\ a
a

ae
ee
es |
oP
?

LATOR eens

wive AC WA¥H An 1a
Raha eo AN atti

G. POSTIFF W, D. MC FARLANE

a
g

 
 

SPPLEMENTAE
MATERIA.

IN BACK OF BOO
Investigation of the Concrete Highways of
Wayne County.

A Thesis Submitted to
The Faculty of
MICHIGAN AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE

By
C. Postiff W. D. McFarlane.
eee
Candidates for the Degree of

Bachelor of Science

June, 1916
>?

THESIS

Coy |
Introduction.

103369
With the aim of placing every resident farmer within
three miles of a good concrete road, Wayne County began its
campaign for highway improvement, and is now prominent among
the counties of Michigan which have been building good roads
according to a comprehensive system. This county has built
more concrete roads than any other county in Michigan, and
is the center of observation for men who have to deal with
road improvements.

The principal feature of the structural system is a
one course concrete pavement with expansion joints every
twenty-five feet. This type of pavement seems to be best
suited to existing conditions. The two-course pavement
was tried, but was not equal to the one course, so was
abandoned.

To secure the data for the discussion herewith pre-
sented in this Thesis, “Investigation of the Concrete Highe
ways of Wayne County," the authors traveled over all the
concrete roads of Wayne County in an automobile, taking
photographs of failures in the various concrete pavements.
The traffic conditions, defects in pavements, and culvert
data were obtained from the State Highway Department. The
cost data was obtained from the County Engineers.
 

 

 

 

where the road equipment
is kept. .
METHODS USED IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE CONCRETE
HIGHWAYS IN WAYNE COUNTY.

When the County Road Commission was created in Wayne
County in 1906, a definite, systematic plan involving the
improvement of certain logical routes was outlined cover-
ing a period of years. They do not take over a road as a
county road until they are ready to rpoceed with its act-
ual construction. At the October session of the Board of
Supervisors they make their recommendations as to the
Roads they desire to take over as county roads, together
with the amount of the tax they desire levied which cane
not legally exceed fifty cents on a thousand dollars of
the equalized valuation of the county for the preceeding
year. The cities and villages of the county contribute
their proportion according to their assessed valuation,
although no money can legally be spent in ang city;
money can be spent in the villages, but only after the
village authorities have relinquished their jurisdiction
over the road to be improved, and turned it over to the
Board. The Board of Supervisors accept, amend, reject
or alter the recommendations of the County Road Commission
both in the matter of the roads to be improved and of the
tax to be levied.

After action by the Board of Supervisors determining
upon the roads to be improved a record is put into the
minutes of the County Road Commission by an aye and nay

vote setting forth their determination to take over the
(2)

the road as a County road; the road is given a name,
usually the one by which it has been commonly known;

that portion of their minutes showing their determination
to adopt the road is published for three successive weeks
in some newspaper circulating in Wayne County, and notivge
is served upon the officials of the township setting forth
the above facts in which the road is located. When this
action has been properly taken the jurisdiction over the
road passes into the hands of the Board of County Road
Commissioners which involves the authority to improve
regulate and maintain it.

A survey of the road is then taken, plans and profile
prepared, and these together with spectifications and
application for state reward are filed with the State
Highway Department. Following the provisions of the
County road law bids are asked for by advertisement for
the construction of the road (a purely perfunctory proe-
ceeding, as they have not contracted nor have any propos&ss
been received for the construction of any road for several
years past). When the bids are received, they have the
option of accepting the lowest one and awarding the contract
for the work to that bidder, or of rejecting all the bids,
and doing the work themselves under the day labor plan.

As soon as weather conditions permit in the spring,
and after the road has been staked out, they prepare and

shape the subgrade, doing the major portion of such work
(3)

with scarifiers and graders, the hauling power for which
is furnished by steam tractors or rollers. Careful atten-
tion is given the grade to eliminate soft spongy places,
and a ten ton roller is used to roll it hard. To produce
@ good concrete road, thorough drainage is necessary in
addition to a good subgrade. Both proper grade and drain-
age are difficult to cope with in Wayne County as the
County for the most part is flat and situated in a valley
not easily drained. The subsofl is largely of heavy,
sticky clay with some loose, deep sand.

Their great problem has been in getting the materials
on the subgrade, and various plans are followéd on the
different roads, dle to varying conditions. On long hauls
they use an industrial railway to transport all materials
from the point of receipt to the point of construction,
This outfit consists of a seven ton, 30 H.P. locomotive,
sixty- one thousand pound double side V-shaped steel
dump cars, all of two foot gauge. The track is fure
nished in built-up units, fifteen feet in length, consisting
of steel rails fastened to steel ties. <A turnout may be
laid wherever needed by replacing a section of track by
a switch or curve, as this is also furnished in fifteen
foot lengths and of such radius that locomotive and cars
will readily pass through. Two men can handle a section
of track weighing 275 pounds. (They have two outfits of

this character. )
(4)

Of course it is not necessary to turn the engine a-
round as it pushes as well as pulls the load. The average
train consists of thirty loaded cars, though as many as
fourtyetwo cars have been hauled.

Materials for the work begin to arrive before actual
concreting is in progress. These are immediately unloaded
by a clamshell bucket and thrown into stock piles. After
concreting has been in progress, the materials are unloaded
directly from the railrosd cars to the steel dump cars and
transported to place, The unloading crew consists of
four laborers, an engineer, team and teamster. The team
hauls seven loaded cars to the siding where trains of
thirty cars are made up. Whenever shipments are delayed
the stock pile is resorted to for materials. Work is s
started at the end farthest away from the railway switch.
Five miles per hour is the average set speed including
time for coaling and watering. The actual running speed
enroute is from eight to ten miles per hour.

There is no danger of dumpeé materials falling back
upon the track, as the center of the pile is about three
feet from the edge of the nearest rail. Two men are able
to tip a loaded car body. Materials are readily measured
in the cars and distributed along the road at such inter-
vals as to best meet the requirements of the mixer. The
aggregates are loaded into the dump cars, the cement in
any available cars, and expansion plates, asphalt filler
and other necessities on the flat cars. Coal for the mixer
is likewise brought to the site over the railway. As cone

creting progresses the haul becomes shorter and the track
(5)

is taken up. These rail sections are transported to the
loading point on the return trips of the train.

The tracks for their industrial railway can be laid
on any surface over which transportation of any kind is
at all possible. Rainy weather and muddy roads do not
impair the efficiency of rail haulage, nor is the load too
heavy for the ordinary highway bridge. A factor of much
importance is that very little hauling space is required.
When necessary the track can be laid on the berm of the
road, so that it is possible to haul material either in
the same direction as the concreting is proceeding or
else in the opposite direction. The railway, too, is
practically independent of labor conditions, as one
engineer and two brakemen make up the entire crew. Al-
though the unit rail sections provide an easy method of
crossing highways and steam and electric lines, and the
clearing of these when necessary by removing the rail se
sections, it is not always possible to obtain permission
to make such crossings.

Where the use of an industrial railroad is not fea-
sible they use a combinations of team and engine hauling.
Teams work economically on short distances, but weather
conditions at times are a handicap, and at certain seasons
of the year the demand is so great for them generally
that they are difficult to secure. Their traction oute
fits are also handicapped by bad roads, rainy weather and
the limited speed which they are capable of attaining.
Road rollers furnish the motive power largely for hauling
(6)

wagons, each of which holds seven tons of material. Over
earth roads one wagon is usually all that can We drawn.
When, however, a concrete road is available for hauling, six
wagons containing a total of forty-two tons of material are
made up into a train and hauled by one tne ton roller. The
crew of one of these trains consists of an engineer and a
fireman. Their hauling operations involve the use of two
industrial outfits, eight traction outfits and from one
hundred to one hundred fifty teams.

One man on the grade has charge of the dumping ef ma-
terial and he is furnished with the following table in or-
der that the material may be properly placed to minimize

 

 

 
 

 

     

 

 

rehandling.
wry MATERIALS 10 BE PLACED PER 1OOFT, STATIONS,
vetay_itenent: Yards Y a ME [fone :
12 ft, 45: 2 : 13: 4 : 2 : 20 :
1s ft: 56 :: 33 : 16: 5S : 2 : 2: :
16 ft, 60 : 36 8: 19 6 27:4
; 39: 20 6 2 2:(ls

18 ft: 68

e
oi. —_ ¢ ait

 

aa ——— ——_

The foreman in charge of the yard is also furnished
with a table of quantities showing amounts required on dife-
ferent widths of roads go as to avoid surplusage at a given
point,

Cement--45 sacks to 1 load

Gravel--1 1/3 yds. to 1 load ) When team hauling is
Sand----1 1/3 yds. to 1 load used,

1 cu. yd. Pebbles... 1.4 Tons 1 Carload Pebbles..35 Tons
l cu. yd. Sandececcee 1.258 “ 1 " Sand. ..2e44 "
1 Bohl. Cement....... 0.19 * 1 " Cement...36 "
(7)

Amounts for one mile of road.

 

 

 

      

Width ; Pebbles : Sand : Cement ___
of ; Cue 3: sCar: Cu. : : ECu. : :
Road : Yd. : Tons :Loa: Yd. : Tons :Care: Yd. : Tons:Car
‘ : :ds.: : : Loads : ; Load
o: : : : : : : 455 ::
15 ft.: 1711 :2395 7:69 ;: 855 31069 : 24 : 2995 : 569 : 16

16 ft.: 1825 :2555 :73 : 912 :1140 : 26: 3194:

607 : 17

 

Stock piles are also established in the fall at various
unloading points so that breakdowns, car shortages, intermit-
tent or irregular deliveries will not interfere with the work
after getting underway in the spring.

During the past year they have encountered long hauls
very generally. On the Huron River Drive the farthest point
of haulage was 7 1/3 miles; on the Canton Center road the
farthest point of haulage was 7 1/2 miles; on the Seven Mile
Road the shortest point of haulage was about 4 1/2 miles.

The transportation of water of which they use large
quantities in mixing and curing concrete, and supplying the
mechanical equipment such as concrete mixers, traction ene
gines, road rollers, etc., has often been a serious pro-
blem. They have solved this by laying two inch pipe along
the road from the nearest source of supply, and pumping the
water along the route either by gasolene engines or electric
motors. They have pumped water a distance of 10 miles, the
nearest source of supply. They have also piped water from the

watereworks system of Detroit, Plymouth and Grosse Pointe,
(9)

Their standard width for secondary roads is concrete
16 feet wide with a minimum width over all of 24 feet. The
concrete is 6 inches thick at the sides and 8 inches in the
center built on a flat subgrade. Six inch channels 12 feet
long are used instead of wooden forms along the side. As
these forms are subsequently used to support the templet
and bridge from which the finishers work, great care is
exercised to get them true and rigid. Expansion joints
consisting of two thicknesses of asphalted felt (about one-
fourth of an inch) inserted between two Baker Armor Plates,
are placed in the road 25 feet apart.

They use a concrete mixer which travels under its own
power, from which a 20 foot boom projects which swings
over a 180 degree arc. The dumping bucket is carried out
on this boom under power and eliminates much hand labor.
One batch consists of three sacks of Portland cement, four
and one-half feet of sand and nine feet of gravel. The
specification that the batch shall receive sixteen complete
revolutions and remain in the mixer for fifty-five seconds
is resulting in producing an excellent quality of concrete,
Batches are discharged at intervals of about two minutes.
On a sixteen foot road the crew of thirty-two men is cap-
able of laying approximately 450 linear feet of concrete
during a ten hour day. As high as 525 feet have been laid
when conditions were at the best.

Before any concrete is placed in order to prevent
absorption of the water from the mixed material, the sube
grade is thoroughly wet down. The mix is fairly wet, and

o8 such consistancy that men working in the concrete sink
(9)

four or five inches. Clean material is an absolute requi-
site to securing good concrete. Their pebbles are washed
and screened so as to be free from loam, clay, and other
foreign substances. The pebbles range from one-fourth to
one and one-half inch and are graded as to reduce the
voids to a minimum. Their sand is bank sand, washed and
screened, f¥ee from loam, clay, etc., and ranges in size
from one-fourth inch to dust with the coarser particles
predominating. Wayne County has no stone hard enough for
their purposes, and all stone and sand used are shipped from
outside points.

When the mixer is close to the stock piles, congestion
is avoided by having six men load the barrows and six men
wheel the material to the skip. Wheelers and shovelers
alternate in their work for each successive block of cone
crete, a scheme that has proved efficient because the
variety of work tends to prevent its becoming monotonous.
When the stock piles are a relatively great distance from
the mixer, each of the twelve material men loads and wheels
his own barrow so that a continous stream of material is
always enroute.

