‘—1(,g_x
Icoo ‘ m
mmm ‘ i W L ‘

 

 

.A STUDY or CONCRETE MlXER TYPES!

Thesisfpt-the .Degrée of B S. .
LL. Cornetct B
‘ 19.28 ’

 

L 11' I
"fie-w

--, - ‘3.
WW3 ‘ '
In? ,, ' . r
‘ ,.« “a '

., ‘ ul’v
Ic «Sf!
. In" 3%

 

5.“.

3."-

G

 

f STUDY CF COECEECE IIXER ZYZEJ

A Chesis Submittec 10 The Faculty Of
RICEICAH SQAJE COLIEGE
of

AGLICUlTUEE AND AIILIED SCIENCE

by
L. L. Egrnetet
Candidate for Degree of Bachelor of Science

June 1928.

THEDXS

 

 

FOREWORD

"QUALITY is never an accident; it
is always the result of high in-
tention, sincere effort, intell-

i ent direction and skillful ex-

UQ

ecution; it represents the wise
chokle of many alternatives, the
cumulative experience of many
masters of craftsmanship ani it
also marks the quest of an ideal
after necessity has been s&tis—
fied and usefulness achieved.“

--L.H.Johnson

H".
"1
’21
C)
F
A
, l
J
t
’ i
t—OI
.4
J
I
‘
J
i
-1
l

 

A century ago this country was a land of very crude methods
and ideas. Caravans were slowly creeyinr along jOOT wagon
trails, fording rivers, and struggling uI mountains. Cities
were built of wood, and a few years later they were being com-
Iletely destroyed by fire. Tachinery and lower were very little
thought of; man lived mostly by his strength. One hundred
years ago Zortland cement was an unknown thing to man.

The flight of tire las brought many great changes in the
years since then, changes both in methods and machinery. in
industry has syrung u; from insignificance to gigantic Tro-
Iortions. An irdustry which has made this civilized age of
ours an age 0' syeed and Iroduction, an are of yleasure and
real living. Clis industry rlays a very imjortant yart in
every man's life as he travels over the country side. This
is an eye of concrete.

Cwenty years ago there were 591,416 square yeards of con-
crete roads in the United Sta es. Ihink of it, the equivalent
of only 58 niles of 18 foot jav ment. Today 50,CCC miles of
long gray ribbon stretch across our continent, enough to

u.

twice encircle the globe. Sky scrayers 800 feet high reach
my into the heavens. Automobiles syeed across the country
at 60 and TO piles an hour. Times have indeed changed. This
is an age of ever increzrsin,C syeed, outl’ut, and yroi‘it, erd

all due to concrete.

Concrete as a construction material is often referred to

C+

:e that in the

Pa

as having a thousand and one uses. It is r

_9_.
J

3ast iew years it has core to occvyy a 3: it' f 1*‘0¢L~FCB

L—‘
C-‘
:1
C.)

(Q

J 1

that no one could have 3redicted eventy *ears arc sin3ly becaus

‘.
com3aratively little was know 'n of its Iossibi lities or how to
handle it.

ured. in 1927 more than ECO,CCL,CCL sari els was 3rod ced.

ra3id increase is due to tie r ny more uses found for concrete

and the develoynent of rec ines to mix it. ilnost all of this

1

118.

CI

' none in the cnargirg eoor of sore Ishe or" Ti} :er and came

1
out concrete. Tery little of it has 3roc duced concrete in its
strongest and most rurable iorm.

Lhis lac: of metiirv strength and durability has 3artly
been due to t1
concrete and jartly due to 011ts ide forces ”overninf-the mach-
ine. In this retort I will try to com3are the TTGSEHt day
machines showin? their good and bad 3_oin-s in design erCh
leads toward the 3rodfiction of maximum strength concrete.

Seventy five years ago the first concrete rix r was jut
on the r;1l Let. t was a very sim3l e nacline corsistina of a
horizontal slaft with vertical blades mounted so as to revolve
in a cylinder. (Figure 1.) Since then a lone 3rocess of
evolution has taken 3lace until today we have rany flakes and
designs of machines. Sore are good, and many are not so good.

Etday the contractor Cernands de3endahility of Ierform-
ance and S3eed as the vital reruirevei s of a mixer. Tomorr-
ow the contractor will be forced to demand not only these fac-
tors but a far more im3ortant item: - EUALIEY.

as are rs3idly 3as sing into an age of engineering where

rtlnnd cement was manufact-

 

 

Figure 1. Showing
the developement of

the concrete mixer.

 

-4-

things are not just built, but are first desirned in every de—
tail. hore and more every day, S3ecifications are calling for
a designed mix of concrete with a certain Strength regnired.
Some concrete mixer manufactures are trying to heer race with
these requirements in building their machines. hany others
are handica3red from getting the best design by 3ossible 3st-
ents. Others still think that quantity and not Quality is
what the contractors and biilders denand, and they still hold
to their old designs.

Due to the above factors there are a large nunber of

1

tv3es of mixers u3on the narhet. They all have food and had
30ints in their designs. In the following 3ages I will rive
a list of the leading maiufacturing comjanies and an outline
of different designs of the 3arts that go to make u3 their

reS3ective machines, and then try to com3are them giving the

good and bad 3oints of each.

LIST OF COTIAHYJ AHD 5UTIIFE OF DETAIL DESIoI.

 

CO}. I .11." Y

_-l,
Anhno

 

 

Jeeger

hoehring

hulti-
foote

Knicker-
bocker

CBS-141:0 Sh

 

Three yoint susrension.

Hot riveted,

Three yoint susrension.

FOt riveted.

Four yoint susrension.

Bet riveted.

Three goint susyension.

Arc welded, bolted.

Three loint snsyension.
Bet riveted.

three Ioint et8}ension.

hot riveted.

three Joint susyension.

hot riveted.

 

Solid axle

Roller Bearing Wheel.

Solid Axle.

Solid Axle.

Solid Axle.

0

Solid Axle.

Built 1T Axle.

Solid Axle.

Chain drive.

 

 

V l'!‘

‘
‘4; .44

IEZLIL (Cont.

‘Mi‘ " T CW
J—J‘JA-l; i .

 

C Cl". 15le Y

v\ 1+- fi- , ‘
h r .
.LiC) .LJI. 4.1;- u t)

ERUK

 

 

Jaeger

Ioehring

Lulti-
foote

Knicker-
bocher

O Shl‘ZO Sh

 

E0 rollers.

Central shaft.

Levolving Shaft.

Beveled car-wheel tyreo

‘

Iimhen roller bearings.

rw

irunnion lollers.
Levolving shaft,
car Wheel tyre.

lhosrhor bronze bearing.

Hyatt roller bearing.

Eimhen roller bearing.

Chilled steel rollers.

 

Int. Flat Sgot.
Tilt tyre.
lmyroved twin blades.

5 action re-mixing
drum.

5 action.

Salanced h- d.

5 action Mix.

5 action nix.

()1

action mix.

4 action nix.

Yen bucket drum.

 

 

1151

U4.-

-7-

—- - ~~,"

P1". “'1‘" ‘V - ".2 ",1" v -"'
KJUIJ I'll J. L.) 1:111) {L 4—: I- 4;!

~—,-s -n ~.' --Vx ‘w- ~_-y
~. r ~T- .~ (N.
.5».—

n .
u \ ..‘.
_I__n.. a. .n. ,4”, _fi \ _- 1

(cont.

 

‘1’\‘."'.' f“:
(JV; “LI-L141

“-‘r "' (N-r .‘f'*‘ VI' " I-v-I-lw'r
l—";‘5Ui-_ CH») l. --J\.‘. ;.L C] .5 lb .LJ

‘qwr- 1\
_“' I '
5.4“ .5

 

 

Jaeger

hoehring‘:

hulti-
foote

Knicker-
bocher.

