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ABSTRACT

SENTENCE STRUCTURE IN
THREE REPRESENTATIVE TALES OF HENRY JAMES

By
William Francis Smith, Jr.

The style of Henry James is generally considered to be an
important element of his prose fiction. But discussions of it to

date have often dealt more in opinion than in the data or evidence

necessary to form accurate critical conclusions. Even when scholars

do go more thoroughly into details, either they concern themselves
with isolated instances of style by concentrating on individual
works chosen, for all practical purposes, at random; or they try to

exhibit a particular period of his style by analyzing selected

passages from that period, without showing the representative quality

of these passages .

In this study, then, I propose to fill a major gap in Jamesian

scholarship through various ways. First, rather than focusing on the

novels, which has been predominantly the case so far, this study will

focus instead on the tales. Second, this study seeks to trace the

development of James's style through the early, middle, and late

periods by examining a representative tale from each period. Third,

by employing both quantitative and qualitative criteria, I intend to

present a true picture of what tales are typical.

Five main criteria enable us to discover the representative

works for each period: length, point of view, setting, number of

characters, and theme. "The Madonna of the Future," "The Death of the

Lion," and "The Jolly Corner" emerge as the representative stories

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of the early, middle,‘ and late periods, respectively.

This study is divided into five parts.

Part I is the “Introw
duction,”_

comprised basically of preliminary data. In Parts II,

III, and IV each sentence in the three tales is analyzed by means

of the following method. Each sentence is classified as simple,
compound, complex,and compoundmcomplex. It is also categorized

as to sentence purpose; dialogue, exposition, narration, and

reflection. Each sentence is broken down into its main structures:

noun phrase, verb phrase, prepositional phrase, subordinate clause,
relative clause, and

“ex“ phrase. In addition, each of the main

structures is further analyzed into its constituent. parts.

Part V, the ”Conclusion,“

presents my observations drawn from

the data of the first four parts. First, the average length of

James's sentences increases, but it. never reaches the level of “very

difficult” reading. Second, James has a different sentence type

predominant in each stage of his career.

Third, “ex” phrases are

used infrequently, while prepositional phrases appear in great
numbers. Subordinate and relative clauses increase in usage,
although each one's frequency of appearance is always less than one

per sentence. The number of noun phrases and of verb phrases

increases very slightly, and certain basic types of noun phrases
and of verb phrases retain their importance throughout his career.

Finally, in general, James matches his content and style to a great

extent.

THREE E?

 

 

in par‘ . .

‘C

SENTENCE STRUCTURE IN
THREE REPRESENTATIVE TALES OF HENRY JAMES

By

William Francis Smith, Jr.

A THESIS
Submitted to
Michigan State University
in partial fulfillment of the requirements
for the degree of
DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY
Department of English

1970

"g3 Copyright by
WILLIAM FRANCIS SMITH, JR.

1971

 

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whose patience and assistance made its

completion possible.

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INTRODUCTI (N

The style of Henry James is generally considered to be an impor-
tant element of his prose fiction. His friend, William Dean Howells,
was one of the first to state the case, remarking on at least two
occasions: "No writer has a style more distinctly his own than Mr.

James,"1

and "His style is, upon the whole, better than that of any
other novelist I know."2 A survey, by Richard N. Foley, of criticism
by James’s other contemporaries shows Howells' attitude to be the
usual one.3 Eleven years after James's death, Pelham Edgar reaf-
firmed: "He is one of the great masters of our English speech."4
In the 1940's two major critics voiced the continuing recogtition of
James's style. Lyon N. Richardson avers that "to deny that James
"had an effective style is to allow personal taste to throw out an

original, an honest, and a fine prose."5 And Clifton Fadiman tells

us that "the famous style is a beautiful machine for the perfect

1
P. 63,

Discovery of a Genius, ed. Albert Mordell (New York, 1961),

2Discovery of a Genius, p. 121.

‘ Sciiticism in American Periodicals of the Works of Henry James
Lrom 1866 to 1916 (Washington, D. c., 19416, p. 160.

“Hinry James: Man and Author (New York, 1964), p. 208. This
work was originally published in 1927.

5"Introduction," Henry James: Representative Selections (New
York, 1941), p. xi.

projection of Janes'
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attese by F. V. 0;:

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2
projection of James's complex and curious perceptions."6 During the
recent decade of the 1960's, one finds numerous examples of this cri-
tical understanding. D. W. Jefferson informs his readers that "one
of the chief reasons for reading him is the incomparable pleasure

that his language gives."7

Bruce R. McElderry notes the effective-
ness of James's style,8 and Richard Bridgman realizes that “James
... emphasizes literary composition, word patterns, and placement."9
Probably the best summary is provided by the biographer and editor
cm James, Leon Edel, who states: "He was ... a man with a style."10
Discussions of his style to date, however, have often dealt more
in opinions than in the data or evidence necessary to form accurate
cmitical conclusions. We see this in contradicting statements, such
as those by F. W. Dupee and Lyon Richardson. Dupee claims in effect
that James's style is impersonal: "Unlike the virtuoso styles, ...
that of.James refers us back, not to the eloquence of the author, but
to the resources of the language."11 On the other hand, Richardson

believes that James's style is very personal: WJames's style is

personal and in the main subjective."12 Stuart P. Sherman noted the

6"Introduction," The Short Stories of Henry James (New York,
1945), p. xv. '

7Henry James and the Modern Reader (New York, 1964), p. 139.

8BenryJames (New York, 1965), p. 164.

9239 Colloquial Style in America (New York, 1966), p. 79.
10HenryJames (Minneapolis, 1960), p. 6.

11Henry James (New York, 1951), p. 196.

lzfignry James: Representative Selections (NeW'York, 1941), p. 1v.

tries a quarter of

 

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3
problem a quarter of a century ago: "There has come up a generation
of young people who have been permitted, with the connivance of
critics, to concede the excellence of his earlier productions and the
'impossibility' of his later ones without looking into either."13
Richard N. Foley provides a more detailed explanation of this phenom-
enon when he says: "Critics generally avoided this hard task [Ff ex—
plaining the evolution of JameS's technique of fiction] by making
platitudinous remarks about his being an untiring perfectionist
regarding method and style, or by commenting to the effect that his
stories were written in his 'peculiar manner,‘ or by complaining of
the complexity or obscurity of his method without analyzing his
method and its baffling qualities."14 The alternative appears in
IL W,.Jefferson's warning: "Only with continual reference to the
actual writing can One attempt to touch on the nature of his success

in the novels and stories."15

Even when scholars do go more thoroughly into details, moreover,

they fall into one of two traps. They concern themselves with isola-

ted instances of style by concentrating on individual works chosen,
for all practical purposes, at random. Instances of this occur

13"The Aesthetic Idealism of Henry James," The Question of Henry
flag. ed. F. w. Dupee (New York, 1945), p. 70.

4ggiticism in American Periodicals of the Works of Henry James
£130!!! 1866 to 1916 (Washington, D. C., 19447, p. 159. See, for

instance, Clara McIntyre, "The Later Manner of Mr. Henry James,"
PMIA, XXVII (1912), 354.

15Henry James and the Modern Reader (New York, 1964), p. 139.

 

tetylis‘tic analyse.

Extrait of a Lady,1'

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in stylistic analyses of The Ambassadors,16 The American,17 The

 

Portrait of a Lady,18 The Reverberator,19 Roderick Hudson,2O Watch

 

 

and'Ward,21 "Four Meetings,"22 and "A Passionate Pilgrim."23 Or they
try to exhibit a particular period of James's style by analysing se-
lected passages from that period, without showing the representative
quality of these passages. The so-called ”late" period of James's

writing is the one that is usually treated by this second type

See Sister Mary Carolyn McGinty, "The Jamesian Parenthesis:
Elements of Suspension in the Narrative Sentences of Henry James's
Late Style," Dissertation Abstracts, XXIV (April, 1964), p. 4193.
'See also Bruce R. McElderry, Jr., Henry James (New York, 1965).

7 ,._. , ,
See both Royal A. Gettman, "Henry James's Revision of The
American," American Literature, XVI (1945), 279-295; and Isadore

Traschen, "Henry James and the Art of Revision," Philological
Quarterly, XXXV (1956), 39-47.

18See the following: Richard Bridgman, The Colloquial Style in
America (New York, 1966); Sydney J. Krause, "James's Revisions of the
Style of The Portrait of a Lady," American Literature, XXX (1958),
67-68; and-F. O. Matthiessen, "The Painter's Sponge and Varnish Bot-
tle," American Bookman, I (Winter, 1944), 49—68.

See Sister Mary Durkin, "Henry James's Revisions of the Style

Of 1h} Reverberator," American Literature, XXXIII (November, 1961)
330-349.

20See Helene Harvitt, "How Henry James Revised Roderick Hudson:
:4. Study in Style," PMLA, XXXIX (1924), 203-227; and Raymond D. Havens,
The Revision of Roderick Hudson," PMLA, XL (1925), 433-434.

21

 

See Bruce R. McElderry, Jr., "Henry James's Revision of Watch
w. " Modern Language Notes, LXVII (November 1952), 457-461.

22See Vincent Tartella, "James's 'Four Meetings': Two Texts
Compared," Nineteenth Century Fiction, XV (June 1960), 17-28.

23See Albert F. Gegenheimer, "Early and Late Revisions in Henry

James's 'A Passionate Pilgrim,” American Literature, XXIII (May
1951), 233-242.

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of scholar.24

In this study, then, I propose to fill a major gap in.Jamesian

scholarship in three ways. First, this study will focus on the tales

of Henry James, rather than on his novels. To date, the predominant

The works on style in

,
James's novels outnumber those on his tales by a six to one ratio.‘5

concern of scholars has been James's novels.

There are only two book-length published works on James's tales in

gereral, by Charles G. Hoffman26 and Krishna B. Vaid.27 Books about

James's novels, on the other hand, are too numerous to permit
specific citing; one need only refer to the bibliographies by C. Hugh
Holman28 and Floyd Stovall29 to see the truth of my contention.

Two other reasons exist for the need to focus on James's tales:

their artistic importance and their shorter length. The tales con—

stitute a major part of James's artistic production. They comprise
almost half a century of James's career (1864—1910), are five and

one-half times greater in number than the completed novels (112 tales

24See, for example, Leo Thomas Hendrick, "Henry James: The Late
and Early Styles (A Stylistics Study)," Dissertation Abstracts, XIII
(1953), pp. 808-809; Sister Mary Carolyn McGinty, "The Jamesian Paren—
thesis," Dissertation Abstracts, XXIV (April 1964), p. 4193; and R. W.
Stunng "The Sentence Structure of Henry James,” American Literature,
,XVII (May 1946), 71-88. The title of the first work is misleading,
Since Mr. Hendrick's concern is really with the late style.

25See footnotes sixteen to twenty-three.

. 26The Short Novels of Henry James (New York, 1957). This too is
a tnlsleading title.

27Technique in the Tales of Henry James (Cambridge, Mass., 1964).

4 28The American.Nove1 Through Henry James (New York, 1966), pp.
5—46.

29Ei ht American Authors: A Review of Research and Criticism
(New York, 1963), pp. 383-414 and 459.

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to 20 novels), and were thought worthy enough by James to have almost
half their number (fifty-five) placed in the original New York edi-
tion of 1907-1909, which is a percentage virtually equal to that for
the novels (eleven of which appear in the New York edition). Some
awareness of the tales' importance is found in critics. Richard N.
Foley notes the attitude of James's contemporaries: "And his novels
were generally considered inferior to this short stories, which were
however, ranked among the best."30 In recent times, at least two
critics have made similar observations. Morton Dauwen Zabel states
that "it is in the tales perhaps even more than in this novels that
the scope and diversity of his moral drama are apparent, as well as
Ins developing resources as a craftsman and inventor."31 And Krishna
IL Vaid'claims: "James was a writer whose creative engergies and for-
uml concerns were devoted in almost equal measure to his novels and
his tales."32
In addition to their artistic importance, the shorter length of
the tales taken separately makes it possible to scrutinize any partic-
UIar one of them in its entirety. This is a difficult, if not
lUnpossible, task to perform with the unwieldy novel. Such a factor
becomes especially sigiificant because, as Richard Bridgman points
Oth in The Colloquial Style in America, .James uses at least five
30Criticism in American Periodicals of the Works of Henry James
Elem 1866 to 1916 (Washington, D. C., 1944), p. 152.

31"Introduction," "In the Cage” and Other Tales (Garden City,
N. Y., 1958), p. 3.

3 O I 0
2Technique in the Tales of Henry James (Cambridge, Mass.,
1964),P. l

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7
different levels of narrative: direct expression of speech, authorial
condensation of speech, indirect discourse, mental reflection (inner
talk), and authorial distillation of mental reflection.33 The study
of only selected passages seems thus to be of uncertain value, since
it might be including only a portion of the various narrative levels.
A second way in which I propose to remedy an omission in James-
ian scholarship is by covering the whole of James's career. Studies
cm James’s style to date have centered on only one period, usually
the so-called "late" period, with no extended attempt to find a pat—
tern or patterns in the total career.34 This atomistic situation
causes Robert E. Spiller to remark justly: ”In spite of a seemingly
endless series of articles on the obscurities and vagaries of his
later style, there has been no systematic analysis of his language,
grammar, and rhetoric, early or late.”35 The present study, on the
other hand, seeks to trace the development of James's style through
the "early," "middle," and ”late" periods.
To accomplish the tracing of.James's style, I plan to examine
53 representative tale from each period. This method provides a third
divergence from previous studies, in that they have inspected
Selected works without demonstrating that these works are indeed
tYpical of James's production. F. 0. Matthiessen stated the general

PPOblem thusly: "The task of the critic today is to see an

33New York, 1966, p.95.
348ee, for example, the studies listed in footnote twenty-four.

35"HenryJames," Eight American Authors: A Review of Research
3E5! (Briticism, ed. Floyd Stovall (New York, 1963), p. 378.

 

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artist‘s work not piecemeal but in its significant entirety."36 By
employing both quantitative and qualitative criteria, I intend to
present a true picture of what is typical.

Of course, the actual division into periods and the criteria
applied to determine representativeness for each period should be
explained in some detail. Not every James scholar divides James's
fiction into three periods. Richard P. Blackmur, for example, di—
vides.James's work into four periods by splitting the "late" period
into two separate ones.37 As Leon Edel points out, however: "The
career of Henry James has been divided, for convenience, by most
critics into three periods."38 lllustrations of this fact may be
found in Leo Thomas Hendrick,39 Naomi Lebowitz,40 Robert E. Spiller,41
Rebecca West,42 and Morton Dauwen Zabel.43 The ”early" period con-
sists of the thirty—seven tales published between 1864 and 1879; it

36"Introduction," Henry James: Stories of Writers and Artists
(New York, n.d.), p. 7.

 

37"HenryJames," Literary History of the United States, eds.
Robert E. Spiller et a1., 3rd ed. (New York, 1963), pp. 1042-1043.

 

38Henry James (Minneapolis, 1960), p. 17.

 

39FHenry.James: The Late and Early Styles (A Stylistics Study),"
Dissertation Abstracts, XIII (1953), p. 808.

40"1ntroduction." Discussions of Henry James (Boston, 1962)
p.vii.

 

41"Henry James," Eight American Authors: A Review of Research
gnd<kflticism, ed. Floyd Stovall (New York, 1963), p. 388.

42Henry James (London, 1916), pp. 87—90 and 105-108.

 

43"Introduction," Henry James; Fifteen Short Stories (New York,
1961), pp. xx-xxvii; and ”Introduction,“ The Portable Henry James
(New York, 1951), p. 20.

 

 

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begins with "A Tragedy of Error" in February of 1864 and ends with
“A Bundle of Letters” in December of 1879. A three-year break comes
between the latter tale and "The Point of View," published in December
of 1882, which starts the "middle" period. This second period,
composed of forty-one tales, extends until "The Way It Came" ("The
Friends of the Friends"), published in May of 1896. Again, a publica~
tion break occurs, of almost two years now, before the beginning of
the next period. The final or "late" period opens with "John Delavoy“
and "The Turn of the Screw“ in January of 1898 and, extending through
thirty-four tales, closes with ”A Round of Visits” in May of 1910.44

Five main criteria enable us to discover the representative works
for each period: length, point of view, setting, number of characters,
and theme. For statistics on the length of tales, I have used both

The Notebooks of Henry James, eds. F. O. Matthiessen and Kenneth B.

Murdock,45 and Krishna B. Vaid's Technique in the Tales of Henry
46

 

{2233. The former gives listings for thirty tales, the latter for
all the tales. They are in complete agreement on eight tales;
their disagreement on length in the other twentymtwo tales listed by
both varies from five hundred to five thousand words",7 Most

44A chronological listing of the complete tales may be found
both in Leon Edel, ed., The Complete Tales of Henry James, 12 vols.

(Philadelphia, 1962-1965) and in Krishna B. Vaid, Technique in the
Iéles of Henry.James (Cambridge, Mass., 1964), pp. 263-266.

 

thew York, 1961, passim.
46Cambridge, Mass., 1964, pp. 263~266.
47The tales whose length they agree upon are: “The Patagonia,”

"The Solution," ”The Marriages,” "Greville Fane,” "The Middle Years,"
”The Death of the Lion," "Mrs. Medwin,” and ”Fordham Castle.”

increments (thug

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10
disagreements (thirteen) are relatively minor, being one thousand
words or less. In only two cases, “The Real Thing ” and “The Coxon
Fund" (both in the "middle” period), do the differences affect plac-
ing the works inside or outside the average length for that period.
The two listings do agree on the one tale covered by both that I later
chose for analysis as a representative tale.48 Overall, I have pre-
ferred Vaid‘s statistics for three reasons: (1) his book is more
recent; (2) it is a specialized work on the tales, whereas the note-
books cover other areas as well; (3) it gives a complete, rather than
a partial listing of the lengths of the tales.

For the other four criteria, I have utilized my own observa-
tions and the work of others. Krishna Vaid's book provides a quick
reference to point of view in all of James's tales.49 Partial list—
ings or discussions are found in numerous other works.50 Robert L.
Gale, in Plots and Characters in the Fiction of Henry James, gives

48This is ”The Death of the Lion,” which Matthiessen and Murdock

place between 14,000 and 15,000 words (pp. 149-150) and which Vaid
lists as 14,500 words (p. 265).

49Technique in the Tales of Henry James (Cambridge, Mass., 1964),
pp. 263-266.

50See, for example, Wayne C. Booth, The Rhetoric of Fiction

(Chicago, 1961), pp. 311-316 and 339-374; Leon Edel, "Introduction,”
Henry.James: Selected Fiction (New'York, 1953), p. 13; Charles Kelleway
Fish, Jr., "Henry James and the Craft of Fiction: The Years of Explor-
ation, 1864-1871,“ Dissertation Abstracts, XXV (December 1964), p.3568;
Emma Kenton, "Introduction,” Eight Uncollected Tales of Henry.James

(New Brunswick, N.J.), p. 4 and pp. 17-19; Quentin Guild Kraft, "A

Study of Point of View in Selected Short Stories of Henry James,"
Qissertatiog Abstracts, XXIV (November 1963), p.2036; Bruce R.
McElderry, Jr., Henrerames (New York, 1965), p.48; Lyon N. Richardson,
"Introduction,” Henry James: Representative Selections (New York, 1941),
pp. li-liv; Christof Wegelin, The Image of Europe in Henry James
(Dallas, Tex., 1958), pp. 32-33.

 

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32215.51 As with t
izejiiscussions 0:
ref 23' on observe:
asagside to the f:

lie temptation
'15: channel is a pe
:12: "his great the:

‘;-,' . u-t
"Pi Ill propose,

 

 

 

I." r" x
.x..iig tde fact_

D-
.1
‘Q

:stories of arti

“‘ e .4 ;
..-o..lrty of love

p
‘.
4

e
h
so

..alen, Conn,
32~
:e F v- '

it .2 e, L01 last

\5-

~.,'J: ’1'
P. Iv t tic:
~41 .

ion oi
1955),

“91""
nugar‘v

 

11
complete guide to the settings and characters in every tale of
James.51 As with point of view, a number of sources furnish special-
ized discussions of settings and characters.52 In each case, I have
used my own observations as a check on the conclusions of others and
as a guide to the final classification of each tale.

The temptation to narrow James's multiplicity of themes into a
neat channel is a pervasive and dangerous one. Marius Bewley declares
that "his great theme becomes that of deprivation."53 John Lucas and
Napier Wilt propose, however, that ”his main motif [1%] Americans
confronting the fact or facts of Europe."54 And Parker Taylor claims:
"His stories of artists and writers are involved with the same theme,

the morality of love, courtship, and marriage, as are most of his

"55

other works. I have found, however, an average of sixteen themes

51Hamden, Conn., 1965.
52 . . .
See, for instance, Edward Duncan Asweil, "The Art of AgreSSion:

The Short Fiction of Henry James, 1888-1898," Dissertation Abstracts,
XXV (January 1965), p. 4141; Sister M. Madeleine Crotty, "The Mother
in the Fiction of Henry James," Dissertation Abstracts, XXIII (Novem-
Aber 1962), pp.l698-1699; Ford Madox Ford, Henry James (London, 1913),
p. 81; William Dean Howells, "Mr..James's Daisy Miller," Discovery of
a Genius, ed. Albert Mordell (New York, 1961), p. 183; Cornelia P.
Kelley, The Early Development of Henry James (Urbana, 111., 1965),
p. 268 and pp. 274-275; Edna Kenton, "Introduction," Eight Uncollected
Tales of Hengy James (New Brunswick, N.J., 1950), pp. 15—17; Lyon N.
Richardson, "Introduction," Henry James: Representative Selections
(New York, 1941), pp. lxviii-lxxx; Robert Rogers, "The Beast in Henry
James," Henry James: Seven Stories and Studies, ed. Edward Stone (New
York, 1961), pp. 258-259; Rachael Swan, Henry James (New York, 1952),
[h 88; Christof Wegelin, The Image of Europe in Henry James (Dallas,
Tex., 1958), p. 46 and pp. 56-58.

 

 

 

 

 

 

53The Eccentric Design (New York, 1959), p. 240.

54"Introduction," Americans and Europe: Selected Tales of Henry
James (Boston, 1965), p. vii.

55"The Child as 'The Figure in the Carpet,m Chicago Review, XI
(Winter 1958), p. 33.

 

izescl‘. period of J
tires for the ent:
:iese are: love, a:-
I
fszilial problems, i
Ii: role, revenge,

axial acceptance, ‘-

istory, fraud, 59""

‘

n-;nv

 

 

...,.a'.'e tne claim
'h
q

.eagpeal of Jazei
Is the "earls"

eaten ten thousand

 

.e: of the tales (6

P‘s- .
«~55 of five t5. us:

{i‘9
.

N.;
:0 “Jun I" l»
'l, P. . ‘ i 1‘

hEZP-d l ‘E
my - V ‘
‘ “5:3:
.
3971
e “erhtk
he ““er
‘ .
.Ofie

12

in each period of James's career, and a total of at least twenty-one
themes for the entire career. In order of decreasing frequency,
these are: love, art, international differences, fantasy, identity,
familial problems, meddling in private lives, jealousy, deceit, pub—
lic role, revenge, death, reliving old experience, power struggle,
social acceptance, war, social conflict, usurpation, buried evils of
history, fraud, sense of the past.56 Such a list should effectively
disprove the claim, made by Joseph Warren Beach, for instance, that
"The appeal of James is not then the appeal of diversity."57

In the "early" period, the average length of a tale runs
between ten thousand and fifteen thousand words. Almost fifty per-
cent of the tales (eighteen out of thirty-seven) fall within this
range of five thousand words; no other five—thousand word group has
more than six tales in it.58 The point of view is generally first-
person, with twenty-two of the tales, or approximately sixty percent,
coming in this category. One finds the setting equally divided
between America and Europe, although for the latter Italy and France
are the settings appearing most often. There are twenty American
settings and twenty European settings, with ten tales in Italy and
eight tales in France.59 James's number of characters ranges usually

56Edwin T. Bowden, The Themes of Henry James (New Haven, Conn.,
1956), p. xiii et passim uses the word "theme" as I do to mean "topic."

 

57The Method of Henry James (New Haven, Conn., 1918), p. 99.

58The remainder are scattered through a range going as low as
five thousand words and as high as thirty-three thousand words.

59The number of settings is greater than the number of tales
because some stories have more than one setting.

    

rests four and n:
strepetition. is
its this number .
szters each, and a ‘-
32: single nuober -
iztenstional ditte:

:1 fantasy also rec

 

 

 

‘alast titty percen

ie-tittl) deal “it?

so stories (about I
“if?" F ‘
enter percent). "

Applying the a

rj‘fi, .
- nelladonna oi

retet‘a'e tales of

Jig, has a fir st

sly, contains 5

5121': '
we the ‘

ogre a

iris ‘

.0113, has 5

“outfits Six Che

bring the

{1.3; '-
-- Let”
he '
Ell KE‘
‘3
g C
.01" .'
0: ~or.
\
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13

between four and nine, with six and nine characters having the high-
est repetition. Twenty-four tales, approximately two-thirds, are
within this number range of characters; seven tales have six char-
acters each, and a total of six tales have nine characters each. No
other single number group contains more than four tales. Love and
international differences are strongly recurrent themes, while art
and fantasy also receive significant attention. Eighteen tales
(almost fifty percent) have love as a theme; twelve tales (almost
one-third) deal with international differences. Fantasy appears in
six stories (about eighteen percent) and art in five stories (about
thirteen percent).60

Applying the above information, we see "At Isella" (August 1871)
and "The Madonna of the Future" (March 1873) emerging as the repre—
sentative tales of the "early" period. "At Isella" is 11,000 words
long, has a first-person point of view, is set in Switzerland and
Italy, contains six characters, and has the discovery of Europe and
a love triangle as its themes. "The Madonna of the Future" is 14,500
words long, has a first-person point of view, is set in Florence,
contains six characters, and has art, international differences, and
love as its themes.

During the "middle" period, the typical length of a tale aver-
ages between ten thousand and twenty thousand words. Twenty-three
(f the forty-one tales, or practically sixty percent, are within this

ten-thousand word group; during this "middle” period, no other

0 .
Some stories, of course, have more than one theme.

thousand word 5

 

new is equally li's
er: twenty-me ta;
category. Europe.
izle forty-five cl
isatotal of eight;
tings and sixteen se
2;: provides almost
3"“: '3‘;le percent 0

l: flis time the nu:

 

t: sixteen. Thirty

us tuber grouping

regency here; art,

as, international

rises and love in el

4.25 Ed familial F

1151‘:
E tales and fa

hilt?

Occurrence 0‘

14

ten-thousand word group has more than nine tales in it.61 Point of
view is equally likely to be either first-person or third—person,

with twenty-one tales in the former category and twenty in the latter
category. Europe, especially England, provides the habitual setting.
0f the forty-five continental settings, thirty-six are European, which
is a total of eighty percent. There are twenty-eight English set-
tings and sixteen settings in other European countries.62 England
thus provides almost sixty-four percent of all European settings and
over fifty percent of all settings, by country, including America.
At this time the number of characters ranges predominantly from six

to sixteen. Thirty tales (virtually seventy-five percent) come within
this number grouping of characters. Six themes recur with noticeable
frequency here; art, love, meddling in private lives, familial prob-
lems, international differences, and fantasy. Art occurs in twelve
tales and love in eleven; meddling in private lives appears in nine
tales and familial problems in six; international differences emerge
in five tales and fantasy in four. Approximate percentages for fre-
quency occurrence of these six themes are: twenty-nine, twenty-seven,
twenty-one, fourteen, eleven,and ten.63
For the "middle" period, then, "Nona Vincent" (February-March
1892) and "The Death of the Lion" (April 1894) seem to be the
61The remaining tales range as low as six thousand words and as

high as forty-four thousand words in length.

62As in the "early" period, here too some stories have more than
one setting.

63Since percentages here are figured on the number of stories,
and since some stories have more than one theme, the percentages are
naturally over one hundred.

regresestative tale
Lira-perm point
zaratters, and has
Lin" is 14,500 wort

:Ezgland, contain:

 

as its themes.

 

It the "late"

ii fit-teat thousand

his: moms to 3??
tat-ziousand word it
turd-person, as tm

“5333119. J azes' 5

mm settings a

1'? at

..er than Eng:

snags (about eig

.:.
. li‘
Mia.

5° EurOpear

15
representative tales. Wflona Vincent" is 11,000 words long, has a
third-person point of view, is set in London, contains thirteen
characters, and has art and love as its themes. "The Death of the
Lion" is 14,500 words long, has a first-person point of view, is set
in England, contains sixteen characters, and also has art and love
as its themes.

In the "late" period the average tale runs between five thousand
and fifteen thousand words. Twenty—five of the thirty-four tales,
which amounts to approximately seventy percent, come within this
ten-thousand word group.64 The point of view becomes overwhelmingly
third-person, as twenty-seven tales (almost eighty percent) use this
technique. James's setting is usually European and English, but
American settings are more numerous than those for any European coun-
try other than England. Europe supplies twenty-nine continental
settings (about eighty-six percent), and American provides five set-
tings. iNo European country other than England accounts for more than
two settings; England has twenty-seven. A characteristic tale con-
tains three to ten persons, with numbers four, six and seven receiv-
ing the strongest concentration. Thirty-one tales, or approximately
ninety percent, come within the range of three to ten characters.65
Five tales each have four, six, or seven characters. Seven themes
achieve a prominence during this final period of.James's career;

these are: love, identity, fantasy, art, deception, jealousy and

64The remaining tales range as high as 44,500 words.

650nly "In the Cage," "The Papers,” and "Julia Bride" fall
outside this range.

international difft

 

fiafityand fanta:
el‘ . I I
a; xtur in five
serge in four tale
:anforthese set
‘fiantyard fanta
t-{n‘ ‘
enu.eflvfllt0 In
If we utilize 1
:l-,.'- - ..
.4x lJaauary lqu

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‘ “While stort

 

a {5 ~ fires. 'ne
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Ptlt'li 0f (1 e

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‘5‘: ‘ _
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16

international differences.66 Love is a theme in sixteen tales, while
identity and fantasy each appear in six tales. Art and deception
both occur in five tales; jealousy and international differences
emerge in four tales each.67 The approximate percentages of occur-
rence for these seven themes are: forty-seven, seventeen to eighteen
(identity and fantasy each), fourteen to fifteen (art and deception
both), eleven to twelve (jealousy and international differences each).

If we utilize the above data, we can select “The Great Good
Place” (January 1900) and ”The Jolly Corner” (December 1908) as the
representative stories of the "late" period. ”The Great Good Place"
is 10,000 words long, has a third-person point of view, is set in
England, contains four characters, and has fantasy, art, and identity
as its themes. "The Jolly Corner” is 13,500 words long, has a third—
person point of view, is set initially in New York City (but ulti—
mately in the world at large, where America and Europe confront each
other), and has love, identity, international differences, and fantasy
as its themes.

This list of six representative tales might be divided on the
basis of length into two groups spanning James's artistic career.
We could place "At Isella," ”Nona Vincent" (each 11,000 words), and
”The Great Good Place" (10,000 words) in Group I. Then we could col-
lect "The Madonna of the Future,” ”The Death of the Lion“ (each

14,500 words), and "The Jolly Corner" (13,500 words) as Group II.

66If seven seems like a large number, remember that it is

less than half the number of themes present in this period.

67The number of themes is greater than the number of stories
because some stories have more than one theme.

 

hepplying a last
tin-'etess -- we 33::

gran. James incl;

 

:riginal New York
Giorgi for such i.
main the most re

1: the three c
teazalyze the sent
Expose of deterain
career. For my ana

.\
tales as

given in L

 

 

17
By applying a last criterion -- James's own opinion on representa-
tiveness -- we gain a means for choosing the more representative
group. James included all three of Group II stories in the
original New York edition, whereas he picked only the last story in
Group I for such inclusion.68 Group II, therefore, would seem to
contain the most representative tales of James's career.

In the three chapters following this "Introduction,” I plan
to analyze the sentence structure in the Group II tales, for the
purpose of determining the usual patterns in each period of James's
career. For my analysis I intend to use the texts of these three

tales as given in Leon Edel's twelve volume edition, The Complete

 

Tales of Henry James.69 The text provided in each case is that of
the first book publication. It comes within one or two years after

the original magazine publication and always during the same general

period of James's career.70
The method of analysis used for this study was constructed for

the purposes of clarity, practicality, and completeness. Each sen-

tence is classified according to the broadest traditional categories

68"The Madonna of the Future" appears in Volume XIII, "The Death
of the Lion" in Volume XV, "The Jolly Corner" in Volume XVII, and
"The Great Good Place" in Volume XVI.

69Philadelphia, 1962—1965. "The Madonna of the Future" appears
in Volume III (1962), "The Death of the Lion" in Volume IX (1964)
and "The Jolly Corner" in Volume XII (1965).

70"The Madonna of the Future" first appears in magazine form in
Burch 1873 and in book form in 1875, "The Death of the Lion" in April
1894 (magazine) and in 1895 (book), and "The Jolly Corner” in December
1908 (magazine) and 1909 (book). Their publications respectively were
in Atlantic Monthly and A Passionate Pilgrim, in Yellow Book and

:ygmunations, and in English Review and The Novels and Tales of
any James .

 

esszzple (8), co:
2:;5 also categor.
s;ee::, exposition
ation, and miles

treatim of each s

3‘13, relative Cl
1:15 (including a 5
“"6“ (3). direct

..ezerzt (013), or P

 

.3. ‘1'“,
m. _ .‘p. 'uLs ..
..ee~u0rd -
‘ L
., 5'
l“\ .
I
1.1: .
V 110
‘ ‘l g 4
age. “~65
K.
. gerara

18

as simple (S), compound (Cd), complex (Cx), or compound-complex (Cc).71
It is also categorized as to sentence purpose; dialogue (D) or direct
speech, exposition (E) or description, narration (N) or statement of
action, and reflection (R) or statement of thoughts.72 A detailed
breakdown of each sentence's syntax proceeds from the fact that
English contains six main structures to form a sentence: noun phrase
(NP), verb phrase (VP), prepositional phrase (PP), subordinate clause
(S-cl), relative clause (R-cl), and ”ex” phrase (Ex). Any group of
words (including a single word73) which performs a noun function -—
subject (8), direct object (DO), indirect object (10), objective com—
plement (0C), or predicate nominative (PN) -- and does not contain a
finite verb is a noun phrase.74 A group of words (again, including
a single word) performing a verb function —- such as stating an action,
condition, state of being or linking noun phrases -~ and containing a
tense is a verb phrase. Groups of words containing a preposition75
and modifying another main structure are prepositional phrases.

71The items in parentheses are the abbreviations for the

various elements used in the analysis of the following chapters.

These abbreviations are necessary for practical purposes and are,
I have found, exceedingly clear.

72My list of sentence purposes is similar to Richard Bridgman's
"levels of narrative" (see pp. 6-7 of this study), but is probably
more practical and complete overall.

73There is no purpose in multiplying unnecessary distinctions
between elements performing the same function. A one—word subject
and a three-word subject are for practical purposes both noun phrases.

74This includes infinitives and participial phrases (under which
I have placed gerunds, again for the sake of practicality).

75A relatively complete list of prepositions will be found in

Vfilliam Schwab, Guide to Modern Grammar and Exposition (New York,
1967), pp. 50-52.

5.5::iinate clause

 

at: a finite verb,

:5: of the sente:

l

:latses are groups
Shite verb, which
azeerl or the ent.

q
:

f:.r:ioc.’9 An "ea
"mr 1 '

a ..t.er’ functtor.
r ~l J '
ex,.ettt'e (Expl 5

In addition, e.

 

 

 

 

 

.....e parts, some 0'

513:“ ‘.
“ Please may Ce

fézti" '
'e(Al)s a dEil

t5; discover in a

re.
”bee 1' {
r-59F “.11,“ :

...

q

"A :Ih's
KLL‘l‘e vet
753
e ‘ t
E DC, gab,

” - .0?-
.:_e "
x: {l’t- r ralatk‘
“SEC
~u
;,.-.

‘ Se . .
d 4'“
:5 “t m .
a. . a! ' 0G5
- V-‘ild 15

l9

Subordinate clauses are groups of words containing a subordinator76
and a finite verb,77 which modify other main structures or the entire
rest of the sentence, or which perform a noun function. Relative
clauses are groups of words containing a relative pronoun78 and a
finite verb, which modify another main structure (usually containing
a noun) or the entire rest of the sentence, or which perform a noun
function.79 An ”ex" phrase is a word or group of words which perform
a "filler" function, such as direct address (DA), exclamation (Excl),
or expletive (Expl).8O

In addition, each of the first five main structures has consti—
tuent parts, some of which can be found in more than one structure.
A noun phrase may contain a noun proper (N), a pronoun (Np), an ad-
jective (Aj), a determiner (D),81 and certain verb elements.82 One
might discover in a verb phrase a modal (M),83 "have," "be,” a usual

76See William Schwab, Guide to MOdern Grammar and Exposition,
p. 69 for a list of such words (for example, "as,” “although," “if“).

77A finite verb is one which contains a tense.

78$ee Schwab, p. 66 for a list of relatives (for instance, "who").

79Prepositional phrases are not considered to be a part of a sub-
ordinate or relative clause, but to be a separate structure modifying
the clauses.

301 derived the terminology, "ex" phrase, from the fact that
such a phrase seems to be extraneous to the rest of the sentence.

81See Schwab, p. 20 for a list of determiners, which include
definite and indefinite articles.

82These would be found in infinitives and participial phrases.

. 83The modals are: can, could, may, might, must, shall, should,
wen" would, and sometimes do and did.

:rtsitive verb (V
szrnsitive verb
Til alinking t-e:
set participle (-.
2;;elifier (0)095
fez: in a noun par

i“?
vou.4

W399! (P).

 

 

filter. found in a '

,9 3r relative pro

.t‘ea .orn of " ‘

-‘ 51y becoze
'555'5There are 0?.
anti-anal tenses
,.

0"Prese't a"
‘ “4‘

31:,
. 11$}2e -
E'.‘ u abbrE‘v’l
l». v-

A \r
. N
E=‘és ., ~
’ ‘
1W“. .‘«E
..1 W;
. “-E"
‘ uh'

2O

transitive verb (Vt), a transitive verb of the "give" class (Vtg),
a transitive verb of the "elect” class (Vte),84 an intransitive verb
(Vi), a linking verb (Vl),35 a tense (T-—present or past),86 a pre-
sent participle (-ing), a past participle (~en), an adverb (Av), and
a qualifier (Q).88 A prepositional phrase may contain most elements
found in a noun phrase and some found in a verb phrase, plus a prepo-
sition proper (P). Subordinate and relative clauses may have any
element found in a noun phrase and verb phrase, plus the subordinator
(S) or relative pronoun (R) itself.89 Each sentence in the three
tales studied is analyzed into both its main structures and their
constituent parts.

The final chapter will be the "Conclusion," presenting my obser—
vations drawn from the data of the first four parts. There exists

84A "give" verb is characterized by requiring both an indirect
object and a direct object; an ”elect" verb requires both a direct
object and an objective complement.

85A linking verb is one which joins two noun phrases and may
have a form of "be" substituted for it (for example, I "feel" happy

can roughly become I "am" happy).

86There are only two tenses, strictly speaking, because the other
traditional tenses are really various elements in the verb phrase.

87Present and past participles are characterized by the endings
-ing and -en in most cases.

88See‘William Schwab, Guide to Modern Grammar and Exposition,
p. 34 for a list of qualifiers, which include words like "very.”

8980me abbreviations, such as S for both "subordinator" and
"subject," are identical in a literal sense, but not in context.
Noun phrase functions will always be placed by themselves within
parentheses, while actual elements in a sentence (such as subordi-
nators) will either appear outside parentheses or, if placed within
an.author's parentheses, will appear together with the other elements
in.their particular structure.

aetrzng need to i

a; a: literal" s

':-':V-A.1- “4 r7

-.r..:.-(‘S 3....
v

“n.

 

:::‘.-.."9'~' And in c~

1er the point su.
5;:taxc‘oes." "The

'I :1}; "
ammo. s syntac‘.

tee: e-
, ...en, to be a

 

...:.=t..;ated contl!
|
1 :0“

‘rr‘a.
"“‘Iuite

not”

fl
he» York, 1

A u
n

“i
j
Queue
. UV .g ”
can - ax MdK€=
'9PP.4>1~"‘
-e“~h' ‘J‘
{W's/.6"
‘r

one he

 

21
a strong need to integrate the critical methods of the grammarian
and the literary scholar. As H. A. Gleason, Jr. points out in

Linguistics and English Grammar: "Grammar and literary studies gener-

 

ally go their separate ways, most probably to the detriment of
both.”90 And in dealing with style, an area of concern common to
both approaches, we should remember something else. Harry R. Warfel
makes the point succinctly: ”Words as words do not make literature:
syntax does." ”The significant differences in literature lie in

an author's syntactical maneuvering."91 Sentence structure would
seem, then, to be an especially valuable aspect of style, and
substantiated conclusions about "an author's syntactical maneuvering"

can contribute notably to our understanding and evaluation of him.

90 .
New York, 1965, p. 420.

91”Syntax Makes Literature," College English, XXI (February
1960), pp. 251-252. Despite Warfel's intelligent recognition of
the problem, one finds that much of the material on stylistics is
fragmentary, tentative, and at times relatively unsophisticated.
See, for example, the following: Amado Alonzo, "The Stylistic Inter—
pretation of Literary Texts," Modern Language Notes, LVII (1942),
489-496; Harold B. Allen, ed., Readings in Applied English Linguis-
tics (New York, 1964); Richard Bridgman, The Colloquial Style in
America (New York, 1966); Donald Davie, Articulate Energy: An
Enquiry into the Syntax of English Poetry (New York, 1958); Leonard
F. Dean and Kenneth G. Wilson, eds., Essays on Language and Usage,
2nd ed. (New York, 1963); Samuel R. Levin, Linguistic Structure in
Poetry (London, 1964); Josephine Mills, Style and Proportion: The
Language of Prose and Poetry (Boston, 1967); Richard Ohmann,
"Generative Grammars and the Concept of Literary Style," Word,
XX (December 1964), 423-439; Leo Spitzer, Linguistics and Literary
history: Essays in Stylistics (New York, 1962); Ronald Sutherland,
"Structural Linguistics and English Prosody," College English,
XX (1958), 12-17.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

‘ ha

(l) b (s) t
Vt-cn Av D A
Watt) lit-e
PP l 8 R-tl
This is a co"

52) M (S) s ha.
"(00) e P!)
“P N 8 ha»
HP 3 SP? I 4

”M. This

I“
be Elpl 5 be “Pa

 

MET(Past),
“HAM“
by”? 1 5
””3sz
P96.

“his is

(i)

(2)

(3)

(1*)

main

”THE MADONNA OF THE FUTURE”
Np (8) SI have T(Past) be-en Vining 8 P D N s R have T(Past)
Vt-en AV 0 A) N,--& P (dei)2 D N C3 N s R Av Av S P D N 5 have
T(Pest) Vt-en D A} N, c Vtmen D A] N 8 P D AJ. NP l 5 VP 1 8
PP l s R-cl l 5 PP 2 s R-cl 2 5 PP 3 8 R-cl 2 (cont.)h 5 PP h.
This is a complex sentence used for exposition.
D N (S) s have T(Past) be-en Vtg-ing 8 Np (ID) 8 D A] A} Aj
N (DO) 8 P D N 8 R N Np have T(Past) Av Vi-en 8 C R s P D D A]
N s P N s have T(Past) Av Vi-en s P AJ N. NP I 8 VP l e NP 2
a NP 3 sPP I e s R-cl I s R-cl 2 s PP 2 5 PP 3 s R-cl 2 (cont.)
5 PP h. This is a complex sentence used for exposition.
Exp] 5 be T(Past) s D N (S) 5 P P D N 8 P D N; s P Np s 5 (del)
Np v: T(Past), s N (s) 5 Vi T(Pest) s Aj (PN) s Vt-ing o u e P
o Aj N, s c ill-ing s P o N a. R be T(Past) be-ing Vi-en e P o N.
Ex I 5 VP I 8 NP I 5 PP I 8 PP 2 8 PP 3 & S-cl l 5 NP 2 8 VP 2
s NP 3 s NP 2 (cont.) s PP h s NP 2 (cont.) 8 PP S s R-cl l 5
PP 6. This is a compound-complex sentence used for exposition.
"Np (S) 8 N T(Pres)‘not5 Vt e Q,Aj D N R (dei) Np be T(Pres),"
s Np (S) 8 Vi T(Past) e P A}, s ”C Np (S) s 'have T(Pres) Vt-en

IThe abbreviation "8” is a symbol used by me to clearly separate
structures in a sentence.

2The abbreviation ”dei" refers to a word which is understood in

the structure, but deleted in the literal eXpression of a sentence.

3”C” stands for a conjunction actually present in the sentence.

A

”Cont." refers to a structure which has been interrupted and

continued later on in a sentence.

SAn apostrOphe between words indicates a contracted word, and

the symbol "not” refers to the presence of this negative word in
the sentence.

22

(1) (cont) 3
PP l 3 HP
used .‘or d

(5) "b (S) s
I. C"--s N.
M! i Np
PP I t up I
used for d

(6) ”'P (S) e l
I? l ; yp '
“Kale lent

ii In (S) o t
M" "P s
"P l & VP I
This h l c

:8) N (S) ; A5
HMH
”I (00),
P? z 5 PP 3

(4)

(S)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

23
(cont.) 5 Np (00)." NP l 5 VP I 5 Sucl I (no)6 5 NP 2 5 VP 2 a
PP I 5 NP 3 5 VP 3 5 NP h. This is a compound-complex sentence
used for dialogue. '
"Np (S) 5 'have T(Pres) Vt-en 5 D AJ N (00) 5 R Vt T(Past) D D
N, C"--5 Np (S) 5 Vi T(Past) 5 P D N--5 "Np (S) 5 N T(Past)3not
Q Vt 5 Np (00)." N? l 5 VP l 5 NP 2 5 R-cl l 5 NP 3 5 VP 2 5
PP l 5 NP h 5 VP 3 5 NP 5. This is a compoundmcomplex sentence
used for dialogue.
"Np (s) s Vt T(Past) s o N (00) s P N, 5 c Vt T(Past) a Np(oo).”
NP I 5 VP I s NP 2 5 PP I 5 VP I (cont.) 5 NP 3. This is a
simple sentence used for dialogue.
Np (s) o s Vt T(Past) s N (00) s P o A] N s R have T(Past)
Vt-en Np 5 P N C N, 5 C R (dei) have T(Past) D A) N 5 P N.
NP l 5 VP l 5 NP 2 5 PP l 5 R-cl l 5 PP 2 5 R-cl 2 5 PP 3.
This is a complex sentence used for exposition.
Np (S) 5 Av Vt T(Past) 5 Np (D0) 5 Av, 5 C S Np be T(Past) Vixen

7 Vt

s P o N s P o N 5 P D A] N s Np (s) s be T(Past) Vt-en s to
o N (00). NP I 5 VP I s NP 2 5 VP I (cont.) 5 chl I 5 PP I 5
PP 2 5 PP 3 5 NP 3 5 VP 2 5 NP 4. This is a compound-complex
sentence used for narration.

s Np be T(Past) to Vt s s Np N T(Past) Vi-ing VI, 5 Np (S) s N
T(Past) Av have to Vt 5 S D A] N, 5 R (dei) be (dei) T(Past)

(dei) D N, 5 R have T(Past) Vt-en D N, 5 Vi T(Past) Av 5 P

6

Hhen a subordinate or relative clause performs a noun function,

this will be indicated in the analysis of main structures.

7The word "to" is employed to indicate an infinitive.

(9) (cont.) Vi-
i I, l C, V
"PD I,
ll-on i lip
lb 3 Hi
iii-cl l t
N 2 & S-cl
S-cl l t R-
III. I. . c

W In (S): II
("1) D A; II
ti-cl l t u
used for ,4,

(H) '9 (S) t I.
T(int) ll N.
5‘ Wm).
H' "P l I

(”H-l & s

(9)

(10)

(ll)

(12)

(13)

2h
(cont.) Vi-ing Aj-N, 5 to Vt D Vi-lng to (dei) be (dei) D N 5
P N, 5 c, Vte-ing Np D Vl-ing N, have T(Past) Vi-en 5 P D N 5
P P P o N. s c Vt T(Pest) o N Av Q AV, 5 R, s s o N be T(Pest)
Vi-en 5 Np Vi T(Past) Av 5 P Np, 5 C Vtg T(Pest) Np D A] N 5
P Np 5 P N D A] N. S-ci i 5 Smcl 2 5 NP l 5 VP 1 5 S-cl 3 (DO)
5 R-cl l 5 R-cl 2 5 S-cl 3 (cont.) 5 PP l 5 S-cl 3 (cont.) 5
PP 2 5 S-cl 3 (cont.) 5 PP 3 5 PP N 5 S-cl 3 (cont.) 5 R-cl 3 5
S-cl N 5 R-cl 3 (cont.) 5 PP 5 5 R-cl 3 (cont.) 5 PP 6 5 PP 7.
This is a complex sentence used for reflection.
Np (S) 5 Vi T(Pres) 5 P D N 5 D P N: 5 R (dei) be (dei) T(Past)
(dei) o A] III (5 N (s) 5 Vi T(Past).) NP I 5 VP I 5 PP l5 PP 2
5R-cl l 5 NP 2 5 VP 2. This is a compound-complex sentence
used for narration.
Np (s) s have T(Past) Vlmen Av 5 P o N 5 P N, 5 c s Np Vt
T(Pest) D N 5 P N 5 P N 5 have T(Pest) Vt-en 5 S, 5 A] N S Np
be T(Pest), 5 Np N T(Pres) Vtg D N D AJ N 5 P P Vi-ing Av 5
P N. NP l 5 VP l 5 PP l 5 PP 2 5 chl l 5 PP 3 5 PP h 5 VP l
(cont.) 5 S-cl 2 5 S-cl 3 5 S-cl 2 (cont.) 5 PP S 5 PP 6.
This is a complex sentence used for narration.
D A] N (S) 5 Vi T(Pest) Av Av 5 P P D AJ N 5 P D N, 5 c Vi
T(Past) 5 S S Np Vi T(Pust) 5 P D N 5 P N. NP l 5 VP l 5 PP l
5 PP 2 5 VP l (cont.) 5 S-cl l 5 PP 3 5 PP h. This is a com-
plex sentence used for exposition.
Np (s) s Vt T(Pest) s Np (no). 5 c P s N 5 P a II 5 VI T(Past)
5 P D AJ N, 5 R (dei) be (dei) T(Pest) (dei) Vl-en Av 5 P D AJ
NJ N. NP l 5 VP l 5 NP 2 5 PP l 5 PP 2 5 VP l (cont.) 5 PP 3 5

R-cl l 5 PP h. This is a complex sentence used for narration.

(IL) is II T(Pa$

iPDAJN

   

PH 8 PF 3
used ior e-

f‘E‘ PM,“

\

Wen. P

Wu semen:

 

(M)

(15)

('6)

(ll)

(18)

(19)

(20)

25
Av Vi T(Past) 5 D N N (S), 5 P D A] A} N, 5 P D A] Aj-N Vining
5 P D Aj N 5 P D Aj-N 5 P D N 5 P D N. VP l 5 NP l 5 PP l 5
PP 2 5 PP 3 5 PP h 5 PP S 5 PP 6. This is a simple sentence
used for exposition.
P D N, 5 P D Vi-en N, 5 Vi T(Past) 5 D Aj N (S) 5 R Np Av Vi
T(Past). PP l 5 PP 2 5 VP l 5 NP l 5 Reel i. This is a com-
plex sentence used for exgosition and narration.
Np (3) 5 P D N, 5 P D N 5 P D A} N, 5 be T(Past) 5 D A} N (PNE,
Vi-ing 5 P D Aj N 5 P D Vt-en N. NP 1 5 PP l 5 PP 2 5 PP 3 5
VP 1 5 NP 2 5 PP 4 5 PP S. This is a simple sentence used
for exposition.
P D N 5 Np (S) 5 Vt T(Past) 5 Np (DO) 5 P N“s N. PP l 5 NP l
5 VP l 5 NP 2 5 PP 2. This is simple and used for narration.
Np (5)5ViT(Pest)5PDDN5PDAjN5PDAjN5PN,5
Vi-en5PDAj A) N,5RVtT{Pre:~:)DAjCA];AJ,Q5PPP
Np Vt-ing Av 5 P D Aj Aj N D Aj N 5 P D Vi-en N. NP 1 5 VP l
5 PP I 5 PP 2 5 PP 3 5 PP h 5 PP 3 (cont.) 5 PP S 5 R-ci I 5
PP 6 5 PF 7 5 P? 8 5 PP 9 5 PP 10. This is e compler sentence
used for narration and erpositicn.
D N (S) 5 be T(Pres) 5 N {PN), 5 Np (S) 5 N T(Pres) Vt 5 D N
(00), 5 c P o Aj N, 5 c P N 5 P N N. NP I 5 VP I 5 NP 2 5 NP 3
5 VP 2 5 NP h 5 PP l 5 PP 2 5 PP 3. Thit is a compound sentence
used for exposition.
Vi-ing 5 P Np 5 P D Aj n 5 P D Np, 5 Np (S) 5 Q Vt TiPast) 5 o
A} N (no) 5 P N, 5 c, s s Np (dei) be (dei) T(Past) (dei) Vi~en
5 P o N, 5 o N (S) 5 Vi TiPast) 5 P o N 5 P o N, 5 s No have

T(Past) be-en Vi‘ing 5 P D N, 5 C Vt T(Past) 5 Np (DO) 5 P A] N,

(w) (co't.) --5
MD I 5 F
iii lipas-I
"2 5 PP 3j
HIP} 5 UPI

ii in PP 9I
iii-cl 2 5 5|
couplu sew

(2H PM; H)
"."N M 3
“Item use

{12) I. (S) a w

This i' . S"

(23; We AV ;

PDNSPAJ
I, hung 0 A
Nani.) ‘ lP

‘PP 5' ‘hlg

 

 

".
.h" "

(20)

(21)

(22)

(23 )

(2h)

(25)

26
(cont.) --5 R (dei) be (dei) T (Pest) (dei) D Aj, Aj N, Vi-en
5 PID N 5 P A] A] N (5 S Np Vi T(P55t), 5 C P D N 5 P Aj N, 5
R Vi T(Past) 5 P o N, 5 Vicing 5 P o Aj A] N. NP I 5 PP I 5
PP 2 5 PP 3 5 NP l (cont.) 5 VP l 5 NP 2 5 PP h 5 S-cl l 5 PP 5
s NP 3 5 VP 2 5 PP 6 5 PP 7 5 smcl 2 5 PP 8 5 VP 2 (cont.) 5
NP h 5 PP 9 5 R-ci l 5 PP i0 5 PP ll 5 chl 3 5 PP l2 5 PP l3
5 R-cl 2 5 PP lh 5 PP l3 (cont.) 5 PP l5. This is a compound-
complex sentence used for narration.
P o N 5 P D Q Viving N, 5 Np (s) 5 Vt T(Pest) 5 Np (no) 5 P o
"N." PPl 5 PP 2 5 NP l 5 VP l 5 NP 2 5 PP 3. This is a simple
sentence used for narration.
Np (s) 5 VI T(Pest) 5 AJ, Aj, Q,Aj (PN).. NP I 5 VP I 5 NP 2.
This is a simple sentence used for refiection.
Vi-ing Av 5 P D Viwen N, 5 Np (S) 5 N T(Past) have Viven, 5
P D N 5 P A] N,-~5 S D N 5 P A] N 5 be TiPest} not AV D Aj A]
N, Vtaing D A] NwN, 6 Av Aj 5 P D Vimen N. NP l 5 PP i 5 NP 1
(cont.) 5 VP I 5 PP 2 5 PP 3 5 S-cl I 5 PP A 5 smcI I (cent.i
5 PP S. Thie is a complex sentence uged for reflection.
o N (s) 5 be T(P55t) Vl-en Av 5 A3 (PN) 5 P o A] N 5 P R Np
Vt T(Past) o Vtmen N. NP I 5 VP I 5 NP 2.5 PP I 5 R-cl I.
This is a complex sentence need for narration.
“Np (S) 5 “have T(Pres) Vt-en 5 N (DO) 5 P (dei) D (dei) AJ
N (dei), 5 DA, 5 C Np (S) 5 “have T(Pres) Av Vt-en 5 Np (DO)
to (dei) be (dei) Q,Aj 5 S Np (dei) be (dei) T(Pres) (dei) Av.“
NP 1 5 VP l 5 NP 2 5 PP l 5 Ex 5 NP 3 5 VP 2 5 NP h 5 S-ci i.

This is a compound-complex sentence used for dialogue.

V'W(Ns
A} II.” NP
7th I: .L

W)%I6)s

 

5P0 I S R
V l S NP 2
”WM sen
{28) ”"9 (5) (de
hlIPo
”Ikwn)
used ‘or die
W'W(HIN

t V! up,”

Uu°fillu£

P0 lg." NP

.
1‘ ' si’O‘eI

31.} "Np (‘.‘l

-" ‘ be

(Z6)

(27)

(23)

(29)

(30)

27
”Np (S) 5 'be T(Pre5) 5 S S D N 5 P D N 5 be T(Pe5t) Av 5 P D
A} N." NP l 5 VP l 5 Svel l 5 PP l 5 S-el l (cont.) 5 PP 2.
This is a complex sentence used for dialogue.
"D N (S) 5 be T(Pre5) Viming; 5 D N (S) 5 Vi T(Pres) 5 P Np
5 P o N 5 R (dei) be (dei) T(Pre5) (dei) Vl-en Aj." NP I 5
VP l 5 NP 2 5 VP 2 5 PP l 5 PP 2 5 R-cl i. This is 5 compound-
eomplex sentence used for dialogue.
"Np (5) (del) 5 Vt T(Pre5) 5 D Aj N (DO) Vi-ing Av 5 P N 5 to
Vt N 5 P D A] N 5 P N9 5 P N!” NP l 5 VP l 5 NP 2 5 PP l 5
NP 2 (cont.) 5 PP 2 5 PP 3 5 PP h. This is a simple geutence
used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 5 H T(Paet) Vi Av 5 P D A} N 5 S Np N T(Pree) V5 5 R
Np Vi T(Pres)." NP l 5 V? l 5 PP l 5 Swel i 5 Rue] l. This
is a complex sentence used for dialogue.
o A] N (s) 5 P Np, 5 P o N c N. 5 have T(Past) 5 o N (no) 5
P D NE" NP l 5 PP l 5 PP Z 5 VP l 5 NP 2 5 PP 3. This is a
is a SEMple 5entence uéed for dialogue.
"Np (5) 5 be TiPast) 5 D N (PN) 5 P N. 5 DA.” NP I 5 VP I 5
NP 2 5 PP l 5 Ex 1. This is simple and used for dialogue.
"o N (s) 5 VI T(Pre5) AV 5 P N. 5 c o A] c A} N {5) 5 Vte
T(Pest) 5 o A] N (00) AJ (05) 5 c 0 AJ N (no) A} (05)." NP I
5 VP i 5 PP l 5 NP 2 5 VP 2 5 NP 3 5 NP h. This is a compound

sentence used for dislogue.

(33) "Np (s) 5 VI T(Pree) 5 P o N 5 P N2” NP I 5 VP I 5 PP I 5 PP 2.

This is a simple sentence used for dialogue.

(3“) "ND (5) 5‘VI T(Pr55) 5 P o A} N. 5 Vtwing Np o A} A} N 5 P Aj

C AJ N. 5 Vtmlng Np Av 5 P D A} N 5 C P D Aj N, 5 C Vt-lng Np

'34) (MIL) C \
PP2 HP 1
l
simple sent
85> 'M (5)5
is a simple
:35) "CH T(Pres
T(Pres),"--
"Hp Vt In
H DN‘," 3
VP 2 m 3
(cont.) & p;

Used f0? dia

73’) 'I‘p <3) & h.

 

(34)

(35)

(36)

(37)

(38)

(39)

(40)

28
(cont.) 0 Vt-ingN c N." NP 1 & VP 1 &PP 1 &NP 1 (cont.) 8:
PP2 &NP 1(cont.)& PP 3 8: PP 4 &NP 1 (cont.). This is a
simple sentence used for dialogue.
"D N (S) &.P N & be T(PreS) Vi-enl" NP 1 & PP 1 & VP 1. This
is a simple sentence used for dialogue.
"C M T(Pres) 8: Np (S) 8: Vt 8: S (del) Np Vt T(Pres)--Np Vt
T(Pres),"--& C Np (S) V1 T(Pres) Av 81 Q Aj (PN) 8: P D Aj N,--
"81 Np Vt T(Pres) 8: S (de1)D N 8: P D N 8: Vi T(Pres) & P Np Av
&P DN’." VP 1 &NP 1 &VP 1 (cont.) &S-c1 1(DO)&NP 2 8:
VP 2 &LNP 3 &.PP l & S-cl 1 (cont.) & S—cl 2 & PP 2 & S-cl 2
(cont.) & PP 3 & PP 4. This is a compound-complex sentence
used for dialogue.
'Np (S) 8: have T(Pres) Av Vte-en & D N (DO) Q Aj (OC), 8: D N
(DO) Q Aj (OC)'." NP 1 & VP 1 &NP 2 & NP 3. This is a simple
sentence used for dialogue.
"Q8lDAj N (S)&PN &PN &CPNN &Vt T(Pres)&tthD
N'sN (00)." VP 1 &NP 1 &PP 1 &PP 2 &PP 3 &VP 1(cont.)
& NP 2. This is a simple sentence used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 81 Vi T(Pres) & S S D Aj N be T(Past) Vi-en 8: P D N 8:
P D N, 8: c s s, Vi-ing Av 8: P Aj N, & Np M T(Pres)--Np M T(Pres)
VtDN!" NP 1&VP 1&S-cl 1&PP 1&PP 2&S—c1 2&PP 3&
S-cl 2 (cont.). This is a complex sentence used for dialogue.
Vt-ing 82 P D N, 8: S (del) Np Vi T(Pres), 8: D Vi-ing N Vi-en 8:
P D Vi-en N, & D Aj N (S) 8: Vi T(Past) C Vi T(Past). NP 1 8:
PP l 8: S-cl 1 &NP 1(cont.)& PP 2 &NP 1 (cont.) 8: VP 1.

This is a complex sentence used for narration.

 

 

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1 " ;
o \-

TD

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l
K; ,
' I C
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l‘p A
h .
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5’ Q “ 7 ‘ 1 I A “ : z -' q . W '.) ‘ .‘O- .
T(Pres,.“ VP 3 E NP 1 e a? 2 {3677.} S P? 3 G N? m s \F L &

NP 3 8 S~gi 3. Ifiis ’5 sQflpCurd~eompTPz and used for ofaioaue.

(“2) ”E!Di & “be Eicresfi re: a D N {FNP 5 r: E? {S) g P D N 5 C y?

t

N? 3 s N? 2 é PP I & NF I {canto} 5

Ԥ 5
w
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FF
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(“33 “3 AV» 5 ”P if) 5 Pt ?2Prea)w a ; afie E Ns'te T(Fres} & P a N.”

“V
.fi
9n
3'
‘3
.—
'3'
{P
‘f‘
.d
‘ 3
,4.
V "
on
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Y
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m
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(#b) ”C As, Aw. 5 hp (3) 5 Pt TiFa¥tj & S i:s!j 5;, As, he T(Past)
0 N3” PP l a NP 1 6 VP 1 (cont.) e 516! 3 (003° Thii 3% A
complex sentence uéfid for dialogue.

(“5} “5G 3?} e 153 T(Pffii; nfi s D N {5N}, b 3 {only N; be T(P563j

‘ 1'
0
- n
r-
5'0
O

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Q:

"l f ' .7. - ‘. ,. ~ I ". , . 'V.‘ ‘ I” ’_ :4 ‘ , H ‘I
t I f? ‘5 t L) ’1‘ J "-'|.-' -J ‘\'z' a N 5.31%}: o '." I“ 1 It! F‘W-m‘ ' Ev

4“.
f\‘v
0
Ch
|l~“
I—
\

‘2 £1 é No (S; (6?
NP 5 {tvflfl.} 5 N? ;. Tfiis 7; simple and m‘ed for dis a; e.

is?) ”Np (33 s be TfFrsab E» s P a w; a u A, N gs; s fare EgFras?
Av Pi«ep & ha 1003.“ NF ‘ a VP 1 s F? E s NP ; s a? 2 s N? 3.

Rial: 35‘: :52- eztvrin,;ou.;éd 1* S."*,‘."‘-3sf"‘i.¢. 5.35d “03* d§a 1.=:-33.l.‘e’.

(b8) “5 Np”bs tifves) not U N, s N; (3; 5 J29 T(Pres) e A} (fix; :5
be Ngzw 5 ND {3) s P? T(Past) a P D N. Sea? 1 5 N? 1 s V? i
5 NP 3 & NP 3 8 VP 4 5 FF 3. This is a manpouod=comoisx

sentence used f0? dimioaus.

c,"-
I.”

\O

‘1"

”D A} N {'3} E. R. ‘H Wires.) 6.» P N 8.. m P D N, E.- C R. (do!) 2; P P

Véwing fly a 9 N, s t Uémfng & P 9 figs N a P D N, & “6 T59???)

w.-
v",

:..
\\‘
’1‘

(I.

33¢

l: g. 35-
“ir {-

5 ’a
i

(49)

(50)

(SP)

,,"‘
\”
U1
“‘5 fl

30

(cont.) Av 5 P N 6 P N 5 t3 V1

A} N (PM) E P D D N;” NF 1 a P

PP 3 a PP A a Fflg! P {zert.3.é

PP 7 a PP 8 a Real 2 {2312.) a PP 9 5 VP : & NP 2 5 PP

b N a P D A}, 5 ha'?(

“:1 3 a PP I a PP 2 a

This 53 a compiex senfenms usefi far dislodge.

D N (S) a be T(Past) AP ViIEP;
(PN). NP 1 a VP I s NP 2 5 VP
sentence used for refleztion.

No (S) 8 M T(Pafit) have be~en,

VP 3 5 P? I. This is a P’Npls

"No (5} (de!) a be (self: a. PgPr

L-

'

to V? D A? Q AW ; P N

0

"an.”
m

N? 1 &

sPntenoe uged few rsfieztion.

Pg?“ Us" A's!" 5 Np PN

‘1,
‘."

P

g

S

I l
:59

Np Vi T(Pres).” 5 Np (35 s v3 T(Pasti, ”s S D A; N be TiPres)

o A} N.” NP 1 a VP ! a NP 2 s

This a compoundtmompiar 36G?

a}.

_‘ " "I - ’ 1 w 5", ' ‘ .- .",_. Tm“, _. _ ‘ C", _ ‘_‘ .
'EN‘"N {3 I 3” E!“ A“; i. I. ) é" «a? ti" 9 7L '9}: a j o I 54;" r": 13'

A} N (90} a P N;” N? E a NP 3

.4
J’
m
I

P D H g “P {i} 5 t? 1(F;3t3 g;-

‘ K
d fiflmzamwii?nf9‘£étfle

Sun} 1 8 N? 3 5 V? 2

‘

1 . 1 ,,,,, J ,“ 1 r"
enze oxen ’05 é~&'fflu

m

?5 a gimp}? geqffiffie Pied fer Fj*f.

Es F(Pfi?1) 8 D A; N {3) 5 Q} A}

5 Av s o A} N (PN) a P u N a P

D ”N” s P D Vi-ing N? VP 3 § N9 3 & NP 2 8 VP 3 i N

(cont.) 5 NP A a PP l g Rec] 1

compfiem sentence used {or refls

C ”P (5) 5 be T(Pfst) oat Viwen

is a simple setter 3 used for r

-n

g

Q ..H

'i. 1;,

8 P? 2. This is a conpeLr

stint.

in it Na. NP ! 5 PP

strafi0*.

E

0

T(PPPE; bsnsn

we

5')

l;

{57) DA} AJ N
Vt 7(F5:t
PF 3 8 V“
used For

1'59) H (S) n
to V7. N
!e*te"*e l

{59‘ c"P ’.EJA
5' T(Paa
Min, Ni

I
K’O't.l ;

I r?
:5

”Win;

FF 2 & Pp
‘QN’eq.
1"."
xv“ b (S, 5 1
‘ Y
‘1
,b,,,
‘ ‘)o
in, H
(E:

(S7)

(58)

(59)

(60)

(61)

(62)

(63)

(6k)

33
o A} A] N (s) a VI T(Past) AV a P D Aj N P P o qu s P Np s c
Vt I(Past) a o Aj N {00) a P N. NP I 5 VP I a PP I I PP 2 a
PP 3 5 VP I (cont.) & NP g 8 PP h. This Is a sINpIe sentence
used for narration.
D N (S) 5 Vi T(Past), VI T(Past) s P Vt-Ing Np, & 6 VI I(Psst)
to VI. NP I 5 VP I & PP I & VP I (cont.). This Is a simpIe
sentence used for narration.
c Np (5) & Vt T(Past) 8 to Vt Q_Aj D N {00) s P Aj N, a S Np
be T(Past) Aj to VI & P Np, g C Vt T(Past) 5 S No H T(Past) VI
Av Av. NP I 5 VP I & NP 2 s PP I 5 chI I & PP 2 5 $~cI I
(cont.) 8 Sec] 2. This Is comsIex and used for narration.
Np (S) 5 Av VI T(Psgt), 5 C Np {3) s VI T(Past) & P P D N, 8
5 VI T(Past) a P P 0 AI N s P a N, s 0 VI T(Past) a P P o N.
This Is a compound senterce used for narration.
R N Np Vt T(Past) s Np {a} 3 Av V: IiPreeI, 5 c Np II) P VI
T(Past) Av Av & P D N a P (do?) D N VI~IP9 & P N e D N 5 P AI»
Aj A} N. R-cI I (POI P PP I 5 VP I a NP 3 a VP 2 a PP I a
PP 2 5 PP 3 6 PP Z I:ont.§ 6 PF 4. Ifiis Is a cmmpourd»csmpIex
sentence used Eor narration.
Np (S) 8 VI T(Past) 8 P Vitae N, E C Vt T(Past) 5 R D N Np be
T(Past). NP I 5 VP I a PP I & VP I (cont.} 5 chI I (90}.
This Is a compiex sentence used for Parrstion.
Np (3) a VI T(Past) P. P P Aj c II-Aj II-N s P o Aj N. NP I 5.
VP I 8 PP I 5 PP 2. Ibis Is simple and used for narwation.
”Np (S) 8 be T(Pres) 8 D N (PN) & P N.” & Np (S) 5 Vi T(PsPt§.
NP I a VP I s NP 2 & PP I & NP 3 S VP 2. Ifiis Is a compound

sentence used for dIsIogue.

I'm

I'a.‘

‘32)

"III; (S; I
se-te-ce
"In :5? I

This in

I ‘ "DNISI

SPPls

' "ErcIi ;

PP 1. Ti
"DHSI.

"VI (cei

(65)

(66)

(67)

(68)

(69)

(70)

(7')

(72)

(73)

(74)

(7S)

3;
”Np (s) s be T(Pres) Vivem to be Aji” NP I a VP I. This
sentence is simple and used for dialogue.
”Np (S) & be T(Pres) Viwen & P D Aj N.” NP I 5 VP l & PP I.
This is a simple sentenee used for dialogue.
"o N (s) a P Aj N s be T(Pres) a o Aj Aj A], A} N (PN)." NP I
5 PP l 5 VP I & NP 2. Thie is simple and Need for dialogue.
"Exolfl 5 Np (S) P be T(Pree) Viwee & P N." Ex I & NP I 8 VP I
PP l. This ie a simpie semtenoe used for dialogue.
"o N (s), s to Vi. have T(Pres) AP 5 D N (no) 5 s Np to Vi 3 o
N Vi (del) T(Pres) (dei).” NP l a VP I 8 NP 2 8 S-cl I. This
is a complex eentence used for dialogue.
”Np (s) s Vt T(Pres) a o A} N (00).” NP I a VP I & NP 2.
This is a simple sentence need for dialogue.
”Np (s) s have T(Pree) s c N” c N. c N ($03.” NP I a VP I &
NP 2. This is a eimple sentence Need for dialogue.
”Av N T(Past) 5 Np (s) a have a Np (00)?” VP I a NP I a VP I
(cont.) & NP 2. This is a eiPpIe sentenee Need for diangue.
”D Aj C A} N (S). S. D Aj N (S), c“. D lit-Ding N (S). a D Aj’: N (S)
s P Np a P A} N. e be T(Pree) s Q,Aj {PN) 5 P Np s R Vt T(Pree)
c Vt T(Pres) c Vt IIPrgsI D N, s s u Aj N be T(Pres) A} a P N
s P Vi-ing sz" NP I & NP 2 s NP 3 5 NP h a PP I 5 PP 2 5
VP I 8 NP 5 a PP 3 & R-cl I & S-oI I a PP h a PP 5. This is a
complex sentence used for dialogue.
”D A} N (S) 5 M T(Pres) VI 8 P A] N.” NP l 5 VP I 5 PP I.
This is a simple sentence used for dialogue.
”Np (s) 5 Vi T(Pree) AV 5 P N a P N.” a Np (s) 5 Vi T(Peet).

"a c N (s) a v. 1(Prea) s P Np 5 o Q,Aj N (PN). N? I 5 VP l

I'cont.)5
N9 I. I:
II TIP'
((3%; x

um

."
‘fl
‘ a

.5.
IPN;
PPlsPF

(75)

(76)

(77)

(78)

(79)

(80)

(81)

(82)

(83)

33
(cont.) 5 PP I a PP 2 e NP 2 a VP P 3 NP 3 a VP 3 5 PP 3 a
NP h. Thie ie a compound semtenee need for dialogue.
”a M I(Pree) s Np (s) e Vt & a o N I00)?” NP I e NP I 5 VP I
(cont.)'5 NP 2. This 53 a simple sentence used for diaiogue.
"Np is) 5 be i(Pre£) 5 Q’Aj (PN) 5 P to VI 5 P D N a P D A} N.
a P N. s P N. a c P {dei} D D N e P Np.” NP I a PP I a NP 2 5
PP I 5 PP 2 5 PP 3 e PP N 5 PP 5 a PP 6 e PP y. This 3p 5
simple sentence used for diaiogue.

VP I 5

PP

”D A} N (a; e be T(Prep) e to N1 Np Aj (PN).” NP I
NP 2. ihie is a simple eepteeee used for diangue.
”Expl 5 “be T(Pres) 5 D N (3) 5 P D A} N 5 P Np.” Ex i 5 VP 1
5 NP 1 5 PP I 5 PP 2. Thie is simple and used for diaiogue.
”Np (S) (del) 5 Vi T(Presi. Vi IiPre539 Ni T(PreeIi” NP l 5
VP I. This is a simpie sentence used for diangue.

”Np (5) (del) 5 be Peel) iéPreP) idei} 5 D N (PM) 5 S Npfihepe
T(Pree) to VI 0 N 5 P Np e P Np e P Mel” NP I e VP I s NP 2 8
See] I 5 PP I 5 PP Z 5 PP 3. ibis i5 e complex eertehme pgcd
for dialogue.

”Np AP 5 be IiPreP) N Np £5} 5 D N {PN} 5 P?” PP I 5 NP 3 5
MP I 5 NP 2 5 PP I (coPI.I. Thie is a Pimpie Pentepge peed
for dialogue.

”Be T(PreeI 5 Np (S) 5 D N (PN)?” 5 Np If) 5 Vi IiPeet). 5
Viwing C Vt-ing D N 5 P D N9 ”5 C Vt TIPPeP) 5 Np (D0) 5 P P D
N a P N3" VP I a NP I a NP 2 5 NP 3 a VP 2 e NP 3 (cont.) 5
PP I 5 VP l (eont.) 5 NP 4 5 PP 2 5 PP 3. ihis is a eompourd

sentence used for dialogue.

'2‘”
I u
\d

x.»

I?
‘9

C

" "NP I9)

Hp (S)
SDI I t
for dial
""19 (S)

IP I. T
"m, ;
T(Pres)

IP2$N
for diet
T "I0 (3)

”MN
T(Pres) I
R-cl | ;
I. ""D (3):
cc...
(S) P M
‘ IP 2 ;
PP 3 ‘ VI
f” “fan
”Np (5H

m, i“

3%

(8h) ”Np (5) (del) 5 be T(Prea) 5 A} N (PN),~~& Aj N (pg), 5 0A3”
& Np (s) 5 VI T(Pagt). a P o A} N. NP I a VP I a NP 2 a NP 3
5 Ex I 5 NP # 5 VP 2 5 PP i. This is a compouad sentence UPad
for dialogue.

(85) ”Np (S) (del) 5 M (del) T(Past) (del) ”Vi, Vi, Viiiw NP I 5
VP I. This is a simple sentence aged for diaiogue.

(86) "Excl, 5 Np (S) 5 0be Iiprea) 5 D N (PN): 5 Np i5) 5 Vt
T(Pres) s Np (Do) 5 Av." Ex I & NP I 5 VP I s NP 2 & NP 3 5
VP 2 5 NP h 5 VP 2 (cont.). This i5 a compound semtamce used
for dialogue.

(87) ”Np (5) (del) 5 M T(Prazilnot Vt 5 Np (00), 5 P N”$ N 5 P Np 5
P D A] N.--5 R (del) be (del) T(Pre$) (del) Aj N. 5 R have
T(Pres) c N c N3" NP I a VP I 5 NP 2 5 PP I 5 PP 2 5 PP 3 &
R-cl l 5 chl 2. This Is complex and used for diaiogua.

(88) ”Np (S) 5 “be T(Prda) 5 P NI"-~5 C Np (S) 5 Vi T(Past) 5 P Np
5 C Vt T(Past) 5 D N (003 5 S S Np be T(Pagti D Q Aj N.n~”5 Np
(S) 5 ”be T(Prsi) 5 P N 5 AV 3 AV.” NP 1 5 VP I 5 PP I 5 NP 2
5 VP 2 5 PP 2 5 VP Z (cont.3 5 NP 3 5 $~cl I 5 NP h 5 VP 3 5
PP 3 5 VP 3 (cont.). This is a pompoumd-compiem somtemce used
for dialogue and narratiom.

(89) ”Np (s) s “hava TIPres) Vtman 5 P N (DOI£” NP I 5 VP I 5 NP 2.
This is a simple Penteflco used for diaiogue.

(90) “Np (S) 5 “be T(Pres) 5 D N (PN); 5 Np (5) 5 “he IiPras) Av 5
D A}, Aj N (PN); 5 C Np (S) 5 M T(Paat) be 5 D Aj N (PN) 5.5
Np be T(Past) to Vt D Aj N 5 P N s to VI 5 P D Aj N2" NP I a
VP I s NP 2 5 NP 3 5 VP 2 5 NP N a NP 5 5 VP 3 & NP 6 s s-cI I

5 PP I 5 chl I (cont.) 5 PP Z. This is a compoundwcompiax

W(wm)u
[51) "NP (5) (c
tmfils
Imhii

 

IPbgp
"It"
S-cl 2 (no
sentenc. u
W“b6lt
TWNIN
msu.‘
8”"30M-II
" l I (no
”‘PDN
huh“)
iIII‘v
”SINI
“Wu..
WI%(”“
" l I VP
"'.“ for d
55) "' (dul) D
”Mun
3‘cl 1 (Do
“lid ,0? d
NI~“)‘V

NH") ‘ ‘

(90)
(Si)

(92)

(93)

(9‘!)

(95)

(96)

35

(cont.) sentence used for dialogue.

"Ip (5) (del) 8 I T(Pres)'not Vte 8 I (no) 0 I (on) 8 P I,"

8 Np (s) 8 VI T(Past) Av, 8 s Np Vt T(Past) Np Vi 8 P o N 8 P
I Ip Vt T(Past) D I; ”8 Ip (S) 8 Vt T(Pres) 8 S Ip'be T(Pres)
8PIp8PDI8SAJ IViT(Pres)Aj!" IPi8VP I 5IP25
PP I 8 IP 3 8 VP 2 8 S-cl I 8 PP 2 8 R-ci I 8 IP h 8 VP 3 8
S-cl 2 (DO) 8 PP 3 8 PP h 8 S-ci 3. This is a compound-complex
sentence used for dialogue and narration.

"Ip (S) 8 be T(Pres) 8 Ip (00) 5 P 0 AJ I.--8 Ip (S) 8 Vi
T(Pres) Vi-lng. IP l 8 VP i 8 IP 2 8 PP l 8 IP 3 8 VP 2.

This is a compound sentence used for dialogue.

"s o AJ-I Vi T(Pres) 8 P I 8 P I, 8 llp (s) 8 Vt NH») 8 to
Vt D I (DO) 8 P D 0 AJ I 8 I (del) he (dei) T(Pres) (del) Vi-en
A! 8 P D I C I; 8 Np (S) 8 Vi T(Pres) 8 P D 0 AJ I 8 P D I, 8 C
Vt T(Pres) 8 D I (no) Vi-ing Q_AV 8 P I." S-el i 8 PP l 8 PP 2
8 IP I 8 VP l 8 8 IP 2 8 PP 3 8 I-cl i 8 PP h 8 IP 3 8 VP 2 8
PP 5 8 PP 6 8 VP 2 (cont.) 8 IP I 8 PP 7. This is s cospound-
couples sentence used for dialogue.

"Ip (S) 8 Vt T(Pres) 8 S Ip be T(Pres) AV Vt-ing D I 8 P o I!"
IP l 8 VP i 8 S-ei i (no) 8 PP I. This is a complex sentence
used for dialogue.

"P (dei) s I 8 Ip (s) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 s Ip I T(Past)'not Vl 8 s
Ip have T(Past) VI-en 8 P I I 8 P I." PP l 8 IP i 8 VP i 8
S-el I (DO) 8 S-ei 2 8 PP 2 8 PP 3. This is a couples sentence
used for dialogue.

Ip (3) 8 Vi T(Past) 8 AV AJ (PI) 8 P AJ I c I. 8 c Ip (S) 8 Vi
T(Past) 8 P I 8 P D I 8 P I. IP l 8 VP l 8 IP 2 8 PP i 8 IP 3

in" 7" . I

9%) (cont.)

SCDYCUCC

‘.53

3 Np (S).
T(Past)
S-ch (

195} "In (S)

 

(96)

(97)

(98)

(99)

(100)

(lOl)

(102)

36
(cont.) 5 VP 2 5 PP 2 5 PP 3 5 PP h. This 38 a compound
sentence used for narration.
Np (S) 5 Vt T(Past) 5 S Np be T(Pegt) D Aj N, 5 C S Np h8g8
T(Past) Vt-en D A] N 5 P D N. NP l 5 VP i 5 Sec! 1 (DO) 5
S-cl 2 (DO) 5 PP i. This is complex and used for reflection.
”Np (S) 5 Vtg T(Pres) 5 Np (l0) 5 Np (00)," 5 Np (S) 5 Vi
T(Past). NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 NP 3 8 NP 8 8 VP 2. 15:; is a
compound sentence used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 5 'be T(Pres) Av 5 S Np Vi T(Past) Av 5 S Np have
T(Pres) Av ViuenD Av." NP l 8 VP 1 5 S-cl l 5 Sucl 2. This
is a complex sentence uzed for dialogue.
“Np P Np, 5 D A] N (S), 5 D A] A} N (S). 5 have T(Pres) Vi-en
Av 8 P Np, 8 c Vtgmen 8 Np (i0) 8 Np (no) 8 P o N, o A] N"
(8 c Np (s) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 o NwN (no). ”5 c o N 5 P o A] N,--
5 Np R be T(Past) A) 5 S Np be T(Pefit) A], 5 C Np R be T(Past)
A]. 8 S Np be T(Past) A)!" PP l 5 NP 1 5 NP 2 5 VP l 5 PP 2 5
VP I (cont.) 8 NP 3 8 NP 8 8 PP 3 8 NP S_8 VP 2 8 NP 6 8 PP 3
(cont.) 5 PP h 5 R-cl l 5 S-cl l 5 Racl 2 8 Sac] 2. This 58 a
compound-complex sentence used for dialogue.
"8 have T(Pres) 5 Np {3) 5 bewen 5 Q_Aj (PN) 8 P (del) Np 5
P (dei) D N?" 5 Np (S) 8 Vi T(Past), 8 P I. VP I 8 NP l 5
VP I (cont.) 8 NP 2 8 PP I 8 PP z 8 NP 3 8 VP 2 8 PP 3. This
is a compound sentence used for dialogue.
Np (s) 8 be T(Past) 8 AJ (PN) 8 Av 8 P Vi-Ing. NP I 8 VP I 8
NP 2 5 VP 1 (cont.) 5 PP i. This is a simple sentence used

for narration.

 

 

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PIN;
snz.

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IN

swic
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run;
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I»:;
This u
'W(N
lIn

 

(103)

(10“)

(105)

(106)

('07)

(lDB)

(109)

(llo)

(ill)

37
"Ip (5) (del) 8 have (del) T(Pres) (del) not 8 P D A] I!" 8
Ip (S) 8 Vi T(Past). 8 P I. IP I 8 VP l 8 PP l 8 IP 2 8 VP 2
8 PP 2. This is a compound sentence used for dialogue.
"Ip (S) 8 have T(Pres) Vt-en AV 8 to Vt Ip (D0) 8 P I." NP i
8 VP 1 8 IP 2 8 PP i. This is simple and used for dialogue.
"o I (no) 8 P D I 8 Np (s) 8 have T(Pres) Vl-en 8 P o A] I 8
P A] I; 8 D N (DD)--5 Expl'be T(Pres) AV 8 I (S) 8 P Np--8
Ip (S) 8 have T(Pres) AV Vt-en." IP I 8 PP l 8 IP 2 8 VP 1
8 PP 2 8 PP 3 8 IP 3 8 Ex 1 8 VP 2 8 IP h 8 PP N 8 IP 5 8 VP 3.
This is a coepound sentence used for dialogue.
"Ip (S) 8 I T(Pres) Vt. 8 P D I. 8 S Ip have T(Pres) not Vt-en
D I 8 P D I 8 P D I." IP l 8 VP l 8 PP l 8 S-cl l (DD) 8 PP 2
8 PP 3. This Is a coepiex sentence used for dialogue.
"P D I 8 P D I.” 8 c Ip (S) 8 Vi T(Past) AV. 8 Vt T(past) 8
Ip (DD) 8 P A] I. 8 S S D I be T(Past) to be AJ.--"8 Np (s) 8
'hava T(Pres) Av Vt-en 8 D I (00)!" PP l 8 PP 2 8 IP l 8 VP 1
8 IP 2 8 PP 3 8 S-cl l 8 NP 3 8 VP 2 8 IP 4. This is a
compound-complex sentence used for dialogue and narration.
”'P I 8 D I (S) 8 Vi T(Pres) 8 P D I.'" PP l 8 IP i 8 VP l
PP 2. This is a sinple sentence used for dialogue.
"I T(Pres) 8 Np (s) 8 Vt 8 o I (no) 8 P I?" VP I 8 NP I 8
VP l (cont.) 8 IP 2 8 PP i. This is a slnple sentence used
for dialogue.
"o A) I (s) 8 have T(Pres) Av be-en Vi-en 8 P AJ. NJ I." IP i
8 VP l 8 PP i. This is a simple sentence used for dialogue.
"Ip (S) 8 'be T(Pres) 8 D I (PI) 8 P I, 8 C P I!" IP i 8 VP 1
8 IP 2 8 PP l 8 PP 2. This is siepie and used for dialogue.

(M) "ii (5) l

(“3)

D simpli
"S Np Vi
S-cl I i
sentence
"5 Np V;
I PP I 5
"N (s)
lentente
"P (S) 8
(del) ff

5 S Np a

 

(ll2)

(1‘3)

(Ilh)

(lIS)

(ll6)

(ll7)

(ll8)

('19)

(l20)

38
"N (S) 8 be T(Pres) 8 A] (PN)." NP l 8 VP I 5 NP 2. This is
a simple sentence used for dialogue.
"s Np Vi T(Pres) 8 P Np, 8 P N 8 Np (s) 8 N T(Pres) Vi."
S-cl l 5 PP l 8 PP 2 5 NP l 8 VP i. This is a complex
sentence used for dialogue.
"S Np Vi T(Pres) 8 P Np, Np (S) 8 N T(Pres) Av Vi." S-cl l
8 PP l 8 NP l 5 VP i. This is complex and used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 8 N T(Pres) Vi." NP I 8 VP I. This is a simple
sentence used for dialogue.
Np (S) 8 have T(Past) Vt-en 8 Np (DD) 8 P D A] I. 8 R (del) be
(del) T(Pest) (del) Av 5 P D N, 5 5 (del) Np (S) 5 Vi T(Pres),
8 S Np have T(Past) Vt-en to Vt A] 5 P D N 5 P D N 5 P D A} N.
NP l 5 VP l 8 NP 2 5 PP I 5 R-cl l 5 PP 2 8 S-cl l 5 S-cl 2 5
PP 3 5 PP h 5 PP 5. This is complex and used for narration.
Np (s) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 Np (Do), 8 c, not 8 P Vt-lng o A} N 8
I Np N T(Past) Vi Av. NP 1 8 VP l 5 NP 2 5 VP l (cont.) 8
PP l 8 R-cl l. This is a complex sentence used for narration.
P (del) D D N 5 D N (S) 8 have T(Past) not Vi-en; 8 Np (S) 8
be T(Past) 8 A] (PN) to Vt Np 8 P A] N. PP l 8 NP 1 8 VP I 8
NP 2 8 VP 2 8 NP 3 8 PP 2. This is a compound sentence used
for narration.
Ip (S) 8 Vi T(Past) 5 P Vt-ing Np 8 P Np 8 P D D A] I 8 P I.
8 c Np (s) 8 be T(Past) Vi-an 8 P N. NP I 8 VP I 8 PP I 8
PP 2 8 PP 3 8 PP h 8 NP 2 8 VP 2 8 PP 5. This Is a compound
sentence used for narration.
Np (s) 5‘Vt T(Past) 8 Np (no) 8 P o N 8 P o N 8 P o N 8 P o N,
--8 P (del) 0 AJ N-N 8 P A] N. NP I 8 VP l 8 NP 2 8 PP I 8

 

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1

 

 

(IN)

(Ill)

(‘22)

(in)

(cor

uni

NVi

PD

D N,
N8
R-cl
PP l
R-cl

usec

 

(I20)

(I2I)

(l22)

(123)

(ilk)

(I25)

39
(cont.) PP 2 5 PP 3 8 PP N 5 PP 5 5 PP 6. This is a simple
sentence used for narration.
Np (S) 8 have T(Past) Vt-en 5 D I (DO) 8 P D N 8 P N, 8 C P D
I Vi-ing 5 P D N 8 R Vt T(Pres) D N, 5 C P (dei) D N Vi—en 8
P o N, 8 Np (s) 8 be T(Past) Vi-en 8 P D N 8 P o A] N 8 P N N,
--8 P (del) D N 5 I have T(Pres) C D A] N C D A] N 8 P Np 8 P
o N, 8 c R, Vi-lng Av 8 P o N 8 P A] N, 8 Vt T(Pres) AV 0 o A]
I 8 P D N. NP L 5 VP I 8 NP 2 5 PP I 8 PP 2 8 PP 3 8 PP h 8
R-ci I 8 PP 5 8 PP 6 8 NP 3 8 VP 2 8 PP 7 8 PP 8 8 PP 9 8
PP l0 8 R-ci 2 5 PP II 8 PP i2 5 R-cl 3 5 PP l3 8 PP ih 5
N-cl 3 (Cont.) 8 PP iS. This is a compound-complex sentence
used for narration and reflection.
Np (s) 8 VI T(Past) 8 P o N 8 P o N 8 P D N; 8 P N, 8 P 0 NJ
I. 8 Np (S) 8 Vi T(Past) AV 8 C D I (S) 8 Vi T(Past). NP l 8
VP I 8 PP I 8 PP 2 8 PP 3 8 PP h 8 PP 5 8 NP 2 8 VP 2 8 NP 3
8 VP 3. This is a compound sentence used for narration.
S Np Vt T(Past) Np 5 D AJ N (S) 8 VI T(Past) 5 P D I; 8 Np (S)
8 Vt T(Past), Av, 8 S Np have T(Past) Vt-en D N 8 P Np 8 Av.
S-cl I 8 NP I 8 VP I 8 PP I 8 NP 2 8 VP 2 8 S-cl 2 (no) 8 PP 2
8 S-cl 2 (cont.). This is a compound-complex sentence used
for narration and reflection.
c Np (s) 8 Vtg T(Past) 8 Np (I0) 8 o I (no) 8 P o N 8 I Vtg
T(Past) Np 8 S(del) Np be T(Past) not D I. NP i 8 VP l 8 NP 2
8 IP 3 8 PP i 8 R-cl l 8 S-cI I. This is a complex sentence
used for narration.
Np (s) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 Np (no) 8 P 0 AJ N; 8 Av 8 Np (s) 8 be

T(Past Av Vi-en. NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 PP I 8 VP 2 8 NP 3 8

i:
i
'l
i
I

 

 

(125)

UN)

I128)

Um

(cont.)

narratio
iAj N (
QAHPN
IP 2 i N
Compound
NiNI
C Ip (s)
I? 2 8 5
comPounc
PINI
T(Past)

I i b. 1
‘”3I
‘Pntencq
“in:
I, ; Vt
II“.
NP 3 5 l

R-tl 2

('25)

(I26)

(127)

(I28)

(l29)

(ISO)

ho
(cont.) VP 2 (cont.). This is a compound sentence used for
narration.
D A] N (S) 5 be T(Past) 5 A) (PN). 5 C Np (S) 5 Vi T(Past) 5
Q A] (PI) 8 S D N Vi (dei) T(Pres) (del) 8 P N. NP 1 8 VP 1
NP 2 8 NP 3 8 VP 2 8 NP h 8 s-cI I 8 PP I. This Is a
compound-complex sentence used for narration.
Np (S) 8 be T(Past) 5 D A] (PI) 8 S Np have T(Past) Vi-eno 8
c Np (s) 8 have T(Past) 8 o N (no) 8 P N c N. NP I 8 VP I 8
NP 2 8 S-ci l 5 NP 3 5 VP 2 8 NP 8 8 PP I. This Is a
compound-complex sentence used for exposition.
Np (S) 8 VI T(Past) 5 D Q Aj. A] N (PI) 8 R (del) Np have
T(Past) Vt-en Np. 8 C D N (S) 8 R Np have T(Past) Av Vt-en D
N 8 be T(Past) 8 o A} 8 AJ (PN). NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 R-cl I
8 NP 3 8 R-cl 2 5 VP 2 8 NP h. This is a compound-complex
sentence used for reflection.
D AJ I (S) 5 be T(Past) 8 AJ (PN), 5 C D A] A] I (S), C P D A5
I, 8 Vt T(Past) 5 D I (DO) 8 R Vte T(Past) Np D “N." C not Np
8 P o A] N 8 R N 8 P o N 8 Vi T(Pres). NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8
NP 3 8 PP I 8 VP 2 8 NP 4 8 R-cl I 8 PP 2 8 R-ci 2 8 PP 3 8
R-ci 2 (cont.). This is a compound-complex sentence used
for exposition.
o N (s) 8 be T(Past) 8 A] c A] (PN), 8 c o I (s) 8 be T(Past)
(del) 8 Av A] C A] (PI); 8 Np (5) (del) 5 be (del) T(Past)
(del) 8 D D Np (PI) 8 P D D A] I 8 P N 8 R Np Av Vt T(Past)
C to Vi 8 P D VI-lng I 8 P N 8 C P D A1 I. NP 1 8 VP l 8 IP 2
8 NP 3 8 VP 2 8 NP 8 8 NP 5 8 VP 3 8 NP 6 8 PP I 8 PP 2 8

R-ci l 8 PP 3 8 PP N 8 PP 5. This is a compound-complex

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(III) (cont.
(131) NA}

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(135)

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(l3!)

(l3!)

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(135)

('36)

(I37)

(138)

 

NI
(cont.) sentence used for exposition.
D Q,AJ I (8). 8 AV. Vt T(Past) 8 D I (DO) 8 C Vt T(Past) AV
8 0.. (80). NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 VP I (cont.) 8 NP 3. This
Is a simple sentence used for narration.
"c Np (s) 8 be T(Pres) 8 o o I (PI) 8 P 0 NJ I?" 8 Np (s) 8
Vi T(Past). IP l 8 VP l 8 NP 2 8 PP i 8 IP 3 8 VP 2. This
is a compound sentence used for dialogue.
"Np (8) (del) 8 be (dei) T(Pres) (dei) 8 D (del) NJ. D NJ
I (PN)!“ NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2. This is a simple sentence
used for dialogue.
c Vt-ing Np 8 P o I, 8 Np (s) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 to Vt Np (00) 8
P Np 8 P I NJ N 8 P I 8 c to (del) Vtg Np o N 8 P D N. NP I
PP I 8 NP I (cont.) 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 PP 2 8 PP 3 8 PP N 8 IP 2
(cont.) 8 PP 5. This is simple and used for narration.
c s Np Vt T(Past) o N. 8 Np (s) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 s I (no) 8 c
Vtg T(Past) 8 Np (I0) 8 0 NJ N (no). S-cl I 8 NP I 8 VP I 8
IP 2 8 VP I (cont.) 8 NP 3 8 IP N. This is a complex sentence
used for narration.
“Ip (8) 8 be T(Past) not 8 P D N.“ 8 Np (S) 8 Vi T(Past).
IP I 8 VP l 8 PP l 8 IP 2 8 VP 2. This is a compound sentence
used for dialogue. ‘
"Np (s) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 Np (no) 8 P 'NJ N. 8 P (del) D-I 8 P
Ii'" IP l 8 VP l 8 IP 2 8 PP l 8 PP 2 8 PP 3. This Is a
simple sentence used for dialogue.
8 NJ 8 I o N be T(Past) 8 Np (s) 8 be T(Pres) 8 NJ (PI) to Vt.
8 C Ip (S) 8 be T(Past) 8 D Q,AJ Ip (PI); 8 Vi-lng 8 P I. I,
C I. 8 P I C I C I. S-cl l 8 IP I 8 VP l 8 IP 2 8 IP 3 8 VP 2

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(133)

(l39)

(W0)

(INI)

(UPI)

(143)

(”I“)

NZ
(cont.) 8 NP h 5 NP 3 (cont.) 8 PP l 8 PP 2. This is a
compound-complex sentence used for exposition.
Np (S) 8be T(Past)8DD QAJ (PN),8PDD N, 5C Np (S) 5
Vt T(Past)8$ (dei)Np be T(PastIQQNJ8PNJ I8CP
Vt-Ing A] I 8 P D NJ I 5 P N. NP i 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 PP i 5
NP 3 8 VP 2 8 S-cl l (DO) 8 PP 2 8 PP 3 5 PP h 8 PP S. This
Is a compound-complex sentence used for reflection.
P N, 8Nv. 8 Np (s) 8 Vi T(Past) 8 Po N8 P N8 6 VI T(Psst)
Nv8PNQNJ8PNJ N. PPI8VPI8NPI8VPI (cont.)8
PP 2 8 PP 3 8 VP I (cont.) 8 PP N 8 PP 5. This is a simple
sentence used for narration.
CDNJN(s)8NJN(s)8VtT(Past)8oNJN(00)8PNJNJ
I 8 P D NJ I; 8 Expl 8 be T(Pest) 8 D I (S) 8 P D A] I 8 P Q
A] D I 8 P I. IP I 8 VP I 8 IP 2 5 PP l 8 PP 2 8 Ex I 8 VP 2
8 NP 3 8 PP 3 8 PP h 8 PP 5. This is a compound sentence used
for reflection.
"Expi 8 be T(Pres) 8 D N (5)," 5 Np (S) 8 Vt T(Pres) 8 Np"s
Vi-lng (DD), 8 P R Np N T(Pres) Vi 8 P N.--8 Np (5) (del) 8
be (del) T(Pres) (del) 8 0 NJ 8 0 NJ (PN)." Ex I 8VP I 8
NPI8NP28VP28NP38N-ciI8PPI8NPII8VP38
IP 5. This Is a compound-complex sentence used for dialogue.
"Ip (s) 8 Vt T(Pres) 8 Np (no) 8 P o N, 8 c Np (s) 8 N T(Pres)
NV Vt 8 S be T(Pres) to Vt D N." NP I 8 VP l 8 IP 2 8 PP I 8
IP 3 8 VP 2 8 S-cl I (DO). This Is a compound-complex
sentence used for dialogue.
"I: NJ I (s), 8Nv. be T(Pres) 8 0 NJ Np (PI), 8 NJ. 0 NJ."
IP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2. This Is simple and used for dialogue.

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(I85) "Np (s) 8 Vt T(Pres) 8 0 AJ N (no) 8 P N, 8 0 AJ N (no). 0 NJ

(1%)

(“7)

(M8)

(189)

(lSOI

N (00)." NP I 8 VP I 5 NP 2 5 PP i 5 NP 3 5 NP h. This is a
simple sentence used for dialogue.

"Np (S) 5 have T(Pres) 5 D A] I (DO) 8 P Np 5 R Vi T(Pres) 5
S S, Av 5 P D N, 5 D I have T(Past) Vt-en Vt-ing Np,-- 8 P D
AJAJNtN,8PoAJNCAJN8PNv-NJ N,8PoAJAJ-AJN,
8 P (del) AJ NJ N." NP I 8 VP 1 8 NP 2 8 PP I 8 R-cl I 8
S-ci I 8 PP 2 8 s-cI I (cont.) 8 PP 3 8 PP h 8 PP 5 8 PPQ6 8
PP 7. This is a complex sentence used for dialogue.

"Av 8 Expl 8 be T(Pres) 8 D N (S) 8 P A], A] N,--8 P (del) A]
AJ-N 5 P D N,--5 S D A] N C D A] N be T(Pres) D N, C Np 8 P D
N--D Aj 5 P D N--5 Vi T(Pres)." VP I 8 Ex l 5 VP I (cont.) 8
NP I 8 PP I 8 PP 2 8 PP 3 8 s-cl I 8 PP A 8 PP 5 8 s-cI I
(cont.). This is a complex sentence used for dialogue.

"P D N 8 Np (S) 8 be T(Pres) 8 A] N (PN) 8 P I." PP I 8 NP I
8 VP I 5 NP 2 8 PP 2. This is simple and used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 8 'N T(Pres) not Vt 5 I (DO) 8 P Vl-en, 5 Np (S) 8

'I T(Pres) not Vt 8 I (DO) 8 Av!" NP l 5 VP I 8 NP 2 8 PP I
5 NP 3 5 VP 2 8 NP h 8 VP 2 (cont.). This Is a compound
sentence used for dialogue.

D N (S) 8 P D N 5 be T(Pres) not Av 8 A] (PI) 8 P D I, 8 C Av
A] (PI) 8 P D Aj A] N, 8 S Np H T(Pres) Np, 5 R Vt T(Pres) Np
--8 P o N 8 P N c N 5 P Np--8 P 0 AJ N 8 P 0 NJ N. NP I 8

PP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 PP 2 8 NP 2 (cont.) 8 PP 3 8 s-cl I 8
R-cl I 8 PP u 8 PP 5 8 PP 6 8 PP 7 8 PP 8. This sentence is

complex and used for exposition.

