Qa THES! eet at ate NA. ae PORES OF Tae E diay BAT: 4a55t HH de BECTS ef ey ae ae Yh oa Tie JAMES L. MORSE - 31 —-—- nin IMAC im 93 01748 8804 a th OS [Ven « 8, ~~ f - ~ - 1 24456 COMPARISON of MECHANICAL ENGINEERING SUBJECTS viz. MECHANICAL DRAWING KINEMATICS MACHINE DESIGN in TWENTY-FIVE AGRICULTURAL COLLEGES. A Thesis Submitted to The Faculty of MICHIGAN AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE by James L. Morse. Candidate for the Degree of Bachelor of Science. June 1916. THESIS “oe: rh -~: INDEX: - Alabama Polytechnic Institute ------------------- Page l. Colorado Agricultural College ------------------- " Le Delaware College ---~---------------------------- "3, Hawaii College of Agriculture & iiechanio Arts --- " 4. Purdue University (Indiana) --------------------- "65. Iowa State College ------------------------------ " 6. Kansas Stete Agricultural College --------------- " 7. Maryland Agricultural College ------------------- " 8. Michigan Agricultural College ------------------- " 9. Mississippi Agricultural & Mechenical College --- ™" 10. Montena State College of Agricultural & Mechanic Arts ll. New Hampshire College --------------------------- W412, Rutgers Scientific School (N.J.) -------+---------- " 13. New Mexico College of Agriculture --------------- " 14. North Carolina College ---~----------------------- "415. North Daxota Agricultural College --------------- " 16. Oklahoma Agricultural & liechanical College ------ " 17. Oregon Agricultural College ----------------~----- " 18. Pennsylvania Stete College --------------~------- "619. Rhode Island State College ---------------------- " 20. Clemson College (S.C.) -------------------------- " 21. south Daxota State College ----------------~------ "22. Texas Agricultural & Mechanical College --------- " 23. Virginia Polytechnic Institute ------------------ "24. Washington State College -----------~------------ " 25. General Summary ---------------------~----------- " 26. LOZ9OL -: INTRODUCTION: - In the compilation of this thesis it was the author's endeavor to compare the courses in Mechanical Drawing, Kinematics and Machine Design in twenty-five ditferent State Agricultural Colleges (including our own. The descriptive part of this work gives (in as much detail as could be obtained from the catalogs and circulars of the various institutions) the hours of lecture and laboratory periods required in the regular four year course in the ebove subjects, while a supple- mentery blue print shows graphically the comparative number of credit hours required in each of the above mentioned subjects and the comparative number of credit hours required for the entire course. At the veginning of each page is given the nun- ber of lecture and laboratory periods per week for each class year for the different terms or semesters. For ex- emple, in our own institution the subject of Kinematics is teught by means of one lecture and four drafting hours per week; the four drafting hours constituting two periods, making in all three periods per week, yielding three credits. It is referred to as "one lecture and two labo- retory periods". In otner words, the number of credit hours per week is given where possible instead of the actual clock hours spent in the drafting room. Ina few cases the credit hour system wes not used and the number of clock hours were given. In these cases the drafting room work is specified as "hours per week" instead of "laboratory veriods"”. In most of the institutions one lecture or two laboratory hours count as one credit hour. ~l- Alabama Polytechnic Institute, Auburn, Ala. Freshman Yeer. Mechanicel Drawing: Two laboratory periods lst Term vr? ? we w Ww 2nd WW WwW a] w w ih ard ? Sophomore Year. Mechenical Drawing: Two laboratory periods lst Term AJ " 1? tr " 2nd Li "7 wt vw 1? 3rd w Junior Year. Kinematics: Three hours per week lst " wachine Design: Two laboratory periods " " w af rt n " end W "? w ve ve We 3rd wt Senior Year. Machine Design: One lecture, two lab. periods lst " w Ww w we wn w 1 2nd 1 a] ba] w Ww Uh WwW Sra 1? Description. The freshman drawing consists of practice in the use and care of instruments, pencil drawing and inking, or orthozraphic projection with sections and intersections, pictorial representations of objects, isometric, cavalier, diametric, working drawings, tracing and blueprinting. The sophomore drawing is a continuation of the freshman drawing with the exception that as a check on the work in sections, models are cut from paper and made up to show the shape of the surface or object. The course in kinematics includes the analysis of machines, motions, velocities, instantaneous centers, kinematic chains, velocity diagrams, parallel and straight line motions. The communication of motion by means of gear wheels, belts, cams, screws, link work and the differ- ent ways of obtaining definite velocity ratios and defin- ite changes of velocities in machine parts are investigated. Problems in designing quick return motions, trains of mech- anisms, and gear trains are treated. [Illustrated lectures with the lantern, shoving practical applications of mecha- nism to the design of tiachinery, are given at intervals throughout the course. In the junior machine design part of the work is sunplementery to the work in kinematics and includes the actual design of cams, gears and quick return motions. Simple mechines are designed from dimensioned sketches made by the student from models or actual machines. The drawings are traced and blueprinted. The senior machine design includes both lectures and drafting room work. The lectures cover general infor- mation, as the selection of materials for different machine parts, the rules for proportion of varts to secure strength, symmetry and cheapness of manufacture, and the vest methods of making, recording and preserving the calculations inci- dental to the design of a complete machine. The drafting room work includes the design of com plete machines to meet specified conditions. A complete set of notes are required and filed with the drawings. 