Oshkosh

.'.ansor1e

hex

 

Semi steel.

Gear drive.

Steel built ur drum.

Lonble gear drive.

lressed

Double gear.

Fressed steel.

Chain drive.

Cast semi steel.

Chain drive.

Steel drum.
Single gear drive.
lies;

Chain drive.

treated steel drur

V3

 

Diuble continuous a
cable.

FJ.
C

Single cable lo

'1‘ , 4,
J;OlS;o

lwo cable

Ewo cable hoist.

Two cable hiist.

Stream line shij.

 

 

31;“

‘.‘ .- .
- a

S. —A— _"- ‘ -.. fig¢u.ba4

qu‘“ -.--a_‘rf‘.}- \

r'. 7‘ CTT'“? .“..‘
. | ‘ "
‘~A J) V .s—'-'-L—-.¢_A ‘ .a-

 

:r a r;"“'

, . bur"
‘u-‘AJ-d-J‘s

4.44.1.

I? '. 'I‘ (‘1'?
fide. \JLL

fl7 7‘-
’ r
_.‘_ l-¢‘l‘..

 

 

Jeger

1:0 e1; ring?

hulti-
foote

Knicker-
bochcr

Ransone

31‘
CD
>4

 

Iat. tilt snd.rour tanhv

.Zy} hon tyl

e.

Three way valve.

Sthon tyre.

valve.

Sylhon tyre.
Three way valve.
velve.

lhrree may

,.
~v~

_(
”a .i

hon tyre.

hicroneter regulator.

 

Cine control.

fine control.

locks drun.

Gear driven.

locks drum.

Tine control.

Lochs drum.

T’,~.~
.L:Ulleo '

Hone.

--c

}—I

.one.

 

 

‘b. ~+—- -—

—.q-. ——~

~s ,.(‘y u. - v1.4

..-. ... TV‘TT , - (‘7'
.b‘l UVALL‘.-.» ._.

CLTEE

T . .I, V. _— \ v v! ~ w- w- - -< A -, 1
v r . , .
‘3 V £4.7‘:.}.‘:-'.: WA-G_¢LLD—A‘.-Ia. H

-v1..._.- ..

Tifls"'1'- 'l.""‘f', ‘3’"1‘”‘.‘."

.54 \..v' \' AA.‘ ../' 4.1K. 4.5....1 .—

. .. "v‘fi'r‘ / 1-4, )
Altigaad‘ugm‘é'A-IHJUMX-LJ-i LC QnLJ-J It. .7

 

 

Jaeger

T.
i
1.
1-081111ng

Lulti-
foote

hnicher~
bocher‘

0 shko sh

hex

 

discharge chute

str’i ht one liece

p:
r“)

livbted inside.

30 er 01ereted.

Straight one Iiece

Extremely large.

0
Pu

btr.ight one Iiece.

2 wer orernted.

its jiece
Esnd control.
ivm giece.

Sower control.

 

vane-“1+..- "-0--”- - . - «

 

deynrate Control.
lower control.

Self sIreading bucket.

lower control.

Double doors.

Il'ne.

Tower Control

lottom dumy.

Tovrer control.

Gate bucket.

 

 

 

.-A

 

 

I? .r V" “ ‘ ‘1' ~ ' "' ~'“‘.1 ’\ 7-17, w'" w - --f'- IV. V
LI}- L: (A; -l._2 1 CL- l_r,t in- l. l l i_, (”oncl.)
.7 .. w-
v ’ "‘ IT. ”r- ”. r‘ T‘ ' “'“T‘E‘ n 7v ~ T
Cw'l. :- -Lii' .L i‘s:;;-JII‘_L o.) ‘Ji. Is I. C ‘pr l' L.LJ X. .4 - ..

 

Jaeger

Loehriné

liulti -
foote

Knickers
bocher

O sh‘no sh

l4nsome

p5

 

Oleni geai'laox.

le Loi.

Closed gear box.

nauhesha & le hoi.

Closed gear box.

4 cylinder Iercules.

Oren gears.
Fuller and Johnson.
CIen Gears.
Le hoi.
Closed gear box.

'.[au1:e sh a .

 

Cne man end control.

One mane end control.

Cne ran clear View
control.

One man control.

One man control.

One man control.

lat. hechanical Kan.

One man control.

 

 

 

.l

Qhe diflerent garts of the recline rill be tahen seyarate-

1.

ly and discussel shoring the variations in desién and yointing

u the ad'aniages and disadvantages of each one.

$3.31 :3
seventy five jercent of the pachines in the above outline
have three joint svsyension frames. yhis three "oint susyen-

sion }revents twisting of the frame when travelin? over rourh

and uneven roads. strains set 1F by vneven footing never
reaches the chassis. (Figure 2.)
Che "Lultifoote" nachine has a four foint svsreneion

frame which gives the m'x r a muc:-nore firm and solid foun-
dation for its r al worn wf nixinc and rourine concrete. On
rough ground though this machine would have to be leveled n3
each time before it could be run. This disadvantage out-
ueighs the advantave of the solid foundation.

ill but one of the above mshe of mixers lave frames rude
of structural steel hot riveted together. this mahes a rigid
frare that will not be loosened by vihration or strain, and
gives jerfect alig'ment to ell moving =arts. (figure 3.).

A11 -

Lhe "Knickerbocker" frames are built as one 3iece. all ja‘t‘

L.)

w

' u":

are are Welded together. rhi“ gives an added ]recattion for
strength, but the hot riveted frame gives good service in

nost all tgjes of racifines.

‘

J I

I believe the best byge of ‘rare would be a structure
built of structural steel hot riveted toyether with three

3‘ 0 int sits} enSi or .

 

 

 

Figure 3 —- Showing the flexibility of

the three point suspension frame.

-13-

 

 

 

Figure 3.- The not riveted structural

steel frame.

T~?.-v aw - .-—-— ‘r- 7‘
>- 1 . ,
I.L *4‘44 J _ 4 L4)... - J .

 

{Le Lens-one yeorle are tire only Cong-any ulo eqvija} ed their
reenines uitl a built up axle. Tlis axle is naee u; of two
channel irons with stubs riveted in tle end. (Figure 4.) Tie
otler six conganys Lold to the solid axle n ich has given
good serrice.

All rake of mixers may be boug-t equiyied with any de-
sign of wheel, the steel or rubber, being the common tyres.

.|

Chess wneels may be ootaine

co

in any size, diameter, and width

J'v

desired. Zone of tle man “actures e,ui§§ed their WLGGlS Wief

J

roller bearings which gives an advanoage over tie flat bear-

ing, due to the less wear on tie axle and more ease in moving.
fine yavers are all mounted on crawlers mostly all of
the same design. All of them are very good. Ciey are all
3ower steered.
[Le solid axle and roller bearing G’Uij ed uleels are
the most used tyre. Today they seem to Five the best service

over a long jeriod of tine.

-15-

 

 

RANSOME TRUCKS AND
IN FRAME

 

_ Ransome Trucks

Figure 4.- The Ransome trucks showing the

the built up axle.

Che rollers which
imyo1rtant items on the

wares

.—

wear of all the moving

common construction is the;

4

.he drum

ing materials in
to e: :traordina

2e roller hubs

axles. if

alignrent of the drum

ort the entire mixer causing

rollers, rvneays, and 3 31s.

Some of the 00h]“lyS

on 3*]: O rt

ml}: 81' o

groducing

ter a

have been

the Crimizire OYN3(Jf tie rmost

subject to the hardest

‘ of the mixer. Che defect of the

4 tie heavy down thrust of the tumul-

subject the toy of the fixed bee.1nv
it hard wear. This enlai M? the

4.
k:

cainst _e

short causes dis-

sets ur heavy vilratioim t rough-
ra id wea1<n1t1e feces of the

4 --.-e “ ,. .‘I‘ 1 . ,
Li.) -0 U‘itlcjg.e

in:

defect and are 3artl3 succeeding in one ua3 or :nother. Lie
Jaeger geozle =o V«d this trouble b3 not lavins rollers at
all but nountinr the drum on a central sha' ft W icl is rolle:
bearing: te'li] ed. (17131:..re 5. ;.

