A TAXONOMIC STUDY OF THE GENUS CEUTORHYNCHUS (COLEOPTERA, CURCULEONEDAE) Thesis far the Basra §f Ph. D. MECHEGAN STATE UNIVERSiTY Rudoéph A. $c§19ibnea 19-63 111 1111 1111111111 31310714 0661 LIBRARY Michigan State University This is to certify that the thesis entitled A Taxonomic Study of the Genus Ceutorhyndhus (Coleoptera, Curculionidae). presented by Rudolph A. Scheibner has been accepted towards fulfillment of the requirements for Ph . D . degree in Entomology ) if . . ‘* .‘ / k:(rjzri /\ "25/11 __‘ / \ Major professor 0-169 MSU RETURNING MATERIALS: Place in book drop to remove this checkout from LIBRARIES —_ your record. FINES will be charged if book is returned after the date stamped beiow. “#%%++r4¥49H8 ABSTRACT A TAXONOMIC STUDY OF THE GENUS CEUTORHYNCHUS (COLEOPTERA, CURCULIONIDAE) by Rudolph A. Scheibner This work is a taxonomic study of the genus Ceutorhynchus Germar (Coleoptera, Curculionidae). Keys for the identification of, and i descriptions of species are included. Two species are described as Distribution of species, location of types, hosts and parasites new . are given to the extent of the knowledge of them. A TAXONOMIC STUDY OF THE GENUS CEUTORHYNCHUS (COLEOPTERA, CURCULIONIDAE) { 5T Rudolph Ai Scheibner A THESIS Submitted to Michigan State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Department of Entomology 1963 32?079 4/24/64 ACKNOWLEDGEHENTS Particular acknowledgement is made to Prof. Ray Hutson, former Head, Department of Entomology at Michigan State University for initially making facilities available and granting a teaching assistantship to the author. The author is also indebted to Prof. Gordon B. Guyer, Chairman, Department of Entomology for continuing the teaching assistant- ship, granting more facilities, and reading this manuscript. To Dr. Roland L. Fischer, the author's major advisor, gratitude is expressed for his guidance in helping initiate the thesis problem and in guiding the compilation of and criticism of the manuscript. Gratitude is expressed to Dr. Roger Hoopingarner and Dr. John Beaman for evaluating the thesis problem and critically reading the thesis. To Dr. W. J. Brown at the Canadian National Collection and to Dr. Rose Ella Spillman nee Warner at the U. S. National Museum, the author is especially indebted for their advice, encouragement and use of their facilities. For advice, specific information, and use of their facilities, the author is appreciative of Dr. P. J. Darlington at the Museum of Comparative Zoology and to Dr. Harold Grant at the Philadelphia Academy of Science. Appreciation is also expressed to Dr. George Wallace at the Carnegie Museum for the use of facilities there. To Dr. Julius R. Hoffman, Entomology Department at Michigan State University, the author is appreciative for advice in rectifying drawings to make them suitable for photographing and for other specific advice. To my fellow students Mr. Richard Snider, Mr. Francis Giles ii and Mr. David Crockett, the author wishes to express his appreciation for their interest in the thesis and for their enlightening philosophical conversations. The author especially acknowledges his wife, Donna, for her patiences during the writing of this thesis. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS Page INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 HISTORY OF THE GENUS CEUTORRHYNCHUS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 MATERIALS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Collections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Type Specimens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERS OF TAXONOMIC IMPORTANCE . . . . . . . . 9 Body Regions and Appendages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Color and Vestiture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ll Characters for Sex Determination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 External Male Genitalia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 CHARACTERISTICS OF THE GENUS CEUTORHYNCHUS . . . . . . . . . . . 15 KEY TO GROUPS OF CEUTORHYNCHUS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 GROUP A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Key to Species of Group A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l9 pollinosus Dietz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 ovipennis Dietz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 disturbatus Dietz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 angulatus Leconte . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 obliguus Leconte . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 t§u_Leconte . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 consanguineus Dietz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 ICHCNCHCHCHCHCU O 73 O C'. "U B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 S ‘< to Species of Group B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 pervestitus Fall . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 horni Dietz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 nodipennis Dietz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 adjunctus Dietz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 K3K3K3N3 iv GROUP C TABLE OF CONTENTS--Continued Key to Species of Group C ICNCNCHCD GROUP Key 0 x O c: 'U Key C) :13 O C.‘ "U Key K3“? ICNCHCNCNCHCNCNCHCHCNCM(NF? K3K3H3K3K3K3K3K3H3K3 D t E t F t sulcipennis Leconte armatus Dietz echinatus Fall decipiens Leconte 0 Species of Group D sericans Leconte isolatus Dietz bolteri Dietz . punctiger Gyllenhal guadridens Panzer rapae Gyllenhal squamosulus Sleeper subpubescens Leconte aeratus Dietz . americanus Buchanan . rudis Leconte notatulus Fall invisus Fall. . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 Species of Group E medialis Leconte . . . semirufus Leconte . puberulus Leconte . septentrionalis Gyllenhal floralis (Paykull) floridanus Leng . atriculus Dietz . zimmermanni Gyllenhal morosus Dietz erythropus Dietz. 0 Species of Group F erysimi (Fabricius) hearnei Brown . Page 39 39 39 41 42 44 46 46 48 50 51 53 55 57 59 61 62 63 65 66 67 69 69 7O 72 73 74 76 77 78 79 81 81 83 83 85 87 [cucncncucncucncucncncncncaK3 GROUP Key 1010101010101010191010101010101010 TABLE OF CONTENTS--Continued pusio Mannerheim albopilosus Dietz . siculus Dietz . oregonensis Dietz sguamatus Leconte . persimilis Dietz handfordi Brown . . convexipennis Fall lesguerellae Pierce . munki Brown . . . . anthonomoides Dietz . transversus Blatchley . assimilis Paykull opertus Brown . G to Species of Group G ovalis Dietz wickhami (Champion) . . dietzi Leng . . moznettei Fall . . pusillus Leconte pauxillus Dietz . . . neglectus Blatchley . adspersulus Dietz . convexicollis Leconte . hamiltoni Dietz dubitans Brown carteri Brown . omissus Fall wallulensis n. sp. mutabilis Dietz numulus Dietz . browni n. sp. SPECIES INCERTAE SEDIS . g. rubidus Schonherr C. umbellae Fabricius INDEX OF HOST PLANTS INDEX OF PARASITES . . . . INDEX OF SPECIES, SUBSPECIES AND VARIETIES vi Page 88 92 93 95 96 97 98 100 101 102 103 105 105 107 110 110 113 114 116 117 118 119 121 122 124 125 126 127 129 130 131 132 134 136 136 137 138 145 146 TABLE OF CONTENTS--Continued Page LITERATURE CITED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151 PLATES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157 vii INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study is to re-examine the species of Ceutorhynchus occurring in America north of Mexico. Since the time of Dietz's revision (1896) and Blatchley and Leng's work (1916), many new or introduced species have been added to the genus in North America. Also several species which had been synonymized have been reinstated, and synonymies have occurred in other instances. As in most taxonomic works, nomenclatural problems become an important aspect of accurate identification. Some species names in the literature with inadequate descriptions have not been recorded ex- cept in catalogues, and the necessary knowledge of the organism to apply the name seems to be lost or not available. Catalogues or faunal lists often do not cite the authority upon which they base the inclusion of species in their lists and corrections based on subsequent revisions are difficult. Orthographic errors also lead to confusion. The genus is relatively large, involving over 90 nominal species in North America. .Biological knowledge of many of the species is un- known, so the arrangement of species in this work relies on morphological criteria. Combinations of three criteria primarily; seven versus six funicular segments, mutic versus toothed femora, and toothed versus simple claws were used to divide the genus into convenient groups. Al- though some of the groups seemed to be natural arrangements, some apparently closely related species fall into different groups. It was not possible with easily discernible characters to put the 2 discordant species in the artificial groupings into a grouping which indicated the presumed phylogenetic affinities. Nevertheless, the artificial system was maintained as the most efficacious for separating the species involved. HISTORY OF THE GENUS CEUTORHYNCHUS Schuppel compiled in manuscript form a list of 50 species with their synonymies, applying the generic cheironym Ceutorhynchus. This list he derived primarily from the genera Rhynchaenus Clairville and Curculio Linnaeus. Germar (1824) supplemented Schuppel's unpublished list with 29 species, 27 of which were new species, and published for the first time the two lists along with the description of the genus Ceutorhynchus. The list of 29 new and redescribed species was further divided into three groups: "Familia I. Longirostres, thorace postice profunde bisinuato, scutello distincto," "Familia II. Longirostres, thorace postice bisinuato,_scutello vix conspicuo," and "Familia III. Brevirostres." According to K. v. Dalla Torre and A. Hustache (1930), the genus Ceutorhynchus as Germar delimited it has since been subdivided and its parts relegated to various taxa. The nine species in Germar's 'Familia II' have been distributed to various genera of Barinae, and the two species in 'Familia III' are now in the genus Phytobius (Ceuthorrhynchinae). The present limits of Ceutorhynchus fall within what Germar designated as 'Familia 11'. However, some of the 18 species in 'Familia II' have been reassigned to at least four other genera, primarily in Ceuthorrhynchinae. The genus Ceutorhynchus, as American authors have delimited it, is a composite of two genera, Ceutorhynchus Germar (1824) and Ceuthorrhynchidius duVal (1854), as used by many current European 3 4 authors. According to Hoffmann (1954), Ceuthorrhynchidius is dif- ferentiated from Ceutorhynchus by the following combination of characters: six segmented funicle, claws toothed, and the venter and legs red or brown usually, rarely black. One or more of these characters may occur among various species of Ceutorhynchus, but not all are manifested in a single species. Those species of Ceutorhynchus with six funicular seg- ments fall into the subgenus Calosirus Thomson (1865). The difference in spelling between Ceutorhynchus and Ceuthorrhynchus also seems to be a point upon which European and American authors differ. Americans choose to use 'Ceutorhynchus' as it was spelled originally by Germar, and the European preference is the end result of the orthographic emendations 'Ceuthorhynchus' per Agassiz (1846) and 'Ceuthorrhynchus' per Gemminger and Harold (1871). Europeans have also authored and applied a number of subgenera which Americans as yet either have not accepted or have not found con- venient to use. For about 50 years after its conception, the genus was accorded little attention in America. Only four Species, g. rubidus Schonherr, Q, umbellae Fabricius, g. zimmermanni Gyllenhal and g. septentrionalis Gyllenhal were described in Schoenherr (1837) as occurring in America. Whether many specimens of Ceutorhynchus were encountered that did not fit existing descriptions was apparently not problematic during this period. However, it may be assumed that unidentified material had accumulated to an extent that Leconte (Leconte and Horn, 1876) was able to describe 14 species as new to science from the United States. Twenty years later Dietz (1896) monographed the American Ceutorhynchini with 47 species in the genus Ceutorhynchus as occurring in America. Of 5 these,-29 were described as new species. However, subsequent work has shown some of Dietz's species to be in synonymy. Since the time of Dietz's paper, more interest from the stand- point of descriptive taxonomy, has been accorded the genus. Notable authors of species have been Fall (1901, 1907, 1917, 1926) and Brown (1931, 1940). Dr. W. J. Brown, of the Canadian National Collection, also has been concerned with the detection of foreign coleopterous in- troductions for many years. Several of these introductions have been species of Ceutorhynchus. Other writers who have authored one or two species are Pierce (1910), Blatchley (1916), Buchanan (1937a), Champion (1907) and Sleeper (1957). The biological knowledge of many of the species is scanty pri- marily because many of the species are apparently uncommon, and are poorly represented in collections. Error in identification has in some cases also confused information. Biological knowledge is more