2. Colorado Agricultural College, Fort Collins, Colo. Freshman Year. Mechanical Drawing: Four laboratory periods lst Semester " " Two " " end " Junior Year. Kinematics: One laboratory period lst Semester Senior Year. Machine Design: One laboratory period end Semester Description. The freshman mechanical drawing includes the care and use Of instruments and the making of practice drawings, lettering, problems in orthographic and isometric projections and the development and intersection of surfaces. Text by Anthony. In the second semester the sketching of machine parts and the making of working drawings, tracings and blue prints from these sketches is taken up. The course in kinematics receives no description further than that it is a requirement in the junior year. The course in senior machine design includes the design and arrangement of power plants, shops and fectories and as a prerequisite to this advanced work on semester is devoted to the designing of screws, bolts, nuts, gears and complete machines, such as arbor presses, drill presses, lathes, engines, etc. 3. Delaware College, Newark, Del. Freshman Year. Mechanical Drawing: Three hours per week lst Term ww A 9 ? Lh w ond rw sOphomore Year. Mechanical Drawing: Three hours per week. lst Term " " " " "or end" Machine Design: " n "oon 1 Junior Year. Kinematics: Four hours of class room and drafting lst " ] " 1 " 1" 1" 1 " ond 1? senior Year. Machine Design: Six hours of class room & drafting lst " w Ww 2 a | WW Ww ve " end A Description. The freshman mechanical drawing includes: the care and use of instruments and materials; outlining; principles of outline shading; section lining; projections; lettering; intersection and development of surfaces. The sophomore mechanical drawing includes free hand sxetching; detailed working drawings and assembly drawings; tracing; blueprinting; use of hand books. The sophomore empirical machine design includes drewing from empirical formulas; methods of laying out cams, gear wheels and other mechanical contrivances. The course in kinematics includes the laws of motion; combinations of pure mechanism; rolling and sliding contact; velocity diagrems; linkwork; cams; pulleys; forms of gear teeth. The general theory of slide valves and link motions. The application of the Zeuner diagrem to the design of the principal slide valve-gears. The senior machine design includes the principles of the design of machinery; their application to the design of special parts, comprising the calculation of all stresses and the necessary distribution of metel to withstand then; proverties and uses of materials; the use of hand books. College of Agriculture & Mechanic Arts, Territory of Hawaii, Honolulu. Freshman Year. Mechenical Drawing: Two laboratory periods lst Semester f v? i 7 r on ad w Junior Year. Kinematics: One lecture & one laboratory period lst Semester Machine Design: Lecture and laboratory- 3 " end " senior Year. Machine Design: Lecture and laboratory 2 " end Semester Description. The freshman mechanical drawing consists of elemen- tary drafting, which includes freehand sketching, freehand lettering, use of instruments, conventional sections, draw- ing from copies and models (Using parts of machines from the mechanical laboratories as models), the making of shop draw- ings, tinting and shading, tracing and blueprinting, in which particular attention is given to lettering, general neatness and accuracy. Text: Jamison's Elements of Drawing. The course in kinematics includes: the velocity ratios of various motions, the construction of gears, cams, quick-return motions and the design of trains of mechanism. Special attention is paid to methods of calculation and the use Of computing devices as an aid to rapid work. The junior machine design includes: the calculation of strength and stress, the principles of design of machine parts; the general features involved in the arrangement of conveying and transmission systems, the computation of ma- Ghine details unit working stresses and the relation of de- sign to shop possibilities and shop practice. Each student is assigned problems for actual con- putation from the principles of this and the preceding courses. Solutions of problems must be comprehensive with regard to strength of parts, adjustment, accessibility, cost of main- tenance, appearance, cost of production and interchangeabil- ity. All proportions must be determined from the fundamental principles involved. Text: Unwin's Machine Design, Parts l and ll. The senior machine design includes the calculation and design, together with a complete set of assembly and de- tail