Che hoehrin: ant the hnicherbocher com7an3s hey the
rollers to the snaft and suyyort the s aft with large babbit

since tle roliers both rev

the chi ftingf-f o i the lee d in

155,116 if ”we 1 0 93:11.10 6 in 8 Be TE)
zia3 be removed to "axe r: t;

olve

1::
\a

much more bea surface; aid

4'. W 5“, I . _."_C' .1. .4 '
she ditm LOGS not eiieet LLe
q f‘. -, ‘- . I‘- :~-. ’- r ‘. _
' ta 13 are “‘11L.'€u.:ri.s, suit
- ‘ v m '1. .-.— 4 V'r-rN-1
j 84:] €10 -4 e Oe'J*.LT1£y \’U<.~.l x).

lhlS des en 18 a li{ ingrovement over the old ‘3je. (Fvorre 6.)
Uhe Cellos, Co; 313 has n exti large yhosyhor bronze

and an

.1

oil reservoir to ‘:313 a con-

-17-

 

 

      
     
       
       
    
   
 
 

   

TIMKEN TWIN
ROLLER BEARINGS ' _ ‘ .. BLADES
IN HARDENEDAND SPLITS AND
GROUND RACES SHOVELS THEI
ALLENCLOSED AGGREGATE
IN DUST EASY TO
PROOF

 

HOUSING

 

 
 
         

 

GREASE
CHA_M_BER
I Grass.
STEEL YOKE , a FILLS IT THRU
BIG CHILLED PINION H" 2 THE HOLLOW
(COVERED WITH GUARD) W SHAFT

 

 

 

 

FAMOU$"FLAT SPOT DRUM
THE TWO PAT'D. FLAT SPOTS ON JAEGER
DRUM GIVES A FOLDING "RE" MIXING
ACTION- BETTER CONCRETE

 

 

 

 

Figure 5.- The Jaegor drum showing the
famoua"flat spot" and the contral moun-

ting.

 

   

\ . O?
,— -\\"Az
“adage
0!
o}£?‘e
+\\.
1 4 °<‘ \
0 09 <\ PREJJ—F/f AND
Q. Q’ - P/Nth 70 5/1907".
9 ,3. \
”IL!" or .5101}? I5
away: BEIRING. known“ SIM/'7
IL WA Y5 REM/N5
17-5 SHAPE.

 

FREE RUNNING kOLLER 3--

ON STATIONARY SHAFT ;

.sooN BECOMES WIBBLY. ;
.

UNEOUNL WIflR ON Sflflr
CflU 5:5 EXCESS/V5: WEflR

l/VROLLERS BO

 
  

STATIONARY SHAFT

Q
771305 T FORCE ,’ :

[-1.4 T TENS I? I
STflTIONflRY JHflFT.

DIFF/CULT 7'0 REM/IV LUBE/CENT ”:i .1!

Figur- 6 A - ”he old type of trunions showing th

unequal wear of the shaft.

        
     
 

PERFEC T
LUJPICITJOM

 

The Koehring type of drum roller

Figure 6 B.-
= wear of the bearing with

assembly showing the

a revolving shaft.

-1e-

L4

0 fl

~4 ..«+ l..- ' .- -.-- .1, :1 a 5- .r :2- - 41.7.-.
start l;L;‘lC&l*-._L._Il lor the eel-.211? shriece. I_1,C:7.1e

r.- .u ‘ c“ o _ 1' -q ,_ fir. d ‘ b . -‘.‘ .. w" .7 - 1 o “’1 - ‘3 -7. ‘ ’-

_;.e 1e. since-I or U.._e c AL; .113 s have their oi--- ere e
‘ vv . J ‘ fl F‘ A . '. " r' 'l - —"¥ -. A w. ‘x J' 1 A
1 ea \41 U1- .10}. e]: U'Vgl 4.11:“;4. - - s3, guiuej. -J- ’ ERG E; ‘uO l

-fi 1 1".2 f. "I ‘é ' " P; I ‘~' ~“ J .’ I— 5 " J ' . ‘!“ ’2 ’ " ‘ ‘! - ' r’. ~-- ‘-
EI-LJ- C“~)l-LK1'54!-.-"1.LS ball-6' 4.. 6’ _- Ltpb LI_;JI--lltr 0-; .LJ‘.LC.*-;.J.‘1 Carnot 6‘,

-":~.’ 1". '1 ~‘ -f-' ' “"- ‘I'f L""‘fi f s‘m H-xv‘ 7 -. ‘1 . ,3 -~»r - . _, '~ - -" 5 .
{Lira \JJ. 1 the; 61‘.) 1.6 b “out; o._; r. leer he 1.8:..V J .LO :3» u -16

r ‘ ‘ " "w j ' . a D 1 \ "~ -. . -r‘ '- c . ‘- ' ‘ ‘ w v Q '1 v : . ' .1 .1 v v 'J 7,
-.LL; GLBLL 3.01-165 06:12.11;th 2316: 1.51.6;ilJ \ 38L; If, - u, -.-L-O . one
7 .7 o} ’V‘f J A q t '4 ‘- ‘ ' 1 ’fi" (J I“ " ~. 1‘ pt. -I. ‘ 1"] P— Q-v “j 0" 1‘. ( — . r.“l ‘I '- (‘~ \

' JVC’ “" L’AJ D e k’Lu—L- ell lsJ- Lt. G.) .“l ..G Ll uh»; l J..-(: ‘ 6L4 .5 k» . .A- .3. .’_ Lu 1 e (1' . .‘

In all cos :3 t.~.e :.'ollcrs are 1' ends or steel, Retell;
car wheel steel, chilled on the face one ground to e 121:
surface. The E's-risorge Cor; e 113 rs s e, flanged wheel ‘.'.:.;'-c}1
aims in l;ee'_i11§f the arm: l"i"llllf' true.

'_‘3_e best 1.3: e of triuion rollers are the or:- 3 rule 0

1. ' 3 --, .." '1 .4. ,.. ._ 3. ., .4 ,7: ..... 3 . ‘h - . _.- -.
erilleu -1 wheel steel is mongue- on JU..-‘-€l see--111..-

 

 

 

.Nosl4S,2HSAND
28SIDRUAII{0LLERS

Figure 7.- Showing the
Oshkosh drum roller
construction. Note the

oil reservoir.

 

 

 

Fig .S—Here 13 Foote 5 answer to the much discusse d ucstion of whether it is better to let drum
rollers revolve on the shaft or to key them to the slut t, from the standpoint of bearing service.
Timken bearings as installed in MultiFoote drum rollers are guaranteed for life.

 

Figure 8.— The trunione equipted with roller

bearings.

 

fl.

. i ' 1 ‘- n ‘r." f ' .3- -\ l‘ -‘ ._ ‘1 ‘~ - H. " a 4“ “ :fi "5‘ "‘ ru ‘
Cheie H618 Zcu,tct,CCc be11els o1 -oitlont CEuent «see
last 3 er in the United States. finetg five fiercent 01 ing
.. ~ -' 4 4 V .1 . «c—-' "0‘ " ,- ~ ‘ f e :w- -.. .~ -_ mi"; 2-,. -. ~~~
‘v' Oli‘t .l_n L 0 {1-0 (11.39 1(- J—lkch“ (LJ J1 U L4. In. -L-A‘— - ..' (..wl..'- Ll- LNJ- »‘ e 4. 5"»).-.11‘: ~ .111 -
01:51- a ce1 t =:--in or. omit o1 I.l3illl,{= Lotion cene out in :~ e is 1311
J‘ - \ » V' -' a ‘1 ’- - '\ c- '1. '- -: "a ‘~ "1 ‘ r~‘ fl 7 1".
or concrete. ths concrete has veiled in strength-one c1:-
'1 '1 v _ . ,~-‘ a] ;-. ' r | a .0. . “I‘. ‘ inf" _ ‘f ‘ .w
soilit3‘ from the very _oorest to e 113 grcce h1ieiltlo (he
Inost oi it was in the yoorer class. This variation has seen

.'

