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PROPOSED CLASSIFICATION OF PART OF THE ART OF HANDLING MATERIAL.

me=-QQ00-<-=

Thesis for the Degree of Civil Engineer.

Louis Martin Spencer.

1913.

B. Se, Michigan Agricultural College.

LL.B., LeDeMe, Georgetown University.
THESIS
PROPOSED CLASSIFICATION OF PART OF THE ART OF HANDLING MATERIAL.

Foreword concerning the principles upon which a classi-

fication for the use of the Patent Office should be based.

It is olear that any classification is good only in
so far as it subserves the purpose for which it was intended.
Nitro compounds are used both in medicine and in warfare, but
a classification of these compounds based on the needs of a
physician would be of little value from the viewpoint of an
army engineer. It is conoeivable that gatherings of people
may be classified acoording to number, or to the businesses of
the various individuals, or to complexion and race. Likewise
machines may be divided into groups that depend on number of
perts, or use, or motions involved. The data collected under
any one of these oriteria, no matter how admirable its arrange-
ment may be, is comperatively useless to one seeking informa-
tion relative to some other aspect of the seme gathering or
machine.

That classification is best the single groups of which
provide for the largest number of elements direotly bearing
on the purposes for which the groups are respectively intended.
For example, if it be assumed thet it is desirable to colleot
information concerning rotary cutting members, it will be better
to make one class the definition of which ia ro members es-
peolally adapted for outting, than to make several classes de-
signated Wood sawing, Metal sawing, Engraving, Grinding and
Polishing, eto. Indeed, it seems absolutely necessary to
adopt the former plan, otherwise machines for outting sub-
stances other than those named, es ice or meat, will be un-

classifiable in the rotary cutter group. The interrelationship

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wn Pao

of varieties of trees is better shown if data relative thereto
is arranged broadly under some leading principle, and then sub-
divided, if necessary, than would be the case if it were placed
according to a series of relatively less important characteris-
tios such as the shape of the root, the structure of the bark,
or the edging of the leaves.

DIFFICULTIES IN CLASSIFICATION OF "USEFUL ARTS".

It has been recognized from the beginning that there oan
be no such thing as classification without definition, yet in
the consideration of any group of material there is found striot-
ly definable matter and matter whioh may be said to be undefin-
able. This is especially true in the case of the “useful arts"
which may be regarded as made up of known matter and matter not
yet known. Not only sust an acoeptable Patent Office olassifi-
cation place all existing matter relating to the “useful arts"
in an orderly recognizable manner, but it must also provide for
the progress of the future which may take place along lines
wholly unthought of at the present time.

The manner in which the “useful arts" have developed in
itself contributes elements of difPfioulty:- Certain prinoiples run-
ning through the works of nature are recognizable and the apparent
deviations therefrom are usually explicable. At least it is known
that they follow natural laws. The normal mind acts along channels
conformable to principles of logic. But the abnormal mind submits
to no suoh limitations and pursues a course of its own without re-
gard to precedent or fear of result. The border lines between genius,
sanity and insanity oannot be readily traced. As Dryden says, "Great
wits are sure to madness near allied".

The Patent Office is a repository into which flow products
of minds of all types. Degree of utility is newer used as a check
a=

on the subject matter of invention otherwise than to insure
operativeness. And patents are oooasionally issued on in-
operative devices. Thus there may be in a single group a de-
soription of a pioneer invention, of one that violates every
principle of good design, and of an inoperative device.

After establishing the proposition that inventions should
be classified acoording to the claims contained therein, the
difficulties that beset the classifier of inventions are ad-
mirably suggested in an unsigned article contributed by Mr.
Eugene D. Sewall, Chief of the Classification Division of the
U. S. Patent Office, and published in House Document No. 1110,
68nd Congress, 3rd Session, page 588. “When claims scatter,
wander into irrelevant inoidentals, leave hiatuses here and
there, and scoumulate absolute exoresoenoces, the problems of
classification are made hard. Fortunately no classification
of the natural soiences has such problems to deal with. Mon-
sters of the animal kingdon ocour only in fairy tales. The
zoologist never has to classify combinations of birds, fishes,
reptiles and mammals, In the field of invention, legitimate
combinations of any known means may ocour, and any combination
or permutation whatever, normal or abnormal, among the infinite
number of possibilities may be presented to the olassifier.*

And on page 589, “a olassification of the useful arts
deals not only with complete organizations adapted to the final
ends of useful arts, but also with all parts and details of such
organizations down to the minutest element in its nicest refine-=
ment. Zoological and botanical olassifications deal with the
complete organisms, while the classification of the details of
these organisms are the bases of other soienoes. It will be
~4-

apparent, therefore, that the subjeot of olassifioation of use-
ful artes is of much greater numerical magnitude at least than
that of any of the biological sciences. . . «.« « .e« Perhaps
it will be perceived, also, how difficult it is to follow the
rules of logical division in a classification of inventions. The
products of sane and orderly thought governed by the recognized
laws of thought are probably susceptible of logical division; but
when, « « e« e« =the alleged invention has not been set forth in
accordance with the laws of thought that guided the inventor to
his goal, the path of the classifier is considerably befogged."
EXPEDIENTS IN CLASSIFICATION.

In order to provide for matter of both sorts = definable and
undefinable ~ it is customary to divide a group into a series of
classes the nature of which is definitely pointed eut, and another
class that is designed to receive everything not falling into the
defined classes. Similarly, each class is divided into defined and
"miscellaneous" subclasses.

A single patent frequently describes a plurality of inven-
tions that considered separately would fall into two or more
classes or subolasses. The extra inventions may consist in add-
ing something to the first, for example, attaching a conveyer
Plight to a special form of chain; or they may be wholly unre-
lated to it, as in the case of the structure of a press, and a
chemical compound in the manufacture of which it is used. In the
first instance there is a logical relation existing between the
twoe Conveyera include chains. Therefore a search for chains
must cover the class of conveyers, but a search for conveyers
need not include the class of chains. Thus it is proper to place
the patent in the conveyer class. In the second instance, how-

ever, the patent must be placed arbitrarily in presses and cross-
~5=

referenced to chemical compounds, or vice versa, It often ocours
that a series of patents are found each claiming two independent in-
ventions that are, respectively, of the same general character. For
the purpose of avoiding duplication it is advisable,in cases of this
sort to place all of them in one class ond insert in the other class
note = termed a "search note” - calling attention to their location.
PATENT LAW AS BASIS OF CLASSIFICATION.

A classification of the useful arts, in order to be of
maximum value to the Patent Office and to inventors, evidently
must be based on the law of patents. Since patents were not
recognized at common law the criterion or rule of classification
must be sought in the statute relative to patents as interpreted
by the courts.

The authority under whioh Congress has legislated in re-
spect to patents is found in Seo. 8 of Art. 1 of the Constitu-
tion. “The Congress shall have power .... +. « tO promote
the progress of soienoe and useful arts, by securing for limited
times to authors and inventors the exclusive right to their re-
spective writings and discoveries". See. 4886, Revised Statutes,
enacted pursuant to the above seotion of the Constitution, pro-
vides that:- "Any person who has invented or disoovered any new
and useful art, machine, manufacture or composition of matter,
or any new and useful improvement thereof ..... may « « e
obtain a patent therefor."

The thing upon which the patent is granted must be in-
vented or discovered ("discovered" is synonymous with “invented").
It must be new. It must be useful. The qualities necessary to
sustain a patent are therefore said to be novelty, utility and
invention. It follows that in these elements, taken singly or
abu

in combination, must be found the basis of any classification
that is to be of real value to the Patent Office.

Utility means usefulness - the capacity to perform the
function or accomplish the purpose for which the thing is in-
tended. That funotion, moreover, must be one approved by sound
public policy; but if the invention is designed and operative
for any good purpose the fact that it may be wed for an in-
moral purpose does not remove from it the protection otherwise
afforded by the patent law. Utility may be founded on beauty,
for beauty gives happiness, which is the ultimate object of all
effort, The thing covered by a patent may perform its funotion
extremely well or extremely poorly. It may be better or worse
than devices previously known.

Utility, then, is a quality inherent in the thing itself,
apart from and unaffected by every other thing. Ne arrangement
of the known arts will be of particular walue in the determina-
tion of the presence or absence of the quality of utility. The
analysis of all questions relating to utility rests on the funds-
mental laws of soience and mechanics and the dictates of sound
publio policy.

Novelty and invention, on the other hand, determine the
bearing of the prior art upon the question of patentability.
Novelty may be defined as newness as modified by statutory pro-
visions. Assuming utility to be present invention may be said
to be that quality which, added to novelty, confers patentability.

Actual novelty is a question of fact. The thing either did
or did not exist. For reasons of public policy, however, find-
ings in regard to actual novelty are made by statute, in some
instances, sot conclusive. These laws are based on the proposi-

tion that a thing in order to negative novelty must not only
-7~

exist but must be in a form adequate “to promote the progress
of science and the useful arts."

Applications filed in the Patent Office are confidential
and incapable as such of promoting the progress of the useful
arts. Those applications that become abandoned are not allowed,
therefore, to negative novelty in a later application covering
the same subject matter. Likewise things used in a foreign
country, but not patented or desoribed in a printed publioca-
tion, are considered inaccessible to citisens of the United
States, and have no bearing on the novelty of a later applica-
¢ion for the same subjeot matter by an independent inventor.

In all cases as in the instances cited, the lews that
modify actual novelty are independent of the nature of the thing
itself and relate only to certain forms of knowledge in respeot
thereto... Their effeot is merely to exclude the partiouler
forms of knowledge from consideration. From the standpoint
of novelty olassification is concerned only in answering the
question, Did the thing exist at the time the application was
filed?

Novelty rests upon identity. From the definition of new-
ness it follows that similar things do not negative novelty.

The thing itself must have existed. However, a thing may possess
both novelty and utility and yet not be patentable for the
reason that it dees not involve invention.

The word invention has probably never been exactly de-
fined. Indeed, it is the opinion of the Supreme Court that it
is inoapable of being defined. In the case of MoClain v. Ort-
mayer, 141 U.S., 427, Mr. Justice Brown said "The truth is that
the word (invention) cannot be defined in such manner as to af-
ford any substantial aid in determining whether a particular de-
-8-

vice involves an exeroise of the inventive faculty or not. In
a given case we may be able to say that there is present in-
ventien of a very high order. In another we can see that there
is lacking that impalpable something which distinguishes in-
vention from simple. mechanical skill. Oourts, adopting fized
principles as a guide, have by a process of exclusion detern-
ined that certain variations in old devices do or do not in-
volve invention; but whether the variation relied upon in a
pertiocular case is anything more than mechanical skill is a
question which cannot be answered by employing the test of
any general definition."

There is no affirmative rule whereby the presenee or
absence of invention may be determined in every case. There
are, however, negative rules that are of great aid in solving
the problem. These rules are numerous and cover a variety of
phases of the subject, but the one that is of primary importance
from the standpoint of the olassifier is that relating to analo-
gous use. Briefly, the doctrine of analogous or double use is
that “it ia not invention to use an old process, machine, manu-
facture, composition of matter, or design, for a new and analo-
gous purpose.” (Walker on Patents, Sec. 38). An examination
of some of the cases, which number at least one hundred and
fifty, wherein the dootrine has been successfully or unsuoc-
cessfully invoked will serve to indicate more precisely its
meaning.

Tuoker v. Spaulding, 15 Wallace, 543, involved a patent
covering a cliroular disk with removable saw teeth. A oiroular
disk with removable outters for the purpose of outting tongues
and grooves was old. The Supreme Court held that if cutting
=a9=

tongues and grooves was in its neture the same as sawing, then
the combination was only a double use of the old invention and
not patentable.

In Brown v. Piper, 91 U.S., 37, the Supreme Court held
that a patent for an apparatus for preserving fish was void in
view of the fact that the structure was old in an ice-cream
freeser.

The same court in Pennsylvania R. R. Co. ve Truok Co.,
110 U.S., 494, decided thet it did net amount to invention to
use in a locomotive a centrifugal-foroce-compensating truck that
had previously been used in cars.

The leading English cases on the subject are Crane v.
Price, 1 Webster Pat. Cas., 393, Bush v. Foz, 5 H. Le. Cases, 707,
Brook v. Ashton, 27 Law Journal (NS) Q.B., 45, and Harwood v.
Great-Northern Ry. Oo., 11 H.L. Cas., 654.

The House of Lerds held in Bush v. Fox that a patent for
@ caisson constructed with successive chambers “in such menner
that the work people may be supplied with compressed air and be
able to raise the material exoavated and to make and construct
foundations" under water was void because the same sort of a de-
vice had been used on land.

In Brook v. Ashton the Court of Queen's Bench held that
no invention was involved in using for the purpose of finishing
yarns of wool or hair a process previously used in finishing
yarna of cotton and linen.

A patent on the now almost universally used fish-plate
rail-joint was held by the House of Lords in Harwood vy. Great-
Northern Ry. Co. to be anticipated by a similar joint in a truss
member of a bridge.
 

 

 

 
@-10=-

On the other hand the Court of Common Pleas in Crane v.
Prioe upheld a patent for using anthracite instead of bituminous
coal with the hot blast in smelting iron ore, it being proven
that “the nature, properties and quality of the iron were better".
This decision rests upon the ground that a new metal or composi-
tion was formed.

In. Taylor, et al., v. Sawyer Spindle Co., 75 F. R., 301,

a U. S. Court of Appeals decided that a new combination of old
perts whereby spinning spindles were mounted so as to allow
greatly increased speed of revolution was not anticipated by
sinilar devices in centrifugal machines for drying sugar or
creaming milk, the object in the latter case being to prevent
jar due to the great weight of the machines.

The Supreme Court held in Potts v. Craeger, 155 U.S., 608,
thet the disintegrating of clay and the polishing of lumber were
not analogous uses.

The most noted late case on the subject ef double use is
that of Frederick R. Stearns and Company v. Russell, 85 Federel
Reporter, 250. It was there decided that a patent on a suction
tube designed and used for picking up and dipping pills in a bath
of gelatin was void in view of similar devices used in button
and paper feeding mechanisms. Mr. Justice Taft (Gurton, J., and
Severens, J., concurring) stated the law as follows: “It has
long been settled that a mere use or function is not the sub-
ject of a patent and also that the inventor of a machine is en-
titled to the benefit of all the uses to which it oan be put, no
matter whether he conceived the idea of the use or not. It would
seem to follow as a corollary to these two propositions that where
it requires substantially no change in the old device to adapt it
 

pe’:

 

 
-ll-

to the new use such adaptation cannet be the subjeot of a patent,
no matter how remote and unthought of the new use may be, pro-
vided no new force or mode of application be necessary in carry-
ing on such use. Otherwise in case the device has been patented
the right of monopoly of the prior patentee is invaded by ex-
oluding him from a use of a machine whioh by the rule stated

eo « « © « « he is exclusively entitled to enjoy. If, however,
the adaptation of the eld machine to the new use involves a
change in its form or operation, it may by the changes and the
very newness of the use or function become either a new machine
or an improvement on the old machine and be patentable as such,
or the new machine may result in a new product which ig itself
patentable, or the use may be a step in a new and patentable
process."

In other cases a patent for a billiard cue rack has been
declared invalid in view of prior patents on dining tables and
bottle casters; a patent for a guide for metal-punching presses
has been held void over a feeder for a paper-perforating ma-
chine; and a patent for a concrete mixer has been held antici-
pated by the structure of a tea mixer.

It will be seen upon analysing the above cases that the
question of double use is determined by the “immediate, neoces-
sary, proximate, or as the logioian puts it, the ‘peculiar’
utility"of the industrial means,” as opposed to the ultimate
function, product or effeot. In Tucker v, Spaulding the pe-
culiar utility was the cutting of material; in Brown vy. Piper,
the transfer of heat; in Pennsylvania R. R. Co. vw. Truck Co.,
the overcoming of centrifugal force; in Bush v. Fox, the pene-
tration of fluent material; in Harwood v. Great Northern R. R.
 
-12-

Co., the joining of structural members; in Stearns v. Russell,
transportation; in the mixer case, agitation; and so on-

The relation of classification of the useful arts to the
principles of patent lew may be restated thus:- Olassification is
independent of utility (that is, usefulness, not specific use);
it must answer the question, Is the thing new?; and it must bring
together with the thing itself, or indicate the location of, such
other things as the doctrine of analogous use declares to be per=
tinent references. In other words, it must collect with the thing
itself, or refer to, all similar things having the same proximate
or necessary function, effect or product.

PRIMARY DIVISIONS OF THE "USEFUL ARTS".

The “useful arts” are made up of four statutory groups:
arts (processes), machines, manufactures (inoluding structures )
and compositions of matter. It might be presumed that these
statutory divisions would constitute broadly the most satisfaot-
ory grouping upon which to base a scheme of classification, but
in practice they are found to be inextricably intermingled. The
whole experience of the Office shows that a more desirable plan
is to base classification broadly on function and subdivide wherever
possible on structure.

The primary functional lines upon which the final classi-
fication is to be based may, as yet, be regarded as unoertain- It
is possible that the grouping and order finally adopted will be
closely akin to the following: (1) production, (2) life, (3)
material handling, (4) intelligence, (5) energy, and (6) structure.
It may be necessary to provide an additional miscellaneous group.

It is thought that these groups neither have been nor ever
will be accurately defined. Generally it may be said that in the
first group should be placed means the peculiar funotion of which
is the production of material things; that life should inolude
all means having some necessary relation to the care of living
organisms; that material handling should be ooncerned with the
handling of things without changing their form or nature; that
intelligence relates to the transfer of ideas from mind to mind;
that the group of energy should include both the development and
transfer of energy; and that structures ere statio things de-
signed for shelter, storage and support of matter.

MATERIAL HANDLING.
Material handling includes both the transportation and
fixing of material.

TRANSPORTATION.

