. . I... E1: \7 HIVUGv :hsflVIi((ni I. . -é u. 2 .3... 2.... $2.142..- - 2.- 2 W...» Jr...» . {.3 * x $2....» 2": "3‘5’ 29l- "' {$12. - ‘41 i‘; .. . ..2. . my? hr 2.5.2 .22.:fimmu2, ,2 21, a? 5.x. ., .2. . m 2.22.“... n. .mpfiwnw2222flwfihmua .. .. .. 3,. 1 . n. : twfid}... u 31...} an 3 K21... A. . x 2‘. 1- . a u... . sepxx. v.11 h»! ,. I \ it: t. *? k? a. v *1 .fi‘? ‘ .n, 1 J . .X‘ 1.. . s .1 2. 2.13.. .x .. 2... .2 22.22.222.22»... 2.2.2.2222% . . :4 A . r t 1 a}. ma??? w... «W. 1. afiuummp "flank... 5. "mar. . 21.8%.. 22......”wa a. 1.35%.”... . . 2. .. . .. .2? 342113.315... I 13.251713. .3. .. . ax . H1 .rthfldvnrtv.‘\1..1 2.2a... .11....«{ 3... its. . I: . 2 . . . . .. ix... 5 \. . .p .. {rung-er . 1 k»... r33”. flown... 3.3. . .Nyr,\..1r.nn...1nw.la tad“.....2H..\.wnfifluxfiznt.h.7%.nbs s . 2 . . . x) list-ll. . n. . I LI . a. a .231. .1. ivy“... . 2.... a . . a... 2.1.2.2923. 2.2.2.32“... .21 .4 ...}(....§......§s.2:323- 4.5:! :4va ”WEB... Ti... 2 2.; . :1...“ in; . six”... .22 .. Mun... PF: 5.. s..fi.:..: .uhflflfiifivsuafi. .finmvmukJanuiaunhnhfihnnuu....0...$314... . I . . .t. 2 . . x .. 2.21.2. 2.. a. 1 x. . . . l. . 2 2.. .uuufieah... I ... .2... L... ..... I . 71.4. r; Uflhhx .xiuasxny... 1.. “$2.31.. .V.Xxxwaxx\x.111..1a 112.242.33.13...2.2.1-lir.2...x.....:!....v...z$.21Lufwvnxaas p . 4. 1.12% v?3tt~t$ .3 £ an... . .1114. .31. )2?.$\1.r.2;2... 3...! vxv.1.2..-»..«zxzyxvziqux..1y.i..11h.2.3..4 ?_ L... $.57..!.3. 1'- 5...... 7t, 1%..xifi..tvh.nnuuu2 .... )1 3%.... 3.)“. x 64.3.5.5. 111:3!!! :uaptxfilni. 1&5‘11xflfluhaxli. fii‘xi‘hfl avenzi‘wlxz \lflVHfiHxhiflmuuu . . . :1 .18 . .. . _ . l! 171‘} 2 ( . . . 17-3... 7 11.x?!) ? .2 . 1-3.». I . .. If . . 5.2.2 21.2.... 1. 1. saw. .1. 1 151:1...“ . a 5...}...{1‘2 a... 3.... hbnlaL.rxx2\.51»vu)1uasrarx 53.91. 3.210.. .1lzxaa‘xiar4 . i. Z... L 1 t: . I... 3.1.. } £1. a .x 13H. :1. . 5.23.111... 1331.311)?!» \1\..). \x. uh §..§111)|I\)11..17w1111123 1.. h, .v! .2... I... . . . 31).. 1 .. v» at»; \i-rflfl‘}.\< .1 7.1!. 1 113.5.«121‘11115;}..1‘1‘1132vu‘5...:311131. .|)11~....:(..&.s$1)a\.!:x-211713511‘ V1 xiiiufé. . 1?“ i3... \ 1.... \1I)...... . n. 1 12.2.?! 3.4.2.1155. .15. 112.3{2:\\1§ $1.. .{11\\i~:1111) {.Viisx1i\.. £23:...11!.J!)..115..151I...u1)1.‘77.1>\1 {‘51.u.“!1v1\\7§1‘?11vf)\fi‘\iwifis 1131111271,...ll... “2.7:! . firm. 1:24..st 22.5.6.3 fin... Runwzfiznxfiéuqvfi. 5.22.4.2... .2...hfib§l¢4b¢flb¥4.13...-«1.44.5. 2.2. .uhw2l.3t.§:ufl}. .w§.1223nl.. 13...}...2141». 1.2.32.2... 22.. . .22.... . zfi‘Qei). .ufi.‘fifl~fl.h 1\h5!\7\\11|‘.1)xL {i355h\\13\\.m1v\\\1\.\.. 1 3.5.; )V. 1....) 1v:i§'x¢1.5~§"lnuuuun ifiiyfid£7¥7§x§§11111 ‘1 .t. .. . . \r . . .. i [1311- I) . . \x. Xxif:1 . 27.1\i2ll\x s. .. . 1 (224.2: 3.3.!) 11113\12\.11u K} 3:4... 1.“)le 2 1 2\nc:‘. 19:11. .43 1111.....11 ‘\ . | . . 3! . 152.35 ut.L$x3u\~n-1f It It». 4.3.)1111‘1! . (1......Vxhx1ufi‘1wiv : 151.113....I): x. ....1\\..1!1 Ea? \ . 5,1)... )2..qu 3.4... )3)...‘ 1) 1 3):. 1.7!)! .931 11:72.53}... n. \))1\1..:£. \ fi‘.33.171111:11a1.1§\u l...)1L.33i$)vil , 1v. .1... ..\ 1‘1??:r5§>\;r .m..r\...x!.‘)l w\1..\~.1311\2123.l\3\\ 2.\\ 3.3111311 z. :53..\‘..€1\ J91\\W\ . . . . . 33L. 55.... 1t. $31,953.11}:\1!3..-{.?1....3.31)1‘1k1 11\11..)1.l322 )21\)7\1 214....1.x.14)\\§. 1.... 2...". vi1ixs£))~i. ‘7II . 11.1111. 112.11.} 3534.52! 11.”: $113.72. x3w+$31§i 3J0fi11.\511\s\Li}.nsv..\i}.\..u.\\\. 153...... . .2111: x5)..\2.11.3 :\........1\ .4 34.314. )2}. . . 2. .2. ,. . it. ’31 In? a... I). 3333. 18:. II? 1.1)!“(3'131'317 Ivi‘z; a v . 139:2. it) iv» 1 . )4. I. 3... 2 351;. l .9! 13.1)}!!! {$9 1.1 Irilivl'v‘v. . v {\i fxafiwt‘131‘139thS gilt. 51115;..311) ‘fiiVQVixfizklxuz 1:30;. 11 V ‘hnvi‘ 1 5)I\3\\ $.44: . :13. 1.1... .25: 1.... . ants .1..- ‘36.». . 1.."x31’1 : 3.231...va . . I... . it 13433. 0.1. 11 v... 1‘ «A: :9 _ 40.3: y.‘v 1%1118 {fly xt . .9 v l. .7 1.3 11171)... $3.11121fixtc Ii iitigrgglufg: VJ;V\!>3311.\\32.. \ innitflja xvii: 3.1vv2113i1§...lpv1‘13r~ 111.21.... )3.111x.. 3531.12.71.13: 3.11153... yxifilln“. ‘11.! {E’siéV 7..!‘vw’\ 1 12 x ‘11:... n . .11.“... a. ‘3: 7 .3514“. 1151...)".121W99I11'1i11 .1! .0 .xii..1231)211.1¢|1.11)w. 32.17% 11 i... . q «‘1‘! Y». 13111) V... {w \1 \\\~..O. .. 2!}. vi1’11111v17n$51!v‘ \lwll.\i‘:(\ 1.1.141? H .. .2 2 2.5%.: 2. :filz: a! #22:...3. 22x31}. .2... 91:21:15]... 3.22.31.15.31. 2.9.32... v3...1...i... 31.....1ifiHm5. ,. llhxdy \ I» 1.. 2...... .. .. . .l . v. . \' .nlz... I. 3.- in... .3. fin.-..fi$¥.§§o}§zzisirllfiuévyynaiziilfin. 33.3.. .3112: #4:... 3...}!!! 1.1121§241921¥L . u (I! \1 s1. 2‘ it. u. . I 5151))!4111‘01 . Nails 1...}. ...\ , Haul. §§a%353){§51§\w1fl‘fifl1§\; 774811.20 n . .v. a: .31 i 2.. . 1 35$! I‘I)?!‘:1.i.x.. Q3 3\§n InfillfiunuuflliuuIx$1§u§t¥rfix3lxfil‘21:.‘321 13.\\)\\JW 31‘1‘i111.'|l.111 \\ .1... . 11.31)}. J... '59:, ’az‘wavfitilut l g...!§fi uzbshflfivflflfl. i. .‘x§§a§hw\\sxfl! xgrvullgu“hu. \huiiivgg F. . ‘1. rt .5 . 2 i J . . . , ‘11... 3 \ 2 1 i! a... . I! $3.1)Iuv?t>3 . . 911 1 5x..\ 2“,}..99 «.71 1v 2.55565 . 1 I)" {71.32. .\.;,.l..l.\¢1\x . , NE. I dun“. §;3.1.1|«)1fi\5. gigtslxl . “142‘...” filfitiiflgt .2 1 . 3..“ g" 191 )\3 hh¢~kwhuhhu 11k huh-1, 1361: g1}1o~ .$, 1 1 53.111?! :1 )x’ln‘. . , . .. 1 . A . x 1.1. 34.11.11. tut. 1501.31.15.33!1V2\IS‘\§.N..%).R‘¥$)$$113113‘$ 1313‘”. «Int 2... 2.7... Rant... 1 , lifltra knit-i 111.0“ xlnvnunu. x. 2 H.331. ‘11:: kg )1 $5 )1. 2 1‘ , E.....1..:..uu..§§té. MW 2..vl~.!.. it; 1 T? i‘:i¢’3§} , 12.2 El». . . .2 1.1.3.3....) x r}... 3 \ 1 {1131.21.12 . $1.5. Eufiuhuvufirnttfi. . z 3... 2 2. .. 2...»... 4.03... l. 5572...“... 2.» 3.225171? . . $.25... 1...... In. .. , filing in... i:I\~..-)J.§x.l. s 1 \ . . 3.17111 ~fiz‘lsat4 T4i.hfldfl 71h! 17.4.7311 w... it. .11 \1 ~L. 71 adoduhflfluq .L. 1. tun-H.543! i,‘ 71" §13%i3?; . . . uvt‘whur$~5.‘ .132. $1131. 2. In. . i T. n§\éxxizr1 _| «EQEEJKNWIII v. 1.153111!!! 33:53.1. 1?. \ll‘flmliw... Imam. Lg , )3. 3 u... x... a vdUW§fiy 1..)JaJI‘1HWIUum.) v. rx1.b\ov).l...w..4v v. 1L1V1V‘11.‘ ii llN‘iuNz‘ia‘vl. 113§v2.ig..\11.. Hz! :1. . 1‘ 1%.» I... $12.35!; u. . I. In. , 2:521. .. .13.}. . 3.. 52...! 11!..\~.:,..11V\.I.‘ III|I\ :. . . 1.11. 1.2.}. 11371 312 3.3: 11. 1...! 1111‘! 7:!” 1.913.“! 3.1 '11... . I . . I... Ixrvazhtvflfll...iflhmv\. I l. v x glNB¥zt :3 ak-fvriian H1731 \. v71!!! £31135”; Fifiiahfi.§rkr§uzsl. HiriIvzqz. 5330. .035...- . . . ;\.13V.......$h d%3\§13111‘ «“2397?! 35...: .r, \,.l1it\.tu-V14.H 1.43.111? . ailil1§§hl\h ‘ “Xixlsnxlla . .149: r . .11 .. 115.41%}... ... I. I... . §¥>¥ififilflf2 32.1.3211)...“ . 3h. .11... .5... .x... 2 1.6%: . 1.1.1:! 31:113on . , I... 1 1. .{g .kai. . 1.. I. . .r #472511! . 1.2.. ”in: .. I! u. u r .0: 1;")...- . 2 H . I: I???» é. . {I t . I .24)? Li. . .3: zéwgt 3.731. $514.11 g¥§.:.n‘l . . . 2.3.? .1 Skiiflnugr‘hukiixg $111.3}! . 2 . . . . . . 1.9.3.913: . .2 .2 . 3 . . . . vziyflnufivz} :12. . IIYA.‘ $.n. .9 r Afi§.3i‘u.‘ . 2 . , H L .2 J , .. 7 . . . .v 21”".ph I913 “.339: a ~ ., . 2 2 , :r \3191. 7?! g . v ,{iii}! villa; 01s“. £2! in»)! 712.3...“ Shh... 1!. 7L“ . 5.1.9.... T2...“ .34.... 2. Elixir. . 1.. y . 1...]..12313-i. wH. ~5~§8II§§§J . 1")? $5.97!. I: . I) 2 Lin-£33.35 . g4 . .. $1.15!; gs; if. .1 11.1 in“? i3!: ’91... .Gy gig}. . 1 3. . L. 9.. ill. . .J .. II? x.\ a. “n .K . . . 1...] {LIE-.5 g . . . . 31.13... i1!)~...rtl.\.hu1 3.2 ‘5 it... . . . “V450.- ..l.’ 7.42.... )3... 2c . .{l‘i’itt .. lag‘fiit Kc. . III... Lxxiv. 2 . $.43}... 05...... ’72....3- .).Lu?utlvll.7~.l.til~ , Eatgfi like! u . I 4.... s. (xi-3.5.12!!! t... §t~2vi.¢\..:§ . ‘5‘ 1.3} ‘ . a: ‘1‘... v1)... 1§§§‘ . ‘88.}.17.‘ , Flu? 5H5: .1“ r. . tr. . 31.1.?!112 v 1‘...‘ «t: 3.! IE.) .I\ (:9). . 133,333.. {LIL-£13 t . «’Ixitlxlt; .5239... l .I .257)! b. ‘37. »\ .332. It? . . I .~ 9. ti; $2.). Li . t'lvz(\1|\l\htiu.l (. . 5.9.1.5332... . t 2 25%.522- Z, .15. Ll}..t§lslull.§ot§ h .| 3...! ... . sl..§:s.¥. z. . . fl 51%;)“59 \flvfis 3. 2 . L 651%.? . 3154.! ..t.!?.\ '1' . , . . , 2. . .. 2 2 2. 1%.‘RQKLOL .\ A I.) ’fléiI. 5!?»5' iti‘bhlflk. , ._ . . . . . . 2 ‘tELfii’lhztEV-t s! c f»... . 2 .2. . a} X . ... . .. . .. . . , , . If; A .L. . in. Ezl&.tf 3"!!! ,x...\.(& Lo)... I y C .1)...le (9)!" £15.41. .1. . 11.0.!!! L‘AE K-K . .2... . 2.22.25.22.25 $2.55.... 2. . . - .vlt'quWQ. Jun”- .fifi. . . 5...... xi: . if :3 5.... .l‘lli .l:w|.l\r.t9 mmm . A A: Iii! .. \ft); lfégibfl ILA: . u LL51!!! . .. .. . . . . .. unnnuzlfln. Hi}... xéie.i. (2v. ttril. Big I L'\ t 5“} t . .I\ ~» .51.?!» {filmy 3.“? t‘..‘l(\. s3; t2\\§l?7~ . It Iv A fu?l:~ )3 17?. b any. '11.. {Lg-1 n E iii; . .93. hi ~13 Iii-iivuill‘fi 3.0-? it...» .fll‘iiall -. LL. ... 2 _ - .1: 1225»... 52:11. 22§szghnw2fiz$fitxr 3»! . in . (A1! L 15.; $72.... .. . 3.7.2.2: gtx’llllniltz . II... I y)... . sit}. ~ . .. . .33. .iiixlxiélslitza E4... .2... . 713:!!th 2.11;; 131...!!2 ’rxilhqvuizh. hilt}. M . 72ls....?.t.9~£\lt‘ frail-13.... 2.....7: (FR... .... .72? {2):}. 3‘6]. «2:1; I. ‘ ._ . . Pit . . Pu... ..~L.....J.r.!\.¢.t.111!v:§lzin¢.¥\\.: .ffi:z.~. .y...41§§kti.l.§lt. Ax‘li‘q‘szithg r.»(.l‘g..lfi’fi.\xi’z.|§'..\§_ , ,l\..) 013:5... .kl§!\it’vllvrl $.71). ‘L. “W451!!! 5.3.25.5 lgftnt‘... utt§£‘~kx 73.x - . . ...:Z. 6E.» i 71l...\.~|...~(l.. t“fihfl$i:;t|§ifi.1. Xe \hti‘.b...;2tct¢w\(f flu Elflt£tfili . 3P .1 ‘§ «I‘LL! xi“; ‘Eirvnig Siting... .. . 4 393035.: .gigt)‘.g (It‘t‘illznét 5...: . n. 1.. \ v.5‘lntftislz. is: 25:! 2. a All... «rig .. 7.153.; \ . [Kilriigz‘ttli ‘Efgi:zv It 17:25?! 2.2%..tiatitll rill-iv!!! . .1 £§f€i.i§.t n‘ffi r . .2 . . . . KAI-PTV f‘litlxki.nfln§ a. 2 . .. 1 . . . . . . . . . . .. . . ‘35,. 35.8.3.1} txtalz l 2 ,. u . L . . . . .D. L(..< . Kai :Yx.i.r¥’«g:tivv .- y 2 . 2 . , . 2 . . 2 . . 2 tithing L .5 .2: 5.3.5.2355!» it)... 4 . . . . . 2 , .zk 25.3%.. “ul. .l) . . . .. .. . . . .1 2:}... 3.2.23 719215) 5.1.}. 3.15. '14 .t. 1..) . x .t .2 r. 2 . .. 1 x 2.. z: . . , . .. 2. . .. . . . ....»»...L2., .. . . i. .12... 2.: 1.: .2 . . . . . . 2) , . . m... 9. _ . 2 2 . . ,1 . .“nfi:v:\ (W... .1 W432... .... :2 . .r. . . | ..r L vl u. . liikfblb . vi fltEévLII lIBR/x ”Y Michigan State ‘LUniversity IHES'F llmlIllyluulmulwill This is to certify that the thesis entitled Nature Preserves in Michigan, 1920-1979 presented by Susan R . Crispin has been accepted towards fulfillment of the requirements for ._J_"_-_S-___ degree in M , & zé/Kgémfl/ Major professor / Date March 28, 1980 0-7639 ‘ I ‘- . -, ‘illl‘kgi‘i’e l." W l;fi“\7x.-airr w: 25¢ per day per item RETURNING LIBRARY MATERIALS: Place in book return to remove charge from circulation records NATURE 'PRESERVES IN MICHIGAN, 1920-1979 By Susan Rae Crispin A THESIS Submitted to Michigan State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE Department of Botany and Plant Pathology ABSTRACT NATURE PRESERVES IN MICHIGAN, 1920-1979 By Susan Rae Crispin Nature preserves are herein defined as areas explicitly set aside sol ely for the preservation of natural ecosystems or unique natural features. Numerous organizations and government agencies hold nature preserve properties in Michigan; this inventory attempts to summarize the activities and accomplishments of these various groups and to assess the present adequacy of natural area protection in the state. Each of the 156 preserves is listed with its acreage, location, form and date of protection, ownership, administration, developments, management, genera] character, references and an address for further information. In addition, preserves are indexed according to county, ownership/admini— srration and plant community types_ ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS A great number of persons provided assistance and encouragement throughout this project. In particular, I would like to thank my parents and friends who travelled with me throughout Michigan to visit nature preserves, and Dr. John Beaman, my major professor, who helped develop the project and offered continuous support. As members of my graduate conmittee, Dr. Harold Winters, Dr. Sylvia Taylor and Dr. Stephen Stephenson provided assistance on a variety of problems encountered. And finally, I am especially grateful to my husband, Donald Hielkema, who spent innumerable hours typing and proofing this manuscript. TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES ......................................................... v LIST OF FIGURES ....................................................... vi I. INTRODUCTION ....................................................... 1 II. DEFINITION OF NATURE PRESERVE ..................................... 4 III. PRESERVATION ORGANIZATIONS ....................................... 8 Michigan Natural Areas Council .................................... 8 State of Michigan ................................................. 9 The Nature Conservancy ........................................... 11 U.S. Government .................................................. 12 Michigan Nature Association ...................................... 16 Michigan Audubon Society ......................................... 17 Miscellaneous Organizations ...................................... 18 IV. DESCRIPTIONS OF PRESERVES ........................................ 20 Sources of Information .......................................... 20 Explanation of Descriptions ...................................... 21 Descriptions ..................................................... 25 V. ONGOING AND PROSPECTIVE PROGRAMS --------------------------------- 222 Michigan Natural Heritage Program ............................... 222 Federal Wilderness Additions .................................... 222 Miscellaneous Programs .......................................... 224 VI. CONCLUSION.............................................,........226 APPENDIX A. Alphabetical Listing of Preserves ....................... 229 iii APPENDIX B. Listing of Preserves by County .......................... 234 APPENDIX C. Listing of Preserves by Ownership/Administration ........ 241 APPENDIX D. Distribution of Preserves by Region and County .......... 246 APPENDIX E. Listing of Preserves by Plant Community Types ----------- 250 APPENDIX F. Areas with Ambiguous Status or Partial Protection ....... 253 APPENDIX G. References Consulted but not Cited ...................... 256 REFERENCES CITED ..................................................... 259 LIST OF TABLES Table Page 1. U.S. Forest Service RARE/II Wilderness recomendations ,,,,,,,,, 223 LIST OF FIGURES Figure Page 1. Distribution of nature preserves in the southern lower peninsula of Michigan ......................................... 247 2. Distribution of nature preserves in the northern lower peninsula of Michigan ......................................... 248 3. Distribution of nature preserves in the upper peninsula of Michigan ................................................... 249 vi INTRODUCTION "Nature preserves...are not just for rocks and rills, birds, bees and trees. Primarily, they are for people. As cultural assets, they are at least as meaningful as zoos and botanical gardens, aquaria and planetaria. They differ in that, once destroyed, they cannot be replaced within a rea- sonable span of time, if at all. Everyone, whether aware of it or not, will continue to benefit from them at least indirectly. The mere existence of a system of small outstanding areas set apart from commercial exploitation tells something about t.e sensitivity of our society and its culture. They show that the richest country in the world can afford to recognize that man does not live by economics alone.“ (A. A. Lindsey, et. al., 1969) Within the past decade, the importance of natural area preservation has gained national recognition. It is no longer considered a narrow cause, supported only by a handful of professional nature—lovers, but rather is recognized as a vital need by national politicians, eminent biologists, state administrators and professional and amateur naturalists. It has also emerged from the "anti-progress" image often associated with preservation in general, to constitute a rational, reasonable philoso- phy of natural heritage preservation, which, as Lindsey states, is ulti— mately a preservation for people. The specific values of nature preservation have been enumerated by many authors (Leopold, 1966; Lindsey, et. al., 1969; Ohio and The Nature 1 2 Conservancy, 1977; Gunter, 1978; Reveal and Broome, 1979). Presented below is a synopsis of these values. Rationales for nature preservation have been divided into two categories: ecocentric and anthropocentric. Perhaps the only truly ecocentric argument is that every living species has an inherent natural value and a right to compete for survival without human interference; and that we, as the dominant species, are responsible for protecting others from unnecessary or inadvertent destruction. Rationales which are wholly or partly anthropocentric include the following: Preservation of species in their habitats-- for their genetic value as potential food, drug, fuel and chemical producers; to discover and study natural survival mechanisms, including forms of communication, underwater breathing, water economy, etc.; to discover and study organisms which can monitor environmental pollution. Preservation of ecosystems-- as baseline systems from which to monitor the effects of human manipulation on natural systems; for the study of natural ecosystem dynamics to help us design effi- cient, effective artificial systems; for the study of natural ecosystem dynamics to help us maintain the balance of nature and avoid self-destruction; to discover and study natural biological control mechanisms; for the understanding and appreciation by future generations of natural features and the intricate beauty of natural ecosystems; 3 to preserve for future generations our nation's outstanding natural diversity; to provide a necessary diversity of human environment for ourselves 4 and our children. Clearly, from a relatively small sacrifice on our parts--the setting aside from "development" of exemplary natural features--we stand to gain considerable benefit. Presented herein is an inventory of areas in Michigan which have been set aside in this way, explicitly for the long—term protection of the natural features therein. The intended uses of this inventory are twofold. First, it should provide a basis upon which we can assess the adequacy of our preservation efforts thus far--i.e., which natural features and ecosystems have yet to be protected? Secondly, it should be a working document whereby potential investigators may locate outstanding outdoor laboratories for studies which, in turn, will form a basis for the long- term observation of natural processes in ecosystems free from human alteration. ‘1 II. DEFINITION OF NATURE PRESERVE For the purposes of this study, a "nature preserve" is defined as an area set aside by its owner solely to preserve the natural ecosystem, or unique features thereof, indefinitely in a natural state, for scientific study and/or as a public monument. Areas intended primarily for outdoor education (without special natural area dedication), and those open to manipulative research which manifestly alters the natural ecosystem are excluded from this definition. Two categories of nature preserves are recognized herein: 1) Natural Area Preserve: The natural ecosystem is allowed to maintain itself without human interference. Developments exist only to pro— vide public access and interpretation, and to protect fragile features from visitor damage. 2) Managed Preserve: Management is allowed in order to protect and main- tain an unusual species, group of species, or biotic community that would not othenwise persist under natural conditions. This does not include areas managed primarily to maintain unnaturally large popu- lations of game animals; i.e., natural features must be preserved for their inherent natural value and not for economic or recreational value. The difference between a natural area and a nature preserve must be clearly understood at this point. A natural area has been defined as an area “containing an aquatic or terrestrial ecosystem that has essentially retained, or recovered, its primitive conditions, or is a least disturbed known or available example of a type of natural ecosystem" (Natural Areas 4 5 Association, 1979). This definition functions as a criterion for the selection of areas to be preserved. The present study, however, is con- cerned only with areas which are already afforded protection. It has therefore been unnecessary to determine whether each would qualify under the definition of a natural area; those decisions, right or wrong, have already been made. One of the major requirements, then, for a nature preserve is that its protection be reasonably assured for the indefinite future. For areas included in the present study, this has been accomplished in one of the following ways: 1) Ownership (or long-term lease) by an organization dedicated to nature preservation; 2) deed restriction or similar legally-binding agreement with the owner; or, 3) fonnal dedication through administrative or legislative process. Organizations whose mere ownership confers nature preserve status include The Nature Conservancy, Michigan Audubon Society, Michigan Nature Association and Long Lake Preservation Association. These groups have as a basic (usually primary) philosophy the preservation of nature for scien- tific study and for inherent natural values. Protection of preserve properties owned by these organizations need not be specifically documen- ted, since organizational charters ensure that all efforts will be directed toward nature study and preservation. Deed restrictions must be explicit, and generally include reverter clauses which activate if conditions are not met. Another legal means of ensuring preservation by legal agreement is the dedication of private property according to state law, i.e., the wilderness and Natural Areas 6 Act. In such a case, the management requirements for dedicated areas are legally binding upon the owner. (While no cases of such dedication presently exist, the Act does provide for it as a legitimate means of legal preservation.) The concept of legal obligation is of primary importance here, since Federal and state governments often designate privately-owned natural areas or landmarks for the purpose of simply recognizing natural values and encouraging preservation. These types of areas-~which include National Natural Landmarks, Wild and Scenic Rivers, etc.--are not assured of pre- servation unless they are owned by the government which so designates them, as there is no legal or administrative recourse, should the private owner fail to comply with suggested use restrictions. Legislative or administrative dedication of nature preserves includes the broadest variety of preservation mechanisms. Dedications under state and Federal laws, such as Michigan's Wilderness and Natural Areas Act or the Federal Wilderness Act, comprise the bulk of these preserves. (National Parks, while they include some truly extraordinary examples of natural ecosystems, exist primarily for public recreation, and are developed for such as the Park Service deems necessary.) Additionally, both state and Federal governments designate preserves administratively, as will be detailed in the following chapter. Other administrative units, such as universities, local governments and nature centers, may also resolve to create preserve property. In some cases, although a property may be managed as a preserve, no formal statement of intent has been made by the owner or managing agency. This may reflect a desire to maintain other use Options or merely a satis- faction with the status quo, which may seem to provide sufficient 7 protection. In either case, the importance of ensuring preservation for the indefinite future is clearly not emphasized by the owner, and these areas should not be recognized as preserves. (Many such areas encoun— tered in this study are included in Appendix F.) As with most definitions, the one presented herein is subject to a degree of interpretation, and is therefore not foolproof. For example, nature centers are not considered to be nature preserves (unless specifi- cally designated and managed as such by the owner), since their primary purpose is outdoor education. However, Seven Ponds Nature Center, owned and operated by the Michigan Audubon Society, is not only a nature educa- tion facility, but moreover, an Audubon Sanctuary. I have therefore made the somewhat subjective decision to include it as a nature preserve. In order that no areas which deserve inclusion under another's judgement be wholly neglected, I have included an annotated list of areas with ambiguous status in Appendix F. Also included in that listing are areas with partial or informal protection which need work to assure their long-term preservation. III. PRESERVATION ORGANIZATIONS A number of organizations and government agencies have helped estab- lish Michigan's nature preserves. Although they share many goals, the different methods and accomplishments of each merit individual attention. Michigan Natural Areas Council The Michigan Natural Areas Council stands apart from all other state preservation organizations in that it does not hold any land. Its activi- ties are rather directed toward the discovery and evaluation of natural areas as potential nature preserves. The Council may ultimately recom- mend that a landowner "dedicate" his or her property. The Council originated in 1949 as a committee of the Michigan Botanical Club and became an independent organization in 1951 (Thompson, 1976). It was (and still is) composed of professional scientists, knowledgeable amateurs and avid conservationists. Early work focused on state lands, and dedications resulting from the Council's recommendations included portions of Wilderness State Park, Highland Recreation Area, Tahquamenon Falls State Park and the Porcupine Mountains. Several categories of nature preserves have been designated. Natural Area Preserves are to receive maximum protection, with only simple foot trails for access. The construction of interpretive aids is allowed in Nature Study Areas. Scenic sites are intended to protect features of scenic beauty for public enjoyment. Lastly, any or all of the above may be incorporated into a Nature Reservation, together with buffer zones 8 9 and maintenance facilities. Two additional classes include the Nature Research Area--intended primarily for scientific research and not generally open to the public--and the Managed Tract. The latter was created to allow for environmental manipulations necessary to maintain successional plant communities or unusual wildlife species (Thompson, 1976). Through the Council's efforts, numerous dedications, totalling nearly 100,000 acres, have been made in each category on both public and private lands. Among them are 17,700 acres in the Huron Mountains, 46,246 acres in the Porcupines, 17,184 acres in Tahquamenon Falls State Park, 2029 acres on Bois Blanc Island and 179 acres in Warren Woods, Berrien County. Since the enactment of state nature preserve legislation in 1972 (discussed below), the Council's influence on dedication of state lands has been substantially diminished. Dedication is now a lengthy admini- strative process in which the Conncil has no special input, with much of its former influence relegated to the Wilderness and Natural Areas Advisory Board. Nonetheless, it continues as an independent scientific advisor and frequently recommends state-owned land for preservation, much of which is eventually dedicated. State of Michigan Natural area preservation by Michigan's Department of Natural Resources (DNR) has been strongly influenced by the Michigan Natural Areas Council. In 1950, Percy J. Hoffmaster, then director of the Department of Conser- vation, called for the assistance of a citizen organization to survey state lands and recommend for possible dedication those areas possessing unusual natural features or scenic sites (Thompson, 1976). The subsequently- 10 formed Council responded with reports on some very choice natural areas. As a consequence of this teamwork between the DNR and the Council, approxi- mately 70,000 acres were dedicated by 1955 in four major state parks (Wilderness, Highland, Tahquamenon and Porcupine Mountains). Numerous smaller dedications followed, so that in 1970, a total of 18 state-owned areas had received nature preserve status by resolution of the Conserva- tion Commission. In 1972, the scene of nature preservation in Michigan changed signi- ficantly with the passage of the Wilderness and Natural Areas Act (Act 241, P.A. 1972). The statute provides for the formal, legal dedication of nature preserves by the state. Under the Act, a Wilderness and Natural Areas Advisory Board, composed of seven citizens of varying backgrounds, recommends to the DNR a potential Wilderness or Natural Area. The DNR then reviews the proposal, after which it is submitted to legislative committee for approval. Finally, the Natural Resources Conmission, fol- lowing a public hearing, makes a final ruling to dedicate the proposed area. Proposals for dedication may also be submitted to the Natural Resources Commission by private citizens. The Act provides for the dedi- cation of both state and private lands. Dedication under this statute represents the strongest legal protection available for nature preserves in Michigan. The Act defines three preserve categories. Wilderness Areas must be largely undisturbed tracts of at least 3000 acres; Natural Areas must have a natural character or features of special natural value, but need not be undisturbed. Wild Areas are similar to Wilderness Areas but cover fewer than 3000 acres. The Wilderness and Natural Areas Advisory Board has also designated three subtypes within the category of Natural Area; 11 these are Scenic Sites, Nature Study Areas and Research Natural Areas, adopted from the Michigan Natural Areas Council definitions. Since the passage of the Act, twelve of those areas previously dedi- cated by the Natural Resources Conmission have been formally rededicated, and three additional sites have been newly dedicated. Of the six tracts: not yet rededicated, three are in process and one has been incorporated into Sleeping Bear National Lakeshore. The remaining two (Algonac State Park and Tobico Marsh) require management to maintain important natural features, and although the Act requires that a dedicated area "be main- tained or restored so as to preserve its natural values", this has not yet been construed to allow management aimed at perpetuating successional ecosystems or wildlife habitat. The state is presently initiating a Natural Heritage Program in cooperation with The Nature Conservancy. This will be discussed in more detail later. The Nature Conservancy The Nature Conservancy is a national organization committed to the preservation of natural diversity. Its earliest involvement in nature preservation in Michigan was through the Michigan Natural Areas Counéil, which then served as the official representative of The Nature Conservancy in the state. More recently, the Conservancy has developed an independent program through field representatives assigned to Michigan. One of its primary functions has been to assist other conservation organizations in land acquisition projects. Not all such acquisitions have become nature pre- serves, but approximately ten have been accorded protective status, and 12 one has been recommended for Federal Wilderness designation. The Conser- vancy also maintains its own system of preserves, presently consisting of twelve tracts acquired through purchase and donation. In addition, six prairie sites adjacent to AMTRAK railroad lines are being leased by the Conservancy to protect and maintain the plant communities therein. As previously noted, the Conservancy and the DNR are together initia- ting a Natural Heritage Program which will be discussed later. U.S. Government The nature preservation activities of the Federal government have been described in detail by The Nature Conservancy in Volume I of Ergsgrf yjflg_ggr Natural Heritage (1977). Presented below is a synopsis of the three primary means by which the U.S. government has created nature preserves in Michigan. National Wildlife Refuges National Wildlife Refuges represent the Federal government's earliest involvement in nature preservation in the state, with the establishment of Lake St. Clair National Wildlife Refuge in 1934, followed by the 95,455-acre Seney Refuge in 1935. Later designations included Shiawassee, Huron Islands, Michigan Islands and Wyandotte National Wildlife Refuges. Although intensive management is carried on in the two major refuges-- Seney and Shiawassee-—the overriding goal is the preservation of natural diversity, particularly for birds and mamals. In the 1970 Wildlife Refuge Handbook #4, the priority objectives of the Refuge System are stated as follows: 13 Objective #1: To assure the survival in a natural state of each of this Nation's plant and animal species; Objective #2: To assure the continued availability of habitat capable of supporting migratory bird populations at desired levels; Objective #3: To demonstrate both optimizing and maximizing practices of wildlife and wildlands management, including demonstrations of reconciling wildlife needs with human modifications of traditional habitat; Objective #4: To expand understanding and appreciation of wildlife, wildlands ecology, and man's role in his environment (U.S. Department of Interior, 1970). These goals, though certainly desirable, are also extremely diverse, and pose a challenge to successful management. For this reason, numerous studies have been conducted within the last decade to assess the effective- ness of the National Wildlife Refuge System in meeting its goals and to periodically redefine and augment those goals. The most recent of these studies appeared in April, 1979, and is presently being implemented by the Fish and Wildlife Service. Although management for economic benefit does occur in National Wildlife Refuges, it is allowed only when “demonstrably compatible with Service objectives to preserve, protect and enhance wildlife habitat." Similarly, although wildlife production is a stated goal of many refuges, the Service states that “refuges will not be managed primarily to produce game species, but that sound, scientific wildlife management will produce populations normally able to sustain reasonable consumptive use" (National Wildlife Refuge Study Task Force, 1979). 