we Le lalate cine Re Te THESIS Feeding Pias Geo. Severance, ife78), | a a eS te ae -HESIS a ST SR nena gene eee wee so ‘, Yo 2,4 wd ¢ THESIS. EXPERIMENT IN FERDING PIGS. ee, BY George Severance, ‘Ol, —— be Michigan Agricultural College. THESIS > e ay ” . & Onject of Bx erinent,. It is pmerelly conceded that corn is cificiert in muscleforming elenerts but ruen fewer feeders recornize the fact tnat com is so deficient in Done malting eleanents that its Long continied use without beine balanced by seme muscle end bone mein, f2eds will result in very weak bones. Purtiue more, the comrarative cheepness of corn 4&3 a@ create: reticn induces many feeders to overlook its defictencies, even in the feeding of breedin,; stock in which ¢ced developnent of hone maa 2 bead and muscle is ahsolutely essential te fre hichest suceeass in breeding, @und by its excessive use weaken their herds and flocks far more thm tnerv realize. To demonstrate, if possible, the rwarked dnreriority of corm fo @ balanced ration for vroducticn of bone ard muscle, it was deternined to conduct an experinent duowhich cre Tot Of pigs would ve fed a pure corn ration énd another lot a b.l- eneed ration and results compared; then to determine whether Or net tre bone mexin: elements might he surnpliied at altniwost no cost by the addition of wood ashes, another Lot wes Ted &. cern ration with a continvel swerly of ashes in addition ard results comared with resuits of other retions, The plan of the experinent in deteil was as follows: 1. Selection and arranvenest of feeding stoc!:. A thrifty, even litter of eizht pigs, five berrows and three SOvS, Was selected to experiment on, The pirs Vere a cress between o« Peonrorth sow and a Duroc Jersey boar and sieved Meny O2 27 4 be L wi ww to characteristics of eve: nerent, Witn the excerticn or one vwerrow, No. 158, which wes a sauere, blocky hos, ther vere considerapl. more dnclined to te longhodied, Lonnosed, and Longlerpeed than the Duroc Jerse: sire, walile on tiie other hand they were much blockier than a typical Tarworth,. The pigs were divided into four Lots oF two each and the Lots numbered I, II, IIJ,and IVY with eech pig numtered with an ear label. Nos. 95 and 179, LotlI; Mos. 15% and 153, Lot II, ane Mo, 141, Lot IVY were barrovs; Nos. oF erd 1459, Loft ITILT3; and No. 176, Lot IVY were sovs, It was hoped that the weakness of the expertinea:t due to limited nunbers perritting individuelity to play an important part would he pertly overcene hy feedin: pigs Fron the same Litter, as they weuird te more apt to have like inherent tendencies in strenvth of constitution ane sariv maturing and Teedin.,: quelities. At the time of co:r.encing thea experiment, Jan. “0, the pigs were 163 days old and in oO0d healthy growing condition, rearing in weight fron SP to 117 lbs. 2. Ceneral conditions, With tne exception of the last seventeen days when the pigs were kept in & barn, they were kept durins ‘tlhe entire length of the axperiment in ¢rassless pacdocks 106 bv 40 ft. Jn size sloving, to the south. Each padiock wis provided with # swell cot made of matched lumber and yp rovided with a floor, All. the piss were allowed free access to the soil, 5 Feediny; and care. Previous to the openinjy, of the experiment the pigs had been kept tovetrer in one of these paddocks and Ted abcut tnree fourths bust.el of ear corn ard thirty-five