drawings of a steam engine for a given power and spec- ified service. ~5- Furdue University, Lafeyette, Ind. rreshmen Year. Mechanical Drawing: Four drawing hours per week lst Semester w tt vw ft " 1? tf 2 n a 9 Sophomore Year. Mechanical Drawing: Three drawing hours per week lst " Junior Year. Kinematics: One lecture & 5 drawing hours per week lst " A vf tT Ww Of Lh 8 | Ww end " senior Year. Machine Design: Six draving hours per wee ist " ? Ww ? rt n Ww i on dad 1? Description. The freshman mechanical drawing includes: freehand drawing, lettering and the details of machines, drawing from copy and sketch of details of machines. Drawing of complete machines from sketches. Shading drawings by lines and washes, and showing different materials by color washes. The sophomére mechanical drawing is a continuation of the freshman drawing and is more advanced. The junior machine design is a combination of ima- chine design and kinematics and consists of lectures and drafting room work. The senior machine design consists of several op- tions, among which may be mentioned: engineering design, steam turbine design, car design, locomotive design and gas engine design. The engineering design is usually taken the first semester and consists of: original designs of machine tools and shop layouts or such machinery as traveling cranes, hoists, elevators and conveying machinery, air compressors, steam pumps and steam boilers. The regular course of in- struction is supplemented by such reference as may be found on each subject and with access to trade catalogs and blue prints, the student celculates the principal parts of these appliences and submits a set of detailed working drawings vith a complete report of his work. The steam turbine design consists of the design of steam turbines by constructing theoretical diagrams and determining the leading dimensions of the proposed machine by each member of the class, after which the details are de- veloped and working shop drawings prepared. Iowa State College, Ames, Ia. Freshman Year. Mechanical Drawing: Two laboratory periods ist Semester " One lecture,one lab. period end " Sophomore Year. Mechanical Drawing: Two leboratory periods lst " Kinematics: One end " Junior Year. Machine Design: One laboratory period ist Semester " Four lectures 2nd " " " One laboratory period " " Senior Year. Machine Design: Two laboretory periods lst " " Three laboratory periods end " Description. The freshman mechanical drawing includes the use of instruments, practice in lettering and detailing, mak- ing of shop drewings, principles of projection of the point, line and plane as annlied to the preparation of general and detail engineering drewings of machines and structures. The sophomore mechanical drawing includes the scetching of nachine details, prepasretion of scaled shop drawings, lettering, tracing and blue vrinting. Tie course in kinemstics includes the study of inechanisms; location of virtual centers, construction of velocity and acceleration diagrams, cams and linkages. The junior machine design covers the study of mechanisms, use of Bilgrem and Zeuner valve diagrams, slide and Corliss valve gear design, elements of machines, design of festenings, joints, gesring, belting, lubrication, ma- Chine frames and attachments, boiler design, study of form, strenecth and vroportions of frames and moving parts of pumenes and cranes. Tne senior mschine design includes: computation of air requirements, heat losses, design of neating and ven- tilating systems, location of apparatus, leyout of piping, low pressure district heating systems. Computations and design of power crane: complete detailed drawings of girder and trolley, or the option of gas engine design which includes complete calculations and drawings of gas or other internal. combustion engine. _7~ xansas State Agricultural College, Wenhattan, Kans. Sophomore Year. Wechenicsl Drawing: One lecture, one lab. period lst Term " " two lab. Periods end " " - - - - = three " ora " Junior Year. Kinemetics: Tvo lectures, one laboratory period lst " echenicsl Dreving: Two leboratory periods end " senior Year. Mechine Design: One lecture, two laboratory periods lst " vw vw "" ond 1! A} vy thre e vt W 3rd ? Description. The sophomore mechanical drevsing includes the use and csre of drewing instruments, with simple exercises in meking working drawings from given plates. Special atten- tion is given to the arrangement of views to secure balance, and to the subject matter and layout of titles and notes. Free hend sketches are made from simple machine parts, fol- lowed by complete working drawings from these sketches with- out further reference to the objects. Special emphasis is laid upon the proper selection of views to present the necessary information in convenient form, and to give the proper dimensioning of the drawings. Text: French's Engi- neering Drawing. The junior kinematics consists of the considera- tion of the following subjects: mechanisms for producing in- termittent motion, such as clicks, ratcnets and escepenents; wheels in trains and combinetions of mechanism. Text: Sschwamb & iferrill's Elements of Mechanism. The junior mechanical drawing includes the solu- tion of a nroblem on the slide valves by the Zeuner diagran, followed by the design, mostly by empirical methods, of the cylinder, viston, steam