14 Natural Area Designations Since 1927, Federal land management agencies from the National Park Service to the Air Force have cooperated to develop a system of Research Natural Areas. The two primary goals of the program have been “to pre- serve a representative array of all significant natural ecosystems and their inherent processes as baseline areas; and to obtain through scien- tific education and research, information about natural system components, inherent processes, and comparisons with representative manipulated sys— tems" (Federal Committee on Ecological Reserves, 1977). Informal coordination of these agencies' activities was initiated in 1966 by the Federal Committee on Research Natural Areas. This effort was formalized in 1974 by the National Science Foundation and the Council on Environmental Quality, which formed the Federal Committee on Ecological Reserves. With a membership of seventeen Federal agencies, the Committee has promulgated a charter stating objectives and management policies for Research Natural Areas (Federal Committee on Ecological Reserves, 1977). In Michigan, eight tracts, comprising 5981 acres, have been desig— nated as Federal Research Natural Areas. (McCormick RNA, covering 3675 acres in Marquette County, is the largest Research Natural Area in the eastern United States.) These areas lie in Ottawa National Forest, Seney National Wildlife Refuge and Isle Royale National Park, and are managed to preserve the natural ecosystems without human interference. Environmental manipulation is allowed only to simulate natural processes (e.g., fire). No permanent improvements such as roads and buildings are allowed, and pub- lic use is discouraged (Federal Committee on Ecological Reserves, 1977). In addition to Research Natural Areas, the Fish and Wildlife Service also designates Public Use Natural Areas. Selection criteria are similar 15 to those for research areas, but the former must be able to sustain limited public use without endangering the natural ecosystem (Department of In: terior, 1970). Two such areas have been designated within Seney National Wildlife Refuge. Wilderness Designations In 1964, Congress passed the Federal Wilderness Act to preserve large tracts of land in their natural states for the non—consumptive use and enjoyment of the American people. Since the law's enactment, over 100 tracts in the United States have received Wilderness designations, including four in Michigan. To qualify for such designation, an area must be over 5000 acres (or an island), in Federal ownership, and "retaining its primeval character and influence, without permanent improvements or human habitation" (16 U.S.C. 1131). Once an area has received Wilderness designation (by an Act of Congress), the managing agency is responsible for maintaining 1 it in a wilderness condition. No roads, structures, motorized vehicles or commercial enterprises are allowed, except where absolutely necessary to administer an area. The development of the National Wilderness Preservation System, as mandated by the Wilderness Act, is an ongoing project, with new areas being added yearly. One of the most recent large-scale efforts to evaluate Federal lands for potential Wilderness is the RARE II (Roadless Area Re— view and Evaluation) program. In Michigan, eight areas, totalling 56,495 acres, were recommended for Wilderness designation by the U.S. Forest Service as a result of RARE II. This effort will be discussed in greater detail under "Ongoing and Prospective Programs". 16 In addition to the three primary means of establishing nature preserves on Federal lands (as cited above), special protective designations are occasionally included in management plans to effectively create preserves. Two examples of this exist in Michigan. One, the Botanical Zone in Syl— vania Recreation Area (Ottawa National Forest), was designated for "pre- servation and maintenance of the natural environmental values for the purpose of scientific study, public education and inspiration" (U.S. Department of Agriculture, 1968). Accordingly, manipulation and removal of vegetation is not permitted, and development is limited to foot trails. Another similarly designated Federal area is the Newaygo Prairie Ecologi- cal Study Area, in which a tract of remnant dry prairie had been preserved in Manistee National Forest. The Federal government has also designated seven National Natural Land- marks in Michigan. These are Dukes Research Natural Area, Haven Hill Natural Area, Newton Woods, Strangmoor Bog, Tobico Marsh, Toumey Woodlot and Waterloo Black Spruce Bog. Although it must be remembered that registration as a National Natural Landmark bestows no inherent protection, the nationally- recognized importance of these areas merits notation here. Michigan Nature Association To this date the Michigan Nature Association (MNA) is the only wholly in-state citizen group (i.e., without national affiliation) which owns and maintains a system of nature preserves. The MNA emerged in the early 1950's from a bird-study group in Maconb County. Its initial activities were local and primarily educational in character. In 1958, the organiza- tion redirected its goals toward preserving natural areas in southeastern Michigan, and after unsuccessfully seeking the help of other state l7 conservation groups, the Association embarked on a program to independently acquire and protect natural areas, first in southeastern Michigan and later throughout the entire state. Its primary stated purposes in this endeavor have been "to preserve examples of Michigan's native plants and wildlife" through acquisition and maintenance of preserves, "and to carry on a pro- gram of natural history study and conservation education" (Michigan Nature Association, 1977). The Michigan Nature Association established its first preserve, Red Wing Acres, in 1960 and has since accumulated over 55 preserves (more than any other single organization in Michigan), comprising some 2900 acres. Recent activities have been particularly geared toward preserving (through acquisition) habitats of endangered, threatened and rare plant species in Michigan. Michigan Audubon Society The Michigan Audubon Society was the first citizen organization in the state to own and administer nature preserve property. Bernard W. Baker of Marne, Michigan donated nearly 500 acres to the Society in 1941, to be used primarily as a Sandhill Crane refuge (Thompson, 1973). The Society now holds seven sanctuaries, totalling 2140 acres, acquired largely through donation. An eighth area, Whitefish Point Bird Observatory, is leased by Audubon from the U.S. Coast Guard. All sanctuaries are managed as nature preserves with occasional manipulation for wildlife habitat and varying degrees of development for public access and education. Seven Ponds Nature Center features an educational building and prairie reconstruction, but the remainder of its 243 acres remains undeveloped except for foot trails. 18 Miscellaneous Organizations Various public and private organizations hold nature preserve proper- ty in relatively small quantities. A number of universities, for instance, have designated ecological preserves or nature research areas to be pre- served in their natural states. In fact, the first formally-designated nature preserve in Michigan (now known as the Harvey N. Ott Preserve) was established by Battle Creek College in 1926. County, township and municipal governments represent another category of nature preserve property-holders. Not only are such local units of government often selected to assume ownership and administration of areas acquired by conservation organizations (e.g., The Nature Conservancy), but these agencies also frequently acquire valuable, locally-known areas on behalf of the public. A notable example of this is the Grass River Natural Area, an 830-acre parcel containing unusual riparian habitats, which has been acquired piecemeal by Antrim County to assure its preser- vation. Local citizen groups are also sometimes active in natural area pre— servation. (The very influential Michigan Nature Association began as just such a group.) Several local citizen conservancies of recent origin include the Independence Land Conservancy, Little Traverse Conservancy and the Long Lake Preservation Association. Such organizations can be highly effective within a small area, winning considerable local support for preservation of scientific as well as educational and scenic values. A fine example of this is the Long Lake Preservation Association, which has declared its primary purposes to be ”1) Natural history study and conservation education; and 2) Acquisition, maintenance, and protec- tion of nature sanctuaries, natural areas, plant and animal reserves and 19 other environmentally critical areas situated in and about Long Lake and elsewhere in Long Lake and Green Lake Townships, Grand Traverse County..." (Long Lake Preservation Assoc., undated). Upon these principles, the Association has successfully completed its first project--the acquisition of a thirteen-acre island in Long Lake with very high "development" value. Of the few privately—owned nature preserves in Michigan, the Huron Mountain Club Nature Research Area is by far the largest. It covers 17,700 acres in northern Marquette County, and was formally set aside by the Huron Mountain Club in the early 1960's (although the property has been owned and left largely undisturbed by the Club since the early 1900's). Note: There has been no attempt to include nature preserves owned by public school systems, which, although probably numerous, are scattered throughout the state and usually receive only informal protection. IV. DESCRIPTIONS 0F PRESERVES Sources of Information Of the 156 preserves listed herein, I was able to visit approximately half. Since it was not feasible to visit all, however--or to gather all necessary information in one visit--I have relied heavily on a number of sources judged reliable. Michigan Natural Areas Council reports furnished a wealth of infor- mation about the topography and vegetation of many areas. Department of Natural Resources records were consulted for specifics on state preserves-- e.g., names, dates, acreages and locations. The Michigan Nature Asso- ciation Sanctuary Guide provided diverse, though patchy, information about MNA's preserves. The Nature Conservancy records were also useful for the many preserves which TNC has helped to acquire, and the master plans which exist for most preserves administered by the Conservancy served as excellent references. In addition, numerous miscellaneous publications and previous inven- tory attempts were helpful in many cases. However, since no written sources offered the entire spectrum of information needed for an inven- tory of this scope, it was necessary to contact many individuals on a personal basis through phone calls, letters and visits. (Many personal contacts and miscellaneous publications not cited in the descriptions are listed in Appendix G.) An attempt was made to systematically inventory university-owned nature preserves through distribution of letters and questionnaires to nearly ninety colleges and universities throughout Michigan. However, since only sixteen replies were received, this method did not contribute 20 21 substantially to the overall project. Explanation of Descriptions In the subsequent section, each nature preserve is systematically described. The information included in these descriptions represents basic facts about each preserve and details thought useful to potential visitors and investigators. Each category of information presented is explained below. DESIGNATION: The official name of the preserve, as designated by the owner, is given. Other conmonly used names or previous names are listed in parentheses. (For cross references to closely associated preserves, see Appendix A.) TYPE: Two nature preserve types were designated for this study—-natural area preserves and managed preserves-~and have been defined previously under "Definition of Nature Preserve". Several preserves include both natural and managed portions; in such cases, both designations are listed. ACREAGE: Present size is given to the nearest acre. For areas of less than ten acres, tenths are included, if known. (Acres have been chosen over hectares because acres are still the standard legal unit of land measurment in Michigan.) LOCATION: No effort has been made to give directions to any preserves; proper authorities should be contacted for access permission and direc- tions (see ADDRESS below). Location is given by section, township and county if ten or fewer sections are involved, and by township and county only, for preserves covering more than ten sections. If a preserve is 22 part of a larger designated administrative unit, for instance, a state park or national forest, the name of that unit is given. PROTECTION: This indicates the form of protection given a preserve. Pro- tection must fall into one of the three categories listed earlier under "Definition of Nature Preserve". Actual documents of protection were frequently not obtainable for first-hand inspection; in such cases, the form of protection listed is that reported by the owner or administrator. DATE OF PROTECTION: This indicates the date at which the recognized form of protection was implemented. The day and month are given, if known; a year is cited in all cases, though in a few, it may be noted as approxi- mate. In some instances, enlargement or reduction of the originally- dedicated parcel may have occurred. No attempt has been made to recount such alterations. OWNERSHIP: The owner listed is the party which holds title to the property. ADMINISTRATION: The administrator of a preserve is the party which makes policy decisions and therefore controls its use and management. DEVELOPMENTS: Types of developments listed include foot trails, structures, service roads and other relatively permanent modifications to the environ- ment. In a very few preserves, camping and/or picnic facilities are noted. Although, strictly speaking, these would fall outside the actual preserve boundaries (by definition of a nature preserve), they may be geographical- ly within a preserve and included for administrative purposes. MANAGEMENT: Included under this designation are ongoing environmental alterations with relatively short—term visible effects. All are intended 23 to benefit an important species, group of species or biotic community. Examples of management practices recognized include burning, mowing, cutting and planting for wildlife, and water level control. GENERAL CHARACTER: I have attempted to summarize the physical and biolo- gical features of each preserve. However, because such information is often of limited availability, these summaries differ considerably in specificity. Also, some of the information was necessarily extrapolated from maps (floristic and geomorphic), sketchy descriptions and brief visits, and therefore represents approximation rather than established fact. Each characterization follows roughly the same form. First, a brief summary is given of geomorphology, including dominant landforms and special features. Next, major plant communities are listed, and important species cited for each. Unusual floristic features are also noted, but threatened and endangered species are intentionally omttted. Since wildlife of preserves is often poorly reported and not generally observable in a short visit, it is most difficult to summarize. Where information is available, I have listed a representation of species present, omitting those of very wide distribution (e.g., rabbits, chipmunks, bluejays, etc.). If no information was found, it is so noted. REFERENCES: This is not intended as a complete list of references, to account for all facts presented. References listed are only those which provide a more detailed account of physical and/or biological character. ADDRESS: The party listed here should be contacted for specific locality information, access permission and answers to specific questions. Access permission should always be sought, unless a preserve is clearly open to 24 the general public. In any case, the managing agency should be consulted before scientific studies are initiated. This assures that use restric- tions will be understood and followed, and that the owner is aware of and has access to any findings. DESCRIPTIONS 25 DESIGNATION: Algonac State Park Sites TYPE: natural area preserve/managed preserve ACREAGE: 62 LOCATION: Sects. 27, 34 & 35, T3N, R16E, St. Clair Co. PROTECTION: dedicated under administrative authority of Natural Resources Commission DATE OF PROTECTION: 1970, March 12 OWNERSHIP: State of Michigan ADMINISTRATION: Michigan DNR, Parks Division DEVELOPMENTS: none MANAGEMENT: periodic mowing of prairie sites GENERAL CHARACTER: These tracts lie on a low, sandy glacial lake plain of little relief. Four of the sites support mesic to wet prairie communities which include Andropogon gerardii (big bluestem), Aggrg- pgggfl scoparius (little bluestem), Liatris spp. (blazing—star) and Solidago spp. (goldenrod). The two remaining sites lie atop sandy ridges in the Park's western portion and are forested with guercus spp. (oak), Prunus serotina (black cherry) and Carya ovata (shagbark hickory). Wildlife of the preserve has not been reported. REFERENCES: Michigan Natural Areas Council. 1979. Reconnaissance, site and other reports Vol. 1 1950-1977. Univ. Microfilms Internat. Ann Arbor. ADDRESS: Michigan Dept. of Natural Resources Parks Division Stevens T. Mason Bldg. Lansing, MI 48909 26 DESIGNATION: Allegan State Game Area Special Habitats TYPE: natural area preserve/managed preserve ACREAGE: 608 LOCATION: Sects. 26, 27, 34, 35 & 36, T3N, R15W, Allegan Co. Allegan State Game Area PROTECTION: special designation by Wildlife Division, Michigan DNR DATE OF PROTECTION: 1974 OWNERSHIP: State of Michigan ADMINISTRATION: Michigan DNR, Wildlife Division DEVELOPMENTS: none MANAGEMENT: periodic burning of oak savannah GENERAL CHARACTER: The preserve acreage consists of three separate tracts in the northwest portion of the State Game Area. One tract includes the south edge of Miner's Lake and surrounding marshland, which is dominated by Carex spp. (sedge), Calamagrostis canadensis (bluejoint) and Cladium mariscoides (twig rush). The adjacent forests are composed of Quercus spp. (oak) on the east, Larix laricina (tamarack) bog on the south and Aggr_rubrum (red maple) swamp on the west. A second tract lies in the Kalamazoo River valley and supports a Iflfili occidentalis (white cedar) swamp forest. Isgga canadensis (hem- lock), finus strobus (white pine), Larix_laricina (tamarack), Fraxinus nigra (black ash) and Betula allegheniensis (yellow birch) are also common, with Lindera benzoin (spicebush) abundant in the understory. Oak savannah (often misleadingly called "pine plains”) dominates the third protected tract. Carex pensylvanica (sedge), Koeleria macrantha (junegrass) and Danthonia spp. (oatgrass) dominate an open 27 landscape with scattered individuals of Quercus velutina (black oak). Common forbs include Lupinus perennis (lupine), Claytonia virginica (spring beauty), Lithospermum caroliniense (puccoon), Coreopsis lanceolata (coreopsis), Asclepias tuberosa (butterfly weed) and Liatris cylindracea (blazing star). In addition to the wildlife species typical of these habitats, one finds wild turkey in the savannah (re-established), Canada warbler in the cedar swamp and spotted turtle in the marsh. REFERENCES: Michigan Natural Areas Council. 1979. Reconnaissance, site and other reports Vol. 1 1950-1977. Univ. Microfilms Internat. Ann Arbor. ADDRESS: Michigan Dept. of Natural Resources Wildlife Division Stevens T. Mason Bldg. Lansing, MI 48909 28 DESIGNATION: Alta Warren Parsons Memorial Nature Sanctuary TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 80 LOCATION: Sect. 2, T17N, R5W, Clare Co. PROTECTION: ownership by Michigan Nature Association DATE OF PROTECTION: 1976, December 17 OWNERSHIP: Michigan Nature Association ADMINISTRATION: Michigan Nature Association DEVELOPMENTS: foot trail MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: The Sanctuary includes frontage on Ferguson Lake, from which the land rises to the north. Springs in the lowland feed a stream which flows to the lake. The upland is wooded with Populus grandidentata (bigtooth aspen), guercus spp. (oak), Prunus serotina (black cherry) and Pinus strobus (white pine). The lowland supports a cedar swamp, and immediately bordering the northeast side of the lake is a floating bog mat of Carex spp. (sedge), Vaccinium macrocarpon (cranberry), Menyanthes £31: foliata (bog buckbean) and Andromeda glaucophylla (bog rosemary). Wildlife of the preserve has not been reported. REFERENCES: Michigan Nature Association. 1977. Sanctuary guide. Mich. Nat. Assoc. Mount Clemens. ADDRESS: Michigan Nature Association 124 Miller Mount Clemens, MI 48043 29 DESIGNATION: Alton D. McGaw Memorial Plant Preserve TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 4.2 LOCATION: Sect. 13, T7N, R15E, St. Clair Co. PROTECTION: ownership by Michigan Nature Association DATE OF PROTECTION: 1976, December 27 OWNERSHIP: Michigan Nature Association ADMINISTRATION: Michigan Nature Association DEVELOPMENTS: foot trail MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: This small preserve lies largely in a marshy ravine fed by springs in the adjacent slopes. Isuga canadensis (hemlock) dominates the hillside, while the wettest area supports Ealtha palgs; trj§_(marsh marigold). Wildlife of the preserve has not been reported. REFERENCES: Daubendiek, B.A. Michigan Nature Association (personal communication), ADDRESS: Michigan Nature Association 124 Miller Mount Clemens, MI 48043 3O DESIGNATION: Ann Arbor Wet Prairie TYPE: managed preserve ACREAGE: 5 LOCATION: Sect. 27, T25, R6E, Washtenaw Co. City of Ann Arbor PROTECTION: resolution by Ann Arbor Parks and Recreation Conmission. DATE OF PROTECTION: 1969 OWNERSHIP: City of Ann Arbor ADMINISTRATION: Ann Arbor Department of Parks DEVELOPMENTS: foot trail along railroad MANAGEMENT: periodic burning GENERAL CHARACTER: The property lies on the floodplain of the Huron River and is bisected by a small tributary. The Penn-Central Railroad grade forms its western boundary, of which the easternmost 17 feet are leased as part of the preserve. A wet prairie comnunity which occupies the low-lying floodplain consists of over 150 vascular plant species, including Silphium terebinthinaceum (prairie dock), Ratibida pinnata (yellow coneflower), Vernonia missurica (ironweed), Saxifraga pensylvanica (swamp saxifrage) and Spartina pectinata (cordgrass). The upland railroad terrace sup— ports a more typically mesic prairie flora in which Andropogon gerardii (big bluestem) and Sorghastrum nutans (Indian grass) dominate. Allium cernuum (nodding onion), Aureolaria flava (smooth foxglove), Liatris asper (blazing star) and Coreopsis tripteris (tall coreopsis) are among the other comnon species. Wildlife of the preserve has not been reported. 31 REFERENCES: Michigan Natural Areas Council. 1979. Reconnaissance, site and other reports Vol. 1 1950—1977. Univ. Microfilms Internat. Ann Arbor. Thompson, Paul W. 1970. A wet prairie community in Ann Arbor, Michigan. Mich. Acad. 2: 87-94. ADDRESS: Ann Arbor Dept. of Parks P.0. Box 8647 100 N. 5th. Ave. Ann Arbor, MI 48107 32 DESIGNATION: Anna Wilcox Memorial Nature Sanctuary TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 45 LOCATION: Sect. 2, T3N, R12E, Macomb Co. PROTECTION: ownership by Michigan Nature Association DATE OF PROTECTION: 1975 OWNERSHIP: Michigan Nature Association ADMINISTRATION: Michigan Nature Association DEVELOPMENTS: foot trail system MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: The Sanctuary is included in a clayey glacial lake plain of low relief. A stream crosses the southwestern corner of the property. The preserve's southern 27 acres support a mixed hardwood forest. Liriodendron tulipifera (tuliptree) is an important component of this community, as are guercus bicolor (swamp white oak), Eagus grandifolia (beech), Ager_rgbrgm_(red maple), Tilia_americana (basswood) and Fraxinus americana (white ash). The northern 18 acres consist primarily of old-field associations. A marshy area supports such species as Thelypteris palustris (marsh fern), Lobelia kalmii (Kalm's lobelia) and Gentiana sp. (gentian). Wildlife of the area has not been reported. REFERENCES: Michigan Nature Association. 1977. Sanctuary guide. Mich. Nat. Assoc. Mount Clemens. ADDRESS: Michigan Nature Association 1 Miller Mount Clemens, MI 48043 33 DESIGNATION: Bakertown Fen TYPE: managed preserve ACREAGE: 6.1 LOCATION: Sect. 34, T78, R18W, Berrien Co. PROTECTION: lease to The Nature Conservancy DATE OF PROTECTION: 1978, December OWNERSHIP: AMTRAK ADMINISTRATION: The Nature Conservancy DEVELOPMENTS: none MANAGEMENT: periodic burning and brush removal GENERAL CHARACTER: Bakertown Fen occpuies a railroad right-of—way and includes considerable diversity, with communities ranging from mesic and wet prairie to fen. Dominants in the former are Andropogon gerardii (big bluestem), Sorghastrum nutans (Indian grass) and Carex stricta (sedge). Other common forbs include Phlox pilosa (downy phlox), Zigadenus glaucus (white camas) and Silphium terebinthinaceum (prairie dock). Wildlife of the preserve has not been reported. REFERENCES: Kohring, M.A. The Nature Conservancy, Michigan Field Office (personal communication). ADDRESS: The Nature Conservancy 531 N. Clippert Lansing, MI 48912 34 DESIGNATION: Barry State Game Area Special Habitat TYPE: managed preserve ACREAGE: 45 LOCATION: Sects. 10 & 15, T3N, RIOW, Barry Co. PROTECTION: special designation by Wildlife Division, Michigan DNR DATE OF PROTECTION: ca. 1974 OWNERSHIP: State of Michigan ADMINISTRATION: Michigan DNR, Wildlife Division DEVELOPMENTS: none MANAGEMENT: periodic burning GENERAL CHARACTER: A shallow “bowl" of sandy glacial outwash dominates the topography of this preserve. Two streams flow through the tract. Old-field and sand barren communities border the bowl, whose margin supports mesic prairie of Andropogon gerardii (big bluestem), Coreopsis tripteris (coreopsis), Ratibida pinnata (yellow coneflower) and Solidago spp. (goldenrod). In the more central wet prairie-fen, Spartina ec- tjflgtg (prairie cordgrass), Calamagrostis canadensis (bluejoint) and Potentilla fruticosa (shrubby cinquefoil) dominate. Among wildlife species of special interest are Henslow's and grass- hopper sparrows. REFERENCES: Schaddelee, L. Benton Harbor (personal communication). ADDRESS: Michigan Dept. of Natural Resources Wildlife Division Stevens T. Mason Bldg. Lansing, MI 48909 35 DESIGNATION: Beaver Dam Nature Sanctuary TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 40 LOCATION: Sect. 27, T42N, R1W, Mackinac Co. PROTECTION: ownership by Michigan Nature Association DATE OF PROTECTION: 1970, December 28 OWNERSHIP: Michigan Nature Association ADMINISTRATION: Michigan Nature Association DEVELOPMENTS: none MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: Swamp and beaver ponds dominate this preserve, which lies on a glacial till plain. Components of the swamp forest include Populus spp. (aspen), Larix laricina (tamarack) and Abies balsamea (balsam fir). Alflg§_sp. (alder), Spiraea tomentosa (spiraea), Cgrnus stolonifera (red-osier dogwood), ybgj§a_galg_(sweet gale) and Salix spp. (willow) dominate the understory and thickets. This preserve provides habitat for several uncommon bird species, including Wilson's snipe, hooded merganser, red-breasted nuthatch and olive-sided flycatcher. A number of mammals also inhabit the area, among them weasel, mink, otter and, of course, beaver. REFERENCES: Michigan Nature Association. 1977. Sanctuary guide. Mich. Nat. Assoc. Mount Clemens. ADDRESS: Michigan Nature Association 124 Miller Mount Clemens, MI 48043 36 DESIGNATION: Bernard W. Baker Sanctuary TYPE: natural area preserve/managed preserve ACREAGE: 897 LOCATION: Sects. 10, 14, 15 & 16, T13, R6W, Calhoun Co. PROTECTION: ownership by Michigan Audubon Society DATE OF PROTECTION: 1941 OWNERSHIP: Michigan Audubon Society ADMINISTRATION: Michigan Audubon Society DEVELOPMENTS: foot trails, small lodge, 200-acre wildlife flooding MANAGEMENT: maintenance of flooding water level, 20 acres planted for wildlife food, 50 acres mowed to maintain open habitat GENERAL CHARACTER: The Sanctuary is situated on a low-lying till plain, with much of its acreage below the water table. Artificial water level control maintains Big Marsh Lake, a ZOO-acre impoundment averaging around 2 feet in depth. Upland plant communities consist primarily of old fields and oak woodland. Two forest associations occur in the Sanctuary's lowland-- Larix_laricina (tamarack) swamp and hardwood forest. The latter is composed of HlEE§.5P- (elm), 11113 americana (basswood), Fraxinus spp. (ash), Quercus spp. (oak), Age: spp. (maple) and Populus deltoides (cottonwood). The remaining lowland acreage is shared by shrub carr, open marsh and cultivated or mowed fields. Deer, mink, muskrat, fox and raccoon inhabit the preserve. Among the many birds reported from the area are the Sandhill crane, yellow-billed cuckoo and ruffed grouse. REFERENCES: Reed, D. Michigan Audubon Society (personal communication) I J— 38 DESIGNATION: Besser Natural Area TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 134 LOCATION: Sects. 13 & 24, T33N, R8E, Presque Isle Co. Alpena State Forest PROTECTION: under Michigan's Wilderness and Natural Areas Act (originally by resolution of Natural Resources Commission) DATE OF PROTECTION: 1966, January 14 OWNERSHIP: State of Michigan ADMINISTRATION: Department of Natural Resources, Forestry Division DEVELOPMENTS: foot trail, remnants of abandoned logging settlement MANAGEMENT: none . GENERAL CHARACTER: The property's most outstanding geomorphic feature is its 4125 feet of frontage on Lake Huron, composed primarily of lime- stone gravel shore. About 500 feet of sandy shore and low dunes lie near the southern boundary, bordering a lagoon-type pond of nearly 2.5 acres. The dominant vegetation on the tract is a forest of virgin Pings strobus (white pine) and Pigg§_resinosa (red pine) intermixed with Thuja occidentalis (white cedar), Picea sp. (spruce), Abies balsamea (balsam fir), Populus spp. (poplar) and Betula_papyrifera (paper birch). Wildlife of the preserve has not been reported. REFERENCES: none ADDRESS: Michigan Dept. of Natural Resources Forestry Division Stevens T. Mason Bldg. Lansing, MI 48909 39 DESIGNATION: Betsy Lake Research Natural Area TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 14,919 LOCATION: T49N, R8W, Luce Co.; T49N, R7W, Chippewa Co. Tahquamenon Falls State Park PROTECTION: pending under Michigan's Wilderness and Natural Areas Act (originally by resolution of Natural Resources Commission) DATE OF PROTECTION: 1954, August 13 OWNERSHIP: State of Michigan ADMINISTRATION: Michigan DNR, Parks Division DEVELOPMENTS: foot trail system south of Clark and Betsy Lakes MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: The lowland portion of this preserve occupies the former bed of glacial Lake Algonquin, which is veneered with sand and clay. Fossil dunes and sandy beach ridges, oriented east-west, rise above this plain to heights of 10-40 feet. With drainage to the north— east slowed by differential post-glacial uplift and locally blocked by the scattered ridges, a patterned marshland or string bog has deve— loped. The Munising moraine, a complex of knolls and depressions partly covered with eolian sand, arises immediately south of Clark Lake. At certain elevations on the moraine are beach terraces formed by the recession of Lake Algonquin. Vegetation of the open marshland resembles that of typical bog- lakes. On a bed of Sphagnum are commonly found Car§x_spp. (sedge), Rhynchospora spp. (beak-rush), Drosera rotundifolia (sundew), E319: phorum spp. (cotton grass), Sarracenia purpurea (pitcher plant) and —.--a ' .- _._——-.-.i-—.'- 3"» ”I ' 4O Calopogon tuberosus (grass pink), with scattered shrubs of Ledum groen- landicum (labrador tea), Chamaedaphne calyculata (leatherleaf) and Kalmia polifolia (swamp laurel) and stunted individuals of Larix lari- cina (tamarack). Riparian swamp communities of Ulmus sp. (elm), Fraxi- flg§_nigra (black ash), Salix spp. (willow) and Alnus rugosa (alder) occur along streams. The scattered fossil dunes and beach ridges are dominated by Pinus resinosa (red pine) and Betula papyrifera (paper birch). Bordering these ridges lie bog forests of Thuja occidentalis (white cedar), Larix laricina (tamarack) and Picea mariana (black Spruce). The morainal complex to the south is covered on its lower northern- most portion by a Pinus resinosa (red pine)-Betula pagyrifera (paper birch) association on the knolls and bog or bog-forest communities in the intervening depressions. Farther south on the higher portion of the moraine, as the eolian sand veneer thins and drainage improves, the upland forest develops into a Tsuga canadensis (hemlock)-Betula alle— gheniensis (yellow birch)-fggg§ grandifolia (beech)-A§§§_§ggghgggg (sugar maple) association. The lowland forests in this area often consists of Iggga canadensis (hemlock), Iggj§_occidentalis (white cedar) and Ag§§_rggrgm_(red maple) on a bed of Sphagnum spp. Wildlife of the area was not reported in the references consulted. REFERENCES: Bergquist, S.G. 1930. Surface Geology of Luce County, Michigan. Mich. Acad. Sci. Pap. 14:437-452. Bergquist, S.G. 1936. The Pleistocene history of the Tahquamenon and Manistique drainage region of the Northern Peninsula of Michigan. Mich. Geol. Surv. Publ. #40. Braun, E.L. 1950. Deciduous forests of Eastern North America. 41 Hefner Press, N.Y. Leverett, F. 1928.~ Moraines and shorelines of the Lake Superior basin. U.S. Geol. Surv. Prof, Paper #154. ADDRESS: Michigan Dept. of Natural Resources Parks Division Stevens T. Mason Bldg. Lansing, MI 48909 42 DESIGNATION: Big Hand Road Nature Sanctuary TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 5.4 LOCATION: Sect. 27, T5N, RISE, St. Clair Co. PROTECTION: ownership by Michigan Nature Association DATE OF PROTECTION: 1967, March 22 OWNERSHIP: Michigan Nature Association ADMINISTRATION: Michigan Nature Association DEVELOPMENTS: foot trail MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: This preserve lies on the clayey former bed of glacial Lake Maumee, now shallowly dissected by stream action. Covering the upland is an oak—dominated forest of guercus Egbgg (red oak), guercus 3123 (white oak), Eggggg serotina (black cherry) and Eiggg strobus (white pine). In lower, moister spots, Agg£_§ggr ghg:gm_(sugar maple), Egggg grandifolia (beech) and Agggggigggm_(black maple) predominate. Swamp forest occupies the lowest areas, and in- cludes Till; americana (basswood), Fraxinus americana (white ash), Acer rubrum (red maple) and Betula allegheniensis (yellow birch). Wildlife of the area has not been reported. REFERENCES: Michigan Nature Association. 1977. Sanctuary guide. Mich. Nat. Assoc. Mount Clemens. ADDRESS: Michigan Nature Association 124 Miller Mount Clemens, MI 48043 43 DESIGNATION: Big Stone-Cecil Bay Nature Study Preserve TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 1360 LOCATION: Sects. 