nearly complete for the species which occur more commonly, among which are those of economic importance. MATERIALS Collections The majority of the specimens used in this study were borrowed from the collections of several institutions and from a few private collections. Only a few species were collected in any number by the author. In many cases specimens were examined at the institutions in which they were deposited. Abbreviations used in this work for the various collections from which material was examined are: CM ------ Carnegie Museum; Pittsburg, Penna. CNC ----- Canadian National Collection; Ottawa, Canada HSH ----- H. and A. Howden; Ottawa, Canada KU ------ Kansas University; Lawrence, Kansas MCZ ----- Museum of Comparative Zoology; Cambridge, Mass. MSU ----- Michigan State University; East Lansing, Mich. PAS ----- Philadelphia Academy of Science; Philadelphia, Penna. TAM ----- Texas A. and M., College Station, Texas UC ------ University of California; Berkely, Calif. UM ------ University of Minnesota; St. Paul, Minn. USNM----United States National Museum; Washington, D.C. Type Specimens Except in a few cases, type specimens of the species of Ceutorhynchus were available for examination. In the case of the type 6 specimens of Dietz's species, some confusion exists as to where they are deposited. According to the literature (W. Horn, 1926; Batchelor, 1932) the Dietz material is at the Museum of Comparative Zoology, or principally there. However, the Philadelphia Academy of Science also possesses a substantial representation of Dietz type material. Although I can find no record of Dietz's collection being given in part to the Philadelphia Academy of Science, Dr. H. J. Grant, of the Philadelphia Academy of Science, communicated to me the essence of his conversations with Mr. Rehn on this subject, and it was maintained that much of Dietz's Coleoptera collection was given to the Academy prior to Dieta's death. There is evidence from comparing data given in Dietz's monograph and specimen labels that at least a few specimens that were once in the Dietz collection are now deposited in the Academy. The majority of the species which are represented by type material in the Philadelphia Academy of Science are species for which the Horn collection made up part or the total of some of Dietz's type series. Horn's collection was willed to the Academy, and I suspect that it is from his collection that the Academy attained much of Dietz's type material. Also, the longer type series are at the Museum of Comparative Zoology, so I be- lieve the literature is correct in stating that the majority of Dietz's Coleoptera are there. As far as I can determine the lectotype labels on the Philadelphia Academy of Science specimens were improperly attached, not having been validated by publication. Most of these specimens are not considered lectotypes in this paper. If lectotypes were to be erected, it would seem efficacious to choose from the Dietz material at the Museum of Comparative Zoology, when feasible, where authorities in the field 8 would expect to find the bulk of Dietz's material. My personal opinion is that no particular advantage is gained in selecting lectotypes except to clarify some confusing taxonomic issue. In two cases I have recognized lectotypes where the type series involved were variable and only one representative of each species agreed with Dietz's description and figures. In cases where both the Museum of Comparative Zoology and the Philadelphia Academy of Science, as well as the U. 8. National Museum sometimes, included Dietz type material from which no single specimen was clearly indicated as the one from which Dietz described, I have recognized the Specimens to be of equal rank, or syntypes. I feel that in the event that should any of the collections be damaged or destroyed, the others would be available with less nomenclatural problems. MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERS OF TAXONOMIC IMPORTANCE Body Regions and Appendages The head of Ceutorhynchus is punctured and vestitured to various degrees among the species, and the vertex usually shows varying degrees of development of a longitudinal carina. The interocular area varies from flat to concave. However, I have not found these characters of much importance. The beak is always relatively long and narrow, but variations exist among the species and the sexes. The female beak is frequently slightly longer than that of the male. Beak length (Fig. l) in this paper is measured in a straight line from the apex of the beak to the middle of the eye, and is expressed as a ratio of the pronotal length and pronotal width. The scape is usually inserted midway between the apex and the base of the beak, but this position may vary somewhat depending upon the sex and the species. The distance of the scape in- sertion from the beak apex is expressed as a ratio of the scape length. The beak is usually more densely vestitured and more noticeably punctate or striate on its basal half, but this may vary from smooth and naked to punctate and scaly throughout. The antennal club is nearly always ovoidal, but the size, globosity and acuteness of the apex vary. The number of funicular segments has been accorded major importance in the keys, although its importance as a phylogenetic character is dubious. A pair of tubercles or cusps (Fig. 2), one on each of the medio- 1atera1 borders of the pronotal disc, shows considerable variation in the genus. They may be large, small or obsolete, and transverse, acute 9 10 or obtuse. A medic-longitudinal sulcus (Fig. 2) of the pronotum is also notable in its variation. It may be wide or narrow, and deep, shallow or obsolescent, or incomplete so only basal and apical impres- sions remain. In many cases the vestiture of the sulcus area is dif- ferentiated from that of the rest of the disc. In most cases the pronotal disc vestiture is also differentiated from vestiture on the sides of the pronotum. The apex of the pronotum is constricted into a more or less developed tubular portion. In lateral view the discal portion of the pronotum presents a more or less horizontal dorsal outline but sloping anteriorly to the constricted apex which is on a lower plane. If the planes of the disc and of the apex are parallel, the apex is said to be not elevated. If the planes of the disc and of the constricted apex are not parallel due to an apical upward slope of the plane of the apex, the apex is said to be elevated. The measurements of the prothorax are expressed as a ratio of width to length. The width is measured at the widest part and the length is measured from the apical margin to the scutellum. In addition to the nature of the elytral vestiture, the sculpture, convexity and relative width of the intervals (inter- striae) often manifest useful characteristics. The striae are fre- quently distinct furrows sharply delimited from the interstriae, but at other times are represented only by a row of punctures with no distinct limit between striae and interstriae. The interstriae may vary from flat to noticeably convex. Their texture may be nearly smooth, rugulose, or beset with tubercles or murications. In most cases murications are confined to a pair of calli on the subapical portion of the elytra. In dorsal view the elytra have an oval to ll oblong outline. In this work the ratio of elytral length to pronotal length, and eltral length to elytral width are used. Elytral width is measured at the widest part and length is measured from the anterior limit of the scutellum to the apices of the elytra. Several characters of the legs have been used to separate the genus into groups. They include the presence or absence of a tooth (Fig. 2), on the ventral face of the femora, and the presence or absence of teeth on the tarsal claws. The femoral tooth when present may be large or small or manifested only apparently by a tuft of scales. The tarsal claw teeth when present also show variation in development. The relative length of the tarsal segments to each other have been useful at times for separating species (Fig. 3). The comparisons made were the length of tarsal segment four in relation to the combined length of two and three, and the degree that four projects beyond the lobes of three. Color and Vestiture Color here is intended to mean integumental color. In combina- tion with vestitural color the species may have an entirely different aspect. The pronotum and venter of nearly all American species of Ceutorhynchus are black. However, the venter of a few species are brownish to reddish. Also the dorso-anterior margin and ocular lobes of the pronotum of several species exhibit a definitely paler color than that of the disc. The head is almost always blackish and con- colorous with the beak. The various antennal colors among the species may be black, piceous, brownish, reddish or yellow. The scape is 12 usually a darker shade than the funicle when the antenna is not uni- colorous. The color of the legs show variations similar to the antennal colors, although the two are not correlated. The tarsi most often are paler than the remainder of the leg. The elytra of most species are shades of black or piceous, but brownish, reddish or paler shades are not uncommon. In a few species, dark metallic blue or green is en- countered. Also in a few species the apices or the majority of the elytra may be definitely lighter in color than the base of the elytra. The vestiture varies among the species from almost naked to densely scaly. When the species seem to be naked, fine setae may be seen in the punctures of the head, pronotum and the elytral interstriae. Some setae are very flat intergrading in form with narrow scales. Scales vary in shape from oblong, oval, nearly round to cuneiform. The arrangement may be in uniform series on the elytral intervals, or the scales may be irregularly scattered or condensed in patterns, post- scutellar spots or sutural vittae. Scattered pale scales against a dark integument may give a salt and pepper effect. The usual color of scales is white or yellowish. Setae may be white, yellowish, brown or black. At the pronotal-elytral angle, the mesepimeron is usually visible in dorsal view and covered with a pale squamose vestiture. Characters for Sex Determination The males of Ceutorhynchus differ from the females in that the fifth abdominal segment is foveate. In those few cases where the females also have a foveate fifth abdominal segment, the female fovea is usually decidedly smaller or less distinct. The hind and middle tibiae are generally unguiculate at the outer apical angle (Fig. 2), CHARACTERISTICS OF THE GENUS CEUTORHYNCHUS Species of the genus Ceutorhynchus represented in America are small specimens varying from 1.5 to 3.5 mm. The form varies from globose to elongate oval, although broadly oval is most common. Ex- cluding vestitural color, almost all are dark colored. Most are black or piceous, a few rufous at least in part, and a few possess a dark metallic blue or green luster. The beak is slender, not thickened at the base, slightly curved, and nearly half the length of the body. The beak in repose is received in a pectoral groove of the prosternum. In related groups the pectoral groove may extend into the meso- or metasternum, or the beak is stout and generally short. A lateral sulcus or scrobe directed against the eye receives the scape of the geniculate antenna. The antennal funicle is six or seven segmented, and the ovoidal club is annulated, pubescent and more or less acuminate in most cases. The eyes are rounded, situated laterally on the head, widely separated above and more or less covered in repose by ocular lobes of the prothorax. A longitudinal carina extending from the vertex of the head to about eye level is more or less evident in most species. The pronotum may or may not have a median longitudinal sulcus, and a pair of tubercles on the basal half of the disc. The scutellum is always small, and glabrous or scaly. The elytra are punctate in the striae and the interstriae are variously sculptured. The prothoracic sternum is deeply emarginate anteriorly, and 15 13 whereas the female tibiae are not. In Group A, neither the males nor the females have unguiculate tibiae. A more subtle and less reliable character is the tendency for the first abdominal segment of the males to be slightly concave in contrast to a slightly convex segment among the females. There is also a tendency for the female beak to be longer and the antennal insertion to be more basal among the females. A judicial weighing of the aforementioned characters will usually establish which are the males in a series of specimens without necessitating dissection. External Male Genitalia The morphology of the external male genitalia of Rhynchophora is not entirely settled, so descriptive taxonomic terms are generally applied to these sclerotized parts to avoid confusion. I have included here my interpretation as well as the taxonomic terms of reference. The male genitalia and terminal segments of Ceutorhynchus (Figs. 4 and 5) show modifications toward desclerification which further occludes establishing homologies. In more typical curculionids the eighth abdominal sternite is well developed but invaginated, so that it lies internal and parallel to the seventh, or last visible sternite. In Ceutorhynchus the eighth sternite is vestigial or entirely absent. Posterior to the eighth sternite, the ninth sternite is represented by a poorly defined sclerite which is made conspicuous by a single assymetrical apodeme (spiculum gastrale). The membranous tube with its sclerotized parts, which extends posterior to the ninth sternite, comprises the male external genitalia proper. The most basal sclerotiza- tion of the genitalia consists of a narrow ring with a single medio- ventral apodeme. These have been interpreted as the gonobase and l4 gonobasic apodeme.. They have been referred to by others as the tegmen and tegminal strut (Bruhn, 1947; Sharp and Muir, 1912; Anderson, 1962). In other curculionids a pair of ear-like posteriorly directed tabs representing gonoforceps occur on the dorsal aspect of the gonobase. In still other curculionids the gonoforceps are fused, forming a large dorsal shield extending over the penis valves. No vestiges of the gonoforceps occur in Ceutorhynchus. The most conspicuous sclerotization is the ligulate fused pair of penis valves or aedeagus (median lobe), which serves as the intro- mittent organ. A pair of latero-ventral apodemes on the penis valves serve for muscles insertion to retract the valves into the gonobase. The gonobase and segment nine are in turn retracted into the body cavity by their apodemes. Near the tip on the dorsal face of the valves, the membranous penis may be exserted through the phallotreme. The penis is often beset with minor sclerotizations or asperities. Within the genus the penis valves exhibit some variation in size, shape and curvature. Variations also exist in the gonobase and ninth abdominal sternal apodeme. 