chest and valve of a steam engine. "ent" is extensively used for reference. The senior inachine design includes a careful study or the fundamentals of machine design. The energy and force problems and the straining actions in mechine elements are considered, together with the design of these elements to meet specified conditions as to strength and rigidity. The drafting room vractice consists of the solution of several problems in design besed upon the principles already ] earned in Applied ilechanics. In the latter part of the term, work is begun on the design of « steam boiler. Cxslculations are made to determine the dimensions of all parts, and working drawings are made. Text: Kimbell and Barr's Elements of lis- chine Design. In the winter term the design of the steam boiler is completed end the design of a power shear is begun, which vork is completed during the soring term. ~3- Werylend Agricultural College, College Park,lid. Freshman Yesr. Miechanical Drewing: Four laboratory periods ist term vw vt "v wv wv 2 nad vw wv vy vf? Ww v? ar a wt Junior Year. Machine Design: One lecture, two lavorsetory periods lst term re v? " Two lectures, " " end " " " Three " four " " Sra " senior Year. Mechine Desiom: T.o lectures, two laboratory " lst " v? Ww 7? r? ? ve vw? end Ww 1? Ww 1? rf] th ree 1? " 2 ra TY Deecriotion. The fresnmean mecnanicel Grewing includes prectice in plésin lettering, use of instruments, vorojection end scim- ple worxing drevings; the plates upon comoletion beinz en- closed in covers vroperly titled by the students. Text book: Tracy's Mechsnical Dreving. ine junior machine design includes free hsnd sxetch- ing of the deteils of uncninery and smking working dravings of seme. Cclculations and drewings of « simple type punching press. Text book: Hoffman's Miachine Design. The senior machine aesign includes analysis of stresses in structural steel buildings, treveling cranes and derricks. Design of crene girders, lattice girders end roof trueses. In audition, mechenicsl engineering stucents have desiryn of crenes. Both Analyticel @nd srephical methods are used; that veirz used whicn is best suited to the rrcble:. Text books: Cembria Steel, setchum's Steel ill Buildings, iwwerrimen's Bridge Design, PTnoupson's; Bridge end Structurel Decizcn. Q Y 7? Mmlenizan Agricultural Colleze, mast Lensing,iiich. Freshinnsn Year. mechanicel Drewing: Three laboretory periods lst term 1" ve 17 " rt nd "! sonhomore Year. wachine Design: Three laboratory periods lst " Kinenwsetics " " " end " Junior Year. lischine Design: Three lectures lst " " " " leborstory periods end " ? vw TO Li ft Sra WW Senior Year. Machine Design: Three laboretory periods end " ? ww Four t? " Sra A Description. une freghman mechenicel dréving includes free hend letterins, elementary mechenical drawing, lettering and di- mencsioning. tTreinirg in the cére and tse of instruments. ad- venced working drewings from machine perts. Trecing and blue- printing. The sophomore macnine design includes the design of machine elements end perts by the use of empirical or theoret- iccélly derived formula retier than by tne analysis of stresses. Tne course in Kinemetics includes problems dealing with the wotions of uechine verts without reference to their ectucl aesign end including point pseths, cams, gearing, anel- ysis of wecnenisms, deteriainaetion of instantaneous centers, centroaes, relative velvucities ana ecceleravions. The junior mwoachine design includes e study of theo- retical principles and their prectical ap lication in the de- Sien of verts of machines. Considerstion is given to the prenver wordning stresses, beea:ine pressures end permissible velucities, «nd the problems considered include the cesign of ceys, eerew fastenings, cnorings, sheits, engine perts, boil- ers, celt end seer trensmissions, ete., slso the design in the drefting room of complete waechines. another pnase of the ork consists of the uesien, by srephic and xinemsetic methoas, of the velve sears of seversl different types of steam engine. The senior machine design includes a study of the purpose of and the generel forms of jigs, fixtires and attech- ments, ena of cutting and foriing tools of vario.s xinds such es are necessery to tne economical production of iechine perts, end a veriety of nroblems in sctusl design. The design of speciel ischine tceols is aiso considered. Tne course also includes tne determination of the pvprincipal Ciiensions of a complete steain engine, teins frepnicel end analytical ‘methods ot analysis. Tne direction, point of sonlicestion end net jimount OF the forces acting on the veriovs serts are ccrefully Geterisinead gna the dimensions ere celculated accordingly. -10- iisSissippi Agricultural & liechanical Collece, Acricultuwral College, ilies. Freshnsan Year. mechanicsl Dreviing: Tyo latcrstory periods ist tern W W Three 1? WW ond We Ww v? A LA] WY ord vY sonhomore Yesr. Miechanical Draving: Two laboratory periods ist term Ww A tt 1 " ond "w v? vf? Ww Ww tT Sra TY? Junior Yeer Miecnine Design: Three hcurs ver week lst terin Ww ! rr W WwW WW end rt "7 TY? YY Ww YT vw Ord WW penior Year. méeCchine Design: Three nourse per veex lst term Y Ww Ww W " ve “na a v? v? wv " t ord WW Descrivtion. The treshmen wechanical dre.ing includes vrsctice in sxetening mechenicel detsils and in freehand lettering, ise