Transportation may be defined as the moving of materials
or loads without changing their form or nature. This definition,
while serving to indicate generally the scope of the subject, is
manifestly inacourate for reason that it is broad enough to in-
clude mere adjustment. It is not to be understood that degree
of movement alone determines what is transportation. Moving a
car a foot along a railroad track is as clearly transportation
es moving it a mile. As a rule devices designed for adjustment
only if of one of the types commonly used to transport things
should be considered, according to the dootrine of proximate function,
to be within the art of transportation.

PRESENT LOCATION OF PATENTS.
The patents that fall within the art of transportation are
now found in two main groups, first, the classes ordinarily known
as transportation, for example, railways, conveyers and ships;
-14~

second, machine parts wherein the invention is not limited to the
group that inoludes the machine in connection with which they are
intended to be used, as is often the case in driers, washers,
rolling mills, nailing machines, printing presses, coating de-
vices, and so on, through nearly all of the classes in the Office.
The following outlines, clipped from the Manual of Classi-
fication of the Patent Office will show, for the most part, the
present location of classes and subclasses containing almost ex-
clusively matter falling into the art of transportation.
 

 

CLASS 9.- BOATS AND BUOYS.

-~15-

(See Definitions of Revised Classes.

S.o. Oil-distributers,
Safes,
9. Wreek-indicating.

22. Hoisting and lowering —
Detaching devices.

Rowlocks.

(XXII. )

}

/

| propulsion,

ng.

and furniture.
apparatus.

Swbclussces.

1. Boats — 17. Life-preservers —
' 6. Hnlleonstruction — "0. Garment,

6.5. Formers and framers, | IS. Mechanica

5. hlunting, (19. Self-inflati

3. Life-boats — | 11. Life-rafts —

j Inclosed, | 13 Mattress,

7. Seats and foet-supports, | 12. Ship parts

2. Sectional and folding. | |4. Life-saving

x. Buoys - 24. Oars--

8.3. [Murminating, 25. Bow-facing.

. Rafting and booming — |
‘Timber-couplings. |

. Swimming appliances. |

CLASS 10. -BOLT, NAIL, NUT, RIVET, AND SCREW

MAKING.

(KIIT.)

(See Definitions of Revised Classes.)

163. —
104,
106,
165.
i71,
178,

172.
173.
174,
175.
176.
| 177.
167.
168,
109.
| 170.

CLASS 16.—BUILDERS’ HARDWARE.

> 4.
164.

Subclasses.

162. Distributers and feeders—-
Agitated-chute,

Agitated-hopper,
Gripping feeding-jaws,
Inclined-chute,
Nail-plate—
Nippers
pieces,
Oscillating,
Reversing —
Geared—
Rack-and-pinion,
Seginental,
Strap-drive,
Reeiprocating-lifter,
Rotary-cylinder,
Rotary-disk,
Rotary-hopper.

and = nose-

Subclasses.

‘Casters—

Adjustable,

Antifriction-rollers—
Loose,

Pivoted,

Ball—
Antifriction-rollers,
Pivoted.

Leg-elevators-—
Frame,

Locked,

Pintle-retainers,

Spring.

Temporary.

Wheels.

(XX.) \

 

Subclasses.
24. Arch - Draw. -
26. <Abutments and = anchor- | 43. Horizontally-sliding—
ages, 44. Boat-operated,
25. Compound. 45. Lazy-tongs,
Combination - 42. Lift,
2. Truss and arch. 46. Locking devices,
74. Coverings. 49. Signals,
31. Draw-— 32. Swing--
47. Aprons, 34 Boat-operated,
Bascule- - 3. End supports and Jock-
36. Fixed-pivot - ing devices,
37. Hinged sections, 33 Hand or motor oper-
38. Rack-and-pinion, ated,
41. Locking devices, 27. Floating --
39. Non-pivoted — 28. Adjustable height.
40. Rack-and-pinion, 29. Draw—
48. Buffers, 30. Locking.
50. Gates-— 73. Floors.
Bridge-operated -- Gangways --
Displacement -—- 70. Endless conveyor.
54. Horizontally-slid- | 71 One end attached,
ing— 72. Unattached.
55. Locking, 17. Girder. v
56. Horizontally -swing- | 1. Miscellaneous.
ing— 75. Piers—
57. Locking, 7 Fenders,
58. Vertically-sliding— 77. Processes.
59. Locking, _ 18. Suspension. -
60. Vertically-swing- , 22. Cables and cable-clamps.
ing -- 19. Compound system,
61. Locking, 23. Constructive apparatus.
Shaft-rotation— 20. Simple system,
62. Horizontally - slid- | 21. Towers and anchors.
ing— | 3. Truss -
63. Locking. | 4. Arrangement---
64. Horizontally -swing- 5. Adjustable,
ing-— | 12. Both chords curved,
65. Locking. | 9. Bowstring --
66. Vertically-sliding— | 10. Adjustable.
67. Locking, | oe Cantilever- -
6X. Vertically-swing-' 8. Suspension,
ing. - 6. Deck,
69. Locking, | Il. Intermediate catenary,
Hand or motor oper- ' Details—
ated— 14, Connections,
dl. Horizontally - swing- | 15. End shoes,
ing, 16. Expansion devices,
52, Vertically-sliding, ' 13. Structure.
a3.

CLASS 14.- BRIDGES.

(IV.)

(See Definitions of Revised Classes. )

 

 

Vertically-swinging,

CLASS 13.--BRAKES AND GINS.

Subclasses.

12. Gin-feeders. ,

19. Pneumatic.

CLASS 17.--BUTCHERING.

Subclasses.
___- lee ee . a
30, Slaughtering, elevating, |
and suspending.

(KXV.)

{

 
 

 

.

-16-

 

 

 

 

CLASS 21.-CARRIAGES AND WAGONS. ! CLASS 34.—DRIERS. (XXXVI.
Subclasses. ; Subielarscs,
1. Absorbent. ' 24 Push-bar.
80. Ambulances and stretch- | 4). Seat-locks. 2, Baffles and screens. j 2th, Racks and stands.
ers. 42. Seats— 3. Condensers. | Reels »
2. Axle-boxes. 43. Shifting, Cylinder- _ oT. Skein,
4. Axle-skeins. 44. Spring. 4. External, | 2s. Tray-carrier,
5. Axles— | 45. Shifting-ralls. Internal ~ IY, Winding.
188. Cushioned lateral thrust, , 93. Short-turning gear. 5. Rotary horizontal, 30. Retort.
153. Rotary shaft or spindle, | 4. Sled-brakes. 6. Rotary inclined, 31. Rolis.
187. Spring-mounted skein or . 47. Sled-propellers. 7 Stationary horizontal, 32, Rotary disk.
spindle. | 48. Sleds— x, Stationary inclined, Shafts—
7. Bodies. | 94. Land, 9. Vertical. | 33. Inclined,
81. Boots and aprons. | 05. Shifting-thills, 10, Disk and hopper. 34. Vertical,
10. Brake-levers. 36. 9 Wheel-runners. 11. Elevator. 35. Zigzag.
8. Brakes— | 49. Spoke-sockets. 12. Endless carrier. 36. Shaft and cylinder.
9. Automatic, | ¥7. Spring-gear--- 13. Endless scraper. 37. Shaft and shelf.
82. Shoes. ; 998. Axle cruss, Floors-- 38. Shaking.
11. Carriage-irons. ! Jul, Lever, 14. Fixed, 39. Shelf and tray.
S85. Chafe-lrons. | luv. = Longitudinal, 15. Tilting-section. 40. Sliding rack.
12. Children’s carriages - Ys. Side-bar cruss. 16. Forms and platens. 41. Solar.
3. Folding, | SU. Springs— 17. Frames and trays. | 42. Spiral.
84. Stops. / 102. Bolster, 18. Heaters. | 43. Stirrers.
si. Chate-wagons. |; 105. Braces and equalizers. 19. Houses and kilns. ' 44. Trough and beater.
13. Clips. ' 103. Elliptic, 20, Lath and chain. | 45. Trough and screw.
14, Close carriages. | St. Platform, 21. Pans. Truck and rail.--
15. Dashboards. | 104, Shackles, 2°, Pan and boiler. ' 46. Horizontal.
125. Doors and windows. - $3. Torsion. 23. Pan and scraper. | 47. Inclined.
76. Draft-equalizers. | 54. Standards. 24. Processes. As. Web.
19. Drays. 55. Steps. ee --- Looe
20. Dumping-wagons. | 56. Sulkies.
21. End-gates. | 57. Thill-couplings —
87. Fellies and rims. 106. Antira(tlers,
23. Fenders. | 107. Jacks.
24. Fifth-wheels. 108. Thill-supports.
88. Hand-barrows. Tires—
74, Hay-racks. (110. Metallic.
26. Hearses. 63. Tongue-supports. .
27. Holdbacks. | 60. Top-Jjoints. CLASS 37.-EXCAVATING. (IV.;
75. Horse-detachers. _ Ol, Top-props. Subclasses.
28. Hose-carriages. ' 62. Tops. | E t
29. Hounds. | | 114. Traction-engines Dredeers — | 7 Wheel s-~
30. Hub-attaching devices. 124. Steppers. as An . sine a hee : a
89. Hub-caps. (4. Traction-wheels. _— - | — “mee
. e 14. Cliumshell - ND, Ate carrer
31. Hubs. | 65. Trucks— +0 Buckets . wee
32. King-bolts. | 121. Barrel, 13. Scouring — |
33. Lumber-wagons. 116. Brick, 36, ~ Hy inealic
90. Motor-vehicles. 122. Drying, ~ y ,
Mt as Excavators — | 40. Scoops -
77. Neck-yokes. 118. Elevating, . a Late
. 24. Chain and bucket — 54. Buckets,
36. Poles and shafts— 115. House-moving, : ; og
23. Buckets, 41 Railway <tle,
91. Convertible. 120. Implement, : » G
. 16. Dipper, | §. Scrapors--
92. Pole-tips. 117. ~—-Piano, . : oo
. 9. Hydraulic— 19.  Distant-power,
127. Rein-holders— 119. Water-barrel. 46 Pipe-supports =
132. Clamp, 68. Wheelbarrows. 47. Rotary head ’ |
133. Sp ring— Go. Wheels. 44, Steam vacuum,
134. Pivoted, 79. Whiffletree-hooks. - . . oy
. 45, Suction-pipe mouth-
135. Weighted, 78. Whiflletrees. pieces | 6. Self-loading carts -
136. Wheel. 129. Whip-sockets— , - 39 Carrier
128. Rein-supports. 130. Lock. | 33, Sevop,
39. Running-gear. 131. Whip-sockets and rein- | 25. Plow and carrier-— | 34. Wheel. _
40. Sand-bands. holders combined. | 48. Side-delivery plow, pe

CLASS 22.—METAL-FOUNDING.

(1XT.)

(See Definitions of Revised Classes.)

'57. Casting apparatus—
Metal holding aud pour- ,

Subclasses.

Carriers aud manipu-

|

TY.

ing—
SI, Ladles—
S4. Bottom-pour—
85. Internal-stopper,
82.

lators,
Hand,

Screw—
And carrier,

CLASS 27.—UNDERTAKING.
Subclasses.

(XX.)

2. Burlal apparatus-—-
3

46,

Grave-fillers,
Raising and lowering. ”
-l|7-

CLASS 43.—FISHING AND TRAPPING. (XXXVIII.)
Subclasses.

11. | Ovster-dredges.

CLASS 44._GAMES AND TOYS. (VI.)
Subclasses.

aT

72. Amusement elevators.

CLASS 48.-GAS. HEATING AND ILLUMINATING.
(ZKXI.)

‘(See Definitions of Revised Classes. )

Subclasses.

Generators —
Cupola—
SU. Chargers,

CLASS 49.—GLASS. (XV.)
(See Definitions of Revised Classes.)

Subclasses.
Annealing--
Furnaces—
Lay

Conveying.
| 62. Gathering and ladling.

CLASS 55.—-HARROWS AND DIGGERS. (I1.)

Subclasses.
r 2. Forks—
25. Adjustable heads,
2. Combined forks and
shovels,
27. Fodder-forks,
28. Potato forks and shov-

 

 

els—

‘79. Fulcrumed. ed
14. Shovels—
115. Attachments, .
147. Blades,

I 151. Fire,

116. © Handles, e
117, Sifting.

17. Stone gatherers.
18. Trausplanters—

| 68. Pivoted jaws,
70. Post-hole diggers—
71, Pivoted jaws,
60. Sliding jaws,
72.  Wheel-machines—
Tree-conveyers,
W heel-planters.

CLASS 56.—HARVESTERS. (V.)

- Subclasses,

Hay-loaders- -
Endless belts,

‘2. Intermittent; .

Hay-loaders—
3. Lifting-reels,
| 64. Walking-rakes.
Droppers— a
47. Direct-tilting,
49. Miscellaneous,
| 48. Opening and closing.
59. Side-delivery,
| 51. Swinging and tilting.

 

CLASS 57._-HOISTING. (IV.)
Subclasscs.
107 Bale and box hooks. | 129. Hoisting-gear.
2. Barrel-roliers. 126. Lewises.
12). Belt-stretchers — Lifters —
121. Rack-bar and pinion, 1M. Barrel and box,
122, Ratchet-bar and lever, 10. Pieture,
'123. Screw, 111. Spittoon,
124. Windlass. 112. Spool,
| 34. Block and tackle—— 118%.  Store-goods.
i 65. Differential pulleys. 15. Lifting-jacks-
22. Capstansandwindlasses— | 97. Barand cam-lever,
130. Automatic stops, 118. Heads,
; $2. Capstans, 43. Lever,

83. Drum and clutch,

S4. _Hand-crank operated,
5. Lever-operated, | 9a
Sb. Steam-winch,
Sj.  Sweep-operated,

o8, Lever, bar, and cluteh- |
loop.
Lever, bar, and double- |
acting pawls,
100. Lever, bar, and pawl,

kS. Wildcats, lol. = Lever and Llifting-bar,
89. Windlass with capstan. 125. Pushers, e |
37. Chutes— | 102. Rack-and-pinion, |

 

114. Counterweighted, 119. Rim-engaging devices,
}115. Equalizers. | 44. Screw. |
‘117. Floor-jacks. 116. Raising and lowering, au-
' 9. Grapples. tomatic check and re-

Hay-forks— lease. !
' $9. Corkscrew, ' 18. Skids. |
40. Grapple, ' 53. Stackers. !
_ 41. Harpoon, 19. Stamp-extractors .
- $2. Tilting. 102. Drum,
Li. Hay-slings. | 104. Lever,
' 13. Holsting-buckets. 105. Lever-and-drum,
127. Hoisting-hooks—- 106. Screw.
128. Releasing. - | 79. Wagon-raisoars.

CLASS 61. HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING. (IV.)

Nahelassces,

1. Aqueducts.

4. Canals--.
28. Gate-valves,
21. Lock-gates—
27. Bear-trap.
5. Chutes—
34. Water-power.

CLASS 75.--METALLURGY. (III.) _

 

 

Subclasses.
Furnaces — ~ ~

40,
189.
190.
191.
184,

5. Blast—

114. Charging devices—
115 Bell and hopper,
-18-

CLASS 79..-_BUTTON-MAKING. (XIII. ) CLASS 101.PRINTING. (XVIU.)
(See Definitions of Rey ised Classes.) Subclasses.
Subelisses. . 29. Deliveries—
—————--- - 30. <Associators,
17. Blank-feeders. | 31. Droppers,

32. Fly-frames,
33. Gripper-fliers,
34. Receiving-tables.

 

| 36. Feeding —
—- - 1... - oe oe : 37. Gages—
CLASS 8.—METAL-ROLLING. (XIII.) 38. Front stops,
39. Separators—
(See Definitions of Revised Classes. ) 40. Buckling,
Subclasses. | . woo
43. Feeding— . i ° -_

51. Guides and conductors—

52. Loop-return,

53. Work-rotating,

44. Tables—

45. Horizontally and verti-
cally movable,

46. Horizontally-movable,

48. Shifters—
49. Horizontally and ver-
tically movable car-
rier,
50. Swinging carrier,
47. Vertically-movable. CLASS 107.--BREAD, PASTRY, AND CONFECTION MAK-.
ING. (XV.) ,
| (See Definitions of Revised Classes.)
Subclasses.
_ ; _ | 55. Bakers’ ovens—
CLASS 8.—MILLS. (XXV.) | G4. Attachments,
67. Bakers’ peel,
Subclasses. . 56. Charging and removing de-
Grinding-mills— . vices—
44. Keed-regulators, 57. Endless-carrier—
~ 58. Automatic pans or |
forms,
| 59. Reel, |

60. Rotary-hearth,

—————— o~

CLASS 89.—ORDNANCE. (XXII)
(See Definitions of Revised Classes. )
i Subclasses.
SO ‘Loading—
46. Hoisting apparatus,

CLASS 110.--FURNACES. (XIX.)
(See Definitions of revised classcs.)