25-27, 35 & 36, T39N, R5W, Emmet Co. Wilderness State Park PROTECTION: dedicated under administrative authority of Natural Resources Commission DATE OF PROTECTION: 1951, April 19 OWNERSHIP: State of Michigan ADMINISTRATION: Michigan DNR, Parks Division DEVELOPMENTS: foot trails, dirt road, cabin, trailside shelter MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: The tract is topographically diverse, with high fossil dunes bordering glacial lake plain lowlands. Big Stone Creek flows through a portion of the area and is dammed to create a pond on its western extreme. The lowland portion supports swamps of Iflgjg occidentalis (white cedar), Eiggg mariana (black spruce) and Lgriz_laricina (tamarack). Mixed hardwood-conifer forests of varying composition and maturity occupy the dune ridges. These range from Populus spp. (aspen), Piggg spp. (pines) and Bgtglg papyrifera (paper birch) to fggg§_grandifolia (beech), A33: spp. (maple) and ngga canadensis (hemlock). A number of uncommon bird and mammal species were reported in 1950, including magnolia warbler, Wilson's snipe, parula warbler, northern flying squirrel and water shrew. REFERENCES: Michigan Natural Areas Council. 1979. Reconnaissance, site and other 44 reports Vol. 1 195041977. Univ. Microfilms Internat. Ann Arbor. ADDRESS: Michigan Dept. of Natural Resources Parks Division Stevens T. Mason Bldg. Lansing, MI 48909 45 DESIGNATION; Bird Island Nature Sanctuary TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 2 LOCATION: Sect. 22, T29N, R9E, Alpena Co. PROTECTION: ownership by Michigan Nature Association DATE OF PROTECTION: 1976, April 2 OWNERSHIP: Michigan Nature Association ADMINISTRATION: Michigan Nature Association DEVELOPMENTS: none MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: This small limestone cobble island is sparsely vegetated, with Fraxinus pensylvanica (red ash) nearly the only tree species. Ring-billed gulls utilize the island heavily for nesting. Canada geese also frequent the island. REFERENCES: Holzman, R.W. Michigan Nature Association (personal communication), ADDRESS: Mgchigan Nature Association 4 Miller Mount Clemens, MI 48043 46 DESIGNATION: Briggs Memorial Nature Sanctuary TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 40 LOCATION: Sect. 15, T17N, R2E, Gladwin Co. PROTECTION: ownership by Michigan Nature Association DATE OF PROTECTION: 1979, December OWNERSHIP: Michigan Nature Association ADMINISTRATION: Michigan Nature Association DEVELOPMENTS: none MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: Glacial lakebed sediments form the gentle topography of this preserve. A small stream passes through the tract. Much of the preserve is upland and supports a successional forest of Populus grandidentata (large-toothed aspen) and Bgtglg papyrifera (paper birch). In lower areas, Ulmg§_americana (elm) and Fraxinus sp. (ash) become important. Common birds of the preserve include wood thrush, several warblers, veery and ovenbird. REFERENCES: Daubendiek, B.A. Michigan Nature Association (personal communication) ADDRESS: Michigan Nature Association 124 Miller Mount Clemens, MI 48043 47 DESIGNATION: Brockway Mountain Nature Sanctuary TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 78 LOCATION: Sect. 31, T59N, R28W, Keweenaw Co. PROTECTION: ownership by Michigan Nature Association DATE OF PROTECTION: 1979, October 29 OWNERSHIP: Michigan Nature Association ADMINISTRATION: Michigan Nature Association DEVELOPMENTS: none MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: The preserve lies very near the "nose" of Brockway Mountain, on its extreme eastern end. Here, the panoramic Middle Con- glomerate gives way in a steep slope dropping 300 feet to the valley containing US-4l. Stunted Agg: saccharum (sugar maple) and Populus tremuloides (quaking aspen) and numerous shrubs, including Rubus parviflorus (thimbleberry) and Shepherdia canadensis (sheepberry) dominate the up- land and slope, while the valley supports mixed hardwoods and conifer swamp. Wildlife of the preserve has not been reported. REFERENCES: Michigan Nature Association. 1979. Brockway Mountain Nature Sanctuary. Mich. Nat. Assoc. Mount Clemens (leaflet). ADDRESS: Michigan Nature Association 124 Miller Mount Clemens, MI 48043 48 DESIGNATION: Bullock Creek Nature Sanctuary TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 80 LOCATION: Sect. 16, T13N, RIE, Midland Co. PROTECTION: ownership by Michigan Nature Association DATE OF PROTECTION: 1978, October 20 OWNERSHIP: Michigan Nature Association ADMINISTRATION: Michigan Nature Association DEVELOPMENTS: none MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: On this tract of former glacial lake plain, sandy ridges trend east-west through a marshy lowland. These ridges, along with the preserve's western upland portion, support open, patchy woods of guercus rubra (red oak) and Pinus spp. (pine). Flanking these sandy ridges to the east are lowland Fraxinus (ash)—Quercus (oak) and Acer (maple)-Betula (birch) associations and marshes dominated by Vaccinium sp. (blueberry) and Carex spp. (sedge). An old-field com- munity lies near the tract's southeastern corner. Wildlife of the preserve has not been reported. REFERENCES: Daubendiek, B.A. Michigan Nature Association (personal communication). ADDRESS: Michigan Nature Association 124 Miller Mount Clemens, MI 48043 49 DESIGNATION: Calla C. Burr Memorial Plant Preserve TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 5 LOCATION: Sect. 12, T4N, R7E, Oakland Co. PROTECTION: ownership by Michigan Nature Association DATE OF PROTECTION: 1970 OWNERSHIP: Michigan Nature Association ADMINISTRATION: Michigan Nature Association DEVELOPMENTS: none MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: The preserve occupies a low triangle of land, the wetter portion of which supports a marsh of §g§§x_stricta (sedge) and Iygflg angustifolia (cattail). On better-drained soil, wet prairie and fen elements comprise a community dominated by Sorghastrum ggtgg; (Indian grass) and Andropogon gerardii (big bluestem). Wildlife of the preserve has not been reported. REFERENCES: Kohring, M.A. The Nature Conservancy, Michigan Field Office (personal communication) ADDRESS: Michigan Nature Association 124 Miller Mount Clemens, MI 48043 50 DESIGNATION: Cedar River Nature Sanctuary TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 80 LOCATION: Sect. 36, T30N, R7W, Antrim Co. PROTECTION: ownership by Michigan Nature Association DATE OF PROTECTION: 1971, January 6 OWNERSHIP: Michigan Nature Association ADMINISTRATION: Michigan Nature Association DEVELOPMENTS: none MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: The preserve borders on the Cedar River and supports, adjacent to the river, a swamp of Ihgj§_occidentalis (white cedar), ngix laricina (tamarack) and figtglg_allegheniensis (yellow birch). 0n higher ground, farther from the river, this gives way to a mosaic of Eiggg mariana (black spruce), Aggr.gggggm_(red maple) and Bgtglg papyrifera (paper birch). Wildlife of the preserve has not been reported. REFERENCES: Kohring, M.A. The Nature Conservancy, Michigan Field Office (personal communication). ADDRESS: Michigan Nature Association 124 Miller Mount Clemens, MI 48043 51 DESIGNATION: Cranbrook Nature Sanctuary TYPE: natural area preserve/managed preserve ACREAGE: 50 LOCATION: Sect. 15, T2N, R9E, Oakland Co. PROTECTION: resolution by Cranbrook Board of Governors DATE OF PROTECTION: 1969, December 11 OWNERSHIP: Cranbrook Institute of Science ADMINISTRATION: Cranbrook Nature Center DEVELOPMENTS: foot trails and shelter MANAGEMENT: periodic burning of 6-acre prairie reconstruction GENERAL CHARACTER: The preserve lies on a rolling interlobate moraine and includes frontage on Orchard and Upper Straits Lakes. A virgin forest of guercus spp. (oak) and Carya ovata (shagbark hickory) domi-- nates 20 acres, and is thought by many to constitute the finest example of oak-hickory forest in southern Michigan. Individual trees in this stand often exceed 36 inches dbh and are over 200 years in age. Two unwooded communities also occupy the preserve, one, an early- succession old field, and the other a marsh of Iygflg latifolia (cattail), Salix spp. (willow), Cephalanthus occidentalis (buttonbush) and Cornus stolonifera (red-osier dogwood). Wildlife of the preserve has not been reported in detail. REFERENCES: Michigan Natural Areas Council. 1979. Reconnaissance, site and other reports Vol. 1 1950-1977. Univ. Microfilms Internat. Ann Arbor. ADDRESS: Cranbrook Institute of Science 500 Lone Pine Rd. Bloomfield Hills, MI 48013 52 DESIGNATION: Crane Island Natural Area Preserve TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 230 LOCATION: Sects. 15-17 & 20-22, T39N, R6W, Emmet Co. Wilderness State Park PROTECTION: dedicated under administrative authority of Natural Resources Commission DATE OF PROTECTION: 1951, April 19 OWNERSHIP: State of Michigan ADMINISTRATION: Michigan DNR, Parks Division DEVELOPMENTS: none MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: Crane Island (and/or Waugoshance Island) is geomor- phically contiguous with Waugoshance Point and has low, broad gravel shores to the south with narrow dunes and a sandy shore to the north. On the wet gravel shores, Primula mistassinica (bird's-eye prim- rose), Selaginella spp , Castilleja coccinea (Indian paintbrush) and Senecio pauperculus (ragwort) abound. A characteristic sand flora occupies the low dunes and pools. The island's narrow interior sup- ports mixed hardwood-conifer forests in upland areas, and Ihgjg_gggi¢ dentalis (white cedar)jfligg§_glgg£§_(white spruce) associations in the wetpannes. Bear, beaver and water shrew are reported from the Park in general. Birds known to nest on Waugoshance Point—-e.g., Piping plover, American bittern, spotted sandpiper and kingbird-—undoubtedly also inhabit the island. 53 REFERENCES: Michigan Natural Areas Council. 1979. Reconnaissance, site and other reports Vol. 1 1950-1977. Univ. Microfilms Internat. Ann Arbor. ADDRESS: Michigan Dept. of Natural Resources Parks Division Stevens T. Mason Bldg. Lansing, MI 48909 54 DESIGNATION: Dayton Wet Prairie TYPE: managed preserve ACREAGE: 20 LOCATION: Sect. 16, T8S, R18W, Berrien Co. PROTECTION: ownership by The Nature Conservancy DATE OF PROTECTION: 1978, December OWNERSHIP: The Nature Conservancy ADMINISTRATION: The Nature Conservancy DEVELOPMENTS: none MANAGEMENT: periodic burning GENERAL CHARACTER: This low—lying tract, founded upon glacial outwash, consists primarily of shrub carr in which Cornus racemosa (gray dog— wood), Cornus stolonifera (red-osier dogwood), Salix spp. (willow) and Viburnum lentago (nannyberry) predominate. Wet prairie occurs in scat- tered patches throughout the preserve. Common dominants of the prairie communities include Carex spp. (sedge), Andropogon gerardii (big blue- stem) and Typha sp. (cattail). Wildlife of the preserve has not been reported. REFERENCES: Michigan Natural Areas Council. 1979. Dayton Prairie Reconnaissance Report. Ann Arbor (xerox). ADDRESS: The Nature Conservancy Michigan Field Office 531 N. Clippert Lansing, MI 48912 55 DESIGNATION: Donahey Woods TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 22 LOCATION: Sect. 1, T49N, R14W, Alger Co. PROTECTION: deed restriction DATE OF PROTECTION: 1976, March 15 OWNERSHIP: Burnt Township ADMINISTRATION: Burnt Township DEVELOPMENTS: foot trails MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: Fronting on Lake Superior, the property consists of rolling, forested dunes bisected by a small stream. The forest is a mature hemlock-northern hardwoods association dominated by fgggg grandifolia (beech), Agg: saccharum (sugar maple), Bgtgl§_allegheniensis (yellow birch) and Igggg canadensis (hemlock), with a scattering of Bgtglg_papyrifera (paper birch), Pigg§_glgggg (white spruce) and Agigg balsamea (balsam fir). A broad, sandy beach supports only a sparse growth of beach grasses, due to heavy use by campers from the adjacent township park. Wildlife of the preserve has not been reported. REFERENCES: none ADDRESS: Burnt Township Supervisor Grand Marais, MI 49839 56 DESIGNATION: Dukes Research Natural Area (Northern Hardwood Research Natural Area) TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 233 LOCATION: Sect. 23, T46N, R23W, Marquette Co. Hiawatha National Forest PROTECTION: designation as Research Natural Area by U.S. Forest Service DATE OF PROTECTION: 1974 OWNERSHIP: U.S. Government ADMINISTRATION: U.S. Forest Service, Hiawatha National Forest DEVELOPMENTS: none MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: Situated on a glacial till plain, the tract possesses a gently-rolling topography. A small stream flows northward from the center of the property. Vegetation consists largely of northern hardwoods, intermixed, in spots, with T§gg§_canadensis (hemlock) and Piggg strobus (white pine). Several small stands of pure hemlock occur in the preserve's south— western portion. Old-growth swamps of Ihgj§_occidentalis (white cedar) and Piggg sp. (spruce) occupy some 47 acres and constitute a major feature of the preserve's vegetation. Wildlife of the preserve has not been reported. REFERENCES: Federal Committee on Ecological Reserves. 1977. A directory of research natural areas on federal lands of the United States of America. U.S. Govt. Printing Off. Washington, D.C. ADDRESS: North Central Forest Experiment Station 1030 Wright St. Marquette, MI 49855 57 DESIGNATION: Erie Marsh Preserve TYPE: natural area preserve/managed preserve ACREAGE: 2168 LOCATION: T8S, R8E, Monroe Co. PROTECTION: ownership by The Nature Conservancy DATE OF PROTECTION: 1978, December 22 OWNERSHIP: The Nature Conservancy ADMINISTRATION: The Nature Conservancy DEVELOPMENTS: approximately 50% diked; several residences on south- west end MANAGEMENT: planting of waterfowl food plants and water level control only in diked portion GENERAL CHARACTER: This tract lies on the marshy edge of Lake Erie. Artificial dikes are widely scattered through the area and rise above the natural topography which lies at or below the water table most of the time. Sgljx spp. (willow) and Populus sp. (poplar) dominate the dikes; otherwise few trees are to be found. Important marsh species include Iypflg spp. (cattail), Polygonum sagittatum (buchwheat), nggx spp. (sedge) and Scirpus cyperinus (wool grass). Bird life of the preserve is especially diverse. In addition to large numbers of migrating birds, waterfowl and shore birds are plenti- ful and include great blue heron and black-crowned night heron, with occasional bald eagle and snowy egret. The eastern fox snake is also present, in addition to common mammals such as fox, muskrat, deer and raccoon. 58 REFERENCES: The Nature Conservancy, Michigan Field Office. 1979. Erie Marsh Preserve master plan. Lansing (xerox). ADDRESS: The Nature Conservancy 1 N. Clippert Lansing, MI 48912 59 DESIGNATION: Estivant Pines Nature Sanctuary TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 200 LOCATION: Sect. 8, T58N, R28W, Keweenaw Co. PROTECTION: ownership by Michigan Nature Association DATE OF PROTECTION: 1973, August 17 OWNERSHIP: Michigan Nature Association ADMINISTRATION: Michigan Nature Association DEVELOPMENTS: foot trails MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: Located on a formation of Lower Keweenawan volcanics, this tract supports a climax northern hardwood stand which has under- gone very little lumbering. Agg: saccharum (sugar maple) dominates the forest, but its most outstanding feature is a scattering of large Piggg strobus (white pine), reaching up to 150 ft. in height and 200 years of age. Other common tree species include Bgtglg papyrifera (paper birch), 591$; balsamea (balsam fir), Aggr_rgg:gm_(red maple) and Quercus fgggg (red oak). A low, swampy area on the southern portion of the tract supports a growth of Thgjg occidentalis (white cedar), fjggg_mariana (black spruce) and Aggg spicatum (mountain maple). Mammals known from the area include bear and coyote, and pileated woodpecker, barred owl, snowy owl, northern wood warbler and goshawk are among the birds sighted there. REFERENCES: Michigan Nature Association. 1977. Sanctuary guide. Mich. Nat. Assoc. Mount Clemens. ADDRESS: Michigan Nature Association 124 Miller Mount Clemens, MI 48043 6O DESIGNATION: Fernwood Nature Study Area TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 18 LOCATION: Sect. 13, T75, R18W, Berrien Co. PROTECTION: public dedication by Fernwood, Inc. DATE OF PROTECTION: 1968, October 6 OWNERSHIP: Fernwood, Inc. ADMINISTRATION: Fernwood, Inc. DEVELOPMENTS: foot trails MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: Fernwood's preserve property lies along the St. Joseph River, where the latter bisects the Valparaiso Moraine. The Nature Study Area extends from atop the moraine to the flood plain of the river. The entire area is wooded, with the upland forest dominated by guercus spp. (oak) and ngyg_spp. (hickory), with some Sassafras albidum (sassafras). On the rather steep slope bordering the morainal upland, Fagus grandifolia (beech), Acer saccharum (sugar maple) and Prunus serotina (black cherry) appear as important species. The lower, gentler slopes and floodplain are wooded with Ulmus americana (elm), Fraxinus americana (white ash), Liriodendron tulipif§:§_(tuliptree), Tilia americana (basswood), Platanus occidentalis (sycamore) and Salix spp. (willow). Wildlife of the preserve has not been reported in any detail. REFERENCES: Michigan Natural Areas Council. 1979. Reconnaissance, site, and other reports. Vol. 1 1950-1977. Univ. Microfilms Internat. Ann Arbor. ADDRESS: Fernwood, Inc. 1720 Range Line Rd. Niles, MI 49120 61 DESIGNATION: Fish Lake Bog Plant Preserve TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 15 LOCATION: Sect. 16, T35, R6W, Calhoun Co. PROTECTION: ownership by Michigan Nature Association DATE OF PROTECTION: 1967, March 25 OWNERSHIP: Michigan Nature Association ADMINISTRATION: Michigan Nature Association DEVELOPMENTS: none MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: The preserve lies on the south side of Fish Lake where a wooded upland gives way to a floating bog mat. The large open portion of the mat is dominated by Carex spp. (sedge), Chamaedaphne calyculata (leatherleaf) and Vaccinium macrocarpon (cranberry). Bordering the open mat is a zone of Larix laricina (tamarack) and Toxicodendron vernix (poison sumac). Wildlife of the preserve has not been reported. REFERENCES: Michigan Nature Association. 1977. Sanctuary guide. Mich. Nat. Assoc. Mount Clemens. ADDRESS: Michigan Nature Association 124 Miller Mount Clemens, MI 48043 62 DESIGNATION: Five Lakes Muskegon Plant Preserve TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 20 LOCATION: Sect. 12, TION, R15W, Muskegon Co. PROTECTION: ownership by Michigan Nature Association DATE OF PROTECTION: 1977, May 12 OWNERSHIP: Michigan Nature Association ADMINISTRATION: Michigan Nature Association DEVELOPMENTS: none MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: Shallow lakes with widely fluctuating water levels occupy this area of sandy former glacial lake bottom. Backed by guercus spp. (oak) forest, the sandy-mucky shores harbor a number of coastal plain disjunct species which appear as the lake dries during the summer. A few common species include Agalinis purpurea (gerardia), Fimbristylis autumnalis and Carex spp. (sedge). Wildlife of the preserve has not been reported. REFERENCES: Michigan Nature Association. 1977. Sanctuary guide. Mich. Nat. Assoc. Mount Clemens. ADDRESS: Michigan Nature Association 24 Miller Mount Clemens, MI 48043 63 DESIGNATION: Flowerfield Creek Nature Sanctuary TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 20 LOCATION: Sect. 20, T48, R12W, Kalamazoo Co. PROTECTION: ownership by Michigan Nature Association DATE OF PROTECTION: 1978, June 5 OWNERSHIP: Michigan Nature Association ADMINISTRATION: Michigan Nature Association DEVELOPMENTS: none MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: Low, level glacial outwash forms the topography of this preserve. The area is entirely forested, supporting mostly Ulmg; americana (elm) and Ag§§_:gg:gm (red maple) swamp forest, with a central "island" of Egggg grandifolia (beech) and 552: saccharum (sugar maple). Wildlife of the preserve has not been reported. REFERENCES: Kohring, M.A. The Nature Conservancy, Michigan Field Office (personal communication). ADDRESS: Michigan Nature Association 1 Miller Mount Clemens, MI 48043 64 DESIGNATION: Flowering Dogwood Plant Preserve TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 10 LOCATION: Sect. 34, T35, R6W, Calhoun Co. PROTECTION: ownership by Michigan Nature Association DATE OF PROTECTION: 1970, November 13 OWNERSHIP: Michigan Nature Association ADMINISTRATION: Michigan Nature Association DEVELOPMENTS: none MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: A flat, rich lowland here supports a diverse forest of mesic hardwoods. nggg; florida (flowering dogwood) is very common in the understory. REFERENCES: Holzman, R.W. Michigan Nature Association (personal communication). ADDRESS: Michigan Nature Association 124 Miller Mount Clemens, MI 48043 65 DESIGNATION: Grand Beach Prairie TYPE: managed preserve ACREAGE: 3.3 LOCATION: Sects. 17, 18 & 19, TBS, R21W, Berrien Co. PROTECTION: lease to The Nature Conservancy DATE OF PROTECTION: 1978, December OWNERSHIP: AMTRAK ADMINISTRATION: The Nature Conservancy DEVELOPMENTS: none MANAGEMENT: periodic burning and brush removal GENERAL CHARACTER: This narrow strip of remnant prairie lies in a flat, sandy area bordered by Quercus spp. (oak) and 313g; sp. (pine) forests. Andropogon sc0parius (little bluestem) dominates the tract, and is ac- companied by Sorghastrum ggtggg (Indian grass), Lespedeza capitata (bush clover), Panicum depauperatum (starved panic grass) and Asclepias tuberosa (butterflyweed). Wildlife of the preserve has not been reported. REFERENCES: Michigan Natural Areas Council. 1978. AMTRAK prairie remnant reconnaissance report. Ann Arbor (xerox). ADDRESS: The Nature Conservancy Michigan Field Office 531 N. Clippert Lansing, MI 48912 66 DESIGNATION: Grand Island Research Natural Area TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 59 LOCATION: Sect. 15, T48N, R19W, Alger Co. Hiawatha National Forest PROTECTION: designation as Research Natural Area by U.S. Forest Service DATE OF PROTECTION: 1977, January 12 OWNERSHIP: U.S. Government ADMINISTRATION: U.S. Forest Service, Hiawatha National Forest DEVELOPMENTS: none MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: This preserve is located on the north shore of Grand Island where the bedrock, Jacobsville sandstone, is buried by the sandy deposits of glacial Lake Nipissing. The only major bedrock outcrop is a 100-foot cliff bordering Lake Superior in the Tract's eastern portion. A mature northern hardwood association dominates most of the pre- serve. The importance of Egggg grandifolia (beech) is notable, since it occurs here very near the northwestern limit of its range. Other important species include Aggf_saccharum (sugar maple), Ag§§_§gg5gm (red maple), Igggg_canadensis (hemlock) and Bgtgl§_§jl§gheniensis (yel- low birch). Two additional forest types present are a Iggg§_canadensis (hemlock)-Ihgjg occidentalis (white cedar)-A§ig§ balsamea (balsam fir) association along Echo Lake Creek, and a thin-soil community of nor- thern hardwoods, Sgrbgs ggggrg (mountain ash), §g3g1§_papyrifera (paper birch), Acer spicatum (mountain maple) and Pinus spp. (pine) on 67 the sandstone outcropping. Wildlife of the preserve has not been reported in detail. REFERENCES: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service. 1974. Establishment report for Grand Island Research Natural Area within the Hiawatha National Forest. North Central Forest Experiment Station. U.S. Govt. Printing Off. Washington, D.C. ADDRESS: North Central Forest Experiment Station 1030 Wright St. Marquette, MI 49855 68 DESIGNATION: Grand Mere Nature Study Preserve TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 22 LOCATION: Sect. 31, T55, R19W, Berrien Co. PROTECTION: designation by Kalamazoo Nature Center DATE OF PROTECTION: ca. 1969 OWNERSHIP: Kalamazoo Nature Center ADMINISTRATION: Kalamazoo Nature Center DEVELOPMENTS: foot trail MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: The preserve lies on Nipissing dunes which formed atop a barrier beach in the mouth of the Grand Mere Embayment. The dunes are now wooded with a mature forest of guercus velutina (black oak), Egggg grandifolia (beech) and Ag§3_saccharum (sugar maple), with nggg canadensis (hemlock) on north—facing slopes. Birds of the preserve include yellow-billed and black—billed cuckoo, great horned owl and hairy, downy and red-bellied woodpecker. REFERENCES: Tague, G.C. 1947. The post-glacial geology of the Grand Marais Embay- ment in Berrien County, Michigan. Mich. Geol. Surv. Publ. No. 45. Grand Mere Association. 1973. Grand Mere. Kalamazoo Nature Center. Kalamazoo. ADDRESS: Grand Mere Association Box 140 Stevensville, MI 49127 69 DESIGNATION: Grass Island Nature Sanctuary TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 3.3 LOCATION: Sect. 34, T31N, R8E, Alpena Co. PROTECTION: ownership by Michigan Nature Association DATE OF PROTECTION: 1977, June 17 OWNERSHIP: Michigan Nature Association ADMINISTRATION: Michigan Nature Association DEVELOPMENTS: none MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: The preserve consists of limestone rubble (Traverse Group) which supports a forest dominated by Fraxinus pensylvanica (red ash). Gulls utilize the weedy shores for nesting and various other water and shore birds frequent the island. REFERENCES: Holzman, R.W. Michigan Nature Association (personal communication). ADDRESS: Michigan Nature Association 124 Miller Mount Clemens, MI 48043 _i—l—ti ___.____1_. ._ ___ 7 7O DESIGNATION: Grass River Natural Area TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 830 LOCATION: Sect. 1 a 2, T29N, R8W; Sect. 7, T29N, R7W, Antrim Co. PROTECTION: deed restriction DATE OF PROTECTION: 1971, September 2 OWNERSHIP: Antrim County ADMINISTRATION: Antrim County Board of Commissioners DEVELOPMENTS: none MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: As its name implies, the preserve lies along the Grass River, which flows from Lake Bellaire into Clam Lake. The area was inundated post-glacially by Lake Algonquin and is veneered with sand deposited during that period. Vegetating the river bottom are Vallisneria americana (eelgrass), Potomageton spp. (pondweed), Anacharis canadensis (waterweed) and Ceratgphyllum sp. (hornwort). A sphagnum—sedge mat immediately borders the stream, and supports such characteristic "bog" species as Sarracenia purpurea (pitcher plant), Drosera rotundifolia (sundew), Potentilla‘ fruticosa (shrubby cinquefoil) and Decodon verticillata (swamp loose- strife). Backing this open area is a dense Thuja occidentalis (white cedar) swamp. An unusual expanse of sedge meadow occurs at the north end of the area as a peninsula extending into Lake Bellaire. Important species here include Carex aquatilis (sedge), Rhynchospora alba (beak- rush), Scirpus acutus (bulrush), Cladium mariscoides (twigrush) and Menyanthes trifoliata (bog buckbean). 71 The preserve also supports a diverse fauna, including otter, bear, osprey and bald eagle. Waterfowl which utilize the Grass River include whistling and mute swans, and a variety of ducks. REFERENCES: Michigan Natural Areas Council. 1979. Reconnaissance, site and other reports Vol. 1 1950«1977. Univ. Microfilms Internat. Ann Arbor. ADDRESS: Soil Conservation Service 110B Grove St. Bellaire, MI 49615 72 DESIGNATION: Green River Nature Sanctuary TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 40 LOCATION: Sect. 5, T30N, R6W, Antrim Co. PROTECTION: ownership by Michigan Nature Association DATE OF PROTECTION: ca. 1969 OWNERSHIP: Michigan Nature Association ADMINISTRATION: Michigan Nature Association DEVELOPMENTS: foot trail MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: The Green River flows through this preserve for approximately one-quarter mile. The adjacent land is low-lying and supports swamp forests of lhgjg occidentalis (white cedar), Piggg mariana (black spruce) and Igggg_canadensis (hemlock). Wildlife of the preserve has not been reported. REFERENCES: Kohring, M.A. The Nature Conservancy, Michigan Field Office (personal communication) ADDRESS: Michigan Nature Association 124 Miller Mount Clemens, MI 48043 73 DESIGNATION: Gull Island Nature Sanctuary TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 12 LOCATION: Sect. 29, T31N, RIOE, Alpena Co. PROTECTION: ownership by Michigan Nature Association DATE OF PROTECTION: 1969, January 18 OWNERSHIP: Michigan Nature Association ADMINISTRATION: Michigan Nature Association DEVELOPMENTS: none MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: Gull Island is perched upon an outcropping of Alpena Limestone in Lake Huron. Vegetative diversity is limited--Fraxinus pensylvanica (red ash) and Iggjg occidentalis (white cedar) account for most of the trees present. Much of the herbaceous flora consists of weedy species. Of primary interest on this preserve is a herring gull colony of up to 2000 pairs which utilizes the gravelly shores for nesting. In addition, the great blue heron and black—crowned night heron occupy the island's central portion. Canada geese and ducks also utilize the island for nesting. REFERENCES: Michigan Nature Association. 1977. Sanctuary guide. Mich. Nat. Assoc. Mount Clemens. ADDRESS: Michigan Nature Association 124 Miller Mount Clemens, MI 48043 74 DESIGNATION: Harbor Island TYPE: managed preserve ACREAGE: 695 LOCATION: Sects. 1, 2, 11 & 12, T42N, R5E, Chippewa Co. PROTECTION: ownership by The Nature Conservancy DATE OF PROTECTION: 1979, November 9 OWNERSHIP: The Nature Conservancy ADMINISTRATION: The Nature Conservancy DEVELOPMENTS: one residence MANAGEMENT: deer herd control to reduce browsing GENERAL CHARACTER: Located just northeast of Drummond Island, Harbor Island is a horseshoe-shaped outcropping of the calcareous Niagaran cuesta. Marly marshes with occasional sandy beaches comprise the island's shoreline. Backing these shores are Agigg balsamea (balsam fir)-Thgjg occidentalis (white cedar) swamps, inland from which, the land rises about eighty feet to a high central backbone forested with Quercus §g§:g_(red oak) and Agg: saccharum (sugar maple). Bald eagle, osprey and great blue heron have been known to nest on the island. REFERENCES: Kohring, M.A. The Nature Conservancy, Michigan Field Office (personal communication). ADDRESS: The Nature Conservancy 531 N. Clippert Lansing, MI 48912 75 DESIGNATION: Harvey N. Ott Preserve TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 256 LOCATION: Sects. 3, 4, 9 & 10, T25, R7W, Calhoun Co. PROTECTION: resolution by County Board of Commissioners (originally dedicated by Battle Creek College) DATE OF PROTECTION: 1926 OWNERSHIP: Calhoun County ADMINISTRATION: Calhoun County Parks & Recreation Commission DEVELOPMENTS: maintenance road, foot trails MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: The preserve lies on pitted glacial drift and includes one lake and portions of two others. The area's most noteworthy geo- morphic feature, an esker, extends for nearly one mile from the north- east to southwest corners, interrupted in only three places by stream action. Old fields and upland hardwoods occupy the esker and the periphery of the property. Dominants of the latter community are guercus spp. (oak) and Prunus serotina (black cherry). The large central portion of the preserve supports a lowland hardwood forest of Age: saccharum (sugar maple), Acer rubrum (red maple), Betula allegheniensis (yellow birch) and ylmu§_americana (elm). Bog vegetation surrounds much of Brigham and Hall Lakes, with open Sphagnum-sedge mats backed by £3315 laricina (tamarack) swamp forest. Two open marshes support numerous grasses and sedges, as well as Utricularia sp. (bladderwort) and Potentilla palustris (marsh cinquefoil). Wildlife of the preserve has not been reported. 76 REFERENCES: Catana, A.J. Jr. 1967, Forests of the Harvey N. Ott Preserve. Amer. Midl. Nat. 78:496-507. Gilbert, W.J. 1954. The Harvey N. Ott Preserve of Albion College. Mich. Hist. Mag. 38:157-167. Lindsey, A.A. and L.K. Escobar. 1976. Eastern deciduous forest Vol. 2, Beech-maple region. U.S. Govt. Printing Off. Washington, D.C. ADDRESS: Calhoun County Parks and Recreation Commission 303 S. Grand Marshall, MI 49068 77 DESIGNATION: Haven Hill Natural Area TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 721 LOCATION: Sects. 19 & 24, T3N, R8E, Oakland Co. Highland Recreation Area PROTECTION: under Michigan's Wilderness and Natural Areas Act (originally by resolution of Natural Resources Commission) DATE OF PROTECTION: 1954, August 13 OWNERSHIP: State of Michigan ADMINISTRATION: Michigan DNR, Parks Division DEVELOPMENTS: foot trail system MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: An interlobate glacial moraine forms the hills of the tract, with glacial outwash lying to the south and east. Haven Hill Lake was created largely by a dam constructed at its outlet. On the morainal upland, guercus rubra (red oak), Quercus alba (white oak) and Carya spp. (hickory) predominate. On the low-lying outwash and in isolated, low, pitted areas of the moraine, a number of swamp forest types occur. Most extensive of these are hardwood swamps of glmus americana (elm), Fraxinus nigga_(black ash) and lilig_amgri¢ gaga_(basswood). Conifer swamps include Thug; occidentalis (white cedar)—Betula allegheniensis (yellow birch) and Larix laricina (tama— rack)-Toxicodendron vernix (poison sumac) associations. Several higher ”islands" of Acer saccharum (sugar maple)-Fagus grandifolia (beech) forest are scattered on the outwash plain. Mink, badger, red fox, opossum and a number of smaller mammals are 78 known from the preserve. Among the many birds reported are ruffed grouse, cerulean warbler, ovenbird. great horned owl, redpoll, snow bunting and turkey vulture. Haven Hill Lake is home to a sizeable flock of Canada geese. REFERENCES: Michigan Natural Areas Council. 1979. Reconnaissance, site and other reports Vol. 1 1950—1977. Univ. Microfilms Internat. Ann Arbor. ADDRESS: Michigan Dept. of Natural Resources Parks Division Stevens T. Mason Bldg. Lansing, MI 48909 79 DESIGNATION: Helmerbrook Prairie Plant Preserve TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 10 LOCATION: Sect. 33, T15, R8W, Calhoun Co. PROTECTION: ownership by Michigan Nature Association DATE OF PROTECTION: 1979 OWNERSHIP: Michigan Nature Association ADMINISTRATION: Michigan Nature Association DEVELOPMENTS: none MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: This tract lies on an extensive plain of glacial outwash. Locally, the property is bounded on the south by railroad tracks and slopes northward toward Helmer Brook which marks the opposite boundary. A fen occupies the low ground near the stream. Dominants here include Cgrflgs stolonifera (red-osier dogwood) and Solidago spp. (goldenrod). The tract's upland portion supports a mesic prairie in which Andropogon gerardii (big bluestem), Silphium terebinthinaceum (prairie dock) and Lespedeza sp. (bush clover) are common. Wildlife of the preserve has not been reported. REFERENCES: Michigan Nature Association. 