THESIS LIBRARY Michigan State University | PLACE IN RETURN BOX to remove this checkout from your record. TO AVOID FINES return on or before date due. MAY BE RECALLED with earlier due date if requested. DATE DUE DATE DUE DATE DUE 5/08 K:/Proj/Acc&Pres/CIRC/DateDue. indd ‘a THESIS RELATION OF INSECTS TO THE POLLINATION OF PEARS AND APPLES. oe By Albert G. Craig and Dillman S. Bullock Class of 1902, Michigan Agricultural Collere, THESIS 94939 CONTENT S. Introduction Table I: Kinds and dates of insects collected on pears in 1901 Table II: Summary of Table I Table III: Kinds and dates of insects collected on apples in 1901 Table IV: Summary of Table III Table V: Tables II and IV combined showing in parallel columns the families of insects Table VI: A classification of the insects on the two fruits in 1901 according to character of work done in pollination Table VII: Dates and families of insects collected together with weather reports in 1901 Conclusions to Table VII Introduction to work of 1902 Table VIII: Kinds and dates of insects collected on pears in 1902 Table IX: Sum*ary of Table VIII Table X: Kinds and dates of insects collected on apples in 1902 Table XI:Summary of Table X Table XII: Tables IX and XI combined showing in parallel columns the families of insects that worked on the two fruits in 1902 Page 11 13 23 26 29 52 43 44 45 56 o9 70 Table XII: A classification of the insects on the two fruits in 1902 according to character of work done in pollination Table XIV: Dates and families of insects collected torether with weather reports for 1902 Conclusions to Table XIV Table XV: Numbers and families of insects collected on pears in 1901 and 1902 Table XVI: Numbers and families of insects collected on apples in 1901 and 1902 Gen®ral conclusions General observations Bibliograpny 77 89 90 92 94 94 95 Relation of Insects to the Pollination of Pears and Apples. Introduction. It has long been known that many varieties of pears and apples are selfesterile while many other varieties do much better when cross-fertilized; as is shown by the work of M. B. Waite of the U. S. Dep't of Agriculture and F. A. Waugh of the Vermont Experiment Station. Cross-pollination may take place in nature in any one of three ways namely:- by birds, by wind, and by insects. The work done by birds would be purely accidental and so insignificant. Since the pollen of pears and apples is sticky and heavy the wind can accomplish very little if anything. The great work of pollination then falls to the insects and it was with these facts in mind that this work on "The Relation of Insects to the Pollination of Pears and Apples" was taken up. In carrying on this thesis the following divisions of the work have been considered and kept in mind throughout, lL. Number and names of insects found on pear and apple trees during the period of blooming. 2. Do the same insects work on the two fruits? 5. What proportion of the insects visit the flowers systematically. 4. The effect of weather upon the different insects with reference to their working. 5. When our large orchards are in full bloom are there enough insects to go around. We began collecting insects the first day that any pears were in blossom and the work was continued every day until the apples were out of bloom. While we did not collect all or any where near all the insects seen never the less the number of insects coilected on the different days is we believe approximately proportional to the number working on the respective days. The observations on the weather are taken from the official records kept by the Chemical Department of the College. While these are very valuable there are many things connected with them which are inaccurate and hinder us in drawing conclusions, as: for example on May 25 we do not know whether the .76 inches Of rain came during the day or the night previous, So here is an error which can not be avoided, We are indebted to Professor U. P. Hedrick for the general plan of the work, and many valuable suggestions. Also we wish to express our thanks to R. H. Pettit for assistance in identifying many of the specimens. wa5-— Table I. Kinds and dates ofr insects collected on pears in 1901. ¢ Hemiptera: Capsidae:- May 6-------------------= ~ © %e---~--------------= 1 Wo 8 ----------- -------- 2 WO Qe------------- = + 1 " 10-------------------- 4 " l.-.----------------- 3 " 14..------------------ 6 " 15+------------------- 3 " 17-------------------- 2 Total----------- 24 Corimelaenidae:- May 7-------------------- 5 W 8-------------------- 9 " 10-------------------- 5 © ]]------------------- 13 " 13-------------------- 1 " 14------------------- -3 " 15-------------------- 5 " 16-------------------- 1 Total---------- 40 Grand Totale-------- 64 awhawan Diptera:e= Tipulidae:- May 15------------------- 1 Total---------- 1 Culicidae: May 10------------------- 1 Totale--------- 1 Chironomidae: May 13------------------- 2 Total---------- 2 Bibionidae: May 13------------------- 1 WwW 4------- ~~ eee 1 " 15------------------- 3 Total---------- 5 Stratiomyiidae: May TJe------------------ 1 " 10---------- eee e+e 5 w ll------------------- 2 " 1390------------------ 4 © 14.------------------- 5 " 15<------------------ 9 " 16------------------- 1 Total--------- 27 Empididae: May 10-~------------------ 7 ew jj------------------- 2 a5 May 15------ wee ---++ a 8 " Yaw ww ee we HY Je eee «2 -e]7 ® 16 me wes 0 we eee ecw Total-~~----~~-~-57 Syrphidae: May Qa<- --<- +--+ --~+++++~} w §10----- + +--+ +44 += wen] Total----- ----~-=-2 Conopidaes: May 6m woes 2 ees 2 = - $8 " Bawwe-----~~~~ e+ ++ = 1 ew 15---~------~--- wee 3 Total--------- --9 é Muscidae: Tachininae: May 3---------e---------1 Sarcophaginae: May 15----~-~---- saestse veered Total------~=- ---l Dexiinae: May lOQ=~~----~------------= a W 13--------------- ----1 " L4-—-. otm "=e ~-— 72 ew we Sw BO -SE +S 2 lw -3 Total----~--~---5 - - ~ . - : - - » . - + - cy . -- ~aS-< Anthomylinae: May G---- +++ snes enn ee 2 " 10----- ee ---4 Wo Lle-- +8 + -----------] e 13----- sete cee eee 5 " 14---~------------ ----3 Ww 15-----------+---- + --2 " Total------- ~--17 Acalyptrate Muscidae: May Te------~----+--------k " 10------------ teaaee- 1 ® [3-21-21 eee] Total ---------- <5 Total-----~------- --50 Grand Total------------- 136 Coleoptera:- Pselaphidae: - May 6--~-+----~---------> 15 " J------ wet asesse -+-2 " J1-------------------- 4 N 14--~.--------------- 3 } Total---------- Ze Coccinellidae:- Megilla maculata:- May 6------------------- 1 aww wn 7 2s t May 10--..----------------5 " Llil--—..~~ —~ wee ~w-9 wo -~e—wT we ~~ “TS - eo 2 ® 14---~--~-~~---~-~~..-- 9 " 15-..-~..--- wm eee eee 7 W 6--~~--~~----~. +++ 1 Total----~--~-~~- 28 Hippodamia parenthsis: May 16-----.---+~~+-~--~~~~--] Total---------- L Coccinella 9-notata,. Mav 4 an op -4 -5 -@ -8 -—w -e ~— “8-8 “~~. 8 -8@ -~ ~S -O8 -e -@ 1 eo " Gen. ~~~ 2+ ee ene 1 " Tn a 2 en ee 1 wf 10- = -e ~~ -~ ~~ “8-8 -e ~~ we we es ee ee we wm 75--~~------ wee ee ees 1 " gf l6O=--~-~~ © -e -e -@ -e -3s WO 8 8 ew ow Total--------- 6 ‘ Total~---~-------- 55 Dermestidae: e Anthrenus scrophulariae: Mav Aen ~~ ~~ ~ sw 8 we mw] oY " 6 -=-- ---.~ = —« ~s -« -e -~ —~ -s ~ ee we) " ] = —- -e -8 -—8 -~ -« ~~ @ 0 2 we we we wh La] BB wn we -e me -w -0 0 <0 we 2 a ew 0-2 -~2 em J4-....+-.--- wee ene 1 "© J6--~....-....-+----- 2 -~-8.-- Lampvridaes May 1lO<---~------++------~--1 Total---~-~----- 1 Scarabaeidae: Aphodius inquinatus: May 10--~~-~--~~--~~--~--- 1 Total----- --++~~] Hoplia: May 15--~----~--~+- --------1 Total---~-~-~-~ w-=~] Total---~---------~-- 2 Cerambycidae: May 17---~-~--~----~~~----- 1 Total--~--~~--- l Chry somelidae: Lina lapponica: May 4---+---+~+--~+-+-+-+----- 2 Total--~~-~~--~-- 2 Diabrotica: May 7--~-+~+++-~~+---~------ 1 " a 1 © 14--.