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SENIOR THEOSI 5.

 

PROPAGATION OF SHRUBS.

T G, Phillips.

 

1902.

Michizcan Arricultutal Collese.

 

 

 

 
 

THESIS

 

 
103350
PROPAGATION OF SHRUER G.

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+ ds not the intention of this t»esis to

dictete any specific wars cr prcepasating stirubs, but t
Give in fencral true results of my worx, provacgating a

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Tew cf the snrvbs teouna on tire 7, A.’ 1. Camnnus. L

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ericd to get as many dirferent varieties as possible

to snew tne difference in their propagating qualities.

This work was pérrormied under wné supcrvis-

2071 OF Tnomes A. Gunson during; the Winter and spring

term of the eclie:ée vear 1900--1°0L.
Tne object ox this thesis was to study the

following shrubs on the carpus and ccmpare them with

those of different climates. The compariscn of meth-

Ods of rccting hardy plants with those less hardy.

To study the physiolorical reasons why willow, for
ew rei ey 3

instance, rooted easier than dogwood, Wanted to

denonstrate if possible what there was in the easv

rooting qualities of some flowering plants from

tnose that root slower. Also some microscopic study

of the cells of different shrubs to find reasons for

the quick starting cuttings from those that start

slower. To find out which shrubs were the easiest

to propagate under favcrable circumstances.

I collected about forty different kinds

of shrubs on the campus belonsing to ten different

families of which ahout thirty were native and

fifteen were foreifn. These were collected in the
Winter term when snow was on the ground. I cut
them in short cuttings from three to seven inches
long, leaving at least two buds on eack cutting.
I ccunted each variety and species and tied trem
in separate bundles, carefully labelling each
bundle, and then buried them in the earth under
cold frames about three inches deep to allow the
cuttings to callcus. They remained in this condi-
tion until tne spring term and as scon as the ground
cculd be tilled, they were planted in a plot especi-
ally prepared for this purpose. The soil was some-
what diversified, ranging from a black loam to a
clay loam. The cuttings were put in by using a
spade, making a deep narrow hole in the ground.
The cuttines were placed in this trench
tops were ahove ground. I used stakes between each

different variety indicating the genus, species and
—u4u-~

number of cuttings. The rows were eight inches apart

and cuttings an inch epart in the row. The rows

were mede north and scuth so the sun would reach

every part or the cutting during the day. I could

not arrange to put these cuttings in all at the

same time but put them in different days, alwavs

keeping the date of planting (see table) so I could

tell approximately what difference there was in

their period of frowth.

I cultivated them frequently and took

Observations of the first foliase, of each individ-

ual species, also the weather and the number that

started to grow. On a separate chart is the entire

data of the work.

The result of the work was fairly satis-

factory, the season, however, was not very favore

able for the food growth of of shrubs. I found

cut by Observation that if ~[ had planted the cuttings
Ba sade ln ny - - $e UT *: \ 4 .. . -: aw de TL - gt an.
Tartrer avert in trea row end tne rows Qrul. aviary

crovded cGndaition of the cuttines wren thoy started
LO prow. Bac form.cr vor: oy prominent herticultural-
fats cailed for this closeness in the row, for the
reason wat when tlhe suribs grov to mecuirity, they
Will tate On @ mcre svranetric:.1l arpearance. In this
case tn2 eloseness or the cuttines crowded out t
Weaker ones anda I did not cet as many mature snrubs
and sureély noc as svmietrical,

1 made some miecrosecpic study of tnese
shrubs aid found that t.e fast growin; cnes, which
were usually tne soft wocded ones, had larger cell
cOntents and the protoplasm nore active than in the
nard wooded sorvs. These cbsearvations were made,
however, during their most active frowth,. The
cuttings er hard wood taxe an indefinite Lenicth of

time to prepacate owing: Lerygely to this rgascn, in

*
~-§--

comparison to soft woodaiplants whicn pronarate verv

Treely under prover conditions of heet, ~oisture
JY $ t 2

and cultivation.

sre climate of s*.rubs is almost as immor-

tant a factor as their beauty. For instance, in

reading over sone of Professor Crozier's works

+ + 1- asay 4 4. ‘ , 4 4 1. od 4% 4 7 s |
On tre sunject, ne cites tre fact that snrubs Like

verees and flcwers, ara very chanceabdle and that each

sears srould te acelimeted fron tre native flora

‘ Ve yaaa vy Y “ . ro 4 7 + e
pefcre mvel: could te exrected cf it as arn ornanen-

tal plant.