1977. Sanctuary guide. Mich. Nat. Assoc. Mount Clemens. ADDRESS: Michigan Nature Association 124 Miller Mount Clemens, MI 48043 80 DESIGNATION: Hemlock Research Natural Area TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 80 LOCATION: Sect. 2, T45N, R15W, Schoolcraft Co. Seney National Wildlife Refuge PROTECTION: designation as Research Natural Area by U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service DATE OF PROTECTION: 1948, September 21 OWNERSHIP: U.S. Government ADMINISTRATION: U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, Seney National Wildlife Refuge DEVELOPMENTS: none MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: The preserve‘s topography consists of sandy, gently- rolling glacial lakebed. Isgga canadensis (hemlock) dominates most of the acreage and is joined in places by Betula_allegheniensis (yellow birch). Deer, bear and numerous small mammals and upland bird species are reported from the area. REFERENCES: Federal Committee on Ecological Reserves. 1977. A directory of research natural areas on federal lands of the United States of America. U.S. Govt. Printing Off. Washington D.C. ADDRESS: Seney National Wildlife Refuge Seney, MI 49883 I amt-rams... ._ a w 81 DESIGNATION: Hoffmaster Natural Area TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 334 LOCATION: Sect. 36, T9N, R17W; Sect. 31, T9N, R16W, Muskegon Co. Sect. 1, T8N, R17W; Sect. 6, T8N, R16W, Ottawa Co. PROTECTION: under Michigan‘s Wilderness and Natural Areas Act DATE OF PROTECTION: 1979, December 13 OWNERSHIP: State of Michigan ADMINISTRATION: Michigan DNR, Parks Division DEVELOPMENTS: foot trails, stairway to overlook MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: The preserve is dominated by high, wooded stable dunes, incised with deep blowouts. A narrow strip of foredune borders the sandy Lake Michigan Shore. Forests of Age: saccharum (sugar maple), Fagus grandifolia (beech), Tsuga canadensis (hemlock) and Quercus spp. (oak) dominate the high dunes. On the foredune and blowouts, Calamo- vilfa longifolia (sand reed grass), Ammophila breviligulata (beach grass) and Erunu§_pumila_(sand cherry) are common species. Deer, red fox, skunk and woodchuck have been observed on the site. REFERENCES: Michigan Natural Areas Council. 1979. Reconnaissance, site and other reports Vol. 1 1950—1977. Univ. Microfilms Internat. Ann Arbor. ADDRESS: Michigan Dept. of Natural Resources Parks Division Stevens T. Mason Bldg. Lansing, MI 48909 82 DESIGNATION: Homer L. Hylton Memorial Plant Preserve TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 6 LOCATION: Sect. 27, T59N, R29W, Keweenaw Co. PROTECTION: ownership by Michigan Nature Association DATE OF PROTECTION: 1978, December 26 OWNERSHIP: Michigan Nature Association ADMINISTRATION: Michigan Nature Association DEVELOPMENTS: none MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: A companion property to the MNA's Keweenaw No. 2 Plant Preserve, this tract borders on Lake Superior with a rocky shore which supports the typical assemblage of boreal species, including Arctostaphylos gya-ursi (bearberry), Primula mistassinica (bird's- eye primrose) and Potentilla tridentata (cinquefoil). A shrub zone of Shepherdia canadensis (sheepberry), Juniperus communis (juniper) and Vaccinium spp. (blueberry) backs the open, rocky shore, and gives way to Abj§§_balsamea (balsam fir), Eigga_gl§g£a_(white spruce) and Betula papyrifera (paper birch). Wildlife of the preserve has not been reported. REFERENCES: none ADDRESS: Michigan Nature Association 124 Miller Mount Clemens, MI 48043 83 DESIGNATION: Hoobler Natural Area (Pigeon River Preserve) TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 480 LOCATION: Sect. 1, T31N, R2W, Otsego Co. PROTECTION: ownership by The Nature Conservancy DATE OF PROTECTION: 1974, December 24 OWNERSHIP: The Nature Conservancy ADMINISTRATION: The Nature Conservancy DEVELOPMENTS: several dirt roads and foot trails MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: A plain of sandy glacial outwash with low relief forms the topography of the preserve. The Pigeon River bisects the tract. West of the river, conifer swamps of Ihgia occidentalis (white cedar), Larix laricina (tamarack), Picea mariana (black spruce) and Abies balsamea (balsam fir) prevail. Locally unforested uplands occur centrally, while woodlands of pine and mixed hardwoods generally occu- py the higher ground east of the river. Common dominants here include Pinus banksiana (jack pine), Pinus resinosa (red pine), Pinus strobus (white pine), Populus tremuloides (quaking aspen) and Betula papxrifera (paper birch). Wildlife reported from the area include deer, beaver, bear, osprey, woodcock and partridge. REFERENCES: The Nature Conservancy, Michigan Field Office. 1978. Hoobler Natural Area master plan. Lansing (xerox). ADDRESS: The Nature Conservancy 531 N. Clippert Lansing, MI 48912 84 DESIGNATION: Horner Woods TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 24 LOCATION: Sect. 12, T25, R6E, Washtenaw Co. PROTECTION: deed restriction DATE OF PROTECTION: 1965, April 25 OWNERSHIP: University of Michigan ADMINISTRATION: Matthaei Botanical Gardens DEVELOPMENTS: foot trail MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: The preserve occupies an upland portion of inter- lobate moraine with locally rolling topography. A mixed hardwood forest of guercus alba_(white oak), guercus rubra (red oak), Cagya spp. (hickory) and some Acer saccharum (sugar maple) dominates the tract. A shallowly-inundated depression is bordered by dead elms and a Cgrflgs spp. (dogwood) thicket. Wildlife of the preserve has not been reported. REFERENCES: none ADDRESS: Matthaei Botanical Gardens 1800 N. Dixboro Road Ann Arbor, MI 48105 85 DESIGNATION: Huntington Memorial Plant Preserve TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 6 LOCATION: Sect. 7, T43N, R14W, Schoolcraft Co. PROTECTION: ownership by Michigan Nature Association DATE OF PROTECTION: 1969 OWNERSHIP: Michigan Nature Association ADMINISTRATION: Michigan Nature Association DEVELOPMENTS: none MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: The preserve lies on a sloping upland near the Manistique River. Betula papyrifera (paper birch) and Age; spp. (maple) dominate the forest thereon. Wildlife of the preserve has not been reported. REFERENCES: Holzman, R.W. Michigan Nature Association (personal communication). ADDRESS: Michigan Nature Association 124 Miller Mount Clemens, MI 48043 I” 86 DESIGNATION: Huron Islands Wilderness (formerly Huron Islands National Wildlife Refuge) TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 147 LOCATION: T53N, R29W, Marquette Co. PROTECTION: under Federal Wilderness Act DATE OF PROTECTION: 1970, October 23 OWNERSHIP: U.S. Government ADMINISTRATION: U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, Seney Nat. Wildlife Refuge DEVELOPMENTS: inactive Coast Guard Station, lighthouse and boathouse MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: The Huron Islands consist of thirty-one separate islands in Lake Superior and represent the fragmented remnants of a granitic cuesta of Precambrian age. Steep, ZOO—foot cliffs line the southern shores, while on the north, east and west, the dip of the rocks and glacial action have produced gentle slopes. Glacial striae are abundant on the exposed rock faces, and dikes lace the Precambrian granite. Approximately two-thirds of the islands' area is forested; Abies balsamea (balsam fir), Thuja_occidentalis (white cedar), EEEEl§.EEBXT rijgra (paper birch) and Pinus_spp. (pine) are major forest constituents. Along the shores, only lichens, low shrubs and herbs can persist. Herring gulls are abundant, with nesting concentrated on the sparse- ly—vegetated easternmost islands. Several other bird and small mammal species are present, including raven and snowshoe hare. REFERENCES: Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife. Undated. Huron Islands and 87 Seney Wilderness study areas. U.S. Govt. Printing Off. Washington, D.C. Dutton, C.E. 1968. Summary report on the geology and mineral resources of the Huron, Seney, Michigan Islands, Green Bay and Gravel Island National Wildlife Refuges of Michigan and Wisconsin. U.S. Geol. Surv. Bull. No. 1260-I,J. ADDRESS: Seney National Wildlife Refuge Seney, MI 49883 88 DESIGNATION: Huron Mountain Club Nature Research Area TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 17,700 LOCATION: T51-52N, R27-29W, Marquette Co. PROTECTION: dedication by Huron Mountain Club DATE OF PROTECTION: 1961 OWNERSHIP: Huron Mountain Club ADMINISTRATION: Huron Mountain Club DEVELOPMENTS: dirt roads, logging trails, foot trails, scattered residences MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: Along the shore of Lake Superior, a plateau of Jacobsville sandstone extends inland for about a mile. At this point, Precambrian granite emerges abruptly, and the relief increases to well over 1000 feet above Lake Superior. Steep slopes form a rugged topog- raphy, and a number of lakes occupy pockets between the hills, with the largest (Mountain Lake) covering 775 acres. The forests of the Huron Mountains are largely undisturbed, most of the acreage having undergone early selective cutting only in acces- sible areas. Hemlock and northern hardwood associations predominate, varying only in the relative abundances of constituent species. Aggg saccharum (sugar maple) commonly dominates the hardwood forests, and is often accompanied by Betula allegheniensis (yellow birch) and Tilia americana (basswood). Tsuga canadensis (hemlock) frequently forms pure stands on the mountain slopes. Pinus resinosa (red pine) thrives on the higher slopes and along the shores of mountain lakes. 89 The sandstone bluffs along Lake Superior support coniferous forests of Eiggg_glgggg (white spruce), Iggg§_canadensis (hemlock), A91§§_Eilf ggmgg (balsam fir) and Ejggg_strobus (white pine) with strong boreal affinities. Where dunes front on Lake Superior, they commonly support Biggg banksiana (jack pine) forests rich in lichens. Successional forests of Acer spp. (maple), Populus spp. (aspen) and Bgtglg_papyrifera (paper birch) occupy cut-over areas, which com- prise about one-quarter of the total preserve acreage. Old burn sites support forests of Bgtglg_papyrifera (white birch), Populus grandidentata (large-toothed aspen), Aggg-spp. (maple) and Igggg_canadensis (hemlock). Bogs are of infrequent occurrence in the region. Two tracts of mature, forested bog—-composed of Picea mariana (black spruce), ngjx laricina (tamarack) and Iggjg_occidentalis (white cedar)--lie near Lake Superior, and a floating bog mat borders Pony Lake. Among the animals present in the Huron Mountains, porcupine, flying squirrel, bear, beaver and otter are fairly common. The grey squirrel, cottontail and raccoon reach their northern distributional limits in the Hurons. Many common predator species were, however, eliminated in the club's early days, as were moose and caribou. Characteristically boreal birds, including the olive-sided flycatcher, Canada jay, spruce grouse, black-bearded woodpecker, raven and bald eagle also occupy the preserve. REFERENCES: Braun, E.L. 1950. Deciduous forests of eastern North America. Hafner. New York. Hagenah, D.J. 1963. Pteridophytes of the Huron Mountains, Marquette County, Michigan. Mich. Bot. 2:78-93. 90 Michigan Natural Areas Council. 1979. Reconnaissance, site and other reports Vol. 1 1950—1977. Univ. Microfilms Internat. Ann Arbor. Wells, J.R. and P.W. Thompson. 1976. Vegetation and flora of the Huron Mountains. Occ. Pap. Huron Mtn. Wild. Found. No. 3. ADDRESS: Huron Mountain Wildlife Foundation Huron Mountain Club Big Bay, MI 49808 91 DESIGNATION: Isle Royale Wilderness TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 131,880 LOCATION: Isle Royale (Lake Superior), Keweenaw Co. Isle Royale National Park PROTECTION: under Federal Wilderness Act DATE OF PROTECTION: 1976, October 20 OWNERSHIP: U.S. Government ADMINISTRATION: National Park Service, Isle Royale National Park DEVELOPMENTS: foot trails, campsite shelters MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: Isle Royale, on the northern rim of the Lake Superior Syncline, is composed of Keweenawan lava flows alternating with thinner beds of sandstone and comglomerate, all dipping southeast into Lake Superior. The igneous beds form most of the cuestaform ridges running the length of the island, the highest of which (Greenstone Ridge) rises to 490 feet above Lake Superior. The many swamps, lakes and fiord—like harbors occupy narrow valleys underlain by weaker sedimentary strata. Such valleys are largely the result of glacial quarrying. Glacial drift, however, is primarily restricted to the island's south- western end, where it forms an extensive mantle. Several morainal features, oriented northgsoutb, lie to the west and south of Lake Desor. Crag-andatail drumlins are scattered northwest of Siskiwit Bay and trend westerly. Beach terraces of glacial lakes Minong and Nipissing are evident in the drift on the island's west end. At least half of the island's vegetation shows disturbance from 92 fire and/or logging. Although many communities are still successional, trends in vegetational development are clearly evident. Forests are primarily of two types--boreal coniferous and northern hardwood--each on the latitudinal fringe of its distribution. A linear vegetational zonation has developed, with hardwoods following the ridgetops and boreal forests lining the shores and valleys. On the island's peri- phery, where the cool, moist influence of the lake is greatest, the boreal spruce-fir forest is dense, stunted and draped with Egggg. Frequent windthrow of conifers allows ngglg_papxrifera (paper birch) to invade. Inland, and at higher elevations, Agigg balsamea (balsam fir) increases in relative abundance and the forest is taller and less dense. Atop many of the ridges, especially in the southwest where soils are deep, forests of Aggg saccharum (sugar maple) and figtglg alleghe- niensis (yellow birch) prevail. In young stands, Populus spp. (aspen) and Eggglg papyrifera (paper birch) are important. Also occurring in- termittantly on the high ridges are unforested areas or "balds", main- tained by lightning fires, erosion and drought. Here, grasses share dominance with shrubs such as Vaccinium angustifolium (blueberry), Diervilla lonicera (bush honeysuckle), Amalanchier spp. (serviceberry) and Corylus cornuta (hazelnut), and scattered trees of Bgtgl§_pgpyriy jggg (paper birch) and Populus spp. (aspen). Other communities of limited extent include Ihgj§_occidentalis (white cedar) swamps, Ejggg banksiagg (jack pine) woods and floating bog mats. In addition to the famous wolf and moose populations of Isle Royale, mink, red fox, beaver, muskrat and snowshoe hare are among the 93 common animals. Over 200 bird species are known from the island. REFERENCES: Brown, C.A. 1937. Ferns and flowering plants of Isle Royale, Michigan. U.S. Govt. Printing Off. Washington, D.C. Cooper, W.S. 1913. The climax forest of Isle Royale, Lake Superior, and its development. Bot. Gaz. 55:1-44; 115—140; 189—235. Huber, N.K. 1973. Glacial and post-glacial history of Isle Royale National Park, Michigan. U.S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Paper No. 754-A. Shelton, N. 1975. The life of Isle Royale. Nat. Park Serv. Washington, D.C. ADDRESS: Isle Royale National Park 87 N. Ripley St. Houghton, MI 49931 94 DESIGNATION: James H. Klipfel Memorial Nature Sanctuary TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 160 LOCATION: Sect. 35, T59N, R29W, Keweenaw Co. PROTECTION: ownership by Michigan Nature Association DATE OF PROTECTION: 1979, October 29 OWNERSHIP: Michigan Nature Association ADMINISTRATION: Michigan Nature Association DEVELOPMENTS: none MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: Situated on the western end of Brockway Mountain, the preserve extends from the ridge-forming Middle Conglomerate, south- ward to the Lower Lake Shore Traps, spanning an elevation change of over 350 feet in less than one-half mile. Garden Brook flows through the tract's southern portion. The upland part of the preserve is windswept and dominated largely by shrubs and small trees. Little vegetation manages to maintain it~ self on the steep southern slope of Brockway, but in the valley below, Quercus ggggg (red oak), Iiljg_americana (basswood) and Eggglg gllggy heniensis (yellow birch) give way to a conifer swamp of Iflgjg_occiden- tglig (white cedar), Piggg_glgggg (white spruce) and Agjgg_balsamea (balsam fir). Brockway is frequented by migrating birds, especially in spring. Among those sighted are sharp-shin and broad-winged hawks, snowy owl, and bald and golden eagles. REFERENCES: Michigan Nature Association. 1979. James H. Klipfel Memorial Nature «in Sanctuary. ADDRESS: Michigan 124 Miller Mount Clemens, MI 48043 96 DESIGNATION: Jonathon Woods TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 144 LOCATION: Sects. 3O & 31, T6N, R11E, Lapeer Co. PROTECTION: ownership by The Nature Conservancy DATE OF PROTECTION: 1978, July OWNERSHIP: The Nature Conservancy ADMINISTRATION: The Nature Conservancy DEVELOPMENTS: foot trail system MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: An interlobate moraine lends considerable relief to this preserve, with elevation varying up to 100 feet in its northern portion. A stream flows northward along the western boundary, cutting a valley deep into the glacial till. Because of its habitat diversity, a relatively large number of communities exist within the preserve. The highest upland areas sup- port a forest of mixed hardwoods in which Quercus ggggg (red oak) and Quercus glgg (white oak) predominate. On the lower uplands and in sheltered ravines, rich fgggg grandifolia (beech)-Agg[ saccharum (sugar maple) forests prevail. A sizeable stand of Populus sp. (aspen) lies on the tract's southern extreme, and old-field communities are occasional. Of the three wetland communities present, one is a shrub—dominated kettle hole bog and two are swamp forests, dominated respectively by Betula allegheniensis (yellow birch) and Larix laricina (tamarack). Wildlife of the preserve has not been reported. Michigan . reports ‘. ; . ADDRESS: The Nature Conservancy 531 N. Clippert Lansing, MI 48912 98 DESIGNATION: Julius C. and Marie Moran Peter Nature Sanctuary (Grass Lake Nature Sanctuary) TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 95 LOCATION: Sect. 4, T31N, R9E; Sect. 33, T32N, R9E, Alpena Co. PROTECTION: ownership by Michigan Nature Association DATE OF PROTECTION: 1969, December 29 OWNERSHIP: Michigan Nature Association ADMINISTRATION: Michigan Nature Association DEVELOPMENTS: dirt road into property MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: The Sanctuary is situated on the south end of Grass Lake, where the latter borders on a broad, marly marsh. In the adjoining upland, soils are thin or locally absent on the underlying Devonian Alpena Limestone. A forest of Thuja occidentalis (white cedar), Picea glauca (white spruce) and Agigg balsamea (balsam fir) surrounds the lake. The marl marsh on the lake's periphery supports Potentilla fruticosa (shrubby cinquefoil), Triglochin maritimum (arrow grass), Sgrracenia purpurea (pitcher plant), Utricularia cornuta (bladderwort) and Cladium mggjg; ggiggg (twig rush). Wildlife known from the preserve includes bear, bobcat, coyote, loon, American bittern, Wilson's snipe and pileated woodpecker. REFERENCES: Michigan Nature Association. 1977. Sanctuary guide. Mich. Nat. Assoc. Mount Clemens. ADDRESS: Michigan Nature Association 4 Miller Mount Clemens, MI 48043 99 DESIGNATION: Karl Chen Memorial Prairie Plant Preserve (Roy Road Prairie Plant Preserve) TYPE: natural area preserve/managed preserve ACREAGE: 30 LOCATION: Sect. 21, T85, R12W, St. Joseph Co. PROTECTION: ownership by Michigan Nature Association DATE OF PROTECTION: 1976, October 19 OWNERSHIP: Michigan Nature Association ADMINISTRATION: Michigan Nature Association DEVELOPMENTS: none MANAGEMENT: limited burning of prairie GENERAL CHARACTER: The preserve occupies a lowland area near the White Pigeon River. A small stream bisects the tract. Most of the acreage supports a diversity of marsh and prairie species, including Silphium terebinthinaceum (prairie dock), Eggg; tggjgm spp. (joe-pye-weed), Veronicastrum virginicum (Culver's root) and Solidago spp. (goldenrod). An upland oak "opening" lies along the preserve's eastern boundary. Birds reported from the tract include bob—white and red-headed woodpecker. REFERENCES: Michigan Nature Association. 1977. Sanctuary guide. Mich. Nat. Assoc. Mount Clemens. ADDRESS: Michigan Nature Association 124 Miller Mount Clemens, MI 48043 100 DESIGNATION: Kasey Hartz Natural Area TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 10 LOCATION: Sect. 15, T10N, R16W, Muskegon Co. PROTECTION: resolution by Muskegon Community College Trustees DATE OF PROTECTION: 1970, April 20 OWNERSHIP: Muskegon Community College ADMINISTRATION: Life Science Department DEVELOPMENTS: foot trail MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: A sandy plain of glacial outwash underlies the preserve. Four Mile Creek flows westward, cutting a valley through the property. Quercus gigg_(white oak), Quercus velutina (black oak) and Piggg strobus (white pine) dominate the upland forest which covers most of the property. In the stream valley, a transitional £33333 pensylvanica (pin cherry)~Populus spp. (aspen) association gives way to Osmunda cinnamomea (cinnamon fern) and Lindera benzoin (spicebush) along the creek bed. Mammals of the tract include raccoon, muskrat and squirrel. Tufted titmouse, nuthatch and flicker are among the resident birds. REFERENCES: Michigan Natural Areas Council. 1979. Kasey Hartz Natural Area reconnaissance report. Ann Arbor (xerox). ADDRESS: Life Sciences Department Muskegon Community College 221 Quarterline Rd. Muskegon, MI 49442 101 DESIGNATION: Keweenaw Shore No. 1 Nature Sanctuary TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 37 LOCATION: Sect. 36, T59N, R30W, Keweenaw Co. PROTECTION: ownership by Michigan Nature Association DATE OF PROTECTION: 1967, October 7 OWNERSHIP: Michigan Nature Association ADMINISTRATION: Michigan Nature Association DEVELOPMENTS: none MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: Located on the Outer Conglomerate along the Lake Superior shore, the preserve possesses a characteristic assemblage of shoreline species, including Campanula rotundifolia (bellflower), Artemesia caudata (wormwood), Potentilla tridentata (cinquefoil) and Primula mistassinica (bird's-eye primrose). The sparsely-vegetated rocks are backed by a shrub zone of Shepherdia canadensis (sheep- berry), Vaccinium angustifolium (blueberry), Alnus crispa (alder) and Juniperus communis (juniper) which in turn gives way to an Ugggg: draped, stunted forest of Iggjg occidentalis (white cedar), Agjgg balsamea (balsam fir), Amalanchier sp. (serviceberry) and Bgtglg papyrifera (paper birch). Plant communities lying farther inland in- clude IAgjg_occidentalis (white cedar) swamp and open marsh. Wildlife of the preserve has not been reported. REFERENCES: Michigan Nature Association. 1977. Sanctuary guide. Mich. Nat. Assoc. Mount Clemens. ADDRESS: Michigan Nature Association 24 Miller Mount Clemens, MI 48043 102 DESIGNATION: Keweenaw Shore No. 2 Plant Preserve TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 6 LOCATION: Sect. 27, T59N, R29W, Keweenaw Co. PROTECTION: ownership by Michigan Nature Association DATE OF PROTECTION: 1978, November 27 OWNERSHIP: Michigan Nature Association ADMINISTRATION: Michigan Nature Association DEVELOPMENTS: none MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: The dominant feature of this preserve is the rocky Lake Superior shoreline and its unique assemblage of plant species. On these lichen-encrusted rocks of the Outer Conglomerate formation are found Primula mistassinica (bird's-eye primrose), Campanula rggggg difolia (bellflower), Lathyrus maritimus (beach pea), Potentilla £31- dentata (cinquefoil), Solidago spathulata (goldenrod) and, in moister rock hollows, Pinguicula vulgaris (butterwort). A shrub zone which backs the open shore consists of Alggg'ggiggg (alder), Shepherdia canadensis (sheep-berry), Mygjgg_gglg (sweet gale) and Vaccinium ggy gustifolium (blueberry). Wildlife of the preserve has not been reported. REFERENCES: Michigan Nature Association. 1977. Sanctuary guide. Mich. Nat. Assoc. Mount Clemens. ADDRESS: Michigan Nature Association 124 Miller Mount Clemens, MI 48043 103 DESIGNATION: Kitchel Dunes (North Shore Dunes) TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 112 LOCATION: Sect. 20, T8N, R16W, Ottawa Co. PROTECTION: ownership by The Nature Conservancy dedication by Central Michigan University DATE OF PROTECTION: 1974, December 18 OWNERSHIP: The Nature Conservancy (52 acres) Central Michigan University (60 acres) ADMINISTRATION: The Nature Conservancy Central Michigan University DEVELOPMENTS: none MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: Composed largely of open, active dunes, the preserve supports a complex of sand ridges with intervening swales. The latter frequently hold dune pools, especially during high lake levels. A limited area of upland dune is forested with Igggg_canadensis (hemlock), Aggg saccharum (sugar maple) and fgggg grandifolia (beech). 0n the remaining upland acreage, Ammophila breviligulata (beach grass), Calamovilfa longifolia (sand reed grass) and Aggggg_ggmila (sand cherry) dominate. The interdunal swales range in character from open water to localized marshes dominated by Scirpus americana (bulrush), Aggggg balticus (rush), Egggx spp. (sedge) and Eleocharis spp. (spike rush). Older swales support stands of Eiggg banksiana (jack pine). REFERENCES: Urban and Environmental Studies Institute. 1977. Kitchel Dune Preserve feasibility study. Grand Valley State Colleges. Allendale. ADDRESS: The. Nature Conservancy 531.N. Clippert Lansing, MI 48912 105 DESIGNATION: Klumbis Road Prairie TYPE: managed preserve ACREAGE: 1.1 LOCATION: Sect. 22, T65, R16W, Cass Co. PROTECTION: lease to The Nature Conservancy DATE OF PROTECTION: 1978, December OWNERSHIP: AMTRAK ADMINISTRATION: The Nature Conservancy DEVELOPMENTS: none MANAGEMENT: periodic burning and brush removal GENERAL CHARACTER: A sandy, mesic prairie, the Klumbis Road site supports many components of both dry and mesic prairies, including 5292229922.9§£E£911 (big bluestem), Andropogon scoparius (little blue- stem), Cacalia atriplicifolia (pale Indian plantain), Phlox pilosa (downy phlox), Ratibida pinnata (yellow coneflower) and Senecio plattensis (prairie ragwort). Wildlife of the preserve has not been reported. REFERENCES: Michigan Natural Areas Council. 1978. AMTRAK prairie remnant reconnaissance report. Ann Arbor (xerox . ADDRESS: The Nature Conservancy 531 N. Clippert Lansing, MI 48912 106 DESIGNATION: Kope Kon Nature Sanctuary TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 49 LOCATION: Sects. 16 & 21, T85, R6W, Branch Co. PROTECTION: ownership by Michigan Nature Association DATE OF PROTECTION: 1979, October 25 OWNERSHIP: Michigan Nature Association ADMINISTRATION: Michigan Nature Association DEVELOPMENTS: short dirt road MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: The preserve lies adjacent to Lake George and includes an upland portion which slopes to lake level. The upland supports old fields, second growth hardwoods and an old growth Quercus spp. (oak) forest of very large stature. Nearer the lake, swamp hardwoods dominate, giving way to a Iygflg sp. (cattail) marsh on the lake's margin. Wildlife of the preserve has not been reported. REFERENCES: Holzman, R.W. Michigan Nature Association (personal communication). ADDRESS: Michigan Nature Association 4 Miller Mount Clemens, MI 48043 107 DESIGNATION: Lake Huron Sand Dunes Plant Preserve TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 16 LOCATION: Sect. 9, T41N, R3E, Chippewa Co. PROTECTION: ownership by Michigan Nature Association DATE OF PROTECTION: 1976, January 26 OWNERSHIP: Michigan Nature Association ADMINISTRATION: Michigan Nature Association DEVELOPMENTS: none MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: The preserve consists primarily of low, open and forested dunes in a complex of Nipissing beach terraces. Inland from the oldest of these terraces lies a poorly-drained till plain veneered by glacio-lacustrine sediments. A stream which parallels the Lake Michigan shore bisects the property. The open dunes are dominated by beach grasses, Arctostaphylos gygfgggi_(bearberry), Juniperus communis (juniper) and scattered stands of Biggg strobus (white pine) and Piggg_resinosa (red pine). Inland from the stream, the dune ridges are forested with Agigg balsamea (balsam fir), Picea glauca (white spruce), Pinus spp. (pine) and ngg g papyrifera (paper birch). Between these ridges lie swales of Iflgjg occidentalis (white cedar) swamp, and similar swamps dominate the low till plain to the north. Wildlife of the preserve has not been reported in detail. REFERENCES: Michigan Nature Association. 1977. Sanctuary guide. Mich. Nat. Assoc. Mount Clemens. ADDRESS: Michigan : 124 Miller Mount Clemens, MI 48043 109 DESIGNATION: Lake St. Clair National Wildlife Refuge TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 4200 LOCATION: T2N, R15E, St. Clair Co. PROTECTION: designation as National Wildlife Refuge DATE OF PROTECTION: 1934, September 13 OWNERSHIP: U.S. Government ADMINISTRATION: U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, Shiawassee Nat. Wildlife Refuge DEVELOPMENTS: none MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: The Refuge consists largely of open water in the St. Clair River delta, marked only by buoys placed during duck hunting season. One permanent island dominated by Iyggg spp. (cattail), lies in the northern unit and others appear during low water years. Established for waterfowl protection, the Refuge is used especially by migrating and overwintering ducks. REFERENCES: none ADDRESS: Shiawassee National Wildlife Refuge 6975 Mower Rd., RR #1 Saginaw, MI 48601 110 DESIGNATION: Lake Superior Nature Sanctuary TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 369 LOCATION: Sects. 4 & 9, TSON, R7W, Chippewa Co. PROTECTION: ownership by Michigan Nature Association DATE OF PROTECTION: OWNERSHIP: Michigan Nature Association ADMINISTRATION: Michigan Nature Association DEVELOPMENTS: none MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: The Sanctuary occupies an area shaped by the Nipissing Great Lakes; a parallel series of ancient beach ridges-—running north- west to southeast--extend inland from the modern beach. The sandy ridge crests are forested with Aggg_saccharum (sugar maple) and Igggg canadensis (hemlock), while the intervening swales support marshes and Sphagnum bogs. A strip of open dune fronts on Lake Superior and supports Hudsonia tomentosa (beach heath), Lathyrus maritimus (beach pea), Ammophila breviligulata (beach grass) and Arctostaphylos Aggygggi (bear- berry). The preserve provides habitat for bear, coyote, snowshoe hare, bobcat and beaver. Birds sighted on the tract include barred owl, Sandhill crane, parula, pileated woodpecker and vireo. REFERENCES: Michigan Nature Association. 1977. Sanctuary guide. Mich. Nat. Assoc. Mount Clemens. ADDRESS: Michigan Nature Association 124 Miller Mount Clemens, MI 48043 111 DESIGNATION: Lakeville Swamp Nature Sanctuary TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 66 LOCATION: Sect. 27, T5N, R11E, Oakland Co. PROTECTION: ownership by Michigan Nature Association DATE OF PROTECTION: 1963 OWNERSHIP: Michigan Nature Association ADMINISTRATION: Michigan Nature Association DEVELOPMENTS: foot trail MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: Situated near the edge of a rolling interlobate moraine in northeastern Oakland County, the tract is a low-lying area with little internal relief. A small stream crosses its boundary in two places. Five basic plant communities lie within the perimeter of the property, which consists of three separate parcels. Covering the eastern section and much of the central section are diverse wet prairie com- munities supporting Andropogon gerardii (big bluestem), Sorghastrum Agtggg (Indian grass), Solidago spp. (goldenrod), Eupatorium spp. (joe- pye weed) and Cirsium muticum (swamp thistle). A £3315 laricina (tama- rack) fen is surrounded by open marsh, which gives way to Ihgjgrocciden- tglig (white cedar) swamp. Two other communities of limited extent are Quercus spp. (oak)-ngyg spp. (hickory) “island" forest, and Nemopan- 31yg_mucronatus (Michigan holly) swamp. Wildlife of the preserve has not been reported. 112 REFERENCES: Michigan Nature Association. 1977. Sanctuary guide. Mich. Nat. Assoc. Mount Clemens. ADDRESS: Michigan Nature Association Miller Mount Clemens, MI 48043 113 DESIGNATION: Lapland Buttercup Plant Preserve TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 20 LOCATION: Sect. 34, T43N, R2E, Chippewa Co. PROTECTION: ownership by Michigan Nature Association DATE OF PROTECTION: 1978, August 2 OWNERSHIP: Michigan Nature Association ADMINISTRATION: Michigan Nature Association DEVELOPMENTS: none MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: The preserve lies on glacial lake sediments with very gently rolling topography. The highest areas of this rather low tract support rich Aggg_ggg§gm_(red maple)-Fraxinus giggg (black ash) forests, while in the lower areas, coniferous swamps of Iggjg occiden— talis (white cedar) and Picea mariana (black spruce) predominate. Wildlife of the preserve has not been reported. REFERENCES: Kohring, M.A. The Nature Conservancy, Michigan Field Office (personal communication). ADDRESS: Michigan Nature Association 124 Miller Mount Clemens, MI 48043 114 DESIGNATION: Laughing Whitefish Falls Scenic Site TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 360 LOCATION: Sect. 16, T46N, R22W, Alger Co. Laughing Whitefish Falls State Park PROTECTION: under Michigan's Wilderness and Natural Areas Act (originally by resolution of Natural Resources Commission) DATE OF PROTECTION: 1963, June 14 OWNERSHIP: State of Michigan ADMINISTRATION: Michigan DNR, Parks Division DEVELOPMENTS: foot trail MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: The Laughing Whitefish River drops over a thick, resistant sandstone formation, then cascades over a dome of thinly- bedded sandstone. Surrounding the falls is a mature lgggg canadensis (hemlock)-Eiggg strobus (white pine)-northern hardwood association with numerous large Iggjg_occidentalis (white cedar) and fjg§g_mariana (black spruce) bordering the river below the falls. Nearer the tract's perimeter are successional woodlands dominated by Aggg spp. (maple). Wildlife of the preserve has not been reported. REFERENCES: Michigan Natural Areas Council. 