-.~~~............-- 1 Total-----~-~---- 3 Unidentified: May 11------~-~-------- +---] R 15-.~.-.---..--~-----] =: Total---------=2 , Total---.- -----------7 Bruchidae (?):- May 8------- eee eee ee 2 Total---------- 2 Grand Totale---~----- 81 Hymenoptera: «= Braconidae:= May 4----~------~--------=] Total<-~-------- 1 Vespidae:@= Vespa May 15--~----~~----+------ 1 Total---------- 1 Polistes May 4<----------.-------- 2 WO 6 een n+ eee +--+ ----- 1 RW 15----- -------------- 1 Total--~--~------ 4 . Totale-~- ------------ 5 Andrenidae:-= May Se----------------- 17 Wo 4-------~--------.- 13 R 6a----------------- 20 MO Jan een en eee nnn ee 40 ew «§------------------- 4 WO Qewe-------------+- 1 " LQOw-~-- ~~ - +42 - 2 2 2D] =~-]0-— May ll------------------ ~2 ® 13-------------------- 1 Wm 6 14----- -------------- 2 W 15------------------- 40 " 16------------------- 3 Total ------~~--- 164 Apidae:~ Bomhus virginicus:- May 8------ att ees -2 Apis mellifica: FOE eee ° May S---------------- «--l " Bene ee ce es 2D " Bw. 2 ee eee ee 3 " [en ee ~~ 2 W 8 §.-----.------------ P) " 10-----~------~--~~-.--- 6 "© 13------------------- 1 M# = 15-----------+-~~------ 1 Total-------~-- 18 Unidentified: May 6--~-------~--- --1 W 13--- ---------------- 1 " 20--- -------~ ses aaee- 1 8 220-7 -----+------- 732 W 27------------------- 2 Total---~--~-----~- 7 Conopidae: May 15-------------------1 Total--~-~----- 1 Muscidae: Tachininae: May 13-------- wet ects seen 1 ® 14--~-~-------------- 1 W 15--~----~-----+-+------ 2 "© 16----~-------~---+--~-- 1 © 17---------- steerer 1 Ww 20----~-~ -------~----- 2 - - -—_ m - - ~_ «+ . - « +e - . - + -- © . - ee . s - : . _— Pe : ates - : . ‘ : » - . -- 6 : oe en —_ ~ 7” - - . ° ae « aa e e - «© - = - - - . . - 18 - - 7 - . - - - - . ==: — Ge - we - ° . : ° . . ~- - _— e - - . . —_ . ® 2 e : e - - - + - &e e er - : - . : ss ‘ te : 2¢ ° - . - - . - : > ste : +¢ ~ - ° - * - . - =e . 3 Sarcophaginae: May 14----.---------=-----1 Total--~~------ 1 Dexiinae: May 14------------------- 1 "© 15------------------- 1 " 20----------------+--- 2 Total---------- 4 Anthomyiinae: May 10-------------~ ws---2 e J]---------------~-~-- 3 " 13---+---~------------ 1 ne 4 W 15--~.---------------- 2 © 16------------------- 1 © #17-------=-~----------- 1 " 18------- ------------ 1 " 20--------- sates er-- 1 W 22----- na ne - = -2 " 93-~---------+-~------ 4 Total---~------ 22 é Acalyptrate Mucidae: May 14--------~--- ww +s 1 " 6 22----- eo enn + -e 1 © Q2Je-~ ------+---~-----~-- 1 Chaetopiisaenea May 23-----------~------- 1 Total----------- 4 -<13-- Total--------------- 39 Grand Total--~----- 157 Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Megilla maculata: May L0---<-~-----~----=---- 1 " 13------ tan ee eee na i W 14-----.---...- a2 ---- 8 ® 16--...------------- -1 WL 7------- +--+ ® 20------------------- 2 Total---~~------ 17 Hippodamia parenthsis: May 16#------------------ L " 18----~---+-+~-=-~+----- 1 Total---------- 2 Coccinella 9 = notatas May 10---.-- --------------- 5 me 14------------------- 1 # 154--~-... ee 4 " 16---- --------------- 2 N 17--~---------------- : " 18---~--------------- 3 " 20----~--------------- 1 "0 22--------~----------- 2 . — e~ we 7 - aes --19-~- é Adalia frigida: May 17--~----------- w2---- 1 "© 23-------------------1 Total----. ones 2 Anatis 15= punctata: May 10---------=-~------~---- 1 ® 14--.----------- ----- 1 MW 15-----------.------- 2 © 1%-------------------1 " 23n----- ----+-------- 1 Total oaw------ -6 Ghilcornus bivulnerus: May L4qe~-~ ----~----<---~-=- 1 Total---------- 1 TOotal------------ -- 45 Cleridae: May 23------------------- 1 Total------~~---- i Scarabaeidae: Euphoria inda--- May 10--~----~-~---- wen ee 1 Total---~-~--~-- ~l] , Grand Total--~------ ~-47 Hymenoptera: Pormicidae: May 10--- ------------.--~- 2 w" Jj]e-------+~.--..-.-4-.- 1 - - - - . . . °4 -— = 2 - on e- - - = -—_— o . - -_- » . . - - - td -- = -- -- — =- — . - me - —- — . _ — —_ ~a20-~ May 15-= ween eee «seme ee ® 16----------- o----e-~ 2 W 27 ------+------------- 1 } Total---------- 8 Vespidae: . Polistes: May L7----- -------------- 1 © 18--.- -------------- -1 Total---~------ 2 Andrenidae: Agapostermon: May 1L5<----- ---------+---- 1 ® 16------------------- 2 " 17------------------- 1 " 18--.---------------- 5 0 Qben- ---- - 22 ---- 2 ---- 2 Total---------- 1l Nomeda belfrasei:? May 10--~----~-~~~~-------- 1 "© 16-------------------= 1 " 25--------- see eet ee 1 Total---------~- 3 Unidentified: May Tenw--~-2~ 27+ ------- 8 WO Qe nn 3-2 - -2---------- 1 W 10---~-~-------------- 18 W 1ll------~---~---------- 9 --2]-= May 14------------------- 3 mw 15------~----------- 56 " 16-----~------------ 34 8 17------------------ 39 © 18--------.----~.--- 20 W 20--- ------- -------+- 8 W 22-2222. - 2-2-5222 oe 23 " 23------------------ 29 " 27------------------- 6 Total---~~--~-- 258 Total--------------- Apidae: Bombus virginicus: May 7--~--~--~-- amt eseen- 1 " J 1--.-- sone se eee ene 1 " 13-------~----- wnen--- 2 W 14-.-.--------------- 1 ® 15--.---------------- 2 ® 16--.---.-----~------ 1 ® 17-------- 0 ate 222 2 ® 1§--.---.------------ 1 " 20------------------- 1 ® 22-~.---------------- 1 N 2Q3e-~---------------- 2 - e e *- . ma = 7 . —m - . . . » -- - ~ -- - . - . . : o- . : ~ = - - - - - - - . - - -~— = ~ - - ~ «~ , . . . - - - ‘ » . , - . - e- +. - . : : ~ . e - . - -~ . - : : - _— - . o - — . - ~~ wee as -- - . > e . . . - - = . - - - - - - - ° _ he ete . . a: ewe me me - +e - oe ewe = - - - - . - » 4 - - , a ~ _ : - - . - -~_ . . aa2Qnm Bombus separatus:= May T---~---------------- 1 # 15-----------..------- 2 ® 16<------------~------- 1 W 17-------------------- 1 " 18--------------- -- ~--] © 2200-22 22 ee +e 1 Total enece----- 7 Bombus pennsylvanicus: May T7-----~-- a en ne 2 we = = 1 " 10<------------- ws +---- 1 " 15-..------------------ 2 " 22-------------------- 1 ® 23_.------------------ 1 Total---~------- 6 Bombus feridus: May 16------------------- 1 ® 22--------------~---- 1 # 2Q3------------------- 1 Total---------- 3 Total---------- $1 Apis mellifica: May ll--------~~---------- 2 ® 13------------- ++---- 1 " ]4---------- ~------- 6 W 15------------------- 8 = ne DF ome May 7 wee ee nw we 8 w 18---.---------------- 3 © 20----------------.-- 8 © 22-.----------------- 4 © 23------------------- 1 8 27---------- se-e----- 2 Total---------- 48 Grand Total--------- 79 Table IV. Summary of Table III. Hemiptera Diptera Acanthiidae--------- 1 Capsidae----~----~~--- 10 Pentatomidae-------- 1 Corimelaenidae----- +1 Aphididae------.---- 2 Tricoptera- ------- ------- 1 Tipulidae----------- 2 Culicidaej-~-------~-- 2 Chironomidae-------- 2 My cetophilidae-- ---- 4 Bibionidae--------- 11 Simuliidae---------- 1 Stratiomyiidae----- 40 Empididae-~--~---~---..