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(I55)

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D I (s) c D N (s) 8 Av Vtg T(Pres) 8 Np (I0) 8 o o N (no) 8 P
A] N 8 5 VI (del) T(Pres) (del) D AJ N Vi-en 8 P N C N 8 to Vt
D N 8 P A] N 8 P D D N 8 P N. NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 NP 3 8
PPI8S-ci I8PP28S-cl I (cont.)8PP38PPlI8PP5.
This Is a compiex sentence used for exposition.
Np (5) 8 Vi T(Past) 8 P D N 8 P N D AJ N 8 P A] N 8 VI T(Pres)
Av C AV 8 P D N C N 8 P D A) N. 8 C Vt T(Past) 8 D A] N (DD) 8
8 P D N. NP I 8 VP I 8 PP I 8 R-cl I 8 PP 2 8 N-cI I (cont.)
8 PP 3 8 PP h 8 VP I (cont.) 8 NP 2 8 PP 5. This is a complex
sentence used for narration.
A] S Np be T(Pres). 8 Epr 8 N T(Pres) be Vt-en 8 S Np be
T(PreeIAj8PAJ-N,8cs8PoAJ-AjNeon] N,8pre
T(Pres) Q_D A] N 8 N Vt T(Pres) D AJ N. S-ci I 8 Ex I 8 VP I
8 s-eI 2 (s) 8 PP I 8 S-cI 3 (s) 8 PP 2 8 s-eI 3 (cont.) 8
N-ci I. This Is a compiex sentence used for exposition.
C Av 8 D N (S) 8 VI T(Pres) Av, 8 C Np (S) 8 Vt T(Pres) 8 to
Vt Np (Do) 8 P D A] N 8 P 0 NJ. VP I 8 NP I 8 VP I (cont.) 8
NP 2 8 VP 2 8 NP 3 8 PP I 8 PP 2. This is a compound
sentence used for exposition.
CDAjN(S).8PDAjAJN,8P(deI)AJN8PAj N,8CP
(dei) D NJ A] N 8 P A] N C AJ N, 8 Vt T(Pres). 8 Np. 8 AV 8
AJ D N 5 VI (dei) T(Pres) (dei) D N C N 8 N (dei) Np Av Vi
T(Pres). NP I 8 PP I 8 PP 2 8 PP 3 8 PP h 8 PP 5 8 VP I 8
NP I (cont.) 8 S-cl I (DO) 8 N-cI I. This Is a complex
sentence used for exposition.
Np (s) 8 Vi T(Past) Av 8 P o o N c N; 8 c Np (s) 8 Vt T(Past)
8 8 (del) D N be T(Past) NJ, 8 C Np (S) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 Np (DD)

 

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(157)

(I58)

(I59)

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(ISI)

#5
(cont.) 8 P N 8 to Vt Np NV 8 P D N 8 P D N.--8 P (dei) D Q
NV NJ 8 P N's N. P (del) D N 8 P D N. NP I 8 VP I 8 PP i 8
nststhuI(”)8n38VP38n88Pstnh
(cont.) 8 PP 3 8 PP h 8 PP 5 8 PP 8 8 PP 7 8 PP s. This Is a
ccnponnd-ccnpiex sentence used fer narration.
P s s NJ N 8 P s N. 8 Np (s) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 P Np 8 s (dei) 8
Np be T(Pres) D Np 8 P N N have T(Pres) NV to VI. PP I 8
PP 2 8 NP I 8 VP I 8 PP 3 8 8-cI I (DO) 8 N-cl I. This Is a
ccepiex sentence used for reflection.
Np (s) 8 Vt T(Pres) 8 s N (no). 8 Np (so) 8 P s N 8 P N 8 c P
IN] N8PNCN,8NVI T(Pres)NV8PD,DAJ N. NPI8VPI
8NP28NP38PPl8PP28PP38PPh8N-clI8PP5.
This is a ccnpiex sentence used for reflection.
NJ. NJ. NJ 8 P D N 8 8 Np be T(Pres). 8 Np (8) 8 have T(Pres)
8 Np (so) 8 P N. 8 P N, 8 Np. 8 NV. 8_P N; 8 Np (s) 8 VI
T(Pres) AV 8 P NJ N. 8 8 NJ 8 P N 8 s s Np be T(Past) s NJ N
8 P N. NP I 8 PP I 8 8-ci I 8 NP I (cont.) 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8
PP 2 8 PP 3 8 NP 2 (cont.) 8 VP i (cont.) 8 PP h 8 NP 3 8 VP 2
8 PP 5 8 8-cI 2 8 PP 6 8 8-cl 2 (cont.) 8 PP 7. This Is a
ccnpeund-cenpiex sentence used for reflection.
D N (8) 8 Vt T(Pres) NV 8 I N‘s N (DD) 8 P D N 8 P NJ N 8 N
Np Vt T(Pres) net 8 s Np have T(Pres) Vie-N 8 P NJ N 8 C P
NJ N. NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 PP I 8 PPI2 8 N-ci I 8 8-ci I 8
PP 3 8 PP N. This is a ccepIex sentence used for refiectien.
Np (s) 8 be T(Pres) 8 NJ (PN) 8 P s N 8 P s NJ N 8 P N 8 N AN
VI T(Past) 8 P N. NPII 8 VP I s NP 2 8 PP I 8 PP 2 8 PP 3 8
N-ei i 8 PP N. This Is ceepiex and uses for reflection.

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8F

(I62)

(I63)

(Iéh)

(I65)

(I66)

(I67)

#6
"Np (S) 5 'be T(Pres) 5 R Np Vt T(Pres) D NJ N," 5 VI T(Past)
8 o N (s), 8 s Np have T(Past) Vi—en Av 8 P N. NP I 8 VP I 8
R~cl I (DO) 8 VP 2 8 NP 2 8 S-cl I 8 PP I. This is compoundw
complex and used for dialogue and narration.
"Np (S) 8 have T(Pres) 5 D N (00) to Vt Np. 5 C Np (S) 8 qhave
T(Pres) Vtwen 5 Np (DO) 5 Q,Av C Q_Av 5 S Np N T(Past) Vt Np
Av 8 P D N Aj." NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 NP 3 8 VP 2 8 NP h 8
VP 2 (cont.) 5 chl I 5 PP I. This is n compound-complex
sentence used for dialogue.
”D N (S) 5 be T(Pres) 5 P N; 5 Np (S) 5 QE.T(Pres) 8 N (PN)
Np." NP l 5 VP 1 8 PP I 8 NP 2 8 VP 2 8 NP 3. This is a
compound sentence used for dialogue.
"Np (oo) 8 Np (s) 8 N T(Pren) Vt” 8 Np (00) (del) 8 Np (s) 8
N T(Pres) Vt, 5 Np (DD) (del) 8 Np (S) 5 H T(Pres) Vt, Vt. Vi
5 P Np (del): 8 Np (DO) 8 Np (S) 8 N T(Pres) Av Vt C Vt.”
NP I 8 NP 2 8 VP 1 8 NP 3 8 NP 4 8 VP 2 8 NP 5 8 NP 6 8 VP 3
8 PP l 5 NP 7 5 NP 8 5 VP h. Thin is a compound sentence
used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 8 M T(Pres)“not Vi 8 P D N 8 R (del) Np Vi T(Past) 5
P N, 5 S D A} N be T(Past) 8 P Np; 5 C P Np. 8 Av. 5 Np (S) 5
N T(Past) Vt 8 Np (no) 8 P Vi; 8 o N (s) 8 have T(Past) 8 o
Np (DO) to Vt Np.“ NP I 8 VP I 8 PP I 8 chi I 8 PP 2 8
S-cI I 5 PP 3 8 PP h 5 VP 2 8 NP 2 5 VP 2 (cont.) 5 NP 3 8
PP 5 8 NP N 5 VP 3 5 NP 5. This is a compound-complex
sentence used for dialogue.
"Np (5) (del) 8 Vi T(Pres) 8 P Np 8 NV, 8 DA, 8 C Np (S) “N

T(Pres) Vt 5 S Np‘be T(Pres) not Vi~ing." NP I 8 VP I 8 PP I

 

(III) (com
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(168) "Np (s;
I P I i
i P D I
II I i
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(cont.)

(I87)

(I68)

(I59)

(I70)

(I7I)

(I71)

(‘73)

N7
(cont.) 8 VP I (cont.) 8 Ex I 8 NP 2 8 VP 2 8 8-cl I (DO).
This Is a conpound-conpiex sentence used for dialogue.
“Np (8) (del) 8 Vi T(Pres) 8 P D Vt-Ing D NJ N. 8 not P D N.
8 P D NJ N. 8 P D NJ N-N. 8 not 8 D N VI (del) T(Pres) (dei)
8 P o n N's N. 8 P (del) N to Vt o N c Vt 8 NJ N. 8 c P N NV.
8 S D NJ I 8 P D N 8 VI T(Past) AV. 8 8 D NJ I 8 P N 8 Vi
T(Past). 8 C 8 (del) D N VI T(Past) 8 P N. 8 NJ. NJ. NJ. 8 S
Np Vt T(Pres) Np NV!" NP l 8 VP I 8 PP I 8 PP 2 8 PP 3 8 PP N
8 PP s 8 s-eI I 8 PP 6 8 PP 7 8 PP 8 8 8-ci 2 8 PP 9 8 s-ei 2
(cont.) 8 8-cl 3 8 PP ID 8 S-cl 3 (cont.) 8 8-cl N 8 PP ii 8
S-ci 8 (cont.) 8 s-cl 5. This Is a ccnpiex sentence used for
dialogue.
"Np o N (PN) 8 Np (8) (del) 8 he (dei) T(Past) (del). NV!“
NP l 8 NP 2 8 VP I. This Is sleple and used for dialogue.
“C Ixcl. 8 Np D N (PN) 8 Np (8) (del) 8 he (del) T(Past)
(dei)l" Ex i 8 NP I 8 NP 2 8 VP I. This Is a sinpie sentence
used for dialogue.
"N T(Pres)°not 8 Np (S) 8 Vt." 8 Np (8) 8 Vi T(Past). N8 5
Np have T(Pest) s N. 8 c s 0 NJ NJ N--“ VP I 8 NP I 8 VP I
(cont.) 8 NP 2 8 VP 2 8 S-ci I (DO) 8 S-cl 2 (DD). This is a
conpound-conplex sentence used for dialogue.
"Np (8) (del) 8 be (dei) T(Past) (del) 8 8 NJ D NJ N 8 Np Vi
T(Pres)!“ NP l 8 VP I 8 s-cl I (PN). This is a conplex
sentence used for dialogue.
“Np (8) 8 N T(Pres)'not Vt 8 D N (D0)!” NP i 8 VP I 8 NP 2.

This Is a sinple sentence used for dialogue.

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(I74)

(I75)

(I76)

(I77)

(I78)

(I79)

(i80)

(iBI)

#8
”Np (s) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 D N (00), 8 P N, 8 c 0 NJ N (s), 8 Av,
VI T(Past) VI-ing 8 P D N." NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 PP I 8 NP 3
8 VP 2 8 PP 2. This is e compound sentence used for dialogue.
"C NV, 8 D N's N (S) 8 have T(Past) Vt-en 8 N (00).” VP I 8
NP I 8 VP I (cont.) 8 NP 2. This Is e simple sentence used
for dialogue.
"D NJ A] N (s) 8 N T(Past) Vt 8 Np (no) 8 P NJ N." NP I 8
VP I 8 NP 2 8 PP I. This is simple and used for dialogue.
“Np (S) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 0 NJ N (no) Vt-en NJ: 8 Np (s) 8 VI
T(Past) 8 P o N 8 P N. 8 P N 8 P N; 8 Np (s) 8 Vi T(Past) 8
P Np 8 N P N. 8 c Vt T(Past) 8 P A} 8 NJ N 8 o N (no) 8 R Vt
T(Pres) Np 8 S D N Vt T(Pres) D N." NP I 8 VP i 8 NP 2 8
NP 3 8 VP 2 8 PP i 8 PP 2 8 PP 3 8 PP h 8 NP h 8 VP 3 8 PP S
8 PP 6 8 VP 3 (cont.) 8 PP 7 8 NP 5 8 R-cl I 8 S-cl i. This
Is a compound-complex sentence used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 8 be T(Pres) 8 R Np Vt T(Pres) N; 8 D N (S) 8 'he
T(Pres) NV Viwen. 8 C D N (S) 8 be T(Pres) 8 NJ (PN)." NP l
8 VP I 8 R-cl I (PN) 8 NP 2 8 VP 2 8 NP 3 8 VP 3 8 NP 8.
This Is a compound-complex sentence used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 8 'be T(Pres) 8 D D N (PN), 8 P D N." NP I 8 VP l 8
NP 2 8 PP I. This is a simple sentance used for dialogue.
"DN.8 DN 8 P N 8 8 DA, 8 Np (s) 8 Vt T(Pres) 8 Np (no) to Vt
8 S Np NV be T(Pres) D N." Ex I 8 Ex 2 8 PP I 8 Ex 3 8 NP l
8 VP 1 8 NP 2 8 S—cI i. This is e complex sentence used for
dialogue.
"D N (S), 8 NV." 8 Np (S) 8 Vi T(Past) NV NV. 8 Vi-ing to Vt
Np 8 P D N. "8 be T(Pres) 8 D N (PN) 8 N Vi T(Pres) 8 P N 8

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(186)

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II

(I8l)

(I82)

(I33)

(WI)

(I85)

(I36)

(I87)

('83)

#9
(cont.) P D N 8 P D NJ N, '8 Np (5) (del) 8 VI T(Pres) NV,
8 Np (s) 8 'be T(Pres) 8 0 NJ (PN)!” NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8
VP 2 8 NP 2 (cont.) 8 PP i 8 VP I (cont.) 8 NP 3 8 R-cl I 8
PP 2 8 PP 3 8 PP h 8 NP 8 8 VP 3 8 NP 5 8 VP h 8 NP 6. This
is a compound-complex sentence used for dialogue and narration.
"'D N] (S) 8 be T(Pres) 8 NJ (PN), 8 D N] (S) 8 he T(Pres) 8
NJ (PN), 8 o N (s) 8 be T(Pres) 8 N (PN).” NP I 8 VP I 8
NP 2 8 NP 3 8 VP 2 8 NP h 8 NP 5 8 VP 3 8 NP 6. This is a
compound sentence used for dialogue.
"'Np (S) 8 be T(Pres) 8 D N (PN) 8 R Np N T(Past) have Vt-en
Npi'” NP l 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 N-ci I. This Is a complex
sentence used for dialogue.
"De T(Pres)'not 8 D N (S) 8 P Np?" VP I 8 NP I 8 PP I. This
is a simple sentence used for dialogue.
Np (S) 8 Vi T(Past) 8 P Np 8 Q NV. 8 C Vt-ing D N] N 8 P D N,
8 Np (s) 8 Vi T(Past) Nv. NP I 8 VP I 8 PP I 8 VP i (cont.)
8 NP 2 8 PP 2 8 NP 2 8 VP 2. This is a compound sentence
used for narration.
"Np (5) (del) 8 VI T(Pres) 8 P D N," 8 Np (S) 8 Vi T(Past).
"8 c Vt T(Pres) 8 0 NJ N (00):" NP I 8 VP I 8 PP i 8 NP 2
8 VP 2 8 VP I (cont.) 8 NP 3. This Is a compound sentence
used for dialogue.
”N (5)8 be T(Pres) 8 N2 (PN)!" NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2. This
Is a simple sentence used for dialogue.
"Expi 8 'be T(Pres) 8 D Vt-Ing Np (S); 8 Np (S) 8 N T(Pres)
Vt8DN (00):" ExI8VPI8NPI8NP28VP28NP3.

This Is a compound sentence used for dialogue.

 

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(I90)

(I’l)

(I92)

(i93)

(195).

50
"Np (s) 8 Vt T(Pres) 8 Np (no) 8 P N 8 8 P 0 NJ N. 8 N Np'N
T(Pres) not D VI!” NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 PP I 8 PP 2 8 N-cl I.
This is a complex sentence used for dialogue.
“Np (s) 8 VI T(Pres) 8 P 8 NJ N. 8 'Np (s) (dei) 8 Vt T(Pres)
8 Np (DD) 8 P D N-N. 8 Np (3) (del) 8 Vtg T(Pres) 8 Np (i0) 8
D NJ N (DD), 8 Np (5) (del) 8 Vt T(Pres) 8 Np (DD). 8 Np (8)
(del) 8 Vt T(Pres) 8‘Np (no). 8 c s N (s) 8 N T(Pres) he 8
N (PN) 8 P (dei) D N!‘" NP I 8 VP I 8 PP I 8 NP 2 8 VP 2 8
NP 3 8 PP 2 8 NP 8 8 VP 3 8 NP 5 8 NP 6 8 NP 7 8 VP 8 8 NP 8
8 NP 9 8 VP 5 8 NP i0 8 NP ii 8 VP 6 8 NP I2 8 PP 3. This is
a compound sentence used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 8 Vt T(Pres) 8 S D N N T(Pres) VI (8 S N VI T(Past).
8 Np (s) 8 N T(Pres) Vt 8 P o N 8 P Np 8 NV. 8 P N N); 8 c
N (S) 8 Vi T(Pres) 8 P Np. 8 S N VI (del) T(Pres).(del) 8 P
D N] N." NP I 8 VP I 8 S-cl I (DO) 8 S-cl 2 (D0) 8 NP 2 8
VP 2 8 PP I 8 PP 2 8 VP 2 (cont.) 8 PP 3 8 NP 3 8 VP 3 8 PP h
8 S-ci 3 8 PP 5. This is a compound-complex sentence used
for dialogue.
"Np (s) 8 Av Vt T(Pres) c Vt T(Pres) 8 0 NJ N (no) 8 P N 8
8 Vi (del) T(Pres) (dei) D N 8 R N Vt T(Pres) c Vt T(Pres)
Np.” NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 PP I 8 S-cI I 8 N-ci I. This Is
a complex sentence used for dialogue.
"EXpI 8 be T(Prol) NV 8 D N (8), 8 C D N (S) 8 N T(Pres) NV
he 8 s N (PN)." Ex i 8 VP I 8 NP i 8 NP 2 8 VP 2 8 NP 3.
This is a compound sentence used for dialogue.
"s Np Vi T(Past) s N. 8 s N (s) 8 P N 8 he T(Pres) Vi-en; 8
N (s) 8 he T(Pres) 8 NJ (PN); 8 Np (s) 8 have T(Pres) 8Ito

 

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(195) "c P ii '

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SVIS

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095)

(196)

097)

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SI
(cont.) VI NV to Vt Np (00)." S-ci I 8 NP I 8 PP i 8 VP i 8
NP 2 8 VP 2 8 NP 3 8 NP 8 8 VP 3 8 NP 5. This Is a compound-
compiex sentence used for dialogue.
"c P N 8 Np (S) 8 N T(Pres) NV Vt 8 D N (DD); 8 Vt 8 Np (DO),
8 Vt 8 Np (no), 8 Vt 8 Np (00).“ PP i 8 NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8
VP I (cont.) 8 NP 3 8 VP I (cont.) 8 NP 8 8 VP I (cont.) 8
NP 5. This is a simple sentence used for dialogue.
"o N (s)--o N (5)" (8 NV 8 o N (s) 8 VI T(Past) NV, 8 c
Np (s) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 o N (no) 8 P o N 8 P o N; 8 s Np Vt
T(Past) o Np NV 8 Np (s) 8 be T(Past) 8 NJ (PN) 8 P N)--"8 o
N (s) 8 N T(Pres) be 8 NJ (PN) 8 P Np; 8 8 NV 8 Np (s) 8 N
T(Pres) be 8 Nj (PN), 8 Np (S) 8 N T(Pres) be 8 AL (PN)!" 8
Np (s) 8 Vi T(Past) 8 P N. NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 VP I (cont.)
8 NP 3 8 VP 2 8 NP 8 8 PP I 8 PP 2 8 S-ci I 8 NP 5 8 VP 3 8
NP 6 8 PP 3 8 NP I (cont.) 8 VP N 8 NP 7 8 PP h 8 VP 5 8 NP 8
8 VP 5 (cont.) 8 NP 9 8 NP Io 8 VP 6 8 NP II 8 NP I2 8 VP 7 8
PP 5. This is a compound-complex sentence used for dialogue
and narration.
"Np (s) 8 N T(Pres) VI AV. 8 P o N, 8 P NJ N. 8 c Vt 8 o N's
N (00) 8 Av." NP 1 8 VP I 8 PP i 8 PP 2 8 VP I (cont.) 8
NP 2 8 VP I (cont.). This Is simple and used for dialogue.
"Np (8) (del) 8 Vi T(Pres) 8 P be-ing Vi-en 8 P N 8 P D D N 8
P Np! 8 P Vi-ing NV 8 P D NJ N 8 P D N 8 P D NJ N. 8 P (dei)
Vi-Ing NV 8 NV 8 P D N 8 P D N C N 8 R be T(Pres) N 8 P D N 8
P N, 8 P (del) be-Ing (dei) D N C D N 8 P NJ N; 8 P (del)
Vte-Ing N D N C N D N!" NP I 8 VP I 8 PP l 8 PP 2 8 PP 3 8
PP h 8 PP S 8 PP 6 8 PP 7 8 PP 8 8 PP 9 8 PP i0 8 PP ll 8

 

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(199)

(200)

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(202)

(203 )

52
(cont.) N-cl I 8 PP I2 8 PP l3 8 PP Ill 8 PP I5 8 PP i6. This
is a complex sentence used for dialogue.
"N (S) 8 Vt T(Pres)!" 8 Np (S) 8 Vi T(Past), 8 Vi-ing, "8 S
Np N T(Past) Vt o N 8 P P o N; 8 c N T(Pres)'not 8 Np (s) 8
Vt8PNp8S8Pbe-ingNJ8PDN,8NbeT(Past)Nj8PD
D N] N 8 P R Np have T(Pres) Vt D N?" NP i 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8
VP 2 8 NP 2 (cont.) 8 S-cl I (DO) 8 PP l 8 VP 3 8 NP 3 8 VP 3
(cont.) 8 PP 2 8 S-cl 2 (DO) 8 PP 3 8 PP h 8 S-ci 2 (cont.) 8
PP 5 8 R-cl I. This is e compound-complex sentence used for
dialogue.
”EXPI 8 be T(Pres) 8 N (S), 8 5 (del) Np Vi T(Pres), 8 R Vt
T(Pres) 8 S D NJ N be T(Pres) 0 NJ 8 NJ N 8 P D N, 8 R (del)
be (del) T(Pres) (del) Vi-en 8 P D NJ N, 8 R Np Vt T(Pres) be
D NJ N." Ex l 8 VP i 8 NP I 8 S-cI l 8 R-cl l 8 S-cl 2 8 PP l
8 R-cl 2 8 PP 2 8 R-ci 3. This is a compound-complex sentence
used for dialogue.
"5 (del) be T(Pres) Np 8 S Np N T(Pres), 8 N's A] c N] N (S)
8 Vi T(Past) 8 N P N, 8 c 8pr 8 be T(Past), 8 s Np N T(Pres)
Vi, 8 D N (S) 8 P D NJ N. NJ C A]. 8 R N T(Pres) have Vt-en N
8 P D N's N.“ S-ci l 8 S-ci 2 8 NP i 8 VP 1 8 PP l 8 Ex l 8
VP 2 8 S-cl 3 8 NP 2 8 PP 2 8 R-ci i 8 PP 3. This is a
conpound-coupiex sentence used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 8 'be T(Pres) Vt-en 8 5 (del) Exp] be T(Pres) D N NV."
NP i 8 VP I 8 S-ci 1 (D0). This is a complex sentence used
for dialogue.
I) N (s) 8 VI T(Past) 8 AV NJ (PN); 8 Np (s) 8 VI T(Past), 8 S
preT(Past),8PoAj N8PN. NPi8VPi8NP28NP38

 

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(204)

(205)

(206)

(207)

(203)

(209)

(ZIO)

53
(cont.) VP 2 8 S-cl l 8 PP i 8 PP 2. This is a coepound-
complex sentence used for narration.
NV Vt-lng D N 8 P NJ N: "8 Expl 8 be T(Pres) NV 8 D N (5)!"
8 Np (S) 8 Vi T(Past); "8 D NJ N (S) 8 be T(Pres) 8 Np (PN)
8PoAjN8PN'sN;8CNjN(s)8VIT(Pras)8PNp8PN.
8NVPN." NPI8PPI8Exi8VPI8NP28NPi (cont.)8
8VP28NP38VP38NPh8PP28PP38NP58VPh8PPu
8 PP 5 8 PP 6. This is a compound sentence used for narration
and dialogue.
"s NpVi T(Pres).8co N (s)8Vi T(Pres)8NJ (PN)." s-ci I
8 NP l 8 VP l 8 NP 2. This Is couplex and used for dialogue.
"AvNT(past)8Np(s)8VI8PoAJ N?" VPI8NPI8VPI
(cont.) 8 PP i. This Is a sleple sentence used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 8 N T(Pres)'not be Vl-en 8 P N." NP l 8 VP i 8 PP i.
This is a sieple sentence used for dialogue.
"Np (5)8NI'(Past). NV, 8SDNVI T(Past). N-Nj. 8P0 N8
PDNNp,8CbeT(Past)Vi-en8PNVi-ing8PN." NP i 8
VPiss-cl i8PPi8PP28s-cl i (cont.)8PP38PPli.
This Is a complex sentence used for dialogue.
uc Np (S) 8 N T(Pres) Vi NV NV 8 P D N 8 P D N] c N." NP l 8
VP l 8 PP i 8 PP 2. This is siuple and used for dialogue.
"NT(Prss)8Np(S)8NVVt8S8S,8PN,8DN8PNJ NJN
8 be T(Pres) VI-en 8 P D N, 8 D N N T(Pres) Vi?" VP i 8 NP l
8VPi (cont.)8s-ci I (DD)8S-cl 28PP i 8PP28s-ci 2
(cont.) 8 PP 3 8 S-cl 2 (cont.) 8 PP h 8 S-cl i (cont.).

This Is a complex sentence used for dialogue.

 

 

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"D N (S) 8 N Vt T(Pres) Np 8 have T(Pres) Vt-en 8 Np (00)."
NP l 8 N-cl i 8 VP I 8 NP 2. This is a complex sentence used
for dialogue.
"o N (s) 8 Vi T(Pres) 8 P o N,--8 P (dei) N, N, N. N." NP I 8
VP l 8 PP i 8 PP 2. This Is simple and used for dialogue.
“Np (s) 8 N T(Pres) be 8 5 NJ 8 Np Vl T(Pres). 8 c c 5 NJ. 8
NJ 8 NJ 8 (w) Np (4.1) v: («1) T(Pres) (4.1). 8 c c s N) 8
P NJ N 8 5 (del) Np (dei) Vi (del) T(Pres) (del)." NP i 8
VP-I 8 s-ci i (PN) 8 s-ci 2 (PN) 8 s-ci 3 (PN) 8 PP i 8 S-ci 3
(cont.). This is a complex sentence used for dialogue.
"Np (s) (dei) 8 VI T(Pres) 8 P s N 8 P N 8 P 0 NJ NJ. VI-lng
N. Vt-ing N; 8 P I N 8 P N 8 P 8 NJ 8 NJ N 8 P o N." NP I 8
VP I 8 PP I 8 PP 2 8 PP 3 8 PP h 8 PP 5 8 PP 6 8 PP 7. This
is a simple sentence used for dialogue.
"Np (8) (del) 8 Vi T(Pres) 8 P D NJ N 8 I (del) Np Vi T(Pres)
8 P D NJ NI” NP l 8 VP l 8 PP l 8 N-ci i 8 PP 2. This is a
complex sentence used for dialogue.
”NP (5) (del) 8 VI T(Pres). 8 P Np. 8 P D N's N C D NJ I. 8 P
D NJ N 8 P N C N, 8 P (dei) D N VI-en 8 P N, 8 C P (del) D N
Vi-en 8 P NJ N!" NP i 8 VP 1 8 PP I 8 PP 2 8 PP 3 8 PP h 8
PP 5 8 PP 6 8 PP 7 8 PP 8. This is a simple sentence used
for dialogue.
"NV 8 Np (5) (del) 8 Vi T(Pres) 8 P Np D 8 P NJ N C NJ N, 8
Vt-Ihg N C N C N!“ VP I 8 NP I 8 VP I (cont.) 8 PP I 8 PP 2
8 PP l (cont.). This is a simple sentence used for dialogue.
“N (s) 8 'he T(Pres) 8 o N (PN)!“ 8 Np (s) 8 Vi T(Past). NP I
8 VP l 8 NP 2 8 NP 3 8 VP 2. This Is a compound sentence used

 

 

 

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(cont.) for dialogue.
"S n: 'he T(Pres) Vi-en. 8 N) (S) 8 'have T(Pres) 8 D N (DD)
8 P D N.” S-cl I 8 NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 PP I. This is a
complex sentence used for dialogue.
”S Np Vt T(Prss) D Np AN, 8 Np (8) 8 'N T(Pres) Vt 8»NJ (DD)
8 s N a VI T(Past)." s-cI i 8 NP i 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 S-ci 2.
This is a coqiex sentence used for dialogue.
”b (3) (del) 8 Vt T(Pres) 8 h (DD) Vt 8 S D N be T(Pres)
Vi-en. 8 c s 8 P 8 NJ N 8 Np N T(Pres) he. 8 Np (s) 8 'N
T(Pres) Vi NV8 P N8 C Vt 8 D I (DO) 8 P--D!8£9_!_i,!"
NP i 8 VP i 8 NP 2 8 s-ci i 8 s-ci 2 8 PP i 8 s-ci 2 (cont.)
8 NP 3 8 VP 2 8 PP 2 8 VP 2 (cont.) 8 NP 5 8 PP 3 8 PP N.
This is a copound-conlex sentence used for dialogue.
Np (s) 8 Vi T(Past) NV 8 Vt T(Past) 8 8 NJ N (00). NJ 8 P N.
8 NJ 8 P N. NP i 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 PP i 8 NP 2 (cont.) 8 PP 2.
This is a siwie sentence used for narration.
“Np (S) 8 N T(Pres)'not NV Vt 8 D N (DD). 8 P Q,NJ N.“ NP I
8 VP i 8 NP 2 8 PP i. This Is siqle and used for dialogue.
”Np (s) 8 Vt T(Pres) 8 8 NJ N (so) 8 P NJ I.” NP i 8 VP i 8
NP 2 8 PP i. This is a sinie sentence used for dialogue.
”I NJ N (8) 8 V8 T(Pres) 8 N. N. N (DD) C." NP I 8 VP i 8
NP 2. This is a sipie sentence used for dialogim.
"c NV. N T(Pres) 8 Np (s) 8 Vi. 8 N (s) 8 be T(Pres) 8 Q,NJ
(PN), 8 Q NJ (PN). 8 D, N] (PN) te Vt D N's Vi-ing to Vt D N 8
P D N 8 P N. 8 S h'have T(Pres) he-en Vi-en NV.--Vi-en NV. 8
DNI" VP I 8 NP I 8 VP i (cont.) 8 NP 2 8 VP 2 8 NP 3 8 NP 8
8NP$8PP l 8PP28S-ci i. This lsacomound-conlex

 

 

 

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56
(cont.) sentence used for dialogue.
CDN(S)8VIT(Past)8PN. NPI8VPII8PPI. This isa
simple sentence used for narration.
”Np (S) 8 N T(Pres)'not Vt 8 N have T(Pres) Vt-en Np to he Q
NJ C NJ 8 P Np." NP I 8 VP l 8 N-ci I (DD) 8 PP i. This Is
a complex sentence used for dialogue.
”Np (S) 8 VI T(Pres) 8 S S Np N T(Past)'not Vi 8 P Np.” NP I
8 VP l 8 S-cl i 8 PP i. This is a complex sentence used for
dialogue.
"DN.”--8 C Np (8) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 D N (DD) 8 P D N,--V8 Np (S)
8'heT(Pres)8NJ(PN)8PN." ExI8NPI8VPI8NP28
PP i 8 NP 3 8 VP 2 8 NP h 8 PP 2. This is a compound sentence
used for dialogue and narration.
"I D N N T(Pres) he. 8 Np (s) 8 he T(Pres) 8 NJ (PN)." N-ci l
8 NP i 8 VP l 8 NP 2. This is complex and used for dialogue.
~8xpi8'bo1'(Pm)8Np(8)8N|(PN)8PsNJN88PsN
Vi-en 8 P Np!" Ix l 8 VP l 8 NP l 8 NP 2 8 PP l 8 PP 2 8
PP 3. This is a complex sentence used for dialogue.
upisuTlPastl8Np(s)8QNvNJ(PN)8PoN8N8ssN
ViT(Past)NJ. Ixi8VPi8NPi8NP28PPiss-cl I.
This is a complex sentence used for exposition.
Np(slshave'r(Past)8oN(so)tthNp.Nv;8cPNp8
n(slthT(Past)8lIN(so)8NV. NPisVPI8NP28
VPI(cont.)8PPI8NP38VP28NP‘i8VP2(cont.).
This is a compound sentence used for narration.
Nv.8PsN.8NI(3)8VIT(Past)8PN8tthoN. VPI8
PP l 8 NP l 8 VP i (cont.) 8 PP 2 8 VP i (cont.). This is a

 

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(235) (cont.) simple sentence used for narration.

(136)

(237 I

(238)

(239)

(1“)

Np (s) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 o N (no) 8 o NV. 8 Np (s) 8 have T(Past)
VI-enCVi-enQNV8PDNCNCN,8Np (S)8heT(Past)8Q

.NvNJ (PN)8PDNJCNJN.8QNJ (PN)8P8NJN.88pra

T(Past)DNJNJ N8PN,8ch(s)8bo1'(Put)8NJ (PN)Q
tthDN8PN.8Cto(del)VtNC.ND8PDNJN. NPi8
VP I 8 NP 2 8 VP l (cont.) 8 NP 3 8 VP 2 8 PP I 8 NP 3 8 VP 3
8 NP 5 8 PP 2 8 NP 6 8 PP 3 8 S-ci I 8 PP h 8 NP 7 8 VP 5 8
NP 8 8 PP 6. This is a compound-complex sentence used for
axposition.
Np(3)8VIT(Past)8PN8PoN.88Vt(Pastlsszba
T(PDSC)DQNJ N; 8Np (3)8have T(Past)Vt-en.8D N (no)
8PNp8PoN. NPI8VPI8PPI8PP28VPI (cont.)8
S-ci I (DD) 8 NP 2 8 VP 2 8 NP 3 8 PP 3 8 PP N. This Is 8
compound-complex sentence used for narration.

"Np (S) 8 'DD T(Pres) 8 D N (PN) to VI 8 P D N 8 P NJ.“ 8

Np (8)8Vi T(Past).“8 c, PnN,8Np (8)8 'he T(Pres)8D
uni").- flI8VPI8NP28PPI8PP28NP38VP2
8 PP 3 8 NP 5 8 VP 3 8 NP 5. This Is a compound sentence
used for dialogue.

”DD T(PrDD) 8 N (8) 8 P D NJ I 8 P N N, 8 P N?" VP I 8 NP I
8 PP i 8 PP 2 8 PP 3. This is simple and used for dialogue.
“h(S)8'DDT(PI‘88)8DNJNIN(PN)8P~D;8~(S)8
VI T(Pros) 8 P Np 8 S D N 8 P D N 8 VI T(Pros) 8 P D NJ NJ I
8 P D 'N.'“ NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 PP I 8 NP 3 8 VP 2 8 PP 2
8 D-ci l 8 PP 3 8 S-ci i (cont.) 8 PP h 8 PP S. .Thls is a
compound-complex sentence used for dialogue.

 

 

 

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”Np (s) 8 'be T(Pres) 8 o N (PN) 8 P NJ N 8 N (dei)_Np Vi
T(Pres).“ NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 PP I 8 N-ci I. This is a
complex sentence used for dialogue.
8 NJ N (s) 8 VI T(Past) to Vt o N 8 P‘N 8 P 9 NJ NJ N; 8 Np
(s) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 8 NJ N (no), 8 Av, c Vi T(Past) 8 P Np 8
PDN. NPI8VPI8PPI8PP28NP28VP28NP38VP2
(cont.) 8 PP 3 8 PP h. This is a compound sentence used for
reflection.
Np (S) 8 he T(Past) NV VI-en 8 P D have-ing Vt-en D NJ N 8 P
s N, 8 c P 8 NJ I 8 P NJ N. 8 s Np N T(Pres) have he-en, 8 P
o N. NP i 8 VP i 8 PP l 8 PP 2 8 PP 3 8 PP h 8 S-cl I 8 PP 5.
This is a complex sentence used for exposition.
Np (s) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 Np (oo) 8 P s N 8 P o NJ N 8 P n N be
T(Pres) Q NJ. Vi-ing NV 8 NV 8 P NJ N 8 to Vt 8 s 0 NJ I 8 P N
8 haVe T(Past) not 8 NJ N c N o,NJ c o NJ-NJ N 8 P 0 NJ N.
NP i 8 VP i 8 NP 2 8 PP I 8 PP 2 8 N-cI l 8 NP i (cont.) 8
PP 3 8 NP I (cont.) 8 S-ci l 8 PP h 8 S-ci i (cont.) 8 PP 5.
This is a complex sentence used for narration.
Np (s) 8 VI T(Past) NV 8 P 8 NJ I 8 P N N 8 c Vt T(Past) 8 N's
NJ-NJ N (DD) Vi-lng NV 8 P D NJ I 8 P N 8 C Vi-ing 8 P D NJ I
8 P D N 8 P N. NP I 8 VP I 8 PP I 8 PP 2 8 VP l (cont.) 8
NP 2 8 PP 3 8 PP h 8 NP 2 (cont.) 8 PP 5 8 PP 6 8 PP 7. This
is a simple sentence used for narration.
Np (S) 8 VI T(Past) NV C NV 8 P D NJ NJ N 8 S N N Vi T(Past)
8 S S D N NV have T(Past) Vt-en D N, 8 C Vt T(Past) 8 D N (DD)
8 P NJ I C NJ N-N 8 N Vt T(Pres) D N 8 P D N 8 VI 8 P D NJ N

8 P 8 NJ N. NP I 8 VP I 8 PP I 8 s-ci i 8 s-ci 2 8 VP I(cont.)

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(cont.) 8 NP 2 8 PP 2 8 N-cl l 8 PP 3 8 N-cl i (cont.) 8 PP h
8 PP 5. This is complex and used for narration.
Np (S) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 D Np (00) c D Np (D0),--8 Vi T(Past) 8 P
NJ N. NJ N. 8 NJ N-N. 8 P N 8 P NJ N 8 P N 8 c NJ N 8 P N.
NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 3 8 VP I (cont.) 8 PP I 8 PP 2 8 PP 3 8 PP h
8 PP 3 (cont.) 8 PP 5. This is simple and used for narration.
b(5)8hT(Past)NVCNVVI-en8PDN'SNJN8PN. NPI
8 VP l 8 PP l 8 PP 2. This is simple and used for exposition.
fl(5)8boT(Past)8DN(PN)8PDNVNJNCN. NPI8VPI
8 NP 2 8 PP I. This is a simple sentence used for exposition.
Np (s) 8 N T(Past) he Vi-en c Vi-en 8 I N T(Past) not Vi NV c
NV 8 P D N] N 8 P D N, D N, c D N. NP l 8 VP l 8 N-ci l 8
PP l 8 PP 2. This is a complex sentence used for narration.
S D N be T(Past) not D N. 8 Np (S) 8 be T(Past) NV 8 D N (PN);
8 c Np (s) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 NV NJ 0 N (no) 8 P Vt-ing 0 NJ N c N
8 P.D N 8 s s Np haVe T(Past) be-en s N 8 P o N. S-cI I 8
NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 NP 3 8 VP 2 8 NP h 8 PP I 8 PP 2 8 s-cI 2
8 PP 3. This Is compound-complex and used for reflection.
Np (S) 8 VI T(Past). NV. to Vt Q,Nj 8 P D Np. 8 c Vi T(Past) c
VlT(Past)NV8PDDNjN8PN. NPI8VPI8PPI8VPI
(cont.) 8 PP 2 8 PP 3. This is simple and used for exposition.
a N‘D NJ 8 P D N 8 Np (s) 8 be T(Pres) 8 NJ (PN) to Vt, 8 c
h (S) 8 NV Vte.T(Past) 8 h (D0) D N (DC) 8 P D N] N 8 S Np
have T(Past)'not 9 NJ N c Np. NP I 8 PP I 8 NP 2 8 VP I 8
NP 2 (cont.) 8 NP 3 8 VP 2 8 NP h 8 PP 2 8 S-cl I. This is a

compound-complex sentence used for reflection.

 

 

 

 

 

WIN“)
T(Past
I (s) I
(cont.)
II 5.
WIN!

 

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(25k)

(255)

(256)

(257)

(258)

(259)

 

60
Np(s)8VtT(Past)8Np(oo)8NV8PN8tth_8$pro
T(Past) 8 P 8 NJ NJ N; 8 c. P Np 8 £pr 8 NT(Past) he 8 DA]
N($)8PDNJN8PDNJNJ N. NPI8VPI8NP28VPI
(cont.) 8 S-cl l 8 PP 2 8 PP 3 8 Ex I 8 VP 2 8 NP 3 8 PP h 8
PP 5. This Is compound-complex and used for reflection.

D D N (S) 8 P D N 8 be T(Past) 8 D N (PN) 8 P N; 8 Np (S) 8
N (del) he (del) T(Pres) (del) NJ 8 P NJ N 8 Vt T(Pres) NV 8
tthN(so)8PN. NPI8PPI8VPI8NP28PP28NP3
8 N-cl l 8 PP 3 8 VP 2 8 NP h 8 PP h. This is a compound-
complex sentence used for reflection.
Ip(5)8haveT(Past),Nv.8ooNJN(oo)8PNJN8coNJ
N (DD) 8 P NJ N. NP l 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 PP l 8 NP 3 8 PP 2.
This is a simple sentence used for exposition.
Pulslp(s)8baT(Put)8stNJCNJ(PN),8coNJN
(s)8PN8IuT(Past)8"NJ." “NJ.”C"NJ"(PN). PPI8
NP I 8 VP l 8 NP 2 8 NP 3 8 PP 2 8 VP 2 8 NP h. This Is a
compound sentence used for exposition.
sNJN(s)8PN8VIT(Past)8PNp8oN(PN)8PsN8to
VI; 8 c c. NJ 8 Np he T(Past) NV. 8 Np (s) 8 be T(Past). NV,
NV 8DN(PN). NPI8PPI8VPI8PP28NP28PP38
NP 1 (cont.) 8 D-cl l 8 NP 3 8 VP i 8 NP N. This is compound-
complen and used for exposition.
sN(s).8NV.baT(Past)8os-N(PN),8coN(s)8PsN
cN8Vto'r(Put)8Np(oo)NvNJ(ocI8PoN. NPl8VPl
8NP28NP38PP18VP28NPII8PP2. ultimo-pom

and used for eaxposltlon.

 

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l-cl l
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I»;
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NtSI
I II II
u.cu
Hp (SII
"NJ u."
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(260) Np (s) 8 be T(Past) 8 NJ c NJ (PN), 8 c NV Vi T(Past) 8 P o

(26I)

(262)

(253 I

(26“)

(165)

NJ N. NPI8VPI8NP28VPI (cont.)8PPl. This isa
simple sentence used for exposition.

Np (S) 8 be T(Past) 8 AV NJ (PN); 8 C Np (S) 8 N T(Pres) have
Vt-en 8DNJ N00), 85 Np NT(Past) Vt-ot Vt DA] 8 P a N8
R D N 8 P NJ N 8 have T(Past) NV Vtg-en Np D N. NP I 8 VP I
8NP28NP38VP28NP‘I8S-clI8PPI8N-cII8PP28
N-cl I (cont.). This is compound-complex and used for
reflection.

D N (S), 8 S (del) Np VI T(Past), 8 be T(Past) 8 D N (PN) 8

P C Vt-Ing Np 8 P D N 8 C Vt-Ing D N. NP I 8 S-cI I 8 VP I

8 NP 2 8 PP l 8 PP 2 8 PP I (cont.). This is a complex
sentence used for reflection.

Np (S) 8 Vi T(Past) 8 C P D NJ N 8 C P D N, 8 S Np Vt T(Past)
NpssNVsbNT(Past)8PVI-Ing tobeVI-en8PN. NPI
8 VP I 8 PP I 8 PP 2 8 S-cl I 8 S-ci 2 8 PP 3 8 PP h. This
Is a complex sentence used for narration.
Np(s)8VIT(Past)8NvNJ (PN),8Rbe T(Past)DNJN8PD
”NJ N.” NPI8VPI8NP28R-cII8PPI. Thlsisa
complex sentence used for exposition.
Np(5)8Vt1’(Past)8oN(oo)8PVt-IagoNJ N,8C,PDN
8 N (del) Np Vl T(Past). 8 Np (S) 8 Vt T(Past) 8.to Vt D NJ N
(DD) 8 P D NJ N. 8 to VI (DD). 8 S Np he T(Past). 8 P P D N c
N. NP I 8 VP l 8 NP 2 8 PP I 8 PP 2 8 N-ci I 8 NP 3 8 VP 2 8
NP h 8 PP 3 8 NP 5 8 S-cl l 8 PP h. This is a compound-

complex sentence used for narration.

 

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(169) "III I
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Sentenc

(270) "up (8).
“IHI

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iv 8 P
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T(Pres)
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(266)

(267)

(268)

(269 I

(270)

(27I)

(272)

(273)

(27k)

(275)

62
"Np (s) 8 'be T(Pres) VI-Ing NV, 8 P o N's N." 8 Np (s) 8 N
T(Past)Vi8PDNJ N. NPI8VPI8PPI8NP28VP28
PP 2. This is a compound sentence used for dialogue.
"Np (s) 8 'he T(Pres) Vi-ing AV." NP I 8 VP I. This is a
simple sentence used for dialogue.
“5 (del) Np Vi T(Pres) 8 Np (S) 8 have T(Pres) 8 D NJ N (D0)
8 R Np Vt T(Pres) D N." S-cl I 8 NP I 8 VP l 8 NP 2 8 N-cI I.
This is a complex sentence used for dialogue.
“D N (S) 8 N (del) Np Vi T(Pres) 8 P Np 8 be T(Pres) 8 Nj N
(PN).“ NP I 8 R-cl I 8 PP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2. This is a complex
sentence used for dialogue.
“Np (S) 8 'be T(Pres) 8'51 (PN)!“ NP I 8 VP l 8 NP 2. This
Is a simple sentence used for dialogue.
”NV 5 D Q,NJ N be T(Pres) NV 8 P N, 8 D N] N (S) 8 be T(Pres)
NV 8 P N.” S-cl l 8 PP I 8 NP l 8 VP I 8 PP 2. This is a
complex sentence used for dialogue.
uNp (s) 8 Vt T(Pres) 8 o N (no) 8 s Np Vt T(Pres) Np, 8 c Vt
T(Pres) 8 D N] I (DO) 8 P D N 8 N Vi T(Pres) NV 8 P D N."
NPI8VPI8NPZ8S-cl i 8VPI (cont.)8NP38PP I 8
N-cl I 8 PP 2. This is complex and used for dialogue.
usup (s)8NthT(Past)8oN (DD)8PN." NP I 8VP I 8
NP 2 8 PP I. This is a simple sentence used for dialogue.
"Np (s) 8Vt T(Pres) 8 P o N 8 o N (no) 8 P N,.8 P N c N."
NP I 8 VP I 8 PP l 8 NP 2 8 PP 2 8 PP 3. This is a simple
sentence used for dialogue.
"S Np Vi T(Pres) NV. 8 Np (S) 8 Vt T(Pres) NV 8 D N (DD) 8 P
D N 8 P D N.” S-cl I 8 NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 PP I 8 PP 2.

(MIRML
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(278) Ii (S)

T(Past)

 

 

 

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(275)
(276)

(277)

(278)

(279)

(280)

(281)

(282)

(283 )

63
(cont.) This is a complex sentence used for dialogue.
"Excl, 8 Np (S) 8 'be T(Pres) not 8 NJ (PN)!" Ex I 8 NP l 8
VP I 8 NP 2. This is a simple sentence used for dialogue.
fig”! (5) 8 be (del) T(Pres) (del) 8 g _," NP 1 8 VP I 8 PP I.
This is a sinple sentence used for dialogue.
Np(s)8beT(Past)Vi-en8PN8PonN8NNJ-N have
T(Past)NVVt-enDNJN8PN8PDNJ N. NPI8VPI8PPI
8 PP 2 8 N-cI I 8 PP 3 8 PP h. This is a complex sentence
used for narration.
Np(s)8VIT(Past)8PooN,8I:Np(5)8beT(Past)not8
NJ (PN); 8 C Np (S) 8 Vtg T(Past) 8 D N (DD) 8 Q,NJ N (D0), 8
NJ N (DD) 8 P N, 8 C N (DD) AV NV to VI. NP I 8 VP I 8 PP I
8 NP 2 8 VP 2 8 NP 3 8 NP h 8 VP 3 8 NP 5 8 NP 6 8 NP 7 8 PP 2
8 NP 8. This is a compound sentence used for exposition.
D N (S) 8 have T(Past) NV 8 D NJ N (DD), 8 C N N (S) 8 be
T(Past)8NV”Nj"(PN). NPI8VPI8NP28NP38VP28
NP h. This is a compound sentence used for expositicn.
0N(5)8beT(Past)8oN(PN)8PNN8P__NJ_N_. NPI8VPI
8 NP 2 8 PP I 8 PP 2. This Is simple and used for exposition.
Np(s)8Vt T(Past)8"NJ N“(DD)8PDN,--8DN(DD)8PN
8 P D NJ-N. 8 D N (DD) 8 P D N, 8 D N D N (DD) 8 P D NJ N-N.
NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 PP I 8 NP 3 8 PP 2 8 PP 3 8 NP h 8 PP h
8 NP 5 8 PP S. This is simple and used for exposition.
Vl-en8PDN,8CPNj N,N,NJ N,cNJ Nj-NJNVt-ingNjN
8 P NJ N. 8 D N (S) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 D N (DD) 8 P D N 8 P NJ-N
8 P D N. NP I 8 PP I 8 PP 2 8 PP 3 8 NP I (cont.) 8 VP I 8

NP 2 8 PP # 8 PP 5 8 PP 6. This is a simple sentence used

‘ s— ‘ y”. __J——

(1%)) (cont!!!
(III) lb (5)

i285) It-ing

 

(256) "II (de

(288) th‘

ms) ”A I

C190)

(283)
(281i)

(285)

(236)

(287 I

(288)

(109)

(290)

6N
(cont.) for exposition.
Np (8)8NVvtT(Past)8PoN8oNJ NJ N (DD)8PDN8PN.
NP I 8 VP I 8 PP I 8 NP 2 8 PP 2 8 PP 3. This Is a simple
sentence used for exposition.
Vt-Ing s N NV 0 N Np (s) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 Np (no) 8 s Np Vt
T(Past) D NJ N, N N. NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 S-cI I (DO). This
Is a complex sentence used for narration.
"N (del) T(Pres) (del) 8 Np (3) (doi) 8 Vt 8 Np (00):" 8 Np
(S) 8 Vi T(Past); ”8 N (del) T(Pres) (del) 8 Np (5) (del) 8
Vt8NJ N (80):" VPI8NP I 8VPI (cont.)8NP28NP38
VP 2 8 VP 3 8 NP h 8 VP 3 (cont.) 8 NP 5. This Is a compound
sentence used for dialogue.
”D N (s) 8 Vt T(Pres) 8 Np (no). 8 s NJ-NJ N (so). 8 0 NJ NJ
N (DD).8DNJ N (DD)8PDN,8CDNJ N (DD)8NNJ Nhave
T(Pres) NV VI-en. 8 C N NJ I haVe T(Pres) NV VI-en NV VI-Ing.“
NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 NP 3 8 NP N 8 NP 5 8 PP I 8 NP 6 8 N-cI I
8 N-ci 2. This is a complex sentence used for dialogue.
Pixel,“ 8 Np (S) 8 Vi T(Past). V8 Np (S) 8 N T(Pres)'not Vi
8 P D N?” Ex I 8 NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 VP 2 8 PP I. This Is
a compound sentence used for dialogue.
“DN.” 8 VI T(Past) 8 8 NJ N (s). ”8 have T(Pres) 8 Np (s) 8
Vt-en 8 D N (DD) 8 P Np?" Ex I 8 VP I 8 NP I 8 VP 2 8 NP 2
8 VP 2 (cont.) 8 NP 3 8 PP i. This Is I con-pound sentence
used for dialogue.
”lch. 8 b (s) s 8 VI T(Past) 8 P Np 8 NV; 8 In (8) 8 VI
T(Past) NV 8 P N 8 c Vt T(Past) 8 s N (no) 8 P N.“ Ex I 8
NP I 8 VP I 8 PP I 8 VP I (cont.) 8 NP 2 8 VP 2 8 PP 2 8

 

I290)

(29!)

RIM

(293)

(291i)

(295)

I297}

(cont.

sente .

'D I (|

 

(290)

(291)

(292)

(293 )

(29%

(295)

(296 I

(297 I

65
(cont.) VP 2 (cont.) 8 NP 3 8 PP 3. This is a compound
sentence used for dialogue.
"o N (s), 8 P o QNJ, 8 have T(Past) be-en Vi-en 8 P N, 8 c
NJ NJ N (s) 8 he T(Past) to Vt o N 8 P Np." NP i 8 PP i 8
VP I 8 PP 2 8 NP 2 8 VP 2 8 PP 3. This is a compound sentence
used for dialogue.
"Nave T(Past)'not 8 Np (5)8 D o N (no) 8 P N 8 III-ing NV 8 P
D N?" VP I 8 NP I 8 NP 2 8 PP I 8 NP 2 (cont.) 8 PP 2. This
is a simple sentence used for dialogue.
"Np (S) (del) 8 have (del) T(Past) (del) 8 D N (DD), 8 Excl,
8 C D D N (00)!“ NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 Ex I 8 NP 3. This Is
a simple sentence used for dialogue.
"Np (s) 8 Vt (Past) 8 Np (no) 8 Av, Nv; 8 Np (s) 8 Vi T(Past)
8PDN8CVtT(Past)8DN (DD)8PDN-N." NPI8VP I 8
NP 2 8 VP I (cont.) 8 NP 3 8 VP 2 8 PP I 8 VP 2 (cont.) 8
NP h 8 PP 2. This Is a compound sentence used for dialogue.
”D N (S) 8 be T(Past) 8 D 8 Vi-ing to VI 8 P N 8 P D N 8 C to
(del) be Vt-en NJ. 8 P N's N.” NP I 8 VP I 8 NP I (cont.) 8
VP I (cont.) 8 PP I 8 PPHZ 8 VP I (cont.) 8 PP 3. This is a
simple sentence usedffor dialogue.
“Np (s) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 s o N be T(Past) a o N 8 P N's,--8 NJ
8 NJ 8 NJ." NP I 8 VP I 8 S-cl I (DO) 8 PP l 8 S-cI I(cont.).
This Is a complex sentence used for dialogue.
"NJ (PN) 8 Np (s) 8 Av he T(Past); 8 N (s) 8 be T(Past) 8 o N
c D I (DO) 8 P Np." NP I 8 NP 2 8 VP I 8 NP 3 8 VP 2 8 NP h

8 PP i. This is a compound sentence used for dialogue.

 

 

 

(298) "I II

(299) "Np (s

(300) "b (S

(301) ”I; (s)

 

(III)

66

(298) "a N (s) 8 Vi T(Past) NV. 8 c o N (s) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 N (no);
8DN (S)8NVVtT(Past)8D N (00)." NP I 8VP I 8NP28
VP28NP38NPII8VP38NP5. This Isacompound
sentence used for dialogue.

(299) "Np (s) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 N (DD) 8 P o N c N, 8 VI-ing, VI-Ing,
c VI-Ing; 8 Np (S) 8 VI T(Past) NV 8 NV 8 P D N, 8 c Np (S) 8
NVVtT(Past)8N (DD)8PN." NPI8VPI8NP28PP i 8
NP I (cont.)8NP38VP28PP28NPII8VP38NP58PP3.
This is a compound sentence used for dialogue.

(300) "Np (S) 8 have T(Past) 8 D 8 Vi-en. 8 S Np be T(Past). 8 P D
NJ N; 8 c s Np NV Vi T(Past) NV, 8 N (s) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 to
Vi (DD)8PD N8NV." NP I 8VP I 8NP I (cont.) 8VP l
(cont.)8S-cl I 8PP I 8S-cl 28NP28VP28NP38PP2
8 NP 3 (cont.). This is compound-complex and used for
dialogue.

(30I) "Np (s) 8 be T(Past) 8 Np (PN) 8 P 8 NJ 8 P o N; 8 Np (5)8
8Vt T(Past) 8N (no)8QNV c to VI 8P Np8PD N." NP I
8VP I 8NP28PPI8PP28NP38VP28NPh8VP2(cont.)
8 PP 3 8 PP h. This is compound and used for dialogue.

(302) "s Np N T(Past) have Vt-en 0 NJ N 8 R (dei) Np VI T(Past) 8
PNp,8Np (S)8IIT(Past)Vt8SDDN8PDDN8NN
T(Pres) Vt D N NV 8 N T(Pres) have Vieun NV NV." S-ci l 8
N-cl I 8 PP I 8 NP I 8 VP I 8 S-cI 2 (oo) 8 PP 2 8 N-cI 2 8
S-cl 2 (cont.). This is complex and used for dialogue.

(303) "D N (s) 8 N T(PastI'not Vt 8 o D N (no) 8 P N." NP I 8

VP I 8 NP 2 8 PP I. This is simple and used for dialogue.

 

(30*) "I II

 

I C be
Ii-en
be-en
Ex 1 I
I comp
(305) "It I
I I II
b."
I II 2
“Meg;
(3“) “I o I

IIDI

 

hi I

‘WIex"

(30“)

(305)

(306)

(307)

(EDINB)

(309)

(ailts)

67
"0 NJ N (s), 8 5 (del) Np Vt T(Past), 8 he T(Past) 8 o N (PN);
8 c be T(Pres) 8 Expl 8 D N (S), 8 S Np have T(Pres) he-en
VI-en 8 P (del) D N, 8 to Vt (PN) 8 5 (del) Np have T(Pres)
he-en Vl-en 8 P NJ N?" NP l 8 S-cl I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 VP 2 8
Ex I 8 NP 3 8 S-cl 2 8 PP I 8 NP 8 8 S-cl 3 8 PP 2. This is
a compound-complex sentence used for dialogue.
"Np P Np. 8 5 (del) Np VI T(Pres), 8 Np (S) 8 Vi T(Pres) NV
8 P o N, 8 c N N (s) 8 N T(PastIInot Vt 8 0 NJ N (no) 8 to Vt
Np." PP I 8 S-cI I 8 NP I 8 VP I 8 PP 2 8 NP 2 8 VP 2 8 NP 3
8 VP 2 (cont.). This is a compound-complex sentence used for
dialogue.
"P D D N 8 N Np be T(Past) Vi-en 8 P Vi-ing 8 c N Np N T(Past)
VI 0 N to VI. 8 Np (s) 8 be T(Past) NV 8 P a N." PP I 8
l-cl I 8 PP 2 8 R-cl 2 8 NP l 8 VP I 8 PP 3. This Is a
complex sentence used for dialogue.
"'NJ N (s) 8 Vt T(Pres) 8 N, N, N, N (no).'" NP I 8 VP I 8
NP 2. This is a simple sentence used for dialogue.
”'Ech 8 Np (S) 8 be (dei) T(Pres) (del) 8 P NJ N.'" Ex I 8
NP I 8 VP I 8 PP I. This is simple and used for dialogue.
”Np (s) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 S Np N T(Past)°not Vi 8 P 0 NJ N; 8 s
D D-N N N T(Past) Vi 8 P D N; 8 S Np NV Vi T(Past) 8 P Np to
Vt Np 8 P Vi-Ing, 8 P (del) D NJ N] 5,8 :,!," NP~I 8 VP I 8
s-cI I (no) 8 PP I 8 s-ci 2 (no) 8 PP 2 8 S-cI 3 (no) 8 PP 3
8 PP N 8 PP 5 8 PP 6. This is complex and used for dialogue.
“NV8DNJ N (S)8VtT(Pest)8DN (DD)8PDNNJ CNJ, 8P
(del) D N NJ, 8 C Vt T(Past) 8 D N (DD) 8 P Np 8 P D N!”
VP I 8 NP I 8 VP l (cont.) 8 NP 2 8 PP I 8 PP 2 8 VP I (cont.)

 

(31°)

(3“)

(312)

(313)

III)

(315)

(cont
for d
"Exci,
Ite N
I(Pres
PI I
"N (5
Hp (
IN) A
It I N
iIIPJ
I PP 2
"I: (s:
A] II,I
I VP 1

IPP3‘

(31°)

(3II)

(3'2)

(3'3)

(3m)

(3'5)

68
(cont.) 8 NP 3 8 PP 3 8 PP h. This is a simple sentence used
for dialogue.
“Excl, 8 Np (s) 8 Vt T(Pres) 8 5 (del) Vte T(Pres) Np o N to
Vte Np D N.C N 8 P D N Vi-en to Vt D N 8 P D N,--D N 8 R have
T(Pres) Vt-en a N to Vi." Ex I 8 NP I 8 VP I 8 s-cI I (no) 8
PP I 8 PP 2 8 R-cl I. This is complex and used for dialogue.
“Np (S) (del) 8 Vt T(Pres) 8 Np (DD) 8 S Np Vt T(Pres) Np. 8
C Np (S) 8 'N T(Past) Vtg 8 Np (ID) 8 5 (del) Np'be T(Pres)
D NJ NJ NJ I 8 R have T(Pres) Vt-en D N 8 S Np N T(Past)'not
VtDN8PDN8PN's N." NPI8VPI8NP285-cI I (no)
8 NP 3 8 VP 2 8 NP N 8 S-cI 2 (DD) 8 R-cI I 8 S-cI 3 8 PP I
8 PP 2. This is compound-complex and used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 8 Vt T(Pres) 8 S 8 P N 8 Np have T(Pres) Vt-en Np C
NJ N, NJ I 8 P Np, 8 N have T(Pres) Vt-en Np 8 P o N." NP I
8 VP l 8 S-cI I (DO) 8 PP I 8 S-cI I (cont.) 8 PP 2 8 R-cl I
8 PP 3. This is complex and used for dialogue.
“D N (S) 8 'bo T(Pres) NV 8 P N; 8 Np (S) 8 'have T(Pres) not
Vt-en 8 S D N have T(Pres) be-en Vinen." NP I 8 VP I 8 PP I
8 NP 2 8 VP 2 8 S-cl I (DO). This is a compound-complex
sentence used for dialogue.
"In: (5)8VtT(Pres)8Np (DD)8NV8PDN8PDN,8CNp
(S) 8 V8 T(Pres) 8 D NJ NJ N (DD) 8 P Np 8 P D N 8 P N, 8 S
S Np be T(Past) D NJ N 8 P D N!" NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 VP I
(cont.) 8 PP I 8 PP 2 8 NP 3 8 VP 2 8 NP N 8 PP 3 8 PP h 8
PP 5 8 S-cI I 8 PP 6. This is a compound-complex sentence

used for dialogue.

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(320)

(32I)

(322)

69
"Np (s) 8 be T(Pres) 8 0 AJ N (PN) o 8 Nv 8 s Np Vt T(Past) 8
s Np be T(Past) Vt-ing N 8 P o N 8 R be T(Past) to be 0 N 8 P
D D D N 8 P D A] N,--8 P D A] N 8 R Vt T(Past) D N 8 P D A] N
8 c o N 8 P Np." NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 VP I (cont.) 8 s-cI I 8
s-cI 2 8 PP I 8 N-cI I 8 PP 2 8 PP 3 8 PP h 8 N-ci 2 8 PP 5 8
R-cl 2 (cont.) 8 PP 6. This is coeplex and used for dialogue.
"Np (s) 8 'be T(Pres) AV 8 o N] N (PN)." NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2.
This Is a sieple sentence used for dialogue.
"a N (s) 8 N T(Pres) be 8 A] (PN), 8 c s Np Vi T(Pres) 8 P o
A] N 8 Np (S) 8 VI T(Pres) 8 P D N.” NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8
S-cl I 8 PP I 8 NP 3 8 VP 2 8 PP 2. This Is a compound-
coeplex sentence used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 8 have T(Pres) Vt-en 8 D AJ N (DO) 8 P D N 8 P A] N 8
P D NJ N. 8 P Np 8 N (del) Np have T(Pres) AV be-en A] to Vt
8 P D N." NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 PP I 8 PP 2 8 PP 3 8 PP k 8
N-cl l 8 PP 5. This is complex and used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 8 Vt T(Pres) 8 5 (del) Np Vt T(Pres) to Vt D N 8 P
Np. 8 C Np (S) 8 'be T(Pres) not 8 to VI (PN); 8 C N (S) 8 Vt
T(Pres) 8 s Np VI T(Pres).“ NP I 8 VP I 8 S-cI I (no) 8 PP I
8 NP 2 8 VP 2 8 NP 3 8 NP h 8 VP 3 8 s-cI 2 (no). This Is a
compound-couplex sentence used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 8 Vt T(Pres) 8 P D N," 8 D N (S) 8 AV VI T(Past), "8
S Np have T(Pres) be-en VI-en 8 P D N." NP I 8 VP I 8 PP I 8
NP 2 8 VP 2 8 S-cl I (DO) 8 PP 2. This Is a coepound-coeplex
sentence used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 8 VI T(Pres)'not be VI-en, 8 DA; 8 D N (S) 8 P D N 8
be T(Pres) 8 NV 9 AJ (PN) 8 P n 0 NJ N." NP I 8 VP I 8 Ex I

 

(322) (cont
and u:

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In...
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(322)

(323)

(szhi‘

(325)

(326)

(327)

(328)

(329)

(330)

70
(cont.) 8 NP 2 8 PP I 8 VP 2 8 NP 3 8 PP 2. This is compound
and used for dialogue.
"Np (8) (del) 8.Av Vt T(Pres) 8 Np (no) to Vt Np o N 8 P N:
8 Np (5) (del) 8 Vt T(Pres) 8 D N (DO) 8 P P D N!" NP l 8
VP I 8 NP 2 8 PP I 8 NP 3 8 VP 2 8 NP h 8 PP 2. This is a
compound sentence used for dialogue.
“Np (5) (del) 8 N T(Pres)'not Vi 8 P D N 8 S Np'be T(Pres)
VI-en.” NP I 8 VP I 8 PP I 8 S-cl I. This Is a conplex
sentence used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 8 'have T(Pres) not be-en Vi-en 8 P D N 8>P Np. 8 5
(del) Np Vi T(Pres)." NP l 8 VP I 8 PP I 8 PP 2 8 S-cl I.
This is a coepIex sentence used for dialogue.
"Q,AV have T(Pres) 8 D D N (S) 8 P D N." VP l 8 NP l 8 PP I.
This Is a simple sentence used for dialogue.
"Expl 8 be T(Pres) 8 N (S) 8 R Vt T(Pres) 8 S Expl be T(Pres)
D N to he Vi-en." Ex l 8 VP I 8 NP I 8 R-cl I 8 S-cl I.
This is a complex sentence used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 8 Vt T(Pres), 8 D. 8 S 8 S Np be T(Pres) to VI 8 P D N,
8 Np N T(Past) Vt Np Q,AJ D N 8 P D N 8 P N's.--8 D D N 8 P AJ
N C N. 8 D N 8 P A] N!" NP l 8 VP I 8 NP l (cont.) 8 S-cl l 8
S-cl 2 8 PP l 8 S-cl I (DO) (cont.) 8 PP 2 8 PP 3 8 S-cl I
(cont.) 8 PP & 8 S-cl i (cont.) 8 PP 5. This is a complex
sentence used for dialogue.
Np (s) 8 VI T(Past) 8 P o N] N 8 P NJ N. NP I 8 VP I 8 PP I
8 PP 2. This is a sinIe sentence used for narration.
Np (s) 8 have T(Past) 8 0 Av NJ N (no). 8 c be T(Pres) not 8
A] (PN) 8 P n A] N 8 P 0 NJ. NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 VP I(cont.)

 

i330) (cont
for r
III) II (.
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(330) (cont.) 8 NP 3 8 PP l 8 PP 2. This is a simple sentence used
for reflection.

(33l) o N (s) 8 be T(Past) 8 0 AJ N (PN), 8 8 AV 8 0 NJ Np (PN).
NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 VP I (cont.) 8 NP 3. This is a simple
sentence used for exposition.

(332) Np (s) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 to Vt o N VI (00) 8 P N. NP i 8 VP I
8 NP 2 8 PP I. This is simple and used for reflection.

(333) AV 8 IN) (S) 8 be T(Past) 8 A] (PN); 8 8 S Np be T(Past) A],
8 Np (s) 8 be T(Past) 8 Nv NJ (PN): VP I 8 NP l 8 VP I(cont.)
8 NP 2 8 S-cl l 8 NP 3 8 VP 2 8 NP h. This is a compound-
complex sentence used for reflection.

(33k) a N (s) 8 P o N's N 8 Vte T(Past) 8 Np (no) NJ (on) to Vt Np
AV 8 to (dei) Vt Np 8 P D N 8 P AJ N. NP I 8 PP I 8 VP I 8
NP 2 8 PP 2 8 PP 3. This is simple and used for narration.

(335) P o o N. 8 Np (s) 8 N» Vt T(Past) 8 Np (no) 8 s Np Vt T(Past)
N N. PP I 8 NP I 8 VP i 8 NP 2 8 S-ci I (DO). This Is a
complex sentence used for narration.

(336) Np (s) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 o N (no) 8 P o N 8 c Vtg T(Past) 8 Np
(IO) 8 D AJ N (DD). NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 PP I 8 VP I (cont.)
8 NP 3 8 NP h. This is simple and used for narration.

(337i "Nave T(Pres) 8 Np (s) 8 Vt-en 8 9, N (on) 8 P N?" 8 Np (s) 8
VI T(Past). VP I 8 NP I 8 VP I (cont.) 8 NP 2 8 PP I 8 NP 3
8 VP 2. This Is compound and used for dialogue.

(338) "Np (s) 8 'be T(Pres) 8 8 NJ N (PN)." NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2.
This is a simple sentence used for dialogue.

(339) "up is) 8 'DD T(Pres) 8 NJ 8 NJ (PN). 8 c Np (s) 8 Vt T(Pres)
8 to be NJ 8 NJ (PN)." NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 NP 3 8 VP 2 8

i339) (coni
(3%) "I”
i ll

NH

8 PP
PP a
(coat
diaiq

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(339) (cont.) NP 8. This is compound and used for dialogue.

(350) “Np (s) 8 Vi T(Pres) 8 P N's o N c N N's N 8 P 'N,'--8 Np (s)

(351)

(3&2)

(3h3)

(Shh)

8 H T(Past) VI 8 S N VI T(Past) 8 P D N 8 C be T(Past) Vt-en
Av to Vt D N 8 P N,--8 C Np (S) 8 Vt T(Pres) 8 5 AJ 8 P N, 8
C P D N 8 P N, 8 S Np VI T(Pres) 8 P N." NP I 8 VP I 8 PP I

8 PP 2 8 NP 2 8 VP 2 8 S-cl I (DO) 8 PP 3 8 S-cl l (cont.) 8
PP h 8 NP 3 8 VP 3 8 S-cI 2 (DO) 8 PP 5 8 PP 6 8 PP 7 8 S-cI 2
(cont.) 8 PP 8. This is a compound-complex sentence used for
dialogue.

"Np (S) 8 Vt T(Pres) 8 NJ N (00),“ 8 Np (S) 8 Vi T(Past) Q,AV.
8 P D N. NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 NP 3 8 VP 2 8 PP I. This is a
compound sentence used for dialogue and narration.

"Np (s) 8 VI T(Pres) 8 P Np 8 Av P Np to Vt N 8 P 0 NJ NJ NJ I
8 P Np. 8 P D A] N!“ NP I 8 VP I 8 PP I 8 PP 2 8 PP 3 8 PP h
8 PP 5. This is simple and used for dialogue.

”S Np H T(Pres)'not Vt Av D A] N D D N, C Vt Np Vt Np Av 8 P
D N, 8 Np (S) 8 Vt T(Pres) 8 Np (DO) 8 P A] N 8 S (del) Np'be
T(Pres) D N!“ S-cI I 8 PP I 8 NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 PP 2 8
S-cl 2 (DD). This is complex and used for dialogue.

D N (S) 8 P Np 8 to Vt N N's N 8 be T(Past) Vi-en 8 P D N 8 P
D D A] N 8 P D AJ AJ N 8 P N N, 8 P Np 8 P D N-N 8 R AV Vt
T(Pres) o N, 8 P N N Np b8 T(Pres) Vi-en 8 P Np 8 P 8 NJ 8
NJ-NJ N. 8 N VI T(Pres) o 0 NJ N 8 P o N. NP I 8 PP I 8 NP I
(cont.) 8 VP I 8 PP 2 8 PP 3 8 PP h 8 PP 5 8 PP 6 8 PP 7 8
N-cl l 8 N-cl 2 8 PP 8 8 PP 9 8 R-cl 3 8 PP ID. This is a

complex sentence used for narration and exposition.

 

“Wit
(3&7) up {5}

73

(3h5) D N (S) 8 be T(Pres) 8 D N] (PN) 8 P N] N 8 P D NJ N 8 P N 8
P o N, 8 N, Viming 8 P o N, 8 Np N T(Pres) Vi 8 P NJ N 8 P 0
NJ cNJ N8PDNN,Vi-enCVi~en8PN8CN-N8PDN] N
8 P 8 NJ, 8 AV P 0 NJ N c NJ N 8 P N 8 8 AV P 0 NJ N 8 P o
Nj-N] N 8 P N 8 P N N D A] N-N have T(Pres) be-en Vi-en. NP l
8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 PP I 8 PP 2 8 PP 3 8 PP h 8 N-cl I 8 PP 5 8
N-cl I (cont.) 8 PP 6 8 PP 7 8 PP 8 8 PP 9 8 PP 8 (cont.) 8 "
PP i0 8 PP II 8 PP I2 8 PP l3 8 PP IN 8 PP I5 8 PP I6 8 R-cl 2.
This is a complex sentence used for exposition.

(3&6) Np (S) 8 have T(Past) Vt-en, 8 P D N 8 P D NJ N N] 8 P N N's
N. 8 s N N T(Past) VI 8 P Np 8 P (dei) o D N 8 P o N, 8 s 0
Av NJ N be T(Past) to be Vi-en. NP I 8 VP I 8 PP I 8 PP 2 8
PP 3 8 S-cl I (DO) 8 PP h 8 PP 5 8 PP 6 8 S-cl 2. This Is a
complex sentence used for narration.

(387) In (s) 8 VI I(Past). 8 s Np have T(Past) NV Vi-en, 8 c Np (s)
8 have T(Past) Vt-en 8 S Np NV Vt T(Past) D N 8 P N. 8 C NV
Vi T(Past) 8 P o N 8 P Vt-Ing Np. NP 1 8 VP I 8 s-ci I 8
NP 2 8 VP 2 8 S-ci 2 (DO) 8 PP l 8 Sch 2 (cont.) 8 PP 2 8
PP 3. This is compound-complex and used for narration.

(3&8) "Np (S) 8 have T(Pres) Vt-en 8 Np (DO) 8 NV." 8 Np (S) 8 VI
T(Past). 8 VI-ing. "8 P D N] N 8 P D NJ N 8 P N 8 P N's N:
'8 Np (5)8 Vt T(Pres) 8 o N (no) 8 P Np."' NP I 8 VP I 8
NP 2 8 VP l (cont.) 8 NP 3 8 VP 2 8 NP 3 (cont.) 8 PP l 8 PP 2
8 PP 3 8 PP h 8 NP h 8 VP 3 8 NP 5 8 PP S. This is a compound
sentence used for dialogue.

(3&9) "'NP (8) 8 Vt T(Pres) 8 s N (no) 8 P II N."' NP I 8 VP I 8
NP 2 8 PP I. This Is simple and used for dialogue.

 

[350) III? P

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T(Pre

i

I 0 N
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(350) "'PN,8IIp(s)8VIT(Pres)8PoN8cPNN;8oN(s)8

(MI)

(352)

(353)

(354)

(355)

Vt T(Pres) 8 S (del) Np have T(Pres) D N; 8 Np (S) 8 Vt
T(Pres) 8 Np (DO) 8 P D N] N C D N] N, 8 Np (S) 8 Vt T(Pres)
8 o N (no) 8 P o N, 8 NV 8 Np (S) 8 Vt T(Pres) 8 0 NJ N (no):
8 Np (S) 8 be T(Pres) 8 O D N (PN) 8 R (del) Np Vi T(Pres) 8
P N.'” PP I 8 NP I 8 VP l 8 PP 2 8 PP 3 8 NP 2 8 VP 2 8

S-cl I (no) 8 NP 3 8 VP 3 8 NP 8 8 PP u 8 NP 5 8 VP h 8 NP 6
8 PP 5 8 VP 5 8 NP 7 8 VP 5 (cont.) 8 NP 8 8 NP 9 8 VP 6 8
NP IO 8 N-cI I 8 PP 6. This is a compound-complex sentence
used for dialogue.

"'P D N, 8 Np (S) 8 Vt T(Pres) 8 D N (DD); 8 S D N be T(Pres)
N],8Np (S)8Vt T(Pres)8Np (DO)8PDN.'" PPI8NPI8
VP l 8 NP 2 8 S-cl I 8 NP 3 8 VP 2 8 NP 8 8 PP 2. This is a
compound-complex sentence used for dialogue.

"Np (S) 8 N T(Pres)'not Vt 8 S Np have T(Pres) D N, 8 C S Np
have T(Pres) D N.” NP l 8 VP l 8 S-cl I (DO) 8 S-cI 2 (DO).
This Is a complex sentence used for dialogue.

"C S Np'be T(Pres) Q NJ, 8 Np (S) 8 'be T(Pres) NV 8 N] (PN)
8 P Vt-ing to Vt D N 8 P D NJ-N] 5] fl-" S-cl l 8 NP I 8 VP I
8 NP 2 8 PP I 8 PP 2. This is complex and used for dialogue.
Np(S)8VtT(Past)8DDN(DO),8CPN8Np(S)8Vi
T(Past)8PNp8Nv. NPI8VPI8NP28PPI8NP38VP2
8 PP 2 8 VP 2 (cont.). This is a compound sentence used for
narration.

"NT(Pres)8Np(S)8VI8PDN]N8PN] N?" VPI8NPI
8 VP I (cont.) 8 PP l 8 PP 2. This Is a simple sentence used

for dialogue.

...‘m_ .—r. S._ ‘- I

 

i355) "EIC‘

toba

 

(deli
NP 3

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NPI
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(358)“,
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(360)

75

(356) "Excl," 8 Np (s) 8 Vi T(Past), "8 Np (5)8 N T(Pres)'not Vt 8

(357)

(358)

(359)

(360)

(36”

(362)

(363 )

to be NJ (00), 8 c Np (s) 8 N T(Past) be 8 NJ (PN) to Vt 8 8
(del) Np be T(Past) NJ.“ Ex I 8 NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 VP 2 8
NP 3 8 NP 4 8 VP 3 8 NP 5 8 S-ci I. This is a compound-
complex sentence used for dialogue.

c Np (s) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 Np (no) 8 R 8 P D N 8 Np Vt T(Past).
NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 R-cl I 8 PP I 8 N-cl I (no) (cont.).
This Is a complex sentence used for narration.

s 8 P N 8 Np have T(Past) Vt-en Np 8 s Np N T(Past) Vt to Vt
N 8 P N, 8 Np (s) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 Np (Do), 8 P o N 8 P NJ N, 8
S Np be T(Past) 8 P D N to Vt Np 8 P D D NJ N 8 P N. S-cl l
8 PP I 8 S-ci I (cont.) 8 S-cl 2 8 PP 2 8 NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2
8 PP 3 8 PP h 8 S-cl 3 8 PP 5 8 PP 6 8 PP 7. This is a
complex sentence used for narration.

"Np (S) (del) 8 be (del) T(Pres) (dei) 8 D N (PN) 8 P D N!"
NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 PP I. This is a simple sentence used
for dialogue.

"P D N," 8 Np (S) 8 Vi T(Past), ”8 Np (S) 8 'be T(Pres) 8 Q
N] (PN).” PP I 8 NP i 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 VP 2 8 NP 3. This is
a compound sentence used for dialogue.

"Np (s) 8 N T(Pres) VI to Vt o N." NP I 8 VP I. This is a
simple sentence used for dialogue.

"D N's N (5)," 8 Np (S) 8 Vi T(Past), ”8 be T(Pres) 8 D N (PN),
8 o N (PN), 8 o N (PN)!" NP I 8 NP 2 8 VP I 8 VP 2 8 NP 3 8
NP 8 8 NP 5. This Is compound and used for dialogue.

"Np (S) 8 'be T(Pres) 8 D D N (PN).” NP l 8 VP I 8 NP 2.

This is a simple sentence used for dialogue.

 

R-cl
(365) "Np (
HP
Vt-en
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(3“) "*9 (5
Ex I.
(357) "D II I
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(388)

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(367 )

868)

(369)

(Emma)

76
P N, 8 P Np, 8 Np (s) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 o N (no) 8 P Vt-Ing Np
8 P R. 8 s Np Vt T(Past). 8 have T(Past) Vt-en o N 8 P o N.
PP I 8 PP 2 8 NP I 8 VP l 8 NP 2 8 PP 3 8 R-cl I 8 S-cI I 8
R-cl I (cont.) 8 PP h. This is complex and used for narration.
"Np (S) 8 Vi T(Pres) Av," 8 Np (S) 8 have T(Past) Vi-en, "8 S
S Np be T(Past) D N 8 P N 8 P D N 8 P R Np have T(Pres) AV
Vt-en D N.” NP l 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 VP 2 8 S-cl l 8 PP I 8 PP 2
8 R-cl I. This is compound-complex and used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 8 be T(Pres) 8 N (PN), 8 DA." NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8
Ex I. This is a simple sentence used for dialogue.
"D N (S) 8 P D N 8 have T(Pres) AV Vi-en 8 P D N." NP I 8
PP I 8 VP I 8 PP 2. This is simple and used for dialogue.
"c P Q,Aj D N 8 Np (S) 8 be T(Pres) 8 A] (PN) to Vt D N 8 P D
A] N 8 P N, 8 c Np (s) 8 Av N T(Pres) Vt 8 o A] N (no) 8 P Np
8 c Vt 8 8 AJ N (00)." PP I 8 NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 PP 2 8
PP 3 8 NP 3 8 VP 2 8 NP 8 8 PP h 8 VP 2 (cont.) 8 NP 5. This
is a compound sentence used for dialogue.
Np (s) 8 VI T(Past) Av 8 P N 8 P o o Aj N 8 P o N 8 P N,--8
P (del) o N 8 P o N N,--8 c Vt T(Past) 8 o A], A] N (no) 8 P
D D N 8 P D N. NP l 8 VP I 8 PP I 8 PP 2 8 PP 3 8 PP h 8 PP 5
8 PP 6 8 VP I (cont.) 8 NP 2 8 PP 7 8 PP 8. This is a simple
sentence used for narration.
N's N (s) 8 VI T(Past) 8 c Av A] (PN) 8 P o N 8 P o N 8 P o N
8 P N 8 P N 8 P D N-N. NP l 8 VP l 8 NP 2 8 PP I 8 PP 2 8
PP 3 8 PP h 8 PP 5 8 PP 6. This is a simple sentence used for

reflection.

' rm” p m '.—

 

MINI

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(377)

77
Np (s) 8 VI T(Past) 8 P Vi-ing 8 P o A] N 8 P 0 AJ N, 8 c,
Vt-ing Av o A] N. 8 Vt T(Past) 8 Np (no) 8 P o A] N. NP l 8
VP I 8 PP I 8 PP 2 8 PP 3 8 NP I (cont.) 8 VP I (cont.) 8
NP 2 8 PP h. This is simple and used for narration.
e N (s) 8 VI T(Past) 8 A} c Aj (PN), 8 s Np Vt T(Past) o N 8
P A] N VI-ing Av 8 P o A] N. NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 s-eI I 8
PP I 8 PP 2. This is complex and used for exposition.
P o N, 8 P o N, 8 VI T(Past) 8 D N (s) Vi-en 8 P N, 8 Vi-ing
8 P o N 8 P N. PP I 8 PP 2 8 VP I 8 NP I 8 PP 3 8 NP I(cont.)
8 PP h 8 PP 5. This is simple and used for narration.
s N VI T(Past), 8 Np (s) 8 Vi T(Past) Av Av. 8 P o N; 8 c
Vt-ing Np Np (s) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 o N (no) 8 P N, 8 8 VI T(Past)
8 P D N 8 P A] N. S-ci l 8 NP I 8 VP I 8 PP l 8 NP 2 8 VP 2
8 NP 3 8 PP 2 8 VP 2 (cont.) 8 PP 3 8 PP h. This is a
compound-complex sentence used for narration.
N (s) 8 VI T(Past) Av, Vt T(Past) 8 o N (no) 8 c Vt T(Past) 8
Np (no), 8 P 0 AJ N 8 P A] N. NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 VP I
(cont.) 8 NP 3 8 PP l 8 PP 2. This is a simple sentence used
for narration.
s Np Vt T(Past) o N, 8 Np (s) 8 VI T(Past) 8 P Np 8 Av, 8 c
Np (s) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 5 (del) Np Vi T(Past). s-cl I 8 NP I
8 VP i 8 PP l 8 VP l (cont.) 8 NP 2 8 VP 2 8 S-cl 2 (no).
This is a compound-complex sentence used for narration.
"Np (8) (del) 8 Vt T(Pres) 8 D N (D0)!" 8 Vi T(Past) 8 N (S),
8 AV 8 Vt-Ing Np AV. NP I 8 VP l 8 NP 2 8 VP 2 8 NP 3 8 VP 2
(cont.) 8 NP 3 (cont.). This is a coupound sentence used for

dialogue and narration.

 

 

 

(332) u (I

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i383)

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(Iii)

VI

to

073)

(379 )

(330)

(381)

(382)

(383)

(381.)

78
"Np(s)8be1'(Pres)8oN(PN),8coN(PN)8Pon,"8Np
(5)8VI T(Past), 8Vt-Ing Np. NP I 8VP I 8NP28NP38
PP I 8 NP h 8 VP 2 8 NP h (cont.). This is a compound
sentence used for dialogue and narration.

Np (5)8Vt T(Past)8DN (DO),8DN (DD),8CDN (no) to
be Vi-en. NP l 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 NP 3 8 NP N. This is a
simple sentence used for narration. I

D Q,NJ N (S) 8 P N 8 be T(Past) 8 D N (PN) 8 P D NJ N] N 8 c
P D NJ N 8 P N. NP i 8 PP l 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 PP 2 8 PP 3 8

PP h. This is a simple sentence used for exposition.

Vi-en NV 8 P D N, 8 P D N, 8 Np (S) 8 Vi T(Past) to have Np

D to Vi. NP I 8 PP I 8 PP 2 8 NP I 8 VP I. This is a simple
sentence used for narration.

N (s), Vi-Ing8PNp8PDN8PNJ N,8Vt T(Past)8Np (no)
8DDNVNjN(DD)8PPDN,8P(deI)DN8PN,8P(del)
D N, 8 C P (del) D N 8 P D N, 8 N Np Vi T(Past) NM 8 Vt
T(Past)NptoVI. NPI8PPI8PP28PP38VPI8NP28
NP38PP‘I8PP58PP68PP78PP88PP98N-cl I.
This Is a complex sentence used for narration.

Np (S) 8 be T(Past) 8 D N (PN) 8 P D NJ N.--8 N] N (PN) Vi-en
8 P D N] N 8 P N c N. NP I 8 VP l 8 NP 2 8 PP I 8 NP 3 8

PP 2 8 PP 3. This is simple and used for exposition.
Np(s)8VtT(Past)8N(oo)8PoAJ,Aj N,8CPoN8NNp
Vi T(Past) 8 to Vi 8 P NJ N 8 C P 8 NJ I 8 P D N. NP I 8VVP l
8 NP 2 8 PP l 8 PP 2 8 N-ci l 8 PP 3 8 PP h 8 PP 5. This is a

complex sentence used for narration and reflection.

“Md

'17:

(385)

(336)

(337)

(388)

889)

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(388)

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79
Np (S) 8 have T(Past) be-en 8 P (del) D N 8 P N; 8 Np (S) 8
haVe T(Past) NV he-en 8 P N, 8 8 have T(Past) Vt-en 8’D N (DD)
8 P N. NP I 8 VP I 8 PP I 8 PP 2 8 NP 2 8 VP 2 8 PP 3 8 VP 2
(cont.) 8 NP 3 8 PP h. This is a compound sentence used for
narration.
Np (s) 8 VI T(Past) 8 Q,AJ (PN); 8 Np (s) 8 have T(Past) Np
(no) to VI P, 8 s s o N 8 P N’Np be T(Past) vt;I.g b N,'8 8'81)
Vt T(Past) o N, 8 N T(Past) be NJ to Vt QNj N 8 P o N, 8 s
Np N T(Past) Vi, 8 P o N. NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 NP 3 8 VP 2 8
NP h 8 S-cI I 8 N-cl l 8 R-cl 2 8 S-cl l (cont.) 8 PP I 8
S-cl 2 8 PP 2. This is compound-complex and used for narration.
P N 8 P N, 8 S Np Vt T(Past) D NJ N, 8 Np (S) 8 Vt T(Past) 8
D N (00) 8 c Vt T(Past) 8 Np (no) 8 P o N 8 N Vi T(Past) 8 P
N 8 to Vt 0 NJ N, 8 c P N, 8 s Np Vte T(Past) Np NJ. 8 Np Vt
T(Past) 8 $(del) Np Vt T(Past) D N] N 8 P D N 8 to Vt D N 8
P Np 8 P D N 8 P D N. PP l 8 PP 2 8 S-cl I 8 NP I 8 VP I 8
NP 2 8 VP I (cont.) 8 PP 3 8 N-cI I 8 PP It 8 N-ci I (cont.)
8 N-cI 2 8 S-cl 2 8 R-cl 2 (cont.) 8 S-cI 3 8 PP 5 8 S-cl 3
(cont.) 8 PP 6 8 PP 7 8 PP 8. This is a complex sentence
used for narration.
NV, 8 NV NJ NV NJ 8 P N's N 8 P N, 8 Np (s) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 D
N's N] N (no) 8 P n N] N 8 R (del) Np have T(Past) Vt-en Np.
VPI8NPI8PPI8PP28NPI (cont.)8VPI8'NP28PP3
8 N-cl I. This is complex and used for reflection.
s Np be T(Past) AV D N] N 8 Np (s) 8 Vt T(Past), 8 P VI-Ing
8 P a N 8 P Vt-ing Np 8 P o N 8 P N. s-cI I (no) 8 NP I 8
VP I 8 PP I 8 PP 2 8 PP 3 8 PP h 8 PP 5. This is a coNpIex

W'- -‘
15 I.
m

N D

 

I389)
I390)

(391)

(392)

I393 I

(III)

(395)

(con
0 I

Ali
8 C,
R-cl

(coni

 

 

 

used
"Ms
A] C

Sinpl

HI
VP |

used

0 A}
MI
VP 1

R~cl

ii I
VP I
NP (1
i R |
NP l

(389)
(390)

(39I)

(392 )

(393 )

(398)

(395)

80
(cont.) sentence used for exposition.
o N (s) 8 be T(Past) 8 P o N 8 n, 8 P Vt-ing N, 8 Vt T(Pres)
NJ 8 P 9 NJ N, 8 Vi-en 8 P o o N 8 s Np be T(Past) 8 P N c N,
8 C, S N N T(Past) have VI-en, 8 P "N.“ NP I 8 VP I 8 PP I 8
R-cI I8PP28N-cI I (cont.)8PP38S-cl I8PPlI8s-cII
(cont.) 8 PP S 8 S-cl 2 8 PP 6. This is a complex sentence
used for exposition. '7'. I
Np (S)8beT(Past)8AJ CNJ (PN),8NJ-NJ CAj-Aj (PN), 8
NJ c A] (PN). NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 NP 3 8 NP 8. This is a
simple sentence used for exposition.
D NJ NJ N (S) 8 Vi T(Past) NV 8 P D N, 8 c Vi T(Past) to Vt D
N 8 P D N Q,NJ 8 NJ 8 P D N 8 P D N. NP I 8 VP l 8 PP l 8
VP l (cont.) 8 PP 2 8 PP 3 8 PP h. This is a simple sentence
used for exposition.
DN(S)CN(S)8PDN8beT(Past)8NVAJCNJ (PN),8co
D NJ (PN) 8 S D N be T(Past) 8 P N 8 AV Vi-en 8 P D NJ NJ N, 8
a VI T(Past) Av 8 P 0 NJ N 8 P 0 NJ 8 NJ N. NP I 8 PP I 8
VP l 8 NP 2 8 NP 3 8 S-cl l 8 PP 2 8 S-cl I (cont.) 8 PP 3 8
N-cl l 8 PP h 8 PP 5. This is complex and used for exposition.
DNJ,NJNJN(S)8CDNJN(S)8RVIT(Pres)8PDNCN8
Vl T(Past) 8 D N's NJ N (PN). NP l 8 NP 2 8 N-ci I 8 PP l 8
VP I 8 NP 3. This is complex and used for exposition.
Np (S) 8 he T(Past) Vi-en 8 P NJ NJ N, 8 P P D N 8 P NJ NJ I
8 R be T(Past) Vi-en 8 P D N 8 c Vt T(Past) D N 8 P D N] N.
NPI8VPI8PPI8PP28PP38N-cl I8PPII8N-cII

(cont.) 8 PP S. This is complex and used for exposition.

:7 I13»: Nil

., w ...

 

(396) M
This
(397) lb (
VP I

used

(3981001

 

T(Pas
T(Pas
VP I
NP 3
(399) am
In (1
HIP
This
(1400) c Av

(NI)

Wu)

“Sad

 

Cfifli)

(35F7')

(359132)

(35959:)

(hoe)

(#01)

(#02)

81
P o N 8 be T(Past) VI-en 8 0 NJ NJ N (5). PP I 8 VP I 8 NP I.
This Is a simple sentence used for exposition.
Np (s) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 Np (no) 8 Av, 8 c c P 0 N] N. NP I 8
VP I 8 NP 2 8 VP I (cont.) 8 PP I. This is a simple sentence
used for reflection.
D D NJ NJ N (S) 8 Vi T(Past) NV 8 P D N 8 P N, 8 C have
T(Pest) NV Vi-en to Vt c Vt Np; 8 c 0 NJ N (s), 8 s Np Vt
T(Past) Np AV, 8 Vt T(Past) 8 D Q,Nj N (DO) 8 P N. NP I 8
VP I 8 PP I 8 PP 2 8 VP I (cont.) 8 NP 2 8 s-cl I 8 VP 2 8
NP 3 8 PP 3. This Is compound-complex and used for reflection.
Expl 8 N T(Pest) have be-en NV 8 D N], NJ N (S) 8 P D N; 8 c
Np (S) 8 have T(Past) 8 N P 8 Vt-en 8 to Vi (DD). Ex I 8 VP I
8 NP I 8 PP I 8 NP 2 8 VP 2 8 PP 2 8 VP 2 (cont.) 8 NP 3.
This is 8 compound sentence used for reflection.
c NV. 8 P NJ N. 8 Np (S) 8 be T(Past) Vl-lng 8 NJ (PN). VP l
8 PP I 8 NP I 8 VP l 8 NP 2. This is 8 simple sentence used
for exposition.
o N (s) 8 VI T(Past) Q,NV 8 P NJ I 8 s N, c c to Vt 0 NJ N,
Vt-Ing 8 S D N be T(Past) Q_Nj 8 C S Np N T(Pest) Vt-en D N 8
P D N, 8 VI T(Past) C Vt T(Past) D N 8 P N 8 P D N, 8 N Np VI
T(Pest) VI-en 8 P D N. NP I 8 VP I 8 PP I 8 S-cI I 8 S-cI 2 8
S-cl 3 8 PP 2 8 S-cI I (cont.) 8 PP 3 8 PP h 8 N-cl I 8 PP 5.
This is 8 complex sentence used for narration.
P 0 NJ N 8 Np (s) 8 Vt T(Pest) 8 s o N be T(Pest) NV P‘AJ N.
PP I 8 NP l 8 VP l 8 S-cI I (DO). This Is 8 conplex sentence

used for exposition.

 

(I03) iP (

T(Pa

 

I? II
(I04) I "N*
Vt-i
i P l
8 IP
used

“05) Np (Si

 

(del)
8 PP ;
I! a i
harra
5 up i
P a A.

(#07)

T(PGS1
NP l ‘
‘”i
VP 2 ‘

for he

82

(403) Np (s) 8 be T(Past) 8 c N] c NJ 8 NJ (PN); 8 Np (s) 8 be
T(Past)NV8Nj (PN). NPI8VPI8NP28NP38VP28
NP h. This is a compound sentence used for exposition.

(1801-8) D "N" (S) 8 R N have T(Past) VI-en 8 VI T(Past) NV 8 NJ (PN)
Vt-InanNP;8Np(s)8beT(Past)8QAjN(PN)coN(PN)
8 P D N 8 P N c N. NP I 8 R-cI I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 NP 3 8 VP 2
8 NP h 8 PP I 8 PP 2. This Is a compound-complex sentence~~
used for reflection and exposition.

(#05) Npis)8NT(Past) have be-en8NJ (DO)Qto Vt8SDNJN8
PDN8beT(Past)QNJCDN8PDNNvVi-Ing8PN. NPI
8VPI8NP285-cII8PPI8s-cll(cont.)8PP28PP3.
This Is a complex sentence used for reflection.

(#06) £pr8VtT(Past)8PNp8Av8spreT(Past)uN8PsQ
NJN;8C,PPPDNJN8PDN,8DNJN(S)8VtT(Pest)8
D N (D0) 8 N Np Vt T(Past) D N Q Q,NV 8 S D N N (del) T(Past)
(del). Ex I 8 VP I 8 PP I 8 VP I (cont.) 8 S-cI l (s) 8 PP 2
8 PP 3 8 PP h 8 NP l 8 VP 2 8 NP 2 8 N-cI I 8 S-cl 2. This
Is a compound-complex sentence used for reflection and
narration.

(“07) SNpVIT(Past)tthoN,8Np(5)8VIT(Past)Av8PNp8
PDNijN8VtT(Pest)8DN(D0)8PDN;8C,S8PDNJ
N8PNJN8PNjN.8NthT(Past)DNJN,8Np(S)8Vt
T(Past)8oAjI(oo)8CVt T(Past)8DN(DD). s-cIIs
NPI8VPI8PPI8PP28VPI(cont.)8NP28PP38S-cI2
8PP‘I8PP58PP58S-cI2(cont.)8NP38VP28NP‘I8
VP 2 (cont.) 8 NP 5. This Is a compound-complex sentence used

for narration.

 

 

 

(lie)

(in)

(Hz)

(N3)

(Iii)

 

Be.
VPI

sent

Hip
SP
8PP

PM

HI;
8P
PPI

use

83

(has) Np(PN)8beT(Past)8DN(s)8PDNj N? NPI8VPI8
NP 2 8 PP I. This Is simple and used for reflection.

(1809) “T(Past)8Np (5)8DQAJ (PN)8PN8CDQNJ (PN)8PN?
VP l 8 NP I 8 NP 2 8 PP l 8 NP 3 8 PP 2. This is a simple
sentence used for reflection.

(£810) NT(Past)8Np(S)8Vt8Np(DO)8PDNJN8RNJN8PDN
8 Np be T(Past) not NJ-Nj to Vt 8 P D A] N 8 P have-ing Np VI
8 P o N] N 8 8 VI 8 P NJ N? VP I 8 NP I 8 VP I (cont.) 8 NP 2
8 PP I 8 R-cI I 8 PP 2 8 R-cl I (cont.) 8 PP 3 8 PP u 8 PP 5 8
PP h (cont.) 8 PP 6. This is complex and used for reflection.

(MI) PDNJCNj N,8P(del)DNj N,8CP(deI)DNJN8PNJ N,
8 Np (s) 8 VI T(Past) 8 P o A] NJ-N 8 P o N, 8 VI-Ing 8 P NJ N
8 P 0 NJ N. PP l 8 PP 2 8 PP 3 8 PP h 8 NP I 8 VP I 8 PP 5 8
PP 6 8 PP 5 (cont.) 8 PP 7 8 PP 8. This is a simple sentence
used for exposition.

(M2) c “T(Past) 8Np (s) 8Vi-en Av NV8 PD N8PNj N, 85 s
Np N T(Past) have 8 P Np 8 o A], NJ N, N] c A] 8 P o N 8 P N?
VP I 8 NP I 8 VP I (cont.) 8 PP I 8 PP 2 8 s-cI I 8 PP 3 8
S-cI I (cont.) 8 PP h 8 PP 5. This is a complex sentence
used for reflection.

(“13) an N (s),8s (deI)Np Vi T(Past),8beT(Past)8QNj 8
NJ (PN); 8 Np (s) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 o N (no) 8 P R be T(Past)
Vt-en ”NJ N." NP I 8 S-cl I 8 VP l 8 NP 2 8 NP 3 8 VP 2 8
NP h 8 N-cI I. This is a compound-complex sentence used for
exposition.

(inn) "C o u (s), 8Nv N T(Pres) 8 Np (5)8 vs mu 8 Np (5)8 v:

T(Past) 8 P N, 8 P 0 NJ N. NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 VP I (cont.)

:5 -‘.: .

:nr- .-., 4-

 

(III)

(“5)

(1416)

(Iii)

(I18)

(I19)

(I20)

(#21)

(co

I

sent

"Np
i
IP I

"Np

I
"D A,
c I
0qu
Ii II

Iii

 

 

Vi °er

(S) i

(Inn)

(“15)

(#81852)

(417)

(1818)

(419)

(#20)

(km)

84
(cont.) 8 NP 3 8 VP 2 8 PP I 8 PP 2. This Is a compound
sentence used for dialogue and narration.
"Np (5) (del) 8 Vi (del) T(Pres) (del) NV (del) NV, NV!"
NP I 8 VP I. This is simple and used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 8 have T(Pres) NV 8 D N (DO) 8 R N c N Vtg T(Pres)
Np NJ N C N.” NP l 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 R-cl I. This is a
complex sentence used for dialogue.
D N (S) 8 Vi T(Past) 8 P Np, 8 Vi T(Past) 8 P Np 8 P (del) D
N 8 Q,NV, 8 C NV Vt-ing D N 8 P D N 8 N (del) Np have T(Past)
Vi-en NV NV. "8 Np (S) 8 have T(Pres) 8 D NJ N (00):" 8 Np
(S) 8 VI T(Past), 8 P A] N. NP I 8 VP I 8 PP I 8 VP I (cont.)
8PP28PP38VPI (cont.)8NP28PPh8N-clI8NP38
VP 2 8 NP # 8 NP 2 (cont.) 8 VP 3 8 PP 5. This is a compound-
complex sentence used for narration and dialogue.
"Np (S) 8 'be T(Pres) VI-en to Vi NV," 8 Np (S) 8 VI T(Past)
8 P D N. NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 VP 2 8 PP I. This is a compound
sentence used for dialogue and narration.
"Excl, 8 AV N T(Pres) 8 Np (S) 8 Vi?“ 8 Np (S) 8 Vi T(Past).
Ex I 8 VP I 8 NP I 8 VP I (cont.) 8 NP 2 8 VP 2. This Is a
compound sentence used for dialogue.
"s Nth T(Pres) Np, 8Np (s) NT(Pres) Vt8D! (00):"
S-cI I 8 NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2. This is a complex sentence
used for dialogue.
C Np (S) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 D N (DD) 8 C Vt T(Past) 8 Np (DD) 8
P D D N 8 P D N, 8 S 8 P D N, 8 P D NJ A] N, 8 VI T(Past) D
NJN8PNJ N. NPI8VPI8NP28VPI (cont.)8NP38
PPI8PP28s-cII8PP38PPh8s-8I I (cont.)8PP5.

