Fig. 12). Seventh
sternum of female x-zitl'x posterior margin truncate.

T’zis Species rcse;.1b1es pallidus but may be distinguished
by the single Spine on male styles and truncate posterior
margin 01: the last ventral 5851-16111: of the female.

Food plant Salix.

stribution: Widely distributed in the eastern half
of the U. S. and west to Arizona and California. Only two
Specizzzens have been collected in Michigan. NLP. Isabella Co.:
WC. Pleasant, July 11, 1956 (O. 'i‘aboax'la) 13‘ LEI]. SLP.

ImmmlCkmszSJh,Mmr2,lumildkm3UmTEL

Idiocerus alternatus Fitch

W alternatus Fitch, A. 1851. N.Y. 3’53- Univ. Reg.

 

Ann . Rep . 4:59.

l2i2£§£l§§.interruptus Gillette, C. P. a c. F. Baker. 1893.

 

Colo. Ag. Exp. Std. 3111. 31, p. 74.

Length 5.0-5.25 1.1m. Face yellowish with brownish mark—
ings; Vertex with two black round spots and brownish markings.
Pronotum with light line on meson and dark markings near
anterior margin. Scut ellw; with basal angles and two spots
on disc black. Dark veins of subhyaline elytra interrupted

With “a . .
llsht opaque or whitish areas, one such area on

—————————fi 40

cozrmissural line and another at apex of clavus. Male aedea-

{:us thinly narrowed toward apex, lateral processes short and

sharp; styles project in; outward and narrowed toward apices,

a pair of spines at each apex follox-zed by 3171311013 and incom-

spicuous row of spines (Fig. 113). Seventh sternum of female
slightly produced and mesally notched.

This Species may be distinguished from lachrymalis by
size, absence of transverse black band on vertex, the struc-
tures of the male genitalia and last ventral segment of the
female.

Food plant Salix and reported by Phillips (1951) on
"sour cherry".

Distribution: This species has been reported to
inhabit altitudes of up to 3,200 feet in the Canadian
Rockies, and widely found in most of the United States,
including Michigan. UP. Kex-Jeenaw Co: Gay, July 10, 1955
(0- Taboada) 19-; {acKinac Co: Brevort, Aug. 4, 1936 (C.
SabrOSky) 28, Naubinway, July 12, 1955 (O. Taboada) l9;
Menominee Co., July 31, 1952 16‘. NLP. (may 9-Aug. 11)
Arenac Co.: Standish; Charlevoix Co.: Hog. 151.; Clare Co.;
Isabella Co.; Midland Co.; Roscortzlon Co. SLP. Clinton Co.,
JU1y 9: 1948, 19-; Ingham Co., Sept. 4, 1948, 1?, 1‘~":.S.U.,
Mamh 1’43 1921 19 March 30 1°90 1? 8: Au st 12 1890 13-

9 , 9 9 0 9 511.. 9 1

v - . .
anDuLen Co.: South Haven, Ma 48, 1891, 1?.

Subfani 1y menoPSIIIAE

One of the most conspicuous characteristics of this group
of leafhoppers is the pronotum, which is angularly produced
to anterior margin of eyes or beyond and is rugose or punc-
tured. Some members of the subfzuaily Agallinae resemble
these, but the three apical cells of the hindwing and the
small ledge over the ant ennal pits will readily distinguish

the Macropsinae, ’i‘he vertex is narrow and the ocelli are on
the face, The clypeus of these leafhoppcrs is small and the

suture is absent. The frontal sutures terminate at the

ant ennal pit

U)

Two genera, con aining some forty species, are recorded
in this subfamily for North America. Both genera are found
in Michigan, At least one species, Macr_opsis trinaculata,
which f eeds on Prunus, is known to be a vector of a virus
disease, Peach yellows. Other species are known to feed on
PM: Bybus, Betula, Alnus, i133 ans, Corylus, Salix,

P . . .
0 Ulus’ gluercus, Ulmus and Gleditszm.

Key to Genera

Str' .
1ae Of pronotum transverse : OCClll closer to eyes
th e -

an l'lCSOlloooooooooI.000000..'..‘.°.....OnCOPSlS.

Slit-3a-

" Q of pronotum not as above; OCClll equidistant

fr . .
Om eYes and meson (F13. 15) . . . . . . . . . . .Macrops ls.

 

I-ECOPSIS Bur:.:eist er

Oncopsis Surileister, II. 1838. Genera quadan insectorum
icor'ibus illustravit e1 descripsit. p. 27, pl. 10.
These are small leafhoppers, most of them measuring

between 3.5-5.01111'1-1. in length. The vertex is short; ocelli

on face closer to eyes than meson. Anterior margin of prono-
tun acutely or roundedly produced at least to anterior mar-
gin of eyes; striae transverse.

The color 'ariatien, markings, sexual dimorphism and
other diagnostic characters are so minuscule that reliable
separation of the species is difficult. A large number
Of SPGCifiC names have arisen because of this variation.
Bierne (1951) reviewed the group and reduced the twenty-
one $270Cies previously described for Ilorth America to
seven, of which four are found in Michigan.

The host plants of the group consist of Betula,
My ,lunlans, Corylus, SalixJ Pomlus and at least one

s . O O O O
DECIGS’ fltchi, feeds on wild SpeCies of Prunus.

Key to Species

1' Elytra with five apical and three ant eapical cells. . . 2
El)”: 1: a. with four apical and two anteapical cells. . . . .
2. Female seventh st ernite strongly produced and deeply
1'1<>1:c:hed at meson (Fig; . 20A}; male :‘S’C’y'le broad and

*1

aJi‘I'cn-Jed near apex (Fig. BOB) . . . . . . . . . . .‘.':‘..riabilis

 

Female seventh sternite not as above; male style
narrow............................................ 3
3. Female seventh st emite produced at center portion of
posterior margin (Fig. 21A); nale style curved and
rounded near apex (Fig. 213). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . fitchi
Female seventh sternite not produced but appearing
broadly concave (Pic 22B); male style thin and

U.

long (Fig. 22A)..........................ni3rinasi

Cncopsis nigrinasi (Fitch)

 

Athysangi nigrinasi Fitch, A. 1851. N. Y. Sta. Univ. Reg.

Ann- Rep. 4:61. .

Length 4.0-5.0 mm. Yellowish to bro'..'nish in color with
darker brown lixarkings; pronetun with fuscous pits. Female
With facial area, and basal angles of scutellum dark brown;
elytra Subhyaline with light-brown areas. Male fUSCOUS 01'
yellowiSsh-brown with light areas on commissure. Seventh
sternum of fgnale broadly and shallowly excavated on poster-
ior margin (Fig. 223). Male style appearing long and narrow
with a. sharp tooth at apex (Fig. 22A).

This species can be readily separated from the others

‘0 r 1 . . .
3 ”he fenale seventh stemite and the characteristic narrow

st ..
lie of the male.

It feeds on blue beech, Carpinus carolinianfl; also

 

I860 .
’- rted on Viburmun and Corylus.

Distribution: Common in the eastern part of the countrY-

In Michigan, only two specimens have been collected. NLP.
midland Co., July 15, 1947 lJ‘ED]. SLP. Inghzun Co.: M.S.u.,

June :33, 1890 19.

Cncopsis va"iabilis \Fitch)

Athysanus variabilis Fitch, A. 1851. N.Y. Sta. Univ.
Req. Ann. Reg. 4:60.

fitl‘lysanus abietis Fitch, A. 1851. Tist of: the Specimens
of homonterons insects in the collection of the

British Museum. 3, p. 875.

Pediogsis flavescens krovancher, L. 1874‘. Nat Can. 4:370.

 

W clitellarius krovaneher, L. 1872.. Nat Can.

 

4:377.

W tunidifron Belong, D.M. 192.3. Conn. Geol. Nat.

Hist. Surv. 8111. 34:70.

Length 5.0 mm. This species is extremely variable
in “3101‘, some specimens are solid in color varyiht, from
Willa-rich to (131:1; brown, others are greenish-yellow with
dark Cluval suture or broun 1th hi)3t of clavnszs yellowisn
or li-"ht brown. lilytra hyaline or dark brown with hya-

g;

lane a): Gas .

q

The only irient ifying characters for tr

p.)
I

'5 Species is
the C a . . .

1L“Elle seventh sternite, whim is strongly produced on
!)CzS'.‘, a; . o ‘ ‘ 7
‘ ”OI-«OJ: 1:19.1'711‘. with a deeply excavated notcn at meson and

1 10s of the 1:18.10 which are broad and narrowed to apex

v‘a-‘u.

3; gtnla and Alnus are the food plants of this Species.
the writer collected a female with an ultraviolet light trap.
Distribution: Traz'lscoz'ttinentally distributed or. the

northern areas of the country. ‘l‘his species has been
collected in several areas of the Upper Penninsula. UP.
Keweenaw Co.: Copper Harbor, July 8, 1955 (O. Taboada) .42;
Isle Royale, August 3-7, 1936 (C. Sabroslzy) 19»; Marquette
Co.: Huron Mts., July 7, 1921 (T. H. Hubbell) 19; Marquette,
July 7, 1.955 (C. 'l‘aboada) 19 EB; Schoolcraft Co.: Manisti-
que, July 8, 1923 (S. Moore) 1?. Elk. Brunet Co., July 4,

1913, 19.

One-911‘“ is yerticas (Say)

——-.———-.-—

£32212 EMs Say, T. 1330. Jour. Acad. Nat. sci. Phila.

6:308.

W distinctus Van Duzee, E. P. 1690. lint. Amer.

6:224.

Length 3.5-4.5 mm. Color yellox-zish to light brown with
fuscous, light brown markings or both. Face yellowish to
light brown, usually uzrexarked. Vertex and proz‘zottua numer-
011513,— Dittei; dark brown areas behind eyes and at basal
angles; Of scutellum. Elytra darl; bl‘OVJI'I, lighter in female
and appearing hyaline with whitish areas near apex and at
apex of q, N“ f . W.- ,, “v.34... -,,~..'m

(mm/as, our apical a“. tho anteapieal cells.

This species is readily distinguished from the others

1n the group by having four apical and two anteapical cells

in *- -
Lhe forewing.

Feeds on blacl: walnut, thglans nigger. L.,
found. r.-'?.;ereVer this plant is found.
Distribution: Ranges from Maine south to Tennessee and
west to Colorado. This Species has been rarely found in
Michigan, but no doubt that it may be found in other areas
of the state wherever its host plant is present. SLP.
Ingham Co.: East Lansing, July 15, 1948, 23-, August 13, 1943,
19, 23‘, M.S.U., July 31 Cr 29, 1890, 23‘, August 29, 1890, 13‘;

Washtex'law Co.: Ann Arbor, June 4 8: 15, 1948 (R. F. Hussey)

2 6‘.

Oncopsis fitchi Van Duzee

éflililggsi _f_en_estratus Fitch, A. ssru. Y. Sta. Univ. Reg.

 

- Ann, Rep..4:60. Name preoccupied.
mags 12.1.3195. Fitch, A. 1351. N. Y. Sta. Univ. Reg. Ann.
Rep. 4:60.
Wig ocellatus Provancher, L. 1872. Nat Can. 4:377.
W 13.339313: Provancher, L. 1890. Petite entomologique
du Canada. 3:290.
W dorsalis Provancher, L. 1890. Petite entomologi-

 

‘iue du Canada. 3:292.
2.19% fitchi Van Duzee, E. P. 1916. Catalogue of the

TI? _ ‘ ‘
“ehllptera of Am. north of Mex. p. 65. New name for
Ath sanus fenestratus.

Length 4.0-5.0 1.11.1. Color light brown fuscous, almost

blnc‘
'1‘ or combinations of dark and light brown, the female

usual—1y yellowish brown. Vertex almost black in males;
light (31: in females. Face yellowish, male with a transverse
black band between ant ennal pits and four black spots,
females with a dark facial patch. Pronotuu dark dotted;
elytra hyaline with brown or fuscous on clavus, apical cells
and crossveins; usually in females the markings are ligi'rter.
Female seventh sternite not longer than wide with a shallow
emargination on posterior margin (Fig. 21A). Ma e style
narrox-z, slightly curved with ventral margin rounder: near
sharp apex (Fig. 213).

The food plants of this Species are Betula, Alnus and
wild species of Prunus.

Distribution: Throughout most of the country. This
Species has been found in scattered points in the state. UP.
Delta Co., July 4, 1947, 13‘, CD]; Keweenaw Co.: Brockway
Mts., July 11, 1955 (0. Taboada) 13', Copper Harbor, July 9,
1955 (o. Taboada) 21's; 19, Gay, July 10, 1955 (o. Ta‘ooada.) 13‘,
Isle. Royale, July 18, 1938 (G. Steyskal) 11mm]; Luce Co.,
July 13, 1955 (0. Taboada) l2; Mackinac Co.: St. Ignace,
July 10. 1927 (s. Moore) 13‘ a 1?. SLP. IIuron Co.: Port
Austin, July 18, 1922 (r. H. Hubbell) 22m; Tuscola Co.:

Kinston, July 30, 1955 (O. Taboada é’r W. Drew) 1?.

MACRO PS I S Lewi 5

Mac ° .

to 31$ Lexus, R. H. 1835. Trans. Ent. Soc. London. 1:49.
Ped. . o '

10 $13 Burmeister, H, 1338. Genera quaedam insectorum

lConibus illustravit et descripsit. pl. 10.

The average size of these leaflxoppers is about 4.5 mix.
The vertex is short and parallel marginal; ocelli on face
about midway between eyes and meson. Anterior margin of
pronotun obtusely produced beyond anterior margin of eyes;
striae oblique.

The color in this group- is e:;tre.t;e1y variable. At
present, coloration is used in separating the species, how-
ever, the overlapping is so extensive and there is so much
iniixrixiual variation that it is almost impossible to identify
many of the species with certainty. This group was revised
by Breakey (1932).

Fourteen of the thirty nine Species which are reported
for I'Iorth America, and one suospecies are found in Michigan.

The food plants are Salix, Populus, Prunus, Gleditsia,

'guercus and 13131115 .

 

 

Key to Species

1. Each elyt ron with one or more round pellucid white
Spots............................................. 2
Each elytron without pellucid white spots, but often
With bands or hyaline areas....................... 4
30 1331611 elytron with one round. pellucid waite Spot, aed-
9313113 long and slender and split at t erminus
Pie. l7)...................................insignis

Each Clytron with more than one pellu id white spot.. 3

3. EacLL elytron with two pellucid white sfots,

r‘

coriwnzuuione<MIbasecn

a. slightly enlarged tern‘“

. .LAA

one 01‘;

clavus; aedeagus with

us (Fig. 16)...........

co oooooooooo0000000..ocoo.cocoon.oo(Tu-(1111:il:1:lCl';lO.t:1

 

Eacil

J. -‘
C. L ' "

‘ ." w, ‘ I ,"?1' ‘7 1‘ . '1 " J. "‘r‘ . I
1.01;; acreagus enlarged terninus (Flu.

C.O.OOoooooooooooooaooooooon.
41 EaCh Iaiad tibia bearing a black
b1 ac}: spot at are}: of vertex.
armninea)....................

Hind.'tibiae not spotted as above.......

snot at has

(3

..Subsnecies

elytron with fllree pellucid white spots in a

13)ooooo

. o . g Q o g . .trl-..nCLlata

«0-0--

(with

....Xirescens

 

.............
5- Each Qpizxeron with a black spot or bane (Fig. 19....

fiia;les............................................ o

I2cuuales.......................................... 14

EQCII Ci')i-..;«?1:(.1: umaarlged. . .Ixiales. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

JF1221ales.......................................... 8
6.13asc: (sf each elytron with a broad black band border-
illz: scutellu , renaixder dark amber.......basalis

U

115t?u)ut lilaxfl; ‘cu1d,

I‘Cirt black the renainler of elytron with
markings................................

7' Ely1;1~. uniform in color....................
ElY12111 not uniform, but banded or spotted..

8. E1y1::~1 amber-brown.........................

not as above........................

and pronctul yellowish-green; length

 

 

if basal

dark

7

10

.viridis
9

4.5 mm..

0......OOOOOOOOOOtrj-Vialis

 

10.

ll.

12.

13.

14-.

15.

16.

17.

Vertex and pronto u; cir 1'e1.eous -brc‘-..':-: to brownish-

green; length 5.0 1:21. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .ervtnrocephala

 

Ely’cra with definite or almost co: 1ztint ous transverse
17a31CISOOOIOO.-0.0.0....0....000000000-OOOCCOOO.OCc ll
Elytr -blaclaish with hyaline bands ill defined. . . . . .

O0.0.0.0...OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOIOOUOOOOOOOOCCIIi‘A‘riCEII-‘s

 

Ely‘t ra ferrrginous wi th one nyaline band. . . . . . . . . . . .