The concrete is brought to grade and shape by the use
of a templet. This templet or strike board is made of two-
inch plank, preferably in a single piece, the curvature of
the under edge being made to exactly conform to the fini- ;
shed surface of the concrete road which is crowned approxe-
imately one-fourth of an inch to the foot. On each side of

each end is an iron handle for drawing the strike back and
(10)

forth. The curved edge is shod with one inch angle irons
bent to the curvature of the strike, giving it a metal wear-
ing surface. The length of the strike exceeds the width of
the road metal by one foot. A twelve inch plank is suitable
for widths of road metal up to 18 feet. If the road is
wider than this, a built-up form of strike is necessary,
which is trussed to prevent a sag of flattening the crown.
The strikeboard is sawed back and forth on the side rails,
end moved slightly forward at each stroke, giving the cone
crete its initial shape. After this operation no workman

is permitted to disturb the concrete in any way either by
stepping in it or by throwing anything upon it. The rule

is imperative, as a violation of it means a road with

waves and depressions by causing the neat cement and finer
particles to rise to the top. They aim to have the stone
take the wear as it is the hardest part of the aggregate.

The final finishing up of the redd is done by two
men whom they term "floaters", who work from a bridge
which rests on the side rails, having no actual contact
with the concrete. A wooden trowel of home manufacture
is used for this purpose. The use of a trowel of this
nature prevents the road from becoming slippery.

One crew used a finishing machine duting the entire
season, for shaping and finishing the road with very sat-
isfactory results as regards the quality of work produced,
but up to date the cost has Been greater. The better results
secured in eliminating depressions and irregularities, how-
ever, justifies this small increase in cost and they will

undoubtedly add this device to theis standard mechanical
(12)

equipment.

When the concrete will stand of its own weight, the
side rails are removed and a amall bevel is made by cutting
off the edge with a shovel, and allowing the surplus thus
cut off to fall to the side, This prevents a sharp
division line between the concrete and the shoulders. Each
day's work is finished up to an expansion joint, and no
more than twenty minutes is permitted to elapse between
batches during the day. The day following the laying
of the concrete it is covered with a couple of inches of
sand or loose soil such as is available, and is sprinkled
during the day for ten continuous days. This prevents the
road from drying out and is an inportant factor in properly
curing the concrete so that it will attain its maximum
hardness and strength. Plenty of water is vitally essential
in prodticing good concrete.

Roads are not opened for traffic until from four to
six weeks have elapsed after the last batch of concrete is
laid; the length of time depen@s upon the season of the
year as concrete sets much more slowly in cold weather
than when it is hot and dry.

Shoulders of crushed stone or gravel, whichever is
the more available, are built three to seven inches thick
and three to four feet wide on each side of the concrete;
on many roads additional width of earth shoulders are built.
This work is not started until after the road is at least
four weeks old.

During the past year most of their work has been car-
(12)

ried on well away from towns where suitable quarters

could not be obtained for the men, so they provided sleep-
ing and eating quarters in tents along the road. The men
obtained food from the nearest town and cooked their own
meals, while the water supply for the roads usually serves
as well for the men. The mixers crew quarters are kept

at sites a convenient walking distance from the work, and
the men unloading and transporting materials live in tents
pitched close to the railroad siding.

Three concreting crews were maintained in the field
during the past summer and to each of these crews is ate
tached a grading crew. An additional bridge and culvert
crew was also kept busy building bridges and culverts over
roads previously improved. All work is specialized and
machinery is used wherever possible since man and horse
labor are scarce and expensive in the country districts
during the road-building season. Many little economies
and labor-saving devices have been worked out which ine
crease both the quantity and quality of their work, and
their whole aim is to produce a durable, dustless road at

cost for the people of Wayne County.
~ ue

.

LY

O°

’

4.

4

13
ite

4
~-A @ ©
y ¢

.:
ys
/.

Uae

opus be
LC

a

-y

2.0

7

eat

?
L
aA
. bob:

1)

t

“\
os

A

1

f
os

1

°

t-4

wl.

M,

-

7

x

i

wets

awake

a

©)
~2>
Le

[4

i
me “s7 ie
we ae ‘
1 . ‘ oy
rod — 4
we c.

4.2 i
wi

e e ° e -
SON Cy eit

QD) i
. “4

oe

a4
<2

vg.
re, i,

ro “ us
i 7 ee
r~ aa
5 Te, i)
a ~
r- i) ©

te 42 "4

©) v4

~~

LOU
2&
Dy

“N
MAINTEN&NCE.
MAINTENANCE.
15

The maintenance of the concrete roads until this

year ws merely a matter of cutting weeds and cleaning
ditches twice each yeur and terring of all cracks und
Joints.

The cost for tarring all cracks in all roads is
given as 1,450, a rather small smount when mileuge is
considered,

nepairing and grading shoulders dragging with split
log, resurfacing Plymouth road, 6 miles repsirine, 21 Mi.
of gruvel road, resurfecine tar macadan rouds still in
use, and gradiny road, getting ready to lay industrial
roilrozd is given aS ;20,5¢3.60.

[9 this must be added this year the cost of re-
surfacing Grund River which is purely a maintenance
prososition. The method of resurfacing is as follows:

The road is swept clean and 12 inches of not tar
asphalt laid on old surface, over this while tar is hot
3" of 1-2-3 cement, sand, and trap rock is pcu-‘ed.

This road has not been opened for truffic as vet

and no cost data could be secured. Since the corners

of each section cracked badly the roud hud to be widen-

ed @ feet so that a new foundation for the edge would
be given.

The moneys spent for tar macadum roads will huve to
16

be forgotten by the tax payers of wayne County us they
were unsatisfactory from the start, being spongy in hot
weather and Slippery in wet and frosty weather and

generally unsatisfactory at ell times
FORT STREET ROAD.

The conditions upon this roéd were similar to
those upon Gratiot and the Road is also identical.

The road is of tar mecadam 6" to 7" deep at
the sides and €%" deep in center. 16' of metal and
24' over all with gravel shoulders.

The contract was let to F. Prath and Sons, who
agreed to build 4,300' for 39,0CC.e The Bo:rd had to
buila a bridge but did not have to do the drainage.

The following is a summary of the cosr for 4300 ft.

 

Contract - 39000200
Bridge Labor 663.13
Bridge Material £10239
Inspection 57.00
Miscellaneous 26242
To tél 39,947 94

4300 x 16 - 7050 sqe yds.
9 ~ |
9947.94 - $1.41 per SY. yd.

7050 ~—
Total rozd improved 6425 feet.
Let by contract 4137 "
Built by commissioner 2263 "
Bridge 25 =¢«°"

Part Built by Contract.

Conctact 38,282 14
Inspection 177.200
Open ditch 532097

47
18

FORT STR°ET ROAD. (Con't.e)

 

Tile drains labor “) 65093
Tile dzains material 147.36
Other ls bor und niscellene.us 42.01
Total 38,747.41

This section is 15' metal 24' over all 6%" deep
at sides and 8t" deep at center. Laid on a curved
Subgradee

15 x 4137 - 6890 8747.41 - 31.27 per sqe yde

9 6890
section built by Commission - 2263 ft.

Labor or road proper 1,500.31
Lime stone 3" 548.63
Limestone screenings 122.78
Cobble stone 2" 386021
Tar . 123.12
Open ditch (L=«bor) 41.80
Tile drains (Labor 18.90
Tile Drains (Material 41.15
Culvert (Labor & Material) 56.45
Coal , 104.78
.aste, Lubrication, Etec. 2425
Re Re Siding 200.00
Repairs to road before improved 17.55
Total 32,985.93

Road is 12' metal 23' over alle
[7

FURT STREET ROAD (Con'te)
£263 x 12- 3.017. sq. yds.

 

 

° 2965.93 = «099 per sq. yd. for 12' road.
30017
Total of road “11,733.34
Bridge 1,252.49
Grand total 6425 feet 312,985.83

At the time of printing this report the commission
had started the laying of concrete and were laying it on
tris road but had only gotten started. Road is to be of
1 course of concrete, 12° of metal, 23 ft. over alle 6"
deep. Mix is 1-2-5 Portland cement washed sand and wash=
ed gravel.

"Mo date we have spent on Fort Road ..188.77."

sume Spec. 2S above = 2640 ft.

On account of the unsatisfactory condition of this
ro2d upon its completion it was not accepted and paid
for until Sept. 1911.

One reinforced culvert wes also constructed.

Costs:

Roadway propere (Contract) #4 5461260
Inspection 205453
Yard & Siding 42299
Expansion joints 55.55
Lumber and stakes 14.65
Express, etc. 16627
Blue prints 15.72
Liability Insurance 4.40

Hardware & Repairs 19.25
ZO

FORT STREET ROwD. (Con't.)

 

 

 

 

Miscellaneous 13.78
Total 34,849675
Drainage
Open ditch 147220
Tile drains 04042
Culverts 275-00
Total cost 3S 446.62
Total cost 35,296.37
Less State Requrd 500.00
Cost to iayne County 34,796.37
12 x 2640 = 3520 sqe yds. |
9 5296.37 = 31.69
3520

Roadway Proper.

Teams 34,700.00
Other i: bor 10,540.57
Lime stone 850.04
Pebbles 4,265.53
Sand 1,998.63
Cement | | 8,469.40
Coal 10.40
Expansion joints 1,068.03
‘Lumber 255.86
Blue prints 7250
Hardware and repairs 169.46
Board of men : 45.200
Camp equipment 94.95

Liability Insurance 749
Al

FORT STREET RG De. (Con't.)

Miscellaneous «i 111.03

 

Total (Including preceding m ge.32,676«63

 

Drainate.
Open ditch 1,257.14
Tile drain 90.84
Culverts 1,161.54
Grand Total pe ,509.32

Length of road is 2.637 less .5 = 2.137 miles

o£E0 X 2.1357 x 15 -

 

9
35186 = 31.87 per sae yd.
18800
Pay Roll.
Teams

Other labor

Lime stone

Pebbles

pand

Cement

Coal

Lumber

Blue Prints
Repairs & Hardware

Miscellaneous

Drainage.
Tile drains ( Material)

( o"

Culverts

al
.@
'-
‘
ue
a

18,800 sqe yds.

10.00
277.269
468.46
£268.28
146.14

,604.32

117.15
288
12.50
7042

__15.00

53,924.84

136.78
624.61
ZE
FORT STREET ROD. (Con'te)
“459 «45
Less credit on joints Meet
4478 677
mn additional 3.19 miles of Fort Roed has been
taken over a s @ county roade =Uxtending from the
present concrete construction on Fort Street to connect
with Eureka Road west of ‘yandotte. To date 5 reinfa ced
concrete culverts have been built and surceys, plans am
profiles made, together with application for State Re-
waree It will be constructed of concrete 16 ft. metal 24
feet over alle The excessive rainfall of the past sunzrer
h:s retarded the work on other roads so theg the Board
have been unable to construct anything except culverts
on the Fort Raed.
The expenditures to date on the Fort road are as follows:

DRAIN .GE.
Culverts
Teams S$ 302.50
Iien 1,298.82
Material __ 601.91

Total 2,205 025
ZS

WT. ELLIOT RO..De
County took over 1-37 miles.

Road is of tar macadam construction with 15' of
metal and 4' shoulders making 23' over all. This
season only 5600 f:et were finished. The cost of con-
struction on this road was much higher than on Grand
River although conditions were sinilar due to the fact
that hauling was done by team while upon Grand River
it was done by tractisn engine with the haul road on
Mt. Elliot the better.

Roadway Propere

 

 

 

 

Labor ~~ y666059
Material 4.°82.61
38,049.30
Culvert.

Labor 119.55
Material 117.00
> 236255

Drainagee
Labor 27870
Material 356290
635.60
Miscellanecus 64.275
Grand Total 38,976 020
Less State Reward 1,056.67

 

37,911.53
Z4

MT. ELLICT ROiD. (CONT.
Tot2l road improved this year, 1000 feet.

pane type of construction as 1l_st year.

 

Laobr " 3 609077
Limestone 179.43
Cobble stone 2" 329294
Tar 932350
Cobble screehings 46.35
Coal, Lubrication, Ete. 43.25

51354 36
4800 feet.

This road is a continuation of the tar macadam
previously constructed but this year's work is of
concrete.

Built of concrete 12' 8B metal and 23' over all.
Laid in 2 courses total depth of 6". Bottom course is
1-24—=5 mix of Portland cement, washed sand and concrete
limestone 4" deep. The top course is 1-2-3 mix of
Portland cement, washed sand, and crushed gobble stone
2" deepe

This road is secondary and carries a lighter traffic
than the main roadse

Costs include a necessary concrete culvert.
Ze

MT. ELLIOT ROAD. (Con't,.)

Following is a statement of costs:

Roadway Proper.

 

 

Teams ip 438 «50
Other lxor 2,971 673
Limestone 71° tons 434.74
Crushed cobble 564 tons 1,041.38
sand 432 yxards 562425
Cement 1502 bbis 2,552025
Coal 102.50
Board of men £40257
Tar paper 17.24
Engineeres stakes 21209
.ater supply 14.91
Lubrication, waste, Ste. 27287
Blue prints 15.07
iligecellaneous 19.07
$8,260.63
Dra ini gee
Open diteh labor 108.25

Culverts (Material only)
Tot ale

26250
78,395.38

2400 feet (455 miles)

This road was continued 2400 feet from point

where work ended last year.

vane construction as
26

if. ELLIOT Rvu..D. (Con't.)

last year.