Caused jertl3 c3 outsid.e ioi ces governing the mixer, but it
is mostly Cue to the design of the drum itself.
..'l-e mi: in; action, caused hi: the 8.1st e oi" :?c 6.11111 and

1

design oi the o ode: ULiCl the rneterisls ret while in the
drum, constitutes t-e most ingortent item in concrete hehinf.
Ali G congenies hnoring this fact have designed and rede-
tfljflled their 611nmsruitil tofih3 cwcn1111ve s distijxrtzuhxing
action oi their can.

re Jeeger in their tilting drum rechine have what is
;nown es the Famous Tlet oyot Drum. This fetented drum with
its two flat sgots (Figure S) or surfaces on the bottom of
the bowl iolds the concrete over; the cens share fleS‘it back

while the injroved twin blades slice across the rose sylit-

O
1."

Ho

ting it mg and shovelling it

re
l-J

1'13 a. thorough nix f ,1» d1 ~~~
Sticky CUncrete as well as 8100173 corcrete. Chis mixing

action occurs sixt3 tines fer ninute. there is one disad—

l
;
,0
F

f

( \
C4.
03
C+
9“!
CD
Ht

entese in this t3 e of drum,

l-‘J

'ihe yert of
the nix settles to the bottom end the coarse rereins on the

toy. In other worCs regs tion occur This mixer is a

1

SG{.€
much 188d and very ” ell lihco xe.chine 1ee11cless of the

 

Figure 9.- The Jaeger Mixer showing the famious

"Flat Spot" drum.

aoove dicocvontt?

Che oehri s .e-I..i:-:i177 driir “as s. (fistiréct Live 1 s 1319::—
ing au3t101u (Vigsnns lQ). ‘ir‘ the (HA150rtils cut, U ion{1-'the
nsteiisl in the cotton of the Crux. the second, e'tion develols
as the blades cerr3 tie reterisl ngwsrd with the motion of the
drum to s 3oint where they fell bschwsrd eraiz1st tge motion of
tie IOllOTinf blades. A third action tshes w‘ece vhen tiese

blades clean the*

across the length

here the "ion 11;"
it to the to; at w
tne inverted disc}

tndxn1 is the lovr‘t

then deflects the
over throw blades
Lhis remixinP

crete becezse tle

from sepgrerstinf.
tilt drnm mixer.
The Lu

ing action as the

ALL)

-srfle chute with a violent break-ul

tifoote double

hoehrinr

..

selves of ill neterisls, showerinr it (own
of the wiring cherrxber to the disc? ark-"e side.

brchets wick r‘ the neterisl and carries
_ich jOiDt, it is thrown Corn311d against

effect

11sction. She reversed dischcrre c rte
Insteidlils iris; sgrogi1t¢ 111% er Lead; to ‘tne

which conn.le'tes the 03010.

action gives a very uniform latch of con-
rsteriels are revs nteC- by t} e buckets

It las tlis edve nte ce over the Jeeser

Cone drum has about tie seme mix-

1.

exceyt ohat the materials are car-

ried a little nearer the center or the Crum due to the share
and length of the buckets. (Fig ure ll). This detail Lal-
ences the load giving a more even runniny drum. Liis drum
has about the same rood adv ntar es the hoehring machine.
the Knickerbocker rechine has almost the some design of

drum as the last

the 10-3 Lnick eibocl :er 2 bar mac} ine was 51

J -
111.0

mentioned. (:i;1re 18.) On one froject

ivinf a workeb le

 

Koehring five action re-mixing principle, producing
ominant Strength Concrete.

 

Figure lO.- The Koehring drum showing

the five phase mixing action.

Vote the two

cone construction.

 

 

Figure ll.- The Multifoote drum

showing the five phase mixing action.

e o 1 .. o o ,- h! ‘ ‘ -: P _.'_'. ‘ ‘4 f‘
MlX us1ng a 1-4; mix in St seconds alter all t1e Ta.e111]
were in tle drnr.‘ A large amount of water lad to be used to
obtain tlis mix in so short a tire tnonfl.

5

Ene Os 1.1on lecline las tie same tyge drum as fine iceb-

ring. Lie five motion action is leve101ed. (Fiftre 13.?
tile lasn 1-113 e als “rave the same sared drum and brla des
as tie above fiYth tie sane mixing action. (Figure 14.)

The lex Ieoyle enlloy a slirltly different airinc action.
Elle blades are about 1e some sleaze, but instead of ii ve
clere are ten large dee; buckets which sjovel the material
in a distinct action or .Leir own. ire disclarrc clnte is
not eogloyed in tLis action. (Figure 15.)

the most of the different comjanys engloy a modified
form of tne fire rlase mixing action which seems to give the
bes* results because it gives good concrete with the least
amount of seggregstion.

.‘

Brum Construction an: vs.

15-

-
I
J—

1“

 

o xty gercent of the drums are driven ei her by a sinsle

.'
l

or double ring and Iinion gear. Tie rerainder are all e

:——-l

[)0

in

liiven. file double {ear Les this atmv ntag e in t1at it

1.-.!

(‘-

C)

e

.1

ens tle twisting strain in tle drum when ib is unevenly load-
ai. Otierwise t1e t”o acove tyj s are givinr very good ser-
vice.

Test all the drums are LEGS my of cast semi steel or
jfressed steel. Che Loelring Conrany are a little different
iii constrtcting their drums. Cheirs being built my of three
jfiieces consisting oi‘two drum Leads made of syecial comros-

ixtion metal wldcb gas Lipb resistance to abraS11n and a nign

(narbon.steel shell in tle center (Figure 15.) 1118 design

~36-

 

Ik Knimkst Drum

 

Figure 18.— The Knickerbocker drum.

-37-

 

 

OSHKOSH DRUM SHOWING THE SPECIAL FIVE MOTION MIXING
ACTION USED IN ALL OSHKOSH MIXERS

 

 

——’— ,i,—_ 7,

Figure l3.- The Oshkosh drum ehohing the

mixing action,

 

      
    

Figure l4.- The Ran-
some drum showing the

shape of blades.

Figure 16.- The
Koehring Drum show
ing the two drum

hears andfehdll.

......

-93-

 
 
     
    

Cutaway o] the Rex 27-5

Drum showing the 10 deep

buckets and the 5 big
blades.

 

Illustrating the thorough Rex
mixing action.

 

 

Figure 15.- The Rex drum showing the ten large

buckets and the mixing action they produce.

-30..

rates a strongly constrvcted drm 1, and one do}: still stand
a lot of wear.

lie Lultifoote conjsny build a drum rade of iwo cones
held together at the center by a steel iand. (Figure 11.}
This design is much better than the others in that tiers are
no corne~s inside tie drum for tle concrete to lodge and

harden. this gives a natural scorrin; and cleaning action

which has Iaany advantages.

-31...