pounds cof seperétor skii, rniik deily. January 16th trev were diviced into four lots as hefore indiceted, and as fracvally as possible in four day's time they were chanjed to the experimental raticns,. Following are the rations fed curing, the exrerinent: 20% Ie-Ccorn liecle Lot TI-+Corn meel, «shes in side hox, Tot ril-=-Three parts cern i.ec01 plus eight parts niddiings by weight, plus ashes, first eight weets, Cne part corn real plus two parts middlin:is by weight plus ashes, follcving tyventy-seven Weeks. Five parts corn meel plus eight parts micclings by welent ylus ashes the remainder of the exrnerilnent, "0% Ive- Tixactly the same as Lot ITI with the acdition of what clover héy and sugar beets the pigs would eat oO Guring the first five montis of the experinent, AlL the yigs were furnished with salt and wera vatered déily. Whey were fed three tines per dav the first helf cf the exa-erinent and twice per day the last half, feeding at tre sene time eech dav as rearlv as possitle. All srein was ground and moistened with water. The feed was not weighed out, each meal but was measured out as feeders ordinarily neasure + out and the auentity varied whenever the avpetites of the pigs seemed to derand a changes 4. Redorcs. Tne pics were Weighed individucllyvy every two weeks fron January 20 to July «= «ap oe =. TS FS —@ _-—_ ry ~ > — ih... 2. ~7Ororerrr ~~ 2 aD. a a D * Wei ht 1O¢ 123 138 Lot II. npr ret cee reer nae tg 24 --- -- —--- --- = --- + --- Gain L2 1A 1). L58 G7 99 * Wei: ht Lal quia“ <> 2 «2 «<= -—D> - D> “Cre = @. @. «aw -» “tf Dap am a sD aD ——e Oe. >a —@ ———— @® ©] —h-=s-@ oO we ~~ > ii wi. ib 2a. - Jo e 20 17 3 3 * Jéille Feds Feb. Mar. Date Tag i 17 136.5 are L “ 4 a to 15.5 sy fa L5 —_ <> ae ap + s } Li 237 18 L6 18 179 197 270 400 418 a aD aD a. ~~. D-DD om -oP .- —aAip—aap 177 208 2483 534 400 26 10 27 Apre 28 June 23 July 7 Totals Nov, Nov, Mey - 0% IUL. _ <-> tiie ati — ee a pt et rms step ert t st tee r r Tag, Not O4 ' 159 ' ’ t ' ? t — rn ee r----- a ee t Dete * 115 ' Gain © Weissht * Gain "Corn Meal'Middlines 9 9 g 9 8 ? rn repr porn rrr a r - gan.2O? 115 t ’ 94 ’ ’ ’ 9 g ? e g 9 Fep.d * 128 t 13 * 106.5 !? 12.5 ! 35.5 8 G5 9 g g ? 9 ? Feb.17¥ 140,5 ! 12.9 %' 220 ® 15,65 * 30 * 39,5 q ? ? 9 g ? Mar.3 * 157 8 16.5 *" 153,5 ' 13.5 " 39 1102.5 ? 9 g g g t Mar .l7* 1649,5 ! 12.5 * 148,5 * 15 ' 43 "114 9 g 9 ? ? ? Mar.d5l1* 189 ’ 19.5 * 165 ’ 16.5 !°* 55.5 1.07 8 g ? ? 9 ? Apr.i4* 203 ’ 14 * 177 ’ 12 ' 57 7.13.5 9 8 ? g g g Apr.28" 222 ' 19 * 193 ¢ 16 t 59.5 #119 g 9 ? ? e - May 12" 2537 ’ 15 * 208.5 °% 15.5 ! 63 7125 e ? g g e g way 26" 254 ° 17 ' 223 ’ 14.5 ! 65 #130 . ? g 9 ? g ? June 9% 270 ’ 16 , 229 ’ 6 ' 65 "2.31 e g g ? g v 6235! 295 , 23 ' 251 ’ De , 69 *7.38 g g ? ? ? g July 7* 316 e 20 * 275 ' 24 ’ 73 "1.46 9 g ? e ? 9 Sep. 1' 378 , 62 ' 335 ' 60 + 299 1597 9 ? 9 g ? g Nov.10* 454 ® 76 * 4121 ' 76 * 346 *589 g g g e g ? Nov.c7* 485 ’ 31 * 429 ’ 18 * #113 "182 ? ? 9 v ? 9 Totals? * 370 ’ * 335 * 1433.5 2778.5 e 9 9 9 e 9 ? 9 ? 9 ? ? -—-_ Lot IV. -_—rr mF - - - 7 re | T 4457 “F _ Tey, MNo.'! 141 ' 176 t t ! ? ? t 9 g t 8 I I aa i Y Tr ~ Date "Weight * Gain 'Weisht * Gain 'Corm "Midd=-"Beets'Clover ' ? ' ‘ ' Meal ‘lines’ ' Has 7” sn ¥~ En “¥ ' a a = Jan. 20° 82 ' ‘ 117 +? ' t ' ' ? ? 8 8 9 ? ? ? Feb. 32 #106 ’ 24 * 129,5' 12,5 " 43 ‘sg t't 4,5 * & g 0 g e g g g ? Fehb.17 *113 s 7 * 140 ' 10.5 * 2&7 1 7B982205 ' 35 t ? ? 