-- 48 25 4% 1 157 27% —_ * — -_— -_ —_ ~<-24—0 Sy rphidae----------- 7 Conopidae----------- 1 Muscidae-------~----39 Coleoptera------------- ---- ------- 47 sy 4 Coccinellidae-- ---- 45 Cleridae------ ------ 1 Searabaeidae-~ --- ----1 Hymenoptera------------- ---------- 361 61% Formicidae-- -------- 8 Vespidae------- ----- 2 Andrenidae-- ------ 272 Apidae ------------=- 79 This summary shows a total of 592 specimens collect= ed on apples represent twenty-five families. But of these we see that only nine families are represented by as many as ten specimens each and these nine families contain ninety-five percent (95%) of the insects collect- ed, (Same as on pears). Ninety percent (90%) of the insects belong to the six families, Stratiomyiidae, Empididae, Muscidae, Coccinellidae, Andrenidae, and Apidae; while forty-six percent (46%) belong to the Andrenidae and thirteen percent (13%) to the Apidae. Four percent (4%) belong to the Hemiptera, twenty-seven percent (27%) to the Diptera, eight percent (8%) to the Coleoptera and sixty-one percent (61%) to the Hymenoptera. In conclusion then it may be said that by far the wn 25 au greater proportion of insects which work on apples belong to the Diptera and Hymenoptera and the majority of all such insects belong to the Hymenoptera. --26-- Tables II and IV combined showing in parallel columns the families of insects that worked on the two fruits in 1901, No. ' No. Pears of specimens’ Apples of specimens Hemiptera 64 Hemiptera 25 Acanthiidae 1 Capsidae 24 Capsidae 10 Pentitomidae 1 Corimelaenidae 40 Corinelaenidae 11 Aphididae 1 _Tricoptera 1 Diptera 135 Diptera 157 Tipulidae 1 Tipulidae 2 Culicidae 1 Culicidae 2 Chironomidae a Chironomi dae 2 | Mycetophilidae 4 Bibionidae 5 Bibionidae 11 Simuliidae 1 Stratiomyiidae 27 ' Stratiomyiidee 40 Empididae 57 Empididae 48 Sy rphidae 2 Sy rphidae 7 Conopidae 9 ' Conopidae 1 Muscidae 50 : Muscidae 39 Coleoptera 81 ‘ Coleoptera 47 Pselaphidae 22 Coccinelliidae 55 ' Coccinellidae 45 Dermistidae 8 Lampyridae 1 | No. No, Pears of specimens’ Apples of specimens ‘ Cleridae 1 Searabaeldée 2 : Scarabaeidae 1 Cerambycidae 1 Chry somelidae 7 ' Bruchidae 2 Hymenoptera 191 ‘Hymenoptera 561 Braconidae 1 ' : Formicidae 8 Vespidae 5 ' Vespidae 2 Andrenidae 164 Andrenidae 272 Apidae 21 : Apidae 79 We found nearly the same number Of families on both pears and apples, but some families work on pears and not on apples and vice verse. Two families of Diptera were collected on pears and three more on apples, but they are of little import- ance since a total of only four specimens were found. One specimen of Tricoptera was collected on apples and none of pears, Nine families of Diptera were collected on pears, ail of which were found on apples. Eleven families were collected on apples, two of each were not found on pears, but they are of little importance as a total of only five specimens were collected, Eight families of Coleoptera were collected on pears, of Only two of which were found on apples. Three families of Coleoptera were collected on apples, one of which represented by one specimen was found on apples only. Four families of Hymenoptera were collected on pears and three of them were found on apples. One family represented by one specimen was found On pears, but not on apples. One family represented by eight specimens was collected on apples and not found on pears, By a further comparison of these summaries we find that the percent of Hemiptera found On pears is three and one-half times that of the same insects found on apples. The proportion of Diptera is approximately the same On the two kinds of fruit. The proportion of Coleoptera is twice as great On pears as on apples. But with regard to the Hymenoptera the proportion is much greater On apples than On pears. Table VI. A classification of the insects on the two fruits in 1901 according to character of work done in pollination. A. Insects that carry pollen only accidentally. I. Those that get on the flowers only accidentally. Pears Apples Hemiptera Acanthiidae Pentatomidae Aphididae H~y wm F Tricoptera Diptera Tipulidae 1 Culicidae 1 Mycetophilidae Ke Ff WD W Simulidae Coleoptera Coccinellidae 355 45 Lampy ridae 1 Cleridae 1 Scarabaeidae Chry somé Lidae 2 Cerambycidae 1 ” Bruchidae 1 Hymentoptera Braconidae 1 L (49) 9% (70) 1&% ~aZQ-- II, Those that visit the flowers systematically but carry pollen only accidentally. Hemiptera | Pears Apples Capsidae 24 10 Corimelaenidae 40 11 Diptera Chironomidae a 2 Bibionidae 5 11 Stratiomyliidae 27 40 Empididae 57 48 Sy rphidae 2 7 Conopidae 9 1 Muscidae 30 39 Coleoptera Pselaphidae 22 Derme stidae 8 Hymenoptera Pormicidae 8 Vespidae _5 2 225 51% 171 28% hy ge 7? aJ be a oe ‘ 06 ae > t wt ca » re * ah) whe 8 ot we 2 +h @ - T ei a a Y “Ty 'No.'’Te et iP <-> P< a> Fahily —_ Order ? rc May 7 ‘Hymenoptera!’ Date r- 153 1 161 '28 '58.6°' 0 '48 ° *Andrenidae "Apidae -oe BF @ & May 8 ! tli: t ? * Dt t ‘jes t ? ‘oe ' 6! ? 1°? ? t , 2 ? ? ’ 2 8 et 4: e 4: ‘Chrysomelidaet 1 ! *'corimelaenidaeé 9 ! *Coccinellidae! *Dermestidae t Andrenidae 'Capsidae g *Conopidae g *Muscidae ‘Bruchidae ‘Apidae Coleoptera ! ‘Hymenoptera? "Hemiptera *Diptera 5 *58,6°! 0 *.24 1K, e R g 9 ? 2? 'Corimelaenidae 1 ! *Capsidae 'Sy rphidae 'Hemiptera ’Diptera oe —=35—0 ain ' r rT TSune ° t ‘ 0 , : 'No.? _? ’ ’ Date r rder _ ——Family _ No Lemp shine Rain Wind May 9 Hymenoptera ' ‘2 ' t ' e e t e ? ? t , ‘Andrenidae * 2! ' ' ' e e e 9 ? e ? ’ May 10° ' 1105'61® '75%4 ' 0 'S,E, ‘Hemiptera ! "12! ’ ' t ' 'Capsidae ‘6! ' ' ' e ? 9 ? g g g ' "Pentatomidae ' 1 ' ' ‘ ' ? e g e g ? t . *Corimelaenidaé 5 ' ' ' ' e e ? t ? g ’ ‘Diptera ‘ ‘Sl ' ' ' ' ? g ? e ? e { ' ‘Tipulidae ‘1! ' ' ' ? e ? ? 9 ? ? ' 'Culicidae ‘1! ' ' ' t ° ? ® ? ’ ? ' 'Bibionidae '1! ' ' ' g 9 g 9 e ? t ' *Stratiomyiidas 7 ! t t ! v g q 9 8 g g ' *Kmpididae ‘11! ' t ' e e . ' 2 t ? t , 'Syphidae oe ' ' ' ? g ? g g ? g ' *Muscidae ' 9g? ' ? t g ? ? e ? ? ? ‘Coleoptera °* 13 ’ ' t ? g 9 9 ? ? t ' 'Coccinellidae'lli ! ' ' t 9 9 g ? t g g ' "Scarabaeidae ' 2 ! t ' t 9 e t g q e t ‘Hymenoptera!’ 949 1 t ' ’ ? q ? e ? t t ¢ "Pormicidae ' 2! ' ' ' 9 e g ? g e e ‘ tAndrenidae *40 3 t ' : ? ? g g g t g ' t Apidae '7 1 ? t t ? g t e 8 ? ? 8 ? t ? 0 q 8 May 11: ' 149 '53,6°'80% '.16 ' W. ‘Hemiptera ' "17 ' ' t ? ? e ? q t t t 'Capsidae ' 4) t ' ' ? 8 ? ? t t s ' 'Corimelaenidaels : t ! ' 9 ? ? g t ? v -=36<< TT rr a Y “V¥Sun- rT T t ¢ Ord ' i 'No,'T o* ¢ 'W Date - rder - Family No. Temp pehine Rain Wind May 11'Diptera t 10 t ' t t a ? e e e ? ? ' 'Tipulidae \1: t t ' g e e g ? t t ' 'Stratiomyiidae 2° ' t ' g e e g a e t ' *knpididae e $3 ’ t e ? g g 8 ? t g ' ‘Muscidae ‘4: ' ' ' e g e e g 8 t ‘Coleoptera ! ‘7: t t t ? g t t t e g ' 'Pselaphidae '! 4! ' t ' ? g t t ? e ? ' 'Coccinellidaet 2! t ’ ! g e 8 ? ? ? ? ' 'Chrysomelidaet 1 : ' t t t g e 8 9 a 9 *Hymenopterat 15 ’ ’ t e ? e g ? g t ' *Pormicidae \‘ Jj! ¢ ' ' ? g g 8 g g g ’ * Andrenidae i ' ' ' g . g | g ? t t tApidae ' Ze ’ ' ' 8 e 8 g g ? ? 8 9 8 g g ? t ? ? ? ? q t g May 12: ' © 140,69960% 1.14: W 8 ? f t g g 8 8 ? g e g t t t ? ? t e g t May 13: ' 149 947° 980% 1 0 ' W. e e a a e e g tHemiptera 913 8 ’ ' ’ t g t 9 g ? g ¢ *Corimelaeidae:135 : t ' ' e g 8 e 8 ? g «Diptera ¢ 128 1 ' ! ' *? g 8 8 2 g ? t *Culicidae ‘is t ' ' e 9 e e ? g ? t ‘Chironomidae * 2 : ' ' t ? 8 e 9 e ? e re *Bibionidae ele t ' ’ ® e 8 8 f g g ¢ 'Stratiomyiidae 5 : t t ! ? e 8 9 9 ? t ’ tEmpididae 1 9s t ' t a3 7 on ) Coleoptera * #25 'Pselaphidae * 3 ? t ‘Coccinellidaet 20 e g *Dermestidae ' 1 'Chrysomelidae! 1 ’ ? T Ty a es Toune ~T Date ° Order ‘' Family "No. Temp. 'shine'Rain' Wind vo v vo v v v v May 15' *Syrphidae a ' ' ' 0 ’ t ? e t ? ' "Muscidae ‘9! ' ' ' 8 g g e ? ' a ‘Hymenoptera!’ ‘7! ' ' ' 8 e e ? ? t ? , ‘Andrenidae ‘3s! ' ' ' ? 9 9 8 9 g t t "Apidae ' 4: ' ’ ' e ? t ? 9 8 t q S ? ? e ? ? ? 8 8 8 e ? f May 14! ' 192 46,.3°995% *' 0 'N.W.3 e t t e 8 t t ‘Hemiptera ' ‘11 ° ' t e t e g t 9 *Capsidae ‘8 ' ' ? e ? ? g ‘Corimelaenidaé 5 ! t ' ? e g ? q Diptera ' "43 3 ' ! e t t 8 q 'Bibionidae '1 ! ' ' 8 t ? 9 ? 'Stratiomyiidae 5 ! t ' e t t ? 9 'Empididae '24 ! t a | ? e 0 q ‘Muscidae "13 t ' 8 8 9 t ? 9 q g 8 t e 8 t 9 9 ? ? 9 ? ’ ? t ? t g g g g ? 8 8 ? 8 t ? e q 9 ? q q e e t 8 t t ? 9 g 9 g t g t f ? g g 2 8s 2 232 82S @Sswaws @B @ Bee Fes ss ws w@Sseetee BD Se wee wo @SeeeFss* 8&@ 2s s&s 2 2 @3db8bpenobps8e 8@Be 8&8 DS Bees @S Bean S&F Ss DBS ws SFT SB DBeeoewewests#s2#stst 8 82 8 830 8 23 @ Hymenoptera’ 112 e ? tAndrenidae 1 5 8 t ‘Apidae ' 7 t g g e ? ? ? e t t oe - o- ww ° ea = ae = or ° ~- ~ o~ - - ~ ~ - » ~-38-- “tT See ov ~~ ¥Sun- v v Date * Order ' Family _‘'No.'Temp.'shine'Rain'Wind v v vo v v v v, May 15' ' '196'53.6°'100%7 ' 0 'S.W.3 9 t % e t ? ? "Hemiptera ' * 10° ' ' ' e 0 t e e t ? , *Capsidae ‘ 4' ' ' ' t 8 9 t 8 9 q , ‘Corimelaenidaé 6° ' ' ' 9 ? q t ? ? ? "Diptera ' ' 54° ' ' ' g 9 e 9 , ? ? ' 'Bibionidae °' 5! ' ? g e ? ? 