Lil II

 

[he shif on most all machines 18 built as a metal box
fastened to a frame which is so constructed that it can be el-
evated to an angle of fift ;: or roore degress for unloading.
One or nore cables are att cLed to it; and tien run over
3ulleys to furnish the 3ower for elevatior. About the only
dii fer ence in desivn of any of these ski3s is the ntIlcr and
attaclment of “less cables,_and the methods ew3loged in stak-
ing the iaterial out of the shi3.

the usual method in ti-e 3as t to rezove tlis cling i.ng
Iraterial 15s been to 3ound on the elevated ski} thereby jar-
ring tie materials loose. Che Jaeger reoIle is the only

‘

com3any who have nade some attemjt t injrove tiis crude net-

hod. . he eve develoIed and 3atented an Automatic Sinker
which after the sh is raised autonati0111y sets into 03er-

ation a vibrator that shakes the suits, causiné a continuous

..

flow of all the material. iii: are lb.) This is a wonder-
fu l irjroveuent over the old method of beatinp the wii

Lie hultifoote have clanged the hoisting desihn by us-
ing only one cable instead of two to elevate tie Skil. This
cable is attached to a byil that absorbs botht Hen ion and
00m3ression strains ulic113revent the ski3 and frame from
being effected by uneven loading. 1 do not believe the ad-
venta e oained reiits tle extra desicn since the double

cable is giving very satisfactory results.

-3 3..

 

Figure l8.— Showing the Jaeger

Automat 10 Skip Shaker .

opans VALVE [owCHAReE OPENINQ
AUTOMATICALLY
HEN TANK PEIURNS

wan/173410 Poms 3. ‘ .'
57M! IP005UPR00f V "

.‘
41.1-“,

‘ RUBBER VALVE
CLOSES
AUTOMATICALLY

, Wingid-x‘uba-L-raxa

I
‘POOI

 

.433-

'41 ' "‘7.“ (‘mrr'rn'r
V. '. .yl';.._-s\...a.

 

ihe most imyortant element in 1321, '29, '30,concrete

will be under: In 3ast years very little attention was raid

A
‘

to the amount of Pater that went into the concrete just

{‘0

.‘1'

long as it could be handled. iiter long gears 01 research
and study the Water-Cement :atio Strength theory has been
Iroven a law. It states as foll as: For given materials and
conditions oifmaniyulation, the strength of concrete is de-
ternined solely by the ratio of the volume of mixing water
to the volume of cement so long as the mixture is 3lastic
and workable.

Tiisslaw has conyletely changed tLe design of a mix or
the mixing of concrete. To meet the needs of this chmige
the nanufacturers must redesign their water control systems
so tiat the water getting into the batch can be very accur-
ately measured. Lany of the c m3anies are ra3idly im3roving
their vater tanks so that their mixers can live u3 the re-
quirements S3ecifications demand.

She Jaeger reoyle have a 3atented tarh of very sim3le
design and which gives an ac urate amount of water each
time. the tank fills ur automatically when tilted u3 until
a c033er float on the inside (Figure lt.) shuts off the in-
take valve. When ready the tank is t;en tilted by a lever

at a certain degree governed by a stoy set on a measur'ng

r-

(.1

n SeCC‘L

9)

gauge, and the water runs out. EJis method {ives
ate amount each time if the tank is always level, but d1en

1

it is not level tie annunt changes. This is the only fault

-34-

The hoehring Cymjany love develored a satisf ctoi v syylon
system. (Figure EC.) Ste tater enters the tank throurh a
'three way valve. is the charging shir comes u] it automatic-
znlly Olen *he be lanced three may' elve s;a1tin3 the iisch-
arge of '~.'.'ater. In this method the water alt'rays enters the
drum before the other naterials, ulich is a very good febttre.
The regulating Iij’e or syjihon }i're draws all the water out of

the tanh down t the level of the mouth 03 the vine. Qhe

C)

height of this file can be set and then loch in yosition so
that the amount cannot be changed by the 01‘ erator. Chis is
another imyoroant detail. Lhis sgstem seems to be one of the
best of the syrhon tyre.

Lhe hultifoote Conjany use the three way valve and sy-
Ihon tyje tank but hardly any imyrovenen's have been jtt on
id eiI' tain;s.

the hnicherbocher leogle build a water tank similar to
the hoehring, t1;e only ciffei ence bein3 the control of the sv-
yhon action. the amount of water entering is 3overned by a
flexible tube 3 Figure El.) which stors the action by let-
ting air enter the stand giye when the water in the tank
reaches the level of the tube. the height of this tube is

governed by a control lever B. ihis

(Q

:stem will Celiver water
to the drum with a variation of not more than a half jint
glue or minus the desired amount.

the Oshkosh water control system has the three way valve
but does not emyloy the syyhon draw out feature. Instead

q

they have a stand jive inside the tank which can be raised

 

 

The Koehring hooded intake pipe does away with slow flow and dribbling. The siphoning effect of this
evice keeps the full diameter of the pipe buried in the water. See description on ncx! pag.

 

Figure 30.- The Koehring Water Tank.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Figure 31.- The Knickerbocker type
of Water Tank, showing

the flexible tube,

-35-
or lowei ed tLet controls tLe amount of water enterin: tLe

(‘1 \,

drum. (Fifivre 20., Elis sttem is a little slow brt eccvrate.

1'1, ww. , ., 1,. 0 a ' 1' -‘ . ,1 - '1- .1. _. ",1 , w.
LLe Lensone tsnn 1s sipile1 to file nicL 01u3cne1 teuL en-

int-Che guile oi“ t1-e 83731.0I1 is raise; or

C)

ceg‘t tile 1163157111; of 1.11

r w

101 eveu i1 stead of a sqLon release tube. :so i: sieua of tie

U

tLree wav valve, two sefl! rate valves are em}lo;ed. lore tine

(J

(J-
,.
H
1—3
(14
1
5“
O
F)
(D

is reguired to o erete tLese valves and tLey a1 e no

lLCtOIy tLen the single valve. (Pigtre EC.)

tiic 13 ”_fr

1—:

ELe Lex Conrsny have develoged a system en
ent iron tLese otLer i3:.s. CLey erjloy e nicrometer reg-

11 star, 1.:C1‘1ic1; once set lelivers ‘.-'.:3‘er 3cc17‘1: 1161:; *0 the 7.01mi
to each Sicceedin5 betch. I do not know tie Iecr31ni sm of tLEs
devise but from all rerorts it Les 3r1vcn very svccessfn .

01 all the above systews described it is Lard to say
nLicL 5ives tLe most eccrrate sujyly of water etc are best
service. ELe Jeeger system is .]e simij er in construction
and control, tLere being few yerts or valves to pet lea L37
or out of eCjn stment, and is very fast. LLe Jae1er and

Inickerbocker aygLon tnree wav valve systems Lave been devel-

U

1

01ed to a Lign degree of efficiency and are 5ivin~ good re-
sults. ELe Lex Ieoyle Lave an accurate and degx ndeble rees-

uring tenlr. L‘Le re risinder of tie corajs‘enies have not done

much in tLe way of imrrovement.

-37-

) 0‘1

."

A...— v ‘ 4

.«Q
I

 

 

 

 

Figure 38.- The Oshkosh water tanll.

-38—

 

RANSOME AUTOMATIC MEASURING WATER TANK

Figure 83.-,The Ransome water tank.

Note the flexible tube.

5000

q. in

Compress/ye 5frengf/7 - /b.,aer )‘

8
§
Q

E

/00 0

     

Q

   

9
T/me of M/xing - mmw‘es

//

Fig. 2
Typical relation between time of mixing and the compressive strength
of concrete.

Figure 84.- Time of mix strength

curves.

-39—

{Ll iI_T !. ‘1'”,"_' ‘
11 C1. _1.

H- “L “1—‘.1-\.

 

[Le Iortland Cement Association state tLat ex eriwents
grove tLat the strength of concrete is increased materially
by longer 3eriods of mirinr. Z,1ical values from tests are
slovrn 133* the {rad-1s. (Figure 24-.) LLe 1'11] id increase in str-
ength i‘or different lei-iods of rrizrinpur to about two riinutes
can be seen on this curve. for instance, concrete of the us-
ual quality mixed for tLat Jeriod is from SC to 55 yer cent,
that is, from 50C to 7C0 founds Ier square incl, stronger
than concrete mixed only 15 seconds.