 

 

 

-;_;,. 8i

L

 

(III) (co
(Ill) HIP]
NP 1
(I23) III
II II"
IF 2

used

(WI) IIp (g

 

Sim
(I26) "Np (
I (Si
Como
"Np (
II? I

used
I ,,
i 28) p

Vle

for d
(I29) u

NPI‘

Pente'

 

 

0M2!)
(1.22 )

(M23II

(hullsfl)

(#25 )

(#283)

(“27)

(#28)

(has)

85
(cont.) This is complex and used for narration.
P Np 8 be T(Past) Vi-en 8 o N] N (s) 8 P NJ-N. PP I 8 VP I 8
NP I 8 PP 2. This is simple and used for exposition.
o N (5)8 Vt T(Past) 8 D Q NJ N (00), AV NJ, NV VI-Ing Nv 8 P
D N's N, 8 C P D D NJ N NJ, 8 C C P D N 8 P N. NP l 8 VP I 8
NP 2 8 PP I 8 PP 2 8 PP 3 8 PP #. This is a simple sentence
used for exposition.
Np (S) 8 be T(Past) Vi-en 8 P NJ N C N, 8 C C VI-en 8 NJ (PN)
8 P D NJ N 8 P N. NP l 8 VP I 8 PP I 8 VP I (cont.) 8 NP 2 8
PP 2 8 PP 3. This is simple and used for exposition.
D N (s) 8 P NJ N c N, Vi-en 8 P o N, 8 Vt T(Past) 8 o N (no)
8 P N. NP I 8 PP l 8 PP 2 8 VP 2 8 NP 2 8 PP 3. This Is a
simple sentence used for exposition.
"Np (S) 8 “be T(Pres) 8 R Np N T(Pres) Vt!" 8 Vt T(Past) 8 D
N (s). NP I 8 VP I 8 R-cl I (PN) 8 VP 2 8 NP 2. This is a
conpound-compiex sentence used for dIangue.
"Np (s) 8 'be T(Pres) 8 0 NJ NJ N (PN) 8 R Np Vt T(Past)."
NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 R-cl I. This is a complex sentence
used for dialogue.
"Np (s) 8 'be T(Pres) 8 o o N (PN), 8 c o N N (s) 8 Vtg T(Past)
8 Np (no) 8 Np (I0) 8 P o N.“ NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 NP 3 8
VP 2 8 NP N 8 NP 5 8 PP I. This Is a compound sentence used
for dialogue.
"Np (S) 8 have T(Pres) Vtg-en 8 Np (I0) 8 D N (DO) 8 NV!"
NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 NP 3 8 VP I (cont.). This Is a simple

sentence used for dialogue.

 

 

 

IN) N

(co

(III) Ii-

8 S-
S-cl
“62) 0N

(I33) Np
D I
Vt-
C I

t I
(III) Ex;

86

(1830) Np (s) 8 VI T(Past) 8 P o N 8 P o N 8 c Vt T(Past) 8 Np (DO)
8 NV. NP I 8 VP I 8 PP I 8 PP 2 8 VP I (cont.) 8'NP 2 8 VP I
(cont.). This is simple and used for narration.

(183] ) VI-Ing NV 8 P N, 8 Np (5)8 Vt T(Past) 8 Np (DO) 8 s 8 s Np
be T(Past) Vi-en 8 P D N 8 P D N 8 C VI-en 8 P D NJ N, 8 Np
N T(Past) Vt 0 NJ. NP I 8 PP I 8 NP I (cont.) 8 VP I 8 NP 2
8 s-cI I 8 s-cI 2 8 PP 2 8 PP 3 8 s-cI 2 (cont.) 8 PP h 8
S-cl l (cont.). This is complex and used for narration.

(432) o N (s) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 to Vtg Np NJ N (no); 8 Np (s) 8 Vt
T(Past) 8 a N (no), 8 c o N (s) 8 Vi T(Past) 8 P N. NP I 8
VP I 8 NP 2 8 NP 3 8 VP 2 8 NP h 8 NP 5 8 VP 3 8 PP I. This
is a compound sentence used for narration.

(#33) Np (5)8VtT(Past)8Np (DO)8NV8PDNtoVi 8PDN8P
o N, 8 c Np (s) 8 Vi T(Past) c Vt T(Past) 8 o N (no) 8 P o N,
Vt-Ing o N 8 P o D NJ c NV. NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 VP I (cont.)
8 PP I 8 PP 2 8 PP 3 8 NP 3 8 VP 2 8 NP h 8 PP N 8 NP 3(cont.)
8 PP 5. This is compound and used for narration.

(18318)Epr8VIT(Past)8PNp8soN8PanN8PN8PooN8
N T(Past) Vt Np to Vt 8 R N 8 P N 8 Np be T(Past). Ex I 8
VP I 8 PP I 8 sncI I (s) 8 PP 2 8 PP 3 8 PP h 8 s-cI I (cont.)
8 R-cl I 8 PP 5 8 Rocl l (cont.). This is a complex sentence
used for reflection.

(435) s Np 8 Vt T(Past) o N, 8 Np (s) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 o N (no), 8 Vt

T(Past) 8 D N (D0) 8 NV, C Vtg T(Past) 8 Np (l0) 8 D NJ N (DO).
S-cI I 8 NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 VP I (cont.) 8 NP 3 8 VP I
(cont.) 8 NP h 8 NP 5. This is a complex sentence used for

narration.

8 PI

 

(I37) "I I

II I

 

dial

 

MO) "Np

VI-I

IPNP

 

(1836 )

(1'37 )

(“38 )

(439 )

(NMNCI)

(Mn)

(M82 )

87
Ms) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 D N (00) 8 c; Vt T(Past) 8 Np (DO) 8 Av 8
P D N. NP l 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 VP l (cont.) 8 NP 3 8 VP I(cont.)
8 PP I. This is simple and used for narration.
"c Np (no) 8 N T(Pres) 8 Np (s) 8 Vt 8 P 0 NJ N?" 8 Np (s) 8
VI T(Past) 8 P N. NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 VP I (cont.) 8 PP I 8
NP 3 8 VP 2 8 PP 2. This is a compound sentence used for
dialogue and narration.
"Np (S) 8 'be T(Pres) NV 8 NJ N] N (PN)!" 8 Np (S) 8 Vi
T(Past). NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 NP 3 8 VP 2. This is a
compound sentence used for dialogue.
Np (s) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 Np (no) 8 P (del) o N 8 Av, 8 Av VI
T(Past) 8 NJ (PN) Av 8 P o N 8 P N. NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8
PP I 8 VP I (cont.) 8 NP 3 8 PP 2 8 PP 3. This is a simple
sentence used for narration.
"Np (S) 8 N T(Past) have Vt-en 8 D N (DO) C D N (DO) 8 NV,
Vt-en 8 Np (DO) 8 S Np NV Vt T(Past) Np,~-Vt-en (del) 8 D N
(DO) 8 P D N NJ 8 P D N, 8 P (del) 0 NJ N 8 P D N, 8 C P (dei)
o N NJ 8 P o N.“ NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 VP I (cont.) 8 NP 3 8
s-cI I 8 VP I (cont.) 8 NP N 8 PP I 8 PP 2 8 PP 3 8 PP N 8
PP S 8 PP 6. This is complex and used for dialogue.
“Np (S) 8 N T(Past) have Vtuen, 8 S (dei) Np Vi T(Pres), 8 S
N have T(Past) Vt-en D N 8 P N] N." NP l 8 VP I 8 S-cI I 8
S-cl 2 (DO) 8 PP I. This is complex and used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 8 be T(Past) Vi-ing NV, 8 P (del) D NJ N, 8 P D NJ N
8 P o N, 8 s Np Vt T(Past) o N 8 P 0 NJ N.” NP I 8 VP I 8
PP I 8 PP 2 8 PP 3 8 S-cl l 8 PP h. This Is a complex

sentence used for dialogue.

 

(‘85)

(his)

(“III

(“III

(ISO)

 

(C0!

058i

(FPNBI

(hflvh)

(huts)
(“ANSI
(“‘H7)

(IPNRB)

(‘NHE9)

(IPESCD)

(h5I)

(185;:z:)

88
"D N (S) 8 Vt T(Past) NV 8 D N (00)." NP I 8 VP l 8 NP 2.
This is a simple sentence used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 8 NV Vt T(Past) 8 C to Vt (D0), '8 R N T(Pres) Np Vt?‘
8 C to Vi NV C Vi (00)." NP I 8 VP l 8 NP 2 8 R-cI l 8 NP 3.
This is a complex sentence used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 8 Vi T(Past) 8 P D NJ N." NP I 8 VP l 8 PP I. This
is a simple sentence used for dialogue.
"Np (s) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 s Np be T(Past) AJ 8 NJ." NP I 8 VP I
8 S-cl I (DO). This is complex and used for dialogue.
“Np (S) 8 N T(Past) have Vi~en 8 P P D N 8 P N." NP I 8 VP I
8 PP I 8 PP 2. This Is simple and used for dialogue.
"Np (s) 8 Vtg T(Past) 8 Np (I0) 8 N (00) 8 c Vt T(Past) 8 Np
(Do) 8 P o N 8 P o N." NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 NP 3 8 VP I
(cont.) 8 NP 8 8 PP l 8 PP 2. This is a simple sentence
used for dialogue.
"Np (s) 8 have T(Past) Vt-en 8 o N (00)." NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2.
This Is a simple sentence used for dialogue.
"Np (S), 8 NV, be T(Past) 8 D A] N (PN) 8 C Np (S) 8 have
T(Past) be-en Vinen NV 8 P D N 8 P D N." NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2
8 NP 3 8 VP 2 8 PP I 8 PP 2. This is a compound sentence
used for dialogue.
“Np (S) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 P D D N 8 S NV be T(Past) D N NV NJ."
NP I 8 VP I 8 PP l 8 S-cI I (DO). This is a complex sentence
used for dialogue.
”Np (S) 8 VI T(Past) 8 P Np 8 P D NJ NJ N 8 R have T(Past)
Vt-en D N." NP I 8 VP I 8 PP I 8 PP 2 8 R-cl i. This is a

complex sentence used for dialogue.

 

(IN) "NP
It '

ID

 

 

(co
(co
(WI) "P
T(Pa
I SI
(“55) "SI
I(Pa

SD

“56) IINF

“‘57) "P .

(I58)

(I59)

(853)

(“5‘0

(455)

(#56 )

(457)

(lsgstg)

(£85553:’

89
"Np (s) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 0 NJ N (no), 8 Vt T(Past) 8 Np (no), 8
Vt T(Past) 8 Np (DO) 8 S Np N T(Past) have Vt-en D NJ N 8 P N,
8 0 AJ N 8 P N NJ 8 P o N] N." NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 VP I
(cont.) 8 NP 3 8 VP I (cont.) 8 NP h 8 S-cI I 8 PP I 8 S-cI I
(cont.) 8 PP 2 8 PP 3. This is complex and used for dialogue.
”P D N--8 c c to Vt c Vt o N 8 P Np D--8 0 AJ NJ N (s) 8 VI
T(Past).“ PP I 8 VP I 8 PP 2 8 NP I 8 VP I (cont.). This Is
a simple sentence used for dialogue.
"S Np Vt T(Past) 8 S Np be T(Past) VI-Ing, 8 Np (S) 8 Vt
T(Past) 8 Np (no) 8 P P Np 8 P o N, 8 c Np (s) 8 Vt T(Past)
8 o N (00)." s-cI I 8 S-cI 2 8 NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 PP I 8
PP 2 8 NP 3 8 VP 2 8 NP h. This is a compound-complex
sentence used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 D NJ N (DO) 8 P Np, 8 S (del) Np Vi
T(Pres); 8 Np (S) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 to Vt D NJ NJ N (DD) 8 P
(del) o N 8 P o N.” NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 PP I 8 s-cI I 8
NP 3 8 VP 2 8 NP 8 8 PP 2 8 PP 3. This is a compound-complex
sentence used for dialogue.
“P Np, 8 Np (S) 8 AV Vt T(Past) 8 D N (00)." PP I 8 NP I 8
VP I 8 NP 2. This is simple and used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 8 be T(Pres) 8 D NJ, NJ, Q,NJ N (DD) 8 R NV Vi T(Past)
8 P D NJ NJ N 8 P N." NP l 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 N-cl I 8 PP I 8
PP 2. This Is a complex sentence used for dialogue.
“Np (s) 8 VI T(Pres) 8 P o N 8 P o N, 8 P o N 8 P 0 NJ N 8 N
(del) Np have T(Pres) be-en NJ to Vt Np, 8 C P D NJ NI" NP l
8 VP l 8 PP I 8 PP 2 8 PP 3 8 PP h 8 R-cl l 8 PP 5. This Is

a complex sentence used for dialogue.

 

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"Np (S) 8 'be T(Pres) not 8 Q,NJ (PN) 8 P D N; 8 D N (S) 8
have T(Pres) NV Vte-en 8 Np (DD) NJ (08)." NP I 8 VP i 8 NP 2
8 PP I 8 NP 3 8 VP 2 8 NP h. This is a compound sentence used
for dialogue.
”N (S) 8 Vt T(Pres) 8 5 (del) Np'have T(Pres) Vt-en D N 8 P
Np." NP I 8 VP I 8 S-cl I (no) 8 PP I. This is a complex
sentence used for dialogue.
“Np (s) 8 N T(Pres) have Vt-en 8 0 NJ N (no) 8 P o N, 8 0 NJ N
(DO) 8 P D N." NP I 8 VP 1 8 NP 2 8 PP I 8 NP 3 8 PP 2. This
is a simple sentence used for dialogue.
"c be T(Past) 8 Epr 8 NV 8 Q o Q,NJ N (s), 8 Q 0 NJ NJ N (s)
8 P o N 8 P o N 8 c o N 8 P o N?" VP I 8 Ex I 8 VP I (cont.)
8 NP I 8 NP 2 8 PP I 8 PP 2 8 PP I (cont.) 8 PP 3. This Is a
simple sentence used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 8 'have T(Pres) Vt-en 8 Np (D0); 8 Np (S) 8 N T(Pres)
Vt 8 5 (del) Np Vt T(Pres) Np." NP l 8 VP l 8 NP 2 8 NP 3 8
VP 2 8 S-cl I (DO). This Is a compound-complex sentence used
for dialogue.
"Np (S) 8 'have T(Pres) Vt-en 8 Np (DD) 8 AV 8 P NV; 8 D N
(S) 8 be T(Pres) VI-en c Vi-en, 8 c Np (S) 8 have T(Pres)
Vt-en NV 8 to Vt o N (no); 8 Np (s) 8 N T(Pres) 8 P N 8 Vt 8
Np (no) 8 to VI 8 P Np." NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 VP I (cont.)
8 PP I 8 NP 3 8 VP 2 8 NP h 8 VP 3 8 NP 5 8 NP 6 8 VP h 8 PP 2
8 VP h (cont.) 8 NP 7 8 VP h (cont.) 8 PP 3. This is a
compound sentence used for dialogue.
"'P N,--P N'?" 8 Np (S) 8 Vt T(Past), 8 P D N. NP I (DD) 8

NP 2 8 VP I 8 PP I. This Is a simple sentence used for

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”N T(Pres) 8 Np (S) 8 Vt 8 S Np have T(Pres) NV Vt-en Np NV?"
VP l 8 NP I 8 VP I (cont.) 8 S-cl I (DO). This is a complex
sentence used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 8 'have T(Pres) not NV Vt-en--8 D--D N (D0)," 8 VI
T(Past) 8 N (s), VI-Ing Q NV. NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 VP 2 8
NP 3. This Is a compound sentence used for dialogue and
narration.
"Np (S) 8 'have T(Pres) Vt-en 8 N (DD), 8 S (del) Np Vi
T(Pres); 8 Np (s) 8 'have T(Pres) Vt-en 8 0 AJ NJ N (00)."
NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 S-cl i 8 NP 3 8 VP 2 8 NP h. This is
a compound-complex sentence used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 8 'be T(Pres) 8 D NJ N (PN)." NP i 8 VP I 8 NP 2.
This is a simple sentence used for dialogue.
"C Np (S) 8 'have T(Pres) not NV Vt-en 8 Np (DD) 8 P D N, 8
Vi-en C Vi-en c Vi-en, 8 P D N.” NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 PP l
8 NP 2 (cont.) 8 PP 2. This Is simple and used for dialogue.
R have T(Past) VI-en 8 P D N 8 P D N C D N 8 Np (S) 8 be
T(Pres) 8 P o N to Vt; 8 P o N, 8 Np (5)8 be T(Past) 8 NJ
(PN) to Vt NJ N. R-ci I 8 PP I 8 PP 2 8 NP l 8 VP I 8 PP 3
8 PP h 8 NP 2 8 VP 2 8 NP 3. This is a compound-complex
sentence used for narration.
Np (5)8 be T(Past) 8 NJ (PN) to Vt Np. NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2.
This is a simple sentence used for narration.
Np (S) 8 have T(Past) Vi-en 8 P D N, 8 P D N. NP I 8 VP I 8

PP I 8 PP 2. This is simple and used for narration.

 

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92
"DN," 8 Np (s) 8 VI T(Past), 8 Vt-Ing o N 8 P o N, "8 Np (s)
8 'have T(Pres) Vi-eni" Ex I 8 NP l 8 VP i 8 NP I (cont.) 8

 

PP l 8 NP 2 8 VP 2. This is a compound sentence used for
dialogue and narration.

“Np (s) 8 'be T(Pres) 8 0 NJ, NJ N (PN)--8 P o N!" NP I 8

VP i 8 NP 2 8 PP I. This is simple and used for dialogue.

Np (S) 8 be T(Past) 8 S S Np have T(Past) NV Vt-en Np; 8 Np
(S) 8 N T(Pres) NV Vt 8 D NJ, NJ, Q,NJ N (DO) 8 P N 8 P R Np
Vt T(Past) Np. NP I 8 VP I 8 s-cI I 8 NP 2 8 VP 2 8 NP 3 8
PP I 8 R-cl i. This is a compound-complex sentence used for
narration.

"Vi-en (ID)--8 NJ, NJ (00):" 8 Np (s) 8 Vt T(Past). NP I 8
NP 2 8 NP 3 8 VP i. This is simple and used for dialogue.’
"De T(Pres) 8 Np (S) 8 VI-Ing?" VP l 8 NP I 8 VP I (cont.).
This is a simple sentence used for dialogue.

"Excl, 8 DA, 8 Np (s) 8 Vt T(Pres) 8 5 (del) Np N T(Pres)
'not Vt D N 8 P Np?" Ex I 8 Ex 2 8 NP I 8 VP I 8 S-cI I (no)
8 PP I. This is complex and used for dialogue.

Np (s) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 0 NJ N (no) 8 8 VI T(Past) 8 P o N, 8
Vi-ing 8 P Np 8 P NJ, NJ, NJ N. NP i 8 VP i 8 NP 2 8 VP 1
(cont.) 8 PP I 8 NP l (cont.) 8 PP 2 8 PP 3. This is a simple
sentence used for narration.

P N, Vi-ing NV, 8 Vt-ing D N Np (S) (del) 8 Vi (del) T(Past)
(del): "8 Np (S) (dei) 8 Vt T(Pres) 8 Np (D0) 8 Av: 8 N
T(Pres) 8 Np (S) 8 VI 8 P Np 8 Q,NJ (PN)?" PP I 8 NP I 8

VP I 8 NP 2 8 VP 2 8 NP 3 8 VP 2 (cont.) 8 VP 3 8 NP 8 8 VP 3

(cont.) 8 PP 2 8 NP 5. This is a compound sentence used for

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(cont.) narration and dialogue.
"Be T(Pres) 8 Np (S) 8 NJ (PN), 8 be T(Pres) 8 Np (S) 8 NJ
(PN), 8 be T(Pres) 8 Np (S) 8 NJ (PN)?" VP l 8 NP I 8 NP 2
8 VP 2 8 NP 3 8 NP h 8 VP 3 8 NP 5 8 NP 6. This Is a compound
sentence used for dialogue.
Av 8 P N 8 Np (s) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 D N (no) 8 P o N; 8 s, Np 8
P Np, 8 D NJ N have T(Past) VI-en NV, C Vt-en Np Vi-ing 8 P
NJ N, 8 Av VI-ing 8 P D N NV AJ. VP I 8 PP I 8 NP I 8 VP I
8 NP 2 8 PP 2 8 S-cl I (DO) 8 PP 3 8 S-cI I (cont.) 8 PP h 8
S-cl I (cont.) 8 PP 5. This Is a complex sentence used for
reflection.
Np (s)8VI T(Past)8PNp8DDN (PN)NV tthNpDNJ N.
NP I 8 VP I 8 PP I 8 NP 2. This Is simple and used for
reflection.
"Np (S) 8 N T(Past) be 8 NJ (PN) to Vt 8 S (dei) Np'be T(Pres)
Vi-en." NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 S-cl I 8 NP 3 8 VP 2 8 NP 4 8
VP 3 8 S-cI 2 (DO). This is a compound-complex sentence used
for dialogue.
"Np (s) 8 'have T(Pres) Vt-en 8 N (no) 8 P NJ N." NP I 8 VP I
8 NP 2 8 PP I. This Is simple and used for dialogue.
"o N (s) 8 be T(Past) NV 8 NJ 8 NJ 8 NJ (PN); 8 c, Np (5)8
Vi T(Pres), 8 Np (S) 8 be T(Past) 8 D I (DO) NJ." NP I 8 VP I
8 NP 2 8 NP 3 8 VP 2 8 NP h 8 VP 3 8 NP 5. This Is a compound
sentence used for dialogue.
"Excl, 8 Np (S) 8 have T(Pres) 8 DAL! (D0)?" Ex I 8 NP I 8
VP I 8 NP 2. This is simple and used for dialogue.

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"P o N 8 Np (5) (del) 8 Vt T(Pres) 8 Np (no) Vt 8 P Np!"
PP I 8 NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 PP Z. This Is a simple sentence
used for dialogue.
Np (S) 8 VI T(Past) Av; 8 D N (5)8 be T(Past) 8 QNV NJ (PN).
NP l 8 VP l 8 NP 2 8 VP 2 8 NP 3. This is a compound
sentence used for narration.
Np (s) 8 Vt T(Past) Av 8 o N (no) 8 c Vi T(Past) 8 Vt-Ing o N
NV 8 P o N. NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 VP I (cont.) 8 NP I (cont.)
8 PP I. This is simple and used for narration.
"Np (S) (del) 8 have (del) T(Pres) (del) 8 g_51 ! (00)?" NP l
8 VP l 8 NP 2. This is simple and used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 8 Vt T(Pres) 8 Np (DO) 8 P Vt-ing Np 0 NJ N." NP l 8
VP l 8 NP 2 8 PP I. This is simple and used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 8 N T(Pres) Vt NV 8 o N (00) 8 P P Q_Nl_!}" NP l 8
VP l 8 NP 2 8 PP I. This Is simple and used for dialogue.
"o D N (PN) 8 Np (S) 8 'N T(Pres) be!“ NP l 8 NP 2 8 VP I.
This is a simple sentence used for dialogue.
"NJ--NJ (no)! 8 NJ--Nj (00):" 8 Np (s) 8 Vt T(Past). NP I 8
NP 2 8 NP 3 8 VP I. This is simple and used for dialogue.
"Np (S) (del) 8 NV Vt T(Pres) 8 D N (00)," 8 Np (S) 8 VI
T(Past), 8 Vi-en 8 P R Np have T(Past) Vi-en, 8 "Np (5) (del)
8 NV Vt T(Pres) 8 s N (no) 8 P Np!" NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 NP 3
8 VP 2 8 NP 3 (cont.) 8 N-cl I 8 NP u 8 VP 3 8 NP 5 8 PP I.
This is compound-complex and used for dialogue and narration.
"Np (s) 8 have T(Pres) 8 o N (no), 8 u N (no). 8 o N (90)."
NP I 8 VP l 8 NP 2 8 NP 3 8 NP h. This is a simple sentence

used for dialogue.

 

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"Np (5) (del) 8 Vt T(Pres) 8 o N (no) 8 P o N." NP I 8 VP I
8 NP 2 8 PP I. This is simple and used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 8 Vte T(Pres) 8 Np (DO) 8 NV 8 D N (06), 8 C Np (S) 8
AV Vtg T(Pres) 8 Np (l0) 8 P Np 8 D N (00) 8 R (dei) Np N
T(Pres) Vt to VI.“ NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 VP I (cont.) 8 NP 2
(cont.)8NP38VP28NPlIsPP I 8NP58R-cl I. This is
a compound-complex sentence used for dialogue.
Np (5)8 Vi T(Past), 8 c Np (5)8 VI T(Past) Nv to Vt Np.
NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 VP 2. This is a simple sentence used
for narration.
"NJ--NJ (00)!" 8 Np (S) 8 Vt T(Past) NV Vt-ing. NP l 8 NP 2
8 VP I. This is simple and used for dialogue and narration.
"s Np he T(Pres) NJ, 8 Np (PN) 8 be T(Pres) 8 Np (8)?" s-ci I
8 VP l 8 NP I. This Is complex and used for dialogue.
"S D I have T(Pres) Vi-en, 8 Av--NV he T(Pres) 8 D N (5)?"
S-cl I 8 VP I 8 NP I. This is complex and used for dialogue.
”Nave T(Pres) 8 N (S) 8 be-en 8 D N (PN)?" VP I 8 NP l 8 VP I
(cont.) 8 NP 2. This is simple and used for dialogue.
"Nave T(Pres) 8 Np (S) 8 VI-en Q,NV,--8 have T(Pres) 8 Np (S)
8Vi-enQNV‘I" VP I 8 NP l 8VPI (cont.) 8VP28NPZ8
VP 2 (cont.). This is compound and used for dialogue.
o N (s), 8 P N, 8 be T(Pres) 8N] (PN). NP I 8 PP I 8 VP l
8 NP 2. This is a simple sentence used for narration.
S D N 8 P N 8 N T(Past) have he-en Vi-en 8 P D N]. NJ N 8 Vt
T(Past) 8 S Np have T(Past) he-en VI-en 8 P NJ N. S-cl l (S)
8 PP I 8 S-cl I (cont.) 8 PP 2 8 VP l 8 S-cl 2 (00) 8 PP 3.

This is a complex sentence used for reflection.

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0 NJ N's N (S) 8 P NJ N, 8 P NJ N, 8 Vi T(Past) to VI NV 8 P D
N 8 P N 8 P N. NP I 8 PP I 8 PP z 8 VP I 8 PP 3 8 PP h 8 PP 5.
This is a simple sentence used for reflection.
Np (S) 8 AV Vt T(Past) 8 D N (00) 8 C VI T(Past) 8 P N. NP I
8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 VP I (cont.) 8 PP I. This Is a simple
sentence used for narration.
Np (s) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 Np (no) 8 AV 8 P 0 NJ N, 8 c Np (s) 8
Vt T(Past) 8 c to Vt o N (no), 8 to Vt o N (no), 8 c t6 Vt 0
NJ I (00). NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 VP I (cont.) 8 PP I 8 NP 3 8
VP 2 8 NP h 8 NP 5 8 NP 6. This is a compound sentence used
for narration.
s Np Vt T(Past) o N 8 Np (s) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 to Vt Np to Vi
NV (00). S-cl l 8 NP l 8 VP I 8 NP 2. This is a complex
sentence used for narration.
"Np (s) 8 'N T(Pres) Vt 8 D N (no) 8 P N," 8 Np (s) 8 Vi
T(Past). 8 Vi-ing, ”8 P o N 8 P o N.“ NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8
PP I 8 NP 3 8 VP 2 8 NP 3 (cont.) 8 PP 2 8 PP 3. This is a
compound sentence used for dialogue and narration.
P 0 NJ N.8 Np (S) 8 Vt T(Past) NV 8 D N (00), 8 Vi T(Past) 8
P 0 N 8 P D NV N] N, 8 c NV 8 Vtg-ing Np 0 N, "8 Np (S) 8 'N
T(Pres) Vt 8 Np (00)." 8 Np (S) 8 VI T(Past). "8 P O N!" PP I
8 NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 VP I (cont.) 8 PP 2 8 PP 3 8 VP 2 8
NP 3 8 NP 5 8 VP 3 8 NP 5 8 NP 3 (cont.) 8 VP 2 (cont.) 8 PP h.
This is compound and used for dialogue and narration.
"Excl, 8 Np (S) (del) 8 'N (del) T(Pres) (del) 8 Vt (del) 8
Np (00) (del) 8 P D N." Ex I 8 NP I 8 VP l 8 NP 2 8 PP I.

This is a simple sentence used for dialogue.

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97
“P Np, 8 Np (S) 8 have T(Pres) 8 Np (DD) 8 5!.“ PP l 8 NP l
8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 VP l (cont.). This is a simple sentence used
for dialogue.
C Np (S) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 D N (DD). NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2. This
is a simple sentence used for narration.
"P N 8 Np (S) 8 'be T(Pres) 8 NJ (PN)!" PP l 8 NP l 8 VP l
8 NP 2. This is a simple sentence used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 8 N T(Pres) Vt 8 to have Np Vi (DD) 8 P Np,--8 S (del)
Np (del) he (del) T(Pres) (del) D N 8 B have T(Pres) Vt-en D N
Vt 8 P o N." NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 PP I 8 S-cl I 8 N-cI I 8
PP 2. This is a complex sentence used for dialogue.
"Np (5) (del) 8 he (del) T(Pres) (del) 8 NJ--NJ (PN)!" NP l
8 VP l 8 NP 2. This is simple and used for dialogue.
"Excl, 8 DA, 8 Np (s) 8 N T(Pres) he 8 NJ (PN)!" Ex I 8 Ex 2
8 NP l 8 VP l 8 NP 3. This Is simple and used for dialogue.
Np (S) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 to Vt Np NV (DD) 8 P D D N, 8 c Np (S)
8 Vt T(Past) 8 Np (no) 8 AV c Vi T(Past) AN 8 P o N 8 P N, 8
Vi-ing c Vt-ing D N. NP l 8 VP l 8 NP 2 8 PP I 8 NP 3 8 VP 2
8 NP h 8 VP 2 (cont.) 8 PP 2 8 PP 3 8 NP 3 (cont.). This is
a compound sentence used for narration.
Np (S) 8 Vi T(Past) 8 P (del) D N, 8 c NV Vt T(Past) 8 Np (DD)
8 P o N, 8 c Vt T(Past) 8 Np (no) Vt to Vt o N N N. NP I 8
VP I 8 PP I 8 VP I (cont.) 8 NP 2 8 PP 2 8 VP I (cont.) 8 NP 3.
This is a simple sentence used for narration.
s Np Vt T(Past) o I, 8 Np (s) 8 Av Vi T(Past), 8 s s o I have
T(Past) Vt-en Np, 8 6 Vi T(Past) 8 P o N 8 VI-Ing NV 8 P o N.
S-cl I 8 NP I 8 VP I 8 S-cl 2 8 VP I (cont.) 8 PP I 8

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(cont.) VP l (cont.) 8 PP 2. This is a complex sentence used
for narration.
Np (S) 8 be T(Past) 8 Nj (PN) to Vt Np 8 P N; 8 Np (S) 8 Vt
T(Pres) 8 S Np Vt T(Past) D Q,AJ N. NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 PP I
8 NP 3 8 VP 2 8 S-cl I (DO). This is a compound-complex
sentence used for narration.
Np (s) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 Np (DO) 8 P N, 8 c Vt T(Past) 8 o N (no),
8 AV 8 C P A] N. NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 PP I 8 VP I (cont.) 8
NP 3 8 VP I (cont.) 8 PP 2. This is a simple sentence used
for narration.
S Np N T(Past) have Av Vt-en NJ N 8 P D NJ N 8 P D Nj-Aj N 8
P N c N, 8 P 0 NJ N c N 8 P N, 8 VI T(Past) 8 P N 8 N (no) a
8 P D A] N, C N; 8 C S N Vt T(Past) N 8 P Np's C Vt-Ing C
Vt-ing Np o N, 8 c P Np's Vt-Ing Np 8 P 0 NJ N, 8 P o N, 8 P
D N 8 P N N, 8 C VI-Ing 8 P D N-N C D A] N-N 8 P N 8 R, 8 P
D N 8 P D N, 8 Vt T(Pres) D A] N 8 P N C N 8 P 0 AJ N,--8 S
8 P Np c o N 8 Np Vt T(Past) c N c N 8 P Np, 8 Np (s) 8 Vt
T(Past) 8 to Vt (Do) 8 s Np have T(Past) NV Vt-en Np, 8 c 5,
AV 8 P Vtuing NJ I 8 P D N, 8 Np have T(Past) NV Vt-en Np.
S-cl I (S) 8 PP I 8 PP 2 8 PP 3 8 PP N 8 PP 5 8 VP I 8 PP 5
8 IP I 8 PP 7 8 S-CI 2 8 PP 8 8 PP 9 8 PP I0 8 PP II 8 PP I2
8 PP I3 8 PP 9 (cont.) 8 PP IN 8 PP l5 8 R-cl I 8 PP l6 8
PP I7 8 R-cl I (cont.) 8 PP I8 8 PP I9 8 S-cl 3 8 PP 20 8
S-cI 3 (cont.) 8 PP 2I 8 NP 2 8 VP 2 8 NP 3 8 S-cI N 8 S-cI 5
8 PP 22 8 PP 23 8 S-cl 5 (cont.). This is a compound-complex

sentence used for reflection and narration.

 

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99
Np (s) 8 have T(Past) 8 0 NJ N (no) 8 s Np have T(Past) Vte-en
Np NJ. NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 S-cl I. This is a couplex
sentence used for reflection.
D N (S) 8 P N 8 be T(Past) VI-Ing 8 P D N, 8 C Expl 8 be
T(Pres) 8 AJ (PN) 8 s, 8 P Vt-lng o N, 8 NP N T(Past) Vt Np
8PDN. NPI8PPI8VPI8PP28EXI8VP-I8NP28
8S-cll(S)8PP38S-cll(cont.)8PP h. Thisis cps-pound-
couples and used for narration and reflection.
N(S),8PDN,8have T(Past)Vte-en8DN(DD)DN(DC),8C
Np(5)8beT(Past)Nv8PDN8NvtoVI8PNp." NPI8
PPI8VPI8NP28NP38VP28PP28VP2(cont.)8PP3.
This is a compound sentence used for narration.
D NJ N (S) 8 be T(Past) 8 to Vt N (PN) 8 P D N 8 P D N N, 8 C
Np(s)8Vt‘r(Pres)8SAJN8PPoND8VtT(Past)NpAva.
NPI8VPl8NP28PPI8PP28NP38VP28S-clI(DO)
8 PP 3 8 S-cI I (cont.). This Is a coepound-coeplex sentence
used for reflection.
NV 8 Np (S) 8 have T(Past) Vtg-en 8 Np (l0) 8 N (DD), 8 C Np
(S) 8 be T(Past) 8 Q,NV NJ C NJ (PN) 8 S Np Vt T(Past) Np.
VP I 8 NP I 8 VP I (cont.) 8 NP 2 8 NP 3 8 NP h 8 VP 2 8 NP 5
8 s-cl I. This is coepound-conplex and used for reflection.
Np (S) 8 be T(Past), 8 P D N, 8 NJ (PN) to Vt NV NJ D NJ N 8
N have T(Past) Vt-en D N Vi 8 P D N, NP I 8 VP l 8 PP I 8
NP 2 8 R-cl I 8 PP 2. This is couples and used for reflection.
Np (s) 8 VI T(Past) NV, 8 P (del) D N, 8 P D N, 8 Vt T(Past) 8
DNJN(DD),8CVtT(Past)8DN(DD). NPI8VPI8PPI8
PP 2 8 VP I (cont.) 8 NP 2 8 VP l (cont.) 8 NP 3. This Is a

 

 

(535) (I
(536) "F

(537) o

(533) II;

(539) o

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(53S) (cont.) simple sentence used for narration.

(536) Np (s) 8 VI T(Past) Av, 8 c s Np Vi T(Past) 8 P (del) c to Vi,
8 0 NJ NJ-N (s) 8 Vi T(Past) Vi-ing 8 P P 0 NJ N, 8 s s Np
have T(Past) NV Vt-en 0 NJ N. NP I 8 VP I 8 S-cl l 8 PP I 8
NP 2 8 VP 2 8 PP 2 8 S-cl 2. This is a compound-complex
sentence used for narration.

(537) D NJ N (S), 8 AV, be T(Past) 8 NJ (PN); 8 C Np (S) 8 Vt
T(Past) 8 D NJ N (DO) 8 C Vt T(Past) 8 D N (DD) 8 P R Np have
T(Past) NV be-en Vi-en. NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 NP 3 8 VP 2 8
NP N 8 VP 2 (cont.) 8 NP 5 8 R-cl I. This is a compound-
complex sentence used for narration.

(538) Np (s) 8 have T(Past) not 8 o A] N (00). NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2.
This is a simple sentence used for eXpositlon.

(539) o N (5), 8 c o N (5)8 P Np, 8 be T(Past) VI-en 8 P 0 NJ N, 8
C P Np 8 VI T(Past) 8 D N (S),--8 D N (S), 8 P N, 8 P D N] N,
--8 Vt-Ing N 8 P N C N C D N 8 P N. NP I 8 NP 2 8 PP I 8 VP I
8PP28PP38VP28NP38NPh8PPh8PPS8NP3(cont.)
8 PP 6 8 PP 7. This is a compound sentence used for
exposition and narration.

(5%) PDN,8PNJ N,8beT(Past)Vi-en8DN(5)8PDN. PPI8
PP 2 8 VP I 8 NP l 8 PP 3. This is a simple sentence used for
exposltlon.

‘5‘”) o N (s), 8 s Np Vi T(Past), 8 be T(Past) not 8 Np (PN) 8 P o N.
NP l 8 S-cl I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 PP I. This is a complex
sentence used for expostion.

(5“2) PDN8Np(S)8VtT(Past)8PDN8DN(DO)8PNJ N;8PD
Np 8 Np (S) 8 have T(Past) Vt-en NV 8 P N 8 Np (DD) 8 P D NJ N,

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(cont.) 8 c be T(Past) 8 P o N 8 P Vt-Ing Np NV 8 P o N. PP I
8 NP I 8 VP I 8 PP 2 8 NP 2 8 PP 3 8 PP h 8 NP 3 8 VP 2 8 PP S
8 NP 8 8 PP 6 8 VP 2 (cont.) 8 PP 7 8 PP 8 8 PP 9. This Is a
compound sentence used for narration.
P 0 NJ N 8 P D N, 8 Vt-Ing o N, 8 be T(Past) Vi-en 8 o s 9 NJ
N (s), 8 P o NJ-NJ N Vt-Ing N-N. PP I 8 PP 2 8 NP I 8 VP I 8
NP l 8 PP 3. This is simple and used for exposition. '
Np (S), Vt-ing D N 8 P N, 8 be T(Past) NV Vi-Ing 8 P D N.
NP I 8 PP I 8 VP I 8 PP 2. This is a simple sentence used
for narration.
AV 8 Np (s) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 D N (no). VP I 8 NP I 8 VP I
(cont.) 8 NP 2. This is simple and used for narration.
o N (s) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 o N (oo)--8 P o N, 8 8 VI T(Past) 8 P
0 NJ N c 9 NJ N. NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 PP I 8 VP I (cont.) 8
PP 2. This is a simple sentence used for narration.
Np (S) 8 NV Vt T(Past) 8 S D N N's N be T(Past) Q,NJ NJ Vi-ing
c Np have T(Past) VI-en, 8 c s 0 NJ I to Vt Np be T(Past) to
Vt Np 8 P Vi-en. NP I 8 VP I 8 chl I (no) 8 S-cI 2 (oo) 8
PP I. This is a complex sentence used for reflection.
Np (s) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 0 NJ N (no), 8 Np (s) 8 VI T(Past) 8 VI
T(Past) c VI T(Past) 8 P o N; 8 c P o N, 8 s 8 AV Np have
T(Past) Vt-en D N's N, 8 Np (S) 8 have T(Past), 8 P I, 8 Vt-en
8 o N (00). NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 NP 3 8 VP 2 8 PP I 8 PP 2 8
S-cl I 8 NP N 8 VP 3 8 PP 3 8 VP 3 (cont.) 8 NP 5. This Is a
compound-complex sentence used for narration.
Np (S) 8 be T(Past) 8 NJ (PN), 8 5 (del) Np VI T(Past); 8 Np
(s) 8 N T(Pres) Vt 8 o N (DD). NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 S-cl I 8

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655)

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I02
(cont.) NP 3 8 VP 2 8 NP h. This is a compound-complex
sentence used for narration.
Np (S) 8 be T(Past) 8 D N (PN) 8 P Np,--8 Np (5) (del) 8 he
(del) T(Past) (del) NV 8 o N (PN), 8 Np (s) 8 VI T(Past) 8 P
DN8RheT(Past)QNJ. NPI8VPI8NP28PPI8NP38
VP 2 8 NP # 8 NP 5 8 VP 3 8 PP 2 8 N-cI I. This Is a
conpound-conplex sentence used for narration.
D N (s) 8 VI: T(Past) 8 o N (no) 8 8 VI T(Past) 8 P NJ I.
NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 VP I (cont.) 8 PP I. This Is a simple
sentence used for narration.
Np (s)8Vt1'(Past)8PoN8$bipeflPastINj8Pol.
NP I 8 VP I 8 PP I 8 S-cl I (DO) 8 PP 2. This Is a couplex
sentence used for reflection.
Np (S) 8 be T(Past) NV 8 D N (PN) 8 P D N, 8 C Np (S) 8 Vt
T(Past) 8 D NJ-NJ II (no) 8 s Np Vt T(Past) Np. NP I 8 VP I
8 NP 2 8 PP I 8 PP 2 8 NP 3 8 VP 2 8 NP N 8 S-cl I. This Is
a conpound-conplex sentence used for reflection.
It: (s) 8 he T(Past) 8 8 NJ, NJ I (PI), 8 PM. NJ, NJ I. 8 P
(deI)DNJNJNJ N.8cP (cl-1H1 N8PDN. NPI8VPI8
NP 2 8 PP I 8 PP 2 8 PP 3 8 PP II. This Is a sinple sentence
used for exposition.
PDN8PDN8~ (s)8VI: T(Past) NV8DNJ NJNJ NJ-N (DD),
8 c Np (s) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 s s N be T(Past) VI-en 8 P N] I. '
PP I 8 PP 2 8 NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 NP 3 8 VP 2 8 s-ci I (so) 8
PP 3. This Is conpound-conplex and used for exposition.
P N's Vt-lns 8 P N 8 s Np be T(Past) s N 8 P N N, 8 Np (s) 8
VI T(Past) NV 8 P D NJ N 8 P N N 88 T(Pres) Q.NV NJ, 8 C

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(cont.) Vt T(Past) 8 P N 8 s N N be T(Past) 0 NJ N. PP I 8
PP 2 8 s-cI I 8 PP 3 8 NP I 8 VP I 8 PP 4 8 R-ci I 8 VP I
(cont.) 8 PP 5 8 S-cl 2 (DO). This is a complex sentence
used for narration.
"Np (S) 8 'be T(Pres) 8 NJ (PN) 8 S Np N T(Pres)'not Vi." 8
Np (S) 8 Vi T(Past) 8 P D N. NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 S-ci I 8
NP 3 8 VP 2 8 PP I. This is a compound-complex sentence used
for dialogue and narration.
"s Np'be T(Pres) 8 P D N 8 to Vt Np. 8 Np (s) 8 have T(Pres)
8 o N (no) 8 P Np.” S-cl I 8 PP I 8 s-cI I (cont.) 8 NP I 8
VP l 8 NP 2 8 PP 2. This is complex and used for dialogue.
”Np (s) 8 'have T(Pres) Vt-en 8 Np (no) 8 P s N 8 c o N (no)
Aj,8RNVbeT(Pres)Aj." NPI8VPI8NP28PPI8NP3‘
8 N-ci I. This is complex and used for dialogue.
Np (S) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 S D N be T(Past) D N. D NJ N. NP I 8
VP l 8 S-cl I (DO). This is complex and used for narration.
Epr 8 be T(Past) NV 8 o N (s), 8 5 (del) Np VI T(Past). 8 P
D NJ N. 8 S D N have T(Past) not be-en Vi-en 8 P D A] N 8 P
NJ NJ N. Ex I 8 VP I 8 NP I 8 s-cI I 8 PP I 8 S-cl 2 (PN) 8
PP 2 8 PP 3. This is complex and used for narration.
sNJN(s)8NthT(Past)8sNNbeT(Past)8N8PN.8c
S Np N T(Past) AV Vt Np 8 P D N. NP I 8 VP I 8 S-cl I (DO) 8
PP I 8 S-cI 2 (DD) 8 PP 2. This is a compiex sentence used
for narration.
"Np (s) 8 'be T(Pres) not 8 o N (PN) 8 P N." 8 Np (s) 8 Vi
T(Past). ”8 c Np (S) 8 Vt T(Pres) 8 Np (DD) 8 P N.” NP l 8
VP I 8 NP 2 8 PP I 8 NP 3 8 VP 2 8 NP h 8 VP 3 8 NP 5 8 PP 2.

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(56“) "I

(565) "‘

(566) I

(567) ,

(568) .

(S69)

(553)
(564)

(565)

(566)

(567)

(568)

(569)

ioh
(cont.) This is a compound sentence used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 8 'be T(Pres) AV 8 AJ AJ N (PN); 8 C Np (S) 8 Vt
T(Pres) 8 S D N N have T(Pres) D N 8 P D N 8 C D N 8 P D N.“
NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 NP 3 8 VP 2 8 S-CI I (DO) 8 PP I 8 S-ci I
(cont.) 8 PP 2. This is a compound-complex sentence used for
dialogue.
“Np (S) 8 'be T(Pres) 8 D N (PN),“ 8 Np (S) 8 Vi T(Past) NV.
NP I 8 VP l 8 NP 2 8 NP 3 8 VP 2. This is a compound sentence
used for dialogue and narration.
o N (s) 8 P o Q,NJ N 8 P R Np have T(Past) Vt-en Np 8 Av VI
T(Past) 8 P o N, 8 c Nv N T(Past) not Vt 8 o N (no); 8 Np (s)
8 N T(Past) not NV Vte 8 Np (00) D NJ N (0c) 8 P N's 8 to Vt
NpAV8PN. NPI8PPI8R-clI8VPI8PP28VPI
(cont.) 8 NP 2 8 NP 3 8 VP 2 8 NP N 8 PP 3 8 NP N (cont.) 8
PP h. This is a compound-complex sentence used for exposition
and reflection.
Np (s) 8 he T(Past) 8 NJ (PN), 8 c 8 NJ N (s) 8 be T(Past) 8
D N (PN). NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 NP 3 8 VP 2 8 NP N. This is
a compound sentence used for exposition.
"Np (s)8have T(Past)8oNJ N (so)8PNp,"8Np (s)8VI
T(Past); "8 Expi 8 be T(Pres) 8 P D N 8 S Np have T(Pres)
be-en NJ 8 P not Vt-lng Np 8 P D N." NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8
PP I 8 NP 3 8 VP 2 8 Ex I 8 VP 3 8 PP 2 8 s-cI I (s) 8 PP 3
8 PP h. This is compound-compiex and used for dialogue.
“Nave T(Pres) 8 Np (s) 8 Vt-en 8 NP (80)?" VP I 8 NP I 8
VP I (cont.) 8 NP 2. This is a simple sentence used for

dialogue.

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(573) l

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(575) H

(576) ..

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"Be T(Pres) 8 Np (s) 8 Av 8 A] (PN)?" VP I 8 NP I 8 VP I
(cont.) 8 NP 2. This is simple and used for dialogue.
“Np (S) (del) 8 be (dei) T(Pres) (del) 8 Nj (PN)!" NP i 8
VP i 8 NP 2. This is simple and used for dialogue.
"N (S) 8 Vi T(Pres)!" 8 Vi T(Past) 8 N (S), 8 P NJ N. NP l
8 VP I 8 VP 2 8 NP 2 8 PP I. This is a compound sentence
used for dialogue and narration.
o N (s) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 o A] N (no), 8 c Vt T(Past) 8 Np (no)
8 P not have-ing be-en to Vt Np. NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 VP I
(cont.) 8 NP 3 8 PP i. This is simple and used for narration.
Np (s) 8 Vi T(Past) 8 P (dei) D~N; 8 Av 8'Np (s) 8 Vi T(Past)
0 NJ N 8 Vi T(Past). NP I 8 VP I 8 PP I 8 VP 2 8 NP 2 8 VP 2
(cont.). This is a compound sentence used for narration.
“Np (S) 8 Vi T(Pres) to Vt Np--8 P N!" NP l 8 VP I 8 PP I.
This is a simple sentence used for dialogue.
"C Expi 8 N T(Past) not be 8 D Np (PN) 8 P Np 8 to Vi (S) 8 P
Np. 8 5, AV Np N T(Pres) Av Vte Np D N 8 P A] N." Ex I 8 VP I
8 NP l 8 PP l 8 NP 2 8 PP 2 8 S-cI i 8 PP 3. This is a
complex sentence used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 8 have T(Pres) 8 D AJ N (DD) 8 P Np," 8 Np (S) 8 VI
T(Past). NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 PP I 8 NP 3 8 VP 2. This is
a compound sentence used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 8 N T(Past) have he-en Vi-en 8 P D N." NP I 8 VP i
8 PP I. This is a simple sentence used for dialogue.
Np (s) 8 VI T(Past) 8 P Np 8 P (dei) o N 8 Av. NP I 8 VP I
8 PP i 8 PP 2 8 VP i (cont.). This is a simple sentence used

for narration.

 

(530) '

(531) ‘

(582) I

(584) .1

(587) ..I

(530)

(581)

(582)

(583 )

(581-8)

(585)

(586)

(587 )

I06
"Np (S) (del) 8 have (dei) T(Pres) (del) 8 D N (DO) 8 S Np N
(dei) T(Pres) (del).” NP i 8 VP l 8 NP 2 8 S-cl I. This is
a complex sentence used for dialogue.
"Np (5) (del) 8 Vt T(Pres) 8 Np (00)!" NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2.
This is a simple sentence used for dialogue.
P N 8 Np (S) 8 Vi T(Past) 8 P D D N 8 P D N, 8 c D NJ N (S)
8 Av Vt T(Past) 8 S Np have T(Past) Vt-en D N 8 P Np 8 P D Aj
N, 8 C S, N not have-ing Vi-en, Np Vt T(Past) 8 5 (del) Np
have T(Past) Vt-en D N 8 P Np. PP I 8 NP l 8 VP l 8 PP 2 8
PP 3 8 NP 2 8 VP 2 8 s-cI I (DO) 8 PP h 8 PP 5 8 s-cl 2 (no)
8 S-cl 3 8 PP 6. This is a compound-complex sentence used
for narration.
"Np (s) 8 N T(Past) be 8 o N (PN) 8 P 0 NJ N, 8 Np (s) 8 N
T(Pres) Vtg 8 Np (i0) 8 Np (00),” 8 Np (S) 8 Vi T(Past). NP I
8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 PP I 8 NP 3 8 VP 2 8 NP 8 8 NP 5 8 NP 6 8 VP 3.
This is a compound sentence used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 8 have T(Pres) Vi to Vt Np D N 8 P N." NP I 8 VP I 8
PP I. This is a simple sentence used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 8 be T(Pres) 8 D A] N (PN)!" NP i 8 VP I 8 NP 2.
This Is a simple sentence used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 8 Vt T(Pres) 8 Np (DO) 8 Q,Av 8 S Np N (del) T(Pres)
(del)." NP i 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 VP i (cont.) 8 S-cI i. This is
a complex sentence used for dialogue.
"Np (s) 8 N T(Pres)'not Vt 8 to Vt Np (no), 8 c to Vt Np
(00)," 8 Np (s) 8 VI T(Past). NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 NP 3 8

NP h 8 VP 2. This is compound and used for dialogue.

 

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(590)

(591)

(592)

(593)

(594)

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(592)

(593)

(5918)

(595)

(596 )

I07
"Np (s) 8 'be T(Pres) 8 o N (PN)!" NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2. This
is a simple sentence used for dialogue.
"AV, 8 Np (s) 8 VI T(Pres) 8 P Np 8 0 NJ (PN)--" VP I 8 NP I
8 VP I (cont.) 8 PP I 8 NP 2. This Is a simple sentence used
for dialogue.
c Np (s) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 o N (no) 8 c Vt T(Past) 8 o N (00) 8
P o N. NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 VP I (cont.) 8 NP 3 8 PP I.
This is a simple sentence used for narration.
N(S)8ViT(Past)8PDN8P(deI)DN.8PPPN. NPI8
VP I 8 PP i 8 PP 2 8 PP 3. This is a simple sentence used
for narration.
Np (S) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 Np (DO) 8 P Vt-Ing D N, 8 S Np Vt
T(Past) o N NV. NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 PP I 8 S-cI I. This
is a complex sentence used for narration.
D N (S) 8 AV Vtg T(Past) 8 Np (I0) 8 D Q,Aj AJ N (D0) 8 S N
T(Past) have VI-en NJ to VI 8 P Q,Aj D N. NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2
8 NP 3 8 S-cl i 8 PP I. This Is a complex sentence used for
narration and reflection.
"Expl 8 'he T(Pres) 8 P Np 8 S Np Vt T(Pres) Np!" 8 Np (S) 8
ViT(Past). ExI8VPI8PPI8s-cl I (S)8NPI8VP2.
This is a compound-complex sentence used for dialogue.
"D N (S) 8 have T(Pres) 8 Q,Aj N (DO) 8 P D N." NP i 8 VP l
8 NP 2 8 PP I. This is simple and used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 8 Vi T(Pres) 8 P Np, 8 C Vt T(Pres) 8 Np (DD), 8 C Vt
T(Pres) 8 Np (00)." NP I 8 VP I 8 PP i 8 VP I (cont.) 8 NP 2
8 VP I (cont.) 8 NP 3. This is a simple sentence used for

dialogue.

 

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(599)

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"Np (s) 8 be T(Pres) 8 Q NJ (PN) 8 P 0 NJ N!" NP I 8 VP I 8
NP 2 8 PP I. This is simple and used for dialogue.
"Expl 8 'be T(Pres) 8 D N (S) 8 S Np Vt T(Pres) 8 D NJ N 8 P
NV 8 P D NJ N." Ex I 8 VP i 8 NP l 8 S-cl I (PN) 8 PP I 8
PP 2. This is complex and used for dialogue.
"S Np Vt T(Pres) Np, 8 AV N T(Pres) 8 Np (S) 8 Vt 8 Np (00)?"
S-cI I 8 VP I 8 NP I 8 VP I (cont.) 8 NP 2. This is a complex
sentence used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 8 have T(Pres) 8 0 NJ N (DD)-=8 Excl, 8 Np (S) 8 N
T(Past) to be 8 Nj (PN) to Vt Np--8 S Np Vt T(Pres) D N N: 8
N (s) 8 Vt T(Pres) 8 Np (00):" NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 Ex I 8
NP 3 8 VP 2 8 NP N 8 S-cI I 8 NP 5 8 VP 3 8 NP 6. This is a
compound-complex sentence used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 8 Vt T(Pres) 8 Np (DO) Vt 8 R Np Vi T(Pres), 8 S S S
Np Vte T(Pres) Np NJ." NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 R-cI I 8 S-cI I.
This is a complex sentence used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 8 be T(Pres) 8 Q,Nj (PN) 8 P Np 8 Av, 8 c Np (s) 8 be
T(Pres) not 8 Np (PN) 8 R Vt T(Pres) D N.” NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2
8 PP l 8 VP l (cont.) 8 NP 3 8 VP 2 8 NP 8 8 R-cl I. This is
a compound-complex sentence used for dialogue.
"C Np (S) 8 Vt T(Pres) 8 Np (DO) 8 P (del) D N 8 NV, C Vi
T(Pres) 8 P D N, 8 C Vt T(Pres) 8 Np (DD) VI 8 P Np 8 P D N C'
Np." NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 PP I 8 VP I (cont.) 8 PP 2 8 VP I
(cont.) 8 NP 3 8 PP 3 8 PP h. This is a simple sentence used
for dialogue.
"P D N, 8 S (del) Np N T(Pres) Vt Np 8 P N, 8 Np (S) 8 be
T(Past) 8 NJ (PN) Vi-Ing Av NV." PP I 8 S-cI I 8 PP 2 8 NP I

 

 

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(cont.) 8 VP I 8 NP 2. This is complex and used for dialogue.
"c Np (s) 8 'be T(Pres) not Nv 8 NJ (PN), 8 Exci!" NP I 8
VP I 8 NP 2 8 Ex I. This is simple and used for dialogue.
"Np (s) 8 VI T(Pres) AV 8 P o N 8 P Vt-lng o N, 8 8 NV 8 Np
(S) 8 Vi T(Pres) NV, 8 P Vi-Ing, 8 P N C N, 8 C P (del) N C N,
8 C P (del) D NJ N 8 R be T(Pres) Np Q,NJ N 8 P Np.“ NP I 8
VP I 8 PP I 8 PP 2 8 VP 2 8 NP 2 8 VP 2 (cont.) 8 PP 3 8 PP h
8 PP 5 8 PP 6 8 R-cI I 8 PP 7. This is a compound-complex
sentence used for dialogue.
“Np (S) 8 Vt T(Pres) 8 Np (D0) to Vt 8 S Np have T(Pres) NV
Vt-en D N 8 P Np 8 R Np N T(Past)'not Av Vi NV." NP I 8 VP I
8 NP 2 8 S-cl l 8 PP I 8 R-ci I. This is a complex sentence
used for dialogue.
"Np (s) 8 N T(Pres) be 8 0 NJ NJ (PN), 8 c Np (s) 8 'be
T(Pres) 8 Np (PN) 8 P D N." NP l 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 NP 3 8 VP 2
8 NP h 8 PP I. This Is compound and used for dialogue.
"Excl!" 8 VI T(Past) 8 o N (s), “8 o N (s) 8 be T(Past) 8 o 8
DNj NJ (PN)!" Ex I 8VP I 8 NP I 8NP28VP28 NP 2(cont.)
8 NP 3. This Is compound and used for dialogue.
N (s), 8 5 (del) Np VI T(Past), 8 Vt T(Past) 8 N (no) 8 P o N
NJ 8 c Np (s) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 N (no) 8 P Np 8 to Vt NJ N's D N
VI Q,NJ 8 P 0 NJ N. NP I 8 S-cl I 8 VP l 8 NP 2 8 PP i 8 NP 3
8 VP 2 8 NP h 8 PP 2 8 NP N (cont.) 8 PP 3. This is a
compound-complex sentence used for reflection.
"Expi 8 'be T(Pres) 8 D NJ N (S), 8 NV,“ 8 Np (S) 8 Vi T(Past)
NV, "8 to have 0 D N (PN) 8 P 0 NJ N,--8 D N 8 N'be T(Pres) NJ

CDNCNJCDN.“ ExI8VPI8NPI8VPI (cont.)8NP28

 

 

 

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(cont.) VP 2 8 NP 3 8 PP i 8 NP 3 (cont.) 8 R-ci I. This is
a compound-complex sentence used for dialogue.
Np (S) 8 Vi T(Past) 8 P D N, 8 R Vt T(Past) 0 NJ N, Vt T(Past)
D N 8 P D N, 8 C Vi T(Past) 8 P 0 NJ N. NP I 8 VP l 8 PP l 8
R-ci I 8 PP 2 8 R-cl I (cont.) 8 PP 3. This is a complex
sentence used for narration.
Be T(Past) 8 Ng,($) 8 A] C D N (PN)? VP I 8 NP I 8 NP 2.
This is a simple sentence used for reflection.
"c Np (DO) 8 N T(Pres) 8 Np (S) 8 have?" 8 N (S) 8 Vi T(Past).
NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 VP I (cont.) 8 NP 3 8 VP 2. This Is a
compound sentence used for dialogue.
“P D NJ N 8 Np (S) 8 N T(Pres)'not Vt 8 Q,Nj N (DO); 8 Np (S)
8 N T(Pres) Vt 8 R Vi T(Pres) 8 c Vt 8 R Np Vi T(Pres)." PP I
8NPI8VP I 8NP28NP38VP28R-ci I (DO)8VP2(cont.)
8 R-cI 2 (DD). This is a compound-complex sentence used for
dialogue.
"Np (S) 8 'have T(Pres) Vt-en 8 0 NJ N (00) 8 P D N, 8 C Np
(s) 8 N T(Pres) Vt 8 s, 8 P o N 8 P N, 8 DA, 8 Np'have T(Pres)
not Vi to Vt Np 8 P Np!" NP l 8 VP l 8 NP 2 8 PP I 8 NP 3 8
VP 2 8 S-cI i (00) 8 PP 2 8 PP 3 8 Ex I 8 S-cl I (cont.) 8
PP h. This is compound-complex and used for dialogue.
Np (s) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 Np (no) 8 s Np have T(Past) o o N. 8 c
S Np N T(Past) NV Vt Vt-ing N N's N C N. NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2
8 S-cl I 8 S-cI 2. This is complex and used for narration.
PDN,8Np (S)8beT(Past)8Nj (PN)8PNp,8CNp (s)8N
T(Past) NV Vi 8 P N 8 P Np. PP l 8 NP i 8 VP l 8 NP 2 8 PP 2

8 NP 3 8 VP 2 8 PP 3 8 PP N. This Is a compound sentence used

 

 

 

(MB)

(619)

(620)

(621)

(622)

(623)

(6M)

III

(6l8) (cont.) for narration.

(6I9) Np (s) 8 Vtg T(Past) 8 Np (l0) 8 o N (no) 8 c 0 NJ N (no) 8 P
D N 8 P D D-N. NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 NP 3 8 NP 4 8 PP I 8 PP 2.
This is a simple sentence used for narration.

(£520) Np (S) 8 have T(Past) not be-en 8 P Np, 8 P D N; 8 NV 5 Np be
T(Past) NJ 8 P Vt-ing Np, 8 S Np have T(Past) NV Vt-en D D N 8
P D N. NP I 8 VP I 8 PP I 8 PP 2 8 S-cl I 8 PP 3 8 S-cI 2 8
PP h. This is complex and used for narration.

(62l) "lb (5) 8 N T(Past) have Vt-en 8 D N (00)!" 8 Np (S) 8 Vt
T(Past)8toVi (00). NP I 8VP I 8NP28NP38VP28
NP h. This is a compound sentence used for dialogue.

(622) "Excl," 8 Vi T(Past) 8 o N (s), "8 Np (5)8 Vt T(Pres) 8 o N
N (00), 8 C Np (S) 8 H T(Past)'not Vt 8 Np (00)." Ex I 8 VP I
8 NP I 8 NP 2 8 VP 2 8 NP 3 8 NP h 8 VP 3 8 NP 5. This Is a
compound sentence used for dialogue.

(623) c NV, NV, 8 P o N 8 P o N, 8 Np (5) (del) 8 Vi (del) T(Past)
(del), "8 lb (S) 8 'be T(Pres) 8 D N (PN):" VP l 8 PP I 8
PP 2 8 NP I 8 VP I (cont.) 8 NP 2 8 VP 2 8 NP 3. Thls Is a
compound sentence used for narration and dialogue.

(62h) Np (s) 8 be T(Past) Nv to v:, 8 P o N 8 R Np N T(Past) Vt o N
N 8 P D N's N. 8 S D N, 8 R have T(Past) VI-en 8 P N 8 C Vt-en
D N NV 8 P D N, 8 Vt T(Past) Np Nv 8 P D N, 8 C Vt T(Past) Np
8 P D N 8 P N. NP I 8 VP I 8 PP I 8 R-cl I 8 PP 2 8 S-cI I 8
8 N-cl 2 8 PP 3 8 R-cl 2 (cont.) 8 PP h 8 S-cl l (cont.) 8
PP 5 8 S-cl I (cont.) 8 PP 6 8 PP 7. This is a complex

sentence used for narration.

(625)

(626)

(627)

(628)

(629)

(630)

(631)

(632)

IIZ
"Np (S) 8 Vt T(Pres) 8 P D N, 8 DA, 8 S Np be T(Pres) D N 8 P
D N." NP I 8 VP I 8 PP I 8 Ex I 8 S-cI I (DO) 8 PP 2. This
is a complex sentence used for dialogue.
"Np (5) (del) 8 Vt T(Pres) 8 Np (DD) to Vt D NJ N 8 P D NJ N
8 P D D N." NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 PP I 8 PP 2. This Is a
simple sentence used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 8 be T(Pres) 8 Av-Aj (PN), 8 NJ (PN) 8 P D N, 8 C have
Av be-en VI-en 8 P N.” NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 NP 3 8 PP I 8
VP l (cont.) 8 PP I. This is simple and used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 8 have T(Pres) Vt-en 8 Np (DO) 8 AV to Vt D N 8 P D
NJ N, 8 R be T(Pres) D NJ N, 8 P N 8 5 (del) Np N T(Pres) Vi
8 P D N." NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 VP I (cont.) 8 PP I 8 R-cI l
8 PP 2 8 S-cl I 8 PP 3. This Is complex and used for dialogue.
“Np (S) 8 be T(Pres) 8 D N (PN) 8 P D Nj N 8 P N,--8 P N, N,
N, Np." NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 PP I 8 PP 2 8 PP 3. ThIs Is a
simple sentence used for dialogue.
"Np (S) (dei) 8 Vt T(Pres) 8 Np (DO), 8 Np (S) 8 Vt T(Pres) 8
Np (DO); 8 NP (5) (del) 8 Vt T(Pres) 8 Np (DO); 8 Np (S) 8 VI
T(Pres)'not VI." NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 NP 3 8 VP 2 8 NP II 8
NP 5 8 VP 3 8 NP 6 8 NP 7 8 VP 8. This is a compound sentence
used for dialogue.
"NJ 5 Np Vl T(Pres), 8 Epr 8 be T(Pres) 8 NJ (PN) 8 5 (del)
Np N T(Past) Vi!" S-cI I 8 Ex I 8 VP I 8 NP I 8 S-cI 2 (s).
This is a complex sentence used for dialogue.
"D D N (S) 8 have T(Pres) Vi-en 8 P NJ N." NP l 8 VP I 8 PP I.

This Is a simple sentence used for dialogue.

 

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(638)

(639)

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"Np (S) 8 be T(Pres) Nv Vi-en 8 P N." NP I 8 VP I 8 PP I.
This is a simple sentence used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 8 have T(Pres) Vt-en 8 Np (DO) 8 D P N,--8 P N, N, NE"
NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 PP l 8 PP 2. This is a simple sentence
used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 8 N T(Pres) have Vt-en 8 D NJ N (DO) 8 P N, 8 P D N,
8 P D N 8 P R Np Vt T(Pres) D N.” NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 PP I
8 PP 2 8 PP 3 8 R-cl I. This is complex and used for dialogue.
"Expl 8 be T(Pres) NV 8 D N (S) 8 P D N." Ex I 8 VP I 8 NP I
8 PP I. This is a simple sentence used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 8 Vt T(Pres) 8 D Q,Nj N (00) 8 P D NJ-N 8 P 0 NJ NJ N,
8 P D N 8 P D NJ N." NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 PP l 8 PP 2 8 PP 3
8 PP h. This is a simple sentence used for dialogue.
”Np (s) 8 N T(Past)'not Vt 8 D Aj N (no) 8 P D N 8 P R Np Vt
T(Past) to Vt 0 NJ N." NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 PP I 8 R-cl I.
This is a complex sentence used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 8 be T(Pres) not 8 Nj N (PN), 8 DA, 8 P N; 8 C, P Np,
8 be T(Pres)'not 8 NJ N (S) 8 NV 8 D D N (PN)?" NP l 8 VP l
8 NP 2 8 Ex I 8 PP I 8 PP 2 8 VP 2 8 NP 3 8 VP 2 (cont.) 8
NP h. This is a compound sentence used for dialogue.
"N (S), 8 N (S), 8 Q,N (S), 8 S D N Vi T(Pres), 8 have T(Pres)
NV be-en VI-en 8 P N, 8 P D N C N." NP’I 8 NP 2 8 NP 3 8
S-cI l 8 VP I 8 PP I 8 PP 2. This is a complex sentence
used for dialogue.
"NV, 8 Expl 8 have T(Pres) be-en 8 D N (S) 8 to Vt Np 8 P N."
VP l 8 Ex I 8 VP l (cont.) 8 NP l 8 NP 2 8 PP I. This is a

simple sentence used for dialogue.

 

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"P o N 8 Np (s) 8 have T(Pres) Vt-Fen 8 8 NJ Nj N (no) 8 a Np
N T(Pres) Vt Np not to Vi." PP I 8 NP l 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8
R-cI I. This is a complex sentence used for dialogue.
"Np (s) 8 'be T(Pres) 8 o N (PN), 8 DNI" NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2
8 Ex I. This is a simple sentence used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 8 'be T(Pres) 8 C N] (PN), 8 5 (del) Np Vi T(Pres), 8
C N, 8 C C C NJ (PN) C N!" NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 S-cI I 8 NP 2
(cont.) 8 NP 3. This is complex and used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 8 Av Vt T(Pres) 8 S Np NV Vt T(Pres) Np C C 8 P D NU
N 8 P A] N 8 C P D D N 8 P N 8 P D N,--8 P (del) 0 N." NP I
8 VP I 8 S-CI I (DO) 8 PP I 8 PP 2 8 PP 3 8 PP N 8 PP 5 8 PP 6.
This is a complex sentence used for dialogue.
"Np (DO) 8 N T(Pres) 8 Np (S) 8 VI 8 P D N, 8 DA?" NP I 8
VP I 8 NP 2 8 VP I (cont.) 8 PP I 8 Ex I. This is a simple
sentence used for dialogue.
"D N (S) 8 be T(Pres) 8 NJ (PN); 8 N T(Pres) 8 Np (S) 8 Vt 8
Np (DO) 8 P NJ?" NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 VP 2 8 NP 3 8 VP 2
(cont.) 8 NP N 8 PP I. This is compound and used for dialogue.
"N C N (PN),--8 N C N (PN),--8 D Nj N (S) 8 he T(Pres) NV!"
NP I 8 NP 2 8 NP 3 8 VP I. This is a simple sentence used
for dialogue.
"NJ N (no), 8 P N, 8 Np (s) 8 Vt T(Pres) 8 VI-en 8 P D N 8

P D N!" NP I 8 PP I 8 NP 2 8 VP I 8 NP l (cont.) 8 PP 2 8

.PP 3. This is a simpie sentence used for dialogue.

"To Vt N C N (S), 8 DA, 8 have T(Pres) be-en 8 D NJ N (00).".
NP I 8 Ex I 8 VP I 8,NP 2. This is a simple sentence used

for dialogue.

 

 

(651)

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"Np (S) 8 Vt T(Pres) 8 Np (DO) 8 S Np have T(Pres) not Nv
Vi-en.” NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 S-cl I. This is a complex
sentence used for dialogue.
s D N] N 8 P D NJ-N 8 Vt T(Past) Np 8 P D NJ N, 8 Np (s) 8
Vt T(Past) NV 8 D N] N (DD) 8 AV 8 P D N, 8 Vt T(Past) 8 Np
(DO) 8 NV, Vt T(Past) 8 Np (Do) 8 Av, Vt T(Past) 8 Np (DO) 8
P D N, 8 c Vt T(Past) 8 P Np 8 NV 8 P D N 8 P D N. s-cI I 8
PP I 8 S-cl I (cont.) 8 PP 2 8 NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 VP I
(cont.) 8 PP 3 8 VP I (cont.) 8 NP 3 8 VP I (cont.) 8 NP 8 8
VPI (cont.)8NP58PPl-I8VPI (cont.)8PPS8VPI
(cont.) 8 PP 6 8 PP 7. This is a complex sentence used for
narration.
Np (S) 8 Vi T(Past) NV 8 P D N C D N, AV NJ, 8 P D NV NJ N.
NP l 8 VP I 8 PP l 8 PP 2. This is a simple sentence used
for exposition.
Np (s) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 D D N (no) 8 P N, 8 c Vt T(Past) NV 8 D
N] N (DD) 8 P R, 8 P N] N, 8 N T(Pres) be Vt-en N C N; 8 C Np
(S) 8 be T(Past) 8 Av NJ C N] (PN), 8 C be T(Past) 8 P N 8 Q
N] N C N (PN) 8 C Q,Nj N C N (PN). NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 PP I
8 VP I (cont.) 8 NP 3 8 N-cI I 8 PP 2 8 R-cl I (cont.) 8 NP h
8 VP 2 8 NP 5 8 VP 2 (cont.) 8 PP 3 8 NP 6 8 NP 7. This is a
compound-complex sentence used for exposition.
Np (s) 8 Vt T(Pres), Nv, 8 s Np VI T(Past) to Vt Np. NP I 8
VP I 8 S-ci I (DO). This is complex and used for reflection.
Np (s) 8 be T(Past) Av not 8 P D N to Vt Np, 8 c Np (s) 8 VI
T(Past) 8 P Np 8 NV N] C Nj (PN). NP I 8 VP I 8 PP I 8 NP,2

8 VP 2 8 PP 2 8 NP 3. This Is compound and used for reflection.

 

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II6
D Nj N (s) 8 be T(Past) 8 Nj (PN). NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2. This
is a simple sentence used for reflection.
SNpVi T(Past)Av8PDAj Aj N, Vt-lnng8PNCN,8C
Vt-ing Np 8 P D A] N. 8 Np (5)8 VI T(Past) 8 P Np 8 D 8 AV
Nj C D NV N] N (PN). S-cI I 8 PP l 8 PP 2 8 PP I (cont.) 8
PP 3 8 NP I 8 VP I 8 PP h 8 NP I (cont.) 8 NP 2. This is a
complex sentence used for reflection.
Np (5)8 Vt T(Past) 8 D Aj N (no), 8 Av, 8 c Np (s) 8 Vt
T(Past) 8 D N (DD). NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 VP I (cont.) 8 NP 3
8 VP 2 8 NP h. This is compound and used for narration.
“D N (S) 8 be T(Pres) Vi-en 8 P N!" NP I 8 VP I 8 PP I.
This is a simple sentence used for dialogue.
"Np (s) 8 have T(Pres) 8 D A] N (DO) 8 P N 8 R N Np VI T(Pres)
8 P D N." NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 PP I 8 R-cl I 8 PP 2. This Is
a complex sentence used for dialogue.
“P P D N, 8 Np (S) 8 have T(Pres) NV to Vi 8 P P N's D N!"
This is a simple sentence used for dialogue.
"S Np have T(Pres) Vt-en to Vtaen D NJ NJ N, 8 Np (S) 8 have
T(Pres) Vt-en 8 D NJ N (00)." S-cl I 8 NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2.
This is a complex sentence used for dialogue.
"Vi-ing, DA, 8 P D N 8 P N, 8 Np (5)8 N T(Pres) Vt 8 s D N]
N be T(Pres) not 8 P D N 8 P D N ." NP I 8 Ex I 8 PP I 8 PP 2
8 NP I (cont.) 8 VP I 8 S-cl I (DO) 8 PP 3 8 PP h. This is a
complex sentence used for dialogue.
"Excl, 8 Np (S) 8 N T(Pres)'not Vt 8 S D N C N Vt T(Pres) Np,
8 C S Np'be T(Pres) Np 8 R Vt T(Pres) Np." Ex I 8 NP I 8 VP I

8 S-cI I (DO) 8 S-cl 2 (D0) 8 R-cI I. This is a complex

ILA-.53

 

(665)
(see)

(667)

(668)

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(670]

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II7

(665) (cont.) sentence used for dialogue.

(666) lb (5) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 Np (Do) 8 P D N, 8 c Np (S) 8 VI
T(Past): "8 Np (S) 8 N T(Pres) Vtg 8 Np (I0) 8 D N (DD) to
Vt 8 S Np have T(Pres) Vt-en D N 8 P N." NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2
8 PP I 8 NP 3 8 VP 2 8 NP h 8 VP 3 8 NP 5 8 NP 6 8 S-cl I 8
PP 2. This is a compound-complex sentence used for narration
and dialogue.

(667) "Excl, 8 It: (s) 8 be T(Past) Vi-en, 8 DA:" Ex I 8 NP I 8 VP I
8 Ex 2. This is a simple sentence used for dialogue.

(668) "Np (S) 8 haVe T(Pres) be-en 8 NJ (PN), 8 C not 8 Q,NJ (PN)--
8 Excl?" NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 VP I (cont.) 8 NP 3 8 Ex I.
This is a simple sentence used for dialogue.

(669) "IN: (S) (del) 8 be (del) T(Pres) (del) NV 8 D N (PN), 8 S
(del) Np VI T(Pres)!” NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 S-cl I. This
Is a complex sentence used for dialogue.

(670) "Np (S) 8 N T(Pres) Vt 8 Q N] V Q NJ (00) 8 S lb Vi T(Pres)."
NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 S-cl I. This is a complex sentence used
for dialogue.

(67I) "9 N] N (s), 8 NV, be T(Pres) 8 o N (PN) 8 P D N." NP I 8
VP 2 8 NP 2 8 PP I. This is simple and used for dialogue.

(672) "s Np N T(Pres) Vt Np 8 P D N 8 P o N, 8 Np (s) 8 Vt T(Pres)
8 s Np N T(Pres) Vt 8 s o N be T(Pres) QNJ." S-cl I8 PP I
8 PP 2 8 NP I 8 VP I 8 S-cI 2 (DO) 8 S-cI 3. This is a
complex sentence used for dialogue.

(573) "Np (s) 8 NV Vt T(Pres) 8 N (no) 8 P N." NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2

8 PP I. This Is simple and used for dialogue.

 

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II8
"Np (s) 8 have T(Pres) Av 8 D NJ N (DD),--8 D N (DD) 8 P D N
8 P N, 8 DN,--8 R Np N T(Past) Vt to VI Vi-en." NP I 8 VP I
8 NP 2 8 NP 3 8 PP I 8 PP 2 8 Ex I 8 R-cl I. This is a
complex sentence used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 8 N T(Pres) Vt 8 to Vt Np Av (DO) 8 P D N; 8 Np (S) 8
N T(Pres) be 8 Q,NJ (PN) 8 S Np Vi T(Pres)!" NP I 8 VP I 8
NP 2 8 PP I 8 NP 3 8 VP 2 8 NP 8 8 S-cl I. This is a
compound-complex sentence used for dialogue.
"Np (S) (del) 8 Vt T(Pres) 8 Np (Do) to Vt Np 8 P D N, 8 c to
Vt Np 8 S D N be T(Pres) NJ." NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 PP I 8
NP 2 (cont.) 8 S-cI I. This is complex and used for dialogue.
"Expl (del) 8 be (del) T(Pres) (del) NV 8 D N (S) 8 P D NJ N
8 P Np." Ex I 8 VP I 8 NP I 8 PP I 8 PP 2. This Is a simple
sentence used for dialogue.
"D N (S) 8 be T(Pres) 8 C NJ C NJ (PN)--8 NV NJ (PN), 8 DN,--
8 C, P Np, 8 Np (S) 8 Vt T(Pres) 8 S (del) Np be T(Pres) Q
NJ!" NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 NP 3 8 Ex I 8 PP I 8 NP N 8 VP 2
8 S-cl I (DO). This Is a compound-complex sentence used for
dialogue.
S Np Vt T(Past) D N, 8 Np (S) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 P N N, 8 Vt-Ing
8 S Np have T(Past) D N 8 P N. S-cl I 8 NP I 8 VP I 8 PP I 8
NP I (cont.) 8 S-eI 2 8 PP 2. This Is a complex sentence
used for narration.
Np (S) 8 have T(Past) Vt-en NV 8 Np (DD) 8 P D NJ I 8 C be
T(Past) Av Vt-lng 8 Np (D0) 8 P D NJ I. NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2
8 PP I 8 VP I (cont.) 8 NP 3 8 PP 2. This Is a simple

sentence used for narration.

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R Np have T(Past) NV Vi-en C Viaen 8 have T(Past) NV Vt-en 8
D NJ N (DD) 8 P D NJ N, 8 S Np Vt T(Past) D NJ N, C Vt T(Past)
DNNV8PDNNJ8PDNJ N. R-cII(S)8VPI8NPI8PPI
8 S-cl I 8 PP 2 8 PP 3. This is a complex sentence used for
narration.
Np(S)8beT(Past)8PDNJN8PDNJN8PDN,8CVt
T(Past) 8 D A] C NJ N (DO). NP I 8 VP I 8 PP I 8 PP 2 8 PP 3
8 VP I (cont.) 8 NP 2. This is a simple sentence used for
exposition.
D NJ N (S) 8 P D N, 8 P D Vining 8 P N, 8 Vt T(Past) 8 Np (D0)
8 NV 8 P D NJ N C D N 8 P N 8 P D NJ N have-ing D N. NP I 8
PP I 8 PP 2 8 PP 3 8 VP l 8 NP 2 8 VP I (cont.) 8 PP N 8 PP 5
8 PP 6. This is simple and used for narration.
D N (S) 8 Vi T(Past) to Vi 8VP D D N 8 P D N 8 P D N. NP I 8
VP I 8 PP I 8 PP 2 8 PP 3. This is a simple sentence used
for exposition.
P Vt-ing D N 8 P D N, 8 Np (S) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 D N (D0), 8
Vt-ing 8 S Np be T(Past) NJ; 8 S S Expl Vtg T(Past) Np D N
to Vt Np Vi=ing NV NJ C NJ. PP l 8 PP 2 8 NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2
8 NP l (cont.) 8 S-cl I 8 S-cl 2. This is a complex sentence
used for narration.
Np (S) 8 be T(Past) Vi-en 8 P D D N, 8 Vt-lng D N 8 N Vt
T(Past) D NJ N. NP l 8 VP I 8 PP I 8 NP l (cont.) 8 R-cl I.
This is a complex sentence used for exposition.
P Np's VI-ing, 8 Np (S) 8 Vi T(Past) NV 8 P Np 8 NV, 8 P
Vt-ing D N, 8 R be T(Past) Np 8 P NJ N C N, 8 P (del) D N NV
NJ, 8 P (del) D N NJ 8 P Np, 8 P (del) D N NJ 8 P D N. PP I

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(cont.) 8 NP I 8 VP I 8 PP 2 8 VP I (cont.) 8 PP 3 8 R-cl l 8
8 PP N 8 PP 5 8 PP 6 8 PP 7 8 PP 8 8 PP 9. This is a complex
sentence used for narration and exposition.
Vi-ing 8 P D N, 8 Np (S) 8 VtrT(Past) 8 S D N NV Vt T(Past)
8 P D N. NP I 8 PP I 8 NP I (cont.) 8 VP I 8 S-cl I (Do) 8
PP 2. This Is a complex sentence used for narration and
exposition.
Np (S) 8 be T(Past) 8 NJ, NJ, C NJ (PN), 8 C D NJ C NJ N (S)
8 VI T(Past) 8 P Np 8 P D N 8 P N. NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 NP 3
8 VP 2 8 PP I 8 PP 2 8 PP 3. This is a compound sentence
used for exposition and narration.
Np (S) 8 have T(Past) be-en 8 NJ (PN) 8 S Np N T(Past) Vt Np
8 P NJ N, 8 P D NV NJ N 8 R have T(Past) Vt-en D N 8 P N, 8 C
Np (S) 8 be T(Past) Vi-en to Vt 8 S D N Vt T(Past) D NJ N.
NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 S-cI I 8 PP I 8 PP 2 8 R-cl l 8 PP 3 8
NP 3 8 VP 2 8 S-cl 2. This is a compound-complex sentence
used for reflection.
"N T(Pres)'not 8 Np (S) 8 Vt 8 Np (00)?" 8 Np (S) 8 Vi T(Past),
8 s Np Vt T(Past) Av D N. VP I 8 NP I 8 VP I (cont.) 8 NP 2 8
NP,3 8 VP 2 8 S-cl I. This is a compound-complex sentence
used for dialogue and narration.
"Nave T(Pres) 8 Np (S) 8 NV Vt-en 8 Np (D0)?" VP I 8 NP I
8 VP I (cont.) 8 NP 2. This Is simple and used for dialogue.
Np (S) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 D N (no), 8 Vt T(Past) D N (no) 8 Av,
c Vt T(Past) 8 Np (DD) Vi-ing 8 P D N. NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8
VP I (cont.) 8 NP 3 8 VP I (cont.) 8 NP N 8 PP I. This Is a

simple sentence used for narration.

 

 

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Np (S) 8 Vi T(Past) Q,NV 8 P Np. NP I 8 VP I 8 PP I. This
Is a simple sentence used for exposition.
NJ. NJ, NJ, Np (s) 8 Vt T(Past), 8 P D AJ N, 8 D D NJ N (DD)
8 P NJ N. NP l 8 VP I 8 PP I 8 NP 2 8 PP 2. >Thls Is a
simple sentence used for exposition.
Np (S) 8 be T(Past) 8 N (PN) 8 P N 8 c N (PN),--8 D NJ N (PN)
8 P D N. NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 PP I 8 NP 3 8 NP N 8 PP 2.
This Is a simple sentence used for exposition.
D D N] N (S) C N (S) 8 P D N, 8 D C D NJ N (S) 8 R (del) be
(dei) T(Past) (del) Vi-en Q,Nv 8 C D NJ-NJ NJ-N (S) 8 Vt
T(Past), 8 P D N 8 P D N, 8 D N (DD) 8 P D N. NP I 8 PP I 8
NP 2 8 N-cI I 8 NP 3 8 VP I 8 PP 2 8 PP 3 8 NP N 8 PP N.
This is a complex sentence used for exposition.
D N (S) 8 VI T(Past) Nv 8 P N. NP I 8 VP I 8 PP I. This is
a simple sentence used for exposition.
D D N (S) 8 be T(Past) 8 D N (PN) 8 P D N, 8 R (del) be
T(Past) NV D NJ N. NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 PP I 8 R-cl I.
This is a complex sentence used for exposition.
VI-en s Np be T(Past) 8 P D N, 8 Np (S) 8 be T(Past) 8 NJ
(PN) to Vt D N; 8 c P N, 8 NJ 8 P D NJ N 8 P D N, 8 Np (s) 8
VI T(Past) 8 P N, 8 Av 8 Av. S-cl I 8 PP I 8 NP I 8 VP I 8
NP 2 8 PP 2 8 NP 3 8 PP 3 8 PP N 8 NP 3 (cont.) 8 VP 2 8 PP S
8 VP 2 (cont.). This Is a compound-complex sentence used for
narration.
Np (S) 8 N T(Pres) NV Vt 8 S Np be T(Past) Vi-en 8 P R Np Vi
T(Past),--8 R (dei) be (dei) T(Past) (del) D N 8 N be T(Past)
D NJ NJ N, NJ C NJ 8 P N. NP I 8 VP I 8 S-cl I (DO) 8 N-cl I

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(705)

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I22
(cont.) 8 R-cl 2 8 R-cl 3 8 PP I. This Is a complex sentence
used for narration.
Np (S) 8 be T(Past) 8 D NJ N (PN): NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2. This
is a simple sentence used for reflection.
S Np (del) be (del) T(Past) (del) not Vi-en, 8 Np (S) 8 Vt
T(Pres) 8 S (del) Np be T(Past) NV VI-en, 8 C Np (S) 8 Vt
T(Pres) 8 S 8 P D N 8 Np N T(Past) not have Vt-en Np to VI.
S-cl I8NP I 8VP I 8S-cI 2 (DD)8NP28VP28S-cl 3 (DD)
8 PP I 8 S-cl 3 (cont.). This Is a compound-complex sentence
used for reflection.
P N, 8 D N) N (s) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 Np (DD); 8 Np (s) 8 VI
T(Past) C Vi T(Past). C NV VI T(Past) C Vi T(Past) 8 P Np 8
P D NV NJ N. PP I 8 NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 NP 3 8 VP 2 8 PP 2
8 PP 3. This Is compound and used for narration.
Np (S) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 D NJ, NJ N (DD) 8 P D be-Ing N] C Vt-Ing
NCN,8Np (s)8VI T(Past)8NJ (PN)8PDNtthAv8N
have T(Past) NV Vi-en 8 P Np. NP I 8 VP l 8 NP 2 8 PP I 8
NP 3 8 VP 2 8 NP N 8 PP 2 8 N-cl I 8 PP 3. This Is a
compound-complex sentence used for narration.
"Np (S) 8 be T(Past) 8 NJ (PN)," 8 Np (S) 8 VI T(Past) 8 P D
NJ N, "8 Np (s) 8 'be T(Pres) 8 D N (PN)!" NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2
8NP38VP28PP I 8NPN8VP38NP5. This Isacempound
sentence used for dialogue and exposition.
"Np (S) 8 'be T(Pres) 8 D N (PN)!" NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2. This
is a simple sentence used for dialogue.
"Np (s) 8 N T(Pres) Vt 8 N (00) D 8 P D N." NP I 8 VP I 8
NP 2 8 PP I. This is simple and used for dialogue.

 

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(713

(III

(715}

(715)

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(7I3)

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(7I6)
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(7'IIE3:)

l23
"Np (s) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 D N (DD); 8 c, S D N be T(Pres) Aj 8
Np (S) 8 Vtg T(Pres) 8 Np (i0) 8 D N (00)." NP I 8 VP l 8
NP 2 8 S-cl I 8 NP 3 8 VP 2 8 NP N 8 NP 5. This is a
compound-complex sentence used for dialogue.
"NV be T(Pres) 8 Np (5)!" VP I 8 NP I. This Is a simple
sentence used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 8 'have T(Pres) be-en Vl-ing NV 8 P D N, 8 NV P NV 8
P D N, 8 P D N, 8 P D N C N C N." NP I 8 VP I 8 PP I 8 PP 2
8 PP 3 8 PP N 8 PP 5. This is simple and used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 8 N T(Pres) NV Vt 8 D N (D0)!" NP l 8 VP I 8 NP 2.
This Is a simple sentence used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 8 Vt T(Pres) 8 S (del) Np'have T(Pres) C Vi-en C
Vi-en." NP I 8 VP I 8 S-cl I (DO). This Is a complex
sentence used for dialogue.
"Np (S) (dei) 8 VI T(Pres) 8 P D N," 8.Np (S) 8 VI T(Past) NV,
8 S Np Vt T(Past) D N 8 P D NJ N 8 R Np N T(Past) Vt N 8 P Np
8 C VI. NP I 8 VP I 8 PP I 8 NP 2 8 VP 2 8 S-cI I 8 PP 2 8
R-cl l 8 PP 3 8 R-cl I (cont.). This Is a compound-complex
sentence used for dialogue and narration.
"Np (S) 8 be T(Past) 8 to have Vt-en D N (PN)!" NP I 8 VP l
8 NP 2. This is a simple sentence used for dialogue.
"De T(Pres)'not 8 Np (S) 8 D NJ N (PN)?" VP I 8 NP I 8 NP 2.
This Is a simple sentence used for dialogue.
"D N (S) 8 P Np 8 be T(Pres) NV 51," NP I 8 PP I 8 VP I.
This is a simple sentence used for dialogue.
C Np (S) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 D N (DO) 8 P D NJ N 8 N have T(Past)

Vt-en D N NJ. NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 PP I 8 R-cI I. This is

stag..." "" 21:82:!

 

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(721)

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(723 )

(721)

(725)

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(718)
(719)

(720)

(721)

(722)

(723)

(72NI

(725)

(726)

(727)

IZN
(cont.) a complex sentence used for narration.
"Excl 8 Np (S) 8 N T(Past) NV Vt 8 Np (D0) 8 P D N 8 N have
T(Past)DN,DN:"ExlsNP18VPI8NP28PPI8N-clI.
This is a complex sentence used for dialogue.
”S Np'have T(Pres) be-en Vi-Ing NV Vt-ing N 8 P D N, 8 Np (SI
8 'have T(Pres) Vt 8 to Vt (DD) 8 S Np have T(Pres) D N 8 P D
D N." S-cl I 8 PP I 8 NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 S-cI 2 8 PP 2.
This Is a complex sentence used for dialogue.
"C D N (S) 8 be T(Pres) Vi-en NV, 8 C Np (S) 8 'N T(Pres) NV
be VI-en." NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 VP 2. This Is a compouhd
sentence used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 8 NV VI T(Past)!" NP I 8 VP I. This Is a simple
sentence used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 8 VI T(Past) C Vi T(Past) to be NJ to Vi, C Vt T(Past)
8 D N (DD) 8 P N." NP l 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 PP I. This Is a
simple sentence used for dialogue.
"S Np Vt T(Past) 8 S (del) D N be T(Past) VI-Ing, 8 Np (S) 8
be T(Past) VI-Ing." S-cl I 8 S-cl 2 8 NP I 8 VP I. This is
a complex sentence used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 8 'haVe T(Pres) Vt-en 8 Np (DD) D 8 Q,NV." NP I 8
VP I 8 NP 2 8 VP I (cont.). This Is a simple sentence used
for dialogue.
"N (S) 8 VI T(Pres)'not 8 S Np VI T(Past) 8 P D N!" NP I 8
VP I 8 S-cl I 8 PP I. This is complex and used for dialogue.
"Np(S)8VtT(Pres)8DN(DD)8PDN,8CDN(S)8be
T(Pres) NJ (PN)." NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 PP i 8 NP 3 8 VP 2

8 NP N. This Is a compound sentence used for dialogue.

 

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I25
"Np (S) 8 'be T(Pres) 8 Np (PN)!" NP I 8 VP 1 8 NP 2. This
is a simple sentence used for dialogue.
C Np (S) 8 Vi T(Past) 8 P D N 8 R (del) Np N T(Pres) NV Vi 8
P D NJ N. NP I 8 VP I 8 PP I 8 R-cI I 8 PP 2. This is a
complex sentence used for narration.
"Np (S) 8 Vt T(Pres) 8 5 (del) Np'be T(Pres) D N 8 P Np 8 P D
NJ N,--8 D N 8 R N T(Pres)'not Vi, 8 R N T(Pres) Vi C Vi!"
NP I 8 VP I 8 S-cI I (DO) 8 PP I 8 PP 2 8 S-ci I (cont.) 8
R-cl I 8 R-cI 2. This is complex and used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 8 Vt T(Pres) 8 Np (Do) 8 Av 8 P N, 8 P N c N, 8 P N,
8 P NI" NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 VP I (cont.) 8 PP I 8 PP 2 8
PP 3 8 PP N. This is simple and used for dialogue.
"C D N (S), 8 Np (S) (del) 8 Vt T(Pres) 8 Np (DO) Vt Np," 8
Np (s) 8 Vi T(Past), 8 P D N 8 P D N, "8 have T(Pres) 8 D N
(DD) 8 P be-ing NJ, 8 C D N (S) 8 have T(Pres)'not Vi-en 8 P
N 8 R have T(Pres) Vt-en D N 8 R (del) Np have T(Pres)!"
NP l 8 NP 2 8 VP I 8 NP 3 8 NP N 8 VP 2 8 PP I 8 PP 2 8 VP 3
8 NP 5 8 PP 3 8 NP 6 8 VP N 8 PP N 8 R-cl I 8 R-cl 2. This
is a compound-complex sentence used for dialogue and narration.
"P N 8 Np (S) 8 'N T(Pres) not Vi 8 P Np 8 S D N 8 P NJ N 8
be T(Pres) Np 8 R (del) have T(Pres) to Vi 8 P Np; 8 C to Vt
Np, to Vt c Vt D N, 8 Np (S) 8 Vt T(Pres) Av 8 D N (DD) 8 P
N." PP I 8 NP 1 8 VP I 8 PP 2 8 S-cl 1 8 PP 3 8 S-cl I(cont.)
8 R-cl I 8 PP N 8 VP 2 8 NP 2 8 VP 2 (cont.) 8 NP 3 8 PP N.
This Is a compound-complex sentence used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 8 have T(Pres) 8 D N (00)." NP l 8 VP I 8 NP 2.

This is a simple sentence used for dialogue.

 

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l26

(735) "Expl (del) 8 be (del) T(Pres) (del) 8 D N (S), 8 S (del) Np
'N T(Past) Vi, 8 5 (del) Np have T(Pres)'not D N3" Ex I 8
VP 1 8 NP l 8 S=cl I 8 S-cl 2 (PN). This is a complex
sentence used for dialogue.

(736) "Excl, 8 Np (5) (del) 8 Vt T(Pres) 8 Np (DD) Vi NV; 8 Np (s)
8 'be T(Pres) 8 Np (PN) 8 R (del) Np have T(Pres) Vi-en."
Ex I 8NPI8VPI8NP28NP38VP28NPN8R-cI I.
This is a compound-complex sentence used for dialogue.

(737) "Np (S) 8 'be T(Pres) 8 D N (PN) 8 P D N3" NP I 8 VP I 8
NP 2 8 PP l. This is a simple sentence used for dialogue.

(738) "NV 8 P D A] N 8 be T(Pres) 8 D D N (5)?" VP l 8 PP l 8 VP l
(cont.) 8 NP I. This is simple and used for dialogue.

(739) "Np (S) (del) 8 be (del) T(Pres) (del) Vi-en NV 8 P D N] N, 8
P (dei) D NJ, NJ N 8 P D NJ N C D NJ N 8 R Vt T(Pres) NV 8 P D
N 8 D NJ N 8 P N!" NP I 8 VP I 8 PP I‘8 PP 2 8 PP 3 8 R-cI i
8 PP N 8 R-cl l (cont.) 8 PP 5. This is a complex sentence
used for dialogue.

(7N0) "C Expl 8 'be T(Pres) not 8 P Np 8 to Vi (S) 8 P Np; 8 Np
(S)8PN8VtT(Pres)8Np (00)." Ex I 8VPI8PPI8NPI
8 PP 2 8 NP 2 8 PP 3 8 VP 2 8 NP 3. This is a compound
sentence used for dialogue.

(7NI) "Np (s) 8 'be T(Pres) not 8 D N (PN):" NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2.
This Is a simple sentence used for dialogue.

C7N2) "Np (S) (del) 8 N (del) T(Pres) (del) have (del) be-en (del)
8 NJ (PN) 8 P Np 8 S Np have T(Past) be-en NJ C NJ C NJ, 8 S
Np N T(Plst) have Vt-en D N C Vt-en D N!" NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2

8 PP I 8 S-cl l 8 S-cl 2. This is a complex sentence used

 

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I27
(cont.) forudialogue.
Np (S) to Vi 8 P D NJ N, 8 Np (S) to VI 8 P Np, 8 VI T(Past)
8 NJ (PN) to VI; 8 Np (s) 8 Av Vt T(Past) 8 s Np N T(Pres) Vt
D N 8 P D NJ N, 8 c Vt Np 8 P D NJ N 8 P D NJ N 8 R(del) Expl
VI T(Past) Q,Aj N to Vt D N. NP I 8 PP I 8 NP 2 8 PP 2 8 VP I
8 NP 3 8 NP N 8 VP 2 8 S-cl I (DO) 8 PP 3 8 S-cl l (cont.) 8
PP N 8 PP 5 8 R-cl i. This is a compound-complex sentence
used for reflection.
Np (S) 8 N T(Pres) not Vt 8 S (del) Np Vt T(Past) Np to Vi NV
8 P Np; 8 Np (s) 8 Av Vt T(Past) 8 Np (D0) to be Vi-en, 8 c s
Np Vt T(Past) to Vi 8 P D A] N 8 Np (s) 8 be T(Past) 8 NJ (PN)
to Vt D Av N] N. NP I 8 VP I 8 s-cI I (Do) 8 PP I 8 NP 2 8
VP 2 8 NP 3 8 s-ci 2 8 PP 2 8 NP N 8 VP 3 8 NP 5. This is a
compound-complex sentence used for reflection and narration.
AN. 8 Np (S) 8 VI T(Past) 8 P D D I 8 to Vi. C Vt T(Past) 8 P
N 8 S Np N T(Past) Vt to Vi 8 P D N N. VP l 8 NP i 8 VP l
(cont.) 8 PP l 8 VP l (cont.) 8 PP 2 8 S-cl l (DD) 8 PP 3.
This is a complex sentence used for narration.
Np (S) 8 N T(Pres) NV Vt 8 D NJ N (DD) 8 P D NJ N. 8 D N P R
N Vt T(Past) to Vi 8 P D N 8 P AJ N 8 P N c N. NP I 8 VP I 8
NP 2 8 PP I 8 R-cl l 8 PP 2 8 PP 3 8 PP N. This is a complex
sentence used for reflection.
D N c N (s) 8 P D NJ N 8 Vt T(Past) 8 to VI (DD) 8 P N] N 8 P
D N] N 8 I have T(Past) Vl-en 8 P Vi-lng 8 P D NJ N; 8 D NJ N
(S).8NV8PDN8PDN,8SNpViT(Past)8PNJN8PN.
8 be T(Past) Vl-en 8 P D NJ N 8 P D N 8 P N. NP I 8 PP I 8
8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 PP 2 8 PP 3 8 R-cl l 8 PP N 8 PP 5 8 NP 3 8

 

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I28
(cont.) VP 2 8 PP 6 8 PP 7 8 S-cl I 8 PP 8 8 PP 9 8 VP 2
(cont.) 8 PP lO 8 PP ll 8 PP l2. This is a compound-complex
sentence used for reflection and narration.
NJ N (S) 8 NM Vt T(Past) 8 D NJ N (DO),--8 D N (S) 8 P D NJ N
sch(s)8VtT(Past)8PDDN,8SN.VI-IngsPDN,8Vt
T(Past) D NJ N 8 P Np, 8 S Np be T(Past) Vt-ing D N. NP I 8
VPI8NP28NPI (cont.)8PPI8NP38VP28PP28S-cll
8 PP 3 8 S-cl l (cont.) 8 PP N 8 S-cl 2 (DO). This is a
compound-complex sentence used for narration and reflection.
S Np VI T(Past) NV, 8 Np (S) 8 be T(Past) 8 Q,Nj (PN) 8 S, NV
8 P Vt-ing Np 8 P D N to Vi, 8 Np Vt T(Past) D N C Vt T(Past)
Np NM 8 P D D NJ N. S-cl l 8 NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 S-cl 2 8
PP l 8 PP 2 8 S-cl 2 (cont.) 8 PP 3. This is a complex
sentence used for narration.
Np (S) 8 have T(Past) Vl-en 8 P D NJ N; 8 Np (S) 8 Vi T(Pres)
NV8PDN,8PDNNJ,8NVNJCN.8P(deI)DNJNNJ8P
N8PDNJ N.8PDNJNCDNJNton. NPI8VPI8PPl
8NP28VP28PP28PP38VP2(cont.)8PPN8PP58
PP 6 8 PP 7. This is compound and used for narration.
P D N 8 P D NJ N 8 R have T(Past) Vt-en Np NV. 8 C R Vi
T(Past)8PDNJ NJ N. 8Np (S)8Vt T(Past)8to Vth (DD)
8 P D NJ NJ N 8 C to (del) Vi Np (D0) 8 P D NJ N. PP l 8
PP 2 8 R-cl I 8 R-cl 2 8 PP 3 8 NP l 8 VP l 8 NP 2 8 PP N 8
8'NP 3 8 PP 5. This is complex and used for narration.
PNpsz (s)8VI: T(PastI8Np (DD)8PN,8SNpVI T(Past)
8 P D N 8 to Vt D N. PP l 8 NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 PP 2 8 S-cl l

8 PP 3 8 S-cl l (cont.). This is a complex sentence used

(752)
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(756)

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l29
(cont.) for narration.
C Np (S) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 Np (DO) 8 P P D N 8 P D NJ N 8 P D N.
NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 PP I 8 PP 2 8 PP 3. This is a simple
sentence used for narration.
"Excl," 8 Np (S) 8 Vi T(Past); "8 be T(Past) 8 Np (S) 8
Vi-ing?" Ex I 8 NP I 8 VP I 8 VP 2 8 NP 2 8 VP 2 (cont.).
This is a compound sentence used for dialogue.
"Nv 8 Np (S) (del) 8 be (del) T(Pres) (del) Vi-ing (del),"
VP l 8 NP l 8 VP l (cont.). This is a simple sentence used
for dialogue.
"Q,Nv have T(Pres) 8 Np (S) 8 be-en NV?" VP l 8 NP l 8 VP I
(cont.). This is a simple sentence used for dialogue.
"Np (S) (del) 8 have (del) T(Pres) (del) be-en (del) Nv (del)
8 P D N 8 R (del) Np Vi T(Past) Nv Nv." NP l 8 VP l 8 PP i
8 R-cl I. This is a complex sentence used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 8 Vi T(Past) 8 P P D N 8 to Vt D N] N. C Vt T(Past)
8 Np (DD) Vi-ing 8 P P D N 8 P D NJ N 8 R(del) Np Vi T(Pres)
NV." NP I 8 VP I 8 PP I 8 VP I (cont.) 8 NP 2 8 PP 2 8 PP 3
8 R-cl i. This is a complex sentence used for dialogue.
"Excl, 8 Np (S) 8 Vt T(Pres) 8 D N (DO) 8 P Np." Ex I 8 NP l
8 VP l 8 NP 2 8 PP i. This is simple and used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 8 have T(Past) not be-en 8 P N. 8 C P NV NVI” NP l
8 VP l 8 PP I 8 PP 2. This is simple and used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 8 have T(Pres) Vl-en 8 P Np?" NP l 8 VP I 8 PP I.
This is a simple sentence used for dialogue.
"Nave T(Pres) 8 Np (S) 8 VI T(Past) NV 8 P D N?" 8 Np (S) 8

VI T(Pllt) 8 P D NJ N C D NJ N. VP I 8 NP I 8 VP I (cont.)