end csre of araving instruments, sevmetrical construc- tions, »rogjections of wacnine pnerts, stsanaard bolts, etc. Text book: French's Engineering Drewing. The sophomore inechesnicael drawing includes projec- tion drewing, with especial consideration cf the needs of mechenicel draftsmen. The course is intended to give thor- ough treining in those -ortions of the suoject which consti- tute tie foundetion uf drsving. Vext book: French's Ensgi- neering Drains. The junior imechine design includes practical work on arsine bosrd, designea to femiliarize the student with elements of mecnines. ‘Tne drawing room methods of tne lead- ing menufscturing plents ere followed closely. Tne princi- ples of design studied in the class room are egnvlied, éna Getéile ere designed witi. specicl resard tc econoiny in men- uzacture. tne senior iacscnine design includes e study of the Gesizn of cteem boilers, steem engines, punnint .xchinery, etc., vwitn reference to svurenksth, Srneeu resulation, construc- ticn ena economic opergévion, elso a etucy of the aeeien end esrrerecenent cf nover plants. -1l- wontana State College of agric. 2 liecnanic arts, Bozeman, jwontana. Fresnivan Year. hiechanicsl Droving: Three labcratory periods let Semester wonhomore Yeer. ninenatics: Two lectures, tvo lsboratory periods lst Semester " One " " " end Semester Junior Year. méEChine Lesigm: Une lecture, tvo laboratory periods lst Semester vy " " Three " " " 2nd Seneste penior Year. lwacnine vesirn: tnree lectures, two leb. reriods lst Semester "1 " " " " cond Semester Lescrivtiaon. Irene fcesninen inecnenical dreving includes the use of acavinge instruments and solein lettering; prubleus in su... . £ cnr? nm 2 -+ ~ - : ho bre aesiend of usechnine »serts ov enalysis of stresses avolieda, 4. anc celection of prener factors of safety, sna drafting ruom aennlicevisns uf this work to the Gesion ena vVorKcing G2avings vf couplete i.acnines. A Snort time is devoted to tiie subject of jig and fixture design. Text: Kimball & Barr. neference booxs: Sehwamb % wercill and sxent's Hendboox. Tne senior .echine design consists of & study of t..@ various tyes of recivvuce bing steéai encvtines and tne desisn of iwachkine tools, invlvding fixtures and ettavcniients; oOilers, furnaces, automatic stoxers, smoke evatemnent; in- ternzl co.ubustion engines, was producers, scrubbers, tar senarators, wechners, nolders, etc. Orceron Agricultural Colleze, Corvallis, Cregon. Hfresnman Year. fH US ct 0 © mecnanicel srawing: T.o laburetory neriods sue ster woono:nore yeere ohn wechenical lrawing: Three leboratory periods lst " dinenetics: to lectures, two leo. weriods end " penior Ycar. wechine DLesien: sour lectures 1st " " " Three laboratory neriods end Descrinotion. tne fresiien wmechsnicel draving includes the use of instruments «nd tne elenentsry nrincivles of i.echenical Graving, teucht by a craded series of pleves, including Sisple practice sreets, fSeonetric constructions, principles orf ortnographic projection, s:eding, the helix with its ap- plicavion to screw tnresds snd finelly the complete devel- Opment of e vord«ing blue print cf soise Simple device from sxetenes. ereorticuler ettention is given to free-nendad let- tevcing, generel neetnees and accurecy. rhe sophomore mechenicéel adreving includes ..ecnan- icél lettering, line sieaing, isometric Bud oblique projec tion, -eaer curves end treir cnovlication to spur, bevel end word ceaving. solluvinz this is tne preparation cf a typ- ical set ul vorking drawings, trecings end blue prints of a cOmolete inacninee xcoid end ousiness-lixe execution of work is insisted upon set all times. The course in kinematics consists of « stuay of nwecnanieél woveuents, incliding velccity cev1i0s; trensnuis- Sion of wotion by Linx .ork, sesring, cems end belting. the senlor :cvurnine adesign consists iarsely in an- payirg the nrincipies disevusced in .wechenism erd in -:echen- ics to the desien of wacnine varts. Yne work invlwdes emong ovuner thins tne study of serews, fastenings, sraiting, & end mecrine franes. 9 belting, fly-vneels, .neels, ~earing Lesiens end complete worxing drewings of uec:ines. The course also includes tie desien end working drawings of stee.. power plant vrceolems. anmons other tings ere considered tre locatisn of plents; the Selection of engines, ooilers, pnwWins aod rneaters; tne senerel arrengenent of re rts, including tne connections, piping ena auxiliaries. -~|19—€ fennsylvenia State College, State College, La. Freshman Year. mecnanical Dra. “ing: One laboratory period lst seinester 9 8 | ona tt sophomore Year. Kinenatices: Cne lecture, one leb. period lst " " " lab. veriod erid " Junior Yeer w~achine Lesien: Three lectures, two lcb. perivds ist " " Ty0 " three " end " senior Year. ~achine vecisn: Pvo lectures,tvwo leb. neriods lst Description. Th.e fresninan mechenicel dra.ing includes tne selec- tion, care snd use of drawing instwuments; the construction end anvolication of the Romen and Gothic cepitels end sinall letters to tie rapid lettering or working drewings and to the design of formel titles; study of the correct working wethods in penciling, inking end tracing; reading cf working drawings; ceteiling end tne construction of essenbly dra\ings; conolied sxetcning end geo:etrical constructions. Tre eoondimore xinenatics deals with i.echenical