Cost is as follows:

Teams 3 867.50
Other 1 bor 1, &84.64
Limestone 11 tons 10.66
Pebbles 1326 tons 1,324.48
Sand 456 gons 529 «60
Cement 1305 bvbilw 1,879.20
Coal 17 tons 55.03
uxpansion joints 29479
Lumber 3206
Later supply 7074
Blue prints 6-71
Board of men 86492
Liability Insurance 18.07
Hardware and repsirs £28214
36,742.81
Drainage = —7E5 35
Less State reward 35.00
Cost to Company. 56,518037
Roadway Proper = 1912
Labor 64.00
Expe joints 101.08
Lumber 56029

 
Z27

MT. ELLIOT ROAD. (Con't.)

 

Blue prints 18.47
Hardware & Repairs 10.08
Lubrication & waste 25273
Liability Insurance 32264
Miscellaneous 5.15
Total 293 44

The rest of Mte Elliot is built in connecti on
with Van Dyke, and 7 Miles of roads and itemized
account of costs are not given. This total will be

found in the 7th report under 7 Mile Roade
Z6

C.NTON CSNTSR ROAD.

The Centon Center Road is a Jink in the outer Belt
line and will connect Michigan ive. with the village of
Plymouthe It is a continuation of Belleville Road north
of Michigan avee it is built of concrete of standard
construction 15' of metal 24' over all and is built on
alternate stretches of heavy clay and light loam. one
of the dinky railroad outfits was used on this roud with
a m&zimum haul of 74 miles. The surface of this road
wiS finished with a Baker finishing machine.

This road is not yet completed. -

Teams 334579250 |
Sand 1890.5 tons 1,122.44
Gravel 3883.9 tons 1,618.74
Cement 5716 bbls 8,935.53
Coal 43.5 tons 171.46
Lumber 26243
water Supply 65244
Blue prints 49.94
Lubrication 65.53
Damp 178.66
Expansion joints 2,20ee078
Hardware 266027
Miscellaneous 7357-28
Yard & Siding 387.67
Industrial Equipment 993.24

 

336,837 069
27

C.NTCN CENTIR RUaD. (Con't.)
Total from preceding page. 336,837 269
Drainage 646 .37
Grand Total 337 ,484206
50

PHOTOGRAPHS OF CANTON CENTER ROAD.

#1 shows the deep ditches required for proper drainage,
also the gravel shoulders used on this road.

#2 same as #1 except that a culvert is shown at the extreme
end of the ditch.

#3 shows a general view of this road.
Si.

PHOTOGRAPHS TAKEN OF CANTON CENTER ROAD.

 

 

 

Photograph No. l.

 

 

Photograph Ne. 2.
GA

 

Otograph Ne, 3
FS

pliCK 2.0.2.

This roud wos previcvsly 2 mucaudus construction
vwltinongn in 2. very poor ctute of repuir., Theeorvnt;
took over gooc feet und did not set it ull completed
at the tiie of this report. Tiere wos sone trouble

oe

—with tne villuse of St. Cluir Heights, wnieh deluyed

tre work to cuite an extent. The county did not p:ve

I
throuzhn the vill use
Cost ss follows in 1907:
Dewi.
Labor | 2eke)

) 109.50
wuterial 107.25)

“Quite
Labor 547.70)
| ) 667,75
material 129.05)
wiscellaneous Ore See
“otal “750,26

Tne work in this rond sturts «tt the City Limits of
Detroit. “Wnre construction is ter mucadum in S courses
6," deep £6' over ull with 15!" of netul.

whe lst course is lisestone, cecona, crushea, cobble
uid the tnird, co.ble chips ana tur,

Dit IL Cie UU ude

Labor on roudway prowcr (2,012.24
Lise stone 3" £67.67
Lime screenix’s zle.Qal

Cobble stone 2" 715.55
77 ON oT “lin F
die UU. we ( 7] ON t e@ )

Cooble etone screeninzs bOecl
vobble store chips 121.05
tar 154,62
Lreinoege labor 47,€7
Drainuige wuateriul lee

Coul 165,08
Lubriecstion and waste So0eeT
nental muchinery 96.00

Total 4,20.29

; r ‘: bo
£600 x LO = seoC 4210.29 = y1l.&7

 

9
Coinpleted 16¢0.5 feet.

rnis roud wus finisned to the county line und this
year's work is concrete construction 15' wide with 24!
over all 6" deep in one course usines 1-2-4 of Portland
ceesnent washed sand and wusrei gr.vel. The subgrade wes

of a stiff clay nature und very sticky in wet weather,

Cost Zo vete,

Contract o,456,66
Inspecting ont sngineerins 78,65
ixtra cerent O7,48

Blue prints 10.69

 

miscelluineous es 9,657
1620 x 15,— cé720 yase ve ,043.00

 

9 .
cO4eeuo - j1lec4 per SG. ye
FS
MaCK ROD. (cun't.)

14C0O feet.

wef. .l is 15’ wide 24" over sll with sruvel shovlders,
ahe mix is le1l,-o5 Portlund cement, washed sand and wushee
pebbles 7" deep on 2 flat cubegrade,.

an experine: teal section of 75' in lensth wes built
of reintorced conerete bouvines cut wll expansion goints
to see if eny cr.cks developed,

Steel triunsuler mesh wire wis used for reinforci.

Cost .S LYollows:

Other lubor o&L,638
Pebbles €25,6 tous 677.66
ound 160.00 tons o7eC2
Cexernt 19 bbits. 7ES.69
Coul Lose tons 160.50
Lumber und ct nes 1.56
Voter supsly 1€.CO

Blue prints 4,7

* tory t av °) oy
Bocrd cf wen Lee JO
- . -
Mardw.re ond reg.uirs 6.65

 

Total cost to d.te 12_y07T9.99
F6

WIT YY TP an TY
| Seton bed a vo a~\ aad @

elieville Aoud connects the billerce of Belleville
With the wdenicun ave, rood, It is p.rt of the Grenton
line system of the stute and is ulso ex lirax in the outer
belt line of tne county. This roud conplies with th

state regul tis

KS

Ss coverins trunk line rouds by being
built of conerete 16' wide und 24° over all where ces tne

secondury roswis of the ccunty recuire only 15' of metecl.

FJ

For tuiis roud the stute puys (2,400 per mile which is
double tne ordineury reqard. wopimum grudes in this road
ure 6,56

sxpenditures in 1913,

Other lzbor 1,247.80
LYpansion joints c6

B

0
Blue prints 3eCO

Yard & Sidirs 75.C0
migeelleneous 119.85

 

2,097.50

Tile dréins 55.00
we, l52.L0

Teas LO ,e0d.60

Other lwvor | 27,957.20

q2
BH
¢.
<f

el 15,455 tons 14,541.17
sand 6,485.9 tons 4,705.27
Cerent 19252 bbls 22 S00
Coul 269.2 tons E41, 60
6

Expansion joits £,ole.4
37
Bai Low Vda.
Lwiber

LE UrEss

glue prints
lutrication, weste, etc
Oulip

Eurdwoere & s.epeirs
Liability Insurancdée
wisecelliuneous

Total

brsirnur7e

uw

Grnd Total

sc. D. (Con

't.)

nO
@f-w

1
1.24
123.44
0.60
ilz.14

OG
mre @

A’

OT 98
Cus a)
-est noad is the mein hishwuy leudins west cvt

4
3

of tre villuse of Trenton. Durins tne pust season

the roid wus Gompleted from the villeree to the Delorcrupn

xoud, a distance of 4.8 niles. It i

|

Lo’ of netul e4'
Over cll. ‘he road pusses tnrouzh & rich Purmireg cection
and the subsoil is a heuvy cluy.

2ie@ moatericls were houlec nearly & wiles using Prenton
us a bece of eupylices, Lon, h..uls cre develovbng ivto a
serious problem on these rounds us tre furtrer out they
cet the gpreuter the havl is.

ix reinforeed cconcrete culverts und on

O
its
©
©
so
oO
mS

»

bridse ure beinz cohstructed.
COSD:

« 2eai.s » 6,207.00
Other lL. bor 1
Pebbles Le

ound 4
Cerient £1,4°5.25

Coal 692,91
Expunsion joints 1,214.05
Lumber 208,45
water Ssupoly 1109.95

Blue prints £6.08
Lubrication 153.17
Hurdwere & .encirs 4C6.1

e / ope
wieeelligunecus “ol.ll
ax arid o ot al

aw)

68, £6.11
40

RIVit RUD.

his road is of tar macadam construction 15' netal
and 23° over all,

ale ¢etore hes a minirur thickness of 64" laid upon
& curved subgrade,

Tne only work done at the time of this report wus to
build a bridzve over iionguagon Creek to replace two old
boiler shells used as culverts.

The new bridge is of steel concrete construction

ol ft. by 1E ft,, 27 ft. in the clear. Its cost wus as

 

 

follows:

Lubor » 422,21
luanterial 722671
Misht water | 95.60

wl ,c4C.5e
Drain Lubor 171.58
noad Labor 405.70
miscellaneous 27210
Total. wl, 644.38
Less sewurd 776.00

“1,068.88
Cost of old boiler shells 2,500.00
Cost of concrete bridge 1,240.52

 

Balance in favor of concrcte.,1,059.48
This shows how badly some township bourds are

beaten in the rutter of bridges.
‘fh
4-/
RIV2R RoO.D. (Con't.)
totel improved 10,c&0O feet.
Tris work wus begun at the city limits of “yandotte
and is of macadéem construction, limestone and crushed

cobble 23' over all with 15' of metal &," deep. Cost to

 

 

date;
Lebor on roadway proper yw 2,350.75
Limestone 35" 261.23
Limestone screenings 1e6.62
Cobble 2" 1,¢52.¢
Cobble screenirgs 279.07
Open ditch labor £76.50
Tile drains labor 40.18
Tile drains material 160.74
Rental machinery 421.00
Coal and waste £07.50
wliscellaneous 14,76
"5,802.90
SO feet bridze 1,237.07
Total wl 089.97
5,909 feet -- .74 mile.

This year's work is built of concrete 25 feet over
all with 15' of metal 6" deep of a one course mix of
le2-2 Portlend cemert washed sand and washed gravel and
is a continuation of the 2 miles of macaudam previously
built by tris board and mekes a thru line roid from

liacomb County line to the villazve of Trenton, or a distance
4.7
HIVoR Ko.D. (Con't.)

Total expenditures,

 

Concrete weO,091,95
Macadam 3,204.69
Total Ge5,516. 64

Concrete construction 15' metal 25' over all. One
course 2=3=-6 mix of cement, wesned sard and washed pebbles

with limestone shoulders. Cost to dute .s follows:

Te aus wl2,155.25
Other labor 24,214.19
Linestone 221.41
Pebbles(-;1.00 per ton) 6,641.84
Sand  (,8&5 per ton) 4,255.16
Cenent 21,269.46
Coal 73.27
Lxpension joints 3,976.95
Lumber 026.11
vater Supply 51.28
Blue prints O7.c0
Lubrication 126.20
Board of men 10.40
Liability Insurance 297,85
Canp equipment 552629
liiscellaneous £79.93
Hardware & Rapairs 685.75

 

‘95,134.69
4G

RIVeak nodD. (Con't.)
of 350 miles,

Expenditures to Dete,.

 

On micadam 2,270.24 from last yr.
On coneretc.
Teans 061.75
Other lebor 2,082.31
Pebbles E9D.08
Sand 435.99
Cement 506.<¢7
Coal 4.44
Lubrication ‘\raste, Etec. 15.24
Tar paper 27.54
Blue prints 9.77
Stakes 16.25
liiscellaneous 16.00
75,369.24
3,270.24
Grand total 38,639.48

16460 feet -- 2.5 miles.

Built of concrete 15' wide 24' over all 7" deep
using a single course 2-3-6 mix of cement, Wesnecd send
and washed pebbles. Four reinforced concrete culverts
are also being built. In addition to the amount spent
for Khiver xoad lust year, ,c,264.69 wus spent in com-
pleting the work.

To date of this report there h:s been spent 320,091.95

on the conerete south of Trenton
4-4.

RIVOR RO.D. (Con't,)

 

 

Drainage

Open ditch we ,065.79

Tile drains 478.61

Culverts 1,052.18
33,596.78

Total from preceeding page 75,104.69

Grand total 378,751.47

The river Road is also finished to the ionroe
County line and connects with the trunk line road
thru konroe county at South xockwood. This finishes
vVayne County's share of the Detroit to Toledo route.

River Koad is built of concrete 15' wide and 24!
over all. As on all the work of this year long hevls
were the rule over rough sticky clay.

ixpenditures as follows:

Teans “ 4,084.25
Other labor 11,881.65
Limestone 1,164.78
Pebbles 8,261.35
Sand 1,729.94
Coal 54.76
Expansion joints 9535.00
Lumber 122.00
water supply 6.75
Blue prints 10.25

Lubrication, wuste, etc. £2.65
4S

RIVER HOnD. (COll't.)