9 e ? g g Mar.3 131.5 ! 18.5 * 255.5' 15.5 * 36 ' 96 %'24 tr 4 e 8 g 3 8 t ? 8 Mar.l17 '142,.5 ! 1i ' 167 '311.5 * 37 * 99,5'30.5 ' § 9 g g ? ? ? g ? Mreol £150 ¢ 17.5 * 3289,5' 22,5 $'% 49 —* 98 34.5 'F Bh e 9 ? g 8 t ’ e Apr.14 '180,5 * 20.8 * 206 ' 16.5 ¢* 5&F "21206 8395 Fl g g e ? ? ? g ? Anr.£8 %203 ' Deed § 2A9 * BS ' 60 "Tel «844 ' 5,5 ? 9 9 g g g e g May 12 219 ’ 16 * 250 * 21 ' 61 "W2). %'42 ' 3.5 g ? ? q 9 ? ? ? May 26 "245.5 °* 26.0 § 232 % 12 * 65 "1210S Be 1 4 g 8 t e ? ? t g June 9 '254 ’ §.5 © 2735 ' Ll ' 65 127) 0 FHT DU OBS g ? ? t g ? 9 ? w 23 '290 ' Of * 296 * 2d * 69 *"138 86138 t g ? g e e t e % July 7 '304 ’ 14 * 316 * 20 ' 73 "147 43 ' ? g g g ? 9 t ? Septel "571 ' O07 * 364 *' 66 ' 302 604 "29 , 5, ? 9 e g ? 8 g t Nove. 10%455 , 64 ' 453 !' 79 * 357 "572 « $ e 9 ? ? 8 9 ? ’ YWov. 779447 ’ 12 ' 473 ' 10 * 113 "1E2 ~«! ' ? ? 9 g g ? e ? Totals ! r+ $355 ’ #356 71401 2710 t455 #45 g 9 ? ? 9 t ? g Perhaps one of the first things noticed in the ibove table by one not accustomed to keeping accurate acccunts of cains of live stock is the irregularity of gain from week to week by each pige It is seen that a given amount of feed will vary considerably in tne amount of pork it produces during different periods of equal length when fed to the same lot cf pigs. The minor variations seem to be due to slight chanype,; in the weather or other conditions over which the feeder res no control, or the effects of which he cannot entirely over- cone by artificial means. The more marxed variations, however, are usually traceable to causes Over which tne feeder has direct control, For exemple, during the two weexs from March 3rd to March 17th, Lot I vained seventeen pounds as compared 40 31.5 pounds gained tne precedinji two werks, The decreésed cain in this ceése was due to throwing the pigs orf feed by over~-feediny; with the clear corn meal. The sane cause Operated on the same lot during tne two weeks from Mav 25th to June 9th, wren No. 179 would eat very little for two Or three days. These observations illustrate two important facts. First, that & great deal of feed mav easily be thrown away by a little carelessness in feeding. Second, tnat it is much harder to keep an aninal feeding well when confined to a sin;le unbalanced ration than when civen a variety. (No other lot went off feed. Lot I had ncthing but corn meal. Lot II had corn meal with an addition of ashes, and the others had a balanced ration.) . Another verv noticeable result shown by the above table is that the lots fed corm meal as a grain ration made “~~ LO prectically es ravid gains up to September 1, as those that riven @ well balanced ration but for the next ten weeks there was a decided felling off in gain by all the corn fed yifs. Nuring a consicerable rart of this lest period they were nct. eager Tor their feed. This simply ermhesizes the inmortence of & balanced ration for yvrowins pigs if fed for a lom; tine but that for & cormaratively short period the balenced ration may be ijnored, The greatly increased cein by the corn fed rigs during the last seventeen davs of the exveriment wes due to changyed conditions. ovemher 10 the pigs were moved into a comuratively warm barn, washed in buttermilk and zenoleun, and allowed to remain in the barn the remainins seventeen the following, table shows the ancunt of feed revuir- ed and tre