THEGIS

List and Life History of the
Cultivated Pteris and
elena tir)
WY Aint ieee nL

FEF Winifred Cannel
1902

 

 
 
 

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THESIS

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LIFE HISTORY OF A PRN.

The spores of a fern are to be foun! on
the bask or under siisc of the fronds. If we take
a fertile frond of the Pteris or Adiantum we will
find the edze of the frond folds back over +he
sporangia to form the indusiun. -In the Pteris,
this is in a continusl rov, often stopping before
the apex of the frond ais rsached. In the Adtan-
tui, the cade forms dots.

A frona wilt tate: nbout elbsht siontys
to ripen. After the front ripens, tne edse will
contract fron the sporangia. Trsse sporunjla
are stalked casus and howe a rinse of cells aroun:
Shem which is sore sla tie than the other eslls of
wnich the o2nse is conposede. When th: spores ure
ripe this ring econte.35s, the case opens, and the
ripened spores fly off lik: dust. If these licht
on i damp brick wall or sand, thoy are in the
right conditions for deve2lopinz:. The spores de-
velop into protnalli.e hes2 protkalli are held in

place hy little hairs -vhich ulso sorve the

in
-
« -

(OSS 4S Stamens ami vistils in flovering piunts.

9633'2

 

 
The plant then grows fron two prothalli. The

iy

"9g

first frond is very small ane of aifferent shepe,
there being only one pian. to ite Ths socond
Promnd is un enlorgenent of tho rirs* Civision

ya)

‘% . - y +t 4 se . WY ey Caan “N 4 = 7 -
An*f50 %. muaheor of painris ant so on. The nov furn

1s now Youly ae) p,r Or" und rioon L4ts nov front.
CONDITIONS UNDER WHICH Tite BAPE AT TINT GAS

CARRIMND ON.

The experinent was intended to o»sorve
the lensth of tine and conditions of moisture and
temperature for generating a nev fern fron a ripen-
ei frond. This we did in 2 room on the north sides
of the greenhnousee A Shelf was covered with fine
white s:md; on this we placed inverted Plover pots
contauininy nunerous fertile fronds, keepin, thei
moist and covered with glass. when the spores had
all dischurged, we removed the withered fronds
amid waited for the developmcnt of the spores. The
uvernze temperature was ahout 76 Pe the variation

0 9
beings generrlly between 70 ani 80 but on one oc-

3
eusion it fell nearly to 60° and on nnother it rose
to about 90 . We first put the fronds in on Jon.
e4th; the first indication of 2 prothallus appeared

about April 6th. Before this there hil appeared a
greenish scun on the flower pots which furnished a
yood field for growth in cause of aiiantuns and on
the sanie This svw. was the enrlizst sta ss of de=
velopment.

The pteris ferns dil not .rov on flover

pots e

 
LIS? O. CULTIVATED PUERIS PERNS.

le Pe. agypiilin.--Tropit toon terporst3 pecilons.e

Oe Pe APSO be mtr ctr reer tr crt re rr rrr rn
Oe Pe AP TUNG terre terete rrr tener fH -- Madertlae
Ae Pe AP GY Grrr t tern nnn All tropical rec ionse
De PeAASperit.ulis ------------------------ Trnidiae
6. Pe. Atrovirens-------- Guinva Cous* und Au,ola.
Te Pe Anrita------------------------
8. PP. binuvita------- 7c rrr renee Tro:ics.
9. Pe Prasilensis------ Tropics and South Amcor beau.
10-¢- Pe collina------ a leleeaienn ean iaheeinienenanenenenenennaae
Ji. Pe Co:ans ---------------- oo Nast Indiase
1l2ae P. concinna-------- rr ener ern e
13... Pe crenata----- on nn------- -------------------
14. P. Cretico.---Tropienl recions to cintral Fla.

15e Pe Crispa-------~-----------------------------

166 P. Currori----------- Vestern tvropisil Apricae
17. P. decipiens -------------- ------- Mevvaiie
18. Pb. (scor2 Nouk------------------------ evalde

19. P. exeeols. Gaud----------------------- Hovvradde
20. Pe Gronitifolin---—- ——— oe —— —O——————_—_—_—— err OV

Ole Pe intoernatn----------- West Indias to RBruzil.e

‘32
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e Fe lonsifolia----------------- Moxico, Florida.
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LiStT OF CURPIVATED POMRIS PERNG.