8 ? , "Stratiomyiidaé 12! ' ' ' 9 e 8 e 8 ? ' "Empididae * 22' ' ' ' 9 9 t ? ? ? ? ' *Conopidae ' 4! ' ' ' 9 8 ? g ? ? ? ’ "Muscidae ' i11' ' ' ' 9 9 g t ? ? ? "Coleoptera ' * 16! ' ' ' ? ’ e ? ? t ? ' "Coccinellidae’ 14' ' ' ' 9 g 8 g 9 ? t , ‘Lampyridae '° i1' ' ' ' a 9 9 ? 8 ? ? ' ‘Scarabaeidae ‘ 1' ' ' ' q 9 t 8 g ? t "Hymenoptera' "116° ' ' ' 9 e e 8 ? ? t ' "Formicidae ' 2° ' ‘ ' ? g ? t e 8 ? ' "Vespidae ‘ 2' ' ' 9 e e 0 ? ? t , ‘Andrenidae ' 97! ' ' ' 9 8 9 e g 9 ? ' ‘Apidae * 15! ' ' ' e ? 9 q 2 9 g 8 ? t ’ q ? 9 9 ? t t ? t May 16° ' * 90762 '90% ' 0 'S,4 e e e 8 8 a q "Hemiptera ' ‘ 6° ' ' ' ? 9 t g t e e ’ 'Capsidae ‘ 3 ' ' ' $ t ? ? ? ’ 9 ' "Corimelaenidaé 3! ' ' ' e t t ? g t 9 'Tricoptera ' ‘it ' ' ' ee od -eooUlcPrlClOlUMD CUD Ha 3Z Qn y “y Tv Vv Foun * TT Date ° Order! Family ‘No. *Temp. 'shine'Rain'Wind v Fv Tv vv g of a May 16*Diptera * 26° ' ' ' fo e ’ ? 9 e ? ' 'Bibionidae ‘ 3! ‘ ' é 9 g g % 8 8 ? ' "Stratiomyiidaé 11! ' ' ' ' t t g ? g ? ‘ 'Empididae * 10! ' , ' e g ? 9 g 9 t ' "Muscidae ' ef ' ' ' t e: t e % 9 ? ‘Coleoptera * ' 7 ' ¢ ' q 8 8 9 9 t t ' "Coccinellidae’® 7! : ' ‘ ? 8 e t q 8 8 'Hymenoptera'’ * 50° ’ , e e g q e ? e c ' 'Formicidae ' 2! ' ' ' ! 8 ¢ 8 e 9 8 ' 'Andrenidae * 40! t t t e e e 8 e e t ? "Apidae e 8? e ? t S t e ? g g e ? f t 9 e g 8 # 8 g 8 9 8 t May 17! ' * 84965.3°' 10% 1,07 'S.W.7 9 8 ¢ e e 8 t ‘Hemiptera ! ‘ 9 ! t ' ? g 0 9 v 8 t ‘ *Capsidae ‘ 3! , ' ! 8 8 9 8 ? t 8 ' 'Corimelaenidae 6! , ' ' 8 ? ¢ 9 t t t "Diptera ' ‘15% ' t ' 8 g t 8 9 e t ‘ 'Mycetophilidae 1' ' ' ' 9 t 9 ? S ? 8 , "Stratiomyiidae 5! t ' ¢ ? e ? g ? ? v é 'Empididae ' 79 ' t ' #0 t g g 8 g g ‘ "Muscidae ' 2 ' ¢ ' e e t ? ? t ? "Coleoptera °* ‘ 8 ' ! t e 8 e 9 ? ? ? ' *Cocinellidae * 7% ' t ¢ 9 8 g ® 9 t e ' 'Cerambycidae * 1! t ' ' 9 8 g ? ? ? t 'Hymenopterat ' 5e% t t ' ? g 8 8 g g 8 on a~-AQe-- a —r TV ——"_ ¥ain- Date ‘Order ° Famil 'No. *Temp. 'shine'Rain'Wind — 7 vy pee See eee , * Vespidae ‘ 1 ' ' ’ q t g 9 ? ? 9 "Andrenidae ' 40! ' ' ' ? t e ? ? e t : * Apidae ‘11! ' ' ' 9 g ? ? t g t t 8 g a g 0 g e e ’ 8 ’ 8 e ot May 18! ' " 41'59,6°" 604° O 'N.E.4 0 0 ? 8 ? g q * Diptera ' ‘6! ' ' ' 8 t t ? ? ? ? , *Mycetophilidate 1! ' ' ' ? 8 8 ? ? ' ? , "Stratiomyiidae 2! ' ' ' 8 g t ’ 8 ’ ? , "Empididae ° 2! ' ' ' t e q 8 ? 8 t ‘ "Muscidae ‘ oi1' ' ' ' 8 t 9 9 9 9 q *Coleoptera ° , 4! ' ' ' ? 9 e 8 q g q ' *Coccinellidae’ 4° ' ' ' e 9 ? 9 ? 8 t "Hymenoptera’ ‘ 31° ' ' ' ? e g ? ? ? g ' *Vespidae ‘ 1° ' ' ‘ ? t t e t 9 8 ' ‘Andrenidae ' 25° ' e 8 q 9 9 9 0 ' "Apidae ‘5 t ' t t e e 9 8 ? g 9 8 ? ? ? t t ? e ¢ ? 9 8 g May 19° ' ' 152,69 O *,02 'N.F.6 8 9 ? 9 t q e May 20° ' ¢ 41953.6°* O ' O 'N.E.7 g 8 8 0 ? ? t ‘Hemiptera ' 1 je ' ' ' e e 9 ? 8 q ? ' 'Acanthiidae ¢«* 1! t ' ' ° ’ 8 , ’ ? ’ ‘Diptera ' * 199 ' ' t ? q e § 8 g g ' 'Culicidae 1 je t ! ' ? e ? ? ? 9 g , *Chironomidae : 1° ' ' : e 9 g 8 ? ¢ t ' 'Biblonidae ¢' il: t ' ' ? ? 9 , g q ? --4]-- ain ¥ a a ¥ ~ TSun= f T Date ‘* Order ! Family ‘'No.'*Temp. 'shine'Rain'Wind 7 7 TF T 7 TT May 20! 'Stratiomyliidad 4 ° ° , , ? 9 8 e 8 9 t ' Empididae ‘6! ‘ ' ' ' ’ ' , ’ ' ' ? "Sy rphidae 9 1 ? 8 g 9 ’ ' : ’ ’ t s ' “Muscidae ‘ 5! ' ‘ ' 9 9 ’ ’ : ’ ' ‘Coleoptera ! )'*3 ? ’ ' ’ ? t 9 8 g e e ' 'Cocétnellidae! 3S ! t ' , ¢ ’ ’ ? ? ’ ' ‘Hymenoptera: "17 3 ' ' : ’ 8 ' ® ' ’ ? t *Andrenidae ' 8 t ' t ' ' ’ ’ ’ 9 ’ ’ ' tApidae ‘9 ’ ' 2 8 s ’ , ! ' : ’ ’ ’ t ? t ’ ¢ ’ e ’ ’ : ‘7 May 21: ? ' 156.69: O 1,29 *N,F.12 ° ’ t ’ ’ ’ ' : ' ’ ’ 8 ' ’ ? ! ¢ ® ? ? ; May 22 ' 147 159,3°140% 1 0 1S,W.12 e ? g g t a g svHemiptera 1 12s ' ’ ’ 2 e ? ’ ’ ’ 8 ’ +Aphididae 9 2s ’ ’ ' ° ? ’ ' ’ ’ , Diptera ' 912 1 ' ' ’ ¢ ' e ' ’ ’ ’ ' 1‘Chironomidae +1 + s ' ' ’ ’ ? ’ ' ' ' 9 Mycetophilidae 2 : ’ t ’ ’ ’ ° ’ ’ ’ f e *Bibionidae oe ' ' ’ ? ? ’ ’ ’ ' ' ' *Stratiomyiidae 3: ’ ' ’ ’ 8 ’ ' ’ 9 8 ' sSy rphidae 12: : ¢ ' ’ 2 ' ’ ’ t ’ i) Muscidae 15 ' ' t e ’ ' ' ’ ’ ’ COleoptera , 12: ’ t t ’ ' ? ° ’ ’ ’ ’ CCcecinellidaes 2 » ' ' ' 9 ' 8 t t ’ Hymenoptera , Bly el ’ yndrenidae 1 8 ' ' ' - {*% a~-42-- . iM rT TSun= 7 ’ Date ‘* Order ‘! _ Family 'No.'Temp. 'shine'Rain'’Wind 9 t ? g e 8 ? ‘ tApidae ‘ge t ' e e ¢ | t g ? ? ? " May 23° t 66967.3°' 85% 1.76 *S.W.8 ? 8 q 8 g ? 8 "Hemiptera '* ‘1! ' ' ' e ? ? ? g ? e ' 'Corimelaenidaé 1 ! , t ! 9 ? g ? t ? g "Diptera g '26 v ? ? e t 9 ? ? ? t g ‘ 'Bibionidae ‘3? ! ' ' e ? 8 a ? g q . 'Simuliidae ‘il: t t t ? e ? e ’ g ! ' ‘Stratiomylidae 7 ! ' ! : ? 8 8 8 ? t t ’ 'Empididae *10 3 ' t ' g 8 9 % g t 8 ' ‘Muscidae 16: ' ' ' t e t ? 9 g t ‘Coleoptera ' ‘2! ' ' ' t 9 g ? t g 9 ' ‘Coccinellidae’ 1 ! ! : ' ? ? ? 8 t 9 g ' *'Cleridae ‘is? t ' ' ? e ? ? ? e ? "Hymenoptera! "S71 ’ ' ' e . e g t g t ' ‘Andrenidae '32! ' ' ' ? e ? g 8 ? 8 ' ‘Apidae ' 53 ' ' : ? q ? ? t ? ? May 24' ' 1 053,68 O + O #N.E,12 ? t 8 g ? e May 25° ' ' 50° + O + O #:N.11 , ’ 2 e 9 t e May 26' ‘ 1 047.6% OO + O #N.9 ' ? : t e t e May 27° ' 116 '55,6°t60% + O +N.10 ’ , t e t ' ’ "Diptera ' 1 71 ' ' : ’ ' | e ? ? e g . ' Stratiomyiidae 3° ' : : ' t ’ ' ' ' ' , ' Empididae ‘ie ' : : ' t t : ’ ’ ’ , ' Syrphidae ' 2: ' ' ‘ ' ¢ ? ’ ? ? ? ' * Muscidae 1 ls ' ' : ’ ' ? t ? ? t , ’ t ’ ? t g ’ ’ ' ; n= ee ~-43 m0 — i a ai PP a a aii aw vf oF ' v 'Sun= v 8 Date '° Orde ‘ Famil ‘no. 'Temp. 'shine'Rain'Wind Te = v~ eke? h “TT SES eee v = May 27*Hymenoptera'’ ‘9s t ’ ' e 0 ? 9 g g ? ‘ "Formicidae ‘1 ° ‘ ' ‘ g e ? e 9 e ? ' ‘Andrenidae ' 6! ' ' ' 9 "Apidae 2 9 ? e ¢ 8 8 ’ ? t Conclusion. Hemiptera.--As far as this order is concerned we can find no definite relation between either the sun- shine, temperature, or rainfall and the number of specimens found. Diptera.--Sunshine seems to have a greater influence On the number of specimens found than temperature, but rainfall prevents their working. Coleoptera.--The higher the temperature the more specimens found. No relation between sunshine and specimens. Hymenoptera,.--The warmer the day the more specimens found. Sunshine same as temperature, Rainfall lessens number of insects found. In general the warmer the day and the more sunshine the greater the number of insects moving. ~-44-- Introduction to work of 1902, As there is a great difference in insects from one year to another as well as in the weather, and owing to chances for error in last year's work the idea this year was to repeat for a check about the same work as was done last spring attempting however greater accuracy. The methods of work were the same as previously. More careful records were kept of the weather and one hour was spent each day collecting on each fruit, ~=45<— Table VIII. Kinds and dates of insects collected on pears in 1902, é Henipteras- Acanthildae. May 14----------------~-- 1 ) Total ---------- L Capsidae: May 3---~----------------- 1 YW §-------------------- 3 WO 6 nnn 22 ene nnn n none ne- 2 MO nnn ne ee eee eee -=2 ® §--.----------------- 2 W Q-----~-------~--~----- 2 ® 1}]-------------------- 1 © 12-----~---------------- 3 ® 16--------.----------- 1 ) Total---------- 17 Pentatomidae: Cosmopepla carni fex: May 16--~-~--------------- 1 . Total ---------- 1 Unidentified: May 3-<------~~----------- 1 . . . - oad — —_ @ e ° ° . : - - 2 -~ ’ - . . - “ ° - - - 44 . - 8 eo * . * . . - . e se ~ . - . - » o we. - . . . \ t - . . - . . . > . woe - at vee . - - . - * - we oo * ‘ . “9 - - e- 6 . « * - ° . - - . t¢ ‘ : . . . . ~- . . ‘ . - -<- . - se > -—-— . ee e ' ° - * . « e « . . - - ~=16-< May 49--------------~-=- L J 1 W 6------------------- 1 © Ba-------+-------+-- t ® 16------------------- 1 Total---------- 6 Total--------------- 7 Corimelaenidae: May 4<--------<~-~--~------ 1 ® 17---~------..