.
~~~~~ 1 1 C‘
. o0.00.0000...cocoa-cocooooooooooooofeJ-J-’ LEW-031.10.:

 

Elyt 1:9. with 1;:ore t7 an o: e ban<1,1'«ot hyalinC......... 12

 

131371; are with two narrow dark brown be 13:1 one i: ter-
rupted at clava l suture. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .bifasciata
Elytra with two broad dark brown bands anterior

’

1 J

oand not i::terrupte:_1 at claval suture.caradensis

 

Cincreous in color; face '1 ith circular bl? c1; spot...

.. ocoo...-coo...ooooooooOooooooooooooo.ooogtriStiS

(’rC’CI“ is color; face 11121ar1:ed.................confusa

Ely.tra Of lllliforlhl COloroooooO000.00.000.0000000000.. 15
-'~: 9‘71. marked with spots or bands................... 10
1:1 C) .0 1:1“ O O o o o o o o o o o .Cr‘rti ‘l‘OCC: 1:13.121

w

A '7 1 Q o . . .
CV ‘~ ‘DL B'CllOL'lSII-L‘TJTQGH; 10115111 5.5 {Jr-lo o o o o o oil-:lv. _1..?t_l-.A§.

 

- with definite ‘0 .11d or bands.................. 17

Ely-t; 1‘3. without definite hyaline bands. . . . . .nigricans

 

E13”: 1‘21 ferruginous with a hyaline transverse band...

. - . Ococo-0000.0000000..000OOOQOOOOOOfe-frugllloidcs

E1371: ta.

 

grwisn 11valine \ ith two fus cous transverse
b

8~n(‘18000000000000000OOOQOQOOOOOIOOOOOOODj-f? 5013.136,

 

18. Face with a circular black spot and a band between
eyes........................................tristis
Face‘.-1'itllout such markings”......................... 19
19. Color grce1 '40
Color yellowish-green to ferrugiuousuuuu......... 21
20. Length 4.75 1111..................................E_o1
Length 5.5 £371....”.............................viric’.
.cra with broad bla c1: sand

at base of clavus borderiu" scut ell1rt1. . . . . . . ,basalis

 

Color yellox-.*ish-green................................ 22
22. Elyt ra greenish hyaline; e:<t1.’e.1.1ities of fore and

1111(1le 135.13.19.63, blflCk. o 0 o o o o o o o o o O. o o o o o O .OJCri‘Vrlu-lis

 

Blyt r11 1=.«'it21 t1-.'o brownish transverse bards; fore and

mid tibiae not 1:1o.r3~:ed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .leadens 's

 

 

 

flacrorsis erytlxrocgvhala (Gillette 8: Baker)

{giior‘Siis e13't111:ocepi'1ala Gillette, C. P. 5‘: C. F. Baker.
1895- Colo. Ag. Exp. Sta. [3111. 31:72.
Length 5.0-6.0 r111. This Species exhibits sexual dimor-
phism; female green, often fulvous green, elytra hyaline

n . . . , . .
z,reen. Male brown or brownish green merged with fuscous;

PrODOtum and scutellum bram, the basal angles of scutellum

“Ji 0 . o o O
“1 blaCk spots, elytra brownish hyaline. Both sexes With

a b . ' '
lQCli Slzot on each Cpllilcron (F150 19).

ll13-8 Species is cor-111101111; found on willou, Sal':~: sp.

 

D. ‘ - . T—i ' ° 1 r v °
J‘Strlulttlon: Found 111111051: parts of the country. [1115

1.1.1- -

species is found in scattered areas of the IDWCI.‘ Penninsula.
NLP. Bay Co., June 25, 1039, 19, [D], Altg‘xtst 1, 19423, 19,

@J’ C}: boygan Co., July 7, 1918, 13, [it]; Midland Co., July
3, 1934, 12, June 21, 1939, 1: a July 7, 1942, 19,133]; Ctsego
Co.: VC-Julcrbilt, July 6, 1955 (O. Taboada) 13. SLP. Clinton
Co., July 9, 1948, 43‘ £1: 13; 11131131 Co., June 30, 1943, 13,
July 3, 19:25: 19, July 15, 1948, 13‘, East Lansing, July 7,
EMS, 1.9, August 19, 1943, 19; Jackson Co.: Jackson, August
22, 1948, 1?; Kent Co.: Alto, June 25, 193 , 13‘: Caklaml

Co., July 4, 1938, 13.

.Iacropsis inSignis (Van Duzee)

Pediops °_s_ insignis Van Duzee, E. P. 1809. lint. Am. 5(9):171.

 

Length 4.235-5.0 mm. Reddisil brown to grayish brown in
color; basal angles of scutellln‘l with darker spots. Elytra
usually with a whitish spot at first crossveitls and paler at
basal portions of costa; veins usually paler.

This is frequently confused with tri12;aculata, but the

 

aeeeagus of the male (Fifio 17) will diStixSUiSh it from
tnat species.

1 , . , ‘ ‘ ~ . ., _ _
host plant wile plul, Bluzms £L.lCllCE‘-.I‘.a. Marsh.

 

Distribution: It is distributed in the states between
C ~ . .
Oloxado and Pennsylvania. I-Juxaerous males and fe1‘2ales have
b . . .
eon collected, in a 11111.1th area of state. SLP. (July 8-

Oct - . '
. l) Cllnton Co.; human Co.: East Lansang.

~ . ' ..,'. .‘ .. T‘°-’v '7
i-‘iLClOHblS til-waculata (rltca)

 

pedionsis trimacnlatus Fitch, A. 1851. 35. Y. 5t?” Ul'liV.

 

 

1{eg. Ann. Rep. 4:60.

Ixcngth 4.5-5.0 mm. Color light-brown to dark-brown.
ace sufused with fuscous pits; scutellun with a Liar}; brown
spot at basal angles. Margin of vertex and pronotlm with
fuscous striae; often with a shall brown spot behind each
eye. Bpinera of both sexes black; elytra alternating in
shades of brown with a whitish Spot at apex, another on
anterior and of anteapical cells and another near the branch-
ing of the first sector.
T11 ' 5 species closely resembles insir-“nis, with which it
(to-exists on the strte host plant, but may be distinguished
by the three pellucid white spots on the elytra and the
aedeagus of the male (Fig. 18). It is economically 'mpor-
tant in that it transmits the virus which causes peach

yellows. The host plant is wild plum, but as Bierne (1954)

POI-111’s out by being a canssal feeder on peach, apricot and

c
Uri—1.3.708, i‘l this main-1e): 'trzu1s;.zits the virus from plum to
yCuCIZ. ’l‘hc author has collected this Species on sour cherry,

D “I , , -
.ru‘ls cerasus I.-

Distribution: Ranges from the eastern states west to

0101.9.L.0. ‘11:, spec;es 13 numerously found in l ‘31].th but

5.“. a*-'~ r. ~ ‘ ' "
Cuwereu areas of the Lower Pelmlnsala. hLP. Cceana Co.:

Snelby. July 9, 1953 (o. Taboada) 20‘. SLP- (JV-1V 9"AUCUS‘:

l7 . - ° 7
) Clinton Co.; Ingham Co.: East 121151.115; Rent Co: Grald

Rapids.

Macro-sis nuadrinaculata Breakey

L

incl-opsis gladrimaculata Breakey, E. P. 19’3". Ann. lint.
SOC. All. 25:1,32.
Length 4.0-4.5 12m. Color reddi sh- lo. .1, face fnlvous
and scutellml with two fnscous triangles at basal angles.

Elytra redd sh-bronr Cirque, each wi til a pellu old white

Spot at base of clavus and another or. cerium.

 

This species is siliilar to tri ricz'lata, and '.,n '3 ",1 15
but 1.19 y be dist in gtisherl by the sliu'ltly equanz‘aec’. ape}: of

ac-C'.’ cagus (Fig . 10) and from the Other species by the color:-
tion of elytra.

—-‘. , -‘L .' ,‘ -. .«1 .f"..—\. ‘ IQ. ' c- \ f‘,‘\ 4.: o
1‘10 b5 FICILLS, "—A.l¥¢ 1.11'11’ ltL-Ql. a’LlL: ’ b- \ 1 11:) L- .Cl—ch‘l‘la

 

F, .‘. o _.
“118:1 CPA. 111th :L-i'.
. V V a... . ‘T<~’\- v.
3Loliibt1c‘n: 'C:C.LJJC"- iron speci: 18118 from South

1

Dakota, Ife‘braska, I'Iorth Carolina, Colorado 23;; 'i‘ennessee,

at." v. . -. l ' x ° ~‘ . 1" - .
”“1... ‘,OIJ L QCOL(1Q1 f 1.0“; [llcigl -‘\ , QI/P. 1-1L,.1tbttl CO. , .\1i£"tlt)t 17,

I
Q ' '

C (N Pv fl . ’ (‘-
124-(7' :3" f; 33; fast Lazisin" June 323, 13‘; August 17, 28.: 19;

Get. 1, 1048, 12.

gacropsis tristis (Van Dzzzee)

 

W tristis Van Duzee, 13.1).11‘90. Can. Eat. 22(6):249.

 

Lcnfjth 4.7;—a.5 1211.1. Color cinereous-broxm; race with

D r‘ '\0 . ‘ .
1‘“C1* 13 1C: at vertex, rare ly brogen and. a olaclz rounded spot

01] f? . . g d ‘. ' .
”0115- SCU‘L‘CliLL“. 'letL‘. blacl; spots at basal alt-7:195;
e1 " :‘ ‘ o u a '
Vim clnereous hyaline with pale veins.

me black facial zznrkings will distinguish this species

‘ J-

' 1' - I fic.‘ 0' n- C 0" 1‘ . -- . “ v . . 7 . '—
3411C}. git-.1, P1111}; :1...e.-_3-c._-1a .J‘rs -1, is 1L5 .lOSt glant.

 

Distribution: aste :1 half of the U. S. to Colorado.
This species has ’00- n collectec. in o: 11y one loc lyitr r, but
may be found in other areas of the state in the fvture. SLP.
1113113371 Co., August 17, 1948, 1?, East Lansing, July 3, 1048,

16‘, .‘szgnzst o 1948 (C. E. Peterson) 1?.

’ 7

-

Macropsi s CLHLusa (Dreaxey)

Macro-es is cor-fast- Dreaizey, 13.P. 111).. Ent. Soc. Am. A1111.

 

25 (4):827.
Legwbh 4.0-4.5 1.3.1., Pale c: ‘1"-.11C,‘.‘.';:-£}:l-:jICCIl in color;
pits of face and :1'gn-e of proncths acohshicv’W‘, e1 izaera

or both sexes 11:7;;:1rl:e< . E31ytra.'-,..li1c, apex faintly
T1 '3 swecies resembles viridis, but it is Smaller in

1119 host plant is poplar, Pooulus 31)., but the writer
has col] CC‘tCL". this species from willow, Salix 5;).
Distribution: Ranges from t nortluxn states to
'1Jisconsi11. In I‘~1.ic11igan, “cl-is species 1as been collect 1.1
from scat-c are ed areas of the state. UP. Kerseenaw Co.:
Gay, July 10, 1955 (o. 'J'.‘abo.c-a) 19. NLP. sabclla Co.:
Exit. Pleasant, July 11, 1950 (0.1‘aboadc) 19; ‘isis aukee
C00, Jilly 14’ 1945 1&[151’ A1157- 5, 1945 13' 5‘; 29 [D];

Ot~ r. . - -'
°€c0 CO. : Vanderoilt, July 6, 1935 (C. iflbOClda) 1?.

SLP. (JURC 25-July 24) 1115;11:111- Co.; @0111: Co.: Alto.

Macro-sis 0033155 (Van Duzcc)

Pediowsi“ 09.50.1513 311 DUZCC, 13.1). 1138‘). Ext. A11. 5(9 ): 151.
Length. 4.0-5.0 111111. 1.1010 face, upper poltic 11 in
female, vertex, ;;>3.‘o1;ot11;1 11:21-1 sczztcllur; fur1:11;”;5110125. Fe-

1111-10 Cly 'tra (learn-5- I1 *1}:&J.5.:1C 1.1.7212; :1 bros-1‘. brat-'11 3.1131031:

(10.15:: 132131 (1 at Dace. Epinera 113-11011 5.11 117.10, unmarked in

' ‘:fi Q 4., ~ 1 ..- ‘uf ~ v .: ’-“, o “ ~.: q‘u-t V.
{01.19.}. (3 . fig] 9 CLY L 11".. (13.11. 34,100,”- _, L4 b331,}. u ..1 52.1.1 13.3.3.

I? ": ‘1 9 .: g~ v 1. q 9. v. - ’- (¢ a : - t n , 1 u a 4 ‘.~ ‘ '
t0 1 nus-1 0; t1 4.:1;.;,,la 0101.11 51-31:, 411 J1Lbf.l 11.11;,11313 (>1 acutel-

V‘O“ .. . .\ .‘ r“ [1‘ 4 . . ' ~.. ‘0 ,J.’ ‘1‘.‘a 1 y. ‘
MC maps-1 urn-d.) :1. 01.31.20. ”.111 1.15111411511 t.;e 1101.0

1.. .
“am “.1 r. -1,- - .: -. 1 .
JL'I‘CK§,__- ‘ \‘. LAIS Of 1,1145 :Jt1 (,C-:.

A.

11"..“ .mst or :10 uthcrs.

(I)
C”:

“1ch are 5-11’cvsr'..1ed.1.-tc color for1s wit 1311 1:15-11 antics

 

L'J.‘ . A. I" - . ' - '. . .I. . , .4. H - " ,f , ' _ .,.
“~be “21:, Populus 0.3 11:13 113;“ plea-:1, 11111.. 1-10 1013-1115-1115
C“ ‘ \
U120 ' -r‘- - . _ ,' . v . M‘orf I,” q‘ (1
‘ C‘LCQ , cnflzadens-Ls, 11351. :-t Sali_._~.; 11:11 sc-«-n.La, 11th

 

 

 

alt“); ° 1 f ',' -
’ t 30‘ 3111115 aspen; 11.101: CC’J‘IS (1111.. La; 11*;:::‘-:...;-s, host

1111111:
‘ - " 1 -J.‘, ,-‘. .v--_,,.v. - ., «4- A _, _j \ye 11¢ .-
.3333; a ac; 01,110; .1 “11.1 1. o .3111, 001,111. ,11 1-1.LC11-;,L',C‘.11.

9

O

-'. H...» 1 ,-..J-.‘. , .. - .. , v., -1--.“-
1:211: 11.1.11130-1111111111211-1.} 3.11 .110 111111-. '11:

01:11; ribu'

r:

n‘ 7
vi tae \ . v - . - - c - J
C( - - wt 11113 5;: ecg-C L; A; 9 1. 0111121 .121 SCSI; 14 Cu. €(-. “ICES

J.
Of 1:]. :5 . . -. ~~

L LOT-5c: Pawn-1151119.. 111*.71c31oyml‘ Co., Aug . 1U,
Hum-«>19, [11:]; Crszord Co., 31113" 3, 1939 1:1;

0., June 23,1936 13,1;id10ni Co., July 13, 1944

5...
«‘3
\O
'71‘
O

C
I“
,"J
I":
r. 4
V.‘
‘1
1.: .
hi
1...»
0

3’11 - . . . r, ,,
L“ o 111. £11111 Co.: 3393" 1111151113, July 7, 1941:. .13.

1.:11'1c10 sis v1.1-1111s (Fitch)

Pediopsis \ririaiis Fitch, A. 1.7.51. II.Y. Ste. C131 . Reg.

Ann. Rep. 4:59.

Lenr;t11 4. -.5 5 1m. Color in both 5 >:'es green to
yellowish-green, except 1113.10 with elytra usually DICE-.711-
:isl hyaline, occasionally in female. 151111.;e1‘11 with a
broad blac‘; mark.

ReSCnfnliizu Confuse, ban this b}CC1C5 its larger in
size and has b11103: sgsots on 011511.1(11'11.

Host pl._‘.z‘.t 1111131., 3:11.11: sp.

Distributimu Tr :1sco11t11'201r'c31‘1' 1'. stri‘outed along
the nor 1.1113111 part of the ermntr". This snecics 110 ’13 been
taken from several areas of the state. UP. Keweenmv Co.:
GGY: J'Il y 10,1955 (0. 'l‘aboaala) 13‘. 3111’. (June S-Aug. 1)
Clinton Co.; 11151121111 Co.: 13211;”: 1111131113, 1--1.S.U.; Ion'a.
Co.; Ionia K? 1111111200 Co.; 110 1' Co.. AltO, UI’UTd Ray-ids;

1.5.011 ‘ ~ .
109 Co.: 1113:1110.

I‘lacroiwsis canademsis (V1111 Duzee)

 

Pub: 1 - .
% Canada-111515 V2111 Duzee, E. P. 1390. Cam. But.

22(6):111.

 

Length 4.75-5.25 1.11:1. Color varying from pale yel-

LAX} is I ~ ,_ , , - - .
1 3Com to greenisn-fulvous. Elytra 111 oot11 sexes

'.'Jit}l t1: ., . ' . .
O D 01.11 39.11113, 45110 first near the middle and the

SCC():1(1 119.1 n r 3‘ 1 . 1‘ A 1 y -‘ ' .~. ‘7
c 1: 11111.31. Bum... 1101.11 (ma. 11ro11ot1111 yelloulsJ-
SIQCII 01‘ . ‘

“re 111511 -fulvous; ep111era uzu.1o.ri;ec1; elmra

l

 

greenish hyaline. Mode darker or fulvous, sc1.1te11111-1 with

J

brown trian 1e at basal angles, 1. red 1-3110 at 111i<1111e to

the transverse in}: ression; epimera with black spots.
The female 11:11,: be separated from the fe.11ale of Di-

1 .

§1scciata,wi1ich it closely resafioles, by not 1eving the

 

midfle transverse band in errupted at claszl suture 9:151

black spots on er-vigmra; the 1.1:Lle by ‘Cing smaller t1z131

The 3.1051: blunt 01' this sped-CS i3 ""-'i110‘-79 3111i}; 527'

 

Dis tribution: nge: from Maine to Callie-1711511. In
P's-1011391: this species has E1ea‘3n found 5111 only one locnt. 02.,
be found in other areas of the state in the fu-

77111; 11"“ V
V A‘»,

cure. UL- , Nonfilmc 11 CoQ: Alston, July 11, 1936, 1 .

Macro sis nigricms V3111 Duzee

 

 

I)“ I. (v .1. , 0 ‘ _ n -.
W trigmculata V1111 Duzee, 13.1). 1.189. Lat. Am.

5(9): 172, Preoccufwied.

W bifasciata Osborn, Ii. 8: E.D. Ball. 1398. Proc.

 

Da". Aced. Nat. Sci. 7:119.

W nifiriczms Van Duzee, E.P. 1916. Check list of
1ihe Hemiptera of Am. north of Mex. p. 64. New name.
Length 5 0- 5 5 11111. Color va rvinrj from greenish-ful-

VOUS to Breenisn-brox-J 11 with black 111ar11:i1‘=1§35- Pronotum

with f. . .
L9 QCQUS marks, 2111t<fr10r :u:1;:ress:Lons usually dark

bI‘Q\_H
Scutellugn grec *11sI1-1 111vqts 11it31 a1 brown of black

trialil‘le a e ‘ '
V at 11:13:11 angles. Elytra 11yallne wlth brown to

 

c. -. 1 . -. I r , *v - -- .1 q 1‘. '~
1913 .- 211 C1. 00.93.]- .1111, ..l< '_ 0.311111. 1101121 .-) L0

_ J- ’ o ‘ -1 ._ ‘_..c . _ ‘ ‘ -. ,_, . ‘ ‘-
Cla—Vl:—_;, :‘-.‘/\i L. q.:‘l?}k. EY‘IJ.».(‘J‘ 9w .«l- U(\ Lal 50....1) . 111a. U."(".C 5

 

31015.
TTout plant Cottemxtod, 13311111115 111,]-4;<‘:-1(‘1ms Marsh.
Distribution: R011 fies. frog ‘11:: ;.;i~""l<~1-:o:51: to Colozf‘xio.
Ibis syccies 1.91:5 been Inger: in 0311, C11" 3-?)c1xlity in 2.156.177-
'Tan. ICLP. Chafing-3111 Co., July 41, 19353 (J. Leonard) 19.
5311:1021»: {111111771037st (V3.11 D1120”)

 

 

PC<i;7_9L-t)3’_§. fr;rr1;;i310111f‘i V31: Dunne, E.P. 171.9. 13111;. All.

5((9): 171.

LiET'If'Fti 5.1—6.0 21-1. C0131 fer-3111; 1:10:15 01 103715-521;
lC~‘-'.'Cr 71:11 f of face 3711‘. v.1.“ "‘o 3'0101'. P101'1O‘tu1 amt? 0.71
disc 1.511 :1 ‘. "t'; {moms 500'“ 310127." “my (“'0; scrtslfa 112.“:
often “3; “Ch {TVC '.'C::l‘C=‘-' shots. 13123121.“. Litil a “tr: ‘31-'11'51?
him-13:11“ 13:13:01 1):f¢1‘(3 (‘1‘ 3: (F517. 15); (3031.3 1‘55'fji7' :1 3'93 law-
'E'S' “II";Zn.

This Sfifccics '35 '1 ":1" 0031'; :1: 1‘...TTL'Q\-‘-l-.'1‘.V(3‘11”Jil-
10m" 9.121;; :33 ., 1-5 710111”. plants.

‘Diia‘tribution: M9111? {1:11 in L1c mid lehcst and
111: ‘t;) Clgglgu:n.fi3, :qyf 13em 3Je>fi-co. u113’1du1: 3 «3:1 AQL 113$
“’31” L mind .11; 2.1.7.1111: 1. 2.11. 11.7.1111::d Co., July 7. 194%

 

hacrqgsis trivial1s (Ball)
‘“:ivialis 3311, 4.P. 190?. Car. But. 34(19);304.

Lmlcvtil 5: 5—5.5 19.1. 101.1110 }c139 5:91-31:39? "7:“. 93191

. ’ . .. I\ ~ ,.
:1 1.9119330? 9133119 51-112124 ..j' J" ; C11..'1.'. 1.1. . .91..
. .‘ ...I\ -. -‘ ..'— ‘0 n . vv . "-
1'13 18 YC1L10‘.':L811-::ll"\-ll’ L1.) Ll.‘ J. 3 1., A ‘J ‘1jv‘1r p»‘_’ k).'L\J n}
.1 n _<’ fi_ _- (9.9 E" ”“9: fi .- ”-1 ...’ 4.1. r, 17,-. 7- 9., ..;-, '.
L171 ._1,(. 1-3 .‘.C\.u. L-‘lb.\.¢- L- A.I.1l,_( Lt ..-|.L, . L‘, I,.2,~.'-C-~ U!‘ C v , .- C

. '. . " v‘ . 2 .‘ .. ‘ ‘ ' J- ' . .1. . 4 1 _
-- a‘ - .1 ~' .9 . , ou .. f 3 9' .. ' d r! \ 4 i . ‘1 .‘
C:.t,,-,_(_'.1111L_;E-I: 1,-1 101$- 811‘... .1. lC LiUix- u}. 9- Lalbf‘... C- 0....)

T110 1103’: {119.1% 0L that-7. SPCCJ‘CS .213 ‘v';.119'.-.', 5.1.13; 317.

 

Dis dribl.1ir‘:" 1‘119 09:; “5:11:11 .‘.9.1' (‘1 17:9 Unit C11 state.

‘0
1' 1‘ = ', .. .‘ .:. '. : f-..~.z - .—
mlC CO -.- ()1 0.0.0. 1:1,.-. 5.917 CCL;-G.’:. .11. 1 (.31. .l. 1.11 1.1..» cu 3.1. 85’... CL

11.9 stat ‘c 1.31’. 7191155219.“. CC.: A1:"o:1,3uly 1.1, 1936 (C.

U
c..-
(T)
p.
:‘5
C‘

ach) SIB-3 . .‘CII’. I-Ii:..‘:111".c<) Co.: .9529 1,.1'1'3', Aug“;
6, 1948 (D, Bray) 12. $1.13. EL9.19.:;19.2:or. Co.: A191: ta, July
23: 19473 19; Kent Co.: Grail 1111:1165, July 5, 1937 13-.

25:. bifa 1:13.19 ‘19. (Van. 0.9130)

PC(?.. 3 -, 1 ’ ° .1 \
‘iLQLiisb "--'9.s.c:-9,ca V7111 Dmec, E.P. 133‘}. Brit. Am. 5(9):

 

Len-3t: 5.0-5.251;1::;. Color 91:90.1: 1511-1131; f<:;..910

or - .‘ '. J-. J— - -~ . r, --~ 1 ‘-’-- 1 v"
01 21:11:11 -A ‘\ ‘vli l‘e ‘: LL}. L‘no LLGJ'E)‘-r‘\.lue (.-?.J. .1; LDrO’..‘i

V g.

’ One at :"1'1'1‘1c, interrupted at clavus, 9.111 9.11.04.12.91

"'-'- o ‘ o
"W— to 9.90:3 1.19.11: elytra bro:rn:~.sh 11379111110, bands

abSOn*
~ - L ‘ ' 1 a q - ' -~
' Scutcllun 1.2.1t.1 mac}: tra.9.:1g111r1. 5112115 on basal

9711.:11 2~.-':'.t11]_9-..r{;:e)-.9.c1:Spots.

8h

" 4.-
Ahab I. - 4, _: _- , n .. . . - ..
; 19.11 -15 - 91111:..- , P0,. 1111.3 an .

 

Distributioz‘z: From the nortnens 13:1:11 states west to

10 39-

'i‘his sic-c-1915 129-5 been tnlmn from only 01

C0133: 9.110 .

4-? ... .4-
1&0 bLa1C

FT)

o v 0 1.‘ F ‘ .‘. .- ‘. (q
cation, .Jut :-’1‘ may be 101112.. :12: 0121.2: latte o

in the future. .‘JLP. Roscoztnxen Co., July 8, 1945 153,115].

Macrojsis virescens (Ghelin)

Linnacus' Syst. ..at., 131:.)

1915. Me. Agr. Exp. Sta.

Pediolt.c.is vireucens Csbolfl‘z: “-

color; elytra

p.)

1191193111 4.0-5.0 11.11.. Yellcui51‘1—3r01;-11 i1

SfmmuiSLA hyaline, often smoky apically; scutellua con-
col::.rcv:3 2.72.7311; {51011011215 after. b91591 angle-£3 Lit], darker
517023. 13:71er tibia with 9. black sm't. 131.35.229.39. 132-31‘1ariged.

‘._-_‘- A.)

Ifixis L: “‘:tinguishci from the subsgCCLeu LEEEiZEE
bY‘UTQ nhserce of the black Shot at 959x cf vertex.

:Iii‘vS't plants include 22.25.1162.) Salix 51)., 9.22.11 cotton-

: 1PC>hu1us Sp.

[Isttributicn: From the eastern states to Wisconsin.
Lhis Sf“(3 ic“ has. been found in only 1:170 localities of
l-£iCI‘lif’:L31, )‘1' {gay he {01,232.51 5.11 o’c‘tcr areas. of ”12119 ..tas’;e
Where igle hcst ylapts are present. SLP. Ingham 00-:
£3.81: bbzisofls, Jl'ly 15, 1948 13‘; Wayne C0.: Pl)1.'.~()1’.til, Jilly

‘9 ' v-\ ‘
’ 56 (O. .Lauoada), 1:112:10r0us males 8.: feat-110:3.

 

I . ' . ° . $ 7. - ..,‘ ,f. , "r.“ .‘ f .
n0c10331o VilGSCCNS svnur. no LLDQQ (ruullCth)
‘ 4. hi

Cicada. grmninoa Fobricius, J.C. .799. But. 3313f. 5111331.,

 

.3 ,l-4

.- firm Juba (Fabriciuo) Wcios, 1.”.
W

 

‘“ E.L. Dickerson. 1919. Jour. Econ. Ent. 13:437-

1ar to vircocons

H-
‘
r ‘3

‘3
.1

Length cull-5.0 112.1. S

)@11 insh-grocn in color. Both sexes with a black snot

cm cacfll h;nd tlbzu, arcx of vortex and eplncra.
..., - -,, .. h.‘ o. ,r: . _- : . :,
L;2o olac“ prL on bye“ 0; vcxtcx hill casJI} d o'

. Vfirv-: -.' -' '- .f a... fic,.. .0 (- -\.
ilILLeJ;;1'in s [OllxIlAmu'V;l€uCQL$.

fisst plant includcgpoplar, Popu'us sp., willow, and

13145tr51n1tion: Ito ges frcaz't e oastht: states xxxat

LOsuuscxonsin. This ouhorccieo was boen tdccn from only
