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CA
wor

nN

i

GY

4 1
A

msm he

_-_

toa
ih:

4

rLresg ts

monia vy Lana Plas

~y

yy
» Ca

Uian
w wha
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5

and
{hoe
iN

tras .
' po > ~~
es dbawe we tw @

5

IDNeLP.
THesiS
vise a ,
tixatlon of Ammonia ny Land Plaster. #

kr 5 ,O 1 Ted <" Yes as «
rom the tlres of the Greeks and Romans, land plaster

r3
4
ct
iv
U2
cr
be ww.
Oo

o * ) ; . . } . . .
or plaster of Paris has been used as a tertilize

1 ezt 4 , *f)\4 vty - a . . .
composilvion CASO2, GH20. As a fertilizer it stil] 0lds a place

a,

anon ribneral tanires. Many staterents are found in ols wor ks On

agricultural che.istry relatin: to the paver of plaster or gypsum
to QAnosSorye an PQ K ary an] A wlrpas wt .
poe Gio Pevaln ayonla. At pescnt this is a live question.

fn yy ' 1 cs ‘ fs - , 1 Wo, ny . ~ . . ~ . -.
Many writers or cairyin~ elain that it 1S valiaole for absorbing

vic Gomonia is in the iorm of the cap-

GM. Tixiln= Qomonia. Wher iis
Ly mat os } , on 7 oy yy 1 ° -
Oonat the re-action is e)eired to pe 465 2 OJ] ows:

(Nik), COE + CaisQt ) = Cac OW +t (NIE) 9 Scie .

bho
C2
oO
re
c
Oo)
c
iw
Cc
=
(Ty
Ww
¢ vd
C
al

*4 £73. . “
o r £ > ce “yor G i ™, ,pT fe \a Vaya e an
\ Oreyr rw ay “2 y lee wd TE Oe Cea PIO TI’ Ch ry Sa

appropriate. '

Vary QT am 7 . “Y O-\ ‘ , ~ cy . ; om ‘ ' .
V ae a4 , (); ve p> Ww ‘ : \ an ¢ ’ my ts ms ry ™? . . f ) . ow
Vll€ I ¢ eet this s gcet, 2Y a@:vise of Protfesor

oe re _
, 77 FY “yy -_ WwW er on“ ~ ayy ” : 3 ~“ 4 , ow 4 -
neavle, TP wPlca sulyerirvie aeid, intending to call that a perfect

<< . ° . - . - .
WT ware ores iavyyy wh ror 4 7 i sup oF Sey
A LMI mea UI, Aang Use le as a Stendard PY Wilel: to meacire the

aa

t ’ ina oo a " . =) ” , —_ yy + 3 |
fix tn pUweP OF Obler substances. Mut IT coor found that this

woul. involve extra lapor ior which J bat no time. In all tt-ese

analyse; IT used a .eei-normal solution of nonla containing 1.7

r
é
+
t
¢

rans Of Nilo a: 1000 eueie centimeters of WALEL, and in the rec-

ports of analyses the ammonia is given in cucie eentimeters of

this solution.

wor my experiments with sulphuric acid, I placed
-_— 4 —- age

5) ¢@c.c.

the avid in

Unier ti.e game

OL

elasses containing

a wa

j cha Wa 35 pia

Slinllar

4
uv

eh lass which I

Nilf4iiO. Urier eprott:

7

4 ae
et. un

ct
rlass

aer a bell jar.

cOnteinin Ie

~ woe woe y e _ e + -
pap were placed other watch
the acid ana or the alkali

“a X. . 7 * 7 ; } 1. a al -
One Oo: the Gers was a gallon gar, tie other was a two callon jar
ryt : ~ : . 1. -, 2! Lt ties ., ely , .. .
fie agvaw2s leortunver the jars for twenty Dour Loirs, wien 1t
*- . ~ cr 7 - , “™ + . eg - j ‘ . if — : af ™ x + cr r¢ woe . :
WAS DPeUrmuVe. ar anali “ik. eal ae ha liad bias Siog,b 4h Tar wao 1. OUMS
““e J

2 5 "7 sore ~ wt arr” AA . m4 ; 4 ye) oy .
to VOMUaLnN « Or ee pak Qo rkbes y oe on wre ival tL The OL sta. © Cc. eC. Oz
- , ™ aw 1 wor ; on 7, . 7 4 , “ ' yr. a aa
ie stareard arsonia used. The acid under the vticr jar cont aincd

-iVva ] C nt OL

.. L re
WW rth t e Ld LC t

tment

ad

for Fort

that urace bine

+

analized,

7 bs

Of dgeel1-norral ammonia, Wiz
I now aralized

tTrae2

C.

