~~ LIBRARY Michigan State University PLACE IN RETURN BOX to remove this checkout from your record. TO AVOID FINES return on or before date due. MAY BE RECALLED with earlier due date if requested. DATE DUE DATE DUE DATE DUE Jule 6 ¢ PY 6/01 c/CiIRC/DateDue.p65-p. 15 e C co ee - e‘-4 ro. @ bey ~- ¢ 7? \ aide ¥ Y “\ ve THES)s -—effeF e& ef = - “Marl is an indefinite ard souwewnat amviguous teri: avrlied to a srenat varietY of earti: Pound in way £a'‘ferent yartis of the country, Tn scine .-" countrics siuw substances are called morl that contain no line vi.etevor, ularly usec, hiwever, ana wreier it is not at all unlikely is the correct usase, it is ay licd to solls of a calcareous nature round 4 a ty Q . Or" $5 2 O ry) cr ro in tke form of derosits under .arsnes or reat bores or a suall lekes, It is yrineilyally a wixture or clay, and lime in the forma mn en 7” - ° ‘ vr . o, n . y 3 7 ; o - ‘ - . S 7 a 4. \ : ers wy Tne werd way veo readily reeowmmize wy its tight ashgnor vellowisn "white cclur, Tvs iceation iev «sles aig in reeormiring it, ror if a soil OT AR Goyee lt uncernony the pont cr Waker ve foun acut wie is rein or OCOVUT RAINS tlhe Seeaioy Gc cule. | ovvb ence of cualdio ishes, atv is ovite Litciv 22 fe pari, Tour soo. Cine bos Qieeoyoped ye Liorestini a cle CU Li Le Lees oP Snai ov Wetere oc Cello fo. re dteet wer ch reanoevins ev CRP e ery api vil 2chere t Qa Ta Tat, .” ' *. - 37 >. ~ vores *. ; ; NS seat - we oY . . o- -erj] °° Sc. otfhonyne vncer weier it fe hrern in cirferci:t pasts cf .. ~ 2 - TR et S.-, i7. -- . \ .. a A - ' - ~e- - -- - 24 . : of tre ccur try, Eesiages toe nae merl thier hee slrerey beer ccfinee, it a rasta fe $42 °% RW TAA Ses ro: ar] Posy - « ~ - 87 r 7. wd - ase . 4 is av. -Cr -- eer ~ Lid, CA bBiica wy oes bal tw . ‘ tans dat Coa c £ Low & 4d. k 71 iG Vii ~ aahic Lae va C weter ¢ TOS T4 Aa alpvinv rot? Tgare ete ‘Tw, 4 a - MIs eae < 1 . . , : re a oy od a Rye dee . - - ( 1 GC. ft tea ew 1 w wy » --d.eib C 4 u « C -~ b ner _ : CC - TTP IES } . a4 roe C tc Fe eee 8 c . ee .-¢ _ a peat La i .. « ~ Sey em aha 4g « w~ ol o\. vias a _ weal C ant. A boc ko 9 a | Soda I 2 ~~ a - ow ‘ fo 4%. aa koe x ao ro. - } so BNNs s ‘ oe. - a a>: . 34 Coa - ~%. od. . . oe ~- ~ - -- ” . a Me Fe ee ee Oa ee OE Ver Me Cea 2 eras £re jt a es Vee ee ce 7 an ~ ew - 2 = as ’ ‘ o. _ — 3. \ . 1 . q) . . © ( \ 7 . . , ° ( i © a- cc v!? en ™ : i ~ . , - = 7 . A : - -- -~& ee oe a pow yt LA Ca Soh } 96515 bogs; the surrounding moisture and exclusion of air yrevents the Firm cohesion cf vartiecles found in tifa, This acticn causes it to be callca bog lime, Jn. the Mie ieon Agricultural Rovort for 135° pne.eo8, iarl is said to be "an alluvial dervcesit from woters woien nave poreolated solls ‘lune the surface tne water varts with a por- chergeed with lime, On rere no leoneer ecapacle of holecing the G © on we M e co a 7. 