t“° JIDCKITioxs 4n Michigun. SLP. Clinton Co., July 99

.4.

O O “' . .. 1- \"1' ‘- r1 ‘
1’4“ <33"; Mayne Co.° k'lymoum, July 7, lC::o (U. niocadil) 13‘-

Stbfudily AGAILEIKAE

:ILUE fronotum i; broadly produced, sometimes anuu‘
larly, :rr3aching anterior margin Of the
ranulato or rugosc. Th0 VCItCK is short
rutd bros. (I mui the ocelli are on the face. “301113111 sutures
origixm1t<3 frmu a narrag clypeus, terminating at the atten-

{

r1511 $ '
,.1t ‘ . _ . . .
‘ 55- Pour n.1cal cells are present ;n the HindW1ngS.

’11

Explanation of Plate 7

r‘ 1: - . .. ° - . ... ,' ‘ ,1 - ' .
lo. lHumor-sis fellufiln01oes, aoult.

A +4L

15. Vacrofs s gydrimaculata, dorsal view of cede?-

 

*sis insi s, dorsal View of nedeagus of

O4 ‘ ' 41 i
male.

( \- , .-.' .._' n ‘ -,‘ 3' .,, ,: .. .. v
13. “eelopsls iliuqulCtL, uClbll Vlea oi aeeoa us

 

of hole.

19. Macrohsis etithroce.hala, frontal Vlew of face.

20. Onco;sis variabilis, A; seventh sternum of

 

H3
{
Ll
(D

Q
La
H
3‘)

-toral View of style of male.

, A; seventh sternum of remale,

S)
b
0
an
H.
{1'}
Pl)
1.3.
(9*.
Q.
5.)
Ho

21.

 

B; lateral View of style f male.

0

f3. Cncogsis lllgri-tesi, A; lateral viei; of style

9.:

 

of male, 8; seventh sternum Cf female.

_’

 

 

 

 

 

m M

I. IACIOPQIQ
TRI IACUL ATA

 

 

 

no vacuum 1
wauuuacmau

 

I? 856.0?”
IIOIOI'S

l5 UAC'O'SI.
l’ I. ”OI scum

 

no uacnonu
20 n 3.. nvmnoevuau

 

 

 

 

 

32A

 

MOPOI . ONCOPS'S NIOIINASI

VAQIAUI LI!

"‘ ‘ “A? ‘ fu‘ J"' “. -° - '— ‘ . (\v- ‘ / vv .. - r ‘\Q‘\ ‘ a ,-
Cautfif. (1(1 OJ J. . L .3 t. ”L ‘ W- L)!” 1d 9. LL- .k- V b CA. 5) C‘v L1 Liy S; x.-
. C H ' “ ‘ —. m ". 'V‘- ‘ v n.- -v . ‘ ‘t' ’
cies lol the 1.09.1CtiC JAC. ion. .L.-C you, as a 1...:le LCCK.S

primarily on cereal, forage and true?~ cross, and may oft

irrortant. Eight of these leafhom: ers are fznoen to be
vectors of virus diseases, of which four occur in P-lichigan.
There are three genera in this subfamily, including six
sixecics found in the state, a seventh siecies may pos-

sibl y 0 cc ur here .

Key to Genera

. \ J. . .C'fv r. .-.,,,,, J. ._..,“ .K ..
1. P1. OlACLLL.‘. LiltLly Oust-elated; vert o; 5.101. e :1 nos 11

' -1311 :.e;;t to the eye (Fig. 434A)................... 3

t
Pronotuz; rumzlose; vert :: lorger a" 1:1eson tizan neX‘

1"O tile C'feooo.........-.......o.ooo...‘\C(SJI(‘.tfl;ffllliG

 

2. Post erior margin ofhead sinuate behind each oye......

. O cooooooooooo-coco.00.000000000000000olflrrn-lliORSj-S

 

Post erior margin of head not simmte behind each eye

(Fig. &8C)ooooooooooo000.0000.oooooooooOOOOAgaJ-lia

 

l'XCJLZUX'l‘AGALLIA
{\CCra'tv ."' o ,0 q ‘
w }‘7‘r"7‘3‘1\’, G. J. 1907. Sugar Planters A sax.
’r}l 3 . o 1 o . o
9 Vertex is s.1ort mesally and Wide uetween the eyes,

Longer mesallv than next to the eyes; posterior mar-

RVL 1" 1 . ‘ . ‘ ~ 4 . . - I v
11) rouauee. 0.1m arely Sinuate beaind eacn eye.

a J.‘

Pronotum mostly tr:.1sver sely r11;ulose wit; lateral 11ar «gins
short and posterior 1:1argi11 slightly concave. 131:‘c1-: color
markings when present, '11 the for; of t'.:o round spots above
the ocelli on the vertex, longitudinal stri: es on the rroro-
tux-1 and the triangles on the base of the scutellmu; elytra
with black and brownish pate} es.

.115 genus cont ains the largest 11.1111oer of Species of
the "1101.“in that are important economically. Some of the
species are knoxm to feed on forage and cereal crops and

weeds, A. californica Baker, on spruce, Picea SI".

 

 

‘ '1")

Of the tvm;ty-nihe s1: ewes in we {group two

found in Michi 5:111. A third species pessioly 121a}? occur in

J

l
- “‘4: ts ~‘-' '1‘ -~I“1/i':‘\
lb.) ..(.1.LV.'(.1 “v.4” p.
\y‘

*4
o
I
y.‘
,s

1 ‘J- n . ‘3. ‘,. ,.'.'.'
the .2, to. e as it is “it-

_F O 4‘ ‘ ‘ .. “ ‘I
he} to spec <s

1. Male style twisted (Fig. 233); sgveutiz sternvn of
fer: Lle subtrun ate and sli "'1t1y notclzer'. mesally

(FL—ECO 23!X)oooooooooooooooooo0.0000000ooooov‘-!l{f,s.ris

-

1 . , ._ ,
Kale style not tI‘JlS'C'D'l; sev .ttn st r 1111 of rexz1ale not

Q

Sllb'tl‘uncate......................................o 2
2 ‘.- - . .
. dale style With a ventral tooth (Fig. 27), plates not
rchChing all); Of pngfer........o...o..oo.oo€lCCOla

h‘c v a o ' a 4
“~10 Style without a ventral tooth (F15. .35), plates

1' es'cllillclf 3'50181’. . o g o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o 0001:1917u110103-1L‘"

Ace‘s"; 14:31 lia vulgar-is 71.13.11

 

Acel‘3.t:;1;fl.llio. miljgaris 0.13.11, P. .s'. 1933. U. 8. Dept. A5-

 

I‘ccn. E3111. 372. 11. 60.

Length 2.5-3.0 mm. Color varies from yellowish-brown to
dark brown. Vertex with black spots above ocelli, often a
dark depressed line on anterior margin of pronotum. In dark
specimens, vertex and pronotum 11:11:11 :1 light strive on each
si:‘.e of a media dark line. Elytra $1.1bhyz1.line with brown
veins. Male styles twisted (Fig. 233) and plates shorter
tlnn pygofer; female seventh sternum subtruncate (Fig. 23A).
1.15.3 snecies Closely resegbles sz‘11';11i1'1ole11t2., but the

male gen-it elia and the female seventh sternum will distin-

Knoun to occur in praire-type vegetation, 0119.11 (1933)

collected it from co.;mon rag-:eed, Al‘lblIOSlCL ar't£:}ilSllO.Cf01J;Qo
L.

 

Distribution: This is a very coztzzzxon Species in the

eastern United States, west to Colorado and Texas. This

ST) . q - o a o o o .
~eC1eS has not DOC-311 11:11:83} in Michigtn, but it 18 possuble

tile . 9" ’ . '
111: it nay be found 111 the state, Since tae type of vegeta-

til L . °
01 1nd one of tne known hosts are present 11“ many parts of

Aceratqgellia accola Oman

 

 

ACCIO'S‘ v'r -
W QCCOla 0119,11, Po lilo 1933. U. 30 Dept. AS“ TCCh.

’3
uul. 3'73. :9. 57.

Length 3.5-3.0 1211.1. The general coloratiez. :s darker

than sm'1'1115.:1olenta, which it res dial! es e_-tcr.11-ll although

 

it appears more robust in shape. It is easily d:'.s'i::;1v.isi;e<1
from that species by the male style having: a ventral tooth
(Fig. 27) and the plates being; shorter than the pygofer
the female by having rounded lateral angles on the posterior
111argwin of the seventh sternum.

The host plant has not been definitely esta bli snem,
but has been found in grass in Illinois, and in open fie ds
where the vegetation is short. The writer has collected
this Species from a roadsrie stand of weeds.

q

Distribution: Originally described from specimens
can: 11 in ‘.'.’ashington D. C. and vicinity, and in Illinois.
Only one specimen has been t.£:en to date. IJI.P.CI1eboygan Co.,

JUlY 5, 1035 (C. Taboada) 13, [0'1]-

Acerataga lia smguinolenta (l’rcvcmcher)

 

Accra-1:33 zillia sanrjufnolenta Provancher, A. L. 1872. Kat.

 

Can. 4(11): 376.

W siccifolius Uhler, P. 1.. 1877. U. S. Geol. 82

GQOIg. Surv. ’I‘er. Bul. 3(14): 359.
Len gth 2.75- 3. 25 1.1111. Coloration 1i::ht-broun wit h dark-

be‘fl . .
‘ 1 01‘ black marl :ings; males darscr than females. Vertex
“Jitll . '- ‘ , . .
Dlack Spots aoove ocelli and a light brown area next to

ei‘VCfll e r- O a o q . o o o
3C: a longitudinal brownish line on either Side of :1

Dale m ‘ . . I
edla’n line. Pronotum With fuscous 1:131:1111135 ant eriorly

 

and with indistinct longitudinal brownish lines. Z‘lytra
brownish, veins darker; white areas on clavus and base of
coriznz. Apex of male style foot-shaped sharply pointed
(Fig, :35); plates almost reaching apices of pygefer.
Seventh sternum of female with slightly produced lateral
angles-
Similar to accola, but the male is easily distinguished
because of the absence of the ventral tooth on the style.
1115.5 species is economically important in that it causes
heavy feeding injury to many economic crops such as clever,
alfalfa and especially legumes. It is also found on asters
and 11151.1)? other herbaceous plants, and is also known to be
the vector of potato yello11.1—111.1.1arf disease. The writer has

collected this species from Prunus Cerasus L.

 

Distribution: This species is very common in the
eastern United States, and ranges as far west as Utah and
Arizona. In Michigan it is very abundant in many parts of
the state. UP. (July 16-Sept. 6) Baraga Co.: Baraga; Kewee-
naw Co. : EagleI—Tarbor; Marquette Co.; tleneminee Co.: Steph-
enson. NLP, (April 20-Sept. 1) Cheboygan Co.; Emmet Co.:
Good Hart ; Iosco Co.: Alabaster; Missaukee Co.: Lake city;
Cceana Co. : Shelby; Cceola Ce. SLP. (March 7-Oct. 1) Berrien
Co.: Buchanan, Niles; Clinton Co.: Bath, :3 . 11011115; Gratiot
C0" A117131; Hillsdale Co.; 1113313111 (30-: 1333* Lm‘Sing’ M‘S'U"
Jackson Co. ; Troel-zlyn, Jackson; Kent Co.: Grant I‘fif‘ids;

Livi ~
‘1135103-1 Co.; Macon?) Co.: Romeo, Utlca; Oakland 00':

J

T-

"

Pontiac Lake; Ottawa Co.: Holland; Sogiz‘zaw 0.; 3t. Josefvh

Co.: Ccnterville; Van‘ourcn Co.: Wingor, Grand Junction, {50.

k.

y ‘

Haven; '.‘.0.s‘1tenm-J Co.: Ann Arbor, Saline; “Payne Co.: Detroit.

AGALLICPSIS Kirkaldy

V .

Agalliopsis Kirlzaldv, G. ..~. 1907. Sugar Planters lssn. Exn.
Sta. Div. Ent. Bul. 3(1): 30.
Head with vertex shorter mesally t‘cnn next to eyes,
posterior margin simmte behind each eye. Pronotum finely

granulate; posterior margin almost straight; lateral margins

short. Usually yell uish-bro.::z, often darker; marl-cings con-
sisting of darl; round Spots. ‘.’cins darker t'mn elytra.

v-

I‘Zie leafhoppcrs belongin to t2: :3 group inhabit her-

{A

:mceous plants, trees and shrubs. TWO 0* the ten sj‘ecies

J‘.\.n . g .o o o ,0 O
t ”t occur in tae 1.cn.rc:;c region have been foznd in x‘ulChl-

Key to Species
Male blates long and constricted at middle (Fig. 26);

seventh st ermm of female truncate. . . . . . .peneoculata

 

M , ,.
ale Plates short; seventn stermrwfrerrmle deeply exca-

.10

\

-L . . ,
Vated on posterior margin (14-3. 243).........novella

Agolliopsfs nezzcocula o. 0121:3911

 

Arm 1] ‘.' 0h

W pczxcoculata szm, P. if. 1933. USDA. Tech. 3111.

 

-1 J.’ w", - .. : . 1 ..-,;‘.. ‘ .V
Lenrftn. 4.0-4.5 21.1. 1110 CC.!.CZ.. is greenish or I: scozrs
. V — - 9-K .1.— .f ,y ~v v -. 1-1 ‘ J— r. ,.-. _ ' , >
With bloc. ....1.1.1t.--1:|_,s; el;tra 11 transvu 5e smokv ? ar
'-..- ~ ~ -' .7 1- .. 1 2- . : J-—'
near ;- ._;.st sector. wale rlatos e10. Ln-LC am. constricted

at middle (rig. 26); Seventh stermm of 136217176 trnrcate

“he lateral constriction of the tale elate; and the
truncate posterior margin of 1. *e fe1ale seventh sternum
will easily se' arate this Stfiecies from. novella.

This species inhabits herbaceous vegetation.

Distribution: Found 5r the follming areas: New
York, Illinois, southern Lntario, Quebec and 1‘11iC11i:,an.
lhis :nyczcies was described from a hclotype male and al-
lotype fena le, collected by E. D. Ball, at Layeer, Mich”
Aux. 24 1919.

’

Aggllio Wzsi' novella (Jay)

Ail-1710 sis novella Say, ’1‘. 1331. Acad. Kat. Jci. "‘hila.

Jour. 6: 309.

‘I
LUV ‘ . .‘ 0‘0 f-s 1 ‘ 5“ -
“1'0 ’318 nooi-..:.s verges, «A. 1°95. 11]. Dert. Agr.

 

Length 3.5-4.0 1112:. Color yclfn-zil‘s 1- -‘oro1~.rn 1 ~ (Corker

.ings , males often darker. In 1i; .111; 5}_~eciz,:1ens 1:313:32-
ln 8 ‘ 0 0 'J ' . V
g are faint. Prone/tn; 1:15... :1 pair of olacI-z rount
SD "‘ - . . .
*OLS (131.57.24.11); c1yt::1.itn 1;.3114‘ col 1: e VCJ.175. I‘llale

p11? Jcev‘ .0 6
° * ll 13er- li-:e in Shape 331:1 sirfer than I‘lygofer;

1'5.

, c f‘ a ’)1

J- "r\ 0 ‘\ ‘ -' O‘ax’ . "- ' ' .|"' ¢~-?, g. \ n~~.. s 1“ v
seventh s; .:-ntu.. c1. re..- C uteri-"n. 111.142.“..‘3: (lee. ,1}
1 ' ,-, v- -‘ J" u", q a 3 \,
)4; ‘LI. L 0“. (Fi‘,. 'c‘l‘jl .
1 f“ 7‘ -. ‘ ._’ . .. .. 1" .- __~
’fnc ringer-shone or he .. HJC blate. I‘.-'. 1.20 1.66? ex-

‘.:;.:c lCI'TTZ‘ 1e sevent’

st-rrr nun will separate tin's sj‘lecies from pone-om _1 ate.

 

L alfe , clev er on”.

several ne11-ecoz1:.;.;ic herbnceevs flax'lts. The writer Izas

co.._‘eci;ed several i:1;’.;~?_1'id113.ls of this species from Prrrvts

3;.

Distribution: Cozz;.:c1:f",' ecr‘rl‘r. t'1rez'.:;llezt' the caster
3:31;" of tin: courtry. 'I'l s s: cc es is very Co: 1210?”. in the
TCL’OI Fcznr'rsrla of the state. 1'7". 31‘. ‘35:: (I .: L Anse
31173" .-. , 13-55 (C. Tabeac’m) 1?; I'enozainee Co.: 43"‘e"':ersen,

(thC'E’). ELF. (June C1-JUF3' 1T5) C110"0‘f<’1n Co.: Dongle.

v1... . - O
I, . t- ,‘ \‘ do. _: ‘ ‘. 1“ _ro.:' ‘1 ‘11 ”l, 7‘ "_.fl ‘- r) 3"“
‘ ~ " ". :.;_‘\r\,;. “.110; A.“ .:.~:‘b0.)AL:‘v C00; AhlLss 9-7!». C1... ; .LQSQMUKC .. v19.

7.
"ill 8.121 :1

r~,‘-

.XC‘ -ir} I \ CLIIt 18

A03 1 .‘ . A , .

N Citrtss, J. 11-133. .1145. Lark. 1(19): 192.
T. , . _ .
JG ed 13-? J21 vertex snort an (1 almost 11:2:

6‘; , J- J. .- . ....‘ 4 -.J. : - .
.: linen. eram late; lateral. 1.11;; .1218 snort; in some

fl _
QrIQC ‘0 I ' J. .J» A ' . . Y
1 v fortericr ;.;:‘.rrt::n alrzesL streamit, in otners cen-
CC‘flfe
-. s- .‘ .‘ Q' ’. "I 1 “ ‘ ' . " t." . c4 - 1 , ~91, “
° C019; pale-1).. to ear. exam, I.t“..i.1‘-3.2.§‘,53 ear -er;

Ibere ire t2” Lgec es in t1: grey , tno ere fevvd

. .- . . .. ,,
4;. 1~,-'-(,1L_‘. fl... .

Rey tC}:)?CCLCS

Male Plates depressed near base (Fig. 25.“) ); sternum of
female roundedly produced on posterior margin (Fig.

28.4)00000OOOOOIOOOOOOCOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOConstriCta

 

Malta ?‘lates not depressed rear base; seventh sternum of

fCI‘lfisle tl'L’flCT‘fteo o I o O. o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o oqtlfl'drir‘I‘IlCtata

 

Awallia qvadrihnrct1 e (“rove nc1er)

 

w,

J thoscopus qvadrl'1 .“ctatus Provarcher, I. L. Nat. Can.

.—

4(1l): 376.
Ulorwa canadcnsis Van Duzee, E. P. 1892. Am Ent. Soc. Trans.

19 (12): 301.

 

Length 3.0-4.0 1111?. Color voxying from pale brown to
dam brow. . Verte e}; “no. nronotun with two black spots;

elytra. light—brain with pale veins. Male plates finger-like

( “ 0 .
1m. narrowed to are.; posterior me r .31.- of fem? 1e seventh

Stn

crnum truncate .

This species resembles constricta, but the absence of

 

a lateral constriction of the male plates and the truncate

Seventh sternum of the female will separate this species.
This species is known to occur in moist, shaded and

Open Woodlands. Black and. Cman's (1947) Work indicates that

th' - ' °
13 specles normally reproduces parthenogenetically 1n

w .‘l

 

ens 1‘ cm Unit ed St :1"; es .

F;;pC1i=:entally, this lerzfltonper is crumble of trans-
mitting Potato yellow-churf and Clover big-vein diseases.

Distribution: Commonly found in the eastern United
States, north of northern Georgia, 11:11) rm and Lonisie na,
and rarest to Oregon and south to California. In Michigan,
only fezmles have been found. UP. Schoolcraft Co., July 16,
1046, 16', Manistique, July 25, 1945, 16‘. NU“. (I‘Iay 28-June
26) Intecosta Co.; Midland Co.: I-Iidlmzd; Missmzkee Co.: Lake
City; Sanilac Co. SLP. (May 11-Sept. 13) Allegan Co.: Fenn—
ville; Berrien Co.: Three Caks; Clinton Co.; Ingham C .:
East Lansing, M.S.U.; Jackson Co.; K 'Ilmimzoo Co.: M.;3.U.
310. Ste ° Kent Co.: Alto, Grind Raids; Lenawee Co.: Hudson;

lell‘lgston Co.; MontcaLz Co.: Carson City; Cakland Co.:
Pontiac Lake; ‘-.."n.shten:~.w Co.: Ann Arbor; Kayne CO" Detroit,

Gard. en City.

Agallia constricta Van Duzee

 

W gonstricta V? n Duyee, 13. P. 1894. Can. .“3nt. 26(4):
90-

 

Length 3.25—3.75 mm. Usually light -brown in color,
rarely Clark—brawn. Vertex with black spots above the ocelli
‘1'). 238(3), Posterior margin of pronotum slightly concave,
Of black spots near the marr'in; elytra. with ’1? 1e

t)

L‘Iale plates later filly cons tricted net1 r the base

(Fi. n
5' 2933); seventh sternum of iemr‘. 1e romrle/ 1y prro Yuced ON

nosterlor margin (pig. SBA).
,i‘llc lateral constriction of the 1113,10 :‘lates and the
roundcdly Produced i‘osterior turgin of the female seventh

sternum will easily 5 narate this species from quadrinunctata.

 

The Species is the vector of Potato yellox-z-dwarf and
Clover big-vein diseases and may be found feedingr on clover,
alfalfa, potato, weeds and grasses.

Distribution: Most common of the agallian group in
the southeastern states and ranging north to Iiew Jersey,
and west to Iowa, south to Kansas and 'r‘exas. Cnly a limited
number of specimens have been found in the southern part of
Michigrnl. SLP. Allegan Co., August 19, 1956 (If. I).

.".1ez:1czyl:) 23'- 12:5,me Co., July 737 f: Cct. 8, 1953 13, August

16: 1954- 13‘; Kalamazoo Co., June 237, 1953 13‘.

Sub f an i 1y TEE I ICC} fI TELL INA“,

This 511 family is characterized by having the ocelli
on the disc of vertex. The frontal sutures extend over the
anterior margin of the vertex and are near the ocelli. In
addition, the xtxemhers of the group are usually large and
have three apical cells in the hind wing.

Seven of the nineteen g-nera which have been recorded
in the United States, occur in Michigan.

361.com, if ever, 1713:1bers of this group occur in large
enough numbers to cause feeding injury to econo;.:ic plants,

the' . . . , . .
1r eCOnomic importance, ROI'IC‘VCI', is due to the fact that

9..____

   

 

-' a, 'o .x V-r: 1:1 ' 4 -r -~.. ‘ - .-. \ 4-1 - J- a. ., I».
‘33. Acorn -11-..» \-"'_ nus, .1; sum: a. serum m

 

- 1" ‘R ’l- a‘ '4 ,-\1 - ._ 1' , ' «.1 ..-F ..-
female, ,; J‘_¢1F T,_. o- e._ a ,» tale.

' . ' ..-‘. ,-.-111 . .7 1'— 1 - ‘.3-~ .1. . .

34, .\na11”_* bzs iatfi.y1a, :\; adult, ;; sevctrri SeOIPIEI
#-H.~”-~ -—.—.-.-—.‘-‘

r 7' "fi" if .

 

2U. figalliopsis reni‘mCulrta dorsal view of nale

 

olates.

 

 

male.

' 0 r-~r . \r‘ ‘ “ . J- A n v fi~."' ‘ 7* s v. ..... .. . I? f.‘ .
.23”. \ ‘jll'f‘ Cr>.:_St]..“.CL.. \; oCx-"i..L - .sen ,s..l (‘1 lC‘Tqurz"

 

' ~ ‘1‘ ‘ . ‘.v r. ”‘ofi 4- : ,7 Q 1‘
3 worst; Vle 91 “.1e plates, C; 1.ult,

U.

 

 

 

 

 

77

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ACIIOTICAkktl V ULOAIIO

L
aoaguonm

'th-I-fi u acnu’acauu
uuwluouuu

‘ ' I .......

” AOAguonus
'CIIOGULAYA u acnnuauu
accoua

 

Plate 8

1

. f. , f. . ., ._,. J. , J- . . I? .‘ .1- ,3 ,
Sever-teen encore.) are l.no~..n LC‘: oe vec-xrs Or '10.)?» virrseS.

1, L31: eral View of 710:"; annearing {minted (Figs. 29 and
30); sy-ecies green, green with yellow areas or
yellowish-green ani never with stripes on either

t110r0-2': OZ: elYtr~~oo0.000000000000000000.000.000.00 2

page al ViJ.’ of head anpearing 1,-7.11bose or romaded
(Pics. 32 and 33); species black to brown or
re’fl's'x brow n, or "rte“ with red or black stri fives

01 the thorax arxi elytra (Fifi. 319................ 3
‘ . o -‘ n“ . r.- c‘. ho. .3
2. '3" ‘Wtra 5,1131}? "1 CC‘. 1. 11.. Cl} “til-let: -tC, reticulate

Veined at apex”....................Draeculacepl'lala

 

Blytra dull "tee .. ant". - sely punctate, apical areas

not retic: late veinem. . . . . . . .. ... . .........~Ie10chara

 

3. I"rofile view of head bulbous; at least pronotum

[Jo

rrergularly surfaced or coarsely rugose; rela-
tively arge species.............................. 4
Profile view of he: d blurt or roundedly angled; rugae
absent or at most, the pronotu‘s finely rugose;