Lo Lon

of leayi

rile

QO a

, a
yeeloh.t hours instead

~

O-

aInon12].

oy s
- eer

five grains

celi jar with a watch gias

Wa: placed in awa

“yy? le 4 4.
‘ ae Vi Qs ] eC: U uncer Gire
plaster was analized, ani

4.5 e.c. Of the armmonla

yo

of NiG. IT then placed

>)

OF

m_
a ae

_
~

£

rlve grans

4

_ Ot OUYy

eontal

bbe ae
a)

-t oH e@.e

ft

forty-eligh

tlie

.e pla
O: the

QJ C.Ce

o> H20O was

ac la

TI repéated the apove ex

VPs cyt - i?
Ua rk l. u, J

had 168.4.

ster and found no

unmicra

}
ou
ee
c
C
a)

t

MafsliQ. Vhe plaster

cit

yourei over L

to ohoirs, When the

to contain the eyuivalent ol

solution.

Ay tiaus

I

t ime
placed

"LOM LY,

cOlieve elocer

tive vrais of ary

‘
wre
¢ , toy
or
until the beginning o; t

,

Small jar was 2oune to

Jarv? jar oniy «1.

Water instead

yrs tee
aaly ve

Jert o1 0.6. @. @. O28
Ol Weaver iS5e@7L W2As Sarre 2

In

sulphurie aeid in crysta

stale wilere

(b7
Weoepe plaes. Serr

Water.

~

Ce. C. OO:

uncer the stable iloor

~~

with the roilowing resul

}

r . 4 XY
UC POntain ~-a ec

aren Oona. y

Bree ~ +
ee SUmTie, -v

yw, Pie nlaster under the

apu-Onla, and that under

it was

jars Wita the awnonia hydrate.
ec gars for Torty-cisi.t hors, when it

siall jar contained an cquiva-

JQ Will notiree that the amarnt

vith 6 e.c.

vhere for rorty-elrnt hours

Sk Tor 70Optyecar' t hours to ary out. The
nil 1 OU Ma Ct Lva.! Cc nt t O e 6) Cc ° C ® O7 t ent

oti.er words

5 .-
rogers OF
Lire oe \. +) -

dish were placed lo ec.
H2SO0% were placed

£or tf

t

yw} ay
ye 0 - Cae

the plaste

“~~ - 3 +5 . a
erp tac jJert

plaster, and

i
- * woe + - ~ 4}
117 Fins PESbaee SS CMa CP Glee QOP O92 Vie
~ an: + — " . .
auonia were very, strony. In one als:

b+

C.

} 7 = ' wr a4
in still anotier dish. These were leit
4 - . von ’
our days, wien thoy were analizca

a .
O-
.CasO! contained ammonia evuivalcnt to 25.8 @e.e. oOo: the standard

-asmonla ly.rate.

containe:l amconia criivalent to 1uU0.4 e. ¢..

—
-
'@)
U;
+t
ot
ry
r .
©
©
©
ro
Cu

The H20 contained as.onla cyilivalent to 19.8 ¢@. e@.

S$
r ‘ . 1, , 7 rw on a ca ury . a qV, sry $$ Ws . 5
The disheg® allowed less sirtaet exposure for the imaterials than

-d
rn
~
r3
c+
d
7
oF
aA

eos,
ail nod

CH

Q
r3
op
r

CD
on)
Ps

a
re
r-4

tie equivalent or 1.5 e. ec. or t..c stanaard aunonia hycrate, we

.

while tie plaster hela the eyuivalert of G.d c.c. Phe HasOt was

~
< q
NA ©

rhe water lad evaporated so that

o
r3
C
O
cr
2S

~ 4
my
3
a)
tod
t-4
~y
-

Splileca ver

I rext connared sand wit) plaster. I wWelcshed out five

cM

_

i . .
feramns of plaster anew tive prans oi sand,

~

: 71 a ' vo 7 Y wy
ma pilacea tie. in water

“lasses. I then poured over cach five Oo; water ana placea

©
—)

°
wo

\ . . . ,- : . A - <4 \- . * +o ; 1 1 Y -
them uncer a bell jar with another wate) ‘lacs containing ammon

ia. At tleen: of twenty-four horrs the avmonia was estimeted
“when it wae toirnmd that the sand hat absoreci cnuugh to equal ll.o