------- 1 Total---------- 2 Grand Total---------~----- 27 Neuroptera: May 3------ a leieetetateateteietetetan 1 , Grand Total «-------------- 1 Tricoptera: May 6-------37 27-7 ---~---- 1 Grand Total--------------- 1 Diptera: , Chironomidae: May 60---~--<--~------~--- 2 Total---------- 2 Mycetophilidae: May 400----------------- 2 ® 8------------------- 1 W® 12---..-------------- 3 - - ~ - - - -_ = . oe . . ° — - . ~~ . ve . - . * -_- . - —. ~ es . . . _— ee . . ~ - . —- - - 2 7 - —_ . . ° ‘ e : »- * . - -_— |= « - = -- . —_ om 77 ow - ° . -_ -_ = ~ - . ” * . - -— & — o — ‘ . - - - —_ e -~ «2 « : on~ « ow mm . 2 _ o@ «@ » es 8-8 - -- — -- - ‘ ° . - + - -_ —_ - - . - -- + o_ ~ * e e : - - e- - - - - - - ee = -_ - 5 May 14-----~-- Bibionidae: May 135------ e 14------ é Tabanidae?: May 15------ é Stratiomyiidae: ~wA7 a= me ee ew ~~] Total---------- 10 meen ne 1 eee eee eee 2 Totaleo~- --~---=-3 meen ea 1 Total---------= 1 . . - . toe ee e e oe ak - _— -_ - ee a . ree . ~ — : -_ - o = - -=- @ ° - - -_- it a - -_— + —. , ° . , e * : - =e - - . . - oo e+ . .- ee -- . Lee —_— amp e- . - = - . 7 - - = - . - soe -- - . a - » * + . _— e + ew we ew . See - a — - 7 - - aero . - . - co . - v ~ . . . . _ “ & ~ - . - . - - . - - - « - - - ° . - . . ~ * ~ - * - - - - - . ’ - - ~ - - _ . ; e . * “ . . » - . . * - * on ° . - . - - - o- . . - . - qs ~~43-~= é Empididae: (cont.) May 11l------------------- 2 W 12----~-~--~--~------- 19 ® 13------------.----- 15 Ww 14--------------- ~-=26 W 15------------------ 18 " 16--------- eee eee 3 ® 17------------------ 13 © 19-----~--~---------- 3 . Total------~---- 105 Sy rphidae: M@Y enn wn ee een een ee 3 B® Aone eee eee ee 1 e bane nee nnn wane aD " Ben ne ee eee eee ” nn ee 3 8 Gaon --------------- 2 w §---~-------------- 20 WO Qawn- eee ee ee eee 1 wo LPe----- nee ene 9 ew 126--- ------------- 5 © 413------------------ 1 e 4 44------------------ 3 # 15------------------ 3 Total---------- 60 é Conopidée: -=-409.. Conopidae (cont.): May 15--~----------- Total Muscidae: Tachininae: May 8--------------- Ww 11-------------- W 1 4—e-------~- ~~~ ++ @ 17-4 ~~~ -- Sarcophaginae: May G8e<-~-+-------- eee ew Ji---------- eee Dexiinee: May lle------------- ew 12-------------- e 14----.~--------- Muscinae: May 14-------------- Anthomyiinae: May 5-------------- re 1 wane nne-- 4 ----- 2 wenn 1 ~---- 1 ~-~-- 2 mene. -2 waren 1 “eee we 1 . een 2 o- GG fe a hk ee Anthomyiinae: (cont.) May 7--~-------- fences 2 " Qewe enn ee eee ee 5 WO Quen eee eee ee ee 1 Ww Jj.-------~~----------- 3 nm 18----~--------- + 2 H 158------------------ 3 @ 140-...----+---------- 2 ® 15---.------- +--+ 7 "© l6<<-~-------~--------- 5 ® 17------------------- 2 Total---------- 34 Totalq-------- eee eee o5 Grand Toteale-------- 304 Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: é Megilla maculata: May Senne nen enn ol ® 4en----------- 1 WO enn nn ene eee ee ne ee 1 WO Bem en ene memes ee ee 5 WO Yawn n nnn eee ne eee eee 10 We 6 8--------- ---- ee - 2 Wo Jane - ~~ ~~ eH ee 1 Wo Lleenn- + + Hn ee eer eee 1 Wo 1260--~---------- - +--+ 4 n 414.------------------ 3 " 5 ce L5<--- - ae ev Ge @&: ee @ «+: @: & wwe e ] . . ” - . - 7 « o . - . . — ° ‘ - - — -- - . - ~~ -< e . - . e -_— — » 2 “ ~ . * e 7. 2. ° ee wow 5] a Merilla maculate: (cont.) May l6---~-- oe 2+ -0<~4 W 17--- ~~ 223-22 - ++ 1 " Total m7 ++ ----- 35 Hippodamia parenthsis: May 15cm nc-e 0-0 2 2 2 2 <1 Total<---~-~.---~-= 1 Coccinella 9-notatas May §e-------- ++ -se+ eH] " § = --- ~~~ ow 7! WS ~ -~ 3 -o - = -~] ” Tm mes 2 ne eo ee ee ew] " L2a—..~~~~ em eee ewe ee 2 oD we y4--.-.- ----4 aw eee a) Wo 15 ----- - --2---------o] W 168-+------ sae eee 1 Total---~-~----- LO Adalia figida: May L2Q--- 3-3 ---7-3-~ + ----] Total----+------ 1 Chilocorus bivulneruss May L3=m----~--------~-----] Total--~--- +44 ------ 1 Total---.~-----------=---48 e ° ‘ ee ee me ee ne ee a ee ee *F = ee ee me a a er oe -- . Le -- &- © -_ = -— eee he re — !—_ f = en a 5 - - #. . - a e —_ . « ~~ oe -- =e . - ~ - _— , oe me - 1a —_ ao - = - ~~ -— - + - ~ . a ‘ - - -_ & eo . - -_ m- = ~- -—_—_ -—- ° - - o- - - - - . - a ‘ 9 > — - . - eo - - —- - - —_— x . = - —_ . - - - . -~_ « e * « & _ es @ ©— wee we © _- - — . ~ we ee ~ owe - = -- e ‘ e Se r -- we ee -- _ - _ - - . - -_- = =~ a5 Que Derme stidae: é Anthrenus scrophulariae: wane eee 75 May S-~~--------------+- Ze w 12------------------- -5 © 13------------------- 4 w 14--------------- ---- “2 e 1§--.... eee en ne nme 8 W 16-----------~------- 16 8 17e------------------ 20 W 6 19-------------------- 1 Total---------- 75 Totale=------- Blateridae: May Ve--------- een -e-- 1 © 16<----.------------- 1 Total---------- we Lampyridae: May 1l2<------------------ 1 Total---------- 1 Cerambycidae: May Seccn--e---2---- ~~ -- 2 RW 12--- ---------------- 1 ® jl40..--. wee eee eee -) " 15------------- crete 1 W 16------------------- 3 "0 17-0e---- eee + -- 2 HW 19----------- ----- - He Pe potal-~--------13 Chry somelidae: Lina lapponica: Odontata narvosa?: May 17---------------- --- 1 Total---------- 1 Undetermined: May 14--~----------------1 Totale---------- i . Total--------------- 4 Curculionidae: May 1LJe---- eee ne +e 1 Total---------- i- Grand Totale--------- 144 Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: May 3-------------.----- 1 e J----------- rarer 1 , Total---------- 2 Formicidae: MAY = Sennen nm nnn eee 1 N 4au----- e+ -- 1 NO eww enn---- +--+ --- 2 Wm 12------------------- 3 —- —~ woe5gqan Formicidae: (cont) May 16-<------------------ 1 * 17---- ee 1 Total---------- 10 Vespidae: . Polistes: May a ee eal elle alee aala 4 Bf wee eee ee eee ee 2 W §nn--- ee ee %, WO 1l2--- nee eee ee ee ee eee 2 eW 15-------------- =----2 Total---------- LS Crabro: May l6e--+----------------- 1 Total---------- 1 - Total e-~------------ 14 Andrenidae: Nomada: May S------------------- 3 © 12------------------- 1 Totale---------- 4 Agapostermon: May 8------------------- 1 e 12------------------- 1 ® 17------------------- 2 ~-55--< Unidentified: May 2D = ewpre ‘wee -32 "8 TO ~S “DS oom; =!’ WS 3S CF 2 -§ # je mm-e :e2 -oeo "3§ "— WW Bes 37 DWi-e OO -D@ -O ww we 40 " 4 ques -8 -s = owe Ss?) "8 -w-e@-:~e 83 -S “SO 24 " 5 wep -e8 38 “8 "@ +e "Oe wwe -s WZ “@e@-+‘ese #@# = - 32 " Gans oe eee ee eee 12 n Vw ww ee ee eee 2 W 8 B.64 se 85 W jf --..~~..+.--- 22 ee 9 WM 100... ..- 22. eee 719 " | awe wes we ws we ee ee 2-2 wo 14------+--~---------- 33 J 39 Mm 16-----------+--+---- -32 Wo o417------ +--+ +--+ ------9 ew 619---~------ wt ee-5--- 1 Total----~----394 Total----.-----~-~-~---402 Apidae: Xylocopa virginica: May 4---~~-------+~+~+------ 1 Total-------~--- 1 Bombus virginicus: May 3---~~~---~----- ween ne 1 nw 12-------------~------ 1 Apis mellifica: May 3--- --- e222 eee ---- 71 --56-< Apis mellifica (cont.) May 4e<----------------- 9 wo §----------------+-- 12 WO 6 eee nee eee He -- 16 8 Janne ------------ 7 w §------------------ 18 Wo Qn--e +e eee 4 mw ]------------------ 21 ne 12------------------- 9 ® 13----------------~--- 3 W 14------- ~~~ ~~ + 12 ® 15-~------------------ 1 W 16------------------- 3 Total---------- 116 Total----~------------ 119 Grand Total--------- 547 Table IX. Summary Of Table VIII. Hemiptera: 27 2.6% Acanthiidae-------------- 1 Capsidae------------ ---- 17 Pentatomidae-----~--------- 7 Corimelaenidae=---------- 2 Neuroptera-------------------- 1 1 Tricoptera-------------------- 1 1 Diptera 304 30% a Chironomi dae------------- 2 Mycetophilidae---------- 10 Biblonidae--------------- 3S Tabanidae---.