 

Repairs and Hardware 1 cO4.97
wiscellaneous Le0~ele
Yard and ‘idineg 101.00
Camp 42.CO

weS,785.05
Drainage and Culverts 2,467.20
Total POL, 252.35

1914.
Gives further expenditures on River road

of 3219.62.
 

46
PHOTOGRAPHS OF RIVER ROAD.

#1 shows muddy condition existing beyond concrete road.
#2 shows the type of turns used by Wayne County.
#3 shows longitudinal cracks caused by expansion of the

concrete. It also shows the method of using Tarvia filler

if the cracks.
47

PHOTOGRAPHS OF RIVER ROAD.

 

 

 

1.

Photograph Ne.

 

Re

 

Photograph No.

 

 
48

 
4-7.

Oud, fsee LO1CD report) to Woodviurd uvenve, a dis

Of 9.7 iles. It corsses Gratiot, Von L

4

5 eS

me eever rile rood if now conereted from Cadieuxr

t .v:ce

ov’ and jaar e@

H1lliot nouds and comprises & purt of an in: er belt roxd

around the city.

my
che

over all, the roud built in 191¢€ wes 15!

ris section of roud is of conerete 12! wide

me teal,

hauls und tangy moves mide this work exyensive.

feans
Labor

Pebbles

Coal

Crushed stone

Lubrie.tion
Eardw:re

‘

Yard @ Siding
water Sun oly
miscelleneous

a
on

Druinzge & Culverts

14,556,.5C
C5 253.3

4
™“
tp
~J
cO
e
}
CO

31

6,945.1

jt

17,726.63
632.69
462.10

1,295.05
251.2
56.04

e272 lf

1,205.56
1,201.42

Zao 2c
Cts Le ey

456.66
96,966.01

5,940.71

Totel “108,914.72

a Sr,
caofiil 2+

Pre lore
FO
Sivoo wii newD. (Con't.)

mis
aiid

Ct

year's renort was for work unfinished wi
revort wert in.
TEGNS

Lébor 117,244.61
Crushed Grenite 6

Grevel 7

9
Sand 5,596.97
Cenient 6,208.08
Trap rock 94,.c0 tors CE4LIS

Coal 550.c6

Joints 1,210.86

Linsber 256,62
sater supsly c06.29
AEPYeEs 4.65
Prints 1.16
subriec.ticn EC.bS
Gata 16.5.0
Herdvare o42,68
Lascellaneous Cut eee

Liability Insuren

Q
a
p44
ao
-.
~]
e
~J
oO

Yoerd @ Sidin” 299.00

Inaustricvl sguigic 6 Tele

 

(43 551.22

Drains & Culverts 3,201.08

46,741.40
Cost of 9.7 wiles of ro:d L0e 914.72
Totul 149,656.12

1é

ni
J]

PHOTOGRAPHS OF SEVEN MILE ROAD,

#1 shows general View at intersection of Ackley Road.
PHOTOGRAPHS OF ACKLEY ROAD,

#1 shows general view of road.

#2 shows conditions existing at Macomb County line.
#3 shows type of signs used on the roads.
IF.
PHOTOGRAPHS TAKEN OF SEVEN MILE ROAD.

Rs Rota

    
   

 

 

 

Phetograph No. l.
oF

PHOTOGRAPHS TAKEN OF ACKLEY ROAD.

 

 

 

FPNOUUETapN NO. Be

 

 

 

Photograph No.
e
m

e
e
a
S
P71
©
&
eo
»
°o
a

 
- FSF

Viui DYK nue

my - wae . tT os - . - . |
zne construction of Van Dyke sturted from where

tne old mucudam left off and extends toward the county

line 5280 feet.

It is built of concrete 15! of metel und £4' ov

211 6" deep in 2 courses bottom covree 1le-2,-5 cect,

wushed Sund snd conerete livestone, top covrce, cere:

weeked Sound und erushned cobvole led,

Labor j,£09.79
Limestone 1,116.00

Crushed cobble 1,062.09

3 amd S73.
Cenert 3,496.25

Tar paper £7 .0¢
Board of men éE21,06
Starnes 27.12
Lubrication 58.52

Prints 19.04

misecelluneous £10

 

11,201.78
Druin <e 76.46

 

oll 278.24
Minis seetion is built of wm:crete 1LE' of metel
a717 7c. o Gn - FO 2 yy st ring Pp tlend
cé"' over all. ne course l-1,-3 mix using Portlenc

ce.eit, sereened sund oid screened pebbles 7" deep.
Sb

Vill DYKE Rowb. (Con't.)

 

Costs:
Teas — 1,966.70
Libor 4,012,6¢
Pebbles COEO tons 0,082.00
Sand 1026 tons E9S.75
Cement ~OZ0 bbls. 4,eé71.€6
Coal 110.05
Expansion joints 66,56
Lumber B07
ux Lress 2200
water 16,70
Prints 6.71
Bourd of en 220.00
Licbility Imevrence 03200
Hurdveure __112.%:
14,911.28
braeinuze 308.48

EE SASACA
715,209.76
State neward 1,052.00

a

iL4,167.76
Continuation of Concrete.
Tewas £0200

Lz.bor 575.34

Cement 64,65
Exyvansion joints 20~ 66
Lumber 46,09
Ex oress : 1,45

sec er 12,84
Prints

Lubrication

Bourd of men
Hardware
wisecellaneous
Licvbility Insurance

Total

vest of Van Dyke in connection with 7 Mile & ut. Elliot,

Labor

Bebtles
Ceviont

sand

Coul
uxpansion joints
Luraber

ax press

Water

Prints
Lubrication
Board of men
ME OAITS
wiscelluneous

Yard &@ Sidins

 

3,014.2

u~74.22

LOO

 

 

,£07.62

671.44

 

“114,769.26
J 8

Vai DYKU 20.0. (Con't.)
It is an impossibility to tell how :uch money

wes spent on each roud this year.
I

PHOTOGRAPHS TAKEN OF VAN DYKE ROAD.

#1 shows conditions existing at Macomb County line.
60.
PHOTOGRAPHS TAKEN OF VAN DYKE ROAD

 

 

Photograph No. l.

 
6/
Dit C.D.
the Dix oud hus been completed from the city linits
to Kiver sxouce. It is of concrete construction 15' wide
24' over ull, This price includes u reinforce concrete
culvert.
The old rocd was oF uw hexuvy cley subsoil very sticky
in wet westher,
The cost is as follows: (2 352.)
aX) Ww «6 Oe G4
Photogre2iuns DeCC

Culverts! steel GOec

re ans 2,056.2
L:bor 7,768.49

Pebbles o,217.78

L2G 1,956.29
Cerent 6,ECO.£6
Coul B06
LxXpension joints SOO. 8

Lwaber 1CO

rater supoly 4.01
Hurdwaure & .epuirs 45.82
Blue prints 6.16

wiecelleneous 121.19

 

Drainzse 4901.£0

“65,946.07
DID 2.0L.

(LOLS)

CELLS

Otner lubor
uxoengion joints

Liuiber

tH

Jability insuran

|

otul

Ce

GZ.

(Con't.)

 
- ro lyr 7 . - Jj wee
Skeet week Woke ware Jase

whis roud fers u purt cf the trunk line rod

systea ond ulso u pert of the ovter belt line. It

begine af the wiver ncud in the vill.ve of Poekvoadg
und connects with slut .0ek. wnotier etrete: of tris

Yro.a wus vvuilt south of nomwulvs,. Gets rood will

eventuelly con:ect Dlut hock

oe ~ - a ~ a ' °
With wiehiecvwn ivenve,

A

It is built of ecnerete LE! enti 16' wiée 24° ove

wll. 4 culverts were built.

Leep locee sand, lors hauls over bud rouas, lor.

eradin? cost incresced the espenditures on this vor
“ e 7 oo. wv 2. - ' Loans _o™ a s
Trie roud opened up one of the finest forwies secti
5 yee ~ ran ms 77
in wayne Courty.

v** v

“yogendittcres to d.te os Follows:

aes ») LO,f46.75
Other l:.bor PO,660,9%

Pebbles

€2

GS

C)

ch

i) (4
J
we.

(:] Cy tI
LJ OO bot
“NJ o> ey
e e e
“TS Ww
(.) ~] “I

C2
©
¢>
+
Cy
©
e
en

Te Ea A Say pn bc 1.089.206
Be PUrsi. on YJorrus gt ever lh
+ 1... + . _* cy. arm nofy
miuaiber ane ¢efcanes toes’

~ . r7 0)
Hlve prints Meek

Lut cicution 77,44

Lew Boeton arc Belleville
oF

BUACH 224 oa
Bourd of ger
wepaire ond hurdwore
mwilececellmeoues
Camp eguionent
Yourd and eiaires
wruineve
total
BES
Libor
rebbleées
Sand
Cevniernt
aeyounsion yoints
waber
Blue prints
Hardware ord rernuirs
Yaaro uni Sidi:e
miscecelleneous
VCUINAvTe
"octal reward on this ron

wy —_— yr

oy . .
AS oe ee \ + @

(Son't.)

 

wO,l41.c0
£69,65
cron al mrmaee)
HU Ca

t
em
t~
tt.
(9p
-

P4 ft. over xll.

Bee heotl wes obout 7 mibiecs

6S

va OTT

. c+ te
diame Vem

+ ew

ee rood is o- etindurd canetrnu

loco:notive worki:.; 16 nrs. per

mw

ey
ad aeoe § +t @

etion

“4 % vy.
je NCL fe

daz to

- . a4” * ~~ a _ = - *> oe mi . xX ™~ . 7 . %
Wordins stesdily. .«.0acd 18 a splendic

ro.ud constrvetion,

Ce.ent €2.2@ce bolls
Goul le.k05 tons
aX péaneion gor.
Boter

ue prints
Lubrication
Hardwire
bwmiber
wiescecelleneocvs
Yard & Sidings

Industrizl equipment

Licbility IT) surcunee

Dreinezte « Culverts

Un

~

(Con't.)

yeor's work completes the Euron iive

ra 16 it.

eS orude by

Ww

i)

nh
Cs)
4
e

r vrive.

OT retal

fH
OO

an
Y)

CO

on

iN)
a

€

>

CUn
OpOO

ifs
a t
66

PHOTOGRAPHS TAKEN OF HURON RIVER DRIVE.

#1 shows muddy condition existing in Flat Rock with concrete
road down center of road,

#2 shows conditions existing at railroad crossings.
67

 

 

 

 

Photograph No. l.

 

 

 

Pipa er Photograph Ne. 2.
B20 £6. of Tonerete,.

@higs is the let mile of concrete ro.d in the 3t.
of --lchnigun,. The truffic on .oodw rad wus so neuwr thot
tne Board thoveht a concrete road would be a better
Peyvins proposition.

Cre rod dg of & eonree ecoretruction 18% wide and

64" deep. The first course is 1-23-65 send ar? Limestone

tH

4" deep. The second is l-e—e riy of sud orc ervered

eobble 2" deen in 25" sectiors,.

to
br

goints between sections 6 ply of tur paver
woe used in gome. a composition of still wax ana pitch

in sone, & =" southern pine bourd in some and in otrer

Ww)

Plzces to “"L" ircns, the idea beirs to cee which wis best.
fire cost of tris mile wes:
Gontroct 10,200. °C

diten LES.Q0b

©
KS

(G

rm

Mile drains “76.62

al
Ingvection ard Choulders 2,294.81

”

 

(yor)
Lleol miles = €6°7 fet.
Mrne work on thic roud is a continusetion cf tne mile

a

of concrete built lust year eyteniins to the ecunty lire.

wle

m
4
NY

"deep, ugies 2 evecislly

aw

TPeaid in & courses 16°

preoured tury soper Por ezpunsion joints.

_ cd
eee @ost wee eae Lollovwes

Other luboer c O04 ,62

Llisestonc 1702 tons 1,702.22
Cruszed echbble J1I.7o tone 7,154.18

“ r arr c

venent crfld bbls. e,ecd.94
a

Lar paoer 60,75

. . a,
bru Dave 1 Naa AT

—_

Dotal 1 L7,51E.18

ctoate neword 1,216.90

 

(16,200.16
/ 0

PHOTOGRAPHS OF WOODWARD AVE.

#1 shows a mud hole caused by the sinking of one twenty-

five foot section.
VT.

PHOTOGRAPHS TAKEN OF WOODWARD AVE.