Irn tne foilowine ta

é 4

ple 3s civen tre date

)

of plantine, soil ard date of first aprearance of

ruds and another dete of tne foliace. The common

names are those that IJ have fond to he used hv the

best hoteanists. In some cases it will he noticed

tiet none of tre srecies crew to maturity and pnerti-
wn we 7. we

ecularly some of those shrubs that are the easiest to

propa;;ate, although they budded and appeared to be

doing finely at tre start.
Tohble of dates

oo power eee sss """""To, of Date of ~' ” OE
Botanical Name.' Common Name  yplants _ "planting odd
’ “er eet

g
Cornus arhorium'Tree Jog Wcod, &6 ‘Ayr e12, "Ol: Sandy !
t ' ' ! Loam
t ' ’ g y
Berberis vulja-'Barhberry ,Com- , ' ' !
ris ; Lirin "10N. ' 6&0 1 if 1" tf os tt ?
f ' t t
Cornus stclen- 'Native Noge-  , ' " 1Clay '
ifcra Michx iwood , 6&9 run ' Lo0an '
’ ' t ! ?
Spiraea tri- 'three lobed , ' '
lobata jh. 'Spliraca , 105 rm TS wr wR '
f ' t t q
Salix laura- ‘Laurel leaved , ' t '
folia L. rwillow , LOS 1 won rs '
1 ' t ’ f
Lonicera sem- «Scarlet Trum-, '
pervirens JL. ‘pet Honey -. 90 rr oon mr won '
'Suckle ' ' ' 1
t ' t t '
Derville 1Wative Yellow, ' '
sessilifolia (Flowering ' t Sandy '
Buck ('Weigelia , GO , wn mot loan !
' t a !
Salix alba ‘Silver leaved. ! ' '
arsentae lie (Willow ' B55 , it no, ow "" '
1 ' t ! t
Elaearnius multi: Japanese , ’ '
flora Thurib + Olive ' 135 , tt n 1 " 1
? ' t ' i
Ribes aureun ‘Yellow Flowers ' ' '
Pursh. ‘ing Current , 50 1 won "row" '
f t ' '
Philadelphus 1Willow Leaved, ;
Salsifolia ‘Mock Orange , 60 , mom " +J,oam '
i ’ ’ ! t
Spiraea Thunber: Thumbergii ' ' '
gii Sieb ' Spiraea , L100 rH 15 Ws '
t ' t t 1
Hydranj,ea pan- :Cormon White ' ' 1
culata grand- | Hydranjea , 80 y woo moron '
iflora Sieb ' '
' 1 ' !
Priiladelpnus ‘Golden Leaved , ! '
coronariis Mock Orange , 45 /_ wor " 'Clay loam
Toliis aureis |. ' f
Hort 3 I ' '
. , : i t
Populus alba mSilver Poplar, 26 ro moon moon no4
t 1 ' t f
nerberis vulga-" ' '
ris foliis pu- +Purple Leaved ' t '
rpureis Hort "Rarberry ' 120 romon notion not
 

Arril 22,

April 22,

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Foliage

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Table of dates

 

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Botanical Name * Coren Neine 'rlants "planting "Soil
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t t
Caragana 'Siberian Fea ! ' !
arborescens Lan! Tree ' 60 tArril 15 'Clay
, ' ' 1 loan
1 t ! q
Spiraea Van 'Van Houttei t ' '
Houttei Birot 'Spiraea r 55 sow L5'O1' Clay
t t f '
Exocnoraa pran-' ' t'Black
diflora Lindi 'Pearl Busn ' 70 fo" " m loan
’ ' t i
Crdonia jarcn- ! ' '
ica Pers. 'Japanese Quince 110 rN a
1 ' 1 ’
Li;ustrum oval-' California '
ifolium Hort. 'Privet ' 98 ym vt
1 ! i t
Spiraea panicu-' Pink flowered ! '
lata rosa JL. ! Sciraea ' 75 ; on" oN Ab Cay
’ ' tr loan
Spiraea salici-' Willow leaved ! !
folia Hh. 'Spiraea r 56 » on re
q ’ \ ?
Sspirasa pruni- ! ’ '
folia flore 'Plumn Leaved ' '
pleno Hert. ' Spiraea 1 70 sees
! 1 { f ’
Forsythia vir- ! Not
idissima Lindi.Golden Bell. fF 107 ; oN " 1 Clay
t y q ?
Priladelphus 'Garland ' ’
Coronairus L. !' Syringe 6 545 ro" "Nr
! q ? t
Ligustrun vul- ! ' ’ i
cere Hort. 'Cormon Privet ' 65 row 1g "
’ t t
Philadelirpnus ’ ' ; '
mrandiflorus ’ '!Lar-e flover- * '
Foribundus fing Syrinpa 1 956 a
Buckl ' ’ '
? ' 5 ’
Diervilla ‘White flower- ! ' ’1Black
Cerdida Buckl ‘ing Weigela ' 70 row. "or loam
t { t !
Forysthis 'Weepin;s Golden! ' ’
suspensa Vurl ' Rell. ' 75 1 won mr "
t t ’ ?
Niervilla tri- 'EFeriy, YPlower- ! ' Clay
ida Moench tans Weigelia ' 62 r wf "or Joan
q t ’

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ef varieties.

 

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17,

 

i Weather
Mfumber crew "rain, e
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1 44 ' Fair
! ‘
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1 18 n
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tr 245 ' Cloudy
! {
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’ ' Snow
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Botanical Nene * Cormon Fane ‘slants 'plantins 'Seil

! g ’
Diervilla rosa tRose Flowering! ' '
Bue xl] tWeircella t 135 tApr. 12'OL Roam
,

 

Wistaria chin- 'QCninese Wista-t ! tRlack
ensis nD. Cc, tria ' 35 1 22'O1' loam
’ t t g
Lonicera tat- '!Tertarian ! ! t
tarica eT Honersuestde ' 56 0 th

 

= = we eo Trl Tee 2
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THoliare

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Started to Grow'arvreared
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Jas 22°49)

 

 
MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES

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