1 Subclasses.

LASS 91.—COATING. (XV.) oo
c s ( 101. Fuel-feeders—-

--_—~ —-

(See Definitions of Revised Classes.) | 1104. Blower—
" Subelasses. 105. ____ Hopper,
_—- 106. Pulverizer,
| Envelope-machine— 103.  Boiler-controlled,
Reciprocating— 107. Bridge-wall,
71, Carrying mechanism, Chute—
116. Door—
72. Ejecting mechanism, 117. Multiple-charge, |
108. Hopper—
Pusher— |
100. Reciprocating,
110. Screw,
Spreader—
_ UMA. Carrier —
112. Door,
CLASS 93.—-PAPER MANUFAOTURES. (XVII.) 113. Oscillating,
(See Definitions of Revised Cl ) 114, Reciprocating-plunger,
115. Rotary,
Subclasses. | 102. Shavings and sawdust,

+56, Elevating devices. _ ; 118. Vertical-drop.
-19-

CLASS 104.—RAILWAYS. (XXXIV.)
Subclasses.
54. Balloon. v Switches—
49. Buffers. » Electrotluid-pressure—
1. Car-replacers— 199. Car-controlled,
161. Car-attached, 1295. Lap,
162. Hinged blocks, 26. Pneumatic,
163. Rigid blocks, +78. Safety,
164. Shifting jacks. 152. Slip,
40. Crossings— 79. Spring,
116. Movable-rail— - 126. Stub,
117 Stub. 24. Tramway-—-
3. Deadening noise. 170. Horse-threads,
4. Elevated— 171. Point-throwers,
131. Bicycle, 4172. Track-cams.
146. Cable rail, Track—
18t. Suspended ways-- 178. Highway,
180. Switches. 14. Miscellaneous,
165. Endless carrier. 45. Portable—
50. Foot-guards. 112. Crossovers.
5. Frogs— Track-cleaners—
99. Movable-rail— 65. Blade and broom,
118 Lap, 36. Centrifugal,
119. Stub, | 37.  Dumpers,
98. Spring-rail. | 38. Elevators,
35. Grippers— | §6. Explosive,
87. <Automatic-release, 100. Flangers—
130. Coal-car, ' 176. Rotary,
88. Friction, ' 102. Vibrating,
89. Friction-belt, 103. Hot plows,
132. . Overstepping, 153. Oilers and washers,
90. Roller, ' 51. Plows,
91. Sprocket-wheel, 58. Removing weeds,
92. Whelp-wheel. 66. Snow-guards,
7. Hose-bridges— 57. Stock-alarms.
167. Overhead, 110. Track-curves.
168. Under-rail. 16. Track-layers—
8. Inclined plane— 173. =Tampers.
113. Traction. 17. Track-platforms.
133. Logging. 18. Traction—
Moving train-— 80. Cable-shields,
205. Passenger-transfer. 81. Crossing conduits,
111. Pleasure-railways. 82. Crossing streams,
179. Pneumatic— &3. Curves, .
177. Motor-charging. 207, Draft-cable,
61. Sledways. 53, Running and carrying
95. Switch-chairs. rope,
115. Switch-pieces. 84.  Slot-closers,
96. Switch-rods. 85.  Slot-switches,
25. Switch-stands. 86. Take-ups,
12. Switches— 47, Underground.
23. Automatic— 48, Transfer-tables.
77. Safety, | 64, Truck-changers.
127. YDerailing, 19. Turn-tables.
155.  Electric-- 62. Yards and plants-—
198 Controller-operated, 208. Smoke-Jjacks.

CLASS 105. RAILWAY ROLLING-STOCK. (XXXIV.)
Subclasses.
4. Axles— ' 63. Car-movers—
Divided— 132. Flange or axle grip,
258. Fixed middle bearings, 70. Pinch-bars—
66. With couplings, | 71. With rail-grip.
67. Wheel-attaching devices, | 73. Traction-wheels.
68. With sleeved and fixed Cars—
wheels. 265. Automatic door-locks,
Bevel-ended— 74. Dining,

69. Non-telescoping.

rw. _ . —__ > .

CLASS 105—Continued.

Cars—
14. Dumping—
184. Convertible flat and
hopper bottom,
185. Hopper-bottom,
Inclined-bottom—
. 186. Side doors,
187. Inwardly-tilting sec-
tions,
188. Outwardly-tilting sec-
tions—
189. Displaceable sides,
190. Tilting-body—
191 Displaceable sides,
| 262, Expansible,
Express—
75. Burglar-proof.
76. Floor-frames,
15. Freight—
192. Frames,
77. Fruit,
78. Removable covers,
193. Removable side sec-
tions,
79. Rolling,
194. Running boards and
rails,
183. Stakes—
173. Releasable,
174. Side-folding,
195. Steps and platforms,
264. Tank,
16. Hand—
196. Geared,
198. Merchandising,
Open street—
80. Seats,
- 81. Side guards
19. Passenger—
5. Baskets,
199. Double-deck,
200. Dust-guards,
82. Emergency-exits,
a1. Frames,
' 202, Head-rests,
83. Individual safes,
Platform extensions—
R4, With gates,
204. Platforms,
205. Seat and door arrange-
ment,
85. Steps—
Extension—
86. Folding,
87. Sliding,
§&, With gate,
21. Safety-bridges,
23. Sleeping—
90. Berth-guards,
206. Berth-locks,
| 207. Compartment ar-
rangement,
208. Convertible seat and
| berth,
89. Curtains and rods,
' 900. Hinged berths,
91. Ladders,
210. Partitions,
| 211. Seat-back and upper
berth,
| 212. Suspended berths,
28. Steam street,
' 31. Street—
| 213. Awnings,
| 92, Convertible open and
closed,
35. Hand-straps,
214. Reversible,
| 98. ' & Sterm-fronts,

—_—-

 

|

Cars—
61. Vestibule—
266. Curtain-releasers.
94. Derailment-guards—
215. Inclined wheels,
95. Rail-interlocking,
96. Supplemental wheels.
17. Locomotives—
217. Belt-gearing,
97. Draw-bar lifters,
259. Electric—
218. Belt-gearing,
219. Friction-roller driven,
220. Geared,
221. Intermittent-grip,
222. Longitudina) gear-
shafts,
223. Longitudinal worm-
shafts.
224. Friction-rolier driven,
225. Intermittent-grip,
227. Longitudinal shafts,
228. Rack-rail,
226. Swinging-bogie,
98. Telescoping pilots,
260. Tenders,
99. Traction-increasers—
175. Electric,
229. Gripping-drivers.
Mail-bag delivery—
230. Car-forks,
231. Catchers and crancs,
232. Cranes,
261. Projectors.
Motors—
102. Manually-operated,
101. Spring,
100. Tread-power.
60. Sanding devices—
| 176. Chaln-feed,
263. ¥Fluid-pressure.
177. Oscillatory-feed,
Reciprocatory-feed—
178. Horizontal,
179 Vertical,
180. Rotary-feed.
233. Single rail—
234. Side guides—
235. Locomotives.
236. Single top and bottom
rail.
181. Sound-deadening devices.
24. Springs—
117. Coil—
118. Cap and bed plates,
119. Coil and rubber,
120. Conical volute,
121. Elliptio—
122. Cap and bed plates,
12%. Multiple-disk,
134. Pneumatic,
124. Rubber—
125. Cap and bed plates,
126. Zigzag.
26. Starters.
27. Starters and brakes.
237. Suspended.
Trains—
238. Power-transmitters.
32. Trucks—
135. Antifriction-wheels,
103. Bolsters—
104. Cast,
105. Guides,
106. Preased-steel,
107. Trussed,
257. Cable-grip,

 

 
~20-

CLASS 105—Continued.

Trucks—
108. Center bearings—
109. Pressed-steel,
11. Changeable-gage,
Curve-adjusters—
136. Swiveled-wheel,
Electric-motor—
1 239. Bogies,
‘240. Equalizing-levers,
241, Motor-supporters,
242, Rigid-frame,
Four-wheel—
243. Bogies,
Curve-adjusters—
137. Axles, radial,
138. Axies, sectional,
111. Frames—
112. Pressed-steel,
113. Pedestals,
114. Safety-supporters,
115. Side bearings,
Six-wheel—
244. Bogies,
Curve-adjusters—
139. Axles, radial,
‘245. Supplemental.
‘ 46. Velocipedes—
247. Bicycle attachments,
248. Geared.
Wheel-bodies—
140. Cast in tires,
141. Cast on hubs.
33. Wheel-fenders—
2449. Car and truck equal-
izer,
250. Combined brake,
21. Fixed-scoop,
252. Folding hinged-scoop,
253. Hinged-scoop,
Inclined—
127. Tilt-up front,
'128. Obstacle-projectors,
254. Pilot type,
Rotary—
129. Positively-driven,
130. Trip and drop-scoop,

 

Wheel-fenders—
255. Trip and shoot forward,
256. Wheeled-scoop,
131. Wheel-tread.
Wheels—
146. Bushings,
147. Counterbalances,
148. Epicycle,
Flanges— |
149. Independent - move -
ment,
Integral—
150. Cast—
151. Holiow webs,
S pokes—
153. Cast-in,
Metallic—
154. Detachable,
155. Wooden,
156. Tire-fasteners—
158. Bolted lap-flanges,
157. By casting,
159. Integral lugs,
160. Transverse intermedi-
ate keys,
Tires—
Cushioned—
161. Metallic springs,
162. Rubber,
163. Wooden blocks,
164. Loose,
165. ‘Non-metallic,
Webs—
167. Sheet-metal disks—
168. Non-metallic filling,
169. Single,
Split castings—
170. Detachable tires,
171 Wooden,
Webs and tires—
172 Pressed-steel.
182. Wheel-tread surfaces—
142, Form,
143. Multiple,
144. Peripheral rollers,
145. Recessed.

CLASS 111.--SEEDERS AND PLANTERS. (I.)
Subclasses.

"1, Broadcast—

38,

Cetrifugal scatterers.

2. Hand—

39. Centrifugal scatterers,
3. Revolving hoppers,
4. Walking.
5. Check-row—

42. Anchors,

46. Endless belts,

‘44. Knots,

45. Reels,

43. Wire-doffers.

8. Cups on belt.
9. Cups on disk.

Drills—
35. Adjustable rank,
18. Grain,
36. Walking. ,

10. Drills and broadcast com-

bined.

11. Drili-teeth.
12, Elastic feed-wheels.
34. Fertilizer-distributers—

40.

Feeding-belts,

 

Fertilizer-distributers—

13. Hand,

14. Revolving hoppers.
168. Walking.

17, Force-feed.

19. Grain-drill cleaners.
24. Land-markers—
41. Liquid and powder.
25. Pivoted seed-cups.

Planters—

6. Corn,

7. Cotton,
16. Foot,
20. Hand—
21. Oscillating,
22. Reciprocating,
23. Rotating,
27. Potato—
28, Walking,
32. Walking—
33. Vibrating hoppers.
26. Plungers.

37. Rolling hoppers.
31. Screw-feed.

 

5. Cattle. © 105, Float-contronied,
6, Chain. | Diaphraym-operate | —
50. Collapsible tube. : 13, Ploat-controtied
54. Combined types. | U6. Overflow to motor,
8. Compressed-air water-_ Piston-operated-—
elevators— lo. Float-controled,
M4 Aerated column, 49, Purnp-check-valve cons
55 Hydranhe compression, troller,
{0. Diaphragm. Reciprocating rack-
56. Differential reciprocating !4. Float-controlled,
pistons -— 97. Thermostatic.
57. Hollow piston-rod. 87. Pressure—
Elements-— 88. Belt-shifter,
58. Air and vacuum cham- 89. By-pass,
bers Throttle—
60. Cut-off and drain devices, ‘). Multiple fluid - pres-
59. Cylinders, sure—
61. Miscellaneous and com- 91. Auxiliary valve,
bined, , 92. Single fluid-pressnre—
62. Operating devices, | 93. Auxiliary valve,
63. Pistons, | 94. Speed,
64. Sand traps and strainers,’ 95. Speed and pressure.
65. Stocks, curbs, and sup- 3 onary soon piston.
orts 43. Rotary single-piston.
66. Valves. ' 74. Sand-ballers.
67. Flaid motive power— | 75. Solid reciprocating pis-
68. Fluid-transmitting, on
69. Water-wheel. 76. Double-acting,
17. Hollow piston-rod— | 77. Multiple-cylinder—
70. Doubleacting— | 78. Double-acting.
71. One solid piston, | «9 Systems.
72. Multiple-cylinder. , 106, Trap type. :
73. Oscillating piston. | 80. valved reciprocating pis-
51. Ratlway-tank feeders. on—
29. Rams. 7 | S81. Multiple-cylinder, \
85. Regulators— ! 82. Opposing pistons, .
86.  Liquid-level— i §&3. Successive pistons.
98. Air-admitting, | 35. Windlass water-elevator.
100. Bucket-operated—
101. Float-controlied, |

CLASS 103.—PUMPS. (IX. .

Subclasses.

. Accumulators.
. Air-suction chamber.
3. Assembling.

 

Regulators—
Liquid level—
Curved rack—

' CLASS 78. METAL FORGING AND WELDING. (XIII.)
(See Definitions of Revised Classes.)
Subclasses.
| -96. -‘Work-handling mechan- oT
ism— ;
99. Blank-feeding,
9s. Feeding and rotating,
100. Shifting,
101. Supports—
102. Tables,
97. Wire or strip feeding.
CLASS 113.—-SHEET-METAL WARE. MAKING. (XIV.)

(See Definitions of Revised Classes.)

Subclasses.
| 7. Can-making machines—

|

Head feeding and ap- |

plying— |
Body-feeding— |
26. Chute,
27. Endless-chain carrier,
28. .,, Rotary drum-carrier,
29. Rotary table-carrier, |
-2)-

CLASS 106.—PLAST |
STIC COMPOSITIONS. (XV.) CLASS 114—Continued.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(See Definitions of Revised Classes.) 5 Oll-distributers— Steerin
Subclass 203. Ship structure. 160 le mechanism—
8. 173. Ports. a Wheel and drum—
- . z . . at. Intermediate ge:
45. Stacking and 177. Light and air—- - . ediate pear,
paratus packing ap- 17s. Hinged covers 1M. Wheel-shaft gearing—
. 174 Stoppers— 15, Screw—
175. Gun-port, 1, Intermediate gear
170. Hinged. 157. Kight and left—
39. Sail-boats 158. Intermedi
. . ; ate gear
102. Sails and rigging— 159. Segmental rack.
115. Clues and thimbles, 16. Submarine vessels—
| 114. Cringles and hanks, lo.4. Lifeund vesselsaving de-
113. Hoops and connections, vices—
112. Mast-travelers, 16.5. Buoys,
109. Rigging screws and 16.6. Eseapes—
stretchers— . 16.7 B
: we oats hy
HL R Tension-relievers, ' 16.8. Salvage or buoys,
. unning riggi 4 r ’
CLASS 114 103. Sails reine O15, T vaahn-veltowa
SHIPS. (XX i 213. ension-relicevers—
: - (X XII.) 108. Fastening devices, — 215. Cable, .
(See Definitions of Revised Classes.) tos Reefing and furling— | 2/6. Couplers—
O. Fore and aftsails— | 717 Safety
ah ‘ . -rcles
Subclasses. | 106. Rolling, 214. Fluid. y-release,
206. Anchors— Centerboards— 107. Rolling. ! 18. Torpedo-boats—
708. Drags or sea-anchors, Pivoted— 26. Scows— 19. Spar.
7. i! i
208 Fee 133. Sectional— 27. Dumping and unload- | “0. Torpedoes—
208. Pivoted. 134. Fan, ing— | 25, Depth regulation,
210. Anchor-trippers. 128. Steering, | 36. Bottom doors— | 21. external control,
121. Ballasting— 138. Vertical-drop— | ‘. Flooding-gates, ! 23. Separable sections,
122. Antirolling, 139. Sectional, 31. Platform— | " Steering mechanism—
126. Fins and boards, 130. Vertical drop and piv- 34. Conveyers, 240, T Gyroscope.
123. Floats, oted-swing— | 35. Side doors, 24] orpedo-guards—
124. Shifting weights, 131, Sectional. | 382. Tilting— 938, Tormed
125. Water-tanks. 219. Fenders— | 3 Carriers, ca Outbourds
193. Bilge-discharge— 220, _ Roller. | Sectional— 235. Towing—
134. Ejectors— 56. Form— 29, Hinge 236 oe
ten rs. 1! | Hinged, wb. Steering mechanism—
86. Ash, 60. Canal and ferry bouts, 30. Separable, 237 Indicators. |
185. Ship’s motion. 62. Concave bottom, 38. Turnover. 204. Travelers—
218. Bitts, cleats, and pin-) “= Divided hu, | 182, Seuppers. 205, Tension-relievers
rails. b4. Drafting, 187. Smoke-stacks. _ 196. Valves—
65. Building— 63. Flat bottom, | 80. Spars— 197. Boat-plugs,
67. Antifriction surfaces, oS. Paddle-wheelers, ' 101, Fair leaders and chocks a Seaccocks.
83. Bracing and staying, ey. Screw-propeller type, | 97, Gaffs, booms, ete. -- . a Ventilation—
7h. Bulkhead and compart- 59. Spindle, | 98. Pivoted, as ve alves.
; nent, Se, Furniture--- . 9, Crotches and supports | . ossel raising and dock-
‘1. Cabins, * Cabins and state-rooms, | Masts and masting— "49 C: mn i
Nb. Calking and seaming, 14), Life-preserver racks, | 93. Coats, shields and» - amels, calssons, and
70. Canal and ferry boats 191. Self-leveling—- steps , oo _pontoons,
85. Decks 7 | 192, Berths— ‘99 tence ay 4S. Floating dry-docks—
* decks, 43 ' , 92, Cross and trestle trees 48. Elevators
72, Freighters— fe Single-pivot, 94, Heads and irons 47 sewa tors
73. Bulk-cargo— 194. Chairs, 91. Swinging 46 Eud-gates,
~ 5 ~ ; . Pe de ; sti ‘
‘3. Antishifting devices, 195. Tables. | 100. Spar-irons, 50 ‘ Sectional,
76. Ceilings and floors, 201. Hatches and covers— 95. Yards— 50. Loe
j 3. i: are : “ee Alr-lan KS—
i Liquid, a Fasteners, 96. Trusses and parrcls. 53. Ca _ :
66.5. Hydroplane boats, 202. Sliding. | 144, Steering mechanism— | “i me Ss, caissons,
68. Insubmergible vessels— 179. Hawse-pipes— | 146. Auxiliary, ong ne pontoons,
69. Linings and fillings, 181. Friction-rollers, 152, Fins, | 5. H a atable bags,
=9. Iron— Mn Stoppers and covers. 153. Foot ' 55. Say ene
De - , ° ‘ n « Bo
80. Corrugated, Ice-boats. 150. Fluid-pressure— ind and mud loosen-
sl. Tubular 40. Ice-breakers— | 151. Jet ae
98 ’ 42. Cutters, 4 ve 1. War-ships—
87. yolnts; 41. Rams ° Keel, 9. Armored
. 147. ; | , —
| Knees, | | 221, Implements— 7 Paddles and wheels— _ _. ‘1. . Belting and plating—
66. Observation boats | 224 C 148. Channels 12 meee
77 Sect! ’ | 224. ‘alking, paying, etc., 162 ’ “ Compound—
v7. ectional, | 296 Clamps 2 Rudders— i 1S. Buffers
84. ing | 999. , 164. :
aii and planking, | 292, Hull-cleaning, 170 Brakes ie Detectors,
. . 293. : . <eS— 1 14, 5 ;
16 B sada and door 2 Rigging, VL Hydraulic \ Screens and shields,
17 ulkh s— ‘225. Spikes, pins,and fids. 165 | 15 Concealment,
1117, = Doors— 140. Keels— Hangingandshipping,, 4. Floating batteries
118. Automatic— 142 Bilge 72. Locks, 2 Rams— / "
119. Slidi ‘ Be, 163. Multi
ing, 143 Rocki atiple, 3 B .
120. Slidin ek IDEs 169. Post _ beari _—, attering,
Q. 141 rorbic ; st bearings and
. Vertical adjustmen _ 5 Turret—
(199. Cable-stoppers— 07 Leak } t. heads, | 6 combi
200. Chain. | 999, eak-stoppers— 167. Sectional | Combined — elevating
27. Centerboards— | 228. Aprons, mats, ete., 166, Tubular, | and rotary,
199, Multiple, me err 168. Jury, 7. Elevating,
132, Pivoted— x40. Moor aneous. 145. Speed-retarders *. Rotary.
135, La a Mooring devices— ,
teral, . Ferry-sli
136. ‘Lateral Se
swing, 232, Oll-distributers—

 

| 137. _ __ Lateral-tilt, | 234. Drags and floats,
CLASS 137.--WATER DISTRIBUTION. (XXXIX.)