4 « - » on ~ 7 tion cf it earvonie acl and 0 © lime in scluticn, which is tren aeposited in the form of a yulverelent, chalky svistanee in the beds of lakus ana buneath peat w.arsves," Shells of mollusezus aninals contain a large pro lortion orf Cacos and as tiie cir@uuistane-s cf its formation are favorable tnev cften constitute ever Tiere are several aifrerent classes of wiarls the coi, osition of roien is all somewnat similar, Tne wvirer layer is knovn as blue marl or @hell ham’ taarl, Tnese are found nuar the surf@ce, They are usually mixed with an aryrreciable amount of sand, clay, and in sone cases ler: ~ milounts of orgpenie watier, They also contain “aree quantitivcs of decave shells ana vones and usually have soiie % QQ P2005, Chalky warls are found at greater destns ond are of a liehtcr color consisting mainly of comsinuted siells anc corals witha trifle of sand and "epreen sand" wiixed with ther, Tle Vereen sand" .- ris of Mew dersey are moch heard of and extolice but izainly for the larse anounts of 12 and Pgo0S which tuey are saic to rx contain, Tne percuntase of lime whieh they contain seldom reacnes above 4a : we +1 lol : - 1-2°,, Tne Maryland iixyeriment Station savs tiat the potasn is not in CQ soluble a formu as so.e ot ers ang on tne other hond eauelly as SOG autroritics say treat it is morc hovever that it its buncricial as and lime and intime tie rotasn t arpliec to tie scil, The poric or Tiarviand, or w sucil woulda here oe esliced clays, silicious watter is ereativ in ¢ cnalyescs reeoraud, mote ecntaine 4 wos ° Ssaryie of 156, anc a vury There is marl devositcd scarcely a ccunty A % “wid tne 2 en “~v. - > Q? 2 rata . - . ~ ’ . w-- to - ( ae ye nee ’ . ° a . - : - - =. se . . oa © - co - t ’ - 1 { t i Jt fer cc; io] 4 4 ; ~— 4 _— Oe . c: c ca.4 CY CLT UYT CECS G6 ( ? -- - mee sy! . ° wr : 1\ C CC bt ca € £01 oO 1 f¢ ( + = 4 tke VOY Solwule tran ot er a rortilizer tor “et it eonr_sins wi Lt are eal ef inar savas, cr worly s meoss of a.1 otner cor of care 5 ra acai V OO thers ~ . OS, 4 cr 4. : . N84 amas Coe, Lees t a~ in tfichigan that n (3) formas, Ve are curtain its Pnrospnoriec acia 1a bveeoa.e aveilavle if ls and analvzed as clis, as te insoluble conronents, Of 2 omnte of lii.e and that ainead not more than CaiC0, as not more or less 4 4 ~~ 4 1 Ve a “~~ 7 ny Tai y — an 1° 21 WA? Ous a..CS OT W. us OAS LT Orwer Vv 4. a 4 .. 1 i? -e ~. 4 dt le 4 : « 34 ; my Yr mN ee, 5 ~*~ a SoM TOW. oc. wo aw Vl 3.0 bv vu Sveace, L22 SO 1Q on SNe ysl te ew FT a me +N nA oO ~-— o- mY ”~N 7y w? Ci, - wally swt Me woe ae Serer | So Jo. aCr Ay a= O78 “.° \ rf or . a-e rs a) , . = oom . 4 C eh PLL ad OG we. Lit G OF CSL US oan + « : o- eb od. De, - . . . ~ : ™ 2 - ok ~ oo, - ‘ ’ ’ ce oN “ . ( - \ .- ‘ . . ‘ . e ‘ ~~. wee $582 e Vd : A (2. .S po oan 7 Oy yo reeens Ay wet . ~~. sg -» soe os - - ve < (o i . 29 ws. (OX ~e Nee . . - os - - a- J rv ; . : : a yy o- ~a- rN 7 ’ a- - ° yo ee) as we be f 6s Coy aiu Wok a otal? 210" - econ: -,? .+ ~ oe - i%*7 Co - 3. _ . - ~*~ : ey an ‘ ( @ ca. a. ig eae. hen My C . gL? S 10s wo luvs Q - = « . -»y . - : . ) en-% “ co _* ~ \ \° 2. \ - . - o é ‘ = eee ‘ 5 1 , -~ whe ai C- , who v & ~ « - ° . 