 

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I30

(cont.) 8 PP I 8 NP 2 8 VP 2 8 PP 2. This is a compound

sentence used for dialogue and narration.

”Np (5) (del) 8 Vt T(Pres) 8 P N 8 S D Aj N H T(Pres) be Aj.”

8 Np (s) 8 Vi T(P888I9 ”8 c Vt T(Pres) 8 Np (no) 8 Av 8 s Np

Vi T(Pres) AV.” NP I 8 VP I 8 PP I 8,888I I (no) 8 NP 2 8

VP 2 8 VP I (cont.) 8 NP 3 8 VP I (cont.) 8 Socl 2. This is

a compoundmcomplex sentence used for dialogue.

o N (s) 8 be T(Past) Vicen, 8 P o N 8 P o Aj N 8 P o N 8 P N,

8 C P (del) Np”s AV Vtwing Np 8 P N 8 P N 8 S Np Vt T(Past).

NP I 8 VP I 8 PP I 8 PP 2 8 PP 3 8 PP u 8 PP 5 8 PP 6 8 PP 7

s S'CI '0

This is complex and wsed for narration.

Np (s) 8 V8 T(Past) 8 Np (no) 8 P N08 N 8 Q,Q_Av. NP I 8

VP I 8 NP 2 8 PP I 8 VP l (cont.). This is a simple sentence

used for narration.

D AJ N (S) 8 have T(Past) Vtoen 8 D N (80), 8 C D N (S) 8 be

T(Past) Av 8 Aj (PN). NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 NP 3 8 VP 2 8 NP h.

This is a compound sentence used for narration.

D N 8 P N 8 Av 8 Np (S) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 S Np have V(Past) NwN.

VP I 8 PP I 8 VP I (cont.) 8 NP I 8 VP I 8 s-8I I (no). This

is a complex sentence used for nsrration.

P D N 8 Np (S) 8 be T(Past) 8 P Np 8 AV. 8 C Np (S) 8 be

T(Pres) Av 8 P Vtwing to Vt D N. PP I 8 NP I 8 VP I 8 PP 2

8 VP I (cont.) 8 MP 2 8 VP 2 8 PP 3. This is compound and

used for
Av AJ to

8 NP 2.

narration.
Vi, Np (s) 8 be T(Past) Av 8 Aj (PN). NP I 8 VP I

This is a simple sentence used for narration.

 

 

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I3i
N (s) 8 Vi T(Past) Av 8 P N. NP I 8 VP I 8 PP I. This is
a simple sentence used for narration.
D D N (S) 8 R Np Vi T(Past) 8 P D N, 8 Vining 8 P D Ad N 8 P
N, 8 P N, 8 P N c N 8 P D A] N 8 P R D N Vt T(Past) to Vi, 8
Vi T(Pres) 8 P o N 8 AV 8 P o A} N 8 P D Aj N 8 P N. NP I 8
R-cl I 8 PP I 8 Rmcl I (cont.) 8 PP 2 8 PP 3 8 PP h 8 PP 5 8
PP 6 8 Racl 2 8 VP I 8 PP 7 8 VP I (cont.) 8 PP 8 8 PP 9 8
PP ID. This is a compiex sentence used for narration.
S D N be T(Past) Av, 8 Np (S) 8 have T(Past) Vtoen 8 Np (DO)
8 P D Aj A] N 8 P D N 8 P N. Svcl l 8 NP l 8 VP l 8 NP 2 8
PP I 8 PP 2 8 PP 3. This is complex and used for narration.
D N N (S), 8 R Np have T(Past) Vtoen to be Vi-en 8 P D N, 8
have T(Past) Vimen 8 P N, 8 S (dei) Np be T(Past) Viven, 8
to Vi 8 P D N; 8 c Np (S) 8 be T(Past) 8 A] (PN) 8 P D N, 8
R be T(Past) Vincn 8 P AV 0 AI N 8 P N. NP I 8 Rmci I 8 PP I
8 VP I 8 PP 2 8 8=8I I 8 VP I (cont.) 8 PP 3 8 NP 2 8 VP 2 8
NP 3 8 PP h 8 chi 2 8 PP 5 8 PP 6. This is a compoundw
complex sentence used for narration.
D D D A} A] N (S), 8 P P P D A} N 8 R have T(Past) Vt-en D N,
8 have T(Past) Vtuen 8 0 A] N (on) to Vt n N. NP I 8 PP I 8
Rmcl l 8 VP I 8 NP 2. This is compiex and used for narration.
P Np 8 be T(Past) 8 o N (s) 8 R (dei) be (88:) T(Past) (dei)
N N. 8 R Np Vi T(Past) 8 P D N, 8 Vining 8 P D A] N 8 P D N 8
P D N. PP I 8 VP I 8 NP I 8 Rnci l 8 R=cl 2 8 PP 2 8 Rmci 2
(cont.) 8 PP 3 8 PP hi8 PP 5. This is a complex sentence

used for narration.

 

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(782)

(783 I

(7“)

I32
"Excl." 8 Np (S) 8 VI T(Past), 8 Vtming 8 P N 8 P D A] N 8 D
N 8 P D AJ N. "8 C Av (dei) be (del) T(Pres) (del) 8 D A] N
(5)?" Ex I 8 NP I 8 VP I 8 NP I (cont.) 8 PP I 8 PP 2 8 NP I
(cont.) 8 PP 3 8 VP 2 8 NP 2. This is a compound sentence
used for dialogue and narration.
"Have T(Pres) 8 Np (s) 8 Vt-en 8 Np (no). 8 P Np?" VP I 8
NP I 8 VP I (cont.) 8 NP 2 8 PP I. This is a simple sentence
used for dialogue.
"lb (5) 8 'heve T(Pres) Vt-en 8 Np (00)," 8 Np: (s) 8 VI
T(Past); ”8 Np (S) 8 “be T(Pres) 8 Np (PN),--8 P N." NP l
8VPI8NP28NP38VP28NPII8VP38NP58PPI.
This is a compound sentence used for dialogue.
"c Np (SI 8 N T(Pres) Av Vt 8 Np (no) 8 P Np." NP I 8 VP I
8 NP 2 8 PP I. This is e simple sentence used for dialogue.
"C Av N (dei) T(Pres) (del) 8 Np (5) (del) 8 not. 8 Ech?"
VP l 8 NP I 8 VP I (cont.) 8 Ex I. This is a simpie sentence
used for dialogue.
"DA. 8 Np (s) 8 'N T(Past) not Vt 8 Np (00):" Ex I 8 NP I 8
VP I 8 NP 2. This Is a simple sentence used for dialogue.
"P o N. 8 Np (S) 8 'be T(Pres) 8 NJ (PN)." PP I 8 NP I 8 VP I
8 NP 2. This is a simple sentence used for dialogue.
"Np (5) (del) 8 Vt T(Pres) 8 Np (no); 8 Np (S) 8 °be T(Pres)
8 A] c A] 8 AJ (PN).” NP l 8 VP l 8 NP 2 8 NP 3 8 VP 2 8 NP h.
This is 0 compound sentence used for dialogue.
CPA] N.8Np (s)8VI T(PastIAv. PPI8NPI8VP I.

This Is a simple sentence used for narration.

 

 

 

(785 I

(786)

(787 I

(738)

(789)

(790)

(79I I

I33
Np (S)8beT(Pest)8Av Aj (PN) to Vt N; 80 N's A] N (5)8
Vi T(Past) Vi-en 8 P D N. NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 NP 3 8 VP 2 8
PP I. This is a compound sentence used for reflection.
Np (S) 8 have T(Past) Vt-en 8 D N (DO) 8 to Vi 8 P N 8 P (del)
o N,8CAv. to VtD N.8 Np (s)8Av Vt T(Past)8o N (no).
NPI8VPI8NP28VPI (cont.)8PPI8PP28VP28NP3
8 VP 2 (cont.) 8 NP h. This is compound and used for
narration.
N(S)8VtT(Pest)8Np(DO)8PN8PDN8PNN. NPI8
VP I 8 NP 2 8 PP I 8 PP 2 8 PP 3. This is a simple sentence
used for narration.
Vt-Ing A] N's N 8 P N,--8 R (del) "Np Vt T(Past) D N 8 P D N,"
--8Np (s) 8Vi T(Past)AVCVt T(Past)8D N (D0)8PD N8
P D N. NP I 8 PP I 8 R-cl l 8 PP 2 8 NP I (cont.) 8 VP l 8
NP 2 8 PP 3 8 PP N. This is complex and used (or narration.
Vt-Ing 8 P N 8 D N 8 P D A] N, 8 Np (S) 8 Vt T(Past). 8 S Np
VI T(Past)Av. 8so NVt T(Past) DAj N. NP I 8PP I 8NPI
(cont.) 8 VP I 8 chi I 8 Socl 2 (DD). This is a complex
sentence used for reflection.
SNpVi T(Past)8PDN8Av to VI,8oN (S),VI-Ing Av8P
Np 8 P D N-N. 8 Vt T(Past) 8 Np (DO) 8 N P N. S-cl I 8 PP l
8,s-cI I (cont.)8NPI8PP28PP3‘8VPI8NP28PP‘I.
This is a complex sentence used for ndrration.
DA] N (S)VI-ing8PDN8Vt T(Past)AV8DAJ N (oo)8PN
N. NP I 8 PP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 PP 2. This Is a simple

sentence used for exposition.

 

(79:

(793

(79a

(795

(.796

(797‘

(798;

(792)

(793 I

(79")

(795)

(796)

(797)

(793)

I3h
Np (s) 8 Vi T(Past) 8 s Np Vt T(Past) Np. 8 c Np (s) 8 Vt
T(Past) 8 S Np Vt T(Past) to Vi. NP I 8 VP I 8 S-ci l 8 NP 2
8 VP 2 8 S-cl 2 (DD). This is a compoundacomplex sentence
used for narration.
D N (S) 8 be T(Past) 8 A] (PN) 8 c D A] N (S) 8 Vi T(Past) 8
P o N 8 N Vt T(Past) to Vt o o N 8 P N. NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2
8 NP 3 8 VP 2 8 PP I 8 R-cl l 8 PP 2. This is a compound-
complex sentence used for exposition.
C D N (S) 8 P D D N, 8 Av, Vt T(Past) 8 D N (D0) 8 P D N, 8
c Np (s) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 Np (no) 8 P o N 8 P R N-be T(Past)
Vi-en 8 P o N 8 P A] N. NP I 8 PP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 PP 2’8
NP 3 8 VP 2 8 NP h 8 PP 3 8 R-cl l 8 PP h 8 PP 5. This is e
compounducomplex sentence used for narration.
"Np (s) 8 Vt T(Pres) 8 s (delD Np be T(Past) Np, 8 AV, 8 R Vt
T(Past) Np," 8 Np (s) 8 VI T(Past). NP I 8 VP I 8 S-cl I (no)
8 VP l (cont.) 8 Roci I 8 NP92 8 VP 2. This is a compound-
complex sentence used for dialogue.
"Expl 8 be T(Past) 8 o N (s) 8 5 (del) Np AV Vt T(Past) Np to
Vt Np!" Ex I 8 VP I 8 NP I 8 Socl I (DO). This is a complex
sentence used for dialogue.
"P N, 8 Np (s) 8 N T(Past)‘not VI 8 P Np 8 s Np Vi T(Past)."
PP l 8 NP l 8 VP l 8 PP 2 8 Susi I. This is a complex
sentence used for dialogue.
"Exci, 8 D N (S) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 Np (DD), 8 D N (S) 8 have
T(Pres) Vt-en 8 Np (D0)." Ex i 8 NP I 8 VP l 8 NP 2 8 NP 3

8 VP 2 8 NP N. This is compound and used for dialogue.

V—l'fl-‘ ‘4'}..5

 

(799

(800

{80)

(802

(803

(804.

(8052

(805;

(807)

(799 I

(800)

(801)

(802)

(803)

(80“)

(805)

(806)

(807)

I35
”Np (S) 8 'have T(Pres) Av Vinen 8 P D D N's N 8 P D N.” NP I
8 VP I 8 PP l 8 PP 2. This is simple and used for dialogue.
"c Np (s) 8 N T(Pres) Vtg 8 Np (no) 8 Np (no). 8 DA, 8 Np (s)
8 AV Vt T(Past) 8 Np (00)." NP l 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 NP 3 8 Ex I
8 NP h 8 VP 2 8 NP 5. This is compound-and used for dialogue.
"Np (s) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 Epr 8 P o N 8 s Np be T(Past) Vi-en
to VI 8 P AJ N c A] N?" NP l 8 VP I 8 Ex I 8 PP I 8 S-cI I
(DO) 8 PP 2. This Is complex and used for dialogue.
"Np (s) 8 be T(Past) 8 o o N (PN), 8 8 Exp] 8 Vt T(Past) 8 Np
(no) 8 to VI AV (5)." NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 Ex I 8 VP 2 8 NP‘3
8 NP h. This is a compound sentence used for dialogue.
"N T(Pest) 8 Np (s) 8 Vi Av?" 8 Np (s) 8 VI T(Past) Q,Av, 8 P
D N. VP I 8 NP I 8 VP I (cont.) 8 NP 2 8 VP 2 8 PP I. This
is a compound sentence used for dialogue.
"D N (S) 8 be T(Past) 8 A] (PN), 8 c Np (S) 8 be T(Past) 8 A]
(PN)." NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 NP 3 8 VP 2 8 NP h. This is a
compound sentence used for dialogue.
"C N T(Past) 8 Np (S) 8 VI 8 P Np?" VP I 8 NP I 8 VP I(cont.)
8 PP I. This is a simple sentence used for dialogue.
Np (S) 8 have T(Past) Vi-en c Vtven 8 D N (DO); 8 Np (S) 8 Vt
T(Past) 8 Np (DO) 8 P D No 8 c Vt T(Past) 8 P D AJ N 8 D N
(DD) 8 P AJ N 8 N. 8 P D N, 8 Vt T(Past) c Vt T(Past) D N.
NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 NP 3 8 VP 2 8 NP h 8 PP I 8 VP 2 (cont.)
8 PP z 8 NP 5 8 PP 3 8 N-cl I 8 PP u 8 Neel I (cont.). This
is a compound-complex sentence used for narration.‘
EchI 8 Np (S) (del) 8 Vi (del) T(Past) (dei). Ex I 8 NP I

8 VP I. This is a simple sentence used for reflection.

 

(81

(ii

(808)

(809 )

(8I0)

(8II)

(8l2)

(313)

(8Ih)

(8I5)

I36
R N Np have T(Past) Vt-en D N, 8 Expl 8 be T(Past) Av 8 D AJ
N (s) 8 R have T(Past) Vt-en Np. R-cI I 8 Ex I 8 VP I 8 NP I
8 Reel 2 (PN). This is complex and used for reflection.
"Np (S) (del) 8 be T(Pres) 8 Aj (PN), 8 DA," 8 Np (S) 8 Vi
T(Past), Av. NP I 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 Ex I 8 NP 3 8 VP 2. This
is a compound sentence used for dialogue.
Np (s) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 o N (no) 8 AV 8 he T(Past) 8 A] (PN).
NP l 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 VP I (cont.) 8 NP 3. This is a simple
sentence used for narretion.
Av Vt-ing D A], AJ N, 8 S Np Vt T(Past) D N Av 8 Np (5) (del)
8 Vi (del) T(Past) (del): "8 Np (S) 8 be T(Past) 8 D A] N
(PN)!" NP I 8 Sec] I 8 NP I (cont.) 8 VP I 8 NP 2 8 VP 2 8
NP 3. This is a compound-complex sentence used for narration
and dialogue.
Np (s) 8 VI T(Past), 8 c Np (s) 8 Vi T(Past). NP I 8 VP I 8
NP 2 8 VP 2. This is compound and used for narration.
Vi-ing 8 P D A] NeN 8 P D N Av 8 P D N, 8 Np (S) 8 Vt T(Past)
8 P o N 8 o N (no) 8 R Epr Vt T(Past) 8 P Np 8 5 (del) Np
have T(Past) Viaen AV. NP I 8 PP I 8 PP 2 8 PP 3 8 NP I
(cont.) 8 VP I 8 PP h 8 NP 2 8 Res) I 8 PP 5 8 S=cl I. This
is a complex sentence used for narration.
Np (S) 8 Av Vt T(Past) 8 S Np be T(Past) A] 8 P D N 8 P D N 8
N Np have T(Past) Vioen 8 P D N 8 P D NmN. NP I 8 VP I 8
S-cl I (no) 8 PP I 8 PP z 8 Rucl I 8 PP 3 8 PP h. This is a
complex sentence used for narration.
P o N 8 Vi T(Past) 8 0 AJ N (s) 8 R N 8 P AJ N 8 be T(Past)

Av AV Viaen, 8 Vtwing o N 8 P o A) N. 8 c Vt-ing o A] N 8 P o

 

(a

(8

(81

(81

 

(8I5)

(8I6)

(8I7)

(8l8)

(8I9)

I37

(cont.) N 8 P N 8 P Np 8 P D A] "N." PP I 8 VP I 8 NP I 8

N-cl I 8 NP I (cont.) 8 PP 2 8 NP I (cont.) 8 PP 3 8 PP h 8

PP 5 8 PP 6. This is complex and used for narration.

Np (s) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 0 AJ N (no) 8 P o N 8 P N. NP I 8 VP I

8 NP 2 8 PP I 8 PP 2.

This is simple and used for narration.

Np (s) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 Np (no), 8 Vt T(Past) 8 0 AJ AJ N (no)

8 P I Q,AJ N, 8 C Vt

T(Past) 8 Np (no) to Vt o N. NP I 8 VP I

8 NP 2 8 VP I (cont.) 8 NP 3 8 PP I 8 VP I (cont.) 8 NP 8.

This is a simple sentence used for narration.

Np (S) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 D N (DD) 8 C Vi_T(Past) AV, 8 VI-en

8 P o N. NP I 8 VP I

8 PP I. This is e si

8INP 2 8 VP I (cont.) 8 NP l (cont.)

mpie sentence used for narration.

P D N Av, 8 S Np be T(Past) VI-en 8 P D N 8 P A) N 8 P D AV

A] N 8 P N's Aj N c A] N, 8 Np (s) 8 Vi T(Past) to Vt o A].

A) N, "8 Excl, 8 Ech
8 S-cI I 8 PP 2 8 PP
Ex 2 8 NP 2 8 VP 2.

used for reflection.

; 8 D A] N (S) 8 be T(Pres) AV!" PP l
3 8 PP h 8 PP 5 8 NP I 8 VP I 8 Ex I 8

This is a compound-complex sentence

mm. P" Ufl

 

---—-

 

(1.)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

”THE DEATH OF THE LION”
Np (S) & have T(Past) Av, & S (del) Np Vi T(Pres), & D N (DO) &
P N, & C Np (S) & M T(Pres) have Vi-en & S Np Vt T(Past) D N & P
PNN. NP1&VPl&S-clL&NP2&PP1&NP3&VP2&
S—cl 2 & PP 2. This is a compound-complex sentence used for
reflection.

N N (S) & be T(Past) & D "N” (PN), & S Np be T(Past) Vi—en & P D

N: &,Np (S) & have T(Past) Vt-en & D Aj N (DO) & P Vt—ing D N Av.

NP 1 & VP1& NP 2 & S-cl 1 & PP 1 &.NP 3 & VP 2 &.NP 4 & PP 2
This is a compound~somplex sentence used for exposition.

Np (S) & be T(Past) & D Aj N (PN) & C have T(Past) be—en Vi—en
tobeQAjN&SNth T(Past)N&PNp. NP1&VP1&NP2&
VP 1 (cont.) & S~c1 l & PP 1. This is a complex sentence used
for exposition.

Np (S) & be T(Past) &,N N (PN) & R have T(Past) Vt Np Av Q.Av:
&INp (S) & be T(Past) AV Vi-en & P D N & AV & P P N & P D N.

NP 1 & VP 1 & NP 2 & R-Cl 1 &.NP 3 & VP 2 & PP 1 & VP 2 (cont.)
& PP 2 & PP 3. This is compoundmcomplex and used for narration.
Aj S Np be T(Past) &.Np (S) & have T(Past) be-en & P D N & Vi—en
Av & P N N, & R have T(Past) bewen N C C C N; & Vt-ing N & P D
Aj N, & P (del) Av N C NHN, & R Aj N N, & P D N C N, & Vi
T(Past) Av & P D Aj N. S-cl 1 & NP 1 & VP 1& PP 1 & VP 1
(cont.) & PP 2 & R-cl 1 & NP 1 (cont.) & PP 3 & PP 4 & R-cl 2
& PP 5 & R-cl 2 (cont.) & PP 6. This is a complex sentence
used for narration.

Np (S) & M T(Past) Vi & P D N & Av & P D N & R.Np have T(Past)
be-en Aj. NP 1 & VP 1 & PP 1 & VP 1 (cont.) & PP 2 & R-cl 1°
This is a complex sentence used for reflection.

138

 

 

(7)

(8)

(9)

139
Np (S) &Av Vt T(Past) & DN (00) & P Vt-ing DN &P D Aj N, &
R be T(Past) & P D Aj N; & C S Np have T(Past) D N to Vi & Np
(S) & Vt T(Past) &:N (DO) D & P N &.P be-ing & P D N. NP 1 &
VP 1 & NP 2 & PP 1 & PP 2 & R-cl 1 & PP 3 & Sucl 1 & NP 3 &
VP 2 & NP 4 & PP 4 & PP 5 & PP 6. This is a compound-complex
sentence used for reflection.
P D D N & Np (S) & be T(Past) & Aj (PN) & R Np be T(Past) Vi-en
& P N & P D N & P D Aj Aj N. PP l & NP 1 & VP 1 & NP 2 & R~cl 1
& PP 2 & PP 3 & PP 4. This is Complex and used for reflection.
Np (S) & Vt T(Past) & Np (D0) Vt &.S Np be T(Past) Aj to have N,
& C have T(Past) Av be-en & P D N & P D Vi-ing & P N N & S Np
M T(Past) Vt D Aj N &.P N N. NP 1 & VPl &HNP 2 & S-cl 1 & VP 1
(cont.) & PP 1 & PP 2 & PP 3 & S—cl 2 & PP 4. This is a complex

sentence used for reflection.

(10) Np (S) &‘Vt T(Pres) & Sin Vi T(Past) &.P Np & Av & S S Np have

(11)

T(Past) Av Vi-en & P D N, & R Av & P D N & be T(Past) & P D N &
P D N & P D N; & C Av S Np have T(Past) Av Vimen &,Np (S) & Vt
T(Past) & D D N (DO) & P D N &.P D D‘N. NP 1 & VP 1 & S—cl 1
(DO) & PP l & Sucl 1 (cont.) & Sucl 2 & PP 2 & R~c1 l & PP 3 &
R-Cl 1 (cont.) & PP 4 & PP 5 & PP 6 & Sucl 3 & NP 2 & VP 2 &

NP} & PP 7 & PP 8. This is compoundacomplex and used for
narration.

S Np have T(Past) Vtaen NP & S D Aj N &,P R Np be T(Past) Vi—en
to Vi & be T(Past) Av to Vt D N & R (del) Np Vi T(Past), &;Np
(S) & Vt T(Past) & P (del) D N & C Av Vi T(Past): "&:Np (S) & Vi

T(Pres); & Np (S) & Vt T(pres) & to Vt Np Av (D0)." S-cl 1 &

 

(11)

(12)

(13)

(14)

(15)

(16)

(17)

(18)

(19)

140
(cont.) Sucl 2 & R-cl 1 & S-cl 2 (cont.) & Reel 2 &.NP 1 & VP 1
&PP1&VP1(oond.)&NP2&VP2&NP3&VP3&NP4. This
is a compounducomplex sentence used for narration and dialogue.
”Np (S) (del) 81 M (del) T(Pres) (de1)Vte 81 Np (DO) &Np (0C) &
S Np Vi T(Pres)." NP 1 & VP 1 &ZNP 2 & Sucl 1. This is a
complex sentence used for dialogue.
“C Np (PN) & 'be T(Pres) & D N (8)?“ NP 1 & VP 1 &.NP 2.
This is a simple sentence used for dialogue.
’N (S) (del) & Vt T(Pres) & D N (DO)~-& Np (S) (del) & be (del)
T(Pres) (de1)&DN (PN)’.“ NP1&VP1&NP2&NP3&VP2&
NP 4. This is a compound sentence used for dialogue.
NN(S)&VtT(Past)Av&DN(DO).NP1&VP1&NP2. This
is a simple sentence used for narration.
"Be T(PresO & Expl &.Np (S) to be vi-en & P Np?" VP 1 & Ex 1
&‘NP 1 & PP 1. This is simple and used for dialogue.
”R Expl be T(Pres), &fiNp (S) & M T(Past) have &flNp (DO) D & P
Np, & C Np (S) & have T(Pres)” not beuen Viuen.” R~c1 1 & NP 1
& VP 1 &.NP 2 & PP 1 &.NP 3 & VP 2. This is a compound—
somplex sentence used for dialogue.
D'N (S) & be T(Past) &.Aj (PN), & C N N (S) & Vi T(Past): “&
Excl, &:Np (S) (del) & Vi T(Pres) &,Np (D0)." NP 1 & VP 1 &
NP2&NP3&VP2&Ex1&NP4&VP3&NP5. Thisisa
compound sentence used for narration and dialogue.
Av &.Np (S) & Vi T(Past): "& C Av M ‘T(Ptes) &:Np (S) & Vt &.Np
(D0)?“ VP 1 &NP 1 &VP 1 (cont.) &VP 2 &NP 2 & VP 2 (cont.)

& NP 3. This is a compound sentence used for dialogue.

(20)

(21)

(22)

(24)

(25)

(26)

(27)

(28)

141
“Np (S) (del) & M (del) T(Pres) (del) Vt (del) 81 Np (DO) (del)
& P D D N!" NP 1 &.VP 1 & NP 2 & PP 1. This is a simple
sentence used for dialogue.
N N (S) & Vi T(Past). NP 1 & VP 1. This is a simple sentence
used for narration.
“Av be T(Pres) & Np (8)?" VP 1 &'NP 1. This is a simple
sentence used for dialogue.
“Np (S) 81 Vt T(Pres) 8: Np (D0) to Vi Av C Vt Np?” & Np (S) & Vi
T(Past) & S Np have T(Past) Vt-en D Aj N & P D Aj N. NP 1 &
VP 1 &‘NP 2 &.NP 3 & VP 2 & S~c1 & PP 1. This is compound»
complex and used for dialogue and narration.
"Np (S) & M T(Pres)'not 'Vt' & Np (DO)--& D N (S) & be T(Pres)
&,D Np (PN).” NP 1 & VP 1 &‘NP 2 &INP 3 & VP 2 & NP 4. This
is a compound sentence used for dialogue.
"C Np (S) & M.TiPres) Vt &;S Np'be T(Pres) D N &.R (del) Np Vt

N 5:,” & Vi T(Past) & N N (S), & P D N & P N N. NP 1 & VP 1 &

'Sucl 1 (DO) & Rucl 1 & VP 2 &.NP 2 &.PP 1 & PP 2. This is

compounducomplex and used for dialogue and narration.

Aj s Np be T(Past), & Np (S) & M T(Past) Vt & D Aj N (1)0) & P
D N. Sucl 1 &.NP 1 & VP 1 &‘NP 2 & PP 1. This is a complex
sentence used for exposition.

D Aj N's Aj N (S) &.C C C D Aj N (S) & Vi T(Past) & P D‘N & P
D Aj N &,P Np &‘P D Aj N & R Vt T(Pres) & P Aj N. NP 1 &:NP 2
& VP 1 & PP 1 & PP 2 & PP 3 & PP 4 &R-cl l & PP 5. This is a
complex sentence used for exposition.

N N (S) &‘M T(Past) & Q Av & have Vt—en &,Np (D0) to Vi &.P N N

& S‘Np M T(Past) have Vt-en D "N_N”; & C D N (S) & Vt T(Past) &

 

142

(28) (cont.)Np (DO) &PD AjN &P DN, &RDN Vt T(Past)DN &P
Vte-ing NuN 81 C RN &P N 8: be T(Past) DN 81 P Vt-ingN &P N.
NP 1 & VP 1 & S~c1 1 & VP 1 (cont.) &.NP 2 & PP l & S-cl 1
(cont.)&NP3&VP2&NP4&PP2&PP3&R-c11&PP4&
R-cl 2 7 PP 5 & R—cl 2 (cont.) 81 PP 6 & PP 7. This is a
compounducomplex sentence used for exposition.

(29) Np (S) 8. be T(Past) 8: S S N N have T(Past) Vt-enN 8. P D Aj N's
have-ing, & S N M T(Past) have Viwen, & Av be—en Av. NP 1 &
VP 1 & Seal 1 & Sacl 1 (PN) & PP 1 & S-cl 2 & PP 1 (cont.).
This is a complex sentence used for exposition.

(30) Np (S) 8. be T(Past) Aj (PN), & s Np have T(Pres) Vi—en, 8. CNp
(S) & be T(Past) not & Aj (PN) to Vt Av D Aj‘N &,P D N, &
Vtuing NP AV to be D N &,P D N & P R Expl be T(Past) Aj not to
Vi.NPl&VP1&NP2&S—~cll&NP 3.&VP2&NP4&PP1&
NP 3 (:ont.) & PP 2 & Reel. This is a compound~comp1ex
sentence used for exposition.

<31 ) Av to be Av (S) D N Av 8. be T(Past) 8. D N (PN) 8. RVte T(Past)
DN81PVt~inngAj81PNN&AVDQAj. NP1&VP1&NP2
& Rucl l & PP 1 & PP 2 & R~c1 1 (cont.). This is a complex
sentence used for reflection.

(32) Np (S) 8. M T(Past) be 8. Q Aj (PN) 8. s AvN N M T(Past) have
Viuen & C C Np (S) & M T(Past) be & Q.Aj (PN) & S AV’N N M
T(Past)Vi. NP 1&VP l&NP2&S«~C11&NP3&VP2&NP4
& S~c1 2. This is compound—complex and used for reflection.

(33) n N (S) 8. PDAjN &P RNNVi T(Past) (&Rhave T(Past)
Vtmen N & P D N, &.S Np Vi T(Past) &:P Np & Av & P N) & be

T(Past), & S (del) Np M T(Past) Vi, & Q Av & R have T(Past)

 

(33:)

(34)

(35)

(36)

(37)

(38)

(39)

143
(cont.) Vt-en N N Vi. NP 1 & PP 1 & R—cl 1 & R-cl 2 & PP 2 &
S—cl l & PP 3 & Sucl 1 (cont.) & PP 4 & VP 1 & S-Cl 2 & VP 1
(cont.) & R~c1 3 (PN). This is a complex sentence used for
reflection.
Expl & Vt T(Past) & Np (DO) & P Aj & P D N &.P D N & S Np M
T(Past) be Q.Aj & P Np. Ex 1 & VP 1 &.NP 1 &,PP 1 & PP 2 &
PP 3 & S—cl 1 (S) & PP 4. This is a complex sentence used
for exposition.
C Av be T(Past) not & D Aj N (S) & P Np & AV & R D N Vt T(Past)?
VP 1 &,NP 1 & PP 1 & VP 1 (cont.) & R—cl 1 (DO). This is a
complex sentence used for exposition.
N N (S) & Av Vt T(Past) &’Np (DO) & P N & P Vt-ing Np & P D N &
P R.Np have T(Past) Vtuen N N & P N & P D N & P D N & P D N.
NP 1 & VP 1 & NP 2 & PP 1 & PP 2 & PP 3 & Rucl 1 & PP 4 & PP 5
& PP 6 & PP 7. This is complex and used for narration.
Have T(Past)’ not & Np (S) & Vtuen, & S D N C N be T(Past) Aj,
81N N's D N (DO) & P D Aj Aj N? VP 1 & NP 1 & VP 1 (cont.)
& Sucl 1 & NP 2 & PP 1. This is complex and used for dialogue.
Np (3)8.V1 T(Past)&QAj -:':PN)&PDN 8.PDNCDN,8.CNp
(S) & Vt (T(Pres) & S & P haveeing Vtuen N N’s N & Np Vi T(Past)
D Aj. NP 1 &.VP 1 &.NP 2 & PP 1 &.PP 2 &.NP 3 & VP 2 & S~c1 1
(DO) & PP 3 & S~c1 1 (cont.). This is a compounducomplex
sentence used for exposition.
Np (S) & have T(Past) Viuen Av & S Np Vi T(Past), & Cin (S) &
have T(Past), & S'Np Vi T(Past), &JN (DO) Aj &:P N. NP 1 &
VP 1 & Sucl 1 &'NP 2 & VP 2 & Sucl 2 &INP 3 & PP 1. This is a

compound~complex sentence used for exposition.

 

144

(40) P (del) D D N Av &5Np (S) & Vi T(Past) &,P N N & C Vt T(Past)
Av & P N & D Q Aj N (DO) & R have T(Past) Av Vi-en & P D N's N
&,P D'N &.P N. PP 1 &;NP 1 & VP 1 & PP 2 & VP 1 (cont.) & PP 3
&;NP 2 & R—cl 1 & PP 4 & PP 5 & PP 6. This is a complex
sentence used for narration.

(41) Np (S) 8. Av Vt T(Past) 8: P N & P D Aj N &N (DO) 8. P Aj N.

NP 1 & VP 1 & PP 1 & PP 2 &,NP 2 & PP 3. This is a simple
sentence used for narration.

(42) P (del) D D N &:Np (S) & Vt T(Past) & P P N &.P D N, &_S N N Vt
T(Past) Np, &.P N N, & R Vtg T(Past) Np, & P D N & P D N, & D
Aj N & R have T(Past) not be~en Viuen & P N. PP 1 &.NP 1 &

VP 1 & PP 2 & PP 3 & S~c1 1 & PP 4 & Reel 1 & PP 5 & PP 6 &
R~c1 1 (cont.) & Rucl 2 & PP 7. This is a complex sentence
used for narration.

(43) S Av D N Vi T(Past) & P D Aj N & Np (S) & be T(Past) & D N (PN)
&.P N N. S~c1 1 & PP 1 &'NP 1 &,VP 1 &flNP 2 & PP 2. This is a
complex sentence used for reflection.

(44) P D‘N, & Av, &:Np (S) & V1 T(Past) & Aj (PN) & R N's Aj N be
T(Past) & P D N & P Vining & C R D N have T(Past) be-en DiN &

P D D N &.P N N, & R be T(Past) Av Viuen & P Np & P haveming
Vtuen Q D N. PP l & VP 1 &.NP 1 & VP 1 (cont.) &.NP 2 & R~cl 1
& PP 2 & PP 3 & Rucl 2 & PP 4 & PP 5 & R~c1 3 & PP 6 & PP 7.
This is a complex sentence used for narration.

(45) Np (S) 8. Vt T(Past) & Np (DO) 8. Av-_& Np (S) 81 M T(Past) 8. P N
& not Vt & Np (DO). NP 1 & VP 1 &,NP 2 & VP 1 (cont.) & NP 3
&.VP 2 & PP 1 & VP 2 (cont.) &'NP 4. This is a compound

sentence used for narration.

(45)

(47)

(48)

(49)

(50)

(51)

(52)

145
Np (S) & have T(Pres) Av Vteuen & D Aj N (DO) & D Aj N (06) &
P D Aj N. NP 1 & VP 1 &LNP 2 & PP 1. This is a simple
sentence used for reflection.
Np (S) & have T(Past) Vi-en, & S Np Av Vi T(Past) & P Np, & to
Vt D Aj N, & C D N (S) &‘M T(Past) Av have Vtuen &pr (DO).
NP 1 & VP 1 & S-cl 1 & PP 1 & NP 1 (cont.) &‘NP 2 & VP 2 & NP 3.
This is a compound-complex sentence used for reflection.
Np (S) & be T(Past) & D Aj N (PN) & P Aj Nf-&:Np (S) & have
T(Past) Vt-en & D Aj N (DO) & S D N Vt T(Pres) D Aj N. NP 1 &
VP1&NP2&PP1&NP3&VP2&NP4&S-cl1. This isa
compound-complex sentence used for reflection.
Np (S) & M T(Pres) Q Av Vt'& P‘N & S D AjiN Vt T(Pres) & P D N
& to be D N & C P D'N &:P N N & C P D Aj N C N. NP 1 & VP 1 &
PP 1 & Sacl 1 (DO) & PP 2 & S-cl 1 (cont.) & PP 3 & PP 4 & PP 5.
This is a complex sentence used for exposition.
D N (S) & P D N &,Vt T(Pres) &.D N (DO) & P D N, & C P D N & D
Aj N (S) &.M T(Past) be Vi-en & P D N & P Q Aj D N. NP 1 &
PP1&VP1&NP2&PP2&PP3&NP3&VP2&PP4&PP5.
This is a compound sentence used for exposition.
DAjN (S)8.be T(Pres)&Aj (PN), &SS&SNp Vt T(Pres)DN
& D Aj N & R, & S D N D Vi T(Pres), & Vi T(Pres) & P N & P N
& M T(Pres) Av have Vt—en D N. NP 1 & VP 1 & NP 2 & S~cl 1
& S—cl 2 & S—cl 1 (cont.) & R~cl 1 & S~c1 3 & R-cl 1 (cont.) &
PP l & PP 2 & S-cl 1 (cont.). This is a complex sentence used
for exposition.
D N (S) & Vi T(Past) Av Q & P D Aj N. NP 1 & VP 1 & PP 1.

This is a simple sentence used for narration.

(53)

(54)

(55)

(55)

<57)

(58)

(59)

146
DIN (S) & P D'N & R (del) Np Vi T(Past) &.P N N's N & be
T(Pres) & D Aj N (PN) & P N, N, N,&C P D Aj Aj N & P R D'N
be T(Past) Vi-en. NP 1 & PP 1 & Rucl 1 & PP 2 & VP 1 & NP 2
& PP 3 & PP 4 & R~c1 2. This is complex and used for
reflection.
D N (S) & P D‘N & have T(Past) Vtg-en &.Np (IO) & D Aj N (DO),
&DN (DO)&PDN&PRDN&PAjAjN&MT(Past)AvViAV.
NP 1 & PP 1 & VP 1 &.NP 2 &LNP 3 &‘NP 4 & PP 2 & R—cl 1 & PP 3
& R-cl 1 (cont.). This is complex and used for reflection.
Np (S) & have T(Past) Av Viaen & P D Aj, Aj N. NP 1 & VP 1 &
PP 1. This is a simple sentence used for narration.
Np (S) & have T(Past) Vi-en & P D Aj N & P D N, & Cin (S) & Vt
T(Past) & D N (DO) & P D N, & C‘Np (S) & Vi T(Past) & P (del) D
D N & P Np's Vi-ing & P D N. NP 1 & VP 1 & PP 1 & PP 2 & NP 2
& VP 2 &.NP 3 &.PP 3 &flNP 4 &.VP 3 & PP 4 & PP 5 & PP 6. This
is a compound sentence used for narration.
Np (S) & have T(Past) not & D Aj N (DO): & N N (S) & Vt T(Past)
&Np (DO) tthDNAv8zPDN. NP1&VP1&NP2&NP3&
VP 2 &,NP 4 &‘PP 1. This is compound and used for exposition.
Expl & be T(Past) Av, & P D N, & S D N be T(Past) Viwen & P N.
Ex 1 & VP 1 & PP 1 & S-cl l (S) & PP 2. This is a complex
sentence used for exposition.
Np (S) & Vt T(Past) &: p (DO), &.Av, & S D N have T(Past)
Vt-ean toVi, &PDN&RNpMT(Past) beQAj8zPDN&C
to be Vi-en & P D D N. NP 1 & VP 1 &,NP 2 & VP 1 (cont.) &
S—cl 1 & PP 1 & R—cl 1 & PP 2 & R-cl 1 (cont.) & PP 3. This

is a complex sentence used for exposition.

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(61)

(62)

(53)

(64)

147
Np (S)&VtT(Past)&Np (DO)&PNN&PNp,&CPDN, &PD
N & P D N, & S Np be T(Past) Vi~en &1?D N,&.S Np have T(Past)
Vt-en Np &.S Np M T(Past) Vt to be, &flNp (S) & Vt T(Past) & P N
& D‘N (D0) & P D N. NP 1 &.VP 1 &.NP 2 &.PP 1 & PP 2 & PP 3 &
PP 4 & PP 5 & S~C1 1 & PP 6 & S~c1 2 & S-Cl 3 &.NP 3 & VP 2 &
PP 7 & NP 4 & PP 8. This is a compound~comp1ex sentence used
for narration.
Av Vt-ing to Vt Np &,P N N & P D N, &:Np (S) & Vi T(Past) Av C
Vt T(Past) & D Aj N (DO) & P N. NP 1 & PP 1 & PP 2 &.NP 1
(cont.) & VP 1 &.NP 2 & PP 3. This is a simple sentence used
for narration.
S D N be T(Past) Vi~en &.Np (S) & be T(Past) & Aj (PN) to Vi
Av, 880 SNp be T(Past) Vi—en to VtN &P DN 8.P Av Vi-ing8z
Np (S) & M T(Past) Vt & P N &.S Np have T(Past) Av be-en Q Aj.
S-Cl 1 & NP 1 & VP 1 &LNP 2 & S-cl 2 & PP 1 & PP 2 & NP 3 &
VP 2 & PP 3 & S—cl 3 (DO). This is a compounducomplex sentence
used for reflection.
Np (S) &.M T(Pres)' not Vt & to Vt (DO) &.P N &LS Np be T(Past)
Aj & R (del) Np be T(Past) Q Q Aj & P N N; &.C Np (S) be
T(Past) &Av Aj (PN) &RN N have T(Past) DAjN &P Vt-ing8z
P N &.P N &.D N &.P R D'N be T(Past) not Q Aj AV &.S Np be
T(Past) Q Aj. NP 1 & VP 1 &.NP 2 & PP 1 & Sucl 1 & R-Cl 1 &
PP2&NP3&VP2&NP48zR-c12&PP3&PP4&PP5&PP3
(cont.) & R-cl 3 & S-cl 2. This is a compound-complex sentence
used for reflection.
Expl & be T(Past) &sz (S) & R(de1) Np Vt T(Past) Q Av C to Vt

& P D Aj N & D‘N & R (del) Np Vt T(Past). Ex 1 & VP 1 & NP 1 &

148

(64) (cont.) R-cl 1 & PP 1 & R~c1 1 (cont.) & R—cl 2. This is a

(65)

(56)

(67)

(68)

(69)

(70)

complex sentence used for exposition.
Np(S)&haveT(Past)Vt~en&DN(DO)&PNN&PDN,&CPD
N&DN(S)&ViT(Past)Av. NP1&VP1&NP2&PP1&PP2
&PP3&NP3&VP 2. This isacompound sentence used for
narration.

D N (S) 8.P Np &Vi T(Past) 8. P D DN, 81 C Np (S) 8. Vt T(Past)
&Np(D0)ViAv&PDN&PNp&Av&PN. NP1&PP1&VP1
&PP2&NP2&VP2&NP3&PP3&PP4&NP3(cont.)&
PP 5. This is a compound sentence used for narration.
Np(S)&VtT(Past)&Np(DO)&PN&PN&P(de1)DN,&CP
DN &Np (S) &Vt T(Past) &Np (D0) to Vi &P Np &P (de1)DN
&PDN&CPDN. NP1&VP1&NP2&PP1&PP2&PP3&
PP4&NP3&VP2&NP4&PP5&PP6&PP7&PP8. This
is a compound sentence used for narration.
P(de1)DN&DN(S)&ViT(Past)&PPNN,&Vi~en&PDN,
&PRDN be T(Past)DN to Vt&RNp Vi T(Past)&PVtg~ing
NpDN. PP1&NP1&VP1&PP2&NP1(cont.)8zPP38z
R~c1 1 & R—cl 2 & PP 4. This is a complex sentence used for
narration.

Np (S) & be T(Past) & D N (PN) 82 P DN, 8. S Np (del) be (del)
T(Past) (del) not AvDN,8zCNp (S)&Vte T(Past)&DN (DO)
Aj(OC)&PNp. NP1&VP1&NP2&PP1&S-c11&NP3&
VP 2 8. NP 4 8. PP 2. This is a compound~complex sentence used
for narration.

AjSDN be T(Past)&Np (S)&MT(Past) Av Av Vt&Np (DO)&

PDN&CVt&Np (DO). S-c11&NP1&VP1&NP2&PPl&

 

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(71)

(72)

(73)

(74)

(75)

149
(cont.) VP 1 (cont.) &.NP 3. This is a complex sentence used
for narration.
Np (S) & Vi T(Past) & S Np have T(Past) Vi-en, & C Np (S) & be
T(Past) & Av S‘Np M T(Past)'not have Vi—en. NP 1 & VP 1 &
S-cl 1 (DO) &,NP 2 & VP 2 & S-cl 2 (PN). This is a compoundm
complex sentence used for reflection.
Np (S) & have T(Past) be-en Viuen & P Av & to be Aj, & C P N &
P N &,Np (S) & have T(Past)’not beuen Aj (PN) & P N: & R.Np
have T(Past) Vi-en & P P N & be T(Past) Av & D Aj Aj, Aj N (PN)
&PDN'sN. NP18.VP18.PP18.VP 1(cont.)&PP2&PP3&
NP 2 & VP 2 & NP 3 & PP 4 & R~C1 l (S) & PP 5 & VP 3 & NP 4 &
PP 6. This is compound~comp1ex and used for narration.
Np (S) &R (del) be (del) T(Past) (del) QAj8zPN N'sN &M
T(Past)'not Av be Vi-en, & C Np (S) & be T(Past) Av & Aj (PN)
& P D have-ing (& P D'N, P D AjuN N) & Vt~en D N & P D N &
Av to be Q Av Aj. NP 1 & R-cl 1 & PP 1 & VP 1 &,NP 2 & VP 2
& NP 3 & PP 2 & PP 3 & PP 4 & PP 2 (cont.) & PP 5 & PP 2
(cont.). This is compound~comp1ex and used for exposition.
P Np, &.Np (S) &‘Vt T(Past) Av Q Av & R have T(Past) Viwen, & C
S D N~~Q.Aj C D Aj N &,P N__ & have T(Past) bewen Viuen & P D N
& to Vt Np. PP 1 &.NP 1 & VP 1 & R~c1 1 (DO) & S~c1 1 (DO) &
PP 2 & S—cl 1 (cont.) & PP 3 & S~c1 1 (cont.). This is a
complex sentence used for reflection.
Expl & have T(Past) be-en & D Aj N (S) &,P N, & D N (S) & P D
Aj N, & C Av, &‘P D Aj Aj‘N & P D N, & D N (S) & P D N's
have-ing Vi-en Av C Vt-en Np & P D N. Ex 1 & VP 1 &ENP 1 &

PP 1 &.NP 2 & PP 2 & VP 1 (cont.) & PP 3 & PP 4 &‘NP 3 & PP 5

150

(75) (cont.) & PP 6. This is simple and used for reflection.

(76) Np (S) 8. Vt T(Past) & Np (DO) 8: Av 81 S D N be T(Past) Av, 81 C

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(78)

(79)

(80)

Np (S)D&VtT(Past)&.N(DO)&PDN. NP1&VP1&NP2&
VPl(cont.)8zS-c11&NP3&VP2&NP4&PP 1. This isa
compound-complex sentence used for reflection.
PDN&PPDN&Np(S)&VtT(Past)&DN(DO)&AV,&CDN
(S) & R (del) Np Vi T(Past) &.P Np & be T(Pres) & R Np Vi
T(Past),&PDN&PDN,&PDN&PN. PP1&PP2&NP1
&VP1&NP2&VP1(cont.)&NP3&R~c11&PP3&VP2&
R-c12(PN)&PP4&PP5&PP6&PP 7. This isacompound-
complex sentence used for reflection.

N N'shi(S)& be T(Past) & C C D‘N (PN) Av Aj, & C C (del) D N
(PN) Av to Vtgin (& Expl & be T(Past) &.D N (S) & to Vt Np
(PN))&DAjN,DAjCAjN&PDN&PR-&CPNpD--&Nth
T(Past)DAjN. NP1&VP1&NP2&NP3&Ex1&VP2&NP4
&NP 5 &NP 3 (cont.) 81. PP l 81 R~c1 1 &PP 2 81 R—~c1 1 (cont.).
This is a compound~comp1ex sentence used for narration.

DIN C Np Av &fiNp (S) & Vt T(Past) & D Aj N (DO), & C Vtguing‘Np
D Aj N &.P N N's Aj N, Vt T(Past) & P Np &.D N (00) &,P D‘N, &
S, & S (del) Np M T(Pres) Vi, & N N be T(Past) Q Av Viwen & S
Np Vt T(Past) not D D N. VP 1 &LNP 1 & VP 1 (cont.) &.NP 2 &
NP 1 (cont.) &,PP l & VP 1 (cont.) &.PP 2 &INP 3 &‘PP 3 &

S~c1 1 & S-cl 2 & S-cl 1 (cont.) & S—cl 3. This is a complex
sentence used for narration.

Np (S) & be T(Past) Av, & P D N &.P D N, & D Q Aj N (PN), & S S
& P (del) D‘N &.S, & P D N, &,N N have T(Past) Vt~en to Vtgle

Np 8: Np Av Vt T(Past) D N 81 S Np Vi T(Past). Np 1 8. VP 1 8.

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(81)

(82)

(83)

(84)

(85)

(86)

151
(cont.) PP 1 & PP 2 &.NP 2 & S~c1 1 & PP 3 & S-cl 2 & PP 4 &
S-cl 2 (cont.) & S—cl 1 (cont.) & S~c1 3. This is a complex
sentence used for narration.
Np (S) & be T(Past) R D Aj N (PN) & P D N~~& P (del) Np &,R
(del) Np have T(Past) Vi-en Av Q Av, & P D N, & C Av Vi-en Av
Av to Vi. NP 1 & VP 1 &;NP 2 & PP 1 & PP 2 & R~c1 1 & PP 3 &
R-cl 1 (cont.). This is complex and used for narration.
Np (S) & have T(Past) be~en Vtuing &flNp (DO) & AV'& S Np Vi
T(Past) & P P Np, & C Np (S) & have T(Past) Vi-en Av & P D D N.
NP1&VP1&NP2&VP l (cont.)&S—cl 1&PP1&NP3&VP2
& PP 2. This is compoundmcomplex and used for narration.
Aj, Aj, Aj, Np (S) & M T(Past) have Vi-en & P D Aj Aj, Aj N~~&
P(de1) D N & P N & P D N's Aj N. Np 1 & VP 1 & PP 1 & PP 2 &
PP 3 & PP 4. This is a simple sentence used for exposition.
S (del) D N &;Np (S) & Vt T(Past) & be (del) T(Past) (del) Av
Aj, Av D Aj & R (del) Np have T(Past) Av Viuen; C D Aj N (S) &
P Np, &.Aj Q & P Aj N, & be T(Past) Av, &;P Aj N, & DiN (PN) &
P N, & D Aj, Aj N (PN). S~c1 1 (DO) & NP 1 & VP 1 & chl 1
(cont.)&R~c1 1&NP2&PP1&NP 2 (cont.)&PP 2&VP 28.
PP 3 &‘NP 3 &.PP 4 &,NP 4. This is a compoundwcomplex sentence

used for reflection.

Np (S) & Vt T(Pres) Q.Av Vt-ing & S D Aj N M T(Past) Av be Q Aj.

NP 1 & VP 1 & S-cl 1 (DO). This is a complex sentence used

for reflection.

DN (S)&PDN, &PDN, &Vt T(Past)&Np(DO)Vt&SSNp be
T(Past), & P D N &.P N, & P Aj N &.P Np-- & be T(Past) D Aj N &

P R Np have T(Past) be-en Vi-en. NP 1 & PP 1 & PP 2 & VP 1 &

"“fl

 

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(87)

(88)

(89)

(90)

(91)

(92)

152
(cont.)NP2&S—c11&PP3&PP4&PP5&PP6&S—c11
(cont.) & R-cl 1. This is complex and used for reflection.
Expl & be T(Past) & Aj N (PN) & Av to be Vt-en D N (S). Ex 1
&‘VP 1 &,NP 1 & NP 2. This is simple and used for reflection.
D‘N (S) & R (del) Np Av Vi T(Past) & have T(Past) & D D N (D0),
& D Aj N (DO) & P D N Aj C Aj: & Np (S) & be T(Past) & N (PN) [
Vi-ing & P D N, & S D N have T(Past) Vi—en & P N. NP 1 &
R~c11&VP1&NP2&NP3&PP1&NP4&VP2&NP5&PP2
& Sucl 1 & PP 3. This is compound—complex and used for

reflection.

 

Np (S) & have T(Past) Av bemen & Q Av Aj (PN) & P D D N. NP 1
& VP 1 &ZNP 2 & PP 1. This is simple and used for exposition.
C S Np have T(Past) Vt-en D D Aj N & P D Np, & S Np have
T(Past)Vt-enN &PN&Vt—ingN&PN, &VtDDN&PDN,&
Np (S) &.Vl T(Past) & Aj (PN) &‘P D Aj Aj N. S~c1 1 & PP 1 &
S—cl 2 8 PP 2 & S-cl 2 (cont.) & PP 3 & S~cl 2 (cont.) & PP 4
&,NP 1 & VP 1 &.NP 2 &.PP 5. This is a complex sentence used
for narration.

" DA, & Av, &.P Np, & be T(Pres) &sz (S) & Viming to Vt Np?" &
Np (S) & vi T(Past). Ex 1 & VP 1 & PP 1 & VP 1 (cont.) &zNP 1

& VP 1 (cont.) &iNP 2 &,VP 2. This is a compound sentence used
for dialogue.

"Np (S) & 'be T(Pres) & Av Aj (PN), & C D N (DO) &.Np (S) & M
T(Pres) Vt, & D‘N C'N (DO), & D Aj, D Aj N (DO) &.Np (S) & M
T(Pres)Vt'." NP1&VP1&NP2&NP3&NP4&VP2&NP58z
NP 6 &HNP 7 & VP 3. This is a compound sentence used for

dialogue.

pNU

/1\

av,
an:

 

153

(93) ”Excl &.Np (S) (del) & Vi (del) T(Pres) (del) & P D D N &.P D
Aj N1" Ex 1 & NP 1 & VP 1 & PP 1 & PP 2. This is a simple
sentence used for dialogue.

(94) "Be T(Pres)'not &.Np (S) & Av & D D N (PN), & C be T(Pres)'not
8. Np (S), 8. P D Aj N,8. Aj (PN) Q?” &Np (S) 8. Vi T(Past), 8.
Vi-ing & P D N & P D N & P D Aj N & C P (del) D Aj N & P D Aj
Aj N. VP 1 &.NP 1 & VP 1 (cont.) &,NP 2 & VP 2 & NP 3 & PP l
&.NP 4 & NP 5 & VP 3 & NP 5 (cont.) & PP 2 & PP 3 & PP 4 & PP 5
& PP 6. This is a compound sentence used for dialogue and
narration.

(95) ”N (S) & be T(Pres)'not & R Np'have T(Pres) Vt—en AV: & D N (S)
& have T(Pres)'not be—en & to Vt Np (PN), & C to Vt Np (PN).”
NP 1 & VP 1 & R~C1 1 (PN) &,NP 2 & VP 2 & NP 3 &.NP 4. This is
a compounducomplex sentence used for dialogue.

(96) "P N & D N (S) & Vt T(Past) & D Aj N (DO), & C Np (S) & Vt
T(Pres) & S (del) Expl M T(Past) have be-en D N & P D N.”

PP 1 &zNP 1 & VP 1 & NP 2 &.NP 3 & VP 2 & S~c1 1 (DO) & PP 2.
This is a compound-complex sentence used for dialogue.

(97) ”D N (S) & R (del) Np Vi T(Pres) & have T(Pres) & D N (DO) & S
D N-N Vi (del) T(Pres) (del),"t NP 1 & R-cl 1 & VP 1 &.NP 2 &
S~c1 1. This is a complex sentence used for dialogue.

(98) "D Aj N (S) & be T(Pres) Av & to Vi (PN) & P D N." NP 1 & VP 1
& NP 2 & PP 1. This is a simple sentence used for dialogue.

(99) "Np (S) & be T(Pres) AV & R,Np Vt T(Pres).” NP 1 & VP 1 &

R-cl 1 (PN). This is a complex sentence used for dialogue.

(100) N N (S) & Vi T(Past) & P Np & P N--D Aj N & S Np have T(Past)~~

& P R, & S Np Av Vt T(Pres) D N, &‘Np Vi T(Pres) to have Vtmen

154

(100) (cont.) D Aj N &,P D N. NP 1 & VP 1 & PP 1 & PP 2 & S-cl 1 &
R-cl 1 & S-cl 2 & R-cl 1 (cont.) & PP 3. This is a complex
sentence used for narration and reflection.

(101) Np (S) & be T(Past) & D'N Aj (PN), & C D N (S) & have T(Past)
be-en & Aj (PN), & D N (S) & have (del) T(Past) (del) beuen
(de1)8.Aj(PN). NP1&VP1&NP2&NP3&VP2&NP4&
NP 5 &‘VP 3 & NP 6. This is compound and used for exposition.

(102) "Np (S) & be T(Pres)'not & S S‘Np be T(Past)'not Q Aj." NP 1
&‘VP 1 & S~cl 1 (PN). This is complex and used for dialogue.

(103) ”Excl, & S Np be T(Past)’not Q Aj &sz (S) & M T(Past)'not Vi
& P Np!” &.Np (S) & Av Vi T(Past). Ex 1 & S-cl 1 &zNP 1 &

VP 1 & PP 1 &.NP 2 & VP 2. This is a compound~comp1ex
sentence used for dialogue and exposition.

(104) Np (S) & have T(Past) & D & Vi-en Av, & Vi-en & P D Aj N &,P
Np D, & C Np (S) & have T(Past) Vt-en & D N (DO). NP 1 & VP 1
&.NP 1 (cont.) & VP 1 (cont.) &;NP 1 (cont.) & PP 1 & PP 2 &
NP 2 & VP 2 &.NP 3. This is compound and used for narration.

(105) Np (S) & have T(Past) Vtuen & D Aj N (DO), & C P Aj N, & P N
8.PN8.PDN,8.Np(S)8.Vt T(Past)&Np(DO)&PDN&PDN.
NP 1 & VP 1 &UNP 2 &.PP 1 & PP 2 & PP 3 &.PP 4 &INP 3 & VP 2 &
NP 4 & PP 5 & PP 6. This is compound and used for narration.

(106) "S Np be T(Past)'not Aj &;Np (S) & M T(Past)'not have Viuen &
P Np)" S~c1 1 &lNP 1 & VP 1 & PP 1. This is a complex
sentence used for dialogue.

(107) Np (S) & Vt T(Past) & DiN (DO) & P D N. NP 1 & VP 1 &.NP 2 &

PP 1. This is a simple sentence used for narration.

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155
"Np (S) & M T(Pres)'not Vt & to be Aj (D0), & C'Np (S) & 'be
T(Pres) not & Aj (PN),” &:Np (S) & Vi T(Past). NP 1 & VP 1 &
NP 2 &.NP 3 & VP 2 &‘NP 4 &‘NP 5 & VP 3. This is a compound
sentence used for dialogue.
"Np (S) & 'be T(Pres) & Aj (PN) &.R & P D N & R (del) Np Vi
T(Pres) Av 8: P N 82 Np have T(Past) N Aj.” NP 1 8. VP 1 88 NP 2
& R~c1 1 &‘PP 1 & R~cl 2 & PP 2 & R~c1 1 (cont.). This is a
complex sentence used for dialogue.
“Np (S) & Vi T(Past) & P D D N." NP 1 & VP 1 & PP 1. This
is a simple sentence used for dialogue.
"Np (S) & Vi T(Pres) & P Np C Np & Q Q Av.” NP 1 & VP 1 &
PP 1 &‘VP 1 (cont.). This is simple and used for dialogue.
"Np (S) & ’be T(Pres) & R Vte T(Pres) Np, & S‘Np M T(Pres) Vt
D N, & Q Aj." NP 1 & VP 1 & R~c1 1 (PN) & S-cl 1 & R~c1 1
(cont.). This is a complex sentence used for dialogue.
” P D N &.S Q D N be T(Pres) Aj &.Np (S) & Vi T(Pres) & P D Aj
N." PP l & Sucl 1 & NP 1 & VP 1 & PP 2. This is a complex
sentence used for dialogue.
”C, Np (S) (del) & Vt T(Pres) &sz (DO), & D D Np, & S (del)
Np'be T(Pres) Ajl” NP 1 & VP 1 &.NP 2 & VP 1 (cont.) & S~c1 1.
This is a complex sentence used for dialogue.
"Np (S) (del) &.Vt T(Pres) &sz (DO), & Av, & S (del) Npibe
T(Pres) not, & S Np be T(Past) Vt-ing Np Av, & 'Aj.'" NP 1
& VP 1 &JNP 2 &.VP 1 (cont.) & S~c1 1 & S-cl 2 & S-cl I(cont.).
This is a complex sentence used for dialogue.

"S Np be T(Past)'not D N, 8. Np (S) & M T(Past) be 8. D N (PN) 8.

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156
(cont.) P Vi—ing?" S—cl 1 &;NP 1 & VP 1 &.NP 2 & PP 1.
This is a complex sentence used for dialogue.
”Np (S) & 'be T(Pres) & D DIN (PN) &,P D'N & P D Nu- & S Np Vt
T(Pres) Np ’Vi,’ & S D‘N Vi T(Pres)}T NP 1 & VP 1 &.NP 2 &
PP 1 & PP 2 & S—cl 1 (S) & Sacl 2. This is a complex sentence
used for dialogue.
"Np (S) &‘Vi T(Pres) Av & P D N, & C D Np (S) & R Vt T(Pres)
Np 81 be T(Pres) Aj (PN).” NP 1 8: VP 1 81 PP 1 &NP 2 8L
R-cl 1 & VP 2 & NP 3. This is a compound-complex sentence
used for dialogue.
“'Np (S) & be T(Pres) & Aj (PN) to Vt &.S N N, D Aj N, be
T(Pres) Av8zPDN &PAjN.” NP 1 &VP 1 &NP 28: S~c1 1
& PP 1 & PP 2. This is complex and used for dialogue.
”Av &flNp (S) &,M T(Past)'not Vt & to Vt Np (D0)." VP 1 &.NP 1
& VP 1 (cont.) &.NP 2. This is simple and used for dialogue.
”Np (S) &.M '(Pres)'not Vt &in (D0); Np (S) & 'be T(Pres)
not & P D N & Aj (PN)H~& D'N (S) & Vt T(Pres) & Np (D0).“
NP 1 & VP 1 &.NP 2 &.NP 3 & VP 2 & PP 1 &,NP 4 & NP 5 & VP 3
&.NP 6. This is a compound sentence used for dialogue.
” C M T(Past)'not 8. Np (S) 8. V't Av & to Vt (DO) 8. S (del) Np be
T(Past) Aj C Aj?" &.D N (S) & Vi T(Past). VP 1 &.NP 1 & VP 1
(cont.) &HNP 2 & S~c1 1 &.NP 3 & VP 2. This is a compound-
complex sentence used for dialogue.
“Np (S) (del) & M(de1) T(Past)(de1) Vt (del) &‘Np (DO) (del)
& Av-—éz_éz; & Expl & be T(Pres) &ch (S) & Q Aj (PN).” NP 1
&VP1&NP2&VP1(cont.)&Ex1&VP2&NP3&NP 4.

This is a compound sentence used for dialogue.

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157
"Np (S) & Av Vt T(Pres) R D Aj N M T(Pres) Vi--& Np (S) &
have T(Pres) Vt—en & D'Np (D0)." NP 1 & VP 1 & R~c1 1 (D0)
& NP 2 & VP 2 & NP 3. This is a compoundwcomplex sentence
used for dialogue.
"Av, 81 Np (S) 8: M T(Pres) Vt 81 D N (D0) 8: P Np; &Np (S) 8: M
T(Pres) be 8. Q Aj (PN) 8. s Np M T(Pres)." VP 1 8. NP 1 8. VP 1
(cont.) &NP 2 &PP 1 &NP 3 &VP 2 &NP 4 8. S—cl 1. This is
a compound-complex sentence used for dialogue.
"‘M T(Pres)'not &flNp (S) & Vt & D N (DO) & P have—ing Av Vt~en
D N?" VP 1 &1NP 1 & VP 1 (cont.) & NP 2 & PP 1. This is a
simple sentence used for dialogue.
"Np (S) (del) 88 Vt (del) T(Pres) (del) 88 Np (DO) (del) 88 Av, 81
N (S) (del) & Vt T(Pres) &.Np (DO) Vi; & C D‘N (S) & be
T(Pres) Av & D‘N (PN)." NP 1 & VP 1 & NP 2 & VP 1 (cont.) &
NP 3 &VP 2&NP 4 &NP 5 &VP 3 &NP 6. This is a compound
sentence used for dialogue.
P B'N & D N~N (S) & Vi T(Past) & P D N & R Vi T(Past) & P D N:
&?N (S) & Vi T(Past) &;P D Aj N, &:C D N (S) & P N, & P D Aj
”N,N?” & be T(Past) Av & D Aj N (PN). PP l & NP 1 & VP 1 &
PP 2 &.Rucl 1 & PP 3 & NP 2 &.VP 2 & PP 4 &INP 3 & PP 5 & PP 6
& VP 3 &,NP 4. This is a compoundmcomplex sentence used for
narration.
Np (S) & Vt T(Past) & D D N (DO) & P D N, & P R.Np have
T(Past) Vi-en & P Vi-ing & P N & P N. NP 1 & VP 1 &.NP 2 &
PP 1 & R-cl 1 & PP 2 &.PP 3 & PP 4. This is a complex

sentence used for narration.

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(130) Np (S) & have T(Past) & D Aj N (DU) & P Np's havewing Vi~en
Av, &.C Np (S) & have T(Past) Av, & P N, & Vt-en &.N N (DO)
&PPN. NP1&VP1&NP2&PP1&NP3&VP2&PP281
VP 2 (cont.) &.NP 4 & PP 3. This is a compound sentence
used for reflection and exposition.

(131) Np (S) & Av Vi T(Past) to Vi & P D N, & R Vtg T(Past) Np, & P
DN,&DNCN,&SAj,Aj,NpViT(Past)&PDN81PDN.
NP 1 &.VP 1 & PP 1 & chl 1 & PP 2 & R~c1 1 (cont.) & S~c1 l
& PP 3 & PP 4. This is complex and used for narration.

(132) DN (S) 81P DN &Vl T(Past) 81 Av Aj (PN) &P Np, 81 C Np (S)
& Vt T(Past) &.Np (DO) & S Np be T(Past) D D Aj N &.R have
T(Past) Vinen Av D D N Av to Vt Np & P D D N. NP 1 & PP 1 &
VP 1 &.NP 2 & PP 2 &LNP 3 & VP 2 &LNP 4 & S~c1 1 (DO) & chl 1
&_PP 3. This is compounducomplex and used for reflection.

(133) S Np Vt T(Past) D N &,Np (S) & have T(Past) Vi~en & P D‘N, &
C D N (S) (& D D N N (S) & have T(Past) Viuen Av) & have
T(Past) Vt-en &.D N C‘N (DO) &,P D N. S~c1 1 &.NP 1 & VP 1 &
PP 1 &:NP 2 &LNP 3 & VP 2 & VP 3 &,NP 4 & PP 2. This is a
compounducomplex sentence used for narration.

(134) Np (S) & Vi T(Past) Av Av & P D N, & R be T(Past) D Aj N, & C
Av, & P Vt-ing D N, & Vt T(Past) & D N (DO) & P D N. NP 1 &
VP 1 & PP 1 & R-cl 1 & VP 1 (cont.) & PP 2 & VP 1 (cont.) &
NP 2 & PP 3. This is complex and used for narration.

(135) Np (S) 8. beT(Past)81DN (PN)81P AjN,&_D_11(PN)81P DN,
NP181VP181NP281PP181NP381PP 2. This isasimple

sentence used for exposition.

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159
Np (S) & AV’Vi T(Past) & P N, & Cin (S) &‘Vt T(Past) &.S Np &
P Np & have T(Past) Av Vi-en & P D'N Av Aj. NP 1 & VP 1 &
PP 1 &NP 2 &VP 2813-421 1(DO)81PP 2813-421 1 (cont.)&
PP 3. This is compound~comp1ex and sued for exposition.
Din (S) & have T(Past) & D Aj N (DO) & P D "N" N, & C, Vtuing
D N, Np (S) & Vt T(Past) &.Np (D0) to be Viuen & P D N & C

Vi-en81PDN81PDN. NP181VP181NP281PP181NP381

»VP2&NP4&PP2&NP4(cont.)&PP3&PP 4. This isa

compound sentence used for narration.

Np (S) 81Ath T(Past ) 81 Sl_)_N_have T(Past) Vi-en &PNp, 81C
Np (S) & have T(Past) not Vt—en & D Aj Aj N (DO) & P D N.
NP181VP181S~C11(DO)&PP181NP281VP281NP381PP2.
This is a compounducomplex sentence used for reflection.

Np (S) & Vt T (Past) & D N (D0) & C Vt T(Past) &sz (D0) Vt D N
81P(de1)DN. NP181VP181NP281VP 1 (cont.)81NP381

PP 1. This is a simple sentence used for narration.

S‘Np Vi T(Past) Aj & P D N &‘Np (S) &.Vt T(Pres) & S (del) Np
have T(Past) D N & P R be T(Past) to be. S~c1 1 & PP 1 &.NP 1
& VP 1 & S—cl 2 (DO) & R~c1 1. This is a complex sentence
used for reflection.

Np (S) & have T(Past) Av & D N (DO) & P D N & R (del) Np M
T(Past) Av Vi & P N N, & Vi-ing & S Np be T(Past) & P N N.
NP181VP181NP281PP181R-c1 181PP 2&R-c11(cont.)

& S-cl l & PP 3. This is complex and used for reflection.
PN,81Av,81P (de1)DDN81DN (S)81P121i81beT(Past)81

P DiN. PP 1 & VP 1 & PP 2 &fiNP l & PP 3 & VP 1 (cont.) &

PP 4. This is a simple sentence used for narration.

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160
D N (S) & be T(Past) not, & S (del) Np Vt T(Past) N, & D N
(PN): 81 Np (S) 81 be T(Past) 81 D “N," D Np (PN) 81 P Np, 81
Vt-ing N N &.P D Aj N. NP 1 & VP 1 & Smcl 1 &.NP 2 &INP 3 &
VP 2 &.NP 4 & PP l & NP 4 (cont.) & PP 2. This is a compound—
complex sentence used for exposition.
D Aj N (S), D Np & P D N, & have T(Past) bemen & P (del) Av D
N c Np 8. Av,& C 211 (S), AV Aj 8. P Np, 8. Vt T(Past), Av Av 8.

P D‘N &.P D N, &.D N (DO) & P D D Aj. NP 1 &'PP 1 & VP 1 &

.PP281VP1(cont.)81NP281PP381VP281PP481PP5&NP3

& PP 6. This is compound and used for narration.

D N (S) & have T(Past) beuen Vi—ing & P (del) D D N & P D N &
PDVt—inng. NP1&VP1&PP181PP281PP3. This isa
simple sentence used for narration.

D Aj Aj N (S) & have T(Past) Vt~en &,Np (DO) & C Av &,Np (S)

& be T(Past) Vi—en C Vi~en C Vi~en. NP 1 & VP 1 &JNP 2 & VP 2
& NP 3 & VP 2 (cont.). This is a compound sentence used for
narration.

D N (S) & be T(Past) Vt—en &;Np (DO) & Q Av & S S D Aj N &.P D
N & have T(Past) Vi—en &.P D Aj N; &INp (S) & be T(Past) to Vi
Av C Av Av, Av C Av, & P D Aj‘N C D Aj'N~~& Av P D N C D N.
NP181VP181NP281VP1(»cont.)&S~c11&PP181S-~c11
(cont.) &.PP 2 &MNP 3 & VP 2 & PP 3 & PP 4. This is a
compound-complex sentence used for narration and reflection.

D N (S) & be T(Past) & D N (PN);& Np (S)& have T(Past) Vt-en
&N (D0)81PDN-a-81Vi-enAv81P(de1)DAjN. NP181VP181
NP281NP381VP281NP481PPl&VP2(cont.)81PP 2. This

is a compound sentence used for exposition.

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(149) D Aj N (S) & be T(Past) Vimen, & C Expl & be T(Past) & D Aj N
(PN) & S (del) Np be T(Past) Av. NP 1 & VP 1 & Ex 1 & VP 2 &
NP 2 & S-cl 1 (S). This is a compoundwcomplex sentence used
for reflection.

(150) R D'Np Vt T(Past) &‘Vi T(Past) & P Np, C Np (S) & Vt T(Pres)
& S (del) Np V1 T(Past) D Av.Aj~-& Np (S) & Vt T(Past) & Q D
Np (D0) &SNpMT(Past) Vt "'N'” AV81P DN. R~c1 1 (S) &VP 1
&PP1&NP181VP281S-cll(DO)&NP2&VP381NP3&
Smcl 2 & PP 2. This is a compoundwcomplex sentence used for
reflection.

(151) P DiN, & Av, &sz (S) & be T(Past) & Aj (PN); & D Aj N (S) &
R (del) Np Vi T(Pres) P & have T(Past) Vt-en &,Np (D0) & Av.
PP181VP181NP 1&VP1 (cont.)81NP281NP381R-cl 181
.VP 2 &ENP 4 & VP 2 (cont.). This is a compound-complex
sentence used for reflection.

(152) Np (S) & have T(Past) Vt~en Av, & S (del) Np Vi T(Pres), & D
Aj Aj N (DO), & D AjIN (D0) &.C D‘N (DO), & C have T(Past)
Vt-en81Np (DO)81PDN81PDNAjCAj. NP 181VP1818~c11
&NP281NP381NP481VP 1 (cont.)81NP581PP181PP 2.
This is a complex sentence used for reflection.

(153) S N NIM T(Past) Vi & P P D N &;Np (S) &‘M T(Past) Vi Av & P
(del) D N. S~c1 1 & PP 1 &‘NP 1 & VP 1 & PP 2. This is a
complex sentence used for reflection.

(154) Np (S) & be T(Past) & R have T(Past) Vi-en: & D Aj N (S) & be
T(Past) to be Vi-en & P D Aj N. NP 1 & VP 1 & R-cl L (PN) &
NP 2 & VP 2 & PP 1. This is a compound-complex sentence used -

for reflection.

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Np (S) &‘Vi T(Past) & S S Np have T(Past) Viuen &.P D N &.P D
'N & C Vi-en & P P D N. NP 1 & VP 1 & S-cl 1 &,PP 1 & PP'2 &
S—cl 1 (cont.) & PP 3. This is a complex sentence used for
reflection.
P (del) D Q D N (del) & C Np (S) &.M T(Past) have Vi-en & P D
AjN81PN81CVi—en. PP181NP181VP181PP281PP381VP1
(cont.). This is a simple sentence used for reflection.
S Np Vi T(Past) Av &,Np (S) & be T(Past) Av &,S S Np have
T(Past) Be-en & P N, & C P Np &.Vi T(Past) & D Aj N (S) & P
ij Aj N,R,81PSNp Vt T(Past)N,81MT(Past) have be-en
DN,&CPR&PDDN&NthTCPast)DAjAjN. S-c11&
NP 1 & VP 1 & S~c1 2 (PN) & PP 1 & PP 2 & VP 2 &LNP 2 & PP 3
& R~cl 1 & S-cl 3 & R-cl 1 (cont.) & Reel 2 & PP 4 & R~c1 2
(cont.). This is a compound-complex sentence used for
narration and exposition.
"Np (S) & be T(Pres) &iN N (PN),” & Vi T(Past) &;N (S), Vi~ing,
& S (del) Np Vi T(Past), & Q Av: “&.Np (S) & Vt T(Pres) & to
Vt (D0) 81 s (de1)N Vt T(Pres) Np 8. P Np." NP 1 8. VP 1 &NP 2
& VP 2 &.NP 3 & S~c1 1 &.NP 3 (cont.) &:NP 4 & VP 3 &:NP 5 &
Sucl 2 & PP 1. This is a compound~comp1ex sentence used for
dialogue and exposition.
Np (S) &‘Vi T(Past) &,S Np Vt T(Past) & Sin be T(Past) AV & R

Np D have T(Past) Vt-en. NP 1 & VP 1 & S-cl 1 & S-cl 2 &

.R-cl 1. This is complex and used for narration.

"N (D0)?"81Np (S)81Vt T(Past), &P DN &PN81RDN have
T(Past)Vi-en81PNp81PN. NP 181NP2&VP1&PP181PP 2

& R-cl 1 & PP 3 & PP 4. This is complex and used for

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(160) (cont.) narration.

(151) NN (S) &Vi T(Past), Av, 8. P D N: 8. Np (s) 8. Vt T(Past) 8. D

AjN(DO)81PDAjAjN,81CNp (S)81Vi T(Past)&SSNCNp

beT(Past)Vi-ingAv81PDN. NP 181VP 181PP 181NP281

,VP2&NP381PP281NP4&VP381S~C1181PP 3. This isa

compound-complex sentence used for narration and reflection.

(162) Np (S) &Vt T(Past) 81 S D N be T(Past) Aj. NP 1 81 VP 1 81

S-cl 1 (DO). This is complex and used for reflection.

(163) "Np (S) & be T(Past) 81 Aj (PN) 81 R Np M T(Past) be D Np 81 P D

 

N," &Np (S) &Vi T(Past). NP 1 &VP 1 &NP 2 81 R—cl 1 &PP 1

81 NP 3 81 VP 2. This is compound-complex and used for dialogue.

164) "D Aj N (S) 81 be T(Pres) Av Vi-en & P N N's N." NP 1 81 VP 1

& PP 1. This is a simple sentence used for dialogue.

'.65) "Np (S) 81 have T(Past)'not & D D N (DO) 81 P Np," 81 Vi T(Past)

81 N (S), 81 S S Np have T(Past) be-en Vt-en 81 S (del) Np have
T(Past) be-en Vi-ing. NP 1 8. VP 1 8.NP 2 81 PP 1 8. VP 2 8.NP 3

81 S--cl 1 81 S-cl 2. This is a compound~complex sentence used

for dialogue and reflection.

6) "Np (S) 81 Vt T(Pres) 81 S (del) Np have T(Pres) not Vt~en D N 81

P211,"81NN (S)81Vi 'I'(Past)81PNp. NP181VP181S~c11

(DO) 81 PP 1 81 NP 2 81 VP 2 81 PP 2. This is a compound-complex

sentence used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 81 'be T(Pres) 81 Q Q Aj (PN)-~81 Np (S) 81 'be T(Pres) 81

Np (PN) to Vi Av," 81 Np (S) 8. Vi T(Past). NP 1 81 VP 1 8.NP 2

&NP 3 &VP 281NP 481NP 581VP 3. This isacompound

sentence used for dialogue.

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Np (S) & have T(Past) Vt~en 81 to Vt Av D N (D0), 81 R be

T(Past)AvAj, &CtoVi Av (DO)&PDAjN. NP181VP 181

NP 2 81 Rmcl 1 81 NP 3 81 PP 1. This is a complex sentence used

for narration .

P D "N" 81 Np (S) 81 Vt T(Past) 81 S Np D have T(Past) Av be—en
Vi-en Av; 81 Np (S) 81 be T(Past) 81 D Aj N (PN) 81 P D N 81 P D

AjN. PP181NP181VP18LS~C11(DO)81NP281VP281NP3

81 PP 2 81 PP 3. This is compound-complex and used for

reflection.

"Np (S) 8. Vt T(Pres),” 8. D N (S) 8. Vi T(Past), 8. D N (D0) 8. P

Aj N, D Aj C Np, 81 R N---R N, 81 S (del) Np M T(Pres) Vi-—-81 be

T(Pres)81PAjN81PNN'sN&PN." NP181VP181NP281

.VP281NP 381PP 181R~c1 181S-c1 1 81R-c1 1(cont.)81PP 2

& PP 3 81 PP 4. This is compound-complex and used for dialogue.

"Np (S)81MT(Past)Ath81DN (DO)81PDN81PDN81PDN81

~R(de1) Np Q Av Vt T(Pres)." NP 1 81 VP 1 &NP 2 81 PP 1 81 PP 2

81 PP 3 81 Rn-cl 1. This is complex and used for dialogue.

"P D N 81 P D N Av Aj, 81Np (S) 81 Vt T(Pres) 81 D Aj N (DO) 81 P

2 11, 81 R Q Aj N, 'N CN'wu-81 Np (S) 81 Vt T(Pres) 81 S (del) Np

'have T(Pres) Av Vt~en Np~~81 Vt T(Pres) D N.“ PP 1 81 PP 2 81

NP181VP181NP281PP381R~c1181NP381VP2818-C11(DO)

81 R-cl 1 (cont.). This is a compounducomplex sentence used

for dialogue.

"Np (S) &beT(Past)Vi--enAvDN, &PDN8P2N,8.PDN8.

PNN,DN81P'N.'" NP181VP1&PP181PP281PP381PP4

& PP 5. This is a simple sentence used for dialogue.

 

 

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165
"Np (S)81Vte T(Past) 8.Np (DO) Av Aj (00) 81 P D N 8. P D N; 8.
Np (S) & Vi T(Past) Q Av C to Vt 81 S Np have T(Past) Vte—en D
NP181VP181NP281PP 181PP281NP381

N QAj Av &P Np."

’VP 2 & S~c1 1 81 PP 3. This is a compound-complex sentence

used for dialogue.

N N (S) 81 have T(Past) Viwen 81 P D N—N 81 C Vi~en Av 81 P N Aj C

Aj;81Np(S)81ViT(Past)AV81PDAjN&PDN,&A'V81PDN

81 R have T(Past) Av Vte-en Np Aj. NP 1 81 VP 1 81 PP 1 81 VP 1

(cont.)81PP281VP1(cont.)81NP281VP281PP381PP481

VP 2 (cont.) 81 PP 5 81 chl 1. This is a compound-complex

sentence used for narration.

D N (S) 81 have T(Past) be-en Viaen 81 P D N 81 P D N to Vi Av 81
.P D Aj N 81 R Vi T(Past) Av Av 81 C S N N Av Vt T(Past) Np 81 Np

(S) 81 Vt T(Past) 81 S Np have T(Past) Vt-—en Aj N 81 C S Expl be

T(Past)Ath-inng. NP181VP181PP181PP281PP381

-R-cl 1 81 S-cl 1 &NP 2 81 VP 2 81 Sucl 2 (D0) 81 S-cl 3 (DO).
This is compoundncomplex and used for narration and reflection.
Np (S) 81 have T(Past) Vi—en 81 P N N's haven-ing ”D N 81 P D N,”

81 C Np (S) & be T(Past) Av 81 R Np have T(Past). NP 1 81 VP 1 81

PP 1 & PP 2 81NP 2 81 VP 2 & chl 1 (PN). This is a compoundm

complex sentence used for reflection.

Expl 81 be T(Past) 81 D N. (S) 81 P D N, 81 P RNp Vi T(Past) to Vt
&PDDN &RbeT(Past)Aj&DN &PAj N; &DAjN(S)81Vt
T(Past) 81 DN (DO), 81 C DN (S), 81 S Np be T(Past) Aj 81 S(de1)
N's be T(Past) Vi-ing, 81 Vt T(Past) 81 P D N 81 D Aj Aj N (DO).
Ex 1 &VP 181NP181PP181R~=~c1 181PP 281R-c1 281R-c1 1

(cont.) &PP381NP281VP281NP381NP4&S~C1181S-c12

 

 

166

(178) (cont.) 81 VP 3 81 PP 4 81 NP 5. This is a compounducomplex
sentence used for narration and reflection.

(179) Np (8)81 Vt T(Past) 81 Q Av Aj S (del) Np M T(Past) Vte D N 81
P N N, 81 C S have-ing Vi, 81 P N N, 81 to Vi, Np M T(Pres) Vi
QAjCAj toVi. NP 1 &VP 1 &chl 1 (DO)81PP 1 81S~c1 2
(D0) 81 PP 2 81 S-cl 2 (cont.). This is a complex sentence
used for reflection.

(180) C S Np have T(Past) Vt~en D N Av, & C S D N's D N be T(Past)

81 P DN, 81 Np (S) 81 AV Vt T(Past) 81 S N N be T(Past) D N.

 

S-cl 1 81 S~c1 2 81 PP 1 81NP 1 &VP 1 81 S-cl 3 (DO). This is
a complex sentence used for reflection and narration.
181) "Excl 81 Excl, 81 Np (S) (del) 81 be (del) T(Pres) (del) 81 D Aj
1N (PN); 81 C Np (S) (del) 81 be (de1)T(Pres) (del) 81 Aj (PN), 81
S (del) Np Vi T(Pres), 81 P D N 81 R Vi T(Pres) 81 P P D Aj N."
Ex1&Ex281NPl81VP181NP281NP381VP281NP4818-c11
81 PP 1 & R-cl 1 81 PP 2. This is a compound-complex sentence
used for dialogue.
:2) "'N (S), 8. P N N-C-»N,' 8. M T(Past) Vi 8. D Av Aj (PN), 8. c N
(S) 81 be T(Pres)81QAvAj (PN)." NP 1 &PP 1 &VP 1 81NP 281
NP 3 81 VP 2 81NP 4. This is compound and used for dialogue.
5) "Have T(Pres) &Np (S) 81 Vimen 81 P 'N'?" &N N (S) 8. Vi
T(Past) Av81PDN. VP 1 81NP 1 &VP 1 &PP 1 81NP 281V? 281
PP 2. This is compound and used for dialogue and narration.
) N (S), Av Aj, Aj, 81 Vt T(Past) 81 D N (D0), 81 S S Np have
»T(Past) not Vtuen D N; 81 R (del) be (del) T(Past) (del) D N
81 R Vt T(Past) tthDAjNN QAvCDNp. NP 1 &VP 1 81NP 2

81 S-c1 1 81 R~cl 1 81 R—-c1 2. This is a complex sentence used

. 167
(184) (cont.) for narration and reflection.

(185) Av Aj, Np (S) 81 be T(Past) 81 D N (PN)-~81 Np (S) 81 Av Vt

T(Past)&tobe (DO)81PDN. NP181VP181NP281PP181

NP 3 &VP 2 81 NP 4 81 PP 2. This is a compound sentence used

for exposition.

(.186) Np (S) 81 have T(Past) Vt—en 81 D D Aj N (DO) 81 S N C Np be
T(Past) N, 81 C Np (S) 81 M T(Past) Vt 81 S Np have T(Past) Av

Vt-enD'N." NP181VP 1&NP2&S~C11&NP381VP281

.S-cl 2 (DO). This is a compound—acomplex sentence used for

narration and reflection.
.187) D N (S),81 P D N,& be T(Past) Vimen 81 P D N 81 P R Np Vi

T(Past), to Vt D N D N: "81 Excl, 81 Excl; 81 Np (S) 81 have

T(Past)'not Vtuen 81 Np (D0)." NP 1 81 PP 1 81 VP 1 81 PP 2 81

R-cl 1 81 Ex 1 &Ex 2 81NP 2 &VP 2 81NP 3. This is compound-

complex and used for narration and dialogue.

88) "Np (S) 8. M T(Pres)'not Vt 8. D N (00):" 8. Np (S) 8. Av Vi

T(Past). NP 1 81 VP 1 81NP 2 81NP 3 81 VP 2. This is a compound

sentence used for dialogue.

9) ”Np (S) (del) 81 M (del) T(Pres) (del) not (del) 81 Vt (del) 81 N

(DO) 81 R be T(Pres) QAV81P DN, 81 Excl?” NP 1 &VP 1 81NP 2

81 R-cl 1 81 PB 1 81 Ex 1. This is complex and used for dialogue.

)) Np (S)&beT(Past)Av81DN (PN)81PNN. NP181VP181NP2

81 PP 1. This is a simple sentence used for reflection.
) Np (S) 81 be T(Past) 81 D Aj N (PN); 81Np (S) 81 Vt T(Past) 81 D N

(D0) 8.P DN, 81 R, Av, Np &PNp81Vi T(Past) Av &PNp,81Av

‘S DN, Vt-s-ingDN, Vt T(PreS)DAj N. NP 1 &VP 1 81NP 281

NP 3 &V'P281NP481PP181R-~c1181PP281R-C11(cont.)81

 

168

(191) (cont.) PP 3 81 S-cl 1. This is a compound-complex sentence

used for narration.

(192) "N N (S) 81 Vi T(Pres) 81 P D Aj Aj N--81 Np (8)81 Vi T(Pres)!"

NP 1&VP 1 81 PP 1 81 NP 2 81 VP 2. This is a compound sentence

used for dialogue.
CVi-ing 81 P D D-D Aj N, 81 Np (3)81 Vt T(Past) 81 Np (DO), 81 S
NP 1 81 PP l

(193)
Np Vt T(Past) Aj N, 8. Av Vi-ing 8. P D N 8. P D N.

_rm‘r “I

 

81 NP 1 (cont.) 81 VP1 81 NP 2 81 S-cl 1 81NP 2 (cont.) 81 PP 2 81
PP 3. This is a complex sentence used for narration. i

(194) "Expl 81 'be T(Pres) 81 D N (S) 81 P R Aj N be T(Pres) Q Aj & Av

&PDN--AjAVQCAV81PNN--81PDN&PDAjN." Ex181

VP181NP181R-c11&VP1(cont.)81PP181PP281PP381
PP 4. This is a complex sentence used for dialogue.

195) "Np (S) 81 have T(Pres) 81 D N (DO), 81 Av 81 P N 81 P Np, 81 P (del)

DN, &PNN, DN 81P 'DDN Av," &RNp be T(Pres) Vi-ing P."
NP181VP181NP281VP1(cont.)81PP 181PP281PP381PP4

& PP 5 81 R-cl 1. This is complex and used for dialogue.

96) "Have T(Pres)81N N (S) 81 Vi-en & P 'D D N Av'?" VP 1 81 NP 1

81 VP 1 (cont.) 8. PP 1. This is simple and used for dialogue.

7) NNCS)81AVAVViT(Past)81PNp. NP181VP181PP 1. This

is a simple sentence used for narration.

3) Np (S) 8. Vt T(Past)81P Np 8. to Vt D N (DO), 81 s D N, Av Aj,

Vi T(Past) Av Av C Vi T(Past) Av. NP 1 81 VP 1 81 PP l 81 NP 2

81 S—cl 1. This is a complex sentence used for narration.

) DN (S) &Vt T(Past)81DN (D0)81PDN; 81Np (S)81Ath

T(Past) Av81DN (D0)81PDQAjN. NP181VP 18.NP28.

PP 1 81 NP 3 81 VP 281NP 4 81 PP 2. This is a compound sentence

 

(199)

(200)

.201)

202)

203)

04)

05)

)6)

’7)

169
(cont.) used for narration.
" N N (S), 81 S (del) Np Vi T(Pres), 81 Vt T(Pres) 81 D N (DO), D
D 81 P N N's, 81 R D Aj N have T(Pres) Av Vi-en to Vi." NP 1 81
S-cl 1 81 VP 1 81 NP 2 &PP l 81 R-cl 1. This is a complex
sentence used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 81 Vt T(Pres) 81 S Np have T(Pres) Vt-en to be Av
Vi-en." NP 1 81 VP 1 81 S-cl 1 (DO). This is a complex
sentence used for dialogue.
" P N 81 D N (S) 81 Vte T(Pres) 81 Np (DO) D Q Aj N (00).” PP l
&NP 1 81 VP 1 81 NP 2. This is simple and used for dialogue.
"CDAjN (S)81PNN--81PDN &PN &PDN, 81S (de1)NpVi
T(Pres)-~81 M T(Past) Vi 81 P P D N.” NP 1 81 PP l 81 PP 2 81 PP 3
81 PP 4 & S-cl l 81 VP 1 81 PP 5. This is a complex sentence
used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 81 Vt T(Pres) 81 D N (DO) 81 R Np hill/3 T(Pres)'r_1£t_:_ Vt—en
to Vt Np?" NP 1 81 VP 1 81 NP 2 81 R—cl 1. This is a complex
sentence used for dialogue.
Np (S) 81 be T(Past) 81 Aj (PN); 81 Np (S) 81 Vi T(Past) Av 81 S S

Expl beT(Past)DN. NP181VP181NP281NP381VP281

.S-cl 1. This is compound-complex and used for reflection.

D N's N (S) 81 be T(Past) Vi-en, & D Aj N (8)81 be (del)
T(Past)(de1)&Aj(PN). NP 1 &VP 1 &NP 2 &VP 2 &NP 3.
This is a compound sentence used for exposition.

Np (S) 81 Av Vi T(Past), Vi—ing Av, C Av Vt T(Past) 81 N (DO) 81
P N 81 to Vi: ”81 be T(Pres) 81 D N N (S) 81 D N (PN)?" NP 1 81
VP 1 &NP 2 &PP 1 &NP 2 (cont.)81VP 2 &NP 3 &NP 4. This

is a compound sentence used for narration and dialogue.

 

 

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(209)

210)

211)

212)

L3)

4)

170
N N (S) 81 Vi T(Past) 81 P (del) D N, 81 Vi-ing. NP 1 81 VP 1 &
PP 1 &NP 1 (cont.). This is simple and used for narration.
"Np (S) 81 M T(Past)'not be 81 'N' (PN)~-81 Expl 81 'be T(Pres) 81
DN(S)'." NP181VP 181NP281Ex181VP 281NP 3. This isa
compound sentence used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 81 Vt T(Pres) 81 3 (del) be T(Pres) Np D N?“ NP 1 81
.VP 1 81 S-cl 1 (DO). This is complex and used for dialogue.
"Be (del) T(Pres) (del) 81 D N (S) 81 D (de1)N (PN) (de1)?“—-&
NN (S), &PDN, 81be T(Past)81QAj (PN) &PNp. VP 1 81
NP181NP281NP 381PP 1 &VP 281NP 4&PP 2. This is a
compound sentence used for dialogue and narration.
C S Np Vt T(Past) 81 S Np Vi T(Past) & P N N & P N &Np (S) 81
Vt T(Past) & Np (DO), 81 P Aj N 81 P D be-ing Q Av & P Np, 81 S
Np be T(Past) D ”NmN" 81 P D Aj N--»& Np (S) 81 have T(Past) 81 D

AjAjN (DO). S~011&S—-cl281PP181PP281NP181VP181

NP281PP381PP481PP5818—C1381PP6&NP381VP281NP4.

This is compound~complex and used for narration and exposition.

”Np (S) 81 Av Vt T(Pres) 81 D Aj N (D0) 81 S D N be T(Pres) D Aj
N." NP 1 81 VP 1 81 NP 2 81 S~cl 1. This is a complex sentence
used for dialogue.

"D Aj N (S) 81 P N 81 be T(Pres) Viuen 81 P D N, 81 C Expl 81 'be
T(PreS) 81 D N (S) 81 P N’p's be-ing Av Vi-en." NP 1 81 PP l 81
VP 1 &PP 281Ex1 &VP 281NP 2 &PP 3. This is a compound
sentence used for dialogue.

DN (S) &PDN 81Vt T(Past) 81Np (DO) 81Av, &CN N (S) 81Vt
T(Past) Av 81 S Np M T(Past) be Aj to Vt D N & P D N 81 R(de1)

DN&PN,81DN81PN81PDN'sN,81MT(Past)Vi81PNN.

 

 

1 1'

 

171
(215) (cont.)NP 181PP 181VP l81NP 281VP 1(cont.)81NP 381W 2

& Sdfl 1 (DO) & PP 2 & R~c1 1 & PP 3 & R-cl 1 (cont.) & PP 4 &

 

PP 5 81 R-cl 1 (cont.) & PP 6. This is a compound-complex

sentence used for narration.

(216) C D Aj N (S), 81 P Vt-ing D N, 8. Vt T(Past) 81 Np (DO), 8. Vt-ing
81 S, & S Np be T(Past) Av Vi—en 81 P D N's N, 81 Np Av Vi

T(Past) Av C M T(Past) have to Vt N 81 P Np-m81 have to Vi C Vi
AvCVtAj. NP 1 &PP 1 &VP 1 &NP 2 &NP 1 (cont.)81S-c1 1

81 S-cl 2 81 PP 2 81 S-c1 1 (cont.) 81 PP 3 81 S-c1 1 (cont.).

 

This is a complex sentence used for narration.

217) D Aj N (S) 81 M T(Past) be Vi-en to Vi 81 P Np, 81 C Np (S) 81 Vt
T(Past) 81 S (de1)N N M T(Past)'not Vt Aj N Av 81 P D Aj N.
NP 1 81VP 1 &PP 1 81NP 281V? 281S~c1 1(D0)81PP 2. This
is a compounducomplex sentence used for narration.

18) DAjN (S), &PDN, &Vi T(Past)81PNN &PDAjN, 8.Av
Vt—ing 81 S Np be T(Past) Viuen to be Aj Av; 81 C N’s D Aj N (S)
81 Vt T(Past) 81 D N (DO) 81 Av, Vi T(Past) to Vi 81 P D N Aj Q:
"81 Excl, 81 Np (S) 81 'be T(Pres) not 81 Aj (PN), 81 C Np (S) 81
'be T(Pres) & Aj (PN): 81 Np (S) (del) 81 Vt T(Pres) 81 Np (DO)
&PPDN81QAV81PAj." NP 181PP 181VP 181PP 281PP 381
NP 1 (cont.) 81 S-cl l &NP 2 81VP 2 &NP 3 81VP 2 (cont.) 81
PP 4&Ex181NP481VP3&NP581NP 681VP481NP781NP881

.-VP 5 & NP 9 81 PP 5 81 VP 5 (cont.)81PP 6. This is a compound-

complex sentence used for narration and dialogue.

) Vt—ingN-N (S)81PPDN81beT(Past)81AjN (PN)81PDN81P
NN, 81CNp(S)81beT(Past)81QAj (PN)81PDN81PNp818Np

Vi T(Past) 81 P Np 81 S Np Vt T(Past) Np: "81 Np (S) (del) 81

 

219)

220)

221)

222)

223)

224)

225)

172
(cont.) Vt T(Pres) 81 D N (D0) 81 P DN_, 81 C Np (S) 81 'M T(Pres)
Av be & QtAj (PN)!" NP 1 &.PP 1 & VP 1 &.NP 2 & PP 2 &;PP 3 &
NP 3 & VP 2 &LNP 4 & PP 4 &.PP 5 & S~cl l & PP 6 & Sacl 2 &
NP581VP381NP681PP781NP781VP481NP 8. This isa
compound-complex sentence used for narration and dialogue.
"Aj (PN) & be (del) T(Pres) (del) & N's have-ing Vi Av to Vt
Np (S) &.P Np!" &:N N (S) &‘Vi T(Past). NP 1 & VP 1 & NP 2 &
PP 1 & NP 3 & VP 2. This is compound and used for dialogue.
“DN (S) 81 be T(Past) 81 P D N 81 P (de1)D N 81 S 211 have
T(Past) be-en Vi-en & P D N4N.“ NP 1 & VP 1 & PP 1 &.PP 2
& S-cl 1 & PP 3. This is complex and used for dialogue.
”Excl 81 Np (D0) 81 have T(Pres) 81 Np (S) 81 Vt-en 81 P Np?" 81 Np
(S) &‘Vi T(Past), & Vi~ing AV'& P DIN, &.P R, AV'D D'N Np Av
Vi T(Past). Ex 1 & NP 1 & VP 1 &‘NP 2 & VP 1 (cont.) & PP 1
&.NP 3 & VP 2 &.NP 3 (cont.) &.PP 2 & R-cl 1. This is a
compoundncomplex sentence used for dialogue and narration.
"Np (S) & be T(Past) Vi-en &.P D AjéN, & C Expl &.M T(Pres)
be 81Np (S) to Vi-—-81 P (de1)DN, D Aj N, D Aj N 81 R (del) Np
have T(Pres) Av, & C D Aj N C N." NP 1 &.VP 1 & PP l & Ex 1
&.VP 2 &iNP 2 & PP 2 & R-cl 1 & PP 2 (cont.). This is a
compound-complex sentence used for dialogue.
"Np (S) &HM T(Past)'not be Vining Av & P DiN--N?"‘2 NP 1 & VP 1
& PP 1. This is a simple sentence used for dialogue.
"Expl 81 'be T(Pres) 81 D Aj N (S) 81 Av Vi-en 81 P D N 81 P D N's
N." Ex 1 81VP 1 &NP 1 81VP 1 (cont.)81PP 1 &PP 2. This is

a simple sentence used for dialogue.

 

5)

7)

8)

29)

30)

31)

E32)

173
"Av 81Np (S) 81 'be T(Pres) Vi—en 81 P Q Aj N." VP 1 &NP 1 81
PP 1. This is a simple sentence used for dialogue.
"N N (S) 81 Vtg T(Past) 81 Np (IO) 81 D D N-N (D0), 81 C Av Vt
T(Past) 8. D N (D0) 81 P Np 8. P R Np Vt T(Past) D N'." NP 1 8.
VP181NP 2 &NP 3 81VP 1(cont.)81NP 481PP 1 &R-cl 1.
This is a complex sentence used for dialogue.
”Np (S) 81 M T(Pres)'not Vt 81 Np (DO) 81 P Np, C S Np M
T(Past) Vt N Av Q Av 81 S Np Vi T(Pres) 81 Np (S) 81 Vi T(Pres)
81S SNpMT(Past)ViDN." NP 1 81VP 1 81NP 281PP 1 81
S-cl l 81 S-c12 &NP 3 81 VP 2 81 S—cl 3. This is a compound-
complex sentence used for dialogue.
Np (S) 81 have T(Past) 81 D N (DO) Aj to be Aj 81 P N N, 81 Np (S)
81 beT(Past) 81Q QAj (PN) not tthDN &PDN; &CNp (S) 81
have T(Past) 81 D Aj N (DO) 81 C Np (S) 81 Vt T(Past) 81 D Aj, D Q
Aj N (D0) 81 P N's Vt-ing D N 81 P D N's Aj Aj, Aj, Aj N. NP 1
81VP181NP281PP181NP381VP281NP481PP281NP581VP3
&NP 6 81NP 7VP 481NP 8 &PP 3 &PP 4. This is a compound
sentence used for reflection.
"Excl, 81 Exc1--81 Np (S) 81 M T(Pres)'not Vi 81 P D N 81 P (del)
DN," 81Np (S) &Vi T(Past). Ex 1 &Ex 2 &NP 1 81VP 1 &PP l
81 PP 2 81 NP 2 81 VP 2. This is compound and used for dialogue.
"D N (S) to Vi 81 P D N 81 be T(Pres) P----& C Np (S) (del) 81 Vi
T(Pres)81P (de1)DN!" NP 1 &PP 1 81VP 1 81NP 281VP 281
PP 2. This is a compound sentence used for dialogue.
Np (S) 81 Vi T(Past) Av C Vi T(Past) Av 81 P D N; 81 Av, 81 P D N,
81Np (S) 81Vi T(Past)81PNN &PDDN &P N'sAjN. NP 1 81

VP181PP181VP2&PP281NP281VP2(cont.)81PP381PP4

 

rޤ#?-
!