(See Definitions of Revised Classes.)

Subclarses.

 

 

Mains and pipes—
Thread-protectors,
Tubes,

Valves.
Nozsle-holders.
Noszgles——

Compressible,

Flexible,

Splasher,

Svstems,

Tube-cleaners.
Pipe-couplings-—

Ball-and-socket,

Base,

Detachable,

Detachable and flexible,

Permanent,

Pipe and plate,

Train- pipe, hand - oper-

ated,

Valved,

W ater-closet—

Inlet,
Outlet.

. Safety-valves.

. Sampling-tubes.
. Siphons.

. Sprayers—

Automatic.
Traps.

31. Water-supply hose-hold-

CLASS 115._MARINE PROPULSION. (XXII.)
(See Definitions of Revised Classes.) Subclasses.
32. Check-valves.
) Subclasses. Cocks and faucets — | 91.
26. Compound, ' 100.
19. Buoyant propeller\— Paddle-wheels— 4. Reciprocating valves, 69.
20. Rotary hull. 5A. Depth regulation, 5. Sliding gates, | 50.
63. Chain propellerh— 53. Channels and ways. 27, Tank, — | 47.
64. Steeringandadjustable. | 52. Horizontal and inclined 45. Thermal—- | 55.
66. Crank-paddles— wheels, a2, High-temperature. | 56.
67. Steering and adjustable. 50. Steering. 6. Tubecompressors, 57.
ll. Jet— 17. Portable propellers— 7. ‘Turning plugs. 38.
13. Explosive, 18, Steering. a3.  Water-closet valves. | U7
14, Hydraulic— | 31. Reciprocating propel- | ¥. Cut-offs and spouts. |
15. Pneumatic-drive, lers—_ 101. Feeders. | 88.
16. Wheel-drive, | 33. Reversing, 104. Float-valves. | OA,
42, Steering. | 32. Steering. 11. Fountains. | 28.
1, Land and water boats— | 34. Screw-propeller}-— 33. Hose-patches. .
2. Pedomotors. , 42. Casings and shields, 13. Hydrants and plugs. | 29,
21. Manual power— "39. Channels and ways, 102, Indicators. - 98.
22. Catamaran, 41. Depth regulation, 14. Irrigating and sprin- | 89.
23. Paddle-wheel, | 37. Multiple of +wit kling--
24. Screw. scre w— 63. Carts, 30.
‘25. Marine pedomotors— | 38. Side, 64. Heads,
26, Catamaran, | 43. Propeller-shaft brakes, 60.  Insertors, 95.
27. —-— Bicycle-propelled. . 40. Self-clearing, ; 65. Pipes, 96.
0.5. Miscellaneous. 35. Steering. 67. Pumps, 53
28. Oscillating propellers— 6. Towing— 62. Roses and cans, 18
30. Reversing, 1 7. Cable systems, 61. Shakers, 20
29. Steering. : 9. Ground-wheels or polers, 66. Systems. 80
49. Paddle-wheels— 10. Towing-machines, Leak-stoppers -. 81.
«8. Track systems. 99. Patches and plugs. 86.
4. Wave propuision— Mains and pipes — 84.
| 5. Oscillating weight, 70. Cleaners, 82.
| 3. Wind-motors. 71. Cushions, 87.
- 90. Hose, 83.
77. Leak-detectors, 85.
75. Pipes, 21.
76. Stoppers, 68.
78. Systems-- 108.
CLASS 122._LIQUID HEATERS AND VAPORIZERS. ~ | , Taps,
(XVII.) ' | 72. Thawing,

CLASS 140.—WIRE-WORKING. (XIV -)

 

 

451. Feeders -—

452. Boiler-pressure,

453. Exhaust-steam—

454 W ater-injected--

455. From boiler,
Gravity —

456. Automatie—

457 Heater,

458, ITeater.

CLASS 130.—THRESHING. (XXV.)
Subclasses.

1. Band-cutters and feeders. Grain-separators—
31. Cane-strippers. 18. Oat, seed, and garlic,
_ 2. Clover-hullers. 16. Rotary screens,

3. Corn-cribs. ' 19. Sereens and riddles,

4. Corn-husking implements. | 15. Shaking screens,

; 5. Corn-husking machines. Straw-carriers—
Corn-shellers— 21. Endless aprons,
6. Breast and cylinder. 22, Overbung rakes,

7.  Disk-action, 23. Reels,

9. Ear-grasping, 24, Shaking tables,
10. Implements, 25. Vibrators,

8. Peripheral action. 26. Walking-rakes.
-12. Fans and regulators. 14. Granaries and bins.
33. Feeders for shellers and | 20. Stackers.

huskers. Threshing-machines—
13. Flax-threshers. | 27. Cylinder-machines,
32. Fruit and vegetable sepa- 29. Dust-conveyers,
rators. 28.  Flail-machines.
Grain-separators— 30. Vine and seed strippers.
17. Gravity,

(See Definitions of Revised Classes. )

F 125.
126.
127.
128,
129.
130.
131.

 

132. .

Subclasses.

Wire-feeding—
Automatic stop,
Drum—

Tangential contact,

Intermittent—

Oscillating clamp,
Recessed roller,

Short lengths.

CLASS 148.—WOOD-SAWING. (XXIX.)
(See Definitions of Revised Classes.)

_ Subclasses.

“96. Log deck-blocks.

92. Log-transfers—
93. Pusher-blocks,
94. Trough-and-kicker. |
97. Log-turners —
98.  Bar-and-chain,
99. Bar and inclined pistons, |
100. Barand parallel pistons, |
101. Bar-and-piston,
102. Endless,

_ 103. Hook,

104. Hook-and-chain.

95. Log turners and deck-

blocks.
-23-

CLASS 144.-WOODWORKING. (XXIX.)
(See Definitions of Revised Classes.)

- Subclasses. -
Feed and presser mech-
| anisms—
- 245. Blank-feeders,
242. Miscellaneous,
243. Presser-bars and chip-
breakers --
244. Sectional,
Rolls—
Feed—
246. Miscellaneous,
247. Spring-pressed,
248. Weighted,
249. Presser,
250 Sectional.

CLASS 188.—RESILIENT TIRES AND WHEELS.

(XLI.)

Subclasses.

2s, Spring-wheels.

 

Spring-wheels—

49. Combined curved spring 29. Deformable outer rim—
and rigid spoke, 31, Independent rim-seg-
0. Curved spring-spokes—- ments, spring-pressed
5! Positive braces, guides, plungers,
or driving connections, | 30. Pivoted or linked rim-
39. Cushioned inner hub— segments,
44. Annular guide-flange-- 59. Helical spring-spokes,
45 Positive driving con- 47. Pivoted, telescoping,
nection, spring-carrying spokes,
40. Pneumatic tube— 46. Pneumatic tube,
4l Annular guide flange— 48. Radial, fixed hubcylinders
42. Positive driving con- or spokes, spring-pressed
nection, plungers.
43, Rubber cushion, 83. Radial or tangential
32. Cushioned inner rim— spokes, fixed rim sockets
37. Annular guide-flange — and springs.
38. Positive driving con- Tires—
nection, 1. Cushion—
33, Pneumatic tube— 2 Antislipping,
34. Annular guide-flange — | 2 Armored—
35. Positive driving con- | 4. Antislipping,
nection. 6 Fastening devices—
36. Rubber cushion, 7. Sectional channels,
4. Cushioned lateral thrust, 5. Inclosed cores,
CLASS 152—Continucd.
Tires— | Tires—
Cushion— | Pneumatic—
&. Metallic springs, 19. Divided treads,
v. Sectional, _ 20. Fastening devices —
' 10. Cushion and = pneumatic | 21. Sectional channels,
| combined, 22, Multiple chambers,
i. Inflating— 23. ‘Repairing—
12, Valves, | 24. Bandages,
13. Pneumatic— | 25. Healing compounds,
‘14,  — Antislipping, | 26. Plugs and patches,
Armored— lo7, ~—s- Pools.
| 16. Antislipping,
| 17. Externally,
i 18. Internally,
CLASS 162.--INJECTORS AND EJECTORS. (XVIII.)
Subclasses.
Ejector— 1. Miscellaneous.
3. Fluid-level controlled.

Injector—
2. Fluid-level controlled.

CLASS 172.-ELECTRICITY. MOTIVE POWER. (XXVI.)

— ~

| 152. Elevators.

_ Subclasses.

JLA88 164.--CUTTING AND PUNCHING SHEETS AND
BARS. (XIV.)
(See Definitions of Revised Classes.)
Subclasses.
. Combined machines—
12. Work-feeding.
Cutting— |
Die— |
Machines— |
20. Work-feeding—
21. Reciprocating
feeder,
22. Roller-feed,
36. Fixed-cutter—
38. Work-feeding—
39. Roller-feed,
Pivoted-cutter—
42, Work-feeding,
Reciprocating -cut-
ter—
: 48. Work-feeding—
49, Roller-feed,

CLASS 186.—STORE-SERVICE.

(11.)

(See Definitions of Revised Classes. )

 

Subclasses.
24. Buffers— 22. Elevators and drops-—
25. Slide, 23. Speed-controlled drop.
14. Cable- propulsion sys- | 2. Gravity systems—
tems— 3. Selective delivery,
15. Grip, selective-release, 4. Tilting track—
16. Load-release, 5. Both ends movable—
17. Reciprocating— 6. Pivoted arms,
18. Drop-car. 7. Self-propelled-car systems.
26. Carriers— 8. Singie-impulse systems—
31. Rolling, 12. Gravity,
32. Sliding, 9. Speed-increasing,
' 27. Wheeled— 13. Spreaders,
30. Derallment-guards, 10. Spring—
29. Drop-receptacle, 11. Longitudinally - moving
28. Self-propelled. line.
33. Details— 19. Switches—
34. Track. 20. Selective—
1. Dining-room service. 21, Carrier-returned.

CLASS 193._CONVEYERS. (IV.)

 

Subclasses.

1. Conveyers. Endless—
2. Endless— ‘9. Hook.
3. Adjustable lIcg, | 10. Pneumatic—
4. Belt— 21. Stackers.
26. Belt structure, 11. Reciprocating.
24. Feeders, 12. Retransfer and weighing.
23. Guidts, 13. Screw.
25. Trippers, 22. Spouts.
27. Troughing-rollers, 20. Storehouse.
5. Boot, | 14. Thresher attachments—
6. Bucket— 15. Foldable,
28. Bucket structure, 16. Laterally and _ vertically
7. Bucket, with traction- adjustable,

rollers, 17. Oscillatory,
8. Flight, ‘18. Vertically-adjustable.

_ 19. Trimmers.
 

CLASS 187.~ELEVATORS.

-24-

(KIT. )

(See Definitions of Revised Classes. ;

Subclasses.

q

2. Building material.
72, Cable-releasers.
73. Car-brakes and catches --
SO. Car-supported—
81. Cable-controlled | -
Q2, Positive -
83, Rail-side,
84. Sliding,
85. Rail-face,
86. Rail-side—
87. Eccentric,
88. Wedge,
92. Operator-controlled—
93. Rail-side,
89. Speed-controlled—
90. Rail-side—
91. Vertically-pivoted,
74. Door-controlled,
77. Driven catch devices—
78. Rotating gear,
79. Well-supported,
75.  Landing-chairs—
76. Car-supported.
28. Control mechanism —
46. Controller-locks—
47. Door-actuated —
48. Electric,
49. Locked door—
50. Electric,
30. Door-actuated—
31. Electric,
29. Electric,
32. Landing-stops—
33. Lock.
4. Limit—
36. Carrier-actuated —
37. Deflected rope,
30. Electric,
42. Operator-actuated—
43. Electric,
44, Rope-controllers—
45. Running-rope,
38. Speed-controlled—
39. Electric,
40. Well obstruction—
41 Electric.
94. Counterbalances.
51. Door mechanism -
55. Flexible screens,
61. Locks,

53. Common motor-shaft.
OA. Separate motors,
a6, Sliding doors -
57, Locked door,
' 58. Vertical movement —
a, Locked door,
| 60. Sliding coupler.
| 3. Dumb-waiter type—
| 5. Locked car,
| 4. Mail.
| 71. Emergency-cables.
6. Exterior wall—
8. Car-brake,
7. Lateral movement.
| 68, Fluid-governors—
tv. Car-supported puuip,
| 70. Counterweight,
| 95. Guides—
95. Mine cross-heads.
62. Hatch mechanism—
| 65. Direct contact,
63. Lever-opener,
64. Sliding coupler,
66. Vertically-sliduble hatch.
12. Inclined—
13. Cablecontrolled brakes—
14. Rail-gripping.
1. Miscellaneous.
17. Motor mechanism—
18. Lazy-tongs,
19. Rack-and-pinion,
20. Rope-drive—
23. Differential sheave,
21 Hand-rope-opernated,
2 ‘Tensioning feature,
24 Screw—
25. Traveling rotary cle.
ment,
26. Traveling sheave,
27. Winding-drum.
9. Portable—
10. Inclined,
11. Winding-drum.
97. Railway-car locks.

 

Door mechanism- -
Motor-actuated -

. Shiftable weight.

. Superposed cars.

. Well-end cushions.

. Well-obstruction devices.

CLASS 191._ELECTRICITY. ELECTRIC RAILWAYS.

 

(XLIZ.)
Subclasses.
17. Collapsible- tube conduc- | Systems—
| tor. i 4. Battery,
| 1. Conductor supports and | 8. Circuits, series,
insulators. | 6. Closed conduit,
2. Electric locomotives— | § Conduit—
25. Electric control, ; 32. Collectors,
‘296.  KElectromechanical con. | 42. Roadway structure,
trol, 9. Converters,

30. Motor on axle, 41. Current-distribution—
24. Motor part along track, 11, ‘ ’ Overhead—

27. Single and multiple motor, | 12. Trolleys—

31. Traveling-dynamo. 30. Catchers—

‘15. General. 36. Drop,

Sectional conductor— 37. Guards and finders

18. Connected, 38. Ice-clearers,

19. Magnetic closers— 39. Poles and heads,
_ 33. Magnet on car, 40. Stands.
134. Magneto-mechanical, 22. Telpher and towing.
‘21. Mechanical closers,

‘99, ‘Traveling closers.

 

CLASS 208.. VELOCIPEDES. (VII.)
Subclasses.
11. Bearings. Handle-bars—
Bicycles— | 116. Continuous adjustable—
5. Header-preventers. Locks—
Bicycle, propulsion— ; VLG, Cam,
Crank and gear - 118. Screw-and-dog,
00 Norinally-fixed — stud- | 119. Spring,
plate, 124. Folding,
74. Planetary. , 120. Sectional, adjustable -
48. Reverting train, 121. Simultaneously,
49. Rotating side shaft, 125. Spring. :
46. Train — | 126. Handles
7 Internal rack, 127, Auxiliary
7.) Crank and chain-- | 128. Pneumatic,
153. Chain adjustments, 129. Strip. '
154. Changeable-speed gear, 67. Harness.
18. Lever and crank, ; Holders-—
19. Lever, crank and gear, or , Brackets—
chain, | 86. Fixed arm or jaw,
20. Lever and ratchet, . 87 Pivoted arm orjaw,
21. Lever, ratchet and gear, | Racks—
or chain, | 90. Frame-supports,
23. Miscellaneous, | 88. Wheel or tire supports—
22. Rack-and-pinion. 9. Tilting-shoe,
13. Brakes— | Stands—
47. Back-pedaling, | 91. Floor-supported,
60. Band, | 92, Wall-supported.
4&8. Pneumatic. | 139. Miscellaneous.
459. Roller. ' 140. Mud-guards—
45. Carrier. | 141. Wheel—
145. Casings— 142. Rim—
146. Chain— | 143. Limp,
147 Attached, 144 Sectional.
148, One-piece, | 70. Pedals.
149. Radially-separable. | Polycycles—
24. Child’s seats. | 42. Figure.
151, Cleaner attachments— —_| Polycycles, propulsion—
152. Chain. 40. Axle-couplings,
130. Combined handle-barand 32. Crank and chain,
post adjustment. Crank and gear—
27. Coupling-bars. 51. Planetary,
68. Cranks and crank-shafts. , 54. Reverting train,
9. Crank-clutches. oo. Rotating side shaft,
Cranks — 52. Train—
69. Variable leverage. : §3. Internal rack,
3. Dicycles. 30. Crank and pitman,
2. Epicycles. | 33. Lever and crank,
93. Frames— , 34. Lever, crank and gear, or
98. Crank-hangers, | chain.
107. Depressible-seat, ' 35. Lever and ratchet,
104. Drop convertible, | 36. Lever, ratchet and gear
96. Forks— I or chain,
97. Springs, | 38. Miscellaneous,
105. Folding, ; 37. Rack-and-pinion.
102." Heads— | Posts—
103. Spring, ' 131. Mechanical adjustment,
95. Joints, 132. Self-locking.
106. Knockdown, Props—
110. Ordinary, 156. Fixed,
111. Parallel seats, | Pivoted—
113. Polycycles, | #5. One-leg—
155. Pumps, | 76. Extension hinged,
94. Spring, 1 47 Extension sliding.
101. Spring-axles, | sn weve uated,
100. Spring s: ; | 79. Spring-locked,
108. Te rink Saddle-supp orts, | 80. U niversal-joint,
109. Convertible, 8] me (or me ) es a
Mi2. Trailing wheels | 39 I an (or gear) spread,
. ’ Lever-spread,
99. Yokes. i; 3. Spring-spread
115. Handle-bars--. Sliding--
123. Automatically-collapsing, 84. One-leg,
122. Automatically - detach-. 4&5. Two (or more) legs.
able, 138. Rests.
-?25-

| CLASS 212,-TRAVERSING HOISTS.