move- ments snd tne -rerhicel renresentation of velocities and ac- celerations. ADpLlicetions of these to caus, links, treins uf .wecnenism es vell ss to vcreallel and ditferential wotions ece studied. Phe drafting roou vork involves tre leving out of a nuwiber of plates, neevly done on white pever end inked in, vf aiirerent furms of spur and vevel gearing, worm wheels, end snecial work, veried from time to time to suit the adil- ity of the individuel stvdent. The junior machine design a feirly simple but cun- plete .2xcenine cesigned by each. stuuent in tne class, end vworxr- mén live adrewings and tracings wsae of the seme. "he mecnean= ics of .auhinery ave wurked into this corse. Pre course | also includes boiler aesien - tne draftine rvuom desi-n of norizontel, vceturn tuduley boiler, inclicdins celculations 5f cnell tnickness, hesetine surface, weight euoty end full, Yriv- etead joints, staying, tube-snac sing, etc. ‘techenies of nolst- Li.€ -ecninery +t eush.t frou notes co.ipiled vartly weisbacn's mecréanices of hois Ying wmechninery, .artly fvon vest imoaern wractice, and vartly frou cetalogs and ci.rrent engineering Literature. It eleuo includes © larve nuaber of u.ecnanicel pvruolens, to ove worxed either in or out of class. vrertineg roo... .ethnods end tie cesizn of Siimiple inachines, tracing and bluevrinting. Tne senior nechine design includes the tueory in- volved in puaping machinery end steam enzine design. The students are working at the sere time in the drefting rvom on tne design of a simple, modern, nigh eneed, stec: engine. The creftine rooin work consists of 2-11 t-..eoretical caesigns tet can ve covered in the time, incltdinz the resulsr drait- ing wevnoas end diacre:ns used in such worn. Ww nhode Islend State College, I Kireston, a. I. Freshmen Year. hiechanicel Drewing: Three laboretory reriods lst term ry Tr? TO ih] W cond Tf? Sochomore Year Mechar.ical Drawing: Three laboratory veriods end " Kinematics: Three lectures " " Junior Year wachine Design: Tnree leboratory neriods lst " penior Year. Machine Design: Two lectures, four leb. periods ist " " " Three lab. periods end " Description. Tre freshren mecnenical drawing course includes let- tering, free hend sxetching, use of drafting tools, geometri- cal voroblens, projections, mechine vsorts. The sonnomore uiecnanicel are\ing course includes detail end esseubly dravings, elementery macnine design. Tre course in Kinemeties includes a study of insten- teneous centers, centroids, lobed «neels, belts, pulleys, four-bar linkxeaces, craprical determination cf velocity ratios, quick return motions, straiznt-line wotions, nantoeranhs, treins cf sears, epicyclic trsins, tooth rvesring, epicycloi- aqal and involite teeth, bevel vneels, ete. Text: Scnwemb & wmerrill's itechanisn. ihe junior machine design includes techniaue of wachine drafting, covlication of kinematics to the desirn of fears, velves, linxeces, cuick-return inctions, etc. The cenior machine design includes design of ina- Chine verts frou considerations cf the inotions involved, strength, rigidity and friction; desi-n of a complete imeachine; calculations with design of some tyve of engine, starting with given requirement of horsepower, speed, ete., and with an essumed theoretical indicator card. Study of the verious types of power plents as to choice, lvcation, design end op- eration; prime overs, tieir eccessories end auxiliaries. Study of the effects on economy, range end reliability of Simple cr compound, condensirg or non-condensing engines witn verlcus velve rears, tnrottling end cut-off governors, dif- ferent boiler installetions, feed water heaters, economizers, nressure regulatorgounos, ingectors, mechanicsl stokers, turced and induced draft, chimneys, etc., celculations of proper sizes, puvers end strenetns of v,achines end ennsratus of tne power plant; ..ethods of improving economy. The plece of the steai turbine in power plant work. Discussion of the types of hydraulic ..achinery, tneir efficiency, and the par- ticular conditions tc -hich each is best adacanted. The daif- ferent suction end vressure «es producers, thecry, cepacity, future, ete., of sas engines from both the thermodynaniic End tne sechea.icel points of view. -2]- Clenson College, Clonson College, S. UC. sresh IGN Ye GAVe mechanical Lreawing: U.e lad. sericd Ww " Ww iB rf v? v? wv " ve So! chorore Year mecharical praying: Une lab. nerivod 11 T W W " 1? wt Ww YW W Junicr Year. pinesstics: To lectures, one i8d. ceriod WwW ” Vn : -a4 bal One lao. eriod Ww tf a Ww osenicr Year 7- -% es wT" e e Vy... . . nat woiCnhine Design: Tvo lesb. veriods AI vf vf? v we ve Ww ft TT rv yyy im. 2718 4Le le so tern end Sra ist "™ ond 4ra " lst " ena " ord ist " ena ”" ra ”" Tonen wmecnanicnl arewlug includes exercises in the use of instrwients, lettering, gecinetrical dreving, " conventional ren: srepnie nro section; cnoo drevines Prom text Getciis cf standaras (thresas, bolts, rivets, esentation of .etels and inaterials, inede to conventional uge of lines: standard conventions for pipe, teeth, ete.) VDinensioning tu reduce scale, workirg narts; 4as- Troi saxaetches; cetail arevings Trou actual enzire senubly aravines fvroa aetsiis of sebhove; designing, tracing, blue printing. ‘Vert: s:sineering Uraving, French. ortho- scale; treads, rear _— drawings rhe copnomere mechanic&l