 

32)

33)

E34)

235)

236)

237)

238)

239)

_240)

174
(cont.) 81 PP 5. This is compound and used for narration.
"D N (S) 81 ‘be T(Pres) Av," 81 Np (S) 81 Vi T(Past) Av, "81 C Np
(S) 81 'be T(Pres) 81 Q Aj (PN)81 P D Aj N 81 S Np M T(Pres)'not
Vi &PNpD." NP 181VP l 81NP 281VP 281NP3&VP 3,81NP4
81 PP l 81 S-cl 1 81 PP 2. This is a compound-complex sentence
used for dialogue.
"D N's N (S) 8. 'be T(Pres) 8. D N (PN) , 81 c Np (S) 8. be T(Pres)
&DN (PN) tthNp." NP 1 81VP 1 81NP 281NP 3 81VP 281NP 4.
This is a compound sentence used for dialogue.
"R Np have T(Pres) to Vt Np 81 Np (S) 81 Vt T(Pres) &Np (DO) 81
P DN." R—cl 1 &NP 1 81VP 1 &NP 2 &PP 1. This is a
complex sentence used for dialogue.
"DA, 81D Aj N (S) 81 'be T(Pres) 81 D Aj N (PN)." Ex 1 &NP 1
81 VP 1 81 NP 2. This is simple and used for dialogue.
N N (S) 81 Av Vi T(Past). NP 1 81 VP 1. This is a simple
sentence used for narration.
"MT(Pres)81Np (S)81Vt& tth (DO) 818 DDN &P N 81M
T(Past) be Aj81 P Np?" VP 1 81 NP 1 81 VP 1 (cont.) &NP 2 81
.S-cl 1 81 PP 1 81 S~c1 1 (cont.) 81 PP 2. This is a complex
sentence used for dialogue.

"D Np (S) & M (del) T(Past) (del) be (del) 81 Aj (PN) (del) 81 S

D D N--& P Av 81 D Q Aj—-have T(Pres) be—en Av Vi-en." NP 1 81

VP 1 &NP 2 &NP 2 81 S-cl 1 81 PP 1 81 S—cl 1 (cont.). This is
complex sentence used for dialogue.

"Have T(Pres) 81 Np (S) 81 Vt-en 81 Np (D0), 81 DA?" VP 1 81 NP 1
81 VP 1 (cont.) 81 NP 2 81 Ex 1. This is a simple sentence used

for dialogue.

 

71H“- 7" 1

175

(241) "Have T(Past) &.Np (S) & Vi-en &.Np (DO) & S Np Vt T(Past) &

P Av?" VP 1 &.NP 1 & VP 1 (cont.) &;NP 2 & S-cl 1 &.PP 1.
This is a complex sentence used for dialogue.

(242) "Np (S) 8. V1 T(Pres) & P Np 8. P D N 8. Q Q Aj (PN), 8. C Np (S)
& M T( ast) Av be Vi-en to Vt D Aj N." NP 1 &‘VP 1 & PP 1 &
PP 2 &JNP 2 &‘NP 3 & VP 2. This is a compound sentence used
for dialogue.

(243) "Np (S) & 'be T(Pres) & D N (PN) & P R D N D & P D N, &.C P D
Aj N, & Vt T(Pres) Np.” NP 1 & VP 1 &LNP 2 & R-cl 1 & PP 1 &
PP 2 & R-cl 1 (cont.). This is complex and used for dialogue.

(244) "D Aj N (S) & P N N's & be T(Pres) &.Aj (PN) &.P N." NP 1 &
PP 1 & VP 1 & NP 2 &.PP 2. This is a simple sentence used
for dialogue.

(245) "N (D0)?" & Vt T(Past) &:N N (S), & R.Np have T(Past) Vt—en Av
& P D N. NP 1 & VP 1 &‘NP 2 & R—cl l & PP 1. This is a
complex sentence used for narration.

(246) "Np (8) (del) &,Vt (del) T(Pres) (del) &.D D‘N (DO) & R Vi
T(Pres).” NP 1 & VP 1 &XNP 2 & R-cl 1. This is a complex
sentence used for dialogue.

(247) "Np (S) 81 Vtg T(Pres) 81Np (IO) 81 P D N 81 R V1 T(Pres) 81 P Np
&QAj 81Np (D0) 81R (de1)DN Vi T(Pres), &PN, 81P DN &P
D"Aj N.'" NP 1 & VP 1 &INP 2 &,PP 1 & R-cl 1 & PP 2 & R-cl 1
(cont.) &.NP 3 & R-cl 2 & PP 3 & PP 4 & PP 5. This is a
complex sentence used for dialogue.

(248) "Av M T(Pres) 81 Np (S) 81 Vt 81 Np (D0)?” 81 Vi T(Past) 81 N N (S),
& R have T(Past) Vt-en Av D D N C be T(Past) Av Vt-ing Np. VP 1

&NP 181VP 1 (cont.)81NP 281VP 281NP 381R-c1 1. This is

176

(248) (cont.) compound-complex and used for dialogue and narration.

(249) "Np (8) (del) 81 Vt (del) T(Pres) (del) 81 Np (D0) (del) 81 Av

--&PDAjN81PDN." NP 181VP 181NP 281VP 1 (cont.)&

PP181PP 2. This is a simple sentence used for dialogue.

(250) "Np (S) (del) 81 Vt T(Pres) 81 D N (DO), 81 Np (S) (del) 81 Vt

T(Pres)81DN (DO)--81 Np (S) &be T(Pres) &D AjN (PN) 81P
N," NP181VP181NP2&NP381VP281NP481NP581VP381

NP 6&PP 1. This is a compound sentence used for dialogue.

NN(S),&PDN,'81VtT(Past)81DN (DO)81Av. NP 1 &PP 1

(251)
This is a simple sentence used

&VP181NP 2 81VP 1 (cont.).

for narration.

"Excl, 81 C Np (S) 81 M T(Pres)'not Vt 81Np (DO) 81 P D N." Ex 1

(252)
&NP 1 81 VP 1 81 NP 2 81 PP 1. This is a simple sentence used
for dialogue.

(253) "N (S) 81 Vt T(Pres) 81 8 (del) Np M T(Past) Vt Np & P Np Q Aj.”
NP 1 & VP 1 81 chl 1 (DO) 81 PP 1. This is a complex sentence
used for dialogue.

(254) "Np (S) 81 Vi T(Past) Av to Vt D Aj N 81 P N, 81 C Av, 81 S (del)
Np M T(Pres) Vi 81 P Np, 81 Vi T(Past) 81 Np (8)." NP 1 81 VP 1
This is

&PP 1 81VP2818~mc1181PP281VP2(cont.)81NP 2.

a compound-complex sentence used for dialogue.

‘55) "Np (S) (del) 8. Vt T(Pres) 8. Np (DO) Vt D Aj N Av.“ NP 1 8.

_ VP 1 81 NP 2. This is a simple sentence used for dialogue.

"D N (S) 81 Vi T(Pres) 81 P D N 81 R (del) Np Vt T(Pres): & Np

6)
NPl

(S) (del) 81 Vt T(Pres) 81 Np (DO) Vt Np C Vt Np C Vt Np."
81VP 1 &PP181R-c1181NP281VP281NP3. Thisisa

compound-complex sentence used for dialogue.

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177
"Np (S) & M T(Pres) & P N & have Vt-en & P Np & Sin Av M
T(Pres) Vt N N 81 S Np Vt T(Pres) Np Av; 81 Np (S) 81 Vt T(Pres)
Av &,P D N &.D Aj'N (DO), & C Expl & 'be T(Pres) Av & S'Np Vt
T(Pres) Np Av & P D N &.S Np Av Vi T(Pres) & P D N.” NP 1 &
VP 1 &,PP 1 & VP 1 (cont.) & PP 2 & S~c1 1 (D0) & chl 2 &
NP 2 & VP 2 & PP 3 & NP 3 & Ex 1 & VP 3 & S~c1 3 (S) & PP 4 &
S-cl 4 (PN) & PP 5. This is a compound~complex sentence used
for dialogue.
"Np (S) (del) 81 Vt T(Pres) Av 81 D N (DO) 81 Av 81 C Np (S) (del)
& Vt TTPres) &;Np (DO) Vi, & S Np Vt T(Pres) Np Av, & P D Aj
N." NP 1 & VP 1 &'NP 2 & VP 1 (cont.) &LNP 3 & VP 2 &.NP 4 &
S~cl 1 & PP 1. This is compoundwcomplex and used for dialogue.
"S Np Vt T(Pres) &.S Np M T(Pres)9not Vtg Np N, &sz (S) (del)
& Vt T(Pres) 81 Np (DO) 81 P N 81 S Np Vt T(Pres) 81 P Np-—-~81 Np
(S) & Vt T(Pres) & 8 (del) Np M T?Pres)~~& D Av Q.Aj Np.“
S—cl 1 & S~C1 2 &.NP 1 & VP 1 &:NP 2 & PP 1 & S~c1 3 & PP 2 &
NP 3 & VP 2 & chl 4 (DO) 8 chl 3 (cont.). This is compoundm
complex and used for dialogue.
N N (S) & Vtg T(Past) & Np {10) &.D Aj N (DO) & R be T Past) Q
Aj &.P D N &.P DiN; &.Np (S) & have T(Past) Vluen & Q Aj (PN).
&.C D N (S) & have T(Past) Vtwen &.Np (DO) 8 P D N & R Vt
T(Past) DiN Q Av & S S Np have T(Past) Vtuen Np: “& D'N (PN) &
PDAjN 81be T(Pres) 81112(S)?” NP 181VP l 81NP 281NP 381
R-c11&PP 181PP281NP4&VP281NP581NP681VP381NP7
&PP 381R-c1 281S-c1 1 &NP 8 &PP 481VP 4&NP 9. This is

a compound-complex sentence used for narration and dialogue.

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178
Av &sz (S) & Vi T(Past) Av, & Vtming Av D N C N, Vtming D'N,
Vt-ingAv81AvPDN &DAjN81PDN. VP 1 81NP 181VP 1
(cont.) &JNP 1 (cont.) &fiPP 1 &.NP 1 (cont.) & PP 2. This is
a simple sentence used for narration.
Np (S) &‘Vi T(Pres) to Vi &.P N N & C Av Vte T(Past) & D Aj N
N (DO) Av Aj (0C): & Expl & be T(Past) & Q Aj (S) & P Np to Vi
Av8.SNth T(Past)DN &PDN &CVt T(Past)DN tthNp
& P D'N. NP 1 &.VP 1 & PP 1 & VP 1 (cont.) &LNP 2 & Ex 1 &
VP 2 &,NP 3 & PP 2 & chl 1 & PP 3 & Sucl 1 (cont.) & PP 4.
This is a compoundwcomplex sentence used for reflection.
AV & D Aj N (S) & be T(Past) & Aj N (PN)° VP 1 &zNP 1 & VP 1
(cont.) &:NP 2. This is simple and used for exposition.
Av & D‘N (S) & Vi T(Past) & P D N & P R.N have T(Past) beoen
Vi-ing & P Np & C R Av Vi T(Past) & P D N. VP 1 &.NP 1 & VP 1
(cont.) & PP 1 & Reel 1 & PP 2 & R~c1 2 & PP 3. This is a
complex sentence used for narration.
S Din Vt T(Past) Np &fiNp (S) & Vt T(Past) & S Np V1 T(Past)
Aj, V1 T(Past) Aj, 81 S S Np Av Vi T(Past) 81 P D N 81 R1Tde1)D
N have T(Past) Vt~en.Np. S~c1 1 &.NP 1 & VP 1 & Sucl 2 (D0) &
S-cl 3 & PP 1 & R-cl 1. This is a complex sentence used for
narration and reflection.
N N (S) &‘Vi T(Past) & P D‘N & P Np & C P (del) D Aj N & P D N.
NP 1 & VP 1 & PP 1 & PP 2 &,PP 3 & PP 4. This is a simple
sentence used for narration.
"Np (S) 81 'be T(Pres) 81Np (D0)?" NP 1 81 VP 1 81 NP 2. This

is a simple sentence used for dialogue.

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179
”Expl, & Np (S) & 'be T(Pres) & D N (PN)--& D N (PN)." Ex 1
&.NP 1 & VP 1 &.NP 2 &.NP 3. This is a simple sentence used
for dialogue.
"Np (S) (de1)81be T(Pres) (de1)8.DN(PN)'." NP181VP181
NP 2. This is a simple sentence used for dialogue.
Expl 8. be T(Past)81DN'sN (S),81C Av81N N (S) 81Vt
T(Past)81DN(DO). Exl81VP181NP181VP281NP281
VP 2 (cont.). This is compound and used for narration.
Np (S) & M T(Pres) have be-en & Aj (PN), & C Np (S) & Vt
T(Past)81Np(DO)81PDAjN81PDN tthN81PDN,81CNp
(S) & Vt T(Past) &flNp (D0) to Vi & P D Aj Aj N & R M T(Pres)
Q Av have Vl-en Aj, C Av Aj, & C R & P D N & Vte T(Past) N N's
D N Q Aj, Vi-ing &.P D Np &,S Np & P Np & Vt T(Past) D N & P N
&AvPNp. NP181VP181NP2&NP3&VP281NP481PP181
PP 2 & PP 3 &.NP 5 & VP 3 & NP 6 & PP 4 & R—cl 1 & R—cl 2 &
PP 5 & R-cl 2 (cont.) & PP 6 & S-cl 1 & PP 7 & S-cl 1 (cont.)
& PP 8 & PP 9. This is a compound-complex sentence used for
narration and reflection.
P (de1)D N Av &N N (S) 81 Vt T(Past) 81 Np (DO) 81 Av, 81 S S Np
have T(Past) Av Vt-en Np Av 81 P Np. PP 1 81 NP 1 81 VP 1 &NP 2
& VP 1 (cont.) & S-cl 1 & PP 2. This is a complex sentence
used for narration and reflection.
To Vt Np, & Vt-ing D Aj N Vi, Np (S) & Av Vt T(Past) & D N
(D0) & Q Av. VP 1 & NP 1 & VP 1 (cont.) & NP 2 & VP 1 (cont.).
This is simple and used for reflection and narration.
Np (S)81ViT(Past)81PDAj-N&PDN,81P(de1)DNp81R

(del) Np have T(Past) Vi P P, & C P Vt—ing D N & Np (S) &

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180
(cont.) Vi T(Past) to Vt Np Vi-en. NP 1 & VP 1 & PP 1 & PP 2
& PP 3 & R-cl 1 & PP 4 &.NP 2 & VP 2. This is a compound-
complex sentence used for narration.
C Np (S) & Vi T(Past) Av & P D Aj N, & C P Vi-ing Av Q &‘Np
(S) &.M T(Past) AV Vt & D Aj N (DO) Vi & P Np & P D N. NP 1 &
VP 1 & PP 1 & PP 2 & NP 2 & VP 2 & NP 3 & PP 3 & PP 4. This
is a compound sentence used for narration.
Np (S) & Vi T(Past) Av & P D Aj—Aj Aj N & C Vt T(Past) & R M
T(Past) be D N. NP 1 &.VP 1 & PP 1 & VP 1 (cont.) & R-cl 1
(DO). This is a complex sentence used for reflection.
Np (S) & Vi T(Pres) to Vt &,S Np be T(Past) Aj: & R be T(Past)
Av D Q Aj N & R (del) Np M T(Past) have be-en. NP 1 & VP 1 &
S-cl 1 & R-cl 1 & R—cl 2. This is a complex sentence used for
narration and reflection.
2.2 (S) & Vt T(Past) & D Aj, Aj, Aj N (DO) & P N N's “N—N," &
CPDN &PDAj-Aj AjN, 81Np (S)81Vi T(Past), to VtNN'sD
N,Av81PDN. NP181VP181NP281PP181PP281PP381NP3
& VP 2 & PP 4. This is compound and used for narration.
P (del) D N Av, Av & P N, & D Aj N (S) & Vi T(Past) & P P N, &
S, & S (del) Np M T(Pres) be Av Vi-en, & Np be T(Past) D N & P
D N & P D N. PP 1 & PP 2 &.NP 1 & VP 1 & PP 3 & S-cl 1 & S—cl
2 & S—cl 1 (cont.) & PP 4 & PP 5. This is a complex sentence
used for narration.
D N (S) & be T(Past) Av & Q Aj (PN), & D N (S) & be (del)
T(Past) (del) Av (del) & Q Aj (PN), & D N (S) & be (del)
T(Past) (del) Av (del) & Q Aj (PN). NP 1 & VP 1 & NP 2 & NP 3

& VP 2 & NP 4 &.NP 5 & VP 3 &XNP 6. This is a compound

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181
(cont.) sentence used for reflection.
D N (S) & Vi T(Past) Q Av, & S D N & P 2.N_& have T(Past)
Vt-en Aj N &.P Np; & C Np (S) & Vi T(Past) & P N & P D N & R
D N M T(Past) Av have Vi-en. NP 1 & VP 1 & S-cl 1 & PP l &
S-cl 1 (cont.) & PP 2 &,NP 2 & VP 2 & PP 3 & PP 4 & R-cl 1.
This is a compound-complex sentence used for narration.
D N (S) & have T(Past) be-en Vi-en—-& Np (S) & be T(Past) & D
"N"(PN). NP181VP181NP281VP281NP 3. This isa
compound sentence used for narration.
D Aj N (S) & have T(Past) be-en & Aj (PN), & S S Np have
T(Past) be-en-~& P (del) D N &,P D Aj N to be Vi to Vt D N.
NP 1 &.VP 1 & NP 2 & S-cl l & PP 1 & PP 2. This is a complex
sentence used for reflection.
Np (S) & be T(Past) Av & P Aj, & C Np (S) & have T(Past) & D
Aj N (D0) & P be-ing Vi-en Av & R.Np have T(Pres) Av Vi-en.
NP181VP181PP181NP281VP281NP381PP281Ruc11. This
is a compound-complex sentence used for exposition.
PDN,81Av,81Np(S)81VtT(Past)81DN(D0)81SNpVi
T(Past) to Vi & P Np, & have—ing & P D N &,D Aj N &,P D N &
P D N's N. PP 1 & VP 1 &‘NP 1 & VP 1 (cont.) &‘NP 2 & S—cl 1
&.PP 2 &.NP 1 (cont.) & PP 3 &.NP 1 (cont.) & PP 4 & PP 5.
This is a complex sentence used for narration.
N (S) 8 Av be T(Past) 8 D N (PN) 8 P N 8 c N (S) 8 be (del)
T(Past) (del) &.D N (PN) 8 P N; 8,N N (S) 8 be T(Past) 8 D N
(PN) & C N N (S) & be T(Past) & Aj N (PN). NP 1 & VP 1 &
NP2&PP181NP381VP281NP481PP281NP581VP381NP681

NP 7 & VP 4 &.NP 8. This is compound and used for reflection.

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182
"Np (S) 81 have T(Pres) 81 D Aj N (DO) 81 P R Np'be T(Pres)
Vi-ing P," 8 Np (S) 81 v1 T(Past)81 P Np, "81 c D Np (S) 8. have
T(Pres) Vt-en 81 D N (DO) & R Np'have T(Pres) Vi-en; 81 C Np (S)
81 M T(Pres) Vi 81 P Np 81 Av--& Np (S) 81 'M T(Pres) Av Vt 81 N
(DO) 81 S Np'have T(Pres) Vt-en N." NP 1 81 VP 1 81 NP 2 81 R—cl 1
&‘NP 3 & VP 2 & PP 1 &.NP 4 & VP 3 &.NP 5 & R-cl 2 &‘NP 6 &
VP 481PP 281VP 4 (cont.) &NP 7 81VP 581NP 8 81S~c1 1. This
is a compound-complex sentence used for dialogue.
Np (S) 81 be T(Past) 81 Q Aj N (PN), 81 Av; 81 C D N (S) 81 have
T(Past) 81 D N (DO) 81 P be-ing D Aj N, 81 C D Aj N (S) & be
T(Past) Av &.P Np & Aj (PN) & P D N & S D Aj N be (del)
T(Past) (de1). NP 1 81 VP 1 &NP 2 81 VP 1 (cont.) &NP 3 81
VP 2 &iNP 4 & PP 1 &.NP 5 & VP 3 & PP 2 &zNP 6 & PP 3 & S-cl 1.
This is a compounducomplex sentence used for reflection.
Np (S) 81 Av Vtg T(Past) 81 Np (IO) & S Np have T(Past) Vt-en D
Aj N to Vi P 81 P D D N, 81 C have T(Past) Vt—en Aj 81 S be
T(Past)Aj81PNp81Av. NP 1 81VP l &NP 2 81 S—cl 1 (DO) 81
PP 1 81 S—cl 1 (cont.) 81 S-cl 2 81 PP 2 81 S~c1 1 (cont.). This
is a complex sentence used for narration.
N (S) 81 Vt T(Past) 81 D N (DO) 81 C Vt T(Past) 81 Np (DO) 81 P N;
81 P (del) Np 81 P D Q Aj 81 P Np 81 be-ing Np 81 P R Np Vt T(Past)
Np81PNNN&PDAjN 81CN81PDAjN. NP 181VP 181NP 2
81VP 1(cont.)81NP 381PP 1 &PP 281PP 3 &PP 481PP 2
(cont.) 81 R—cl 1 81 PP 5 81 PP 6 81 PP 5 (cont.) 81 PP 7. This is
a complex sentence used for narration.
PDN, &SNpVi T(Pres), &PN &SDN be T(Pres) Aj, &DN

(S) & Vt T(Pres) &‘N (DO) & AV & P D N &.C D N (S) & Vi

(291) (cont.) T(Pres) Av 81 P D N & P D N.

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183
PP181S—c1 181PP 281
S-c1281NP 1 81VP 1 81NP 281VP 1 (cont.)81PP 381NP 3 81

VP 2 81 PP 4 81 PP 5. This is a compound-complex sentence used
for narration.

Expl & have T(Past) be-en & Av Aj (PN) 81 P Np 81 P D Np 81 S 81 P
NN &DN, 81 R, 81 S D DN Vi T(Past), 81 be T(Past) Aj N, 81 Vt
T(Past) 81 S Np have T(Past) Vt-en D Aj N, D N 81 P Q Aj N.
Ex181VP 1 &NP 1 &PP 181PP 281S-c1 1(S)&PP 3&S-c1 1
(cont.) 81 R-cl 1 81 S-cl 2 81 R—cl 1 (cont.) 81 S-cl 1 (cont.) &
S-cl 3 81 PP 4. This is complex and used for reflection.

Np (S) &MT(Past) Vt &DN (DO)81PDN, &CNp (8) 81M
T(Past) Vt & D Aj N (DO) 81 R (del) Vi T(Past) 81 P Np. NP 1 81
VP 1 &NP 281PP l &NP 381VP 281NP 481R-c1 1 &PP 2. This

is a compound-complex sentence used for narration.

Np (S) 81 have T(Past) 81 D Aj N (DO) 81 P Np 81 R Np Vt T(Past) 81
PN 81tth &PDN, 81C RNth T(Past)NpVi &PAjN. NP 1
&VP 1 &NP 281PP 1 &R-cl 1 &PP 281R-c1 1 (cont.) &PP 381
R-cl 2 81 PP 4. This is complex and used for narration.

N (S) & Vt T(Past) 81Np (D0), 81 C Np (S) 81 Av Vi T(Past), 81 C
DN (S) &beT(Past)81Np (PN)81PDAjN. NP 1 81VP l &NP 2
&NP 3 81VP 281NP 4 81VP 3 &NP 5 &PP 1. This is a compound
sentence used for narration.

Np (S) 81 be T(Past) 81 D Aj, Aj N (PN), 81 P RNp M T(Past) Vt D

DN81PN81CPDN81PDN81PDN. NP181VP181NP281

R-cl 1 81 PP 1 81 PP 2 &PP 3 81 PP 4. This is a complex

sentence used for exposition and reflection.

 

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501)

502)

184

Expl 81 be T(Past) 81 Aj (PN) to Vi 81 R Np Vi T(Past) P Av 81 P N.

Ex 1 &‘VP 1 &.NP 1 & R-cl 1 (S) &.PP 1. This is a complex
sentence used for reflection.

Np (S) & be T(Past) Vi-en &,P N C N, &.C Np (S) & R (del) Np
Vi T(Past)81PNp81PDAjN81be T(Past)81not to Vth (PN)
& P N. NP 1 & VP 1 & PP 1 &LNP 2 & R—cl 1 & PP 2 & PP 3 &

VP 2 &zNP 3 &.PP 4. This is compound and used for exposition.
Np (S) & have T(Past) Vi-en & P D N & to be &.P NéN, & C D N
(S) & be T(Past) Vi-en & P DiN & R (del) Np M T(Past) Vt D N
&CPN81ViAV81PDN. NP181VP181PP181VP1(cont.)81
PP281NP281VP2&PP381R-c1181PP481R-c11(cont.)81
PP 5. This is compound-complex and used for narration.

Np (S) & be T(Past) Av & Q Aj (PN), &.Cin (S) &.M T(Past) be
&Aj (PN)81SNp beT(Past)QAv. NP181VP181NP281NP3
& VP 2 &.NP 4 &.S-cl 1. This is a compound—complex sentence
used for reflection.

Np (S) & have T(Past) & D Aj N (D0)-—& D N (S) & be T(Past) &
Aj (PN) 81P DN 81 S, 81 P N N's N, &Np have T(Past) Vt-en Np 81
PDN81PDN. NP181VP181NP281NP381VP281NP481PP1
& S-cl 1 &.PP 2 & S-cl 1 (cont.) &,PP 3 & PP 4. This is a
compound-complex sentence used for narration.

D‘N (S) &,P N & have T(Past) not & P D‘N & be-en Vi-en & P D N
81 P D N 81 P 211-41 Np (S) 81 have T(Past) Vi—en to Vi Av 81 P D
N. NP 1 & PP 1 & VP 1 & PP 2 & VP 1 (cont.) & PP 3 & PP 4 &

PP 5 &.NP 2 & VP 2 & PP 6. This is a compound sentence used

for narration.

 

 

 

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185

Np (S) & have T(Past) Vt-en & DiN (DO) & P D Aj N, & R (del)
be (del) T(Past) (de1)D N 81 P D N Aj 81 P Np 81 P D Vi-ing Av
&.P D Aj N. NP 1 & VP 1 &.NP 2 & PP 1 & R-cl 1 & PP 2 & PP 3
81 PP 4 81 PP 5. This is complex and used for narration.

D Aj N (S), 81 D Aj N (S) 81 Av have T(Past) to be Vi-en. NP 1
& NP 2 & VP 1. This is a simple sentence used for narration.
Vi RNp M T(Past), 81 N (S) 8. be T(Past) 81 D N (PN) 8. c N (S) 81
have T(Past) to beAj. R-cl 1 &NP 1 &VP 1 &NP 2 &NP 3 81

VP 2. This is compound-complex and used for reflection.

D Aj N (S), & D Aj N (S) &.P D N & P D Aj N & be T(Past) &.N
(PN)81PDAjN. NP181NP281PP181PP281VP181NP381
PP 3. This is a simple sentence used for narration.

Np (S) 81 M T(Past)’not Vt 8N (DO), 8. C Np (S) 8 P N 81 Vt
T(Past)81N(DO). NP181VP181NP281NP381PP181VP281
NP 4. This is a compound sentence used for narration.

S Np Vt T(Past) Np & P D‘N &sz (S) & have T(Past) Vt-en & D N
(DO), & D N P R be T(Past) &:S Np M T(Past) Vte Np D N to Vt N
& P Np. S-cl 1 & PP 1 &.NP 1 & VP 1 &fiNP 2 & R-cl 1 & S-cl 2
& PP 2. This is a complex sentence used for narration.

Vt T(Pres)RMT(Past) VtDN81PDN(81Np (S)&have T(Past)
&DAjN(DO)81PNNN)81Np (S)&MT(Past)Vt81DN(DO)81
PDN--81PDN81PDN. R-c1181PP181NP181VP181NP281
&PP281NP381VP281NP481PP381PP481PP5. Thisisa
compound-complex sentence used for reflection.

D D N (S) &.be T(Past) & P D N & Vi-en; & C Np (S) & Vt
T(Pres), &.S N be T(Pres) Aj, &.S Np M T(Pres) Q Av Vt D N

&PN &PRNth T(Past)&S&PQAjDN81Np be T(Past) Aj

 

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186
(cont.) to Vte Np Aj. NP 1 & VP 1 & PP 1 & VP 1 (cont.) &
IVP 2 & VP 2 & S-cl l & S-cl 2 (DO) & PP 2 & R-cl 1 & S-cl 3
& PP 3 & S-cl 3 (cont.). This is a compound—complex sentence
used for reflection.
1? (del) D N, &,P N N, &.Np (S) & Vt T(Past) &.Np (DO) Vt-ing
N'sN, &RhaveT(Past)Vi-en81PDN&PN81PDN. PP 181
PP 2 &.NP 1 & VP 1 & NP 2 & R-c1 1 & PP 3 & PP 4 & PP 5. This
is a complex sentence used for narration.
D N (S), &.D N C D Aj N (S), & be T(Past) Vi-en Av & P D N.
NP 1 &.NP 2 &.VP 1 8 PP 1. This is a simple sentence used
for exposition.
"Np (S) (del) & be (del) T(Pres) (del) & P D Aj—N, & DA?"
NP 1 & VP 1 & PP 1 & Ex 1. This is a simple sentence used
for dialogue.
"N N N (S) & be (del) T(Pres) (de1)." NP 1 & VP 1. This is
a simple sentence used for dialogue.
"C Np (S) (del) 81 be (del) T(Pres) (del) 81 P D Aj—N?" NP 1 81
VP 1 & PP 1. This is simple and used for dialogue.
"D Aj N (S) & be (del) T(Pres), & DA--& Vi-ing: &fiNp (S) & Vt
T(Pres) & S (del) Np (del) be (del) T(Pres) (del) D N." NP 1
&VP 1 81 Ex 1 81NP 1(cont.)81NP 2 &VP 2 &S-cl 1 (DC).
This is a compound-complex sentence used for dialogue.
Np (S) 81 be T(Past) 81D DN (PN), 81 C P N 81 S N M T(Past)'not
v1 Av81Np (S) 81Vt T(Past) 81DN (DO) 8P DAj N. NP 1 81
VP181NP281PP181S-c1181NP381VP281NP481PP 2. This

is a compound-complex sentence used for narration.

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187
P DIN, &;Av, M T(Pres)'not & D Aj N (S) & Vi Av? PP 1 & VP 1
& NP’ 1 & VP 1 (cont.). This is simple and used for reflection.
N N (S), &.P D D'N, & M T(Past) have Vi-en Av Av & P D D‘N.
NP 1 & PP 1 & VP 1 & PP 2. This is a simple sentence used
for reflection.
Np (S) 81Vi T(Past) 81P D AjuN 8 Av, &Vt-ingDN 8. P Vt-ing 81
S,Av,DN81PDN81MT(Past), &PDN, &VtDN81PDAjN.
NP 181VP 181PP181VP 1 (cont.)81NP1 (cont.)81PP281
S—cl 1 & PP 3 & S-cl 1 (cont.) & PP 4 & S-cl 1 (cont.) & PP 5.
This is a complex sentence used for narration.
Np (S) 81Vt T(Past)81DDN(DO)81PNp &PN'S Vt-ing Av 81R
be T(Past) Aj & P Np, &.C Np (S) & be T(Past) Av & P D N & to
Vt&SNth T(Past)Np. NP 181VP 181NP 281PP 181PP281
R-cl 1 & PP 3 &JNP 3 & VP 2 & PP 4 & VP 2 (cont.) & S-cl 1.
This is a compound-complex sentence used for narration.
Np (S) 81Vt T(Past) 8N (DO)81PNp 81 to VtDAjN 81P Vt-ing
DNCVt—ingDN. NP 181VP181NP 281PP 181VP 1 (cont.)&
PP 2. This is a simple sentence used for narration.
Np (8) &Av Vte T(Past) 81DN (DO)DAjN (0C), 81C Vt T(Past)
&QAjN (DO)81PDDN &PNp818Np beT(Past)DN81PAjN
&.P D N & P R D N have T(Past) Vt-en Np to Vi Av. NP 1 & VP 1
81NP 2 & VP 1 (cont.) &HNP 3 &.PP 1 & PP 2 & S—cl 1 & PP 3 &
PP 4 & R-cl 1. This is complex and used for narration.
Np (S) & Vt T(Past) Av &CNp (DO) (81Np (S) & M T(Pres)'not Vt
81N N (DO) ) & SNp have T(Past) Np, 81 CNp (S) & R (de1)Np
have T(Past) & P Av & Vi-en & be T(Past) & to Vt Np Av (PN) &

PDN. NP181VP181NP281NP381VP281NP481S-c1181

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(325)

(326)

(327)

(328)

(329)

(330)

188
(cont.) NP 5 & R-cl 1 & PP 1 & R-cl 1 (cont.) & VP 3 &ZNP 6 &
PP 2. This is compound-complex and used for narration.
Np (S) & have T(Past) Vi-en Av to Vt D N, &.C Np (S) & have
T(Past) Av Vi-en Vi-en C Vi-en; & S S Np M T(Past) Vt Np & P
Np81CVt81PNp81PN'sN81N&PAjCAjN. NP181VP181
NP 2 & VP 2 & S-cl 1 & PP l & S-cl 1 (cont.) & PP 2 8 PP 3 &
S-cl 1 (cont.) & PP 4. This is a compound-complex sentence
used for narration.
D Aj N (S) & P D Aj-N & have T(Past) & D Aj N (DO), & Aj N
(DO),81CPDN81DAjN(DO). NP181PP181VP181NP281
NP 3 &;NP 4 & PP 2 &.NP 5. This is a simple sentence used
for exposition.
"Np (S) & 'have T(Pres) Vi &,P DIN,” 81Np (S) & Vi T(Past) & S
Np have T(Past) Vt-en &.P Np & S Np be T(Past) & P N to Vt Np
& P Np & SINp be T(Past) Vi-en. NP 1 & VP 1 &,PP 1 &;NP 2 &
VP 2 & S-cl 1 & PP 2 & S-cl 2 & PP 3 & PP 4 & S-cl 3. This is
compound-complex and used for dialogue and narration.
"Np (S) & 'have T(Pres) be-en Vi—ing & P (del) D DiN, & C‘Np
(8)81 'be T(Pres) Vi-en to ViDN." NP 1 &VP 1 &PP 181NP 2
& VP 2. This is a compound sentence used for dialogue.
Np (S) & M T(Pres)'not & S Expl be T(Past) Np & S Vtg T(Past)
‘Np &.S (del) be T(Past) N, & C D‘N (S) to Vi DiN &,be T(Pres)
not &‘P N &.Aj (PN) &.P D N. NP 1 & VP 1 & S-cl 1 (DO) &
S-cl 2 & S-cl 3 &.NP 2 & VP 2 & PP 1 &.NP 3 & PP 2. This is
a compound-complex sentence used for reflection.
Np (S) & be T(Past) Vi-en Av not Q Av & P D N & P D N & C P D

N & P D N. NP 1 & VP 1 & PP 1 & PP 2 & PP 3 & PP 4. This is

(330)

(331)

(332)

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(334)

(335)

(336)

(337)

(338)

189
(cont.) a simple sentence used for reflection.
P DIN &XNp (S) &.Vt T(Past) & S (del) Np have T(Past) D Aj N C
D Aj N, & P P D N & R Vi T(Past) & P D Aj N & P D N & P N.
PP 1 &LNP 1 & VP 1 & S—cl 1 (DO) & PP 2 & R—cl 1 & PP 3 & PP 4
& PP 5. This is complex and used for exposition.
Vt-ing DiN &.P D N, & Np (S) & Vtg T(Past) &QNp (IO) & D AjZN
(DO), Av Aj C Aj & P'N & P N. NP 1 & PP 1 &‘NP 1 (cont.) &
VP 1 &.NP 2 &,NP 3 & PP 2 & PP 3. This is a simple sentence
used for narration.
DN(S)81PAjN, &PQAvAj'N,"81PN,N, N, 81Vt T(Past)81
D Aj N (D0). NP 1 & PP 1 & PP 2 & PP 3 &.VP 1 &:NP 2. This
is a simple sentence used for narration.
"D N (S) & Vi T(Pres) & P N N &;P N, & S (del) Np Vi T(Pres),"
& Np (S) & Vi T(Past). NP 1 &,VP 1 & PP 1 & PP 2 & S~c1 l &
NP 2 &‘VP 2. This is compound-complex and used for dialogue.
"Excl, & C‘Np (S) & M T(Pres)'not Vi.” Ex 1 &.NP 1 & VP 1.
This is a Simple sentence used for dialogue.
"Np (S) & 'have T(Pres) Vi-en Av." NP 1 & VP 1. This is a
simple sentence used for dialogue.
“Np (S) (del) & be (del) T(Pres) (del) & Q Aj (PN)," & Np (S)
& Vi T(Past); "&.D N (S) &;P N & R (del) Np & Vt T(Pres) & Vi
T(Pres)Av81PDN." NP181VP 181NP 281NP 381VP281NP4
& PP 1 & R-cl 1 & VP 3 &.PP 2. This is a compound-complex
sentence used for dialogue.
"AvMT(PreS) &Np (S) 81Vt 81DN (DO) 81R (de1)Np Vt
This

T(Pres)?" VP 1 &;NP 1 & VP 1 (cont.) &zNP 2 & R~c1 1.

is a complex sentence used for dialogue.

190

(339) D‘N (S) & have T(Past) Vi-en C Vi-en, & C P D N & Np (S) & Vi

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(343)

(344)

(345)

T(Past): "&.Np (S) & M T(Pres)'not Vt & S (del)'Np Vt T(Pres)
Np81PNp." NP181VP181PP181NP281VP281NP381VP381
S-cl 1 (DO) & PP 2. This is a compound-complex sentence used
for narration and dialogue.

”Np (S) & 'be T(Pres) & Aj (PN) & R (del) Np'be T(Pres) Aj, &
C‘Np (S) & Vi T(Pres) & P Vi-ing." NP 1 & VP 1 & NP 2 & R-cl
&.NP 3 & VP 2 & PP 1. This is a compound-complex sentence
used for dialogue.

Np (S) & M T(Past)'not Vt & S Np have T(Past) Vtg Np & S (del)
Np Vi T(Pres) to. NP 1 & VP 1 & S-cl 1 (DO) & S-cl 2. This
is a complex sentence used for narration.

"Be T(Pres)'not & Np (S) & Av & P N & P Vt—ing N & P N?" VP 1
&,NP 1 & VP 1 (cont.) & PP 1 & PP 2 & PP 3. This is a simple
sentence used for dialogue.

"Np (S) &HM T(Past) be, & S Aj N have T(Past)'not D Aj N & P
N." NP 1 & VP 1 & S-cl 1 & PP 1. This is a complex sentence
used for dialogue.

Np (S) & Vi T(Past) & PINp & P (del) D N--& D N (S) & be
T(Past) &.Aj C Aj (PN). NP 1 & VP 1 & PP 1 &.PP 2 &zNP 2 &
VP 2 &.NP 3. This is a compound sentence used for narration
and exposition.

"M T(Pres) &flNp (S) & Vi & P Vi-ing, & Av?" &fiNp (S) & Vi
T(Past); &PN &PNp81Np (S) 81Vt T(Past) 81Np (DO) 81381 S
INp M T(Past) Vt Np & P D N &.Np M T(Past) Vt & S NiN M T(Past)
Vt D N &,P Np. VP 1 &LNP 1 & VP 1 (cont.) & PP 1 & VP 1

(cont.)81NP281VP281PP281PP381NP381VP381NP481

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(351)

(352)

(353)

191
(cont.) S-c1 1 & S-cl 2 & PP 4 & S—cl 1 (cont.) & S—cl 3 &
PP 5. This is compound-complex and used for dialogue and
narration.
Np (S) & Vi T(Past) & P (del) D Np. NP 1 & VP 1 & PP 1. This
is a simple sentence used for narration.
"Np (S) & 'be T(Pres) & Q Aj (PN), & C Np (S) & M T(Past)'not
Vt 81Np (DO)Vt Np." NP 1 &VP 1 &NP 2 &NP 3 &VP 281NP 4.
This is a compound sentence used for dialogue.
"M T(Pres) 81Np (S) 81 Vt Q Av 81 to Vt Np (D0)?" VP 1 81 NP 1 81
VP 1 (cont.) & NP 2. This is simple and used for dialogue.
Expl & V1 T(Past) & Aj (PN) & to Vt Q Aj D N (S), & C Av &in
(S) & have T(Past) Av Av Vt—en & D N (DO) & P D Aj N & Q Av.
Exl &VP 1 &NP 1 81NP 281VP 281NP 381VP 2 (cont.) 81NP4
& PP 1 & VP 2 (cont.). This is a compound sentence used for
reflection.
"Np (S) (del) & Vt (del) T(Pres) (del) &,Np (D0) (del) & Av to
have Vi & P N & P D N.” NP 1 & VP 1 & NP 2 & VP 1 (cont.) &
PP 1 & PP 2. This is simple and used for dialogue.
Np (S) & Vi T(Past). NP 1 & VP 1. This is simple and used
for narration.
"Np (S) (del) 81 Vi (del) T(Past) (del) Q Av?" NP 1 81 VP 1.
This is a simple sentence used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 81 M T(Pres)'not Vt 81 S Np'be T(Pres) Av D N; 81 C S Np
M T(Pres) Vte Np Q Aj &,Np (S) & ’M T(Pres) Vt &.Sin'be
T(Pres) Av 81 P Np." NP 1 81 VP 1 81 S—cl 1 (DO) 81 S-«cl 2 81 NP 2
& VP 2 & S-cl 3 (DO) &.PP 1. This is a compound—complex

sentence used for dialogue.

192

(354) "Np (S) & have T(Past) to Vi Av C not Vi & P Np." NP 1 & VP 1
&.PP 1. This is a simple sentence used for dialogue.

(355) Np (S) & be T(Past) & Aj (PN); & Np (S) & M T(Past) Vt & S‘Np
have T(Past) Vtuen N, Aj N-~& M T(Past) Vt Av & S Np have
T(Past) Vt-en N. NP 1 8 VP 1 8 NP 2 & NP 3 & VP 2 & S-cl 1
(DO) & VP 2 (cont.) & S-cl 2 (DO). This is compound-complex
and used for reflection.

(356) Np (S)&beT(Past)81PDN81PDDN &SVt-ingN81PN 81V1
T(Past) & P Np & Aj N. NP 1 & VP 1 & PP 1 & PP 2 & S-cl 1 &
PP 4 & S-cl 1 (cont.). This is a complex sentence used for
reflection.

(357) P D N & P D Aj C Aj N, & AV, &‘Np (S) & V1 T(Past) & Aj (PN)
--& D N (PN) & P D Aj N & P D N, D N, D N. PP 1 & PP 2 & VP 1
&.NP 1 & VP 1 (cont.) &LNP 2 &.NP 3 & PP 3 & PP 4. This is a
simple sentence used for reflection.

(358) D N (S) &P Aj N 81 be T(Past) 8‘1 Aj (PN), 81 C Np (S) 81 Av Vi
T(Past) & P D N & R D N M T(Past) have be-en Q Aj C D N & R
have T(Past) Vi-en Av. NP 1 & PP l 8 VP 1 &.NP 2 &;NP 3 &

VP 2 & PP 2 8 R-cl l & R-cl 2. This is compound-complex and
used for reflection.

(359) Np (S) & Vt T(Past) & P DiN & S Np M T(Past) Vte Np D Aj N, &
S S N have T(Past) Vtmen N N. NP 1 & VP 1 & PP 1 & S-cl 1
(DO) & S-cl 2. This is complex and used for reflection.

(360) Np (S) & M T(Past) be &.D N (PN) to Vi Av, & C N's N (S) &,M
T(Past) be Vi-en & P Vt—ing Np Av. ZNP l & VP 1 &LNP 2 & NP 3

& VP 2 & PP 1. This is compound and used for reflection.

193

(361) D N (S) & V1 T(Past) & Aj (PN) &.P Np & Av; & P D N &,Np (S)

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(363)

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(365)

(366)

(367)

& have T(Past) & N (DO) D to Vt & P Np, & S Np Vt T(Past) D N
&;P D N, & S D N have T(Past), D D Np, Vt-en D D Aj N. NP 1 &
VP 1 &UNP 2 & PP 1 &.VP 1 (cont.) & PP 2 &.NP 3 & VP 2 &.NP 4
& PP 3 & S-cl 1 & PP 4 & S-cl 2. This is compounducomplex and
used for narration.

Np (S) & Vi T(Past) to have Vtuen Aj N & P D Aj N 8 P D N; 8
Expl & be T(Past) &.N (S) & Av & R N Np have T(Past) Av Vt-en
& P D Aj N. NP 1 & VP 1 & PP 1 & PP 2 & Ex 1 & VP 2 &.NP 2 &
VP 2 (cont.) & R-cl 2 & PP 3. This is compound-complex and
used for reflection.

Np (S) & M T(Past)'not have Vt-en & N N C N N C N N (DO).

NP 1 &‘VP 1 & NP 2. This is simple and used for reflection.
Np (S) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 D N (DO), 8 P D N, 81 P V't-ing Av D N 81
P D N. NP 1 & VP 1 &,NP 2 & PP 1 & PP 2 & PP 3. This is a
simple sentence used for narration.

Np (S) & be T(Past)'not.Av & D'Np (PN); &.Np (S) & be T(Past)
& Aj (PN) & P Np & P D N. This is compound and used for
exposition.

Np (S) & Vi T(Past) & P D N-N & P N, & P (del) D Aj N & P D Aj
N. NP 1 &.VP 1 & PP 1 & PP 2 & PP 3 & PP 4. This is simple
and used for exposition.

D Aj N (S) 8 have T(Past) Vi-en & P Np Vt-ing Np, to Vt Av D N:
&,Np (S) & Vt T(Past) & S (del) Np M T(Past) Vt to Vt, &.P N,
& P D N & R (del) M T(Past) be" NP 1 & VP 1 & PP 1 & NP 2 &
VP 2 & S~cl 1 (DO) & PP 2 & Sucl 1 (cont.) & R~c1 1. This is

compound-complex and used for narration.

194

(368) D "N-N" (S), 81 D Aj N (S), 8. D Aj N (S), 81 D Aj N (S), 8 D Aj

(369)

(370)

(371)

(372)

(373)

(374)

(375)

N (S), 81 Np (S) 81 Vte T(Past) 81 D N (DO) Q Aj (0C) 81 P Np, 81
CQAj (0C), &PDN &PDN N. NP 1 &NP 2 &NP 3 81NP 481
NP581NP 681W 1 81NP 781PP 1 &NP 7 (cont.)81PP 281PP 3.
This is simple and used for reflection.

Av 81 Expl 81 be T(Past) 81 S D N have T(Past) Vt-en Np 81 P D Aj
N; 81 CNp (S) 8. Vi T(Past) to Vt Np 81 S Np be T(Past) D D N 81
R (del) Np have T(Past) Vtuen Np Av. VP 1 81 Ex 1 81 VP 1 81
S-c11(S)81PP l &NP 1 &VP 2 818—131 281R-c1 1. This is
compound—complex and used for narration.

P D N 81 P N N 81 Np (8)81 have T(Past) Av be-en 81 D N (PN).

PP l 81 PP 2 &NP 1 81 VP 1 81 NP 2. This is simple and used

for exposition.

Np (S) 81 M T(Past)'not Av Vt 81 D N (DO) 81 S Np M T(Past) Vt D
N; 81 R Np M T(Past) Vt 81 be T(Past) 81 to Vi Av (PN) 81 P D N.
NP 181VP 1&NP2818acl 181Ru-c1 1(S)81VP181NP381PP 1.
This is compound—complex and used for exposition.

Np (S) 81 Vi T(Past) D Aj. NP 1 81 VP 1. This is simple and
used for narration.

”C Av M T(Pres)81Np (S) 81 Vt 81 to Vt Np (D0)?" VP 1 81 NP 1 81
VP 1 (cont.) 81 NP 2. This is simple and used for dialogue.
"Np (S) (del) 81 Vt (del) T(Pres) (del) 81 to (del) Vt (del) Np
(DO) (del) 81 S Np Av Vt T(Pres) Np!" NP 1 81 VP 1 81 NP 2 81
Sucl 1. This is complex and used for dialogue.

SNp MT(Past)Vi &PDAjN &PDAjN 81DN(S)81have
T(Past) Vi-en: ”81 Have T(Pres)'not 81 Expl 81 Av be—en 81 D N (S)

81 R Np'have T(Pres) Vt-en to Vi Av." S-cl l 81 PP 1 81 PP 2 81

195

(375) (cont.) NP 1 & VP 1 & VP 2 8 Ex 1 & VP 2 (cont.) & NP 2 &

 

R-cl 1. This is compound—complex and used for narration and
dialogue.

(376) Av M T(Past) 81 Np (S) 8. Vtg 8 Np (10) 81 Q Av 81 Av Av S (del)
Np Vt T(Past) D N & P Vi—ing & P Np? VP 1 &,NP 1 & VP I(cont.)
& S—cl 1 (DO) & PP l & PP 2. This is complex and used for
reflection.

I377) Np (S) & M T(Past) Av Vi & P N & P D N 8 R Expl be T(Past) Av

&PNp81DN,CAVDN; &CNp(S)81VtT(Past)81SDN Vt

 

T(Past)DDN,DDN. NP 181VP 1 &PP 1 &PP 281 R-cl 1 8
PP 3 & R~c1 1 (cont.) &‘NP 2 & VP 2 & S-cl 1 (DO). This is
compound-complex and used for reflection.

378) "Excl, & Excl, & Np (S) 8 'be T(Pres) & D N (PN) & P N.” Ex 1
& Ex 2 &.NP 1 & VP 1 &,NP 2 & PP 1. This is simple and used
for dialogue.

379) "M T(Pres) 81 Np (S) 81 Vt," 81 Np (S) 81. Vi T(Past), "81 S Np'have
T(Pres) D N & P N N's N?" VP 1 &.NP 1 & VP 1 (cont.) &zNP 2 &
VP 2 & S-cl 1 (DC) & PP 1. This is compound-complex and used
for dialogue.

380) "Np (S) & 'have T(Pres) beuen &‘Np (PN) & P Np & C D Aj Np
(PN) Av--81 Np (S) 81 Vt T(Pres) 81Np (DO) 81 P N.” NP 1 81 VP 1
&NP 2 &PP 1 &NP 381NP 481VP 281NP 581PP 2. This is
compound and used for dialogue.

381) "Np (8) &.‘have T(Pres) Av Vt-en & N (D0) &.P Np." NP 1 &

VP 1 & NP 2 & PP 1. This is simple and used for dialogue.

582) ”Expl & 'be T(Pres) &.D N (S) & P R.Np Vi T(Pres) &.S Np Vi

T(Pres) & P N N." Ex 1 & VP 1 &.NP 1 & R-cl 1 & S-cl 1 & PP 1.

 

 

(382)

(383)

(384)

(385)

(386)

(387)

(388)

(389)

(390)

(391)

196
(cont.) This is complex and used for dialogue.
"Np (S) (del) 81 Vt T(Pres) 81 Np (D0) to Vt 81 Av," 81 Np (S) 81
AV’Vi T(Past), ”&,S?Np'be T(Pres) Np & P D Aj N." NP 1 & VP 1
&.NP 2 & VP 1 (cont.) & NP 3 & VP 2 & S-cl l & PP 2. This is
compound—complex and used for dialogue.
”Be (del) T(Pres) (del) & Np (S) (del) & Np (PN) & P D N?"
VP 1 & NP 1 &.NP 2 & PP 1. This is simple and used for
dialogue.
”P N &;Np (S) & be T(Pres)1" PP l &‘NP 1 & VP 1. This is
Simple and used for dialogue.
"Excl, & Expl & be T(Pres) &.N (S) &.R.be T(Pres) Av & P D N."
Ex 1 & Ex 2 & VP 1 & NP 1 & R-cl l & PP 1. This is complex
and used for dialogue.
”Np (S) & Vt T(Pres) & S (del) Np‘be T(Pres) Np &;P Np & P R D
N M T(Pres) be Vi-en." NP 1 & VP 1 & S—cl 1 (DO) & PP l &
R-cl 1. This is complex and used for dialogue.
"D N (S) 8 M (del) '(Pres) (del) be (del) Viuen (del)?" NP 1
& VP 1. This is simple and used for dialogue.
D N (S) & Vi T(Past) & P P P D N &‘P D Aj N. NP 1 & VP 1 &
PP l & PP 2. This is simple and used for narration.
S Np be T(Past) Aj &.P Np &.Np (S) & be T(Past) Av Vi-ing & P
Np, & C P D N &.Np (S) & Vt T(Past) &.Np (DO). S-cl l & PP 1
81NP 1&VP 181PP 281PP 381NP 281VP 281NP 3. This is
compound—complex and used for narration.
"Np (S) (del) & Vt T(Pres) Av & D Aj N (DO) & P Vt-ing Np."
NP 1 & VP 1 &:NP 2 & PP 1. This is a simple sentence used

for dialogue.

 

 

 

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(394)

(395)

(396)

(397)

(398)

399)

197
"Np (S) (del) 81 Vi T(Pres) Av 81 P Np." NP 1 8. VP 1 81 PP 1.

This is a simple sentence used for dialogue.

"Np (S) 81 M T(Pres) be 81 Av Aj (PN)." NP 1 81 VP 1 81 NP 2.

This is a simple sentence used for dialogue.
Np (S) 81 V1 T(Past) & Aj (PN); 81 Av 81 Np (S) 81 V1 T(Past) 81 Av
Aj (PN). NP 1 &VP 1 &NP 2 &VP 281NP 3 &VP 2 (cont.) 81

NP 4. This is compound and used for narration.

"Excl, 81 have T(Pres)'not 81 Np (S) 81 D Aj N (D0)?“ Ex 1 81

VP 1 81 NP 1 81 NP 2. This is simple and used for dialogue.

DN (8)81 be T(Past) 81 Aj C Aj (PN) 81 P D Aj N. This is a

simple sentence used for exposition. NP 1 81 VP 1 81 NP 2 81

PP 1.
"Excl, 81 D Aj Aj 'N' (D0)!" 81 Np (8)81 Vt T(Past); ”81 Np (S)

81 'be T(Pres) Vi-ing 81 P Np, 81 C D N (S) 81 Vt T(Pres) 81 Np (DO)
&Av81PAjN." Ex181NP 181NP 281VP 181NP 381VP 281

PP 1 81NP 481VP 381NP 581VP 3 (cont.)81PP 2. This isa

compound sentence used for dialogue.

"S Np Vt T(Pres) D N Q Aj 81 P D N 81 P Np, 81Np (S) (del) 81 Vt

T(Pres) 81Np (DO) 8 P D Aj N 81 P beuing D N 81 P Av." S-cl 1 8

PP 1 &PP 281NP 181VP 1 81NP 281PP 381PP 481PP 5. This
is complex and used for dialogue.

"Np (S) (del) 81 Vt T(Pres) 81 Np (DO) 81 Av 81 P R'be T(Pres) Aj
81 P Np, 81 C Np (S) (del) 81 Vt T(Pres) 81 Np (DO) 81 P D D Aj N."
NP 1 &VP 1 81NP 281VP 1 (cont.)81R-cl 1 &PP 1 81NP 381

VP 2 81 NP 4 81 PP 2. This is compound—complex and used for

dialogue.

198

(400) D Aj11(S) &,Vt T(Past) 8 to Vi (DO) 8 P Np 8 P N C N, 8 C D‘N

(401)

(402)

(403)

(404)

(405)

(406)

:407)

408)

(S)81P D N & P R.Np have T(Past) Av Vi-en & be T(Past) & to
Vt Np Av Vi Av: ”81 Vi T(Pres) Av, 81 N (8)-~81 Np (S) 81 'be
T(Pres) 8 D N (PN) 8 P Np?" NP 1 8 VP 1 8QNP 2 8 PP 1 8 PP 2
81NP 3 &TPP 3 & R~c1 1 & VP 2 &,NP 4 (PN) & VP 3 &,NP 5 &,NP 6
& VP 4 &flNP 7 8 PP 4. This is compounducomplex and used for 1?
narration and dialogue.

"D‘N (S) & P'Np & be T(Pres) & S, & S Np M T(Pres)'not Vi Av,
81N M T(Pres) Vt D Aj N & P D N." NP 1 & PP 1 & VP 1 & Sucl 1 L

(PN) &.S-cl 2 & Sucl 1 (cont.) 8 PP 2. This is complex and 1

 

used for dialogue.

Np (S) & Vi T(Past) & P (del) D N. NP 1 8 VP 1 & PP 1. This
is simple and used for narration.

”Np (S) 8 have T(Pres)’not & D N (D0)?” NP 1 & VP 1 &‘NP 2.
This is simple and used for dialogue.

”Np (S) (del) & have (del) T(Pres) (del) &.Np (D0) to Vi P."
NP 1 & VP 1 &,NP 2. This is simple and used for dialogue.

"M T(Pres) 81Np (S) 81 Vt 81 S Aj N Vi T(Pres) 81 P D N?" VP 1 81
NP 1 &.VP 1 (cont.) & S-cl 1 (DO) & PP 1. This is complex and
used for dialogue.

"Np (S) 81 Av Av Vt T(Pres) 81 Np (D0)." NP 1 8. VP 1 &NP 2.
This is simple and used for dialogue.

"C C Np (S) 81 M T(Pres)'not Vt 81 Np (D0) 81 P P D Aj N?" NP 1
&.V1’ 1 &iNP 2 & PP 1. This is simple and used for dialogue.
WVp (S) & 'be T(Pres) Vi-en, Viuen, Vi-en, & P D N &,P be-ing
‘Viuenu" NP 1 & VP 1 & PP 1 8 PP 2. This is simple and used

for dialogue.

(409)

(410)

(411)

(412)

(413)

(414)

(415)

416)

417)

199
%J(S) &‘Vt T(Pres) &.Np (D0) to Vtg Np D N, D Aj N, & R M
TKPast)'n0t D Vt D N & P Np & P D N." NP 1 &,VP 1 &‘NP 2 &
R-c11.& PP 1 & PP 2. This is complex and used for dialogue.
"Np (S) (del) 81 M (del) T(Past) (del) not (del) Vt (del) 81 Np
(D0)W' NP 1 & VP 1 &.NP 2. This is simple and used for
dialogue.
'Tk>(S) & 'M T(Past) Vt &.D Np (D0)!" NP 1 & VP 1 &'NP 2.
This is simple and used for dialogue.
"Np (S) (del) 81 Vt T(Pres) 81 D N (D0)—-81 Np (S) (del) 81 Vt
T(Pres) 81DN (D0)." NP 1 &VP 1 &NP 2 &NP 3 &VP 2 &NP 4.
This is compound and used for dialogue.
"Np (S) & Pin & R Vt T(Pres) Np & Av Vt T(Pres) &‘Np (DO) &
to Vt Np.” NP 1 & PP 1 & R-cl l & VP 1 & NP 2 & VP 1 (cont.).
This is a complex sentence used for dialogue.
"Excl, &,Np (S) & 'be T(Pres) & Q Aj (PN)1" & D N (S) & Vi
T(Past) &PDN &PDN. Ex 1 &NP 1 &VP 1 81NP 281NP 3 &
VP 2 &.PP 1 & PP 2. This is compound and used for dialogue
and narration.
"Np (S) & 'be T(Pres) &.D D N (PN) & S (del) Np be T(Past) Av
Vt-en Aj'." 81Np (S) 81 Vi T(Past). NP 1 81 VP 1 81 NP 2 81 S—cl l
& NP 3 &.VP 2. This is a compound-complex sentence used for
dialogue and narration.
Np (S) 81 Vt T(Past) Av 81 D N (DO). NP 1 81 VP 1 &NP 2. This
is simple and used for narration.
”Expl 81 'be T(Pres) 81 D N (S) 81 P Np 81 Av 81 R’be T(Pres) D Aj
N, 81 C R Av have T(Pres)'not Vt-en, 81 S (del) Np be T(Pres) Aj,

81DN &RNpAvViT(Past)." Ex1&VP1&NP1&PP1&

 

(417)

(418)

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(421)

(422)

(423)

(425)

(426)

200
(cont.) VP 1 (cont.) 8 Rucl l & R-cl 2 & S-cl l & R-cl 2
(cont.) & R—cl 3. This is complex and used for dialogue.
D N's N (S) & V1 T(Past) & Aj (PN). NP 1 & VP 1 & NP 2.
This is a simple sentence used for narration.
"Av Av M T(Pres) & Np (S) & Vi-u?” VP 1 &‘NP 1 & VP 1 (cont.).
This is a simple sentence used for dialogue.
"Np (S) (del) & Vi (del) T(Pres) (del) & P Vi-ing." NP 1 &
VP 1 & PP 1. This is simple and used for dialogue.
"Np (S) & Av Vt T(Pres) &ZNp (DO) & P D Aj N." NP 1 & VP 1 &
NP 2 & PP 1. This is simple and used for dialogue.
"M T(Pres) 81 Np (S) 81 Vt 81 to Vt AV to Vt D Aj N?" VP 1 81
NP 1 & VP 1 (cont.) & NP 2 (D0). This is simple and used for
dialogue.
"Np (S) (del) & Av Vt T(Pres) & Np (D0)." NP 1 & VP 1 &LNP 2.
This is simple and used for dialogue.
"Np (S) (del) 81 M (del) T(Pres) (del) Vt 81 Np (D0)?" 81 Np (S)
&Av Vi T(Past). NP 1 81 VP 1 &NP 2 &NP 3 81 VP 2. This is
compound and used for dialogue and narration.
"Np (S) (del) & M T(Pres)'not Vt &‘Np (D0) to have to Vt N & P
Np; 83Np (S) (del) 8 Vt T(Pres) 8 Np (DO) 8 P N, 8 Np (3)
(del) 81 Vt T(Pres) 81 Np (D0) 81 P D N 81 C. Np (8) (del) 81 Av Vt
T(Pres) & D N (D0).” NP 1 & VP 1 & NP 2 & PP l &.NP 3 & VP 2
81NP 4 & PP 2 &.NP 5 &,VP 3 &.NP 6 &.PP 3 & NP 7 & VP 4 &
NP 8. This is compound and used for dialogue.
"M T(Pres) & Np (S) & Vt & to Vt (D0)," & Np (S) & Vi T(Past),
& Vi-ing &.P D'N, ”& AV to Vt D N & P N Q Aj?” VP 1 &,NP 1 &

VP 1 (cont.) & NP 2 &.NP 3 & VP 2 &zNP 3 (cont.) & PP 1 &

(426)

(427)

(428)

(429)

(430)

(431)

432)

201

(cont.) NP 2 (cont.) 81 PP 2. This is compound and used for
dialogue and narration.

Av 81 S Np Vi T(Past) 81 P D N 81 Np (S) (del) 81 Vi (de1)T(Past)
(del): "81 Np (S) (del) 81 Vi T(Pres) 81 P Av Vt-ing Np 81 P Np!”
VP181S-c1 181PP 1 81NP 181VP 1 (cont.)8zNP 281VP 281

PP 2 81 PP 3. This is compound-complex and used for narration F—
and dialogue. i
"Np (S) (del) 81 M (del) T(Past) (del) Av 81 P Np 81 Vt (del) 81

Np (D0) (del)?" 81 Np (S) & Av Vi T(Past). NP 1 81 VP 1 81 PP 1 !

 

81 VP 1 (cont.) &NP 2 81 NP 3 & VP 2. This is a compound

1;

sentence used for dialogue and narration.

"D Np (S) 81 R (del) Np Vi T(Pres) 81 P D N 81 be (del) T(Pres)
(del) 81 D Np (PN) 81 R (de1)Np'M T(Pres) Vi P; 81 C Np (8)81

'M T(Pres) be Av Vi-en 81 P D N 81 P D N & R (de1)Np'be T(Pres)
Vt—inng." NP 1 81 R-cl 1 &PP 1 &VP 1 &NP 2 81R-c1 2 81

NP 3 81 VP 2 81 PP 2 81 PP 3 81 R—cl 3. This is compound-complex
and used for dialogue.

Np (S) 81ViT(Past)81PNp &P NCN, &CP DN 81R (del) Np
have T(Past)Vi-en81PNp81PN, N, N. NP 1 &VP 1 &PP 1 81
PP 2 81 PP 3 81 R-cl l 81 PP 4 81 PP 5. This is complex and used
for narration.

Np (S) 81 be T(Past) Av 81 Aj (PN) to Vt 81 S Np M T(Pres) have
Vt-en &PDN &DN &PDN81PNp. NP 1 &VP 1 81NP 281
S—cl l 81 PP l 81 S-cl 1 (cont.) 81 PP 2 81 PP 3. This is complex
and used for reflection.

"Np (S) & Vt T(Pres) 81 S(del) Np Vt T(Pres) 81 R Np Vt T(Pres)."

NP 1 81 VP 1 81 S-cl 1 (DO) 81 R-cl 1. This is complex and used

(432)

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(434)

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(436)

(437)

(438)

(439)

202
(cont.) for dialogue.
"Excl, 81 Np (S) 81 Vt T(Pres) 81 Np (DO) 81 Av; 81 C Np (S) 81 M
T(Past) be Vi-en 81 S Np M T(Past) Vt Np Vi to Vt Np--to Vt Np
Av." Ex 1 &NP 1 &VP 1 81NP 281VP 1 (cont.) &NP 3 &VP 2
81 S-cl 1. This is compound-complex and used for dialogue.
Np (S) 81 Vt T(Past) 81 D N (DO) 81 P Np, 81 C D Aj N (S) 81 Vi
T(Past) 81 P D Aj N, 81 P R Np Av Vt T(Past) D N Av Av to Vt
NpAv. NP 1&VP181NP281PP 181NP381VP281PP281
R-cl 1. This is compound-complex and used for narration.
"Np (S) 81 M T(Past) Vi to Vt 81 P N 81 S Np M T(Past) Vi D Aj Av
&PN(81PDDAjN, 81S (del)NpViT(Pres) )81CVtDN CN
DAjAv." NP181VP 181PP 181S-c1 181PP 281PP 381S-c1 2
& S-cl 1 (cont.). This is complex and used for dialogue.
"Np (DO) 81M T(Pres) 81Np (S) 81Vt81 P DN CN?" NP 1 &VP 1
81 NP 2 81 VP 1 (cont.) 81 PP 1. This is simple and used for
dialogue.
"Np (S) 8 M T(Past)’not Av Vt 81Np (D0)." NP 1 8 VP 1 8 NP 2.
This is a simple sentence used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 81 'be T(Pres) not 81 Aj (PN)," 81 Np (S) 81 Vi T(Past),
"81 R Np Vi T(Pres) D, 81 C Np (S) 81 Vt T(Pres) 81 S Np 81 P D N
81Vt T(PreS)Np Av." NP 1 &VP 1 81NP 281NP 3 &VP 2 81
R-cl 1 &NP 4 &VP 3 81 S—cl 1 (DO) &PP l 81 S-cl 1 (cont.).
This is compound—complex and used for dialogue.
Np (S) 81 have T(Past) Vi-en Av to Vi, 81 C S Np Vt T(Past) Np
to Vi 81 P not Vt-ing N N 81 Np (S) 81 Vt T(Past) 81 Np (DO) 81 Av,
Av, 81 toVi81PDN. NP 181VP 181S-c1 181PP181NP 281

VP 2 &NP 3 81 VP 2 (cont.) &NP 3 (cont.) 81 PP 2. This is

 

(439)

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(443)

(444)

445)

203
(cont.) compound—complex and used for narration and reflection.
Np (S) 81 be T(Past) & P D N 81 Av 81 P Vt-ing to Vt Np Av.
NP 1 &VP 1 81 PP l 81 VP 1 (cont.) 81 PP 2. This is simple and
used for reflection.
S N N N, Av, be T(Past) Av Vt-ing D N 81 P D Aj N, 81 Np (8)81
VtT(Past)81DAjN (DO) tthNpAth, 81P N81PDN, &DAj
N 81 P Np's have-ing Vi-en Av & P D N 81 P D Aj N 81 C be-en Vi-en
&PDN81PN. S-cl 181PP 181NP 1 &VP 1 81NP 281PP 281
PP 3 81NP 2 (cont.) 8 PP 4 8 PP 5 &.PP 6 8 PP 4 (cont.) 8 PP 7
81 PP 8. This is a complex sentence used for narration.
Vi-ing Av 81 P D N 81 to Vi, Np (S) 81 Vt T(Past) 81 D Aj N (D0)
&PDN. NP 1 &PP 1 81NP 1(cont.)81VP l &NP 2 &PP 2.
This is simple and used for narration.
Av Vt-ing Np Av Av, Np (S) 81 Vi T(Past) 81 P D Aj N: "81 Excl, 81
c Np (S) &.M T(Pres) Vt 85Np (Do):" NP 1 8 VP 1 & PP 1 8 Ex 1
81 NP 2 81 VP 2 81 NP 3. This is compound and used for narration
and dialogue.
Np (S) 81 have T(Past) to Vt 81 S Np be T(Past) D N; 81 C Np (S)
81 be T(Past) not 81 Q Aj (PN) 81 P D Aj N 81 S Np M T(Past) have
Vi—en. NP 1 &VP 1 &S-cl 1 81NP2&VP 281NP 381PP 181
S-cl 2. This is compounducomplex and used for narration and
reflection.
Np (S) 81Vt T(Past)81DN (DO)81AV, Av, &P D Aj N 81 P RNp
Av Vi T(Past): "81 Excl, 81 Np (S) 81 M T(Past)'not Vt 81 Np (D0)
to be Aj'." NP 1 &VP 1 &NP 2 81 VP 2 (cont.)81PP 1 81 R—cl 1
81 Ex 1 81 NP 3 81 VP 2 & NP 4. This is compound-complex and

used for narration and dialogue.

 

 

 

204

(446) P (del) D N 81 Np (S) 81 Vi T(Past) 81 P N, 81 C Np (S) 81 Vt
T(Past) 81Np (D0) to Vt Np Vt DN to Vi &P NN. PP 1 &NP 1
&VP181PP 2 &NP 2 &VP 2 &NP 3 &PP 3. This is compound
and used for narration.

(447) Np (S) 81 Vt T(Past) 81 Np (D0) 81 S Np M T(Past) Vt Np Av 81 P
NpD. NP 1 &VP 1 &NP 2 &S—cl 1 &PP 1. This is Complex
and used for narration.

(448) "Excl, 81 Np (S) 81 'M T(Pres) Vt 81 D N (D0) 81 Av 81 P Np, 81 P D

N1"&Np (S)81Vi T(Past)Av, &PDN. Ex181NP181VP 181

 

NP2&VP 1(cont.)81PP 1 &PP 281NP 381VP 281PP 3. This
is compound and used for dialogue and narration.

(449) Np (S) 81 Vi T(Pres) to Vt Np, 8 c Np (S) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 N N
(DO)81P (del)DDN81tth81PDN 81Np81PDDAjN. NP 1
&VP 1 81NP 281VP 281NP 381PP 1 &NP 3 (cont.)81PP 281
NP 3 (cont.) & PP 3. This is compound and used for narration.

(450) Np (S) 81 Vtg T(Past) 81 Np (IO) 81 S Np have T(Past) Vi-en Vi—en
81 P D Aj N 81 R have T(Past) Vt-en Np--81 D Aj N (S) 81 be
T(Past) 81N N (PN), 81 C Np (S) 81 Vi T(Past) 81 P D N; 81 Av
Vi-ing81PNp&AvAv&PDN 8P Vi-ingVi81PAjN 81PDN
D. NP 1 &VP 181NP 281S-c1 1 (DO)81PP l 81R-c1 1 &NP 3
&VP 2&NP481NP 581VP 381PP 281NP 1(cont.)81PP 381
NP 1 (cont.) 81 PP 4 81 PP 5 81 PP 6 81 PP 7. This is compound-
complex and used for narration and exposition.

i451) Np (8)81 be T(Past) 8 s Np Vt T(Past) Np 8 P N N 8 0 Av 8 P P
DN. NP 181VP 181S-cl 1(PN)81PP l 81S-cl 1 (cont.)&

PP 2. This is complex and used for reflection and narration.

205

(452) Np (S) 81 Vi T(Past) to Vt Np 81 P N, 81 C Np (S) 81 Vi T(Past)

(453)

(454)

(455)

(456)

4.57)

81 P Np 81 C Np (S) 81 Vt T(Past) Av: 81 Np (S) 81 Vt T(Past) 0 Av
&tthNp (DO)81PNN. NP 1 &VP 1 &PP 181NP 281VP 281
&PP281NP 381VP 3 81NP481VP 4&NP 581PP 3. This is
compound and used for narration.

Np (S) 81 Vi T(Past) Av, 81 S (del) Np M T(Pres) Av Vi, 81 to Vt
Np81PDN. NP 181VP l &S-cl 1 &VP 1 (cont.)81PP 1. This
is complex and used for narration.

Np (S) 81 have T(Past) be-en Av Vi-en, 81 P (de1)D Np 81 R (del)
NpVi T(Past)81PNp, 81PDN &PNp81PDN &PN: 81Np (S) 81
have T(Past) Vi-en 81 P Vt—ing Np & P D Aj N. NP 1 81 VP 1 81
PP 181R-c1 1 &PP281PP381PP481PP 581PP 681NP 281VP 2
81 PP 7 81 PP 8. This is compound—complex and used for
narration.

Np (S) 81 Av Vt T(Past) 81 to Vt Np Aj (DO) 81 P Np, 81 S Av Np M
T(Past) Vt 81 S, 81 S D Aj N be T(Past) Aj, 81 Np Vt T(Past) D N
&RDNVt T(Past)NpAv. NP 1 &VP 1 81NP 281PP 181S-c1 l
& Sucl 2 & S-cl 3 & S—cl 2 (cont.) & R-cl 1. This is complex
and used for narration.

Np (S) 8 have T(Past) 8 Np (D0) 8 P D N 8 to Vt Np Av; 8 Np
(S) 81 Vt T(Past) 81 Np (D0) 81 R M T(Past) Vi 81 P Np, 81 C D N
(S)&PDAjN'sN81V1T(Past)81PN &QAj (PN)&PDDN.
NP 1 &VP 181NP 281PP 1 &NP 2 (cont.)81NP 381VP 281NP 4
81R-c1 181PP281NP581PP 381VP 381PP481NP 6&PP5.
This is compound-complex and used for narration.

"Np (S) (del) 81 Vt T(Pres) 81 Np (DO), 81Np (3) (del) 81 Vt

T(Pres) 81 Np (D0)," 81 Np (S) 81 Av Vi T(Past); 81 S Vt-ing Np &

 

 

(457)

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(459)

(460)

(461)

(462)

206
(cont.) 8P DN, 81Np Vt T(Past)Np 8P Aj 81R, 8P P DN, 8
Np be T(Past) D N 81 R have T(Past), 81 S Np Vt T(Past) Np, 81
Vt-ean. NP181VP181NP281NP381VP 2&NP481NP581
VP 3 & S-cl 1 & PP 1 & S-cl 1 (cont.) & PP 2 & R-cl 1 & PP 3 &
R-cl 1 (cont.) & R-cl 2 & S-cl 2 & Rucl 2 (cont.). This is
compound-complex and used for dialogue and narration.
Np (S) 8 Vt T(Past) 81Np(D0)81 Av 8 S Np M T(Past) Vt N, 8 c
D Aj.N's N (S) & be T(Past) Vi-en & P D N. NP 1 & VP 1 &.NP 2
&'VP 1 (cont.) & S~c1 1 &;NP 3 & VP 2 & PP 1. This is a
compound-complex sentence used for narration.
Expl & be T(Past) & D Aj N (S), & P R.Np Vt T(Past) Np, & R Vt
T(Past) Np &.P D Aj N. Ex 1 & VP 1 &iNP l & R-cl 1 & R~c1 2 &
PP 1. This is complex and used for narration.
Av81PDAjN81DN (S),NN,81Vi T(Past)Av81PN,81CDDN
(8)81 Vt T(Past) 81 to Vt (D0), 81 S Np Vt T(Past) Np, D N.
VP 1 & PP 1 &LNP 1 & VP 1 (cont.) &.PP 2 &.NP 2 & VP 2 &:NP 3
& s-cl l &.NP 3 (cont.). This is compound-complex and used
for narration.
Np (S) & Vt T(Past) &.D N (D0) &.S Np have T(Past) be-en Vi-en
& P N N. NP 1 & VP 1 &iNP 2 & S-cl l & PP 1. This is complex
and used for reflection.
Np (S) 81 Vt T(Past) 81 N (DO) 81 C Vi T(Past) Av, 81 C Np (S) 81 P
DN 81Vt T(Past) 81N N (D0) to Vt, &PN'SN, &AjN &PN.
NP 1 81VP181NP2&VP1(cont.)81NP381PP181VP281NP4
& PP 2 &:NP 4 (cont.) &.PP 3. This is compound and used for

narration.

 

 

207

(463) Np (S) 81 Av M T(Past) Av have Vt-en 81 Np (DO) Av to Vi 81 P D N
&PDN. NP 1 &VP 1 81NP 281PP 1 &PP 2. This is simple
and used for narration.

(464) Av, 8 Vt-ing D N Vi-en 81 P D N, 8 Np (S) 8 Av Vt T(Past) 8 D N
(DO) &?P D N &.C Av AV Vt T(Past) & D N (DO). VP 1 & NP 1 &
&PP1&NP1(c0nt.)&VP1(cont.)81NP281PP281VP1 1..
(cont.) 81 NP 3. This is simple and used for narration.

(465) PDN, 81SNp be T(Past)81PDN &PNp (81N N (S) &have

T(Past) Vt-en 81 Np (DO) 81 P D N) 81 Np (S) 81 Vt T(Past) 81 to Vt

 

NNAv (DO)81PNp81PDN. PP 181S-c1 181PP281PP 381
NP181VP 181NP281PP481NP381VP 281NP481PP581PP 6.
This is compound-complex and used for narration.

(466) P Np 81Np (S) 81 Vt T(Past) 81 DN (D0) to Vt N 81P Np, 81 C S D
N Vt T(Past) D Aj N 81 P D Aj N, 81 Vt T(Past), 81 P (del) D D N
&PDN, &DAjN (DO)81PDN. PP181NP 1 &VP 181NP 281
PP281S-c1 l &PP381VP 1(cont.)81PP481PP 581NP 381
PP 6. This is complex and used for narration.

(467) To Vt Np Av 81 Np (S) 81 Vt T(Past) 81 D N (DO) 81 P Np, 81 Vt-ing
Np & 0 Av Av S (del) Np Vt T(Past) DN's Aj N. VP 1 &NP 1 81
VP 1 (cont.) &NP 2 81 PP 1 &NP 1 (cont.) 81 S-cl 1. This is
complex and used for narration.

(468) P N 81 P N 81Np (S) &Av Vi T(Past) 81 P Np 81 P Aj N, 81 Vt-ing
Np Vt 81 SN have T(Past) Vi-en &P D N. PP 1 81 PP 2 &NP 1 81
VP 1 &PP 3 &PP 4 &NP 1 (cont.) 81 S-cl 1 &PP 5. This is
complex and used for narration.

(469) D N (S), 81 S (del) Np M T(Pres) Vi, 81 Vt T(Past) 81 D N (DO) 81

PNp81PRDNbeT(Pres) notAv. NP181S-cl 181VP181NP2

 

(469)

(470)

(471)

(472)

(473)

(474)

(475)

208
(cmux) & PP l 8 R-cl 1. This is complex and used for
narration.
Expl81be T(Past) & D N (S) & S Np Vte T(Past) Np D N to Vt Np
81 P N N; 81 C Np (S) 81 be T(Past) Vi-en 81P DN 81 R Expl be
TKPast) N Q Aj & P D N. Ex 1 & VP 1 &LNP 1 & S-cl 1 & PP 1 &
NP 2 &‘VP 2 & PP 2 & R-cl 1 & PP 3. This is compound-complex
and used for narration.
[)N (S) & Av, & P DIN & P D N, & be T(Past) Vi—en & P D Aj N--
81P (del) D:N 8 P Vt-ing 8 Q AV'S Np M T(Past) be Aj, 8 D‘N 8
P R.Np have T(Past) Vt-en D Aj N. NP 1 & VP 1 & PP 1 & PP 2 &
VP 1(cont.)81PP 3 &PP 4 &PP 5 81 S-cl 1 &PP 5 (cont.) 81
R-cl 1. This is complex and used for narration.
D N (S) &.M T(Past) Av Av Vi Av, & C Expl & be T(Past) & D Aj
Np (S) 81 R Vt T(Past) Av Q Aj N; 81 C Np (S) 81 Av be T(Past)
not &,P N. NP 1 & VP 1 & Ex 1 & VP 2 &.NP 2 & R—cl 1 &cNP 3 &
VP 3 & PP 1. This is compound-complex and used for reflection.
Np (S)&Vt T(Past)81P DN 81tth Np Vi Av (DO) &PDN 81P
R, 81 P Np’s Vt-ing D Aj N, 81 Np have T(Past) Vtg-en Np D Aj N.
NP 1 & VP 1 & PP 1 &.NP 2 & PP 2 & R-cl 1 & PP 3 & R-cl 1
(cont.). This is complex and used for reflection.
Np (S) & Vtg T(Past) & Np (IO) & S (del) Expl be T(Past) D N
.Av &.P Np's Vi-ing Av & S D Aj N, &:S Np Vi T(Past) to Vi & P
NN's, &MT(Past) VteDN Aj. NP 1 &VP 1 &NP 2 &S-cl 1
(DO) &LPP 1 & S~cl 2 & S-cl 3 & PP 2 & S-cl 2 (cont.). This
.is complex and used for reflection.
Expl 81 Av Av Vt T(Past) 81 Np (D0) 81 S D N D be T(Past) Q Aj C

QAj8zSAV81PDN&ExleT(Past)beDN &PDAjCAjN,81

(475)

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(477)

(478)

(479)

(480)

209
(cont.) P(de1) D Aj N & R, & P D N, & M T(Past) Av V1 D N &,P
N. Ex 1 & VP 1 &;NP 1 & S—cl 1 (S) & S-cl 2 & PP 1 & S-cl 2
(cont.) & PP 2 & PP 3 & R-cl 1 & PP 4 & R-cl 1 (cont.) & PP 5.
This is complex and used for reflection.
Expl & M T(Past) Av not be Vi-ing & N (S) to Vt, & S (del) Np
Vi T(Past), & S D‘N be T(Past) D N to be Q Aj & P Np (del) & C
P (del) D N to have be-en Vi—en & P Np. Ex 1 8 VP 1 &zNP 1 &
S-cl l & S-cl 2 & PP l & PP 2 & PP 3. This is complex and
used for reflection.
D N (S) &:P D N, & Av, Vi T(Past) C Vi T(Past) & P D N. NP 1
& PP l & VP 1 8 PP 2. This is simple and used for narration.
Np (S) & have T(Past), & P Vi-ing & P P N, Vt-en & to Vi (D0)
& P D N &.P D Aj N, N N, & R Aj N, & S'Np Av Vi T(Past) to Vi
& P N N's, & be T(Past) to be D Np to Vi & P D‘N &,P N. NP 1
& VP 1 & PP 1 & PP 2 & VP 1 (cont.) & NP 2 & PP 3 & PP 4 &
R-cl 1 & S-cl 1 & PP 5 & R-cl 1 (cont.) & PP 6 & PP 7. This
is complex and used for narration.
N N's N (S) &,be T(Past) & D'N (PN) &.P R.D N & P D‘N, C Q Av
DIN, & Vi T(Past) &.P D N & P D Aj N &.Av Q Av &.Sin Vi
T(Past) & P N C "N." NP 1 & VP 1 &QNP 2 & R-cl 1 & PP l &
R-cl 1 (cont.) & PP 2 & PP 3 & R-cl 1 (cont.) & S-cl l & PP 4.
This is complex and used for exposition.
Np (S) & Vi T(Past) & P D N & P D'N; &sz (S) & be T(Past) & D
N (PN) 8 P N, 8 D N (PN) 8,P P N, &.C Expl 8 be T(Past) 8 D Aj
N (S) &,P R.N N &.C N N, N N C N N Vt T(Past) &,P N &;P D Aj N
& S Np have T(Past) Av Vi—en Av & P Np. NP 1 & VP 1 & PP 1 &

PP 2 &.NP 2 &.VP 2 &.NP 3 &,PP 3 &.NP 4 &.PP 4 & Ex 1 & VP 3 &

(480)

(481)

(482)

(483)

(484)

(485)

(486)

210
(cont.) NP 5 & R-cl 1 & PP 5 & PP 6 & S-cl 1 & PP 7. This is
compound-complex and used for exposition and narration.
N (S) & have T(Past) be-en Av Vi-en C Vi-en, & Vt-ing & P Aj
AjAj—N&DAjN81RtoVi81PDN&beT(Past)CQAjDNCD
N & P N. NP 1 & VP 1 & NP 1 (cont.) & PP l &‘NP 1 (cont.) &
R-cl 1 & PP 2 & R-cl 1 (cont.) & PP 3. This is complex and
used for narration.
P N N & P D Aj "N" & R Vi T(Past) to Vt D D Aj N, & Expl & be
T(Past) & D Aj Ad N (PN) & S Np M T(Past) Vi & P D‘N. PP 1 &
PP 2 & R—cl l & Ex 1 & VP 1 &iNP 1 & S-cl 1 (S) & PP 3. This
is complex and used for exposition.
Expl & be T(Past) & N (S) & S Np Vt T(Past) & S (del) Np M
T(Past) have Vt-en D N &.P Np &,S Np have T(Past) not be-en Q
Av Aj. Ex 1 & VP 1 &JNP 1 & S-cl 1 & S-cl 2 & PP 1 & S-cl 3.
This is complex and used for reflection.
Np (S) 8 Vt T(Past), 8 P D N, 8,N N's N (DO), 8 c have T(Past)
&DAjN (D0) 81Av818, Av Av, Np Vt T(Past)81S (de1)DAjN
have T(Past) be-en Vi-en & P N N &.P D N &,P D N. NP 1 & VP 1
& PP 1 &.NP 2 & VP 1 (cont.) &.NP 3 & VP 1 (cont.) & S-cl l &
S-cl 2 &.PP 2 & PP 3 & PP 4. This is a complex sentence used
for narration.
D Aj N (S) & P Rpr be T(Past) Av Aj, & C R have T(Past) D N &
P N N, & be T(Past) to Vt &.Q Av S (del) Np M'TCPast) Vt Np Vi.
NP 1 & R-cl 1 & R-cl 2 & PP 1 & VP 1 & S-cl 1. This is
complex and used for narration.
AjN (S), &PN, &be T(Past) Av tthNpAv81PDAjN. NPl

& PP 1 & VP 1 & PP 2. This is simple and used for narration.

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211
Np (S)&VtT(Past)81DN (DO)81PDNp81PAjN,&CDN (S)
& be T(Past) & D Aj N (PN) & P R D Aj C D Aj N Vi T(Past) Av &
P D Aj N. NP 1 & VP 1 &'NP 2 & PP 1 & PP 2 &NNP 3 & VP 2 &
NP 4 & R-cl l & PP 3. This is compound-complex and used for
exposition.
Np (S) & have T(Past) &.D N (DO) & PZNp & P R.Np Vt T(Past) to
Vt&SDN81PDDN81beT(Past) tthDN--not toVi81PDN
& P Aj N. NP 1 & VP 1 &.NP 2 & PP l & R-cl 1 & S-cl l & PP 2
& S-cl 1 (cont.) & PP 3 & PP 4. This is complex and used for
narration.
DiN (S) & R (del) Np be T(Past) Av Aj P & be T(Past) & D N(PN)
& P N & R have T(Past) Vt-en & RfiNp Vte T(Past) Aj N, & Q Aj
(PN) & be T(Past) &;Np (S) & R D Aj N &.P Np & M T(Past) be to
VthVtDN81PVt-ingDN &PAjN81CVt-ingN81PDAjN81
& P D N &.P N. NP 1 & R-cl 1 & VP 1 &INP 2 & PP 1 & R-cl 2 &
R-cl 3 & NP 3 &.VP 2 &XNP 4 & Reel 4 & PP 2 & R-cl 4 (cont.) &
PP 3 & PP 4 & PP 3 (cont.) & PP 5 & PP 6 & PP 7. This is
compound-complex and used for reflection.
Np (S) & V1 T(Past) & Aj (PN) & R & S Np M T(Past) have Vi—en
& P Np & Expl M T(Past) Av be D Aj‘N &.P N & Vt Np to be Aj P;
81CAv81Np(S)81MT(Past)V181Aj (PN)Q81PDN81PAjN&
P R.Np Vt T(Past) D N & R Vt T(Past) D Aj NAN. NP 1 & VP 1 &
NP 2 & R-cl l & S-cl 1 & PP l & R-cl 1 (cont.) & PP 2 & R-cl 1
(cont.) & VP 2 &,NP 3 & VP 2 (cont.) & NP 4 & PP 3 & PP 4 &
R-cl 2 & R-cl 3. This is compound-complex and used for

reflection.

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212
Np (S) & have T(Past) & D N (D0) & P N N & P D N & R (del) Np
Vt T(Past)81CNp (DO)81PDN 8PDDN, 81PDN81PN,81R
N N Vi T(Past) to have Vt-en to Vi & P Np & P D N. NP 1 &
VP181NP281PP181PP281R-c1181NP381PP3&PP481PP5
& PP 6 & R—cl 2 & PP 7 & PP 8. This is complex and used for
narration.
Np (S) 81Vi T(Past) &PDN; 81Np (S) 81Vt T(Past) 81SNp be
T(Past)QAj81PN81PDN_, &PN81PN; 81Np(S)81VtT(Past)
& S (del)in M T(Past) Av Vt DIN & P D Aj N. NP 1 & VP 1 &
PP181NP2&VP281S-c11(DO)81PP281PP381PP481PP5&
NP 3 &‘VP 3 & S-cl 2 (DO) & PP 6. This is compound-complex
and used for narration.
DAjN (S)&PN,81PAjN,&Vi T(Past)81PDN, &CNp (8)81
MT(Past)AvVi81PDN81PN. NP181PP181PP281VP181
PP 3 &ZNP 2 &.VP 2 & PP 4 & PP 5. This is compound and used
for exposition.
Np (S) & have T(Past) not Vtg-en &sz (IO) & S (del) Np be
T(Past) Aj Av--& S‘Np have T(Past) Vt—en D‘N; & C Np (S) &
have T(Past) not Vt-en 81Np (D0), &.C Np (S) & Vte T(Past) &
D N (DO) D Aj N (00). NP 1 & VP 1 &.NP 2 & S-cl 1 (DO) &
S-cl2(DO)81NP381VP2&NP481NP581VP381NP 6. This
is compound-complex and used for narration.
D Aj N (S) & R (del) Np Vt T(Past) &.P Np & be T(Past) & S‘Np
Vt T(Past) & S (del) D Aj N & P Np C Np &.M T(Past) Vt Np Av;
81Np (S)&MT(Past)Vt81PPDN81Np (DO)81CDN (DO)81R
(del) Np Vt T(Past). NP 1 & R-cl l & PP 1 & VP 1 & S-cl 1

(PN) & S-cl 2 & PP 2 & S-cl 2 (cont.) &flNP 2 & VP 2 & PP 3 &

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(500)

(501)

213
(cont.) NP 3 &,NP 4 & R-cl 2. This is compound-complex and
used for narration.
Np (S) & be T(Pres) & Aj (PN) & RJNp M T(Pres) have Vt-en Np &
PDN81PDQAjN818NpVi T(Pres) tth&SNthT(Past)
NpQQAv81SNth T(Past)Np. NP181VP 181NP281R-cl 181
PP l & PP 2 & S-cl l & S—cl 2 & S-cl 3. This is complex and
used for reflection.

Np (S)&VtT(Past)81DN (DO), &PDAjN, &PDN81PDAj

Z

&.D'N (S) & be T(Past) & P D'N & P R.Np Vt T(Past) to Vi.
NP181VP181NP281PP181PP281PP381NP3&VP281PP481
R-cl 1. This is compound-complex and used for reflection.

Np (S)&beT(Past)81Aj (PN)81PN,81CPNp81PDAjN;81C
AvMT(Past)81Np (S)&have Vt-en81DAjN (DO)81PDN &PD
N? NP1&VP181NP2&PP181PP281PP3&VP281NP381
VP 2 (cont.) &.NP 4 & PP 4 & PP 5. This is compound and used
for reflection.

DN(S)81CDN (S)&be T(Past) 81Np (PN), &CNp(PN)81be
(del) T(Past) (del) &,D N (S) & C D N (S). NP 1 & NP 2 &.VP 1
81NP 3 &.NP 4 & VP 2 &.NP 5 &,NP 6. This is compound and used
for exposition.

P N, & S Vt T(Pres) N N, &flNp (S) &.be T(Past) Vi-en & P D N,
&CbeT(Past)not&DN (S)&PDN81DDN (PN)81PNp's
Vi-ing & P Np &.P N? PP 1 & S-cl l &.NP 1 & VP 1 & PP 2 &

‘NP 2 & PP 3 &.NP 3 & PP 4 & PP 5 & PP 6. This is compound-
complex and used for narration.

Be T(Past)'not &;Np (S) & Av &,P N &.S Np be T(Past) to be

Vi-en, & C be T(Past)’not & D Aj N (S) & Vi-ing to Vt Np to Vt

(501)

(502)

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(505)

(505)

214
(cont.) Np? VP 1 &‘NP 1 & VP 1 (cont.) & PP 1 & S-cl 1 (PN) &
VP 2 &HNP 2 & VP 2 (cont.) This is compound-complex and used
for narration.
DAjN(S),81AV81PDN81PN,&beT(Past)&PDAjAjN,81
C,PDAjN,81PDN &PNCN,81beT(Past)81DQAjN(PN)81
PDAjN'sN. NP181VP181PP1&PP2&VP181PP381PP4
& PP 5 & PP 6 & VP 1 (cont.) &.NP 2 & PP 7. This is simple
and used for exposition.
Np (S) & M T(Pres)'not Vt & S (del) D AjZN have T(Past) Vt-en
to Vi & P N's Vi-ing to Vi, & C Expl & be T(Pres) not & Aj
(PN) &,S Np have T(Past) Vi-en & P D N & P D Aj N. NP 1 &
VP181S-c11(DO)81PP181EX181VP281NP2818-C12(S)81
PP 2 & PP 3. This is compound—complex and used for reflection.
D N (S) & have T(Past) be-en Vi-en Av & P Np, & S(del) N N Vi
T(Past), &.C Np (S) & be T(Past) Vi-ing & P Np, &.D Aj N (S) &
Av81PNp. NP181VP181PP181S-C1181NP281VP281PP2&
NP 3 & VP 2 (cont.) & PP 3. This is compound-complex and used
for narration.
S Np be T(Past) Aj Q &‘Np (S) & be T(Past) to Vtg Np Np Av Aj,
&.C Np (S) & be T(Past) & P D Aj'N & S (del) D N have T(Past)
Vt—enDN. S-C1181NP181VP181NP281VP281PP1818-c1 2.
This is compound—complex and used for narration.
Np (S)&beT(Past)&QAj (PN)&PN,81P2N81PN,81CNp
(S) & be T(Past) & Q Aj (PN) & P Np, & C Vt T(Past) 81Np (DO)
&QAv; 81Np(S)81beT(Past)81DAj (PN)81PNN'sN, &Np
(S) &,Vt T(Past) &.Np (D0) & R (del) Np Vi T(Past). NP 1 &

VP181NP281PP181PP281PP381NP381VP281NP481PP481

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215
(cont.) VP 2 (cont.) &NP 5 81 VP 2 (cont.) &NP 6 81 VP 3 81
NP 7 &.PP 5 &.NP 8 & VP 4 &.NP 9 & R-cl 1. This is compound-
complex and used for exposition.
C Av &‘Np (S) & Vi T(Past) & P D N. VP 1 &zNP 1 & VP 1 (cont.)
& PP 1. This is simple and used for exposition.
N N (S) 81 Vt T(Past) 81 Np (DO) 81 S Np have T(Past) Av C Av
Vtg-ean, NN DN, 8P Vi-ing81PNp. NP 1 &VP 1 &NP 2 8
S-cl 1 8 PP 1 & PP 2. This is complex and used for narration.
Np (S) & Vi T(Past) &.P Np & P (del) D N. NP 1 & VP 1 & PP 1
& PP 2. This is simple and used for narration.
"Np (DO) & have T(Pres) &LNP (S) & Vt-en & P Np?" &.Np (S) &
AvVi T(Past). NP 1 &VP 1 &NP 2 &VP 1 (cont.)81PP l 81

NP 3 & VP 2. This is compound and used for dialogue.

P D‘N &.Av & Np (S) & Vt T(Past) &,D N (DO), & C P D N & P D N
81Np (S) 81 Vi T(Past) C Vi T(Past). PP 1 81 VP 1 &NP 1 81 VP 1
(cont.) &.NP 2 & PP 2 & PP 3 &:NP 3 & VP 2. This is compound
and used for narration.

"Excl, & Np (S) (del) & Vt (del) T(Pres) (del) &.D N (DO) & P
N'." Ex 1 &NP 1 81 VP 1 &NP 2 81 PP 1. This is simple and used
for dialogue.

Np (S) 81 Vt T(Past) 81 S Np be T(Past) D Aj N C Av D Aj N, 81 C
Np (S) & Av Vt T(Past) & D Aj N (DO) & P D N & P D N. NP 1 &
VP 181S-cl 1(DO)81NP281VP281NP381PP181PP 2. This
is compound-complex and used for reflection.

c SNp M T(Past) Vt N N's N &Np (8) 81M T(Past) 8 P N 8 Vt 8
81 D N (DO), 81 C P (de1)D N Av 81Np (S) 81 Vt T(Past) &Np (DO),

&PN,81t0VtDN81PN. S-c1181NP181VP181PP181

(514)

(515)

(516)

(517)

(518)

(519)

216
(cont.) VP 1 (cont.) &LNP 2 & PP 2 & NP 3 & VP 2 & NP 4 & PP 3
& NP 4 (cont.) & PP 4. This is compound-complex and used for
narration.
P (del) D N &.Np (S) & M T(Past) Av have Vt-en &,D N (DO) & P
R.Np have T(Past) Vt-en Av to be & P D N. PP 1 & NP 1 & VP 1
& NP 2 & R-cl l & PP 2. This is complex and used for
reflection.
Np (S) & Vt T(Past) & P D Aj N & D N (DO) & P D Aj N & P N, &
P (del) D Aj N & R, & S (del) Np Vi T(Pres), &.Np Vt T(Past) &
P N & C R.DIN & P R.Np D M T(Past) Vi Av & be T(Past) Vi-en to
Vt Np Vt &.P N. NP 1 & VP 1 &.PP l & NP 2 & PP 2 & PP 3 &
PP 4 & R-cl 1 & S—Cl 1 & R-cl 1 (cont.) & PP 5 & R-Cl 2 &
R-cl 3 & R-cl 2 (cont.) & PP 6. This is complex and used for
narration and reflection.
Expl & Vi T(Pres) & P D N & R (del) Np Vt T(Pres) Np & P D N &
S Np Av Vt T(PreS) Np to Vt & P D N & DINp &.P D'N & P R D Aj
N be T(Pres) Av Vi-en. Ex 1 & VP 1 & PP l & R-cl l & PP 2 &
S-cl l (S) &.PP 3 & S-cl 1 (cont.) & PP 4 & R-cl 2. This is
complex and used for reflection.
"Np (S) & Vt T(Pres) & S (del) Np Vi T(Past) to Vt D N & P
R’be T(Pres) Vi-ing Av Av," &flNp (S) & Vi T(Past), "& C Av &
Np (S) &.M T(Pres)'not Vt &JNp (D0)." NP 1 & VP 1 & S-cl 1
(DO) & R-cl 1 &LNP 2 & VP 2 & VP 3 &.NP 3 & VP 3 (cont.) &
NP 4. This is compound-complex and used for dialogue.
"N (S) & P DIN & Vt T(Pres) &.Np (DO) &.C N (S) & Vi T(Pres)."
NP 1 & PP l & VP 1 &.NP 2 &.NP 3 & VP 2. This is compound and

used for dialogue.

217

(520) "Np (S) & Av Vte T(Pres) & D Aj N (DO) Aj (0C) & P D Aj N & P
N N's Aj N." NP 1 & VP 1 &,NP 2 & PP 1 & PP 2. This is
simple and used for dialogue.

(521) "D N (S) 8 be T(Pres) 8 Aj (PN) 8 P Np 8 R Vt T(Pres) Np, 8 s
Np Vi T(Pres), & Av, & C P R D N &.P Vt-ing N & have T(Pres)
Aj N." NP 1 & VP 1 & NP 2 & PP 1 & R-cl l & S—cl l & R-cl 1
(cont.) & R-cl 2 & PP 2 & R-cl 2 (cont.). This is complex and
used for dialogue.

(522) "Np (S) & Vi T(Pres) &.P D N & D; & Av be T(Pres) & Expl & Av
&SNthg T(Pres)DAjNDAjN?" NP 1 &VP 1 &PP 1 &NP 1
(cont.) & VP 2 & Ex 1 & VP 2 (cont.) & Sucl l (S). This is
compound-complex and used for dialogue.

(523) ”Np (8) (del) & be (del) T(Pres) (del) & D (del) N (PN) &.P D
Aj N--& Np (S) (del) & be (del) T(Pres) (del) N (PN) & P D Aj
N1" NP 1 &.VP 1 &.NP 2 & PP 1 & NP 3 & VP 2 & NP 4 & PP 2.
This is compound and used for dialogue.

(524) "N N (S) 81 Vt T(Pres) 81 S (del) Np M T(Pres) Vt D N, 81 C S D N
& PIN &.have T(Pres) & P N & Vt-en Av D N &.Np (S) & have
T(Pres) Vtg—en 81Np (IO) 81 D N (00) 81 P D Aj N." NP 1 81 VP 1
& S-cl 1 (DO) & S-cl 2 & PP l & S-cl 2 (cont.) & PP 2 & S-cl 2
(cont.) &NP 2 81 VP 2 &NP 3 &NP 4 81 PP 3. This is compound-
complex and used for dialogue.

(525) ”Np (S) 8 be T(Pres) Vl—en 81 Aj (PN) 8 P D N 81 P D Aj N--81 Np
(S) & Vt T(Pres) & to Vt'N (DO) & S S S Np M T(Pres) Vt Np Av."
NP 1 & VP 1 &LNP 2 &.PP 1 & PP 2 & NP 3 & VP 2 &‘NP 4 & S-cl 1.

This is compound-complex and used for dialogue.

218

(526) "To be Aj (S) & P Np & be T(Pres) &.D N (PN) & P DIN; &.Np (S)
81Vtg T(Pres) 81Np (IO) 81DN (DO)81RNp MT(Past)'not Av Vi
P, 8CNp (S)8Vt T(Pres)81tth Np (DO)81PAjN818Np Vt
T(Pres) & S Vt-ing Q Aj N M T(Pres) Vt Np & P P D Aj N." NP 1
&PP181VP181NP281PP281NP381VP281NP481NP581
R-cl 1 & NP 6 & VP 3 & NP 7 & PP 3 & S-cl 1 & S-cl 2 & PP 4.
This is compound-complex and used for dialogue.

(527) "D D Aj N (S) Av & be T(Pres) & D Aj N (PN) & C have be-en Av
Vi-en & P Np." NP 1 & VP 1 &zNP 2 & VP 1 (cont.) & PP 1.
This is simple and used for dialogue.