cost yer pound of vain for the total period and for shorter periods as indicated in the table, Corn rneel is reckoned at £16 per ton, midelings at S15 per ton, clover hav at G6 per tongand sugar beets at $4 per ton. vr rable II. Ot. I. a nn ee i 8 nn ne ge ee ne ene ee ee 'Pounds 'Cost rer Tcorn per tlh, gain --—_ Periods a ane nnn nee eee EIT ist & weeks, Jan. 20--Mer. 17, * 65,87 "2.69 cents q g end 8 wees, har. 17--lay le, r 6,44 4.26 " , t Sra 8 Weeks, May 12--July 7, * 4,84 t4,57 " ’ v 4th 8&8 weeks, July 7--Sept. 1, ' 6.601 1482 ¥ ? f 10 welts, Sept. l--Nov. 10, ' 10,02 ™B.02 " ’ 8 L? devs, Tove LO-=Neve. 27, ' 7635 5.72 " ? % o2 Weeks, Jan. 20-~-Sent. l, 9579 "4.62 " 8 JAN, 2O—-1OVe 2%, ' 6.47 5,18" t 2 =i of eo > @ GF Bw oe ee ee 8 Oe ee eee el iw Re ee ee ee jd }-? Come Lot, Il. qe -@& &- 42—-S & &- aL fS.& =.s .@ =~ |. - a na @ @ @-e- @ FB &- 2 -@ & & @& G8 ef & &. & &. Se ee & & & a, MPouncs corn'*Cost per featen per 'Lh, gain Periods th. cain ? ee ee eee eee ee ane nae ii ile eee _ lst 8 weeks, Jan. 20--Mar. 1, ' 5,45 t 4,35 cente t ? end G weeks, Mar. 17--Mev 12, ® 5.02 " 4,01 " tf e ord 8 weeks, May JaA--July 7, 5.85 4.68 " 8 a 4th 8 weeks, July 7--Sept. 1, ' 5.82 14,85 ? 8 10 weeks, Sevt. 1--Nov. 10, ' 8.40 mr a.08 " 9 8 17 davs, Nov. 10--Nev. 27, 3,44 "6.75 " ’ ' 52 weeks, Jan. 20, Sept. 1; * 6,55 t Ay ? e Jan. 20--Nov. 27, " 6.15 4,92 9 t Lot III. aan ne ee we ee ~> pn a eg pare ‘Pounds ‘Pounds "Cost per "corn - 'middlinss "lb. jain "exten ‘per Lb, ' per abe ‘rain ' Periods ' ____.-F ween ON fee Jst 8 weeks, Jan,°O--Mar,1, ' 1.37 * 3.65 13.83 cents ? g 9 end 8 weexs, Nar. 17--May 127, ' 1.64 ' 3.64 14.19 " 9 g 8 ord & weeks, Mev 1l2--July 7 ' 6.220 * 3.75 "4.6 " . t ? 9 4th 8 weeks,July 7--Sert. 1 ' 2,45 1 4,89 15.68 " 9 9 9 10 weeks, Sevt. ]--Nov. 10, ' 2.41 * 3,08 1453 " ? ’ 9 17 days, Nov. 1O--Nov. 27, t 2.01 ‘5.71 4,65 " ? g 8 52 weeks, Jun. 20-~Sert. 1, ' 1.89 ' 3.96 14.50 tt 8 g ? Jan. 20--Nov. 27, ' 2.05 3.94 14,58 " -_ a & & se. &@ wee @ Fe ewe fF BF &S- Fe @ fF 2 fF] SPS DS SF SS - LO t, ‘Pounds * Pounds *Pounds’ Mounds? Cost Tidel—-troots fear rr, ’ 'eaten tas Ps. ? per a a Pe riocs Mice ie ? Ist & wxs,Jan.cO-lIfar.l7 1. ? end 8 wks.,ltier L7liey 12 '1.,41 ' Srdq 8 wks.,leyv leeJuly 7 '1.,79 ? 4% O wWis.,dJuly 7-Sap Peet ff LO wits., Sept.l-lNov, 10 '%'2,50 ? 7 daysSyNov,. 10-Nov., 27 '5,14 t 9 JAN ca on e Oe > | 92 WEES. Jane 20-Sent.l Cd ' 1.94 aT - fy ayOV e Cle ly O— ewe — D o - eOe - - - -O- -e e - OD e . ® - D 1 teed ? t aad Me. ? 12.485 ' 3.60 ' OL "4,47 ’ t rw err ewe ree ee ~~ r* eeawsa fo wo aoe we wwe~- + tolover'’ Moers Loft hav m4 ~~ Lo* ain 1.00 s) be 8 oP) ? 2 3 t g 9 9 g g t q t ? q ? g g 9 ? 9 ’ ein }) Er ai. iw vor 1lo?® ig: in ' o——e—rCewrrrnwwne ect t oO, eeits 9 elO ' De tO t ? O05 4,22 " ? 20” ' heel " ? g 890 " t "LO.oL " 9 O09 * 4.17 " ? O07 't4 he " ——> ee a a ap oe. a.

o- 1 5 77 - r - e proper succvlenee ana bulx in Feedins. Another principle of fTescing illustrated fn to.s above tuple Js that the cost cf gnin inereases as the Leraigtr of che feeding period inersuses, The cise Vas not inveriah te ° «& ary. lo™/, . . se ‘ya ~ . ae | ea . 4 . : woe . o at ous Dis .2nerael tendency Was upward so that the averace ecnt = 6 -—~ we 27 cP fJ- ww mat o - wh wos: AS ~ ot on are we re oe . oer Lb. for tne whiele period as shown in ~ yy 3 8 . ~.@o nN mms, a4 - , ~ fy . 4. *, .o v* ,- 4.’ ~ or ro a. - . duo every ease considerably ereater than Sor tee Tirst tywe Cpt ges 2. by oN, ok 2, ~ ve tte Veit ment Yeo. in the first Line. For the closin, pariod, ° ey = “7 7? ary res ee wae = -V W@r,ey> . : of: ~ . of ON fron Yov. 10 to Mov. 2", toere was a decreense in cont Of pedo irst tnrree lets but an e&bnormal inecresse in cont Or cain Tor Got IY. Tnese variations are relieved te be cvs ct 2) CS >~-+ 4 2 é é s ite ct _ wu a } i . ~ a2 ps oe. p-4 | wwsar: - Ya te te ee we oy . eqn 7. OF, 2. 400, anolLew) sna butvcer mills es vefore sta bead. An interssting vfaet seen in tha above table is the. While on the vnole the pigs Fed halonced raticns made consis erably cheaper galas tnan tne corn fed pigs, the corn ted J pigs made considerably the enaepest ceins during duly a: August, tne fro nottest months in the vear. Tl.is result see contrary to wnat would ce expected since fron the heatins 4 niture of corn it is bslieved to be ese oO ~- Ae «a! _ {oJ t 2 re Js wy ee “inter feedings. -. 9 as " | + - a Se te z ran ave . .: . isos Lroa their cots 45 cr bern and washdie ot Table III is *o snow the influence, if any, of i Table III | ee eee eer ro ¥ fg eo 'No. of * Live 'Nressed ' pig. * Weight "Weight 9 9 g ae mim a aan + ag gn Lot I fed pure corn neal * 95 "596 lbs. *310 lbs. 9 e e * 179 °435 lbs. '365 lbs. 8 e e Lot II fed corm meal and * 158 #397 lbs, '339 lbs. ? e ’ ashes * 153 *410 lbs. '358 lbs. e g e Let LILI fed corn ineal and’? 34 "471 lbs, *410 lbs, 9 9 0 middlings ' 159 ' ’ 8 g ? Lot IVY fed neal, middline-' 141 '246 Lbs. *'391 lbs. e g ? iS, suger beets,and * 176 "465 lis. *408 lbs. ? ] e clover hay — — -_ ee & & ff & & ~e Ss &S & ee oe: al -4 Ce tie different rwtions on various parts of tiie animal Lodr. 1.625 1bs'3.75 Lbs. '2.25 Lba.#10.5 lpe. 660 t t a> =P = &- @ GF te Se &S. fF Sf - S ee Se - 2 S&S oe b &. 2&2 > & ® — @ Oem Oem ee ES aaa Tee t eens eneieeaaas be rs S of dres-'Weight of'Liver tiuncs 'Intesti- "Pounds pres- sed welicght*® heart ' ' "nal fat ‘'sure required ‘ ' ‘ 'tO Drees § M1 ? — 9 g ees ae — g — 875 1.25 lbs.'3.5 lbs. '2 lbs. '6 lbs. ! ? e 9 2 g 83.95 "1.625 1bsi3.5 lbs, '1,875 1bst9.5 lbs, ' 462 a 9 8 OU e4)5 1, 25 1bs.*3, lbs. 1.375 Lbst8.75 lts.' 552 t 8 ? 8 37.39 11,75 lbs.'3.5 lbs. "1.625 lbs!8.25 lhs.* 402 9 9 t 9 ? 37 FS 1,625 1lbs!3.625 lbst2.25 1bs.'10.75 lb.t 414 g ? g t ? 9 e ? 9 t ? 9 g 87.65 "1,5 1ps.93.75 1bs.'2.25 lbs.'6.5 lbs. * g 9 g 8 17 Table IV is Table III reduced to béesis or 100 lbs. live weicht. Table IV. TT ~T~ eee v ¥ 9 "No. of "Heart * Liver * Lunes * Fat "Tis. oC ' ric ' ' ‘ * three: ‘ , ° ’ t ropene. ~ F a a ¥ a ] ~—— Lot I ' 893 551 1lbs'.3935 1lbs.*.562 1bs.'1.6585 lb. ? ? 8 ? : ? ' 179 — 0375 —CUw* FGBO5HCUY EAB] UF PB GES OM 706. ’ 2 e 9 ? : Lot I] 158 S515 8 8756 lCUhlhUhEL 4 UM IB BOS OF NTS ’ 9 ’ 9 ’ ’ ' 153 * 427 * #§.554 8 +'.396 " #892,012 "1 95 18 ' ’ ’ ’ 9 9 Lot III + 34 45d CUM O77 UM EKG UM UA RCE CUM UT GO ? ; ? e 9 ’ t * 159 , | g 8 ’ ’ ’ : ? ® ? ’ Lot IV 34). 