16 the median sulcus, which does not extend past the front coxae, is bordered laterally by ridges extending cephalad from the coxal cavities. The anterior coxae are conical, the middle ones more globose, and the hind coxae transverse. The femora are slightly sinuate, and the middle and hind femora of many species are toothed on the underside. The tibiae are usually slender and usually slightly widened apically. The tibial apex is crowned with a ring of coarse setae. The tarsus is inserted at the apex of the tibia. Tarsal segment three is bilobed, usually broadly, and the last tarsal segment extends well beyond the lobes of the third (Fig. 3). The last tarsal segment is referred to as the fourth in taxonomic literature, as it is in this paper, but actually the fourth is minute, fused to the base of the last segment, and hidden between the lobes of the third segment. Among many Species the tarsal claws are toothed on the inner faces. The first and second ventral abdominal segments are inflexed to form the posterior wall of the coxal cavity, and are not visible without dissection. The first and second exposed ventral abdominal segments are each about as long as the third and fourth combined. The posterior margin of the second abdominal sternum is broadly con- cave so that the third sternum appears longer medially than at the sides. The fifth exposed sternum is longer than either of the pre- ceeding two segments. The pygidium is nearly vertical and with a transverse dorsal elevated line against which the elytra abut. The venter is usually well vestitured with scales, and the dorsum varies in vestiture from very sparsely setate to very densely scaly. KEY TO GROUPS OF CEUTORHYNCHUS Some of the American species of Ceutorhynchus seem to fall into natural groupings that are separable by relatively easily discernible characteristics. On the other hand, similar characteristics fail to be of value in establishing natural relationships among the remainder of the species. Groups A, B, C, D and E each seem to be composed of re- lated forms, whereas groups F and G are composed of species that could be either placed in groups D or E or some other group not established. These discrepancies were not resolvable by easily evaluated characters, so a perfected key to groups was abandoned, although an artificial grouping was maintained. The rationale of establishing groups at all, especially the separation of groups F and G, is merely one of expedition in keying the species. 1. Hind femora toothed, or at least the tooth area marked by a tuft of scales_. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2. ---Hind femora entirely mutic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5. 2. Funicle 6-segmented . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3. ---Funic1e 7-segmented 4. 3. Claws simple . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . Group A. —--Claws toothed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9. 4. Elytra distinctly muricate or tuberculate or the apical calli binodal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8. l7 I ll! [1 II [I l8 ---Elytra at most rugose, not muricate or tuberculate. 5. Funicle 6-segmented, claws not toothed. -—-Funic1e 7-segmented, or if 6-Segmented claws with a weak tooth 6. Elytra distinctly tuberculate at least on the humeri. ---Elytra not tuberculate, at most muricate on the apical calli 7. Claws toothed ---Claws simple 8. Elytra densely squamose, apical calli binodal ---E1ytra naked except for a postscutellar spot; intervals tuberculate 9. Elytra nearly naked and usually tuberculate ---Elytra moderately clothed with narrow scales in part, in part, in part, in part, Group Group Group Group Group Group Group Group Group .[Il'11l'l Ell III II {i II. III'!!! . GROUP A Included in this group are those species with dentate femora, 6-segmented funicle and untoothed claws. The postocular lobes are well developed, and with the exception of Q. pollinosus Dietz, all have the elytra ornamented with patterns of condensed white scales. The male tibiae are not mucronate and the fovea of the 5th abdominal segment is usually broadly oval. The group corresponds to Dietz's 'angulatus' group with the exception that g. pollinosus has been transferred from his 'sulcipennis' group. Key to Species of Group A 1. Elytra without a postscutellar pattern or lateral bands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . pollinosus ---Elytra with either a postscutellar pattern or lateral bands or both . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 2. No lateral spot; globose, elytral width greater than length; pronotal width greater than 1.5 times pronotal length . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ovipennis ---Lateral band present; elytra longer than wide; pronotal width less than 1.5 times length . . . . . . . . . . . 3 3. White postscutellar scales forming a diffuse patch . . disturbatus ---White postscutellar scales arranged in a more or less definite pattern . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 19 20 4. Fascia extends obliquely back from the pronotal area to interval 6 and then obliquely forward to interval 9, may be slightly interrupted on in- terval 5; tubercles very large, prominent; sulcus widened basally . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . angulatus ---Fascia of a different configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 5. Fascia extends obliquely back from postscutellar area to interval 4, broadly discontinuous with the lateral fascia on intervals 6-9; tubercles moderate; sulcus not widened basally . . . . . . . . . obliquus ---Fascia extends directly caudad on intervals 1 and 2 a little farther on 2, and then directly 9 laterad onto intervals 3 and 4; broadly dis- junct with the lateral fascia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 6. Sulcus wide basally, clothed with dense, oval, white scales; postscutellar white scales extend about 3/4 as far back on interval 1 as on 2; integument black . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . tau ---Su1cus not widened basally, without conspicuous white scales; postscutellar white scales on interval 1 extending less than half as far back as on interval 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . consanguineus 71 o—- 9. pollinosus Dietz (Figs. 6, 32) g. pollinosus Dietz. 1896. Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. XXIII: 434 Length 2.2-2.3 mm.; width 1.4 mm. Body entirely black. Head deeply punctate and a little striolate; a recumbent brownish seta per punct; vertex with a vague median carina; interocular area flat. Beak punctate to strio-punctate throughout with a brown seta per punct; rather stout, length ($) .85 times pronotal width or 1.19 times pronotal length. Antenna brownish, scape (S?) inserted about 1.4 times its length from beak apex; funicle 6-segmented, first segment very stout; club broad oval, acute. Pronotum coarsely punctate with a brownish seta per punct; sulcus entire, with a few dirty white lanceolate scales; tubercles distinct; apical constriction elevated; ocular lobes moderate; width 1.35 times length. Elytral intervals flat, 4-5 times strial width; striae narrow, distinct; vestiture of ovate, whitish, nearly imbricate strial scales and similar 2-seriate scales plus brown recumbent ligulate scales on the intervals; apical calli distinct, muricate; length 1.21 times width. Thoracic sterna with large shallow puncts each with a dirty white, spaced broadly lanceolate scale. Abdominal vestiture slightly less dense than on sternum; fovea of 5th abdominal segment (3) barely perceptible; pygidium deeply punctate, concave to flat, clothed with short setaceous hairs. Legs orange-brown, femoral tooth not distinct but its position well marked on all legs by a tuft of white scales; tibiae not unguiculate; Tarsal segment 4 less than the combined length of 2 & 3; 4 projects beyond 3 less than 3'5 length; tarsal claws edentate. 22 TYPES. A single male specimen from California in the Ulke collection at the Carnegie Museum; also, a single female specimen from California in the Philadelphia Academy of Science. DISTRIBUTION. CALIFORNIA: Newcastle, Vancouver. Dietz placed this species with his sulcipennis group, but it seems to have more affinities to the angulatus group. g, ovipennis Dietz (Fig. 33) g. ovipennis Dietz. 1896. Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. XXIII: 428. Length 2.2 mm.; width 1.68 mm. Body entirely black. Head with large, deep, dense puncts; vertex not carinate; interocular area flat; clothed with brownish, ligulate setae. Beak stout, evenly curved, punctate and finely setate throughout. Antenna piceous; funicle 6- segmented; club oval. Pronotum with large, deep, dense puncts; sulcus not deep, shallower medially; tubercles relatively distinct, acute, transverse; apical constriction not elevated; ocular lobes moderate; scutellum small, rounded, glabrous; long oval, white scales in sulcus, wide lanceolate, white scales on sides and brown ligulate setae on disc; width 1.62 times length. Elytral intervals slightly convex, very rough; striae deep punctate with fine brown setae; general vestiture of 2-seriate, brown, ligulate scales; 3 postscutellar pattern of lanceolate white scales forming a pair of right angles on the 2nd, 3rd and 4th intervals, and a small spot of the 6th; length .94 times width. Venter deeply punctate; clothed with round-oval, not very dense scales, narrower on the abdomen; (<§) fovea of the 5th abdominal segment large, broad-oval, shallow, slightly elevated laterally, clothed as abdomen; I ii! i I ll, I'll. I. 23 pygidium slightly convex, clothed with curved hairs and a few medial scales. Legs piceous, tarsi orange; femoral teeth obsolete except on hind legs; femora clothed primarily with flat setae; tibiae not mucronate; tarsal segment 4 less than the combined length of 2 8 3; 4 projects beyond 3 about equal to 3'5 length; tarsal claws edentate. TYPES. One specimen in the Philadelphia Academy of Science from Dunsmuir, California, and bearing a lectotype label no. 2764. Also a single dubious type in the Museum of Comparative Zoology from British Columbia. DISTRIBUTION. CALIFORNIA: Dunsmuir; BRITISH COLUMBIA. The only specimens known to me are the two types. However, the lectotype in the PAS collection matches much better the markings and shape of the figure depicted by Dietz. For this reason I have recognized the PAS specimen as the lectotype, which I have not done for many of the other specimens labeled as lectotypes in the PAS collection. Dietz also described the fovea of the fifth abdominal sternite as large and well defined, which fits that of the PAS specimen. Because of the absence of a fovea in the MCZ specimen, I have recorded in my notes that this specimen is probably a female. Since both of the specimens on which Dietz based his description were males, there is some doubt that the MCZ specimen is authentically labeled as a type. C. disturbatus Dietz (Fig. 34) disturbatus Dietz. 1896. Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. XXIII: 426 [O Q. angulatus Leconte in Leconte and Horn. 1876. Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. XV: 277, in part. Length 2.0 mm.; width 1.25 mm. Body entirely black. Head with 24 large, dense, deep puncts; vertex with a short carina; setae the color of the integument; eyes slightly elevated, flat between. Beak (c?) stout, .95 times pronotal width or 1.32 times pronotal length; dis- tinctly punctate throughout; bronzy, ligulate scales throughout. Antenna piceous, the scape black; funicle 6-segmented; club ovate; (<9) scape inserted .87 times its length from beak apex. Pronotum with moderately large, deep, dense puncts; lanceolate white scales on sides and sparsely along sulcus, flat brown setae on disc; sulcus complete, moderately deep; tubercles transverse, moderately sized; scutellum small, oval, glabrous; ocular lobes moderate; width 1.4 times length. Elytral intervals flat, rugose; striae well impressed, distinctly punctate; oval, white scales form a vague, diffuse post-scutellar patch on interval 1, 2 and 4, an oblique lateral band from interval 6 to 9 and a sparse scattering on posterior elytral half; bronzy, ligulate scales, 2-3-seriate elsewhere on intervals and flattened, translucent, white setae in striae; apical calli well developed, muricate; length 1.08 times width. Venter with wide, oval, white moderately dense scales; (cf) fovea of 5th abdominal segment broad oval, moderately impressed, clothed as abdomen, occupying the entire length and about 1/3 the width of the segment, slightly elevated later- ally; pygidium roughly punctate, slightly convex, clothed with mixed setae and white scales. Legs dark piceous to light piceous apically; femoral tooth vague but marked by white scales; femora clothed with pale flattened setae; tibiae not mucronate; tarsal segment 4 less 3's length beyond 3; tarsal claws edentate. TYPES. A single specimen in the Philadelphia Academy of Science from Vancouver; a single specimen in the U. S. National Museum from 25 Los Angeles Co., California; bearing the type label no. 1374; and a series in the Museum of Comparative Zoology bearing type labels no. 3015. The date-locality information on the MCZ specimens is: one from Pomona Mountains California, Sep.; one from Yosemite Valley, California, lO-V-79; three from Portland, Oregon; one from the Western Territory; one from Victoria, Vancouver. DISTRIBUTION. BRITISH COLUMBIA: Victoria, Vancouver; CALIFORNIA: Pomona Mountains, Yosemite Valley; OREGON: Portland; UTAH: WASHINGTON: Puyallop. Part of the series from which Dietz described this species in- cluded part of Leconte's type series of g. angulatus. g. disturbatus however, is smaller, less robust, and without the angulate fascia on the elytra. g: angulatus Leconte (Fig. 35) Q. angulatus Leconte in Leconte and Horn. 1876. Rhynchophora of America North of Mexico, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. XV: 277. Length 2.5 mm.; width 1.55 mm. Pitchy black dorsally, black ventrally. Head coarsely punctate; vertex with a fine median carina; puncts near carina with narrow white scales, other puncts with lan- ceolate bronze scales; interocular area slightly convex; eyes slightly elevated. Beak coarsely punctate and sulcate basally, punctulate apicad of scape insertion; length (cf) 1.16 times pronotal width or 1.47 times pronotal length. Antenna piceous; funicle 6—segmented; club ovate; (<9) scape inserted 1.2 times its length from beak apex. Pronotum coarsely punctate; sulcus complete, wide; tubercles prominent, 26 acute; apical constriction elevated, deeply emarginate; ocular lobes distinct; vestiture of oval, dirty white, scales on sides and basally in sulcus, elsewhere with brown ligulate scales; width 1.29 times length. Elytral intervals slightly convex, rugose; striae narrow, well impressed; apical calli distinctly muricate; an angulate band of imbricate, oval white scales extending obliquely backward from the scutellum to the 6th interval and then obliquely forward to the 9th interval; similar scales forming ani anteapical patch between and be- hind the apical calli, and a diffuse patch anterior to the callus; brown, ligulate, 2-3-seriate scales elsewhere on the elytra; length 1.11 times width. Sternum clothed with dense, oval, white scales; (cg) fovea of 5th abdominal segment large, broad, shallow, clothed as the rest of the abdomen, slightly elevated laterally; Pygidium convex, very coarsely punctate, obscurely clothed with fine short setae. Legs red-brown, tarsi orangish; femoral tooth area marked by a tuft of white scales; femora clothed with lanceolate white scales and ligulate white and brown setae; tibiae not unguiculate; tarsal segment 4 equal to the combined length of 2 and 3; 4 projects beyond 3 equal to 3'5 length; tarsal claws edentate. TYPES. Four specimens from California in the Museum of Comparative Zoology, bearing type labels no. 3035. DISTRIBUTION. CALIFORNIA: Camp Baldy, Los Angeles Co., Kings River, Pasadena, Pomona Mountains; ONTARIO: Huntington. Leconte listed Vancouver Island (British Columbia) as a type locality, but such specimens are not now in his collection. Apparently these specimens formed part of the series upon which Dietz based the species description of g. disturbatus. 27 9. angulatus differs from g. disturbatus in being larger and with an angulate fascia on the elytra. g. obliquus Leconte (Figs. 7, 36) C. obliguus Leconte in Leconte and Horn. 1876. Rhynchophora of America North of Mexico, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. XV: 278. Length 2.3 mm.; width 1.45 mm. Body black. Head coarsely punctate; vertex carinate; clothed with moderately dense, yellowish, ligulate scales. Beak stout, clothed with ligulate scales to scape insertion and narrow setae apically; length about equal to pronotal length or .83 times pronotal width. Antenna yellow-brown; funicle 6-segmented; club ovate; scape inserted .75 times its length from beak apex. Pronotum black with ferruginous anterior border; disc with large, deep, contiguous, rough puncts; sulcus wide, shallow and vague medially; tubercles oblique, distinct; scutellum nearly hidden, not glabrous; ocular lobes well developed; apical constriction not elevated; wide lanceolate, yellowish scales on sides and less dense in sulcus, ligulate scales elsewhere; width 1.2 times length. Elytral striae well impressed and punctate; intervals flat, rugulose, width twice strial width; apical calli prominent, slightly muricate; brassy 3-seriate, ligulate scales on intervals 1.5 times the width of the flat, white, strial setae; wide ovate, white scales form an inverted-V mark behind the scutellum and an oblique lateral band from interval 6 to 9; length 1.1 times width. Venter clothed with large, oval, imbricate to contiguous, creamy white scales; fovea of 5th abdominal segment broad oval, occupying the full length of the segment, elevated each side, scaled 28 like the abdomen plus a few long hairs; pygidium convex, with large deep puncts and mixed oval scales and long hairs. Legs rufous; femoral tooth marked by tuft of oval scales, indistinct on front legs; front femora stout; clothed with wide ligulate scales; all tibiae stout and widened apically, not mucronate; tarsal segment 4 about equal to the combined length of 2 8 3; 4 projects beyond 3 equal to 3'8 length; claws edentate. TYPES. A single specimen from San Mateo, California, in the Museum of Comparative Zoology, bearing the type label no. 3036. DISTRIBUTION. CALIFORNIA: San Mateo; ARIZONA: TEXAS: UTAH. 0f the three specimens from which Leconte described this species, only one specimen is now in his collection. The only other specimens that I have seen are two specimens from California in the U. S. National Museum. The localities other than California listed above are according to Dietz (1896), but none of these specimens remain in his collection. Dietz considered the Utah and Texas specimens to be variants, which he designated simply as A and B respectively. 9. obliquus resembles g. angulatus, but differs in its smaller size and more distinct interruption of the angulate fascia of the elytra. g. E§g_Leconte (Figs. 8, 37) C. tau_Leconte in Leconte and Horn. 1876. Rhynchophora of America North of Mexico, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. XV: 278. Length 2.5 mm.; width 1.6 mm. Piceous black above, black below. Head with large, deep, puncts; clothed with bronzy, wide, ligulate 29 scales, oval off-white scales along carina and at posterior of head; interocular area flat. Beak deeply punctate and setate throughout; length ((9) about equal to pronotal width or 1.33 times pronotal length. Antenna piceous; funicle 6-segmented; club acute oval; scape (c?) in- serted 1.28 times its length from beak apex. Pronotum with large, dense, deep puncts; sulcus complete, deepest basally; tubercles moderate, transverse; apical constriction slightly elevated, emarginate medially; ocular lobes well developed; wide, oval, white scales along sulcus and on sides, integument-colored, inconspicuous setae on disc; width 1.40 times length. Elytral intervals slightly convex, densely punctate; striae well defined and impressed; apical calli well developed, densely muricate; large, round-oval, white scales form an oblique lateral band from interval 6 to 9 and a split inverted T pattern (_H_ ) on intervals 1 to 4 behind the scutellum; off-white to pinkish, similar, dense scales along interval 1 and generally posterior to the lateral bands; irides- cent, brassy, wide ligulate scales elsewhere and also some mixed with posterior vestiture; strial vestiture off-white, lanceolate scales narrower than white scales on intervals; length 1.12 times width. Venter with dense, imbricate, white, round-oval scales; (cfi) fovea of 5th abdominal segment shallow, round, clothed as abdomen, with a diameter equal to the segment's length; pygidium flat, punctate, densely clothed with oval, whitish scales. Legs reddish brown; femoral tooth marked on all legs by white scale tufts; femora clothed with wide, brassy, ligulate scales laterally and dense, oval, white scales basally and dorsally near the tooth; tibiae not mucronate; tarsal segment 4 slightly less than the combined length of 2 and 3; 4 projects beyond 3 equal to 3'5 length; tarsal claws edentate. 30 TYPES. A single specimen from Texas in the Museum of Comparative Zoology bearing the type label no. 3037. DISTRIBUTION. TEXAS: Belfrage, Mouton; NORTH DAKOTA: McVille. Leconte states that the single specimen from which he described this species was from Belfrage, Texas, but the specimen in the MCZ collection bears only the locality label, ”Tex." This species is very close to g. consanguineus, but differs primarily in the configuration of the white scales behind the scutellum described in the key. The widened tibiae of g. consanguineus described by Dietz, is not very evident in most specimens and does not serve as a good character to separate it from C. tau. Smith (l932) and Alstatt and Smith (1942) report 9. tau as a pest on onions and garlic in Texas. C. consanguineus Dietz (Fig. 38) Q. consanguineus Dietz. 1896. Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. XXIII: 426 Length 2.3 mm.; width 1.5 mm. Dark reddish-brown dorsally and black ventrally. Head coarsely punctate; vestiture of flattened setae; vertex carinate; interocular area flat to concave. Beak punctate to scape insertion, punctulate apically; glabrous with only a few fine hairs apically; length (3) a little less than the pronotal width or 1.28 times pronotal length. Antenna dark red-brown; funicle 6-segmented; club broadly oval; ($3) scape inserted 1.0 times its length from beak apex or slightly apicad of beak middle. Pronotum with dense, moderately deep puncts; sulcus complete but less deep medially; tubercles distinct, transverse; scutellum small, glabrous; apical constriction slightly 31 elevated, not emarginate medially; ocular lobes distinct; vestiture of broad, white scales along sulcus and laterad of tubercular area, and narrow brown scales on disc; width 1.43 times~length. Elytral inter- vals flat to slightly convex; striae seep, distinct; apical calli indistinctly muricate; vestiture of 2-3-seriate, narrow brown scales on intervals and slightly narrower, white, setaceous scales in striae; broad, white, imbricate scales forming a somewhat omega-shaped post- scutellar pattern and a lateral band from interval 6 to 10; length 1.0 times width. Venter with oval, white, moderately dense scales; puncts large, shallow; (2) fovea of 5th abdominal segment absent; pygidium flat to convex with few small oval scales and hairs. Legs reddish- brown, paler than elytra; femoral teeth indistinct; front and middle tibiae short, stout; not unguiculate; tarsal segment 4 less than the combined length of 3 8 2; 4 projects beyond 3 slightly more than 3'5 length; tarsal claws edentate. TYPES. A single specimen from Nevada in the Museum of Compara- tive Zoology bearing the type label no. 3014; and a single specimen in the Philadelphia Academy of Science collection with no collection data label, bearing the lectotype label no. 2762. DISTRIBUTION. ALBERTA: Brooks, Cypress Hills, Tilley; CALIFORNIA: MANITOBA: Aweme; NEVADA: OREGON: SASKATCHEWAN: Saskatoon. Dietz described this species from three Nevada specimens in Dr. Horn's collection. The type in the MCZ collection bears a Nevada label, but the lectotype in the PAS collection bears no collection data label. However, the PAS specimen fits Dietz's description of the species much better, especially in the character of the widened tibiae 32 of the forelegs. This particular character is not distinct in any other specimens of C. consanguineus examined. Dietz remarks on the similarity of this species to Q. angulatus and C. disturbatus, but it is more likely to be confused with g. tau, a species Dietz did not see at the time of his writing. A specimen from Brooks, Alberta in the Canadian National Collection bears the label "alfalfa". GROUP B The species of this group are black, with a 7-segmented funicle, more or less distinctly toothed claws, large pronotal tubercles, tubular apical constriction with a distinctly elevated anterior margin and mutic femora except in g. pervestitus. The elytra are distinctly tuberculate at least on the humeri and apical calli except in g. pervestitus in which case the apical calli are binodal. Dense, imbricate, pale, oval scales cover the integument except in g. horni in which case the scales are confined to the venter and to a sutural vitta. The general shape is quadrate and the fovea of the 5th abdominal male segment is oval and usually shallow. Male tibiae mucronate. Key to Species of Group B l. Femora toothed, apical calli binodal . . . . . . . . . pervestitus ---Femora not toothed, apical calli tuberculate . . . . . . . . . . 