27 ~ , . a oo _ LA Bere me EE I OS. - . - 9 a) . - : . - “ BX Mr yt ws pers NT © 3 . - fos 4 \ wd ‘ \ ox ~- C ty Wavucrs . ® . - - ee s @ « - aes . Cag! rv ey 4 ws Ce WALLEY oe 5 i - 8 c s 4 yg -, se 7 ws ' , c | “- Me . . . . a ( . a \ ‘ ( ~ * Ss oe 3 \ L d - { ry a ~ bk v c a ( . . q Ce - a. As rereorcs tre aa mwealitv o ad : ce a afoee ws 4{t ecrtcocire eFten Ceterkivces . 9 s . 47> vat ANAT ot yr ON cl. LCC. Cla Cad 1 aye me. + WATT yee e - 4 i.sk a ‘ wea Ui woel) ~ maa dt passe met > { * ’ WV a bin Cie 2 wa. . A Peeolinne, Ti Geoesuele eizicicus .. tter,. Indian Rivcr, mt. “~ can. at, o € on Vet OlC ON au Ud. 4¥ 200 7 ° + . r rey City. G6 .S5 qv) ce iw) rs c+ oO ~ aa e e CO ao a 4 stanton =-'2. oul - " Lake Odesec, 6.00 Constantine -2,.05.69 Constantine 73,93 ,62 It witl be readily ohserved frou the avove te marls nave a lersee Constantino which we aifferent beds in tho in any of tne t zee of no valt:e whatever Trepp cont nm we st ¢ aluuire, 1.12 1,61 £2 9030 mount of Tatd%, rt) CT ~ by> qT en 2 saizgles analyzed vey 6 as the sand itself hes The various uses to wh composition, texture, and Cy, 4 co wu Geteriine tieir uses 2s wien C izers, taints, “sad Wt shu bs yg For ferti the year and arylied to the s surface curing tne winter, Tr Will crunvie it in such a manner that harrovwed into the soil in the srrines, soils in various amount but usually acre, The soils miost wenefited Ly ay ara Ce Teen. 4 VIS any Kind, as tre iwerl is alka wPoclain apmieh Land tivat vould Povune very Vomerticial to ecieav letos tie wartietes of elexw ¢ 4) -4 vo 4 hd an a > ” 5 OY 4 ” oe bh Tat CcCulCi.T 1G C.iiicreutrv, Lv act Yo a, a ar 1? nt 346 tere we te’ ~ te 4 £, Cif . a Ci aha wa C - ¢- =~ oO 4 ay 8 * wav dl snou J. we geet - 4 . . , 7 s ™ 9 co 7 a7 7% OOM SIA: oa Ca. bo eh 15 ner 1... Cis bo kw C3. wo 4 sang - -e@- d . e- a5 - +t “” ~ i. 2 a4 . ' uf 3 CA ae e uw ie _* 4 Y Ca. wl’ © rons a di. * a _° ~ J. 7 7 J. PN . “ c « re eos te JA 7 ».' 1. ‘ Via ae Ue A. L aay mrs,” ’ 4 ‘ - « =_ c- a ~,, ¢ e : aN rot Fy Lt - . da \ . - wo \ ry e ‘ 4 ad. ‘ 6 Bo e round sranles 5 v4 ~~. Ten moarils tire extent or rita CA wad alo anvthins quicx lime, 3 CA Ve aA ) A. edhe a st? rae “ c > ai Le ¢ ( S “ - J é C ICE ie Lo co ene wv an, Cc. ve ao ct oo eerK £37 ( wr. * foe 4 “bop 2 es log ~ 2. can CO. e sy" - ~ or 1% wey r These marl in t = 7 tne “- Aa ~C4 nD + wu olse, Land Lic amd: ~ Cm we i O27} ~~ | > CA OL de a ww ‘ wre oe e Cam wu * - ~~ ae , s ‘wer ON \ ” ana } : >> ~ ost we Nm Va a a bea’y ; 4 » . ~ v «- Cc. 7 - ee “ole wot wk . + ra “ - qc. wn = . 1" - a. - ao} an -ya ~~. ~Or. wom ( no srit to it, rm% a | ~neir re quite mumerous, for fertil- cei.ent, and the like, swcnip in tne fall of red to rei ns and tuaving of winter ane ¥v be plowed may be tiled to any | te three tcn ct ww ~ ~ dL ward Wilt est aa O Leer, cic acid O1354 « y wet o Sole Cl cae Gy Leo le ay Tro Ul Pormer it Laecunr ~ + cr.” => ~ a . ol ot RR? Crd ak mon7re Cacliv om 5.4 - r ecne cf the i. iense .