May Li------- eer Troplenl rections.
podopnylla----- aeslaetaheeeaan ma OWaPt zy MeXLCO.

rry.

PpUNnsens ------ wren rn Pyinidade

wwrdiourita-------------------- Meoxbleoe
ro Lars ----- 9 e  re ne Weavaile

Serr lat.---------- + -- Ghina ond dipane

S bey Ol: ’ L ee ee ee ee) = ane
x _ « , Vous. Ney . ™ Y
Sovwhsmilie----------- ween -Mo ZAsalunie

WD OS Qe ter er ee ren en Australlae

Wiis t,t L----= on ame aoe a ame ew oe Se ee oe Om em am em et ee SO ow oe a @e ee ow Se a an ae =

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CULTIVATED ADLANTT'S.

Geri tere rr rr rrr Brazil.

sobthnio.leagmedp rin uni almost cosmopolit =n.

Pf Lager ee ee eee ee Nor ZAcalande
Ne Lt uo ene - - o - e e e e e e ee e- AneLteenns Isles.

Beawsul Nybric Pranpeziforn ant decomui-----
Wel lwi------------ - -- -- Berrulive
Co, tllis vencris-GeBe od -vorld vide dis.-
auaiotaun (te blud ) ------------------ Tropics.

Colraces (d22u

{
a

hollow) --Meuador ant Pore

Cura atu forod

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@ Shopad)------------ Brvuzile
CO =--LAwS OF LAM Wa ee ere re rr ee ere
Cr--andulwnn (1G00 ) ere e ere ern cere eee nn
AG COPUlN a te tn nn te re ree ree PUrlle

dinphanus (trinsporent5.ehure, China, NeAevt.

QLeitatue. (finger leeved)------------ Pore
aman bratui|e ++ seer —CrlLiforiitve
BO pM Lt LLL Glen ee ee ee rr ee ern ee eee _

formnesui------------------------ Aistrolice
Pulvun------------ - -e  -- New Zccvland.
gplaaecophyliwun (grcy Leaved) -------- MaxXLeOe
orc lll nun-------------------------------
hniselaulini (hairyish*---Old orld Tropics.

0 annie } mm ce ee ee ee ewe ee ee ee wee wee et ee ee ee ee ee ee ee ee eee ee cee ee es ww ee
To prone
 
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Wry: fsa! Q2a:,L up i ae eee er rr ne ee

nonoehlaiws (one coverad) -----------------
POOR L<------ A moat ene Andes Pere
HOP LEZ Lucier ------------ —--O91tH Arorhede

vlnatas (9) ----------- amare —PoTUe

nw

, t.y Le
wadavbhue ene MTS Mlincostan, Weide
e

TEN LPOVNG eee eee ee ec rr ren Mfadoriae

ruelham (real ish) ---------------- Polivivi.

Bhensomun (2?) (tesa ot) --------------- MMLC
heer] oy ons Qe eee ee Barkdo:s
Hinetur (tint od) --------- Tronie 1 Ariar tea.
tranegiforne (?) (thorh-13 vod)------ mr TS
veoustivg (Cthovobatjy-aMbouwteoynas uy to Bo00rt
WLI is Li-------------------- 4s. of Porn.
Forleayv 23 oer or en eo we an an ee
NHonsloinny------------ CeLifcrnia and Peru.
ConGinmuri------------ m2 -Gundnlaisrae

convolutan ----- ----- - - ~~ - - Marlene

=~ rs . + ~ wy — _ .
OP Lat teu] - eee ee ee ee ee Los An >. 15s.
oat Lowlater ------------ ------ POTHY NLM.
frecils: ae we ee we ee ee ee Porto “Lea,

fe. y ryt -». ‘ ; . ‘ 7
evorophy 1 liyy----- ------ == VP Grd) Anovhos.

polyowyllwi-------- --Trincad aul Coluyiae

whiloss. (haivyest loi) ------7ost Indies.
 

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