relatively 3:: all so ecies consnicuovsly 1) anled or
Striped vertex (Fig. 34).......................... 5
4. Vert <33;

with a deer longitudinal furrow (Fif’ ,. 31);

Pronotun almost twice 15 1031? 35 vertex. LLUJaCiZiS

)

 

\f .- ' v ‘
ert e}- ultnout a eeep loumtw‘mal furrow; pronotum

as lonrr as or a little longer than vertex...Cuerna

5. Frontal sutures approach ocelli in an almost straiaht
line; color yellowish-green with transverse black
bands on the vertex and thorax ani longituc
bla k stripes on the elytra..................Kolla

Frontal sutures approach ocelli in an undulating
manner or begin from margin of vertex transver-
sely than posteriorly towards ocelli.............. 6

6. VertGX'with undulating bands in discal area; anterior

margin of fronotum and scutellum marked with black

SpotSOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO000.00OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOKeOkolla

 

Vezrtex with a black band along tze margin; vertex,
' .C .c .. .1. . .. .‘. ‘ .,.I- 4 . n ,' .

anterior 0L glenOLw; Chu scctellan yellow, pos-

'terior portion of wronotum green with two red

O J 7

.Spots; elytra freen wit; conspicuous longitudinal

:red stripes (Fir. 34)................Gr§phocegha1a

 

HELD NARA Fitch

Hilochag Fitch. 1851. N. Y. State Univ” Regents .r'knn. Heb.

(1:.56.

TIcrtd wider than long and wider than nroxotum. Vertex
almost fUlat; anterior margin bluntly angled. The face in
PrOfilci zayjears convex and poirte'l at apex (Fig. 30). Pro-
w3:lsely punctate; longer than vertex, with short

Lrargins and a V-shaped notch on the posterior margin.
chrsely nunctate; distinctly veined, with three ante-

AHls. Color dull green or yellowish-green.

YT -" YT

Two srecies are known to occur in the e. a. H,
Coru'mnis is maddesyreaj throughout the United .3tates and the
other, delta, which is the vector of Pierre‘s disease of

SraPCS, is known only from California.

flglochara communis Fitch

 

{galochara ggmmunis Fitch. 1851. N. Y. State Univ., Regents

 

Ann. Rep. 4:56.

Length of male 4.0-5.0 mm. and female 6.0-7.0 mm. Male
With black face and dark concentric lines on margin of ver-
tex; genital plates triangular and elongate. Face of fe-
male yellowish green with dark parallel lines converging on
center of frons; seventh sternum slightly produced mesally
on the posterior margin.

Found along stream banks, marshy grasses and moist low
lands.

Distribution: h'idesrwread throughout the U. S. This
Species has been found only in Michigan's Lover Penninsula.
NLP. (June 6-Sept. 8), Cheboygan Co.; Midland Co.: Midland;
MiSSa-ukee Co.: Lake City. SLP. (March 23-Sent. 24), Clinton
Co.; Eaton Co.; Ingham Co.: East Lansing, Dansville;

s

Kalamazoo Co.; Kent Co.° Shiawasse Co.; Van Buren Co.: South

7

Haven; Wayne Co.: Plymouth.

Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
Fin.

Fig.

Explanation of Plate 9

Draeculacephala mollipes, lateral View of head.

Helochara communis, lateral view of head.

 

 

Aulacizes irrorata, dorsal view of head.

Neokolla gothica, lateral view of head.

 

 

Cuerna lateralis, lateral view of head.

Graphocephala Epccinea, adult.

 

 

. .4 — ”er ._
I “—le ‘*

 

,Qfi

 

30 HELOCHARA

2 9 DRAECULACEPHALA COMWNIS

MOLL IPES

 

3| AULACIZES
IRROIATA

 

3 4 GRAPHOCEPHALA
COCCINEA

 

33 CUERNA LATERALIS

F1049 Q

KOLIA Distant

Kolla Distant, W. L. 1908. Rhynehota. 4(1):223,

 

H'ead as wide as pronotum; apices subconical with
rounded margins. Face in profile almost straight with a
rounded apex. Pronotum almost parallel sided; posterior
angles rounded, and posterior margin almost straight.
Color green or yellowish green with black stripes; vertex
and Pronotum transversely banded with green, or yellowish
green and black. Elytra green with longitudinal stripes
and apic es smel-“y. -

Four species have been recorded in the United States;
only one occurs in Michigan; the others are I-iiddlewestern

and Southwestern in distribution.

 

5911a bifida (Say)

W bifida Say, T. 1831. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadel-
phia Jour. 6:313.

ELEM tenella Wa1ker, F. 1851. List of Specimens of
Homopterous insects in the collection of the Brit. Mus.
3:77m
Length 5.5-6.0 mm. Vertex with transverse black stripe

‘between the eyes; black around apical margin, with two

median Yellow maculae; a black spot at each side between

transverse stripes; remainder yellow to yellowish green.

Anterior margin of pronotum black with a yellowiSh stripe

llnmedizu:e1y behind; posterior margin yellow with a black

stripe immediately in front; remainder yellowish green.
Elytra green with longitudinal black stripes; apical portion
membranous and dark colored.

This species is known to occur in wet lowlands and
meadotvs .

Distribution: Common throughout the eastern half of
the U. S. This species has been collected only from the
northern and southern areas of the state. UP. (Sent. 6),
Menominee Co.: Stephenson. SLP. (July 8-Sept. 8 , Berrien
Co.: Bent on Harbor; Clinton Co.; Ionia Co.: Lyons; Ingham
Co.: East Lansing; Jackson Co.; Kent Co.: Alto; Wayne Co.:

Garden City ,

I-IECKCIJIA lielichar

‘1 ’ . ‘ , o o

Lem Melicnar, 1.. 1926. Annales 'Tistorico-naturales,
Map; 3.1: I'xfemzeti htseum. 73.3: 343.
”end as wide or slightly wider than pronotum; vertex

. ' 1 . ° ‘
With broad rounded marg:,n, apex blunt. Face in nro‘fle

Convex; ledge over antennal pit not prominent (Fig. 375"-

P rx - a o
051343101: angles of urcnctum broar'ly angled; surface slight-

3 IIngLllar. COIISE’ILCUOUSly (131:1): str1;~,ed; ‘vlth ngEIt

r . .. . .
g een, Olive, or IGdUlSh-DIOY'I’! oachgrourd, or entirely

‘Dlack.
F0111: species have been described for the v.3. Cne
0C -. .0 o o q o ,
curs in Michigan, the others I.I‘.CJ.1Y-€iinfj tne vector of

Pie-~ v . . .
“'9 S disease of grapes,se*.rer1n_3__, are arrestern and

soLftht-zestern in distribution.

13.3.91191213 a _tfl‘:1.i_c a ( S i pin 0 r e t )

Tettigonia gptlliga Signoret, V.A. 1854. Annales Societe
Entomologique de France, Ser. 3, 2: 345.
Length 5.5—6.5 1212.1. Color extremely variable, from
light {fret—3n, olive, light brown to reddish-brown back-

1 .

ground. Vertex with a blac; spot at apex and black un-
dulat inf; stripes continued from he end of dark frontal
suture towards the center of disc; stri‘“~e:‘5 often meeting
at center or each recurved to form two ".arallel rectangles
between the ocelli. Dar}: strife of frontal sutures branch-
ing towards apex; a black sr-ot adjacent to eyes large,
ISL-Hill 03: frequently absent. Posterior Clarfljn of nronotum
shallowly but broadly emarginate; anterior margin with

dark markings; disc irregularly solotc’i? ed with variable
dark markings. Elytra with longitudinal black or brown-
ish

9 0ft on faint stripeS.

This Species is commonly found on herbaceans vegeta-

tion.
Distribution: Common throughout the eastern half of
t1 2 . , . . . .
1e LeS. The fOllOI'JLLnfj recorcs indicate that this specms

i. .‘7 nu~ o O
S 6‘7”» 1011137 found in the lower Penninsula; UP. (Aug. 77-6-31).

8:: o
raga Co.: Baraga; Mackinac Co.: St Ignace. NIP; (june

6-3 ' . . H

”£35193“; Livingston Co.; LieCOSta Co.: Big Rapids; Hid—

land Co.: r-‘Eidlrmd; Iniissaukee Co.: Lake City; Ixfontmorency
: Atlanta; Newago Co.: White Cloud; Cceana Co.: Ferry;
Osceola Co.: Reed City. SLP. (Ahtil 70-Oct. 10), Clinton
(30.: Bath; Inghz-un Co.: East Lansing; Jackson Co.: Jackson;

Kalamazoo Co.' M.S.U. Biol. Sta.: Kent.: Alto; Montcalm Co.:

Lilli eview.

AUACIZES Amyot E; Serville

fiflgkggxizes Amyot C.J.B. and Audinet Serville. 1843. Histoire

naturelle des insectes. Hemipteres. p. 571.

Iicad wider than pronotum; anterior margin of vertex
'bluntqu rounded with a deep longitudinal furrow on disc.
(Fig. 231). In profile, face appearing bulbous and with a
distinct ledge over the antennal pit. Pronotum longer than
vertex; the posterior margin with a shallow notch; surface
Very irregular and punctate. Large species, at least 10 mm.
in length. Color dark brown with ivory markings, and in
additiCDI], often with yellow markings.

CFVVCD species are known to occur in the U.S.; one is
found :111 Florida, and the other in the southwest and the

Aulacizes irrorata (Fabricius)

g-cédi irrorata Fabricius, J. C. 1794. Entomologia systema-

 

tics: 4:33.

L , 1 a. o q I
en.{jtn 11.0 mm. Color oar}; to reddish brown With ivory

 

and yellow markings. Vertex fit-h large black spots. Prong-
tum marked with light spots and an occasional yellow Spot.
Elytra surface rough with yellow and light markings; outer
edge with a row of yellow spots.

Occurs on shrubs and herbaceous vegetation.

Distribution: Eastern U. S. and 21.:iddlewest. This
species has been found in the northern part of the state;
but may be found in other areas in the future. SLP. Cass Co., ‘
Union, June 12, 1955 (R. L. Fischer), 13'; Kalamazoo Co.,
M.S.U. Bio. Sta., August 21, 1955 (R. Scheibner) 4£; July 4,

1956 (R. Scheibner) 153.

CUERNA M e 1 i ch a r

911213.91 ielichar, L. 1952. Annales Historico - naturales,

Magyar Nemzeti Museum 21:199.

Head slightly larger than pronotum. Anterior margin of
vertex rounded. In profile face appears convex with a dis-
tinct ledge over the antennal pit (Fig. 33). Pronotum with
irregular surface; posterior margin almost parallel with
anterior margin. Color brown, dark brown or dark red.

This genus contains fourteen species, two of which are
found in Michigan: the others are western and southwestern

in distribution.

Key to Species

An Irregular light stripe extending from 6Y8 31011:? edge

of vertex to the other eye; vertex and pronotum
b1ack,densely spotted with white; elytra red or
reddish brown with black veins...........1atera1is
Light stripe absent; vertex and pronotum scantily
spotted with light spots; elytra and veins con-

colorous dark brown. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .limbata

Cuerna lateralis (Fabricius)

 

Cercois late'ralis Fabricius, J. C. 1798. Supplementun ento-

 

 

mologiae systematicae. P. 524.

_Cerconi.s_ 37151333333119: Fabricius, J. C. 1803. Systema rhyngo-
torum P. 96.

Rttigonia striata Walker, F. 1851. List of the specimens
of Homopterous insects in the collection of the British
Museum 3:775.

Bittigonig lugens Walker, F. 1851. List of the specimens
0f Homopterous insects in the collect ion of the British

MLISeum 3 :775.

1e”igonzi_a pyrrhotelus Walker, F. 1851. List of the speci-

 

m<i‘ns of Homopterous insects in the collection of the

British Museum 3:775.

Léngt11 7.0-8.0 mm. Head and remainder of body, excepting
Glytta, black with numerous ivory colored spots. Face with
a narrow ivory stripe along the upper margin of the frons.
An ivory band running from the eye along margin of abdomen

to r) . . .
.VSOfer. Hind fe"ora with an ivory stripe along outer

edge. Iflytra red with dark veins and dark longitudinal
sections in.discal areas.

(hierna lateralis may be distinguished from g. limhata
by the {aresence of a narrow ivory stripe along the unper
margin <of the frons and the red elytra with the distinguish-
ing black veins.

Herbaceaus plants are the conunon hosts of this Species
and is Icnown to be a vector of phony beach disease.

Disrtribution: From the eastern U. S. to the northwest.
The folilowing records indicate that this species, although
rarely (:ollected, is distributed throughout most of the
state. UP. Alger Co.: Chatham, June 15, 16‘, June 7, 1.9,
1901; Gogebic Co., July 23, 1919 (T.I-I.II.) 29, CIR—1:] Keveenaw
Co.:t3cnoyer Harbor, August 25, 1954 (C. Taboada), 12. NLP.
Cheboygan Co., July 21, 1941 (T. w. Porter), 13‘; Emmet Co.
August 4, 1918 1ifi-Jlfl; Montmorency Co.: Atlanta, July 20.,
1940. 19; Missaukee Co.: Lake City, June 22, 1948 (D. Bray),
1?; Oteola Co., August 6, 1903 (E. H. Frothington) 13: Eta:
Presque ISIe Co., July 19, 1942, 1?; Roscommon Co.: Higgins

1 . .
Ida-fie, East Lansing, 1882, 190

Cuerna limbata (Say)

ngw limbata Say, T. 13:20. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila.

Jour. 4:340.
Length 8.0 mm. Head and remainder of body, excepting

e1 . . .
Ytra, black with a few ivory or yellowish spots. \n ivory

hand running from the eye along Islargin of abdomen to nygofer.
Hind femora with an ivory stripe along outer edge, sometimes
absent or interrupted... Elytra deep dark brown.

Cuerna limbatoa may be distinguished from 2. lateralis

 

 

in that the vertex, pronotum and scutellum are scantily
spotted with light colored spots. In addition, the elytra

and veins are concolorous dark brox-m.

C3

ierne (1956) indicates this Species is found in the
grasslands of Canada. This suggests that it is found in the
same habitat in Michigan.

Distribution: From the east to the west coast within
the northern portion of the U. S. It is believed that this
Species will be found in other areas of the state at some
future date. SLP. Ingham Co.: East Lansing, April 16, 1889,
1?; April 17, 18‘, May 1, 12-19, and May 17-2, 13, 1890; April

27, 1923 ’ 18.

GIMPUOCEP’L-UA Van Duzee

Eliaphocephaia Van Duzee, 13. P. 1916. Check list of the
Hemiptera (excepting the Aphididae, Aleuroididae and
Coccidae) of America North of Mexico. P. 66.

Head nearly as wide as pronotum; vertex flat, anterior
margin ‘Vith a dark stripe and roundedly produced. The face
in I-‘IOfile convex. Pronotum wider than long with almost
parallel Sides, broadest at posterior margin concave and

sh . . . -
£1110le notched. Elytra wlth a distinct appendix. Colored

 

conspicuously with yellow, green or blue, and red or orange.
There are five species recorded in the U. 8., one

occurs in Michigan and the others, of which versuta is the

vector of Phony peach disease are southeastern and south-

west ern in dist ribut ion .

Graphocephala coccinea (Forster)

Cicada. coccinea Forster, J. R. 1771. Novae Species insect-

 

orum; centuria 1:69.

length 7.5-8.5 mm. IIead almost as wide as pronotum;
vertex yellow with a black band along the roundedly produced
margin; frontal sutures black. Face in profile strongly
convex and yellow. Pronotum almost parallel sided; poster-
ior margin concave; anterior margin yellow; posterior por-
tion green or blue with red or orange spots. Elytra green
or blue with longitudinal red or orange stripes (Fig. 34).

This species may occur in large enough numbers to cause
economic injury to 1399113 51)., and ornamental shrubs.

D-‘°LS1:ribution: Common throughout the eastern half of
the U. S. This Species is very cannon throughout the state.
UP. (July 8-August 26), Alger Co.: Munising; Baraga Co.:
L'Anse ; Chippewa Co.: Drummond Island; Dickinson Co.: Vulcan;

Gogebic Co.- Keweenaw Co.: Isle Royale; Luce C04 ”19110135335

C - '
°" Menominee; Ontonagon Co.: Bergland, Porcupine Mts.:

S
choolcraf-t Co.: Manistique. NLP. (July 18-38Pt0 9), Alcona

00..
, Cheboygan Co.; Burnet Co.; Isabella Co.; Manistee Co.:

 

Missaukee Co.: Lake City; Montmorency Co.; Osceola Co.;
Otsego Co.: Vanderbilt; Presque Isle Co.; Roscommon Co.:
Houghton Lake. SLP. (June 29-Sept. l9), Berrien Co.: Benton
Harbor; Calhoun Co.; Hillsdale Co.: East Lansing; Ionia Co.:
Ionia; Jackson Co.; Kalamazoo Co.: M.S.U. Biol. Sta.; Kent.:
Alto, Grand Rapids; Lenawee Co.; Monroe Co.; Shiawassee Co.:

Owosso; Van Buren Co. : Grand Junction.

DRAISCI’ LACEPI IALA B all

aneculacephala Ball, E. D. 1901. Proc. Iowa Acad. of Sci.

 

8- : 66.

Head as wide as pronotum or slightly wider. In profile,
face appearing3-)c‘:7.31€f""-., slightly concave (Fig. 29). Vertex
flat, rvith rounded anterior margin somewhat elevated; yellow
with dark lines. Pronotum with parallel sides and usually
the post erior two thirds green, anterior portion yellow.
Elytra. dark green with veins raised, often paler in color;
apical area reticulate veined.

SiXteen species have been recorded in the U. 8., of
Which three are known to be vectors of virus diseases.

fight Species of this group are found in Michigan.

Key to Species

1.
Fania-leg.oooooooeooooeo..ooeooooooeooeoooeooeooooeeooo 2

Males - 9

Length 9.0 mm. Vertex decidely longer than wide....
.........................................antica
9. Antennal pits dark; dark area of pits extending pos-
teriorly to last thoracic pleuron (Fig. 29.
Narrow stripes on edge of vertex between eyes
and frontal sutures faint or often absent....... 11
Ant ennal pits partially dark; dark area. beyond pits
absent. A broad dark band on edge of vertex be-
tween eyes and frontal sutures.................. 10
10. A dark triangular spot just back of apex. Dark
band between eye and frontal suture 1inear......

. O0......00.0.00...OO00......OOOOOOOOOangUJ-ifera

 

Triangular spot absent. Dark bands in front of eyes
broad....................................21;:m_:i_r3;§
11- Length 6.0-6.5 mm.................................. 12
Length 7.0-8.0 mm.................................. 13
12. Vertex longer than wide and longer than pronotum.

Terminus of ventral process of aedeagus pointed

(Fig. 38A)...eeeoeeoeoeoooooooeeoeoooeoomollipes

 

V9131: ex as long as wide and a little shorter than
Dronotum. Terminus on ventral process of aedea-
gus rounded with a median notch (Fig. 37A)......

- - ..0.O.00......O00.00.0000...OOOCOOOOEQnStriCta

 

13. . . o 0 0
Brmvnlsh vermian markings on anterior portion of

pronotm‘ LCngth boo moo.......o......paludosa

 

b .
‘arklngs absent. Length 7.0-7.5 mm................ 14

14. v
en"Uta-1|. process of aedeagus narrow and long with a

 

I ‘Iut‘

rounded terminus and a median notch (Fig. 39A).
Tips of paired spine-like structures straight
(Fig. 39B)................................antica
Vent ral process of aedeagus broad and pointed with-
out apical notch. Tips of paired spine-like
st ructures curved dorsally...................... 15
15. Vent ral process gently sloping post eriorly to a
broad neck (Fig. 363) . Paired process extending

almost to apex of terminus (Fig. 36A)...producta

 

Ventral process abruptly curved to a slender neck
(Fig. 353). Paired processes directed towards
ventral process and terminating far fran apex

0f terminus (Fig. 35A)..................portola

Draeculacephala prasina (walker)

 

Rttigonia prasina Walker, F. 1851. List of the specimens
0f I“Iomopterous Insects in the collection of the Bri-

t i 811 Museum. 3:768.

W goveboracensis Fitch, A. 1851. N. Y. State Univ.

 

Regents Ann. Rep. 4:56.

Length of male 8.0 mm. and female 8.5-9.0 mm. Vertex
Yellow, Shorter than wide and shorter than pronotum, in
male appearing more blunt; with two black spots near the

apex and a broad b1ack band on margin between eyes and fron-

t
31 sutures, often faint in female. Pronotum wider than

lonfl‘ . o 0
s. ante;- 10: margln yellow, posterior area dark green;

occasionally, a thin white stripe longitudinally bisecting
it and the yellow scutellum. Elytra dark green; margin and
apices opaque light colored, margins often yellow; veins