(528) "Expl & be T(Pres) Vi-en to be & D N (S) & P D Aj N &.P D N,
8CPDN 81Np(S)81ViT(Pres)81PN,81PN, &Vi-ingAv81
P D Aj N." Ex 1 & VP 1 & NP 1 & PP 1 & PP 2 & PP 3 & NP 2 &
VP 2 & PP 4 & PP 5 & PP 4 (cont.) & PP 6. This is compound
and used for dialogue.

(529) "Np (S) & AV'Vt T(Pres) &.D N (DO), & C S Np Av Vi T(Pres) Av
& D Aj N (S) & have T(Pres) be—en Vi-en & P D N & P N." NP 1
& VP 1 & NP 2 & S-cl l &LNP 3 & VP 2 & PP 1 & PP 2. This is
compound-complex and used for dialogue.

(530) "Expl & be T(Pres) & D Aj N (S) & C D Aj N (S), & C D Aj N (S)
& Vi T(Pres) Av &.P D N, & S S Np have T(Past) be-en Vi-en & P
Aj N." Ex 1 & VP 1 &.NP 1 &flNP 2 &.NP 3 & VP 2 & PP 1 & S-cl 1
& PP 2. This is compound—complex and used for dialogue.

(531) "Np (S) D & Av Vt T(Pres) &sz (DO) & C Vt T(Pres) &.Np (DO),
& P D?N &.P Aj N, & P D N & P N." NP 1 & VP 1 &INP 2 & VP 1
(cont.) &‘NP 3 & PP l & PP 2 & PP 3 & PP 4. This is simple

and used for dialogue.

(532)

(533)

(534)

(535)

(536)

(537)

(538)

219
"Np (S) &be T(Pres) Vt-ing81Np (DO) &PNp 81P (de1)DN, 81
C Np (S) & be T(Pres) Vtg-ing &.Np (IO) & S Np Vt T(Past) Np
Av." NP1&VP181NP281PP1&PP281NP381VP281NP481
S-cl 1 (DO). This is compound-complex and used for dialogue.
"Np (S) & be T(Pres) & Aj (PN) & R Np'be T(Pres) Q Aj & P D Aj
N.” NP 1 &.VP 1 &.NP 2 & R—cl l & PP 1. This is complex and
used for dialogue.
"Np (S) & have T(Pres) & D Aj N (DO) & Av & R D Aj N be T(Pres)
Aj--have T(Pres) be-en Vi-en & P D N &.P D Aj N; & C C Np (S)
& have T(Pres) & D N (DO) & RINp D have T(Pres) Vi—en." NP 1
81VP181NP281VP1(Cont.)81R—c1 181PP181PP281NP3&
VP 2 &.NP 4 & R-cl 2 & PP 3. This is compound-complex and
used for dialogue.
"Np(S)81Vt T(Pres) Av&SDAjN Vt T(Pres)DAj N 81P DN?"
NP 1 & VP 1 & S-cl 1 (D0) & PP 1. This is complex and used
for dialogue.
"AvMT(Past)81Np(S)81Vt81DN (DO)81PDAjN81tth813
NthT(Pres)toViAv81PN N’sAjN &PDN &PN?" VP181
NP 1&VP1 (cont.)81NP 281PP 181NP 2(cont.)81S-c1 181
PP 2 & PP 3 & PP 4. This is complex and used for dialogue.
"Np (S) & Vt T(Pres) &sz (DO) &.Av & P D Aj N &,P N." NP 1 &
VP 1 &.NP 2 & VP 1 (cont.) & PP l & PP 2. This is simple and
used for dialogue.
"DN (S)&beT(Pres)81DAjN(PN)81PDN81PDN &CDN81
PN&PDN_&1:N_." NP181VP181NP281PP181PP281PP1
(cont.) & PP 3 & PP 4 & PP 5. This is simple and used for

dialogue.

(539)

(540)

(541)

(542)

(543)

220
"Np (S) 81 Vt T(Pres) 81 to Vt Np Av Aj (DO) 81 P D Q DN, 81 C be
T(Pres) Vi-en C Vi-en Av 8 P N C N, &,P DIN 8,R Vi T(Pres) Av
8 P N 81 P N 81 C P (de1)D Aj N 81 R(de1)be(de1)T(Pres) (del)
Vi-enAv81PDN." NP181VP 181NP 281PP 181VP 1(cont.)81
8 PP 2 8 PP 3 & R-Cl 1 8 PP 4 8 PP 5 8 PP 6 8 R-cl 2 8 PP 7.
This is complex and used for dialogue.
“Np (S) &QM T(Pres)'not have 8 D Aj n (DO) 8 Q Av 8 S, 8 S D N
Vi T(Pres), 81Np M T(Pres) have D Aj N, 81 C DN (S) 81 P DN 81
be T(Pres) 8 Aj c Aj C Aj (PN)--8 Vi-en, 8 P D N, 8 P N, 8 to
Vi C to (del) be Vi-en." NP 1 8 VP 1 81NP 2 8 VP 1 (cont.) 8
S-cl l 8 S-cl 2 & S~c1 1 (cont.) &HNP 3 8 PP 1 8 VP 2 &INP 4 8
VP 2 (cont.) 8 PP 2 8 PP 3 8 VP 2 (cont.). This is compound-
complex and used for dialogue.
"Np (S) &Vi T(Pres) 81 S S Np Vi T(Past) to Vtg Np D N 81 P D
N 8 P Np." NP 1 8 VP 1 8 S-cl 1 8 PP 1 8 PP 2. This is
complex and used for dialogue.
“Np (S) 8 have T(Pres) be-en Vt-en &:Np (DO) 8 P D'N 8 C have
T(Pres) Av Vt-en &Np (DO), 8 C D N (S) 8 P D N 8 Vi T(Pres)
Av 81 P D Aj N--81 Np (S) 81Vt T(Pres) 81 D Aj N (DO)--81 P D Aj N
&PDN." NP181VP 181NP281PP 181VP 1 (cont.)81NP38z
NP 4 & PP 2 8 VP 2 8 PP 3 & NP 5 8 VP 3 &INP 6 8 PP 4 8 PP 5.
This is a compound sentence used for dialogue.
'N N (S) 8 Vi T(Pres) 8.P DIN 8 C Vt T(Pres) 8 S (del) Expl be
T(PreS)NpQAj&PtthNNVthAv." NP 181VP181PP 1 8
VP 1 (cont.) 8 S-cl 1 (DO) 8 PP 2. This is complex and used

for dialogue.

(544)

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(546)

(547)

(548)

(549)

221
"Np (S) 8 be T(Pres) Av Vi-en 8 P D N, &.C Np (s) 8 Vtg T(Pres)
8 Np (IO) 8 S (del) Np have T(Pres) D Av Aj N." NP 1 8 VP 1 8
PP 1 &NP 2 8 VP 2 &NP 3 8 S-cl 1 (D0)." This is compound-
complex and used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 8 be T(Pres) Vt-ing--81 P D N 8 P D N--8 to Vi Av Av
(DO) 8 P Np, 8 c N N (S) 8 Vt T(Pres) &Np (DO) 8 Av c Av 8 P
DN." NP181VP181PP181PP281NP281PP381NP381VP281
NP 4 8 VP 2 (cont.) 8 PP 4. This is compound and used for
dialogue.
"Np (S) 8 P D N 81 R (del) Np have T(Pres) Av Vt—en Np Vi P 8
Vt T(Pres) 81Np (DO) 8 Q QAv." NP 1 &PP 1 8 R-cl 1 &VP 1 8
NP 2 8 VP 1 (cont.). This is Complex and used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 81 V1 T(Pres) 81 Q Aj (PN), 8 C have T(Pres) 8 P N 81
Vt-en 81 P Np 8 S D N Vte T(Pres) Np Aj--81 have T(Pres) Av
Vtg-en 8 Np (IO) 8 S Np M T(Pres) Vi Av Av Av 8 P Vi-ing 81 P
DAjN &PN." NP 1 &VP 1 81NP 281VP 1 (cont.)81PP 281
S-cl 1 (D0) 8 VP 1 (cont.) 81 NP 3 81 S-cl 2 (DO) 81 PP 3 81 PP 4
81 PP 5. This is complex and used for dialogue.
"P (de1)D N 81 Np (S) 81 have T(Past) & D N (DO) & P Np 81 P
Vi-ing Av, 8 P (del) Vt-ing D N Av; 81 Q Aj (PN) 8 be T(Pres) 81
Np (S) 81 R Np M T(Pres) be Aj Q Av 81 S Np be T(Pres) Vi Av 81 P
DN." PP 1 &NP 1 &VP 181NP 281PP 281PP 381PP481NP 381
VP 2 &NP 4 81 R-cl 1 81 S-cl l 81 PP 5. This is compound-
complex and used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 8 Vtg T(Past) 8 Np (IO) 8 S Np be T(Pres) 8 R Np M
T(Past) Vt to Vi; 8 Vt-ing Np, Av, 81 S D Aj N 8 P D N 81 have

T(Pres) be-en Av 8 S Np M T(Pres)'not Vt 81 R Np Vi T(Pres)."

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222
(cont.) NP 1 8 VP 1 &.NP 2 8 S—cl 1 (DO) 8 R-cl 1 &.NP 1
(cont.) 8 S~c1 2 8 PP l 8 S-cl 2 (cont.) 8 S-cl 3 8 R-cl 2.
This is complex and used for dialogue.
"N N (S) 8 M T(Past) Av Vt 8 Np (DO) 8 S Np M T(Past) Vt Np 8
S D N have T(Pres) Vt-en D Aj N." NP 1 8 VP 1 &NP 2 8 S-cl 1
8 S-cl 2. This is complex and used for dialogue.
"S Np Vt T(Pres) 8 S D Aj N &.P DIN 8,M T(Past) be D Aj N 8 P
DN 8PNp &Np (S) 8Vt T(Pres) &Np (DO) tth 88 8SDN
Vi T(Pres) 8 P D N 8 DiN Vi T(Pres) Av Av." S-cl 1 8 S-cl 2
8 PP 1 8 S~C1 2 (cont.) 8 PP 2 8 PP 3 8 NP 1 8 VP 1 8XNP 2 8
S-cl 3 8 S-cl 4 8 PP 4 8 S-cl 3 (cont.). This is complex and
used for dialogue.
"Np (S) &.Vt T(Pres) &.D N (DO) 8.P be-ing Av Aj 8;P Np, 8 C
S Np Vt T(Pres) 8 R N Np M T(Pres) Vt Np 8 R Np have T(Pres)
'not Av Vi-en 8 Np (S) 8 Av Vi T(Pres): '8 Np (S) 8 be T(Pres)
8 Aj (PN), &Np (S) 8 'be T(Pres) 8 Aj (PN)'.'" NP 1 8 VP 1 8
NP 2 8 PP 1 8 PP 2 8 S-cl 1 8 R-cl 1 8 R-cl 2 8ENP 3 8 VP 2 8
NP 48VP 38NP 58NP 68VP 4&NP 7. This is compound—
complex and used for dialogue.
"'Np (S) (del) 8 M T(Pres)'not Vi Q Av,‘ 8.Np (S) 8 Vi T(Past)
Aj N; '8 Np (S) (de1)8 Av Vt T(Pres) 8 S Np Vt T(Pres) D N 8
PN."' NP 18V? 1 8NP 28VP 28NP 38VP 38S-c1 1(DO)
8 PP 1. This is compound-complex and used for dialogue.
"’Np (S) 8 'be T(Pres) 8 Aj (PN), 8.8 Np'be T(Pres) Q Ajl'"
NP 1 8‘VP 1 8‘NP 2 8 S—cl 1. This is complex and used for

dialogue.

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223
"'PDN, &Np (S)8MT(Past)CAth8DN (DO)8PAjN 8
CVtg8Np (10) 8SNpMT(Pres) v1 8PDN."' PP 1 &NP 1 8
VP 1 8flNP 2 &.PP 2 8 VP 1 (cont.) 8XNP 3 8 S-cl 1 (DO) 8 PP 3.
This is complex and used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 8V1 T(Pres) 8Av Aj (PN), &CNp (S) 8 have T(Pres) 8
DN (1)0), &CNp (S) 8Vi T(Pres) 8P DN, 8RVt T(Pres)Np
(&Np (S) 8MT(Past) Vt 8Np (DO) )8PDN 8PNp8CVt
T(Pres)Nth,Av8PNp, 8DN, DN, DN." NP 1 &VP 1 8
NP28NP38VP28NP48NP58VP 38PP 18R-c1 I8NP 6
8 VP 4 &.NP 7 8 PP 2 8 PP 3 8 R-cl 1 (cont.) 8 PP 4 8 R-cl 1
(cont.). This is compound-complex and used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 8 'be T(Pres) Q.Av 8.P Np 8.S Np Vt T(Pres) D‘N Vi."
NP 1 8 VP 1 8 PP 1 8 S-cl 1. This is complex and used for
dialogue.
"D D'N (PN) 8 Expl (del) 8 be (del) T(Pres) (del) 8 S (del) Np
have T(Pres) D DZN 8 P Np!” NP 1 8 Ex 1 8 VP 1 8 S-cl l (S) 8
PP 1. This is complex and used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 8 'be T(Pres) 8 Q Av Aj (PN)." NP 1 &.VP 1 8 NP 2.
This is simple and used for dialogue.
"Av, 8 D Aj N (S) 8 be T(Pres) Av to Vi Av, &.C Np (S) 8 have
T(Pres) be-en Vi-en 8 P (del) D‘N, 8 to Vt N N to Vi." VP 1 8
NP 1 8 VP 1 (cont.) &LNP 2 8 VP 2 8 PP 1 8 VP 2 (cont.). This
is compound and used for dialogue.
"Expl 8 Vi T(Pres) 8 S D Aj N be T(Pres) Vi-ing 8 P D N 8,0 D
N Av, 8 R Vt T(Pres) &.P N 8.8 N N have T(Pres) Av Vt-en Np."
Ex 1 &.VP 1 8 S-cl 1 (S) 8 PP 1 8 S-cl 1 (cont.) 8 R-cl 1 8

PP 2 8 S—cl 2. This is complex and used for dialogue.

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224
”Np (S) 8 'be T(Pres) to Vi Av 8 P D N C Np--8 N N (S) 8 Vt
T(Pres) 8Np (DO) to VtNN." NP 1 &VP 1 &PP l &NP 2 8
VP 2 8JNP 3. This is compound and used for dialogue.
"N (S) 8 'be T(Pres) 8 Aj C Aj (PN), 8 CNp (S) 8P DN, 8 P D
N 8 P D N, 8 have T(Pres) Vi-en 8 P P N 8 P N." NP 1 8 VP 1 8
NP 2 8,NP 3 8 PP 1 8 PP 2 8 PP 3 8 VP 2 8 PP 4 8 PP 5. This
is compound and used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 8Vt T(Past) 8Aj N (1)0) Vt Np, 8 P N, 8P D Aj Aj N 8
PDN 8PRDNCDN be T(Past)AvVi-en." NP 1 &VP I8NP 2
8 PP 1 8 PP 2 8 PP 3 8 R-cl 1. This is complex and used for
dialogue.
"S D Aj N be T(Pres)'not Aj 8 P D Aj Aj N 8 Av &Np (S) 8 'M
T(Pres) Vi." S-cl 1 8 PP 1 8 VP 1 82NP 1 &.VP 1 (cont.).
This is complex and used for dialogue.
"N (S), 8 S (del) Np Vi T(Pres), 8 be T(Pres) 8 Q Aj C Aj (PN)
8 D N C N (PN), 8 C Np (S) 8 Vte T(Pres) &Np (DO) Aj (0C) 8 P
PDN." NP18S-c1 l8VPl8NP28NP38NP48VP28
NP 5 8 PP 1. This is compound-complex and used for dialogue.
"Np (8)8 M T(Pres)'not Vtg &Np (IO) 8 S QAv C Av EN 8 P Np,
8PDN8PDNp,8Vi T(Pres)Av8PN." NP 18VP I8NP 2
8 S-cl 1 (DO) 8,PP 1 8 PP 2 8 PP 3 8 S-cl 1 (cont.) 8 PP 4.
This is complex and used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 8Av Av Vi T(Pres) 8 P DN 8 P Np; 8 C Np (S) (del)

8 Vt T(Pres) 8 R D N Np Vte T(Pres) Np to Vi 8 P Np'." NP 1 8

‘VP 1 8 PP 1 &.PP 2 8.NP 2 8 VP 2 8 R-cl 1 (DO) 8 PP 3. This

is compound-complex and used for dialogue.

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225
'Np (S) 8 Vt T(Pres) 8 Np (DO)--8 Np (S) 8. Vte T(Pres) 8 Np
(D0) Aj (0C); 8 Expl 8 be T(Pres) 8 D N (8)8 P D N." NP 1 8
VPI8NP28NP38VP28NP48Ex18VP38NP58PP 1.
This is compound and used for dialogue.
"N N (S) 8Vi T(Pres) 8 P D N, 8D N (S) 8 Vi T(Pres) 8 P D N,
8 DIN (S) 8‘Vi T(Pres) &LP N Vt T(Pres) R, 8 C D N (S) 8 be
T(Pres)AvVi-en." NP 1 &VP 1 &PP 1 &NP 28VP 28PP 28
NP 3 8 VP 3 8 R-cl 1 8 NP 4 8 VP 4. This is compound-complex
and used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 8 have T(Pres) 8 Np (DO) C D N (D0) to Vt Np, 8 C have
T(Pres) be-en Av8PDN 8 tthDN." NP 1 &VP 1 &NP 28
VP 1 (cont.) 8 PP l 8 VP 1 (cont.). This is simple and used
for dialogue.
”Vi-ing Av D N Av, Np (S) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 N N N (DO) Vi—ing 8 P
DN." NP 1 8 VP 1 &NP 2 8 PP 1. This is simple and used
for dialogue.
"S Np Vt T(Past) Np 8 R Np be T(Past) Vi-ing P 8 Np (S) 8 Vt
T(Past) 8 S (del) Np have T(Past) Vt-en Np 8 R N N have T(Past)
Vt-en Np." S~c1 l 8 R-cl l 8 NP 1 8 VP 1 8 S-cl 2 (DO) 8
R-cl 2. This is complex and used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 8Vt T(Past) 8P DN 8SDN &PN 8be T(Pres)DN, 8
CNp (S) 8 have T(Pres) 8 D N (D0) 8 R Np'be T(Pres) D Aj N 8
R (del) Np Vt T(Past) Np D N Av." NP 1 8 VP 1 8 PP 1 8 S-cl 1
(DO) 8 PP 2 8 S-cl 1 (cont.) 8JNP 2 8 VP 2 &.NP 3 8 R-cl 1 8
R-cl 2. This is compound-complex and used for dialogue.
"S Np Vt T(Past) D N 8 R Np M T(Past) have Vt-en Av Np Q Aj

(8 Np (S) 8 Vi T(Pres) to Vt 8 S (de1)Np'be T(Pres) D Aj N--8

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226
(cont.)PD QAjN 8PDN) 8NN (S) 8Vt T(Past) 8PNp8S
Np have T(Past) not Vt—en Np 8 P Np, 8 C P N N, 8 R have
T(Past) Vt-en to Vtg Np D N 8 P Np 8 P D N 8 P Np not be-ing
Aj to Vi C Vt Np Vi-en." S-cl l 8 R-cl 1 &NP 1 8 VP 1 8
S-cl 2 8 PP 1 8 PP 2 &.NP 2 &.VP 2 8 PP 3 8 S-cl 3 (DO) 8 PP 4
8 PP 5 8 R-cl 2 8 PP 6 8 PP 7 8 PP 8. This is compound-
complex and used for dialogue.
"'Be T(Pres) 8 Np (S) 8 D N (PN) 8 R (de1)Np'be T(Pres) to
Vi,‘ 8.Np (S) &.Vi T(Past), '8.S N N Vi T(Pres)?'" VP 1 8
NP 1 &.NP 2 8 R-cl 1 8 NP 3 8 VP 2 8 S-cl 1. This is compound-
complex and used for dialogue.
”'Np (S) 8 ’be T(Pres) not 8 P N N 8 S (de1)Np'be T(Past)
Vi-ing Av, 8 Np (S) 8 'be T(Pres) 8 P N N,‘ 8 N N (S) 8 Vi
T(Past)." NP 1 8 VP 1 8 PP 1 8 S-cl 1 &.NP 2 8 VP 2 8 PP 2
8 NP 3 8 VP 3. This is compound~complex and used for dialogue.
"'Np (S) 8 'be T(Pres) Vi-ing, 8 S (del) Np Vi T(Pres), 8 Av
Av.” NP 1 8 VP 1 8 S-cl l 8 VP 1 (cont.). This is complex
and used for dialogue.
"'Av 8 N N (S) 8 have T(Pres) Vi-en Av 8 P Np, 8 C be T(Pres)
Av Vi-ing 8 PNp."' VP 1 &NP 1 8 VP 1 (cont.) 8 PP l 8 VP 1
(cont.) 8 PP 2. This is simple and used for dialogue.
"'Np (S) 8 Vt T(Pres) 8 S (del) Np Av M T(Pres) Vt Np."' NP 1
8 VP 1 8 S-cl 1 (D0). This is complex and used for dialogue.
"'Np (S) 8 Vt T(Pres) 8 Np (DO) 8 D Aj N (del),' 8 Np (S) 8
Vi T(Past); '8 P D N 8 R (del) Np Vi T(Pres) P &Np (S) 8 V1
T(Pres)8Aj(PN)8PDN CDN.'" NPl8VPl8NP28

VP1(cont.)8NP38VP28PP18R-cll8NP48VP38

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227
(cont.) NP 5 8 PP 2. This is compound-complex and used for
dialogue.
"'D Aj N (S) 8 be T(Pres) 8.8 N N M T(Pres)'not Vt D D N Q Av
8 S Np M T(Past).'" NP 1 8 VP 1 8 S-cl 1 (PN) 8 S-cl 2. This
is complex and used for dialogue.
”'Excl, 8,Np (S) 8 have T(Pres) 8 D N (D0) to Vit'" Ex 1 8
NP 1 8 VP 1 8,NP 2. This is simple and used for dialogue.
'"N N (S) 8 Vtg T(Past) &CNp (10) &.D N (D0) to Viz'" NP 1
8 VP 1 8:NP 2 8,NP 3. This is simple and used for dialogue.
"'M T(Past) 8 Np (S) 8 Vi 8 S S Np be T(Past) D Aj N?” VP 1
8 NP 1 8 VP 1 (cont.) 8 S—cl 1. This is complex and used for
dialogue.
"N N (S) &.Vi T(Past)-~8.D N (S) 8 be T(Past) 8 Aj (PN) 8 P
Np." NP 1 &VP 1 &NP 2 &VP 2 &NP 3 &PP 1. This is
compound and used for dialogue.
"'Np (S) 8 M T(Past)'not have 8 N (DO), 8 C Np (S) 8 Vtg
T(Past) 8 Np (IO) 8 D N (DO) 8 Av; 8 S Av Np Vi T(Pres) Av 8
PN.'" NPl8VPl8NP28NP38VP28NP48NP58VP2
(cont.) 8 S-cl 1 8 PP 1. This is compound-complex and used
for dialogue.
”'C D'N (S) 8 have T(Pres) Av Vt-en &.D N (D0) to Vtin?'"
NP 1 8 VP 1 8.NP 2. This is simple and used for dialogue.
"'Np (S) 8 have T(Pres)'not Vt 8:Np (DO).'" NP 1 8 VP 1 8
NP 2. This is simple and used for dialogue.
"'Np (S) 8 Vt T(Pres) Av--8 Expl 8 be T(Past) 8 Q Aj (PN) 8 P
Np 8 to have Vi-en (S).'" NP 1 8 VP 1 8 Ex 1 8 VP 2 &.NP 2 8

PP l 8:NP 3. This is compound and used for dialogue.

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228
"'Np (S) 8 Vtg T(Past) 8,D N (10) 8 to Vt Np 8:P N N--8 C P N
8PDN."' NP 18VP I8NP 28NP3(DO)8PP 1 &PP 28
PP 3. This is simple and used for dialogue.
"'CN N (S) 8Vi T(Past) Av Av 8P N.'" NP 1 8 VP 1 8 PP 1.
This is simple and used for dialogue.
"'P N 8.Np (S) 8 Vt T(Past) 8:Np (DO) 8 P P D N-—8 C C D N (S)
8 Vi T(Past),' 8 Vi T(Past) 8N N (8)." PP l &NP 1 8 VP 1 8
NP 2 8 PP 2 &.NP 3 8 VP 2 8 VP 3 8:NP 4. This is compound and
used for dialogue.
"'Np (S) 8'Vt T(Pres) 8 8 (del) Np'be T(Pres) Q Aj.'" NP 1 8
VP 1 8 S-cl 1 (DO). This is complex and used for dialogue.
"DN (S)&PDN8beT(Pres)8PDAjN." NP 18PP18VP 1
8 PP 2. This is simple and used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 8 have T(Pres)'not 8N (D0) to 'Vt Av' D Aj N; &Np
(S) 8 'have T(Pres) Av 8 N (D0) to Vt Np 8 P D N." NP 1 8
VP 1 8:NP 2 &.NP 3 8 VP 2 8,NP 4 8 PP 1. This is compound
and used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 8‘Vt T(Past) 8 S D 'N,’ Vi-en 8 P D Aj N, 8 have
T(Past).Av‘Vt-en D‘N 8 P D Aj N; 8,0 DIN (S) 8'Vt T(Past) 8
tth (DO)8S, 8SDNMT(Past)'notViAvAv8PN8PDN
Aj &.P D N, 8 D'N M T(Past)'not have Np D to Vi 8 R M T(Past)
Vi Q Q Av." NP 1 8 VP 1 8 S-cl 1 (DO) 8 PP l 8 S-cl 1 (cont.)
8 PP 2 8.NP 2 8 VP 2 8 NP 3 8 S-cl 2 8 S-cl 3 8 PP 3 8 PP 4 8
PP 5 8 S-cl 2 (cont.) 8 R-cl 1. This is compound-complex and
used for dialogue.
"DIN (S) 8 be T(Pres) 8.Q Aj (PN)!“ NP 1 8 VP 1 8 NP 2. This

is simple and used for dialogue.

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229
"Np (S) 8Vt T(Past) &PN N 8Av 8 SNp 8P DN 8MT(Pres)
AvVi QAv8PDN 8RVi T(Pres)Av; 8GP Np &Np (S) 8V1
T(Past) 8 D Q Aj C Aj (PN)." NP 1 8 VP 1 8 PP l 8 VP I(cont.)
8 S-cl 1 (DO) 8 PP 1 8 S-cl 1 (cont.) 8 PP 2 8 R-cl l 8 PP 3 8
NP 2 8 VP 2 8 NP 3. This is compound-complex and used for
dialogue.
"C Np (S) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 S 8 S D N have T(Past) Vi-en Av 8 D
AjNMT(Past) haveDNp8PDN &PN 8 toVi." NP 1 &VP 1
8 S-cl 1 (DO) 8 S-cl 2 8 S—cl 1 (cont.) 8 PP 1 8 PP 2 8 S-cl 1
(cont.). This is complex and used for dialogue.
"D N (S) 8 P N 8 be T(Past) 8 Q Aj (PN)--8 Np (S) 8 M T(Past)
Vt &Np (DO) 8P (de1)DN." NP 1 &PP 1 &VP 1 &NP 2 &NP 3
8 VP 2 8 NP 4 8 PP 2. This is compound and used for dialogue.
"'Np (S) (del) 8 M (del) T(Past) (del) Vt (del) 8 D N (D0)?"
NP 1 8 VP 1 8 NP 2. This is simple and used for dialogue.
"'Ech, 8 D N (S) 8 M T(Pres) Vi Av'.‘ 8 Vi T(Past) 8 N N (3)."
Ex 1 &NP 1 8 VP 1 8 VP 2 &NP 2. This is compound and used
for dialogue.
"'Np (S) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 S (del) Np be T(Past) N N's Aj N.'"
NP 1 8 VP 1 8 S-cl 1 (D0). This is complex and used for
dialogue.
"'Np (S) 8 Vt T(Pres) 8 S (del) Np be T(Pres)-~8 Np (S) 8 'be
T(Pres) 8 Q Av Aj (PN).m NP 1 8 VP 1 8 S-cl 1 (DO) &NP 2 8
VP 2 8 NP 3. This is compound-complex and used for dialogue.
"'C Np (PN) 8 ’be T(Pres) 8 D N (S) 8 P be-ing D N--"' NP 1 8

VP 1 8 NP 1 8 PP 1. This is simple and used for dialogue.

230

(607) "'C Np (S) 8 M T(Pres)'not Vt 8 D N (D0)?” 8 Np (S) 8 Vi
T(Past), 8 S N N be T(Past) Aj." NP 1 8 VP 1 &NP 2 &NP 2
8 NP 3 8 VP 2 8 S-cl 1. This is compound-complex and used
for dialogue.

(608) "Np (8)8 Vt T(Past), 8 P D N, 8 S Np M T(Past) Vt D N; 8 C Np
(8)8 be T(Pres) Vt-ing 8 S 8 S Np Vi T(Pres) 8 P P N 8 Np M
T(Pres) Vt 8 S (del) D N have T(Pres) be-en Vi-en." NP 1 8
VP 1 &PP 1 8S-c1 1(D0)8NP 2 &VP 28S-c1 2 (DO) 8S-c1 3
8 PP 2 8 S-cl 2 (cont.) 8 S-cl 4. This is compound-complex
and used for dialogue.

(609) "Np (S) 8 have T(Pres) not be-en Vi-en," 8 Np (S) 8 Vi T(Past)
Av 8 P (del) D Aj N, "8 C Np (S) 8 be T(Pres) Av 8 Q Aj (PN) 8
PDN." NP18VP18NP28VP28PP18NP38VP38VP3
&NP 4 8 PP 2. This is compound and used for dialogue.

(610) "Np (S) 8 Vi T(Past) 8 P P N 8 P D N 8 C, be-ing Vt-en to have
DN 8PDN, 8Vi T(Past)AvAv8PN." NP 1 &VP 1 &PP 1 8
PP 2 &NP 1 (cont.) 8PP 3 &VP 1 (cont.) 8PP 4. This is
simple and used for dialogue.

(611) "Np (S) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 to Vt Np (D0) 8 P N, 8 C Av Vt T(Past)
8 S (del) Np have T(Past) Vt-en Np 8 P D N 8 P Np; 8 C S Np
have T(Past) Vi-en to Vi 8 N N (S) 8 Vi T(Past) Av to Vt Np,
8P DAjN 8R 8 SNp Vi T(Past) 8Np Vte T(Past) Np &PN 8
C Aj C Aj, C Aj 8 P D Aj N 8 R (del) Np have T(Past) Vt-en Np
8PDN-N." NP 1 &VP 1 &NP 28PP 1 &VP 1 (cont.)8S-c1 l
(DO)8PP 28PP 38S-c1 28NP 38VP 28PP 48R-c1 18
S-cl 3 8 R-cl 1 (cont.) 8 PP 5 8 R-cl 1 (cont.) 8 PP 6 8 R-cl 2

8 PP 7. This is compound-complex and used for dialogue.

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231
"Np (8)8 Vi T(Past) 8 P P N, 8 C N N N (S) 8 be T(Past) 8 Q
Aj (PN)&PNp." NP18VP18PP l8NP28VP28NP38
PP 2. This is compound and used for dialogue.
"Av &Np (S) 8 'be T(Pres) 8 P Aj N, 8 C D N (S) 8 P Dbl-~8 Np
(S) 8'Vi T(Pres) 8;P N N C N N-—8 M T(Pres)'not 8 P N 8,Vt 8
Np (D0)." VP 1 8fiNP l 8 VP 1 (cont.) 8 PP 1 8QNP 2 8 PP 2 8
NP 3 8 VP 2 8 PP 3 8 VP 3 8 PP 4 8 VP 3 (cont.) 8:NP 4. This
is compound and used for dialogue.
”Np (S) 8 Vt T(Pres) &.N N (DO) 8 Av, 8 C Np (S) 8 have T(Pres)
Vi-en 8 to Np's Vi-ing 8 P N, 8 S S‘Np M T(Pres) be Q Aj Av 8
PDAjN." NP 18VP18NP28VP1(cont.)8NP38VP28
PP 1 8 PP 2 8 S-cl 1 8 PP 3. This is compound—complex and
used for dialogue.
"N N (S) 8 be T(Pres) Av 8 P D N, 8 c D N (S), &.P N, 8,Av Vi
T(Past) Av." NP 1 &.VP 1 8 PP l 8INP 2 &.PP 2 8 VP 2. This
is compound and used for dialogue.
“Np (S) 8 have T(Pres)'not Av Vt-en 8 D N (D0) 8 P 'N,' 8 C P
N &Np (S) 8 'have T(Pres) Vt-en 8 D N (D0) 8 P Np 8 P D N."
NP 1 8 VP 1 8,NP 2 8 PP l 8 PP 2 8:NP 3 8 VP 2 &.NP 4 8 PP 3
8 PP 4. This is compound and used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 8Vt T(Past) 8 to Vt Np to Vt (D0) 8 S D N M T(Pres)
Vi Av Av-«8 Np (S) 8 Vi T(Pres) Av C Q Av; 8 C Np (S) 8 Av Vt
T(Pres)8toVi (DO)8PDN." NPl8VPl8NP28S-cll8
NP 3 8 VP 2 &.NP 4 8 VP 3 &.NP 5 8 PP 1. This is compound-
complex and used for dialogue.
"Aj N C'N C D Aj N (S) 8,P D Aj N 8 be T(Pres) &.D N (PN) 8 R

(del) Np Av Vi T(Pres) P." NP 1 8 PP l 8 VP 1 8 NP 2 8 R-cl l.

232

(618) (cont.) This is complex and used for dialogue.

(619) 'Np (S) 8 Vi T(Pres) 8 P (de1)D N, 8 C Np (8)8 'be T(Pres)
to Vi Av to Vt D N 8 P Np 8 P'N, 8 S Np Av Vt T(Pres) D N."

NP 18VP 18PP I8NP 28VP 28PP 28PP 38S—c1 1. This
is compound-complex and used for dialogue.

(620) "Expl 8‘Vt T(Pres) 8‘Np (DO) 8 D Av 8 S‘Np Av M T(Pres)'not be
Aj to'Vi--8 R (del) be (del) T(Pres) (del) D N 8 R (del) Np be
T(Past) AV'Q Q Aj P.” Ex 1 8'VP 1 8JNP 1 8 VP 1 (cont.) 8
S-cl 1 (S) 8 R-cl l 8 R-cl 2. This is complex and used for
dialogue.

(621) "N N (S) 8 Vi T(Past) 8 P N, 8 Vt-ing Np 8 S D Aj N M T(Past)
to Vt Av D Aj N." NP 1 8'VP 1 8 PP 1 8:NP 1 (cont.) 8 S-cl 1.
This is complex and used for dialogue.

(622) "Np (S) &.M T(Pres) Vt 8 S(de1) Np Vte T(Pres) Np D Aj N C M
T(Pres)'not Vt D N, 8 Cin (S) &.M T(Pres) Vt 8:R.Np M T(Pres),
8 C Np (8)8 'be T(Pres) 8 D Aj-Aj N (PN)." NP 1 8 VP 1 8
S—cl 1(DO)8NP 2 &VP 28R-c1 1 (DO) &NP 3 &VP 3 &NP 4.
This is compound-complex and used for dialogue.

(623) "'C be T(PreS) 8 Np (S) 8 D Aj N (PN).'" VP 1 &NP 1 8 NP 2.
This is simple and used for dialogue.

(624) "Np (8)8 be T(Past) Av 8 R Vt T(Past) Np Vt D N 8 P N N 8 Vt
T(Past) NIN Vt Np." NP 1 8 VP 1 8 R-cl 1 (PN) 8 PP 1 8 R~c1 1
(cont.). This is complex and used for dialogue.

(625) "D N (DO) 8 R (del) Np have T(Pres) 8 P Np 8JN (S) 8 Av Vt
T(Pres)." NP 1 8 R-cl 1 8 PP 1 8 NP 2 8 VP 1. This is

complex and used for dialogue.

(626)

(627)

(628)

(629)

(630)

(631)

233
”Np (S) 8 have T(Pres) 8 D Aj N (DO), 8 0 Av 8,Np (S) 8 ’be
T(Pres) Av 8 P N~~8 Av Aj (PN)." NP 1 8 VP 1 8INP 2 8 VP 2
&.NP 3 8 VP 2 (cont.) 8 PP l &.NP 4. This is compound and
used for dialogue.
”Sin Vt T(Pres) D Aj, D Aj-Aj N 8 P D Aj N 8:Np (S) 8 Vt
T(Pres)8DN (DO)8PN 8PQAjAj, QAjN; &Np (S)8'be
T(Pres) Vl-en 8 Q Aj (PN), &.P N 8 Q Aj (PN) (8 Excl) 8 P D N
8PAjN." S-c1 18PP18NP18VP18NP28PP28PP38
NP 3 8 VP 2 &.NP 4 8 PP 4 8'NP 5 8 Ex 1 8 PP 5 8 PP 6. This
is compound-complex and used for dialogue.
”N N (S) 8Vtg T(Pres) &Np (IO) 8 to VtD AjN 8C to (del)
Vt Np have Np (D0), 8,P D‘N, 8 P D‘N 8 R (del) N be T(Pres) Aj
QtthDN8PNp." NP18VP 18NP28NP3(DO)8NP48
PP 1 8 PP 2 8 R-cl l 8 PP 3. This is complex and used for
dialogue.
"D Aj'N (S) 8 be T(Pres) 8 S DIN M T(Past) Vt Np &.P D N's N."
NP 1 8‘VP 1 8 S-cl 1 (PN) 8 PP 1. This is complex and used
for dialogue.
"Np (S) 8M T(Past) Vt 8 S (del) Np be T(Past) D AjN 81:21:
N," NP 1 8 VP 1 8 S-cl 1 (D0) 8 PP 1. This is complex and
used for dialogue.
"N N (S), 8 R be T(Pres) Aj 8 P D N, 8.be T(Pres) Q Av Vi-en 8
PNp 8SNp MT(Past) Av be8 S (del) be T(Past) not8P DN 8
Vi-en 8,P N N." NP 1 8 R—cl l 8 PP l 8 VP 1 8 PP 2 8 S-cl l 8
S-cl 2 8 PP 3 8 S-cl 2 (cont.) 8 PP 4. This is complex and

used for dialogue.

(632)

(633)

(634)

(635)

(636)

(637)

234

Av8PDN &Np (S) 8Vt T(Past) 8DN (D0), 8PRAva Vt
T(Past) D N 8.P N 8,P D N, 8 S Np have T(Past) Vt-en D N 8 P
DN 8CSNp beT(Past)DAj AjN 8RVtT(Past)DN 8PRVi
T(Past) to be Vl-en DN. VP 1 8 PP 1 &NP 1 8 VP 1 (cont.) 8
NP 2 8 R~cl 1 8 PP 2 8,PP 3 8 S-cl l 8 PP 4 8 S—cl 2 8 R-cl 2
8 R-cl 3. This is complex and used for narration.

Np (S) 8 V1 T(Past) 8 Q Aj C Q Aj (PN) 8 S 8 S, 8 S N N have
T(Past) Vi-en, 8 Np be T(Past) A3“ 8 P D Aj N, 8 D N 8 P N 8
M T(Pres) have Vi-en 8 P Np 8 Av. NP 1 8 VP 1 &NP 2 8 S-cl l
8 S-cl 2 8 S-cl 3 8 S-cl 2 (cont.) 8 PP l 8 S-cl 1 (cont.) 8

PP 2 8 S-cl 1 (cont.) 8 PP 3 8 S-cl 1 (cont.). This is

complex and used for exposition and reflection.

Np (S) 8Vt T(Past) &Np (DO) 8 P DN 8 Vi-ing 8 P N N's N, 8
CExpl8beT(Past)Vi-en8PNp8PAv8SNN, &PN, 8be
T(Past)DN. NP 1 &VP 1 &NP 2 &PP 1 &NP 1 (cont.) 8PP 2
8Exl8VP28PP38PP48S-cll (S)8PP58S-cll
(cont.). This is compound-complex and used for narration.

P N &Np (S) 8 V1 T(Past) 8 Aj (PN) 8 Av 8 R D N be T(Past) Aj,
8CPDN8R(del)DNViT(Past)8PDN &Np (S)8be
T(Past) 8 Aj (PN) 8 R D Aj N have T(Past) be-en Av Vi-en. This
is compound-complex and used for reflection.

Np (S) 8 Vi T(Past) 8 P N N 8 C Vt T(Past) 8 S Np have T(Past)
DN toVi. NP 1 &VP 1 &PP 1 &VP 1 (cont.)8S-c1 1(D0).
This is complex and used for reflection.

PN &Np (S)8Vt T(Past)8DN (DO)8PNNN. PP I8NP 18

VP 1 8 NP 2 8 PP 2. This is simple and used for narration.

(638)

(639)

(640)

(641)

(642)

(643)

(644)

235
"N N (S) 8 Vt T(Pres) 8 S (del) Np M T(Pres) have Vt-en N 8
P N--8 Np (8) (del) 8‘Vi T(Pres)." NP 1 &.VP 1 8 S-cl 1 (DO)
8,PP 1 8,NP 2 8 VP 2. This is compound—complex and used for
dialogue.
AvMT(Past)8Np (S)8Vi—-8SNp be T(Past) to VtDN8PN?
VP 1 8JNP 1 &.VP 1 (cont.) 8 S-cl l 8 PP 1. This is complex
and used for reflection.
Np (S) 8 be T(Past) 8 Q Aj C Av Q Aj (PN) 8 P N N. NP 1 8 VP 1
&.NP 2 &.PP 1. This is simple and used for reflection.
D N (S) 8‘Vi T(Past) Av, 8 C Expl 8 be T(Past) 8 D Aj N’(PN) 8
PNp8tth (S)8SpreT(Past)AjCAj. NP18VP18Ex1
8VP28NP28PP18NP38S-cl 1. This is compound-
complex and used for narration and reflection.
Np (S) 8 be T(Past) 8 Aj (PN) 8 P be-ing Vi-en 8 P Q Aj D N,
8 C Np (S) 8Vt T(Past) 8 P Np 8 P (de1)D N 8 S D N be T(Past)
AvAj. NP18VP18NP28PP18PP28NP38VP28PP3
8 PP 4 8 S-cl 1 (D0). This is compound-complex and used for
narration.
‘Np (S) 8 be T(Past) Av 8 D N (PN), 8 D N (PN) 8,P D Ad N.
NP 1 &VP 1 &NP 2 &NP 3 &PP 1. This is simple and used
for exposition.
Expl 8 M T(Past) be 8 D N (S) 8 P Vt-ing Np: 8Np (S) 8 M
T(Pres)8PDN8VtAv,8PDN,8DN(DO)8R(de1)DNM
T(Past)Vi. Exl8VP18NP18PP18NP28VP28PP2
&.VP 2 (cont.) 8 PP 3 8:NP 3 8 R-cl 1. This is compound-

complex and used for exposition.

(645)

(646)

(6

47)

(648)

(6

(6

49)

50)

236
Av, 8 P D N, 8 Np (S) 8 be T(Past) to have D N. VP 1 8 PP 1 8
NP 1 8 VP 1 (cont.). This is simple and used for narration.
P D N 8 D Aj N (S) 8 be T(Past) 8 A) (PN), 8 C D N (S) 8 Vi
T(Past) 8 P D N 8 S Np M T(Past) Vi 8 P N N's Aj N: "8 N N's
N (S) 8 have (del) T(Pres) (del) be—en 8 P N~~8 N (S) 8 be
(del) T(Past) (del) Vi—en." PP 1 8 NP 1 8 VP 1 8 NP 2 8 NP 3
8 VP 2 8 PP 2 8 S-cl 1 8 PP 3 8 NP 4 8 VP 3 8 PP 4 8 NP 5 8
VP 4. This is compound-complex and used for narration and
dialogue.
"Np (S) (del) 8 Vt T(Pres) 8 N (DO).h NP 1 8 VP 1 8 NP 2.
This is simple and used tor dialogue.
Np (S) 8 M T(Past) Vi, 8 S (del) Np be T(Pres) Aj, 8 S Np Vte
T(Past) Np to be D Aj N 8 R (del) Np have T(Past) Vtven A} N N
to Vt D N P. NP 1 8 VP 1 8 S-cl 1 8 S-cl 2 8 R~01 1. This is
complex and used for reflection.
Np (S) (del) 8 Vt (de1)’1'(Past) (de1)8 D (de1)N (D0) 8 R Np
have T(Past) be—en: 8 D D-D Aj N (S) 8 M T(Past)'not have
Vt-en 8 Np (D0), 8 Np (S) 8 M T(Past) Av have Vt-en 8 Np (D0).
NP 1 8 VP 1 8 NP 2 8 R—Cl 1 8 NP 3 8 VP 2 8 NP 4 8 NP 5 8 VP 3
8 NP 6. This is compound—complex and used for reflection.
P N 8 Np (S) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 N (DO) 8 P N. PP 1 8 NP 1 8 VP 1
8 NP 2 8 PP 2. This is simple and used for narration.
S D N Vi T(Past) 8 Np (S) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 Np (D0) 8 P P D N, 8
P R Np Vi T(Past) Av. S~C1 1 8 NP 1 8 VP 1 8 NP 2 8 PP 1 \
R—ci 1. This is complex and used tor narration.
Np (S) 8 M T(Past) Vt 8 S 8 P N (K D N 8 R D A) N be T(Past)

Vi—ing Av 8 Vt T(Past) Aj N, 8 C D N (S) 8 Av Vt T(Past) \

(652)

(653)

(654)

(655)

(656)

(657)

237
(cont.) Sin be T(Past) Av to be Vi-en &.P Vt-ing D N &.P N N.
NP 1 8 VP 1 8 S-cl 1 (DO) &.PP 1 8 S-cl 1 (cont.) 8 R-cl 1 8
S-cl 1 (cont.) &NP 2 &VP 2 &S-cl 2 (DO) &PP 2 &PP 3.
This is compound-complex and used for narration.
NN (S), &RAjNAvVi T(Past)Av8PPDAjN &P RNp Vt
T(Past) D N 8 P D N, 8 Vt T(Past) 8 P Np 8 S N N have T(Past)
Vt-en D Q.Aj N &;P D Aj N. NP 1 8 R-cl 1 8 PP 1 8 R-cl 2 8
PP 2 8 VP 1 8 PP 3 8 S-cl 1 (D0) 8 PP 4. This is complex and
used for narration.
Av 8 Np (S) 8 Vt T(Pres) 8 8 (del) Np Vt T(Past) Np, 8 C S, 8
PDN-NCDAjN, &DAjN beT(Past)AvAj. VP 1 &NP 1 8
S-cl 1 (DO) & S-cl 2 (DO) 8 PP 1 8 S-cl 2 (cont.). This is

complex and used for reflection.

Expl 8 be T(Past) 8,0 Aj N (S), 8 D Aj N (S) 8 P DIN, 8.Av, 8
RNp Vte T(Past) Av Aj &PDN &SDAjN V1 T(Past) Av Aj.
Ex18VP18NP18NP28PP18VP 1 (cont.)8R-c118

PP 2 8 S-cl 1. This is complex and used for narration and
reflection.

"D N (S) 8 be T(Pres) &.Aj (PN)--& Av Vi T(Pres) &.D N (8):"
8.Np (S) 8 be T(Past) Vi-en 8 S D Aj N have T(Past) Av Vi-en
&PDN. NP18VP18NP28VP28NP38NP48VP38
S-cl 1 8 PP 1. This is compound-complex and used for
reflection.

SNp Vi T(Past) Av Av &SDN have T(Past) Vt-enN &Np (S) 8
Vt T(Past) & D Aj N (DO) Vi-ing &.P D N 8 C Vi-ing Av C Av 8 P
DAjN8PDN-N. S-cl 188-cl 28NP18VP18NP28PP1

&NP 2 (cont.) 8 PP 2 8 PP 3. This is complex and used for

238

(657) (cont.) narration.

(658) D N (S) & be T(Past) &,Aj C Aj (PN); &lNP (S) & have T(Past) &
D Aj Aj N (DO) &.C Vt T(Past) &,Aj N (DO)--& R (del) be (del)
T(Past) (de1)ND8zRVi T(Past)&PDN &PDN &PN N.

NP 1 &VP 1&NP 281NP 3&VP 2&NP 4&VP 2 (cont.)8zNP 5
8: R-cl 1 8: R-cl 2 & PP 1 8: PP 2 81 PP 3. This is compound-
complex and used for exposition.

(659) P D N &Np (S) 8: Vt T(Past) 8: R have T(Past) Vi-en: 8: D N (S)
& P "D D N Av“ & have T(Past) Av Vi-en &.P D N &.P N, & C have
T(Past) Vt-en 81 D N (D0) to Vt Np 8: P Vi-ing Av. PP 1 82 NP 1
& VP 1 & R-cl 1 (DO) &iNP 2 & PP 2 & VP 2 & PP 3 & PP 4 & VP 2
(cont.) &zNP 3 & PP 5. This is compound-complex and used for
narration.

(660) Np (S) & Vt T(Past) & D N (DO) & s, Vi-ing to Vi & P D N & P N,
&Nth T(Past)DAjNVi-en &PDN &PAj, Aj N. NP 1 &VP 1
&HNP 2 & S-cl 1 & PP 1 & PP 2 & S-cl 1 (cont.) & PP 3 & PP 4.
This is complex and used for narration.

(661) D AjiN (S) &.have T(Past) Vi-en, & C Np (S) & be T(Past) & D N
(PN) &P "N" &RAth T(Past)DN. NP 1 &VP 1 &NP 281VP 2
&JNP 3 & PP 1 & R-cl 1. This is compound-complex and used for
narration.

(662) D Aj N (S) & Vt T(Past) 8: P Np 81 S Np Vt T(Past) 8: S (del) Np
be T(Past) Vi-ing Av & Rin Vt T(Pres)'not to Vi. NP 1 & VP 1
& PP 1 & S-cl 1 (DO) & S-cl 2 & R-cl 1. This is complex and
used for narration.

(663) "N N (S) &‘Vi T(Past) Av," & Np (S) & Vi T(Past), "& C D N (S)

& have T(Pres) & D‘N (DO) & P D N," NP 1 & VP 1 &.NP 2 & VP 2

(663)

(664)

(665)

(666)

(667)

(668)

(669)

(670)

(671)

239
(cont.) &INP 3 & VP 3 &;NP 4 & PP 1. This is compound and
used for dialogue.
N N (S) &Vt T(Past) &D Aj N (DO). NP 1 & VP 1 &NP 2. This
is simple and used for narration.
"Np (PN) (del) &.be (del) T(Pres) (del) &flN N (8)?" NP 1 &
VP 1 &.NP 2. This is simple and used for dialogue.
"Np (8) (del) & be (del) T(Pres) (del) &.N N (PN), &.R (del)
be (del) T(Pres) (del) D Aj N7-& C M T(Pres) &fiNp (S) &‘Vt &
8 (del) Np (del) be (del) T(Pres) (del) D Aj N?" NP 1 & VP 1
&iNP 2 & R-cl l & VP 2 &.NP 3 & VP 2 (cont.) & S-cl 1 (DO).
This is compound-complex and used for dialogue.
"Excl!" & Vi T(Past) & N‘N (S). Ex 1 & VP 1 &.NP 1. This is
simple and used for narration.
Av 8: Np (S) 8: Vi T(Past): ”8: M T(Pres) & Np (S) 8: Vt 8: Np (DO)
& S Np Vi T(Pres) Av?" VP 1 &NP 1 &VP 1 (cont.)81VP 2 81
NP 2 & VP 2 (cont.) &LNP 3 & S-cl 1. This is compound-complex
and used for dialogue.
"Np (8)81 M T(Past) Vt 81 S (de1)N M T(Past) Vt Np!" &Np (S)
&.Av Vi T(Past). NP 1 &‘VP 1 & S-cl 1 (DO) &JNP 2 & VP 2.
This is compound-complex and used for dialogue and narration.
N N (8)81 Av Vt T(Past) & D N (D0); 8: Np (S) 8: Vt T(Past) 8: D
AjN(D0)&PDN. NP1&VP1&NP2&NP3&VP2&NP4&
PP 1. This is compound and used for narration.
"M T(Pres) &Np (S) 8: Vt Av?" 81 Np (S) 8: Av Vi T(Past). VP 1
&.NP 1 & VP 1 (cont.) &;NP 2 & VP 2. This is compound and

used for dialogue.

240

(672) Np (S) & Vi T(Past) & P D Np 8: Av 81 P (del) D N; 8; Av &Np (S)
& Vt T(Past) &sz (DO) Aj & R be T(Past) & P Np, & Vt T(Past)
&ZNp (D0) & P D Aj "N1" NP 1 & VP 1 & PP 1 &,VP 1 (cont.) &
PP2&VP2&NP2&VP2(cont.)&NP3&R-C11&PP3&VP2
(cont.) & NP 4 & PP 4. This is compound-complex and used for
narration.

(673) P Np &Np (S) 8: Vi T(Past) Av 81 P D N, 8: C not QAV C not to
Vt,&SDN&PDN-N&ViT(Past),&DAjN8zPNN'sAjN:
&fiNp (S) &.M T(Pres) have be-en & P D N & P D Aj N. PP 1 &

NP 1 &.VP 1 & PP 2 & VP 1 (cont.) & S-cl l & PP 3 & S-cl 1
(cont.)&VP1(cont.)8zPP48LNP2&VP2&PP5&PP 6.
This is compound-complex and used for narration.

(674) Vi-ing & P Aj N, &:N N (S) & have T(Pres) Av Vt-en & D N (DO)
&PRAjNSsze T(Pres) not AjSzhave T(Pres) be-en Vi-en to
VtDN&PDN-N&Vi-enAv&PAjN;&QAjDN(PN)&M
T(Pres) &Np (S) & v1 & P Np & P D Aj N & R (de1)N have
T(Pres) Av Vt-en N. NP 1 8: PP 1 &NP 1 (cont.) &VP 1 81 NP 2
& R-cl 1 & R-cl 2 & R-cl 1 (cont.) &.PP 2 & R-cl 1 (cont.) &
PP3&NP3&VP2&NP4&VP2(cont.)&PP4&PP5&

R-cl 3. This is compound-complex and used for narration.

(675) N N (S), & S (del) Np be T(Pres) Aj, &.P D Aj N, & be T(Pres)
Av Vi-en & P N N, & C have T(Pres) Vi-en &.P DIN &.P D Aj N &
R (del) Np Vt T(Pres), & Vi-en & P Np & C C P'N &.C P Aj N.
This is complex and used for narration.

(676) R Vi T(Past) & P N &.Av & P D'N & be T(Pres) & P N &.Aj N (PN).
R-cll(S)&PP18zR-c11(cont.)&PP2&VP1&PP3&NP 1.

This is complex and used for narration.

(677)

(678)

(679)

(680)

(681)

(682)

(683)

(684)

241
S D N & R (del) Np have T(Past) Av Vi—en & be T(Past) AV’D N,
&Np(S)&beT(Pres)tobeVi-en8zPDAjN8zPDN8lR,81
P D N's N, &.Vt T(Past) to Vt N &.P D N? S-cl l & R-cl l &
S-cll(cont.)&NPl&VPl&PPl&PP2&R-c12&PP3&
R-cl 2 (cont.) & PP 4. This is complex and used for narration.
DN (S) & be T(Past) 81 Aj (PN) to Vi, 81 Aj N (PN) & S Np be
T(Past) tohave8zPDN. NP1&VP1&NP2&NP3&S-cll&
PP 1. This is complex and used for exposition.
Np(S)&VtT(Past)&PDN&PDN&DAvAjN(DO)8zCDAj
N(DO)&PDN. NP1&VP1&PP1&PP2&NP2&NP3&
PP 3. This is simple and used for narration.
Aj Aj N S Np be T(Past), & Np (S) & Av Vt T(Past) Av &.D N
(D0). S-cl 1 &.NP 1 & VP 1 & NP 2. This is complex and used
for narration.
Np (3) &‘Vi T(Past) Q Av & S S DIN have T(Past) Vi-en Av, & C
NNCS)&ViT(Past)&PNp. NP1&VP1&S-cll&NP2&
VP 2 &.PP 1. This is compound-complex and used for narration.
Np (S) & be T(Past) Av Vt-en & to Vi (DO), &.Cin (S) & be
T(Past)notVi-enAv&PNN. NP1&VP1&NP2&NP3&
VP 2 & PP 1. This is compound and used for narration.
D N (S) & be T(Past) Vi-en.Av &.P N N: & C N N (S) &.Vt T(Past)
& D Aj N (D0) Av Vi-en. NP 1 & VP 1 & PP l &,NP 2 & VP 2 &
NP 3. This is compound and used for narration.
Np (S) & be T(Past) Q.Av, Av, &.D Aj N (PN) & P Vi-ing & P D
AjN&SDN&PN&PNp&VtT(Past)DN,&CNp(S)81Vi
T(Past)&PPN&PNp&PAjN. NP1&VP1&NP2&PP1&

PP2&S-c11&PP3&PP4&S-cll(cont.)&NP3&VP28z

(684)

(685)

(686)

(687)

(688)

(689)

(690)

242
(cont.) PP 5 & PP 6 & PP 7. This is compound-complex and used
for narration.
D Aj N (S) & P D N &,R (del) D Aj N have T(Past), & P D Aj N,
&Vi-en &P D Aj N &Vt T(Past) &DN (DO) &PNp’s Vt-ing Np
& P D‘N; &flNp (S) (del) & be (del) T(Past) (del) & D Aj N (DO)
& Av, & C‘Np (S) & be T(Past) Av Vi—en &;P Np. NP 1 &.PP l &
R-cl 1 & PP 2 & R-cl 1 (cont.) & PP 3 & VP 1 &;NP 2 & PP 4 &
PP5&NP3&VP2&NP4&VP2(Cont.)&NP5&VP3&PP 6.
This is compound-complex and used for narration and reflection.
Np (S) & be T(Past) not & D N (PN) & P N & P R Np have T(Past)
Vt-en.Np &.P N, & c Vt-en DIN. NP 1 & VP 1 &:NP 2 & PP 1 &
R-cl 1 & PP 2 & R~c1 1 (cont.). This is complex and used for
reflection.
Np (S) (de1)&Vt T(PreS) &Np (D0) Vi to Vt 81 SNp &P D AjN
& R have T(Pres) Vt-en DiN &,P Aj C D.N & have T(Pres) Vt-en Q
Aj&PDN&SNp'thg-ingNNDQAj&PDAjN&toViP
have T(Pres) Vi-en. NP 1 & VP 1 &.NP 2 & S-cl 1 & PP 1 &
R-cl l & PP 2 & S-cl 1 (cont.) &.PP 3 & S-cl 2 & PP 4 & S-cl 2
(cont.). This is complex and used for reflection.
Np (S) & Vt T(Past) &zN (DO) & P D N & P D Aj N. NP 1 & VP 1
&,NP 2 & PP 1 & PP 2. This is simple and used for narration.
P (de1)N &PN &Np (S) &Vt T(Past) &Np (DO) Vi, &CNp (S)
&Vi T(Past)Av&PDAjNCN. PP1&PP2&NP1&VP 181
NP 2 &:NP 3 &:VP 2 &.PP 3. This is compound and used for
narration.
D N (S) &.Av Vi T(Past) & P Np, & C NP (3) & Av Vt T(Past) &

Np (D0): &SNp8zVi T(Past)Av&PN&PDN &Np (S)&be

(690)

(691)

(692)

(693)

(694)

(695)

(696)

243
(cont.) T(Past) & Q Aj (PN) & P D N. NP 1 & VP 1 & PP l &
NP 2 & VP 2 & NP 3 & S-cl 1 & PP 2 & PP 3 &,NP 4 & VP 3 & NP 5
& PP 4. This is compound-complex and used for narration and
reflection.
P D N &.P DIN & Expl &.M T(Past) Vi & P'Np & Av & to Vt Av (S)
& P D Aj N, & P N, & D AjiN &:P D Aj N. PP 1 & PP 2 & Ex 1 &
VP 1 & PP 3 & VP 1 (cont.) &.NP 1 & PP 4 & PP 5 &.NP 1 (cont.)
& PP 6. This is simple and used for reflection.
C Av be T(Past) & D Aj N (S), & C be T(Past) & D D N C D N (S)
& to have be-en Vi-en.(PN) & P Np? VP 1 &QNP 1 & VP 2 &JNP 2
&.NP 3 & PP 1. This is compound and used for reflection.
N N (S) & Vtg T(Past) &.Np (IO) & S Np have T(Past) Vt-en Np
& R (del) Np M T(Past) & C S Aj N N, & R have T(Past) Av be-en
Vi-en &P N, 8: be T(Past) QAj. NP 1 &VP 1 &NP 2 81 S-cl 1
(DO) & R-cl 1 & S-cl 2 (DO) & R—cl 2 & PP l & S-cl 2 (cont.).
This is complex and used for narration.
Np (S) & M T(Past)'not have D N (DO) & Av & P N N, &.C Np (S)
&‘M T(Past)'not Vt & to be Vi-en (DO) & P‘Np & P Vt—ing to Vt
Np & P D Aj N &LP N N's N. NP 1 & VP 1 &.NP 3 & VP 1 (cont.)
& PP 1 &LNP 3 &,VP 2 &:NP 4 &.PP 2 & PP 3 & PP 4 & PP 5. This
is compound and used for reflection.
Np (S) & have T(Past) Vt-en & D N (D0) to Vt D N & P D N, &.S
AV'Np be T(Past) Av Aj to Vi. NP 1 & VP 1 &HNP 2 &‘PP l &
S-cl 1. This is complex and used for narration.
P (del) D Aj‘N &.P D Aj N, & P (del) D N &.S Np Vi T(Past), &
Np (S) &‘Vt T(Past) &.D N (DO) & Av & P D'N. PP 1 &.PP 2 &

PP 3 & S-Cl 1 &.NP 1 & VP 1 & NP 2 & VP 1 (cont.) & PP 4.

(696)

(697)

(698)

(699)

(700)

(701)

(702)

(703)

(704)

(705)

244
(cont.) This is complex and used for narration.
"D'N (DO) & R (del) Np Vt T(Past) Np & P (del) D N, &.Np (S) &
Vt T(Pres)." NP 1 & Rucl l & PP l &.NP 2 & VP 1. This is
complex and used for dialogue.
"Np (S) (del) & Vt (del) T(Pres) (del) & D (del) N (D0) (del)
&PDNSzP (de1)DAjN?" NP 1 &VP 1 &NP 281PP 1 &PP 2.
This is simple and used for dialogue.
"Excli &;Np (S) (del) & Vi (del) T(Pres) (de1)." Ex 1 &.NP 1
&‘VP 1. This is simple and used for dialogue.
"M T(Pres)'not & Np (S) & Vi & S Np be T(Pres)?” VP 1 &.NP 1
&‘VP 1 (cont.) & S-cl 1. This is simple and used for dialogue.
"Np (S) & M T(Past) have be-en & D Aj N (PN)." NP 1 & VP 1 &
NP 2. This is simple and used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 8: be T(Pres) 8: D Aj N (PN)," &N N (S) 8: Vi T(Past).
NP 1 & VP 1 &INP 2 &HNP 3 & VP 2. This is compound and used
for dialogue.
"Np (8) (del) & Vt T(Pres) &fiNp (DO) &.S Np Vi T(Pres) Av."
NP 1 & VP 1 &;NP 2 & S-cl 1. This is complex and used for
dialogue.
"Av!" & Np (S) 8: Av Vt T(Past) 8: to (del) Vt (del) Np (del).
NP 1 &zNP 2 & VP 1 &‘NP 1 (DO) (cont.). This is simple and
used for dialogue and narration.
Expl & M T(Pres) be Vi-en & S, & Av S Np be T(Pres) Vi-en, & D
N V1 T(Pres) & P Np & Q Aj. Ex 1 & VP 1 & S-cl l (S) & S-cl 2
& S-cl 1 (cont.) & PP 1 & S-cl 1 (cont.). This is complex and

used for reflection.

(706)

(707)

(708)

(709)

(710)

(711)

(712)

(713)

245
Np (S) & be T(Pres) & Aj (PN) & R & S D N have T(Past) Vi-en &
PDN&DNMT(Past)VthAv. NP1&VP1&NP2&R—c11&
S-cl 1 & PP 1 & R-cl 1 (cont.). This is complex and used for
reflection.
Np (S) & have T(Pres) Vt-en & D N (DO) & P D Aj N, & C D N (S)
& have T(Pres) not be—en Vi-en. NP 1 & VP 1 &;NP 2 & PP 1 &
NP 3 &‘VP 2. This is compound and used for narration.
Expl & ’be T(Pres) & Aj (PN), & c P D N & Aj (PN), & to Vt (S)
& S (del) Np M T(Pres) have be-en Av Vi-en. Ex 1 & VP 1 &
NP 1 & PP l & NP 2 &.NP 3 & S—cl 1. This is complex and used
for reflection.
Av & DIN (S) & P D Aj N, & D Aj N (S) & have T(Pres) Vt-en &
N-N(DO)&PNp. VP1&NP1&PP1&NP2&VP1&NP3&
PP 2. This is simple and used for reflection.
DAjCAjN (S)&Vt T(Pres)&DN (DO). NP1&VP1&NP 2.
This is simple and used for narration.
D Aj N (S) & P D Aj N & M T(Past) V1 8 D Aj N (PN). NP 1 &
PP l & VP 1 & NP 2. This is simple and used for reflection.
Av &.Np (S) & have T(PreS) & D Aj N (DO) &.P D'N & P D Aj N &
R have T(Pres) & P (del) D N & D Aj N C D Aj N, & C R Vt
T(Pres)8zPN&SDNMT(Pres)AvViAv. VP1&NP1&VP1
(cont.) &NP 2 &PP 1 &PP 2 & R--c1 1 &PP 3 & R-cl 1 (cont.)
& R-cl 2 & PP 4 & S-cl 1. This is complex and used for
narration.
Av &.Np (S) & Vt T(Pres) & Np (D0), &.C Np (S) & have T(Pres)
Av Vt—en & to Vt Np (DO). VP 1 & NP 1 & VP 1 (cont.) &INP 2

& NP 3 & VP 2 &.NP 4. This is compound and used for

246
(713) (cont.) reflection.
(714) D Aj N (S) & P Np, & P D N, & be T(Pres) & to v1 Av Vi-ing c
Vi-ing Av (PN); & C Np (S) & M T(Past) be Av Vi-en & P D Aj N
&Av S (del) be T(Past) Np not 81 P N 81 P Np. NP 1 &PP l 81
PP 2 & VP 1 & NP 2 & NP 3 & VP 2 & PP 3 & S—cl 1 & PP 4 & PP 5.

This is compound-complex and used for reflection.

"THE JOLLY CORNER”

(1) "Np (S) 81 Vt T(Pres) 81 Np (DO) 81 R Np 'Vi T(Pres)’ 81 P Np," 81 Vi
T(Past) 81 N N (S); "81 C Np (S) 81 Vt T(Pres) 81 N (DO) 81 S Np M
T(Pres)-—81 Vi-ing C Vt-ing D N, Vt-ing Np Av 81 P D N." NP 1 81
VP 1 &.NP 2 & R-cl 1 (DO) & PP 1 & VP 2 & NP 3 &flNP 4 & VP 3 &
NP 5 81 S-cl l & NP 4 (cont.) 81 PP 2. This is compound-complex
and used for dialogue.

(2) "Np (8)81 M T(Past)'not Vi 81 P Np 81 P Np 81 Av," 81 Np (S) 81 Vi
T(Past) Av, "81 C, S be T(Past) Expl Aj to Vt 81 P D Aj-C-Aj N 81
QAjDN 81P QAjDN, 810 'N' (S) &MT(Past) Av be QAv81PNp
81 R Vt T(Pres) Av Np." NP 1 81 VP 1 & PP l 81 PP 2 81 VP 1 (cont.)
&.NP 2 &‘VP 2 & S-cl 1 & PP 3 & S~c1 1 (cont.) & PP 4 &‘NP 3 &
VP 3 81 PP 5 81 R-cl 1. This is compound—complex and used for
dialogue.

(3) Np (S) &be T(Past)Vi—ing81PNN, 81P R81P DN &PN Av81Np
have T(Past) Vt-en Np 81 P D Aj N to Vi; 81 P (del) D N C D N, D N
C N, 81 S D N 81 P N 81 Vt T(Past) Np, 81 haveaing Av Q Vt-en D Aj N
&PDAjN &PQAjNVt-ingDQAvAjN&PN. NP 1 &VP 1 81
PP 1 81R—c1 1 &PP 281PP 381Rucl 1 (cont.)81PP 481PP 5 81
-S-—c1 1 81 PP 6 81 S-cl 1 (cont.) 81 PP 5 (cont.) 81 PP 7 81 PP 8 81
PP 9. This is complex and used for narration.

(4) Np (3)81 be T(Past) Av 81 D N (PN); 81 C Np (S) 81 M T(Past) be 81
Aj (PN) 81 S Nghaqe T(Past) Q Av C Q Av Vt-en Np, Vt-en N to Vtg
NQAjN81PN. NP181VP181NP281NP381VP281NP4813—cl1
81 PP 1. This is compound-complex and used for narration.

(5) Np (S) 81 have T(Past) Vtg-en 81 Np (IO) 81 Np (DO) 81 P D N--& Np
(DO), 81 to be Aj; 81 C Np (S) 81 Av Vi T(Past) 81 P Np 81 to have
Vt-enDNAv81PDN &PDN. NP 1 &VP 1 81NP 281NP 381PP 1

247

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

248
(cont.) 81NP 481VP 1(cont.) &NP 5 &VP 2 &PP 281VP 2 (cont.)
& PP 3 & PP 4. This is compound and used for narration and
reflection.
Np (S) & have T(Past) be-en &.Np (PN) &.P Vt—ing N N--& Np (S)
&beT(Past) &Np (PN)81Av; &SAv Np be T(Past) to Vi 81SNp
have T(Past) Av, & P D N, & Vt-en Np Viuing; & P D N &,Np (S) &
M T(Past) have Vi—en Av & S be T(Pres) Av Viuen & P N. NP 1 &
VP181NP281PP181NP381VP281NP4&VP 2(C0nt.)&S-c1 1
& S-cl 2 & PP 2 & S-Cl 2 (cont.) & PP 3 &.NP 5 & VP 3 & S~cl 3 &
PP 4. This is compound-complex and used for narration.
Expl & M T(Past) have Vt-en & D N (DO), & S (del) Np Av Vi
T(Past) &.P Np, & C Vi T(Past) Av & P N N, & Expl & M T(Past)
have Vt~en &.D Aj N (D0) & C D Aj N (D0) & P Np Av & P R.Np have
T(Past) be-en Aj, & to Vt Av D N, D N, D N (S), & P N & D N, & P
D N C D N, & R & P N &.Vt T(Past) D N & S Np Vi T(Past). Ex 1 &
VP 1 & NP 1 & S—cl 1 & PP 1 & S-cl 1 (cont.) & PP 2 & Ex 2 &
VP281NP281NP381PP 381R—c1 1&NP481PP481NP4(cont.)
& PP 5 & R-cl 2 & PP 6 & R~c1 2 (cont.) & S-cl 2. This is
compound—complex and used for narration.

D Aj N (S) & Av Av have T(Past) beuen &.D N (PN); &.S Np have

_T(Past) Vt-en.Np, &,P N & P N, & to be Vi-ing, & C P D QIAj C Aj

N,81PN81PN. NP181VP1&NP281S-cl181PP181PP281
S-cl 1 (cont.) & PP 3 & PP 4 & PP 5. This is complex and used
for narration.

Np (S) &IAv Vt T(Past) &.S Np have T(Past) Vi-en &.P N; &,Np (S)

& Vt T(Past) & RflNp M T(Past) have be—en Aj & P Vi-ing, & Np (S)

(9)

(10)

(11)

(12)

(13)

249
(cont.) & Vt T(Past) & R Np M T(Past) Av have Vi-en. NP 1 &
VP 1 & S-Cl 1 (DO) & PP 1 &XNP 2 & VP 2 & R-cl 1 (DO) & PP 2 &
NP 3 &,VP 3 & R-cl 2 (D0). This is compound-complex and used
for reflection.
N C‘N (S) & be T(Past) Av; & D Aj N (S) & R (del) have T(Past)
Vi-en, & D Aj N (S) & P D Aj N, & S Np have T(Past) Q Av Vi-en
AV & P D N & P D N--& D Aj N (S) & Vt T(Past) &INp (DO) & Av, &
SNpViT(Past),81PDN; &SD'N“N,DAj,DAj,DAjN, 81R
Np have T(Past)QAv, &PN &PAj NDN, &Vi Av to Vi, &be
T(Past) AV D N &,P N. NP 1 & VP 1 & NP 2 & R-cl 1 &LNP 3 &
PP 1 & S—cl 1 & PP 2 & PP 3 & NP 4 & VP 2 &INP 5 & VP 2 (cont.)
& S-cl 2 & PP 4 & S—cl 3 & R-cl 2 & PP 5 & PP 6 & R—cl 2(cont.)
& S-cl 3 (cont.) & PP 7. This is compound-complex and used for
reflection.
Np (S)&beT(Past)81PQAjAjN&PN,&PN &PN,81PRD
Aj N be T(Past) Av Vt—ing D N. NP 1 & VP 1 & PP 1 & PP 2 &
PP 3 & PP 4 & R-cl 1. This is complex and used for reflection.
Np (S)&beT(Past)81Aj (PN), &Av,81DAjN (S), &CNp (8)81
M T(Past) have be-en & Q Aj (PN) &.S (del) have T(Past)'not D
Aj Aj N Vtuen D N. NP 1 & VP 1 & NP 2 & VP 1 (cont.) &.NP 3 &
NP 4 & VP 2 &.NP 5 & Smcl 1. This is compound-complex and used
for reflection.
Np (S) & have T(Past) Av not, & P D Aj N, &.Vi Av §3_&.P D N; &
Np (S) & have T(Past) Vi, & C C P D Aj N & C Av P D N & P D N,
&.P D'N & P R.Np have T(Past) N to Vi. NP 1 & VP 1 & PP 1 &

VP 1 (cont.) & PP 2 &;NP 2 & VP 2 & PP 3 & PP 4 & PP 5 & PP 6

(13)

(14)

(15)

250
(cont.) & R-cl 1. This is compound-complex and used for
reflection.
Np (S) & have T(Past) Vi-~& Vi-ing D N Av--& to Vt & P D "N,“ &
R Np have T(Past) Av & P D N & P D N & not be-en & P D D N P; &
C, Vt-ing Np Q Av, Np (S) & have T(Past) Vi-en &.P D N & P
Vt-ing Av D'N & P D Aj N, &.S Np Av, C Q Av, Vt T(Past) Np-_&
R (del) be (del) T(Past) (del) D'Np & P R.Np have T(Past) Av
Vt-en D N, & P R.Aj N &,P D N &.have T(Past) Vi-en C have
T(Past) Vi-en, &‘P R D N & P D Aj N & have T(Past) be-en Vi—en
C D D Aj N &'P D Aj N & Viaen, & C R, Vi-en Av &IP Q Aj D N, &
haveT(Past),&PDAjN81PDDN81CDN &PAjN,81Vi-enAv
& P D N. NP 1 & VP 1 &INP 1 (cont.) & VP 1 (cont.) & PP 1 &
R-cl 1 & PP 2 & PP 3 & R-cl 1 (cont.) & PP 4 &INP 2 & VP 2 &
PP581PP6&PP7818—Cll81R—c1281R-C13&R-C1481PP881
R-cl 4 (cont.) & R—cl 5 & PP 9 & R-cl 5 (cont.) & PP 10 &
R-cl 5 (cont.) & R-cl 6 & PP ll & R~cl 6 (cont.) & PP 12 &
PP 13 &.PP l2 (cont.) & PP l4 & R-cl 6 (cont.) & PP 15. This
is compound-complex and used for narration and exposition.
Np (S) & be T(Past) & D N (PN) & P Np, not Q Q ”Aj”~~& P (del)
D Aj N have-ing be-en, & P Aj N, & Av Vi-en C Vi-en; & C D N
(S)&PDN 81Vt T(Past)&DAjN (DO), &PDNVi-ing, &PD
Aj N, &IP D Aj N & R (&.P Av P D Aj Aj N) & have T(Past) Av
be-en Av Aj. NP 1 &,VP 1 &zNP 2 &,PP l & PP 2 & PP 3 & PP 2
(cont.) &.NP 3 & PP 4 & VP 2 &JNP 4 & PP 5 & PP 6 & PP 7 &
R-cl 1 &.PP 8 & R-cl 1 (cont.). This is compound—complex and

used for exposition.

251

(16) Np (S) &.M T(Past) Vi &.P ”N," &.S Np have T(Past) be-en & P D
N81PVi-ing,81PDN&PDAjNNN,81CNp(S)(de1)&M
(del) T(Past) (del) Vi (del) Av (del) Av &.S, Np & P D Aj N, D
Aj N &.P D Aj N, & have-ing &,P D N &.Vi-en Av, N &.P D Aj N &
have T(Past) Vt-en Av Aj. NP 1 &‘VP 1 & PP l & S-cl 1 &.PP 2
&.PP 3 & PP 4 & PP 5 &.NP 2 &‘VP 2 & S-cl 2 & PP 6 & PP 7 &
S-cl 2 (cont.) & PP 8 & S-cl 2 (cont.) & PP 9 & S-cl 2 (cont.).
This is compound-complex and used for exposition.

(l7) Np (S) & be T(Past) &.N (PN) & P N & Av, &.C Np (S) & have
T(Past) Vt-en &INp (DO) & P D N & Vi-ing Av &zP Np. NP 1 &
VP 1 & NP 2 & PP 1 & VP 1 (cont.) &LNP 3 & VP 2 &LNP 4 & PP 2 &
NP 4 (cont.) & PP 3. This is compound and used for reflection.

(18) D N (S) & P D N, &.D Aj N Aj, & be T(Past) AV &.P N &‘P N & P D
Aj N & P N; &:Np (S) & have T(Past) Vi-en, D N Av, & P N & P D
N--& P R, Av & S Np be T(Past) Vining Av, & Expl have T(Past)
be-ennotDN81PDN81tthNij, &PDN,&CCPDAjN81
PDN,81toVi81PDAjN,&AvPDAjN. NP181PP181NP1
(cont.)81VP181PP281PP381PP481PP581NP281VP281PP6
& PP 7 & R-cl 1 & S-cl 1 & R~cl 1 (cont.) & PP 8 & Rucl 1
(cont.) & PP 9 & PP 10 & PP ll & R~cl 1 (cont.) & PP l2 & PP 13.
This is compound-complex and used for narration.

(l9) Np (S) & have T(Past) Vt-en & D‘N (DO) & P D'N Av Vimen & P D N
& C P (del) DIN Vi-en &.P Np & P Q Aj D N & S Np Av Vt T(Past)
Np toVi81PDAjN,81PDN &PDN81AvAvVi-en,81PDN 81P
N & C P (del) D‘N &,P N. NP 1 & VP 1 &INP 2 & PP l & PP 2 &
PP 3 & PP 4 & PP 5 & S-cl 1 & PP 6 & PP 7 & PP 8 & PP 7 (cont.)

& PP 9 & PP 10 & PP ll & PP 12. This is complex and used for

(19)

(20)

(21)

(22)

(23)

252
(cont.) reflection.
DN (S), Q Aj D 81 P Np 81 Av, 81 have T(Past) be-en 81 Aj (PN) 81
P D D N--81 S Expl M T(Past) be Vi-en 81 P Np 81 Av 81 S Np have
T(Past) Vt-enDN 81P DN. NP 1 &PP 1 &NP 1 (cont.) &VP 1 81
NP 281PP 281S-c1 181PP 381S-cl 1 (cont.)81S-cl 281PP 4.
This is complex and used for exposition.
PN,81PDAjAjN~-81DN(S)81PN &be T(Past)81DAjN (PN)
& P D Aj N--81 Np (S) 81 Vi T(Past) 81 P D "N" 81 Vi-en, Av Vi-en;
not 81P DN 81Vt-ing 81 S D Aj N, 81 SNp Vi T(Past), 81 be
T(Past) Aj c Aj,81C Aj to Vi N, to Vt DN, to Vt N C V1 Aj 81
PNp,81tthN, &PN, &CVtN CAv”Vi&P"N. PP 1 &PP 2
81NP181PP381VP181NP281PP4&NP381VP281PP581NP3
(cont.) 81 PP 6 81 NP 3 (cont.) 81 Sucl 1 81 S-cl 2 81 S-cl 1(cont.)
&NP 3 (cont.)81PP 7 &NP 3 (cont.) 81 PP 8 &NP 3 (cont.) 81
PP 9. This is compounducomplex and used for narration.
Np (S) 81 Vi T(Past), 81 Np (S) 81 Av Av Vt T(Past) 81 Np (DO); &

C, P n Aj N, 81Np (S) 81 Vt T(Past), c Q Av, 81 N N (1)0), & 0 Av

th-inngAvAv. NP181VP181NP281VP281NP381PP 181

NP 4 81 VP 3 81 NP 5 &NP 4 (cont.). This is compound and used
for eXposition.

Np (S) 81 be T(Past)'not Av Vi—ing to be Aj-Av 81 P Np, 81 S lip be
T(Past)--C Q Av Aj: N (S) 81 be T(Past) Av 81 Aj (PN), 81 S (del)
Np Vi T(Past), 81 Av to Vte Np Aj-Av 81 S Np Vt T(Past) Np, 81 P
DN &PN, &PDAvAjNCN &PDAjN &PNN 81P RNphave
T(Past)Ath-en toVi &PDQAj NNN. NP 1 &VP 1 &PP l 81
S-cl 1 &NP 2 &VP 2 &NP 3 81 S-Cl 2 &NP 3 (cont.) 81 S-cl 3 81

PP281PP381PP481PP 681R-C1181PP 7. This is

(23)

(24)

(25)

(26)

253
(cont.) compound-complex and used for reflection.
SNth T(Past)DN&PNp81AvAv81CPDDN81PDAjAjN81
RVi T(Past)81PNp&tthDAjN81PDAjN-N, Aj,Aj, &PAj
CAj-AjN CN--81 SNp have T(Past) Vt-en, &P DN, 81DN, 81Np
(S) 81 be T(Past) Av AvD Av 81P P DN 81P D have-ing Vt-en C
Vt-en,81PDAjN81PDN, &Vi—ing&PDAjAjN81PNCNCN,
&DAjAjN81SNCN,DAjN,Vt T(Past)DN81PDN81PDAj
NAvAj, &CSNVi T(Past)Av81PDN 81PDN. S-cl 181PP 1
81 S-cl l (cont.)81PP 281PP 3 81R—cl 1 &PP 4 &R—cl 1(cont.)
&PP581PP 681S-c1 281PP 781S-c12(cont.)81NP181VP 181
PP881PP 981PP 1081PP 1181PP 9 (cont.)81PP 1281PP 1381
PP 9 (cont.) &S-cl 3 &PP'14 &PP 15 &S-cl 481PP 16 &PP 17.
This is complex and used for reflection.
DAjN (S) &Vi T(Past) 81PDN &CAv Vt T(Past) 81DN (DO) 81
CVt T(Past) 81DN (DO) 81C Vt T(Past) 81DN (DO); 81Np (S) 81
Vi T(Past) Av, 81PD Aj AjN, &SNpMT(Past), &CNp (S) 81Vi
T(Past) AvCVt T(Past) 81N (DO) 81 S DN be T(Past) Av81P ”N,”
DN81R(de1)Np&PN81Vi T(Past)P,AvCD QAv, &CPNp81
PDAj N, 81P(del)Np&PDDAj,DQAj~AjCAjAjNCN.
NP181VP 181PP181VP 1 (cont.)81NP 281VP 1 (cont.)81NP 3
&VP 1 (cont.)81NP481NP581VP281PP 28184121 181NP 681
VP381NP7818-c1281PP381R-c1 181PP481R-c11(cont.)81
PP 5 81 PP 6 &PP 7 &PP 8. This is compound-complex and used
for narration.
Np (S)&Vt T(Past)81N (DO)81PDN~N &PNbe, &DAjN81RN
Vi T(Past)P8zSDN-N81PN &Vi T(Pre8)81PDN; 81Np (8)81

VtT(Past),Av,81PN, &DDAjNCN (DO);81CC,PDAjAjN

(26)

(27)

(28)

254

(cont.)81PDN, &RVt T(Past) Np to Vt 81SNp be T(Past)DAj
AjN81RV1 T(Past)Aj81PN, &CDAj Aj Aj Np81RVl T(Past)
Aj81PAjN;81PDAjN, &PN, &PNCN&PRNpMT(Past)Vi,
81Np (S)&beT(Past)81DAj (PN)81PNp81PDAjAjN(DN to
Vi P), &CVt-ingDN,Np (S)&be T(Past)81DAjN (PN)81PD
N. NP181VP181NP2&PP1&PP281PP1(cont.)81R-uc1181
S-c1181PP381S-c1 1 (cont.)81PP481NP381VP281PP581
NP 4 & PP 6 & PP 7 & R-c1 2 & S-c1 2 & R-cl 3 & PP 8 & S-cl 2
(cont.)81R-cl481PP981PP1081PP1181PP 12&R-c1581NP5
81VP381NP681PP13&PP1481NP781VP481NP881PP15.
This is compound-complex and used for narration and exposition.
Np (S)&haveT(Past)&N (DO)81PN, 81P(del)"D"N(81DAjN
(S)&beT(Past)Av81PDN)81PN&PDDN81P (de1)NQAj,
81PDN,81PDN81PDN81CDN81PDN,81Aj81PN,81PN,81
PN81PN81RbeT(Past)AjCAj&PNp,&AvP"N"&PN,81C
AvAj,AvAjCAj,81PDAjN81PDN81PRNp have T(Past)Av
be-enVi-en. NP181VP181NP281PP 181PP281NP381VP281
PP 3 & PP 4 & PP 5 & PP 6 & PP 7 & PP 8 & PP 9 & PP 8 (cont.) &
PP 10 &.PP 6 (cont.) & PP 11 & PP 12 & PP 13 & PP 14 & R~c1 1 &

PP 15 & PP 16 & PP 17 & R~c1 1 (cont.) & PP 18 & PP 19 & Reel 2.

.This is compoundecomplex and used for exposition.

Np (8)81 have T(Past) Vi-en 81 P Np 81 P (del) D N 81 to Vt 81 S D
"N-N’ be T(Past) Vi-ing; 81 Np (S) 81 have T(Past) Vt-en 81 Np
(DO) 81 P N 81 C Vt-en 81 P Np & N (D0), 81 C S Np be T(Past) Av 81
have T(Past) Vi-en to have, 81 P Np, 81 D Aj C Aj N 81 P D N 81 P
N, 81 R (de1)be (de1)T(Past) (de1)D N 81 P D N—N 81 R have

T(Past) Vt-en DN. NP 1 81 VP 1 81 PP 1 &PP 2 81 VP 1 (cont.)

(28)

(29)

(30)

(31)

(32)

(33)

255
(cont.)818-c1 181NP 281VP281NP381PP 381VP 2(cont.)81
PP 4 &.NP 4 & S-cl 2 &‘VP 2 (cont.) & PP 5 & VP 2 (cont.) &
PP 6 & PP 7 & R-cl 1 & PP 8 & R-cl 2. This is compound-complex
and used for narration.
Np (S) & have T(Past) Vt-en &.Np (DO) Av "Vi-ing-Av" & P D'N &
PDN81PDNp'sN&tthDN81PNp81PDAjN, &Chave
T(Past) Q Av Vt-en &.P Np (& Av P D Av Aj N &:P N) &.S Np have
T(Past) Av & P Q Aj N & Vt-en D Aj N. NP 1 & VP 1 & NP 2 &
PP 181PP 281PP381PP2(cont.)81PP481PP581VP 1 (cont.)
& NP 3 & S-cl 1 & PP 6 &.PP 7 & PP 8 & PP 9 & S-cl 1 (cont.) &
PP 10 & PP 11 & PP l2 & S-cl 2 &.PP 13 & S-cl 2 (cont.). This
is complex and used for narration.
S Np have T(Past) Av Vi-en &.P N &;Np (S) & M T(Past) have
Vt-en & D N (DO) &.P D N-N. S-cl 1 & PP 1 &‘NP 1 & VP 1 &
NP 2 & PP 2. This is complex and used for narration.
S Np have T(Past) Av Vi-en & P N &XNp (S) & M T(Past) have
Vt-en81DN (DO)81PNAvtthDAjN &PAjAjN81Cto(de1)
Vt Np81SNpVi T(Past)81PDN-N. S-cl 181PP181NP181VP1
81NP2&PP281PP381PP2 (cont.)81S-c1 281PP 4. This is
complex and used for narration.
Np (S) &be T(Past) to VtDN, &SDN Vi T(Past), 81P DAj Aj
N &.R (del) Np have T(Past) Vi-en &.P D Aj C Aj & P D D Av Q Aj
C Q Aj N. NP 1 & VP 1 & S-cl l & PP 1 & R—cl l & PP 2 & PP 3.
This is complex and used for narration.
Np (S) & have T(Past) Vt—en & to be Aj (DO) &.P Np & P D D N, &
Np (S) & have T(Past) Vi-en Av &.P D Aj N, & D Aj Aj N (S): &

Np (S) 81 Vt T(Past) 81 Np (D0) 81 Av--& c Np (s) 81 be T(Past) &

256

(33) (cont.) D N (PN) 81P RNp D Vt T(Past) D N, 31 c P N, 81 Av, v1
T(Past) C Vi T(Past) 81 P Np--81 Q Av 81 S Np M T(Past) have be-en
Vi-en&PDAjN,DAjN,81PDN&PNp81PDAjN81PDAjN.
NP181VP181NP281PP181PP281NP381VP281PP381NP481
NP581VP381NP681VP3(cont.)81NP781VP4&NP881R-cl1
&PP 4 81 R-cl 1 (cont.)81PP 5 &VP 3 (cont.) & S-cl l 81 PP 6 81
PP 7 81 PP 8 81 PP 9 81 PP 10. This is compound—complex and used
for narration and reflection.

(34) DAjN(S)81QAvVi T(Past)81PNp,&SNpMT(Past)'not Av Av
Vth&PDQAjN:Np81PNp'th-ingDN&PRNpMT(Past)
havth-enAj81PVt-aingN,81DN &PDNAjCAj,81CCP
(del) Av Viuing, 81P D Aj Aj N, 81P D QAj Aj N, Np Vi-en 81 P
DN81PDN81CP(de1)Vt-inng81PDN. NP181VP181PP1
&S-c1181PP281PP381R—c1181PP481PP3(cont.)81PP5&
PP681PP781PP881PP981PP1081PP1181PP 12. This is
complex and used for narration and reflection.

(35) PDN81PDN81PN81Np (S)&ViT(Past)81PDN&tthDNp
CAvQAvDAij,&R81PDAjN&VtT(Past)Np81PDN,81D
"Aj"NpAv,&PDNAvQAvAjCAj81PDAjN,&CPDAvAjN.
PP181PP281PP381NP181VP181PP481VP1(cont.)81Ra-cll
&PP 5 81 R-cl 1 (cont.)81PP 6 81 R—-c1 1(cont.)81PP 7 & PP 8
& PP 9. This is complex and used for narration and exposition.

(36) D N (S) 81 Av have T(Past) 81N (D0), 81 S N N Vi T(Past), 81 P N;
&DAjN(S)81have T(Past) Av Vi-en,81DAjN (S)&be T(Past)
&Aj (PN), 810 AV 0 Av 81 D Aj N (S) 81 v1 T(Past) to Vi, Q Av, &
PDQAjN,AvQAv,&RNpMT(Past)ViCVtDNtoViCVi,81

PN,81PAjN81PN. NP181VP181NP2818-c1181PP181NP3

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257
(cont.)81VP281NP481VP381NP581VP481NP681VP4(c0nt.)
& PP 2 & R-cl 1 & PP 3 & PP 4 & PP 5. This is compounducomplex
and used for narration and exposition.

Np (S) 81 Vi T(Past) Av Av, & D N (S); 81 Np (S) 81 Vt T(Past) 81
Np (D0)81PDN,81SNp Vt T(Past) Np Av,&S(del)Np Vi
T(Past),81Vt-ing,81PDN,&ttheDNAj,81PDAjN81PD
Aj N Vining & P D N & C R Vi T(Past) & P D Aj‘N & to VtIN C Vi
CVi. NP181VP181NP281NP381VP281NP481PP181S-c11
& S-cl 2 & S-cl 1 (cont.) & PP 2 & S-cl 1 (cont.) & PP 3 & PP 4
& PP 5 & R-cl 1 & PP 6 & R-cl 1 (cont.). This is compound-
complex and used for narration.

N N (S) & have T(Past) & D N (DO) & C be T(Past) & Av Aj (PN) &
P Np; & Np (S) & V1 T(Past) & P Np & Aj (PN) & P (del) D N & R
(del) Np be T(Past) Av, & S Np M T(Past)'not Vt Np D & P D N, &
QAv81SNthgT(Past)NpQAv81SAv,QQAvAv,NpDVi
T(Past). NP181VP181NP281VP1(cont.)81NP381PP181
NP 4 &‘VP 2 & PP 2 & NP 5 & PP 3 & chl 1 & S~c1 1 & PP 4 &
S-cl 1 (cont.) & Sacl 2 & S~cl 3. This is compounducomplex

and used for narration.

Np (S)&Ath T(Pres)81Np (DO) Vt&PDN,81SNp Vi T(Past)
&PDAjAjN,&SAjNViT(Past)81CS,81PN&PN,81Exp1
beT(Past)NCNN'sN,81PDN,81tthDN. NP181VP181
NP 2 &.PP l & S-cl 1 & PP 2 & S-cl 2 & S-cl 3 & PP 3 &,PP 4 &
S-cl 3 (cont.) & PP 5 & S-cl 3 (cont.). This is complex and
used for narration.

N N (S) & be T(Past) Av & P D N, & C Np (S) &.Av Vt T(Past) &

'DIN (DO), & Vt-ing Np &.P N &,P N &,C Vt-ing AV'N C Vt~ing Av

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258
(cont.) N--Np to Vt Np, &;S Np Vi T(Past), &.S Av Expl be
T(Past) toVi. NP181VP181PP181NP281VP281NP381NP2
(cont.) & PP 2 & PP 3 &LNP 2 (cont.) & S-cl 1 & S-cl 2. This
is compound-complex and used for narration.
Expl & be T(Past) &,Aj (S) &.Av & to Vi & P D Aj Aj N & S D Aj
NCDAjN81PN, 81DN81PDN&PAjN, &haveT(Past)Av81P
DN81DAj AjN,Vt-inng81PDAjAjN's,DAj N'sN81PDN,
&CAvPDAj-N;&CExp1&beT(Past)Av81DN (S)&PNN'S
& S & Aj S Np be T(Past) to Vt Np & P D Aj N, & Expl be T(Past)
D N & R (del) Np Av Vt T(Past) & S (del) Np M T(Past) Av Vi & P
Np. Exl 81VP 181NP 1 &VP 1 (cont.)81NP1 (cont.)81PP 181
S-cl 1 & PP 2 & S-cl 1 (cont.) & PP 3 & PP 4 & S-cl 1 (cont.) &
PP 5 & S-cl 1 (cont.) & PP 6 & PP 7 & PP 8 & Ex 2 & VP 2 & NP 2
& PP 9 & S-cl 2 (PN) & S—cl 3 & PP 10 & S-cl 2 (cont.) & R~c1 1
& S-cl 4 & PP 11. This is compound-complex and used for
reflection and narration.

SNpMT(Past)Vth&PDN&toViAv81PN &Np(S)81M

T(Past) Av Vtg 81 Np (IO), 81 S Np "Vi" T(Past), 81 S Np M T(Pres)

Vt Np &,P Np D. S~c1 1 & PP 1 & Sucl 1 (cont.) & PP 2 &zNP 1
&VP 1 &NP 2 81 S—cl 2 81 Sucl 3 (DO) 81 PP 3. This is complex
and used for narration.

D N (S) & R Expl be T(Past) N to Vi & M T(Past)'not Vi & P D Aj
N 81 P R Np M T(Past) Vt, 81 C Np (S) 81 Vt T(Past) 81 Np (DO) 81 Av
81 P N N 81 S D N M T(Past) be Vi-en to Vt, 81 M T(Past) 81 Np (S)?
"& Vi-ing & P P D Aj N &.P D Aj N." NP 1 & R-cl 1 & VP 1 &

PP 1 81R-c1 281NP 281VP 281NP 381VP 2 (cont.)81PP 281

S—cl 1 &.VP 3 &JNP 4 & S—cl 1 (cont.) & PP 3 & PP 4. This is

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259
(cont.) compound-complex and used for narration.
DN (S)CDAjN(S)&beT(Past)&PDN,&CNp (S)&Ath
T(Past)81DAjN(DO)81PDN &PDAjAj N--81QAj81PNp81S
Expl be T(Past) Av!--& P D Aj N. NP 1 & VP 1 & PP l & NP 2 &
VP281NP381PP281PP381S-c1181PP4818-c11(cont.)81
PP 5. This is compoundncomplex and used for narration.
N'N (S) &.Vt T(Past) & D Aj N (DO) &‘P D N & C P (del) D N & R
NpDAvMT(Past)Vi81PDDN. NP181VP181NP281PP181
PP 2 & R-cl 1 & PP 3. This is complex and used for narration.
NN(S)81AVVt T(Past)81DN (DO)--81PDN;81DN (S)&PD
"Aj" N & P D Aj N & have T(Past) Av Vl-en & Q Aj (PN) & P Np.
NP181VP181NP281PP1&NP3&PP281PP381VP281NP481
PP 4. This is compound and used for narration.
Np (S) & have T(Past) Vt-en Av Av & to "Vi" (DO), &.C Np (S) &
Vt T(Past) & Av S D N &.P N Aj & P D N & have T(Past) be—en
Vi-en81PDDN,81AvAv,81PDN81PDN81PDAjAjN81RVt
T(Past),81PD"N,”81DAjN81PDAj-N. NP181VP181NP281
NP381VP2818-c11(DO)81PP181PP281S-c11(c0nt.)81PP3
&S-c11(cont.)81PP481PP581PP 681R-c1181PP781R-c11
(cont.) & PP 8. This is compounducomplex and used for
narration.
QAV81Np (S) 81Vi T(Past)81PDN--81Av Av Vt-ingDN; 81PDN
81R,81PDAJ'N,&DNVtT(Past)NpAv81PDN&PVt-ingDAj
N, DAj Aj N (81Np (S) &Av Vt T(Past)81Av to Vt Np (DO) )81R
NAj81SNp be T(Past)AvAv81Vi T(Past)Av81PDNCDN;81C
R, &PDAj,81NthT(Past)NN81PDN81PDN81PVt~inng,

81PDN, &SNpAvAvVi T(Past). VP 1 &NP 1 &VP 1(cont.)81

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260
(cont.) PP l &.NP 1 (cont.) & PP 2 & R-cl 1 & PP 3 & R~c1 l
(cont.)81PP481PP581NP281VP281NP381R-c1 2813-011
& R—cl 2 (cont.) & PP 6 & R-cl 3 & PP 7 & R-cl 3 (cont.) & PP 8
& PP 9 & PP 10 & PP ll & S-cl 2. This is compound—complex and
used for narration and reflection.
Expl & be T(Past) &LN (S) & R (del) Np be T(Past) Aj P, &.C Np
(S) & have T(Past) & P D N &.Vtuen & N (DO) &‘P D N & R (del) N
N have T(Past) Vt-en Np, Vi-ing &.P P D‘N. Ex 1 & VP 1 &:NP 1
81R-cl181NP281VP281PP181VP2(c0nt.)81NP381PP281
R-cl 2 & PP 3. This is compound-complex and used for narration.
Expl & be T(Past) Av &.Np (S) to Vi, &.P Q Aj D N, & S M
T(Past) be Vi-en Av C Av; & S S D Aj N &,P N & be T(Past) Vi—en
&.P D N's have-ing D Vi-en Av, & P D Aj‘N Av: "&.C Np (S) & Vt
T(Past) & 8 (del) Np M T(Pres)'not Vt & S (del) Np Vt T(Pres)
Np tthNp81PN'." Exl81VP181NP181PP181S-cll (PN)81
S-cl 2 & PP 2 & S-cl 2 (cont.) & PP 3 & PP 4 &,NP 2 & VP 2 &
S-cl 3 (D0) & S-cl 4 &‘PP 5. This is compound-complex and used
for narration and dialogue.
D N (S) &.Vi T(Past), Av, & P D Aj N: &LNP (S) & be T(Past) & P
N &;AV'R.Np Vt T(Past), & C RflNp be T(Past) & ”P” Np & P, Av, &
PDN81PN81RMT(Past)'n0t81PDN&VtDN'sN81PAjN.
NP181VP1&PP181NP281VP281PP281R~C11(PN)81R—c12
(PN)81PP381R-c12(cont.)81PP481PP581R-c1381PP681
R-cl 3 (cont.) &.PP 7. This is compound—complex and used for
narration.
Np (S) & have T(Past) Vte—en &,D N (DO), & Av S Np Vi T(Past) &

CPRNpMT(Past)Vt,81DNCDN (0C). NP181VP181NP281

261

(52) (cont.) S-cl l & R-cl 1 & NP 2 (cont.). This is complex and
used for narration.

(53) Expl & be T(Past) &.N (S) D & P D Aj N-N, &.C P N, &,P N-—!
Ex 1 &.VP 1 &‘NP 1 & PP 1 & PP 2 & PP 3. This is simple and
used for narration.

(54) C Np (S) 81 be T(Past) Av 81 S (de1)N N Vt T(Past) Np Av. NP 1
&.VP 1 & S-cl 1 (PN). This is complex and used for narration.

(55) ”P N &.Np (S) & 'be T(Pres) t0 Vt D Aj D N & P D N—N & S,Vi~ing
81 P N 81 P p AjHAj N, & Np M T(Pres) Vt 81 P D N 81 to be Aj Av:-
PP 1 & NP 1 & VP 1 & PP 2 & S~C1 1 & PP 3 & PP 4 & S~Cl 1
(cont.) & PP 5 & S~c1 1 (cont.). This is complex and used for
dialogue.

(56) D N (S) & have T(Past) & P Np, & P D N, & D Aj Aj N (DO) & P R
Np Vt T(Past) D D N Vi~en3 & D N (DO) &.P N N C R Vi T(Past),
Av, & P Np's have-ing Q Aj N-—& not, & P D Aj N & P R.Np Vt
T(Past) D N, 81 P D N & P "N," 8. Vi T(Past) 81 P D N a P N, 11 P
Np's Av have~ing Np. NP 1 & VP 1 8 PP l & PP 2 & NP 2 & R~cl 1
& NP 3 & PP 3 & R~21 2 & PP 4 & R~;1 2 (:cnt.) & PP 5 & R~;1 5
& PP 6 & PP 7 & R~cl 3 (cont.) & PP 8 8 PP 9 & PP 10. This 15
complex and used for reflection.

(57) Expl & be T(Past) & Aj (PN) & P Np & P D D N & to be Aj (S) & R
& S Np have T(Past) Viwen, & P D A] N, “& Excl & Excl; & Av, Av,
81 Np (S) 81 M T(Pres) Vt 81 Np (DO)? 81 D N M T(Past) Av Vtg Np N.
Ex181VP181NP181PP 181PP281NP281R~C1181S-C1181
PP 3 & Ex 2 & Ex 3 & VP 2 & NP 3 & VP 2 (cont.) & NP 4 & R~c1 1.

This is compounducomplex and used for reflection and dialogue.