 

 

Subclasses.
‘145, Auxillary supports. Linear— "
4. Door-lifters. Cable—
3. Floating. Y.oad-suspension—
‘144. Jibs and masts. — 9”. Running-rope,
71. Linear— 100. Sheave-catch—
76. Cable— 101. Pivoted  cable-ex-
SB. Antormatic stop, tension,
122. Carriage-holders, track- 102. Sheave-frame catch—
clamp, 104. Pivoted —
SZ. Draft-rope, hoist-rope 105, Double,
traverse— 103. Sliding,
1 Of. Cable-return, 116. Trips, stops and
SR, Divided hoist-rope, knockers,
1 W2, Cravity return— 123. Pulley changers,
93, Cable, 117. Rope carriers -—
89, Hook-lowcring, 118. Cable-stop operated,
1 90, Running track, 120. Carrier-sheave — oper-
I 94, Draft-rope, independ- ated,
ent traverse— 121. Permanently-spaced,
05, Anchored hoist-rope, 119. Trolley-supported,
06. Hook-lowering, 72. Cable, ship-coaling ty pe;
77. ad-handling-— 133. Hanging-cable traverse,
oN. Draft-rope— 134, Non-motor traverse—
=. Dumping— 138. Fluid hoist,
. ; 139. Lever hoist,
SO, Double-tackle,
81. Grab, 185. Load-handling—
42. Sling, 136, Discharging _
137, Automatic,
S3. Load-sus pension— . ;
4, Grab, ~ 124, Sell-propelled —
Sh. Sling 131, Electric. - .
07 Load-suspension— 132. Automat ic stop,
08. Hoist. carry and 125. Load-handling—
, , . 12. Electric—
lower, “127, Grab
WS Ratchet-sheave, 19% “tide: har
106. Rope-catch— 19. : ( b
108. Pivoted— aa ra,
130. Ladle,
109. Double, ' 73. Shiftable track—
107. Sliding, 74. Longitudinall y-mov 4
Ne ea tie,
ANG. oacting re, 75. Tilting
M11. Variable-eleva- 140. Surface. |
tion— 142, Drum—
112, Carriage-release, | 143, Intermittent-grip, |
113, Side-draft, : 141, Belf-propelled.
CLASS 214.—LOADING AND UNLOADING. (IV.)
Subclasses.
14. Elevated carriers— | Loading and unloading—
| 5. Load-binders,
| 6  Pilers,
7. Raised track,
Ss. Raised track, track-end
dump,
9. Raised track, track-end
. dump, tilting track-sec-
1. Loading and unloading— tion,
2). Furnace-charging, 13. Scoop, hoist, carry, and
2. Hay, dump,
3. Hoist and dump, 10... Shoveling devices,
4. Hoist, raised track, and | 11. Tilting platform,
dump, 112. Vertical hoist anddump. —

CLASS 218—BUTTON, EYELET, AND RIVET SETTING

(XL)

(See Definitions of Revised Classes.)

Subclasses.

Machines—
Button—

Button-feeders,

Eyeleting—

| 15.1.

Magazine—
Feeding,

Lacing-hook—

47.1,

Magazine—
Feeding,

Riveting—

| 9.

Magazine,

 

 

CLASS 224..-PACKAGE AND ARTICLE CARRIERS.

7.
14.
21.
1d.
16.
18.
“19.

 

 

CLASS 312.—PRAVERSING HOISTS.—Uontinued.

Subclasses.
1. Miscellaneous. Rotary cranes—
28. Rotary cranes— | 69. Sluing-platform,
50. Automatic sluing—- ; 4. Variable radius—
51. Portable, | 55. Extensible jib,
52. Variable radius— | 60. Lever, first-class,
53. Portable, | 56. Trolley,
39. Automatic stop, 57. Verticall y-movable it
29. Combined crane and sup- | 33. Vertically wingin g
porting rack, » | jtb— |
48. Counterbalanced — : 5 Portable,
49. Portable, | 37. Vehicle-wheel power.
61. Fixed radius— | 7. Skidding.
62. Lever, first-class, | 5, Track-straddiiag—
65. Portable, | 6. Self-propelled. ‘
63. Trolley, 10. Traveling cranes—
64. Vertically-movable jib, 13. Gantry— '
300. =Fluid— | 14, Loud-handling,
31. Swinging . hoist-motor, | 15. Overhanging end —
cable-hoist, 16. Flexible bridge,
32. Swinging hoist-motor,{ 12. Horlzontally-swinging
trolley-mounted, bridge,
33. Vertically-movable. 17. Jib,
jib— 11. Load-bandling,
Mast-jack, 18. Overhead—
Vertically-swinging jib, | 20. Bridge-mounted hoist-
Line-shaft driven, motor,
Load-handling— 21. Electric—
Grab, 22. Multiple-track,
Portable— 19. Flexible bridge,
sling,” 2B. Stationary motor --
Load-suspension, m vlad. ven
Opposing jibs, 27. Traveling motor, cable-
Pivots, steps and mast- shift,
caps, ‘
Portable, horizontally- | 7 vos motor, fold-
pivoted mast,
Self-propelled, 8. Vertioally-swinging holst-
Sluing mechanism— frame—
.  Bull-wheel, 0. Load-handling. |
68. Gear-sector, 2. Weighing.

 

(XL.)

(See Definitions of Revised Classes. )

 

 

Subclasses.

. Body and belt attached— |

Baby or patient, |
Bag, case, or frame— | 58.
Chatelaine, 52.
Bracket, 53.
Cartridge— | 54,
Belt or sling— 49.
Loop and pocket hold- . 47,
. ers— | 48.
Skeleton, $3.
Block-cell, 44,
Compartment, | 29.
rarment-attached, 30.
Individual holders. ' 39.
Magazine— 40.
Longitudinal feed, 4).

Revolving, |
Tilting pocket, | 31.

Game, |
Hand or wrist attached, | 42.
Kmnapsack— 32.
Convertible—- , 33.
Tent, | 3.

Slings,

Slings with belts. 36.

* Hand -- |
Convertible and com-| 34.
bined, 37.
Handle and clamping ; 38.
plates— 4.
Strap-tightener, 1.
Handle and strap - - | 2.
Cord or chain- - | 3.

Cord-hook,

Hand—

Handle and strap—
Strap-loop,

Handle, bar, and strap—
Harness,
Strap-tightener,

Sling,

Traveling-bag,

Tray.

Saddle-bags—

Traveling-bag.

Vehicle—

Bicycle—
Bracket—
Folding,
Handle-barsup-
ported,
Convertible
bined,
Hooks,
Receivers--
Collapsible-frame,

and = coim-

Forward-reach su p- |

ported,
Handle-bar sup-
ported,
Wrapper,
Spring-holders—
Frame.

Watch and clock.
Weapon—

Sheaths and scabbards —
Hangers.
-26-

CLASS 238.-RAILWAY TIES AND FASTENERS.

 

(XEXTIV.) ’
Subclasses.
1. Stringers and ties— Stringers and ties—
2. Chairs, | 3. Metallic,
3. Composition, 6. Pot-sleepers.
4. Fastenings, |

52.

 

 

CLASS 239.—_RAILWAY-RAILS AND JOINTS. (XXXIV.)
Subclasses.
Rall-joints— | Ralil-joints—
1. Boxes, ‘11. Threadless bolts,
Bridge-pieces— 12. Truss,
2. Base, 13. Web-blocks.
3. Tread, 14. Rails—
' 4. Cast-on, 15. Braces,
5. Insulated, 16. Compound,
6. Joint-chairs, 17. Guard—
7. Miscellaneous, 18. Clamps,
8. Scarf, 19. Rack.
9. Splice-bars—
10. Girder,
CLASS 240.-ILLUMINATION. (XXX.)

(see Definitions of Revised Classes. )
Sube lasses.

Light-supports— Light-supports—

— 63. Adjustable for trim. Adjustable for trim
ming— ming—-
| Electric— Fleetrie -
64. E ost— | 66. switch
65. Switch,
| CLASS 246.—RAILWAY SIGNALING. (XLI.)
Subclasses.
1. Bridge-guards. | Signals—
| 2. Compensators— Electric—
' 3. Intermittent grip, Sectional rail—
| 4. Slot, | 33. Electromanual lock,
| 5. Weight. 34. Lock,
6. Defiection-stands. 38 Track instruments,
| 7. Interlocking— 36. Trolley,
| 57.  Detector-bars, 37. Light,
| 8 Rods, 38. Pneumatic—
| 9. Selectors, | 39. Automatic,
, 10. Stands— 40. Portable,
, i Catch, 41. Switch,
| 12 Plunger. 42, Time—
| 13. Signals— 43. Retarders,
. 14. Automatic alarm, 44. Train-order.
| 15. Bar, 45. Signals, automatic—
Detonating--- 46. Agitated,
1A, Automatic, 47. ~~ Block,
7. Car-placers, 48. Crossing,
1 18. Electric, 49. Danger,
19. Hand-placers, ' 50. Setting apparatus,
» 20. Torpedoes, 51. Tappets,
| 21. Electric— 52. Trips.
; 22. Block, Switches and signals—
' 23. Block-crossing, | Electric—
24. Block systems, 53. Return indication,
25. Cab— . OF. Trolley-actuated
; 26. Sectional rail— | switches,
27. Relay, 55. Trolley-contacts,
28. Car, 56. Staff systems.
| 29, Lock, | 58. Track-circult controlled.
| 30. Sectional rail— 59. Trip-controlled—
31. Cab and block, 60. Frangible devices.
32. Crossing,

CLASS 226.—PACKAGING LIQUIDS. (XXXIL.)

 

Subclasses. .
4. Corking-machines--- | Filling-machines —
3. Automatic-feed, | 16. Faucets
6. Compressing— | 17. Gage—
7 Automatice-feed, | 18. Adjustable,
1 §.  IHand-tools. ‘19. Pump—
2s. Filling and corking ma- — 20. Adjustable, !
chines -- : 21. Multiple-nozzle, |
29. Barrel, - 22. Reciprocating nozzle.
30.  Corking-nozzle. 23.  Siphon-bottle.
31. Counter-pressure. 24. Siphon-tube,
32. Reciprocating nozzle. Stoppers—
, 9. Filling-machines— 25 Internal,
' 10. Barrel, 26. Valve,
15. -‘Counter-pressure, 27. Turn-over.
ll. Cut-offs— 33. Funnels.
12. Automatie—
; 13. Float,
14. Vent.
CLASS 243._PNEUMATIC DESPATCH. (T11.)
(See Definitions of Revised Classes.)
Subclasses.
32. Carriers— Systems—
. Sliding— 2. Combined pressure and ex
34 End-opening, haust,
34 Side-opening, 4. Exhaust,
33. Wheeled. 3. Pressure,
38. Details— 6. Relay,
39. Carrier. 16. Selective delivery—
37. Obstacle-detectors. 18, Exhaust,
36. Signals and indicators. 17. Pressure,
29. Switches— 5. Trunk line and branches.
30. Main and branch line | Terminals—
block, 19. Combined delivery and
31. Tube-section. sending,
1. Systems— | Delivery—
Active on transit— / 23. Exhaust,
7. Motor-actuating ~- 24, External receivers,
9, Exhaust, ' 20. Pressure—
8, Pressure, | 20. Double gate,
10. Reservoir— 22. Single gate,
12. Exhaust, Sending—
11. Pressure, 28. Exhaust,
13. Timers— 25. Pressure—
15. Exhaust, 26. Lock—
(14, Pressure, 27. Timers.
|
CLASS 244.—AERONAUTICS. (XXI.)
(See Definitions of Revised Classes.)
Subclasses.
3. Balloons— Flying-machines—
4. Captive, | 19. Helicopters,
5. Propelled— ' 20. Wing.
10. Fluid, ' 22. Kites—
" 8. Paddle-wheel, ' 24. Accessories,
6. Screw— 23. Multiple plane.
7. Helicopter, | 2. Launching and landing de-
9. Wing. | vices.
130. Cars. | 1, Miscellaneous.
\31. Details. | 21, Parachutes.
lL. Flying-machines— i 25. Propellers—
12. Aeroplane—
13. Propelled—
“18, Fluid, ' 27. Wing,
“16. Paddle-wheel, 29. Steering mechanism.
14, Screw —
15. Helicopter,
‘1. Wing,
~27-

The present undefined classes have, to a large degree, like
fopsy, “just growed". The lack of definitions has caused patents
to be placed, now here, now there, to suit the fancy of the par-
ticular Examiner. Until recent years the practice of assigning
applications to the division having the least work, regardless of
classification, was in vogue. The result is thet suoh lines as
did exist between classes have been broken down, thus vastly en-
larging the field of search, and correspondingly increasing the
probability that references will not be found.

Another objeotion to the present arrangenent, wherein
several classes contain the same matter, is the possibility that
on account of similer applications being classified in different
classes or divisions, interferences may be overlooked, thus caus-~
ing the allowance of a plurality of patents covering the same

subject-matter.
PROPOSED CLASSIFICATION. ’

In lieu of the present arrangement it is proposed to es-
tablish a series of classes based as nearly as possible on struc-
ture. It is convenient to consider transportation as made up of
three major groups, (1) systems, (2) ways, (3) wehioles. Ve-
hicles, for the purposes of this discussion, are carriers, wheeled
or sliding, designed to be moved from place to place. Motor
mechanism, if present, is mounted on the carrier. Ways are
tracks, roads or channels, over or through which a vehicle or
material is moved. Systems comprise all transporting devices
not falling within the definition of vehicles or ways.

A number of reclassified transportation classes have been
established - in some instances, it would seem, with little regard
~28—

for the relation of their particular subjeot matter to the art
in general. It is proposed to adopt them, as far as possible,
into the general soheme, making only such changes as are deemed
of considerable importance.

Vehicles designed for use on the water or in the air are
provided for in the defined olasses of Ships, Boats and Buoys
(part transportation, part information), Marine Propulsion and
Aeronautics, Manually propelled vehicles are reolassified
(undefined) in Veloocipedes. It is assumed that the remaining
vehicle art, comprising some fifty thousand patents now olassi-
fied, for the most part, in Railway Rolling Stook and Oarriages
and Wagons will ultimately be provided for in a series of classes
of which one = Vehioles, Motor = is about to published.

There are no reclassified classes, orcept Bridges, relat-
ing particularly to ways. It is assumed that this matter, whioh
is now also found in the olasses of Railways, Railway Ties and
Fasteners, Railway Rails and Joimta, Railway Switches and Signals,
Hoisting (chutes), Paving, Conveyers, eto., will ultimately be
placed, as far as possible, in a series of classes relating to
ways only.

Four reolassified classes = Store Service, Pneumatic
Dispatoh, Elevators and Traversing Hoists have been carved out
of the matter termed systems. By definition Store Service in-
oludes carriers * designed to operate within the limits of a
building" and "not under control of an operator from the time
they leave one station until they reach another.“ These limi-
tations are immaterial, and apply equally well to many other
transportation devioes. It is believed that the class should
be abolished.

It is assumed that a olass known as Transportation, End-

less Carrier, will be formed to inolude the large number of end-
~29.

less carriers now found in Conveyers, Railways, Harvesters, and,
in fact, throughout the Office. A series of classes should be
established to provide for matter, exoluding valves, now con-
stituting the major portion of Water Distribution, Oonveyers,
subolass pneumatio, Excavating, subclass hydraulic, eto. The
reclassified olass of Pneumatic Dispatch is a part of the sane
group, which, as a whole, might well be designated Transporta-
tion, Fluid Presaure.

This arrangement leaves for the broad or perent class of
Transportetion matter not provided for above together with com-
binations of devices that, taken separately, would fall in
specific classes, as, for example, the combination of an end-
less carrier and a fluid pressure conveyer. The definition

of the class and subclasses follows.
-30-

TRANSPORTATION.
Outline.