------------- 1 Stratiomylidae---------- 64 Empididae---------- ----105 Sy rphidae--- ------------ 60 Conopidae=--- ------------- 4 Muscidae---------------- 55 Coleoptera------------------~------------ 144 14% Coccinellidae----------- 48 Dermestidae----~---=----- 75 Elateridae----- core ee ete 2 Lampy ridae--------------- 1 Cerambycidae-- ---------- 13 Chry somelidae---- ---------4 Curculionidae----- (cee eceee 1 Hymenoptera------ eee nee eee ee eee eee 547 53.4% Ichneumonidae------------ 2 Pormicidae----~---------- 10 Vespidae---------------- 14 Andrenidae------------ 402 Apidae----------------- 119 This summary shows a total of 1024 specimens cOllected, representing six orders and twenty-seven families; but of these only thirteen families are repres- ented by as many as ten specimens each and these thirteen families contain 97% of tre insects collected. 61% of the insects belong to the three families Empididae, Andrenidae and Apidae and 39.2% belong to the Andrenidae elone. 2.6% belong to the Hemiptera, 30% to the Diptera, 14% to the Coleoptera, and 53.4% to the Hymenoptera. We would say from observation that these figures represent about the proportional number of the different insects working. In conclusion it may be said that the greater proportion of the insects that work on pears belong to the Diptera and Hymenoptera and of these the Hymenoptera are far the more important. Table X. Kinds and dates of insects collected on Apples in 1902, é Hemiptera: - . Acanthildae: May 15------------------- 1 @ 14------------------- 1 W 17e-+------------+--- -1 . Total----------- 4 Capsidae: May 6<------- mee een een 2 " 120----------~-~------- 5 ® 15-------------~------- 2 ® 17.------------------- 2 © 19-------------------- 2 MQ men nnn enn nnn nnn ee 2 . Totale--------= 15 Ly gaeldae: May Te-------=- meee ence 1 | Total---------- i Pentatomidae: May 6------------------- 1 Total---------- 1 Grand Total--------- <0 Tricoptera: May 8------------------- 1 " 12------------------- 1 e — & e ° i a ~ se e. “? va 7 7: + 0 ow . >. . e — ° ~ ° - -— — owe . ft ° * - a te . - - fle _ om | . a ee . - - -_ +. a4. ‘ @e - cm] . - . mm -« ¢ e . . at — @ . - . oa « e e - at . » - - Lepidoptera: May 20------- Diptera: é Chironomidae: May 6------- " 12------- é Mycetophilidae: May l2------- * 13------- e 6 14------- ® 15------- " 16------- é Bibionidae: ~-G0-- Grand Total--------- 2 wee ee we cee eee 1 Total--~------- 1 Grand Total--------- 1 ener ew rem ane -] ee meme wwe 1 Total----------- 2 ee 1 ve eee eee ee “1 veeee eee n eee 9 wenn eee eee 2 wenn eee eee 1 Lone eee 1 e - - - . - - —~ - -~ -- _ =< —~ - - _ e . - — — . - - -_ . - . . ~- ~— - =, e -- - ~ se - —~ ‘ - . . . -_— _ .- _— . ~ - - - . - =n * ~— ome “ - - * ~ 8 a nae * e e . — —_ ~ ~ “se -— ° - ~ - - - ~- ~ — - . wo . -_ e . - -—- - ef ve ~ a6 2Qa— May 1l------------------- 3 W 12-..---------------- 2 W 14.-.---------------- 3 © 15--.---------------- 2 ® 16-~..---------------- 1 © 17<------------------ 1 ® 19--.---------------- 2 Total--~----------- 20 Conopidae: May 8-------------- wee -5 W 15------------------- 1 "— Total-------------- 4 Muscidae: Tachininae: May 11---------- we atteeen- 1 e 15----------.---------- 2 Total-------------- 5 Sarcophaginae: May 6------------------- 1 e 9 .------------------ r e 1----------------.-- 1 W 14------------~------ -1 " 17------------------- 1 Total--~----------- o —m ee ee 4 ~=f3--~ Anthomyiinae: May 6------------------>- 4 8 Tee = ++ 1 W@ §...----------------- 2 H Qa... ---2---------- 3 e jl------------------- 9 © 12-.-.-------------- 10 nm 14....-.--- wo ewan 4 nN 15------------------- 6 " 16---.--------------- 4 NW 1Je.----------------- 5 © 90--~------ -22------- 5 Total-----~---- 53 Total--------------- 61 . Grand Total------ --~--196 Coleoptera: Carabidae: May 12-----~-------------- 1 W 19-<----------------- 1 Total<--~------- 2 Coccinellidae: Megilla maculata: May 6----------------~--- 1 R Vamn ---------------- 1 H Gane ---------------- 2 W 1B a... --------------- i ® 17--.---------------- 1 " 19------------------- 2 ' Hippodamia 13- punctata: May 12------ sate reece cree 1 © 14------------------- 2 Total- wat ene--- 3 Hippodamia parenthsis: May 12------~------------- 1 Total- -t~eae ene L Coccinella 9~notata: May TJe--- -~------------- 1 ee 3 © 14------------------- 1 W 1§--.---------------- 1 " 17------------------- 1 ® 19--.---------------- 1 ® 20---------- ey | Wo Ql a -0- 20-2 2-2-2 = 2 Total-------- ~-14 Adalia frigida: May 9---~-~-----~---------- 1 " 19----- -------~------- 1 Total omen ee --- 2 Anatis 15-punctata: May 19<-<~---------~.----- 1 Total---- «saaae k Chilocorus bivulnerus: May 19--~-~---~-----~------- ~ =] Total---------- 1 Total-------- ~---- -~30 wo me --@ ww 8 Haw é Dermestidaes: é Anthrenus scrophulariae: May 19------------------- 1 W 20------------------- 6 BW 21------------------- 1 Total<----~~---- 8 , Total--------------- 8 Scarabaeidae: May 12e--.----~---~--------- 1 Total---------- 1 Cerambycidae; May 19------------------- 2 RW 20------------------- 3 Total-- -------- §- Grand Total--------- 46 Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: May 16--~~---------------- 1 "© 17------------------- 1 Total---------- 2 Formicidae: May 15--~---------------- 1 "® 20---~---------------- 1 Total ---------- 2 Vespidae: Polistes: May 7------------------- i ” DO0w--+ 22 2 we eee ee ~~ ~~] ~-58-- ToOtalen-~------ 2 Total-------~------- 2 Andrenidae: Nomada : May 20-«-------~-----=-~- 3 " 2)------------------- 1 Total --~---~---- 4 Acapostermon: May 8----------------=~- £ a 1 W 15--~-~-------------- 1 "© 17-.--+--------------- 2 w 6 19-------------~------ 9 © 20--------..-----..-- 4 Total---------- 18 Unidentified: May 6-<-~ ---------------- 8 " Je------------------- 5 w §------------------ 90 - ° ae ~ ° - o « -~$7-~ Unidentified (cont.) May 12~------------ -----65 © 14---.--.-2---------20 wo 15e--~ -------------- -46 M 16------------------41 Wo LJnn-- 2 eee ee 65 mW 19-.-----2--- veeees 108 Nm 90--...-------------71 MQ] a... 2 reese 8 Total------- --~540 Total---------- 562 é Avidae: Xylocopa virginicas May 8---+- -++------+-----2 Total---------=---2 Bombus Virginicus: May 6-«-----~---2-------4 ” ] we se ee ee ew HG " Bow me 6 ee eee ce we ee ww we " Qn one 2 eS W la--.-..------------2 HF L Dawe ww ee ee ee eee eS ® 14--..---------------2 L5--+ ++ sw +--+ 22 © 16----------------- --2 W 17.--.-------- -------6 wef 3a Bombus Virginicus (cont.) May 1Qe-------------------2 WO R0M- - ++ - ee 2 2 ee ~ --2 ” Dw mm 20 we ee eee ee HD Total---~-------44 Bombus separatus:s May Te------------+------1 W Len. 2.22 eee ++] ® y4e...---------------] Wo 15----- 2-22-85 L Vb wm = + 2 2 2 a ee ee ee 8 17a. ---+--- 222 -~ e---] Totale-~-------12 Bombus pennsylvanicus: May 68e--+-----+----~---~----] W ol--- ----- --8- ------<1 W 1 40-~-- --+----~~-- +-~l RW 164-4 -- - + ---------- - 93 ” | 7 we me so 2 3 es ee we ow] " LQ --~ ~~ ~~ we 2 ~~~] Bombus ferlidus: May 15-~~-~.------------~--2 "© 17--~---------------- 2 e 19u~- a eee ee] Total---------~- -6 ~-89-. Apis mellifica: May Ga- += 202 eee 22 2 + 3h w Vw mn ee en ew 8 J ae, " Quan sen seen aeaene 4 Ww Llew----~ sate ceeeee 20 Wo 1 2n-~ new -~ 2 + - + - 28 © 13--.-------------~---l w 14-...-------------- 21 W® an. ..-.-.---------A40 @ 16---~------~--------=39 w 17--~------- 2-2 eee 44 Wo 19 mewn -- -------------2)) ew 29 -----~- a tease += 10 Total=~-~-- ---~-237 Unidentified: May 1l6--.-+--- ----8----+---] Totale---------1 Totale---~~-~~-~-----= S11 Grand Totale--------- 879 -_- -- e ° oF = 7Qm~ Table XL. Sumnarvy Of Table X. Hemiptera:-----------------------~ -20 1.7% Acanthiidae--------3 Capsidae-- ---------15 Ly gaeidae----------- 1 Pentatomi dae--~-~----1 Tricoptera-------- = ------ Q- --------- 2 Lepidoptera--.--~- --------l---~-------l Diptera=.