262

(58) Np (S) 81 Vt T(Past) 81 S 81 Av S Av D N be T(Past) to Vi & P Np 81

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P D D N 81 Np M T(Past) Av Vt D Np; 81 C Np (S) 81 Vi T(Past), Av,
81 S Np Vi T(Past) C Vi T(Past), 81 P D N 81 P D N 81 R (del) Np be

T(Past) Av Vt-ing, 81 P (del) D Aj N 81 R (del) Np Vt T(Past) Np

Vt. NP 1 &‘VP 1 & S-cl 1 (DO) & S-cl 2 &.PP 1 & PP 2 & S-cl 1

(cont.) &zNP 2 & VP 2 & S-cl 3 & PP 3 & PP 4 & R~c1 1 & PP~5 &
R-cl 2. This is compound-complex and used for narration.

Np (S)81Vi T(Past)81PDN &PN81R(de1)Np Vt T(Past)81P
Np,81PDAjN&PDN,81P(de1)D(de1)AjN81PDN,81P
(de1)D(del)AjN,&PDN,&PDAjAj-AjN81PDAjAjN,81
RVtT(Past)DN&PDN81PDN;81P(de1)DDN81PDN81PN
81 R DN Vt T(Past), 81 P (de1)D N & P Q Aj N, Vt—ing D N's, D
Np81Rhave T(Past) Vi-enAv,81CP(del)DAjN&PDAj-Aj N,
Aj & P D D‘N &.P Aj N. NP 1 &'VP 1 &.PP 1 &,PP 2 & R-cl 1 &
PP381PP481PP581PP681PP781PP881PP981PP1081PP11
&PP1281PP1381R-c12&PP1481PP1581PP1681PP1781
PP1881R~cl381PP 1981PP 20&R-c1481PP 2181PP 2281PP 23
& PP 24. This is complex and used for narration.

Np (S) 81 Vi T(Past) 81 P Np; 81 Np (S) 81 be T(Past) 81 D N (PN) 81
R Vi T(Past) Av 81 C R Av M T(Past)'not Vi. NP 1 & VP 1 81 PP l
81NP281VP281NP3&R-=c1181R~=-c12. This is compound-
complex and used for narration and exposition.

Np (S) 81 Vt T(Past) Av Av 81 D N (D0) 81 P N; 81Np (8)81 M T(Past)
Vi, 81 Np (S) 81 M T(Past) Vi, 81 P N &Np (S) 81 M T(Past) Vi, 81 P
Vt-inng. NP1&VP181NP281PP1&NP381VP281NP481
VP381PP281NP581VP481PP 3. This is compound and used

for reflection.

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263
Av 81 P D N 81 Np (S) 81 Vi T(Past) D Q Av 81 S Np have T(Past)
Vi-en D. VP 1 &,PP 1 &.NP 1 & VP 1 & S-cl 1. This is complex
and used for narration.
"C Av Av M T(Pres) 81Np (S) 81 Vi?" VP 1 &NP 1 81 VP 1(cont.).
This is simple and used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 81 M T(Pres) Av, 81 P N, 81 Vt 81 to Vi Av (D0)." NP 1 81
VP1 81 PP 1 81 VP 1 (cont.) &NP 2. This is simple and used for
dialogue.
Np (S) 81 Av Av Vt T(Past) 81 Np (DO) 81 Av, 81 C Np (S) 81 be
T(Past)'not 81 R Np have T(Past) be-en Vt-ing, 81 P N 81 P D N
81PDN. NP 1 &VP 1 81NP 281VP 1 (cont.)81NP 3 &VP 281
R-cl 1 (PN) & PP 1 81 PP 2 81 PP 3. This is compound-complex
and used for narration.
"Np (S) 81 Vt T(Pres) 81 8 (del) Np M T(Pres) Vt to Vi Av 81 P D N
& P Np?" NP 1 & VP 1 & S-cl 1 (D0) &LPP 1 &.PP 2. This is
complex and used for dialogue.
"Excl, 81 Np (8) (del) & M (del) T(Pres) (del) 81 P D D Nwt“
Ex 1 &NP 1 &VP 1 81 PP 1. This is simple and used for
dialogue.
C, Q.Av, &.Np (S) & have T(Past) & Q Aj N (D0) to Vt QIAj D N,
&CNp (S)81be T(Past)Av&DN (PN) 81PDN 81R (de1)NpM
T(Past)'not Vi. VP 1 81 NP 1 81 VP 1 (cont.) &NP 2 &NP 3 81
81 VP 2 81 NP 4 81 PP l 81 R—cl 1. This is compound-complex and
used for exposition.
Av M T(Past) 81 Np (S)--& P D N—-& Vi 81 P Np Np's ”Vte-ing" to Vi
81P N N? VP 1 &NP 1 &PP 1 &VP 1(cont.)81PP 2 &PP 3.

This is simple and used for reflection.

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264
"Excl," 81 Np (S) 81 Vi T(Past), "81 Np (S) 81 M T(Past) have Vi-en
Av (81 S Np have T(Past) D N Av & P N); 81 Np (S) 81 M T(Past)
havth-en AvAv &DDN (D0)." Ex 1 &NP 1 &VP 1 &NP 2 81
VP 2 81 S-cl l 81 PP l &NP 3 &VP 3 &NP 4. This is compound—
complex and used for dialogue.
"Av 81 Np (S) & M T(Past) have be-en 81 Aj (PN) Q-a-81 C, S (del)
Np Vt T(Pres) to (del) Vi, 81 Np (S) (del) 81 M (del) T(Past)
(del) have (del) be-en (del) 81 ’Aj' (PN) Q." VP 1 & NP 1 81
VP 1 (cont.) &NP 2 81 S—cl l &NP 3 &VP 2 &NP 4. This is
compound-complex and used for dialogue.
"C Np (S) 81 'be T(Pres) 81 D N (PN)." NP 1 81 VP 1 81 NP 2. This
is simple and used for dialogue.
"C Av 81 D N (S) 81 P Np--81 Np (S) 81 Vt T(Pres) 81 D (de1)N (D0)
(de1)81P DN, 81 P DN to Vi 81 P D 'N'--& be T(Pres) Av 81 P D
AjN 81PDN." VP 1 81NP 181PP 181NP 281VP 281NP381PP 2
& PP 3 81 PP 4 81 VP 1 (cont.) 81 PP 5 81 PP 6. This is compound
and used for dialogue.
"M T(Pres)'not 81Np (S) & Vt 81 S 81 S Np have T(Past) D N 81 P D
N 81P N 81NpM T(Past) w to beDDN; CM T(Past) Av be AvD
N &PN?" VP 1 &NP 1 &VP 1(cont.)81S-c1 1 (DO)81S-cl 2 81
PP l 81 PP 2 81 S-cl l 81 PP 3. This is complex and used for
dialogue.
"Expl 81 be T(Pres) & D N (S) 81 Av 81 EN (del) 81 P N." Ex 1 81
VP 1 &NP 1 81 VP 1 (cont.) & PP 1 &PP 2. This is simple and
used for dialogue.
"Np (S) (del) 81 Vt T(Pres) 81 Np (DO) 81 Av & have Np Av—-not D N

81P Np." NP 1 &VP 1 81NP 281VP 1 (cont.) &NP 2 (cont.) 81

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265
(cont.) PP 1. This is simple and used for dialogue.
Np (S)&beTCPast)Av81PDN&Av81PN, &CPSNpVi
T(Past) & D N (S) & be T(Past) & Aj (PN), &.P D Aj N, &.P D
AjAjAjN,&PDQAjN81PAjN81PN. NP181VP181PP1
&VP 1(cont.)81PP 281S-c1 181NP281VP 281NP 381PP381
PP 4 81 PP 5 & PP 6 81 PP 7. This is compound~complex and used
for narration and exposition.
D N (S) &‘Vi T(Past) Av &,P D‘N & C Vt T(Past) & DINp (DO) & P
(de1)DN. NP 181VP 181PP 181VP l(cont.)81NP281PP 2.
This is simple and used for narration.
"Be T(Pres) 81Np (S) 81 Q Aj (PN) 81 R (del) D 'N' & P Np M
T(Pres)'not, Q Av, Vi—~?" VP 1 &NP 1 81 NP 2 81 R-cl 1 81 PP 1
& R-cl 1 (cont.). This is complex and used for dialogue.
Np (S) & have T(Past) & D Aj N (DO) & P Vl-ing Aj. NP 1 & VP 1
81 NP 2 81 PP 1. This is simple and used for narration.
C‘Np (S) & be T(Past) & Q Aj (PN) &.S Np be T(Past) Av to Vi.
NP 1 & VP 1 81NP 2 & S—cl 1. This is complex and used for
narration.
C Np (S) 81 Vt T(Past) 81 N (D0), 81 S (del) Np Vi T(Past), 81 P D
N C D'N: "& Excl & Excl~-& P'N & D N (S) & M T(Pres) Vi & P Npi”
NP181VP1&NP281S-c1181PP 181Exl81Ex281PP281NP3
&‘VP 2 & PP 3. This is compounducomplex and used for narration
and dialogue.
"Np (S) &.M T(Past) be & Aj (PN) &.P Np &.S Np M T(Past)'not.”
NP 1 &VP 1 &NP 2 81 PP l 81 S~cl 1. This is complex and used

for dialogue.

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266
"Aj N N (S) 81 'be T(Pres) 81 Aj (PN), 81 C Np (S) 81 'be T(Pres)
81 S Np have T(Pres)'not Vtaen Np to Vt Aj C Vi Av." NP 1 81
VP 1 &NP 2 &NP 3 81 VP 2 81 S-cl 1(PN). This is compound-
complex and used for dialogue.
N N's N (S) 81 Av Vt T(Past) 81Np (DO), 81 C N (S) 81 R (del) Np
M T(Past)'not Vt, 81 S (del) Np be T(Past) Aj, 81 Vi T(Past) C Vi
T(Past)&PDN. NP 1 &VP 1 &NP 2 81NP 381R-c1 l 81S-—cl l &
VP 2 & PP 1. This is compound-complex and used for narration.
Np (S) 81M T(Past) Av &P DN, 81P Av 81P D AjN, 81 have Vt-en
& DIN (D0) AV'Vi-ing. NP 1 & VP 1 &.PP 1 &.PP 2 & PP 3 & VP 1
(cont.) & NP 2. This is simple and used for reflection.
Vi-en 81P DN-N 81P DAj N, 81Np (8) 81Ath T(Past) &PNp 81Q
Av81DN (DO) Aj 81PDN 81PDN 81P D "Aj"AjN. NP 1 &PP 1
&PP 2 &NP 1 (cont.) &VP 1 &PP 3 &VP 1 (cont.) &NP 2 81
PP 4 81 PP 5 81 PP 6. This is simple and used for reflection.
C R D N M T(Pres) have be-en 81 Np (S) 81 Vt T(Past) Av 81 D Aj N
(DO). R-cl l 81 NP 1 81 VP 1 81 NP 2. This is complex and used
for narration.
"Excl, 81 Excl 81 Np (S) 81 be T(Past) Av Viuen C Vimen Avuui‘”
Ex 1 81 Ex 2 81 NP 1 81 VP 1. This is simple and used for
dialogue.
Np (S) 81 Vi T(Past) to Vt 81 S 81 P N 81 P Np's beming Av Vi~en 81
NpMT(Past) have be-enD QAvVi-en 81P DN 81PDN. NP 1 81
VP 181S-c1 1 &PP 1 &PP 281S~cl l (cont.)81PP 381PP 4.
This is complex and used for reflection.
CNp (S) 81Vi T(Past) Av81P DN, &AvAv tthDN &PNp, 81C

P (del) D Aj N 81 Np (S) 81 have T(Past) Vt-en 81 D N-N (DO) 81 C

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(cont.) be T(Past) Vi-ing 81 P Np 81 P D N. NP 1 81 VP 1 81 PP l 81
VP 1(cont.)81PP 281PP 3 81NP 2&VP 281NP 381VP 2 (cont.)
81 PP 4 81 PP 5. This is compound and used for narration.
Np (S) 81 Vt T(Past) 81 D N (DO) 81 C, S Np Vt T(Past) D N, Vi-ing
AvCAv, &Np (S) 81Vt T(Past) Av81DAvAjN (DO) &PDN, 81R
Vt T(Past) Np 81PDN &PDAjN 81PDN &PDNVi-ing81PD
AjN. NP181VP181NP281S-cl 1&NP381VP281NP481PP 1
81 R-cl 1 &PP 2 81 PP 3 81 PP 4 &PP 5 81 PP 6. This is compound-
complex and used for narration.
C Np (S) & Vt T(Past) 81 S Np Vi T(Past) 81 P D N 81 D Aj N (DO) 81
PDN. NP 181VP 1 &S-cl 181PP 181NP 281PP 2. This is
complex and used for narration.
"P Np 81Np (S) 81 _b_e T(Pres) Vi-en Av.” PP 1 &NP 1 81 VP 1.
This is simple and used for dialogue.
"P Np 81Np (S) 81 be T(Pres) Vi-en." PP 1 &NP 1 81 VP 1. This
is simple and used for dialogue.
P Np 81 Expl 81 be T(Past) 81 Aj (PN) 81 P Np 81 to Vt “Excl Excll”
QAvCAv (S); &SDN CDAjN, tthN 81PDN, &PN, &have
T(Past) Vt~enDN CVt-enDN Av. PP 1 &Ex 1 &VP 1 &NP 1 81
PP 2 &NP 2 81 S-c1 1 &PP 3 81 PP 4 81 Sad 1 (cont.). This is
complex and used for narration.
Np (S) &Vl T(Past), 81P DN, &AjN (PN). NP 1 &VP 1 &PP 1
81 NP 2. This is simple and used for exposition.

Exp181beT(Past)Av81PNp81S, 81PDN Aj81PNp81Av, 81Np

have T(Past) Vt-en D N 81 P D Q Aj N--81 P D N 81 R (del) Np Vt

T(Past)--&PDN81PNN. Ex181VP 1&PP1818—c1 1 (3)81

PP 2 & PP 3 & PP 2 (cont.) & S~c1 1 (cont.) & PP 4 & PP 5 &

268

(98) (cont.) & R-cl l & PP 6 & PP 7. This is complex and used for
narration.

(99) Np (S) & have T(Past) Vi~en & P Np &,P N &,R be T(Past) Av Aj,
& C P P D N & P Np's "Vi-ing" (Vi-ing D Aj C D Aj & P Np Av) &
Np (S) & be T(Past) Av Vi-en Av &.P D N &,P N. NP 1 & VP 1 &
PP 1 & PP 2 & R-cl 1 & PP 3 & PP 4 & PP 5 &,NP 2 & VP 2 & PP 6
& PP 7. This is compound—complex and used for narration.

(100) Np (S) & be T(Past) & Aj Aj N (PN), &.C Np (S) & be T(Past) Av,
&SNpViT(Past),81DAjN(PN). NP181VP181NP281NP381
VP 2 & S-cl l &.NP 4. This is compound-complex and used for
exposition.

(101) Np (S)&Vt T(Past)&DN (DO) Vi Av81PDN &PRNp AvM
T(Past) have be-en, &.S Np M T(Past) have Vt-en D N C "Vi-en
Av," &.S Np have T(Past) not Av, & P D N, & Vt-en Np Av. NP 1
&WVP 1 & NP 2 & PP 1 & R-cl 1 & S-cl 1 & S-cl 2 & PP 2 & S-cl 2 -1
(cont.). This is complex and used for narration.

(102) CVi-ing81PDAjN81PDN&PNp81PDAjN--81RAth
T(Past) Av, D N, D N & P Q Av Vi—inga-& Np (S) & Vt T(Past)
81DN(DO)81AV81PDDN &PN,81P(de1)DDAjN. NP181
PP181PP281PP381PP481R~C1181PP581NP181VP181NP2
&.VP 1 (cont.) & PP 6 & PP 7 & PP 8. This is complex and used
for narration.

(103) “Np (DO) &.M T(Past) & Np (S) & have Vt-en & P Np, &.Np (DO) &
MT(Past)81Np (S)&havth—en81PNp?" NP181VP181NP281
VP1(cont.)81PP181NP381VP281NP481VP2(cont.)81PP2.

This is compound and used for dialogue.

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269
"Np (S) &‘Vi T(Pres).Av Vi-ing, Q Av; &.S S‘Np M T(Past) Av
Vi!" NP 1 & VP 1 & S-cl 1. This is complex and used for
dialogue.
"Np (S) & Vt T(Pres) &.R Np have T(Pres) Vt-en &.P N &.P Np, &
P (del) Np & R (del) Np Vt T(Pres), & C Expl & Av Vi T(Pres) &
PNp, 81PDN &PN, &SNpMT(Past) havth-ean81PNp81
Av." NP 1 & VP 1 & Rucl 1 (DO) & PP 1 & PP 2 & PP 3 & R-cl 2
& Ex 1 & VP 2 & PP 4 & PP 5 & PP 6 & S-cl 1 (S) & PP 7 &
S-cl 1 (cont.). This is compound-complex and used for
dialogue.
"C Np (S) &,M T(Pres)'not Vt Av &.Np_(DO), & C D N (S) & P Np,
&DAjN(S)81PNAvtobeAj, 81Vt T(Pres)Av81RNp Vt
T(Pres) to have Vi-en, Av C Av, & P Vi-ing Aj, & P N, & to Vt
DAjNAj." NP181VP 181NP 281NP381PP 1&NP481PP281
VP 2 & R-cl 1 (DO) &.PP 3 & PP 4 & PP 3 (cont.). This is
compound-complex and used for dialogue.
"Np (S) & 'have T(Pres) beuen & Aj (PN), &INp (S) & 'have
T(Pres) Vt-en &LNP (D0)—-& Np (S) & 'have T(Pres) Av Vtwen &
RbeT(Past)81PDN." NP 181VP 181NP281NP381VP 281
NP 4 & NP 5 &‘VP 3 & R~cl 1 (DO) & PP 1. This is compound-
complex and used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 81MT(Pres) &PN 81Vt 81 S (de1)Np'be T(Pres) DN--»!""‘
NP 1 & VP 1 & PP 1 & VP 1 (cont.) & S~cl 1 (DO). This is
complex and used for dialogue.
"Np (S) & M T(Pres)'not Vt & S (del) Np'be T(Pres) D N,” &.N N
(S) &:Av Vi T(Past). NP 1 & VP 1 & S-cl 1 (DO) &HNP 2 & VP 2.

This is compound-complex and used for dialogue and narration.

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270
Np (S)&beT(Past)Vi-en 81PDN,81CPNp, &PDN81CAj,
Np (S)&ViT(Past)AvCAv81PDN81PDN81CDAjCAjN,
&PDAjN-N,81PDAjAjAjN81PDN-N. NP181VP181PP1
&PP281PP381NP281VP281PP4&PP581PP4(cont.)81
PP 6 & PP 7 & PP 8. This is compound and used for narration.
DN (S) 81Vt T(Past) 81Np (1)0) 81PDN 81Vi &PNp &Av. NP 1
&VP 1 &NP 2 &PP 1 &NP 2 (cont.)81PP 2 &NP 2 (cont.).
This is simple and used for narration.
”Np (s) 81 M T(Past)'not Vi 81 S Np M T(Past)!" 81 Np (S) & Vi
T(Past), Av; "81 C Np (S) & 'be T(Pres) Av 81 D N (PN), & P DN,
81 P DN 81 R (del) Np Av Vt T(Pres)." NP 1 81 VP 1 81 S-cl 1 81
NP 2 & VP 2 &JNP 3 & VP 3 &.NP 4 & PP 1 & PP 2 & R-cl 1. This
is compound-complex and used for dialogue.
"119;: to have Vt-en D Aj Aj N-_-C Av 81P DN &P DN”s N, 81 S Np
M T(Pres) Vi; 81 not to have Vt—en Np Av Av, ’81 P Av,’ 81 P D N
&PNp,81PDNCDN;81not,81P N,81tohavth-ean, to
havth-ean,QAv, Vtuean,DN,81PDDAjN81PDDN: 81
D N (S) 81 P Np, 81 S (del) Np Vi T(Pres), 81 M T(Pres) have
Vt-en & D Aj N (D0) &.P D‘N & C P D 'N.’" NP 1 & PP 1 & PP 2
&S-cl 1&NP1(cont.)81PP381PP4&PP581PP 681NP1
(cont.)81PP 7 &NP 1 (cont.) 81 PP 8 81 PP 9 &NP 1 (cont.) &
PP 10 81 S-cl 2 & VP 1 &NP 2 81 PP ll 81 PP 12. This is complex

and used for dialogue.

"Np (S) 81 M T(Past) have Vi-en Av--& S Np have T(Past) be-en
Aj; 81 C Np (S) 81 be T(Past) 81 Q Aj (PN), 81 P Np, 81 to Vt, 81
1:211, 81 SNp be T(Past) Aj." NP 1 &VP 1 81 S-cl 1 &NP 2 81

VP 2 &NP 3 &PP 1 &NP 3 (cont.) 81PP 2 81S-cl 2. This is

271

(114) (cont.) compound-complex and used for dialogue.

(115) "S Np have T(Past) Vi—en & Np (S) & M T(Past) have Vt~en & S
(del) Np be T(Past), & C Av &INp (S) & M T(Past) have be-en,
& P Vi-ing Av, &zN (PN) Aj & P Np & P D N & R have T(Pres)
be~en Vi-en Q Av C Vl-en Q Aj &,P D N." S-cl l &JNP 1 & VP 1
&S-«cl2(DO)81VP281NP 281VP2(cont.)81PP 181NP381
PP 2 & PP 3 & R-cl l & PP 4. This is compound—complex and
used for dialogue.

(116) "Np (S) & be T(Pres)'not & S Np Vt T(Pres) Np Q Av~-&,D N (S)
81PDN81PNp,&CPDN,&PNp81PDAjN-N,81Aj81PDN81
PNp, &have T(Pres)&N (D0) to Vi 81PDN: 81Np (S) 81 'be
T(Pres) Av &,D N (PN) & P D Aj, C Av Aj, N & P D D N &.R (del)
Np M T(Pres)'not have Vi-en.” NP 1 & VP 1 & S~c1 1 (PN) &
NP2&PP181PP281PP3&PP481PP581PP3(cont.)81PP 6
&PP781VP281NP381PP881NP481VP381NP581PP981
PP 10 & R-cl 1. This is compoundwcomplex and used for
dialogue.

(117) "Expl & Vi T(Pres) & P Np &,S Np have T(Past) Av D Aj §.§.AV
Av Av &.P Np, & S D Aj—Aj N be T(Pres) & P D Aj Aj N, & C S‘Np
Av Vt T(Past)DN, 81S (del) Np Av Vt T(Past) Np 81PDN, 81R
Vt T(Past) Np Av C Av." Ex 1 & VP 1 &.PP l & S-cl l (S) &
PP 2 & S~c1 2 & PP 3 & Sucl 3 (S) & S~cl 4 (S) & PP 4 & R~c1 1.
This is complex and used for dialogue.

(118) "C Np (S) & Vi T(Pres) &,P D N," &;N N (S) & Vi T(Past). NP 1
& VP 1 & PP l & NP 2 &,VP 2. This is compound and used for

dialogue.

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272
"Av Vi T(Pres) 81 Np (S), 81 S Np Vt T(Pres) to Vi; 81 C Av & Np

(S) 81 'have T(Pres) be-en Vi-ing Av." VP 1 81 NP 1 81 S-c1 l 81

VP 2 81 NP 2 81 VP 2 (cont.). This is compound-complex and used

for dialogue.
"Np (S) 81 Vi T(Pres) 81 P D N," 81 Np (S) 81 Vi T(Past), 81 "Np

(S) 81 Vt T(Pres) 81 8 (del) Np M T(Past) have be-en Q Aj, Q Aj

_C Aj." NP 1 & VP 1 & PP 1 &LNP 2 & VP 2 &.NP 3 & VP 3 &

S-cl 1 (DO). This is compound-complex and used for dialogue.
"Np (S) (del) 81 M (del) T(Past) (del) have (del) be-en (del) 81
Aj (PN) 81 P N!" 81 D N (S) & Vi T(Past); "81 C Np (S) 81 Vt
T(Pres), 81 P D Aj N, 81 S (del) Np (del) M (del) T(Past) (del)
have (del) be-en (del) Q Aj C Aj." NP 1 81 VP 1 &NP 2 81 PP l
81NP 381VP 281NP 481VP 381PP 281S-c1 1(DO). This is
compound-complex and used for dialogue.

"Np (S) 81 M T(Pres)'not Vt 81 Np (D0)," 81 Np (S) 81 Vi T(Past);
"81 S Np Vi T(Past) 81 Np (S) 81 M T(Past)'not Vi.” NP 1 81 VP 1
&NP 2 &NP 3 &VP 2 818-111 1 &NP 4 &VP 3. This is
compound—complex and used for dialogue.

"Np (S) 81 'M T(Past) Vi, 81 C Np (3)81 M T(Past) be 81 Aj (PN) 81

PNp." NP181VP181NP281VP 281NP 381PP 1. This is

compound and used for dialogue.

"R Np Vt T(Pres)-«81 C R Np Vt T(Pres) 81 I: Np~-—81 be T(Pres) 81 S
Np'M T(Past) have have-en N." R-cl 1 (S) 81 R-cl 2 (S) 81 PP 1
81 VP 1 81 S-cl 1 (PN). This is complex and used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 81 'M T(Past) have Vt-en 81 Np (DO) 81 Av?" 81 Np (S) 81 Vi
T(Past). NP 1 &VP 1 &NP 2 &VP 1(cont.)81NP 3 &VP 2.

This is compound and used for dialogue.

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273
Np (S) 81 Av Vt T(Past) 81N (DO). NP 1 81 VP 1 &NP 2. This is
simple and used for narration.
"Av M T(Past) 81 Np (S) 81 not have Vt-en 81 Np (D0)?“ VP 1 81
NP 1 81 VP 1 (cont.) 81 NP 2. This is simple and used for
dialogue.
"Np (S) & Vi T(Pres)." NP 1 & VP 1. This is simple and used
for dialogue.
"Np (S) 81 'M T(Past) have Vte-en 81 Np (DO), 81 have Vte-en 81 Np
(DO), DN (0C)'." NP 1 &VP 1 &NP 2 &VP 1 (cont.) &NP 2
(cont.). This is simple and used for dialogue.
"Av M T(Past) 81 Np (S) 81 not have Vt-en 81 Np (D0)?" 81 Np (S) 81
Av Av Vi T(Past). VP 1 &NP 1 &VP 1 (cont.) &NP 2 &NP 3 &
VP 2. This is compound and used for dialogue.
Np (8)81 Vi T(Past) 81 P Np 81 Av---& D N (S) 81 Vt T(Past) 81 Np
(DO) &,Av; NP 1 & VP 1 &,PP l & VP 1 (cont.) &fiNP 2 & VP 2 &
NP 3 81 VP 2 (cont.). This is compound and used for narration.
Np (S) & Vt T(Past) 81 Np (D0) 81 Av, 81 Q Aj (S) 81 Expl 81 be
T(Past)81 P Np; 81 C Av 81 Np's not Av Vte-ing Np (S) 81 Vi
T(Past) &.P Np. NP 1 & VP 1 &;NP 2 & VP 1 (cont.) &LNP 3 &
Ex 1 &.VP 2 & PP 1 &‘VP 3 &,NP 4 & VP 3 (cont.) & PP 2. This
is compound and used for narration.

"Np (S) 81 Vt T(Pres) 81 P N 81 R Np be T(Pres)," 81 Np (S) 81 Av

,‘Vi T(Past).Av; "& D D'N (S) & P D N & 'be T(Pres) & Aj (PN) Q."

This is compound-complex and used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 81 'have T(Pres) not be-en 81 Aj (PN )--81 Np (S) 81 Vt
T(Pres) 81 S (del) Np'be T(Pres) Vi-en 81 P D D N 81 to have

be-enAvAj." NP 181VP 181NP 281NP 381VP 281S~c1 1(DO)

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(138)

(139)

(140)

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274
(cont.) & PP l & S-cl 1 (cont.). This is compound-complex and
used for dialogue.
"Np (S) &.‘have T(Pres) Vt-en & Aj N (DO) &.C Vt-en & Aj N
(DO); & Expl &,M TTPres) have Vi-en & P Np &.Av C Av--&.P N
81Np (S) 81 'have T(Pres) Vt-en 81 P Np 81 D Np (DO)--81 S Np be
T(Past) Vt-ing, & P DIN & P (del) D D'N, & D Aj Aj Aj N."
NP181VP 181NP281VP1(cont.)&NP381Exl81VP281PP 1
&‘VP 2 (cont.) & PP 2 &LNP 4 &,VP 3 & PP 3 &;NP 5 & S-cl 1 (S)
& PP 4 & PP 5 & S-cl 1 (cont.). This is compound-complex and
used for dialogue.
"C Np (S) 81 Vt T(Pres) 81 R Np have T(Pres) Vt-en 81 P Np."
NP 1 &‘VP 1 & R-cl 1 (DO) & PP 1. This is complex and used
for dialogue.
Np (S) 81 Av Vi T(Past), 81 Vi-ing 81 P Np. NP 1 81 VP 1 81 NP 1
(cont.) & PP 1. This is simple and used for narration. .
"Np (S) 81 Vt T(Pres) 81 R Np have T(Pres) Vt-en 81 P lip." NP 1
&‘VP 1 & R-cl 1 (DO) & PP 1. This is complex and used for
dialogue.
"Excl &sz (S) & 'be T(Pres) & DIN (PN) &.R.N M T(Pres) have
Vt-en." Ex 1 8:NP 1 & VP 1 8:NP 2 & R-cl 1. This is complex
and used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 81 be T(Past) Vi-en to be 81 R Np be T(Pres), Av, Av: &
Np (S) & 'have T(Pres) & DIN (DO) & R (del) N D M T(Past) have
Vi-en." NP 1 & VP 1 & R-cl 1 &XNP 2 &.VP 2 &‘NP 3 & R-cl 2.
This is compound-complex and used for dialogue.
"C M T(Pres)'not &er (S) & Vt & S, &.P D N, &:Np M T(Past)

'not have be-en Vi-ing & P Av--?" VP 1 &:NP 1 & VP 1 (cont.)

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(145)

(146)

(147)

(148)

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275
(cont.) & S-cl 1 (D0) & PP 1 & S—cl 1 (cont.) & PP 2. This is
complex and used for dialogue.
C Np (8) &‘Vi T(Past) Av & P D Aj N. NP 1 &‘VP 1 & PP 1.
This is simple and used for narration.
"D Aj N (S) to Vi," 81 Np (S) 81 Av Vi T(Past), ”81 Vi T(Pres) 81
P Np & to be & S Np have T(Pres) Vt-en.N." NP 1 &.NP 2 & VP 1
&‘VP 2 & PP 1 & VP 2 (cont.) & S-cl 1. This is compound-
complex and used for dialogue.
”Np (S) & have T(Pres)'not Vt~en & Np's be-ing Av (D0) & P N.“
NP 1 & VP 1 & NP 2 &.PP 1. This is simple and used for
dialogue.
"Np (S) & have T(Pres)'not Vt-en &;Np (D0)." NP 1 & VP 1 &
NP 2. This is simple and used for dialogue.
"Np (S) & have T(Pres)'not Vtwen & Np's Vi-ing (DO)-—" NP 1 &
VP 1 & NP 2. This is simple and used for dialogue.
Np (S) & Av Av Vi T(Past)° NP 1 & VP 1. This is simple and
used for narration.
Np (S) & Vi T(Past) 81 P N 81 R (del) D Aj N M T(Past) Vi. NP 1
&‘VP 1 &.PP 1 & R~c1 1. This is complex and used for
narration.
"M T(Pres) 81 Np (S) 81 Vt Avm-Q Avie-~81 S Np 1e T(Pres) Q Aj 81 S

Np M T(Past) Av have be-en?” VP 1 &LNP 1 & VP 1 (cont.) &

vS-cl 1 (DO) & S-cl 2. This is complex and used for dialogue.

"Excl & Excll &flNp (S) (del) &.M (del) T(Pres) (del) not (del)
Vt (de1)81Np (DO) (de1)." Ex 1 81 Ex 2 &NP 1 81 VP 1 &NP 2.

This is simple and used for dialogue.

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276
"Np (S) (del) & be (del) T(Pres) (del) Av & P Np!“ NP 1 &
VP 1 & PP 1. This is simple and used for dialogue.
P Np 81 Np (S) 81 Vi T(Past) Av 81 P D N 81 C be T(Past) Av 81 P Np.
PP l &NP 1 &VP 1 &PP 281VP 1 (cont.)81PP 3. This is
simple and used for narration.
"C Np (S) 81 M T(Pres)'not Vi," 81 Np (S) & Vi T(Past). NP 1 81
VP 1 8:NP 2 & VP 2. This is compound and used for dialogue
and narration.
"Np (S) &‘Vt T(Pres) & S (de1)INp'be T(Pres) Aj Q." NP 1 &
VP 1 & S-cl 1 (DO). This is complex and used for dialogue.
Np (S) & Vi T(Past) &‘P (del) D Aj N (del). NP 1 & VP 1 &
PP 1. This is simple and used for narration.
"M T(Pres) 81 Np (S) & Vt 81 Np (D0) 81 S Np Vt T(Pres) Np?“
VP 1 &LNP 1 &‘VP 1 (cont.) &.NP 2 & S-cl 1. This is complex
and used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 81 Vt T(Pres) 81 S (del) M T(Pres) Vt Np Vt D N 81 P Np?”
NP 1 &.VP 1 & Sucl 1 (DO) & PP 1. This is complex and used
for dialogue.
C Av 81 Av Av Vtuing Av 81 P D N 81 S Np Vi T(Past) Av 81 P Np, 81
S‘Np have T(Past) D N & R, Q Aj, Np M T(Past)'not Av Vi Av &
Np (S) (del) 81 Vi (del) T(Past) (del): “81 Excl & Np (S) 81 M
T(Pres)'not Vi Av--C Q Av: &fiNp (S) &;M T(Pres)'not Vi & PINp
&zP Np." VP 1 &zNP l &IPP 1 & S-cl l & PP 2 & S-cl 2 & R~cl 1
&NP 1 (cont.) &VP 1 (cont.) &Ex 1 &NP 2 &VP 281NP 3 81
VP 3 & PP 3 &.PP 4. This is compound—complex and used for

narration and dialogue.

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277
N N (S) & Vt T(Past) &INp (D0)~—& Np (S) & be T(Past) & P N &
RNp have T(Past) Av Vt-en. NP 1 &VP 1 &NP 2 &NP 3 &VP 2
&.PP 1 & R-cl 1 (PN). This is compound-complex and used for
narration.
C Np (S) &.Av Vi T(Past). NP 1 &‘VP 1. This is simple and
used for narration.
"Np (S) & be T(Pres)'not & Np (PN)." NP 1 & VP 1 &LNP 2.
This is simple and used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 81 'be T(Pres) 81 D Q QAv DN (PN)." NP 1 81 VP 1 81
NP 2. This is simple and used for dialogue.
"C Np (S) 81 M T(Pres) Vt 81 to Vt Np (D0)," 81 Np (S) 81 Vi
T(Past). NP 1 & VP 1 &:NP 2 &:NP 3 & VP 2. This is compound
and used for dialogue.
"C Np (S) & M T(Pres).” NP 1 & VP 1. This is simple and used
for dialogue.
"C Np (S) &JM T(Pres).“ NP 1 & VP 1. This is simple and used
for dialogue.
D'N (S) &‘Vi T(Past) & P D N &.S Np Vt T(Past) & P N &.P Np &
S‘Np Vt T(Past) D Aj N. NP 1 & VP 1 & PP l & chl 1 & PP 2 &
PP 3 & S-cl 2. This is complex and used for narration.
C Np (S) 81P Np 81 Av Vt T‘(Past)81Np(D0), 81 C D Aj N (S), 81 P
D Aj N. 81 P (de1)D Aj N, 81 Vt T(Past) 81Np (DO) 81 Q Av 81 P Np
Av, & Vt-ing &.P D Aj N, &.P D'N, &.D N &.R be T(Past) &‘P Aj
N. NP181PP181VP181NP2&NP381PP281PP381VP281
NP 4 &‘VP 2 (cont.) & PP 4 & NP 3 (cont.) & PP 5 &.PP 6 &zNP 3
(cont.) & R—cl l & PP 7. This is compound-complex and used

for narration.

(168)

(169)

(170)

(171)

(172)

(173)

(174)

(175)

(176)

(177)

(178)

278

R.Np Vt T(Past) & Av be T(Past) & Aj (PN). R-cl l (S) & VP 1
& NP 1. This is complex and used for narration.

"Excl, 81 Np (S) 81 'have T(Pres) Vt-en 81 Np (D0)." Ex 1 &NP 1
81 VP 1 81 NP 2. This is simple and used for dialogue.

"Np (S) 81 have (del) T(Pres) (del) Vt—en (del) &Np (DO)
(del)~~?" NP 1 & VP 1 &:NP 2. This is simple and used for
dialogue.

"Np (S) 81 'have T(Pres) Vt-en 81 Np (D0) 81 P D N." NP 1 81 VP 1
&HNP 2 & PP 1. This is simple and used for dialogue.

"Excl 81 Np (S) (del) 81 be (del) T(Past) (del) 81 D 'N' (PN)-w!”
Ex 1 &,NP 1 & VP 1 &JNP 2. This is simple and used for
dialogue.

Np (S) 81Vt T(Past) 81Np (DO) 81 Av. NP 1 &VP 1 &NP 2 81 VP 1
(cont.). This is simple and used for narration.

"C Np (S) (del) 81 Vt (del) T(Past) (del) 81Np (DO) (del) 81 Av
Q," 81Np (S) 81 Vi T(Past). NP 1 81 VP 1 &NP 2 81 VP 1(cont.)
&JNP 3 &.VP 2. This is compound and used for dialogue.

"Np (S) 81 Vt T(Past) 81 Np (DO) 81 S Np Vt T(Pres) Np Av." NP 1
&‘VP 1 &JNP 2 & S-cl 1. This is complex and used for dialogue.
"Np (S) & 'have T(Pres) Vt-en & D Aj N (DO)--?" NP 1 & VP 1 &
NP 2. This is simple and used for dialogue.

"Np (S) (del) 81 Vt (del) T(Past) (del) 81 Np (DO) (del) 81 Av Q,"

&sz (S) &‘Vi T(Past). NP 1 & VP 1 &.NP 2 &‘VP 1 (cont.) &

NP 3 81 VP 2. This is compound and used for dialogue.

"Np (S) (del) 81 be (del) T(Past) (del) 81 D Q Aj N (PN)." NP 1

81 VP 1 81 NP 2. This is simple and used for dialogue.

(179)

(180)

(181)

(182)

(183)

(184)

(185)

(186)

(187)

279
Np (S) 81 M T(Past) Av D Aj Vi 81 P Np, 81 S Np Av Vt T(Past) Np.
NP 1 & VP 1 & PP l & Sucl 1. This is complex and used for
narration.
"Np (S) 81Vi T(Pres)81PNp81P DN?“ NP 1 &VP 1 &PP 1 &
PP 2. This is simple and used for dialogue.
"Excl 81 Np (S) (del) 81 Vi (del) T(Pres) (del) 81 P N21" 81 Np
(8) &‘Vi T(Past). Ex 1 &,NP 1 & VP 1 &.PP 1 &zNP 2 &‘VP 2.
This is compound and used for dialogue and narration.
D N (S) & Av Vt T(Past) &‘Np (DO). ‘NP 1 & VP 1 &.NP 2. This
is simple and used for narration.
"Av 81 Np (S) 81 Vt T(Pres) 81Np (D0) 81 P Np." VP 1 81 NP 1 81
VP 1 (cont.) &LNP 2 & PP 1. This is simple and used for
dialogue.
C S Np Vt T(Past) N D 81 Np (8) (del) 81 Vi (del) T(Past) (del):
"&ch & 'be T(Pres) & D‘N (S) & P?" S-cl l &.NP 1 & VP 1 &
PP 1 & VP 2 &:NP 2 & PP 1 (cont.). This is compounducomplex
and used for narration and dialogue.
Np (S) & Vi T(Past), & C Np (S) & be T(Past) & S S Np be
T(Past) Vte-ing Np Q Av 81 S, Viwing 81 P N 81 P D Np, 81 Np have
T(Past) to Vi Av; NP 1 & VP 1 8:NP 2 & VP 2 & S—cl 1 & Sucl 2
&.PP 1 & PP 2 & Sacl 2 (cont.). This is compound-complex and
used for narration.
"Np (S) & 'M T(Pres) Vt &flNp (DO) & Av!” NP 1 & VP 1 & NP 2 &
VP 1 (cont.). This is simple and used for dialogue.
Expl & be T(Past) & P Np & S Expl be T(Past) Np &,P D N & P Np,
81Np81PDAjN, 81Np81PDAjAjN, &PDAjN81PN81PDN

&CPN81PRNpAvCAthT(Past) tobeDN. Ex181VP181

(187)

(188)

(189)

(190)

280
(cont.) PP 1 & S~c1 1 (S) & PP 2 & PP 3 & S~c1 1 (cont.) &
PP 4 & S-cl 1 (cont.) & PP 5 & PP 6 & PP 7 & PP 8 & PP 9 &
Racl 1. This is complex and used for reflection.
Np (S) & be T(Past) & R & P D N &.Np be T(Past) Viuing P-~& S
Np Av Vt T(Past) Np to Vi Av &,S N N have T(Past) Vi-en & P D
N & C, Vt-ing D Aj N & P N & P N, & Vl-ing Aj & R (del) Np be
T(Past) Aj, & S (del) Np Vt T(Past) Np 81 P Aj N 81 c, & S Np Av
Vt T(Past) Np, & Vt T(Past) Np Vi. NP 1 & VP 1 & R—cl 1 (PN)
& PP 1 & R-cl 1 (cont.) & S~cl l & S~c1 2 & PP 2 & S-cl 3 &
PP 3 & PP 4 & S-cl 3 (cont.) & R—cl 2 & Sucl 3 (cont.) & PP 5
& S-cl 3 (cont.) & S-cl 4 & Sucl 3 (cont.). This is complex
and used for reflection.
Np (S) 81 Av Vi T(Past) Av 31 P D DwD N; 81 D N (S) 31 R (del) Np
Vi T(Past) Av 81 be T(Past) 81Np (PN) 81 P Aj N, 81 P D Aj Aj N;
81 Np (S) 81 be T(Past) 81 D N (PN) 81 P R, Av 0 Av, Np Vt T(Past)
Np Vi—ing Av. NP 1 & VP 1 & PP 1 &fiNP 2 & R-cl 1 & VP 2 &
NP 3 & PP 2 & PP 3 & NP 4 & VP 3 & NP 5 & R-c1 2. This is
compound-complex and used for narration and exposition.
Av 81 Np (8)81 M T(Past), 81 S Np (del) Vi T(Past) 81 P Np, 81 Q
Av Vi T(Pres) C Vi T(Pres), Vi T(Pres) C Vi T(Pres), Vt
T(Pre8)81DAjN (DO),AV81PDNAV81QAj, 81PDN81PDAj
Aj N: &.Np (S) & Vt T(Past) & D AjIN (DO) & CIAV Vt T(Past) &
S (del) Np M T(Past) have Vtmen & P (del) D N &.D Aj Aj N (DO).
VP 1 & NP 1 & VP 1 (cont.) & S—Cl 1 & PP 1 & VP 1 (cont.) &
NP2&PP 281NP 2(Cont.)81PP 381PP 4&NP 381VP 281NP 4
&,VP 2 (cont.) & chl 2 (D0) & PP 5 & S-cl 2 (cont.). This

is compound—complex and used for reflection.

(191)

(192)

(193)

(194)

281
Av-Av Av 81 P N, & C Av 81 P D Aj N--81 Np (S) 81 Vi T(Past) 81 P D
Aj N; 81 Vi-ing Av, Vt-ing Np Av, Vt-ing Np Av, Vi-ing & P N, 81
QAvSNpMT(Past), &PAjN, 81P (de1)N81PN &PN &CPN;
81 P (de1)D Aj Aj N C N, 81 S Np M T(Past) have Vt-en Np, 81 P D
N 81 R (del) Np Vt T(Past) to Vt. VP 1 81 PP l 81 VP 1 (cont.) 81
PP 2 &NP 1 &VP 1 (cont.)81PP 3 81NP 1(cont.)81PP 481
S-cl 181PP 581PP 6&PP 781PP 881PP 981PP 1081S~cl 281
PP ll & R-cl 1. This is complex and used for narration.
Np (S) 81 be T(Past) 81 D N (PN) 81 R (del) Np Vt T(Past) 81 8
(del) Np M T(Past) Av ”Vi" 81 P Vt-ing N; 81 Np (S) & be T(Past)
& P D N & D Aj (PN) & P Np; & Av &CN N (S), & R be T(Past) Av
DN &PN, &MT(Past)'notQAvVi. NP 181VP 1 &NP 2 81
R-Cl 1 & S—cl 1 & PP 1 &.NP 3 & VP 2 & PP 2 & NP 4 & PP 3 &
VP 3 81 NP 5 81 Reel 2 81 PP 4 81 VP 3 (cont.). This is compound-
complex and used for narration.
Np (S) 81 Vt T(Past) 81 Np (D0) 81 Av C Vt T(Past) 81 Np (D0) 81 Av
81PDN &PAjN;81CN(S)81QAth T(Past)&Np (DO) 818, 81
S D Aj Aj ”N” have T(Past) Viuen 81 P N 81 to Vt Np Vi-ing 81 P N,
81 Np have T(Past) Av Av, 81 P D N 81 P D N, be-en Vi—en & P
Vi-ing81PNp. NP 1 &VP 1 81NP 281VP 1 (cont.) 81NP 381
VP 1 (cont.) &'PP 1 & PP 2 &'NP 4 & VP 2 &;NP 5 & S~c1 1 &
S~c1 2 81 PP 3 81 S-cl 2 (cont.)81PP 4 81 S-cl 1 (cont.) 81 PP 5
81 PP 6 81 S-«cl 1 (cont.) 81 PP 7 81 PP 8. This is compound-
complex and used for narration.
Np (S) 81 Vi T(Past) Av 81 P D Aj Aj N, 81 Vi T(Past) Av 81 P D
N's N; 81 Np (S) 81 be T(Past) 81 Q Aj (PN) to Vt Np 81 P Vi-ing

AV & C to Vt D‘N & P D N & C P D‘N. NP 1 & VP 1 & PP 1 &

282

(194) (cont.) & VP 1 (cont.) & PP 2 & NP 2 & VP 2 &:NP 3 &.PP 3 &

NP 3 (cont.) & PP 4 & PP 5. This is compound and used for
narration.

(195) S Np Vt T(Past) D N, & S Np have T(Past)'not be-en Vi-ing Av,
81 Np (S) 81 be T(Past) Av to Vi 81 P D N; 81 C S Np Vt T(Past) D
N, &.S Np have T(Past) Vtuen D N &:P D N & Av, & Np (S) & be
T(Past) Av to Vi & P D N. Sucl l & S~cl 2 &,NP 1 & VP 1 &

PP 1 & S-cl 3 & S—cl 4 &XPP 2 & chl 4 (cont.) &NNP 2 & VP 2 &
PP 3. This is compound-complex and used for exposition.

(196) Np (S) & be T(Past) & Aj (PN) & P N; &:Np (S) & Vi T(Past) C
Vi T(Past): 81 Expl 81 be T(Past) Av Av 81 P D N 81 P D N 81 Np (S)
& R.Vt T(Past) C Vt T(Past), &.D D‘N &:P N. NP 1 & VP 1 &
NP2&PP181NP381VP281Ex181VP381PP281PP381NP481
R-cl 1 &‘NP 5 &.R-c1 2 & R~c1 1 (cont.) &,PP 4. This is
compound-complex and used for exposition.

(197) Np (S) 81 Vi T(Past), Vi T(Past), Vt T(Past), Av 0 Av, 81 Aj N
(D0)-~& Vt T(Past) Av, Q Av & S Np M T(Past), & Aj N (DO) & C
ViT(Past)tthAv81PDN81881PN81PDN,&PDAjN,81R
Np have T(Past) Vi-en P &.P N N &.P Viuing Q Av, & P Np & R M
T(Past) have Vtaen Np, & P N, &:Np be T(Past) Av Av Viuen C
not. NP181VP181NP281VP1(cont.)&S-c1181NP381VP1
(cont.) & PP 1 & Sucl 2 & PP 2 & PP 3 & PP 4 & R~c1 1 & PP 5 &
PP 6 &.PP 7 & R—cl 2 & PP 8 & Smcl 2 (cont.). This is complex
and used for narration.

(198) Np (S) & be T(Past) & D Aj Aj Aj N (PN)~~& C Av &.P N &.R have
T(Past)AvnotDN81PNp. NP181VP181NP281VP1(cont.)

&.PP l & R-cl 1 &.PP 2. This is complex and used for narration.

283

(199) Expl & be T(Past) 81D Aj Aj N (PN), 81DN (S) 81P DN, 81 DN

(200)

(201)

(202)

(S)&PDN--81SSDN&PN81beT(Past)DAjN,Aj81PN81
SNthT(Past)Np,81PDN81PA_,iIi. Ex181VP181NPl81
NP2&PP181NP381PP281S-c1181PP381S-cll(cont.)81
PP 4 & S-cl 2 & PP 5 & PP 6. This is complex and used for
exposition.
Np(S)&VtT(Past)81Np(D0)81Av,&PN,81Av81PDAjN81P
Aj Aj N & C P D D, D Aj N; & P (del) D‘N & R, Q Av & SINp have
T(Past) Vt-en & P Np &.D N & P D Aj NéN, & Vi T(Past) &,P Np,
&PDAjN,&QAv818DAjAjN&PDAjN81VtT(Pres)DN81
PDN'sN. NP181VP181NP281VP1(cont.)&PPl81VPl
(cont.)81PP281PP381PP481PP581R—cl181S-C1181PP681
S-cll(cont.)81PP781Ru-cll(cont.)81PP881PP981R~—cl1
(cont.) & Sucl 2 & PP 10 & S~cl 2 (cont.) & PP 11. This is
complex and used for narration.
Np(S)81AthT(Past)81DAjN(DO)81PDAjN81PDN81PD
Aj N 81P D Aj N, 81P (del) D (del) Aj Aj-C-«Aj N 81 RNp Vt
T(Past) Av Via-en 81 P Np, 81 S Np Av Vi T(Past), 81 P D N 81 P D
AjN81PN. NP181VP181NP281PP181PP281PP381PP481
PP5&R-~Cll81PP6&PP781R-—-C1281PP8&S--c1181PP981
PP 10 & PP 11. This is complex and used for narration and
reflection.
DN(S)&beT(Past)81DAjAjN(PN)81PPDAj-AjNAj81RM
T(Past)ViAv?--—81PDN81PDN,81PDN,81PDAjDN81RM
T(Past) have Vi-en & P N &.S Np not, &.P N C'N, & Vt T(Past)
Np. NP181VP181NP281PP181R~c11&PP281PP381PP481

PP 5 81 R-cl 2 81 PP 6 81 S~c1 1 81 PP 7 81 Sucl 1 (cont.). This

284
.202) :tcnt.) IS (amplex and used for reflection.
7203) P D N 8; Np ,S) 81 V: 1_'Past') A\’ 81 D A1 N 'Du'): 81 Np 5181 Vt.

INPBSL‘) 8: D N DC) 81 Av A.» 81 P UNI-1.8. VIA-dng L N Aw A“. 81 P D N

a P D Aj A] N, D A] A] Aj, Viuen Ax Viwgng 8 P D N a P D Al N

c.

&PDN,PP181NP181VP181NP28NP381VP151NP43
VP 2 '.ont.) & PP z 8 NP 3 {(aHf.) 8 PP 3 8 PP 4 x PP 3 x PP 5
8 PP 7. This 15 Cumpuufid and used for narration apd
F911€u11(fl‘.

’PTM) D Ai N &S) 8 V1 1 Past), 8 S Np be 1 Past), 8 D Al L N B(), a
C D Av A) N (S) 8 P D N 8 be 1 Past) 8 D N PN) 8 A», a D Av
A] A] N (PN) 8 P D A) N, 8 P D D A1 A] A] N. NP 1 a \P l a
S~.118.‘NP 281NP381PP181VP 281NP48V‘P ‘2 «111.18
NP 5 8 PP 2 a PP S, Inis 15 Ltmpc.nd».omplex and .sed fer
reflettltn,

V205) R Np V1 1 Pest) Av 8 P D N N P D A] N 8 be 1 Past) 8 to V: Np
&PN, 8 P D N a P A] N 8 S Np M T Past) Av V1. R 1 1 S: 8
PP 1 V PF 2 x VP 1 8 NP 1 8 PP 5 8 PP . x Sw.1 l. Iw.2 LS
,onplex apd Jetd qu refle,'.un.

(206) Np 'S) a be 1 Past) 8 A] PNo » D D A» A] PN) x . Sp 3) R

1) '1

be I Pdr[)7fikl A“ 8 A] ~PN.: &.P N 8 Np -S) 8 be I Pa5t1qnt' &

S Np have T(Past) Av. NP181 \P181 NP ..1 &NP 5 6. MP .— 8. VP .
&‘NP 5 8 PP 1 N NP 6 8 VP 3 5 51.1 L. 131: 1: “(Dpuuhd'
complex and used for refle Pitt.

(20?) Np (S) 8 be T Past) 8 D N .PN) N P D N»~1 P be I‘PA.1) Ax A] N,
818 Np M T.Pa5t), 8 S Np De 1 Past) 8 P P D‘N a C A. V» ea, 8

C R V: 1 Past) Av D AJ N 8 S S S Np be 1 Part) V1 1 P1:Tj . V;

I(Past), NP 1 8 VP 1 8 NP 2 8 PP 1 & R~21 1 & S«.1 1 8 S--l

b

285

(207) (cont.) & PP 2 & Sucl 2 (cont.) & Rmcl 2 & S-cl 3. This is
complex and used for reflection.

(208) Np (S) 81 Vt T(Past) 81 R Np Vt T(Past) 81 C R Np Vt T(Past); 81
Np (S)&beT(Past)81QAj (PN)81PDN81PDNAJ°81PN81PN.
NP 1 & VP 1 & R-cl 1 (DO) & Rucl 2 (DO) & NP 2 & VP 2 & NP 3 &
PP l & PP 2 & PP 3 & PP 4. This is compoundwcomplex and used
for reflection.

(209) D 211 (S) 81 "Vi“ T(Past)~-81 Np (S) 81 be T(Past) 81 D N (PN) 81 P
D N & P Np, & S D‘N &.P D N & P D D Aj N & be T(Past) D N to
Vt Np C Vt Np. NP 1 &,VP 1 & NP 2 & VP 2 &.NP 3 & PP 1 & PP 2
& S—cl 1 & PP 3 & PP 4 & Sucl 1 (cont.). This is compoundu
complex and used for reflection.

(210) Np (S) & Vi T(Past) Av, Av, Q Q Av, & Np (S) D & Vi T(Past)-~&
N N (S) & have T(Past) beuen & Aj (PN), & Av, &,P D N &.P Np’s
”Vining"; & C D N (S) & R (del) Np Vi T(Past) P & M T(Past) Vi
AvAv. NP181VP181NP281VP281NP381VP381NP481VP3
(cont.) 81 PP 1 81 PP 2 &NP 5 81 R~~cl 1 81 VP 4. This is
compound-complex and used for narration.

(211) C Np (S) & M T(Past) be & Q Aj C Q Aj (PN); & D N (S) & P D Aj,
&PN &DAVQAj, QAjN81PN81Vi T(Past)&PNp81PN81P
N, &_Vtming &.P Np & Av D‘N &.P R.N & P D N & have T(Past)
be-en Aj. NP 1 & VP 1 &.NP 2 &'NP 3 &.PP 1 & PP 2 & PP 1
(cont.) & PP 3 & VP 2 & PP 4 & PP 5 & PP 6 & NP 3 (cont.) &

PP 7 &INP 3 (cont.) & R~c1 1 & PP 8 &.Rmcl 1 (cont.). This
is compounducomplex and used for reflection.

(212) Expl & have T(Past) beaen & D‘N (PN) & P D Av-Aj N, & 8 (del)

Np Vi T(Past), & S'Np be T(Past) Vt—ing D‘N & P D N & P N, &

(212)

(213)

(214)

(215)

286
(cont.)CNp (8) &have T(Past) Vi-en 81? DN QAj 81P D AjN,
&have T(Past) be-en Vi-en 81P DN &RVt T(Past) &PN 81DN
CDN81PDN 81PDN QAj, Av81PN81Av QAj, 81PDN81PD
N. Ex181VP181NP181PP181S-cl181S-c12(S)81PP281
PP381NP281VP281PP481PP581VP2(cont.)81PP 681
R-cl 181PP781R—c1 1(cont.)81PP881PP9&PP 1081PP 9
(cont.) 81 PP 11 &PP 12. This is compound-complex and used
for reflection.
DN (8), 81DN (S),81DDN (S)&PDN81AvVi T(Past)Av81P

N;81Exp1&beT(Pelt)Av&N (S)&SNhPDAJN&PDN,&

’Vt T(Pllt) N, 81 P D Aj N, 81 P N C N C N, 81 V1 T(Pelt) 81 P Np--

&CPDN&PDN-&PDAJN&PN. NP181NP281NP381
PP181VP181PP281Ex181VP281NP4818-c1181PP381PP4
81 S-cl 1(cont.)81PP 5 &PP 6 81 S-cl l (cont.)81PP 7 &PP 8
81 PP 9 81 PP 10 81 P? 11. This in compound-complex and need for
reflection.

Np (S) 81 Vt T(Past) 81 Np (D0) 81 P N—-81 S Np have T(Peet) Vt-en
DAJN&PDN-N&CPDN--81Vi~ingAv81PNCN, &Vt-inng
81PDN&CPDN,&SNpheve'I‘(Put)Vt-en&PN 81DN &PN
C N; &Np (8)81 Vt T(Put) &Np (DO) Vt-ing D N C Vining 81 P D
NIPDN, &P (de1)DAjNAJ8PAJN81Av. NP181VP181
NPZhPPth-cl1811’22811’?3&NP2Ccont.)ePP4&

NP 2 (cont.) 1: PP 5 &PP 6 81 8-812 &PP 7 a 8-61 2 (cont.) 81
PPOINPBDVP28NP4hPP9&PP1081PP 118131281

PP 11 (cont.). This in compound-complex and used for narration.
Np (8) 81 be T(Past)'not 81 A3 (PN) (81 C Vtg-ing Np D N e 8 Np

VtT(PIIt)818(de1)NhPAJN-N81CPAJN&PDAjN81PD

(216)

{217)

(218)

287
(cont.) N & have T(Past) beuen Viuen to Vi to have-ing Vt Np);
81 C Np (S) 81 be (del) T.“Past) et’de1)Av----81 S Av 81 P N 81 Np M
T(Past) be AJ ~~~~~ &.P P DIN, Q Aj C Q Aj, &.R.Np D V: ITPast) & P
Av 81 D N, Vt T(Past) Av D N, 81 P D N 81 R (del) Np be T(Past)
Av to Vi. NP 1 & VP 1 &:NP 2 & NP 1 (cont.) & S-cl 1 & S-cl 2
& PP 1 & PP 2 & PP 3 & PP 4 & S~c1 2 (cont.) &.NP 3 & VP 2 &
S-:1 3 8 PP 5 & Swil 3 (cont.) & PP 6 8 R~c1 1 & PP 7 & R461 1
(cont.) 8 PP 8 & chl 1. This is compodnd~complex and used
for reflection.
Np (3)81 Vi T(Past) 81 P Np 81 P N, 81 Np (S) 81 Av Vl T(Past) 81
A3" (PN), 81DN (PN), &PDDN, 81PDN 81R (de1)DN :DNVt
T(Past); & C Vtuing Np Av to Vi, Av & P Np°s Av haveuing Vtwen
D N, & P (del) Np's Av Vtuing D N, Aj & P D N & P N. NP 1 &
VP 1 & PP 1 & PP 2 &.NP 2 & VP 2 &:NP 3 &:NP 4 & PP 3 & PP 4 &
chl 1 & NP 2 (cont.) & PP 5 a PP 6 & PP 7 & PP 8. This is
compound~complex and used for reflection.
N (S) D, 8 Av C Av, have T Past) be~en & P N &.P N, a C Np IS)
& have T(Past) Av Av Av Vtwe: & D N (DO) & C Vlmen Ax, & P D
Aj N, & D Aj N (PN)? NP 1 8 VP 1 8 PP 1 8 PP 2 8 NP 2 8 VP 2
& NP 3 &.VP 2 (cont.) & PP 3 &.NP 4. This is compo-nd and
used for reflection.
Np (S) 81 M T(Past.) have Vte-err. 81 Np (DO) Aj (0C) 81 S Np Av Vt
T(Past) to Vi &.P Np; &:C Np (S) &.M T(Past)’not Q Av Vi, Av,
81PDN81PDN. NP181VP 181NP 2818~-«t-1181PP 181NP 381
VP 2 &.PP 2 & PP 3. This is compoundwcomplex and used fcr

reflection.

288

(219) P N C N 81 Np (S) 81 Vt T(Past) 81 P D Aj N 81 D N (DO) to Vt D N
&PNCDN &PN, &tthAv81PDN 81DN &PAjN, &DAj-a
AjNV’i—aen81PDN &PAJN, &PN 81PDN, &PA‘] N81PN; 81
Vtg-ing AV D Aj N Np {8) 81 M T’Past) Av Vi Av 81 P Np, 81 Vi 81 P
D N 81 C, Av Vtuing 81 S (del) Np be T(Past) Av 81 P Np ‘81 P P P N,
81Vt 81DN (DO)81AV‘, Ath 81PDN &DAj N (DO). PP 1 81
NP 1 &VP 1 &PP 281NP 281PP 381NP 2 If'cont.)81PP 4&NP 2
(cont.) 81 PP 5 81NP 21:;iccr1t.)81 PP 6 81 NP 2 (cont.) 81 PP 7 81
PP881PP 981PP 1081PP1181PP 1281NP 381VP281PP 1381
VP 2 (cont.) 81 PP 14 81 NP .3 (cont.) 81 S~c1 1 81 PP 15 81 PP 16 81
VP 2 (cont.) &NP 4 81 VP 2 (cont.) 81 PP 17 &NP 5. This is
compounducomplex and used for narration.

(220) Np 1,8) 81 Vt T(Past) 81 Np (DO) Vi, 81 D Aj N {8), 81 P D Aj Aj N;
81 Np (S) 81 Vt T(Past) 81 S Np M T‘fPastf‘: have Vimen 81 P D N 81 P
Aj Aj Aj N, 81 C R Expl M ‘I‘QPastVnct Av be, 81 P D Aj AjuAj ll 11,
&tobeViwen81PDDN. NP 181VP 1 &NPL81NP 381PP 1 81
NP 4 81 VP 2 81 S-ucl 1 iDO) 81 PP '2 81 PP 3 81 R-—-;-.l 1 £130) 81 PP 4 81
R~cl 1 (cont.) N PP 5. This is sompoundwgcmplex and used for
ref1eetion.

{221) Np (S) 81 Vt TLPast) Av 81 D Aj N (DC); 81 Np (S) 81 Vt. T-fPast) Av
81 Np (DO) 81 R (de1)N N have T\Past) V’t~~er:, 81 Vtwirg Np Q Av
Av, 81 S S Np M TiPastVnot Vi: 81 Np (S) 81 Vt '1"-::fPast)1-w81 Expl 81
Np (1)0)11 Np (S) 81 M T(Past) Vt, 111 c P N 81 P D Aj N1-~81 D N
(D0)&P DAjN 81P DAjN 81PDN1—‘N, &CAVAV81DN1DO)81P
D N-N Av, 81 D Aj Aj N {00) 81 R Np M I’iPast) have Vtwen N to Vt
AV. NP 181VP 181NP 281NP 381VP 281NP481R-<¢1 181NP 3

(cont.)&chl 181NP581VP381EX181NP 681NP781VP481

(221)

(222)

(225)

289
(cont.) PP 1 &PP z. 81NP 8 &PP 3 19- PP 4 31 PP 5 1y VP 31:11:11.)
& NP 9 &.PP 6 & NP 10 & R~c1 2, This is 10mpolnd~comp1ex and
used for narration and reflection.
Np (S) 81 be T(Past) 81 Aj Aj Aj (PN); 81 Np (S) 81 be T(Past) 81 P
D‘N & R Qdel) Np have T Past) Vt en Av, & C Np {8) & be
TPast)Av81PDN81A’V81PDN,A‘-I‘AjCAi, &RDDN81CPP
P DN 81Np v1; TgPast) to Vtg Np. NP 1 &VP 1 &NP 2 &NP 3 &
VP 2 & PP 1 & thl 1 & NP 4 & VP 3 & PP 2 & VP 3 (cont.) &
PP 3 & Rwil 2 8 PP 4 & R~c1 2 {cont.). This is compound~
complex and used for exposition.
Np (S) & have T Past) &.N (DO) & P N & Av P D N 8 P D A] N C D
Aj N: 81Np (S) 81 Vt 11"Past)81Np1"D0)81 AV“ 81 P D 18.1 N C D N 81
PDN. NP181VP181NP281PP181PP281PP381NP381V'P2
& NP 4 & VP 2 (cont.) &.PP 4 &VPP 5. 1his is compound and
used for exposition.
C s Np Av, 31 P D N, 81.3 1 P1311141 81 P D Aj N, 1. Av Av Av 81 D
N g8) 8 P D N & Vt 1 Past: N Np CDC) 8 P D D N N P D N. chl 1
& PP 1 & Swtl 1 ggcnt.) & PP 2 & VP 1 & NP 1 8 PP 3 & VP 1
(cont.) & NP 2 8 PP 4 & PP 5. This is pomplex and used fer
reflection.
D N (S) & be T(Paet) Av Av Vimet; 8,D Aj “N” (S) 8 P N, 8 S Aj
N &,P N & have 1 Past) bewen Viaen, & Vi IgPast) & P N t N, 8
PNCN, &PDNAV81PDA;_1'A.1N&PRNpVi'I(Past),DDN,
to Vi Av Avwenct Viuen & P D‘N & AV'S Np adel) be (del)
T(Past) (del) Aj & R.Np M 1 Past), 8 P D N, 8 have Viwen & P

(de1)D Aj N Vii—ing 51 P N~C~N. NP 1 81 VP 1 31 NP 2 31 PP 1 11

chl 1 & PP 2 & chl 1 5coat.) & VP 2 & PP 3 & PP 4 & PP 5 &

(225)

(226)

(227)

(228)

(229)

(230)

290
(cont.) & PP 6 & R-cl 1 & PP 7 & S-cl 2 & R-cl 2 & PP 8 &
R-cl 2 (cont.) & PP 9 & PP 10. This is compound-complex and
used for exposition.
Av81PN 81Np(S)&MT(Past)81D81Vt81DAjli(DO);&CPD
N, & C P P P D Aj N, & D N (S) & be T(Past) &.N (PN) & P D Aj
N & P N N. VP 1 & PP 1 &.NP 1 & VP 1 (cont.) & NP 1 (cont.) &
VP 1 (cont.) & NP 2 & PP 2 & PP 3 & NP 3 & VP 2 & NP 4 & PP 4
& PP 5. This is compound and used for reflection.
Expl & have T(Past) Vi—en & P D N & P D Aj N & P D N & to V1 D
Aj N (S) & P Np; & S Np have T(Past) Av Vt—en Np &,P Np & P D
N & S, Excl AV1 Np M T(Past) "Vt” D Aj N. Ex 1 & VP 1 & PP 1
& PP 2 & PP 3 & NP 1 & PP 4 & S—cl 1 & PP 5 & PP 6 & S—Cl 2.
This is complex and used for reflection.
Np (S) & have T(Past) Vt-en & Np (DO) & P & P N & Aj & P N»—&
R Av be T(Past) Av D N & P D N & P Vt-ing D'N. NP 1 & VP 1 &
NP 2 & PP 1 & PP 2 & PP 1 (cont.) & PP 3 & R-Cl 1 & PP 4 &
PP S. This is complex and used for reflection.
Np (S) & be T(Past) Vt—ing & Np (DO) & Av, Vt—ing & Np (DO) &
P N, & P N; & P N & P Np &:Np (S) & have T(Past) V1~en & Q Aj
(PN) & S Np be T(Past) Av Aj & P N, N & P D Aj N, & R M
T(Past)'not have Vi-en & P Np & P N. NP 1 & VP 1 &.NP 2 &
VP 1 (cont.) & NP 3 & PP 1 & PP 2 & PP 3 & PP 4 & NP 4 & VP 2
& NP 5 & S-c1 1 & PP 5 & PP 6 & R—Cl 1 & PP 7 & PP 8. This is
compound—complex and used for narration.
Np (S) & be T(Past) & D N (PN) & Q Av & P D N & P N & Q Aj & P
Np & P D Aj N, & P (del) D N——Av Aj, & c P D N & Vi-ing & P D

Aj N, & P (del) D Aj N & P D N—-& P Np's be-ing Av Vi-en,Vi~en

{230)

(231)

{232)

(234)

291
(cont.) 8 P D N Av Aj & C P D Aj N & R Np M T(Past) D Q Av, Q
Av, Vi 8 PNp 81Av to V1. NP 1 &VP 1 &NP 2 &VP 1 aifcont.) 81
PP 1 8 PP 2 & PP 1 {cont.) N PP 3 8 PP 4 & PP 5 8 PP 6 & PP 5
(cont.)&PP 781PP 881PP 9&PP 1081PP 11 &PP 1281PP1581
PP 14 8 PP 15 & chl 1 & PP 16 & R~c1 1 {cont1). This is
complex and used for narration.
Np (S) 81 Vi TiPast), 81 Np (S) 81 Av Av Vt T(Past) 81 Np 2138181
Av, 11 1: Np (S) 11 v1 T(Past), 81 P D D Aj N, 11 D Np :2.PN)A'x-'A_]81
P D N. NP 1 & VP 1 &.NP 2 & VP 2 8INP 3 & VP 2 (cont.) &TNP 4
& VP 3 & PP 1 & NP 5 & PP 2. This is compound and used for
narration.
Np TS) 8 be T(Past) Viuen & P N a P Vlaing D~~& P P D N & P D
N—~81 Aj, 81 C D Aj N (S) 81 Av be TIPast) 81 P Aj N, Aj N 81 P N.
NP 1 & VP 1 & PP 1 & PP 2 8 PP 3 8 PP 4 & PP 2 (cont.) & NP 2
8 VP 2 8 PP 5 & PP 6. This is compound and used for narration.
Np (S) &.Vi T(Past) Ax, 8 Vtwing D N, a S S Np M I Pasr? Av Vt
& P D N 8 P N 8 D AJ N 8 P D D A3 N. NP 1 8 VP 1 & NP 1
(cont.) 8 Smcl 1 a PP 1 8 PP 2 & S~c1 1 (cont.) 8 PP 3. 1118
is complex and used for narration.
Expl 8 be TfPast) AV 8 Aj {PN) & S D Av AJ N N P D N 8 Vt
T(Past)&PNp81N, 81PDAj N, &AjCAj81PN &PAJN; 8113
Np (8)81 Vt T(Past) Av 81 D N (DO) 81 P D N 81 Av 81 R (del) Np be
T(Past) Vi~en 81 P Np, 81 S S 81 P N 81 D N, 81 S Np Vt T(Past) Np
to V1 Aj, & M T(Past) & P D Aj N & have Av Vi~en & P D Aj N.
Ex 1 & VP 1 & NP 1 & S~o1 1 (S) & PP l & Sucl 1 (cont.) 8 PP 2
& chl 1 (cont.) & PP 3 & Sucl 1 (cont.) & PP 4 & PP 5 & NP 2

& VP 2 & NP 3 & PP 6 & VP 2 (cont.) & R~c1 1 & PP 7 & chl 2 &

/'\
N
LN
U’I

¥I

(2:3)

(239)

:9:
(cont.) PP 8 8 chl 2 (cont.) 8 Sucl S 8 S~c1 2 (cont.) 8 PP 9
8 chl 2 {cent.) 8 PP 10. This is compognd~complex and used
for narration.
Np (S) 8 have TxPast) Vtuen9 8 S Np have T;Pres) Vimen9 8 to
Vt PDQ) 8 P D N 8 D Aj N 8 P D‘N, 8 P (del) D D N; 8 C D N (S)
81 P D Np 8 be T(Past) ‘81 to Vt D Aj-aN 81 P D Np. NP 1 81 VP181
S~Cl 1 8 NP 2 8 PP 1 8 NP 2 {cont.) 8 PP 2 8 PP 3 8 NP 3 8
PP 4 8 VP 2 8 NP 4 8 PP 5. This is compoundwcomplex and used
for narration.
P D N, 8 Av~~Av Vtuing D Aj N~w8 Np (S) 8 Vi T1Past) 8 P D N 8
C Vi 1‘1fPast)8 P D N 81 P D N Q Aj 8 P Np 81 R (del) Np have
TgPast) Av Viuen. PP 1 8 VP 1 8 NP 1 8 VP 1 (cont.) 8 PP z 8
VP 1 (Lont.) 8 PP 3 8 PP 4 8 PP 5 8 chl 1. This is Complex
and used for narration.
"'Np (S) 8 'be T(Pres) 133, 81 P D N, 81 c Viuingwwnot. s. P P N, 11
Viuing Av 8 P N.” NP 1 8 VP 1 8 PP 1 8 VP 1 (cont.) 8 PP ; a
VP 1 (cont.) 8 PP 3. This is simple and used for dialogue.
“Np (S) 8 'be T;Pres) Vt~ing 8 D N (DO), 8 C Np (S) 8 ”be
T(Pres) 8 D Al N "PN)ww8 R be T Pres) D N, 8 be T(Pres)'not 8
Np (S) ? 8 S N have TxPres) Vi en 8 P Np.“ NP 1 8 VP 1 8'NP ;
8.NP 3 8 VP 2 &.NP 4 8 R~sl l 8 VP 3 8.NP 5 8.S~c1 l 8 PP 1.
This is compound~complex and used for reflection.
AV 81N (S) 8 Vi T(Past) &.P D N 8.P D N &.C P (del) D N &.P D
Aj N; 8 P D N 8 Np (S) 8 Vt T(Past) 8 P Av AV 8 D'N (DO) V1~en
8 P D N° VP 1 8 NP 1 8 VP 1 (cont.) 8 PP 1 8 PP 2 8 PP 3 8
PP 4 8 PP 5 8 NP 2 & VP 2 8 PP 6 8'NP 3 8 PP 7. This is

compound and used for narration.

(240)

(241)

{442)

(244)

293
Np (S) D 81 V1 T(Past) & Aj (PN) & P Np, 81 C Np (S181 Vi
T(Past) & P D N & to Vt & R Av be T(Past) Vi~en. NP 1 & VP 1
& NP 2 & PP 1 &.NP 3 & VP 2 & PP L & VP 2 (cont.) & R~C1 1.
This is compounducomplex and used for narration.
“Be (del) T(Pres) (del) &.Np (S) (del) & Av Viuen?w~& EXVI? &
Np ('S) 8: Vt T(Past) & Np {DC-f) & AV, & P Np's Av Vining Av as: P
Np & S Npihave T Pres) Viwen, & S Np Vi T(Pres), & r"to Vi.°”
VP 1 &,NP 1 & VP 1 (cont.) & Ex 1 &XNP 2 & VP 2 & NP 3 & VP 2
fluent.) & PP 1 & PP 2 & S~c1 1 & chl 2 5 Swel 1 {conic}.
Tris is compound~comp1ex and used for reflection.
""'Np ES) & Av M TgPresfflret Vt C: M I(‘Pr‘es)?n0t Vt is; Np (DO), as:
P D N, 8: S (idel) Np Vi T(Pres), as: R D N, D Aj N, Av Vi T'Pres)
& P D N.“ NP 1 & VP 1 & NP 2 & PP 1 & chl 1 & R~L1 1 & PP i.
This is complex and used for reflegtiun.
“Np (S) & 9have T(Pres) Vt~en & Np {DO) a S Np haVe 1 Past)
'Vi—en': & Np (S), & P A;, & be I Past) & R haVe T Pres) V1 en
~~& Np (S) & 'be TyPres) & D A} C D Aj N ’PN) Viwen & P N a P
N}" NP 1 & VP 1 &‘NP 2 & chl 1 &.NP 3 & PP 1 & VP 2 & ngl 1
(PN) & NP 4 & VP 3 & NP 5 & PP z & PP 3, This is ccmpwurd~
complex and used fer reflecfion.
Expl & Vi TXPast) & P Np, & S Np Vi T Presfiw~& c Viwen & P D N
& P D NZ~-& DN (S) &.P D N; & P Np 25: Av A P (de1)D Aj N &Np
(S) & have TPPast) Viwen & P D N & R‘Np M T(Past) Q Av have
Viwen to Vi & P N & S Np M IKPast) have Vtuen Av to Vi & P Np
& P N. Ex 1 & VP 1 & chl 1 & NP 1 & PP 2 & PP 3 & NP 1
(cont.) & PP 4 & PP 5 & VP 2 & PP 6 & NP 2 & VP 2 icont.) x

PP 7 & Rucl 1 & PP 8 & S~C1 2 & PP 9 & PP 10. This is a

294

(244) (cont.) compound-complex sentence used for narration.

(245) Np (S) & V1 T(Past) Av & D Aj N (PN), &,D N (PN) & R Vt
T(Past) Aj N, D N C AV'Vt T(Past), & C P D Aj N, &,D Aj, D Q
Aj,Av&P(de1)DAjN&AvDAj,N&PN. NP1&VP1&
NP 2 & NP 3 & R-cl 1 & PP 1 & R-cl 1 (cont.) &‘PP 2 & Rucl 1
(cont.) & PP 3. This is complex and used for exposition.

(246) "Np (S) & have T(Pres) be—en Vi-ing, Vi-ing, Vi—ing, & C Av,
&Vi—en Av&PN, &Np (S) & 'M T(Pres)Vi'."—-&DAjN (S) &
Vt T(Past) &DAjN (DO), & SNp be T(Past), &PN CN. NP 1
& VP 1 & VP 2 &:NP 2 & PP 1 & NP 2 (cont.) & VP 2 (cont.) &
NP 3 & VP 3 & NP 4 & S-cl 1 & PP 2. This is compound-complex
and used for reflection.

(247) C R be T(Past) Aj & be T(Past) & S D N, & P D Aj N, & be
T(Past) Q Aj, & S, & S Np be T(Past) D Aj N &,R (del) be
T(Past) Vi-ing & P N, & D Aj N be T(Past) Av & P D Aj N & not
Aj & P Np. R-Cl 1 (S) & VP 1 & S—c1 1 (PN) & PP 1 & S-Cl 1
(cont.) & Sucl 2 & S~cl 3 & R~c1 2 & PP 2 & S~c1 2 (cont.) &
PP 3 & chl 2 (cont.) & PP 4. This is complex and used for
reflection.

(248) Np (S) & Vi T(Past) AvuAv AV & P N, & Av Av Q—~& P D Aj N, & S
SDAjNSzPDN&MT(PreS)&PN&Vi;&CN (S)&PDN&
Vi T(Past) Av & P D N Q Aj & S have T(Past) Q Av Vtewen Np Aj
& P N. NP 1 & VP 1 & PP 1 & VP 1 (cont.) & PP 2 & S-Cl 1 &
PP 3 & S~c1 1 (cont.) & PP 4 & S-cl 1 (cont.) &.NP 2 & PP 5 &
VP 2 & PP 6 & S-cl 2 & PP 7. This is compoundmcomplex and

used for exposition.

(249)

(251)

(252)

295
Np (S) N be 1 Past) N S S Expl M 1 Past) have Vtuen Np N S D N
Q Aj &.P D Np N M 1 Past) Av v; & P Av Viuing, & M :“Past) a P
D N & not Vt D N; N s s D N N P D N N be T Past), & P D N, & D
Aj N (PN) N P D A} N. NP 1 N VP 1 N S~C1 1 N S~c1 2 N PP 1 N
S~u1 2 (cont.) N PP 2 N Sucl 2 (cont.) N PP 3 N S~c1 2 {ecnt.)
N chl 3 N PP 4 N Sagl 3 (cont.) N PP 5 N S~:1 3 (cont.) N
PP 6. This is oomplex and used for exposition.
C P D Aj N N P D Aj N &.Np (S) N be lfiPast) Av Vt~ing N to Vt
(DO) N P Av Q Av N S (del) Np D'M T(Past) Av be N P N N P N: N
Av Vi-ing a. S Np M T(Past), & P D N, 8. Av Vt D N, as. (3 Av
Vi—ing & P D N 3. P R Np M T(Past) Av Vt Np. PP 1 & PP i 8.-
NP 1 N VP 1 &.NP 2 N PP 3 N S~c1 1 N PP 4 N PP 5 &.NP 1(cont.)
N S-el 2 N PP 6 N S~cl 2 (cont.) N;NP 1 (cont.) N PP 7 N
Ruel 1. This is complex and used for reflection.
D N (S) N P Vt-ingINp N M T(Pres) N P D N &.have Viuen N P Np,
&CDAjN (S)&PDNNALJ', NDQAJCQQAJ',NAV, NPDN,
N be T(Past) N D N (PN) N P D N N P Aj AJ N, N D N (PN) N P D
N to Vi AV'&.P N, N AV P D N Viwing C Viwing N P D Aj N; N D
Aj N (PN), & P N, N to v1, to Vi, to Vi, Av N c P N~~N to Vtg
Np, &.P D N, N S Np be 11Pa5t39D0t Aj. NP 1 N PP 1 N VP 1 1
PP 2 N VP 1 (cont.) N PP 3 N NP 2 N PP A N VP 2 N NP 2 (cont.)
N VP 2 (cont.) N PP 5 N VP 2 (cont.) N NP 3 N PP 6 N PP 7 N
NP 4 N PP 8 N PP 9 N PP 10 N PP 11 N NP 3 N PP 12 N NP 5
(cont.) N PP 13 N'NP 5 (cont.) N PP 14 N Swsl 1. This is
compoundwcomplex and used for narration.
D N (S) N P “Viwlngqu” N be T(Past) Av N D N CPN) N P R Np be

I(Past) Av ViHer; N S Np have I(Past) bewen Np, N P D AJ N, N

 

 

 

 

(252)

(253)

(254)

(255)

(256)

296
(cont.) to Vi, NflNp (S) N M T(Past) Av have bewen N Aj (PN) N
P haveuing Vtuen Np N S Np M T(Past) N P D N N P N N have
Vtuen D Aj N~N. NP 1 N PP 1 N VP 1 N NP 2 N chl 1 N S~c1 1 N
PP 2 N S—cl 1 (cont.) N NP 3 N VP 2 N NP 4 N PP 3 N S~c1 2 N
PP 4 N PP 5 N S~c1 2 (cont.). This is compound~complex and
used for exposition.
Np (S) N have T Past) beuen Viuen N P D NwwN P Np &*Np (S) N E
22 T(Past) N Aj (PN)~~N P N Aj N P D Aj N &.P D N: N,Np (S) N
have T(Past) Vtwen N D N (DC), N Vtwen &.Np (DU) N AV, N P D

AjN,&PPDN&PNNCDNNPN. NP1NVP1NPP1N

 

PP 2 N NP 2 N VP 2 N NP 3 N PP 3 N PP 4 N PP 5 &.NP 4 N VP

114

N
NP 5 N VP 3 (cont.) N NP 6 N VP 3 (cont.) N PP 6 N PP 7 N PP 8
N PP 7 (cont.) N PP 9. This is compound and used for narration.
s Np Vt TjPast) Np N D N (S), & D D A} N {3), 3; Av V1 IgPast)
N Aj -I;'PN)~~N Q Aj (PN), 2; Av, 51 s as. P N a. Np v: T(Past.) D N a:
P N. S~c1 1 N NP 1 N NP 2 N VP 1 N NP 3 N NP 4 N VP 1 (cont.)
N S~c1 2 N PP 1 N S~fi1 2 (cont.) N PP 2. This is ccmplex and
used for narration.

Np (S) N Vi T(Past) Av, N.8 Np M liPast) be, N Av S Np have
T(Past) Viuen; N D N (S) N have 1 Past) Vtwen N Np (DO) ~N Np
(S) N be T(Past) N S S Expl be 1 Past) Np N R.(de1) Np nave
T(Past) Vin—en A". NP 1 N VP 1 N Sue—.1 1 N chl 2 N NP 2 N VP '2
N NP 3 N NP 4 N VP 3 N Saul 3 N R~31 1. This is compound~
complex and used for narration.

Np (S) N Vt T(Past) N P D.N N R.Np be I Past)w~Npr (S) N have
T(Past) beuen N P D Aj N N P N. NP 1 N.VP 1 N PP 1 N chl 1

(DO) N NP 2 N‘VP 2 N PP 2 N PP 3. This is compoundueomplex and

A
K)
U'I
08

v

(257)

(258)

(259)

{260)

(261)

297
(cont.) used for narration.
Np :8) N have T§Past) Vtuen N D N (DO) N P Vi~ingg N P Np N Np
(S) N‘M T(Past) have Vi~en N P D N, N C Expl N Vi TiPast) N P
Np N S, N AV'P D N Aj, N;Np M T(Past) have Vtmenin, M T(Past)
have Viwen Av, Av c Av, & P D N. NP 1 & VP 1 &NP .2 a. PP '1 5.
PP 2 N NP 3 N VP 2 N PP 3 N Ex 1 N VP 3 N PP 4 N Suel 1 {8) N
PP 5 N S~c1 1 (cont.) N PP 6. This is compoundwcomplex and
used for narration and reflection.
ExPl, N S Np have TaPast) Viuen Aw, N AV &.Np (S? N be T Past)
-~AVNPDN, NPDQAj AjN NCPDN NPDNp, NPDDN N
P D N, N Av to Vi N S‘Np Mil Past) be DiN to Vi. Ex 1 N
S~C1 1 N VP 1 N NP 1 N VP 1 {cont.} N PP 1 N PP 2 N PP 3 N
PP 4 N PP 5 N PP 6 N PP 4 (cont.) N Swgl 2. This is complex
and used for narraiion.
Np 2(8) N M ’I'QPastj) Vi N P D N~~N AV N P D N: N M TQPast'j'm-z.
& Np (S) 3 Vi. s. P -’_dei‘ D N N Q A» P D Agj N? NP 1 N VP 1, 5.
PP 1 N VP 1 foofit.) N PP 2 N VP 2 N NP 2 N VP 2 jocnt.5 N PP 3
N PP 4. Tnis is LCmPCqfld and used for reflegiion.
Np (S) N Vt 1,Past} AV‘N D N aDtfimwN Expl N be I Past) &.N ;s)
N P Np: &- Np (3)51 be 1';Pa5t) Au." A." 51 P Np, N a; Np (S) s; naxe
TTPast) Av Viuen Q AV. NP 1 N VP 1 &.NP 2 N Ex 1 N VP z N
NP 3 N PP 1 N NP 4 N VP 3 N PP 2 N NP 5 N VP 4. inis is
compound and used for narration.
Np (S) N Vt T(Past) N D N (DO) N P D D N N P Npu—N P D N N P D
N N P D N. NP 1 N VP 1 &.NP 2 N PP 1 N PP 2 N PP 3 N PP 4 N

PP 5. This is simple and used for reflection.

(262)

(263)

I"\

K

298
Np (S) 8: M T.\'Past)V1 .31 P D Aj N~~8z Np {:S) 81 M T(Past)'not Vi
&,P Av; & C Np (S) & Vt T(Past) & D N (DO) & Av & P D N & P Np9
81 Vii-«ing 8: S Np Vt T(Past) Np 81 S D- Aj N, D N 8: P D N, 8: R Np
Vt T(Past), & M T(Past) Vi. Av 81 P D N & R (del) Np Vt T(Past)
tth. NP 1&VP laszPP 1 &NP 2&VP 281PP 2&NP381VP 3
& NP 4 & VP 3 {cont.) & PP 3 & PP a &‘NP 3 (cont.) & S~c1 1 &
chl 2 & PP 5 & chl 1 & S~c1 2 (cont.) & PP 6 & R~c1 2. This
is compoundu20mp1ex and used for narration and reflection.
Np (S) i M IQPast)'Vt & D N (DO)~~& S AV'D N M T Past) Av be
Vi-en & P Np's Viuing & P N & P D N. NP 1 & VP 1 &:NP 2 &
S~cl 1 & PP 1 & PP 2 &.PP 3. This is complex and used for
reflection.
R.Np Av Vt T(Past) Av & be T Past) & S, &.S Np have T(Past)
'not Av Viaen, &.Np have T_Past} D N~w& R have T;Past) Av & P
D N & V1~en Q Aj~~& D to Vi C to V1 Av. R~cl 1 (S) & VP 1 &
S~c1 1 {PN) & Swal 2 & S~¢l l icent.) & Rucl 2 & S~e1 1f;0nt.)°
This is complex and used for refleetiun.
Np -'S) 8; be ’1“.;_Past) a P Np 8; P N a P I: A] N 8. P (del) D N Q A.)
& P D N & P Aj N. NP 1 & VP 1 & PP 1 & PP 2 & PP 3 a PP 4 a
PP 5 & PP 6. This is simple and deed for narration.
D N 1'53) 5. Av Vi T(Past) a P Np 81 Av to "Vi 8: P (del) D Aj N E; P
D AJ N; & S D N &.P N, & P N, a M T(Past) have Vtwen C D N b P
D N & C, “AV.” &.S Np Vi T(Past), & DiN & P D N. NP 1 & VP 1
& PP 1 & VP 1 (cont.) & PP 2 & PP 3 & S~c1 1 & PP 4 & PP 5 &
S~c1 1 (cont.) &.PP 6 & S~c1 1 {tont.) & S~c1 2 & Swnl 1
(cont.) & PP 7. This is camplex and used for narration and

reflection.

 

(267)

(268)

(269)

(270)

299
D Aj N (S) & M T(Past) have bewen & S, Vtfling D N & P D N & P
P D Aj N, & Np M T(Past) Av~~& S be T(Past) & P D Aj Nu~& have
Viwen Av & P D Aj N & P D D N. NP 1 & VP 1 & SHcl 1 {PN) &
PP l & PP 2 & S—cl 1 {cont.) & chl 2 & PP 3 & S~c1 1 (cont.)
& PP 4 & PP 5. This is complex and used for reflection.
P N, & AV, & D N (S) a R (del) Np have T(Past) Vt en Au'&.P D
N & P D Aj N & M T Past) have to Vt D N; & D N, &.P D N & P D
N, & Np (S) 51 have T(Past) Vt—aen & D Aj N (DO) & P N 8: to Vt
Np & P. PP 1 & VP 1 & NP 1 a Rwel 1 & PP 2 &.PP 3 &.VP 1
(cont.) & PP 4 & PP 5 & PP 6 & NP 2 & VP 2 & NP 3 & PP 7 &
NP 3 (cont.) & PP 4. This is compound~comp1ex and used for
narration.
D N (S) & P D N s be T(Past) & Aj (PN), & C P D Np & D N (S) &
Vi T(Past.) &PDNp. NP 1 &PP 1 &VP 1 &NP 281PP 2 &NP .3
&.VP 2 & PP 3. This is compound and used for exposition.
D N (S), a S Np Vi T(Past), & Vi T(Past) & D D & P D Aj N a P
N, & C Expl & be T(Past) & D Np (S), & P Np. & P N & P P D N.
NP 1 & S~c1 1 & VP 1 & NP 1 (cont.) & PP l & PP 2 & Ex 1 a
VP 2 a'NP 2 & PP 3 & PP 4 & PP 5. This is compoundwcomplex
and used for exposition.
To have Viuen (S), & to have Vt en D N Av (S), a be 1 Past) Av
8: D N (PN); 81 S Av 82 P Vt—‘ing Np 5. Np Vi TQPast) Av Av D Aj 5.
P D NWN a P R D N have T(Past) Viwen. NP 1 & NP 2 & VP 1 &
NP 3 & Sucl 1 & PP 1 & S~c1 1 (cont.) & PP 2 & R~t1 1. This
is complex and used for narration.
S Np Av Vi T(Past), AV Viuing Av to Vi, 8. Np (S) a Vt '1 {Pa-sit)

&Np(DO)Vt-ingDNaR,&PDAjCAvAjN &PNp, a;

.1671)
9 L... -1

(274)

(276)

.""\

w.
v.

1‘.)

N3

300
(cont.) V: IflPast) & P Np & D N & R Av Vt T(Pres) D N & P N, &
D Aj N & P haveuing Vtwen Av to Vi. S~c1 l & NP 1 N VP 1 &
NP 2 & R~c1 1 & PP 1 & PP 2 & chl 1 (cont.) & PP 3 & R~c1 1
{cont.) & R~c1 2 & PP 4 & R~c1 1 (cont.) & PP 5. This is
complex and used for narration.
Np (S) & have I Past) Viwen & P N & P D N s P R.D Aj N & P N N
v1. Ti'Past) & C R Np A'v v: T(Past) is: P D Aj N, a: P (del) D Np
not Av Vt~ing Np. NP 1 & VP 1 & PP 1 & PP 2 & chl 1 & PP 3 &
R~cl 1 (cont.) & Racl 2 & PP 4 & PP 5. This is complex and
used for narration.
Viuen & P D N & P D N & P D N, & Np (S) & M TfPast have Vtuen
& Np (DO) & P D Aj N &:P D Np, & P .del) D N &.P D N C N, & S
(del) have 1 Past) Np not, & P D Aj N, & be~en Viwen & P,D Aj
N, & P (del) D N AV'& P D N & P D N AV. NP 1 & PP 1 & PP 2 &

PP 3 &.NP.1 f;cnt.) & VP 1 & NP 2 & PP 4 & PP 5 & PP 6 & PP 7

\

& S-cl 1 & PP 8 & S~c1 1 Jovit.) & PP 9 & PP 10 & PP 11 s
PP 12. This is complex and used for exposition and reflection.
Np (S) & Vi ijast) & P D D N & P D N & P D N, N V1 en Av N S
Np Vi ‘1fPas-t) & C AV Vt~--ing D N & S Np Vt '1 ..TPaSt.) D N. NP 1 5':
VP 1 & PP 1 & PP 2 & PP 3 & NP 1 (cont.) & chl 1 & NP 1
(cont.) & S~Q1 2. Ibis is complex and used for narration.

Av & Np (S) & have T Past) bewen SE Vi~en~ & S be T(Pres) & Np
(S) & have T(Past) be en & P D Aj N & Av Aj {PN)Z VP 1 a NP 1
& VP 1 (cont.) & chl l & NP 2 & VP 2 & PP 1 &.NP 3. This is
compoundmcomplex and used for reflection.

Np (S) & Vt T(Past) Av Av & P D N s S N have T(Past) Vimen Av

~~& S Np M T(Past)'not not have Vtwen Av i& P Np & Np (S) &

(277)

(278)

2'79)

(280)

301
(cont.) Vi T(Past) & P D Aj N & P D D‘N & P (del) D N) & S D D
N have T(Past) Av Vtuen Np. NP 1 N VP 1 & PP 1 & S~c1 1 {DO)
& chl 2 (DC) & PP 2 & NP 2 & VP 2 & PP 3 & PP 4 & PP 5 N
S~cl 3. This is compoundweomplex and used for reflection.
Np (S) & have T(Past) Av & P D N & Vt T(Past) & D N Q A] (DO)
& S Np M TtPast) have Vtuen & P Np & D Aj N; & C Np (S) & Vt
T(Past) is: to Vt Np (DO) 8; S Np M T(Past) Av Av have Viwen 81 P
D N 81 C, Av, AV, 8: P Vi—ing Av, 81 have Vt~en D N 8: P Np. NP 1
& VP 1 & PP 1 & VP 1 (cont.) &‘NP 2 & S~c1 l & PP 2 & S~c1 1
(cont.) &.NP 3 &.VP 2 &.NP 4 & S-cl 2 & PP 3 & S—cl 2 (cont.)
& PP 4 & S—cl 2 (cont.) & PP 5. This is compoundmcomplex and
used for narration.
D N (S) & be T(Past) & Sin Av be T(Past) &.Rin Av Vi T(Past;
& Np {8) & be T(Past) & P D Aj N, & S Np M'TCPast) have Viwen,
& D N (S) & P Np & be T(Past) & to Vt N AV’(PN). NP 1 & VP 1
& S~c1 1 (PN) & chl 1 &flNP 2 & VP 2 & PP 1 & chl 2 &'NP 3 &
PP 2 & VP 3 &.NP 4. This is compound~complex and used for
reflection.
Np (S) & have T(Past) &.Np (DO) & P D N, & S Np be T(Past) Av
A3, &AVPDN: &DAJN (S), &PDAJN &PNp&PNp, &PD
Aj “N“ (& R have T(Past) Vluen & P Q AJ D N & Q Av D N Av to
Vii) & be T(Past) & D N (PN) & P N & R (del) D N have T(Past)
AV'Viuen, Vtwing &.P Np & AV’D N & P N. NP 1 & VP 1 &:NP 2 &
PP 1 & S~c1 1 & PP 2 &.NP 3 & PP 3 & PP 4 & PP 5 & PP 6 &
chl 1 & PP 7 & R~c1 1 (cont.) & VP 2 & NP 4 & PP 8 & R~c1 2 &
PP 9 & R~c1 2 (cont.) & PP 10. This is compoundwcomplex and

used for narration.

(281)

(282)

(283)

(284)

(285)

302
Np (S) & have T(Past) Vt-en Av & D N (DO) & P N & R have
T(Past) Av Vt—en & P N & "N1” (DO) & P D Aj Aj N. NP 1 & VP 1
&‘NP 2 & PP 1 & R~c1 1 & VP 1 (cont.) & PP 2 &:NP 3 & PP 3.
This is complex and used for narration.
DIN (S), &:S D N Vi T(Past), & Av Vt T(Past) &fiNp (DO); &,Np
(S) &.M T(Past) Vi &:P D N, &.P (del) D Aj N & P D Aj N, a R
M T(Past) Vi AV'& P DiN &.PIN-—& P (del) D Aj N &.P D N, & P
(del) D Aj Q Aj N &.P Np; & C Np (S) & have T(Past) Av Vi~en
to Vt DiN &.P DIN Aj Av, &.S Np M T(Past) Vi, & Aj C Aj & P Aj
N &,C P P D'N &,P D N. NP 1 &.chl 1 &.VP 1 &XNP 2 & NP 3 &
VP 2 & PP 1 & PP 2 & PP 3 & R-cl 1 & PP 4 & PP 5 & PP 6 & PP 7
& PP 8 & PP 9 & NP 4 & VP 3 & PP 10 & S—cl 2 & PP 10 (cont.) &
PP ll & PP 12 & PP 13. This is compound—complex and used for
narration.
Np (S) & be T(Past) & P D N & S D Aj N be T(Past) Vi-en~-&‘Np
(S) & Av Vi T(Past) to Vte & R.Np Vt T(Past) & Aj. NP 1 &
VP 1 & PP 1 & S—cl 1 (PN) & NP 2 & VP 2 & R~c1 1 & VP 2(cont.)
This is compound-complex and used for narration.
Np (S) & M T(Past)'ggt, & P D N, & have Vt~en & D N (DO); & C
S Np have T(Past)'not, & S Np be T(Past) Aj, & Excl & D Np (S)
& be T(Past) & Aj (PN) & S S Expl have T(Past) be~en D N?
NP 1 & VP 1 & PP 1 & VP 1 (cont.) &.NP 2 & chl 1 & Sucl 2 &
& Ex 1 & NP 3 & VP 2 & NP 4 & S—cl 3. This is compound~
complex and used for reflection.
Expl (del) & be (del) T(Past) (del) & D N (S)?—-& Np (S) &
have T(Past) be-en Vt-ing, & S Np Vi T(Past), & Av Av, & D D N

(DO) & P Np; & C Av have T(Past) & Np (S) & be-en Q Av & P P D

.;-_:_J]

 

(285)

(286)

(287)

(288)

(289)

303
(cont.)Aj,DAj,DAvAj N? Ex1&VP 1 &NPl &NP 2&VP 2
& S~C1 1 & VP 2 (cont.) &.NP 3 & PP 1 & VP 3 & NP 4 & VP 3
(cont.) & PP 2. This is compound—complex and used for
narration and reflection.
Np (S) & be T(Past) & Q Aj (PN), & S be T(Pres), & S Np M
T(Past) have YE:£2.NP & P Aj; & C P Np & M T(Past) &:N (S) &
Vt &Np (DO), 8: S (de1)Np Vt T(Past) Np, 8: S, Av Vi-ing, Np
Vt T(Past) D N AV'Vt D N. NP 1 & VP 1 &.NP 2 & S-cl 1 & S~c12 '
&PP 1&PP 2&VP 281NP 3&VP 2 (cont.)&NP4&S-c1 381

S~c1 4. This is compound-complex and used for reflection and

 

narration.

Excl & P (del) D N & P N &.Np (S) & be T(Past), & D D, D Aj N
(S)&PNp,&PN;&CP(de1)DN,&QAVSNpMT(Past),&D
N (S) & P N & Vi T(Past). Ex 1 & PP 1 & PP 2 & VP 1 & NP 2 &
PP 3 & PP 4 & PP 5 & S—cl 1 &,NP 3 & PP 6 & VP 2. This is
compound~comp1ex and used for reflection.

P Np &‘Vi T(Past), & P not Av, & D N (S) &.P N-—&.C R‘Np Vt
T(Past) D Aj N & P D N & to Vt &.P Np & be T(Past) “& Np (S)
(del) & Vtg T(Pres) &,Np (IO) & Q Aj (PN) & R (del) Np have
T(PreS)1” PP 1 & VP 1 & PP 2 &,NP 1 & PP 3 & R~c1 1 (S) &

PP 4 & R~c1 1 (cont.) & PP 5 & VP 2 &,NP 2 & VP 3 & NP 3 &

NP 4 & R~c1 2. This is compoundwcomplex and used for
reflection.

Np (S) & Vi T(Past), &:Np (S) & Vi T(Past) AV'& Pin & P D N;
&.Np (S) & Vt T(Past) & P Np & D D N (DO): & M T(Past) & Np
(S) & Av Vt &flNp (DO) &.Av C not? NP 1 & VP 1 & NP 2 & VP 2 &

PP 1 &.PP 2 &,NP 3 & VP 3 & PP 3 &:NP 4 & VP 4 &CNP 5 &

(289)

(290)

(291)

(292)

(293)

304
(cont.) VP 4 (cont.) &JNP 6 & VP 4 (cont.). This is compound
and used for reflection.
Excl & to have D N (S) & be T(Past) & to Vi_(PN)——& C to Vi
(S), & S (del) N Vi T(Past), & S Np Vi T(Past) Av, & be
T(Past), & P D Aj N, & not to have Viwen (PN)! Ex 1 &‘NP 1 &
VP 1 & NP 2 &ZNP 3 & S-cl 1 & S—cl 2 & VP 2 & PP 1 &.NP 4.
This is compound-complex and used for reflection.
Not to have Vi-en (S)--& Np (S) &.be T(Past) & D'N C D N (PN)
--& be T(Past) Av Av & not to Vi (PN); & be T(Past) &,P N & é!
tthDN (PN)&PDN(de1), &PDAjCAjN. NP1&NP2&
VP2&NP3&VP1&NP4&VP1(cont.)&PPl8zNP58zPP 2
& PP 3. This is compound and used for reflection.
QAVMT(Past) &Np (8) &Vi &C QAvMT(Past) &Np (8) &Vi?
VP 1 &:NP 1 & VP 1 (cont.) & VP 2 &JNP 2 & VP 2 (cont.). This
is compound and used for reflection.
Expl & be T(Past) Av &,N (S) to Vt Np; & C D N (S) & have
T(Past) AV Vi—enu—Av AV & P D N & P D‘N. Ex 1 & VP 1 &:NP 1
&,NP 2 & VP 2 & PP 1 &.PP 2. This is compound and used for
reflection.
Viuen Av Av, & P N, & Aj, & C P D N & P D N Av Av ViHen, & Av
Vt-ing N & P D Aj N~~&.P D N &,P N & D N (s) D & have T(Past)
Vimen; & C N (S) & P N & Av Vt T(Past) Av & D N (DO) & P R.Np
have T(Past) Viuen Av; NP 1 &.PP 1 &,NP 1 (cont.) & PP 2 &
PP 3 &:NP 1 (cont.) & PP 4 & PP 5 &.PP 6 &.NP 1 (cont.) & VP 1
8:NP 2 & PP 7 & VP 2 &HNP 3 & R~c1 1. This is compound-

complex and used for reflection.