 

 

 

Phetograph Ne. l.
7A

ICHIGO 280
dt Job Wk Ve a4 @

Ewins to the fact that a street cor track runs
down the center of wichigaen avenue und xelso thut th
truffic wus very heevy the Board decided to puve the

first SecO fect with brick. The township borded itself

for ,;25,000 to pave its ¢ghare and paved 3100 feet for
weO,C00, the Bourd pavine £,£00 feet for (16,524.10 by

contrzct. an additions:l 1¢47 feet were paved by the
Board making a total of 1.403 miles. The conplete cost

is enown us follows:

 

Contracts oe ,O73,69
Inspection 566,E7
Cpen diten Oe

Tile drains (1zvor) 55.70
Tile drains (materiel) 127.22
Dreins by contractor 427.71
Liscellaneous 145.¢€4
Total ~54 050,04

This report is includei to show the cost of
brick piving in corparison to concrete.
1910 - 12.7¢6 feet.
isichizan is one of the longest pieces of rod
constructec this yeur. It wes the orizinal intention
to build the road 6, inches deep but owing to the
nature cf the subgrade it was built 7;". Tne rocd is

bvilt of concrete in one ecurse 18' wide, 24' over all
(F
wICHi Gi oVauLUL. (Con't.)

using; leeW4 siix oF cenent, weusrei sand and wushed

LwO reinforced concrete culverts were constructed
ard one 45" spun bridse.

lost is es follows:

Teams Ww E,CII7E
Other lubor 10,776,651

Pebbles 2,061, 66

Sand 2,110.78
Bunk run gravel 115.70
Ceient 10 ,2é4. 86
Coal co 9.EO
Tar puper 76,62
Yurd rentul 20.06
Lurber 169.77
Lubrication, waste, «te. eld.11
wiscellonecus 129.70
Blue prints 16.00

 

“52,401.11

~

 

Drains 3,015.12
Bridge 760.09
ZOtal 700,286.22

LJ1l1l - ev7ce feet or Teeke miles,
anis roud wus constructed of concrete ueguin this
year but the bix was changed fiom 1-2-4 to 1l-l;-6 of

aiinimunm thickness of 7". Two reinforeed culverts
74¢

wICELSGi .Vnute. (Con't.)

were built,

otartins from the xeckrner oud to Dezrborn to

woyne 16 ft. excepting in svessins the poor farn whe

it is 2O', the Poor Comission poyine the addition:
width.

Cost .oudway Proper.

Teas 10 ,460.¢5

Ctner lebor c£,07E. 985

Pebbles 1E50 tons 20,760.

yand S192 tons 7 eae
Bank sun o6ce tons 1,285.¢6

Cement 22909 bbls 66,747.61
voul €05 tons 907,18
“¥ponsion joints 2,614.76
SeOress 147,96

Luniber 456.3

Oy)

Water sup oly 128.85

Blueprints 101.94

Lubrication .wuscte 254,16
Yard and Siding 85 .CO
Heurdware & hepairs 1,177.62
nental machinery 96.00
iniscelluneous 2°65 IE

 

wild 625.20
———

/Y

hloOai
Gotul from preceding p.r7e.
vreingze
Pilirs ct rouge
wotul cost of roud
Due frou villuses, etc.
Cost to County

L912 = UV .Ce’

Conerete coxnstrvetion 1-d-6.

wide, £4' over ell.

Costs:

(

Years
Other lubor
Crusred stone

Pebbles

Coul
Expansion joints

Luwnber

Blueprints
Lubrication
Eardwore & nepuilrs
Yord ond “$dir
Liebility Insureuce

miscellureous

Yotel

Buui.UL
. paw
ae wal Li lae

(Con't.)
$11E, 625.00
9,018.02
4,€18.56
“120, C58. 68
3. 5E1.18

“121,627.70

in

ngle @ource 16

S 6,766.62

29,545.00

OD
on
e

(>)
CQ)

(

wv
~J
a
SN]
CO
e

Cc)
~]

 
 

ry \ Le, a, ~ mee ENE , =
~Otel Prom preeecvtiey pove, JOP OTe Go
-~_. ; a

Yrein.ze Tee, O4
ry - "QD RTE OF
Lot ul 32 Glee. DD

(1918)

pease s
‘ é

woie yeor's work completes wichitu: ave. to tre

CountY line end ut this tine is the lonvest continuous
Stretch of concrete in the world. The read is 16 ft.
din the country end thru the villecses of Deurborn und
wayne tne villuces agree to ov, for nll ro:d in excess
of 16% end 2=lso an ainount egreal to the Stute seword,

The subsoil is a hezvy cluy excepting thru “Vine
wnere it is of sundy loom nature.

Teas 1,818.75

Cther lubor 10, <62.6¢

Pebbles 7,407.05

CO 1,192.80
aznansion joints £,062,.57

Lurniber end stenes 21.05

Board of men £1.06
Hardw.re & Nepuirs 022.95
~iscelluneous £45.61

Yurd ond sidin- 2,661.46
1
77

YC. UN ww sr ory vot .
eet x ii LV lL lle

ry Le - Js -, - a ~
2Otul of precedins Pure

Orsi

69

Pile

S| e .
PAV 2
~~

©)
ai
2
wo
oO
SS
& J
mM
{ 4)
KY
cx
o)
4
nae

co
O
feu

(1914)
ON
Pebbles
pund
Cecwent
Lx punsion
Lumber unée
Lubriestion

e

wiseellsineous

On 7 NN “9

aN y 0
es av tS o/ Von

 

STL C2667

L.il

 

"2,974.75

D4, 65

 

“3029.40
76

Photographs taken of Michigan Ave.

#1 and 2 show general views of this road.

#3 shows the muddy condition existing at the Washtenaw
county line,

#4 shows water running accross pavement in order to drain
the water away from the car tracks. This was done by track
men.

#5 shows hole in concrete pavement.

#6-7-8-9 show flood pictures taken on this road this spring.
ie
PHOTOGRAPHS TAKEN OF MICHIGAN AVE.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Photograph No. 2.
60.

 

a
— Photograph No. 3.

 

 

 

 

Photograph No. 4.
8 |.

 

 

 

     

= 2
Speaittens Photograph Ne. 5.

 

 

Photograph No. 6.
82.

 

   

Photograph No. 7.

   

Photograph No. 8.

     

9.

Photograph No,
EF

Weatlwall VLU.

this road is of concrete, 12' metal with mecidan
shoulders 7' wide and an additional width of dirt
Shoulders to make 24' over all. The subsoil is a
heavy clay; at the city linits is an wnpeve’ section
wnich sovewhat nullifies the beneficial effect of tie
improvement beyond. nis rool was leid by 2 crews worki:.g
14 hrs, a day on account of the inpassecble condition of
tne rocd efter . rain. oa .95 freignt rate on the bulk
of the mnuterial, bed roads to huvl over wade tuis an
expensive job.

Sne eost is as follovs:

 

Payroll.
Labor ” 69.0
Lxpansion joints 00.06
Lumber 9.26
Blue prints 14.47
Lubricution 14.06
Eurdwure & nepairs 16.11
Lisbility Insurance 4.00
Total to dute 202.56
(1912)
Me ane wl, 044.25
Other labor 11,716.62
Pebbles 6,240.08
Sand 1,152.70
Cement b,2£66.04

Conl 450.07
84

Vechote eat 22 Wind Lute
wPHaUSiOn joirts
Lwuuiber
uy Dress
Vater Suocly
Bourd of isen
Blue prints

Eardware & xepairs

ailceellaneous

Drainure
Total

(1914)
Te wis
Other Leber
Pebbles
Limestone
Cement
Coal
Uxoaunsion joints
Linsber
Slue prints

seiseellaneous

+

Nan ts
Creait

Drainure

Total.

167,65
00

JO.14

41.60

v£8,051.62
a nu 3 9 e! e eq’

a

1.679,25

29,730.88

942.75

1,669.08

968.48

1,607.60

17.17
69,94
Jeele
3.00
12.00
4,99

0D,477.08

ey

nOrage

 

Ww

o,4

\34

ry OD
a are

r
rf

e711 7&

.5,739.10
85.

GD LIV A AOD.

his was the first road usvon vhich the Boerd sturteu

\

3

+

work. It wes one of the worst rovds in azne County ound
is eulled upon to bear e neevy treffic. Dhe orizinal ro.d
is of @ Ssancy loom mixture in which we ren .ercss many
Sink holes wnd spvongy places, The dissosel of Which adated

materiully to the cost of ovr work. “e were confronted

Z

with a very long heul, the uver.ce length of which wis ¢
miles for the entire work. se ulso found plunk pleced

there by the toll rozd compuny three and four tiers cdecp,
the removul of which addec very materially to the cost of

construction.

This work, dutes from duly 18,1807 to Ded. S1, 08.

ork done us follows:
2 wiles surveyed and token over.

Plank for a digtunce of 2 miles removed and c.urted

nw

Maye 4 Niles ditehcess re dug. 11,648' of cesent broc.

were 1..id, 183 tons of coul used by expines. 6596 tons cf

stone spreud on road 2 wiles road gruded. 22 cue. yss. Gd

~

nd 40% bbls. ce.ent used in culvert. “ee:s cut for 2 iiles.

1152' lunber used. 4 curs cinders. «0,000 brick. 2 wells

dug and stund pipe constructec. 11 car railro:d siding

puilt. S3tor.ge she: built. «acre of duapine ground tile.

Rood of hutl gruded. 14,000 guliors ter ueed in veneer,

road is of:
86.
Ga D LIV ER 2c.D. (Con't.)
$6" inetel.
4’ shoulder on euch side moking e4' over all.
che edses of rozd ure 6" decp of metel und 6" deva
in center covered vith « ter curvet with line stove
screeninzs rolled in.
(8500! finished roud)
Cost of souds.

Culverte

Lubpor 76.26

wi berial 106.97

Tot. (208,25
UYLLNe

Libor vté7,6&

material © OCT, A&

Lotul -975.16
houd Prover.
Libor 6,577.02

Loterial 9.706.477

 

Totul , 16,065.49

miscellaneous z

 

1
rot 1 wel yllel4
Ot. te weword 1,609.60
Soest per yd. of moicud.m roudway.lo,oce.29

 

16 x €500 - 105,100 sq. yus.
5 _
15,208.29 - ,1l.Oo per su. ya.
15100

 
aN ra ws “> — tT" ~ . 7 ~~
Toews ad ~ ee ' -: ~-vw.e (cd ON ! t e )
ws | — . —/ ‘ y * mse me. ~~ tie Cavey wo ~ a)
2Nhe GOLLsaselorers neport CSS

Vip ae a “ a3 <7 Nt ey 5 &s.o Nw ,A
née muGudan ro.d showed ruttines «und

t— 4

Lolés with one
your's wear so concrete wos tried upon uw streteh Lidc0!' lois.
Tie rosdway pro.er is 18' wide with cnoulders of eruvel
makine 24' over all.
Lived upon .~ slishtly crowned subesraove 77 thick in

center and 6" ut e@2zcs of the followiis mix:

Jirst cotrse 4" deep of 1,2,-5 of cener ft - cle ra od

~ .. 3 -- a 7 - _. a ~ eee wa ye ff
ecord eoaurge €" de:p of le@ee ihix oF cement, Sand und

Lubor 1669.72
Limes tons CBS LSE
Cobbler tov.e 662.75

rtd 166,96 "

Open drain Llubor Lic. co

Mile adrii:v. Ll.bor S4.07

ay

Pile Groin iscterinl 72.25
mental winner 106.18
aentzl of yard O00

oye mg
,Oal es. @ ee vs

Lubricution, “~.. te, .te. 74, 0%

 

2Otal (4460,E1
88.

mT, Op O, oT Nn.
Ghee: lu! aot V “ ose ew he _»/ @ (co On t t @ )

5

nO Stute reward wlentionec,

It will be seen thut the certnt rocd cots very
little more to lay thun the ter macudon,
abird re ort from Cetcber 1, 1909 to “epte:.ber €0O, 1910.
eaount built this yeur 6,E21.
Toig yeeur's excenditrre incluéés 2 reinforcer concrete
culverts.
mune revort of tre com issic ers strutes tht the eoart
fre Work Wes consider. bly irere sed by the eo reity af
vw ter wd theo reilro.wd strike.
Oud Built by Cvogsso Sorstruetion Comp ny.
Umxoen€itures.
Noudwiusy Prower.

Contricé 16,422.10

Tra- as 4, FAC ON
inspecticn 46.70

“otra price of ce: ent on

oN ry 2 4

ucconiit of Le ~ @ “trike 7 ;

Xd
jf
e

1d
i>

~J
en
e

OS
cD

rentel of yard

Blue orints, -:otogr.oc.s und
.ivertising ~ Le 72
Ungineers'st. nes le .Cl

-1eeeLll.eous 52,00

el

 

Fot.1 “17,652.94
my j t 70 c A ‘> ¢ .
ie a 4 a Wl. we ot J e a)
- 7 Xx % rs
, om a - 4 “Ay ~y 4 ros
a= wa ks L J — & ~. Le e 74 ( et

-aGuforeenért for ¢ we 11.10

 

snyder .0ud Culvert 207.