In the tests from viich these curves were constructed
it was found that tLoroufh mixing also Lakes far more uniform
concrete. Ayecimens made of concrete mixed ior only 15 sec-
onds showed an averaee variation of individual syecimens of
about 5; :er cent from the average strength, while syecinens
wade from concrete mixed for two minutes varied less tLan
ten yer cent. furthermore, tL1r0u5h mixin? 5ives increased
workability, vhich in turn, requires less labor in glacinp,
and tLerefore, Iermits the rse of‘larger ruantities of aff-
regate with a given ahwunt of cem nt and water in iieir fired
ratio.

Small clinges in the greed of tie mixer Lave little ef-

fect on tLe stren th of the concrete. the tests indicate

CD

that it is largely the tire element of mixine and not the
rate of rotation of the mixer that influences the stren5th

and quality. If increased outgtt is needed, it aiould be ob-

tained by a larger or second mixer.

.5

-40..

Investigations show that

thought of uyon the

O
aw;-

lr. '3

(a!

C9

the m much as

yo
can be ob sined.

cubic yards as W can out of

element is entirely over looh

hi
£1.81

the comylete charge t

being used. Observe

average mixing “in

seconds, very ninu

(3
Ca

r‘

a rion te to and 8.1

two ninutes would

mining od.

geri

this slows

contr ctor or

conganies have

which the time of is

{3
v

oannfacturers lav done no

yeriod.

0‘

he Jeege Congany have

}‘.:

which rings

)

run by clock-worh

reriod of time. (Figure 25.

mechanisz into action as Lt

fault of Lhe des ign since all

the drum as Another foo

it does not the discharg

1

does not have the

If the insjjtec or the 03

average con crete
.ible so

Che contractor is

in t1:

tions of 0+

to,

-L'L. -

recaution.chL<iev-l

thigig

reaches

bell

the mixing time is very seldom

to lurry ET

job erceyt

that a larfe number of batches

so anxious to get

tie mi: {er each day

ed. On one job that I observed

e drum just 23 seconds, a l

54

‘

er joos showed

+1 4.
o

J 'L .l. 1
r Una L 1-8

small mixer was between 50 and 45

~.

and for larger rac} ir es from

li to t2.e curves

and economical

"-01 d

-'w*.~ J 3.. ‘ ‘
71.-..11’15 cine. £11.

'I

I CCL

controlled. the renaiu

to Kainta in a con

an lDVGIHfiAHl on their

a gong 0' the end of

The loading ski}

the toy. one

1

the ma s rave not entered

‘ j J o ‘ __0 ‘ 0 fl
1 detai tie derise 1s tmr t

K“.

e 013 te therefore, tic orerator

before discharginp ;}

J
K.

ei€LU3r tr) he {tong} florjli

 

 

This illustration of the Koehr-
ing batch meter shows the
method by which the discharge
chute is automatically locked as
soon as the charge enters the
drum. '

not be moved until the re ted
mixing time has elaps when
it automaticallya releases the dis-
charge lever the
fact with a bell.a x1’l‘he meter also
registers each batch that enters
the drum.

 

 

Figure 86.— The Koehring Batchmeter.

-43-
method is far better Clan none at all. '

1

The Keehring jeoyle Lave devcle ed a siwiier taicl timer

es the Jaeger Cor;eny end Lave ingroved mien it to file extent

shat it loci-2s .Le drum (Luring-j tie given Waring ii: e. tie

‘1 fl “\(‘1 __-. ‘ 1“ ' '\ - . "s ~ r‘\‘~1."~ ~ * '.. (1 ' “(‘4' . “~, I
charge enters une alum the hleLulre anie is ebtcne-icully.

locked and.:'nijiis so Until.ifle sxrb pi*e Les ela-

£ ._l
C?
CD
91

.
p.
(D
H
h.)

.1
i

the lock is released and at -Le ears 3 {any sonndinr. (31:-
ure 26.) In isi'is s:;;'si-€m use 0; erewr rust ‘.’:_-ii rn
is ready beiore he can discharge it.

A

file lultiroote betchoneter is a gear driven devise by

c‘,‘

1 J 0
‘ A
»

1-9 1 T5.

of

CD

wnicl the revolutions of the drum controlling

tie Izaiz-t. like the lLoeIriringf it loclzs the disclafim (31;.11te (11"1‘11’10

( h

1

.,° - , ..- 4‘s l
lhgs 5 {Gus LLQL

the jredeterrnined mixing:- z'eriod and then

. ‘ fi' ‘ " ‘I‘ J. ‘5 J ‘v S‘ ‘ 'n C" ‘ 1 . 1 ‘I ‘ 4 fl 1 . C“ “‘I s
Sigrmflgs'u;e OlelasOi {sift Lie bcimnlzis lecdgr 1) 0e mischeigeu
s ‘__. g . ' ‘ J ' n .— .. .- 1 V 3', 1 \
(31314.49 27.) Luis 5.13.9973 13 fields {3Q EJOd 1360-:th $1-8 cinm
nay be run faster or slower inere cg c enging tie Rlenf

tine wnich is iLe ingortent factor.

[he Knickerbocker machine is eqniyyed with a batch-

4 r‘fi. '

Inster very near liLe she Hoehring. _ris iw‘

~
‘.

(D
H e
U}
E:
(D
O
(D
0
(5*

that Lee so iar been Cevelogei, becetse no cnoice is lert

\ J 1 e

to tie Ojereter as to tie time 01 rne mix.

 

-43-

Fig. 39—The

batch is ready
for discharging.

 

Figure 37.- The Multifoote Batchomster.

”//-//z,
’///////.

 
    

 

 

V'//////,

/ //
’///// 11/ / l/
—

The above illustration shows how the Koehring discharge chute is
pivoted inside the drum. The hes vyiine drawing shows the position
of chute' in reverse positon when formin part of the mixin fraction.
The dott edline lineshows its position w en elevated to d harge,
forming a continuous chute with the outside stationaryen the
chute. Note how inside section in reverse position returns

material to charging sid e of the drum for repeated trips through the
mixing action and how the discharging position offers a big area
to receive the concrete poured into it by the pick-up etn.

 

Figure 38.- Showing the positions of the
Koshring discharge chute.

 

Che discierge chnte is an infortnnt item in the as; en
't wev save 3 lot of ii‘e i1 tie un-

if jrolezly Cesigned or may delay ile un-

H
C)
p
l-Jo
,5
p’?
C)
I- i;
L
i
‘i
p.
1-
F1
‘3'

J

loading if constructed incorrectly. Also in sore of .ie s-

P - 1'» :4- ‘ ~. . '~ -— . ~~ ~ -- .-.- 4. +1 .—.'.~-'.».,-.r . 4
bone recline.) J- o e.:3,7s en 17101153111: gait in LLG rug-sill; suction

of the drum.

[fie Jsegjer 1€O.J_€ C J not Jere a (1i sclerge cljrtc since

CO

their tilting drrm Gischarges Lirect. Eli *e;lod is .ke
fastest Di them all but iv likely .o oi sc ergo file lerrcr
raceriels fir"t t-ere by iars inf sefgrepetion.

A straight chute iivoted on the inside is rsed by tie

Locking Cozz';j;.::.n:,7 on tireir ms 0} ines. (Finn‘s £8.) {unis clitte

in tie reversc 3rsit on aids in the mixin

¢~ ,)
{a
O
f
in;
C)
r—a
5..»
i.
L
(D

drum. It is a Land 0 ereted chute which rakes is slower

She Inltifoote emgloy a rower driven rotary chute. (Fig-
ure 29.) She chute is hnilt of “ one yiece end tierefore,
very stable. the re ery Cecign L88 few adventa{es over
the other urges. .

thremely large straight cintes ere need on file Osl-
;.osh and the Inichezb oci:er neciines. C}.is featrre fishes
the fliscLerse action fast. tie Oshkosh enjlsy a rower Cri-

Ven chute riich also neljs to sleed u; the disclerie o er-

1 I‘

(fr?