2 2. Glabrous except for a sutural vitta, claw tOOtll Short 0 I O O O C 0 O O O O I O O O O O O O O I O I C horni ---Densely scaly, claw tooth long . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 3. Tubercles in rows on interspaces . . . . . . . . . . . .nodipennis ---Tubercles confined to humeri and apical calli . . . . . . adjunctus 33 34 g. pervestitus Fall (Fig. 39) g. pervestitus Fall. 1901. Occ. Papers, Cal. Ac. Sci. VIII: 267 Length 2.6 mm.; width 1.5 mm. Sculpture and color of integument hidden by dense vestiture. Head densely scaled; vertex carinate. Beak striate to scape insertion, punctulate apically; densely scaled basally with prone and suberect scales; beak length (cf) about equal to pronotal width or 1.2 times pronotal length. Antenna piceous; (cf) scape in- serted 1.67 times its length from beak apex; funicle 7-segmented; club oval, acuminate. Pronotum entirely scaled with pale tan, oval imbricate scales except for erect, ligulate scales at posterior sulcus border; apical constriction tubular, distinctly elevated, a transverse ridge between the tubercles divides the pronotum in halves at different levels; sulcus very wide, entire; tubercles prominent; width 1.27 times length. Elytra with imbricate, dirty white to pale tan, oval scales; erect to suberect, flat, dark brown setae occurring singly and in tufts on inter- vals; strial vestiture elongate, narrow, ligulate, white scales; sutural interval with rusty white, slightly lifted, imbricate scales forming a vague vitta; apical calli distinct, binodal; length 1.16 times width. Venter with dense, pearly tan and white imbricate, oval scales; (<7) fovea of 5th abdominal segment shallow, oval, not distinct; pygidium flat to concave, with dense oval white scales. Legs light piceous apically; femoral vestiture as on sternum, tooth position marked by tufts of scales on all legs; tibiae distinctly mucronate; tarsal segment 4 equal to or slightly greater than the combined length of 2 & 3; 4 projects beyond 3 about twice 3's length; tarsal claws divergent with small, acute; distinct, basal tooth. 35 TYPES. One specimen from Kern Co., California in the Museum of Comparative Zoology bearing the type label no. 25225. DISTRIBUTION. CALIFORNIA: Kern Co. Fall recorded his single specimen from Bakersfield, California, but the type is labeled only "Kern Co., California". He referred this species to Dietz's 'subpubescens group', but it seems to be in a group by itself or more similar to Dietz's 'tuberculipennis' (horni) group. 9. horni Dietz (Figs. 9, 40) g. horni Dietz. 1896. Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. XXIII: 435 Length 2.7 mm.; width 1.75 mm. Body and head black. Head distinctly carinate, roughly punctate, finely setate, concave between eyes. Beak setate basally; striate and punctate to scape insertion, naked and less sculptured apically;(c?) beak longer than pronotal width, about 1.39 times pronotal length. Antenna piceous; (c?) scape inserted 1.11 times its length from beak apex; funicle 7-segmented; club ovate, acuminate. Pronotum roughly punctate; finely setate; sulcus moderately deep at extremities, obsolescent medially; apical constriction tubular, elevated; ocular lobes indistinct; tubercles large, transverse, con- cave on anterior face; width 1.46 length. Elytra very distinctly tuberculate; narrow white scales forming a sutural vitta and long, fine, suberect setae on disc; length 1.06 times width. Venter clothed with moderately dense scales, denser on side pieces. (:5) fovea of 5th abdominal segment oval, not very deep. Legs black to piceous; femora mutic, clothed with mixed setae and narrow, white scales; tibiae mucronate; tarsal segment 4 less than the combined length of 2 & 3; 36 4 projects beyond 3 about equal to 3'3 length; tarsal claws with a distinct basal tooth. TYPES. A single specimen from Southern California bearing the type label no. 3019 in the Museum of Comparative Zoology; and a single specimen from Southern California, type no. 2767, in the Philadelphia Academy of Science. DISTRIBUTION. SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA. This species is easily recognized by it glabrous, strongly tuberculate elytra and sutural vitta of white scales. 0. nodipennis Dietz (Fig. 41) g. nodipennis Dietz. 1896. Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. XXIII: 435 Length 2.1 mm.; width 1.33 mm. Body and head black. Head with distinct, longitudinal, carina on vertex; covered with dense, imbricate, oval, white scales; concave between eyes. Beak deeply strio-punctate to scape insertion, less so apically; glabrous except for scales at base; length (6") 1.3 times pronotal length, about equal to its width. Antenna piceous; (Cr) scape inserted 1.45 times its length from beak apex; funicle 7-segmented; club long oval, acuminate. Pronotum covered with dense, oval, white, imbricate scales occluding the sculpturing; sulcus not evident; tubercles large, prominent, similar to elytral tubercles; width 1.23 times length; apical margin tubular, elevated. Elytra covered with dense, oval, white, imbricate scales; flattened setae in striae; distinct tubercles on humeri, apical calli, 3, 5, 6, 7 intervals and apically on 4; length 1.01 times width. Venter clothed as dorsum. (c9) fovea of 5th abdominal segment round-oval, deep, 37 scaled. Pygidium with wide lanceolate and few small white scales. Legs rufo-piceous, clothed with oval, white, imbricate scales; middle and hind tibiae mucronate; tarsal segment 4 about equal to the combined length of 2 & 3; 4 projects beyond 3 more than 3'5 length; tarsal claws with a long tooth, nearly bifid. TYPES. All the types are from Los Angeles, California. The specimen in the Museum of Comparative Zoology bears the type label no. 3020, and those in the U. S. National Museum the type label no. 1375. DISTRIBUTION. CALIFORNIA: Los Angeles. Dietz described this species from ten USNM specimens, all from Los Angeles, California. No other specimens seem to be in other collections. This species most closely resembles C. adjunctus, but differs particularly in the presence of tubercles on the elytral disc. 0. adjunctus Dietz (Figs. 10, 42) g. adjunctus Dietz. 1896. Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. XXIII: 436. [O stanleyi Leng. 1920. Cat. of the Coleo. of Amer., North of Mexico. Length 2.25 mm.; width 1.25 mm. Venter, pronotum, head and thorax black. Head very distinctly carinate; densely covered with oval, white, imbricate scales; slightly concave between eyes. Beak smooth, naked, moderately curved; (c?) beak length 1.31 times pronotal length or slightly less than the pronotal width. Antenna piceous; (Cr) scape inserted about 2 times its length from beak apex; funicle 7-segmented; club broad oval, acuminate. Pronotum covered with dense, imbricate, 38 oval, white scales occluding the sculpturing; sulcus shallow, partly occluded by vestiture; tubercles large, transverse, concave on anterior face; apical margin tubular, elevated, crenulo-emarginate; ocular lobes well developed; width 1.36 times length. Elytra covered by dense, imbricate, broad oval, white scales, narrow in the striae; scales occlude most of the sculpture; humeri, apical calli and declivity dis- tinctly tuberculate; length 1.16 times width. Venter clothed as dorsum; (c?) fovea absent from 5th abdominal segment; pygidium densely clothed with oval, white scales. Legs reddish-brown, femora mutic, clothed with dense, white, oval white scales; tibial ungues absent; tarsal segment 4 equal to the combined length of 2 & 3; 4 projects beyond 3 about twice the length of 3; tarsal claws with a very long tooth. TYPE. A single specimen from Am. Fk. Can., Utah; type no. 2768, in the Philadelphia Academy of Science collection. DISTRIBUTION. CALIFORNIA: IDAHO: NEVADA: Hawthorne; UTAH: American Fork. According to Dietz (1896), the types of g. adjunctus were from Horn's and Ulke's collections. The specimen in the Ulke collection at the Carnegie Museum does not bear a type label however. According to Chittenden (1900), this species has been collected from Stanleya sp. It was probably collected from Stanleya by Schwarz also who applied the cheironym g. stanleyi to the beetle. Since the name stanleyi was first published by Leng (1920) as a synonym of adjunctus, Leng must receive authorship of the name. GROUP C This group corresponds to the European genus Ceuthorrhynchidius except for C. sulcipennis which has a 7-segmented funicle. The femora and claws are toothed. The elytra are hispid, muricate to tuberculate (except in Q. armatus), and with a postscutellar spot (except 9. armatus). The male tibiae are mucronate except in C. decipiens, and tarsal segment 4 is equal to the combined length of 2 and 3. The general shape is short oval, the PN tubercles obsolescent. Key to Species of Group C l. Antenna 7-segmented . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . sulcipennis ---Antenna 6-segmented . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 2. Elytral intervals not muricate, no postscutellar Spot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . armatus ---Elytral intervals muricate, postscutellar spot present . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 3. Setae long, fine, recurved near apex . . . . . . . . . . echinatus ---Setae short, flattened, not greatly curved. . . . . . . . decipiens g. sulcipennis Leconte (Figs. 11, 43) Ag. sulcipennis Leconte in Leconte and Horn. 1876. Rhynchophora of Anerica North of Jwexico, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. XV: 274. Length 2.5 mm.; width 1.65 mm. Head and body black. Head 39 I..|I|4| III‘] I] . ll“|-II- [III‘ 40 rugose; clothed with white setae; vertex carinate; interocular area flat. Beak punctate to scape insertion, punctulate apically; white setae to scape insertion, a few scales in front of and many behind eyes; (3') beak length about equal to pronotal width or 1.25 times pronotal length. Antenna piceous; (cf) scape inserted 1.11 times its length from beak apex; funicle 7-segmented; club oval, acuminate. Pronotum with large, deep, distinct puncts; sulcus distinct basally, obsolete else- where; tubercles small, acute; apical constriction not elevated, broadly and shallowly emarginate; ocular lobes weak; recumbent, white setae on disc and narrow, white scales basally in sulcus and laterad of the tubercles; width 1.37 times length. Elytra distinctly tuberculate; naked except for postscutel spot of white scales and small strial setae; striae deeply punctate; intervals appear highly convex because of tubercles; apical calli obsolete; length 1.06 times width. Sternum with large, shallow, distinct puncts, clothed with relatively dense, long oval, white scales; abdominal scales white, distinct, lanceolate; (cf) fovea of 5th abdominal segment round, shallow, about 3/4 the 5th sternum's length; pygidium convex, distinctly punctate, sparsely setiferous. Legs black with piceous tarsi; femora tooth distinct on meso- and metafemora, vague on front femora, clothed with white, narrow, setaceous scales; tibiae unguiculate; tarsal segment 4 equal to the combined length of 2 & 3; 4 projecting slightly more than 3'8 length beyond 3; tarsal claws with long, distinct tooth. TYPES. A series from Illinois, Kansas, Nebraska, and Detroit, Piichigan, bearing the type label no. 3038 in the Museum of Comparative Zoology. DISTRIBUTION. ALABAMA: ARKANSAS: COLORADO: D.C.: IOWA: 41 Riverbow; ILLINOIS: INDIANA: KANSAS: Lawrence, Orange; LOUISIANA: Winnfield; MANITOBA: Aweme, Pierson, Tresbank; MARYLAND: MASSACHUSETTS: MICHIGAN: Detroit; MINNESOTA: MISSISSIPPI: MISSOURI: NEBRASKA: NEW JERSEY: NEW MEXICO: Los Vegas; NEW YORK: Long Island; OKALHOMA: PENNSYLVANIA: Rockville; QUEBEC: Montreal; SOUTH DAKOTA: Volgo; VERMONT: VIRGINIA: Potomac Creek; WASHINGTON: WYOMING: YUKON TERRITORY: Dawson. Despite its wide distribution, nothing has been published or recorded on the biology of this beetle. It is easily recognized by its naked, muricate elytra with a distinct postscutellar spot. 9. armatus Dietz (Fig. 44) g. armatus Dietz. 1896. Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. XXIII: 433. Length 2.5 mm.; width 1.45 mm. Entirely rufous. Head with large, deep puncts; scales ligulate and spaced; carina on vertex not distinct; interocular area flat. Beak striate laterally and dorso- laterally, deep puncts on mesad border of dorsal striae; sparse setae on basal half; (5?) beak length about equal to pronotal width or 1.6 times pronotal length. Antenna orangish; ($3) scape inserted 1.0 times its length from beak apex; funicle 7-segmented; club oval, acuminate. Pronotum roughly and closely punctate; sulcus shallow, obsolete medially; tubercles obsolete; apical constriction finely notched on apical margin; ocular lobes moderately developed; white scales broad oval and ligulate along sulcus and on sides, disc with ligulate scales blending with integumental color; width 1.47 times length. Elytral striae not very Cieep, coarsely punctate; intervals convex, smooth; intervals with nearly 42 erect, ligulate scales, the striae apparently with no vestiture; apical calli tuberculate; length 1.17 times width. Venter with spaced, oval, white scales; (3) fovea of 5th abdominal segment absent. Legs rufous; femoral teeth large, distinct, femoral vestiture of white ligulate scales; tibiae not mucronate; tarsal segment 4 equal to the combined length of 2 & 3; 4 projects beyond 3 equal to 3'5 length; tarsal claws each with a long distinct tooth, nearly bifid. TYPES. A single specimen from Texas in the Ulke collection at the Carnegie Museum. DISTRIBUTION: TEXAS. Because of the small pygidium not visible from below, and the scarcely prominent anterior coxae, Dietz was inclined toward a generic separation of this Species, but because the single specimen before him was a female, he declined to do so. The only specimens seen, other than the type, were two specimens from Texas in the U. S. National Museum. 9. echinatus Fall (Fig. 45) g. echinatus Fall. 1917. Canad. Ent. XLIX: 386-387. Length 2.4 mm.; width 1.5 mm. Entirely piceous brown. Head deeply contiguously punctate; hirsute; vertex with a short carina. Beak deeply punctate throughout, slightly striate basally; with long recurved hairs throughout; (gf) beak thick, .9 times the pronotal width or 1.2 times pronotal length. Antenna light brown to yellowish; (cf) scape inserted 1.0 times its length from beak apex; funicle 6- segmented; club long oval, acuminate. Pronotum with moderately large, 43 deep puncts, sometimes contiguous; sulcus complete, shallow; tubercles small, obtuse, not prominent; apical constriction slightly elevated; ocular lobes normally developed; vestiture of very long fine curved hairs and also a few narrow white scales at sulcus base and at hind angles; width 1.33 times length. Elytra with a postscutellar spot of lanceolate, white scales, the remainder with only long curved hairs; disc very tuberculate to muricate laterally; striae wide, shallow, deeply punctate; intervals flat except for tubercles; apical obsolete; length equal to width. Venter with elongate, lanceolate, white scales not dense except on side pieces; (c?) fovea of 5th abdominal segment shallow, a vague cusp laterally, equal to the length of the segment; pygidium concave, pilose. Legs piceous; femoral tooth on each leg small, acute, marked by tufts of hair; tibiae mucronate on all legs; tarsal segment 4 equal to the combined length of 2 & 3; 4 projects be- yond 3 equal to 3'8 length; tarsal claws dentate. TYPES. From Aweme, Manitoba, bearing the type label no. 25219, in the Museum of Comparative Zoology. DISTRIBUTION. MANITOBA: Aweme. All the specimens in the Museum of Comparative Zoology, the Canadian National Collection and the U.S. National Museum are from Aweme, Manitoba. The single specimen in the USNM bears a note in Buchanan's hand saying, ”really 7 ant. segs. but the 7th ant. seg. seems part of the club”. The species is easily recognized by its muricate elytra bearing very long recurved setae. Fall records Heuchera hispida (Griddle) as a host plant, and a specimen in the CNC also bears such a label. 44 Q. decipiens Leconte (Figs. 12, 46) Q. decipiens Leconte in Leconte and Horn. 1876. Rhynchophora of America North of Mexico, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. XV: 275. Length 2.0 mm.; width 1.3 mm. Venter and head black, pronotum and elytra piceous black. Head coarsely punctate; vertex carinate; setate; interocular area flat. Beak punctate throughout, striate laterally from base to scape insertion, setate; (cf) beak length 1.25 times pronotal width or 1.49 times pronotal length. Antenna dark reddish brown; (¢f) scape inserted .78 times its length from beak apex; funicle 6-segmented; club oval, acuminate. Pronotum with coarse, relatively deep, spaced puncts; sulcus obsolete except basally; tubercles vague, acute; apical margin not elevated; ocular lobes distinct; vestiture of brown, flat setae with a few broader white scales in the sulcus base; width 1.19 times length. Elytra shiny, with hair-like setae l-2-seriate on intervals and white scales forming a distinct post- scutellar spot and vague apical spots; intervals convex, elevated, slightly tuberculate; apical calli obsolete; length 1.08 times width. Venter with ovate, white scales sparse except on sidepieces; (c?) fovea of 5th abdominal segment transversely oval, occupying about 1/2 the segment's length and l/3 its width; pygidium punctate, with hair-like and slightly broader white scales. Legs reddish brown; femoral teeth small, evident; femoral vestiture of narrow, white scales; tibiae not mucronate; tarsal segment 4 equal to the combined length of 2 8 3; 4 projects beyond 3 equal to 3'8 length; tarsal claws with a small, acute, basal tooth. TYPES. Two specimens in the Museum of Comparative Zoology 45 bearing the type label no. 3034; one from Michigan and one with no data. DISTRIBUTION. ALBERTA: Lundbreck; COLORADO: MICHIGAN: Marquette; MANITOBA: Aweme, Broomhill; NEW YORK: ONTARIO: Britania, Mer Bleue, Ottawa, Sudbury, Trenton; SASKATCHEWAN: UTAH: WYOMING. Dietz (1896) and Blatchley (1916) record California and North Carolina also. Leconte described this species from two specimens, one from Michigan and one from Kansas. The type specimen without data is un- doubtedly the Kansas specimen. A specimen in the Canadian National Collection bears a label, "from willow", Aweme, Manitoba. Dr. W. J. Brown felt that perhaps the willow label was erroneous, because Cruciferae and willow grow together as low plants in this area, and perhaps the specimen was actually swept from a cruciferous plant instead of willow. GROUP D These species seem to form a fairly natural grouping. They are medium to large sized, exceeding 2.0 mm., usually by a noticeable margin. They all have toothed femora, and, with the exception of g, sericans, 7-segmented funicles. The toothed femora and 7-segmented funicle dis- tinguish this group from all other American Ceutorhynchus species, ex- cept C. pervestitus, which is much more densely vestitured than members of this group, and C. sulcipennis in group C, which has distinctly muricate or tuberculate elytra. Key to Species of Group D l. Funicle 6-Segmented . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . sericans ---Funicle 7-segmented . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 2. Claws simple . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 ---C1aws toothed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 3. Black, frons limited on each side by a row of erect scales, frons slightly concave . . . . . . . . . . . . .isolatus ---Steel blue, head with coarse pubescence . . . . . . . . . . bolteri 4. Claw teeth long, sometimes nearly bifid . 5 ---Claw teeth short, acute . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 5. Pygidium with a deep narrow sulcus, pronotal tubercles obsolete . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . punctiger 46 47 ---Pygidium and pronotal tubercles normal . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 6. Scutellar spot present, elytral setae long, tarsi and antennae red-brown . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . quadridens --—Scute11ar spot absent, elytra without long setae, tarsi and antennae black . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 7. Vestiture of uniform narrow scales . . . . . . . . . . . . . rapae ---Vestiture with some squamiform scales on elytra . . . . . . . . . 8 8. Narrower vestiture of the elytra white . . . . : . . . squamosulus ---Narrower vestiture of the elytra brown . . . . . . . subpubescens 9. Elytra metallic blue or green . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10 ---Elytra not metallic blue or green, black. . . . . . . . . . . . .11 10. Interval 6 with l-seriate setae, l-2-seriate elsewhere . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . aeratus ----Interva1 6 with partly 2-seriate setae, 2-3-seriate elsewhere . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .americanus 11. Without a postscutellar spot, general appearance scurfy, diffuse interocular patch of white scales, antennae yellow-brown . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . rudis ----A postscutellar spot distinct or not, antennae piceous . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12 12. Postscutellar spot distinct on interstriae l and 2 . . . notatulus ----Postscutellar spot vague . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . invisus 48 g. sericans Leconte (Fig. 47, 17) g. sericans Leconte in Leconte and Horn. 1876. Rhynchophora of America North of Mexico, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. XV: 275. g. solitarius Fall. 1907. Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. XXXIII: 269. NEW SYNONYMY Length 2.5 mm.; width 1.5 mm. Entirely black. Head with setaceous scales directed centrad; vertex with a short carina; interocular area slightly concave. Beak deeply punctate to scape insertion, striate laterally; narrow scales basally becoming narrower apically until they are mere hairs at apex; (c?) beak length .86 times pronotal width or 1.2 times pronotal length. Antenna piceous; (c?) scape inserted 1.14 times its length from beak apex; funicle 6-segmented; club long, oval, acuminate. Pronotum densely punctate; sulcus very deep basally, obso- lete elsewhere; tubercles distinct, obtuse; apical constriction elevated; ocular lobes normally developed; narrow brown scales of disc directed cephalad on basal half and caudad on apical half, oval white scales on sides and a few along median line; width 1.4 times length. Elytra with well impressed, deeply punctate striae; intervals flat, rugulo-punctate; scales brownish, iridescent, ligulate, 3-4-seriate on intervals; scattered, narrow, white scales and fine setae in striae; postscutellar spot of white scales on interval 1; apical calli muricate; length 1.17 times width. Venter with moderately dense, white, variously shaped scales; (4?) fovea of 5th abdominal segment broad-oval, with vague lateral elevations, hairy within the depression; pygidum flat to con- cave with dense oval scales. Legs black with piceous tarsi; femoral tooth distinctly marked on all legs by tufted, white scales; femoral vestiture of narrow, ligulate scales slightly narrower than those on 49 the elytra, and scattered, wide-lanceolate scales similar to those on the abdomen; tibiae mucronate; tarsal segment 4 less than the combined length of 2 & 3; 4 projects beyond 3 equal to 3'8 length; tarsal claws each with a small, acute, basal tooth. TYPES. A single specimen from California bearing the type label no. 3034 in the Museum of Comparative Zoology. DISTRIBUTION. ARKANSAS: CALIFORNIA: Calaveras; COLORADO: Boulder, Gunnison, Veta Pass; IDAHO: MANITOBA: Aweme; NEW MEXICO: ONTARIO: Ottawa. The confusion between C. sericans Leconte and g. solitarius Fall undoubtedly arose with Leconte's description stating that g. sericans was with 7-segmented funicles, when it really possesses 6-segmented funicles. When it is recognized that g, sericans has 6-segmented funicles it falls into Dietz's 'angulatus' group where it is apparently out of place, or very obviously different from other members of that group. It was apparently this trap that caused Fall to think that he had a new species in g. solitarius. A USNM specimen has the label attached, '9. sericans Lec. with 6 fun. segs.', indicating that it had been recognized that certain specimens resembled g. sericans in every respect except the number of funicular segments stated by Leconte. Prior to seeing this note I had relaxed the type of g. sericans to examine the obscured antennae, and found that the funicle is really 6-segmented. Fall's type of g. solitarius from Gunnison, Colo., bearing the type label no. 25226 is in the Museum of Comparative Zoology. 50 g. isolatus Dietz (Fig. 16) Q. isolatus Dietz. 1896. Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. XXIII: 422. Length 2.4 mm.; width 1.4 mm. Entirely black. Head deeply punctate; clothed with narrow, white scales and brownish setae; vertex with a short carina; interocular area concave. Beak striate, with erect setae and scales basally to scape insertion; length (d’) .895 times pronotal width or 1.21 times pronotal length. Antenna brownish black; (cf) scape inserted near beak middle or 1.43 times its length from beak apex; funicle 7-segmented; club ovate, acuminate. Pronotum deeply, distinctly, punctate; sulcus distinct except for median obsolescence; tubercles distinct, transverse; apical constriction very slightly elevated; ocular lobes moderately developed; narrow white scales in sulcus extremities and sparse on disc; brown, fine erect setae elsewhere; width 1.36 times length. Elytra with a salt and pepper effect due to white scales against black integument; scales very narrow, white, generally not densely distributed; a short postscutellar spot on in- terval l of long, oval, white scales; fine brown setae l-seriate on intervals; intervals flat, rugulose; striae with a narrow white scale per each vague punct; apical calli muricate; length 1.18 times width. Venter with dense, lanceolate, white scales; punctation distinct; (d‘) fovea of 5th abdominal segment oval, slightly elevated laterally, occupying the entire segment length and about 1/3 its width. Femora black, with large tooth on all legs, clothed with mixed narrow white scales and brown setae; tibiae brown, mucronate; tarsi brown, segment 4 equal to the combined length of 2 & 3; 4 projects beyond 3 equal to 3'8 length; tarsal claws edentate. 