white or light colored.

This Species may be distinguished from _D_. angulifera
by the broad dark bands on margin of vertex between eyes
and frontal sutures. Vertex decidedly wider than long;
maculae faint.

Distribution: Common throughout the U. S. The follow-
ing records indicate that this species is well distributed
in the state. UP. (July 7-August 31), Alger Co.: Wetmore;
Baraga Co.: L‘Anse; Gogebic Co.: Watersmeet; Luce Co.;
Mackinac Co.: Cedarville, St. Ignace; Marquette Co.; Ontona-
gon Co. : Bergland. NLP. (July 6-Sept. 1), Benzie Co.;
Cheboygan Co.; Bnmet Co.: Good Hart; Oscoda Co.: Luzerne.
SLP. (June 10-0“, 11), Berrien Co.: Benton Harbor; Gratiot
Co.; Ingham Co.: East Lansing, Dansville; Jackson Co.; Kent

00.: Alto; Shiawassee Co.: Owosso; Van Buren Co.: South

Haven .

Draeculacephala angulifera (Walker)

ESE-tigonig angulifera Walker, F. 1851. List of the species
0f Homopterous Insects in the collection of the British
Museum. 3:771.

Wala manitobiana Ball, E. D. 1901. Proc. Iowa

Acad- Of SCi. 8:700

Explanation of Plate 10.

35-39. Dracculacephala male genitalia.

35.
36.

37.,

33.

39.

 

 

Bortola, A; lateral view, B; ventral view.
Eroducta, A; lateral view, B; ventral view.

constricta, A; lateral view, B; ventral view.

 

molliges, A; ventral view, B; lateral view.

antica, A; ventral view, B; lateral view.

Length of male 7.5 mm. and female 8.5-9.0 mm. In both
sexes vertex yellow; anterior margin with at least three
parallel submarginal light brown stripes. Dark bands in
front of eyes linear. Vertex in male about one-third wider
than long; a black triangular macula posterior to two black
apical spots, the lateral angles of the macula branch pos-
teriorly and laterally to frontal sutures; a stripe connects
the base of triangle and posterior margin of vertex. In
female, vertex more angled than male; slightly wider than
long. Apical spots of vertex reduCed, with two dark brown
oblique stripes on either side of median dark brown stripe.

In both sexes, anterior portion of pronotum yellow;
posterior portion green, scutellum yellow; elytra dark green,
margins opaque light colored to yellow, apices opaque light
colored, veins whitish.

The linear dark bands between eyes and frontal sutures,
and the vertex‘being slightly wider than long will distin-
guish this Species from,Q. prasina.

Distribution: Found in the northern portion of the
U. S. from coast to coast. This species is scarcely'found
in the state. UP. (July 7-Aug. 27), Alger Co.: Shingleton;
Dickinson Co.: Waucedah, July (day ?) (w. W. Newcomb) 2:,
[3E]; Gogebic Co.: Watersmeet; Keweenaw Co.: Isle Royale.
NLP. (August 6), Missaukee Co.: Lake City. SLP (July 13),
Montcalm Co.; Washtenaw Co.: Little Portage Lake, Oct. 7,
1937 (I. J. Cantrall) 1$,E11~1].

Draeculacephala nollipes (Say)

 

Tettigonia mollipes Say, '1‘. 1831. Acad. rfat Sci. Phila.

 

Jour. 6: 312.

Length of male 6.0 pm. and female 7.5-8.0 mm. Ver-
tex as long as or slightly longer than wide and slightly
longer than pronotum. Vertex yellow, narrow light brown
markings faint or often absent. Anterior portion of pro-
notum yellow, posterior }ortion dark green. Scutellum
yellow, elytra concolorous with pronotum; veins often
light 0016: ed with margins and anices Of‘aque light colored.
Male st ornal plates long and tap cred. In ventral view.
are}: of ventral. rrocess of aedeagus pointed; lateral seine-
like processes elongate, curved and extending pesteriorly
to tip of aedeagus (Fig. 38). In lateral view, caudal
Portion of ventral process of aedeagus curves utward, an-
terior portion curved. dorsally; Stine-like processes with
thick basal processes and curved dorsally. Posterior mar-
Sin of female seventh sternum mesal‘sy tapered to a rounded
apex.

Draeculacephala mollipes may be distinguisl‘led from 2.
W by having the vertex slightly longer than wide
and slight 1y longer than pronotwn. Terminus of ventral
Process Of aedeagus of male pointed (Fig. 38).

DiStribution: Common throughout the U.S. This snee-

ie

C' 1 o 1 .
0 13-5 been found only in the Lower Penninsula. NP.

(Aug, 6 ) ,

‘

Chehoyean Co.: Cheooygan; 33111116“; Co.; Osceola Co.;

Cscoda Ce.° Luzerne. 3L1“. (rxiay 25-Sept. .44), Allegan Co.;
Clinton Co.: De Mitt; Gratiot Co.; Ingham Co.: Dansville,
East Lansing; Ja Ecson Co.: Jackson; Kent Co.: Alto; Liv-

Q

ingston Co.; Maeomb Co.: Utica; Cttru-Ja Co.: Cornersville,
Holland; Saginaw Co.; Sanilac Co.: Port Sanilac; St Joseph
Co.; Van Buren Co.: Gobles; Washtenaw Co.: Ann Arbor;

Wayne Co.: Detroit.

Draeculacephala constrieta Davidson 8: DeLong

[Eaeculaeehhala censtricta Davidson, R.II. 8; DJT. Belong.

1943. Ohio Jour. Sci. 43 (4:3:193.

Length of male 6.5 mm. and female 8.0 mm. Vertex as
long as wide and shorter than 'ronotum. Light brown long-
itudinal 13131-1311133 on vertex faint. Anterior "(1‘ tion of
pronottrn yellow, posterior portion dark green. Scutellrm
green; elytra dark green with light colored veins; margins
and apices opaque lir'ht colored. Male sternal plates long
and tapered. In ventral View, ventral process of aedeagus
narrate": before base, anex rounded and feebly emarginated;
lateral spine-like processes wide at base and curved, the
tits often cross far before a*-ex of aedeagus (Fig. 37).

In lateraj view. caudal. portion of ventral process of
aedeagus Slightly curved dorsally; lateral spine-like
processes thick at base, extending res teriorly and curved
dorsall3'.

Posterior margin of female seventh sternum

Inc a . . " o
8 fly tabered to a round apex, Similar to U. mollipes.

This Species :20}; he «'Tistingrished from )1. Elli-LEE“: by
ha ing the vertex as long as tide and s3:orter than pronotum.
Terminus of ventral process of aedeagus of male rounded. with
1‘ shallow median notch.

Distribution: Common throughout the eastern and
middlewestern states. The following records indicate that
this species has not been frequently collected in the Lower
Penninsula. NLP. (July 7), Benzie Co.; Jheboygan Co. SLP.
(June 12.-Sept. 17), Ifillsdale Co.; Ingham Co.: East Lansing;
Jackson Co.: Brooklyn; Kent Co.: Alto; Oakland Co.: Ottawa

Co.: Holland; Shiawassee Co.: Owosso.

Draeculacefhala portola Ball

Eaaeculacephala portola Ball, E. D. 1927. Fla. Ent. 11:35.
Length of male 7.5 mm. and female 9.5 mm. Vertex yellow
with faint light brown narrow lines; in female, slightly
longer than wide and as long or slightly longer than prono-
tum; in male, as long as wide. Anterior portion of pronotum
Venow; posterior portion dark green. Scutellum yellow.
Elytra dark green with lifiht veins, margins and apices opa-
que ligllt colored. Male plates long and narrowed to a round
apex. In ventral view, ventral process of aedeagus curved
Sharply to form a slender neck; paired spine-like processes
Edam-inf: outward, then curved toward aedeagus, but termina-

tino ° '
:3 Hillel-1 before the apex of terminus. In lateral View,

poste ' . .
1110:: portion of ventral process slightly upturned,

anterior portion sharply curved dorsally; spine-like pro-
cesses thick at base and extending caudally then recurved
dorsally far before the apex of aedeagus (Fig. 35). Median
area of posterior margin of female seventh sternum produced
to form a blunt apex.

The female length (9.5 mm.) and the vertex being
slightly longer than wide will distinguish this species
from the female of Q. producta. The male's ventral process
of aedeagus which abruptly curves to form a slender neck and
the paired processes which are directed towards the ventral
Process and teminating far from apex will distinguish this
Species from the xzale of _D_. producta.

"his Species is the vector of Sugar cane chlorotic

Streak in sugar producing areas.

Distribution: This Species was previously reported

from the southeastern states and Illinois, but it is now
found in Michigan. UP. (Sept. 7), Alger Co.: Chatham. NLP.
(August 17), Muskegon Co.: Muskegon Hts.; m. Cheboygan
C0.: Douglas Lake 13' and 19 E113; SLP. (June Zl-Sept. 8),
Clinton Co.; Ingham Co.: Dansville, East Lansing; Kent Co.:

Alto; Van Buren Co.: South Haven.

Draeculacephala paludosa Ball 8; China

thala paludosa 139.11, E. 1)., 5:: w. 13. China. 1933.

Kans- Ent. Soc. Jour. 6:3.

Length of male 8.0 171121. and female 10.0-11.0 mm. Vertex

yellow with conspicuous dark narrow lines. Anterior portion

0f pronotum yellow with brownish vermian markings; posterior
portion green. Scutellum yellow, elytra dark green, usually
with light colored veins. Margins and apices of elytra

opaque light colored. Male genitalia same as portola.

The brownish vermian markings on anterior portion of
pronotum, and the length, 10.0-11.0 mm. will distinguish

this species from 2. portola.

Swamps and marshes are the common habitat of this spe-

cies, eSpecially bulrushes, "59”:3': 99.
Distribution: Transcontinentally distributed on the
northern portion of U. S. This species has been rarely
collected in the state. NLP. Cheboygan Co.: Cheboygan,
July 13, 1939 (F. IIubbs) 1a and 11L: July 28, 1932 (J. Leo-
nard) 3511113]. SLP. Ingham Co., July 30, and August 1, 1948,

1?- . East Lansing, June 27, and July 6, 1939, 1?.

Draeculacephala producta (Walker)

gettigonii producta Walker, F. 1851. List of the species of

 

Horn<>pterous Insects in the collection of the British

Mus eum. 3:772.
d

W £91113 Walker, F. 1851. List of the species of

HORIOPterous Insects in the collection of the British
Musem. 337730

Te ' -
% minor Walker, F. 1851. List of the Species of

Homopterous Insects in the collection of the British

Museum. 3:772.
QEaeculacephala cubana Metcalf, Z. P., and S. C. Bruner.

1936. Puerto Rico Univ. Jour. Ag. 20:926.

Length of male 7.0 mm. and female 10.0 mm. Vertex yellow
With light brown narrow lines; in female as long as wide and
as long as pronotum; male, slightly wider than long and
Slightly shorter than pronotum. Anterior portion of prono-
tum and scutellum yellow; posterior portion dark green.
Elytra dark green with light colored veins; margins and
apices opaque light colored. Male sternal plates long and
narrowed to a rounded apex. In ventral view, ventral pro-
cess of aedeagus gently sloping posteriorly to a broad neck,
paired spine-like processes broad at base and extending
outward (Fig. 363). In lateral view, posterior portion of
ventral process slightly upturned; anterior process curved
dorsally. Spine-like processes slightly enlarged at base,
extending posteriorly then recurvec. dorsally near apex of
aedeagus (Fig. 36A). Female seventh sternum strongly pro-
duced at central area of posterior margin.

The female species may be distinguished from 2. portola
and 2. antica by the length (10.0 mm.), and by the vertex
”him“ is as long as wide and as long as the pronotum. The
male Spe cies may be distinguished from Q. portola and 2.
m by the ventral process of aedeagus which gently slopes

DOSterj-Orly to a broad neck and the paired processes which

ext~ - '
end almost to apex of terminus.

Distribution: Originally described from Florida, but

now recorded from Illinois, California, Colorado, liasirington
and Michigan's Lower Penninsula. I‘ELP. (July 20-August 24),
Iosco Co.: Alabaster; Manistee Co.: I-lanistee; lfiuskegon Co.
SLP. (June 22-Sept. 1), Berrien Co.: Benton Harbor; Clinton
Co.; Ing‘lam Co.: Dansville, East Lansing; Jackson Co.;

Kalamazoo Co.; Livingston Co.; Wayne Co.

Draeculacephala antica (Ualker)

lettigonia antica E‘Jalker, F. 1851. List of the Species of

L.

IIomopterous Insects in the collection of the British.

Zduseum. 3:771.

Lemgth of male 7.0 mm. and female 9.0 mm. Vertex yellow
With faint light brown narrow lines; in female, decidedly
longer than wide and longer than pronotum; male, slightly
longer than wide and as long as pronotum. Anterior portion
0f pronotum yellow; posterior portion dark green. Scutellum
Yelloxv, elytra dark green with light colored veins; margins
and apices opague light colored. Male sternal plates long
and narrowed to rounded apices. In ventral view, ventral
DrOcess of aedeagus narrow and long with rounded terminus
and a :n eciian notch; base of paired Spine-like processes
broad, sloping to narrow tips which extend beyond apex of
aedeagus (Fig. 39). Female seventh sternum concavely then
roundcdly produced towards center of posterior margin.

The length of the female (9.0 121111.), and the vertex

Million - . . o o o o o o
‘ ls (ICC1CledlY longer than wide, will distinguish this

species from Q. portola and Q. nroducta. The male's ventral
‘process of aedeagus, which is narrow and long with a rounded
terminus and a median notch and the paired spine-like struc-

tures which are almost straight will distinguish this species

from the males of Q. portola and 2. W.
Distribution: Common throughout the eastern and
middlewestern states. This species has been collected from
one location in Michigan's Upper Penninsula, however, it may
be more widespread than the records indicate. UP. (July 8),
Dickinson Co. NLP. (June 61-August 7), Cheboygan Co.; Bnmet

Co.: Good Hart; Manistee Co.: lanistee; Oceana Co.: Shelby;

Roscommon Co.: Houghton Lake. SLP. (May 5-Sept. 8), Clinton

(30.: Bath; Ingham Co.: East Lansing; Jackson Co.: Jackson;

Kent Co.' Alto, Grand Rapids; Livingston Co.; Macomb Co.;

Ottawa. Co.: Holland; Shiawassee Co.: Owosso; i‘fastenaw Co.:

Ann Arbor, Dexter; Wayne Co.: Garden City.

Sub family APIHZODINAE

The most distinguishing character of this group is the
ocelli lvhich are distant from the eyes and just poterior to
the margin of the vertex. The head is as wide as the prono-
tum or slightly wider. In addition, the vertex appears de-
pressed and angularly produced between the eyes.

The Species of this group are similar to the Kestoce-
w in that they normally stay close to the ground in

deC 7'
aying Vegetation and roots of herbaceous plants. However,

they are often collected with a net.

This subfamily contains only one genus.

AP! {RC DES Curt i s

Ahilrcdes Curtis, J. 1833. 1311:. Mag. 1(19X195.

icucenhalus Germar, E. F. 1833. Silbermann's Revue Entomol-

 

I101 etaera Zetterstedt, J. '.».'. 1838. Insecta Lapponia. Col.

C“

288 .

Head shorter than pronotum but as wide or slightly
wider. Pronotum sloping to a depressed vertex; anterior
margin of vertex thin, sometimes acute and upturned. Ocelli
distant from eyes and slightly above the margin. Vertex’and
Pronotum rugose or granulose; elytra without appendix.

The species generally appear stout, but the coloration
varies from dark to light brown with darker brown spots or
markings, light bands on the pronotum and vertex, hyaline
areas or some combinations of the aforementioned colors.

Except for one species, the coloration of the males is
unreliable as a diagnostic character, however, the male
genitalia are the most reliable for the separation of most
Of the species. All six species that occur in the U. 8.
appear to Spread out fan-like from their center of distribu-
tiOn in the northeastern area. None are found in the west

0 . . o
r southxqest and three are found in Michigan.

Key to Species

1. Males with a yellow transverse band on pronotum
(Fig. 443); aedeagus without processes arising at
apex of shaft (Fig. 44A); females 7.0-8.0 mm. in
length......................................costata
.MaJes without transverse band; aedeagus with a pair
of processes arising at apex; females 7.0 mm. or
less in length..................................... 2
2. Aeadeagus with one pair of processes arising at middle
of shaft (Fig. 43); females not more than 4.5 mm.

.in length.............................f1avostrigata

 

Aecieagus without processes arising at middle of shaft

(Fig. 41); females not more than 7.0 mm....agrestis

 

Aphrodes costata (Panzer)

Cicada. (:ostata Panzer, G. w. P. 1799. Faune Insectorum Ger-

mzariicae. 61:14.

Cicada Ilervosa Shrank, F. von. 1781. Enum. Ins. Aust. 252.

 

Egrcopis strigata Fabricius, J. C. 1803. Syst. Rhyng. 96.
Circopis transversa Fabricius, J. C. 1803. Syst. Rhyng. 96.
ESECopii Estica Fabricius, J. c. 1803. Syst. Rhyng. 97.
QCICOPig _sl:riate11a Fabricius, J. C. 1803. Syst. Rhyng. 98.

flflicephalus bicinctus Curtis, J. 1836. Brit. nut. 13, pl. 620.

 

Ellcephalus cardui Curtis, J. 1836. Brit. Pint. 13, p1. 620.

flgflflaiihlfifiji faciatus Curtis, J. 1836. Writ. Ent. 13, p1,6zo,
éflflfiiflflliEifi obscurus Curtis, J. 1836. Brit. But. 13, pl. 620.

}_l
Ft

figucephalus gallidus Curtis, J. 1836. Brit. Ent. 13, pl. 620.

_A_c_ucepha1us rugosus Curtis, J. 1836. Brit. lint. 13, pl. 620.

Agucephalus sparsa Curtis, J. 1836. Brit. lint. 13, pl. 620.

figucephalus unicolor Curtis, J. 1836. Brit. Ent. 3, pl. 620.

flphrodes pulverulenta Curtis, J. 1837, Brit. Ent. 14, pl.

633.

Acocephalus Adustus Hardy, J. 1850. Trans. Tyneside Hat.

Club. 1:429.

Length 5.5-8.0 rm. Vertex P.,}lf‘flllill‘ly produced between

the eyes and thin margined; shorter than pronotum. Striae

on vertex longitudinal; on pronotum transverse. Pronotum

With light or yellmvish transverse band; faint on light

: O O O O
iorms (Fig. 443). A sinilar band 13 often present on vertex

between the eyes. Elytra concolorous with vertex and pro-

notum, in darker forms main veins, specially outer claval

vein liyaline. Aedeagus t-zithout lateral processes arising at

apex of shaft (Fig. 44a).
Female not banded on pronotum or on vertex. The general

Colorat ion is of some shade of brown with irrorations or

SDotted. There are no reliable characters to separate the

females - However, the males may be easily separated from

the other species by the banded pronotum and the aedeagus.

Distribution: This Species is recorded from across

the northern part of the U. S. and is widely found in
Mlchigan. Up. (July 11-August 2) Chippewa Co.: 34.3.17. Sum.
(393113; Luce (30,. Manistee Lake, Newberry; Mackinac Co.:

Brev . . - - .
ort, I‘~1enominee Co.; Cntonagon Co.: Silver City; Scnool-

ill

craft Co.: hianistique. NLP. (July 7-5.u.(:1.:st 2) Cheboygan (‘30.;
Cheboygan; Mason Co.; Missaukee Co.: Lake City. 3L“. (June
l3-Ju1y 29) Calhoun Co.; Clinton Co.: De Uitt; Hillsdale Co.;
Huron Co.: Pigeon; Ingham Co.: East Lansing, N.3.U.; Jackson
Co.: Brooklyn; Kalamazoo Co.: Augusta; Lenawee Co.; washte-

naw Co.: Ann Arbor; Wayne Co.: Detroit.

Aphrodes flavostrigata (Donovan)

 

Cicada flavostrigata Donovan, E. 1799. Brit. Ins. 8:88.

 

Jassus rivularis Geriar, B. F. 1821. Mag. F.t. 4:89.

 

Length 3.0-4.5 mm. Vertex angularly produced with thin
anterior margin; shorter than pronotum. In profile, vertex
depressed; frons subconvex. General coloration light to
dark brown with darker markings or irrorations, in addition,
elytra with hyaline spots scattered throughout, a few along
margins. Male aedeagus with a pair of processes arising at
middle of shaft (Fig. 43); seventh sternum of female with