1979. Reconnaissance, site and other reports Vol. 1 1950~1977. Univ. Microfilms Internat. Ann Arbor. ADDRESS: Michigan Dept. of Natural Resources Parks Division Stevens T. Mason Bldg. Lansing, MI 48909 115 DESIGNATION: Lawrence A. and Mary Bell Wade Memorial Nature Sanctuary TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 72 LOCATION: Sect. 11, T3N, R16W, Allegan Co. PROTECTION: ownership by Michigan Nature Association DATE OF PROTECTION: 1979, November 3 OWNERSHIP: Michigan Nature Association ADMINISTRATION: Michigan Nature Association DEVELOPMENTS: two homes on property MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: The preserve fronts on Silver Lake, and on a small inlet stream which occupies a deep ravine in the sandy sediments. The tract's upland supports a forest of which fgggg grandifolia (beech), Quercus spp. (oak), Igggg canadensis (hemlock), Aggg saccharum (sugar maple) and Pinus strobus (white pine) are constituents. Cornus florida (flowering dogwood) is a prominent understory species. Wildlife of the preserve has not been reported. REFERENCES: Daubendiek, B.A. Michigan Nature Association (personal communication). ADDRESS: Michigan Nature Association 124 Miller Mount Clemens, MI 48043 116 DESIGNATION: Lawton Prairie TYPE: managed preserve ACREAGE: 2.2 LOCATION: Sect. 28, T35, R13W, Van Buren Co. PROTECTION: lease by The Nature Conservancy DATE OF PROTECTION: 1978, December OWNERSHIP: AMTRAK ADMINISTRATION: The Nature Conservancy DEVELOPMENTS: none MANAGEMENT: periodic burning and brush removal GENERAL CHARACTER: This site consists of mesic prairie on humusy sand and is dominated by Andropogon gerardii (big bluestem) and Sorghastrum Aggggg (Indian grass). Other species include Solidago rigjgg_(stiff goldenrod), Lespedeza capitata (bush clover), Liatris spp. (blazing star), Sgigg_spartea (needle grass) and Viglg_sagittata (arrow-leaved violet. ’ Wildlife of the preserve has not been reported. REFERENCES: Michigan Natural Areas Council. 1978. AMTRAK prairie remnant reconnaissance report. Ann Arbor (xerox - ADDRESS: The Nature Conservancy 531 N. Clippert Lansing, MI 48912 117 DESIGNATION: Lefglen Nature Sanctuary TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 175 LOCATION: Sects. 20, 21, 28 & 29, T35, R2E, Jackson Co. PROTECTION: ownership by Michigan Nature Association DATE OF PROTECTION: 1970, December 28 OWNERSHIP: Michigan Nature Association ADMINISTRATION: Michigan Nature Association DEVELOPMENTS: foot trail MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: Founded upon pitted glacial outwash, the Sanctuary possesses a varied topography, including two lakes of 8.9 and 2.5 acres respectively. Most upland portions of the preserve are recovering from culti- vation and support very young forests. However, one old-field has been colonized by many dry prairie species, with Andropogon sc0parius (little bluestem) dominant. Lowland communities include hardwood swamp, ngj5_laricina (tamarack) swamp and open marsh. Veery, vireo, owl, bittern, Sandhill crane and woodcock are among the preserve's many bird species. REFERENCES: Michigan Nature Association. 1977. Sanctuary guide. Mich. Nat. Assoc. Mount Clemens. ADDRESS: Michigan Nature Association 124 Miller Mount Clemens, MI 48043 118 DESIGNATION: Lew Sarrett Wildlife Sanctuary TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 170 LOCATION: Sects. 34 & 35, T35, R18W, Berrien Co. PROTECTION: ownership by Michigan Audubon Society DATE OF PROTECTION: 1964 OWNERSHIP: Michigan Audubon Society ADMINISTRATION: Michigan Audubon Society DEVELOPMENTS: interpretive center, wildlife ponds, foot trails, teaching stations, observation towers MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: Much of the preserve lies on the flood plain of the Paw Paw River where it traverses sandy glacio-lacustrine sediments. Topography is gently rolling. The sole upland plant community is a mixed hardwoods forest domi- nated by Liriodendron tulipifera (tuliptree), Quercus rubra (red oak), fggg§_grandifolia (beech) and Fraxinus americana (white ash). Of the lowland communities, only one is forested-—a flood plain association of Fraxinus gigrg_(black ash), Agg:_:ggggg(red maple) and Platanus occidentalis (sycamore). Unforested lowland communities include open marsh and shrub swamps. Wildlife of the preserve has not been reported. REFERENCES: Lindsey, A.A. and L.K. Escobar. 1976. Eastern deciduous forest Vol. 2, Beech—maple region. U.S. Govt. Printing Off. Washington, D.C. ADDRESS: Sarrett Nature Center 2300 Benton Center Rd. Benton Harbor, MI 49022 119 DESIGNATION: Little Brevort Lake Scenic Site TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 540 LOCATION: Sects. 23, 24 & 25, T42N, R6W, Mackinac Co. Mackinac State Forest PROTECTION: under Michigan's Wilderness and Natural Areas Act DATE OF PROTECTION: 1979, May 10 OWNERSHIP: State of Michigan ADMINISTRATION: Michigan DNR, Forestry Division DEVELOPMENTS: foot trail MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: Little Brevort Lake, itself covering 144 acres, lies on the Point Aux Chenes Formation atop a veneer of Pleistocene deposits. A low outwash plain north and east of the lake gives way on its south and west sides to high, rugged Nipissing dunes. These dune ridges are wooded largely with forests of fiiflgg strobus (white pine), Igggg canadensis (hemlock) and Egggg_grandifolia (beech). Certain disturbed areas support stands of ngglg papyrifera (paper birch) and Igggg_canadensis (hemlock). The low—lying outwash to the northeast is covered with swamp forest of Iggjg occidentalis (white cedar), Igggg canadensis (hemlock) and ngglg allegheniensis (yellow birch). Wildlife of the preserve has not been reported. REFERENCES: none ADDRESS: Michigan Dept. of Natural Resources Forestry Division Stevens T. Mason Bldg. Lansing, MI 48909 120 DESIGNATION: Lost Lake Nature Sanctuary TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 80 LOCATION: Sects. 13 & 24, T23N, R3E, Ogemaw Co. PROTECTION: ownership by Michigan Nature Association DATE OF PROTECTION: 1975, September 29 OWNERSHIP: Michigan Nature Association ADMINISTRATION: Michigan Nature Association DEVELOPMENTS: none MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: The preserve lies on a till plain at the eastern edge of the Gladwin Moraine. Lost Lake, most of whose forty acres lie within the tract, is the most notable topographic feature. The north- east and south—central portions support upland forests of Populus sp. (aspen), Aggg saccharum (sugar maple) and Eiggg_strobus (white pine). A cedar swamp occupies the center of the Sanctuary and surrounds Lost Lake, which is immediately bordered by an open marsh. Common marsh species include Sarracenia purpurea (pitcher plant), Carex spp. (sedge), Utricularia sp. (bladderwort) and Menyanthes trifoliata (bog buckbean). Wildlife of the preserve has not been reported. REFERENCES: Michigan Nature Association. 1977. Sanctuary guide. Mich. Nat. Assoc. Mount Clemens. ADDRESS: Michigan Nature Association 124 Miller Mount Clemens, MI 48043 121 DESIGNATION: Lucia K. Tower Preserve TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 23 LOCATION: Sect. 21, T23N, R16W, Manistee Co. PROTECTION: ownership by The Nature Conservancy DATE OF PROTECTION: 1974, December 6 OWNERSHIP: The Nature Conservancy ADMINISTRATION: The Nature Conservancy DEVELOPMENTS: foot trail MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: Five hundred feet of sandy Lake Michigan shoreline are included in the preserve property. Low dunes prevail near the lake and a seven to eight acre blowout extends inland to “Old Baldy”, a 230-foot dune hill. A typical sand flora occupies the low dunes and blowout area. Inland from the foredune area lies a mixed hardwood-conifer forest of Aggg_saccharum (sugar maple), fgggg grandifolia (beech), Isggg canaden- gig (hemlock) and Eiggg strobus (white pine). Wildlife of the preserve has not been reported. REFERENCES: Kohring, M.A. The Nature Conservancy, Michigan Field Office (personal communication), ADDRESS: The Nature Conservancy 531 N. Clippert Lansing, MI 48912 122 DESIGNATION: MacCurdy Ecological Tract TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 170 LOCATION: Sect. 34, T12N, R5W, Montcalm Co. PROTECTION: dedication by Alma College DATE OF PROTECTION: ca. 1965 OWNERSHIP: Alma College ADMINISTRATION: Dept. of Biology DEVELOPMENTS: foot trails, observation tower, research building MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: The tract lies on a recessional moraine of the Saginaw lobe and possesses a rolling upland topography. The most notable geo- morphic feature is a kettle-hole lake located in the center of the area. The nearly 70 acres of upland forest on the preserve support secon- dary associations of varying composition. Dominants include Populus sp. (aspen)-Quercus spp. (oak) and Aggg spp. (maple)-Quercus ggggg_(red oak)-fgggg grandifolia (beech). Scattered old fields represent many stages of secondary succession. An open bog mat borders the lake and merges with a Aiggg mariana (black spruce)—gg:i§_laricina (tamarack) bog forest, in which Aggg_gggggm_(red maple) and Fraxinus spp. (ash) are also important. The preserve is inhabited by fox and various small mammals. REFERENCES: Michigan Natural Areas Council. 1979. Reconnaissance, site and other reports Vol. 1 1950-1977. Univ. Microfilms Internat. Ann Arbor. ADDRESS: Dept. of Biology Alma College Alma, MI 48801 123 DESIGNATION: Martha Mott Preserve TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 80 LOCATION: Sect. 36, T25, R13W, Van Buren Co. PROTECTION: ownership by Michigan Audubon Society DATE OF PROTECTION: 1971 OWNERSHIP: Michigan Audubon Society ADMINISTRATION: Michigan Audubon Society DEVELOPMENTS: none MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: The preserve lies on glacial outwash which slopes uniformly to the south. Over one-third of the acreage is forested with Quercus velutina (black oak) and Quercus glgg (white oak). Half the remaining area is open field, dominated by Bromus inermis (brome grass). A sandy ridge which bisects the northern portion was planted in the early 1960's with Pinus spp. (pines). A successional thicket of Acer negundo (boxelder), Acer saccharum (sugar maple), Sassafras albidum (sassafras) and Prunus serotina (black cherry) covers about twenty acres. The preserve also includes part of an extensive Iyggg sp. (cattail) marsh. Numerous bird species nest in the preserve, including green heron, red-tailed hawk, yellow—billed cuckoo and great horned owl. REFERENCES: Good, 0. 1977. Study of the breeding birds of the Martha Mott Sanct- uary, Van Buren County. Jack Pine Warb. 55: 162-178. ADDRESS: Michigan Audubon Society 7000 N. Westnedge Kalamazoo, MI 49001 124 DESIGNATION: Mary Stallins Ray Memorial Plant Preserve TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 8 LOCATION: Sect. 28, T7N, R16E, St. Clair Co. PROTECTION: ownership by Michigan Nature Association DATE OF PROTECTION: 1971, December OWNERSHIP: Michigan Nature Association ADMINISTRATION: Michigan Nature Association DEVELOPMENTS: none MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: A plain of glacial lake clays lends the preserve a nearly level topography. The area is partly inundated each spring, and supports a lowland forest of Agg: [ggggm (red maple), Liriodendron tulipifera (tuliptree), Quercus spp. (oak) and Igggg canadensis (hem- lock). Birds reported from the area include whip-poor-will, ruffed grouse, woodcock and ovenbird. REFERENCES: Michigan Nature Association. 1977. Sanctuary guide. Mich. Nat. Assoc. Mount Clemens. ADDRESS: Michigan Nature Association 124 Miller Mount Clemens, MI 48043 125 DESIGNATION: McCormick Research Natural Area TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 3675 LOCATION: T50N, R29W, Marquette Co. Ottawa National Forest PROTECTION: designation as Federal Research Natural Area by U.S. Forest Service DATE OF PROTECTION: 1971 OWNERSHIP: U.S. Government ADMINISTRATION: U.S. Forest Service, Hiawatha National Forest DEVELOPMENTS: foot trail MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: A thin or spotty veneer of glacial till covers the Precambrian rocks underlying this area. The resultant topograghy is rolling to rugged, with elevations ranging from 1600 feet along the Yellow Dog River to over 1900 feet around Lake Margaret. Elevation changes of 200 feet in one-quarter mile are not uncommon. The Yellow Dog River flows northeasterly through the center of the tract and traverses two falls. A glacial moraine crosses the northern edge of the property. The predominant forest types on the preserve are Agg:_saccharum (sugar maple)-Fagus grandifolia (beech)-Betula allegheniensis (yellow birch) associations, or disturbed or xeric variants thereof. Concen- trations of Igggg canadensis (hemlock) are scattered throughout the area, as are Eiggg strobus (white pine), Bgtglg.papyrifera (paper birch) and [Agig occidentalis (white cedar). Bogs, marshes and alder swamps border the Yellow Dog River and surround small lakes and ponds. Other 126 communities of occasional occurrence are dominated respectively by Picea mariana (black spruce), Pinus resinosa (red pine) and Picea glauca (white spruce)-Abies balsamea (balsam fir)-Betula papyrifera (paper birch). Black bear are common on the tract, as are a number of smaller mammals. REFERENCES: Federal Conmittee on Ecological Reserves. 1977. A directory of research natural areas on federal lands of the United States of America. U.S. Govt. Printing Off. Washington, D.C. ADDRESS: North Central Forest Experiment Station 1030 Wright St. Marquette, MI 49855 127 DESIGNATION: Michigan Islands Wilderness Area (formerly Michigan Islands National Wildlife Refuge) TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 251 LOCATION: Sect. 6 & 7, T38N, R8W; Sect. 17, T39N, R5W; Sect. 33, T40N, R4W, Charlevoix Co. Sect. 15, T29N, R9E, Alpena Co. PROTECTION: under Federal Wilderness Act DATE OF PROTECTION: 1970, October 23 OWNERSHIP: U.S. Government ADMINISTRATION: U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, Shiawassee Nat. Wildlife Refuge DEVELOPMENTS: none MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: The Refuge consists of four islands--three from the Beaver Island Archipelago in Lake Michigan and one in northern Lake Huron. Of the former group, Gull Island is the largest, covering about 239 acres. Its central portion is forested with Agigg_balsamea_(balsam fir) and [Aggg_occidentalis (white cedar). The rocky southern shore is irregular in outline, with numerous bays, inlets and beach pools, but the remainder of the island is bordered by a sandy shore fronting a low dune area. As its name implies, the island is heavily utilized by nesting gulls. Few mammals inhabit the island, but numerous other shore birds nest there. Shoe and Pismire Islands, also in the Beaver Island group, consist of Pleistocene sands and gravels perched upon the dolomitic Bois Blanc Formation. The islands differ in their elevation above Lake Michigan. 128 Shoe Island is submerged during high lake levels and supports only her- baceous vegetation, while part of Pismire is permanently emergent and supports a small forest community. The islands serve as nesting grounds for herring and ring-billed gulls, common and Caspian terns, and, on Pismire, mallards and red-breasted mergansers. Scarecrow Island lies in Thunder Bay (Lake Huron) and is com- posed of Pleistocene deposits perched atop the Antrim shale formation. Beach pools litter the low, broad, gravel shore, while centrally, the island is forested. Many bird species nest here, including those present on Shoe and Pismire, as well as great blue heron and cormorant. REFERENCES: Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife. Undated. Michigan Islands wilderness study area. U.S. Govt. Printing Off. Washington, D.C. Dutton, C.E. 1968. Summary report on the geology and mineral resources of the Huron, Seney, Michigan Islands, Green Bay and Gravel Island National Wildlife Refuges of Michigan and Wisconsin. U.S. Geol. Surv. Bull. No. 1260—I,J. ADDRESS: Shiawassee National Wildlife Refuge 6975 Mower Rd. RR #1 Saginaw, MI 48601 129 DESIGNATION: Middle Belt Prairie TYPE: managed preserve ACREAGE: 11 LOCATION: Sect. 26, T45, R9E, Wayne Co. Lower Huron MetroPark PROTECTION: administrative designation by Huron-Clinton Metropolitan Authority DATE OF PROTECTION: 1969, February OWNERSHIP: Huron-Clinton Metropolitan Authority ADMINISTRATION: Huron-Clinton Metropolitan Authority DEVELOPMENTS: none MANAGEMENT: periodic mowing GENERAL CHARACTER: The preserve lies upon fluvial sediments in the Huron Slough, an abandoned channel of the Huron River. An open wood- land, dominated by Quercus ggggg (red oak) and Quercus velutina (black oak), occupies the tract's eastern portion. To the west, the forest thins to a mesic savannah with a dense ground cover which includes Eupatorium spp. (joe—pye-weed), Vernonia missurica (ironweed), 32g: gggAjg_spp. (brown-eyed susan) and Lespedeza spp. (bush clover). Also present on the property is an old field, invaded to a degree by prairie species. Wildlife of the preserve has not been reported. REFERENCES: Michigan Natural Areas Council. 1979. Reconnaissance, site and other reports Vol. 1 1950-1977. Univ. Microfilms Internat. Ann Arbor. ADDRESS: Huron~Clinton MetroParks 3050 Penobscot Bldg. Detroit, MI 48226 130 DESIGNATION: Mixed Forest Nature Study Area TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 968 LOCATION: Sects, 6 & 7, T39N, R1W, Mackinac Co. Black Lake State Forest PROTECTION: under Michigan's Wilderness and Natural Areas Act (originally by resolution of Natural Resources Commission) DATE OF PROTECTION: 1955, December 15 OWNERSHIP: State of Michigan ADMINISTRATION: Michigan DNR, Forestry Division DEVELOPMENTS: none MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: Located on Bois Blanc Island, the preserve lies upon Bois Blanc dolomite and borders on Lake Huron with a sandy to gravelly beach. ngglg_papyrifera (paper birch) and Aggg spp. (maple) dominate the secondary forests of the tract. These stands vary in age and some possess very large, mature birch. Vegetation of the shore area includes such species as Tofieldia glutinosa (false asphodel), Castilleja gggg giggg (Indian paintbrush), Triglochin maritimum (arrow grass) and Arceuthobium pusillum (dwarf mistletoe) on Eiggg_glgggg_(white spruce). Wildlife of the preserve has not been reported. REFERENCES: Michigan Natural Areas Council. 1979. Reconnaissance, site and other reports Vol. 1 1950-1977. Univ. Microfilms Internat. Ann Arbor. ADDRESS: Michigan Dept. of Natural Resources Forestry Division Stevens T. Mason Bldg. Lansing, MI 48909 131 DESIGNATION: Mosely-Bennett-Barlow Preserve TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 45 LOCATION: Sect. 19, T35, R8E, Wayne Co. Sect. 24, T35, R7E, Washtenaw Co. PROTECTION: ownership by The Nature Conservancy DATE OF PROTECTION: 1975, December 27 OWNERSHIP: The Nature Conservancy ADMINISTRATION: The Nature Conservancy DEVELOPMENTS: none MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: The Huron River flows through a former glacial lake bed of clay and silt in this preserve. Several old houses, cabins and farm buildings lie along Rawsonville Road, which bisects the property. Swamp and marsh flood plain vegetation borders the Huron River and is backed by old fields and, to the northwest, a uercus (oak)-§ggyg (hickory) forest. Wildlife of the preserve has not been reported in detail. REFERENCES: Mosely-Bennett—Barlow Stewardship Committee. 1979. Mosely-Bennett- Barlow Preserve master plan. The Nature Conservancy, Michigan Field Office. Lansing (xerox), ADDRESS: The Nature Conservancy 1 N. Clippert Lansing, MI 48912 132 DESIGNATION: Mud Lake Bog Research Area TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 200 LOCATION: Sects. 1 & 12, T15, R5E, Washtenaw Co. PROTECTION: deed restriction DATE OF PROTECTION: 1957 OWNERSHIP: University of Michigan ADMINISTRATION: Matthaei Botanical Gardens DEVELOPMENTS: foot trail MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: The central topographic feature of this preserve is an ice-block depression containing a bog lake. In the surrounding up- land, isolated patches of Quercus spp. (oak)-§ggyg spp. (hickory) forest are scattered through old-field communities dominated by Crataegus spp. (hawthorn)and Aggg_typhina (staghorn sumac). Lowland communities cover most of the preserve's acreage, and consist largely of open marsh and hardwood swamp. Agrié_laricina (tamarack) swamp surrounds the lake, which is immediately bordered by an extensive floating Sphagnum-sedge mat. Wildlife of the preserve has not been reported. REFERENCES: Heatwole, H. and L.L. Getz. 1960. Studies on the amphibians and reptiles of Mud Lake Bog in southern Michigan. Jack Pine Warb. 38:107-112. ADDRESS: Matthaei Botanical Gardens 1800 N. Dixboro Road Ann Arbor, MI 48105 133 DESIGNATION: Newaygo Prairie Ecological Study Area TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 80 LOCATION: Sect. 35, T12N, R12W, Newaygo Co. Manistee National Forest PROTECTION: special designation by U.S. Forest Service DATE OF PROTECTION: 1966, January OWNERSHIP: U.S. Government ADMINISTRATION: U.S. Forest Service, Manistee National Forest DEVELOPMENTS: none MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: The preserve lies on a level plain of sandy glacial outwash. Soil in the area consists of Sparta loamy sand, a common substrate of prairie sites in Newaygo County. Vegetation here is dominated by dry prairie species such as Andropogon sc0parius (little bluestem), Carex pensylvanica (sedge) and Rubus sp. (blackberry). Other common species include Koeleria macrantha (junegrass), Aristida purpurascens (purple three-awn) and BEEEA acetocella (sheep sorrel). Wildlife of the preserve has not been reported. REFERENCES: Hauser, R.S. 1953. An ecological analysis of the isolated prairies of Newaygo County, Michigan. Ph.D. Thesis. Michigan State University. ADDRESS: District Forester Manistee National Forest White Cloud, MI 49349 134 DESIGNATION: Newaygo Prairie Plant Preserve TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 110 LOCATION: Sects. 2 & 11, T12N, R12W, Newaygo Co. PROTECTION: ownership by Michigan Nature Association DATE OF PROTECTION: 1969, August 21 OWNERSHIP: Michigan Nature Association ADMINISTRATION: Michigan Nature Association DEVELOPMENTS: foot trails MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: The preserve lies on a glacial outwash plain at the northern edge of Michigan's "prairie peninsula”. The tract occupies a broad, bowl—like depression which lends it limited relief. Soils are typically Sparta loamy sand. Similar to other prairie tracts in Newaygo County, this land has reverted to its original prairie condition since abandonment as farm- land in the late 1800's. Oak woods surround the open prairie, which is dominated by Andropogon sc0parius (little bluestem), Carex pensyl- vanica (sedge) and Rubus sp. (dewberry). Other common species here include Opuntia compressa (prickly-pear), Tephrosia virginiana (goat- rue) and Artemesia caudata (wormwood). Wildlife of the preserve has not been reported. REFERENCES: Michigan Nature Association. 1977. Sanctuary guide. Mich. Nat. Assoc. Mount Clemens. ADDRESS: Michigan Nature Association 24 Miller Mount Clemens, MI 48043 135 DESIGNATION: Newton Woods TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 40 LOCATION: Sect. 29, T55, R14W, Cass Co. PROTECTION: resolution by Department of Forestry, MSU DATE OF PROTECTION: ca. 1976 OWNERSHIP: Michigan State University ADMINISTRATION: Department of Forestry DEVELOPMENTS: foot trails MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: The tract is situated on a plain of glacial outwash within the Kalamazoo Morainic complex. Dowagiac Creek flows through the property's southeast quarter. A rich, old-growth hardwood forest covers the area. Dominants here are Aggg saccharum (sugar maple) and Egggg grandifolia (beech), contrary to a report of Quercus gigg_(white oak) dominance by Lindsey and Escobar (1976). In addition, the forest includes some unusually large individuals of Liriodendron tulipifera (tuliptree), Quercus bicolor (swamp white oak) and Quercus velutina (black oak). Wildlife of the preserve has not been reported. REFERENCES: Hollensen, K.A. Dept. of Botany, Mich. State Univ. (personal communication), Lindsey, A.A. and L.K. Escobar. 1976. Eastern deciduous forest Vol. 2, Beech-maple region. U.S. Govt. Printing Off. Washington, D.C. ADDRESS: Dept. of Forestry Michigan State University East Lansing, MI 48824 136 DESIGNATION: Northern Hardwoods Public Use Natural Area TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 68 LOCATION: Sect. 13, T44N, R14W, Schoolcraft Co. Seney National Wildlife Refuge PROTECTION: designation as Public Use Natural Area by U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service DATE OF PROTECTION: 1977, March 16 OWNERSHIP: U.S. Government ADMINISTRATION: U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, Seney Nat. Wildlife Refuge DEVELOPMENTS: gravel road through northern portion MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: Wind and wave action have shaped the glacial lake sands deposited here by Lake Algonquin into low, scattered ridges. An old-growth hardwood forest of fgggg grandifolia (beech) and Aggr‘ggg; gAgggg (sugar maple) dominates the tract. Eggglg allegheniensis (yellow birch), Eggglg papyrifera (paper birch) and Igggg canadensis (hemlock) are common associates. Approximately sixteen acres support a Pinus resinosa (red pine) stand. Wildlife species frequenting the area include pileated woodpecker, barred owl and flying squirrel. REFERENCES: none ADDRESS: Seney National Wildlife Refuge Seney, MI 49883 137 DESIGNATION: Northern Hardwood Research Natural Area TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 550 LOCATION: Sects. 4 & 9, T44N, R17W, Schoolcraft Co. Seney National Wildlife Refuge PROTECTION: designation as Research Natural Area by U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service DATE OF PROTECTION: 1948, September 21 OWNERSHIP: U.S. Government ADMINISTRATION: U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, Seney Nat. Wildlife Refuge DEVELOPMENTS: gravel road, goose pen impoundment MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: The preserve lies on the sandy former bed of glacial Lake Algonquin and is characterized by flat upland and low dunes. The Manistique River bisects the area's southern portion. Aggg saccharum (sugar maple), Fagus grandifolia (beech) and Betula allegheniensis (yellow birch) dominate the old-growth forest which covers most of the site. Deer, bear and numerous small mammals are known from the preserve. REFERENCES: Federal Committee on Ecological Reserves. 1977. A directory of research natural areas on federal lands of the United States of America. U.S. Govt. Printing Off. Washington, D.C. ADDRESS: Seney National Wildlife Refuge Seney, MI 49883 138 DESIGNATION: Northshore Research Natural Area TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 817 LOCATION: Sects. 5 & 6, T39N, R1W, Mackinac Co. Black Lake State Forest PROTECTION: under Michigan Wilderness and Natural Areas Act (originally by resolution of Natural Resources Commission) DATE OF PROTECTION: 1955, December 9 OWNERSHIP: State of Michigan ADMINISTRATION: Michigan DNR, Forestry Division DEVELOPMENTS: none MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: The peninsular portion of section 5 lies upon the Silurian dolomite of the St. Ignace Formation. To the south, the Bois Blanc Formation, which comprises the bulk of the island, consists of Devonian dolomite interbedded with chert. Glacial deposits are thin or insignificant. The tract supports a well-developed forest partly dominated by Riggs strobus (white pine), with numerous individuals exceeding 20 in. in diameter. Also of importance are Eiggg resinosa (red pine), Agigg balsamea (balsam fir), Picea spp. (spruce) and Thuja occidentalis (white cedar). Among the characteristic plants of the gravelly shore are Iris lacustris (dwarf lake iris), Myrica gale (sweet gale), Castil— leja coccinnea (Indian paintbrush) and Potentilla fruticosa (shrubby cinquefoil). Wildlife of the preserve has not been reported. 139 REFERENCES: Michigan Natural Areas Council. 1979. Reconnaissance, site and other reports Vol. 1 1950—1977. Univ. Microfilms Internat. Ann Arbor. ADDRESS: Michigan Dept. of Natural Resources Forestry Division Stevens T. Mason Bldg. Lansing, MI 48909 140 DESIGNATION: Osborne Mills Riverland TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 39 LOCATION: Sect. 11, T25, R5E, Washtenaw Co. PROTECTION: ownership by The Nature Conservancy DATE OF PROTECTION: 1976, July OWNERSHIP: The Nature Conservancy ADMINISTRATION: The Nature Conservancy DEVELOPMENTS: foot trail MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: The preserve borders an oxbow of the Huron River. On its erosional bank, the river has cut deeply into an interlobate moraine to produce steep slopes with local seepage. A well-developed Quercus (oak)-gggyg (hickory) forest dominates the tract‘s upland. Wetland communities occupy the narrow floodplain along the oxbow's outer bank and the entire inner bank. A triangle of old field lies on the tract's northern end. Opossum, woodchuck, muskrat, weasel and red fox inhabit the pre- serve, and birds sighted there include great blue heron, osprey, black- billed cuckoo and screech owl. REFERENCES: Washtenaw Land Conservancy. 1978. Washt. Land Consv. News. 1: 1-4. ADDRESS: The Nature Conservancy 511 N. Clippert Lansing, MI 48912 141 DESIGNATION: Palmer-Wilcox-Gates Preserve TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 15 LOCATION: Sect. 9, T29N, R9W, Antrim Co. PROTECTION: ownership by The Nature Conservancy DATE OF PROTECTION: 1976, November 17 OWNERSHIP: The Nature Conservancy ADMINISTRATION: The Nature Conservancy DEVELOPMENTS: none MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: The shoreline of this tract, located on the east side of Grand Traverse Bay, consists of a low foredune backed by fossil dunes of up to 35 feet in height. An interdunal swale enters the eastern border. With the exception of the foredune, which supports typical open dune vegetation, the upland is forested with a northern mixed hardwoods association in which Fagus grandifolia (beech), Betula allegheniensis (yellow birch), Igggg_canadensis (hemlock), Agg: saccharum (sugar maple) and Aiggg_spp. (pine) share dominance. The swale area consists of open marsh. The spotted sandpiper, pileated woodpecker, veery, thrush and ovenbird have been sighted on the preserve. Gray squirrel, raccoon, skunk and red fox are also characteristic of the area. REFERENCES: The Nature Conservancy, Michigan Field Office. 1978. Palmer-Wilcox- Gates Preserve master plan. Lansing (xerox). ADDRESS: The Nature Conservancy 5 1 N. Clippert Lansing, MI 48912 142 DESIGNATION: Passage Island Research Natural Area TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 104 LOCATION: Keweenaw Co. Isle Royale National Park PROTECTION: designation as Research Natural Area by National Park Service DATE OF PROTECTION: 1966 OWNERSHIP: U.S. Government ADMINISTRATION: National Park Service, Isle Royale National Park DEVELOPMENTS: none MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: The island's geomorphic character is identical to that of Isle Royale (see Isle Royale Wilderness). Vegetation, however, differs significantly, largely due to the absence of moose and their browsing. Among the most obvious consequences are the presence of IgAgg canadensis (yew) and absence of Agggg parviflorus (thimbleberry). As expected, the timber wolf is also absent from the island. REFERENCES: Federal Committee on Ecological Reserves. 1977. A directory of research natural areas on federal lands of the United States of America. U.S. Govt. Printing Off. Washington, D.C. ADDRESS: Isle Royale National Park 7 N. Ripley St. Houghton, MI 49931 143 DESIGNATION: Pennfield Bog Plant Preserve TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 29 LOCATION: Sect. 10, T1S, R7W, Calhoun Co. PROTECTION: ownership by Michigan Nature Association DATE OF PROTECTION: 1967, February 28 OWNERSHIP: Michigan Nature Association ADMINISTRATION: Michigan Nature Association DEVELOPMENTS: none MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: The preserve is located in an ice block depression on the Kalamazoo moraine and is surrounded by rolling upland. Nearly all the acreage lies in the water—filled depression of Little Goose Lake, which supports a floating bog mat. The advancing edge of the mat is dominated by Decodon verticillata (swamp loosestrife) which is backed by a community of Carex lasiocarpa (sedge), Vaccinium macrocarpon (cranberry), Thelypteris palustris (marsh fern) and Chamaedaphne calyculata (leatherleaf). A swamp forest of Larix laricina (tamarack) surrounds the open mat, and a low-lying Acer rubrum (red maple) forest occupies the rim of the depression. Wildlife of the preserve have not been reported. REFERENCES: Crow, G. 1969. An ecological analysis of a southern Michigan bog. Mich. Bot. 8:11-27. Michigan Nature Association. 1977. Sanctuary guide. Mich. Nat. Assoc. Mount Clemens. ADDRESS: Michigan Nature Association 124 Miller Mount Clemens, MI 48043 144 DESIGNATION: Pepperidge Dunes Plant Preserve TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 20 LOCATION: Sect. 15, T75, R20W, Berrien Co. PROTECTION: ownership by Michigan Nature Association DATE OF PROTECTION: 1979, June 25 OWNERSHIP: Michigan Nature Association ADMINISTRATION: Michigan Nature Association DEVELOPMENTS: none MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: The preserve derives its name partly from the fossil beach upon which it lies, producing a level upland. A forest of Aggg rggggg_(red maple) and associated species--including Ayggg_sylvatica (pepperidge)--dominates the tract. Wildlife of the preserve has not been reported. REFERENCES: Kohring, M.A. The Nature Conservancy, Michigan Field Office (personal communication). ADDRESS: Michigan Nature Association 4 Miller Mount Clemens, MI 48043 145 DESIGNATION: Petersburg State Game Area Special Habitat TYPE: managed preserve ACREAGE: 10 LOCATION: Sect. 16, T75, R6E, Monroe Co. Petersburg State Game Area PROTECTION: special designation by Wildlife Division, Michigan DNR DATE OF PROTECTION: 1979 OWNERSHIP: State of Michigan ADMINISTRATION: Michigan DNR, Wildlife Division DEVELOPMENTS: none MANAGEMENT: periodic burning GENERAL CHARACTER: The tract consists of sandy, mesic prairie strips on either side of Teal Road. Andropogon scoparius (little bluestem) and Andropogon gerardii (big bluestem) dominate and common forbs include Liatris spp. (blazing star), Desmodium canadense (tick trefoil) and Lespedeza capitata (bush clover). Wildlife of the preserve has not been reported. REFERENCES: none ADDRESS: Michigan Dept. of Natural Resources Wildlife Division Stevens T. Mason Bldg. Lansing, MI 48909 146 DESIGNATION: Phyllis Haehnle Memorial Sanctuary TYPE: natural area preserve/managed preserve ACREAGE: 687 LOCATION: Sects. 