51 TYPES. A single specimen from Nevada in the Museum of Comparative Zoology bearing the type label no. 3013; and a single specimen from California, type no. 2761, in the Philadelphia Academy of Science. DISTRIBUTION. IDAHO: Castleford, Hollister; MONTANA: NEVADA: Elko; CALIFORNIA: WASHINGTON: Yakima. Dietz described this species from three specimens, one each from California, Montana and Nevada from his own and Ulke's collection. A specimen of G. isolatus in the Ulke collection at the Carnegie Museum does not bear a type label, but it possibly could be a type. A specimen in the USNM bears a label 'S. filipes' for which I cannot determine a significance. 9. bolteri Dietz (Fig. 48) C. bolteri Dietz. 1896. Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. XXIII: 432. _ hirticollis Dietz. 1896. l.c., p. 433. _ gyanipennis Julich. 1889. Ent. Am. V: 56-57. g. ervsimi (auct.) Length 2.4 mm.; width 1.42 mm. Entirely black, the elytra bluish-black. Head with moderately large, deep spaced puncts and an indistinct, brown seta per punct; vertex finely carinate; interocular area flat and clothed with flat, brassy setae forming a very vague patch. Beak strio-punctate, sparsely setulate to scape insertion, weakly punctulate and naked apically; length (3?) about equal to pronotal width or 1.33 times pronotal length. Antenna black; (53) scape inserted 1.25 times its length from beak apex; funicle 7-segmented; club broadly oval, acuminate. Pronotum with moderately coarse, deep, dense puncts; 52 vestiture of narrow white scales, not dense on sides and in sulcus; sulcus wide, moderately deep at extremities, obsolescent and narrower medially; tubercles distinct, acute; apical constriction not elevated; ocular lobes normally developed; width 1.27 times width. Elytra with broad, flat, rugulose intervals with small, recumbent, brown, l-2-seriate setae; striae well impressed, distinct, punctate; apical calli distinct, muricate; a postscutellar spot of small, narrow, white scales; length 1.13 times width. Venter with lanceolate, white, spaced scales; (1?) fovea of 5th abdominal segment a shallow, round vague depression; pygidium concave, roughly punctate, sparsely setulate. Legs black; femora clothed with brassy, ligulate scales, tooth distinct on middle and hind femora, smaller on front femora; tibiae not mucronate; tarsal segment 4 equal to or slightly less than the combined length of 2 & 3; 4 projects beyond 3 equal to 3'8 length; tarsal claws edentate. TYPES. A single specimen from Northern Illinois, type no. 3017, in the Museum of Comparative Zoology; and a single specimen in the Philadelphia Academy of Science also from Northern Illinois, type no. 2765, and bearing the label '9. cyanipennis (Jullich test)‘. DISTRIBUTION. BRITISH COLUMBIA: Creston; ILLINOIS: INDIANA: MAINE: Isle-au-Haut; MASSACHUSETTS: MICHIGAN: NEW JERSEY: WISCONSIN. Although the majority of the references to g. cyanipennis in American literature deal with g. americanus, the g. cyanipennis of Jullich is equal to g. bolteri, judging from the label on the g. bolteri type specimen in the PAS collection. 9. hirticollis Dietz was placed in synonomy with Q. bolteri by Blatchley (1916), a decision with which I have dubiously concurred. Dalla Torre and Hustache (1930) state 9. hirtellus fig: hirticollis} is valid. The more predominant 53 form is the dark form, hirticollis, and are identified as such in collections. The only typical specimens of C. bolteri seen were the two types. The specimen in the Canadian National Collection from Creston, British Columbia was collected from Cicuta occidentalis. g. punctiger Gyllenhal (Fig. 49, 14) Q. punctiger Gyllenhal. 1837. In Schoenherr, Gen. Sp. Curc. IV: 538. C. punctiger var. rufitarsis Gyllenhal. 1837. 1.c. p. 539. g. marginatus (Amer. auct. nec Paykull) Length 2.4 mm.; width 1.6 mm. Entirely black. Head roughly punctate; flattened, coppery setae generally, wide-lanceolate, white scales on posterior; carina on vertex distinct; interocular area con- cave. Beak punctate and setate throughout, more strongly so basally; length (t?) nearly as long as the pronotal width or 1.26 times the pronotal length. Antenna dark piceous to black; funicle 7-segmented; club long, acute, oval; (d') scape inserted .75 times its length from beak apex. Pronotum with moderately coarse, dense puncts; sulcus deep basally, obsolete medially, shallow apically; tubercles obsolete; scutellum small, glabrous; apical constriction distinctly elevated; ocular lobes moderately developed; flattened, coppery setae generally, wide lanceolate, white scales on sides and in sulcal extremities; width 1.58 times length. Elytral striae well impressed, narrow; inter- vals flat, wide, rugulose; apical calli indistinctly muricate; coppery- bronze, 3-4-seriate, flat setae on intervals, white in striae; short, distinct postscutellar patch on interval 1 of oval white scales; 54 length 1.0 times width. Venter with dense, large, oval, white scales; (6') fovea of the 5th abdominal segment large, oval, moderately impressed, well elevated laterally, occupying entire segment length; pygidium longitudinally, deeply sulcate, convex, coarsely punctate. Legs black with piceous tarsi; femora toothed on all legs, clothed with white, ligulate and wide-lanceolate scales; tibiae not mucronate; tarsal segment 4 equal to the combined length of 2 & 3; 4 projects beyond 3 equal to 3'8 length; tarsal claws each with a long tooth, nearly bifid. TYPES. Types are unknown. DISTRIBUTION. ALBERTA: BRITISH COLUMBIA: Vernon; ILLINOIS: INDIANA: IOWA: MANITOBA: Norden; MARYLAND: MASSACHUSETTS: Framingham, Watertown; MICHIGAN: East Lansing, Bath; MONTANA: NEW BRUNSWICK: Fredericton; NEWFOUNDLAND: Harmon Field, St. Johns; NEW JERSEY: NEW YORK: Ithaca, Ringwood, Wallface; NOVA SCOTIA: ONTARIO: Black Rapids, Moose Factory, Prince Edward Co.; OHIO: PENNSYLVANIA: QUEBEC: Aylmer, Fairy Lake, Kazubazua, Knowlton, Laprairie, Rimouski, St. Lambert; WASHINGTON. Very close to g. marginatus Paykull, the species with which E. punctiger was confused by American authors until Buchanan (1937b) rectified the situation. C. punctiger is very common on dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) but it also has been reported from lettuce (Proctor, 1938; Blatchley and Leng, 1916). Hoffmann (1954) records Bracon maculiger Wsm. (Giraud) as a parasite. 55 g. quadridens Panzer (Fig. 50) C. quadridens Panzer. 1795. Deutschl. Ins.—Fn. p. 302. Rhynchaenus borraginis Gyllenhal. 1813. Ins. Suec. I: 227. Curculio calcar Panzer. 1800. Fn. Ins. Germ. ed. 2, 36, t. 13. Curculio pallidactylus Marsham. 1802. Ent. Brit. 1: 259. Curculio quericola Marsham. l.c., p. 280. Ceutorhynchus seriesetosus Dietz. 1896. Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. XXIII: 442. Length 2.8 mm.; width 1.6 mm. Entirely black. Head coarsely punctate; vertex carinate; yellowish scales near pronotal margin and a white interocular patch; interocular area flat to concave. Beak striate to scape insertion; naked; length (3) equal to pronotal width or 1.38 times pronotal length. Antennal (ff) scape inserted 1.22 times its length from beak apex; funicle 7-segmented; club oval, acute. Pronotum with large, dense puncts; sulcus deep at extremities, inter- rupted a short distance medially; tubercles large distinct, transverse; apical constriction distinct; ocular lobes large; vestiture rather dense, of dirty-white, lanceolate scales; width 1.38 times length. Elytra with narrow striae and flat, faintly rugulose intervals; apical calli distinctly muricate; vestiture of lanceolate, dirty-white, very dense but irregular scales, those in the striae slightly narrower, setae long but not conSpicuous except on declivity where they are more dense, scales a little condensed behind scutellum; length 1.19 times width. Venter with lanceolate scales a little wider than dorsal scales; (3) fovea of 5th abdominal segment very vague; pygidium coarsely punctate and with dense scales similar to those on dorsum and few setae. Legs black with orange tarsi; femora with small, acute, 56 indistinct teeth, vestiture similar to that of dorsum; tibiae not mucronate; tarsal segment 4 less than the combined length of 2 8 3; 4 projects beyond 3 less than 3'8 length; each tarsal claw with a long slender tooth. TYPES. Location of the types is unknown. DISTRIBUTION. MASSACHUSETTS: Nantucket; NEW YORK: Cutchogue, Long Island; RHODE ISLAND. Chittenden (1900) first mentioned 9. seriesetosus Dietz as a synonym of C. quadridens Panzer, and further cites references to its host plants in Europe. The first recorded account of the biology of C. quadridens is given by Goureau (1866, p. 171), who stated that the larvae feed in the roots or collars of Navette (rape) and Choux (all varieties of cabbage) where they are often found in company with Baris chlorizans. Ferris (1877, p. 408) extends the host list to include cress and mustard. Bargagli (1885), according to Chittenden (1900) lists the flowers of Cochlearia armoracia (horse-radish) as a host also. Hoffmann (1954) lists as European hosts Brassica oleracea L., B. Qleifera D. C., Sinapis arvensis L., Raphanus raphanistrum L., and R. maritimum Sm. for the larvae; and Sinapis alba L., S. pubescens L., Sisymbrium strictissimum L., S. officinale L. and S. austriacum Jacq. for the adults. A specimen in the USNM bears the label 'red clover sweeps'. Hoffmann (1954) lists as parasites Thersilochus triangularis Gr. (Ichneumonidae) and Diopilus affinis Wsm. (Braconidae). 57 C. rapae Gyllenhal (Figs. 13, 51) C. {3232 Gyllenhal. 1837. In Schoenherr Gen. Sp. Curc. IV: 547. g. inaffectus Crotch. 1865. Entomol. II: 260. C. sulcicollis Blatchley and Leng. 1916. Rhynchophora of N.E. America. p. 443. Q. affluentus Dietz. 1896. Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. XXIII: 421. g. napi of Murtfeldt. 1888. Ann. Rept. State Hort. Soc. Mo. p. 123-128. Length 3.0 mm.; width 1.75 mm. Entirely black. Head coarsely punctate, each punct with a pale, flat setae, broader white scales behind eyes; vertex distinctly carinate; interocular area flat. Beak striate past the scape insertion, smooth apically; setate to scape in- sertion, glabrous apically; length (g!) a little more than pronotal width or 1.37 times pronotal length. Antenna piceous; (6') scape in- serted 1.39 times its length from beak apex or at beak middle; funicle 7-segmented; club ovate, acute. Pronotum densely punctate; sulcus complete, distinct, shallower medially; tubercles low, obtuse, trans- verse; apical constriction slightly elevated; ocular lobes distinct; disc setate; sulcus and sides with white, broad lanceolate scales; width 1.3 times length. Elytra distinctly muricate on apical calli; intervals wide, flat, rugulose; striae well impressed; vestiture of 3-4-seriate, yellow-white, flat setae on intervals, a little wider, whiter and denser in striae; length 1.2 times width. Venter with dense, ovate to lanceolate, white scales; (c?) fovea oval, moderately deep, clothed like the abdomen, elevated laterally; pygidium with long setae and few lateral white scales, convex but slightly concave medially, punctate. Femora black, toothed but weakly so on fore legs, clothed 58 with yellow-white ligulate scales; tibiae mucronate; tarsi piceous, segment 4 equal to the combined length of 2 & 3; 4 projects beyond 3 equal to 3'5 length; tarsal claws each with a long tooth, nearly bifid. TYPE: Location of the primary type is unknown. DISTRIBUTION. ALBERTA: ARIZONA: ARKANSAS: CALIFORNIA: COLORADO: D.C.: GEORGIA: IDAHO: ILLINOIS: IOWA: KANSAS: KENTUCKY: MANITOBA: MARYLAND: MASSACHUSETTS: MICHIGAN: MINNESOTA: MISSOURI: MONTANA: NEBRASKA: NEW JERSEY: NEW MEXICO: NEW YORK: NORTH CAROLINA: NORTH DAKOTA: OHIO: ONTARIO: OREGON: PENNSYLVANIA: SASKATEWAN: SOUTH CAROLINA: IUTAH: VIRGINIA: WASHINGTON: WEST VIRGINIA: WISCONSIN. According to Blatchley and Leng (1916) Q. {3232, the cabbage curculio, was introduced into New England about 1855.. The present records show the beetle to be present in nearly all states except those of the Southeast. What Dietz considered 0. rapgg_when he described 9. affluentus was apparently a misidentified specimen of g. assimilis thus leading him to believe that g. rapag_of previous American authors was misapplied. Dietz's error was rectified by Chittenden (1900). Recorded host plants for g. ra ae are: kale, turnips, cabbage, horse-radish, cauliflower, Sisymbrium officinale, Lepidium virginicum, and Nasturtium. A primary parasite is Omphale livida Ashmead (Chalcidae), (Chittenden, 1900; Pierce, 1907). The vestiture color of g. rapae is more yellow in newly emerged specimens, and it was probably such specimens that Blatchley (1916) called 9. sulcicollis Paykull, for which 9. cyanipennis Germar is a synonym. 