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The Girdling of Carn

 

 

 

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GERTRUDE L.

   
   

 

 
THESIS
T H E S I §&

ON

THE GIRDLIWNG@ OF CARNATION 8

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Gertrude #  bL@ V¥VantuLoo
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Clara Waterman,

Nichigan Agricultural college

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190 2.
THESIS
Opject:
The object of this experiment is to determine
whether the girdling of carnation stems will increase the
length of the flower stems, make the flowers blossom

earlier, and make tne flowers larger, or not.

Theory:

The sap passes from the root to the leaves through
the outer layer of the woody cylinder. In, the leaves this
sap is acted upon by carbonic acid gas and chlorophyll
granules, and is transformed into plant food. This assim-
ilated material passes downward through the inner bark to
be distributed where needed. When plants are operated upon
the rlow of sap upward continues nearly as before the oper-
ation, but the newly made food compounds carnot pass below
the injury so well, so accumulate above it and go to the
formation of flowers and fruit at the expense of the other

organs of the plant.

Method Used: |
I. Two stems on the same plant each having a
bud in the same development, (the buds should be just start-
ing), were taken. One stem was girdled, that is, a band
of bark quite to the woody cylinder and a half inch wide
was removed with a sharp Knife. The place chosen for the

wound was at the beginning of the new growth, This stem

104052
-2-
was measured from the wound to the bud. Then the other
stem which was used as a check was measured from the begin-—
ning of the new growth to the bud. <A careful record was
kept of these measurements and the date of girdling. The
two stems were labeled.

Il. The stens were allowed to frow until tie flowers
were fully developed. Then careful measurements were again
taken of the length of the stems; and the diameter of the
flowers, and the dates of the blossoming of the two buds
were noted.

III. The difference hetween the two lengths of the
girdled and checked stems was found, Then the increase
in the lengths of the girdled and checked stems, the time
of their blossoming, and the diameters of the tvo flowers
were compared.

Results:

Out of 13 varieties 9 showed the check steins to
have increased most and 4 showed the girdled stems to have
increased most, Out of 14 varieties 10 showed the earliest
development of the buds of the girdled stems and 4 showed
t:.2 earliest development of tiie buds of the check stems,
Out of 11 varieties 7 showed greater diameter in the blos-
soms of the girdled stems and 4 showed greater diameter
in the blossoms of the cneck stems,

The increase in the length of the check stem over the
girdled stem varied from 4 to 4 inches, The buds of the

Zirdiled stems blossom from 1 to 6 days earlier than those
of the check stems, The diameters of the flowers on the
girdled stems were from 1/8 to 1/2 an inch more than the
diameters of the flowers of tne cxneck stems. The average
gain in the length of the check stem was 6 3/4 inches.
The average gain in the length of the girdled stem was

6 1/4 inches, The geenzge time of hlossoming of the check
buds was 54 days, The average time of blossoming of the
girdled buds was 55 days. The average diameter of the
check flowers was 2.3 inches. The average dian?ter of the

ardled flowers was 2.4 inches.

General Conclusions:
The girdling of carnations retards
the growth of the atem, but makes the buds of the girdled

stem develop earlier, and the diameter of the flowers larger.
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