1, 2 & 3, T25, RIE, Jackson Co. PROTECTION: ownership by Michigan Audubon Society DATE OF PROTECTION: 1955 OWNERSHIP: Michigan Audubon Society ADMINISTRATION: Michigan Audubon Society DEVELOPMENTS: crane observation area MANAGEMENT: strip crops planted for wildlife food and cover GENERAL CHARACTER: The preserve lies on a low, sandy glacial outwash plain, and much of the acreage is at or below the water table. Part of Eagle Lake lies within the tract‘s boundary. Forest associations are of three types; Quercus (oak)-§ggyg (hickory), Egggg grandifolia (beech)- Aggg saccharum (sugar maple), and Populus spp. (aspen). Open marsh occupies extensive areas; dominants here are Iyggg latifolia (cattail) and Scirpus spp. (bulrush). Several old fields are planted with strip crops for wildlife food and cover. Bird life of the Sanctuary is diverse. Among the nesting species are Canada goose, Sandhill crane, coot and American and least bittern. Migratory visitors include up to 700 Sandhill cranes, many ducks and geese and occasional whistling swans. REFERENCES: Whiting, Robert. Michigan Audubon Society (personal communication). ADDRESS: Michigan Audubon Society 7000 N. Westnedge Kalamazoo, MI 49001 147 DESIGNATION: Pine River Nature Sanctuary (Stephen M. Polovich Memorial) TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 18 LOCATION: Sect. 30, T7N, R16E, St. Clair Co. PROTECTION: ownership by Michigan Nature Association DATE OF PROTECTION: 1963 OWNERSHIP: Michigan Nature Association ADMINISTRATION: Michigan Nature Association DEVELOPMENTS: foot trail MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: The tract lies atop delta sediments from the post- glacial Black River, which have now been dissected by the modern river and its tributaries, creating a diverse topography of uplands and broad ravines. The forest occupying the site is one of transition between northern and southern associations. Dominants include fgggg grandifolia (beech), Betula allegheniensis (yellow birch), Acer Egg: gAgggm_(sugar maple) and Igggg_canadensis (hemlock). Whip-poor-will and great horned owl are among the many birds known from the area. REFERENCES: Michigan Nature Association. 1977. Sanctuary guide. Mich. Nat. Assoc. Mount Clemens. ADDRESS: Michigan Nature Association 1 4 Miller Mount Clemens, MI 48043 148 DESIGNATION: Porcupine Mountains Wilderness Area TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 42,246 LOCATION: T50N, R45W, Gogebic Co. T50N, R44W; T51N, R43, Ontonagon Co. Porcupine Mountains Wilderness State Park PROTECTION: under Michigan's Wilderness and Natural Areas Act (originally by resolution of Natural Resources Commission) DATE OF PROTECTION: 1954, August 13 OWNERSHIP: State of Michigan ADMINISTRATION: Michigan DNR, Parks Division DEVELOPMENTS: foot trail system, cabins and trailside shelters MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: The Porcupines lie on the southern edge of the Lake Superior Syncline and are formed of alternating beds of volcanics and conglomerates, dipping northwest into the Superior Basin. The resis- tant formations produce ridges which are flanked by valleys of weaker rock layers. This phenomenon is demonstrated most dramatically along the area's northern extreme, where the low Superior shoreline is backed by the Outer or Great Conglomerate, which rises 900 feet, then gives way in a 400—foot escarpment to the valley containing Lake of the Clouds and Carp Creek. To the south, this pattern is echoed twice more in subdued form, producing the "mountainous" topography of the Porcu- pines. Glacial drift is thin or absent on the hilltops, but occurs in varying thicknesses on the lower slopes and valleys. The area is equally well known for its vegetation; it supports the most extensive virgin hardwood forest in eastern North America west 149 of the Adirondacks. The forest is dominated over most of its area by Acer saccharum (sugar maple), mingling with Tilia americana (basswood), Tsuga canadensis (hemlock) and Betula allegheniensis (yellow birch). On north-facing slopes, hemlock often moves into dominance and, in places, occurs in almost pure stands. Aiggg strobus (white pine) is important on steep, rocky slopes. Pioneer communities of Aggggf staphylos gygygggi (bearberry), Vaccinium sp. (blueberry) and dwarfed figgg spp. (pine) occur along the crest and cliffs of the front range, giving way to Quercus (oak)-Populus (aspen) forests. Swamps of Iflgig occidentalis (white cedar), LEEii laricina (tamarack), Eiggg'glgggg (white spruce) and Fraxinus gjgrg_(black ash) occupy the flood plains of Carp Creek and other streams. A forest of Populus spp. (aspen) and Bgtglg_papyrifera (paper birch) lies between Lake Superior and M-107, the result of fire within the last fifty years. Also scattered throughout the region are sprout forests of Aggg_saccharum (sugar maple), I:lig_americana (basswood), Betula allegheniensis (yellow birch) and Quercus rubra (red oak), occupying areas once clear-cut. Common mammals in the region include bear, beaver, deer and red squirrel. REFERENCES: Braun, E.L. 1950. Deciduous forests of eastern North America. Hafner. New York. Darlington, H.T. 1931. Vegetation of the Porcupine Mountains, northern Michigan. Pap. Mich. Acad. Sci. 13:9—65; 22:33-68 (1936). Michigan Natural Areas Council. 1979. Reconnaissance, site and other reports Vol. 1 1950-1977. Univ. Microfilms Internat. Ann Arbor. 151 DESIGNATION: Port Huron State Game Area Special Habitats TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 770 LOCATION: Sects. 5, 6, 15—17, 21, 22, 26 & 27, T7N, R16E, St. Clair Co. Port Huron State Game Area PROTECTION: special designation by Wildlife Division, Michigan DNR DATE OF PROTECTION: 1977 OWNERSHIP: State of Michigan ADMINISTRATION: Michigan DNR, Wildlife Division DEVELOPMENTS: none MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: Seven separate tracts are included in the Special Habitat designation. All lie on or near the Black River, which cuts a steep-sided ravine through sandy, glacio—lacustrine sediments. Three of the tracts include Igggg canadensis (hemlock) stands and one supports a mixed conifer forest. Another tract contains deep, forested ravines, and the remaining sites include a rich swamp forest and a combination of old stream beds, flood plain and bluffs. Fox, deer, mink, beaver and weasel are among the many mammal spe- cies present. Birds of the area include northern warblers, scarlet tanager and blue-gray gnatcatcher. REFERENCES: Michigan Natural Areas Council. 1979. Reconnaissance, site and other reports Vol. 1 1950-1977. Univ. Microfilms Internat. Ann Arbor. ADDRESS: Michigan Dept. of Natural Resources Wildlife Division Stevens T. Mason Bldg. Lansing, MI 48909 152 DESIGNATION: Prairie Chicken Management Area TYPE: managed preserve ACREAGE: 1031 LOCATION: Sects. 2, 3, 10 A 14, T20N, R7W, Osceola Co. PROTECTION: special designation by Natural Resources Conmission DATE OF PROTECTION: 1970 OWNERSHIP: State of Michigan ADMINISTRATION: Michigan DNR, Wildlife Division DEVELOPMENTS: observation blind MANAGEMENT: maintenance of nesting and brood cover, controlled burning, mowing, and planting of grasses and food patches GENERAL CHARACTER: The preserve is maintained in an open, prairie-like condition, with trees and high brush largely eliminated. Food patches include corn, buckwheat, millet, oats and wheat. A small but fluctuating population of prairie chickens is currently being maintained. REFERENCES: Amnann, G.A. 1957. The prairie grouse of Michigan. Dept. of Consv. Tech. Bull. Lansing. ADDRESS: Michigan Dept. of Natural Resources Wildlife Division Stevens T. Mason Bldg. Lansing, MI 48909 153 DESIGNATION: Prairie Chicken Nature Sanctuary TYPE: managed preserve ACREAGE: 47 LOCATION: Sect. 3, T20N, R7W, Osceola Co. PROTECTION: ownership by Michigan Nature Association DATE OF PROTECTION: 1971, May 13 OWNERSHIP: Michigan Nature Association ADMINISTRATION: Michigan Nature Association DEVELOPMENTS: none MANAGEMENT: maintenance of nesting and brood cover, controlled burning, mowing and planting of grasses and food patches GENERAL CHARACTER: The preserve occupies a flat, sandy plain with local depressions. Vegetation is mostly open and dominated by Danthonia spicata (poverty oatgrass) and Pteridium aguilinum (bracken). figgglg papyrifera (paper birch) and Populus tremuloides (quaking aspen) occur in scattered clumps. Sedge marshes occupy the local depressions. The area is contiguous with the DNR's Prairie Chichen Management Area, which supports a small population of prairie chickens. Other bird life of the MNA preserve includes American bittern, upland plover, northern yellow-throat and song sparrow. REFERENCES: Michigan Nature Association. 1977. Sanctuary guide. Mich. Nat. Assoc. Mount Clemens. ADDRESS: Michigan Nature Association 124 Miller Mount Clemens, MI 48043 154 DESIGNATION: Presque Isle River Scenic Site TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 1465 LOCATION: Sects 4 & 5, T49N, R45W; Sects. 19, 20, 29-32, T50N, R45W, Gogebic Co. Porcupine Mountains Wilderness State Park PROTECTION: under Michigan's Wilderness and Natural Areas Act (originally by resolution of Natural Resources Commission) DATE OF PROTECTION: 1954, August 13 OWNERSHIP: State of Michigan ADMINISTRATION: Michigan DNR, Parks Division DEVELOPMENTS: foot trails MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: The Presque Isle River flows over the Nonesuch shale here in its lower reaches. Traversing a series of low falls and cas- cades, it then divides into two swifter and narrower channels, cut deeply into the bedrock. Its dark waters empty into Lake Superior along a sandy beach built of the stream's own sediment. Agg: saccharum (sugar maple), Betula allegheniensis (yellow birch) and Tsuga canaden- sis (hemlock) dominate the forest in the area near the falls. Wildlife of the area has not been reported as distinct from that of the Park in general. REFERENCES: Michigan Natural Areas Council. 1979. Reconnaissance, site and other reports Vol. 1 1950-1977. Univ. Microfilms Internat. Ann Arbor. ADDRESS: Michigan Dept of Natural Resources Parks Division Stevens T. Mason Bldg. Lansing, MI 48909 155 DESIGNATION: Proud Lake Nature Study Area TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 105 LOCATION: Sect. 21, T2N, R8E, Oakland Co. Proud Lake Recreation Area PROTECTION: under Michigan's Wilderness and Natural Areas Act (originally by resolution of Natural Resources Commission) DATE OF PROTECTION: 1966, March 8 OWNERSHIP: State of Michigan ADMINISTRATION: Michigan DNR, Parks Division DEVELOPMENTS: foot trail MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: Located upon a pitted outwash plain, the area's out— standing feature is a deep ice-block depression housing a bog lake with a quaking mat. A smaller, shallower lake (Hidden Lake) lies in the east- central portion of the tract and has marshy borders. Both lakes are surrounded by well-drained upland. A combination of Quercus (oak)1§ggyg (hickory) forest and old-field communities occupy the uplands. Swamp forests of Fraxinus giggg (black ash), Quercus bicolor (swamp white oak), Ijljg_americana (basswood), Aggg_:ggggm (red maple) and QlEEE.EEREE (slippery elm) surround the lake-border communities. On the bog mat proper, a Larix laricina (tamarack)-Toxicodendron vernix (poison sumac) swamps backs an open Sphagnum—sedge community, supporting many typical herbaceous and shrub- by bog species. Wildlife of the preserve has not been reported. 156 REFERENCES: Michigan Natural Areas Council. 1979. Reconnaissance, site and other reports Vol. 1 1950-1977. Univ. Microfilms Internat. Ann Arbor. ADDRESS: Michigan Dept. of Natural Resources Parks Division Stevens T. Mason Bldg. Lansing, MI 48909 157 DESIGNATION: Purple Coneflower Plant Preserve TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 21 LOCATION: Sect. 28, T43N, R5W, Mackinac Co. PROTECTION: ownership by Michigan Nature Association DATE OF PROTECTION: 1969, July 28 OWNERSHIP: Michigan Nature Association ADMINISTRATION: Michigan Nature Association DEVELOPMENTS: none MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: This unforested tract on the Niagaran Cuesta supports a probably introduced population of Echinacea pallida (purple cone- flower), a Midwest and Great Plains prairie species. Among the other common plants are Anaphalis margaritacea (pearly everlasting), Monarda fistulosa (wild bergamot) and Hypericum perforatum (St. John's-wort). Flicker, kingbird, catbird, indigo hunting and goldfinch are a few of the birds reported from the preserve. REFERENCES: Michigan Nature Association. 1977. Sanctuary guide. Mich. Nat. Assoc. Mount Clemens. ADDRESS: Michigan Nature Association 1 Miller Mount Clemens, MI 48043 158 DESIGNATION: Rare Fern Plant Preserve TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 25 LOCATION: T43N, R2W, Mackinac Co. PROTECTION: ownership by Michigan Nature Association DATE OF PROTECTION: 1979, May 9 OWNERSHIP: Michigan Nature Association ADMINISTRATION: Michigan Nature Association DEVELOPMENTS: none MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: Located on the dolomitic Niagaran Cuesta, the area is strewn with large limestone boulders and rocky escarpments. The preserve supports a rich Aggg saccharum (sugar maple) forest in which shade-and moisture-loving mosses and ferns abound. Among the many ferns present are Polystichum lonchitis (holly fern), Adiatum pgggggm (maidenhair fern) and Asplenium trichomanes (maidenhair spleenwort). Bear, raven, snowy owl and pileated woodpecker are reported from the general area. REFERENCES: Michigan Nature Association. 1977. Sanctuary guide. Mich. Nat. Assoc. Mount Clemens (leaflet). ADDRESS: Michigan Nature Association 24 Miller Mount Clemens, MI 48043 159 DESIGNATION: Rattlesnake Master Plant Preserve TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 3 LOCATION: Sect. 15, T55, R11W, St. Joseph Co. PROTECTION: ownership by Michigan Nature Association DATE OF PROTECTION: 1977, March 22 OWNERSHIP: Michigan Nature Association ADMINISTRATION: Michigan Nature Association DEVELOPMENTS: dirt road into property MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: This small preserve is situated on glacial outwash with level topography. Vegetation consists of very open Quercus yglg: tina (black oak)-Prunus serotina (black cherry) woodland, and the pre- serve derives its name from the relative abundance of Eryngium yucci— folium (rattlesnake master). Other important herbaceous and shrubby species include Andropogon sc0parius (little bluestem), Carex bick- gglljj_(sedge), Danthonia spicata (poverty grass), Ceanothus americanus (New Jersey Tea) and Lespedeza sp. (bush clover). Wildlife of the preserve has not been reported. REFERENCES: Michigan Nature Association. 1977. Sanctuary guide. Mich. Nat. Assoc. Mount Clemens. ADDRESS: Michigan Nature Association 124 Miller Mount Clemens, MI 48043 160 DESIGNATION: Red Pine Research Natural Area TYPE: natural area preserve/managed preserve ACREAGE: 640 LOCATION: Sects. 11-14, T44N, R14W, Schoolcraft Co. PROTECTION: designation as Research Natural Area by U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service DATE OF PROTECTION: 1948, September 21 OWNERSHIP: U.S. Government ADMINISTRATION: U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, Seney National Wildlife Refuge DEVELOPMENTS: dirt road, waterfowl impoundment MANAGEMENT: waterfowl management on impoundment GENERAL CHARACTER: The sandy former bed of glacial Lake Algonquin forms the basic topography of this preserve. An upland plateau occupies most of the acreage west of the Driggs River, which bisects the property. Adjacent to and east of the river, the water table is at or near the surface, and "T Pool West“, a Refuge waterfowl impoundment, lies in this area. Pine forests cover the upland 200 acres of the preserve, with half dominated by Pinus resinosa (red pine) and half by Pinus banksiana (jack pine). A portion of muskeg invades the tract’s western boundary, but all other wetlands lie along the river itself--where shrub and Eiggg (spruce) swamps prevail--or to the east, where T-Pool is surrounded by omnmmsn Deer, bear, small mammals and various waterfowl are reported from the area. 161 REFERENCES: Federal Committee on Ecological Reserves. 1977. A directory of research natural areas on federal lands of the United States of America. U.S. Govt. Printing Off. Washington, D.C. ADDRESS: Seney National Wildlife Refuge Seney, MI 49883 162 DESIGNATION: Red Wing Acres Nature Sanctuary TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 40 LOCATION: Sect. l7, T8N, R13E, St. Clair Co. PROTECTION: ownership by Michigan Nature Association DATE OF PROTECTION: 1960, December 10 OWNERSHIP: Michigan Nature Association ADMINISTRATION: Michigan Nature Association DEVELOPMENTS: none MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: The tract lies on a sandy glacial lakebed once occupied by cranberry marsh. However, drainage, peat fires and culti- vation in the early 1900's have left a combination of Populus (aspen) upland and §gli§ spp. (willow)-Iyggg angustifolia (cattail) marsh. The preserve harbors a diversity of wildlife, including mink, Massasauga rattlesnake and over 75 species of nesting birds. REFERENCES: Michigan Nature Association. 1977. Sanctuary guide. Mich. Nat. Assoc. Mount Clemens. ADDRESS: Michigan Nature Association 24 Miller Mount Clemens, MI 48043 163 DESIGNATION: Riverbank Sanctuary TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 23 LOCATION: Sect. 34, T42N, R16W, Schoolcraft Co. PROTECTION: ownership by Michigan Audubon Society DATE OF PROTECTION: 1949 OWNERSHIP: Michigan Audubon Society ADMINISTRATION: Michigan Audubon Society DEVELOPMENTS: none MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: The preserve lies on a flat, sandy glacial lake plain and fronts on the Indian River. Eiggg resinosa (red pine) and Eiggg mariana (black spruce) dominate over most of the acreage. However, along the river, Iggjg occidentalis (white cedar), Igggg canadensis (hemlock), Aiggg strobus (white pine) and Agigg balsamea (balsam fir) prevail. Wildlife of the preserve has not been reported. REFERENCES: none ADDRESS: Michigan Audubon Society 000 N. Westnedge Kalamazoo, MI 49001 164 DESIGNATION: Riverbend Natural Area TYPE: natural area preserve/managed preserve ACREAGE: 120 LOCATION: Sect. 31, T3N, R2W; Sect. 6, T2N, R2W, Ingham Co. PROTECTION: resolution by Ingham County Parks Trustees DATE OF PROTECTION: ca. 1976 OWNERSHIP: Ingham County ADMINISTRATION: Ingham County Parks Trustees DEVELOPMENTS: foot trail system, interpretive facility MANAGEMENT: planting for wildlife food and cover in certain areas GENERAL CHARACTER: This preserve borders on the Grand River where it flows through a gently-rolling till plain. Nearly twenty percent of the tract's acreage consists of floodplain. A 2-acre pond occupies the site of a former gravel pit. The preserve's upland forest is a young Aggg saccharum (sugar maple)-fgggg grandifolia (beech) association in which Quercus glgg (white oak), Quercus ggggg (red oak) and Aggggs serotina (black cherry) are also important. A large portion of the tract's upland supports old fields in various stages of succession. Wildlife of the area includes mink, fox, deer and over 120 bird species. REFERENCES: Deming, S. Ingham County Parks Dept. (personal communication)- ADDRESS: Ingham County Park Trustees 301 Bush St. Mason, MI 48854 165 DESIGNATION: Robert Powell Memorial Nature Sanctuary (Bean Creek Nature Sanctuary) TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 55 LOCATION: Sect. 33, T75, RlE, Lenawee Co. PROTECTION: ownership by Michigan Nature Association DATE OF PROTECTION: 1967 OWNERSHIP: Michigan Nature Association ADMINISTRATION: Michigan Nature Association DEVELOPMENTS: foot trail MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: The Sanctuary lies on a till plain near the eastern edge of the Wabash Moraine and is bordered by Bean Creek. Much of the area consists of floodplain. Common tree and shrub species in this lowland forest include Asimina triloba (pawpaw), Aesculus gigggg (Ohio buckeye), Zanthoxylum americanum (prickly ash), Staphylea trifoliata (bladdernut), Populus tremuloides (quaking aspen) and Crataegus spp. (hawthorn). In all, nearly 50 tree and shrub species are known from this relatively small area. REFERENCES: Michigan Nature Association. 1977. Sanctuary guide. Mich. Nat. Assoc. Mount Clemens, Michigan ADDRESS: Michigan Nature Association 4 Miller Mount Clemens, MI 48043 166 DESIGNATION; Robinson Preserve TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 80 LOCATION: Sect. 21, T75, R20W, Berrien Co. PROTECTION: ownership by The Nature Conservancy DATE OF PROTECTION: 1968, November 29 OWNERSHIP: The Nature Concervancy ADMINISTRATION: The Nature Conservancy MANAGEMENT: none DEVELOPMENTS: dirt road, abandoned residence GENERAL CHARACTER: The topography is diverse, consisting of sandy glacial lakebed, low fossil dunes, a deeply cut stream valley and some clayey till plain. Second growth forest and open woodland dominate the pre- serve's once—cultivated ground. Old apple orchards may still be found, but young forests of Aggg_gggggm (red maple), Sassafras albidum (sas- safras), Prunus serotina (black cherry) and Populus grandidentata (big- tooth aspen) cover most of the acreage. A stream—cut ravine--the pre- serve's least—disturbed habitat--supports a fgggg_grandifolia (beech)- ;Aggr saccharum (sugar maple) association. Red fox, opossum and raccoon inhabit the area, as do the yellow- billed cuckoo, scarlet tanager, indigio bunting and red-tailed hawk. REFERENCES: Lindsey, A.A. and L.K. Escobar. 1976. Eastern deciduous forest Vol. 2, Beech—maple region. U.S. Govt. Printing Off. Washington, D.C. ADDRESS: The Nature Conservancy 531 N. Clippert Lansing, MI 48912 167 DESIGNATION: Roscommon Red Pines Nature Study Area TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 160 LOCATION: Sect. 2, T24N, R1W, Roscommon Co. Houghton Lake State Forest PROTECTION: under Michigan's Wilderness and Natural Areas Act (originally by resolution of Natural Resources Conmission) DATE OF PROTECTION: 1966, May 13 OWNERSHIP: State of Michigan ADMINISTRATION: Michigan DNR, Forestry Division DEVELOPMENTS: foot trail MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: The outstanding feature on this flat, sandy tract is a 34 acre grove of virgin Pings resinosa (red pine). The stand contains the national champion red pine, and numerous individuals exceed 28 in. dbh. The soil profile, thought to be largely responsible for this out— standing growth, consists of sand underlain by a thin clay layer, then a second layer of sand. Intermixed with the red pine are Eiggg_strobus (white pine), Quercus spp. (oak) and Eggggg serotina (black cherry). A heavy growth of Eiggg_banksiana (jack pine) surrounds the grove and gives way to an open savannah on the preserve's southeastern corner. Wildlife of the preserve has not been reported. REGERENCES: Michigan Natural Areas Council. 1979. Reconnaissance, site and other reports Vol. 1 1950-1977. Univ. Microfilms Internat. Ann Arbor. ADDRESS: Michigan Dept. of Natural Resources Forestry Division Stevens T. Mason Bldg. Lansing, MI 48909 168 DESIGNATION: Sauk Indian Trail Prairie Plant Preserve TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 0.25 LOCATION: Sect. 7, T85, R10W, St. Joseph Co. PROTECTION: ownership by Michigan Nature Association DATE OF PROTECTION: 1978, May 22 OWNERSHIP: Michigan Nature Association ADMINISTRATION: Michigan Nature Association DEVELOPMENTS: none MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: This preserve, which occupies a triangle of land bordered by highway and railroad, supports a very rich mesic prairie flora. Important species include Ratibida pinnata (yellow coneflower), Amorpha canescens (leadplant), Andropogon spp. (bluestem) and Solidago [jgjgg_(stiff goldenrod). Wildlife of the area has not been reported. REFERENCES: Michigan Nature Association. 1977. Sanctuary guide. Mich. Nat. Assoc. Mount Clemens. ADDRESS: Michigan Nature Association 124 Miller Mount Clemens, MI 48043 169 DESIGNATION: Schmude Memorial Nature Sanctuary TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 55 LOCATION: Sect. 31, T4N, R9E, Oakland Co. PROTECTION: deed restriction DATE OF PROTECTION: 1975, February OWNERSHIP: Independence Land Conservancy ADMINISTRATION: Independence Land Conservancy DEVELOPMENTS: none MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: The tract includes part of a lake and the adjacent lowland. Mature £3511 laricina (tamarack) swamp forest dominates the acreage, with IygAg sp. (cattail) and sedge-grass marsh along the lake margin. Wildlife of the preserve has not been reported. REFERENCES: none ADDRESS: Independence Land Conservancy 2 N. Main St. Clarkston, MI 48016 170 DESIGNATION: Schwark Road Prairie TYPE: managed preserve ACREAGE: 3.6 LOCATION: Sects. 3 & 4, T85, R20W, Berrien Co. PROTECTION: lease by The Nature Conservancy DATE OF PROTECTION: 1978, December OWNERSHIP: AMTRAK ADMINISTRATION: The Nature Conservancy DEVELOPMENTS: none MANAGEMENT: periodic burning and brush removal GENERAL CHARACTER: This railroad right-of-way strip prairie is mesic in nature, with a clay-loam soil and mollic horizon. Common plant species include Andropogon gerardii (big bluestem), Lupinus perennis (wild lupine) and Pycnanthemum virginicum (mountain mint). Wildlife of the preserve has not been reported. REFERENCES: Michigan Natural Areas Council. 1978. AMTRAK prairie remnant recon- naissance report. Ann Arbor (xerox). ADDRESS: The Nature Conservancy 5 1 N. Clippert Lansing, MI 48912 171 DESIGNATION: Seney National Wildlife Refuge TYPE: natural area preserve/managed preserve ACREAGE: 95,455 LOCATION: T44-45N, R13-15W, Schoolcraft Co. PROTECTION: designation as National Wildlife Refuge DATE OF PROTECTION: 1935 OWNERSHIP: U.S. Government ADMINISTRATION: U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service DEVELOPMENTS: artificial impoundments, gravel and dirt roads, foot trails, visitor center, maintenance facilities, picnic area MANAGEMENT: The Refuge is divided into three general management units as follows: 1) Eastern unit (approx. 9000 acres)--intensively managed for waterfowl habitat with impoundments and other water level manipulations; also includes three farm units. 2) Central unit (approx. 14,000 acres)--less intensively managed, with several impoundments and some timber management for wildlife cover; includes two farm units. 3) Western unit (approx. 72,000 acres)-—lightly managed, with few impoundments, limited timber management and one farm unit; includes 25,000-acre Wilderness Area which is unmanaged. (see listing for Seney Wilderness) GENERAL CHARACTER: The topography of Seney National Wildlife Refuge is a product of glacial outwash and inundation by glacial Lake Algonquin, which deposited a veneer of sand over the area. The land slopes from northwest to southeast at a rate of about 8 feet per mile. Dominant geomorphic features are fossil dunes and beach ridges; and except on 172 these features, the water table usually lies at or above the mineral soil surface, creating vast marshes throughout the Refuge. Drainage follows the regional slope by way of several streams which join the Manistique River as it flows through the Refuge's southeast corner. Upland plant communities are concentrated in the southeast and northwest; most prevalent are 313g; banksiana (jack pine), Ping; resinosa (red pine) and mixed conifer associations. Hardwood communi- ties, more limited in extent, are largely Populus (aspen)-dominated. The Manistique Swamp covers over fifty percent of the Refuge's total acreage. Its open marsh or muskeg is dotted with swamp forests of Larix laricina (tamarack) and Picea mariana (black spruce). (See listing for Strangmoor Research Natural Area.) Beaver, mink, muskrat, otter, coyote, fox, bear and bobcat are among the many mammals of the Refuge. Well over 200 bird species are also known from the area. REFERENCES: Bergquist, S. G. 1936. The Pleistocene history of the Tahquamenon and Manistique drainage region 0: the northern peninsula of Michigan. Mich. Geol. Surv. Publ. No. Heinselman, M.L. 1965. String bogs and other patterned organic ter- rain near Seney, Upper Michigan. Ecology 46:185—188. ADDRESS: Seney National Wildlife Refuge Seney, MI 49883 173 DESIGNATION: Seney Wilderness TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 25,150 LOCATION: T44-46N, R15W; T45N, R16W, Schoolcraft Co. Seney National Wildlife Refuge PROTECTION: under Federal Wilderness Act DATE OF PROTECTION: 1970, October 23 OWNERSHIP: U.S. Government ADMINISTRATION: U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, Seney Nat. Wildlife Refuge DEVELOPMENTS: none MANAGEMENT: none. GENERAL CHARACTER: Vast boglands dominate the landscape of the Seney Wilderness. Fossil dunes scattered throughout the area rise above the water table to produce a patterned vegetation or "strangmoor". (See listing for Strangmoor Research Natural Area.) Uplands along the area's northern and western portions support Populus (aspen) and mixed conifer forests which developed following the removal of Eiggs strobus (white pine) and subsequent fires. A wildfire in 1976 again burned most of the area. Several important wildlife species reported form the preserve in- clude eastern timber wolf, bald eagle and moose. Other, more typical, inhabitants are bear, coyote, fox, mink, muskrat, American widgeon and spruce, ruffed and sharp-tailed grouse. Preliminary reports indicate a positive effect of the 1976 fire on wildlife populations and diversity, with production of a habitat mosaic through irregular burning. 174 REFERENCES: Bergquist, S.G. 1936. The Pleistocene history of the Tahquamenon and Manistique drainage region of the northern peninsula of Michigan. Mich. Geol. Surv. Publ. No. 40. Heinselman, M.L. 1965. String bogs and other patterned organic terrain near Seney, Upper Michigan. Ecology 46: 185-188. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 1979. Seney and Huron Island Wilderness Areas, Michigan. U.S. Govt. Printing Off. Washington, D.C. (pamphlet). ADDRESS: Seney National Wildlife Refuge Seney, MI 49883 175 DESIGNATION: Seven Ponds Nature Center TYPE: natural area preserve/managed preserve ACREAGE: 243 LOCATION: Sects. 17 & 20, T6N, R11E, Lapeer Co. PROTECTION: ownership by Michigan Audubon Society DATE OF PROTECTION: 1966 OWNERSHIP: Michigan Audubon Society ADMINISTRATION: Michigan Audubon Society DEVELOPMENTS: interpretive building, staff homes, maintenance barn, foot trails, prairie reconstruction plot MANAGEMENT: burning of prairie plot, planting of food species in waterfowl management area GENERAL CHARACTER: The preserve straddles the boundary between an inter- lobate glacial moraine and low-lying, pitted outwash. A series of small, eutrophic lakes occur on the latter and occupy most of the pre- serve's western half. In the lowland around the lakes, swamp forests of Agg:_:ggggg_(red maple) and Iggjg occidentalis (white cedar) merge with lake-edge thickets of ngggg sp. (dogwood), Iypgg latifolia (cat- tail) and Decodon verticillata (swamp loosestrife). The eastern upland portion of the site supports primarily old fields, with the exception of a ten-acre prairie reconstruction. Over 190 bird species have been sighted on the preserve. A number of small mammals are present, in addition to comnon and rare amphibians. REFERENCES: Hayes, D. Naturalist, Seven Ponds Nature Center (personal communication). ADDRESS: Seven Ponds Nature Center 3854 Crawford Rd. Dryden, MI 48428 176 DESIGNATION: Shadbush Nature Study Area TYPE: natural area preserva ACREAGE: 70 LOCATION: Sect. 29, T3N, R12E, Macomb Co. Rochester-Utica Recreation Area PROTECTION: under Michigan's Wilderness and Natural Areas Act (originally by resolution of Natural Resources Commission) DATE OF PROTECTION: 1966, April 8 OWNERSHIP: State of Michigan ADMINISTRATION: Michigan DNR, Parks Division DEVELOPMENTS: foot trails MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: The tract lies in a broad valley of lake plain/river delta sediments cut by glacial meltwaters. The modern Clinton River now occupies the lowest part of this valley and forms the preserve's eastern boundary. The steep banks of the fossil river valley border the area on the south. A mixed hardwood forest of fgggg_grandifolia (beech), Aggg_saccharum (sugar maple) and Quercus spp. (oak) on these peripheral slopes gives way to a Larix laricina (tamarack)-Thuja occi- dentalis (white cedar)—ngglg allegheniensis (yellow birch) swamp which dominates the preserve's interior. Iypgg (cattail) marsh and wet meadows border the Clinton River. Wildlife of the preserve has not been reported. REFERENCES: Michigan Natural Areas Council. 1979. Reconnaissance, site and other reports Vol. 1 1950—1977. Univ. Microfilms Internat. Ann Arbor. ADDRESS: Michigan Dept. of Natural Resources Parks Division Stevens T. Mason Bldg. Lansing, MI 48909 177 DESIGNATION: Shannon Nature Sanctuary TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 20 LOCATION: Sects. 31 & 32, T4N, R6E, Livingston Co. PROTECTION: ownership by Michigan Nature Association DATE OF PROTECTION: 1977, June OWNERSHIP: Michigan Nature Association ADMINISTRATION: Michigan Nature Association DEVELOPMENTS: foot trail MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: The preserve is geomorphically diverse and includes till plain, glacial outwash and, most widespread, interlobate moraine. The Lake Shannon flooding serves as its western border and North Ore Creek flows through the property. Upland plant communities include hardwood forest, old field and pine plantation. Marshy flood plains flank both Lake Shannon and North Ore Creek. Wildlife of the preserve has not been reported. REFERENCES: Michigan Nature Association. 1977. Sanctuary guide. Mich Nat. Assoc. Mount Clemens. ADDRESS: Michigan Nature Association 1 Miller Mount Clemens, MI 48043 178 DESIGNATION: Shiawassee National Wildlife Refuge TYPE: managed preserve ACREAGE: 8897 LOCATION: T11N, R4E, Saginaw Co. PROTECTION: designation as National Wildlife Refuge DATE OF PROTECTION: 1953 OWNERSHIP: U.S. Government ADMINISTRATION: U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service DEVELOPMENTS: extensive dike system to control flooding, pump stations and water level control structures MANAGEMENT: primarily for waterfowl habitat; cultivation of 1800 acres for wildlife food, maintenance of moist soil units (600 acres), pools (750 acres) and grassland (500 acres) for waterfowl nesting GENERAL CHARACTER: The Refuge lies primarily on the Shiawassee Flats, a former plain of glacial Lake Saginaw, where the Saginaw River is joined by three of its major tributaries--the Cass, Flint and Titabawassee Rivers. A series of Nipissing and Algoman beach ridges lies in the Refuge's northeast corner. These and the valleys of the Saginaw River and its tributaries constitute the only notable geomorphic features; the remainder of the acreage consists of flood plain and undergoes periodic inundation. Hardwood swamp forests of Aggg saccharinum (silver maple), glmgs americana (American elm), Agggigggggg (red maple) and Fraxinus americana (white ash) cover about 35% of the Refuge. The remaining acreage is un— forested except for scattered Sglifi_spp. (willow) and Populus deltoides (cottonwood). Dominants in these marsh and moist soil units include 179 Iyggg spp. (cattail), Polygonum spp. (smartweed), Echinochloa sp. (wild millet), Phalaris arundinacea (reed canary grass), Scirpus spp. (bulrush) and Lythrum salicaria (loosestrife). The Refuge supports a diversity and abundance of wildlife. Deer, red fox, beaver and mink are common mammals. Among the permanent and seasonal birds are great egret, bald eagle, osprey, black-crowned night heron, lapland longspur and whistling swan, to mention only a few. REFERENCES: Environmental Assessment for the Shiawassee National Wildlife Refuge, Saginaw, Michigan (preliminary). Undated (xerox). ADDRESS: Shiawassee National Wildlife Refuge 6975 Mower Rd. R #1 Saginaw, MI 48601 180 DESIGNATION: Snake Island-Mud Lake Nature Study Area TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 244 LOCATION: Sect. 26, T39N, R1W, Mackinac Co. Black Lake State Forest PROTECTION: under Michigan's Wilderness and Natural Areas Act (originally by resolution of Natural Resources Commission) DATE OF PROTECTION: 1955, December 19 OWNERSHIP: State of Michigan ADMINISTRATION: Michigan DNR, Forestry Division DEVELOPMENTS: none MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: Bois Blanc dolomite underlies this preserve, which is a lowland with numerous swamps, ponds and hollows. Mud Lake is in- cluded, as well as frontage on both Lake Thompson and Lake Huron. The small Snake Island is usually connected to the main island by a narrow land bridge. Dominants on this forested tract are Iggjg occidentalis (white cedar) and Aggglg papyrifera (paper birch), variously associated with LEEiA laricina (tamarack), Agjgg_balsamea (balsam fir) and Eiggg glgggg_(white spruce). Evidence of extensive beaver workings exist in the area. REFERENCES: Michigan Natural Areas Council. 