-+-----------~+~-----------=-196 17.1% Chironomidae-------=2 Mycetophilidae-- ----8 Bobionidae---~---~--- 13 Stratiomyiidae-----35 Empididae~---~-- ---53 Sy rphidae- ---------20 Conopidae-- ----~---~--4 Muscidae=----------- 61 Coleoptera--------- wee een eee ee ee 46 4.% Carabidae--~-~ --~----=-2<2 - Coecinellidae-- -- --30 Dermestidae---------8 Scarabaeidaew-------1 Cerambycidae~- ------5 Hymenoptera-- -------------------- 879 76.9% Ichneumonidae~-------2 Formicidae=---------2 an T] an Hymenoptera-(cont.) Vespidae------ -----2 Andrenidae------- -§62 Apidae------------3111 This summary shows a total of 1144 specimens cOllected representing six orders and twenty-four families; but of these only nine families are represented by as many as ten specimens each, and these nine families contain 96.1% of the insects collected. 49.1% belong to the Andrenidae and 27.2% to the Apidae. 1.7 belong to the Hemiptera 17.1% to the Diptera, 4.% to the Coleoptera and 76.9% to the Hymenoptera, From observations we would say that these figures are inaccurate so there was apparently as many Apidae as Andrenidae working. The difference in numbers collect- ed is probably due to difference in the habits of the two families making necessary different methods of cOllecting. The Andrenidae generally work high up on the trees and are easily disturbed. They were caught mainly by shaking the trees and then sweeping with a long handled net. The Apidae on the other hand work about equally on all parts of the trees but are not easily disturbed and so were collected for the most part individually, Tables IX and XI combined showing in parallel cOlumns the families of insects that worked on the two fruits in 1902, NO. ' No, Pears of specimens’ Apples of specimens demiptera 2,6% 27 ¢* Hemiptera 1.7% 20 Acanthiidae 1 Aeanthiidae 3 Capsidae 17 . Capsidae 15 ' Ly gaeidae 1 Pentatomidae 7 . Pentatomidae 1 Corimelaen idae 2 . Neuroptera 1 . Tricoptera 1 . Tricoptera 2 . Lepidoptera 1 Diptera 30% 304 : Diptera 17.1% 196 Chironomidae 2 . Chironomidae 2 Mycetophilidae 10 . Mycetophilidae 8 Bibilonidae 3 Bibionidae 13 Tabanidae 1 . Stratiomyiidae 64 Stratiomyiidee 35 Empididae 105 : Empididae 53 Sy rphidae 60 ! Sy rphidae 20 Conopidae 4 : Conopidae 4 Muscidae 55 : Muscidae 61 Coleoptera 14% 144 . Coleoptera 4% 46 : Carabidae 2 Coccinellidae 48 | Coccinellidae 0) aa 3 are NO No. Pears of specimens’ Apples of specimens Derme stidae 75 - Dermestidae 8 Elateridae 2 Lampy ridae 1 Scarabaeidae 1 Cerambycidae 13 Cerambycidae 5 Chry somelidae 4 Curculionidae 1 Hymenoptera 53,4% 547 ' Hymenoptera 76.9% 879 Ichneumonidae 2 Ichneumonidae 2 Formicidae 10 Pormicidae 2 Vespidae 14 Vespidae 2 Andrenidae 402 Andrenidae 562 Apidae 119 ' Apidae 311 . ' ' ' We find nearly the same number Of families on both pears and a ples, but some families work on pears and not on apples and vice verse, Three families of Hemiptera were found on both pears and apples. One family represented by two specimens was found on pears and not on apples, One family repre- sented by one specimen was found on apples and not on pears. One specimen of Neuroptera was collected on pears and none on apples, a, 7 Tricoptera were found on both pears and apples. One specimen of Lepidoptera was collected on apples and a few Others were seen, but none were observed on pears Nine families of Diptera were collected on pears, only one of which was not found on apples. Seven families of Coleoptera were colleeted on pears, Only one of which was found on apples. One family represented by one specimen was found On apples and not On pears. The families of Coleoptera not common to both pears and apples were not abundant, Five farilies of Hymenoptera were collected on both fruits, By a further comparison of these summaries we find that the percent of Hemiptera is about one-half greater On pears than on apples. The proportion of Diptera is considerably greater on pears than on apples. There were three and one-half times as many Coleoptera On pears as on apples. The Hymenoptera however, were far more abundant on arples than on pears. vt oe A classification of the insects on the two fruits in 1902 according to character of work done in pollination. A. Insects that carry pollen only accidentally. I. Those that get on the flowers only accidentally. Pears Apples. Hemiptera Acanthiidae 1 3 Ly gaeidae L Pentatomidae 7 1 Neuroptera 1 Tricoptera 1 : 2 Diptera Chironomidae 2 a Mycetophilidae 10 8 Tabanidae 1 Coleoptera Carabidae 2 Coccinellidae 48 350 Elateridae 2 Lampy ridae 1 Scarabaeidae 1 Cerambycidae 13 5 Chry somelidae 4 Curculionidae 1 Hymenoptera Ichneumonidae 2 2 rw --. 2a e o_o 94 9,1% 57 5 ~-76-— II. Those that visit the flowers systematicaily but carry pollen only accidentally. Pears Apples Hempitera Capsidee 17? | 15 Corimilaenidze 2 Lepidoptera 1 Diptera Bibionidae 3 135 Stratiomylidae 64 355 Empididae 105 53 Sy rphidae 60 20 Conopidae 4 4 Muscidae 55 61 Coleoptera Dermestidae 75 8 Hymenoptera Formicidae 10 2 Vespidee 14 2 Total 409 39,9% 214 18.7% B. Those that visit flowers and carry pollen systemat~ ideally. Pear Apple Hymenoptera Andrenidae 402 562 Apidae 119 oll 521 50.6% 873 76.3% From this table we see that the only insects that ere Of any practical value to the orchardist in assisting in pollination are the Andrenidee and Apidae. The proportion of the different classes can readily be scen from the table. Table XIV. Dates and families of insects collected torether with weather reports for 1902, « I wv TSun= wv a Date . Order ' Family No.'Temp.*shine*Rain'Wind rs a oT i es meneame By —e- a2 & & ~~ ~_ — = & ee ee 17m f ? "Apidae t May 2° ' 19 162,53°9125% tAM.9W.15 ’ ’ , ? ? *.09 8 e 9 ? 9 t 8 'Diptera 'Syrphidee 13 ' t ' 9 t 9 e ? e e . 'Syrphidae 13r ' ' : t 9 ? ? g g t 'Pymenoptera' ' 6 ! t t ’ e g e t: g 9 g ' *Andrenidze ‘6 t f tnishtS .F.14 May 3 ° t- "66 #61.° #100% 1,54 2 . _ tHemiptera '* ‘2s ’ ? ’ 9 t g et ? g g ’ 'Capsidae oe ' ' : ? ? g e e 8 e ’ 'Pentatcmidaet 1 : ’ ' ’ ? q e ? e 9 ? 'Neuroptera ? ‘1 ’ ' ' ? t t g e t ? ‘Diptera ' a a ' ’ ’ e 9 e e e 9 e ‘ *Stratiomylidae 1 = ' ' ' ? ? ? 9 ? q ? ‘ *Empididae ‘lt: t ' ' ? 9 ’ t 9 e g , 'Syrphidee ‘1: ? ? ’ t e e 8 e 8 8 ‘Coleoptera ! 123 1 ’ ’ ’ ? ? g ? 8 8 8 ' *Coccinellidee’ 1 ° ’ ' ' t ¢ 9 8 g g t ' 'Dermestidae ¢#22 8 t ’ t ? ? ? t ? ? ? *Hymenoptera: e 381 ’ ¢ t ¢ 8 e 9 g 9 e 9 ' ‘Ichneumonidae 1 ' ’ ’ ? e ? g q g c ’ *Pormicidae \*ids t t ' ? e ? e 8 , 8 ' 'Vespidae ‘jie ! ' ' 9 9 e ? ? ? ? ‘ tAndrenideae 133 8 : ' t ? e ® e ? e ' ? ? ’ ’ ? nw - e& Cc Y g on i» (bei ae- 2 & &. e- -R & ©. BB oo vT “T “¥ FR tin= “¥ “v Date * Order ' Family 'No.'Temp. 'shine"Rain'Wind , eet ‘ ' Wich? May 4 ° ' 144 162,39 100% *.08 W.6 e g ? ? 9 ? t ‘Hemiptera '! 1D e : ’ ’ $ 9 g ? 9 t , 8 Tentatomidae *] !° ’ ' ’ q g 8 ? 9 : t ‘ '‘Corimelaenidaé 1 ! ' ' ’ g 9 8 g t t t Diptera t 14 ' ' ' t g e t e 8 ? ‘ ‘NMycetophilida@ 2 ! ' t ' ? ? e q ? e , ' 'Svrphideae '2! ' ' ! ? , 9 e ? 9 t "Coleoptera ? 12 ' t ! 9 g e ? t ? ? ' *"Coccinellidae!} ° t ' ' f q e t ? 9 ? ' 'Chrysomelidae’ 1 ° ’ ' ' ? t 9 ? ? ? ? "Hymenoptera? 136 ' ' 1 t ? ? ? ? e ? ! "Formicidae ‘ls t ! ' 8 e ? g g g e ‘ 'Vespidae 12st ' ' t 8 e ? g 9 9 g ' tAndrenidae 124 1 ' ' ' t e ? ? ? ? ' t tApidae 19 0 t ' ’ ? ¢ e 9 e t | May 5 ¢ ' 178 958.19 950% 1+ 0 1N.5 9 t g ? 8 g q ‘Hempitera ': 1 4 6 t ' ’ 9 q ? 9 t v ? ' 'Capsidae 13 ' ' ? t ? , 9 ? ? ? ' ‘Pentatomidae «1 8 ! t ' 8 9 e ? ? e t ‘Diptera ' 119 ' ' ’ ; 9 ? ? g t 9 ' »tratiomylidae 6 | : , ' ’ 9 8 8 9 ? g ' mpididae . 3 . . ' ' g ? t t 8 t ? e ,-yrphidae v 7 t ? 9 ? , ? ? t t ? ? ' ,conopidae ,r, ; . ' ? ? ? e 9 ? q ' J Mfuscidae ae , ' . _ ———T . y \ a Youn= ¥ re Date ! Order ' Family ‘No. 'Temp.'shine'Rain'Wind T a an i — ‘Coleoptera ' — ' 4 ? 