59 g. Squamosulus Sleeper 9. squamosulus Sleeper. 1957. Pan-Pacific Ent. 33: 127-128. MALE:- Oval, robust; black throughout; very densely clothed with coarse prominent white setae and broad, flat, oblong, white scales; the white scales on flanks of prothorax and ventral side, a few scattered ones on elytra. Rostrum longer than head and pronotum, slender, cylindrical, strongly curved, with a sharp, narrow, median carina and two lateral carina in basal two-thirds, inferior carina forming upper margin of scrope; sulci between the carinae deeply, finely and confluently punctured in basal two-thirds; apical third smooth, shining and finely punctured; base to insertion of antennae densely clothed with setae. Antennal insertion just beyond middle, scape attaining eyes; funicle 7-segmented, first segment robust and elongate, as long as the third and fourth combined, second elongate, one-half longer than third, third and fourth segments subequal. Club oval, robust, finely pubescent. Head coarsely, deeply and densely punctured. Eyes flat, completely hidden in repose. Prothorax one-fourth wider than long, the sides con- vergent to apex, the basal constriction very feeble; pronotum coarsely, deeply and densely punctured, sparsely clothed with white setae which are longer and finer than those of elytra; an entire median channel present, much deeper basally and apically. Scutellum small, narrow, linear, densely punctured, clothed with a few white scales. Elytra about one-fifth longer than wide, the sides feebly arcuate in basal three-fourths, then strongly convergent to apex; strial punctures deep, rounded, and close-set, each with a recumbent white seta; intervals flat, coarsely and closely punctured, each puncture with white seta, a few with broad white scales. Ventral side densely clothed with white 60 scales; abdominal segments coarsely and closely punctured, first abdominal segment feebly, longitudinally impressed at middle, fifth with a large, deep, transverse fovea which is limited laterally by prominent tubercles which are clothed with very fine erect setae; pygidium feebly concave, densely clothed with fine, long, erect setae. Legs densely clothed with coarse white setae and white scales, the white scales very few on tibiae, apical third of tibiae clothed with much finer and longer setae, femora armed with an obtuse tooth. Middle and posterior tibiae unguiculate. Fourth tarsal segment shorter than second and third combined. Claws divergent, armed with a long tooth. Length 3.4 mm., width 1.8Imn. FEMALEz- Differs from the male in that the first abdominal segment is convex and not impressed, the fovea lacking from the fifth segment and the rostrum is more slender and smoother. Length 3.5 mm., width 1.9 mm. HOLOTYPE, (cf), Creston, British Columbia, V-l3-53, G. Stace Smith and allotype (1?), Creston, B.C., V-6-53, G. Stace Smith in the author's collection. Several paratypes as follows 1, V-lO-54, l, V-12-52 in the author's LSleeper; collection; 2, V-10-54, l, V-16-54, l, V-ll-53 in G. Stace Smith Collection. All material from Creston, B.C., G. Stace Smith collector. Length of paratypes 3.2-3.5 mm., width 1.7-1.9 mm. Swept from Thlaspi arvense. The above description and data are transcribed from Sleeper (1957). I have not seen this species, but Sleeper states that it is very close to g. subpubescens Leconte, from which it differs in the much coarser and whiter pubescence, and the absence of a limiting ridge on the lateral margins of the fovea on the fifth abdominal segment. [III In. I [:III..I I... _ ii ..|l..||il . I! I III‘ III Dill»?! all. [III-I 61 g. subpubescens Leconte (Fig. 52) C. subpubescens Leconte in Leconte and Horn. 1876. Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. XV: 273-274. Length 3.1 mm.; width 1.85 mm. Body pitchy black. Head deeply punctate; setulose; vertex finely carinate; interocular area flat to slightly concave. Beak 3-carinate, strio-punctate to scape insertion, punctulate apically; sparsely setate throughout; length (ca) 1.17 times pronotal width or 1.52 times pronotal length. Antenna piceous; (6') scape inserted 1.0 times its length from beak apex; funicle 7-segmented; club broad-oval, acuminate. Pronotum with deep, distinct, nearly con- tiguous puncts; sulcus complete, obsolescent medially; tubercles obtuse, not prominent; ocular lobes large; apical constriction not elevated; vestiture of setaceous hairs and a few narrow white scales basally and apically in the sulcus; width 1.29 times length. Elytral striae moder- ately deep, distinctly punctate; intervals flat, rugo-punctate; apical calli muricate; brown, 3-4-seriate, setaceous hairs and few, scattered, narrow-oval white scales on intervals; striae with regular squamiform setae; length 1.19 times width. Venter with oval dirty, yellow-white dense scales; (<9) fovea of 5th abdominal segment a distinct but shallow depression occupying the entire segment's length and about 1/2 its width, a cusp at the posterio-lateral corner; Pygidium flat to concave, with long hairs generally and a few lateral lanceolate white scales. Legs black, tarsi piceous; femoral tooth present on all legs and marked by a tuft of scales, femoral vestiture of mixed large oval and setaceous scales; tibiae mucronate; tarsal segment 4 equal to the com- bined length of 2 & 3; 4 projects beyond 3 greater than 3'5 length; 62 tarsal claws with a long tooth, nearly bifid. TYPES. Two specimens from California, type no. 3032, in the Museum of Comparative Zoology. DISTRIBUTION. CALIFORNIA: N. Fork Lewis Creek; MANITOBA: Aweme, Baldur, Rocklake; UTAH. Although the type specimens are labelled only 'Cala.', Leconte more specifically gives the type localities as Los Angeles and Tejon, California. The species is somewhat variable, the pubescence of the elytra varying in coarseness and the white scales being more dense in some. The fovea of the fifth abdominal segment is bordered at the posterio- lateral corners by a cusp and not a ridge as stated by Dietz (1896). In this regard it does not differ from the very closely related species 9. squamosulus Sleeper contrary to this distinction made by Sleeper (1957). The only other distinction seems to be that g. squamosulus is with coarser and whiter pubescence. C. squamosulus may be only a variant of Q. subpubescens, but I have not seen any types of g. squamosulus to make such a judgement. g. aeratus Dietz IO aeratus Dietz. 1896. Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. XXIII: 431. Length 2.5 mm.; width 1.47 mm. Pronotum and venter black, elytra bronzy-black. Head with large distinct puncts, a small seta per punct, nearly naked, vertex without a carina. Beak striopunctate to scape insertion, sparsely setate; length (cf) a little more than the pronotal width or 1.63 times pronotal length. Antenna light piceous; funicle 7-segmented; (.2é 46,-fig 137 112, 131, 132 84, 92,_g§, 135, 136 . 110,_11§, 118 19,-33 55 111,_119, 125 84, 93,,23 pervestitus pollinosus puberulus punctiger pusillus pusio quadridens quericola rapae resplendens rubidus rudis rufipes rufitarsis semirufus septentrionalis seriesetosus sericans siculus solitarius squamatus squamosulus stanleyi . subpubescens . subniger . subrufus . 149 83, 88, 121, Page 111, 118, 120, 123, 125 122, 125, 126, 135, 136 . 46, 55, 109 55 46, 57 85 1;. 46, 65 81, 82 53 69, 72, 78 70, 74, 77, 99 55 46, 4§_ 84, 2;_ 48 84, 29, 103 46, 52, 62 37 46, 6o, 91. 85 105 150 Page sulcatus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 sulcicollis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57, 58 sulcipennis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39, 39 sulculus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 tau . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20, 28, 32 tescorum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114 transversus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85, 195 typhae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 umbellae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,Ei_ viridicollis 85 wallulensis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112, 139 wickhami . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110 £23 Zimermanni O O O 0 O O O I O O O O I 0 O 0 O O O O O O 0 0 0 7O, 79 LITERATURE CITED Agassiz, L. _ 1846. 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Kritisches Verzeichniss der bis jetzt beschreiben palaearctischen Ceuthorrhynchiden. Deutsche Ent. Zeitschr. p. 193-226. 156 1903. Palarktische Ceuthorrhynchiden. Deutsche Ent. Zeitschr. pp. 241-286. Sharp, D. and F. Muir. 1912. Comparative Anatomy of the Male Genitalia in Coleoptera. Trans. Ent. Soc. London. 60: 477-642. Sleeper, E. L. 1957. New Curculionidae from British Columbia II. Pan- Pacific Ent. 33: 127-128. Smith, C. E. 1932. A hitherto Unreported Pest on Onion and Garlic in Texas. Journ. Econ. Ent. 25: 1110-1111. Smith, L. G. 1944. Insects Affecting Vegetable Seed Crops in the Western States. Journ. Econ. Ent. 37: 368-369. Stephens, J. F. 1831. Illustrations of British Entomology, Mandibulata, IV. London, 414 pp., pls. 20-23. Thomson, C. G. 1865. Skandinaviens Coleoptera, VII. Lund. Webster, R. L., E. P. Breakey, C. F. Doucette and E. C. Carlson 1943. Life History and Control of the Cabbage Seed-Pod Weevil, Ceutorhynchus assimilis in Western Washington. State College of Washington Agric. Exp. Sta. Bul. No. 435. p. 40. 1944. Life History and Control of the Cabbage Seed-Pod Weevil, Ceutorhynchus assimilis, in Western Washington. State College of Washington Agric. Exp. Sta. Bul. No. 455. pp. 37-38. Webster, R. L. and L. G. Smith 1937. Insect Immigrants in Washington. Northw. Sci. 11: 19—21. Weise, J. 1883. Deutsche. Ent. Zeitschr. pp. 255-256. PLATES /5.i/ Lateral view of a generalized Ceutorhynchus showing anatomical areas of taxonomic importance. Dorsal view of a generalized Ceutorhynchus showing anatomical areas of taxonomic importance. ml 593.. . c o x _ 1 a .31. _o.: .m1011 38.85.; . _ _ r _ w m S m m \m m L T w T m 11.1-1 r 0 6| r W o E m . . _ F ., _ I _ . . _ l r. j _ IIJI- _ , . mm \. _ _. / _ mm a n N . ’ a _ n I mu. m L _ _ / m P .m n W / u la IL! 9 c u m w c m w c .r. c n o) c Ia m I m as I m 1 .m a .m / a .l M e cry 0 .m w o s m b D. r. e U U A M P M H S r11 '1 In.“ 1.... _ i Tarsus of a general Ceutorhynchus A. Length of fourth tarsal segment B. Projection of fourth tarsal segment beyond third segment (3 Length of third tarsal segment D. Combined length of second and third tarsal segment. Sagittal section of abdominal apex with male external genitalia extended. Male external genitalia showing morphological parts of importance. LT egminal Strut Spiculum Gastrale Male External Genitalia of Species of 10. ll. 12. l3. 14. 15. 16. 17. It) It) In) In In In In In In In In [0 Ceutorhynchus pollinosus Dietz obliquus Leconte tau Leconte horni Dietz adjunctus Dietz sulcipennis Leconte decipiens Leconte rapae Gyllenhal punctiger Gyllenhal americanus Buchanan isolatus Dietz sericans Leconte Male External Genitalia of Species of 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. [O IO 1‘3 If) I"3 If) IF) 10> IC’ |0 I0 IO Ceutorhynchus septentrionalis Gyllenhal floralis (Paykull) zimmermanni Gyllenhal anthonomoides Dietz persimilis Dietz siculus Dietz erysimi (Fabricius) lesquerellae Pierce assimilis (Paykull) pusio Mannerheim oregonensis Dietz pusillus Leconte convexicollis Leconte hamiltoni Dietz 32. g. 33. g. 34. g. 35. g. 36. g. 37. g. 38. g. 39. g. 40. g Dorsal View of Species of Ceutorhynchus pollinosus Dietz ouipennis Dietz disturbatus Dietz angulatus Leconte obliquus Leconte tau Leconte consanguineus Dietz pervestitus Fall . horni Dietz W 1‘11“! ‘9 r 11 1" q y) 45. 46. 47. 48. Dorsal View of Species of If) If) If? K3 K5 K3 K7 IO Ceutorhynchus nodipennis Dietz adjunctus Dietz sulcipennis Leconte armatus Dietz echinatus Fall decipiens Leconte sericans Leconte bolteri Dietz punctiger Gyllenhal .3133 ‘3‘ (“3M ‘1-“.1 1'13“ 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. Dorsal View of Species of In In In In In In In [G Ceutorhynchus quadridens Panzer rapae Gyllenhal subpubescens Leconte americanus Buchanan rudis Leconte notatulus Fall invisus Fall puberulus Leconte " \'. I 6 .\ A; - -i-; exfrfi ._._.l I'vlll 1|]: .I‘J ill Dorsal View of Species of 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. l0 IO 1O 10 l0 l0 l0 |G lO '0 Ceutorhynchus semirufus Leconte septentrionalis Gyllenhal zimmermanni Gyllenhal albopilosus Dietz erysimi (Fabricius) hearnei Brown handfordi Brown siculus Dietz oregonensis Dietz squamatus Leconte pusio Mannerheim -—._“ _ - ..--~—.———-_. —--n—--——-—m-—.w1 ——.—__‘ _- 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 76. 77. 78. Dorsal View of Species of l0 IO [0 l0 H7 K3 Ir) 10 [0 IO Ceutorhynchus convexipennis Fall lesquerellae Pierce munki Brown anthonomoides Dietz assimilis (Paykull) opertus Brown . ovalis Dietz . wickhami (Champion) . moznettei Fall pusillus Leconte 79. g. 80. g. 81. g. 82. c_:. 83. g. 84. g. 85. g 86. c_:_ 87. g. Dorsal View of Species of Ceutorhynchus pauxillus Dietz adspersulus Dietz hamiltoni Dietz dubitans Brown carteri Brown omissus Fall . wallulensis n. sp. . mutabilis Dietz numulus Dietz 1 ‘... \ 6 a .11. ulfi . 13, all. . ' I l . b 1 -11 , \\ \Y’A‘WV‘ I l \u- "I. \\l .1 la. ”"8.th .mnon. . 1 11 51‘. 3.5.3 1;“. 1.1