Totul “19,CfS.60

“Ge FG. leid equcle L€ ~ CSol ecucls lLé,oCo

Te
-
7
D
om
tt
4

6oe Cf = 16,160
5 ~
voe& Ser yd. ecu els 12CS2.61 2 (1.60 per ya,
LeLto

wias Lisure snow that the cost cf constrretion wos

 

 

much mover than the previous rear even thouch thiics were

~ ~ 4. oo: “1 coo - s ~~ N otp ~ te ' -“ .
onere te coxnrtruetion on Grownad iiver,

ry a a) . rr <> 4. — Y a 7 . * 4. + acs . ~, on -
Tre road igs 16 ft. of mietl2 Ct ite porro est potnt.

Oo

4’ over oll.
216 24n dg L-1l,-6 of cenent, warhed soi und pebbles.
wee cost GP werk oory is er sollorvss

nwOUGVus proper.
 

wy ; ~ sy
Ned che bo ek oe

at, creer IN 4 : :

Pebbles 5750 tons
- "y ea 7" 5 oo - - .

Sot E€6hD tons

~ WANT 4 :

we ‘ it fUee bole,

- . .
~ . > A OOK - AN 4

ae a oe . «~

wlillie Wd NE ©: + Tob Ss

b
a
a
Ke
(.
cr
pte
QO
pe!
~~
~
{
sa)
cr
&

=

a f nd

ee ww. r Ay . wl €:
miscellaneous

Lotel

also entros Frou

arend total

as ye
Oy a Ne

~t .b6

1L9hO

JO.

LY:
meahs 8

~~-d&@e

nO. (Son't.)

EUG. LL:

nV OA
, Ca
oo"

~
e Pg)
ye A

 

 
@QulD LIV bh nc.dD. (Con't.)
wOud laid le ,Zhd F 1E = 212,000 sc. ft.

212,000 - 22,520 sq.yds.
7

/

 

 

RE1E.45 - (6.60 per sg. ya.
me0ecQ
wne extra cost of this reeod es stuter dy the Vormigsion-
ers is ane tu the fact that heuls were exytre:.cly long und
long detours were necess.ryv to get uwround the work to the
cldings.
OCTuUS.n = 1911 to ‘eptember - 1912,

noudway 2roper.

wO aS 1,100.00

Cther ]-bovr eC ,414.¢1

Pebbles LL feo. ec

“ed 4,086.40

Cenwent 16,786.64

SOUL CO .c£6

ro won. So ak NOT OF

~ . . -~ “ aC ”

a2 O6LNSTOn gOS giieh ala
a v

7 <1) - - 227 > QAO TO

' 7 . a3 ot c Cc be.

we Tit): r ww lt You 7. OS ve met

Vrarese sid messey per 16.0C

S vaehbe ifoone
ele 4) 7 V3. t; © weU ete

ct
©
e

dubrieatio , . i 6, é 150.59
Bourd of ren 1,427.10
Fordywere end rejoirs 616.44

Yard mca eiding HO,00

Livbility insurewnce 168.1¢
misecellunesus

fotel (Ineledin: precediny p ce.)

o
oO
ts
”
pete
ct
Q
me

“7 J fe -
22164 GQ¥Yoir:

Seboics 1.4é,
om LET to 1.79 oe Lr Gow

a a) - ~ = or
2Q WoUPa TO TaVeGe

~Oo4 Completed to the ecunty

Y

= oo s
a

A ~

“og OV: 1 ull,
Nahe
VOE Se

BOLaWAy proper.

~~ -eE

Cther lebor

SOUL

.
wo  F w
ates ws dado dt IJ

Lugber omd etches

line

 

oN ~ ys “~eN
-4 ro

WH 9 LC tlig it O

7" +7 a - o-

Cc . “~

- ~ @ m~ Kew

r o oe

& iG @etl’e

~ .  . ye

- » ay

eet COLES

~]

Oo
no
ey]

(>

td
e

eq
Or

Y
9
e7

ry .OoF
a” ,
we.
nN, cr
J is e C 7

j-2
CO
Jrainese,
wzileé Grains

Culverts
Grand totel

oF
wd ol

In this yeur tne secticn

~

uw oO0int one isile west wes concreted

eeis Will give on idew of the

“ee@eticn is of 18

ctore spoulders to rore 24!

composed of wushed suna

4

conerete at the edges ard S% inches

Flut subesricve.

[oct of work is as follows:
reas

Other lubor

Pebbles

tel

>
wv

e..ernt
Coal

Blue prints, ete

“>pansion joints

’
s
*

ever all.

 

CO 27 &E

1 & 9°

over oan old

cost of conereti

metcl vith

PAT.
4 ©

and pebbles with 6% inches af

in tte ee ter on

- -~ -
9 OMS
ow we @ MS

O

a)

6,09

60
4,298.01
1,709.11
5,546.73
150.87
20381
566.19

roud from doy ro.d to

me, ” a
Pine 20

Yr}
di

erusnec

eonerete is

s)
a
 

one Lie na VO valk ~iVsute ( C on ' t e )
bumper £Oe04
-ater sup.ly v6.10

Lubricoticn 75,65

‘ep
C\)
tad
Om
e
aw)
CD

EFurdvware ond re olin:

Yord ond “dine HD. 70
—~1seelleanresnes Toe 8
Qe eee eee

Total “17,550.99

a" e
' 2 yo. am eS
~Painase e@
ot

Other lebor 169.00

otute newurd 2,490.00
amount paid by county ~lo ,e7E.9)D
16 x ¢f@0 - 10,060 sc. yas.

9
le66 per scauscre y.rd.

 

Rou.d excenditvres for ‘vonstrvetion.

SOot21l cost os follows:

)
4
>

1907 to 1906) w.e. doin L7 cle

--
a)
_)
~

to 19029 Ce:.c..t Ay oveel

tJ
>
w)

ry
/

to 1710 Gecent 19,062.61

1210 to 121L Sesent £4 622,46
13i1 to 1912 Ge wt 9 861,45
1lo12 to 191 deat LO, £67.86

1912 to 1944 Cenent 17,775.99

Tot=1 cost wl95,796,.54
JF
PHOTOGRAPHS TAKEN OF GRAND RIVER ROAD.

#1l-2-3-4-5-< shows the result of quick-setting cement.

#6 shows the conditions existing at the Oakland Co. line.
#7 shows muddy conditions existing at railroad crossings.
#8 general view of Gd. River.

#9 shows the deep ditches which are necessary for proper
drainage,

#10 shows a sewer being placed in one of the ditches.
26.

PICTURES TAKEN OF GRAND RIVER ROAD.
ERNE

   
 

 

Picture No. l.

Gn A
need
wes wa ee

eat sg

 

 

Picture No. 2.

   
 
 
 

 

 

Picture Ne. 3.

n Picture No. 4.

Gast

&

wa es

 

 
 

Picture No.

 

 

 

Picture No. 6.
 
77

 
   
    
   

es
ie

A

 

 

 

 

~ Photograph Ne.

an
aes ae

od
 

 

 

 
—

Gai OD F.0D,
ahe work on thiy rowd wos sturted in1397 ord since
the wayne vounty Sorssissioner wornted to set in iéea of

wheat G@ private contr ctor could do, the seat.e line of

work Tor the first yours work wus let bz contrzuct. The

os)

conditions were very similor to Grand iver oud an
offer cu cood conpurison. In lettirns this contr-ct bids
were udvertised for widely and the contract was finally
let to « Detroit firm, *serdinond Poreth uid Sons, vnho
offere.. to build 5,200 feet (lineur) for the sum of 10,C¢C5,
She road built wes of tur mecudum 6" to 7' decn on
sides und €,", deep in the center, 16° of metal urd 24!
over ell.
vinee the contractor did only the uctusl construction
of the ro ad, tne county h.d to sunply the dreinuse eyster
eo th.t the totul cost of this ¢,6C0 fect of roud Wes:

Contr.ct “10,000.20

a

rouinure 1,001.52

~
~

t

ca

otel ~l1L,cO1.56

3

XT

mweuare Y rds meteul laid $550 x 16 - €€20
1101, 52 C1679 ver SC.
See
tO
Gne Cormissioners g y in their report trot they con

lay the ro-d cheuser themselves th.n to ire it done.
Jun. 1 'O9 to vee. ol "OS.
Built by Conission., 2450 seet.

Tiis year's work is of tear macuden coustruction 24 ft.

t-by
102
GxL.TIC? C.D. (Con't.)
over ell and 16 ft. of metal. It is of three course

coretruction &" decp wren finisher. The bottom course

is o” limestone, the middle covree 2" crushed cobble vtoxe
ond tne top course cobble store chives ard Ber,

a &

gne cost for this yeur's work is us follows:

Lubor on rouwdwouy prover a yeOe?
Linestone <" BEO,. 85
Sereeninss (Liirvestone) 37.00

Cobble stone e" 971.26

mn
cr
©
7

Sereenines (Cobble c1b.€5

Chipe ( " " ) 244.41
Tur 47E.9S
Open ‘iten lubor £6.55
tile ditch labor 262,08
tile 420.cel
su.rd rail 40.00

Coal 110.83

Lubricuticn E466
w1seelleneous bev0

 

Totcl vD,777 eT

nile YULé 6 Lid:
2450 x 16 - 4,260

 

5777.70 =- -1lecc per sq. ya.
4260

(1eSZ by Conmission 1.79 by contract the your before.
105
GuuTICD 2c. (Con't.)
Cefober 1, 1909 to “eptember TO, 1010,

=
~

3

LO Work on tis ro woes comsleteld this velt but the
tar maendam conctruction wes ubundcned und eoner. te con
structicn cturtedl, The ervenditrre voon tric ro.d in

this report wes 4,626.1€ ond is cxorried forwuord into

Che port resort.

17030 fect or 6.26 miles.

acis seeticn oF roud wes built to the county line
wCQ IS OF concrete coretruction 16 feet et its narrovest
point ord £4 foet over ull With ereavel chovliere.,

It is built of 1, 1l,, 2 eix of Portl nd ceneit,
screernées sand wnd screened gravel. Cn one mile stecl
exoengion jointe were usei between cot cections ord by
tie results secevred it ..s decideél to vee these foints
erclusively. @ reinforcer culverts were built .lso.

Coct Cae follows %

ee _

2 Lr AY oe 2 oP

ry -Q ce mort

a€ as Lo gs u Le “\
4 “ 7 7 o -

Jit J wo ft @f lw» . ece

Y

O
Co
}~
wp
ce
oO
a
a
ny

b
t)
ctr
©
"tr
SO)
C.)
@
cn

>

D . er VT, Q a cr AS eon, s 6 a \ o ond
eenules 6045 Tore ~ClOec!

ww A £2950 tone 6400.00
Punk run Sand E66 tors 177,44
Cesent Ge2o bbls. 2,690.16

mn ON

7O0.L tons 11¢ E20.20
. Ca) o.oo 5 ~“ = s 4 ‘ os, : , ors
wSpsansicn joints OLB SED

Lumber 1399.60

ik ESS 24.68
water supsly Lee ce
Zlveprints C2408

lubriection,

t
al
c
a
f—
C4
. “J
e
eo
Hs +

Do. «al moll. A:
2Ourt On Loon B.C

Yerd & oidir:s 7,86

Ce

Licbility Insvrence 107.62
Rordwsre uid repairs le1.90

micgelluneous LIe.4c

 

2otal 641,118.28
Druinuse A900 .75
Cpen diteh Leco.1lé

Tile @reins (labor) £62.84

Cost of road Uae DEE. 49

ytute regurd oe ce & CO

 

Cost to County 140,522.49

Tiis includes the nmoncy recorted under the 4th re-
port.

Up to the tine Of this report the work done upon tre

miles cf corcrete end 1,17 of

Y

roadway of Gratiot is 6,2
tur mucudan.
COPUiiw. Ll, LI1G to september SO, 1914.

Gratiot rocd at the city lis ite for » dittunce of £20
105°
GnaWloD ave. (Con't.)

feet is beiny pwed with brick. This section contéing
1,775 sq. yds. und is bein? done under cortrzuct. It is
the only mileasse improved with n utrel other thun conerete
this céuron, ond replaces the bituminous mucedan loid by
us in 1907. This section hus been u constiunt sorrece of
expense on account of resurfacing 26a sui nten.urce pecessary
and it wos deemed & reul economy to replece it. Thre bulunce

replicec witna concrete,

cs
Cc t

of the meeczdam on this rvoud will

2ce contrect price complete is ,5,£06.<0.

Hegide tuis the county puid sos follows:

OD
O

ry rs ar
2e uns bo @

e
}
ey

Other lxubor 1

 

2otal w24el1d
Contract und extrus Loge

2600.83 - 22.29 per sw. yard.
1775

This siven en idea of vheat it would coset to puve

these rouds with brick and is jut in here ror txrct surpore.