adravinzeg includes exerviscs in intersection end develooment of surfaces, isowetric drav- ing, linear perspective, working araving of .achnines or parts of .acnines Troa model, i:Strvetion in Grefting room vractice, cunstruction of screw threecds, rruncertion uf bolts eleuentary iuvsichine GeSizn, tracing end blue printing. ex ~~ amas -4- yo a Te ai -Luieering Drevwing, #sench. (fa Pre junior kinenstices consists uf « end nuts, study of reletive vGities, Link inotions; auick returns; sour Gna bevel fear- belting. mvectic rod vel f ing: ceaus, ratchet motions; streicnt Line tions 2ne drafting reom éenclicetions cof the cbove inclide vrublems involving link motion, cuicsx return niotions, caus, -earing, covplings, ete., Woreing aqrevings, tracing snd dlue oOrirtine. fre senior wichine design includes tr Verlvts carts of Sestines, ceteils of steam ens ed electricsl se eninery; aQravine¢s fer current Lesien a@revings reaquiread in sracueticon thesis. wsed out re >ferencee bouxS on wechine degign and nutes ave used. L, in e desizn of "ine, ~ ork in ¢nops. LO St eS S cnelire x 9 text is ructors' south Lekota Stete Collere oe) 9 Srvokings, OD. rrecnizen Year. mechenicsl Lraving: tive 12d. :erlods lst senester ponhomore Year. machine besien: our led. neriods Zid " Juricey Year. wechine Desien: Two laboratory reriods let " Ki:teumatics: three leutures " " @ ° VW n wenicr redger. meicnine weston: Five leb. neriods ist " W WwW " WW 2 ad ? Deserintion. the fresnisan course in wmechanicel draving includes ipstiveticn in tne cxove end use of drafting instruments, Ee- Guetrical problems and constructions cena tne Maxnins of darav- ings of parts of wecnhines the gorhenore inechine aesign ig tne enplicetion of tne crincloles of araftirs to the desien of siiple mechine voe gunicr iachine design igs se continuaticn of the souneunore iachine vcelen, o.t invelves luore savenced vrobleus in tue agesizn of waecninery. wre course in xirevatics invludes a study of tne eleiwients of wachinery, velocity retios, ‘“repnic Soe ee ets. tion vf speed and seceleretion; motion: trensmittinge parts Sich eS vears, belts, caus, serevs, link work, autouatic TCeGS, O6La allel cna cuicex return metions; dec oning. Lext: wood erd Stanl. une senior cuurse in .e chine desion includes the cOluticn in tne dravin= room of & veriety of nreeticel prob- lens in design end the aking of coiplete practicel vorxing drevings of seme. * or a Agcriculturel end Mechsnicesl Colleze of Texas, Collese Station, Texes. Preshmen Yeare Y ~ ! The weet QH e IN var a - ~ qe .. 4 wate. mechanicel Drawing: Three nours rer weex, lab. Ist ter: 1? " " tt " Y o d Y on ponnomcre Year. mecnine Desien: four hours per veer, Lud. Ist semer Kinenetices: Three lectures, tnree hours ver week lab. end " Junior Year. Weacnine Design: Five hours ner week, 1éb. lst " " 1? 1! Y i " 1? ae a] ona HNenior Yeer. mec ine Lesien: sree lectures, four }.0urs 1a 2D. ist " vt W Y ? ond 3? Deserivtion. The Treshmen mechenical draving includes ccre and use of instruments, Sitvie exercises in the tse cf drewing instru- ments, instrunentel end free nend lettering, eeo.uetrica .L con- structions, corvstct.etions uf pisne curves, plane and axcmetric nvojections, nroblems in descriotive cveometry involving pvints, lines, olsnes, tangeney, intersections of plones and solias, intersection of solids, develoOowent of surfaces, shades and ercacve, linear sersvective. Yext: iecnaniecal Dreving, Glesec:e. ree Sophomore iweciine desisn includes stenderd conve n- tlonel section lining, araving of stendard bolts, nuts, rivets, ti.readas; nelixes, elementary ssrts of .aviines end engineering strictures. text: f:me és BDUVE. t NY vue cuurge in xinematics inclides tne study of motion, velocity retios, co.vareative forces, ete., in :acines end their elesentel parts. /vactice in the cunstriction tf xinemetic ain- rreniSe Text: accninue Lesign, Jones. Tue junior mecnine design inclides 2 co1rse of “recticc in tne desictn ef wac.ine elements, end their nower renvre.onteticn by weans of finished chop drevings. Lo text is required, bit students ere eavised to use either Kent's or Sunlee's hendduon. The senior sachine design irnclides a stuay of the ce- sien crt engines, pucping .echinery, etc., from tne stendpolnt of their strength, speed reculation, construction end econur.iccl rerrormance; elso a Sti ay vf the éesisn of nuwer plants cs to capacities and arrénssc.ents. ATENINE FVOR Face Zee ln the desi: of machines ¢:d tover sLerts, .lexti-stean rover rlents, Georarat, Ker.t or Suplee's 7}. nabook Is"elso required. — ~24~ Virgiria Polytechnic Institute, Blecksbure, Va. wechsnieal Lbreving: Seven hours per weex lst tern tf " rour YY " ong rt " " chree " " " Srdso"" yornomore Year. wechoricsl vraving: seven nours per week end " " w Four " Ww iB Sard 1 Junior Yeer. wachine Lesien: Six hours ner week end w2Chnine Design: Tnree hours per weex let " Kinenaties " " " " lst " LDeseription. The freshman isecnanicsal dre. ‘ing includes a thorousn el- enuentary course in orthoyrspnie vroZ ection, in which, on account of its Glinost universal ean Loy nt in préctice, the third anzle is exclusively used. Considersble attention is paid throuszhout tie Ssecsion to free hend Lettering, in vnich no atteaot is nsce fo consiaer the proportions of letters, SPECING , etc., trom 2a sclentifie vvint of