1979. Reconnaissance, site and other reports Vol. 1 1950—1977. Univ. Microfilms Internat. Ann Arbor. ADDRESS: Michigan Dept. of Natural Resources Forestry Division Stevens T. Mason Bldg. Lansing, MI 48909 181 DESIGNATION: South Campus Nature Preserve TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 10 LOCATION: TlN, R12E, Macomb Co. City of Warren PROTECTION: resolution by College Trustees DATE OF PROTECTION: 1977, December OWNERSHIP: Macomb County Community College ADMINISTRATION: South Campus Biology Department DEVELOPMENTS: foot trails, artificial lake MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: The preserve is located on a plain of glacial lake clays. A pond which was filled by the College prior to dedication has been replaced by a recently excavated one-half acre lake, in the hope of attracting migratory waterfowl. The site is forested with a fgggg grandifolia (beech)—Aggg saccharum (sugar maple) association which includes Agglggs giggg (black walnut), Juglans cinerea (butter- nut) and Carya ovata (shagbark hickory). Squirrel, raccoon, horned owl and finches are among the wildlife reported from the area. REFERENCES: Arnfield, E.A. Macomb County Community College, South Campus Biology Department (personal communication). ADDRESS: Biology Department Macomb County Comm. College, South Campus 14500 12 Mile Rd. Warren, MI 48093 182 DESIGNATION: South Island TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 13 LOCATION: Sect. 27, T27N, R12W, Grand Traverse Co. PROTECTION: ownership by Long Lake Preservation Association DATE OF PROTECTION: 1978, September 1 OWNERSHIP: Long Lake Preservation Association ADMINISTRATION: Long Lake Preservation Association DEVELOPMENTS: foot trail MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: South Island is one of several islands in Long Lake, which lies in an area of glacial outwash southwest of Traverse City. The island supports a forest which includes Igggg canadensis (hemlock), fgggg grandifolia (beech), Aggg_ggggmg (red maple) and Biggg_strobus (white pine). Wildlife of the preserve has not been reported. REFERENCES: Strong, C. President, Long Lake Preservation Association (personal communication). ADDRESS: Long Lake Preservation Association 1 1 E. State St. Traverse City, MI 49684 183 DESIGNATION: St. Clair-Former Schenck Woods Nature Sanctuary TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 124 LOCATION: Sects. 16 & 17, T6N, R16E, St. Clair Co. PROTECTION: ownership by Michigan Nature Association (resolution by Detroit Audubon Society) DATE OF PROTECTION: 1977, May OWNERSHIP: Michigan Nature Association (49 acres) Detroit Audubon Society (75 acres) ADMINISTRATION: Michigan Nature Association Detroit Audubon Society DEVELOPMENTS: none MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: Glaciolacustrine sediments slope gently to the south in this low-lying tract, near which the Pine River flows. It supports a rich, moist woods of fgggg_grandifolia (beech), Igggg canadensis (hemlock) and figgglg allegheniensis (yellow birch) with a dense spring flora. Wildlife of the preserve has not been reported. REFERENCES: Daubendiek, B.A. Michigan Nature Association (personal communication). ADDRESS: Michigan Nature Association 124 Miller Mount Clemens, MI 48043 184 DESIGNATION: Strangmoor Bog Research Natural Area TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 640 LOCATION: Sect. 33, T45N, R15W, Schoolcraft Co. Seney National Wildlife Refuge PROTECTION: designation as Research Natural Area by U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service DATE OF PROTECTION: 1966 OWNERSHIP: U.S. Government ADMINISTRATION: U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, Seney National Wildlife Refuge DEVELOPMENTS: none MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: Now part of the larger Strangmoor Bog National Natural Landmark (9500 acres), the preserve consists of Algonquin lake bed inclined slightly to the southeast, and strewn with fossil dunes and sandbars lying perpendicular to the regional drainage. Vegetation is patterned into bands which parallel that slope, producing "string bog" or strangmoor. A primarily boreal phenomenon, strangmoor reaches its southernmost North American occurrence here at Seney. Fossil dunes support Pinus resinosa (red pine)-Pinus strobus (white pine) associations, which grade downslope (local and regional) into "tails" of hog forest dominated by £3515 laricina (tamarack). Separa- ting these scattered knolls and tails of forest are linear expanses of open bogland, which themselves are often crossbanded by low ridges of Betula pumila (swamp birch), Potentilla fruticosa (shrubby cinquefoil) and Salix spp. (willow). The intervening lower strips or "flarks" are 185 dominated by characteristic herbaceous bog species. Although this area was largely burned in the 1976 fire, leaving little living vege— tation, it should be noted that fire is a normal and not uncommon com— ponent of many natural ecosystems, and will serve merelv to retard suc- cession. without radically altering its course. Animals inhabiting the area include deer, bear, fox, mink and muskrat. REFERENCES: Federal Committee on Ecological Reserves. 1977. A directory of re- search natural areas on federal lands of the United States of America. U.S. Govt. Printing Off. Washington, D.C. Heinselman, M.L. 1965. String bogs and other patterned organic ter- rain near Seney, Upper Michigan. Ecology 46:185-188. ADDRESS: Seney National Wildlife Refuge Seney, MI 49883 186 DESIGNATION: Sturgeon Bay-Sucker Creek Natural Area Preserve TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 550 LOCATION: Sects. 28, 29, 32 & 33, T39N, R5W, Emmet Co. Wilderness State Park PROTECTION: dedicated under administrative authority of Natural Resources Commission DATE OF PROTECTION: 1951, April 19 OWNERSHIP: State of Michigan ADMINISTRATION: Michigan DNR, Parks Division DEVELOPMENTS: dirt road MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: The topography of the preserve was formed by the re- ceding shore of ancestral Lake Michigan, which left a series of parallel beach ridges with intervening swales. A strip of active dunes forms the modern shore. Big Sucker and Little Sucker Creeks flow through the tract, the latter forming its northern boundary. The inland is forested with Alggg spp. (pine) on the ridges and supports marsh, shrub swamp and bog forest in the swales. Swamp hard- woods border some sections of Big Sucker Creek, and include Fraxinus giggg (black ash), Aggg_:gbggm (red maple) and Ulmgg americana (elm). On the active shore dunes, scattered Eiggg strobus (white pine) and Iggjg occidentalis (white cedar) back a foredune of Ammophila breviligulata (beach grass), Elymgg canadensis (wild rye) and other dune species. Wildlife reported from the Park in general includes red-breasted nuthatch, magnolia warbler, tree swallow, pileated woodpecker, parula 187 warbler, beaver, bear and water shrew. REFERENCES: Michigan Natural Areas Council. 1979. Reconnaissance, site and other reports Vol. 1 1950-1977. Univ. Microfilms Internat. Ann Arbor. ADDRESS: Michigan Dept. of Natural Resources Parks Division Stevens T. Mason Bldg. Lansing, MI 48909 188 DESIGNATION: Sylvania Recreation Area Botanical Zone TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 5072 LOCATION: T44N, R4OW, Gogebic Co. Sylvania Recreation Area PROTECTION: special designation by U.S. Forest Service DATE OF PROTECTION: 1968, December 5 OWNERSHIP: U.S. Government ADMINISTRATION: U.S. Forest Service DEVELOPMENTS: foot trails MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: Sylvania lies on a broad glacial moraine deposited by the Lake Superior ice lobe. The hummocky nature of the moraine contributes to a gently rolling topography with numerous lakes. The knolls and slopes are heavily wooded, many with largely unlogged climax forests of Aggg saccharum (sugar maple), Eggglg_allegheniensis (yellow birch), Ijljg_americana (basswood) and Igggg_canadensis (hem- lock), with intermixed Ejggg strobus (white pine). Drier uplands are often dominated by Pinus resinosa (red pine) and Pinus strobus (white pine). Several bogs are also present, with the usual assemblages of characteristic species, including Ejggg mariana (black spruce) and Iggig occidentalis (white cedar). Wildlife of the preserve has not been reported. REFERENCES: Voss, E.G. University of Michigan Herbarium (personal communication). ADDRESS: District Forest Ranger Ottawa National Forest Watersmeet, MI 49969 189 DESIGNATION; Tahquamenon Falls State Park Natural Area TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 2265 LOCATION: T49N, R7W, Chippewa Co.; T49N, R8W, Luce Co. Tahquamenon Falls State Park PROTECTION: under Michigan's Wilderness and Natural Areas Act (originally by resolution of Natural Resources Commission) DATE OF PROTECTION: 1954, August 13 OWNERSHIP: State of Michigan ADMINISTRATION: Michigan DNR, Parks Division DEVELOPMENTS: foot trails MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: The Tahquamenon River emerges from its swampy course north of the Newberry Moraine to flow over a ledge of Cambrian sand- stone at the Upper Falls, then through a gorge of the same material to the Lower Falls. The bedrock on either side of the river is veneered with drift of the Munising Morainal complex, rising to elevations of 800 feet. The moraine is characterized by a rolling topography of knolls and basins, the latter sometimes occupied by lakes or swamps. Near the river, the uplands are dissected with deep ravines cut by tributary streams. The entire moraine in this region was inundated by the waters of glacial Lake Algonquin. The morainal uplands support mature northern hardwood forests dominated by fgggg_grandifolia (beech) and Agg: saccharum (sugar maple). Variations include co-dominance of Eggglg_allegheniensis (yellow birch) and Igggg_canadensis (hemlock), an abundance of Eiggg strobus (white pine), and almost pure stands of Tsuga canadensis (hemlock). A 190 spectrum of mesic and bog forests occupy poorly-drained depressions. These range from Betula allegheniensis-(yellow birch)—I§ggg_canadensis (hemlock)-Agg:_gggggg (red maple) associations to Ejggg sp. (spruce)- IAgjg occidentalis (white cedar) swamps. Wildlife of the preserve has not been reported. REFERENCES: Bergquist, S.G. 1930. Surface geology of Luce County, Michigan. Pap. Mich. Acad. Sci. 14:437—452. Braun, E.L. 1950. Deciduous forests of eastern North America. Hafner. New York. Leverett, F. 1928. Moraines and shorelines of the Lake Superior basin. U.S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Paper No. 154. Michigan Natural Areas Council. 1979. Reconnaissance, site and other reports Vol. 1 1950—1977. Univ. Microfilms Internat. Ann Arbor. ADDRESS: Michigan Dept. of Natural Resources Parks Division Stevens T. Mason Bldg. Lansing, MI 48909 191 DESIGNATION: Thompson Road Prairie TYPE: managed preserve ACREAGE: 1.1 LOCATION: Sect. 5, T7S, RISN; Sect. 32, T65, R16W, Cass Co. PROTECTION: lease by The Nature Conservancy DATE OF PROTECTION: 1978, December OWNERSHIP: AMTRAK ADMINISTRATION: The Nature Conservancy DEVELOPMENTS: none MANAGEMENT: periodic burning and brush removal GENERAL CHARACTER: This mesic strip prairie is rich in species diversity. Among the many common species are Andropogon gerardii (big bluestem), Ratibida pinnata (yellow coneflower), Silphium terebinthinaceum (prairie dock), Sorghastrum nutans (Indian grass) and Solidago [jgigg (stiff goldenrod). Wildlife of the preserve has not been reported. REFERENCES: Michigan Natural Areas Council. 1978. AMTRAK prairie remnant reconnaissance report. Ann Arbor (xerox . ADDRESS: The Nature Conservancy 531 N. Clippert Lansing, MI 48912 I92 DESIGNATION: Thompson's Harbor Natural Area TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 260 LOCATION: Sects. 11 & 14, T34N, R7E, Presque Isle Co. Alpena State Forest PROTECTION: under Michigan's Wilderness and Natural Areas Act DATE OF PROTECTION: 1979, February 6 OWNERSHIP: State of Michigan ADMINISTRATION: Michigan DNR, Forestry Division DEVELOPMENTS: none MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: The underlying Dundee Formation is evidenced only by a narrow limestone shore, with the remainder of the tract veneered by dune sand. The latter lends a rolling dune and swale topography, especially near the shore. The high, narrow foredune possesses a typical sand flora, and is backed by a forest of Thula occidentalis (white cedar), Pinus resinosa (red pine) and Pigea‘glauga_(white spruce). Farther inland, Eetula papyrifera (paper birch) and Populus spp. (aspen) become dominant. Wildlife of the Preserve has not been reported. REFERENCES: none ADDRESS: Michigan Dept. of Natural Resources Forestry Division Stevens T. Mason Bldg. Lansing, MI 48909 193 DESIGNATION: Timberland Swamp Nature Sanctuary TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 245 LOCATION: Sects. 27 & 34, T4N, R8E, Oakland Co. PROTECTION: ownership by Michigan Nature Association DATE OF PROTECTION: 1967 OWNERSHIP: Michigan Nature Association ADMINISTRATION: Michigan Nature Association DEVELOPMENTS: foot trail MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: Situated on an outwash plain sloping to the south, Timberland Swamp is a relatively flat, low-lying tract which undergoes extensive spring flooding from numerous springs and small streams. Nearly the entire preserve is wooded with a patchwork of hardwood swamp and Fagus grandifolia (beech)-Ag§£ saccharum (sugar maple) forest, mostly secondary, but with a scattering of large virgin trees. The swamp forest is dominated by Fraxinus spp. (ash), Tili§_americana (basswood), E23211 allegheniensis (yellow birch) and Ag§r_spp. (maple). A marsh including Iyphg_latifolia (cattail), Solidago spp. (goldenrod) and Eupatorium spp. (joe-pye-weed) occupies the preserve's northeastern corner. Wildlife of the area includes opossum, fox, mink, ruffed grouse, great horned owl and hairy and red-belIied woodpecker. REFERENCES: Michigan Nature Association. 1977. Sanctuary guide. Mich. Nat. Assoc. Mount Clemens. ADDRESS: Michigan Nature Association 124 Miller Mount Clemens, MI 48043 194 DESIGNATION: Tobico Marsh TYPE: managed preserve ACREAGE: 1652 LOCATION: Sects. 13, 14, 23-25, T15N, R4E, Sects. 19 & 30, T15N, R5E Bay Co. Tobico Marsh State Game Area PROTECTION: dedicated under administrative authority of Natural Resources Commission DATE OF PROTECTION: 1966, December 19 OWNERSHIP: State of Michigan ADMINISTRATION: Michigan DNR, Wildlife Division DEVELOPMENTS: dike and wier at south end MANAGEMENT: water level control GENERAL CHARACTER: Tobico Marsh is bounded on the west by Nipissing beach ridges and on the east by modern beach ridges. About one-quarter of the preserve is inundated or marshy. The vascular flora of the open lagoon is typified by species of Ceratophyllum (hornwort), Myriophyllum (water milfoil), Potomageton (pondweed) and Lemfla (duckweed). Masses of Iypha angustifolia (cattail) from the surrounding marsh often detach to become free-floating mats. Other marsh components include Scirpus spp. (bulrush), Salix spp. (wil- low), Pontederia cordata (pickerelweed), Carex spp. (sedge) and Onoclea sensibilis (sensitive fern). The fossil beach ridges to the west are forested with Pinus strobus (white pine), Quercus spp. (oak), Age: spp. (maple), Populus sp. (aspen) and getula papyrifera (paper birch). Intervening wetpannes support swamp forests of Fraxinus gjgra (black ash), Acer rubrum (red maple) and Nyssa sylvatica (pepperidge). 195 Common wildlife in the lagoon and marsh include terns, great blue heron, least bittern, belted kingfisher, ruddy duck, muskrat, numerous turtle species and leopard frog. REFERENCES: Michigan Natural Areas Council. 1979.‘ Reconnaissance, site and other reports Vol. 1 1950-1977. Univ. Microfilms Internat. Ann Arbor. ADDRESS: Michigan Dept. of Natural Resources ' Wildlife Division Stevens T. Mason Bldg. Lansing, MI 48909 196 DESIGNATION: Toumey Woodlot TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 14 LOCATION: Sect. 30, T4N, R1W, Ingham Co. PROTECTION: resolution by Dept. of Forestry, Michigan State University DATE OF PROTECTION: 1939 OWNERSHIP: Michigan State University ADMINISTRATION: Department of Forestry DEVELOPMENTS: none MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: This preserve, which lies on glacial till, supports an essentially virgin faggs grandifolia (beech)-Aggr saccharum (sugar maple) forest. Numerous individuals exceed 2 feet dbh. and are from 200 to 300 years old. Associated species include Ulmgs spp. (elm), Tilia americana (basswood), Quercus rubra (red oak) and Prunus serotina (black cherry). Wildlife of the preserve has not been reported. REFERENCES: Schneider, G. 1966. A twenty-year ecological investigation in a rela— tively undisturbed sugar maple-beech stand in southern Michigan. Res. Bull. 15, Mich. Agr. Expt. Sta. ADDRESS: Department of Forestry Michigan State University East Lansing, MI 48824 197 DESIGNATION: Trillium Trail Nature Sanctuary TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 20 LOCATION: Sect. 35, T6N, R14E, St. Clair Co. PROTECTION: ownership by Michigan Nature Association DATE OF PROTECTION: 1963 OWNERSHIP: Michigan Nature Association ADMINISTRATION: Michigan Nature Association DEVELOPMENTS: foot trail MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: Situated on a narrow strip of waterlaid moraine in southern St. Clair County, the tract is primarily upland. Deciduous forest and old fields share this upland, while a Larix laricina (tamarack) fen occupies the extreme southeastern corner. Wildlife of the preserve has not been reported. REFERENCES: Michigan Nature Association. 1977. Sanctuary guide. Mich. Nat. Assoc. Mount Clemens. ADDRESS: Michigan Nature Association 4 Miller Mount Clemens, MI 48043 198 DESIGNATION: Two Wilderness Islands Nature Sanctuary TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 15 LOCATION: Delta Co. PROTECTION: ownership by Michigan Nature Association DATE OF PROTECTION: 1979, January 10 OWNERSHIP: Michigan Nature Association ADMINISTRATION: Michigan Nature Association DEVELOPMENTS: none MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: These adjacent islands in Lake Michigan consist of limestone gravel of the Niagaran Cuesta. The smaller of the two islands is sparsely vegetated but supports large colonies of Caspian tern and herring gull, in addition to some double crested cormorants. On the larger island, a forest of Ihgia occidentalis (white cedar), Egtula papyrifera (paper birch) and Ulmu§_americana (elm) supports a colony of black-crowned night herons, while many herring gulls nest on the beaches. REFERENCES: Michigan Nature Association. 1979. Two Wilderness Islands Nature Sanctuary. Mich. Nat. Assoc. Mount Clemens (leaflet). ADDRESS: Michigan Nature Association 124 Miller Mount Clemens, MI 48043 199 DESIGNATION; Union Springs Scenic Site TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 160 LOCATION: Sect. 20, T51N, R42W, Ontonagon Co. Porcupine Mountains Wilderness State Park PROTECTION: under Michigan's Wilderness and Natural Areas Act DATE OF PROTECTION: 1976, May 10 OWNERSHIP: State of Michigan ADMINISTRATION: Michigan DNR, Parks Division DEVELOPMENTS: foot trails MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: The primary feature of this preserve is Union Spring, the second largest natural spring in the state. The site occupies a relatively low area in the Porcupines and Ibu;a_occidentalis (white cedar) swamp surrounds the spring and its resultant stream. In the adjacent uplands, Populus spp. (aspen) dominate a young successional forest. Beaver workings are evident along the stream, but other wildlife has not been described apart from that of the Park in general. (See Porcupine Mountains Wilderness Area.) REFERENCES: none ADDRESS: Michigan Dept. of Natural Resources Parks Division Stevens T. Mason Bldg. Lansing, MI 48909 200 DESIGNATION: Upson Lake Nature Sanctuary TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 88 LOCATION: Sect. 36, T59N, R30W, Keweenaw Co. PROTECTION: ownership by Michigan Nature Association DATE OF PROTECTION: 1977, January 13 OWNERSHIP: Michigan Nature Association ADMINISTRATION: Michigan Nature Association DEVELOPMENTS: foot trail MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: This tract lies in the valley of weathered volcanic rock between the Outer and Great Conglomerates, with Upson Lake occu- pying the lowest portion of that valley. An emergent aquatic community of nghar variegatum (bullhead lily), Nymphaea odorata (fragrant water lily), Lvsimachia terrestris (swamp loosestrife), Myrica gale (sweet gale) and Chamaedaphne calyculata (leatherleaf) skirts the lake's wes- tern margin. Backing this water's edge community is an Abies balsamea (balsam fir)-Picea glauca (white spruce)-Larix laricina (tamarack) swamp which gives way to Pinus resinosa (red pine) on the adjoining upland. Wildlife of the preserve has not been reported. REFERENCES: Michigan Nature Association. 1977. Sanctuary guide. Mich. Nat. Assoc. Mount Clemens. ADDRESS: Michigan Nature Association 1 4 Miller Mount Clemens, MI 48043 DESIGNATION: Vermilion Point TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 9.7 LOCATION: Sect. 2, T50N, R7W, Chippewa Co. PROTECTION: deed restriction DATE OF PROTECTION: 1976, December 21 OWNERSHIP: Lake Superior State College ADMINISTRATION: Lake Superior State College DEVELOPMENTS: abandoned Coast Guard Rescue Station MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: The property fronts on Lake Superior with a broad sandy beach. Inland, fossil beach ridges and intervening swales create a linearly patterned topography. The former support hemlock-mixed hard- wood forests, while the swales are dominated by bog species, including Carex spp. (sedge), Eriophorum spp. (cotton-grass) and Vaccinium spp. (cranberry). Wildlife of the preserve has not been reported in detail. REFERENCES: none ADDRESS: Lake Superior State College Sault St. Marie, MI 49783 202 DESIGNATION: Vorhees Brothers Wildlife Sanctuary TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 40 LOCATION: Sect. 25, T15, R5W, Calhoun Co. PROTECTION: ownership by Michigan Audubon Society DATE OF PROTECTION: 1948 OWNERSHIP: Michigan Audubon Society ADMINISTRATION: Michigan Audubon Society DEVELOPMENTS: none MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: The preserve borders a moraine of the Charlotte complex and has a sloping upland topography with several deeply cut ravines. A mature, possibly virgin, forest dominated by Aggr_saccharum (sugar maple), Quercus spp. (oak) and Prunus serotina (black cherry) covers the site, and includes some unusually large individual trees. Other tree species present include Fagus grandifolia (beech), C3311 spp. (hickory), Tilia americana (basswood) and Liriodendron tulipifera (tuliptree). Wildlife of the preserve has not been reported in detail. REFERENCES: Reed, D. Michigan Audubon Society (personal communication). ADDRESS: Michigan Audubon Society 7000 N. Westnedge Kalamazoo, MI 49001 203 DESIGNATION: Wagner Falls Scenic Site TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 23 LOCATION: Sect. 14, T46N, R19W, Alger Co. PROTECTION: under Michigan's Wilderness and Natural Areas Act (originally by resolution of Natural Resources Commission) DATE OF PROTECTION: 1956, November 9 OWNERSHIP: State of Michigan ADMINISTRATION: Michigan DNR, Parks Division DEVELOPMENTS: foot trail MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: Wagner Creek has cut deeply through the drift of the Munising Moraine to flow over a siliceous dolomite underlain by a weak Cambrian sandstone. The stream traverses these formations in a series of low falls, with a total drop of about 150 feet. A climax northern hardwood forest occupies part of the drift-covered upland, in company with some young hardwood stands. Important species in these associa- tions include Acer saccharum (sugar maple), Betula allegheniensis (yellow birch) and Tsuga canadensis (hemlock). Wildlife of the preserve has not been reported. REFERENCES: Michigan Natural Areas Council. 1979. Reconnaissance, site and other reports Vol. 1 1950-1977. Univ. Microfilms Internat. Ann Arbor. ADDRESS: Michigan Dept of Natural Resources Parks Division Stevens T. Mason Bldg. Lansing, MI 48909 204 DESIGNATION: Warren Dunes Nature Study Area TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 488 LOCATION: Sects. 25 & 26, T65, R20W, Berrien Co. Warren Dunes State Park PROTECTION: under Michigan's Wilderness and Natural Areas Act (originally by resolution of Natural Resources Commission) DATE OF PROTECTION: 1966, April 8 OWNERSHIP: Warren Foundation (leased by State of Michigan) ADMINISTRATION: Michigan DNR, Parks Division DEVELOPMENTS: foot trails MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: The Warren Dunes include both active, modern dunes and a complex of stabilized fossil dunes of Algonquin, Nipissing and Algoman age. Several blowouts, the largest of which is the Great Warren Dune, invade the forested hills. A typical sand flora occupies the active dunes along Lake Michigan. In the dune forests, Quercus rubra (red oak), Quercus alba (white oak), Tilia americana (basswood) and Prunus serotina (black cherry) dominate the ridges, while Age: saccharum (sugar maple), faggs grandifolia (beech) and Isuga canadensis (hemlock) prevail in the adjacent deep valleys. Wildlife of the preserve has not been reported. REFERENCES: Michigan Natural Areas Council. 1979. Reconnaissance, site and other reports Vol. 1 1950-1977. Univ. Microfilms Internat. Ann Arbor. Tague, G.C. 1977. The post-glacial geology of the Grand Marais Embay- ment in Berrien County, Michigan. Mich. Geol. Surv. Publ. No. 45, Pt. 1 206 DESIGNATION: Warren Woods Nature Study Area TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 179 LOCATION: Sect. 27, T75, R20W, Berrien Co. Warren Dunes State Park PROTECTION: under Michigan's Wilderness and Natural Areas Act (originally by resolution of Natural Resources Commission) DATE OF PROTECTION: 1966, April 8 OWNERSHIP: Warren Foundation (leased by State of Michigan) ADMINISTRATION: Michigan DNR, Parks Division DEVELOPMENTS: foot trails MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: Warren Woods lies on a gently rolling till plain into which the Galien River has cut deeply to create a diverse topography. A narrow flood plain borders the river and extends into some of the associa- ted ravines. The upland supports a fine example of essentially virgin beech- maple climax forest. Intermixed with the dominants--Eagus grandifolia (beech) and Age:_saccharum (sugar maple)—-are Ulmus_americana (elm), Quercus rub:a_(red oak) and Prunu§_serotina (black cherry). The lowland and flood plain associations are more diverse, and include Acer rubrum (red maple), Ijlja_americana (basswood), Platanus occidentalis (sycamore) and Fraxinus americana (white ash), as well as the upland forest domi- nants. Small mammals typical of the region, such as raccoon, muskrat, skunk and opossum, are common in the woods. Resident birds include 207 woodpecker, sapsucker, creeper, nuthatch and pewee. REFERENCES: Billington, C. 1924. The flowering plants and ferns of Warren Woods, Berrien County, Michigan. Pap. Mich. Acad. Sci. 4:81-109. Cain, S.A. 1935. Studies on virgin hardwood forest; III. Warren Woods, a beech-maple climax forest in Berrien County, Michigan. Ecology 16:500-513. Michigan Natural Areas Council. 1979. Reconnaissance, site and other reports Vol. 1 1950-1977. Univ. Microfilms Internat. Ann Arbor. ADDRESS: Michigan Dept. of Natural Resources Parks Division Stevens T. Mason Bldg. Lansing, MI 48909 208 DESIGNATION: Waterloo Black Spruce Bog Nature Study Area TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 40 LOCATION: Sect. 16, T1S, R2E, Jackson Co. Waterloo Recreation Area PROTECTION: under Michigan's Wilderness and Natural Areas Act (originally by resolution of Natural Resources Commission) DATE OF PROTECTION: 1987, July 14 OWNERSHIP: State of Michigan ADMINISTRATION: Michigan DNR, Parks Division DEVELOPMENTS: none MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: The preserve lies on a glacial outwash plain and in- cludes the southern portion of a large ice-block depressibn whiCh has been completely filled through bog succession. AEEE.£EE£!E (red maple) and Quercus rubra (red oak) dominate the moist upland surrounding the bog proper, which supports one of the southernmost known occurrences of Pigea_mariana (black spruce) swamp forest. Larix laricina (tamarack) is also important here as are Vaccinium corymbosum (blueberry), Toxicodendron vernix (poison sumac), Chamaedaphne calyculata (leatherleaf) and Aronia prunifolia (choke- berry), which form an almost impenetrable understory. Wildlife of the preserve has not been reported. REFERENCES: Michigan Natural Areas Council. 1979. Reconnaissance, site and other reports Vol. 1 1950-1977. Univ. Microfilms Internat. Ann Arbor. Ulrich, K.E. 1979. Net productivity and biomass of a mature southern 210 DESIGNATION: Waugoshance Point Nature Study Preserve TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 250 LOCATION: Sects. 23 & 24, T39N, R5W, Emmet Co. Wilderness State Park PROTECTION: dedicated under administrative authority of Natural Resources Commission DATE OF PROTECTION: 1951, April 19 OWNERSHIP: State of Michigan ADMINISTRATION: Michigan DNR, Parks Division DEVELOPMENTS: foot trails, cabin MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: Waugoshance Point, perched upon a mound of glacial drift, is characterized on the south by scarely emergent gravel shores, and on the north by low dunes and sandy beaches with constantly evol- ving offshore bars and dune pools. The wet gravel shores support Lobelia kahnii (Kalm's lobelia), Selaginella spp., Castilleja coccinea (Indian paintbrush), Habenaria spp. (orchis) and Parnassia glauga (grass-of—Parnassus). On the sandy beaches, a typical dune flora occupies the upland and in the beach pools, Triglochin maritimum (arrow-grass) and Cladium mariscoides (twig rush) are common. The upland interior is forested with mixed hardwoods and conifers, while Thuja_occidentalis (white cedar) and Pigea_glauca (white spruce) dominate low areas. Birds are particularly abundant on the Point; piping plover, American bittern, nighthawk, bald eagle, common tern and spotted sand- piper are reported to nest here. Mammals reported from the Park in I 211 general include small red and northern flying squirrels, beaver and water shrew. REFERENCES: Michigan Natural Areas Council. 1979. Reconnaissance, site and other reports Vol. 1 1950—1977. Univ. Microfilms Internat. Ann Arbor. ADDRESS: Michigan Dept. of Natural Resources Parks Division Stevens T. Mason Bldg. Lansing, MI 48909 212 DESIGNATION: West Wequetonsing Nature Preserve TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 15 LOCATION: Sect. 18, T35N, R5W, Emmet Co. PROTECTION: ownership by The Nature Conservancy DATE OF PROTECTION: 1973, December 14 OWNERSHIP: The Nature Conservancy ADMINISTRATION: Little Traverse Conservancy (lessee) DEVELOPMENTS: none MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: The preserve lies on glacio-lacustrine sediments at the base of a steeply wave-cut Nipissing bluff. Drainage is trapped below the surficial sandy soil by a bed of clay to produce moisture conditions which support a hardwood-conifer swamp. Important species in this stand, thought to be largely virgin, include Isuga canadensis (hemlock), Betula allegheniensis (yellow birch) and Thuja occidentalis (white cedar). Several small areas of Iypha angustifolia (cattail) swamp also exist within the preserve. Wildlife of the preserve includes flying squirrel and pileated woodpecker. REFERENCES: Stanley, K.P. 1978. West Wequetonsing Nature Preserve master plan. The Nature Conservancy, Michigan Field Office. Lansing (xerox). ADDRESS: Little Traverse Conservancy, Inc. Room 159, Administration Bldg. North Central Michigan Bldg. 1515 Howard St. Petoskey, MI 49770 213 IDESIGNATION: White Pigeon River Nature Sanctuary TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 58 LOCATION: Sects. 10, 15 & 16, T85, R12W, St. Joseph Co. PROTECTION: ownership by Michigan Nature Association DATE OF PROTECTION: 1974, August OWNERSHIP: Michigan Nature Association ADMINISTRATION: Michigan Nature Association DEVELOPMENTS: foot trail MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: The preserve lies on the flood plain of the White Pigeon River where it traverses glacial outwash in the southwestern corner of St. Joseph County. The river winds in an ever-evolving course, creating lagoons, abandoned channels and numerous "islands" within the Sanctuary. The tract is wooded on the upland with Quercus (oak)—Earya (hic- kory) association and on the lowland flood plain with a diverse swamp forest that includes Platanus occidentalis (sycamore), Fraxinus spp. (ash), Quercus bicolor (swamp white oak) and Ulmus rubra (slippery elm), among many other species. Immediately bordering the river are Salix spp. (willow), Cephalanthus occidentalis (buttonbush) and Saururus cernuus (lizard's tail). The property's southern extension supports an old-field community. Over 55 bird species are reported to nest within the preserve. These include great blue heron, green heron, prothonotary warbler, acadian flycatcher, indigo bunting and cerulean warbler. Fox squirrel, woodchuck, opossum, skunk and muskrat are mammals common to the preserve. (:‘Ienlens, MI 48043 215 DESIGNATION: White Pine Public Use Natural Area TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 30 LOCATION: Sect. 33, T45N, R13W, Schoolcraft Co. PROTECTION: designation as Public Use Natural Area by U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service DATE OF PROTECTION: 1977, March 16 OWNERSHIP: U.S. Government ADMINISTRATION: U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, Seney National Wildlife Refuge DEVELOPMENTS: none MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: This sandy, upland site supports an old-growth Ejlys_strobus (white pine) forest, which typifies the pre-logging vegetation of the region. A small stream flows through the site. Wildlife of the preserve has not been reported. REFERENCES: none ADDRESS: Seney National Wildlife Refuge Seney, MI 49883 216 DESIGNATION: William P. Holliday Forest and Wildlife Preserve TYPE: natural area preserve/managed preserve ACREAGE: 500 LOCATION: Sects. 