a deep "V"-shaped notch at middle of posterior margin.

The deep ”V” notch of the female seventh sternite and
the lateral process of the male which are at the middle of
the aedeagal shaft will easily separate them from the other
species.

ms '
.1

Distribution: his species has been recorded only from

N. Y., Ohio and Vt. In Michigan it has been rarely collec-

ted, but its sites indicate that it is spread throughout the

state. UP. Menominee Co., July 12, 1955 (O. Taboada) 19. NLP.

Cheboygan Co., July 20, 1932 (J. Leonard) 132 August 7, 1939
hubbs) lfJflfi]; Crawford Co.: Higgins Lake, Summer 1932
(Keller) Zijpfil. SLP (July 13-August 25) Ingham Co.: East

Lansing.

Aphrodes agrestis (Fallen)

A

Cicada agrestis Fallen, C. F. 1806. Nya Vandl. Svenska Vet.

 

Akad. 27:23.

Tettigonia mixta Say, T. 1825. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. Jour.

 

4:341.

Length 5.0-7.0 mm. Vertex angularly produced between
the eyes and shorter than pronotum. General coloration
light to reddish—brown with darker brown irrorations; elytra
lighter in color.

Male with one pair of processes at apex of aedeagus
shaft (Fig. 41). This character serves to distinguish this

Species from costata and flavostrigata. The characters of

 

the female are not as dependable as those of the male.
This species may be found in grasses of moist lowlands.
Distribution: This species is widespread in the north—
eastern and midwestern states. Only one Specimen has been
found in Michigan. SLP. Livingston Co., Mar. 3, 1938 (I.
J. Cantrall) 15, [9f].

Subfamily XBSTCCEPHALINAE

The.Xestocephalinae include some of the smaller leaf-

hoppers, usually not exceeding 4 mm. in length. They are
robust, the head narrower than pronotum and bluntly rounded
anteriorly. Ccelli on anterior margin of head and distant
from the eyes. Antennae are near the eyes.

Only one genus is recorded in the United States for

this subfamily.

XESTOCEPHALUS Van Duzee

Xestocephalus Van Duzee, E. P. 1894. Buffalo Soc. Nat. Sci.

 

Bul. 5(16):214.

The members of thfs genus are robust and small leaf-
hoppers. The head in lateral view is bluntly rounded, in
dorsal view the vertex is distinctly produced between the
eyes. The ocelli are near the eyes. Head narrower than
pronotum. Pronotum broad; appendix of forewings small or
absent.

The general coloration is from dark broxn to light
brown with spots. The present system of separating the
species depends on color and markings. Until better diag-
nostic characters are found, they will continue to be diffi-
cult to separate.

This subfamily and the Aphrodinae are composed of spe-
cies that stay close to the ground in decaying vegetation
and roots of herbaceous plants. There are fourteen species
found in the United States, two of these are found in Mich-

igan.

Key to Species

vertex and pronotum dark brown, almost black; unmarked..

.000.ooooooooooooo00.0.0.00.00....cocoooooonigrifrone

 

vertex and pronotum pale brown, with hyaline markings

(Fig. 40)....OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOCOO.‘OpUlicarius

 

Xestocephalus pglicarius V. D.

 

Xestocephalus pulicarius Van Duzee, E. P. 1894. Buffalo

Soc. Nat. Sci. Bul. 5(16):215.

Length 2.5-3.75 mm. Vertex shorter than wide and shor-
ter than pronotum. Anterior margin of vertex roundedly
produced between the eyes. Cverall color pale brown with
darker markings on vertex, pronotum and elytra (Fig. 40).
hyaline markings on pronotum and elytra, often prominent;
some markings on claval area meeting at commissure to form
a V'v."

Distribution: Recorded throughout the eastern half of
the country. Five specimens have been recorded, but their
points of collection indicates that this species may be
better distributed than the records indicate. NLP. lissaukee
Co.: Lake City, August 28, 1947, 12. SLP. Ingham Co.: East
Lansing, August 14, 1956 (Ii. D. Niemczyk) 22, M.S.U., June

23, 1920, 135 Monroe Co.: La Salle, Sept. 2, 1920, 19.

Xestocephalus nigrifrons Csborn

 

Xestocepflglus nigrifron§_ Osborn, H. 1915. Maine Ag. Exp.

Sta. Bul. 238:109.

Length 2.0-2.5 mm. Vertex shorter than wide and shorter
than Pronotum. Anterior margin roundedly produced between
the eyes; face dark. Gross appearance dark brown or black.
Vertex, pronotun and elytra uniformly dark brown; often
inconspicuous light areas around margins of wings.

Distribution: This species is distributed throughout
the eastern states. In Michigan, it has been found in only
one location. The habit of the adult of staying close to

th ground in decaying vegetation and roots of herbaceous

(D

plants makes it more difficult to find; perhaps this is the
reason urhy it has not been found elsewhere in the state.

SLP. Cass Co.: Union, June 12, 1955 (Ii. L. Fischer) 59-.

Sub fan 1y UYTYTC SCCF II FAF

The leafhopjers of this group are easily distinguished
by the Presence of short hairs on the elytra, the short ver-
'tex and 1: heir robust appearance.

D"IO genera, Stragania and PachyopsisJ are found in the

 

United 31: at es.

—‘

W Still, (3, 1859. Handligar Kongliga svensla Veten-
s‘iabs-Academiers. 3(6) :49.

car” - ., o o o 0

MW FO“"1°’79 ‘.:'. a. 1896. Biologia Centra11-.‘mer1cana,

II N .
0‘ *OZ‘tera. 2:167.

The head is narrover than pronetuxrx, with the vertex
short. The ocelli on face near the marrtin of vertex. Pro-
notum and scutellum transversely stiate. The elytra. are
broad and clothed with many hairs.

There are 22 species in this group recorded in the
United States. They are primarily distributed in the south-
west and west to California. 9;. aniceiis, one of the four
eastern species has been found in large numbers in Illinois,
and it is suspected that it occurs in l-Iichirta..

U

Straaenia apicalis (Osborn & Ball)

iacropsis apica .is Csborn, II. 8: 12. D. Ball 13 8. "avenport
Acad. Sci. Proc. 7:64.

Lcrqpsis alabarz‘ensis Baker, C. F. 1900. Phyche. 9:58.

 

 

Length 4.5—5.0 mz-z. Color varies from its usual bright-
green to yellowish. Elytra hyaline-green with greenish
hairs (Fig, 42); often with brownish markings. General
appearance is short and robust. Vertex wide and parallel
Illargined ; posterior margin concave. Appendix of elytra
broad. Llalc valves produced posteriorly; seventh sternum of
female roundedly produced and with a mesal notch.

Distribution: Distributed from the southeastern to
the micldlewestern states. Up to date this species has not
been 001 lected in Michigan, but since the. host plant, honey

10311515. Gleditsia sp. is present in the state, it should be

 

found here

40.
41.
42.
43.

44.

Explanation of Plate 11

Xestocephalus pplicarius, adult.

 

 

Aphrodes acrestis, aedeagus of male.

 

Stragania apicalis, adult.

 

Aphrodes flavostrigata, aedeagus of male.

 

Aphrodes costata, A; aedeagus of male, B;

 

adult male.

118

 

 

a
" ‘34:?»

 

42 «nonm- A'ICALIO

‘ ...‘

”a

c HIM.”
‘° ‘33.. .u.

      
   
 

 

 

 

 

“!. \\\\\ f 1/
.‘ /’
APHIODIS

/
cosnn \ /
4 4 I ‘

m 8
‘ 3 A ' I. A223?! I GATA

Plate 11

IT“: ‘2:*-“"1;f1f.§ of this pump are lfiff’C', most are f-0
31in, robust and soz'te‘cszat depressed. 7"12‘“ head is usually
nro«\,‘h:cec,1, the margin of vertex is sharp, but sometimes
,1

roundec’. as in the rtenus Polana. The Ocelli are on thC isc

of the vertex an} are far from the eyes, rarely close to
the mare-in.

DCLonr‘; (19“.?) lists 11 genera and 159-, 5"ecies for the
United States, Canada. and ‘fexi co. In the I’nited States,
the 1’1an: ity of the. Staci 05 are (Eistrifmted in the south—
east to the soutIu-Jest and occur on many tyres of vegetation.

Foul: genera are found in Michigan.

Key to Genera

1

l. AHtC'r joy pargin of vertex in profile t.-::'-..c‘.~<ered.......

.--0.00.00.00.00...OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO0.0ponapa

 

[“1th ior margin of vertex share or feJ iaceous........ 2
2° Elytra reticulate veined, at least on apical portion;
ahbendix narrow................................... 3
Elytra with reticulati ons absent; arnendix broad...”
- - - ~§ZEQJE
3. Elytra’ usually t‘xe vertex and pronotmn, appearing
rllfiose or roughened...............‘........1’~1‘~’TOS?‘~”«’1

E Y ‘ 1..
131318», vertex and pronotuxn not rugose or roughened..

... ...OOOOOOOOOOCOOOO0..0.0.0.0....OOOOOOOGE’pc-‘nana

CY? C I‘ ~A Ge m a r

Gypona Gemar, 13.13. 1.921. Ev'agazin der entomoloaie. 4: 73.
Large, stout and ar‘eariz‘lp‘ der‘resseri. T'ronotuzr‘. broader

than vertex, lateral larj‘iz's thin; at least central tortion

transversely striated. Anterior 2.1arg'in of vertex thin and

foliaccoxts; in dorsal view rckuied or slithtly angular;

sur ace finely striated. Appendix of for wine, broad. The

general coloration is Ismaily yellowish-{ween to (freon,

frequently some arecres ex'lrbit sexual. dimorphism in color
and size. I’snally in the liff'wt forms a roun". black sr‘ot
is present on bronetum behind the eye; sets not visible
in black males.

Cne of the eij‘r‘rut spec‘. es that are recorded for the
United States, occurs in Hich‘ean, the others are western

*0

and 5013 ‘t 11'..-'estern ’p (17' stribut ion.

Gypona melanota Spaneberg

 

C ?\ ‘ \ o. o . o
vy..,o.1o._ Inelanota bpangberg, J. 1872‘. 131mm: till I-_.on.{:J_1ga

 

AVG 2:31.31 Vctc115f:a;‘:5-AI~Zandcmi{37‘S ”andlingar. 5: 19.

C n . O 1‘ o. ,\ o< o .. o
L ”m”- Clorsal 115 bpangaerg, J. 1 7“. 73:41am: till Loneliga

 

A\’ensk. Vetcns‘:ags-A‘.:ademiens Handlingar. 5: 30.

(“v _ , J "v on" "
.L'nonq bgiatn'jtctuiata ‘.'uoo-:‘.\-.'orth, C.‘-:. 1 ‘-/. .711. State lab.

 

I‘~T 77' '
~-€‘~t. ast. Bul. 3(2): 30.
G , W O vv 1 1‘ " H J T ’
.LY‘OLR mldra .JOOCL‘JIOIT'L’J, C.-~'. 19W. 711- state Jab. Fiat-
I3181:. Rul. 3(2): 31.

Length of male 9.5-9.(‘. art. and female 9.0-11.5 mm.

 

The fm'.t.".lcs arc yellowish-firCCU to free“ i?“- 00101‘? vertex:

A

prorot 11.; and scutelluzn in males vary from dark-brmm LO
dark gray, to shiny black trite yellow margins; elvtra 5 me-
what lighter i1: color. Light forms wit": a consnicuous dark
round spot on pronotun he":ind the eye, abser-t or reduced in
dark forzais.

Hales witT‘. aedeafjel shaft thick, abex blunt; lateral
Processes long, t"'eir sharp ends extending to about midpoint

of the sl‘aft. Posterior margin of last ventral seement of

female broadly V-shane/Y wit}: a shallow mesa] notch.

This species has been found commonly on Quercus.
Distribution: Fret; nort’icast to Colorado and Idaho.

It is not cox-11.1011le found in the Lover Penninsula of Michigan.
NLP. Buy Co.; 39:; City, Sent. 17, 1948 (D. Bray) 13‘; Crawford
CO., Sept. 10, (year) IJEE-fl; Mecos a Co., August 10, 1935
12 [D] 3 Midland Co., .Ilumzst 4, 1930 l? [D]; Roscomon Co.:
Hought on Lake, A"f‘fITSt 11, 1956 (C. Taboada) 15‘. SL1”. (July

()4A,-.’ .~,- . ' . . o
b- t\n;.‘,IISt 2J3) Ingmar: Co.: Fast Lan Sine; Van ’Zuren (10..

L

Lah't Oh, .-

PC NUTA g") a 1 1

3% Ran, 13.1). 1920. Ent. Soc. Am. Ann. 13(1): 93.
Large, averaginf 8 mm. in length, stout and anpearing
more Cy1im1rical than dCf‘l‘C‘SSCd. Head conspicuously narrower
than Dronotum. Anterior margin of vertex blunt, transversely

Q.

Stqut 1 o . I o 40 q o
" CC 1'71 th a transverse nonression immecaetely oe‘und the

ahical margin in hot“; dorsal and ventral aseects. Striae
of Vertex mostly transverse; ocelli on disc large, located
zuxaut lullf the distance between eye and meson. Pronotum
somewhat convex sloping; to vertex; central Portion trans-
versel y straited. Elytra with well developed aheendix.
Color, in general, is usually gram-yellow, yellowish-green
to orange and vaJ.‘:'Lou.slj~r market" with fuscous areas or Shots.
The coloration of the sneci es is constant and the seearation
Of the soecies in Penena is prime rily on these color charac-
ters. Very few diagnostic cha:acters are based on male
genitalia.

There are twenty-two Species recorded in the United
StatCS, most of which occur in the southeast and the south-
west, and variously distributed in the northeastern half of

the country, including adjacent areas of Canadc.

N1

 

'l‘ilia '5 reported to be the plant food of puncticolis.
Perhaps this is an indication that other species, for which

“0 fOOd plants have been recorded, are also woody plant

feede 1‘ S .

Key to Species

1' EIYtra with central area dark-brown to almost black;
Costal areas, vertex and prorotum yellow to

Yellowish-orange. . . . . . . .. .. . .. . . . . . . . ...Pectoralis

 

El‘f'tro. some color throurthout with spots or irrorations.2

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235,
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9C).
L"“!;f31 “.n-C n12:. ‘cel n rra‘er t an esenottt;
‘Vifi'Ji Ttlioa77j'1x113'cfi 3rd .‘VM't‘t"cc as 1,WM>:x. Ion".

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1"?‘;\ a

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I
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I

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.4

surface heavily markea Lib. red dots. filvtral

v '. -
Elms <3ften red. In ventral view, lateral erecess of

11'11 C q _,-'- ,~ 0 a . o
‘ ‘~Q»ueefi S yercees-like in strvcture, s aft w:th a small

\fi
IICL'

5r . . . “ . .
of? CHtrveu lateral erecesses at ar-t. ”esterior morein

Of 530 r‘ f‘ a
VTNItIX stirrnr or romale concavely excaveted on either

tTrc (3:151:51?! lni to d States aw": 1- est to Kansas anal Texas.
(.11.. seven 31‘xrjcij1CI‘._s have 730?} fore in tichigan, bl‘t tiey
new be four? r’n o'ft'mr areas of the. state 1'": t7‘-.e fixture.
NIP. CI 1: “bevee .11 Co., July 16, 1931 (C.'..-'. Sabrosiw) 13‘;
July 2, 10:10 1: [D]; Clare Co., July 3, 193:“, 18‘ [D];
manna: Co., 31:1; 20, 137 13‘ [D], J ly f‘, 1937 13‘ Lb];

v - ., 1‘136 13‘ [0], June 11, 1030 13‘ [D].

u.’
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Ponzn a rue/11“.. a DeLong, D.I2. 194.12. The (115.0 Stat e lniv.,

\O

Gr'x." . SCII. S-tl'CIQ 1:0. 5 I). C:

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Lortjjth 7.0-9.5 211:1. Tlead narro-Jer than tronet tuft;

V6131 C32 i)roa<ilv rounded and about one-half "3 low' at meson

L40

ween tae eye. General color :3 yellow to

.81 1-1)1‘0X'T‘3; often, 55:: b]..,.- tots or blotc cae nee-r

I.

—~ .3: margin of h"onetu". Ventral. view or lateral ero-
of aedeagus of gn’e enlarged at about middle;

Shaft narro-: a; (1 long with lone divergent slender

‘ t QC: 211); ces which are int-:ardlj: curved, between which is

file? 5 ° "
a 1'1b-'L2111cn'.£3 well u' to one-fourth from the ar—ices. .53-

J- V
VCI‘.» 11

sternum of female with median third slieiztly ero-

(illCee 9 ‘. . . , . _, .
1’ urz‘aely and 3.1a}. 1011:: not cued at middle forrrne, a

eair or

Distribut ion: r17: rily 1‘1.‘_r:ldle'.!estern in' distribu-

}-n

‘cuth to Kefitrcky and

"I . ." ‘ v, ,fl " l “.D --'. .v ' ’
.cnn1e“3ee luau west t; wearable and snxtxueat to Lexas and

‘3‘

Ariz 0:1 :1 . '17:“: 13" ”K“ 5 CC”:

grin and both are

1ens have been

rem the SQXC locatic

collected i? Mich:-

ll.

11981: 11115 113, July 732, 1941 aunt‘s. Aug, 3,

 

ngo-41 1?cct or lis Sear?

 

berg, J. 779.

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\v .,o
mat. "1512. 31:1. 3:

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-1947 132

Dilhm1f ill Kong-

iavr11H-.r. 5: 4o.

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T- C
Lxe1tgtn Q.O-lO.C mm.
b I‘ 9
Ct IQ en eyes (we: t t1"7e._
‘ Vertex, prorctun,

“FiLESh-oranfi‘, often

forth, (2.11.. 1.637. :11. Quite lab.

Rnt. 46(31‘: 3°9.

Vertex brondly retnded; width

the lcnfrth.
ccstal archs

inclzv<r I: tge

P

C?

ronotum w’der t1w.t

C

elytra yellow to

anterior half of

J

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(jure 6 - Aug. 3) Charlcvoix Co.: Dhyve galls; Cheboy"nn
Co.; Tmmet Co.; IffirIJnnd Co.; (terms. Co.; Tloscm‘vrw Co.
STI’. JXJ‘nvnn Cc“, Fennville, 31‘7“ 16, 1‘36 (1.”. Crfififfler}
1*; ii? ‘amazr‘c Co., 2.2.3.1). 333.55. ..1t1., JMj,‘ 6, 3.5776 (Tl.
gin-cg.) 1%; St 7530411 Co., Iicttrm , June 23, 1943 ((3.25.
sabro:3‘“y) 1?; Ca”:1:1m‘ Co., June .10 (year '5‘) 16‘ nnv’: 1?,[1’3‘3

“73511101111: Co., Ann Arbor, junc 17, (yes: ?) 1? 912d 1?, E17.

 

 

7,0113%". La in Def; 5, 0.. . 19-":?.. N” ("5.0 dirtc I’n'V.,
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p«‘.1c- ..cc. .0 30-10., 01. ‘_. ]l~ Mun-Jr...” , 1':- a Low
rfif‘ -‘ - -‘- ‘s an fl ‘ . . <' ‘ ...J— u 1.. a 1 .v Q C .1— ‘- . ~ - o
“'"9 3 ‘. _ l. . LU‘- -..)“ 1::34L1J ].'-.'. lifts C2. VOILE“ f‘ 111 ‘ 10-
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“2 .-.- LLC pupa..- 3. on... LtCLL) a . colors :10 so 3:..- J.-
131. J; :' ‘3‘ . «‘v- " " a 1 r‘r’xfifi. "".‘| ~. “’1" t .51.. . V,. 1"
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.“1 .f , . . ,.. ....-..'--f.!....1.n.- 4-1. 1“ -0. ,4. ,.-,-,\ ° 1 ' 1
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fr‘_0~~ .. ‘ ~ v ‘ 4' ‘ J- . H - 0 fl . ‘ Y .J- . Q
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{Xi} fl ‘ J- r . . . —~ I‘ . o .. . J-.' \ F 0 . r. f.‘ " ' U‘
1 -.. t1v<§_tfl1l(ls (‘J'w LA L :7 .?.St’311‘. :1211s m t .6 T3. .1.

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-.._ " ' '....' , A ‘ o ‘1 F.

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.LCf. €1r11 races IXJ'tf vur'(uws Jc“fitT
10017031........o....o......

TCIK1511¢1 yrcccsscs with bassl Anlf
{LCxIcaf1n3, othcr fullf tr strri 2:4

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Pin - _
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09

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rirht amples to

rved (Fifi. 46).

....Octolin

 

,

Cftcn towarms

o 000. o .SCrPC‘Itfl

 

lcvfi+H

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processes
(pi?- 4Q)Ooooo

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17 "C ..11.1:,J-=r*11t.7_1 c". v04, 1c: t:1_,_11111:1e1;1r‘?1

two alt-30.7.1: or" ($501 0:119.1'¢¢'1;“1-t;3 or: ventral :12}:-

F

:-':.11(Fi30 --‘4)ooocoo0000.0.000000....Ooooooov;2‘C!Yj’fi

 

Procmxms ere-45:12:: each (the: Cir-5e to sex;

zip-5.02.7. two-fifths of s ylcs .Llicz'1t7" c1:::vev_7

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vent :13 l”?.1.'ffj.n 1: 1 Chlaryjcrzcnts widely SC?“-

"rfii 0d (Fifi. 53)...........................tcnol]f

 

7. Précess: :13 abant one-{Mirth 1'20 U‘fstrgicc of
S’laitgooooooo00000000000000.oooooaoo......oogooooo k)
Processes 0.13m“; atto-‘c'tfrl ”t“. one-"1:113? -‘1c‘ (Lis—
tzfi-T‘CC C!" PJ‘s-Ito.00.00....o.00.00.00.00000000000009 C
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9.?‘03 CL :3. 0.1L; uesc 01 neumms an: and

thmorer‘. to NC}: (1731:". 57)................7.)rnv:?_?‘f1ma

 

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fl. ’TI‘I a X‘IEK’ICI‘.‘ {‘(‘TECQf-TUS (Paw. 56)..............QrCtP~

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a . I) i, ' ' ' LO ' Q . .
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\— (3711-. iv: 1211:,1'117; , L -e ap.-_cz1.L ye: L c; :s c07chrrg1'113