* ~ ” . - ss Aes aN { a ea we Cig sdecge e O%4 Sawtcgse oC ~ _ 707 i: - 2 t ’ ~~ e “. » x ' \1a -~ 48 4 - war d dt . fe values de als . - ~ 3 ~ ae vo “- po + my ry a | 1 awe fle b Baa € sill Coole . . - - . { 7" 7 oo ay can omen a fp N AT TY e oo we Cru. 8 wot if ww dice G ye — a - ror + ers . ". 28 ~* — 2 sh&: . ° foete ( , ’ -- oa. 1 C os ’ e °, ~ eo co ot ara 9 .? a ~ ¢ 3 8 u 7 ur, - ~ oy ~ . nN as - y ‘ foo Cees | \ eh flake -- _- 4 , + 4 - ~s SF. _— food mM Ut er Se to vee cn cys. ecil, Iv bce ¢ midecr cevici €2 Ve Lia tom tie yure - 4. ,’ “2 a 7 - 4 - . “sg - “aa at 4 =~ ‘ o - | \ eo ”, ¢ -~ 4 y Cc: Ff ' x = < - Cc ’ ~~ qo cele ait oe GS cw kl vw. & a cea. wed. wise hon Cu os aba n ¢ ei LoOleas , - = -- 4 =~ toe WA pi ee ~ - . ~ 7 ~ s - > NMP TCO CES Lites Cor gy Oe ows r 4 at ut th ent 1 Cr. Cole e awn Ve “ Co ao Ne be lL. ow bh fy - a A ¢ C4 ~~ is al. sb C2 te Co a i] 4 we wily : - * 1 : - ~n “ - d men - a yo d4 ° -. 8 4 Cc v - c- - x -- - ec - = ¢ ¢ ey : ~ - 8 ~ crc ‘4 ~ Coy eee sb ( rm Al he Cy be alii C Loe - ¢ LY _. 6 o ede vera kh od zy aa. 4 aC! asad ry a. * - ‘ «- 4 = ” ~ - a -- Verae 4 ¢ Te -¢ ~ e se c 7° ~- C _? = . * 1 1 x ~ ws oe © o4 \ koa i - (4 C4 C ¥ Me ( . 2 ae wk e 2 = ek = aoe t ~ ‘ {_ or \ eo. ( a Uid je dae “7 74 gee c ~ an c - e 4 a7 of > J.* \ < - ~ ~ . « _'1 ( ~~ } 4 a a . . + ~ : . ow & a a \ ’ A oe he © - wu - XK 4 ° ‘ \ ‘ ~ | t oe eo \ : ob tele ~ a pads - .- - « -- wees 4 - _ > ye ™~ ee 7 - - - --, -¢ r - . oo 7 - S © oO. o> toy . 4 Lo € + oe é - . \ t a! Lb oe > bo . tr cos 2 4 Re oe hee 2 44 ~~, a- Te . *. c-.* -_ ¢ “7% of - 4 ~ >. = + ; - ow ° Qo ese “4 - ‘ ‘ we we ‘ « + 4 rw i 4 oJ € a ¢ i 4 { < . « < A . ‘ . . € ~~ 4 be ‘ - 4 éab @- sama -- e+ c . ' . ‘ « c ‘ .- ase —~ 2 Af a“ ' ? ‘ o 7 OF - ’ ° - } * ( Cc. e \ ’ . & ‘ L 8 vp heh vw bon - ~ a b ‘ ¢ ' - ‘ . on t > u ‘ - 9 STe © ' cr > ~ c* . . 7 (? vA - iad _.m™ ce - ok 4 ( ea = La ‘ aot * Aon « - at wo 1 bo - 0 . \ =~ ry ,. - ~ « . as.” 2 ” . ~ ¢s - - - \ - ® , i i! oe ns Moe eg le ( a J ho 4 tos Coa L , roby ~ \ ~ kool, ~ 9 - rf - “ t - 1 4 - - ~ = - . © ¢ ~ o - re 4 4 . \ ‘ ag ‘ ‘ ‘ { > 4 - - 4 Noa \ nr - ¢ « { i ‘ a o ~ ~ = roe - - - = - 4 . . - . - . . - i re - - \ 3 - . ft ‘ , ‘ j ee bt Oe € ato. & - ~ - - - - . 7 - - . . . - yee \ ‘ ’ ‘ J ‘ _ \ ( . t o,f © ou t a | 0 \ ‘ . . - ‘ - + so 4 ‘ « © dein. ay rf aft - . . a? - ' ~ - ° - a e c - \ \ \ . - . hog 6 ’ . ‘ e - o ° = ar * ° ~ ~ - ~ . 5 ’ 3 ( A oy, - 7 ( too. 3 4 o i 2 = > . ~ ca - \ « 5 - * a ‘ ~ ” t . { . ov t . ( ° (og ty { 4 Ne - ~ . -- . . - ‘ . ” - o - - « ‘ — V ( 4 ou 3. . . ~ « 4 t i ‘ e Owings to tne very fine texture of iserls and the extremely small amount cf grit and silicious matter found in sone iarls it is uscd 7 auite extensively vv some manufacturers in making barn paints and the y like and cquiterating goue of the better paints. Owing to these sane propertics it is used very nmen as a rolis bo i +4 3 r oy cr ry fe e) ! e 4 4 some places (A it is ,rrerared into a polishing paste or rovder and sold