1 & 12, T25, R8E; Sect. 33, T18, R9E; Sects. 4-8, T25, R9E, Wayne Co. PROTECTION: deed restriction DATE OF PROTECTION: 1958 OWNERSHIP: Wayne County ADMINISTRATION: Wayne County Road Commission DEVELOPMENTS: foot trail system, shelters at selected sites MANAGEMENT: periodic burning of limited prairie areas GENERAL CHARACTER: The preserve lies on a sandy former glacial lakebed, and is bisected by Tonquish Creek which flows toward the east. Mesic and swamp hardwood forests in various stages of succession dominate the preserve. Quercus alba_(white oak), Fraxinus americana (white ash), Aggr spp. (maple), faggs grandifolia (beech), Cary§_spp. (hickory) and Tilia americana (basswood) are fairly comnon throughout. In the wettest flood plain areas, Cornus spp. (dogwood), Carpinus caroliniana (hornbeam) and Crataegus sp. (hawthorn) form dense shrub swamps. Wildlife of the preserve has not been reported. REFERENCES: none ADDRESS: Wayne County Road Commission 726 City-County Bldg. Detroit, MI 48226 217 DESIGNATION: Willow Creek Rock Ledge Nature Sanctuary TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 40 LOCATION: Sect. 26, T49N, R27W, Marquette Co. PROTECTION: ownership by Michigan Nature Association DATE OF PROTECTION: 1978, January 25 OWNERSHIP: Michigan Nature Association ADMINISTRATION: Michigan Nature Association DEVELOPMENTS: none MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: The preserve property consists of a long, narrow strip of land which follows a 100-foot cliff. Above the ledge, a second-growth hardwood forest dominates, while below the ledge, a more mature I§u3a_canadensis (hemlock)-northern hardwood association gives way to Ihgja occidentalis (white cedar) swamp bordering Willow Creek. Wildlife of the preserve has not been reported. REFERENCES: Holzman, R.W. Michigan Nature Association (personal communication). ADDRESS: Michigan Nature Association 124 Miller Mount Clemens, MI 48043 218 DESIGNATION: Woldumar Nature Study Area TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 188 LOCATION: Sect. 35, T4N, R3W, Eaton Co. Woldumar Nature Center PROTECTION: resolution by Nature Way Association DATE OF PROTECTION: 1967 OWNERSHIP: Nature Way Association ADMINISTRATION: Nature Way Association DEVELOPMENTS: foot trail system, observation dock in pond, interpretive building MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: Relief is gentle in this preserve, which lies along the Grand River. Most notable topographically are two ravines cut by tributary streams and an artificial lagoon which adjoins the river near the property's center. Upland forest communities include two Faggs grandifolia (beech)— Aggr saccharum (sugar maple) stands, and a Pings strobus (white pine)- Pigea_glagga (white spruce) plantation. Lowlands are largely shrub- dominated with Cgrnus stolonifera (red-osier dogwood), §a11x_interior (sandbar willow) and Cephalanthus occidentalis (buttonbush). Wildlife of the preserve has not been reported. REFERENCES: Michigan Natural Areas Council. 1979. Reconnaissance, site and other reports Vol. 1 1950-1977. Univ. Microfilms Internat. Ann Arbor. ADDRESS: Nature Way Association 5539 Lansing Rd. Lansing, MI 48917 219 DESIGNATION: Woodruff Creek-Hudspeth Memorial Plant Preserve TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 15 LOCATION: Sect. 34, T2N, R6E, Livingston Co. PROTECTION: ownership by Michigan Nature Association DATE OF PROTECTION: 1978, December 20 OWNERSHIP: Michigan Nature Association ADMINISTRATION: Michigan Nature Association DEVELOPMENTS: short foot trail MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: A bowl-like depression forms the topography of this preserve, and Woodruff Creek flows through its lowland portion. A forest of Quercus alba (white oak) and Carya_glabra (pignut hickory) occupies the rim of the bowl, while its slopes support shrub carr in which Betula pumjla_(dwarf birch) and Populus tremuloides (quaking aspen) dominate. On the bottom of the bowl lies a well-developed fen community with considerable species diversity. Among the common components are Valeriana uliginosa (swamp valerian), Carex stricta (sedge), Sarracenia purpurea (pitcher-plant), Silphium terebinthina- ceum (prairie dock) and Potentilla fruticosa (shrubby cinquefoil). Wildlife of the preserve has not been reported. REFERENCES: Kohring, M.A. The Nature Conservancy, Michigan Field Office (personal communication). ADDRESS: Michigan Nature Association 124 Miller Mount Clemens, MI 48043 220 DESIGNATION: Wyandotte National Wildlife Refuge TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 278 LOCATION: T38, R11E, Wayne Co. PROTECTION: designation as National Wildlife Refuge DATE OF PROTECTION: 1961 OWNERSHIP: U.S. Government ADMINISTRATION: U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, Shiawassee National Wildlife Refuge DEVELOPMENTS: none MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: The tract consists primarily of open water in the Detroit River (marked by buoys during duck hunting season) and includes Grassy and Mamajuda Islands. Vallisneria americana (wild celery) grows in extensive beds and provides food for overwintering ducks, particularly redhead, canvasback and scaup. REFERENCES: none ADDRESS: Shiawassee National Wildlife Refuge 6975 Mower Rd. RR#1 Saginaw, MI 48601 221 DESIGNATION: Zeerip Drummond Island Memorial Plant Preserve TYPE: natural area preserve ACREAGE: 6.2 LOCATION: Sect. 25, T42N, R4E, Chippewa Co. PROTECTION: ownership by Michigan Nature Association DATE OF PROTECTION: 1975, December 30 OWNERSHIP: Michigan Nature Association ADMINISTRATION: Michigan Nature Association DEVELOPMENTS: none MANAGEMENT: none GENERAL CHARACTER: This Drummond Island preserve lies on the calcareous Niagaran cuesta, which is covered here by only a thin soil. The tract lies within one-half mile of the Lake Huron shore, and is densely forested by Abies balsamea (balsam fir), Betula papyrifera (paper birch) and Age; saccharum (sugar maple), with some Populus sp. (aspen) and Ihgja occidentalis (white cedar). Wildlife of the preserve has not been reported. REFERENCES: Michigan Nature Association. 1977. Sanctuary guide. Mich. Nat. Assoc. Mount Clemens. ADDRESS: Michigan Nature Association 124 Miller Mount Clemens, MI 48043 ONGOING AND PROSPECTIVE PROGRAMS Most of Michigan's historically-active preservation organizations are continuing or increasing their efforts, as awareness of development pressures on valuable natural areas increases. However, the 1980's should see greater teamwork among preservationists, particularly between The Nature Conservancy and Michigan's Department of Natural Resources, as a statewide natural features inventory gets underway. Michigan Natural Heritage Program The Nature Conservancy, under contract to and in close cooperation with the DNR, expects to initiate a Natural Heritage Program sometime during 1980. The Conservancy has successfully completed similar programs in other states. Its primary goal will be to identify a system of natural areas in Michigan which represents the entire spectrum of natural diversity present. Efforts will then be directed toward assuring preservation of those areas under the Wilderness and Natural Areas Act of 1972. The initial inventory process is expected to require two years for completion. Federal Wilderness Additions The U.S. Forest Service's RARE II program, as described earlier under “Preservation Organizations", has resulted in the recommendation to Congress of eight areas (56,495 acres) for Wilderness designation. These areas (listed in Table 1 with their sizes and counties) will not become Federal Wilderness until Congress acts to designate them (although in the meantime they will be managed as such by the Forest Service). 222 223 Table 1. U.S. Forest Service RARE II Wilderness recommendations. Tract Name County Acreage Sylvania Gogebic 17,974 Sturgeon River Gorge Houghton/Baraga 13,208 Carp River Mackinac 10,030 Little Silver Addition Houghton 6,136 Horseshoe Bay Mackinac 5,636 Nordhouse Dunes Mason 2,919 Round Island Mackinac 378 Government Island Mackinac 214 Six additional tracts in the Sleeping Bear National Lakeshore will be recommended for Wilderness designation by the National Park Service. (A previous recommendation, submitted in 1975, was returned by the Office of Management and Budget pending the development of a General Management Plan for the Park.) Since the Management Plan is now in its final stages of development, the revised Wilderness recommendations should be submit- ted to Congress during 1980. However, these tracts cannot become Federal Wilderness until all incompatible uses have been removed—-the Park Service estimates that this may require up to fifty years. Again, these tracts will be managed as Wilderness until the time that they are actually desig- nated as such (Brown, pers. comm.). One further Wilderness evaluation will be conducted in Michigan by the Bureau of Land Management, which holds some 1400 acres in the state, including 800 islands (Bureau of Land Management, 1979). The process is 224 scheduled to begin during the summer of 1980. An initial inventory of BLM lands in Minnesota is now in its final stages, and out of 45,344 acres under review there, approximately 160 acres of islands and 21,388 acres of mainland have been recompended for intensive review, the second stage of the inventory process. A study phase will follow, during which final decisions concerning Wilderness recommendations will be made. Those re- commendations will then be sent to Congress for action (Bureau of Land Management, 1979). This same evaluation process will be used for Michi- gan's BLM lands. Miscellaneous Programs Two other projects in the state hold some promise for natural area preservation. One is the Pictured Rocks National Lakeshore, for which a revised General Management Plan is now being developed, with consideration given to the Beaver Basin (5120 acres) for possible Wilderness recomnenda- tion. Alternately, the tract could be maintained with its present "primi- tive" zone designation, without formal protection or strict management requirements (Gillespie, pers. conm.). A second natural area preservation program showing considerable promise is that of the Natural Areas Conservancy of West Michigan (NACOWMI). The organization was formed in 1976 to "inventory, acquire and steward ecologically and environmentally valuable natural areas within its desig— nated territory for preservation and enjoyment of these areas in their natural state...“ (Natural Areas Conservancy of West Michigan, Inc., un- dated). To accomplish this goal, NACOWMI is presently surveying many natural areas for potential as preserve properties, and acquisition programs have 225 been initiated already for eight tracts. The group hopes to begin raising funds for its first purchase by 1980. The stewardship policies under which these preserves will be managed have already been outlined by NACOWMI in considerable detail, and are designed to protect and maintain the natural ecosystems with minimal human interference. VI. CONCLUSION A total of 156 nature preserves, covering some 350,000 acres have been located by this inventory. Although a few preserves were undoubtedly overlooked, they almost certainly comprise less than 1% of the state's total preserve acreage. Perhaps of greater importance, though, than the numbers of areas preserved, is the quality of those areas and their contribution toward adequately representing the entire spectrum of Michigan's natural diver- sity. Until now, no systematic effort has been made to coordinate preser- vation activities in the state toward that goal, and although preservation organizations are to be comnended for their largely independent efforts, this lack of coordination has resulted in obvious deficiencies in Michi- gan's nature preserve system. The preservation of geomorphic features has been especially neglected. Except for unusually scenic features (e.g., waterfalls), landforms and geological formations have been protected only through incidental inclu- sion in biotic preserves. One reason for this oversight is that preser- vationists frequently lack an awareness of Michigan's great geomorphic diversity and the importance of preserving that diversity. We must recog- nize that geomorphic features--equally as endangered as biotic features by rampant development-~often require even more vigorous effort to pre- serve because of their size and choiceness for development. For instance, eskers, escarpments, shorelines and moraines not only cover large, oddly- shaped tracts, but offer choice possibilities for mineral extraction and residential and recreational development. A concentrated effort is clearly needed to "catch up" on protecting Michigan's geomorphic diversity. This will require renewed participation 226 227 by geomorphologists, and just as importantly, an increased awareness by active biologists that geomorphology is a primary determinant of biolo- gical character and diversity, and is therefore of primary importance in natural area evaluation. These changes are essential if Michigan is to develop a nature preserve system which represents its full natural diver- sity. Hopefully the proposed Natural Heritage Program will help meet this critical need. Many choice biotic natural areas are undoubtedly also yet to be pre- served or even identified. For example, six percent of Michigan's preserves lie west of Alger and Schoolcraft Counties (excluding Keweenaw), although the area comprises nearly twenty percent of the state's total acreage, most of it relatively undeveloped. And although Kalamazoo County is Michigan's richest in numbers of endangered, threatened and rare plant species, it is among the very poorest in numbers of preserves to protect its diverse and valuable flora. A state-wide Natural Heritage Program should also help to remedy these problems, since its ultimate goal will be to preserve repre- sentative natural features throughout the entire state. Another need, and one which cannot be met by a Natural Heritage Program, is to study existing preserves. Even our Research Natural Areas and Nature Study Areas support little significant research or nature study, as the paucity of references cited in this inventory demonstrates. Typically, the only reference materials available for individual preserves are preliminary reports of their preservation value. In very few cases have preserves been systematically studied subsequent to their protection to determine ecosystem structure and dynamics. None— theless, such studies are integral to the management of preserves, since they establish baseline data from which to monitor changes and, if 228 necessary, adjust management practices accordingly. For instance, it is important to know whether public visitation is adversely impacting a dune ecosystem, or whether an example of white pine forest is succeeding to hardwoods. This is not to propose that each of Michigan's nature preserves should be immediately studied in detail, for that is clearly not practical or possible. However, they offer a superior selection of outdoor labora- tories for students of biological science, and merely taking advantage of their potential for thesis research, field studies, class projects, etc., not only benefits the investigators, but enhances the scientific value and preservation potential of the preserves studied. Many hardeworking preservationists have contributed to our present system of nature preserves, which includes many very fine natural areas. It is now the task of present workers to complete this system--ensuring that each significant natural feature in Michigan will be represented for the future--and finally, to give our preserves the protection and attention which they require and deserve. APPENDICES bWNI-J m\l0301 .o.. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. APPENDIX A Alphabetical Listing of Preserves (with cross-references) Algonac State Park Sites Allegan State Game Area Special Habitats Alta Warren Parsons Memorial Nature Sanctuary Alton D. McGaw Memorial Plant Preserve AMTRAK Prairie Preserves-~see Nos. 7, 33, 61, 117, 132 Ann Arbor Wet Prairie Anna Wilcox Memorial Nature Sanctuary Bakertown Fen Barry State Game Area Special Habitat Bean Creek Nature Sanctuary-—see No. 112 Beaver Dam Nature Sanctuary Bernard W. Baker Nature Sanctuary Besser Natural Area Betsy Lake Research Natural Area (see also No. 131) Big Hand Road Nature Sanctuary Big Stone-Cecil Bay Nature Study Preserve (see also Nos. 22, 129, 147) Bird Island Nature Sanctuary Briggs Memorial Nature Sanctuary Brockway Mountain Nature Sanctuary Bullock Creek Nature Sanctuary Calla C. Burr Memorial Plant Preserve Cedar River Nature Sanctuary Charles R. Zeerip Memorial Plant Preserve-~see No. 156 Cranbrook Nature Sanctuary Crane Island Natural Area Preserve (see also Nos. 14, 129, 147) Dayton Wet Prairie Donahey Woods Dukes Research Natural Area Erie Marsh Preserve Estivant Pines Nature Sanctuary 229 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 230 Fernwood Nature Study Area Fish Lake Bog Plant Preserve Five Lakes Muskegon Plant Preserve Flowerfield Creek Nature Sanctuary Flowering Dogwood Plant Preserve Grand Beach Prairie Grand Island Research Natural Area Grand Mere Nature Study Preserve Grass Island Nature Sanctuary Grass Lake Nature Sanctuary--see No. 55 Grass River Nature Sanctuary Green River Nature Sanctuary Gull Island Nature Sanctuary Harbor Island Harvey N. Ott Preserve Haven Hill Natural Area Helmerbrook Prairie Plant Preserve Hemlock Research Natural Area (see also No. 118) Hoffmaster Natural Area Homer L. Hylton Memorial Plant Preserve Hoobler Natural Area Horner Woods Huntington Memorial Plant Preserve Huron Islands Wilderness Huron Mountain Club Nature Research Area Isle Royale Wilderness (see also No. 93) James H. Klipfel Memorial Nature Sanctuary Jonathon Woods Julius C. and Marie Moran Peter Nature Sanctuary Karl Chen Memorial Prairie Plant Preserve Kasey Hartz Natural Area Keweenaw Shore No. 1 Nature Sanctuary Keweenaw Shore No. 2 Plant Preserve Kitchel Dunes Klumbis Road Prairie Kope Kon Nature Sanctuary 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 76. 77. 78. 79. 80. 81. 82. 83. 84. 85. 86. 87. 88. 89. 90. 91. 92. 93. 94. 95. 96. 97. 231 Lake Huron Sand Dunes Plant Preserve Lake St. Clair National Wildlife Refuge Lake Superior Nature Sanctuary Lakeville Swamp Nature Sanctuary Lapland Buttercup Plant Preserve Laughing Whitefish Falls Scenic Site Lawrence A. and Mary Bell Wade Memorial Nature Sanctuary Lawton Prairie Lefglen Nature Sanctuary Lew Sarrett Wildlife Sanctuary Little Brevort Lake Scenic Site Lost Lake Nature Sanctuary Lucia K. Tower Nature Preserve MacCurdy Ecological Tract Martha Mott Preserve Mary Stallins Ray Memorial Plant Preserve McCormick Research Natural Area Michigan Islands Wilderness Middle Belt Prairie Mixed Forest Nature Study Area (see also Nos. 88, 124) Mosely-Bennett-Barlow Preserve Mud Lake Bog Research Area Newaygo Prairie Ecological Study Area Newaygo Prairie Plant Preserve Newton Woods Northern Hardwoods Public Use Natural Area Northern Hardwoods Research Natural Area North Shore Dunes--see No. 60 Northshore Research Natural Area Osborne Mills Riverland Preserve Palmer-Wilcox-Gates Preserve Passage Island Research Natural Area (see also No. 52) Pepperidge Dunes Plant Preserve Pennfield Bog Plant Preserve Petersburg State Game Area Special Habitat Phyllis Haehnle Memorial Sanctuary 98. 99. 100. 101. 102. 103. 104. 105. 106. 107. 108. 109. 110. 111. 112. 113. 114. 115. 116. 117. 118. 119. 120. 121. 122. 123. 124. 125. 126. 127. 128. 129. 232 Pigeon River Preserve--see No. 47 Pine River Nature Sanctuary Porcupine Mountains Wilderness Area (see also Nos. 103, 139) Port Huron State Game Area Special Habitats Prairie Chicken Management Area Prairie Chicken Nature Sanctuary Presque Isle River Scenic Site (see also Nos. 99, 139) Proud Lake Nature Study Area Purple Coneflower Plant Preserve Rare Fern Plant Preserve Rattlesnake Master Plant Preserve Red Pine Research Natural Area (see also No. 118) Red Wing Acres Nature Sanctuary Riverbank Sanctuary Riverbend Natural Area Robert Powell Memorial Nature Sanctuary Robinson Preserve Roscommon Red Pines Nature Study Area Roy Road Prairie Plant Preserve--see No. 56 Sauk Indian Trail Prairie Plant Preserve Schmude Memorial Nature Sanctuary Schwark Road Prairie Seney National Wildlife Refuge (see also Nos. 44, 89, 90, 108, 119, 128, 150) Seney Wilderness (see also Nos. 118, 128) Seven Ponds Nature Center Shadbush Nature Study Area Shannon Nature Sanctuary Shiawassee National Wildlife Refuge Snake Island-Mud Lake Nature Study Area (see also Nos. 82, 90) South Campus Nature Preserve South Island Steven M. Polovich Memorial Nature Sanctuary--see No. 98 St. Clair-Former Schenck Woods Nature Sanctuary Strangmoor Bog Research Natural Area (see also Nos. 118, 119) Sturgeon Bay-Sucker Creek Natural Area Preserve (see also Nos. 14, 22, 147) 130. 131. 132. 133. 134. 135. 136. 137. 138. 139. 140. 141. 142. 143. 144. 145. 146. 147. 148. 149. 150. 151. 152. 153. 154. 155. 156. 233 Sylvania Recreation Area Botanical Zone Tahquamenon Falls State Park Natural Area (see also No. 12) Thompson Road Prairie Thompson's Harbor Natural Area Timberland Swamp Nature Sanctuary Tobico Marsh Toumey Woodlot Trillium Trail Nature Sanctuary Two Wilderness Islands Nature Sanctuary Union Springs Scenic Site (see also Nos. 99, 103) Upson Lake Nature Sanctuary Vermilion Point Vorhees Brothers Wildlife Sanctuary Wagner Falls Scenic Site Warren Dunes Nature Study Area Warren Woods Nature Study Area Waterloo Black Spruce Bog Nature Study Area Waugoshance Point Nature Study Preserve West Wequetonsing Nature Preserve White Pigeon River Nature Study Area White Pine Public Use Natural Area (see also No. 118) William P. Holliday Forest and Wildlife Preserve Willow Creek Rock Ledge Nature Sanctuary Woldumar Nature Study Area Woodruff Creek-Hudspeth Memorial Nature Sanctuary Wyandotte National Wildlife Refuge Zeerip Drummond Island Memorial Plant Preserve APPENDIX B Listing of Preserves by County ALGER Donahey Woods Grand Island Research Natural Area Laughing Whitefish Falls Scenic Site Wagner Falls Scenic Site ALLEGAN Allegan State Game Area Special Habitats Lawrence A. and Mary Bell Wade Memorial Nature Sanctuary ALPENA Bird Island Nature Sanctuary Grass Island Nature Sanctuary Gull Island Nature Sanctuary Julius C. and Marie Moran Peter Nature Sanctuary Michigan Islands Wilderness ANTRIM Cedar River Nature Sanctuary Grass River Natural Area Green River Nature Sanctuary Palmer-Wilcox-Gates Preserve BARRY Barry State Game Area Special Habitat m Tobico Marsh BERRIEN Bakertown Fen Dayton Wet Prairie Fernwood Nature Study Area Grand Beach Prairie 234 235 BERRIEN (contd.) Grand Mere Nature Study Preserve Lew Sarrett Wildlife Sanctuary Pepperidge Dunes Plant Preserve Robinson Preserve Schwark Road Prairie Warren Dunes Nature Study Area Warren Woods Nature Study Area BRANCH Kope Kon Nature Sanctuary CALHOUN Bernard W. Baker Sanctuary Fish Lake Bog Plant Preserve Flowering Dogwood Plant Preserve Harvey N. Ott Preserve Helmerbrook Prairie Plant Preserve Pennfield Bog Plant Preserve Vorhees Brothers Wildlife Sanctuary CASS Klumbis Road Prairie Newton Woods Thompson Road Prairie CHARLEVOIX Michigan Islands Wilderness CHIPPEWA Betsy Lake Research Natural Area Harbor Island Lake Huron Sand Dunes Plant Preserve Lake Superior Nature Sanctuary Lapland Buttercup Plant Preserve Tahquamenon Falls State Park Natural Area Vermilion Point Zeerip Drummond Island Memorial Plant Preserve CLARE Alta Warren Parsons Memorial Nature Sanctuary 236 DELTA Two Wilderness Islands Nature Sanctuary EATON Woldumar Nature Study Area EMMETT Big Stone-Cecil Bay Natural Area Preserve Crane Island Natural Area Preserve Sturgeon Bay-Sucker Creek Natural Area Preserve Waugoshance Point Nature Study Preserve West Wequetonsing Nature Preserve GLADWIN Briggs Memorial Nature Sanctuary GOGEBIC Porcupine Mountains Wilderness Area Presque Isle River Scenic Site Sylvania Recreation Area Botanical Zone GRAND TRAVERSE South Island INGHAM Riverbend Natural Area Toumey Woodlot JACKSON Lefglen Nature Sanctuary Phyllis Haehnle Memorial Sanctuary Waterloo Black Spruce Bog Nature Study Area KALAMAZOO Flowerfield Creek Nature Sanctuary 237 KEWEENAW Brockway Mountain Nature Sanctuary Estivant Pines Nature Sanctuary Homer L. Hylton Memorial Plant Preserve Isle Royale Wilderness James H. Klipfel Memorial Nature Sanctuary Keweenaw Shore No. 1 Nature Sanctuary Keweenaw Shore No. 2 Plant Preserve Passage Island Research Natural Area Upson Lake Nature Sanctuary LAPEER Jonathon Woods Seven Ponds Nature Center LENAWEE Robert Powell Memorial Nature Sanctuary LIVINGSTON Shannon Nature Sanctuary Woodruff Creek-Hudspeth Memorial Nature Sanctuary LUCE Betsy Lake Research Natural Area Tahquamenon Falls State Park Natural Area MACKINAC Beaver Dam Nature Sanctuary Little Brevort Lake Scenic Site Mixed Forest Nature Study Area Northshore Research Natural Area Purple Coneflower Plant Preserve Rare Fern Plant Preserve Snake Island-Mud Lake Nature Study Area MACOMB Anna Wilcox Memorial Nature Sanctuary Shadbush Nature Study Area South Campus Nature Preserve 238 MANISTEE Lucia K. Tower Preserve MARQUETTE Dukes Research Natural Area Huron Islands Wilderness Huron Mountain Club Nature Research Area McCormick Research Natural Area MIDLAND Bullock Creek Nature Sanctuary MONROE Erie Marsh Preserve Petersburg State Game Area Special Habitat MONTCALM MacCurdy Ecological Tract MUSKEGON Five Lakes Muskegon Plant Preserve Hoffmaster Natural Area Kasey Hartz Natural Area NEWAYGO Newaygo Prairie Ecological Study Area Newaygo Prairie Plant Preserve OAKLAND Calla C. Burr Memorial Plant Preserve Cranbrook Nature Sanctuary Haven Hill Natural Area Lakeville Swamp Nature Sanctuary Proud Lake Nature Study Area Schmude Memorial Nature Sanctuary Timberland Swamp Nature Sanctuary 239 OGEMAW Lost Lake Nature Sanctuary ONTONAGON Porcupine Mountains Wilderness Area Union Springs Scenic Site OSCEOLA Prairie Chicken Management Area Prairie Chicken Nature Sanctuary OTSEGO Hoobler Natural Area OTTAWA Kitchel Dunes Hoffmaster Natural Area PRES UE ISLE Besser Natural Area Thompson's Harbor Natural Area ROSCOMMON Roscommon Red Pines Nature Study Area SAGINAW Shiawassee National Wildlife Refuge SCHOOLCRAFT Hemlock Research Natural Area Huntington Memorial Plant Preserve Northern Hardwoods Public Use Natural Area Northern Hardwoods Research Natural Area Red Pine Research Natural Area Riverbank Sanctuary Seney National Wildlife Refuge Seney Wilderness 240 SCHOOLCRAFT (contd.) Strangmoor Bog Research Natural Area White Pine Public Use Natural Area ST. CLAIR Algonac State Park Sites Alton D. McGaw Memorial Plant Preserve Big Hand Road Nature Sanctuary Lake St. Clair National Wildlife Refuge Mary Stallins Ray Memorial Plant Preserve Pine River Nature Sanctuary Port Huron State Game Area Special Habitats Red Wing Acres Nature Sanctuary St. Clair-Former Schenck Woods Nature Sanctuary Trillium Trail Nature Sanctuary ST. JOSEPH Karl Chen Memorial Prairie Plant Preserve Rattlesnake Master Plant Preserve Sauk Indian Trail Prairie Plant Preserve White Pigeon River Nature Sanctuary VAN BUREN Lawton Prairie WASHTENAW‘ Ann Arbor Wet Prairie Horner Woods Mosely-Bennett-Barlow Preserve Mud Lake Bog Research Area Osborne Mills Riverland Preserve WAYNE Middle Belt Prairie Mosely-Bennett—Barlow Preserve William P. Holliday Forest and Wildlife Preserve Wyandotte National Wildlife Refuge Fish APPENDIX C Listing of Preserves by Ownership/Administration U.S. Government and Wildlife Service Hemlock Research Natural Area Huron Islands Wilderness Lake St. Clair National Wildlife Refuge Michigan Islands Wilderness Northern Hardwoods Public Use Natural Area Northern Hardwoods Research Natural Area Red Pine Research Natural Area Seney National Wildlife Refuge Seney Wilderness Shiawassee National Wildlife Refuge Strangmoor Bog Research Natural Area White Pine Public Use Natural Area Wyandotte National Wildlife Refuge Total: 13 areas Forest Service Park Dukes Research Natural Area Grand Island Research Natural Area McCormick Research Natural Area Newaygo Prairie Ecological Study Area Sylvania Recreation Area Botanical Zone Total: 5 areas Service U.S. Isle Royale Wilderness Passage Island Research Natural Area Total: 2 areas Government Total: 20 areas 241 109,228 acres 9119 acres 131,880 acres 250,227 acres 242 State of Michigan Forestry Division Besser Natural Area Little Brevort Lake Scenic Site Mixed Forest Nature Study Area Northshore Research Natural Area Roscommon Red Pines Nature Study Area Snake Island-Mud Lake Nature Study Area Thompson's Harbor Natural Area Total: 7 areas Parks Division Algonac State Park Sites Betsy Lake Research Natural Area Big Stone-Cecil Bay Nature Study Preserve Crane Island Natural Area Preserve Haven Hill Natural Area Hoffmaster Natural Area Laughing Whitefish Falls Scenic Site Porcupine Mountains Wilderness Presque Isle River Scenic Site Proud Lake Nature Study Area Shadbush Nature Study Area Sturgeon Bay—Sucker Creek Natural Area Preserve Tahquamenon Falls State Park Natural Area Union Springs Scenic Site Wagner Falls Scenic Site Warren Dunes Nature Study Area Warren Woods Nature Study Area Waterloo Black Spruce Bog Nature Study Preserve Waugoshance Point Nature Study Preserve Total: 19 areas Wildlife Division Allegan State Game Area Special Habitats Barry State Game Area Special Habitat Petersburg State Game Area Special Habitat Port Huron State Game Area Special Habitats Prairie Chicken Management Tobico Marsh Total: 6 areas State of Michigan Total: 32 areas 3123 acres 69,827 acres 4116 acres 77,066 acres 243 The Nature Conservancy Bakertown Fen Dayton Wet Prairie Erie Marsh Preserve Grand Beach Prairie Harbor Island Hoobler Natural Area Jonathon Woods Kitchel Dunes Klumbis Road Prairie Lawton Prairie Lucia K. Tower Nature Preserve Mosely-Bennett-Barlow Preserve Osborne Mills Riverland Preserve Palmer-Wilcox-Gates Preserve Robinson Preserve Schwark Road Prairie Thompson Road Prairie West Wequetonsing Nature Preserve Total: g 18 areas 3793 acres Michigan Nature Association Alta Warren Parsons Memorial Nature Sanctuary Alton C. McGaw Memorial Plant Preserve Anna Wilcox Memorial Nature Sanctuary Beaver Dam Nature Sanctuary Big Hand Road Nature Sanctuary Bird Island Nature Sanctuary Briggs Memorial Nature Sanctuary Brockway Mountain Nature Sanctuary Bullock Creek Nature Sanctuary Calla C. Burr Memorial Plant Preserve Cedar River Nature Sanctuary Estivant Pines Nature Sanctuary Fish Lake Bog Plant Preserve Five Lakes Muskegon Plant Preserve Flowerfield Creek Nature Sanctuary Flowering Dogwood Plant Preserve Grass Island Nature Sanctuary Green River Nature Sanctuary Gull Island Nature Sanctuary Helmerbrook Prairie Plant Preserve Homer L. Hylton Memorial Plant Preserve Huntington Memorial Plant Preserve James H. Klipfel Memorial Nature Sanctuary Karl Chen Memorial Prairie Plant Preserve Keweenaw Shore No. 1 Nature Sanctuary Keweenaw Shore No. 2 Plant Preserve Kope Kon Nature Sanctuary Lake Huron Sand Dunes Plant Preserve Lake Superior Nature Sanctuary 244 Lakeville Swamp Nature Sanctuary Lapland Buttercup Plant Preserve Lawrence A. and Mary Bell Wade Memorial Nature Sanctuary Lefglen Nature Sanctuary Lost Lake Nature Sanctuary Mary Stallins Ray Memorial Plant Preserve Newaygo Prairie Plant Preserve Pepperidge Dunes Plant Preserve Pennfield Bog Plant Preserve Pine River Nature Sanctuary Prairie Chicken Nature Sanctuary Purple Coneflower Plant Preserve Rare Fern Plant Preserve Rattlesnake Master Plant Preserve Red Wing Acres Nature Sanctuary Robert Powell Memorial Nature Sanctuary Sauk Indian Trail Prairie Plant Preserve Shannon Nature Sanctuary St. Clair—Former Shenck Woods Nature Sanctuary Timberland Swamp Nature Sanctuary Trillium Trail Nature Sanctuary Two Wilderness Islands Nature Sanctuary Upson Lake Nature Sanctuary White Pigeon River Nature Sanctuary Willow Creek Rock Ledge Nature Sanctuary Woodruff Creek-Hudspeth Memorial Nature Sanctuary Zeerip Drummond Island Memorial Plant Preserve Total: 56 areas 2909 acres Michigan Audubon Society Bernard W. Baker Sanctuary Lew Sarrett Wildlife Sanctuary Martha Mott Preserve Phyllis Heahnle Memorial Sanctuary Riverbank Sanctuary Seven Ponds Nature Center Vorhees Brothers Wildlife Sanctuary Total: 7 areas 2140 acres Colleges and Universities Horner Woods (Univ. of Mich.) Kasey Hartz Natural Area (Muskegon Comm. Coll.) Kitchel Dunes (Central Mich. Univ.) MacCurdy Ecological Tract (Alma College) Mud Lake Bog Research Area (Univ. of Mich.) Newton Woods (Mich. State Univ.) South Campus Nature Preserve (Macomb Comm. Coll.) Toumey Woodlot (Mich. State Univ.) Vermilion Point (Lake Superior State Coll.) Total: 9 areas 538 acres 245 Local Governments Ann Arbor Wet Prairie (City of Ann Arbor) Donahey Woods (Burnt Twp.) Grass River Natural Area (Antrim Co.) Harvey N. Ott Preserve (Calhoun Co.) Middle Belt Prairie (Huron-Clinton Metro. Auth.) Riverbend Natural Area (Ingham Co.) William P. Holliday Forest and Wildlife Preserve (Wayne Co.) Total: 7 areas 1753 acres Other (Local conservancies and private organizations) Cranbrook Nature Sanctuary (Cranbrook Inst. Sci.) Fernwood Nature Study Area (Fernwood, Inc.) Grand Mere Nature Study Preserve (Kalamazoo Nature Center) Huron Mountain Club Nature Research Area (Huron Mountain Club) Schmude Memorial Sanctuary (Independence Land Consv.) South Island (Long Lake Presv. Assoc.) St. Clair—Former Schenck Woods Nature Sanctuary (Detroit Audubon Soc.) Woldumar Nature Study Area (Nature Way Assoc.) Total: 8 areas 18,121 acres GRAND TOTAL: 156 areas 356,547 acres (Note: This represents less than 1% of Michigan's total land acreage.) APPENDIX D Disturbution of Preserves by Region and County (figures on following pages) See Appendix B for listing by county. 246 .5523: .8 2:2:ch .832 Ewfizom 93 E 82393 .3 .853?me .H 959“. o o I o . .58.. j o mom—202 um? . . O O O .. . o o ._ 25.52— zo._.153 zqwm 924453 zebmoz_>_ O O I...“ 7 0 W4. 0 00 o o ““8425: 282.8 522 4258 5:5 :8sz :5 28.5? 525% 8:55 33:52 0 o u 582: o 09332 ©5392 <.Swmo<.5 20m<2 o><2moo zozzoumomuuxB‘mmE 95:“; 55.2.32 0 cowo— _ o mmmu>usz ocumeo :aez<. Mu.w 0.. §o>wsm0mwzu a. a .w #0 J. .m \V I’VO/I % o . 0 o «W Acnua. 249 O. :33... Q. I. zomEzuE up»u30¢(§ .cmmwcuTz we mpzmcwcma Lean: on“ cw mm>cwmmea mo cowpsnweamwo 205 .m mcamwd III II. Smuooo zoo