Miscellaneous,

Weighing,
Separating,

Pilers,
Piling on edge,
Load binders,

 

Oar-unloading plows,

Vehicle unloading followers,
Loading ships at sea,

Ship to shore,

Floating,

Coal storage type,

Store goods lifters,

Hay handling type,
Step by step,
Auxiliary rake,
Endless carrier,
Tilting wagon body or running gear,
Distributors,

Mail bag delivery type,
Signaling,
Manually held,
Magnetic ,

 

Projeotors ;

Automatically actuated,
Spring,

ow Oo NF oo oOo Fe C8 NN eH

tte
0 OR Ao Ff 4 HN KY SO

20
21
22
RO
24
25
26
@ 3l-

Mail bag delivery type, continued,
Car positioned receiver or support,

 

Laterally sliding receiver or support,
Longitudinally extending auxiliary track,
Gombined receiver and support,
Fork and other reooiver,
Retaining feature,
Fork reociver only
Retaining feature
Impact operated load release,
Reoeiver engaging feature,
Impact operated load release,
Receivers,
Fork,
Retaining feature,
Supports,
Impact operated load release,
Receiver engaging feature,

Charging type,
Rotary levelers,

Reciprocating bar,
Combined with endless oarrioer,
Oharge-supporting,
Grab,
Horizontally swinging,
Pusher discharge,
Spreading and furnace discharging features,
Axially rotatable,
Multiple,

27

30
31
32
38
34
55
356
37

39
40
41
42
43

44
45

* 46

47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
32m

Charging type, continued,
Reciprooating bar, continued,

Horizontally swinging,
Vertioally swinging,
Seotional,

Details,

Combined vehicle dump and carrier,

 

Endless oarrier,

Combined endless oarrier and sorew,

 

Combined endless oarrier and roller-way,
Combined endless oarrier and step=—by-step oarrier,

Combined endless carrier and vertically swineing load-support,

 

Combined hoist and railway,

 

Combined fluid pressure and sorew,

 

Combined step-by-step carrier and rollerway,

 

Vertically swinging load-support,
Tilting track-seotion,
Horizontally swinging,
Wagon-dump type,
Switch systens,
Non-fixed pivot,
Side tilt,
Shakers,
Vehicle-door operating feature,
Car feeding or holding, ©
Second car releasing first,
Shovel or fork type,
Special vehiole body

55
56
57
58

59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67

68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76

77

78
79
80
3 Fen

Vertioally swinging load-support, continued,
Shovel or fork type, continued,
Horizontally swinging,
Vertically adjustable,
Trolley-supported pivoted handle,
Reoiprocating handle,
Link supported,
Handle pivoted to boon,
Swinging laterally from vehiole,
Guided,
Vehicle aotuated,
Tilting,
Extensible support,
Tilting,
Return, buffer or counterweicht feature,
Spring,
Hay retainers,
Shovel or handle structure,
Dumping mechanisn,
Teeth,
Tilting carrier,
Non=fixed pivot,
Swinging laterally from vehiole,
Vehicle aotuated,
Horizontally swinging,
Grab,
Horizontally swinging load support,
Grab,

Magnetio,
Traveling orane type,

81
82
83
84
85
86
87
83
89
90
91
92
9g
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
wn 3 hom

Elevator type,
Mail,
Wagon box lifter type,
Load lowering, automatio return,
Inclined,
Furnace oharging,
Carrier running out from base,
Fork type,
Tilting track seotion,
Tilting oarrioer,
Center dump,
Tilting platforn,
Car-handling,
Side tilt,
Buoket,
Guided,
Tilting,
Grab,
Fork,
Vehicle aotuated, |
Carrier-operated feeding mechanisn,

Sorew or spiral,

Reversible,

Step-by-step,

Reciprocating bar,
Co-acting oatoh,
Interfingered sections,

Trough,

Reciprocating bar,

109
110
111

113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129

130
131

132
133
154
135
136

137
~35-

Power-driven rollers,

Roadway typ9,
Vehicle loading,
Moving vehiole,
Rural mail,
Auxiliary traveling hopper,
Vehicle unloading,
Moving vehiole,
Suspended,
Selective delivery,
Tilting,
Tilting,
Tilting vehicle-body

Ways,
Roller,
Horizontally swinging,

Vehicles,
Garbage,

138

151
162
153

154
155
-36-

CLASS 214. = TRANSPORTATION.
Definitions. -
Class.

The generio olass of transportation. It comprises pro-
cesses and instrumentalities not classifiable in the specific
classes relating to transportation. It inoludes, aiso, means
comprising a series of devices that separately might be classi-
fied in the specific classes, but which by their joinder in-
clude more than is covered by the definitions of such speoific
olasses.

Subclasses.

Note: Patents falling within the definition of more than one
subolass are placed in the subolass having the lowest
number and cross-referenced, if necessary to the other
or others.

1. MISCELLANEOUS. Transportation devices, and parts and

accessories thereto, not elsewhere classifiable.

Ze WEIGHING. Transportation devices in combination with a
weighing means where the total combination claimed is
addpted to acoomplish more than the mere moving and
weighing of the load.

SEARCH CLASS -

78 - MEASURING INSTRUMENTS, appropriate subolasses,
for similar devices involving no modification of
transportation device other than for the purpose
of weighing.

3. SEPARATING. Transportation devices in combination with a
separating means where the total combination claimed is
adopted to accomplish more than the mere moving and
4.

5.

6.

Te

8.

9.

-37=

separating of the material.

SEARCH CLASS -

83 - MILLS, appropriate subclasses, for similar de-
vices involving no modification of transportation
device other than for the purpose of separating.

PILERS. Transportation devices comprising means for ar-
ranging articles, such as lumber, metal sheets or bricks
in special relation to one another in a pile.

SEARCH CLASS -

107 = BREAD, PASTRY and CONFECTION MAKING, subclass 45,

Stacking and packing apparatus.

PILERS, PILING ON EDGE. Pilers oomprising means for piling
articles on edge.

LOAD BINDERS. Devices for binding loads to transportation
vehicless Some special vehicle struoture must be in-
volved.

CAR-UNLOADING PLOWS. Plow or soraper-like devices which are
drawn over cars or vehicles,or under which cars or ve-
hicles are adopted to be drawn for the purpose of un-
loading.

VEHICLE UNLOADING FOLLOWERS. Devices, comprising a follower
or pusher, mounted on a vehicle and constituting a part
thereof, for removing loads therefron.

LOADING SHIPS AT SEA. vevices, not elsewhere olassifiable,
comprising means for transferring loads between ships at

SEARCH CLASS ~

193 - CONVEYERS, for endless carriers designed to trans-
fer loads from ship to ship.
212 - TRAVERSING HOISTS, subclass 72, Linear, Cable, ship-
10.

ll.

126

13.

-38-

coaling type, for owerhead cable ways partioularly
adapted for the same purpose.

SHIP TO SHORE. Devices, not elsewhere classifiable, con-
prising means for transferring loads between a ship
and shore.

SEARCH CLASS -

14 = BRIDGES, subolasses of “Gangways", for ways over
which material is drawn between ship and shore, and
for endless oarrier mounted on gangways.

FLOATING. Devices, not elsewhere classifiable, for moving
material on ships.

SEARCH CLASS =
114 = SHIPS.

193 - CONVEYERS, for endless carriers and fluid pressure
conve yers.

212 = TRAVERSING HOISTS, subclass 3, Floating, for de-
vices for hoisting loads from overhead, and shift-
ing them laterally.

COAL-STORAGE TYPE. Devices, not elsewhere classifiable,
pertioularly adapted for piling and unpiling material
suoh as ooal or ore.

SEARCH CLASS =
193 = CONVEYERS, for endless carriers designed for the

same purpose.

STORE GOODS LIFTERS. Mowable trolleys, or the like, ocom-
prising means for removing material, for example, shoe
boxes, from store shelves.

SEARCH CLASS -

57 - HOISTING, subclass 113, Lifters, Store-goods, for
hand devioes for the same purpose.
-39_

14. HAY HANDLING TYPE. Devices, not elsewhere classifiable,
particularly designed for transferring hay or other
fibrous or loose material.

Hote:- Hay handling devices the struoture of which is within
the definition of any of the structural transportation
classes are excluded.

SEARCH CLASSES -

56 = HARVESTERS, subolass 61, Hay loaders, Endless belts, and
193 ~ CONVEYERS, for endless carriers designed for handling
hay.

15. HAY HANDLING TYPE, STEP-BY-STEP. Hay handling devices that
move the material by a step-by-step motion.

SEARCH CLASS =
214 - TRANSPORTATION, subclass 132, Step-by-step, for
similar carriers of general application.

16. HAY HANDLING TYPE, STEP-BY-STEP, AUXILIARY RAKE. Step-by-step
devices designed for handling hay or like material that
comprise an auxiliary rake for moving the material into
reach of the primary handling elements.

17. HAY HANDLING TYPE, STEP-BY-STEP, AUXILIARY RAKE, ENDLESS
CARRIER. Devices of the type set forth in the title oom
prising an endless carrier rake.

18. HAY HANDLING TYPE, TILTING WAGON BODY OR RUNNING GEAR. Hay
handling devices comprising a wagon body or running gear
arranged to be tilted to receive the load, There is pres-
ent some element such as a spear, fork or sling, that per-
ticularly adapts the device for use with hay or similar
naterial.

SEARCH CLASSES -

21 - CARRIAGES AND WAGONS, and
~40-

105, RAILWAY ROLLING STOCK, appropriate subclasses, for
similar devioes of general application.

19. HAY HANDLING TYPE, DISTRIBUTORB. Devices particularly adapted
for distributing hay or similar material in mows or on
stacks. |

20. MAIL-BAG DELIVERY TYPE. Devices partioularly adapted to trans-
fer mail-bags, train orders, and the like, to or from rapid-
ly moving vehicles.

SEARCH CLASS -

214 = TRANSPORTATION, subclasses 141, Roadway type, Vehicle
loading, Moving vehicle, and 145, Roadway type, Vehiole
unloading, Moving vehicle, and all subolasses there-
under for similar devices of general utility.

103 = PUMPS, subloass 51, Reilway-tank feeders, for similar
devices particularly adapted to transfer water to a
moving vehicle.

21. MAIL-BAG DELIVERY TYPE, SIGNALING FEATURE. Devioes of the mail-
bag delivery type comprising some feature designed for sig-
naling purposes.

SEARCH CLASS -

246 = RAILWAY SIGNALING, appropriate subolasses, for ocom-
bined signaling and staff-transferring systems for dis~-
patching trains.

22. MAIL-BAG DELIVERY TYPE, MANUALLY-HELD. Manually supported de~
vioes for transferring loads or comaunications to or from a
moving vehiole.

SEARCH CLASS -
57 - HOISTING, subolasa 110, Lifters, Pioture, for similar
devices for transferring pioture-hangers to mouldings or
other supports.
25 0

246

256

266

27

-4)-

MAIL-BAG DELIVERY TYPE, MAGNETIC. Magnetioally operated de-
vices for transferring loads or communications to or from
a moving vehicle.

SEARCH CLASS -

214 =» TRANSPORTATION, subclass 107, Magnetic, for magnetic
transportation devices of general utility.
57, HOISTING, subolass 9, Grapples, for magnetic grapples.

MAIL-BAG DELIVERY TYPE, PROJECTORS. Devices ¢ the mail-bag deliv-
ery type comprising means for projecting or throwing a load
or communication to or from a moving vehicle.

Note:=- Chutes, hoppers or releasing devices comprising no means,
other than the weight of the load itself, for imparting to
the load a lateral or longitudinal motion in respect to the
vehicle are exoluded.

SEARCH CLASS -

124 - AIR-GUNS, CATAPULTS AND TARGETS, for non-explosive de-
vices for projecting missiles.

MAIL-BAG DELIVERY TYPE, PROJECTORS, AUTOMATICALLY ACTUATED.
Projectors actuated antomatically by movement of the vehicle
along the traok.

MAIL-BAG DELIVERY TYPE, PROJECTORS, AUTOMATICALLY ACTUATED,
SPRING. Automatically actuated projectors comprising a
spring for imparting motion to the load.

MAIL-BAG DELIVERY TYPE, CAR-POSITIONED RECEIVER OR SUPPORT.
Devices of the mail-bag delivery type comprising a receiver
or support that is thrown into operative position by move-
ment of the oar or vehiole along the traok.

SEARCH CLASS -

214 = TRANSPORTATION, subolass 25, Projectors, Automatiocally-

actuated, and subclass thereunder for receivers and sup-
28 6

506

Sle

S26

-42-

ports that are thrown to operative position by the move-
ment of the car during the process of ejecting a load.

MATL-BAG DELIVERY TYPE, LATERALLY SLIDING RECEIVER OR SUPPORT.
Devices of the mail-bag delivery type comprising a receiver
or support that is mowable laterally of the traok or car by
a sliding motion.

MAIL-BAG DELIVERY TYPE, LONGITUDINALLY EXTENDING AUXILIARY
TRACK. Devices of the mail-beg delivery type comprising an
auxiliary receiving or supporting track that extends in a

general direction longitudinally of the main traok.

SEARCH CLASS -

214 = TRANSPORTATION, subclass 143, Roadway type, Vehiole
loading, Moving vehiole, Auxiliary traveling hopper,
for similar devices of general application.

MAIL-BAG DELIVERY TYPE, COMBINED RECEIVER AND SUPPORT. Devices
of the mail-bag delivery type comprising inventions in the
combination of a receiver and a support or in both receiver
and support.

MAIL-BAG DELIVERY TYPE, COMBINED REOEIVER AND SUPPORT, FORK AND
OTHER RECEIVER. Combined receivers and supports comprising
two types of receivers one only of which is a bar, hook,
V-shaped or similar comparatively sharp or pointed instru-
ment.

Note:- Fork receivers combined with supplemental receiving ele-
ments designed to cooperate with the fork in the aot of re-
ceiving, or to constitute a depository for the load received
by the fork are excluded.

MAIL-BAG DELIVERY TYPE, COMBINED RECEIVER AND SUPPORT, FORK AND
OTHER RECEIVER, RETAINING FEATURE. Devioes of the type set
forth in the title comprising modifications of a fork re-
356

346

556

~43-

oodver especially designed to prevent the load from re-

bounding from the reoeiver.

SEARCH CLASS = |
214 = TRANSPORTATION, subclasses 34, Mail-bag delivery type,

Fork receiver only, Retaining feature, and subclasses
thereunder, and 40, Mail-bag delivery type, Receivers,
Fork, Retaining feature, for retainers.

MAIL-BAG DELIVERY TYPE, COMBINED RECEIVER AND SUPPORT, FORK
RECEIVER ONLY. Oombined receivers and supports comprising
a single type of reoeiver that consists in a bar, hook,
Veshaped or similar comparatively sharp or pointed instru-
nent.

SEARCH CLASS -

214 - TRANSPORTATION, “Mail-bag delivery", all subolasses
thereunder in the title of whioh the word "fork" ooours,
for fork receivers.

MAIL=-BAG DELIVERY TYPE, COMBINED RECEIVER AND SUPPORT, FORK
RECEIVER ONLY, RETAINING FEATURE. Devices of the type indi-
cated by the title comprising modifications of a fork receiver
especially designed to prevent the load from rebounding from
the receiver.

SEARCH CLASS -

214 - TRANSPORTATION, “Mail-bag delivery", all subclasses
in the title of which “Retaining feature® ocoure for
retainers.

MATL-BAG DELIVERY TYPE, COMBINED RECEIVER AND SUPPORT, FORK
RECEIVER ONLY, RETAINING FEATURE, IMPACT OPERATED LOAD-RELEASE.
Devices of the type indicated by the title oomprising modi-
fications of a fork receiver especially designed to prevent

the load from rebounding from the reoeiver and also latoh or
~44-

similar means, operated by movement of the wehiole along

the traok, for releasing another load from its support.
SEARCH CLASS -

214 - TRANSPORTATION, a1] subclasses under “Mail-bag delivery",
in the title of which “Impaot-operated load release" occurs
for load releasing features.

36. MAIL-BAG DELIVERY, COMBINED RECEIVER AND SUPPORT, FORK RECEIVER
ONLY, RETAINING FEATURE, RECEIVER ENGAGING FEATURE. Devices
of the type indicated by the title comprising modifications
of a fork receiver especially designed to prevent the load
from rebounding from the receiver, and also some special
means, connected with the load, for engaging with the re-
ceiver and sustaining the shook incident to contact there-
with.

SEARCH CLASS =

214 - TRANSPORTATION, subolass 22, Mail-beg delivery type,
Manually-held, also all subolasses under “Mail-bag de-
livery” in the title of which “Receiver-engaging
feature” occurs for receiver-engaging shock-receiving
devices.

37. MAIL-BAG DELIVERY, COMBINED RECEIVER AND SUPPORT, IMPACT-
OPERATED LOAD-RELEASE. Combined receivers and supports,
not elsewhere classifiable, comprising a support, in the
form of a latoh or similar member mounted either on the
wehiéle or along the track, and means either along the
track or on the vehiole, for contacting withand releasing
the load-holding means.

SEARCH CLASS -

214 - TRANSPORTATION, subolass 25, Mail-bag delivery, Pro-

jeotors, Automatically actuated, and subclass there-
 
58 6

39.

40.

4l.

-45-

under, for impact operated load=projeoting devices; also
all subolasses under “Mail-bag delivery" in the title of
which “Impact operated load-release” occurs for other
load releasing features.

MAIL-BAG DELIVERY TYPE, RECKIVERS. Devices of the mail-bag
delivery type, not elsewhere classifiable, mounted either
on the vehicle or along the track, for reoeiving the load,
respeotively, from a support along the track or on the vehicle.

SEARCH CLASS -
£14 = TRANSPORTATION, subclasses 24, Mail-beg delivery type,

Projeotors, and subclasses thereunder, and 30, Mail—-bag
delivery type, Combined receiver and support, and sub-
class thereunder.

MAIL-BAG DELIVERY TYPE, RECEIVERS, FORKS. Receivers compris-
ing a ber, hook, V-shaped or similar comparatively sharp or
pointed instrument.

Note:= Skeleton scoops and the like are exoluded.

SEARCH CLASS -

214 = TRANSPORTATION, all subclasses under “Mail-bag de-
livery, Combined receiver and support", in the title
of which the word “fork" occurs.

MAIL-BAG DELIVERY, RECEIVERS, FORKS, RETAINING FEATURE. Fork
receivers oomprising some special means for preventing the
load from rebounding from the receiver.

SEARCH CLASS -

214 = TRANSPORTATION, all subolasses under "Mail-bag de-
livery, Combined receiver and support", in the title
of which “Retaining feature" ocours.

MATL-BAG DELIVERY TYPE, SUPPORTS. Devices of the mail-bag de-
-46-

livery type, mounted either on the vehicle or along the

traok, for supporting the load preparatory to delivering

it to a receiver mounted, respectively along the traok or

on the vehicle.