UBDULa 1, 1914 to “LPP... 69, TL.
“he old bituminous neeaden constrvetion built in 1907

vith en 18' concrete road, 24' or wider over .11 with the

enormous growth of treffie on tlie road, it was 3 continucus

2 a 2 ._ 2 o 8 . ~ a .. 72 2 A
source of heavy exvense to muintain in even 2 feir consitior.

tructisn veine wushed and scree:e sk

it ifs ov a 2 couree cons

—

pebbles 1-2-4 mix 4," tuick for the bottom course and trap

from = to ly, inches of lelg-&y mix £2"

ro¢k Yreiigin?eg in size 4

aw
/06
GRODLLD hued. (Con't.)
Chick for tie top course. Saner urticr pluter, spuce. 2a!
were used in the expunsion joints ond « Juxer Tinisning
machine wus use’ to etrike off, flout urd firnisn the rouc.
Urusned etone shoulders were buiit on euch side for a
distance of 4',
Pui an OL LOUS

be Lis © 1,577,850

Cther lebor 6,690.27

Sand 1,624.04 tons 1,018.26

sravel £,2£14.6 tons 2,156.80

Trap rock 9066.95 tcns S,6CC ed
Crushed granite Sé6.81 466,64

Cement 4,699 bbls 5 O0cl.1e

VOGl 9o0.c5 tons 266.94
Lumber 162.71
ater supoly 19.68
Cassp equipment £6.46
axoansicn joints 401.57
Hardware ond res..irs 129.66
sliscellaneous 212,56

Lubrication, wuste, ete 42,64
Totul ,21,081.¢c28
Drains, wile.

material 1060.47
Culverts

wen 64,98

Grand total gedl,266.78
Culverts
Pe acs
wen

laaterial

Grand total

tow

[07

GauDicT nv...

on precetine

[21,986.01
1/08
PHOTOGRAPHS TAKEN OF GRATIOT AVE,

#1 shows general view of this road.

#2 shows conditions existing at Macomb county line

#3 shows one of the uses of a concrete pavement.

#4 shows the condition of the "Dollarway Top" which was

placed by a contractor and lasted for about two years.
[097
PHOTOGRAPHS TAKEN OF GRATIOT AVE.

 

 

 

 

 

Photograph Ne. 2.
1/0.

'

 

 

Photograph Noe. 3.

 

 

 

Phetograph No. 4.
Wl
WAYNE ROAD SOUTH. 2652 feet.

(1910)

Wayne road south is a leading read eut ef Wayne vil-
lage connecting up Romulus and other small centers ef pop-
ulation in Wayne Ceunty.

It is built of concrete 10 ft. wide with 3 ft. ef
gravel on ene side and 3 ft. limestene on the other with
dirt shoulders making 24 ft. ever all. This type of con-
struction was used te determine the feasibility of leower-
ing the initial cost ef constructien on reads with light
traffic.

This road is built ef ene ceurse 6 inches deep of
Pertland cement, washed sand, and washed pebbles in pro-
pertions ef 1 - 2 4,

The follewing is a summary ef the cost:

Readway Proper

Laber $1852.13
Pebbhes (1014.35 cu. yds.) 818.64
Sand 597.65 cu. yds.) 1402.23
Limestone (190.12 cu. yds.) 193.76
Cement (665. bbls.) 790.82
Protection from frest 28.00
$4085.58
Drainage
Laber $47 .93
Material 64.957 112.30
Prop. ef general expense 204.07
Rental and repairs 146.60
Coal and wood oe tn
Miscellaneous e
Total charge $4629 .83

State reward 502,00
Cost to County $4127 .83
V2
WAYNE ROAD SOUTH. (Con't.)

1911.
The construction for this year was 2 e- 3 6 mix. One
course cement, washed sand, snd washed pebbles. 15 feet
metal, and 23 feet ever all.

Cest as follows:

Teams $ 440.50
Other labor 1443.94
Pebbles (1100 tons) 1090.38
Sand §89 tons) 481.85
Cement 1267 bbls.) 1538.80
Blue prints 18.08
Hardware and repairs 75.82
Miscellaneous 11.69
Drainage 15.00

$5056.06
State reward §00.00
Cest te county $4556.06

1912,
Censtruction same as in 1911. Tetal concrete road
built to date in three seasons 1.002 miles:
Cest this year as follews:

Roadway Proper

Teans $ 176.75
Other labor 686 .54
Limestone 67.93
Pebbles ($1.00 per ton) 197.00
Sand (85¢ per ton) 342.03
Expansion jeints 365.28
Lumber 25.14
Lubricatien, waste, atc. 39.50
Hardware and repairs 44.56
Yard and siding 15.00

Liability insurance $5.91
$2090.19
WF
WAYNE ROAD SOUTH. (Con't.)

1913

This road is completed from Wayne village te Romulus
which in turn is connected with the trunk line road going
teward New Beston. It is built of Concrete with a minimum
width over all of 24 ft. Seven re-inforced culverts were
built.

Subsoil is largely of sand.

Expenditures to date:

Teams $3098.75
Other labor 6248 .18
Pebbles 3746.51
Sand 2080.82
Cement 5169.67
Coal 33.70
Expansion joints 1945.00
Blue prints 2-50
Beard of men 15.00
Reoairs 53.01
Miscellaneous 20.8
S55Tis a
Drainage:
(Culverts) Teams $414.00
Labor 824.56
Material 489.51 1728 .07
$24141.74
1914
Payroll
Teams $2703.00
Labor 9133.23
Pebbles 4883.95
Sand 650.79
Limestone 378.23
Coal 161.21
Lumber 266.85
Water 111.33

Am't. to be carried forward $18288 .59
Ih
WAYNE ROAD SOUTH. (Con't.)

1914

Amount carried forward
Blue prints

Hardware and repairs
Yard and siding
Miscellaneous

Credit on cement

Drainage
Total

State reward on this read not given before
this $3243.00

$18288.59
18.07
50.00
29.43
$18605.49

1373.22
$17232.27
99,50
$17331.77
M45.
PLYMOUTH ROAD. (Gravel) (5280 ft.)

1910

Plymouth road is ene of the few stretches of gravel
built by the commission and will eventually connect up the
village of Plymouth with the City of Detroit. Greenfield
township had already built 2 miles of the state reward road
and Redford 6 miles, getting the money by direct taxation.

The material was obtained fer next to nothing, making
a low cost for this road.

Plymouth road starts at the town line of Plymouth and
is coming teward Detroit. It is 24 ft. wide over all with
12 ft. of metal. The grades are cut down to a maximum pro-
vided by the State Highway Dep't. making a fine type ef
gravel read.

Following is cest in detail:

Roadway Proper:

Labor $1502.50
Gravel 207.03
1709.53
Drainage:

Labor $200.40
Material 67.39 267.79
Gaurd rail 84.07
Proportion of general expense 206.44
Lumber 73.85
Rent of driveway 25.00
Coal 53.66
Lubrication and waste 12.05
Miscellaneous 25209
$2454.74

State reward 500.00
Total cost for one mile for county $1954.74
/1o

PLYMOUTH ROAD. (Con't.)
This road is of same construction as last year and ex-
tends one mile toward Detroit.

Cost as follows:

Teams $1389 .50
Other labor 1540.50
Screened gravel (171 tons) 172.80
Bank run gravel (2961 tons) 975.07
Ceal (34 tons) 169.20
Lumber 57.66
Express etc. 6.67
Blue prints 15.57
Miscellaneous 85.63
Drainage 103.53
Total cost $4516.13
State reward 500.00
Total cost to county $4016.13

Through Redford township five miles. Same construction

as above. Two re-inforced culverts built, but work is not en-

tirely finished. Tetal expenditures to date are $2022.51.

1912
Readway proper:

Teams

Other labor

Pebbles

Limestone

Coal

Lumber

Express

Blue prints
Lubrication

Board of men
Liability insurance
Rental ef machinery
Miscellaneous

Camp equipment

Yard and siding
Hardware and repairs
Amount carried ferward

$18103 .34
17148 .98
12136 .13
11320.41

252072
213.01

34.75

39 46
128 .88
1784.60
120.99
104.00
414.96
$31.59

86.52

666.78
$40866 .92
1/17
PLYMOUTH ROAD. (Con't.)

Amount brought forward $40866 .92
Drainage
Open ditch Teams and men $312.02
Tile drains - 456.37
Culverts $2546.06
69181.
1913

This road is completed its entire length from Detroit
te the village ef Plymouth. It crosses Greenfield, Redford,
Livonia, and Plymouth.

Cest this year as fellows:

Payroll

Teams $8003.00

Men 7973.42

Bank run gravel 1115.85

Pebbles 7933.38

Crushed limestone 10544.06

Hardstone 1238.21

Coal 74.52

Lumber 631.88

Express 152.78

Lubrication, waste, etc. 41.30

Board of men 280.60

Repairs and hardware 164.35

Camp equipment 57.88

Miscellaneous 156.11

Rental of yard 3.00

$38370.34
Drainage:

Open ditch re
Teams . 40.00
Men 677 .84

Culverts, payroll of men 44.88
Material £63.62
oe 1626.34

Tetal ef payroll $8370.34
Total cost fer 1913 39996.68
118
PLYMOUTH ROAD. (Con't.)

1914

Teams $150.00 .

Other labor 161.35

Pebbles 445.92

Limestone 306.42

Coal ) 53.84

Water 25.00

Blue prints - 6.00

Hardware and repairs 2015

Miscellaneous 55.92
$1186 .62

Drainage:
Teams | $55.00
Other labor 433.50

Material 40,26
Tetal $1715.38
{17
PHOTOGRAPHS OF PLYMOUTH ROAD.

#1-2 shows conditions existing on gravel roads in the Spring.
/20
PHOTOGRAPHS OF PLYMOUTH ROAD.

Pace te “E . -
Seret te ee: . ~
he 2 oot 2 ~~

i, S 3

° / . o 5

rp ic © «

b, eFoag \a Le Rad

we Re fam ed

ke chs oo

" +
Tied

= ‘

 

Photograph No. l.

SY &

p ; se) bees
i ee
alee

ie ns
= ee

   

Photograph No. 2.
{Zl

pout ooN™ Te a 3

-'— = Soon a ae ae a teow Wiawead a aes abe ws Ww oe So - om + wt @
5B. ada Le! v7 at @ ~- to! ¢ e
Jauetey Lawl Gg coteeicrer. Varese Gorrnb-
WL avccicn hl wu Lorde hf wd) Ul. e
os] 9 Y
x Py TD Nar a Cy %¢ > “- 4 ro ’ ~ “2 ry - $e: d 2 - 4 t Ve . 4°
wa ) bey — WA ~~ ~— Ww re ~C ~ . . ~a'i Jd Nad L 3 s -- we oe / Cee

vy
«Jd
'
a!
a
ty
-t
a1
é
2
‘,
>?
ct
4
wn
— 5
’ )
',
7;
cr
©
q
aa
a |
O
oy
ot
~4
(D
ml
cr
¢:
ctr
()
ryt
\ 4
cr
cor
y-~ 2
cy
H
1D
fe

ate. oo a - ~ yas: . < nA ~ an 40 at Le,
erase 9 re woveEenreont The So ref reeetvin: toe Gihews?
1G derart Ce Tarra €& ray & 4. fe Gre ouesticon ce

L 1 (7 a € Ch - Cw Vii 9 ae ww tae mote L - te p to ja tre

bh ‘7 Vc 7 ro c rn — “y etn, a -¢ o. .
peidates anc @exnlvorte. were prover -etrote veed in the

re

* 2 ae nage x) - wt ° oe .
strvetion of persoment bridszes ami culverts ir this

)
a
bs
7
3
ce

etete, many thovusonis of gollicurs taut ure now being spent
- -~ 7 . - 64a “ - a aa a de ae

emrually on their weuintenarce, “ioht be vees Ter beuter

3 . ers

In 19°07 the Stete Eighvay Depurtiert atterpteid to

Q

ret a comslete statercert of the eost cf bridves ara

e e e a . - ° yx 7. . ee \ . = . -, ;

culverts built in wighicon durire the year, ura tre to
7 = Ten oa >. ward Be aA we

wt repertel was ,€67,020.15. «at tee convention o

Com.is toner of wlenigun, in on udiress, vuve Jt os of
Opinion tuut the total wovll reach (1,009,000 for t' ¢

a lavce aroportion of the existing br
eulve ts, of well ose mony of those nov betne Milt, ure

present expeniitire for briages wa culverts is larvely

rouse. tO Yrerew or repair enacting etrrvet Ui LES ¢

The creat Luik of tie bru

une heaanse of this fuct, ovr
IZ2

ewilllig Entollsg all SULY Des. (Gon't.)