as a fine Frade (7) of rolish for nickel, silver and gexld ware, Tnese two uses are nowevor, . not vory extensive at rresont, This material is usca by some manufractur- ers for rackines stcam yires and tie like as it is inexpensive, not very yomsod nonecoucuctor or neat, It is also so.evlies usec with astectos and “iect0s for the sauce Turvose, % sone varts of ti.e state anc et cifferent times marl has boen due and byernmea for the purrose of naning avien liwe, This was done more in early times y.orhars than new, and in sectio s duestitute of line stone It has peon arz lied to nearly all the uses of the west rock lime, but a n such laree quantities and is so easily obtained ct -’ Cd ct ~ A is OQ = ry) oO Oz - 9 both in tris and otner states that its vse as quick lime is not so extensive nev as it was Soine voars aso, It is s.mewnat inferior in sv strenstn, yeu it is mevertneless a valuanvle and usef ul ircauct., Its re value is frecuently wvidor ratec froin its not bellies sufriciently burned, Marl is swiyvosed by se..e te reevire lese oat than limestone, vut tiris MAS Seo Vouwc erreneovus, Grrewi or Catet aid worl o ava youn the sc1.e DaSe, (VT tie PTorwor is a sulirrve ant toe feller c eéipeelete, Doth are wee eo Dourtilirorse, tre with nit vort owieociv Clhoverive pesvilts, The eype sum while it is rorha vs a trifie more soluble in water hrs not as lastin 9 DCC: “A ue ty -- ct ct a) the scil where apylied, as warl, ,; ~y te “a Voss 4 Fs ‘ ] ve 7D Yen ny: Jota. 7- 4 sa ‘. “+ ; “4 3 OU 7 AS ccomwvared vitt. cuick Lime Croi: Limestone buried in Ohio and Ken- tucky we can notices Lut little cifltercnce exce t in the caiuount of marmesiwa and the avsonc.: of iron in white lime, The follovine table wlll give cn idea of the similarity of the eompesiticn of rock lime and some of the vest iwerls analyzed 09 00 Va Wo x o-4 id ts e Al ,caco aan rn Me kk te a € Fe 076 lity oO Qs 1OC aia A we tbe + ri tof. Me rerian ra cd “yom ors) B o~ n>) . sg K tl. y whe Mayme { ‘ ” «cd ~ ° ia er «) e ) ¢. ' Non O'; We! er . Oe # é mene eow { Cs Y a L) act 8 aw cr ‘ NL de oA € rr. , at wv ‘. -v ’ rey r.2 orf ot =~ Card aL Le ~ +o | a4 Sm a ~ Kk ~ or ald -\er yO NF Sp ov wed a Tp . 7 @ ~e c -- 7 t 405 Gt cet x, ¢ - Te oy ey oe, -¢ Yoon NG ° ¢ COpwt e. ii LE 6 Ot eB BOD Len Cg 4 pea 2e.wew rote ti. © oe a fed © Vk - ° ~~ ~ x. a J. ~ . Cove Ro Eel Sto bina orca, Pe CR C5 OE CCS Sd tec 6 Sd 2k la J tos - - - 4 4 . 2 aA - - - ° - - ry ren LeRCLT Le cs 7 Ot TEC crt CoG, Oy ll lett Ll bata t . oo a ' , to Loo - - . - . . - - oat > - -~ N . - \ - « . ‘ ‘y > ~ a 8 e ‘ - . ‘ - ( ‘ a . a - \ ‘ LL ame \- GQ 2 i - . - ‘ ; . . ’ . . - - \ \ n - - - ‘ | e 2 A ~ - " ~ . * ~ o - \ _ { 2 ‘ _ - \ ‘ -~ ’ 4 oo mi ~ . - 4 Ans dy. ty - ne . +3 sy, The provortions of tes: two, marl and clay, used in Porté&and cement are 5 to 1, These are wix dad wid heated with a plast until vitri- Tied, wien it is cooled anc sround and is tuen ready Tor use in tne Tarn of Portland cenont, a. a) ~~ C O 3 cf Ce © o H — ry > c+ }--