SEARCH CLASS -

214 = TRANSPORTATION, all subclasses under “Mail-bag deliv-
ery type" except “Receivers”, and subolasses thereunder.

42. MAIL-BAG DELIVERY TYPE, SUPPORTS, IMPACT-OPERATED LOAD RELEASE.
Supports oomprising a load-holding means, in the form of a
latoh or similar device mounted either on the vehiole or
along the track, and means either along the track or on the
vehiole for contacting with and releasing the load-holding
means.

SEARCH CLASS -

214 - TRANSPORTATION, subclass 25, Mail-bag delivery type,
Projectors, Automatically actuated, and subclass there-
under, for impact operated load-projecting devices; also
all subolasses under “Mail-bag delivery" in the title of
which “Impaot-operated load-release" ocours.

43. MAIL-BAG DELIVERY TYPE, SUPPORTS, RECEIVER ENGAGING FEATURE.
Supports comprising a special means, to which the load is
attached, for engaging with a receiver usually for the pur-
pose of receiving the shook of impact, thus preventing in-
jury to begs or other loads.

SEARCH CLASS -

214 = TRANSPORTATION, subolass 22, Mail-bag delivery type,
Manually-held, and all subclasses under “Mail-bag de-
livery type” in the title of whioh “Receiver engaging

feature” ocours.
a4 7-

44. CHARGING TYPE. Devices, not elsewhere classifiable, partiou-
larly adapted for oharging or discharging ovens, furnaces
or similar containers.

SEARCH CLASS -

214 = TRANSPORPATION, subclass 114, Elevator type, In-
clined, Furnace charging, for oharging devices con-
sisting of an inolined track and a car traveling
thereon.

57 = HOISTING, subolass 37, Chutes, for inclined chutes.

110 = FURNACES, subclass 101, Feeding, and subclasses
thereunder, for charging devices particularly adapted
to spread fuel.

193 - CONVEYERS, for endless carriers and fluid-pressure oon-
veyers designed for charging purposes.

202 = OHARCOAL AND COKE, subclass 5, Charges and discharges,
for combined chargers and quenchers.

45. CHARGING TYPE, ROTARY LEVELERS. Charging devices consisting
of one or more rotary arms designed to trim or level m-
terial, usually coal, in ovens or the like. The arm
ordinarily rotates about a vertical axis.

46. OHARGING TYPE, RECIPROCATING BAR. Charging devices comprising
a ber or bars designed to be inserted, from the side, into
the container to be charged.

SEARCH CLASS -

214 = TRANSPORTATION, subclass 137, Reciprocating bar, for
similar devices of general application.

47. CHARGING TYPE, RECIPROCATING BAR, COMBINED WITH ENDLESS CAR-
RIER. Reoiprocating bar charging devices combined with an
endless carrier, usually designed to bear away material

withdrawn by the bar.
48.

49.

50.

51.

526

53.

54.

~48-

CHARGING TYPE, RECIPROCATING BAR, CHARGE-SUPPORTING. Recip-
rocating ber oharging devices comprising a bar that is
designed to support the load during the charging or dis-
charging operation.

CHARGING TYPE, RECIPROCATING BAR, CHARGE-SUPPORTING, GRAB.
Charge-supporting reoiprooating bars inoluding a grab de-
signed to seize the material.

SEARCH CLASS -

214 = TRANSPORTATION, subclass 126, Elevator type, Grab,
for grabs mounted on a vertically reoiprocating bar.

CHARGING, RECIPROCATING BAR, CHARGE-SUPPORTING, GRAB, HORIZON-
TALLY SWINGING. Charge supporting reoiprooating bars in-
cluding a grab that is mounted to swinging horizontally.

CHARGING TYPE, RECIPROCATING BAR, CHARGE-SUPPORTING, PUSHER
DISCHARGE. Char ge supporting reoiprocating bars comprising
@ pusher or the like for discharging the load from the bar.

CHARGING TYPE, RECIPROCATING BAR, CHARGE-SUPPORTING, PUSHER
DISCHARGE, SPREADING AND FURNACE DISCHARGING FEATURES.
Devices of the type set forth in the title comprising ele-
ments designed for pushing a former charge from a furnace
or similar container, or for spreading the charge being
inserted.

CHARGING TYPE, RECIPROCATING BAR, CHARGE-SUPPORTING, AXTALLY
ROTATABLE. Charge-supporting reciprocating bars comprising
a load-engaging means that is rotatable about an axis paral-
lel with the axis of the reciprocating bar. In some cases
the whole bar is rotatable.

CHARGING TYPE, RECIPROCATING BAR, MULTIPLE. Devices of the
charging type that comprise a plurality of reciprocating bars.
55.

56.

57.

58.

59.

60.

-49-

CHARGING TYPE, RECIPROCATING BAR, HORIZONTALLY SWINGING.
Devices of the charging type, not elsewhere classifiable,
comprising a reciprocating bar mounted to swing horison-
tally.

SEARCH CLASS -

214 = TRANSPORTATION, subclass 50, Charging type, Reoipro-
cating bar, Charge-supporting, Grab, Horizontally swing-
ing, for similar devices oomprising a grab.

CHARGING TYPE, RECIPROCATING BAR, HORIZONTALLY SWINGING,
VERTICALLY SWINGING. Devices of the charging type, not
elsewhere classifiable, comprising a reciprocating bar
mounted to swing horizontally and also vertically. |

SEARCH CLASS -

214 - TRANSPORTATION, appropriate subolasses under subolass
68, Vertically swinging load-support, for similar de-
vices of general application.

CHARGING TYPE, RECIPROCATING BAR, SECTIONAL. Reoiprocating
charging bars oomprising a plurality of sections.

CHARGING TYPE, RECIPROCATING BAR, DETAILS. Details, usually
heads, of reciprocating charging bars.

COMBINED VEHICLE DUMP AND CARRIER. Transportation devices conm-
prising the combination of means for dumping a vehiole with
means for removing the material from the vicinity of the
dumping meang.

Note:- Combinations of vehiole dumps and gravity-operated
carriers are classified with the partioular wehiocle dump-
ing mechanisn.

COMBINED VEHICLE DUMP AND CARRIER, ENDLESS CARRIER. Devices of

the combined wehiole dump and oarrier type in which the
carrier is of the endless type.
-50-

61. COMBINED ENDLESS CARRIER AND SCREW. Transportation devices
comprising the combination of an endless carrier with a
sorew or helioal carrier.

62. COMBINED ENDLESS CARRIER AND ROLLER-WAY. Transportation devices
comprising the combination of an endless oarrier with a
roller-way.

63. COMBINED ENDLESS CARRIER AND STEP-BY-STEP CARRIER. Trans-
portation devices comprising the combination of an endless
carrier with a carrier having a reciprocating or step-by-
step motion.

64. COMBINED ENDLESS CARRIER AND VERTICALLY SWINGING LOAD-SUPPORT.
Transportation devices comprising the combination of an
endless oarrier with a load supporting frame that is
mounted to swing in a wertioal plane.

65. COMBINED HOIST AND RAILWAY. Transportation devices comprising
the combination of a hoisting means, a carrier to be hoisted,
a railway associated with the hoisting means, and means
whereby the hoisting carrier is either detached from the
hoisting means and attached to a oar, carrier or the like
on the railway, or has its contents dumped into a carrier
on the railway.

SEARCH CLASS =
214 - TRANSPORTATION, subclass 109, Elevator type, and
subclasses thereunder, for hoisting devices associated
with railways, the arrangement being such that the
load hoisted runs from the hoisting means and along
the railway without being supported by any second
oarrier on the railway.
66. COMBINED FLUID PRESSURE AND SCREW. Transportation devices

comprising the combination of a fluid pressure conveyer
67.

68.

69.

706

Tle

T26

73.6

-51-

with a sorew or helical carrier.

COMBINED STEP BY STEP CARRIER AND ROLLERWAY. Transportation
devices comprising the combination of a reciprocating or
step-by-step carrier with a roller-way.

VERTICALLY SWINGING LOAD-SUPPORT. Transportation devices, not
elsewhere classifiable, comprising a load-carrying member
mounted to swing in a vertical plane.

SEARCH CLASS -

212 —- TRAVERSING HOISTS, appropriate subolasses, for ver-
tically swinging load supports from which the load is
suspended by a freely swinging cable.

VERTICALLY SWINGING LOAD-SUPPORT, TILTING TRACK SECTION.
Vertically swinging load supports the swinging portion of
which is a seotion of a track or roadway.

SEARCH CLASS -

214 = TRANSPORTATION, subclass 117, Elevator type, Inclined,
Tilting track section.

VERTICALLY SWINGING LOAD-SUPPORT, TILTING TRACK SECTION, HOR-
IZONTALLY SWINGING. Tilting traok sections mounted to swing
horizontally.

VERTICALLY SWINGING LOAD-SUPPORT, TILTING TRACK SECTION, WAGON
DUMP TYPE. Tilting track sections designed to dump wagons.

VERTICALLY SWINGING LOAD-SUPPORT, TILTING TRACK SECTIONS,
SWITCH SYSTEMS. Tilting track seotions comprising a switoh
for the purpose of returning a car by another track from
that on which it approaches the tilting section.

VERTICALLY SWINGING LOAD-SUPPORT, TILTING TRACK SECTION, NON-
FIXED PIVOT. Tilting track sections mounted to swing about

a non-fixed pivot.
74.

15.6

76.

TT

78.

19.6

80.

~52-

SEARCH CLASS =
214 = TRANSPORTATION, subclass 100, Vertically swinging
load-support, Non-fixed pivot.
14 = BRIDGES, subolass 39, Draw, Bageoule, Non-pivoted, and

subolass thereunder.

VERTICALLY SWINGING LOAD-SUPPORT, TILTING TRACK SECTION,

SIDE TILT. Tilting traok seotions mounted to swing about
@n axis parallel to the line of the traok.

VERTICALLY SWINGING LOAD-SUPPORT, TILTING TRACK SECTION, SHAKERS.
Tilting track seotions provided with means for shaking or
vibrating the cer to discharge the oontents.

VERTICALLY SWINGING LOAD-SUPPORT, TILTING TRACK SECTION, VEHICLE-
DOOR OPERATING FEATURE. Tilting traok seotions comprising
meana for opening or closing the door of a vehiole placed
thereon.

VERTICALLY SWINGING LOAD SUPPORT, TILTING TRACK SECTION, CAR
FEEDING OR HOLDING. Tilting track sections comprising
means for feeding cars along the track or for clamping or
holding them to the section.

VERTICALLY SWINGING LOAD SUPPORT, TILTING TRACK SECTION, CAR FEED-
ING OR HOLDING, SECOND CAR RELEASING FIRST. Tilting sec-
tions provided with car-feeding or holding means so de-
signed that a second car, in approaching, operates to re-
lease one already on the section.

VERTICALLY SWINGING LOAD-SUPPORT, SHOVFL OR FORK TYPE. Ver-
tically swinging load supports comprising a shovel, fork
or similar load-engaging element mounted on the swinging
support.

VERTICALLY SWINGING LOAD-SUPPORT, SHOVEL OR FORK TYPE, SPECIAL
VEHICLE BODY. Vertically swinging load supports of the
81.

82.

83.

84.

-53=-

shovel or fork type comprising special construction of a

vehicle body.

VERTICALLY SWINGING LOAD SUPPORT, SHOVEL OR FORK TYPE, HOR-
IZONTALLY SWINGING. Vertically swinging load supports of
the shovel or fork type designed to swing horizontally.

SEARCH CLASS -

214 + TRANSPORTATION, appropriate subclasses under
"Charging type", for similar devices used for chargirg
or discharging ovens and the like.

VERTICALLY SWINGING LOAD SUPPORT, SHOVEL OR FORK TYPE, HOR-
IZONTALLY SWINGING, VERTICALLY ADJUSTABLE. Vertically
swinging load supports of the type indicated by the title
comprising means for adjusting the swinging member bodily in

a vertical direction.

SEARCH CLASS ~
£212 = TRAVERSING HOISTS, subclasses 57, Rotary oranes,

Variable radius, Vertically movable jib, and 64,
Rotary cranes, Fixed radius, Vertically movable jib,
for ‘adjusting features.

VERTICALLY SWINGING LOAD-SUPPORT, SHOVEL OR FORK TYPE, HOR-
IZONTALLY SWINGING, TROLLEY-SUPPORTED PIVOTED HANDLE.
Load supports of the type indicated by the title com-
prising a shovel or fork handle that swings vertically
about a pivot carried on a trolley or similar device.

VERTICALLY SWINGING LOAD-SUPPORT, SHOVEL OR FORK TYPE, HOR-
IZONTALLY SWINGING, RECIPROCATING HANDLE. Load sup-
ports of the type indicated by the title comprising a
shovel or fork handle that may be reciprocated longi-
tudinally.
85.

86.

87.

88.

89.

90.

~54—

VERTICALLY SWIKGING LOAD-SUPPORT, SIIOVEL OR FORK TYPE, HOR-
IZONTALLY SWINGING, RECIPROCATING HANDLE, LINK-SUPPORTED.
Load supports of the type indicated by the title comprising
a reciprocating shovel handle that is attached to its sup-
port by links.

VERTICALLY SWINGING LOAD SUPPORT, SHOVEL OR FORK TYPE, HOR-
IZONTALLY SWINGING, HANDLE PIVOTED TO BOOM. Load supports
of the type indicated by the title comprising a shovel or
fork handle attached to a boom by a fixed pivot.

VERTICALLY SWINGING LOAD SUPPORT, SHOVEL OR FORK TYPE, SWING-
ING LATERALLY FROM VEHICLE. Vertically swinging load sup-
ports of the shovel or fork type mounted on a pivot that
extends longitudinally of a vehicle.

VERTICALLY SWINGING LOAD-SUPPORTS, SHOVEL OR FORK TYPE, GUIDED.
Vertically swinging load supports of the shovel or fork
type comprising means, such as a trolley and track, in
addition to the pivoting means, for guiding the support
in its swinging movement.

VERTICALLY SWINGING LOAD-SUPPORT, SHOVEL OR FORK TYPE, VEHICLE
ACTUATED. Vertically swinging load supports of the shovel
or fork type, mounted on a vehicle, and means whereby the
support, is swung by the forward movement of the vehicle.

SEARCH CLASS =
214 = TRANSPORTATION, subclass 102, Vertically swinging

load=-support, Vehiole actuated, for vehicle actuated
features.

VERTICALLY SWINGING LOAD-SUPPORT, SHOVEL OR FORK TYPE, VEHICLE
ACTUATED, TILTING. Load supports of the type indicated by
the title comprising a shovel or fork mounted on the sup-
port in such manner as to be capable of tilting in respect
thereto.
91.

92.6

936

94.

-55-

SEARCH CLASS -

214 = TRANSPORTATION, subclasses 92, Vertically swinging
load=support, Shovel or fork type, Tilting, and 99,
Vertically swinging load-support, Tilting carrier, for
other tilting oarriers.

VERTICALLY SWINGING LOAD-SUPPORT, SHOVEL OR FORK TYPE, EXTEN-
SIBLE SUPPORT. Load supports of the type indicated by the
title comprising means whereby the distance from the pivot,
about which the support swings, to the load-engaging element
may be varied. .

VERTICALLY SWINGING LOAD-SUPPORT, SHOVEL OR FORK TYPE, TILTING.
Vertically swinging load supports of the type indioated by
the title comprising a shovel or fork mounted on the support
in such manner as to be capable of tilting in respect there-
to.

SEARCH CLASS -

214 = TRANSPORTATION, subclass 90, Vertically swinging load-
support, Shovel or fork type, Vehicle aotuated, Tilting,
and subclass 99, Vertically swinging load support, Tilt-
ing carrier.

VERTICALLY SWINGING LOAD-SUPPORT, SHOVEL OR FORK TYPE, RETURN,
BUFFER OR COUNTERWEIGHT FEATURE. Vertically swinging load-
supports of the type indicated by the title comprising some
speoial means for returning the fork or shovel handle to its
normal position, or some special buffer mechanism for
cushioning the frame, or some special counterweight mech-
anism for the frame.

VERTICALLY SWINGING LOAD-SUPPORT, SHOVEL OR FORK TYPE, RETURN,
BUFFER OR COUNTERWEIGHT FEATURE, SPRING. Vertically swing-
ing load supports of the type indicated by the title con-
956

96.

97.

98.

99.

100.

~56-

prising return, buffer or counterweight mechanism consisting
of a spring or springs.

VERTICALLY SWINGING LOAD-SUPFORT, SHOVEL OR FORK TYPE, HAY
RETAINERS. Improverente in devioes for retaining hay upon
the forks of vertically swhnging load-supports.

VERTICALLY SWINCING LOAD-SUPPORT, SHOVEL OR FORK TYPE, SHOVEL
OR HANDLE STRUCTURE. Improvements in the structure of the
shovel or handle of vertically swinging load supports.

VERTICAL SWINGING LOAD-SUPPORTS, SHOVEL OR FORK TYPE, SHOVEL
OR HANDLE STRUCTURE, DUMPING NECHANISM. Improvements in
mechanism for dumping shovels or forks of vertically |
swinging load-supports.

VERTICALLY SWINGING LOAD-SUPPORTS, SHOVEL OR FORK TYPE, SHOVEL
OR HANDLE STRUCTURE, TEETH. Improvements in teeth of shovels
or forks of vertically swinging losad-supports.

SEARCH CLASS =
214 = TRANSPORTATION, subclass 95, Vertioally swinging load-

support, Shovel or fork type, Hay retainers, for modi-
fications of teeth designed to retain the load.

VERTICALLY SWINGING LOAD-SUPPORT, TILTING CARRIER. Vertically

swinging load-supports, not elsewhere classifiable, com-
prising a carrier mounted on the support in such manner as to
be oapable of tilting in respect thereto.