ZLe’crio e mmlige 16X cmne fies “sveier” o_ ed dis-

f‘.‘

‘2 .3... ‘...°"‘J - .1... — .43» "3 ,-.. , ";' .-—
OLE-“LITE C ilLi/e U121; U ll’l U‘JO It‘ll“ US. (A. FLTB 11].. ) ..._-lS b- '. 9C.“-

i
ing down chute allows the mixer to es Ilecec reirer tie tower.

L“
.L

-45-
feature iey ue en‘imyartent item on core jobs, but les

"Li s

no advantage other than this.

 

Fig. 29—A quarter tum routes the
trough into non-discharging position.

Figure 89.- The Multifoote power

driven rotary chute.

 

 

C.

     

   

mun
__ egg:

   
 

1&9} _e'

A?

.9

e) 33,3

    
 
       

e-
1.9 V‘3“."}.~’é.

;¢ flffik’

'.

9;"

. 34,-}: 13:. :6: . vow V .,
. eeOfifi'QOOOO" o '
".m.00.“ A(:/

Q
- notez "Vi

e

 

Figure 30.- Above the Oshkosh power driven straight

chute. Below the Knickerbocker straight chute, Note

the extremely large design.

-47-

 

The Rex ochute is pivoted outside the drum—there an
. supports to restrict the drum opening.

Figure 31. - Above the Ransome two piece chute.

Below the Hex pover driven two piece chute.

lli tl;e

the LenClin:

‘19"

 

who build isvers have

icient boom and buckets ior

w~r

tery

glue

Ogorete

'tneirs Ly'jtwuer.

who are Siresging the concrete know first where they wait t'
next batch to yo and can Int it there better tlsn tie over~
ator. C.is is true out an extra Ken is needed to operat t
I .- 33.,“ " . ". J “A .1. ..J. -, H.” 41, .._ ,-,.4 .3 .r p -.:.
000m slit}. Ui-.C,.v~.€‘ 4. ill u-.e ‘.)‘.J-..€L Cgu L-J-e O: erLJ.U‘:)l C.___11 UO 11,,
‘very satin RJIZ‘TV Lirseli}

All gxf theniizse 1343 seli ;r reicirnrlmiclei; i.:l edhj.er

forence between

I 19]." .l

.1

one

.1

the.

Q-C)

id}

H'

.'\ '7
; 8‘s.

7‘

i

.3
x...

4

(

a ' "',
LI! : 9.1“

l -7." C: 1"

~~e
I
J.

’

3 .
..1 . G
t :n t

little oiiference

igrze

t‘
g

.1

..L

-
r. - ’.‘ ~. . _ ~3- -. .ITTr‘ - up.
\ ‘\ ‘I ..l L-V- ‘ .. O
. 4 1 .\Y 3 I V} ,‘. ~ ’ ‘
c, L118 120mm slid UJC-
-i (.- . .wuc «f 4

difierence

the. t t he

F: f

It
.Jbl‘t.

).

'V

1
41

J ‘ II ‘ -. \f‘ "l
-13.": e LDC—Ll]:

and lave devclo of

I
;C‘
__L)

r bucket by hand while

incrcte.

4

LII

FCCIIL

‘ e

1‘!

eonsl.

G

_- J .7
‘==€ 3' o .L

~
_.

._,l

as
L --

(Je

.—

7Le conjcnies

- - : -' 1 C- .-
‘cii-e.i_I‘ Tia ‘lilflCJe

of

a' P " W
' 5gb;-e U

.1 _ ,.‘ .4 ‘ ..._' _-. .1 '1

o - 1.1 .J G T;..LIIQ i (te-
J ‘ 4. 4 'r. ~ —.. -
”1-2L. 1.1-8 Lute; Oi I 8
-\ ' ‘~ ’I ." “ '1 "4

he others cuntiol

around the mixer

eff

11

O—

 

-4 9..

 

 

 

The Koehring self-spreading bucket eliminates a large part of the work of spreading concrete The bucket opens automatically
when suddenly stopped at any point on the boom—although bucket may be slowly stopped without openingt tel: (100

 

Figure 32.- A typical self-spreading bucket.

f, ...... . ._..,..-...-...LV._ - .-..-. .. .7” 3/

- -..kJJL :JJ- .J/J.'-J.' .LLIJ.‘ , .J....;.. .._. .x

 

One of the most ir‘orte‘t as or iw3roi.emeiits race in the
cornstrixrtion.'tf COIK31 e -e inixmnxs, irizscceni;3.rein: jet: econ. m.€
grorging toge

. “ g- "r I R e . I) \r '4 :— ‘i‘ 4 ' "‘ 1"“! . ~." ‘ '"! "1 1,7‘ '— -.‘ .44” i - .
lbol".}'\.lIl-€ them 110m o...€ (LeS‘Ll' I‘LJ'JCL ‘v G 1:92.; Li‘seti e3; -1..Lu 3;"lm,

Emmi other ioreigriimiteris-

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E;_ree 01 the coma iiies Let's. *;.::z,;'-en tis me,

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:1 1". . q. -\'7 'v: ’, -: . .3. ‘ 1 F'- V - V v
.ul s {es« oiv'-imt_neciinr in >11. trio re uu.) ,ie3:; are

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SO 21-33 -1. e £93.31 Tflm 2114-31411

..41. «' . .-L- . .r.~.. n... 4 .,.. 1 J“.-. -1-
\LLon .ie lees..lcmrs'byi ictiorn .iece it. ove Li-inn.iss-

ions "e ooen desirnec end eriec.ec until .od;3 they “"e
in 0.3.3; e"i'icient .
ii.e re ainder CM? file cOLttniies stilJ_iise tie old *iFVe

~ .;_- :, ~ . ”2+ . v .- . --—+ —' . J. z- ,2 : .J- .—- .1 f» ,4. 4 " J.- .- .5
0.1. (:01 .L.‘ 16’... 0.1.6.1 u L1713i1u-L'..E -)"..U .Ll’l .2; 6 \'..L1 J {Cull - LLL'.SLI v-.E. .1 is L41"
_.. : -,: - p .: -‘ .-- r-y _L.' -1-.. - ., .3}. - -,_.r .1. 3---
$7,512. 8 .LU-l‘llLL (fl-J. 011.110. cule 1.; i KG; 0 _. 4 .83; :H ’ e V'ei lite; .l- -L C _ UL]. Li and
' - " '1 ‘ ‘Q . ' '. ‘ . ; " 4 e" "‘ ' 4'." ‘r ,r‘ .“y '. A ‘-' " .21: 7 — A r" l
snow gooi Cesign in .his eae oi necnine:3. (rif.re s4.l

‘ ' - -- .7' m- ' "' fi' ~,- g “- . vw —' J" 4 0.
tall wliL: o --ll.L bx, L seleuyo .1... it...
n mi d J , “Jr 213‘" "c '7'": -._, -~ r1~:' Mir: '~ ,3‘ "' O ‘1” 4. -‘ ’ ' ‘ ‘7‘."‘3 '. : ,1;
g.s_c. -, ..8 J L; o.) cellulitg l C 1:. LIuCil Li... Q... .-_C Ell-1118 c. t, ...i L,

J- .3. .' _ F | _e v -1 e" " _..-»_.‘ I 0 \V .4 _ _ ‘q: - . - . .,, -1 .1 ‘1 ‘7 J _: ?_
lb McSo uCilVeL a ohlllCleflu chowhc cm .9 e; 3- L._._]_ LiHQS,