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Q::te~~.<’:irg 1t1::.rd=v then 702130.31" to nbnut 1131f

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(qt tile nLhC:;oooooo-o¢oo 14

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713nm sTmft;

................jt_}_1bera

 

from afido a'"ex and

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......o...o......hflfida

abicalfy; brecesses

cva
\ 4

1942. Chis State Pniv.,

37.

P.

4 1 ‘ 4‘ r~0° (C IV . : . -‘.
1&1 c1nr CL: d 913 In; +0 1.6

Q

orange

‘, ‘ a J- a q‘ ‘1 Q q . '.

A, flcvoLuJ 3" sc1t911VM.
..Q ,7. A 4- J. x ‘ v.4“ . .7 ‘ 1‘
Lyon ML cahL 1 {OLLlon Lita

 

waxy ~31 :1‘-.Ccs:_,s.cs :12.’;."" 2.1."; are .1 21:53:51; r. 02‘: am? (132:7.-
irtg 17'W'a11j' 1'1" 7:.”1't "‘.'(‘-".J:'.‘.'l'dS 'L' :C J_(.”"f‘i:.- “f Si‘flft.
Mica? Cur." (‘1' 134.22."? (:1 1“")‘1, sm::r-t._ ”:1 ventral 771:1?"537
"11:. with r: to*~1'.1 1“- .-::1.,y, ‘t'io; cv'rt'cfl. (thrzsml to n. bft'rt
tif‘ (Fifi. 4“). ocvmtfi ..t" 9311:“: rm” fermie N77 t1: r-nstcrtmr
.-rf*F:‘ 1x?¢?xi1§' dfw’ cbf‘crfirn?j' rcwwi”cxl,

Dis-.ri'grtwrtz 3:77;; at cc’es is; norther‘stnrn mwi
3(311’5210:1517v‘r :-n dis-tad"? tnon, If?.?‘f‘f.::‘-"_’T "hr/widi. 12.16 falflfi"
. 1-31..” :3 ..-t .5, .-‘-".:1- 5‘5, cryi't“ '., l‘l'frri-‘zr‘. :1“. ’.‘<?v1*"essee, 21"..
is 11):? recorded. ’11“. 3"".CT19: :“n frcm (331")? two Jf‘Pf‘fifo‘I—‘TS. if?
CZIC’UOET‘I‘fi (30., 31'1": :z'zc, July (<1::j.'?), 193.3 (3'. “eat ‘71:.)
l o 3 SP nfium Co., Last Ensinfi, Avg”. ..;5, 1 rah-f". A137.
3.1, 10/1,,“ *3

. . .
r.].'y_h:m¢:‘ :1 1370.17.11 Del-611;;
{:‘750‘1-fi-‘ o -r- ‘ r.‘ ... . u - o
'- "“-4~.", V3.37C111Z‘. Del/.“TT' 9.". 1‘3-"12. Fr; «4.1m. .3 ate 111:3!
...—......
Brad. Sch. sax/1. .‘fo. 5, 47.
I—‘T’fifltfi .“. -lC.(.“ ”u". .L3"-t:-‘"r 4:” “for :svoc‘r‘s or ‘t'e

 

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by MRV1n~ Lemcxs» Pr

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on Vent " FIOHCL.w add

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x'CJ'I' .1-
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(*QQQI‘ "
. L..\_‘.‘.‘O-‘ J. ‘.. 4‘ , , ‘ ‘ ‘ .L ... a.
\ " » j. 353' t.."‘..»')(_,‘.l. ..L. LC I‘. SJJDI‘CACI.‘ 9. :5. I 318,01. ”.1 TELOCCSSCS
: .- 4
11‘,‘
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5' LAMINA

53 TENELLA

P1n+e 1’?

BXhl:rni%<Nt of Vlate I-

T‘-‘ - .. r”. ,>".1. ‘ n O - O .
r432 'h~§0 u- rna a Aale y¢ngtai<n. Ventral vi-u ‘f

 

 

”1 __‘ ‘ ‘C- .‘ Y 1.'.-,\" . w. ,r.‘
CCnCQfiiS rn 3.1 CL” la.cL¢- vvcH v. style hr rifiht.

 

 

T“ ' ,. 5" I " ’V
p1. . 4. Vpgtczpr.
“ ,.. r‘ r‘ ‘g‘ r‘ y

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.
n I ”‘7 A t 7‘ "I a
_ v... .1 . tt/ - \-
fi 0
1‘1 rv O “’W'VWV1"
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curved dnrs a11‘j :1 vprtr-

A~w
.-~J.

.‘L ”_- ‘I.‘ T . 'I . °,,v_v _‘ _ _ 0 . 1" -
LWQLnflh 0. female V1.. PQLCLlOl Xirqin
- . -..‘. \ 7" ¢ _¢ . ' 9‘ {‘ .
:HC stxvci..o c; th aexnng.5 s 9.1
-.. ‘v - "' . J‘.\ ‘ ‘J‘ ‘ . v1 ’1. ‘L: I 0-:
'.cccs Co .y ...: s yleb \thl u SLAHJ‘ S

from tCnC1la.

 

 

 

 

’ vaentt

cnwcnvciv rcurfied.

Dsstr .2111t5.93‘.:- "ICI‘. Car-“CCL‘LCII’” to t}: 11.5.6."1~.~.'.-:C-..,t to

't.1; zifi'l Lic:;e;5. (1113' :nLC: 5L ccziz‘cxz .st “(?:”‘ ..citrc‘ 3J1

Nicki-rim. ‘TLP. I'leccxgtrx Co., TN" 14, lr‘tlf‘ 18‘,I:D].

thcnnra temcf‘n (Shfiz-fmw 2r")

Gy“01999 tcncf‘a 5“““dFsrj, J. "79. Uihary t_-l flang-
¢5¢2 "venskn 'ffixnvfuirs \'9” cnxsf”u"lf -r. 5: 34.
LevytT 7.0-“.0 mm. (019: 9912 {£991 t3 r916 yellow.

Ventrn] View f'ruxhé anCQVVS sEaTt 1r. xi at base avd

rarifliy Iarra.i‘g to a "fcnfcr apex; lateral tracesses

ari '-"~ "C1“? 9pex, 1035 each ct ‘2 and enter“ to rear

0 bwo of acdcngu" (Fug. 53). gtyle Lith aricwl third

n: aged and C1 vcr unrsalfy v5*h a ”90th Dr ventl 1

..arjgd.. SOVTW%11 sicmzuufi of IWEJalc L5_I‘ a brcmutfi/ cen-

cavc rogtvcicr Harbin.
i‘ILC T.C‘.J.IOI.’I"CI.:.3 of the shaft, tic ‘Csitioz‘ of '3.

latrral ‘ OCCLJvu an” the stle" rill C ”13 sejol te

thi; "bee C" Irma incv’a.

D4strlov.icv: I? the scvthcast9“" states of Fl?"idn,

Jcorgla, Virginia, Torfi. Carolina.and west t9 Ellincis.

'w N;

1

1'
(D
0

J.
(D
(n
E

0‘ r
’5 CL

Litt-

disccvcry

C

Ilnan,

(_1

the

‘r__,.1 ‘. , '.:,— ‘ J. 4 . ".' ‘.C’N‘ '7 1011.1 1
,LL.‘ 11:14.1 CO. ’ .L.u‘.,‘_)b IJ‘J‘F Q-~.‘ L3, .'\‘ o I ’ .- -"...‘. -L .

f3'xnm‘9fi9. r‘rotetita DOT 0335*.

“4

 

Grcphma frotcfita DeLorf-j, 5.7’. l‘.“4.’2. The (1150 utntc

 

1.'r;'.v., ..;rrzd. Sch. stud. T30. 5, P. 41.

J.‘ ‘

I<r«c‘1 9.5 an. Color 19139“:sg to vc‘TcwiQI-aroon

es on vertex 9.9x: r-roncttmt. Prnncttm

}.Jo

xvitr‘ orrv‘~c s:tr

/

sli¢7fi 1v Jonah: t“nn vectex N119 ne'e9-~"s i.n ventral

\

View, tartar-311;: from 1”"1363 1‘0 P.’~..)-”1't cue-third +710 (15.5..
tin-“cc of may, 16“...",f..3‘.(.(l arrest {zlrzllfel marrtincd; 1115(1le
fr cos cs arise )(:1oh arcx 9rd cxtc"d 1ctcrnllv -mr short

q.
.‘_

- ' -I‘C‘ .‘ . i‘. ' 'L '4‘ v 1‘! C -.. .
‘2 -1.1JL...CC’ u.-;(411 Ctil.‘sr(? l)(..;q._1__1:. LO \—u‘-c, .v CJJLC-4.v"j.1 1;.C (Ils-

,., . 4:. «l- . '\ ‘ ‘fi 1'. " 4. “' r. V. J‘ 7‘. h r . v... : .1 'r‘
L1“ce c; c_c bin L (FLL. Ad). guync 11p- 9 Jcnl .911
‘ a ‘ v 'o‘ ‘ '7,~‘ " V~ -’-.~1"‘\...~ 0' f 0-1}-
3109.13.31. C1.1,‘."G~_. ‘..-.._;1:‘,9“1_‘._;, a,.J..1J..-‘.x.s .3].1-..;-.
fl“. .. ' - ...-.... ¢- o r. J‘ ‘ a- ‘0 Q ." . ‘
we mans». tummy :, 0.“ .11C cemeamc rm»; t e stt‘e

Illi‘7058. (2113’ one s*'\cc_7,."n “:15 How: cc’Iectc<’. 579. flic'fi-
cm”, this rcccri swcécsts that tkis species “as a wade:

‘ '.. our“ V .. ~'1 —: I .. 1.— -~. Q
r $er than ‘102 n.1,] 2 ,2p .c‘ic' . 3J3. ,rnchzm Co., Fast

t ' k

19.11.135-317, Any. 1, 194:". 16'.

 

J}: Ohm-‘1 a 1‘39. 1i 991C733.
.G,YI"'T'11€‘«-'7fl Trili DCLCZKI: 13.11. 1942. The (.1150 State Univ”

 

Grad. Sch. Stud. 12.70. 5 .P. 1‘24.

Levgtfi 9.0 ma. Colcr 'alc yclldt t: firCCHFSF-70119V.

‘ - ‘ Q ‘J‘ "‘ PJ‘ ‘ ' .‘v 1 »': J'1” “" v .. .
Vertex Q“m r103<tvs cite: sjec.1ca a .m snwa;alnfie s*cts.

Vale aedcafus iv ventral View tarrai 3rd ta“ered t0 3

thin ap x; enlarycucr s rear base of trocesscs often con-

spicucus; processes erg aha reaching were than half t
length of shaft (Fig. 45). Apical firth of sty3c Hath a
broad goirtci tooth cu ventral ma~ain; narrowed to blunt

apex. Sevcztth £3t<TII‘.I’11 of fernlc ‘xzfth angularly ertcavcted

o o
(- - ,._.- _. q .--,\ o r.- _. -‘
hog. ‘ _~\,¢.. AA.(.J.-t;_'9.A.

A

I

' A q .. O r -‘ _-\ .~“ - I.- ,,-‘\’ : Q9 .
Lac lozf a_crcd aCULagal sua-t ptwn cash]. 9,.

entiate this S'CCECn frcn {Vira.

   

P7131: ?" tTfT nn7" Efrain ”vast ff1art :fi*fi art tfrués 11155

x)
1

Species bcco cs an economic pest.
Distribution: .d:hs:r‘ccies was crirwhnftfly described

from Chic m‘fi is aisc rCCordcd Irma Tllincis. Cnly one

Vfchf¢9r, but SSwCC t“ere are

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anw“?fl a -:. “9 DCLOI’, D. ICAQ. L,c Ca,“ state Tn1\.,

 

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LO t (V4 -v _\-L 5.: 0.1-85 .‘J \a I. : J- OL. I. ‘,,1. L._(\ Tr._‘- I be _’ CA G

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I41
. 1,... f f.._'- _.. q r“. ._ ., ' ‘° 1,. qm1‘“q1 (~"U: \hr‘ ‘1
vortez, gm, (4.11.; e i. sent 1111.4. .. Mr.-.“ ‘-'.\,M ...ale we ea—
v- -» "‘ Ix, QV“"\" ‘ 't'. ‘1 J F r‘i'flr!‘ ‘9". -11A<.;- ' fi“ "f‘f‘ ’ (n.(e
'_‘ S .' q].J.C:\V| 3.. ..\.. J- -—-'_‘—‘..‘.('I OL QIL\~L 1» 7:1: (2 .gt-.L_‘(?‘-- x L 12. \)\ A .1“.

n -I— -‘ - ~ ‘ - .' ',, ‘ (- <° .. v . rv - ' r! ~‘ -.~ 1' - - C r- ; 4 .~ a‘\
4“). La. 171 nlocteses .rlsin. suo.jrcally, st1<l .t t.en
- ,3 a a 1 J. , ' A - .‘ .' fl : .....‘ JJ.‘ 1‘: .. ... f.‘ a C -
curve“ oasall“ to adtrt one-..lr- .ue \lsta ce O; s nit.
- .~ - ‘ ‘ a. v “ . '
strenfly crrvea corsallt awd tarxow

I‘

133—715". 9 blunt 9r~e‘.:. Sevez‘t‘. stt-rzitt‘ of .'~’-":r‘1e arejularlj'
excavatofl on bosterior mi‘gin.

Easily distinguished from tu§££3_by the enlarged apex
of aedeagus, the lateral brocesses and style.

Distribution: Widely distributed from Iowa to the cast
of the country. Cnly sit specimens have been collected from
widely distributed areas of Michigan. NLP. Manistee Co.:

Junction Pine Creek and Big bbnistee River, July 26, 1939

(W. H. Burt) 1? E11]. SLP. Ingrhan Co., East Lansinc, July

LO

5, 1040 2 , Aug. 25, 194‘? 13'. Warm Coo. Juli" 4. 1°18

A. ‘5'. Andrex-z) l 3‘ Elfin—1] .

A

51111993115: 3111291”? DeLong

(}ynonnna tubera DeLong, D..M. 1942. The Chio State Univ.,

Grad. Sch. Stud. No. 5, P. 33.

Length 9.5-10.S mm. General appearance similar to the
othcur species in the group. Color pale yellow to faint
{greenish-yellow. Lateral processes diverging from a con-
stritrted apex of aedeagus; shaft tapering to a broad base

(p159. 58). Style appearing slender, one-fourth of the

apical half serrated on ventral margin to a broad sharp
tooth, then slightly Curved dorsally to a blunt and narrow
apex. Seventh sternite of fenale‘brogdly and angularly ex-
cavated on posterior margin.

This species may be distinguished from ggtenda by the
narrow apex of aedeafljs, position of fi1e processes and the
styles.

[fistribution: From Tennessee to northeastern states
and west to Iowa, Nebraska and South Dakota. This Species
has been collected from only two, but wide-apart localities
in the state. Intermediate areas may yield this species in
the future. UP. Chippewa Co., Lhummond 181., Aug. 30, 1954
(R. L. Fischer) 1?. SLP. (Aug. 25-Sept. 16) Ingham Co.:

East Lansing.

Gyponana panda DeLong

 

 

Cyponana bard“ DeLong, D. M. 1942. The Ohio State Univ.,

 

Grad. Sch. Stud. No. 5. P. 32.

Length 9.5-l0.0 mm. Vertex one-third longer between
eyes than median length. Generally pale yellow in color
\mifl1.orange longitudinal strines on vertex, pronotum and
scutellum. Male aedeagus broad with short lateral processes
arising near apex and extending basally about one-third the
length of the body (Fig. 59).. Apical fifth bent dorsally,
almost parallel-margined with a blunt apex. Seventh sternum

<3f female concavely rounded on posterior margin.

f aofiearus, lateral

f,

The broadness and widtW of anex o

processes and the styles will dis tiyvunufil this snecies from

0.1“: max.

Distribution: Oregon, southwestern and some southern

states, and the middlewest, including a limited area of

Michiyni. SLP. Inyham Co., Davrville, July 5, 1955 (R. L.

Fischer) 135 East Lansin July 13, 19»o (V. Niemc7yk) 13:

Qyponana anara DeLong

nmnnn 031,011“, 0. M. 1943. The OhiO State UDiVo,

'Ij-"T‘Oli. "_"."’ <.. -..’..'I- - -
Grad. Sch. Stud. No. 5. p. 32.

Length 9.0-9.5 mm. Similar in structure to the other
species of the genus and to some also in color which is

pale yellow and OI'ZUlfTC longitudinal strines on vertex, pro-

notum and scutellum. Verte x one-third longer between the

eyes than med fi.n length. Aedeagus of male with broad base

{uni rapidly narrowed to a slender apex; lateral processes

sfiuort, ”ris in, just before an ex amd ex tended to about one-

thiixi flue length of aedeasus body (Fig. 55). Style with
slightly curved outer margin and an unturned blunt anex.

Seventh sternum of female with j~roduced rounded lateral

angles and roundedly excavated on meson.

This species is easily distinguished by the narrowness

of'tflle aedeagal shaft and styles.

firhe writer collected menbers of this species from

maple, Acer sup. Perhaps this is one of their food blants.

A‘r J‘-

Distribution: Missouri, Illinois, Ohio and Michigan.
NLP. Isabella Co., Mt. Pleasant, Aug. 11, 1956 (O. Tdboada)
18" [03. SLP. Jackson Co., Liberty, July 7, 1950 (O. Taboada)
2c?!

Gyponana lmnina DeLong

Gyponana lamina DeLong, D. M. 1942. The Ohio State Univ.,

 

Grad. Sch Stud. No. 5. p. 47.

Length 10.0 mm. Color yellowish with vertex twice
wider than median length. In general appearance and form
similar to other species of the group. Male aedeagus
narrowed at center portion of shaft with enlarged base and
apex; long, recurved lateral processes arising subanically
and extending basally to more than half way to base of
body (Fig. 51). Apical half of style curved dorsally; anex
blunt and widened to a ventral tooth one-half the distance
from apex; ventral margin concave and serrated next to tooth.

Easily distinguished from salsagby the narrowed central
area of the aedeagus and styles.

Distribution: Described from Ohio, Illinois and
iiehigan. This species is found in two areas of the Lower
Pennisula. SLP. Kent Co., Grand Rapids, Aug. 3, 1937 133
Ingham Co.: Aurelius, Aug. 1938 18', East Lansing, Aug. 29,

1939 13', M.S.U., Aug. 7, 1920 13'.

Cvnonara octolineata (Say)
“1.. ---.._,,_._.

-‘—~-

Tettigpnia octo ireqtg Say, T. 1924. Acad. Nat. Sci.

H ----.—

 

four. 4:34P.

Gypoqg gggingtg Osborn, H. 1905. New York State int. Rep.

20:513.

Length 9.0-10.0 mm. Color pale green to pale yellow
with reddish or oranrfe lonfritudinai strit‘es on vertex, and
nronctum. The lateral processes of the aedeagus are very
censnicuous in that tley arise near anex and extend straight
out and then are twisted on apical r*ertions; aedeaous body
leng mad slender (Fifi. 4o). Apical two-fifths of style
slightly curved dorsally; a broad tooth half the distance
from blunt auex; ventral martin serrated basally from
tooth. Seventh sternum of female rorudedly excavated at
posterior Marvin.

Lrnerta, but can be

{3.
(D
p.)
(D
’1.
(D
J
.3
C:
U)
C
0
h
'7
'10
M
U)
53
p.)
ALA.
H
”J
H
fl
0
I“
I

distinguished from that species by the twisted lateral
processes and style.
Thuéxvriter collectCVIIZ S“GC1WCNS vfith EH1 ultraviolet
light trap which was placed next to a hardwood area.
Distribution: host of the eastern areas of the coun-

'try west to Wyoming, Colorado and Texas. In Mich_gan it
is foznd in widely scattered areas, althoueh not numerous
in number. UP. Mackinac Co.: Horse Shoe Bay, Aug. 14,

1021 (S. Moore) 18', E113; Marquette Co.: Huron Hts. July 11,

1031 (T.II. Ifubbell) 13', E113. NLP. Cheboygan Co.: Aug. 11,

 

 

193'). (J. Leonard) 2:, [F]; Elason C-.: Tudington, july .20,
1953 (O. Taboada) 2?; Cceana Co.: Silver St. “<., July
25, 1034 18‘, [If]; (‘scoda Co.: lunerne, July 6, 1955 ("5.
Drew, R. Hodges 81A. Hells) 13'. SLP. Kent Co.: Alto,

Sept. 1, 103° 13; Livinéston Co.: AUG. 1?, 1936 (I-J-

Cantrall) 12; [m1 .

Gyponang serhenta Belong

gyponana .5.C§j‘."'{’.t?*. DeLonp, DJ. 17‘42. The (hio State

Univ., Grad. ‘ch. Stud. F0. 5. h. 53.

Len-"t". 9.0-134C ZT‘J'l. Color hale jellmx' and sin-E lar
to Optofiafipffifi Vith refld SW lonfitrd‘nal stri":s on vertex,
oronetun ard scutellum. Kale aedeagus with a wide base
slowly tapered to a narrow a ex; lateral rrocesses arising
I‘leLI' (1230:; and. 100mm! (75.82. 50). .’\“_'?C.’.‘.1 One-fifth of style
xvith a blunt crrved apex; ventral heroin serrated next to
a broad teeth. Seventh sternum of female with posterior
Inarnin broadly and shallmvly x a'ated,

The looped lateral processes will so arate this
Species frmlijggjggata.

Two snecinens were collected from Salix, snp., by
the writer.

Distribution: Common in the eastern states and west
to 1‘1370171"7l‘ff and Texas. Although not numerous, it is

fouru! in various areas of the state. UP. hackinac Co.:

St, Ifu‘acr‘, Aug. 31, 1957/? (11.1. Fischer) 1!. RIP. Che-

1703/9337 Co.: A1??- 11, 1937‘. (J. Leonard) 333E); f-Tecosta
Co.: Big Rapids, Amp. 6, 1046 135 Boylayd, Aug. 20’ 1955
(C. Taboada) 18', ELI]; Icsco Co., Tam-s City, Arg. 11,

1?56 (C. Taboada) lit SLP. Gratiot Co.: Aug. 19, 1055

(R.L. Fisc er) 133 Ingham Co.: East lensing, Aug. 1, 104?

la'and Sent. 10, 1‘39 1?; Cakland Co.: flilferd, Se"t. 4,

J

1031 (R.F. qussey, 13', ED].

Gyronana salsa DeLene

...! -1- ....

gygenana salsa Belong, 7.x, 10:1, fhe (bio State Yniv.,
Grad. Sch. Stud. No. 5. n. 40.
Length 9.0-10.0 mm. Celor pale yellmv or greenish

4

and similar in a rearance to the other snecies o

f the genus,
to some in Havirfi faint ormlfe or reddish longitudinal
stripes on vertex, nronetum and scutellum. Vertex almost

twice as w’de between the eyes as median length. Aedeegus

of male with a broao base ard slowly tavered to a slender

-—H

apex; lateral Ywrocesses straight, arising. near aux am
extending to abort Half way of body. Style with arical

half archive dorsally; ventral tooth two-thirds the dis-
tance from a ratiflly narrow and Saar? aver; inrer herein

(

slowly widening to half distarce of style (Fig. 47).
Seventh sternum of female bosterior margin broadly and shal-
laxly excavated.

The arching styles, the slowly tapered aedeagrs and

the straiglt lateral processes will distinguish this

K

snecies frmr _.'I_.;1.1‘1-._'74I‘;~21.

1"u> arthrarczollect<xi tXis EH‘CCfCS ufitfir an izuyumfes-
cent li33t tram.

Distribrtion: Chic, Pennsylvania and Yew York. This
SDGCiQS is rarely revresented in both urrer and lower pern-
insula of Michigan. (P. Chimrewa Co.: Drumnond 151.,
Aug. 30, 1954 (R.L. Fiscrer) 1?} Schoolcraft Co.: Big
Shrine St. Pk., Aug 23, l“55 (C. Taboada) 431 YLP. Che-
boyf‘fan Co.: JI'T‘J' 6, 1'23]. (va’. 311313087237) 1:; Crawford Co.:
July 9, 1939 23', [D]; l’r-Sqtze Isle Co., July 7, 101:."- (c.‘..:.
Sabrosky) LI; Rosconuen Co.: Vouchton, July 7, 1930 (C.U.

Sabrosky) 13$ SIP. Infiham Co., July 22, 1049 l , 3.3.U.

v _ 00"
‘11! j“? 1"! ’ 1L/ . l) 1’.

Gyfenara brevihama Belong

—a'~-.~ _- - _ ___'

pronana brevihana Belong, D.M. l“42. The Chio State

-¢ 5 o -

 

-.

 

Univ., Grad. Sch. Stud. No. 5, P. 24.

Length 9.5 mm. Similar to other species of the genus
and resembling ogtgljpeata, by haVing reddish or faint
orange longitudinal stripes on vertex, nronotum and scutel-
lum. The general coloration is pale-yellov. In ventral
view, male aedeagus appearing wide at base and gradually
tapered to apex. Lateral process short, arising near apex
and exteneing not more than one-fourth the distance to-
wards base (Fig. 57). Apical four'h of style broad at

‘base and tapered to a blunt ahex; a sharh tooth on ventral

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

A
,-

margin. Seventh sterrun o: Lenale with posterior
margin shallowly excavated.

r'
L

The diverging; lateral processes 0' the aedeagus and
the blunt arices of the styles will distinguish this Sbecies
from arcta.

Distribution: From Pennsylvania west to MiSLOUIi.
Numerous specimens have been found in a limited area of
the state. SLP. (June 36-Sent. l7) Ingham Co.: Dansville,
Bast Lansiny- Kent Co.: Alto; Shiawassee Co.: Cwosso.

7

Gyponana arcta DeLeng

 

Grad. Sch. Stud. No. 5, P. “9.

Length 9.5-10.5 mm. Color yellow with bale longi-
tudinal lines on vertex, pronotum and scutellum. In ven-
tral view, male aedeagus wide at base and gradua1ly tapered
to apex. Lateral process 5 short, arising near ayex and
with tins curved to aedeagus shaft. Apical third of style
about same width excebt for an abrur‘tness near an x 1=.""zich

P