SEARCH CLASS =

214 + TRANSPORTATION, subclasses 90, Vertioally swinging load-
support, Shovel or fork type, Vehicle actuated, Tilting,
and 92, Vertioally swinging load-support, Shovel or fork
type, Tilting, for tilting shovels or forks.

VERTICALLY SWINGING LOAD-SUPPORT, NON-FIXED PIVOT. Vertioally
winging load-supports, not elsewhere classifiable, mounted
-§7-

to swing about a non-fixed pivot.
SEARCH CLASS -
214 = TRANSPORTATION, subclass 73, Vertically swinging load-
support, Tilting track-seotion, Non-fixed pivot, and sub-
classes noted thereunder, for other load-supports similar-

ly mounted.
101. VERTICALLY SWINGING LOAD-SUPPORT, SWINGING LATERALLY FROM

VEHICLE. Vertically swinging load-supports, not elsewhere
classifiable, mounted on a pivot that extends longitudinally
of a vehiole.

SEARCH CLASS -

214 - TRANSPORTATION, subclass 87, Vertically swinging load-
support, Showel or fork type, Swinging laterally from
vehicle.

102. VERTICALLY SWINGING LOAD-SUPPORT, VEHICLE ACTUATED. Vertically
swinging load-supportas, not elsewhere olessifiable, mounted
on a vehicle and means whereby the support ia swung by
the forward movement of the vehicle.

SEARCH CLASS -

214 = TRANSPORTATION, subolass 89, Vertioally swinging load-
support, Shovel or fork type, Vehicle sotuated, and sub-
class thereunder.

103. VERTICALLY SWINGING LOAD-SUPPORT, HORIZONTALLY SWINGING. Ver-
tically swinging load-supports, not elsewhere classifable,
comprising means for swinging a load horizontally.

SEARCH CLASS -

214-TRANSPORTATION, subclass 81, Vertically swinging load-support,
shovel or fork type, Horisontally swinging, and subclasses
thereunder, and

212=TRAVERSING HOISTS, appropriate subclasses under suboless 29,
-~58-

Rotary cranes, for other vertically and horizontally
swinging load-supports designed to hoist and transfer
loads.

104. VERTICALLY SWINGING LOAD-SUPPORT, HORIZONTALLY SWINGING, GRAB.
Vertically and horizontally swinging load-supports comprising
a grab thet is connected to the support by a rigid connection,
or a reciprocating ber.

SEARCH CLASS -

214 =~ TRANSPORTATION, subclass 50, Charging type, Reoipro-
oating bar, Charge-esupporting, Grab, Horizontally swing-
ing, for similar oharging devices.

212 = TRAVERSING HOISTS, subolass 42, Rotary cranes, Load-
handling, Grab and 44, Rotary cranes, Load handling,
Portable, Grab, for similar devices wherein the grab
or grapple is connected to its support by a cable.

105. HORIZONTALLY SWINGING LOAD-SUPPORT. Load-supports, not else-
where classifiable, mounted to swing horizontally.

SEARCH CLASS =

214 = TRANSPORTATION, appropriate subolasses under *Vertioal-
ly swinging loed-support", and

212 = TRAVERSING HOISTS, appropriate subclasses under “Rotary
cranes” for horizontally swinging load supports capeble
of swinging vertically, and for horizontally swinging
load-supports from which the load is suspended by a
cable.

106. HORIZONTALLY SWINGING LOAD-SUPPORT, GRAB. Horizontally swinging
load-supports, not elsewhere olassifiable, comprising a grab
or grapple that is connected to the support by a rigid oon-
neotion, or a reciprocating bar.

SEARCH CLASS =
214 = TRANSPORTATION, appropriate subclasses under "Vertically
-59-

swinging load-support”, and

212 = TRAVERSING HOISTS, appropriate subclasses under “Rotary
cranes", for horizontally swinging load-supports that also
swing vertically, and for horizontally swinging load-sup-
ports from which the load is suspended by a oable or by a
traveling trolley.

107 = MAGNETIC. Transportation devices, not elsewhere classifiable,
comprising a magnetio load-engaging or holding means.

SEARCH CLASS -
214 = TRANSPORTATION, subclass 23, Mail-bag delivery type,
Magnetic, and
57 ~- HOISTING, subclass 9, Grapples.

108. TRAVELING CRANE TYPE. Transportation devices, not elsewhere
classifiable, comprising a traveling bridge and a hoisting
trolley thereon.

SEARCH CLASS =
212 = TRAVERSING HOISTS, subclass 10, Traveling oranes, and
subolasses thereunder, for similar devices comprising
hoisting and traversing features only.

109. ELEVATOR TYPE. Transportation devices, comprising a car, buoket
or similar carrier having a movement upward and back along a
vertical or inclined line, and meang for loading or unloading
the carrier. There may be movement transversely of the prim-
ary line of travel ef the carrier, but it is slight, and
usually for the purpose of loading or unloading.

SEARCH CLASSES -
104 = RAILWAYS, and
187 = ELEVATORS, for similar devices having no means for
loading er unloading the carrier.

110. ELEVATOR TYPE, MAIL. Transportation devices of the elevator

type, designed to carry mail.
-60-

SEARCH CLASS =
214 = TRANSPORTATION, subclass 20, Mail-beg delivery type, and
142, Roadway type, Vehiole loading, Moving vehicle, Rural
mail, for other mail transferring nechanisn.

111. ELEVATOR TYPE, WAGON BOX LIFTER TYPE. Dewice of the elevator types
designed to lift a wagon box or similar oarrier bodily
and dump it.

SEARCH CLASS -
57 ~- HOISTING, subcless 79, Wagon raisers, for similar de-
vices having no dumping feature.

112. ELEVATOR TYPE, LOAD LOWERING, AUTOMATIC RETURN. Devices of the
elevator type designed to lower a load, release it, and au-
tomatiocally return the carrier to loading position.

SEARCH CLASS -
187 = ELEVATORS, appropriate subolasses, for similer devices
having no releasing features.

113. ELEVATOR TYPE, INCLINED. Elevator type devices comprising an
inclined traok.

SEARCH CLASS =
187 - ELEVATORS, subclass 12, Inclined, and subclasses
thereunder, for similar devices having no loading or
unloading mechanism,

114. ELEVATOR TYPE, INCLINED, FURNACE CHARGING. Inclined elevator
type devices comprising features that especially adapt them
for furnace charging purposes.

SEARCH CLASS =
75 «= METALLURGY, subclass 114, Furnaces, Blast, Charging
devices, and subolass thereunder, for similar devices
comprising specific furnace structure.
115. ELEVATOR TYPE, INCLINED, CARRIER RUNNING OUT FROM BASE. In-

olined elevator type devices comprising a carrier, usually
116.

117.

118.

119.

120.

121.

1226

-§]-

a fork or scoop, designed to move out. from the traok at
its lower end, ordinarily for the purpose of gathering or
reocekving a load.

ELEVATOR TYPE, INCLINED, FORK TYPE. Inclined elevator type
devices comprising a fork-like or skeleton oarrier.

Note:~ These devices usually receive hay from a bull-rake.

ELEVATOR TYPE, INCLINED, TILTING TRACK SECTION. . Inclined ele-
vator type devices comprising a tilting track section.

SEARCH CLASS -

214 — TRANSPORTATION, subcless 69, Vertically swinging
load support, Tilting track section, and subclasses
thereunder, for other tilting track seotions.

ELEVATOR TYPE, INCLINED, TILTING CARRIER. Inclined elevator
type devices, not elsewhere classifiable comprising means
for tilting a carrier to discharge it.

SEARCH CLASS - .

214 = TRANSPORTATION, subolasses of "Furnace charging",
"Carrier running out from bese”, “Fork or rake", and
"Tilting track seotion” under “Elevator type, Inolined".

ELEVATOR TYPE, CENTER-DUMP. Devices of the elevator type com-
prising an elevating platform provided with doors, usually
two in number, that open along the oenter line of the plat-
form to discharge the load.

ELEVATOR TYPE, TILTING PLATFORM. Elevator type devices com-
prising a tilting platform carrier.

ELEVATOR TYPE, TILTING PLATFORM, CAR HANDLING. Tilting plat-
form elevators comprising means for holding or feeding cars.

ELEVATOR TYPE, TILTING PLATFORM, CAR-HANDLING, SIDE TILT.
Tilting platform elevators oconuprising means for holding or
feeding a car the arrangement being suoh thet the car may
tilt about its own longitudinal axis.
1236

124.6

125.

126.

127.

128 «

129.

130.

-62-

ELEVATOR TYPE, BUCKET. Devices of the elevator type comprising
a buoket oarrier.

SEARCH CLASS =
57 - HOISTING, subclass 13, Hoisting buckets, for bucket

structure.

ELEVATOR TYPE, BUCKET, GUIDED. Dewioes of the elevator type
oomprising a bucket carrier and a track or similar gui de
with whioh it cooperates in its vertical moverent.

SEARCH CLASS =
214 = TRANSPORTATION, subclass 113, Elevator type, Inolined,

and subclasses thereunder.

ELEVATOR TYPE, BUCKET, GUIDED, TILTING. Devioes of the ele-
vator type, comprising a bucket carrier and a track or
similar guide arranged to tilt the buoket at some point
in ita movement.

ELEVATOR TYPE, GRAB. Devioes of the elevator type comprising
a grab carrier, an elevated support and means operating
through the support for opening and closing the grab.

ELEVATOR TYPE, FORK. Devices of the elevator type comprising
en elevated support, a fork carrier, and meang operating
through the support, for loading or unloading the fork.

ELEVATOR TYPE, FORK, VEHICLE AOTUATED. Devices of the elevator
type comprising an elevated vehioular support, a fork car-
rier, neans operating through the support for loading or
unloading the fork, and means whereby the fork is raised
by the forwerd movement of the vehicle.

ELEVATOR TYPE, CARRIER-OPERATED FEEDING MECHANISM. Elevator-
type devices comprising means, operated by the movement of
the carrier, for feeding loads or material to the carrier.

SCREW OR SPIRAL. Transportation devices comprising a rotating
screw or helioal member for impelling the load or material.
131.

132.

1336

134.

135.

-63-

SEARCH CLASS =
170 - MOTORS, FLUID CURRENT, subclass 156, Impellers, Sorew,

and subclasses thereunder.

SCREW OR SPIRAL, REVERSIBLE. Transportation devices of the
screw or spiral type having special means for reversing the
effective compnnent of their notion.

STEP-BY-STEP. Transportation devices, not elsewhere classi-
fiable, comprising means for imparting a step-by-step mo-
tion to the load.

SEARCH CLASS -

214 = TRANSPORTATION, subclass 15, Hay-handling type, Step-
by-step, and subolasses thereunder, for similar carriers
particularly adapted to handle hay.

83 - MILLS, subclasses under “Ore and coal, Separators"
and "Sifters and Screens".

141 - WASHING APPARATUS, appropriate subclasses.

STEP-BY-STEP, RECIPROCATING BAR. Transportation devices of the
step-by-step type wherein the load is moved by reoiprooating
movement. of a bar that contacts direotly therewith.

STEP-BY-STEP, RECIPROCATING BAR, CO-ACTING CATCH. Step-by-
atep devices comprising a catch that co-acts with the load
to prevent return novement while the bar is returning for
another stroke.

STEP-BY-STEP, RECIPROCATING BAR, INTERFINGERED SECTIONS. Step-
by-step devices comprising a series of interfingered carry-
ing sections or bars one of which moves forward with the
load while another is returning to a position to make a
new stroke.

SEARCH CLASS -

110 - FURNACES, eppropriate subclasses, for grates con-

etructed in ea similar manner.
136.

137.

138.

139.

140.

~64~-

STEP-BY-STEP, TROUGH. Step-by-step devices comprising a trough
that supports the load and means for vibrating the trough
to move the load.

RECIPROCATING BAR. Transportation devices, not elsewhere
olassifiable, comprising a bar and means fer reciprocating
the bar in the line of its length.

Note:= The distinction between this subclass and subclass 132,
Step-by-step, and subclasses thereunder, is that in the
latter cases the movement of the load consists of a series
of steps, while in the present subclass the loed is moved
by a single forward movement.

SEARCH CLASS -

214 - TRANSPORTATION, subclass 46, Charging type, Recip-
rocating ber, and subolasses thereunder.

POWER-DRIVEN ROLLERS. Transportation devices comprising a series
of rollers upon which a load is designed to be placed, and
means for rotating them to propel the load.

SEARCH CLASS -

80 - METAL ROLLING, especially subclass 43, Feeding, and
subolasses thereunder.

ROADWAY TYPE. Transportation devices, not elsewhere classi-
fiable, comprising a roadway, a vehicle or carrier moving
thereon, and means on the roadway co-operating with means
on the vehicle for loading or unloading the vehicle, and
parts accessory thereto.

SEARCH CLASS =
214 - TRANSPORTATION, subolass 105, Elewator type, and

subolasses thereunder, for similar devices comprising
an inclined or vertical roadway.
193 - CONVEYERS, for endless oarriers.
ROADWAY TYPE, VEHICLE LOADING. Roadway type devices oompris-

ing means for loading the vehicle.
141.

142.

143.

144.

145.

-~€5-

ROADWAY TYPE, VEHICLE LOADING, MOVING VEHICLE. Roadway type
devices, not elsewhere classifiable, oomprising means
particularly adapted to load moving vehicles.

SEARCH CLASS -

214 = TRANSPORTATION, subclass 20, Mail-bag delivery type,
and subclasses thereunder, for similer devices par-
tioularly adapted to transfer mail-bags to moving
trains.

ROADWAY TYPE, VEHICLE LOADING, MOVING VEHICLE, RURAL MAIL.
Roadway type devices comprising a moving vehiole par-
ticularly adapted to collect rural mail.

ROADWAY TYPE, VEHICLE LOADING, MOVING VEHICLE, AUXILIARY
TRAVELING HOPPER. Roadway devices, especially adapted to
load moving vehicles, comprising an auxiliary hopper or
carrier designed to move in a direction generally parallel
to the line of track upon which the wehicle to be loaded
is mounted, and to transfer its load to the vehicle-

SEARCH CLASS =
214 = TRANSPORTATION, subclass 29, Mail-bag delivery type,

Longitudinally extending auxiliary track, for similar
devices particularly adapted to deliver mail to moving
trains,

ROADWAY TYPE, VEHICLE UNLOADING. Roadway type devices com-
prising means for unloading the vwehiole.

ROADWAY TYPE, VEHICLE UNLOADING, MOVING VEHICLE. Roadway type
devices, not elsewhere classifiable, comprising means per-
ticularly adapted to unload a movim vehicle.

SEARCH CLASS -

214 — TRANSPORTATION, subclass 20, Mail-bag delivery type,
and subclasses thereunder for similar devices, par-
ticularly adapted to unload mail-bags from moving
trains.
146. ROADWAY TYPE, VEHICLE UNLOADING, MOVING VEHICLE, SUSPENDED.
Roadway type devices comprising means particularly adapted
4o unload moving suspended vehioles.

SEARCH CLASS -

212 = TRAVERSING HOISTS, subclass 137, Linear, Non-motor
Traverse, Discharging, for similar devioes comprising
hoisting means.

147. ROADWAY TYPF, VEHICLE UNLOADING, MOVING VEHICLE, SUSPENDED,
SELECTIVE DELIVERY. Roadway type devices comprising means
particularly adapted to unload a moving suspended vehicle
at one of a series of predetermined points,

148. ROADWAY TYP&, VEHICLE UNLOADING, MOVING VEHICLE, SUSPENDED,
TILTING. Roadway type devices comprising means partioularly
adapted to tilt a moving suspended vehicle-body to discharge
its contents.

149. ROADWAY TYPE, VEHICLE-UNLOADING, MOVING VEHICLE, TILTING. Road-
way type devices, not elsewhere classifiable, comprising
means particularly adapted to tilt a moving vehicle-body
to discharge its contents.

SEARCH CLASS -

214 = TRANSPORTATION, subclass 148, Roadway type, Vehiole
unloading, Moving vehicle, Suspended, Tilting, for
similar devices for tilting moving suspended vehiocle-
bodies.

150. ROADWAY TYPE, VEHICLE UNLOADING, TILTING VEHICLE-BODY. Roadway
type devices comprising means for tilting the body of a
vehicle to discharge its load.

SEARCH CLASS -
214 = TRANSPORTATION, subolasses 148, Roadway type, Vehicle
unloading, Moving vehiole, Suspended, Tilting, and 149,
Roadway type, Vehicle unloading, Moving vehicle,
151. WAYS.

-67-

Tilting, for devices for tilting the bodies of moving
vehicles.

Traoks or ways, not elsewhere classifiable, over which

materials or loads areiintended to be transported.
SEARCH CLASSES -

14 - BRIDGES.

57 ~- HOISTING, subclass 37, Chutes.
61 = HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING.

94 ~ PAVING.

104 - RAILWAYS.

105 = RAILWAY ROLLING STOCK.

137 - WATER DISTRIBUTION.

186 = STORE SERVICE.

193 = CONVEYERS.
238 = RAILWAY TIES AND FASTENERS.
239 = RAILWAY RAILS AND JOINTS.
243 = PNEUMATIC DISPATCH.

152. WAYS, ROLLER. Roller-ways or tracks, not elsewhere classifiable,

over which materials or loads are intended to be transported.
153. WAYS, ROLLER, HORIZONTALLY SWINGING. Roller-ways comprising a

horizontelly-swinging roller or rollers.
164. VEHICLES. Vehicles not elsewhere classifiable.
SEARCH CLASSES -
9 = BOATS AND BUOYS.
21 = OARRIAGES AND WAGOKS.
104 - RAILWAYS.
105 = RAILWAY ROLLING STOCK.

114
115
186
208

OHIPS.

MARINE PROPULSION.
STORE SERVICE.
VELOCIPEDES.
-68-

243 = PNEUMATIC DISPATCH.
244 = AERONAUTICS.

155. VEHICLES, GARBAGE. Vehioles comprising means for loading or
discharging the material to be carried, and means for pre-

venting the escape of noxious gases or odors.
ns r
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