 

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(296)

(297)

(298)

(299)

305
Np (S) & have T(Past) Vi—en Av & P D Aj N; & P D Aj N, & P Np,
& P D N & P N: NP 1 & VP 1 & PP 1 & PP 2 & PP 3 & PP 4 & PP 5
This is simple and used for reflection.
Np (S) &.Av Vi T(Past), Ave~& C'Np (S) & M T(Past) Vt & D'N
(DO); & Q Av, & P D N, & have T(Past) & Np (S) & be-en Viaen,
& Q Av & P Av & have T(Past) &:Np (S) & C Vi—en C Vi-en. NP 1
& VP 1 & NP 2 & VP 2 &.NP 3 & VP 3 & PP l & VP 3 (cont.) &
NP 4 & VP 3 (cont.) & VP 4 & PP 2 & VP 4 (cont.) &QNP 5 & VP 4
(cont.). This is compound and used for reflection.
Expl & be T(Past) & D N (PN) & P D N & 3 Av & s, & P Np's
Vt~ing D N & P D N, & C AV P (del) Vt—ing (del) D N C D N, & P
N, & P D N, &.D D N & P D Aj N & M T(Past) have be—en Vi~en, D
Aj N Vi—en, D N Vi-en~~& Expl & be T(Past) & Aj (PN), & C Expl
& be T(Past) Av &.Aj C Aj (PN), &.S N M T(Past) have, &.P D N,
& Av Vi-en & P Np. Ex 1 & VP 1 &.NP 1 & PP 1 & S~c1 l (S) &
S~C1 2 & PP 2 & PP 3 & PP 4 & PP 5 & PP 6 & PP 7 & S~c1 2
(cont.) & PP 8 & S-cl 2 (cont.) & Ex 2 & VP 2 & NP 2 & Ex 3 &
VP 3 &.NP 3 & S~c1 1 (cont.) & PP 9 & S~c1 1 (cont.) & PP 10.
This is compound~comp1ex and used for reflection.
Nu—xz Np (S) &Vi T(Past) &PNp; 81 C Cnot, Av, &P DDN, 81
S Np Vt T(Past) D N C D N, & C S, Q Av Av, Np Vt T(Past) D N.
PP 1 & NP 1 & VP 1 & PP 1 (cont.) & Sucl 1 & PP 2 & chl 1
(cont.) & S-cl 2. This is complex and used for reflection.
S Np Vt T(Pres) & S (del) Np “Vi” T(Past) &.P Np &.Np (S) & Vt
T(Pres)&DN (DO)&PDN &PDN&R~.--&PDNAV&PNth
not Q Aj--& Np M T(Past) Vi Av, Np Vi T(Past) Av & P D N.

S~c1 l & S~c1 2 & PP l & NP 1 & VP 1 & NP 2 & PP 2 & PP 3 &

 

(299)

(300)

(301)

(302)

(304)

306
(cont.) R~c1 l & PP 4 & PP 5 & Racl 1 (cont.) & PP 6. This is
complex and used for narration.
Np (S) & M T(Past)'not Vt & Np (D0)—~& Np (S) & Vi T(Past) Av
& S Np M T(Past) & §_Np M T(Past): &:Np (S) & M T(Past) Av Av
Vi Av & P (del) D N, & to Vt, to Vt, &.S Np M T(Past)'not.

NP 1 & VP 1 &,NP 2 & NP 3 & VP 2 & chl 1 & S-cl 2 &‘NP 4 &

‘1

VP 3 & PP 1 & VP 3 (cont.) & S~c1 3. This is compound-complex
and used for reflection.
Np (S) & have T(Past) Av & D N (D0), & Av & P D Aj N & P R.N

be T(Past) Vtg~en Np; & Av & P D N Aj & C P (del) D N Aj Av &

 

P D Aj N & P N. NP 1 & VP 1 &.NP 2 & VP 1 (cont.) & PP l &
R—cl 1 & VP 1 (cont.) & PP 2 & PP 3 & PP 4 & PP 5. This is
complex and used for exposition.

Np (S) & Vi T(Past) & S S Expl have T(Past) be-en N to Vi, & C
D N (S), & S Np Vi T(Past), & be T(Past) & D D N (PN). NP 1 &
VP 1 & S~c1 1 &‘NP 2 & S~c1 2 & VP 2 & NP 3. This is
compound~complex and used for narration.

”S Np M T(Past)'not Av~~&.Np (S) (del) & be (del) T(Pres)
(de1)& Aj (PN): 81 Np (S) 451 Vt T(Pres) 81 Np (D0) 8: C Np (S)
&Vi T(Pres) Av." S-«cl 1 &NP 1 &VP 1 &NP 2 &NP .3 3: VP 2
& NP 4 & NP 5 & VP 3. This is compoundwcomplex and used for
reflection.

"Np (S) & Vt T(Pres) &CNp (DO) & P P D N & Av & P N: &in (S)
& Vt T(Pres) &:Np (DO) &.S & P N Aj C Aj~~& Np (DO) &.M T(Pre§
& Np (S) & Vt?~~& Np Np & P Np & M T(Past) have Vi~en.“ NP 1
& VP 1 & NP 2 & PP 1 & VP 1 (cont.) & PP 2 &,NP 3 & VP 2 &

NP 4 & Sucl 1 & PP 3 &:NP 5 & VP 3 &flNP 6 & VP 3 (cont.) &

307

(304) (cont.) S~c1 1 (cont.) & PP 4 & Sacl 1 (cont.). This is
compound~comp1ex and used for reflection.

(305) “Np (S) & Vt T(Pres) &UNp (DO) &.Av, & C, P Vi—en C Viwen & S,
& S (del) Np Vi T(Pres), &‘Np have T(Pres) Av be—en Vi-en & P
N, &.Np (S) & Vi T(Pres), & Np (S) & Vi T(Pres)~-Av, & P D N,
& to Vi Av.” NP 1 & VP 1 & NP 2 &.VP 1 (cont.) & PP 1 & S~cll
& S~c1 2 & S~cl 1 (cont.) & PP 2 &iNP 3 & VP 2 &QNP 4 & VP 3 &
PP 3 & VP 3 (cont.). This is compoundacomplex and used for
reflection.

(306) "Excl &‘Np (S) (del) & Vi T(Pres) AV~~& C Np (S) (del) & Vt
T(Pres)&l‘ip(D0)'.” Exl &NP 1&VP 1 &NP 2&VP 2&NP 3.
This is compound and used for reflection.

(307) Np (S), & P N & be T(Past) & D Aj N (PN) & P D Aj N_~Aj, Aj,
Aj, &.S Np Vt T(Past) Np to be. NP 1 & PP 1 & VP 1 &iNP 2 &
PP 2 & S-cl 1. This is complex and used for reflection.

(308) Np (S) & Vt T(Past) & Np (DO) & P D N, & Np (S) & Vi T(Past)
Av; & C Av Av &CNp (S) & Vt T(Past) & Q Av S Np have T(Past)
be—en Viuen. NP 1 & VP 1 &.NP 2 & PP 1 & NP 3 & VP 2 & VP 3 &
NP 4 & VP 3 (cont.) & S~cl 1 (DO). This is compounducomplex
and used for narration.

(509) Np (S) & Vt T(Past) & D‘N (DO), & Vtuing Av D N, Aj, & S (del)
Np Vi T(Past), & Av & P D N, & C Vtaing AV, & Vt—en Np S Np M
T(Past), & D N & P D N; & P Np, & P D‘N, &.Np (S) & Vt T(Past)
&Np(D0)&PDDN &PDN. NP 1 &VP 1 &NP 2&NP 1(cont.)
& Sucl l & NP 1 (cont.) & PP 1 &‘NP 1 (cont.) & S~c1 2 &.NP 1
(cont.) & PP 2 & PP 3 & PP 4 &‘NP 3 & VP 2 &:NP 4 & PP 5 &

PP 6. This is compounducomplex and used for narration.

 

(310)

(311)

(312)

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308
Np (S) & Vt T(Past) Av & R.Np have T(Past) not Av Vt-en & P D
N~-~& Np (S) 81 Vt T(Past) 81 D D N (DO), 8: Np (D0) 81 P Np 8: P D
N, & C Vt T(Past) Av & D N (DO) & P D N; & R (del) be (del)
T(Past) (del) D N & R (del) Np M T(Past) have Viwen & P D N Aj
& P D Aj N & P D N. NP 1 & VP 1 & R-cl 1 (DO) & PP 1 &iNP 2 &
VP 2 & NP 3 & NP 4 & PP 2 & PP 3 & VP 2 (cont.) & NP 5 & PP 4
& R~c1 2 & R~cl 3 & PP 5 & PP 6 & PP 7. This is compound~
complex and used for narration.
D N (S) & be T(Past) Vi~en Av, & O‘Np (S) &.M T(Past)'not Vi~~

Vi-en & P D N & C P (del) D N, & R Vte T(Past) Np Aj Av & S Np

 

M T(Past) Av Vi Av. NP 1 &VP 1 &NP 2 &VP 2 &VP 1(cont.)
& PP 1 & PP 2 & chl 1 & S~cl 1. This is compound—complex and
used for reflection.

D Aj N (fS)---& P {de1)D D N Q Aj Av & P D Aj Aj N~~2sz be T(Past)
8: P N, 5: P N; & Np (8)81 Vi T(Past) Av Av to be 8: P Np 8: Av,
AV & P Np & S Np be T(Past) Av Viuen; &‘Np (S) & Vi T(Past) &
P P D Aj Aj N, & P (del) D Aj Aj N, & P (del) D N & P D N C D
N, & P (del) D NuN Av Aj. NP 1 & PP l a PP 2 & VP 1 & PP 3 &
PP 4 & NP 2 & VP 2 & PP 5 & VP 2 (cont.) & S~cl l & PP 6 &
chl 1 (cont.) &LNP 3 & VP 3 & PP 7 & PP 8 & PP 9 & PP 10 &

PP 11. This is compoundwcomplex and used for exposition and
narration.

Np (S) & M T(Past) have Vtwen & D N (DO) & P N; &.Np (S) & M
T(Past) have Vtaen Av & D Aj N (D0) & P D N D N, & RINp have
T(Past) Av Av Vtwen to Vt, & C be T(Past) not & Aj {PN) & S &
S D N have T(Past) Vi & P N & Np M T(Past)'not have Vtwen D N

toVi&PN&PN,&tthNp,&PDN,&PDAjN. NP182

(313)

(314)

{315)

(316)

309
(cont.) VP 1 & NP 2 & PP 1 & NP 3 & VP 2 &‘NP 4 & PP 2 & chll
& VP 2 (cont.) &:NP 5 & S~cl 1 & chl 2 & PP 3 & chl 1(cont.)
& PP 4 & PP 5 & PP 6 & PP 7. This is compoundwcomplex and
used for reflection.
D N (S) & R M T(Past)'not have be~en Q Aj C Q Aj, & D N (S) &
R M T(Past) have Vtwen D N C Vtwen D N, & P D D N, & P P D N,
& be T(Past) not & Aj (PN) & P Np: &.Np (S) & be T(Past) Av
Vi—en & P D N & P Vtwing D N~~& P D N & P D N &.R (del) Np
have T(Past) Av Vtuen & P D Aj N~~& S D N & P Np & Vi T(Past)

Av C N have T(Past) Vt~en Q Av D N & P N. NP 1 & R~cl l &

 

NP 2 & R~C1 2 & PP 1 & PP 2 & VP 1 & NP 3 & PP 3 &INP 4 & VP 2
a PP 4 & PP 5 & PP 6 & PP 7 & R-cl 3 & PP 8 & S-cl 1 & PP 9 &
chl 1 (cont.) & PP 10. This is compoundwcomplex and used for
reflection.

S Expl have T(Past) bemen D N Viwen & P D N & P D N, & AV’NP a
P D Aj N & Viwen & P N C N & C AV Viwen Vi~ing AV, & Np (S) &
M.T{Past) have Vt~en AV, AV & P D NwN, & to Vt (DO) & P Aj N C
N D N & P N. S~c1 1 & PP l & PP 2 & S~c1 1 (cont.) & PP 3 &
84:1 1 (cont.) & PP 4 & Smcl 1 (cont.) & NP 1 & VP 1 & PF 5 &
NP 2 & PP 6 & PP 7. This is complex and used for reflection.
S Expl have T(Past) beuen D D A) N & S Np have T(Past) Viuen &
PDN &PN,&DAJN~N &PDN&PAjNC‘DAjN,&Np (8)81
M T(Past) have Vtwen & Np (DO) & P Np & P D N~~& Excl, & P D
Aj N. S~C1 1 & S—cl 2 & PP 1 & PP 2 & S~c1 1 (cont.) & PP 3 a
PP 4 & NP 1 & VP 1 & NP 2 & PP 5 & PP 6 & Ex 1 & PP 7. This

is complex and used for reflection.

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{319)

(320)

310

Np (S) & Vt T;Past) N D N (DO), & S D N Vi T Past), & P (del)
D N 81 P N, 8: C Av—~& P D N 81 P 8; S (del) Np Av Vi T(Past), Av
A», &.Q Avuwx V: 1 Past) &‘Np (DO), & P P D N &'P DiN N P DIV
& P N & P D AJ N, & Vi~ing AV & P AJ N. NP 1 a VP 1 & NP 2 N
& chl 1 & PP 1 & PP 2 & VP 1 (cont.) & PP 3 & PP 4 & S~c1 2 &
PP 4 (cont.) & VP 1 (cont.) & NP 3 & PP 5 & PP 6 a PP 7 a PP 8
& PP 9 & NP 3 (cont.) & PP 10. This is complex and used for
reflection.

Expl & Vi T Past) a P Np & S (del) Np have T(Past) Viwen a P

(del) D N & P D N & P D Aj Aj N; & D N (S) a P D N & be T Past'

& D & P D N~~& Q Av, &.P C P D Aj N & P Aj C Q Aj N, & D N C D
N (S) & Vi T(Past). Ex 1 & VP 1 & PP l & chl l (S) & PP 2 &
PP 3 a PP 4 &.NP 1 & PP 5 & VP 2 &.NP 1 (cont.) & PP 6 & VP 3
& PP 7 & PP 8 &,NP 2 & VP 3. This is compoundwcomplex and
used for reflection and exposition.

HaVe T(Past) 8; Np (S) 8. Av, & S (del) Np Vt T(Past) Np, dz P
(del) D Aj—Aj N, & R have T(Past) Vt an to V1 A] & P D A) N, a
have I Past) a Np (S) & Av Vt~en & Q A] {PN) & P D N N P D N”
VP 1 & NP 1 a VP 1 Scent.) & S~c1 1 & PP 1 & chl 1 & PP 2 &
VP 1 (;ont.) N NP 2 & VP 1 (cont.) & NP 3 & PP 3 & PP 4. This
is complex and used for refle;tion and exposition.

Aj Aj N (S), &.AJ Aj N (S) & V: T(Past) Av, Ax, &.P D N & P N,
& P D Aj N, &.D N (DO) & P Aj N, & C'Np (S) & be T(Past) & P D
A) Aj N & S N Av V1 T(Past) Aj~~D D Av & S D N & P N & be
T(Past), Q Av, Av 8; P N, 8; Vtuing & P Np a R D N Np have
T(Past) Vtwen & P Np. NP 1 & NP 2 & VP 1 & PP 1 & PP 2 & PP 3

& NP 3 & PP 4 & NP 4 & VP 2 & PP 5 & S~c1 1 (PN) & S~c1 2 &

VA

 

 

I I“ f). 1"“! '__-— nu;

r

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(323)

(324)

311
(cont.) PP 6 & S-cl 2 (cont.) & PP 7 & S-cl 2 (cont.) & PP 8 &
R-cl 1 & PP 9. This is compound-complex and used for
exposition and reflection.
Np (S) & Vi T(Past) Av & P D N, &.Vt T(Past) & R have T(Past)
Vi-en & P D N-N (& Np (S) & have T(Past) Vt-en &:N (DO) & P N
--& not, & P P D Aj N, &:N (D0) & P N) & C D Aj N (S) & P D N
& be T(Past) Av & D Aj, D Aj N (PN) & P D N &.P R.Np be T(Past)
Av Vi-en Av. NP 1 &.VP 1 & PP 1 & VP 1 (cont.) & R-cl 1 (DO)
& PP 2 & NP 2 & VP 2 & NP 3 & PP 3 & VP 2 (cont.) & PP 4 &

NP 4 & PP 5 & NP 5 & PP 6 & VP 3 &:NP 6 & PP 7 & R-cl 2. This

 

is compound-complex and used for narration.

D Aj N (S) & P D D Aj N & have T(Past) be-en & D Aj N (PN) & P
N, &.C Np (S) & M T(Past) Av Vi AV &.P N & P P D Aj N. NP 1 &
PP 1 &.VP 1 &.NP 2 & PP 2 &:NP 3 & VP 2 & PP 3 & PP 4. This
is compound and used for narration.

Av & P Q Av Aj &‘Np (S) & be T(Past) & Aj (PN) & Av & P D N
Vt-ing--& P N & P D Aj N--& Aj N; & P Vt-ing D N & P D N & S
Np have T(Past) Vl-en Aj & P D N & P D Aj N & P N & P P Av
be-ing&PDN&DN&PDNp. VP1&PP1&NP1&VP1
(cont.) &,NP 2 & VP 1 (cont.) & PP 2 & PP 3 & PP 4 & PP 2
(cont.) & PP 5 & PP 6 & S-cl 1 & PP 7 & PP 8 & PP 9 & PP 10 &
PP 11 & PP 10 (cont.) & PP 12. This is complex and used for
exposition.

Np (S) &Vt T(Past)&DN (DO) Aj Qto Vt Np; &CNp (S) &
have T(Past) & D N (DO), & R Vt T(Past) & P D‘N & Np D. NP 1
& VP 1 & NP 2 &iNP 3 & VP 2 & NP 4 & R—cl 1 & PP 1 & R-cl 1

(cont.). This is compound-complex and used for exposition.

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(327)

(328)

(329)

312
Expl & be T(Past) & D N (S) & P D N &.P D N &.to Vi (PN), & C
Av M T(Past) &Np (S) & Vt &Np (D0) & P Np & s DN & R(de1)
Np have T(Past) Vtuen Viwen & be T(Past) & P'N & Aj. Ex 1 &
VP 1 &.NP 1 & PP 1 & PP 2 &.NP 2 & VP 2 & NP 3 & VP 2 (cont.)
& NP 4 & PP 3 & S—cl 1 & Rucl 1 & S—cl 1 (cont.) & PP 4 &
S~c1 1 (cont.). This is compound~complex and used for

reflection.

mur- i-un.‘ my

Np (S) & M T(Past) Vi & P D N & R D N have T(Past) Av be-en &

PNp&DN &PN,&DN VtgueantoVi, Vi, Vi&PDN&CAv

AV Vt Np. NP 1 & VP 1 & PP 1 & R~C1 1 & PP 2 & R-cl 1 (cont.)

 

& PP 3 & Rucl 1 (cont.) & PP 4 & Rucl 1 (cont.). This is
complex and used for reflection.

D N (S) & Vi T(Past) Av, &Np (S) 5: Vi T(Past); 81 C R Np Vt
T(Past) & P Np 8: Vi T(Past) Av Av 81 P D N 81 P N 81 R (de1)D Aj
N, C Av D Aj N, have T(Past) Vi~en. NP 1 & VP 1 &HNP 2 & VP 2
& Rucl l (S) & PP 1 & VP 3 & PP 2 & PP 3 & Rmcl 2. This is
compoundmcomplex and used for reflection.

D N (S) & P D “N,” & R Np be T(Past), 81 Viwing Av 81 P Np to Vi
-~& D N (S) & have T(Past) not Av be-en & Q Aj (PN) & P D N &
S S Np Vi T(Past) Av & P D N & P R N M T(Past) have Viuen & P
Np. NP 1 & PP 1 & Rucl 1 & PP 1 (cont.) & PP 2 & NP 2 & VP 1
& NP 3 & PP 3 & S-cl 1 & PP 4 & Rucl 2 &.PP 5. This is
complex and used for exposition.

C, P D D N, & C Q AV'P D D N, &:Np (S) & M T(Past) Vi Av-—& Np
(S) & Vi T(Past) Av 81 P Av Vi—ing. PP 1 & PP 2 &NP 1 & VP 1

&‘NP 2 & VP 2 & PP 3. This is compound and used for narration.

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(331)

(332)

(333)

(334)

313
D N (S) & be T(Past) & Q Aj (PN) & C D N (S) & be(de1) T(Past)
(del) & Q Aj (PN): & Np (S) & Vt T(Past) & P D N & D Aj N (DO).
NP 1 &.VP 1 &‘NP 2 & NP 3 & VP 2 &:NP 4 & NP 5 & VP 3 & PP 1 &
NP 6. This is compound and used for exposition.
Np (S) & Vt T(Past)~-& Excl, & S Np have T(Past) Av Vtaen N-~&
3, gm Vt T(Pres) DN Aj, NpMT(Past) QQAv beDN &PNp.
NP 1 & VP 1 & Ex 1 & Smcl 1 & S~c1 2 (DO) & S~c1 3 & S-cl 2
(cont.) & PP 1. This is complex and used for narration and
reflection.
Np (S) & M T(Past) Vt & S D N & P D N~~& C D N (S) & be T(Past)
& D AjiN (PN)_~& be T(Past) Q Av & P N & C P Aj N; & C R Vt
T(Past) Np Av & P D N & be T(Past) & D N (PN) &.R Np M T(Past)
Vt & P Np. NP 1 & VP 1 & chl 1 (DO) & PP 1 &.NP 2 & VP 2 &
NP 3 & S-cl 1 (cont.) & PP 2 & PP 3 & Rucl l (S) & PP 4 & VP 3
& NP 4 & R~c1 2 & PP 4. This is compoundwcomplex and used for
reflection and narration.
Np (S) & M T(Past) Vt &.Np (DO) & AV AV & P D N & R (del) Np
have T(Past) Vtmen Av, & C P D N, & be Aj N C Aj N Q Aj & S Np
M T(Past), &.Np (S) & Vt T(Past) & Np (DO) Av Av Av Vt D N & P
DN. NP 1&VP1&NP2&VP1(cont.)&PP 1&R-~c1 1&PP2
& VP 2 & S~c1 1 & NP 3 & VP 2 (cont.) &.NP 4 & PP 3. This is
compound~complex and used for reflection.
DAjN(DO)&PNp&Np (S)&PN&MT(Past) Vt; &CNp (8)8:
&:M T(Past) Av Vt &:Np (DO) & P Vi-ing & P N &.P N. NP 1 &
PP l &;NP 2 &.PP 2 & VP 1 &.NP 3 & VP 2 &,NP 4 & PP 3 & PP 4 &

PP 5. This is compound and used for reflection.

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(336)

(337)

(338)

(339)

314
Np (S) & have T(Past) & D Aj N (D0) to Vi Av, & D N (S) & be
T(Past) Av Av; &CNp (S) &Av Vt T(Past) & SN AvM T(Past)
Vt Np. NP 1 & VP 1 &,NP 2 &‘NP 3 & VP 2 & NP 4 & VP 3 & S—c11
(DO). This is compoundmcomplex and used for reflection.
Np (S) & Vi T(Past) Av & P S Np have T(Past) Vt~en Np~~& Av to
Vi Av (S) & be T(Past) Av &.P N~~& C, Viuing Av & P D Aj N, &
Vt T(Past) & Aj N C Aj N (DO) & Av; NP 1 & VP 1 & S-cl 1 &
NP 2&VP 2&PP 1&NP 1 (cont.)&PP 2&VP 1(cont.)&NP 3
& VP 1 (cont.). This is compound—complex and used for
narration.
Av beT(Past)&DN (S)&PDN, &PDAjAj AjN CDAjN to
Vi Av. VP 1 & NP 1 &.PP l & PP 2. This is simple and used
for exposition.
D N (S) & be T(Past) Av & P N, & C D‘N (S) & be T(Past) & Aj
(PN)&PDN, &C,Av, &SNp haveT(Past)&PDN&PN&V1
Aj &.P Np, &flNp (S) & Vi T(Past) Av & P N. NP 1 & VP 1 & PP 1
&.NP 2 &.VP 2 & NP 3 & PP 2 & VP 3 & Smcl 1 & PP 3 & PP 4 &
Sucl 1 (cont.) & PP 5 &.NP 4 & VP 3 & PP 6. This is compound“
complex and used for exposition.
Np (S) & M T(Past)'not have Viuen, & D N (S) & P D N & M
T(Past) have Vt-en & Np (DO), & C D Aj N C N (S) & P “Viuing &
P D N” (& C Av C Av) & M (del) T(Past) (del) have Vlmen & Av
Aj (PN); &:C Np (S) & Vt T(Past) Av & to Vt Np Vi (DO), & C S
Np have T(Past) Vt-en D Aj N-~Vt-ing Np Av & P D N, & C Q Av-—
& D'N (S) & P N & Vt T(Past) &:P Np & D‘N (DO) & P N. NP 1 &
VP 1 & NP 2 & PP 1 & VP 2 &.NP 3 & NP 4 & PP 2 & PP 3 & PP 2

(cont.) & VP 3 &‘NP 5 &:NP 6 & VP 4 & NP 7 & S~c1 1 & PP 4 &

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(341)

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(343)

315
(cont.) Smcl 1 (cont.) & NP 8 &,PP 5 & VP 5 & PP 6 &QNP 9 &
PP 7. This is compound~comp1ex and used for narration.
DN (S), &Av, V1 T(Past) &Aj (PN), &DN (S) &PN &Av V1
(del) T(Past) (del) & Aj (PN); & D Aj N (S), & P D‘Np & P R D
N Vi T(Past), & Vi T(Past) & P D Aj N & PZN &.P N; & Av D Aj N
(S)&RVtT(Past)DN&PDAjN8th T(Past)&PNp&DN
(D0) & P R.Np M T(Past) Vi, & C R M T(Past) have be~en, & P N
& P N, & D Aj Aij. NP 1 & VP 1 &.NP 2 &.NP 3 & PP 1 & VP 2 &
NP 4 & NP 5 & PP 2 & R~c1 l & VP 3 & PP 3 & PP 4 & PP 5 &.NP 6
& R-cl 2 & PP 6 & VP 4 & PP 7 & NP 7 & Rmcl 3 & R~c1 4 & PP 8
& PP 9 & R-cl 4 (cont.). This is compoundwcomplex and used
for exposition.
Np (S) & Vt T(Past) & to Vi (DO) & P N Aj, & S S D N be T(Past)
Q Aj, D Aj N; & C DIN (S) & Vt T(Past) &.D N (DO) & Av & P D
Aj N & P R Np be T(Past) Av to Vt Np. NP 1 & VP 1 &.NP 2 &
PP 1 & S~C1 l &.NP 3 & VP 2 &flNP 4 & VP 2 (cont.) &.PP 2 &
R—cl 1. This is compoundwcomplex and used for narration.
Np (S) & M T(Past) Vi Av Av, &.D N (S), & D‘N (S)w~& Np (S) &
MT(Past) Vi QAV&SNpMT‘:;Past). NP 1 &VP 1 &NP 2 &NP 3
&,NP 4 & VP 2 & S-cl 1. This is compound~comp1ex and used for
reflection.
P D N &,P D N &.Np (S) & have T(Past) Vi—en & P D N, & C P D N
& P D N, & P AV’NP D Vi-en, &:Np (S) & Vt T(Past) & D'N (DO) &
PDAjN,&PAj—AjN,&PDAjN&PN-N,&PDAJ°N&PDN.
PP 1 & PP 2 & NP 1 & VP 1 & PP 3 & PP 4 &,PP 5 & PP 6 &‘NP 2 &
VP 2 & NP 3 &,PP 7 & PP 8 & PP 9 & PP 10 & PP 11 & PP 12.

This is compound and used for narration.

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(345)

(346)

(347)

(348)

(349)

316
Np (S) & be T(Past) & D N (PN) & P D N, & R Vt T(Past) D N & P
D Np & C R.Np Av Vt T(Past) Viuen--& S & P D Aj N &:Np Vi
T(Past)AvtthDAjN&PDN~-&PDAjN&PDN. NP181
VP1&NP2&PP1&R-cl1&PP2&R-cl2&S-C11&PP3&
S-cl 1 (cont.) & PP 4 & PP 5 & PP 6. This is complex and used
for narration.
P DiN & Av &:Np (S) & Vi T(Past), & S Np M T(Past) have Vi—en
&.P D Aj N, & Av; &flNp (S) &.have T(Past) Vt-en &fiNp (D0) to
ViCVtN,&CDN(S)&ViT(Past)&PDN&PDAjAj—C-AjN.
This is compound-complex and used for narration.
C R.Np Av Vt T(Past) & be T(Past) & S Av Av, &.P D N & P N
Vt-ingin & P P Aj Aj N, & DiN be T(Past) Vi-en & P R.Np M
T(Past) have Vt-en Av & S Vt T(Past) D Aj N. R-cl 1 (S) &
VP 1 & S—cl 1 (PN) &.PP 1 & PP 2 & PP 3 & S-cl 1 (cont.) &
R-cl 2 & S—cl 2. This is complex and used for reflection.
D Aj N (S), Av Aj Av, 8. be T(Past) 8; Q Aj (PN)--& c Np (S) &
haveT(Past)AV&PN&tthNp (DO)&PDN. NP1&VP1&
NP 2 &.NP 3 & VP 2 & PP 1 & NP 4 & PP 2. This is compound and
used for reflection.
Np (S) &.Vi T(Past) Av Av, &.Np (S) & Vt T(Past) & D‘N (DO)
Vt-ing D N &:P D Aj N; & C S Av Av Np Vi T(Past) & P (del) D‘N
&Np (S)&beT(Past)Av&PDN&PDN8zPAjN. NP181
VP1&NP2&VP2&NP3&PP1&S—c11&PP2&NP4&VP3
& PP 3 &.PP 4 & PP 5. This is compound-complex and used for
narration.
Np (S) & Vt T(Past) & Np (DO) Vt-en D N--& R Vi T(Past) Av & P

DAjN&PDN&PDN. NP1&VP1&NP2&R-c11&PP1&

 

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(350)

(351)

(352)

(353)

317
(cont.) PP 2 & PP 3. This is Complex and used for narration.
Av be T(Past) &:N (S) & Av, & C N (S) Q Aj; & S S D N-N C D Aj
NéN &.P D N & be T(Past) Vi-ing Av &.P D'N; & R (del) be (del)
T(Past) (del) D N Vi-en, & S (del) Np & P (del) D Aj'N & Vi
T(Past),&PDN&PRNViT(Past)AV,&RDAjN8zPDAjN
& have T(Past) be-en Vi-en Q Av. VP 1 &JNP l & VP 1 (cont.) &
NP 2 & S-cl 1 & PP 1 & S-cl 1 (cont.) & PP 2 & R-cl 1 & S-cl 2
&PP3&S—c12(cont.)&PP4&R-cl2&R—c13&PP5&
R—cl 3 (cont.). This is complex and used for exposition.
PPNpAv8zDIi(S)&ViT(Past)&PNp,&Vt-ingDN,&SNp
Vi T(Past), & Av-Vi-en & P D N, & S Np have T(Past) Vi-en, & P
DN&PDN,&PDN&PDDN. PP1&NP1&VP1&PP2&
NP 1 (cont.) & S-cl l &‘NP 1 (cont.) & PP 3 & S-cl 2 & PP 4 &
PP 5 & PP 6 & PP 7. This is complex and used for narration.
S Np have T(Past) Vt-en D Np Aj, & have T(Past)'not &.Np (S) &
Vt-en & D‘Np (DO) Aj, & C be T(Past)'not &flNp (S) & Av & P Q
AjN8zPDAjAjN? S~c11&VP1&NP1&VP1(cont.)&
NP2&VP2&NP3&VP2(Cont.)&PP1&PP 2. Thisis
compound-complex and used for reflection.
Np (S) & be T(Past) & P Aj, & DZN (S), & P DiN & P D N, & C D
N (S) & Vt T(Past) & N (DO) & Av C Vi T(Past) to Vt Np & P D
AjN&PRDAjAjN,Vi-ingAszPDAjAjN,&VtT(Past)D
Aj N, D Aj Aj N & R Vi T(Past) to Vi D‘Np &.S Np Vi T(Past)--&
to Vi C Vi C Vi. NP 1 &.VP 1 &.PP 1 &:NP 2 &.PP 2 & PP 3 &
NP 3 &.VP 2 & NP 4 & VP 2 (cont.) & PP 4 & R-cl 1 &.PP 5 &
R-cl 1 (cont.) & R-cl 2 & S-cl 1 & R-cl 2 (cont.). This is

compound-complex and used for exposition and narration.

 

318

(354) Np (S) & be T(Past) & S S Expl have T(Past) be-en'N &.P Np, &
Vi-en&PN&CVi-ing&PN&PDAjNAv,&P(de1)DAjN&
PDAjN&PDN, &PRDNbeT(Past)&PDN. NP1&VP1&
S-cl 1 & PP 1 & S-cl 1 (cont.) & PP 2 & S-cl 1 (cont.) & PP 3
& PP 4 & PP 5 & PP 6 & PP 7 & R-cl 1 & PP 8. This is complex
and used for exposition.

(355) D‘N (S) & Vt T(Past) & Np (DO) & AV'S Np Vi T(Past), & Vt
T(Past) & Np (DO) &.P Av Vt-ing C Vt-ing N, & S S & P Vi-ing &
P (del) D N &:P D N &:Np Vt T(Past) Np Vi & P D N & R Av be
T(Past) & P N &‘N to Vi, to Vi, to Vi, to Vi-AN Q Aj C Aj, C
to Vi & P Np & be T(Past) D N & P Np &.C P N & C P Aj N. NP 1
& VP 1 &:NP 2 & Sucl l & VP 1 (cont.) &XNP 3 &:PP l & S-cl 2 &
PP 2 & PP 3 & PP 4 & S-cl 2 (cont.) & PP 5 & R-cl 1 &.PP 6 &
Rucl 1 (cont.) & PP 7 & R-cl 1 (cont.) & PP 8 & PP 9 & PP 10.
This is complex and used for narration.

(356) D N (S), Aj C Aj, & be T(Past) & D Aj N (PN) & P D N & R Vi
T(Past) & P Np & P AV & P D'N Aj & P D N & C P D Aj-Aj N
Vt-ing D N. NP 1 & VP 1 &.NP 2 & PP 1 & Rucl 1 & PP 2 & PP 3
& PP 4 & PP 5 & PP 6. This is complex and used for exposition.

(357) N (S) & be T(Past) to Vt Av, be T(Past) to Vt C Vt Av, D Aj N
& R (del) Np have T(Past) Vt-en & P D N &.P D‘N. NP 1 & VP 1
& R—cl 1 & PP 1 & PP 2. This is complex and used for narration.

(358) Np (S) &Vt T(Past), &PDAj Aj Aj N, &DAjN (DO) v1, &C
Np (S) &Vt T(Past) &Np (00) to be Vt—ingDDN &P R, &P Q
Aj N, & D'N & P D N & have T(Past) Vi—en. NP 1 & VP 1 & PP 1
& NP 2 & NP 3 & VP 2 &:NP 4 & R-cl 1 &,PP 2 & R—cl 1 (cont.) &

PP 3 & R—cl 1 (cont.). This is compound—complex and used

 

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(360)

(361)

(362)

(363)

319
(cont.) for narration.
Np (S) &Vi T(Past), &Np (S) &Vi T(Past), &Np (S) & be
T(Past) &N (PN), &Np (S) 81 be T(Past) &N (PN), &DN (PN) &
PDAjN. NP1&VP1&NP2&VP2&NP3&VP3&NP4&
NP 5 &,VP 4 & NP 6 &.NP 7 & PP 1. This is compound and used
for narration.
Aj C Aj, Aj C Aj, D'N (S) &.P D D N C N &‘Vi T(Past) Av to Vt
Np & P D N to Vi. NP 1 &.PP l & VP 1 & PP 2. This is simple
and used for narration.
Np (PN) Av & M T(Past) &Np (S) 8: be--& Np (PN) Av 81 SNp Vt
T(Past), & P DiN, & S & R Vte T(Past) D N Aj & be T(Past) D N
& P Aj N &.R Vt T(Past) & C P R, Q Av & P be-ing Vi-en & P N,
&.Np be T(Past) Vi-en & P P Aj N. NP 1 & VP 1 &:NP 2 & VP 1
(cont.) & NP 3 & S~cl l & PP 1 & chl 2 & R-cl 1 & S-cl 2
(cont.) & PP 2 & R—cl 2 & R—cl 3 & PP 3 & PP 4 & Rucl 3(cont.)
& PP 5. This is complex and used for narration.
C N (S), &.P Np, & Vt T(Past) &:Np (DO) Av; & P DiN & P Np &
Av, & P D Aj N, & Aj C Aj-~& P (del) D Aj N, & P (del) D Aj N,
81P (del)DAj AjN CAj AjN, &P (de1)DAjN8zPN-N, &P
Aj AjN—N, &PAjAjNCAj N, &PAjNCAjN-NCAjN. NP 1
& PP 1 & VP 1 8LNP 2 & VP 1 (cont.) & PP 2 & PP 3 & PP 2
(cont.) & PP 4 & PP 2 (cont.) & PP 5 & PP 6 & PP 7 & PP 8 &
PP 9 & PP lO & PP 11 & PP 12. This is simple and used for
narration and exposition.
D N (S) & P D Aj Aj N & M.T(Past) have Vt—en &pr (DO) & P D
N, &Vt T(Past) &Np (DO)&PPDN &PDN, &S S Expl have

T(Past) be-en "N," & P D Aj N, & P D D'N C N. This is complex

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(367)

320
(cont.) and used for reflection.
D'N (S), &,P DiN, & have T(Past) Vl—en, & S Np Vt T(Past) Np,
&Aj (PN)-«&DN (PN), &PDN &PN, &PDN&PDN'sAjN.
NP 1 & PP 1 & VP 1 & S-cl 1 & NP 2 & NP 3 & PP 2 & PP 3 & PP 4
& PP 5. This is complex and used for narration.
D N (DO) & P N, &.S Np Vi T(Past), &.Np (S) & Vtg T(Past) &.Np
(IO); &CNp (S)&MT(Past)AVVi&PDDN &PDDN,&Vi&
PDN &RNp, Vi-ing Av8zPDAj, DAj, DAjN, &MT(Past)
'not beVi-en8zPDN. NP 181PP 1&NP 2&VP1&NP 3&NP4

&VP2&PP2&PP3&VP2(cont.)&PP4&R—c11&PP5&

 

R-cl 1 (cont.) & PP 6. This is compound—complex and used for
narration and reflection.

Be T(Past)'not & D N (S) &,P D Aj Aj N, Aj C AV Aj?--Q Aj C Q
Aj&S,&PPPDAjN&RVtT(Past)DNp,&P(de1)DN&R
Np &.P D N & have T(Past) Vt-en D N, & R be T(Past) Vi-en & P
N, & S S Np (del) be (del) T(Past) (del) Av Vi-en, &.D N be
T(Past) AV Vi—en C Vi-en. VP 1 &:NP 1 & PP 1 & Sucl l & PP 2
&R-cl 181PP 3&Rmcl 2&PP 4&Ruc1 2 (cont.)&R—cl 381
PP 5 & S-cl 2 & S-cl 1 (cont.). This is complex and used for
reflection and narration.

"Vi-en," Av, M T(Past) &:Np (S) & be?-—& N (S) & Vt T(Past) &
DN (DO)&SDDN &PDN&CDDN 81PDN &VtT(Past),&S
Np Vi T(Past), & D AjiN & R Vi T(Past) & P (del) D Aj N & P D
Aj N, & S DiN Vt T(Past) Np, & P (del) D N & P D Aj N. VP 1 &
NP 1 & VP 1 (cont.) &fiNP 2 & VP 2 &flNP 3 & S—cl 1 & PP 1 &
S-cl 1 (cont.) & PP 2 & S-cl 1 (cont.) & S—cl 2 & S-cl 1

(cont.) & R-cl 1 & PP 3 & PP 4 & S-cl 3 & PP 5 & PP 6. This

(367)

(368)

(369)

(370)

(371)

(372)

321
(cont.) is compound-complex and used for reflection and
narration.
D N (S), & S Np Vi T(Past), & Vt T(Past) & to Vi, to Vi (DO);
&Av,&PPViningSLPDN,&ViT(Past)&PDN&CVte
T(Past) & Np (DO) Aj C Aj (OC). 'NP 1 & S—cl 1 & VP 1 &ENP 2 &
VP 1 (cont.) & PP 1 & PP 2 & VP 1 (cont.) & PP 3 & VP 1
(cont.) &:NP 3. This is complex and used for narration.
N (S), & P D N, & have T(Past) Vi—en &,P N's N, & Vi-ing Av &
P D N & R (del) Np M T(Past)'not Vt; & C D Aj N (S) & be
T(Past) & Q Aj (PN) &.P Np, & C D N (S) & be T(Past) & D N
(PN)&PDN. NP1&PP1&VP1&PP2&NP1(cont.)&PP3
& R-cl 1 &iNP 2 & VP 2 & NP 3 & PP 4 &flNP 4 & VP 3 &XNP 5 &
PP 5. This is compound-complex and used for narration.
D N (S), & DpN (S), & be (del) T(Past) (del) &iN N's (PN)?--&
Np (S) & Vt T(Past) &.Np (DO) & Av, & C Vi~ing Av & P Np & P N
CN,&Vi-ingAv&PDN&PN. NP1&NP2&VP1&NP3&
NP 4 &‘VP 2 &XNP 5 & VP 2 (cont.) &flNP 4 (cont.) & PP 1 & PP 2
& NP 4 (cont.) & PP 3 & PP 4. This is compound and used for
reflection and narration.
Np (S) & be T(Past) 81 Aj, Aj, Aj, Aj (PN) &P DN—-'. NP 1 &
VP 1 &.NP 2 & PP 1. This is simple and used for reflection.
Np (S) & have T(Past) benen ”Vi-en,” & S (del) Np Av Vi T(Past)
& P (del) Vt-ing D N & P Np: &.D N (S) &.P Np & be T(Past) & D
N (PN), & D N (S) & P Np & be (del) T(Past) (de1)& D N (PN),
& C D N (S) & P D N & have T(Past) be—en Av & Aj (PN) & C D N
(S) &.P D N &.have (del) T(Past) (del) be~en (del) & D‘N (PN).

NP 1 & VP 1 & S~C1 1 & PP 1 & PP 2 & NP 2 & PP 3 & VP 2 &‘NP 3

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(374)

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(377)

322
(cont.) &:NP 4 & PP 4 & VP 3 & NP 5 &‘NP 6 & PP 5 & VP 4 &
NP 7 &:NP 8 &.PP 6 & VP 5 & NP 9. This is compound—complex
and used for reflection.
DDN (S) &Vt T(Past) &Np (DO)&PDN, &Vte T(Past) &DN
(D0)Aj (0C). NP1&VP1&NP2&PP1&VP1(cont.)&NP3.
This is simple and used for reflection.
Av Av, & S Np Vi T(Past) & P Np & Av Av--& D N (S) & be T(Past)
& D N (PN) & P D N. VP 1 & Smcl 1 & PP 1 & S-cl 1 (cont.) &
NP 1 & VP 1 (cont.) &‘NP 2 & PP 2. This is complex and used
for reflection and narration.
Np (S)&Vi T(Past)&Pnp8zAvAv, Av&PNp&PDAjAjNAj
& P D Aj N & P N; & C D N (S), & R.Np M T(Past) be, & Aj, Aj,
Aj, Aj, & have T(Past) Vi-en & P P N, & C Np (S) & Vt T(Past)
& Np (D0) to (del) Vt D N. NP 1 & VP 1 & PP 1 & VP 1 (cont.)
&,PP 2 & PP 3 & PP 4 & PP 5 &,NP 2 & R~c1 1 &,NP 2 (cont.) &
VP 2 & PP 6 &‘NP 3 & VP 3 &,NP 4. This is compoundwcomplex
and used for narration.
Av Av'Vimen Av, Aj & P D N & P D N, & C Viuing Av & P P D Aj N
CDAjN&PDNAj&PDNp, &P(de1)DN&PN&PRDNp
Vi T(Past), &:Np (S) & Vt T(Past) & D Aj‘N (DO) Vi & P‘N & C D
D N (D0) Vi Av. NP 1 &.PP 1 & PP 2 &:NP 1 (cont.) & PP 3 &
PP 4 & PP 5 & PP 6 & PP 7 & R-cl 1 &.NP 1 (cont.) & VP 1 &
NP 2 & PP 8 &:NP 3. This is complex and used for narration.
D N (S) & Vi T(Past) Av; &:Np (S) &.be T(Past) Vi-ing; &in
(S) & have T(Past) Viuen. NP 1 & VP 1 &JNP 2 & VP 2 &‘NP 3 &

VP 3. This is compound and used for narration.

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323
R have T(Past) Av Vt—en Np Av, Avm-Av & P Q Av?-—& be T(Past)
&NN'sN(PN),Vi-ing&PNp&PQAv,&PQAv8zSNth
T(Past) Av tthNp&PVi~ing&PDN&PNp&SNp Vi T(Pres)
Vi-ing Av&PNp;&P(de1)Np&not AvPDN,CAv-AjCAj-—&
Aj,&Exc1,&PN&PN&C,QAV,&PDNAj&PAjNCAVAv
N. R~C11(S)&PP1&VP1&NP1&PP2&PP3&PP4&
S~c11&PP5&PP6&PP7&S-c12&PP8&PP9&PP10&
PP 9 (cont.) & Ex 1 & PP 11 & PP 12 & PP 9 (cont.) & PP 13 &
PP 14. This is complex and used for narration.
Np (S) 8: Vi T(Past), &Np (S) & Vi T(Past), & P (de1)D N 81 Av
Av P D N; & Av &,D N (S) & Vi T(Past), & Vi-ing Q Av & P Np, &
CNp (S)&Ath T(Past)&SNNhave T(Past) Vte-enDNDAj
C Aj N & P Np, & C S Np have T(Past) & P D N & Vt~en.Np & P D
AjN&PDN,&P(de1)DN&PDAjN&Vi-ingVi—en&PDAj
Aqu-AjN. NP1&VP1&NP2&VP2&PP1&PP2&VP3&
NP3&VP3(cont.)&NP3(c-ont.)&PP3&NP4&VP4&
S~c11(DO)&PP4&S~cl2(DO)&PP5&S-c12(cont.)&
PP6&PP7&PP8&PP9&PP8(cont.)&PP 10. Thisis
compound—complex and used for narration.
Np (S)&beT(Past)&Aj (PN),&DAjN(S)&PDN;&CN_p
(S) & Av be T(Past) not, 8: P D Aj N 8: P N--& P (de1)D QAj N,
Av & P Av, & R.Np have T(Past) Av Vtuen, & Vteuing Np, & S Np
Vi T(Past), & Q Av, Q.Av Aj, & c c P P D N & P N Vi-ing & Av P
Np & P Aj N; & Vi-en, & 8 (del) M T(Past) Vt Np, & P D N & P D
N&CVt-ingDAjN&PDAjAjN. NP1&VP1&NP2&NP3
&PP1&NP4&VP2&PP2&PP3&PP4&PP5&R-c11&

PP 4 (cont.) 8: S-cl 1 &PP 4 (cont.) 8: PP 6 &PP 7 &PP 8 8:

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324
(cont.) PP 9 & PP 4 (cont.) & Smcl 2 & PP 10 & PP 11 & PP 4
(cont.) & PP 12. This is compound-complex and used for
narration and exposition.
Np (S) & have T(Past) Viuen Av, & Exc1~-& Vi-en Av & P Av Av &
S D N & P Np & have T(Past) Av Vimen; & C Expl & be T(Past) &
Aj (PN) & S & P D N & R.Np have T(Past) Vi~en AV’E.& V1 T(Past)
AvDAjN,&CSSDAjNhaveT(Past) be-enAv&PDN&PNp.
NP 1 & VP 1 & Ex 1 & VP 1 (cont.) & PP 1 & S~c1 1 & Ex 2 &
VP 2 &,NP 2 & S~C1 2 (S) & PP 3 & R~C1 1 & S~c1 2 (cont.) &
S-cl 3 & PP 4 & PP 5. This is compound-complex and used for
reflection.
Av C AV'&.D‘N (S) & Vi T(Past), & P (del) D N &.P D N & Av

Vt-ingin: & Np (S) & have T(Past) beuen Av Viuen Av-~Viuen C

 

Av Vi-en & S P S Np have T(Past) be-en Vi-en Av, & P (del) D
Aj N & P D Aj Aj N. VP 1 &.NP 1 & VP 1 & PP l & PP 2 & PP 1
(cont.) & NP 2 & VP 2 & S~cl l & PP 3 & PP 4. This is
compound-complex and used for narration.

Av P Np &.Np (S) & be T(Past) Vt—en & to Vt (PN), & C R have
T(Past) Av Vtwenin &.P N & be T(Past) &.D N (PN) & P D Aj Aj
N. PP 1 &.NP 1 & VP 1 &‘NP 2 & chl 1 (S) & PP 2 & VP 2 &

NP 3 &.PP 3. This is compoundacomplex and used for narration.
Np (S) & have T(Past) Vt~en & Np (DO) & P N, &.P N—~& Excl, &
Np (S) & be T(Past) &:D N (PN) &,P DiN; & R Vi T(Past) to Vt
Av C Av Np &.P D N & R have T(Pres) Vi-en & PIN &:P D N & P D
Aj N, 3. 0 Av, & P Vt-ing Np Av, &P Vte-ing Np &P N Aj 8. P Np,
& have T(Pres) Vimen Av Av & P‘N & P N & C have T(Pres) Av to

Vi C Vt Np Vi. NP 1 & VP 1 &:NP 2 & PP 1 & PP 2 & Ex 1 &iNP 3

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325
(cont.) & VP 2 &.NP 4 & PP 3 & Rucl 1 & PP 4 & R-cl 2 & PP 5 &
PP 6 & PP 7 & R~c1 2 (cont.) & PP 8 & PP 9 & PP 10 & PP 11 &
R~c1 2 (cont.) & PP 12 & PP 13 & R~01 2 (cont.). This is
compound-complex and used for reflection.
Np (S) & be T(Past) & D N (PN) & P D N—-& S Np have T(Past) Av
tthNpVi&PNp. NP1&VP1&NP2&PP1&S-cll (S)&
PP 2. This is complex and used for reflection.
Np (S) & M T(Pres) Av, & P N, & Av have be-en Vi-en C Vi-en; &
S Av C Av Av M T(Past) Np have Vt-en Np, Av Av, & P D Aj‘N Aj,
& Av Av & P D N &.P D N-—Vi-en & S Np AV Vi T(Past) & P D Aj D
N & P D N—-& C P D Aj N¥N & P D Aj N, & P R have T(Past) be-en
Vt-en, N-N, D N & P Aj N Aj &.P Aj N & R be T(Past) Aj & P D N
& C RflNp &,P D'N & Vt T(Past) Av Vtaing &.P P D N & P N. NP 1
& VP 1 & PP 1 & VP 1 (cont.) & S—cl 1 & PP 2 & S—cl 1 (cont.)
& PP 3 & PP 4 & S—cl 2 & PP 5 & PP 6 & PP 7 & PP 8 & R-cl 1 &
PP 9 & PP 10 & R-cl 2 & PP 11 & Rucl 3 & PP 12 & R-cl 3(cont.)
& PP l3 & PP 14. This is complex and used for narration.
N N's N (S) & have T(Past) Viwen, & C D Np (S), &.D Np (S) & R
(del) Np have T(Past) Vt-en, & Vi T(Past) & P Np & P D N & R
Vt T(Past) &.S Np be T(Past) Av Vi-en C Vi—en. NP 1 &.VP 1 &
NP 2 &:NP 3 & R-Cl 1 & VP 2 & PP 1 & PP 2 & R—cl 2 & S-cl 1.
This is compound-complex and used for narration.
Np (S) &Vt T(Past) &Np (DO) &Av Av, &CDN (S) &R (del)
Np Vt T(Past) Np & be (del) T(Past) (del) & D'N (PN) & R (del)
Np Vt T(Past) to Vi: &CNp (S) & be T(Past) Q Av & P N & S S Np
have T(Past) Vt~en.N C N. NP 1 & VP 1 &.NP 2 & VP 1 (cont.) &

NP 3 & R-c1 1 & VP 2 & NP 4 & R-cl 2 &.NP 5 &,VP 3 & PP 1 &

 

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326
(cont.) S-cl 1. This is compounducomplex and used for
narration.
Np (S) & be T(Past) & D D N (PN) & R have T(Past) Vt-en Np, &
P N N's have-ing Vt—en, & P D Aj N, & D N-N—-& P D Np's
have-ing &.P N & Vi-en & S N N Av Vi T(Past) & P D N. NP 1 &
VP 1 & NP 2 & chl 1 & PP 1 & PP 2 & PP 1 (cont.) & PP 3 &
PP 4 & PP 3 (cont.) & S—cl 1 & PP 5. This is complex and used
for narration.
Np (S) & have T(Past) be-en Vi-ing Av, & P (del) D N, & P
Vt-ing D Aj N_N-~& P (del) D N have-ing be-en & P D'N & P D Aj
N's N; & C D N (S), & Av, have T(Past) Vi-en Av & S Np be
T(Past) Av Av, & C Np (S) & have T(Past) Vi-en Av. NP 1 &
VP 1 & PP 1 & PP 2 & PP 3 & PP 4 & PP 5 & NP 2 & VP 2 & S-Cl 1
& NP 3 & VP 3. This is compounducomplex and used for
narration.
Np (S) & have T(Past) Av Vi—en, & P D N, & Q Av &.S Np be
T(Past) Vi-ing Av~-& Av, & S be T(Pres), & S Np Vi T(Past) to
have Vi-en, & C Av Q Av & P N C N; & Av &.P D N & P N. NP 1 &
VP 1 & PP 1 & VP 1 (cont.) & S~c1 1 & VP 1 (cont.) & S~c1 2 &
S—cl 3 & VP 1 (cont.) & PP 2 & VP 1 (cont.) & PP 3 & PP 4.
This is complex and used for narration.
R.Np Av Vt T(Past) Av, Av, & P N & P D Aj N, & be T(Past) & S
N N have T(Past) & P D Aj Aj N & not Vt-en & S (del) Np be
T(Past) Aj. R—cl 1 (S) & PP 1 & PP 2 & VP 1 & S—cl 1 (PN) &
PP 3 & S-cl 1 (cont.) & chl 2. This is complex and used for

narration.

327

(393) "Np (S) & M T(Pres) have be-en & S Np be T(Past)." NP 1 &

VP 1 & S-cl 1 (PN). This is complex and used for dialogue.

(394) Np (S) &,Vt T(Past) &.Np (DO) & Av & S'Np Vt T(Past) Np. NP 1
& VP 1 & NP 2 & VP 1 (cont.) & S-cl 1. This is complex and
used for narration.

(395) "Excl--& Np (S) &_M T(Pres) Av have Vi-en." Ex 1 &.NP 1 &

VP 1. This is simple and used for dialogue.

(396) "Np (S) 81 Vt T(Past) &Np (DO) 8: Av & P N.“ NP 1 8!. VP 1 81
NP 2 & VP 1 (cont.) & PP 1. This is simple and used for
dialogue.

(397) "Av,” & Np (S) & Vi T(Past), & P (del) D N Vi-ing & P Np, "&
Av, 8: P D N 81 P D DN, 8: Av M(de1)T(Past) (de1)&Np (S)
(de1)& Vt (de1)& Np (DO) (del)?" VP 1 &NP 1 &VP 2 & PP 1
& PP 2 & VP 1 (cont.) & PP 3 & PP 4 & VP 1 (cont.) &QNP 2 &

VP 1 (cont.) &LNP 3. This is compound and used for dialogue
and narration.

(398) Expl & Vi T(Past) & P (del) Np & Av Av & to Vt D‘N C Vt Np (S)
&.C N (S) & P D'N & P Np, & C P D N & R (del) D‘N Vt T(Past) C
Vt T(Past) D N & S Np Vt T(Past) D Aj N C N &.P D'N, &:N (S) &
P D D'N &.Av Vt T(Past) &:Np (D0). Ex 1 & VP 1 & PP 1 & VP 1
(cont.) &.NP 1 &‘NP 2 & PP 2 & PP 3 & PP 4 & R-cl 1 & S-cl 1 &
PP 5 &:NP 3 & PP 6 & VP 2 &,NP 4. This is compound-complex
and used for narration.

(399) "C Av 82 Np (S) 8; Vt T(Pres) &Np (D0),” 8: Np (S) 8: Vi T(Past).
VP 1 &NP 1 &VP 1(cont.)&NP 2&NP 3 &VP 2. This is

compound and used for dialogue.

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(406)

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328
"Excl &:Np (S) (del) & Vt T(Pres) & Np (DO), &.Np (S) (del) &
Vt T(Pres) &Np (D0)!" &Np (S)&Vi T(Past) &SDN Av Vi
T(Past)&PNp: &PN &PNp&Np (S)&Vi T(Past)AvCVi
T(Past) Av, Av AV. Ex 1 &ZNP 1 & VP 1 &,NP 2 &JNP 3 & VP 2 &
NP4&NP5&VP3&S-cl1&PP1&PP2&PP3&NP6&VP4.
This is compound-complex and used for dialogue and narration.
Np (S) & be T(Past) & DiN (PN) & P D N--& P R.Np Vt T(Past) D
N&PDAjAjN&PN. NP1&VP1&NP2&PP1&R-c11&
PP 2 & PP 3. This is complex and used for narration.
C'Np (S) & Vi T(Past) Av. NP 1 & VP 1. This is simple and
used for narration.
"C Av M T(Past) &:Np (S) & Vi—-?" VP 1 &ZNP 1 & VP 1 (cont.).
This is simple and used for dialogue.
"Np (S) & be T(Past) & Aj (PN)." NP 1 & VP 1 &.NP 2. This is
simple and used for dialogue.
"Np (S) & be T(Past) to have Vi, & S (del) Np Vi T(Pres)-—& C
Np (S) & have T(Past) Vt—en & D N (D0).” NP 1 &.VP 1 & S-cl 1
& NP 2 & VP 2 & NP 3. This is compound-complex and used for
dialogue.
"Excl, & Np (S) & Vi T(Pres)——& Np (S) & be T(Past) to have
Vi-en&PNp&PNp&Av." Ex1&NP1&VP1&NP2&VP2&
PP 1 &.PP 2 & VP 2 (cont.). This is compound and used for
dialogue.
Np (S) & Vi T(Past) & P P D "Aj" N C N--& R be T(Past) Q Av C
Q Av. NP 1 & VP 1 & PP 1 & R—cl 1. This is complex and used

for reflection.

 

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(413)

(414)

(415)

(416)

329
"Np (S) & be T(Past) Av & P Aj & P D Aj N--& Av be T(Past) &
Np (S), &Np (PN) 8; be T(Past) &Np (8)?" NP 1 8: VP 1 & PP l
& PP 2 & VP 2 & NP 2 &MNP 3 & VP 3 & NP 4. This is compound
and used for dialogue.
"Np (S) &,M T(Pres) have Vi-en Av & P (del) Q Av." NP 1 &
VP 1 & PP 1. This is simple and used for dialogue.
Np (S) & M T(Past) Av Vi & P D N C D N & P D N. NP 1 & VP 1 &
PP 1 & PP 2. This is simple and used for narration.
"Np (S) (del) & Vi (del) T(Past) (del) & P D N?” &fiNp (S) & Vi
T(Past) & P D N &.P N & P D Aj N. NP 1 & VP 1 & PP l &:NP 2 &
VP 2 & PP 2 &,PP 3 & PP 4. This is compound and used for
dialogue and narration.
"P D N--&.Np (S) &,M T(Pres) have be-en: & P (del) D Aj Aj N &
P N." PP 1 & NP 1 & VP 1 & PP 2 & PP 3. This is simple and
used for dialogue.
”Av have T(Pres) &,Np (S) & be—en," &in (S) & Av Vi T(Past),
4'8 Av have T(Pres) & Np (S) 8 be-en?" VP 1 8 NP 1 8 VP 1
(cont.) & NP 2 & VP 2 & VP 3 &,NP 3 & VP 3 (cont.). This is
compound and used for dialogue and narration.
Np (S) 8L Vt T(Past) 8t Np (DO) Vt Np Av, & C Np (S) 81 be T(Past)
&SSNthT(Past) NpAvtth&PDN &DAjN. NP 181VP 1
& NP 2 & NP 3 & VP 2 & S-cl 1 &,PP l & S-cl 1 (cont.). This
is compound-complex and used for narration.
”D D Aj Aj N (PN) 8: Np (8) (del) 81 be (del) T(Past) (del)!"
NP 1 &:NP 2 & VP 1. This is simple and used for dialogue.
Av & P D N &‘Np (S) & have T(Past) Vi-en & P (del) D N. VP 1

& PP 1 & NP 1 & VP 1 (cont.) & PP 2. This is simple and used

 

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(422)

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(424)

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330
(cont.) for narration.
"Np (S) (del) & be (del) T(Past) (del) 81 P D Aj Aj N?" & Np
(S) & Vi T(Past). NP 1 & VP 1 & PP 1 &.NP 2 & VP 2. This is
compound and used for dialogue and narration.
C Np (S) & have T(Past) Av Vi-en Av & Vt—ing Av D N & P D Aj N.
NP 1 & VP 1 &:NP 1 (cont.) & PP 1. This is simple and used
for narration.
"S Np M T(Past)'not Vi Av & Np (S) & Vi T(Past) Av--?” S-cl l
&:NP 1 & VP 1. This is complex and used for dialogue.
Np (S) & Av Vi T(Past) Ava NP 1 & VP 1. This is simple and
used for narration.
"Np (S) 8; Vi T(Past) Av & P D N--& S Np Vt T(Past) Np 81 P D N."
NP 1 &‘VP 1 & PP l & S-cl l & PP 2. This is complex and used
for dialogue.
”Np (S) & have T(Past) Vi-en Av & P (del) D N &.C have T(Past)
'not be-en Av Av." NP 1 & VP 1 & PP 1 & VP 1 (cont.). This
is simple and used for dialogue.
"C Np (S) & Vi T(Past) to Vt & S (del) Np have T(Past) be-en &
P D N." NP 1 & VP 1 & S-cl l & PP 1. This is complex and
used for dialogue.
"C Np (S) & have T(Past) & DiN (DO) & P pr—?" NP 1 & VP 1 &
NP 2 & PP 1. This is simple and used for dialogue.
"Np (S) (del) & have (del) T(Past) (del) & D (del) N (DO) (del)
&PNp?" &Np (S) &Vi T(Past) &P DN. NP 1 &VP 1 &NP 2 8:
PP 1 &.NP 3 &,VP 2 &.PP 2. This is compound and used for

dialogue and narration.

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(432)

(433)

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331
"Excl--& Np (8) (del) & have (del) T(Past) (del) & D (del) N
(DO) (del) &.P R have T(Pres) Vi-en.” Ex 1 &:NP 1 & VP 1 &
NP 2 & R-cl 1. This is complex and used for dialogue.
”Np (S) & Vt T(Past) &.P N & 8 (del) Np'M T(Past) have be-en
Av." NP 1 & VP 1 &.PP l & S-cl 1 (DO). This is complex and
used for dialogue.
"Np (S) & 'have T(Pres) Vt-en, Q Av," &flNp (S) &,Vi T(Past),
"& S Np'have T(Past) be-en Vi-ing." NP 1 & VP 1 &‘NP 2 & VP 2
& S-cl 1 (DO). This is compound-complex and used for dialogue.
”Np (S) (del) & have (del) T(Pres) (del) 'Vt-en' &fiNp (DO)--?"
NP 1 & VP 1 &.NP 2. This is simple and used for dialogue.
"Excl, &.Np (S) & 'have T(Pres) Vt-en &CNp (D0)." Ex 1 & NP 1
&‘VP 1 &.NP 2. This is simple and used for dialogue.
"Np (S) & Vt T(Past) &:N (DO) & P Np &.P D N & R (del) Np have
T(Past) D‘N Av--& Cin (S) & V1 T(Past) & Aj (PN)." NP 1 &
VP 1 &NP 2&PP 1 &PP 2&R—c1 1 &NP 3&VP 2&NP 4. This
is compound-complex and used for dialogue.
"Np (S) 8: Vt T(Past) 8: S (del) Np M T(Past)," 81 Np (S) 8L Vi
T(Past). NP 1 & VP 1 & S-cl 1 (DO) &:NP 2 &.VP 2. This is
compound-complex and used for dialogue.
"S Np'M T(Past) Vi, & be (del) T(Pres) (del) & R (del) Np Vt
T(Pres)?" S-cl 1 (S) & VP 1 & R-cl 1 (PN). This is complex
and used for dialogue.
"Np (S) (del) & Vt (del) T(Pres) (del) 81 S Np'M T(Past) Vt Np."
NP 1 & VP 1 & S-cl 1 (DO). This is complex and used for

dialogue.

(435)

(436)

(437)

(438)

(439)

(440)

(441)

(442)

(443)

332
"Excl & C'Np (S) & Vi T(Past)'not!" & Vi T(Past) &.N (S) &.P D
AjN. Exl &NP 1 &VP 1 &VP 2&NP 2&PP 1. This is
compound and used for dialogue and narration.
”Expl & 'be T(Pres) &:Np (S)--&.D Aj N (S); &.R.Np Vt T(Past),
QAv, &PN." Exl8VP 1 &NP 1 &NP 2&R—cl 1. This is
complex and used for dialogue.
"C Np (S) & 'be T(Pres) not &'Np (PN)." NP 1 & VP 1 &,NP 2.
This is simple and used for dialogue.
PNp&Np (S) &Vi T(Past) &PNp8zAV, &CDN (S) &be
T(Past) & P D N. PP 1.8zNP 1 & VP 1 &.PP 2 & VP 1 (cont.) &
NP 2 &‘VP 2 & PP 3. This is compound and used for narration.
"Excl--& Np (S) & 'be T(Pres) not & Np (PN)'." Ex 1 & NP 1 8:
VP 1 &JNP 2. This is simple and used for dialogue.
C Np (S) & be T(Past) & S S, 8: S D N Vi T(Past), &Np M T(Past)
have Vt-en Av & P Np, &.S'not Np be T(Past) Q Av, & D Aj N Aj
& P D'N. NP 1 & VP 1 & S-cl l & S-cl 2 & S-cl 1 (cont.) &
PP l & S-cl 3 & S-cl 1 (cont.) & PP 2. This is complex and
used for narration.
"Excl, &flNp (S) (del) & Vt T(Pres) & N (D0)," & Np (S) & Vi
T(Past)--"& Np (S) & 'be T(Pres) not &.Np (PN)1" Ex 1 &.NP 1
&VP 1&NP 2&NP 3&VP 2&NP4&VP 3&NP 5. This is
compound and used for dialogue.
"P N &.Np (S) & be T(Past)'not & to have be-en (PN)." PP l &
NP 1 8: VP 1 &NP 2. This is simple and used for dialogue.
"Excl & C Np (S) & pg T(Past)," 8: Np (S) & Av Vi T(Past).
Ex 1 &NP 1 8: VP 1 82 NP 2 & VP 2. This is compound and used

for dialogue and narration.

333

 

(444), C Np (S) & Vi T(Past) &.P Np & Av & Sin have T(Past) be-en
Vi-ing & P Q Aj N. NP 1 & VP 1 & PP 1 &.VP 1 (cont.) & S-cl 1
& PP 2. This is complex and used for narration.

(445) "Np (S) & be T(Past) & to have Vt-en Np (PN)." NP 1 & VP 1 &
NP 2 (cont.). This is simple and used for dialogue.

(446) "Np (S) & M T(Past)'not!" &:Np (S) & Vi T(Past) Av; NP 1 &

:1

VP 1 &iNP 2 &.VP 2. This is compound and used for dialogue
and narration.

(447) C Av Vi-ing, C Av Av to Vi Av & P RfiNp have T(Past) D Vt-en,

rv'uza'a. .. .. ~

_‘

Mr!!! .'I 0‘

"& Cin (S) & be T(Past)'not Av &‘Np_(PN), & S Np have T(Past)

 

'not be-en & P N," &flNp (S) & Vi T(Past) Av. NP 1 & R-cl l
&NP 2 &VP 1 &NP 3 8t S—cl 1(PN)&PP l &NP 1 (cont.) &
VP 2. This is compound-complex and used for narration and
dialogue.

(448) "Np (S) &,Vi T(Past) &.P D N &.P R.Np have T(Past) Vt-en N N &
P (del) D N &.P Np's Vi-ing & P Np; & C‘Np (S) & Vi T(Past), &
S Np'have T(Pres) Vt-em Np, & S, Vt-ing to Vt Np & P D N, & Np
Vi T(Past) &.P D N &.P D N." NP 1 & VP 1 & PP l & R-cl l &
PP 2 &.PP 3 & PP 4 & NP 2 & VP 2 & S-cl 1 & S-cl 2 & PP 5 &
S-cl 2 (cont.) & PP 6 & PP 7. This is compound-complex and
used for dialogue.

(449) "P D N, 81 S Np have T(Past)'not Vi-en, 8: P D D N, 81. Np (S) 8: M
T(Past) have Vt-en &.N (D0) to Vt Np Av." PP l & S-cl l &
PP 2 &JNP l & VP 1 &.NP 2. This is complex and used for
dialogue.

(450) "c Np (S) 8 be T(Past)'not," 8 Vi T(Past) 8 N N (S), 8 Av Av

Av Q & P D Aj N--"& Np (S) & be T(Past)'not Av &‘Np (PN)."

(450)

(451)

(452)

(453)

(454)

(455)

(456)

(457)

(458)

(459)

334
(cont.)NP 1 &VP 1 &VP 2&NP 2 &VP 2 (cont.) &PP 1 &NP 3
& VP 3 &.NP 4. This is compound and used for dialogue and
narration.
D N (S), 8 s Np Vi T(Past), 8 Vi T(Past) Av 8 P Np. NP 1 8
S-cl l & VP 1 & PP 1. This is complex and used for narration.
"Np (PN) D & be (del) T(Past) (del) &fiNp (8) (del) & Av?"
NP 1 & VP 1 &:NP 2 & VP 1 (cont.). This is simple and used
for dialogue.
Np (S) & Vt T(Past) & Np (DO), & D N (DO) & R (del) Np have
T(Past) Vt-en. NP 1 8?. VP 1 & NP 2 &NP 3 8t R-cl 1. This is
complex and used for narration.
"Np (S) (del) & be (del) T(Past) (del) & P D Aj Aj N, & S (del)
Np Vi T(Pres)?" NP 1 & VP 1 & PP l & S-cl 1. This is complex
and used for dialogue.
"Excl, 8; P D Aj Aj N & P D N & Np (S) 8: Av Vt T(Past) &Np
(D0)." Ex 1 8 PP 1 & PP 2 83NP 1 8 VP 1 8,NP 2. This is
simple and used for dialogue.
"Np (S) (del) 8: Vt T(Past) &Np (DO)--?" NP 1 8: VP 1 &NP 2.
This is simple and used for dialogue.
"Np (S) (del) & Vt T(Past) &Np (D0)," & Vi T(Past) 81 N N (S).
NP 1 8: VP 1 &NP 2 8: VP 2 &NP 3. This is compound and used
for dialogue.
"Np (S) &.M T(Pres) have be-en & P D Aj N." NP 1 &,VP 1 &
PP 1. This is simple and used for dialogue.
Np (S) & Vi T(Past) & P (del) DiN & Vt-ing Np Av-—& S S Np Vt
T(Past) to be QAj. NP 1 8: VP 1 8: PP l &NP 1 (cont.) 8!

S-cl 1. This is complex and used for narration.

 

(460)

(461)

(462)

(463)

(464)

(465)

(466)

(467)

(468)

335
"Np (S) (del) & be (del) T(Past) (del) & P D Aj N." NP 1 &
VP 1 & PP 1. This is simple and used for dialogue.
"Excl--&in (S) (del) & be (del) T(Past) (del) & P D N & Av, &
P (del) D Aj Np & R (del) Np'have T(Pres) Vi-en & P Np." Ex 1
8:NP 1 & VP 1 & PP 1 & VP 1 (cont.) &.PP 2 & R—cl 1 &:PP 3.
This is complex and used for dialogue.
"Np (S) & Vi T(Past) Av &.P Np." NP 1 & VP 1 & PP 1. This is
simple and used for dialogue.
"Av &Np (S) 8 Vt T(Past) &Np (DO) 8 P D N." VP 1 &NP 1 8 11

VP 1 (cont.) &.NP 2 & PP 1. This is simple and used for

 

‘IJ.

dialogue.

"Np (S) & have T(Past) Vi-en &,P Np." NP 1 & VP 1 & PP 1.
This is simple and used for dialogue.

P Np & N (S) 8: Vt T(Past) 8: Np (DO); 8: Np (S) 8: have T(Past)
&tthNpAv (DO). PP l8:NP 1 &VP 1 8:NP 2&NP 3&VP 2
& NP 4. This is compound and used for narration and
exposition.

Np (S) & Vt T(Past) &:Np (DO) &.S Np Vt T(Past) D N, & Cin
(S) 8 Vi T(Past) Av, 8: Vt-ing Np 8 P Np 8 Av 8 P D N-N 8 c P D
AjN8:Vt-ingDAj. NP 1&VP 1 &NP 2&S-cl 1&NP38:VP 2
&NP 3 (cont.) &PP 1 &NP 3 (cont.) &PP 2 &PP 3 &NP 3
(cont.). This is compound-complex and used for narration.

"Np (S) & M T(Past)'not Vi 8: P Np." NP 1 8: VP 1 8: PP 1. This
is simple and used for dialogue.

"Np (S) 8: Vi T(Past) 8: P Np," 8: Np (S) 8: Av Vi T(Past). NP 1
& VP 1 & PP l &MNP 2 & VP 2. This is compound and used for

dialogue and narration.

(469)

(470)

(471)

(472)

(473)

(474)

(475)

(476)

(477)

336
"Excl &.Np (S) & 'have T(Pres) Vi-en & P Np & Av--& N (S) &
be (del) T(Past) (del) Vi-en (del) &.P Np, &.DA." Ex 1 &TNP l
& VP 1 & PP l & VP 1 (cont.) & NP 2 & VP 2 & PP 2 & Ex 2.
This is compound and used for dialogue.
"c D N (S), 8 P D Aj N--& D N (S) 8 'be T(Pres) 8 D Aj N (PN)."
NP 1 & PP 1 &.NP 2 & VP 1 & NP 3. This is simple and used
for dialogue.
"Np (S) 8: 'be T(Pres) 8: Np (PN) 8: P N2, 8: Av S Np M T(Past)
have be-en," 8:N (S) 8: Av Vi T(Past). NP 1 8: VP 1 &NP 2 8:
PP l & S-cl l &iNP 3 &.VP 2. This is compound-complex and
used for dialogue and narration.
C Np (S) & Vt T(Past) & D‘N (DO) & R be T(Past) & P D N &:P N.
NP 1 &‘VP 1 &,NP 2 & R-cl l & PP l & PP 2. This is complex
and used for narration.
"Be T(Pres)'not & D Aj N (S) & S Np'M T(Past) have be-en Aj?”
VP 1 &.NP 1 & S-cl 1 (PN). This is complex and used for
dialogue.
Np (S) & Av Vi T(Past) &.P Np. NP 1 &,VP 1 & PP 1. This is
simple and used for narration.
"Np (S) (del) &,M (del) T(Past) (del) be (del) & Q Aj (PN) &.P
Np§-?" NP 1 & VP 1 &‘NP 2 & PP 1. This is simple and used
for dialogue.
DN (S) &Avbe T(Past) &QAj (PN) &PNp &P DN &P DN.
NP 1 & VP 1 & NP 2 & PP l & PP 2 & PP 3. This is simple and
used for exposition.
"Have T(Pres)'not 8: Np (S) 8: Av Vt-en 8: to Vt Ax Aj (D0)?"

VP 1 &HNP 1 & VP 1 (cont.) &‘NP 2. This is simple and used

(477)

(478)

(479)

(480)

(481)

(482)

(483)

(484)

337
(cont.) for dialogue.
”C P (del) D N," &‘Np (S) & Vi T(Past), "&:Np (S) & Vi T(Past)
&PNp.” PP18:NP 1&VP 1&NP2&VP 2&PP 2. This is
compound and used for dialogue.
"Np (S) (del) & be (del) T(Past) (del) & P Np?" NP 1 & VP 1 &
PP 1. This is simple and used for dialogue.
”Np (S) (del) & be (del) T(Past) (del) & D Aj N (PN)1" NP 1 &
VP 1 &.NP 2. This is simple and used for dialogue.
"Av Av M T(Past) & Np (S) & Vt & S (del) Np be T(Past) Np?"
VP 1 &.NP 1 & VP 1 (cont.) & S-cl 1 (DO). This is complex
and used for dialogue.
"C, S Np Vt T(Past) Np N Av, & D N (S), & D N (S), & have
T(Past) Vt-en Q.Av &.R Np M T(Past), & R.Np M T(Past)'not
have be-en--& to Vtg'Np, & S (del) Np Vi T(Pres), & S Np'have
T(Pres) Vt-en & P Np." S-cl 1 &,NP 1 & NP 2 &.VP 1 & R-cl 1
(D0) & R-cl 2 (D0) & VP 1 (cont.) & S-cl 2 & S-cl 3 & PP 1.
This is complex and used for dialogue.
"P D N &.P Np &.Np (S) & Vi T(Past) &:P Np--& S D N M T(Past)
be Vi-en." PP 1 & PP 2 &'NP 1 & VP 1 & PP 3 & S-cl 1. This
is complex and used for dialogue.
"C Np (S) &.Vt T(Past)," &:Np (S) & Vi T(Past) Av; "C Vt
T(Past) 8: S, 8: S D N Vt T(Past) Np Av Q Av, 8: S Np Vt T(Past)
Np &P (de1)DN, &Np AvM T(Past) Vi &P Np." NP 1 &VP 1
8:NP 2 & VP 2 & VP 1 (cont.) & S-cl 1 (DO) & S-cl 2 & S-cl 3
& PP l & S-cl 1 (cont.) & PP 2. This is compound-complex and

used for dialogue.

 

338

(485) "C S & P (del) D N &.Np Av Vi T(Past) &:Np (S) & Vt T(Past) &
S (del) Np‘M T(Past) be & S Np have T(Past)--& C Av Av, & P D
Aj N, & S Np Av Vt T(Past) Np." S-cl l & PP l & S-cl 1(cont.)
&.NP 1 & VP 1 & S-cl 2 (D0) & S-cl 3 & S-cl 4 & PP 2 & S-cl 4
(cont.). This is complex and used for dialogue.

(486) "EE.(S) & Vi T(Past) to Vt Np & P Np." NP 1 & VP 1 &.PP 1.
This is simple and used for dialogue.

(487) "C Av," &fiNp (S) &.Av Vi T(Past), "&.M T(Past)'not & Np (S) &
Vt &Np (D0)?" VP 1 &NP 1 &VP 2 &VP 1 (cont.) &NP 2 8:

VP 1 (cont.) & NP 3. This is compound and used for dialogue
and narration.

(488) Np (S) &,Vt T(Past) & N N (DO) &.P DIN. NP 1 &.VP 1 &HNP 2 &
PP 1. This is simple and used for narration.

(489) ”Np (S) & 'Vt' T(Pres) & D N (DO)--?” NP 1 & VP 1 &TNP 2.
This is simple and used for dialogue.

(490) "Np (S) 8: M T(Past) have Vt-en 8: Np (D0)." NP 1 8: VP 1 8: NP 2.
This is simple and used for dialogue.

(491) "C P Np," &:Np (S) & Vi T(Past), "& Np (S) & be T(Past) & D N
(PN)." PP 1 &NP 1 &VP 1 &NP 28VP 28NP 3. This is
compound and used for dialogue.

(492) "Np (S) & have T(Past) Vt-en &.Np (D0)." NP 1 & VP 1 & NP 2.
This is simple and used for dialogue.

(493) "Np (S) (del) & have (del) T(Past) (del) 'Vi-en'--?" &.N (S) &
Av Vi T(Past). NP 1 & VP 1 &:NP 2 & VP 2. This is compound
and used for dialogue and narration.

(494) "Np (S) (del) & Vt (del) T(Past) (del) Av, & P D N &,P D N, &

Excl." NP 1 & VP 1 & PP l & PP 2 & Ex 1. This is simple and

(494)

(495)

(496)

(497)

(498)

(499)

(500)

(501)

339
(cont.) used for dialogue.
”C S Np M T(Past)‘not Vt Np, & Sin_Vt T(Past) Np--R Np & P N,
& Vi-en & P Np & P D N, & Q.Av Vi T(Past)'not, & DA--& Excl &
Np (S) & M T(Pres) have be-en, & S (del) Np Vi T(Pres), & Q Aj
(PN) & P Np.” S-cl l & S-cl 2 & R-cl l & PP l & R-cl 1(cont.)
& PP 2 & PP 3 & R-cl 1 (cont.) & Ex 1 & Ex 2 &,NP 1 & VP 1 &
S-cl 3 & NP 2 & PP 4. This is complex and used for dialogue.
"C Expl & M T(Pres) have Vt-en & Np (DO) &.S Np Vt T(Past) Npl'
Ex 1 & VP 1 & NP 1 & S—cl l (S). This is complex and used for
dialogue.
Np (S) & be T(Past) & P Np &.P DiN, & C Av Vt-ing &,D N (DO)--
& Av & P D N Vt-ingin. NP 1 & VP 1 & PP 1 & PP 2 & VP 1
(cont.) & NP 2 & VP 1 (cont.) & PP 3. This is simple and used
for narration.
C S Np D Vt T(Past) 8: P Np 8: Av D Aj N, "& Np (S) 8: 'Vt'
T(Past) &in (D0)?" &,Np (S) & Av, Av Vi T(Past). S—cl 1 &
PP 1 & S-cl 1 (cont.) & NP 1 & VP 1 &flNP 2 &ZNP 3 &.VP 2.
This is compound-complex and used for narration and dialogue.
"Np (S) & have T(Pres) be-en & Aj (PN), &CNp (S) & have T(PreS)
be-en 8: Aj (PN)," &Np (S) 8: Vi T(Past). NP 1 8: VP 1 &NP 2 8:
NP 3 & VP 2 &,NP 4 &XNP 5 & VP 3. This is compound and used
for dialogue.
"C have T(Pres)'not &.Np (S) & be-en & Aj (PN)?" VP 1 &:NP 1
& VP 1 (cont.) &:NP 2. This is simple and used for dialogue.
"Be T(Pres) not &.Np (S)--& Np (S) & 'have T(Pres) Av to Vi &
P Np1--& Aj (PN)?" VP 1 &:NP 1 & NP 2 & VP 2 & PP 1 &:NP 3.

This is compound and used for dialogue.

 

(502)

(503)

(504)

(505)

(506)

(507)

(508)

(509)

340
"Excl & Np (S) &.M T(Pres)’not Vt & S (del) Np Vt T(Pres) Np
A1,"8:Np (S)&Vi T(Past)&PDN. Exl8:NPl8:VPl8:
S-cl 1 (DO) &.NP 2 & VP 2 & PP 1. This is compound-complex
and used for dialogue and narration.
"C Np (S) 8: 'be T(Pres) 8: Aj (PN), &Np (S) 8: 'be T(Pres) 8: Aj
(PN)--& C N (S) & have T(Pres) Vi-en &.P Np." NP 1 & VP 1 &
NP2&NP38:VP2&NP48:NP58:VP38:PP 1. This is
compound and used for dialogue.
"Np (S) &:M T(Pres)'not Vt &DN (DO), &.P N, &.P D Aj N." NP 1
& VP 1 & NP 2 & PP l & PP 2. This is simple and used for
dialogue.
”Excl"--& Np (S) & Vt T(Past) &:N (DO): "& Np (S) &‘M T(Past)
'not have Vt-en &Np (DO) 8: 'Av."' Ex 1 &NP 1 8: VP 1 &NP 2
&.NP 3 & VP 2 &‘NP 4 & VP 2 (cont.). This is compound and
used for dialogue and narration.
"Np (S) & 'M T(Past) have Vt-en &.Np (DO) & Av." NP 1 & VP 1
8:NP 2 & VP 1 (cont.). This is simple and used for dialogue.
"D Aj Aj N (S)--& Np (S) 8: Vt T(Past) &Np (DO), &Np (S) 8: Vt
T(Past) &.D N (DO)--& be T(Pres) & P D Aj Aj N." NP 1 &'NP 2
&VP18:NP38:NP48:VP2&NP58:VP38:PP 1. This is
compound and used for dialogue.
”C D Aj Aj N (S) & be (del) T(Pres) (del) & Aj (PN) (del)--1"
NP 1 & VP 1 &:NP 2. This is simple and used for dialogue.
"Excl!” &JN (S) & Vi T(Past)--& C P D Aj N &.C P D Aj N. Ex 1
8:NP 1 & VP 1 & PP l & PP 2. This is simple and used for

narration.

(510)

(511)

(512)

341
Av, "8: Np (S) &have T(Pres) &DN (D0) &PN," &Np (S)&Av
ViT(Past). VP18:NP18:VP28:NP38:PP18:NP28:VP1
(cont.). This is compound and used for narration and dialogue.
"C Np (S) & have T(Pres)'not &.Np (D0)." NP 1 &,VP 1 &‘NP 2.
This is simple and used for dialogue.
"C Np (S) & be T(Pres)'not--& Excl, & Np (S) & be T(Pres)'not
--& Np (PN)!" &:Np (S) & Vi T(Past) & S Np Vt T(Past) Np & P
DN. NP18:VP1&Ex1&NP2&VP2&NP38:NP4&VP3&
S-cl l & PP 1. This is compound-complex and used for dialogue

and narration.

 

CONCLUSION

The average length of James's sentences does increase throughout
his career, from 17.7 words per sentence in "The Madonna of the
Future," to 20.3 words per sentence in "The Death of the Lion," and
finally to 26.4 words per sentence in "The Jolly Corner." But these
figures do not imply any overwhelming difficulty in the average
lengths of James's sentences. As William W. Watt points out: "The
studies of Rudolf Flesch indicate that an average reader will have no
trouble with a sentence average of seventeen words, but that as soon
as the average reaches twenty—one, the level is 'fairly difficult,‘
and when it gets to twenty—nine, reading is 'very difficult.'"1 At
no time, even in the "late" period, does James’s average sentence
length reach the level of "very difficult” for average readers.2
His average sentence length in the "early" period is at the "no
trouble" level, and during the ”middle” and "late" periods it is at
the "fairly difficult” level (barely so during the "middle" period).
The mere average of James's sentence lengths, then, though it
increases during James's career, does not increase to an over-
powering extent.

When we examine the types of sentences used, we find virtually
as many consistencies as we do changes. The compound sentence
appears always to have been James's least favorite type. Its
percentage of occurrence decreases from 17.3 in the "early" period,

to 15.8 in the "middle" period, down to 12.3 in the "late" period.

1An American Rhetoric, 3rd ed. (New York, 1964), p. 137.

2Watt also notes, p. 135, that "Theoretically it is meaning-
less to say only that a sentence is too long" unless a qualifying
phrase is added, such as "too long for readers with twelve-year
old minds.”

342

343
But this is a difference of degree, not of kind, for it is the least
used of the four sentence types in all three periods. One can
plausibly assume that the reason for its low place in.James's style
is its basic quality, as mentioned by Sheridan Baker: "Essentially
the compound sentence is simple-minded."3 Even the simple linking
of elements (such as ideas, actions, and speeches) is of course a
necessary way of thinking and writing at times, so James could
hardly neglect it completely. But he could, and did, subordinate
its position in the resources of his artistry, increasingly more so
as his career developed.

James's use of the simple sentence also decreases in his career,
from 36.3% in the "early" period to 22.4% in the "middle" period, and
finally to 21.5% in the "late" period. We are dealing here, how-
ever, with a case quite different from that of the compound sentence.
Whereas the compound sentence is always last in.James's repertoire,
the simple sentence never falls lower than third place, and during
the "early" period is the most used sentence type (by 7%). The
compound sentence,at its highest occurrence, is used less than
18% of the time, while the simple sentence, even at its lowest,
never occurs less than 21% of the time. While the decrease in
appearance of the compound sentence is relatively uniform from one
period to the next, the simple sentence has a major decrease
(almost 14%) from the "early" to the "middle" period, and only a
miniscule decrease (less than 1%) from the "middle" to the "late"
period. Obviously the only significant change in James's use of

the simple sentence happens only at one point, in the transition

'3The Practical Stylist, 2nd ed. (New York, 1969), p. 122.

 

344
from the "early" to the "middle" period. James apparently became
less interested, after one period, in the uniqueness of things which
the single sentence provides (one element standing by itself). If
we look at the representative tale of the "early” period, "The
Madonna of the Future," we discover that it is a story about a

projected unique work of art. Recall the ending, however: the

1

unique work of art is never completed; in fact, it is never even

begun. James seems to have a perfect match of sentence structure

In": LC:- 2!»;th

and content here. The content is about something unique; the

prevalent sentence structure embodies uniqueness as its most basic

 

quality. As James sees the failure of uniqueness in his content,
he decreases, perhaps subconsciously, the use of uniqueness in

his sentence types. The simple sentence, used more than any other
during the "early" period, falls into third place in usage for the
rest of his career.

The complex sentence shows at least one major consistency
throughout the three periods. It is always one of.James’s two
favorite types. In the "early" period it appears 28.7% of the
time (second place); this increases to 31.4% in the "middle"
period (first place) and drops down to 29.5% (second place) in the
"late" period. There is little overall difference in the complex
sentence's frequency of appearance throughout the three periods,
less than 3% in fact. Nor is there a consistent quality of either
increase or decrease, since the complex sentence initially increases
(from "early" to "middle") and then decreases (from "middle" to

"late"). The major quality of the complex sentence is the idea of

345
subordination.4 If we look at "Death of the Lion," the representative
story in which the complex sentence is the prevalent type, we see
that it is a tale about subordination. The artist ("lion") in the
story eventually must or does subordinate the demands of his art to
the demands of his public. Furthermore, the young American heroine
decides to subordinate her desire for a personal audience with Neil
Paraday (the artist) to a devotion to his art. And the young
narrator, at least seemingly, subordinates his own personal affairs,
to a career of watching over the "lion." Once again James unites
his sentence structure with his content. We can notice, hovever,
that the narrator's subordination is somewhat more apparent than real.
He does, after all, manage to win the young heroine for his wife,
largely through their relationship in serving Paraday. Perhaps for
this reason, James turned to another sentence type as his dominant
one during the "final" period.

The compound-complex sentence is the one type that steadily
increases in usage during James's career and that moves up in
relative position uniformly. It occurs 17.7% of the time (third
place) in the "early" period, 30.4% of the time (second place) in
the "middle" period, and 36.7% of the time (first place) during
the "final" period. One can notice that the biggest increase
(almost 13%) happens between the "early" and the ”middle" periods,
although the 6% increase going from the "middle" to the "late"
period is a noticeable one. The compound-complex sentence deals
with multiple relationships (equal elements and unequal elements

4See, for example, Sheridan Baker, The Practical Stylist, 2nd

ed. (New York, 1969), p. 31; and William W. Watt, An American
Rhetoric, 3rd ed. (New York, 1964), p. 122.

 

 

 

346
both), and it appears as a sentence type most often during the "final"
period. Examining the representative story of this period, "The
Jolly Corner," we see that it is indeed a tale about multiple rela-
tionships: Spencer Brydon's relationship with his alter ego, his
relationship with Alice Staverton, the relationship between America
and Europe, between present and past. Some relationships (the
love one, for instance) are between equals. Some relationships
are between unequals - the alter ego one, for example; the "could
have been" is ultimately not really equal to the "what was and is."
James shows an understanding of this by having the alter ego's
very existence depend on the awareness of others (Brydon and Miss
Staverton). Brydon, on the other hand, does not depend on the
alter ego for his existence. Once again, then, James's sentence
structure merges suitable with his content.

Turning to an exploration of the six main structures in an
English sentence, we discover a Complex set of patterns. For
practical purposes, it is best to leave our consideration of the
noun phrases and the verb phrase (the two most complicated and
important structures) until later. We might sensibly begin our
discussion with the "ex" phrase, which is the structure used least
by James. One "ex” phrases appears in every nine sentences during
the "early" period; this ratio increases to one "ex" phrase per
eight sentences during the "middle" period and one "ex" phrase
per six sentences during the "late" period. In short,.James
steadily increased his usage of the "ex" phrase, but at no time

was it really used much in literal terms.

 

347

This fact becomes apparent when we look at James's utilization
of the prepositional phrase. Its occurence is identical during the
"early" and "middle" periods: 2.1 prepositional phrases per
sentence. A marked increase occurs, however, during the "late"
period, in which 3.5 prepositional phrases appear per sentence.
Since the purpose of the prepositional phrase is to modify other
structures, we can see James's rather constant wish to expand
elements by means of modification. In literal terms, it is the

prepositional phrase which plays the important role in this type

..— __. _.:.J-._u'.‘..rv. 1 “in

of expansion.

 

Such a truth is apparent if we examine two other structures 3
that can be used for modification: the subordinate clause and the
relative clause. The occurrence of these two structures increases
steadily throughout-James's career. We find that the subordinate
clause appears in 47% of the sentences during the "early" period,
in 63% of the sentences during the "middle" period, and in 80%
of the sentences during the “late" period. The relative clause
occurs in 25% of the sentences from the "early" period, in 40%
of the sentences from the "middle" period, and in 48.6% of the
sentences from the "late" period. Viewed from another per-
spective, however, 80% is less than one per sentence and 48.6%
is less than one per two sentences. So in actual occurrence,
the subordinate clause and the relative clause appear far less
than does the prepositional phrase. Even with the appearance of
the two clauses combined, they occur less than the prepositional
phrase does.

W8 may discern some further points by a closer look at James's

348
use of the two clauses. James always used the subordinate clause
with greater frequency. The highest percentage of occurrence of the
relative clause (during the "late" period) is only slightly more than
the lowest percentage of occurrence of the subordinate clause (during
the "early" period). In any one period, the subordinate clause
appears at least 22% more than the relative clause does. Further-
more James more evenly balances his use of the three functions a
clause can have - sentence modifier, part (main structure) modifier,
sentence part - in handling the subordinate clause. The relative

clause is used almost exclusively as a part modifier, which is after

 

"fm.‘li‘.-ll" ""0

all its basic function. It occurs in this role 94% of the time in
the "early" period, 90% of the time in the "middle" period, and 84%
of the time in the "late" period. Obviously James did try to
increase his versatility in handling the relative clause, and this
becomes apparent in his use of it as a sentence part (that is, as
subject, direct object, or predicate nominative). The relative
clause appears as a sentence part 5% of the time during the "early"
period, 7% of the time in the ”middle" period, and 14% of the time
in the "late" period. In contrast, James's use of the subordinate
clause shows more balance throughout his career. There is only

an 8% difference in the three functions of the subordinate clause
during the "early" period and "middle" period . In the "early"
period, it has a 38% appearance as a sentence modifier, a 32%
appearance as a sentence part, and a 30% appearance as a part
modifier. During the "middle" period, it has a 37% appearance as

a part modifier, a 34% appearance as a sentence modifier, and a 29%

appearance as a sentence part. For the "late" period, the balance is

349
less, but it is still greater than for the relative clause at any
period. In the "late” period, the subordinate clause has a 48%
appearance as a part modifier, a 35% appearance as a sentence
modifier, and a 17% appearance as a sentence part. To summarize,
throughout his career James steadily increased his use of the

subordinate clause as a part modifier; he steadily decreased his

 

use of it as a sentence part, and he remained relatively uniform E*
in his use of it as a sentence modifier.

Turning to the noun phrase and verb phrase, we see that there
is a uniform and very small numerical increase in their occurrence :
during the three periods. Noun phrases have an appearance of 2.7 1.

per sentence for the "early" period, of 2.8 per sentence for the
"middle" period, and of 2.9 per sentence for the "late" period.
Verb phrases have an appearance of 1.6 per sentence for the
"early” period, of 1.7 per sentence for the "middle" period, and
of 1.8 per sentence for the ”late" period. In other words, the
noun phrase and the verb phrase both increase by .l per sentence
throughout James's career.

If we investigate the types of noun phrases and verb phrases
used, respectively, we gain a more thorough insight into the patterns
employed by James. Pronouns and nouns occur most often, with the
pronoun employed the greatest number of times. It appears in 51% of
the noun phrases during the "early" period, in 49.3% during the
"middle" period, and in 54.3% during the "late" period. Nouns occur
32% of the time in the "early” period, 34% of the time in the
"middle" period, and 28.3% of the time in the "late" period. ‘Nouns,

then, are present almost oneuthird of the time, while pronouns are

350
present in approximately one-half of the noun phrases. It is easier
to modify a noun, of course, since we can say "the small boy" but
not "the small he." On the other hand, pronouns achieve their
clarity by reference to an antecedent. Therefore, by his frequent
use of them, James demands that his reader pay careful attention
to context.

The other types of noun phrases - infinitive, adjective, and
participial phrase - are utilized by James with relative uniformity.
Combined, they appear in 17% of the noun phrases of the "early"
period, in 16.7% during the "middle" period, and in 17.4% from the
"late" period. Adjectives decrease from 9%, to 7.3%, down to 6.5%.
Infinitives go up from 5% to 7%, and back down to 5.6%. Participial
phrases decrease from 3% to 2.4%, and then increase to 5.3%. In
each period, of these three types, the adjective occurs most often
and the participial phrase the least often.

James employs three types of verbs for over 90% of his verb
phrases. These are the transitive verb, the intransitive verb,
and forms of ”be." The transitive verb steadily decreases in usage
from 38% to 36% to 31.4%, while ”be“ gradually increases from 24.2%
to 25% to 28.8%. Intransitive verbs first decrease very slightly,
from 30% to 29.9%, and then increases to 34.3%. Of the three types
"be" is used the least during each period; the transitive verb is used
the most in the "early" and ”middle" periods, while the intransitive
verb appears the most during the "late" period. Such a high
occurrence of transitive verbs and of ”be” (which often functions
as a linking verb) accounts, at least partly, for the greater

number of noun phrases than of verb phrases. Transitive and linking

 

 

351
verbs require at least two nouns per verb: a subject and a direct
object or predicate nominative.

There remain five comparatively minor types of verbs that
James uses less than 10% of the time. I refer to the linking verb
prOper (as distinct from ”be" used for linking), the two special
transitive verbs (of the "give" and "elect" classes), "have," and
modals. These five, in combined totals, appear as the main verb F;
in 5.1% of the verb phrases during the "early" period, in 9.1%
during the "middle" period, and in 5.5% during the "late" period.

Of the five types, "have" occurs most frequently in each period

 

(3%, 4%, and 2.4%), and modals occur least frequently (.2%, 0%, ‘T
and .5%). "Elect" transitive verbs never appear more than 1%
of the time, and "give" transitive verbs never appear more than
2% of the time during any one period. Linking verbs have a
frequence occurrence of 2.1% in both the "early" and "middle"
periods, and of 1.6% in the ”late" period.

One final area needs to be studied in our examination of the
noun phrase and the verb phrase. This is the area of devices used
by James to alter the structure without changing the number or types
of phrases. Four devices fall into this category: delay, deletion,
interruption and inversion. Delay refers to the temporary withholding
of a structure from its usual place in the sentence (for example,
placing a prepositional phrase before the subject to open a sentence).
Deletion is the understood, but not literally expressed, inclusion of
a structure (for instance, the understood subject in an imperative
sentence). Interruption is the separation of elements in a structure,

such as the inclusion of a subordinate clause between the modal and

352
the transitive verb in a verb phrase. Inversion refers to the placing
of a structure in a place usually holding another structure (for
example, opening a sentence with a direct object rather than a
subject).

In examining the noun phrase, we discover that James gradually
increases his use of these four devices. Their combined total rises
from 14.6% in the ”early" period, to 17.2% in the "middle” period,
up to 19.3% in the ”late” period. The delaying device is always
James's favorite, going steadily upward from 6.1% to 7.9% to 8.7%.
When we remember that any element put before the subject automati-
cally delays it, we are not surprised to find this particular device
as the most usual one. Deletion and inversion remain relatively
uniform throughout James's career. For instance, deletion rises from
3.1% to 3.4% and finally lessens to 2.7%. The device of interruption
initially goes down from 2.2% to 2.1%, and then goes up to 4.9%.

Even at their highest occurrence, however, none of these last three
devices is used as often as delaying is at its lowest occurrence.

When we study the verb phrase, we find James using the four
devices more frequently than he does for the noun phrase in each
period. These devices appear 18.7% of the time in the "early" period,
decline to 17.6% occurrence in the “middle" period, and rise to 21.9%
occurrence during the "late" period. Interruption is James’s
favorite device for the verb phrase, having an appearance of 11.2%,
8.9%, and 12.9% for the three periods. Realizing that there can
easily be four or more elements in a verb phrase, I find James's
frequent use of interruption quite understandable. In no period do

the combined totals for the other three devices equal the percentage

 

353

for interruption. Inversion is relatively important, although it
steadily declines in usage from 5% to 4.6% to 4%. Deletion, on the
other hand, steadily increases in usage from 2.2% to 3.4% to 4.1%.
Delaying also increases but is always minor in usage,merely going
from 0.3% to 0.7% to 0.9%. It never reaches as high an occurrence
as 1%.

Some words of caution are necessary about the area of sentence
purposes. Although this area could refer to content rather than
structure, certain figures here may prove valuable in considering

James style. In the “straight“ purpose sentences (those used

 

basically for one purpose), it is dialogue and narration, not reflec- 3
tion, which predominate. Reflection as a sentence purpose does

increase in James's career from 7.7% to 15.7% to 19% occurrence.

Narration, however, also increases from 21.2% to 26.4% to 32%

occurrence. Dialogue does decrease from 55% to 41.6% to 30% occur-

rence. Even at their lowest points, dialogue and narration both

appear more frequently than does reflection at its highest. Wherever

the answers about James's style are to be found, they surely are

not to be discovered in a mere study of his use of reflective

sentences.

What answers have we found in this study of James's sentence
structure? First, conclusions need to be based on a careful study
of the actual data — James's own sentences. Any other conclusions
are not completely worthless, but they are simply impressionistic,
and therefore are at best unprovable, at worst inaccurate. Second,
the average length of James's sentences increases, but it never

reaches the level of "very difficult“ reading. Third, James has a

354

different sentence type predominant in each stage of his career:
simple sentence in the "early” period, complex sentence in the
”middle" period, and compound-complex sentence in the "late" period.

In summarizing the main structures,we find that ”ex" phrases
are used infrequently and that prepositional phrases appear in great
numbers as a means of expansion by modification. Subordinate and
relative clauses increase in usage, although each one's frequency
of appearance is always less than one per sentence. James's
utilization of the subordinate clause for different functions is more
balanced than his use of the relative clause. The number of noun
phrases and of verb phrases increases very slightly, and certain
basic types of noun phrases and of verb phrases retain their
importance throughout his career. Delaying is the device used most
often to alter the sentence structure concerning the noun phrase,
and interruption is the most used device for the verb phrase.

Finally, as indicated throughout this section, James matches
his content and style to a great extent. His use of sentence types
reflects the concerns of his tales. And in exploring those concerns,
James took creative advantage of the resources of the English

language.

 

 

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