4556 *.841 " t€.504 "* 873,457 8 ? ’ t t t ’ * 176 349 *.806 * ',.48353 " 42,262 " "142 +9 ’ 2 ? ’ e ? *? Tt wild re ueticed thet toe Mive veients given in Table ILI are less than those jiven don Teble I at to cicse a 4 7 a ~~ » le ee J. * “e A 2 ° € nw - . , 7; %. y ” ~ al ww 7 e 1- 4 * ‘a Or thea 2OGGLIS Oe with. 21:45 285 pecause the rigs were LLe Ga ~ weeks after the feeding trial closed during Which time they Wes =O Chicaryo and back and were under such edverse clreun- stences that thev lost flesh. It is feared that the high per cent dre sed wetght is dve to discrepeney oo eelolhts as tre Live aud dressed weisri. were faxen by cifrerent persons from difverent scales, bus’ &s I took neitrer the live yor the dre:vsed weights mrseif I @iuneble to say where the error, if anv, lies. In aetermining the relative strenpth of tones the inner metatarsél bone was used in eagh case. In breaving tne bones each end was piaced on a knive edge, an iron ring filed to have a very narrow bearing surface hung over the middle, a box susnenacd from tre ring, ond srell veiphts oYvaduarly added to the box till the bones broke, The welsh? OF the whole apparatus susj-ended from the bone was tacten es tie Weight required to bre:k the bone. Tie knife edves were Lirnly fixed at the sezce distance @part Tor eit ca pene nie bones phiced exactly the seme each time, and the rin nidway between the knife edces,. In regard to the influence of ciiferent rations n the per cet of dressed weight, size of vital orcens, ene aucunt of intestinal fat, the exreriment seems to give no satisfactory results, The per cents of dressed weight do not seer to favor either the pices fed a balenced raticn or those ws. 9e4- . tv ae, . -) +3 - | % - +, 7 .- e @. Pad cern rieai,. By consulting table IV ve find tint the pic 19 having the smallest heart, liver, and lungs is No, 165, & C corn fed pig, which is the result that would be exrvected. On the other hand we find that No. 155 hes the largest heart, and No. 95 tre largest liver and lungs, both com Ted pigs, Which result is directly opycsite to what would be exyected. In regard to tne strensth of tone, the pig having tre strongest bone, No. 176, and the pig: having the weakest hone, Noe “4, were both fed 011 béilanced rations. The bone of No. 158, a corn fed pig, Was practicaily as strong as that of No, 176. Unfortunately: the bones of only five pigs were secured. Consulting the cclumm of weights of intestinal fa‘, we see that the pig having tne most intestinal fat, No. St, and the one hevin; the least, No. 141, were both fed on balanced rations. On the whole, then, the experinent scens to prove nothing in regard to the points exhibited in Tables LIT aid IV, The accompanin,; photoyrarphs show longitudinal sections through the spinal column and cross sections just back Of shoulders and through the loins of No, 179, 158, 155, Ot, and 176. Through some misunderstanding with the butcher, we were unanple to secure photogrephs of cuts from ail tiie pigs. On the back Of each photogreph is the number of the pig and a statement of its feeding, Otherwise they cre self- explenatory. Thev illustrate the individuality of pigs cre than ther snow envthin: in rerard to the influence of rations. yy oe bo C oy er a General conclusions regarding the experiment. lL. The results of tne experiment decidedly favor veriet: and balance in feeding for econom . 2e In regard to influence of rations on per cent dressed weight, distritution of fat end lean, size of vital Organs, and strength of bone, so few pigs were used that individuality prevented securing, any decisive results, énd that no conclusions can be safely drawn one Way or the other fron this experiment, UN THA TN MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES Lia