‘ . : , rey , 7 Ary 4 yy roar othe 7 o.
c. ¢c. Of the standard alzali, while the amount bela oy ere pias

. ry Iya A Lo po yroant rye DAW ON rl 3,
2Y Was 2 wal 49 only i @. . Lis CXL PLIAGNe WAS fe eated, tire

©

i . LY : rant 7.53 - 14> ‘ i e + Lo oy a7 6° Lett tor tO Y LAYS

~ an é ~~ ‘ 7 ~ + _
ad Sees io © L ner We v oI a kok Te L die w ai I Chg ak
~ 7 - «* 7 1 oy we ct 4 4 .asN ~+ cy 4 i ” 4 cr
he proportion was vounil to be reversea, the plaster having
ad
divalent or 7.4 while the sani hack but 4.6 C.c. O07
thie Ei] valent Ox “rt C. C. ) vas bite da oO CALE Clra
> YW

| the deci-normal NIFHO. In another experin mnt the aisiheés were

at

. . os sy: a $+, ' a" re ms + + ‘ ‘
| tiree cays, When the plaster had avsoroeu bie Cyulvalent Of 0.9

'@.e. Of tie armonia to]. 1-5 e.c. for the sand.

agate
 

I now compared plaster with muck. J put five grams of
muck ani Give grams of plaster in watch piasses, and placed them
uncer the samé bell jar with cisnonia. At the enn of three days

’

the ammonia was estimated when the plaster contained the Cyulva-

ct
©
he

lent or 10.2 ¢. e. to 62.1 «@. c., Or the standard NH4HO, for the

muck. the experiment was pepeaved and the dishes left twenty-four

hours, when the plaster contained 7.5 ce. ec. to B4.3 c. ec. for the

mucat. The experiment was carrie: still Farther oy placing the

™

. - 2 PP. | net ona: : wwipod + an 4 . . .
mick an. tho plaster in erystelizine dishes: an- leaving them un-
i + 5 ¢ fe om! 7 a =' 1 of. vy. . ri. ‘ an . ‘ wes
eer bee stable rlooy Yor three days, when the pruportion of arm-
~ * ; ny ve - rr _ 7 = . « ” mae tf oa . \ , . Ay -, ~, ap « . wv “~~ ef
mOnla Was 6.G. tO vol. in tavor of the ruek. In a:ove experiments
7}

move watep war usel tien the ratesial world absorb. T reneate:

thc experdbioent usines prot water enmieh to thoroucthly wet the

Cu

pell jar for

plasters an. the puck. Arter remainine uncer tic
twenty-forp hours, an analvois shwei a proportion of o7 to 1.7

In favor of the miek. Phe result seemed to show tiat it was the

Water instead of tix rilaster Wlaich heii the a:monis.

erdinent On this suojcet, I placed five

. : bat, . vs oy 4 tore LL yp eT, . * +1.
NGL lwo ePystalizin; cishes. In two otter

. vet - . ~ = j ~ . o#. ae ~* 7 ~ t ~ . 7
tbohes Of samo size T placed five crams of mick. 5 c. 2. Of watar

: a - . - SRF ON 4 4 ’ wf
“WAS poure, nvo each abo Fen Pic GLSLOs Were PLaccs Lorvether
« . ~ f 7 = r % ‘i + \ va 4 “> + 4. ~~ ' VP ey
uncer the staple floor. After Joa. ingy tec. where Lop chped anys,
UNE Campic OL the muck an’ one sample oi the plaster were analiz-
123 1102 5
25700"

2

Bur s

au Cr

OAma
COmsenvanoa, ac,
ees
i

ed the following results, mek 16.7 cc. to 4.8 ce. for the

| plaster. The two remaining dishes were left in my room for two
i days to dry out, when the material in them was analyzed. The

| muck had an equivalent of 6.9 cc. of the standard ammonia to an
equivalent of .7cc. for the plaster.

: In conclusion, dry plaster seems to have little power to
absorb ard fix ammonia. The fact that dampened plaster ab-

_ sorbed ammonia, but lost most of it on drying out, led me to

: think that this power of absorption depended more upon the

_ water than upon the plaster.
ICHIGAN STATE LIBRARIES

0 WATT

3 1293 02220 1887

 
 
 

MICHIGAN STATE LIBRARIES
| | MN ANT | | HH
| |
WAH | | A

3 1293 02220 1887

       
 

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= . j +
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ee — oo
HIGAN STATE Li

MIC BRARIES
| | Hi Wh | |
H\| WA AN |
} | |
| | | | |
| | EM |

3 1293 02220 1887

 
 

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