has a sharp tin (Fig. 56). Seventh sternum of female with
'the posterior margin smallewly excavated.

The curved tins of the aedeagal trocesses and the
sflzarp abices of the styles will easily distinguished this
sywecies from breyihgna.

The writer collected a srecimen from Aspen Sh.

Distribution: From New York west to Illinois. To

 

 

 

date tree 5 ecr ens

only t

LT;

NIP. Arenac Co., Standish, A:

EYE}; Cheboyfrm Co., july 9,0,

istzcs

(A

character

(+

he most obviors

O-' 1“ ‘

'- . . . . , - 1 A
s .tL "'lv toluene a
1 U 3

'r“ -s ‘ - J.‘
3). 1.10 C13"’31“~ S) Ewell , L.“

3‘”

1 .
-n .n n.
'.(—1.e\.l «'1

"v-

’331cg zirlt<ji i<Jr

‘ . v F 1.
anu tie not 0! t;e

r‘ress ed.

I“ J-‘ ' .. .

Members er ti; qrrue or

orli'crze genus

s),

‘i‘.‘.’C '3 r“. ' “I

(Y. .11., 195.6 (C

rill identi

character is

rd the ocelli

e uresent t

Serorhloea,

-..-.-‘_

-'. 5 (‘v

collectel in the state.

30”.”;C C00, J13}? TN", :19 (Iron. YTI'-bb9]7) 119E330

. Taboada) léfl

l‘PZ’O (Frances ETubbs) 11,1373 .

fy the members of
tflée larva? cir-

elytra. The vertex
are on the disc (Fifi.
almost

. "31703 are

t"e margin of the vertex.
Carsovvvtrfllly com I

elytra are lcterfllly com-

UrvufiVout the

in the Nearctic region.

30kt (W'Lfifr\ 'fierurtr
Xfirorhloea Gerrar, E.F. 1‘39 Zeitschrift fur die Ento—

noolegie.

' '

11,7 ( \ {f .—‘ 1,. .. v‘ C‘
« “w c

4 s - . . (-§.)

‘4- “ ou¢ .‘ H

1.- . ,. n. .-
A.O.‘.1-_.; l.

Iflgabholis P-R° 1877'

‘-0 ‘Ja“.

811.

Lbler,

"I

.0“. 3(14): 461.

Eznidlzvh er liais¢UiliCH-

.scaen Gesellschaft,

v.3. Geol. & Gees. Surv.

fit «:-
1J1

 

 

These are large and wedge-shaped leefhorpers averagirg
8.0 mm. in length with the head narrower than the pronotum.
The vertex is produced between the eyes anl is either
broadly angled or broadly roundefl. The pronotwfi is large,
posterior herein is bilooed (Fin. 3). The color varies
from green to strew-green, often with brownish markings.

There are thirteen Species in this genes which was
revised by Lawson (1931).

All thirteen species in fl1is genus are gross feeders
and are distributeo throughout most of the country. One of
the four snecies that occur in the eastern United States,

is believed to be present in Michigan.

Xerophloea viridis (Fabricius)

 

(Sercopis viridis Fabricius, J. C. 1794. Entomologia sys-
tematica. 4:50.
lerophloea grisea Germar, E. F. 1839. Zeitschrift fur die
Entomologie. 1:190.
)fleroghloea virescens Stal, C. 1854. Fordhandlingar Cever-
sigt af Kongliga Vetenskaps-Akademiens. 35(8):?53.
Egrrgpholis peltata Uhler, P. R. 1877. U. S. Geol. & Geog.
Surv. Ter. Bul. 4:461.
Length 6.0-7.5 mm. Color green, Dale-green or brownish;
gurtire dorsal area and most of elytra with conspicuous cir-
cnllar pits, in brownish forms pits are darker brown. Females

usually green; males often brown. Head and pronotum often

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

14?

marked with brown; vertex angularly produced between the
eyes; head s1ightly narrader and shorter than pronotum.

This species is known to occur on grasses of prairies
and meadows.

Distribution: Widely distributed throughout the
United States. This species has not been collected in
iichigan, but since this state falls within its normal range
and since it has been found in the neighboring states, it

will undoubtedly appear here in future collecting.

subfmnily PBNTUIMIINAE

The Penthimiinae are easily distinguished by the head,
which in profile, appears concave due to the overhang of the
anterior margin of the vertex and the concavity of the cly-
peus (Fig. 003), and the stout appearance of the body (Fig.
60A). The ocelli are on the disc and the wings overlap with
their large appendices.

Penthimia is the only genus of this subfamily found in

 

the U. 30

PENTHIMIA Germar

Penthimia Germar, B. F. 1821. Magazin der entomologie 4:38.

 

Appearing generally short and broad. Head narrower
than pronotum, anterior margin of vertex broadly rounded, in
profile, with a slight overhang close to eyes; remainder of

face appearing concave. Pronotum transversely striate.

 

1”?

Wings broad, distally overlapping and aphressed close to
body; appendices broad.

The two species recorded in this genus are anericana
Fitch, which is distributed in the eastern half of the U. S.
and Colorado, and floridgna Lawson, which is found only in

Florida.

Penthimia america a Fitch

 

Penthimia mtericena Fitch, A. 1851. N. Y. State Univ.,

 

 

Regents Ann. Rep. 4:57.

Perthimia vicaria Walker, F. 1851. List of the specimens

 

of Homopterous insects in the collection of the British

Museum. 3:841.

Penthimia picta Provancher, A. L. 1872 Nat. Can. 4(11):352.

 

Length 5-6 mm. Short and stout in general appearance.
In addition to the description given above under the generic
description, the color varies from reddish-brown to black.
Often, the black forms are with brown spots on vertex and
pronotum, and the brown ferns are with black spots (Fig. 60A).

This species is usually found on shrubs and is also
known to occur on Quercus spp.

Distribution: This species is distributed throughout
the eastern half of the U. 5., including Colorado. In
Iiichigan, its distribution is confined to the Lower Pennin-

‘sulaw NIP. Cheboygan Co., June 20 and July 5, 1932 18; July
10, 1932 19 (J. Leonard) E116]; Lake Co., June, 1940. SLP.

 

 

’4.

(April 39-June 19) Allegan Co.: Fennv lle; harry Co.; Cass
Co.: Union; Genessee Co.; Ingham Co.: East lansing; Kent

Co.; Monroe Co.; Saginaw Co.

SUbfamily DCRYDIINAE

This group has the vert x produced and flat, margin
thin or foliaceous. 'rhe azelli are on the margin and close
to eyes.

There are seven genera recorded in the U. 3., two of

these occur in Michigan.

Key to Genera

Vertex decidedly longer than wide; head slightly wider
than pronotum (Fig. 62)......................Hecalus
Vertex shorter than wide; head slightly narrower than

pronotum (Fig. 653)...................Parabolocratus

 

IIECALL'S St a1

Hecalus Stal, C. 1854. Forhandlinger Cefversigt a Kongliga
Vetenskaps - Akademiens. 11:65.

Glossocratus Fieber, F. X. 1866. Verhandlungen kaiserlich-

 

koniglichen Zoologishe—Botanischen Gesellshaft, fiien.
16:502.
Broad flat-headed species. Vertex longer than wide

with thin anterior margins. Pronotum slightly narrower than

 

head, appearing broad. The females brachypterous (Fig. 62}
eat the males with forewings slightly shorter than abdomen.

Two species are found in the U, 3,, one is found only
in Florida and the other is distributed in the eastern half

of the U. S.

Hecalus lineatus (Uhler)

 

Hecalus lineatus Uhler, P.R. 1877. U.S. Geol. & Geo. Survey

 

Ter. Bul. 3(14):463.

Length of male 7 mm. and female 9 mm. General colora-
tion green with four orange-red stripes extending from the
anterior margin of vertex to nosterior margin of pronotum,
the median pair extending to posterior margin of scutellum.
lead slightly wider than pronotun, vertex thin margined.
Pronotum appearing narrow; elytra shorter than abdomen, much
shorter in female than male. Forewing veins orange-red, the
male usually with two dark broad bands, one traversing med-
ially and the other apically (Fig. 62).
rasses as beine the host plants

0

Bierne (1956) suggests

CQ

of this species.

Distribution: Throughout fie eastern half of U.S.
(Only one specimen has been found in Michigan, but according
“to the distribution of the species it undoubtedly should be
flound in other parts of the state. SLP. Livingston Co.:

Hamburg, July 213, 1934 (G. Steyskal) 13‘ E33.

 

 

PARAB CLOCRAT US F i e!) er

“ ’

Parabolocratus Fiéber, F. a. 1866. Yerhandlungen kaiserlich-

 

‘

:OHigliCJCH Zoologishe-Botanischen Cesellshaft, Wien.

16:502.

Color pale—green, pale-yellow or dark; pale forms
usually with dark band below anterior margin of vertex.
Head as wide as, or narrower than pronotmn. Vertex produced,
but shorter than wide, with thin or somewhat roumied margin
(Fig. 653). In profile, upper half of frons convex, or
straight. Ocelli on margin close to eyes. Pronotum short
and wide, strongly carinate laterally. Forevings of female
often abbreviated.

The members of this group inhabit grasses in marsh
areas.

Two of the twenty-one species that are found in the

U. S. occur in Michigan.

Key to Species

1. FelnavlCSCOOOOOOOCOOOO............COOCCOOOOOOOOOOOCOO. 3
MillGS...-.......................................ooo. 2

2. Lateral process of aedeagus arisina apically and cur-

I. ()

ved anteriorly, appearing anchor-like (Fig. 63)..
.....OOOOOOOOOCO0.000.000.0000.......COQQOViridis
teral‘ process of aedeagus arising subapically and

curved posteriorly (Fig. 65A)...............major

 

 

3. Anterior margin of vertex angularly produced; with a

dark brown line below the margin..........viridis

 

Anterior margin of vertex broadly rounded, dark brown
lire GvIDSezw-tCOOCOCQQCOCOOCCO.......O...‘.....n1?-jor
Parabolocratus viridis (Uhler)

glossocratus v;rid's Uhler, P.R. 1877. U.S. Geol. & Geo.

’ ~ ~——

 

Surv. Ter. Bul. 3(14):462.

Length of male 5.0-6.5 mm. and ferale 6.5-8.5 mm. Color
bright green, pale green to yellaxist-green. Head slightly
narrower thar pronotun, vertex wider fixan long with a dark
bra-2n line below the margin.
zaale macropterous, female brachypterous or macropteroUS'with
‘Uie oviuositor exposed. Male with lateral process of aedea-
gus arising apically and continued anteriorly (Fig. 63)
Seventh sternum of female truncate or slightly produced
posteriorly.

Distribution: In northern states from east to west.
‘Although fizis Species has scarsely been collected in Michi-
ggan's Lover Penninsula, it should be present throughout the
srtate as indicated by its continental distribution. NLP.
bhecosta‘Co.: Borland, Aug. 20, 1955 (O. Taboada) 13; Nissan-
1:ee Co.: Lake City, June 30, 1947, 19; Muskegon Co.: North
Muskegon, July 22, 1939 (N. II. Burt) 18‘, Eli]. SLP. Ingham
Co.: Aug. 17, 1948, 1*, East Lansing, June 14, 1948, 2?,

Aug. 14 and 17, 1%, 1948 (C. E.‘Pederson).

 

 

 

 

1’70

12 rabolocratus .ajor Osborn

Parabolocratus major Osborn, H. 1915. Main Ag. Exp. Sta.

Wul. 238:120.

Length of male 6.0-7.0 mm. and female 7.5-9.0 mm.
Color gree11,or pale-green to yellowish-green. Head sligh-
tly narrower than pronotum, vertex broadly rounded anteriorly,
male with a lar‘: line below margin, often faint. Elytral
veins da her in color; male macropterous, in female brach-
ynterous. Male with lateral processes of aedeagus arising
subapically and curvef posteriorly (Fig. 65A). Seventh ster-
.um of female slightly produced posterierly.

Distribution: lWort ern states between Colorado and
Maine. Undoubtedly it is more widespread in Michigan than

the records indicate. UP. Alger Co.: Chatham, July 7, 1948,
39. I‘LP. Ch eboygan Co., June 31,1941 (C .IYubbs) 13‘, Douglas
Lake, July 3, 1931 (C. Sabres! (y) 19; Oceana Co.: Shelby,
June 6, 1950, 33, 135 SLP. May lz-Aug. 23) Ingham Co.: East
Lansing, M.S.U.; Kent Co.: \lto; Livingston Co.; Nashtenaw

(30.: Ann Arbor; Vanburen Co.: Gobles.

Subfamily JASSIrWA

This subfamily may be identified by the appearance of
‘thce head which is distinctly narrower than the pronotum; the
‘rexrtex appears blunt anterierly and narrow between the eyes;
*”C? ocelli on t1e front ma"cin- the face is decidedly broad

71.11.51 the form-rings brOTld filStElllYo

 

 

 

 

 

we

r ,. - . . , ... a 1 '. JJ ‘ '4- $4-, - C . 1 '
rue :fixifilfl almzzrecorerxrzaz .ze Lnilc1._stftes 1cx1 tRlS

s:"t>fa:;'.ly. Cnl"Tass15 occ s in Michigan.

JASSUS Fabricius

Jassus Fab1ic51us, J. C. 1803. Systema rhyneotorum. p. 85.

 

 

The members of this genus are large, with head distinc-
tly narrower tlan pronotum, the vertex narrow between the
eyes. Anterior margin blunt with ocelli situated on rounded
area (Fig. 64). Frons long, but overall face appearing
broad. Pronotum short with a large scutellum. Elytra broad

apically, with distinct apfiendix.

Five Species of this genus are founfl in the United

3...].

States. Only one has been founl in M c! is

Jassus olitorius Say

 

,Jassus olitorius Say, T. 1831. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. Jour.
6:310.

_Jassus fuscipennis Spanwerc , J. 1878. Fordhandlinger Cef—

U

 

versigt af Konfiliga Ventenskaps-Akademiens 35(8):20.
Length 6-7.5 mm. Color varies from brown to dark brown.
male darker the n fanale or almost black. Both, usually
xvith yellow vertex and face. Face with light brown to
reds ish stripes along frontal sutrres, vertex with two dark
Spots. Lateral margins of uronotun often light. Basal
angles of scutellun black; fiiscal spots black. Blytra with

(dark veins, female usually with two transverse bands disec-

 

 

 

 

 

 

J. (C-

ting elytra into almost three equal parts (<iv. 64), absent
in male. Seventh sternum of female produced posteriorly and
deeply incised nesally.

Salix and Frexings are the host plants.

Distriontion: This snecies is abundantly found through-
out the eastern half of the United States, inf the southwest
'xis snecie: is not found in the Upper Penninsula,
but may be found tICIG at some future date. NLP. Bey Co.:
Pinconning, Aug. 11, 1956 (O. Taboada) 38 ; Gladwin Co.:
July 29, 1939 (R. Driesbach). SIP. (July 20-Sept. 24) Berr-
ien Co.: Benton Harbor; Genesee Co.; Gratiot Co.; Ingham
Co.: East Lansing; Ionia Co.; Saranac Co.: Jackson Co.:
Jackson; Kent Co.: Alto, Grand Rapids, Lowell; Shiewassee
Co.: Owosso; Vanburen Co.: Covert, Gobles, inton; Washte-

nnu Co.: Ann Arbor; Wayne Co.: Detroit.

Subfamily El’iCA r731: NAB

”his subfamily is chiracterized by having a median
carinn on the meson of the vertex (Fig. 61), which continues
down on thefrons, and another on anterior margin of vertex
between the eyes. The ocelli are behind the anterior margin
of vertex and about midway between the eye and the apex of
of vertex.

Only one genus belongs in this subfamily.

 

 

 

:VlCAfUCS Le Eeletier & Serville

E ecanthus Le Eeletier de Saint - Pargeau, A.L.K. and A.

 

nfin

Serville. use. Encyclopedie met edique 10:612.

Head slifhtly shorter than pronotum. Vertex with carina
on anterior margin between eyes, another extending mesally
from fronetwn to clypeus. Ocelli closer to eyes than apex of
vertex. Head, Vertex and forewings Sparsely pubescent.
Forevinfs appearing broad without anteapical cells.

Only two species are found in the U. S. Cne is found
throughout the country, except the southwest, and the other

is southeastern in distribution.

Evacanthus acumirathvs (7abricius)

 

Cicada acuninata Fahricius, J. C. 1794. 7mtomologia syste-

 

matica 4:30.

Cicada interstincta Fallen, C. E. 182 . Kemiptera Suciae.

 

Cicafariae. P. 29.

 

Amblycenhalus germari Curtis, J. 1833. But. Mag. l(19):192.

Evacanthus orbitalis Fitdh, A. 1851. N. Y. State Univ.,

 

Regents Ann. rep. 4:57.

Length 5.5-6.5 mm. Vertex longer fi1an wide and slightly
shorter than pronotwn. Anterior margin between eyes cari-
nate and also a mesal carina extending from ptonotum to cly-
peus (Fig. 61). Ocelli above anterior carina. Head, prong-

tum, scutellum and forewings Sparsely pubescent. Overall

color dark-brown to almost black, veins of forewings light

 

 

 

in color with light areas posteriorly on forewings and on
head around eyes and between vertex and frons. Forewings
appear broad amfl short vith enteafical cells absent.

This species is known to occur in herbaceous vegetation
in moist shaded areas.

Distribution: This species has been recorded from
throughout the country except from t1e southwest area. Only
four specimens have been collected in Michigan, bet their
sites seems to indicate that this srecies may he distributed

hroughout the state. UP. Keweenaw Co.: Isle Royale, Aug.
3-7, 1936 (C. Sabrosky) 13..SLP. Ingham Co., July 23, 1891
1?, July 25, 1392 19; Wayne Co.: Detroit, July 13, 1946

(G. Steyskal) 13‘ Emil .

'11

p .
C3
o

3“
ea

’1')

Explanation of Plate 14

60. Penthimia Americana A; adult, B; lateral View of

 

head.

61. Evacanthus aguninatus, adult.

 

 

62. Hecalus lineatus, adult female.

 

63. rarabolocratus viridis, ventral view of aedeagus

 

0f male.

 

64. Jassus olitorius, adult.

 

65. Parabolocratus major, A; ventral view of aedeagus

of male, 3; adult female.

 

V . SUI 3~LXRY

This work is a faunistic study of tie family Cicadelli-
dae or leafhoppers of Michigan, excluding the subfamilies
Athysaninae and Cicadellinae. Keys for the identification
of 87 species in the subfamilies, Tettigoniellinae, E-
vacanthinae, Pmithmaiinae, Jassinae, Dorydiinae, Ledrinae,
Kestoceyhalinae, Aphrodinae, Eurynelinae, Kacropsinae,
Agallinae, Gyponinae and Bythoscopinae are included. Brief
descriptions of the higher groups and of each species are
jiven, with notations on the available taxonomic informa-
tion, known hosts, economic importance aid distribution in

the United States with particular on hasis on Mich gan.

Be

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Beamer, R. H., and P. B. Lawson
1938. The genus Acino terus (Honoptera, Cicadellidae).
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Beirne, B. P.
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1952. The Nearctic Species of Macrosteles (Homoptera:
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1954. North American Species of Streptanus (Hanoptera:

 

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Breakey, B. P.
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167

DeLong, D. M.
1936. The Genus Bl ana in North America (HOmoptera:
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1942. The NOrth American Species of the subfamily
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DeLong, D. M. 8; C. O. Maker
1937. The Genus Graminella (Homoptera-Cicadellidae).
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Evans, J. W.
1946. A Natural Classification of Leafhoppers. Part I.
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Hepner, L. H.
1942. A Revision of the Gmnus.A1i ia (Homoptera,
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1946. The Genus Bandara.Ball (Homoptera: Cicadellidae).
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Kramer, S.
1950. The Morpholo y and Phylogeny of the Auchernor-
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Lathrop, F. H.
1919. The Cicadellidae or Leafhoppers of South Caro-
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Lawson P. B.
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—f———
168

MCdler, Jo To
1942. The Leafhoppers of Minnesota. Uhiv. Minn. Agr.

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Chan, P. W.
1933. A Classification of North American Agallian
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1915. Lea oppers 0 Maine. Maine Ag . Exp. Sta. Bul.
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