view, our the student ras conies which he is renuLlrei to renrcauce ui til ne@ Cn Mace “nd soece letters savis- roctorily. “ne Surmomore wecnéenienl drewinut inclides & ceries of Levtures, quizes. Ene araving tests on the fundaiental neincinles of technicel issnine ars ving es leid down in the text boson. after the student has eequired sume Temilierity «ith these principles end come facility tn tneir @ oliestion, ue as given ic machine a tb il to exeten e2ccraing to the rules he has lenrned. sketches r+ OD om O nuiab ex of detsils he ving been finished, the student is set to work ieking mechnénieel dre\ings from tnese, ¢pnlying es he nroceeas just tne same metnoas and conventions és «re in agily uge in the drafting rooms cf our vetter-kron coniercigel esteb- Lishnients. feom tine to tine tre student is reguired to solve such problems as tne following: A .wAachine dréwing is hended him oa which ze is asked to uske certsin importat chenges=- the «a- dition of a view, tie alteration of a view, the elimination of e view by tne encloy..ent of en eobrevieting artifice; or to ‘uske Trou en esseubled drawing a dre Wing Uf eome one of its deteils. Phe Junior wacnine aes en l:nciudes ¢ eirly comnleve ing board study of ouontolidal Curves, syeloidsl and Laiveoltte QvarL Sour end oevel pears, werm searing end spirel fears. Hoe senior wecnine deci-n includes theory aia design Of chatting, eranx snerts, cranks, jcirnels, cesrings, curvrlirves, clutenes, keys, end nins, riveted joints, bolts, pines sna pine connections, cotters and cotterea joints, friction cnd belt Feur- ing, textile end wire rore trensmission, cieins end nooks, -istvon: endoiston reds, cercss sds end suides, connecti: = rods, olite end helicel Spr ings. Sie Kinematies includes thecry of wecnaniem snd cecrirss toothed circuler wheels, velocity enc scceleration Gdlsvraus. F w= 0G vweShinzston stete Collere, svullmen, ussh. Freshinan Year. wmecnenical vravirg: Tyo lectures, three lav. periods let se .ex " " “Ynree leb. periods end " ponnomore Year. meCnine Lesien: ree lavuratory periods lst " Junior Yecer. ainetatics: Ghree lectures ist " yenior =t- weCnine Lesizn: Lo ctures, tnree lad. neriods lst " " " yix led. ,ericdas end " vescrivtion. the tsresnusn wecrenicel draving inclides instruction in tre selectiun, cere end use of crsevwirg instruments end in olein, free hand lettering. this is Tullowed by € thorcush study cr descrintive geonetry and verticulsr stress is leid upon the princinles to tinsiwiithineg, Cc. ws t:.ese a 4. S1uieeu orthoerephic nrojectiun. nrectical scnnlication cf wetvel worKxing, boiler maKing, svone cutting, steucturel steel joints, end upon ense- lyticsl weéethocs of cnecking erephic results. Also isowetric ena céedinet projectitn end their asolicévion to cetéeiling struc- turel steel end tiuber goints- and .@hine narts. verspective aqraving end its soplicstion, swrecrhine cert Gre.ing, free nend sxetenine of wacnine varts, blue printing, conventionel inetrnece OD ropresenting ectenderd sects ori @nhines. enue Ssupnonorce uGeehine design voneists of s stuay of tre f€lupvler nnases Of inéeciine construction :nd the design cf Slaple .sciines. wne guntior course in xinenatics inclides <« study of ti.e cléeisentary inecnsniesl movements; verious weens of conimun- lcétving inotion; cnseneres . velucity,; Teed iwotion; auick return movements; prinvirles of outline end motion £5 cpolica to move Ing narts of iovurinery, ouch as sear teetn, caus, Link-worx, pulleys and veltins. aie fenler curse li oeuine uwesigen inecltaes dusigne Suc Cetciled worsing drewings of complete wigzines in connee Lion witn e sourse of study in -n sdvenced text on machine eshte aleo the Ggesien with complete celvulstions of & hisn sneea eteci engine, and of a tyvo or four eyele sss engine, With couclete working arewings. General Sumseary. In the following teble the nwaber of credit Noevre “sinemnaties aevoted te ww” & 11 ate “nine vesirn ere the cubjgects of wecnsnicsl urewing, sensrately expressed in their resrective nercenteves of the totsl number of credit houvrs in t.e entire course in mwecnéenicel engi- neering in each institution and these percentarzes av- erazed for the entire number. STATE TOTAL LiiCH. y= HINES - ye LuaCiH pe HOURS Disiii e llaTICsS LiSIGh HOURS HOURS HOURS Colorado 156 6 be G59 1 0642 1 0642 velavare 176.5 705 4.4250 8 4.530 6 Oe400 Eavaii 147 4, Le 720 ra 1.369 5 00409 Towa 142 7 4.930 L 0795 7 4.959 Kansss 217 8 02699 3 1.382 LO 4.619 Maryland oUO0 6 22.0090 U 0 27 9.000 michigen £49) 4 1.666 5. 1.259 _18 7 od) miSSisSsinpisyy 12 4.0900 Q 0 15 5eOV0 montana 3 2-000 7 4.660 15 19.000 Nev Hrinpsnire 144 4 2.789 6 4.179 19 15.200 nutzers (inde) 132 4 3.060 4 3.080 9 66770 Nev itexico 154 8 5219) 2 1.299 4 22609 north Carolina 156 6 3-840 O U 11 7.050 North Dakota C29 4 1.790 3 1.345 18 6.089 Oklehoma 144 1-18 .930 4-YZ 3.050 15 10.410 Cregon 126 5 30970 3 £0480 LO 72940 rennsylveniea L659 2 1.250 o 1.875 13 82130 shode Island 165.5 8 4.839 O 1.610 g 5.44) South Carolina £60 7Te5D 228580 5 1.920 6 2ed5V south pexote 152 D 50299 3 1.974 16 10.529 Texas 161.5 3 1.860 4.5 2e785 19 11.770 wachineton 161 8 4.970 3 1.865 Li 6.85) Totel vercentages 69.766 A2Ze1L7T3 149.602 Aversge " 3eL71 1.917 6.609 | ate that the /ustitution has nvosystem ould not be Compared on that basis. _Scele t= 10 Hours. er he