8 g , "Coccinellidae®? 2 g g v ' "Cerambycidae * 2 9 g ? 'Hymenoptera® ‘51 ? g 8 ' *Formicidae ' 2 e ? ? ' 'Vespidae ' 3 ? ? ? , * Andrenidae 732 ? ? ? ' ‘Apidae "12 ? ? ? Day May 6! ' "75 '60.6°'15% '.65 'S.9 t e ? ‘Hemiptera '! 6 t ? ' 'Capsidae 4 e e , *Pentatomidae 2 9 e *'Tricoptera ! ? g 9 8 ? g 9 9 e ? ‘Diptera $ 116 g ? g ‘'Chironomidae * 2 ? 8 'Stratiomyiidaeé 2 g e *'Empididae ‘il ? 9 'Syrphidae ' 6 ? ? ‘Muscidae ' § ? ? ' 7 e Coleoptera ! ' *Coccinellidaet 7 ee a ee ee ee ee, ee ee ee ee er ee ee ee ee ee ee ee ee ee ee ee en ee ee en on ea wn ndt an dr annwnmn denen eannanndn ea eo dD Owe eae deis see Ba Ra wean naens east een wo eo i ee ee | ee” ee ee ee ee, er ee ee er ee ee ee ee ee ee ee | 8 e Hymenopterat "46 ? 8 tAndrenidae #20 ? e "Apidae "26 t e ? 9 --@0-- eel v w YF vv — Sune ¥ ¥ Date * Order * Family ‘No.'Temp.* shine'Rain' Wind r y F 3 7 TH... May 7 ! . '58 153° «t ' 80 * 10 ? ? q t g g t "Hemiptera '°* ‘3s! ’ ' ' t ? ? 8 ? g ? ’ 'Capsidae ‘at t , : ? 9 a ? ? 9 t ' ' Ly gaeidze ‘i: ' ' ' ? 8 ? e e 9 t ‘Diptera ' ‘10 t ’ ' 9 ? 8 g o 9 ? , 'Stratiomyiidaeé 5 * ' t , ? 9 ? ? ? t ' ' 'Sy rphidae ‘2 t ' ' g q ? g ? ? g ' ‘Muscidae ‘3 t t t ? e ? ? ? g ? *Coleoptera ! ?14 3 ’ ’ ' 9 g 0 8 0 e ? ' 'Coccinellidae'13 ! ' : ' ? ? g e g ? S ' 'Klateridae oe t : ' e ? , t ? ? ? *Hymencpterat 3 ' : ' ’ a ? t 8 g ? ' ‘Ichneumonidae’ 1 ! ' ' ' ? 8 t ? t t ? ' 'Vespidae ‘ls t ' ' ? t ? ? t ? t ' t Andrenidae 17: ’ ' ' ? ? ? g g t g 2 ‘Apidae +2D 1 8 2 | ' ' ’ ’ ' ! ‘SW, May 6 ' ' *273'65.3°'100% ' O '16 9 ? ? et t g t ‘Hemiptera ! Ret t ' ' ’ 8 ? ? ? ? ? ‘ 'Capsidae 1ar ' ! : 8 e g e e 8 1 ' 'Pentatomidae ' 1! : t ' t ? g ? q ? g 'Tricoptera ! ‘ri: ' ! ' 0 e ? 9 a g 9 *Diptera t 154 1 t ' ' t ? 9 t g t t ' 'Mycetophilidae 1 ! : ’ ' ’ f t t t t z ' 'Stratiomyliidael4 ' ' ' ‘ % e ? q e t 8 ' 'Syrphidae 193 1 ? ! ' ? ? ? ¢ ? ’ ? Conopidae 3 --8]-- ii, Amn Aine nn - Alin afin sities. a r , vo rsSun- ! ' Date '! Order ' Family _ ‘'No,'Temp.'shine'Rain'Wind ‘ “y F 7 7 r May 8 * "Muscidae "13° ' ' ' 8 8 e e ? 9 9 "Coleoptera ' — ‘ge ' ’ ' ? t t 8 , g ? ' 'Coccinallidae't 8 ! t t : e t ? g t ? 8 'Hymenoptra! *207! t ' ' e ? g t t ? ? ' tAndrenidae ‘177! ' ‘ : 8 t 9 ? ? q ? ? ‘Apidae *30 ? ? t 8 ? g t ¢ g 8 t May 9 ! ' 125 '43,3°190% #0 'N.W.4 q 9 ' @ 8 a t ‘Hemiptera '! '2oer ’ ' : g f ? 8 t e g ' 'Capsidae ‘2 ' ' ' ’ 9 ¢ ? ? g ? "Diptera ' ‘se ! ' ’ g t ? e ? 8 ' ' 'Statiomyiidae' 1 ! ' ' ' t 9 q ? ? g ? ' *Empididae ‘1! ‘ ' ' t 9 g e 8 ? ? ' 'Syrphidae ‘ls t ' ' e 8 ? ? g 9 t ' ‘Muscidae © 5 ' ' ’ 'Coleoptera ! ' 21 ' t ! ' *Coccinellidae’ 2 ! ' ? ! ? 0 9 9 ? ? ' ‘Hymenoptera’ "15 ' ' ' ? 8 ? q , ? g ' tApidae 113 ' t ' ? g ? 8 g ? e May 10% ' t 136.35°! 0 ',35 !'N,E.6 ? ? t 9 g 8 ? May 11° ‘ 196 148,35°1100% ' 0 'N,4 ? 9 8 g t ? q ‘Hemiptera '! a ' ' ' ’ t 8 8 ? , ’ ' 'Capsidae oe ' ' ' 9 t 9 e ? ? q ‘Diptera ' 34 8 ' ' ' a t g q ? 9 ? ' 'Stratiomyiidae 1 °* t ' ' ? ? 8 g ? 8 t ' 'Empididae ' 3! t t ' ? t 9 ? t g t t 'Syrphidae ‘12 ! t t ‘ t t ? 9 ? ? v ' ‘Muscidae 118 1 t ' ' o-~ Se ee ee ee ee ee ee eee FSH FO Date '° Order... Family ___ “No. ‘Temp ." shine’ Rain’ Wind ' ' ‘ Spr May 1l'Coleoptera ' — an ' ‘ ' 8 ? e ? ? ? t ' 'Coccinellidae't 1 °* ' ' ' ? g g g g ? t ‘Hymenoptera! "60 ! ' ' ' ? ? e 2 ? , 8 ' 'Andrenidae "16 ! ' ' ' 9 ? g t ? ? t ' *Apidae 144 t ' t ' rs ‘Night yay let ' '278' §9° "100% 1.37 'S ES e 9 ? g t ? ? ‘Hemiptera '* ‘8s! ' ' ' ? 9 ? e ? e g ' 'Capsidae ‘st ' ' ' % ? ? g ? ? v 'Tricoptera ! oe ' ' ' 9 ? t g ? 8 ? "Diptera ' "58 ' ' ’ ' ‘ ¢ ' e ’ ’ ’ ' 'Chironomidae * 1 °* t ’ t g e g ¢ t ? g ' 'Mycetophilidaé 4 ° ' ' ' ? ? 9 9 g g e ' 'Bibionidae ‘3! ! ' ' ? 9 9 ? g g ? ' 'Stratiomyliidae 5 ' t e t e ? e t ? t t e 'Empididae ‘21! ' ' ' q 9 ? v q q ? ' 'Sy rphidae ' 7! ' ' ' g q t t e ? g ' *Conopidase ‘2 ' ' ' 9 g ? ? 9 g ? ‘ 'Muscidae ‘15 * ' t t ’ ? ’ ’ ’ : ’ ‘Coleoptera 18 1 ' ' ' q 8 g ? e 9 ? ' ‘Carabidae ‘1: ' ' ' ? ? 9 t e ¢ t ' 'Coccinellidae? 9 ! t t ' , ? g e e ? t ' 'Dermestidae *' 5 ! t ! ' ' ! ’ ' ' ' ' $ tLampy ridae oe ' t t , ¢ ’ ' ' ’ ’ ' ‘Scarabaeidae '1 ! ' ' ' t ? t g q ? t ' 'Cerambycidae ' 1 ! ' ' ’ ~-83-- Sun= Date _ 1 Order __Family __ 'No.Teng .'shine' Hain Wind . 9 May l2tHymenopterat | 13938 ' ' ' q 9 8 q 9 a t ' *'Formicidae ‘3 ' ‘ ' 9 9 t g q 9 g ‘ 'Vespidae ‘2 ! ' ' 8 ? g t g q 9 ' *Andrenidae 145" t ' ! ’ 8 ’ ? ? ? ? ' ‘Apidae 143° ' ' ' 9 ? ? ? ? ? ? May 13: ' 139 953° 112% 0 ‘'N.E,4 ? g ? g 8 ? ? 'tHemiptera ' ‘jis ! ' t t t g g t ? q t tAcanthiidae «j]:! ' ' ' t ? t ? t t 8 'Diptera e #29 3 ' ' ' ’ g 9 9 t e g ' 'uycetophilidae 41 ! ' ' t 8 9 8 g g t ‘Bibionidae '2t t : q a 8 g 9 9 g g ‘ 'Stratiomyiidae 3 ! ' ! : 2 8 e ? g g ? f 'Empididae 16 1 t t ' ? g t g g g t ' 'Sy rphidae ‘it ' t t ? t t ? g t g ! Muscidae es t ' ' g 9 g ’ g t v ‘COleoptera : 1 2 1 ' t ' t ¢ g t ? 9 g ' 'Coccinellidae: 1 : $ ' ! g ? e ? t ? t ' ‘Dermestidae 11] +: ' ! f ? t t a ? g f ‘Hymenoptera? ' 6 ’ ' ' g 8 ? ? ’ ? 8 ' ‘Andrenidae 2 ' , : g e ? t ? 9 a ' tApidae 14 ' t ' t t ? e g ? ’ May 14: ' 9175952° 1100% +O 'N4 8 9 9 ? t 8 8 tHemiptera : 12s ' ' : g e 3 ? f 8 9 ' tAcanthiidae +1 2 1 t ' ' ’ 9 g e g t 9 g t g ? t q t Date ' Order May 14'Diptera Coleoptera May 15% "Hemiptera Diptera ou = so vB Bes seseeseess se 8 2o2 2 3 © @ @ _— <—-_ Hymenoptesra't ~-84-- ,vrTr°,~ oe ae as ar a a Oe r ‘ Ramily t "69 t 'Mycetophilidaé 3 ? 8 "Bibionidae ' 3 e 'Stratiomyiidaé 9 g t 'Empididae "36 q g 'Syrphidae ' 6 e ? ‘Muscidae "12 g ? ? "13 g e *'Coccinellidae!® 8 t 9 'Derméstidae ' 2 9 e "Cerambycidae * 2 a 'Chrysomelidae' 1 ? g 91 'Formicidae tl ? "Andrenidae 158 g ‘Apidae 'S7 Capsidae ‘2 "54 ’ 'Mycetophilidaé 2 t , os —2 232. 2828 @© &838 @ @D © = *"Bibionidae ' 2 e g 'Tabanbdae ‘il 9 ? *Stratiomyiidaé 8 ’ 'kmpididae 718 g ? 'Syrphidae © 5 ? 'Conopidae ' 2 "Muscidae 16 wert ce tee en eee cme rr ee ee ee ee ee ee ee ee ee ee ee er ee ee ee ee ee ee ee ee, ee ee ee ee ee, ee ee ee ee ee ee, ee ee ee 'Sun~ es se 292. 8S BSB Beets eseF &s Sse sDBses wSBeeses ss se #8 #2 ese Sse BS DB DB woes s #s ss 8 Be 2S See 8 23 Se wwe weeseee&esehCOOmhfClrtOlhC OlhCrShC i - ap >. a a ay a> ' Sun- ! qt: ati. vo vo v t v o May 15'Coleoptera '° 13 9 ' ' ' g ? ? ? 9 t e ' 'Coccinellidae’ 4 ° t ' ' ' ? ? ? ’ ? ’ ' 'Dermestidae ' 8 ! ' : t t e e ? g a s ’ ‘Cerambycidae '1 ' ' ' ' ’ ? g 9 8 t ? "Hymenoptera? 139! t ' ' ? g ? ? ? g ’ ' "Formicidae ‘1! ' ' ' ? ? ? q g 8 8 ’ "Ve spidae 2? ! ' ? g t e ? g 9 ' ‘Andrenidae "86! ' ' ' 9 ? ? 9 g ? t ' tApidae ‘50 ? ' ' ' ’ e ¢ 8 ’ ? 7: May 16° ' "216'58° 8'100% ' 0 'S.2 ? 9 ? 8 ? ? 8 "Hemiptera '! ‘3? ' ? ? g ? ? t 8 g ’ ' ‘Capsidae ‘ii! ' ' ' ? e c t g a 9 ' 'Pentatomidae ' 2 ! ' ' : 8 g ? ? g ? ? 'Diptera ’ "63! ' ' ' e e 0 ? t ? ? ™Mycetophilidaé 1 ! ' ' ' ? ? t 9 ? ? ? ' 'Bibionidae ‘i! ' : ' 9 ? e ? g t g ' 'Stratiomyiidadl7 ' ' ' ' ? e ? 3 t t g ' "Emp ididae "le? 9 ? ? t ? ? ? ' 'Sy rphidae ri! ' ' ' ? t ? q t ? ? ' ‘Muscidae m4 ' ' ' ' ? e ? 9 ? ? ? ‘Coleoptera ! '26 ' ' ' ' ’ ‘ e t ’ ? ' ' 'Coecinellidae'2l ! ' t t ’ ’ , ' ' ’ ' ' "Elateridae ‘li! ' ' ' ? 9 t g 9 g ? ' '‘Cerambycidae * 3 ! ' ' ' ' t ? ’ ' t ' ' 'Chrysomelidae’'1 ! ' ' ' ' t | ' t ' ' ’ Hymenoptera 125 ao @& - a we - ee . e oe . ~ - ~-86--= TT ng ns sons mee ms aperememayes sencncns apse norma mecemnng sam Date ' Oréer ' Family 'No.'Temp,'shine'Rein'Wind ES ED 7 eo May 16! : ’ 9 ? ’ ’ t 8 ? t e 0 ? * Formicidae ' 1 ° ' ' 9 e 9 t t 0 ’ ' 'Vespidae ‘1° ' ' , § 8 8 t ¢ g g , ‘Andrenidae ‘73 ° ' ' ' ’ t ? t 9 ? g ’ "Apidae "50 ° ‘ ' ' 9 e 8 e 8 t ? May 17! ' £215'66.3°'95% "0 'S,W.4 a 8 8 8 9 9 ' "Hemiptera '° ' 4 ' ' ' 8 0 ? 9 ? t ? ' ‘Acanthiidae '1 ' ' ' ' ’ ? e q 9 9 ? 'Capsidae "2! ' ' ' 9 e 9 ? e t ’ ' 'Corimelaenidaé 1 ! 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