1 I 1 r ’1 ‘

J “i \ ~1' ‘xJ- V‘ .~ ‘ -~ ' * A"; ‘ ‘5“ ' ' _‘, "“°“" 1 i". v-r~.--'I 1
at: 8. .l.-..-'W C‘Jblu, 3.1L Idlisld Ue Laeicllflabiee .448 (5.13-1119 1.51.4 .«i

~ " -. m ‘- -" . 1‘ " 4 I‘ A, {V 4

co iLlo st tie loses t c u is tie tes;.
" “ 3. 3,- f” .; T .- . ., I... . .: 5‘ ._. t. ‘ ".' "_‘ ° _ r _: -n ', v» 1’ ::
Lust oi .le congenies .se the -e ,oi on ine on their

1

small nachines Which Leve 3riven very Proces31il run mi 9
day in and deyout with little szscntion. 5n The laryer

'4"? r‘1 l- ';~ u-l r~*" 1:'~-.--g #- "A ”‘3“ "I. 1" J ‘:. 'V' ". . ‘I .
bales) some {Deb-LiCLw:-'.LL influx: LJ. lJlJ. Ui L- 1. C; --111061 Gil-”31'. 68 8.18

   
   
  

The 27—E gear case
closed. This View
shows the flexible
coupling and drum
drive shaft. Two
covers, easily remov-
able, make inspec-
tion easy.

 

The 27—E gear case
open, showing the
speed reducing, drum
drive and traction
speed change gears.
All units are easily
accessible; any shaft
may be removed
without disturbing
the alignment of any
gears.

Figure 33.- A typical closed

gear box.

 

 

-53-
ised. CLroxgh constant'"se t;ese 3ower 37:2fs have 1 )st :11

3roven to be gaad.

 

COUNTERSHAFT, CLUTCH, HOIST DRUM
AND DRIVING MECHANISM.

Figure 34.- A typical open counterahaft.

CCllfiR‘l
fie svstem of control oi a mixer governs tie syeed of OT-
ereiion and therefore the outyut of tie machine. She sex 3e0-

...MU

Ile are the only ones who have tried to naLe tie control entire-

ly autoratic. Liey have deve103ed and latented a devise known
as the Lechanical Lan which controls tractically all tie o3er-

ations gone through in running a batch. (Figure 35.) is the

batchneter bell rings, the oyerator throws the lever of tie

Ste disc arse is o3ened. the shij automatic-

'L.

l—l

Lechanical Lan.
ally starts on its uyward journey. Just as it reaches the

tor, the discharge chute is closed and the water turned on.

~

"

ill of this is done by the lec.anical Kan. All the 03erator
has to do then is to lovse; olte slei3, 1‘111’1 tipe luchet out, if

1.

on a javer, and then wait on tne next bell. C

.18 system
makes everytlire absolutely automatic wLich allows a great

over la33ing of 03eratiofis ant saving of time.
Ike other ceryenies Lave grouled their levers so that
the maximum efficiency can be obtained ty Land but nevertle-

less is slow con3ared to the mechanical method described

above. (Figure 56.)

-54-

 

 

 

Figure 35.- Showing the mechantical control.

-55-

   

pical hand

0
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e
y t
+. 8
V.
A S
-
- _ 1
. 0
no r
3 t
n
c 0
MG 0
.1

F

Fig. 37—0n the “working deck” of the MuitiFoote.

. All levers are banked within arm’s reach.

the operator has a clear View of everything there is to

do

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concrete at Lle rest economical C050.

'4} e nearest 8. " rose]. to an ideal rrixer muld be e l",s'.‘:.Ci..-

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aol' DU cmLAsltucteu line ;l_~.

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8‘01]- L 3.4.]. ,5.) 91"..‘J13; UeLA- 3's; .I'J-;..LCJ. Q_:C».L_;.L'l;_( Eff-[11' .. CU. glee-1-17.

" " —~- + -— .-\_:-- '91 T‘.r~~'~ ‘
..-_e 9 18" J I'Il‘u 1-1-8 Giiuiull T‘C .21-’)CL {.-_}-p 56K.-.

.1 H (T "‘ VF fi‘ (‘1 " '1 , fi . “q
-lCL cal Jreel steel and mounted on
. ~' In." . A . (:1 7.. ’ J 1‘ 11 - i ‘\ r; -;-.. -,1(*-C1 v-V( 1-101! - o» -. ‘7‘; M: . A —'. ‘1'" -‘
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1

drum itself world be male of two cone sla ed cast sleel

O
:3
p;
U)
5--

;eid topetler by a steel band. Che blades an; bucnets
inside tl-e drum slould be so eesisned trat‘ ‘..l-e rive 3 . z=..:.:.se

mixing action Vftld be devclo ed in tie mixinf climbs". “ie
south of tLe drum would be made large so t. at an ext"a large,
7ower o=erated, one jiece disclaree clute would be engi"

Double ring 3inion gears drive tLe drum.

ve shit world be of stream line lesign elevated by

,, “ ‘ ‘ ‘ ‘_' 4‘3" en 1 ' . r‘ ‘ , r'-" ‘ ; 0" _ '7 4' a ".
two caoles b.) a lag}- angle lot discmage. .tt-ci-0d -o -l-e

-57-
‘ J

s;1* ior slsking it would be installed one of one Jsefer's

l—v-

. ‘ J . ‘ J o —‘1’ I “1 .A‘ -‘ ‘(.‘
lid bOI't; olC uni; ul-!."¢.'-el u .

{‘7 ,vv. 4‘ -\ “ J -p ‘ ‘. I' V' " _'1 r‘ ‘3 ‘ ‘1" -. "A" " h -‘ f'|" - < .‘~ ‘4. I 1
lie have}. ($011“..in hill- L101 .Lk'. LE3 Uri; Oi -.£-(t {J\_:1 'Jl L'J..10e

{/

",

“ "'9‘ J.‘ "‘- ,- "\ a 1 ‘ ‘. '1 \ ' " ‘ .‘ ‘ J I ~ ” ‘. ~~~ . ~r‘ m ”-5 '2 : -. ,~
VkQI‘Velve .4» c snciran,_is LSGU.LJ1 one noeiecdgjvlicninesq

Loeiring betcloveier would also be engloged beccrse ilis re-
vise is tine coji“olled and locks file Cisclsrfe elite drring

ine rdjjjn' time.

A roller besrinr ecxi fed t“nnsmissi n enclosed in a
gear box vTil all gesrs running in oi
-iirer inle j;r:e1‘ srg; liexi bg"corma Srilfiflilfll i;j e .nf <3orimis-
tlcfli er izie. IWor corrtrol idle Ie}:pelicninxilfeclznqical_lizn
would be used.

I beiiexwa'irsi liifis(XMLSZIRCLiOIliflfulfl be :nqgerior is

4 " .1
I
U

0:: v1.62

nearest to ties) sieciii anions a“e rne Ioehrine, ole It
Dot-e, and ile 2e}: I:‘:i:-:e“s. " lie I-ioel-ring. 1.11.161" in rigs ore?"
a0 not use ile Le‘Lsnical nan for automatic Control. fine it
foote mixer is also Land controlled Lecsrse of file Rex Wet-
ent. Sle Rex jeolle do not instsl a betclmeter on ileir
machines. the remainder of tie congenies fall slort of {his

tyre in two or more Tarts of their designs as shown by the

.L

In the next few years I believe :Lst a much better era'e

of concrete Will be obtained becsrse re conjenies knilding

mixers are realizing fine inefficiency of :Leir rackines end

are siriVing to alwevs invrove tlem.

 

 

 

 
 
 
  
 
 

I}.

  

 

M!C,“-< 3"AN S' ATE UNIVERSITY HER/«R RIE

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