Spen lengths ef less than 50 feet, urd the eoet of
euiladine permerent strvetrres for such spans is recseonchle.
oO it is evisert that tris lurge exvenditvre might eve:nte
ually be matericlly reduced, ond the norey 20 euved ort
elsewnere on the rouds, by cloptire a policy of renewing
bricces with structures ag neurly permenenoé us mus be

con 4 + ssa 4) - 8 : a ey - as “ LN. tee -~, - -
HOS SIbDLG unwer thie @ix Bus tanees e

Pructicully permenent bridses ar? culverts roc he

_

~-y4

a | ~- 2% 2. ON > -.. 2 2o.ow YL. oo ~ fe " 7 . . °
obtcined bye builli:s them of reinfcree’ corerete, Wis

woos rea ON - Soom ee ml oe ye wt pe . . a - - -a 7 Of

oeteric a en pye Doe e- ters ively wsed For Vue W.t
i ‘ j- .° ‘ my 7 “ . ' ow ‘ oO 7 Pin x - ose - am cmoyt ” ~ ~ ~

cohstrvction, 4 UW 1s YeCoOSnisés aS G@  -oou ara checp

a mo + . ™, q tN Ge eo, mt 7 - ’ ~ an “Ne c a. “ - =

material for pernancrt works of all kiwis,

5 @

2oe problem of bricses ig differs

D
cr
ry
QO
{ a,’
ck
tw.
>
¢
cr
X
Hy

rouds, as no tutter whet tne cheructer of the roud muy
or now little truvel may
have bridves th..t will sustzuin the loc-ds thet cone

veon then; ond vu bridze in a spersely settles con unt ty
muy be culled upon to earry quite as heavy 2 load ous the
bridge vyon the ro:d Were traffic is frequent; co the

the requirevents of construction for u briave ure cre
cearly tie sare for ull loculitics.

In & great m jority of ecuses in tris st.te, tre
present ;ectnod of contructire Por 4 bricse Js vneconorjectl,
unbusinessline end unsound, Jide are usvelly usiea Yor,
uid the contractor sublits his ovn desisno, plens ond

2 be Ae ee yee ACH eee bey 7. Sg -. -,
leations, Bea GN ow ane veacen Dares “1S price on

¢0)
Co
bs
bh
- IZ?

“yO ys ro ne Ys NA Vd |

eetebe WS te ae Wt a ee wees dius pene ~ mrt @ (a OF} 4 e }
t., ‘ . 4 ‘s 4 ° . < ~ s = “se a wre + yan q. *. 5 ” % 4 o ~o ~

the @ueunest peseible desivn wealich he trinks be E@.H cet

nae BG, Vet + Fa ge pe. we Me . wees
w63e vel, Inis procelire has a worked terdenes? to lever

“ 1’ ~ 7 te — . Ad * . -4 7 3, wows con ~ -° 7’
Che etumdurd of phishway bridges,

y

"Y + -,=4 “4 ‘% =~ - v —s + oy any n , -~ ~ s =
in order to seavre o well desicned brijze it is

wt

C.

meccesury to :.ne rigid specifications as to loudi-,

7 be
and detulle of desicns urder vhieh a bridjee is to be
plomred, after provos_ls are subnitte’, carefrl er-
weinetion snmould te made of the plans to deternive
wWeetuer or net the con citicns disoread have been eurriel

™~ O. “ 5 of faa 4.5 n— OTN m +7) ym ", ‘
e plouns, epecificcticrs ard ceortruct

p-?

out. vopies of $3 ,

+

erovid be made in duplicute, am ohe set kept by the

—z

resyonsibvle officer of tne Zownship, nd a competent
ingvector shovild supervise the work.
woe G@tail of a Gesicn, sueh us thenurbder und
Spacing or rivets, tnickress and size of splice plutes
and pin plates, the methods of :ekics connections at
the goint, ete., are rarely if ever, ghovn. Zhe ecamucity
of the structure to curry sufely tre loud for wich itds
desisred denerds upon the stren-th of detuiis as well as
usjon the mein members, She whole bridvzve nag thus be
rendered unsufe by the faurlty construction of u sinele
detail, and yet the plenris of tie deteaiirs is dert
to tne contractor without restriction of ony niie,
27e contract enteres i:to is ulso frecvently vacve

ond nisleudiis. It is usvelly written on u blunk
/24

wiv. beable wo Jouve 2S. (Son't.)
rurnishel by the bidder, ond often contains eluvces
Which oper te to releuse the contrceetor fron responsi-
bility of ory kind. Uften plons which uppesr uttroetive
to the Commissioners nuy eull for a stronz, heovy
strvecture, but the cortrector, tekins ocverte e of the
svnustitution cluuse in the cbhntr.ct und tne lock of

truinins of the coaunissioners und inspectors, uctuelly

builds wwuch livnter, weaker and corsequently eheuper

if there ure uny legal difficultiss in the way

~

trey Should be rere’cied by Tegielative encetmuent, to
plece the bridze work of the stute under the direct

supervicicn of the stute Hisnvuy vepert en

)

dGepertrent ut the presert time is snmall,,ond the force

is pretty well over worked, and in texi: 7 up tie ce-

teils of this question provision should be tite for the
enplovnent of a competent bridze ensinecr so ur to secrvre

skxillec supervision of this branch of the Wolke

sm

yt Ty

&

Satisfactory restlts muy then be obt:irei by
questing competitive pluns which ure to conform to risié
soecificeutisns presurec hy such enzineer, who wo
pass voon tre plun subnitted, to deterii:e tieteer or
not they confor.ei to tho requiren.:ts previously out-
lined, The contr -ct shovid then be avurden to the Lowest

bidjer whose plens sre ricde in accordirce wibh the
125.
eLVEL GA Eadvius wl ClLV..tU. (Con't.)
Specifications, « twniform system of provos.Js should
6 furnished by the State Lishvuy Deportinent, tcbetner
Fitri a@ contract blunk,.

Loeul officers ehould notify the stute
Jepartment thut they contermolute undertekiny the con-
struction of a bridve, askins @ the sure tine that
envineerin? Services be rendered in eccn: ection there
witn. Upon receipt of such om incviry the State Nish-
Way veparti.ent sShovid set a dute for its enztineer to
mect witn the locel officer und view the site of tne
bridve, Definite recommerdaticns in roy .rad to tne
lenetn of Span urd cheructer of the structure ehovid
tren be made,

Plins and specificutions snould then ve prepures
in the office of the State Hishvey vepeurteecnt, und
forwarded to the locel officers for their ap.rovel,

4

after Which time and pluce of lettinz should be set,

e!
-_ 74

Tije dute shovld be set fur enovszh in adverce cr the

ey

return of the specifications, and the place should be
preferably in so.ie public building locuted in 2 town

or villuse conveniently reucne? by reilro .d.

©)

a
4.83
i 9

Upon the return of the plums und speciric ti

1 Leu jes should be sent to tne ccinmis: iciers
duplicute copies snouia be sen th ,
fre sent by the “tate Risnvay

ard notices of the lettine

. 5” an 2 eae L + 4 '
Devertuent to all briave companies kiown to be in a

“nh
ay
is
=
-)
-

; - cer “ 7 ™ oO @ rt - + : q epee ©, & ~( oO ,
nosition toa do tne wore, anu as GO: iole te data oS £0
+
$

vo Neu , UN ™ ‘ - JN To Od ™ 7, Ny = "N
- Lt Gin Tanke Dob tsa oda Cli ye wea ° ( U On ' e )
s q » e
~s -. “ ~ BAY yr") a0 yr ga 4 4 Bn mus c- ~¢ 5 + -
in rep.ura to beverrnineg conditions so thet bias

could Gn teny Cuses moudl their bids, eliniuctine the

expense oF sending uiin to insuect the site ind attend

a

C

Sree 1.7 os me Be ya Se en Weyer ey eee Age 7
sore sucn plen as is outlived above world

a LR. -o44 ae ~ un - 7 me 5 7 - -
pense fo the bidfvers, ard therefore reduce the eoct of

9
tr. @ stru ot a + ¢ t > “ t+ sot & os ; 7 + aan .. 4 '
Leg 2Gurre QO ie VONSHIp, una eectvre uecuucl cone
petition at the lettins.
OG OGste Litnway veportnuent covld also pregure

on E€Stisute or the cost, and from tine to tine insect

tié Vork durinz its conetructicn to see that it is
proverly @eurried on in uccordunce witn tre plors and
specificuti ns; und voon its completion « Pfirnul insnecti on
Shovld be vude, and &« certifieute avurdiedl to the loccel

officer, Cnly in soue such wuy will the tovmships cecure
well designed, permunent end properly constructes bringss,.

wichie.n cannot be considered as being thoroughly

re

up-to-dute on the good roxuds problem until some such

re

ution as is ovtlined in the forezoirr is teuken,
(27
PHOTOGRAPHS OF CULVERTS.

#1 shows typical culvert used throughout Wayne County.
#2 shows method of drainage through fills in the ditches.
128
CULVERTS.

 

 

 

Photograph No. l.

 

 

 

Photograph No. 2.
[27

‘te

“a

rot
D2
«

‘

4
sain

7 €

we

ry

_~

CD
42>

“~
?
4
{
7
oH
é ‘

-.
oo oA

vy

i

iL

~
eb

4.
U

Cok

C

«

4+ *
Us.

OV TF

-
G

L

4.

-~

OL

ote

1.

‘ iJ ael. o 9

~

1 }
bon
©
>
c:
»

etr:

3
’

el

r

“~
NO

u

TEC

1.

“a4
--
VL
17
*
as
~
(3

4

d¢

’

3
i

we

+

“
canon

4

, ol

wt one

Los a nn dee
TOM Cron:

J
\

(ou

“~~
‘4

o

=~. J 4 e
s

04

Ld

aba

1

‘de +S @

[ZO

.

\

woe

“4

~
_

Wi

“v7
?

w

Jel.

‘

he

eye

ot

wa

eo

mei Ce

Nie

“4

“at

“174

“4

uh

ar

roiks ’

rT

nn ed

om.
a

+

CL

t tb e

aN

(74

rn
Ws
ot

42>

“
: an
were BSA

- o -
ad,

)
a

t

lu

mf
©

reloutinn.

4a

42

(7
e
at

t

rhe

«

\-
lL
ne

{

a

~”
a a

?

9

wee

Cas
oe
one

‘aw.

“

C

tr.-
7 f

us
2ullroe wu

/€

-, f.'
Ye

[ 1
q.

~
13/

vw

C
7
aa
oo)
e .
=
¢
ey

~.?
mr.
we

,

a
t7.
~

”
*1

Joe
wee aod RS

4

ee bt

Cs
4s hm

9

c«a-
be

we

“4

a)

42>

4.
w

eww Ae

"7
nd

42

en
,
ad

te

aw

~ a Woe

-
Vone

v

aq

°
md

1

Roa ee ok

4.
gy.
Ne

a.
u

~™

t

ae
ao

~ uf!
a a.

t

4

ae
|
a

a OTORe

r 4
re

t

Nan

7
132.

os

7

')
.>

TOV,

s.
we te

s

GOT.

Cy

“y

Lu

42

ey

4

(oan oy

Sad

a a

-

/

a ONY mee
~ 94
‘a

Pye

Vor.

ww ll

os
‘
f

e

wows
a 2 he

"e

+

y
oN 4 oes

~
.
‘

5

C

ae 3

1

“4

“my

Ce ed

wee

ele

oe a
—_—V ew

¢

4.
ww a Gs

p-4
2
)
)
to
em
co ;
mo cm
4 mn
2

a ©)
1)
“cf a)
>

e >) ;
- M4 ()
ca
e eu
rl _
“71 > :

“ 42 a
ed
re oy 4-9

Qs a
' i
Wooo, 7
Jn r Mg
ve >

“ : : wool
to a) sd
Oo i

4
we y ,
i cy

1 .

: - of
e af ot,
ioe | r~ wa
Cr ad
47 ‘ at

2
2 ;

~ a 1

my boo -_
7,
Aa a

+7 t—
3
$-, > cD
(CL a4 { "
o 49
t 7% ‘
ne ’
“a ~ =~ 2

i)

4-4
C3

(> Te
ww ne te

71-

~

<"

]
aw

we
"15
t
e
amt
C
Moi
ry
(
>
rt
D.
oH)
*?
1
wo
4
h
'
)
LS
1
“1

|
~>

4)

{2

oy

ae ee

Cire

=a =

Cra

ve

%

an my ee
: .

wow

vd

JOT.

1

+
_

-_ 7
-~ \WJee

ae
Yorn e

ayy
ore

@é
roids -ncer e@ octriction, .s .ell us to reo uvon contr cts.
~cetion oc, Grea ter V, h.s been oncracd so tiat tie

Sstute Tighway Osadaissioner cén e271] u road instit:ite ennial-

ly 2.t sich pluce -s he nay cesig..te. It ulso provices

tht county ava tovne:ip road coaiissioners ean collect

treir per adiei Yor utternaince tris sacsetine tie sane us for

a

.0@t231 roid Worle

eection 9 hss been watendec Seo tiut the st.te UTighvay
Comiissicner nuy refise te .ceent anplicutions for st. te
rev..rd on rozds Viien re not leuding pbaullic rouvds una
tie loecution of ..ien aoes not meet vith his wprroval.
It firtier provides tict tie cute of comletizng a road
gives vnricrity for t.e mv cent of reword reat..cr trun the
apylieation nirber veien is fiven tie roud tien tie

apyliecation 2c »rofile ure filed with tre Comiicsioner.

7

Seetion 19 of tre xctate re.wara Law alloys tie par-

“

ment .f .9CO state revard on a conercte or brick roud

—

&' wide vitn -10.0 naditivzal for eu.¢@n additionsl1 fsot
in widt: up to mda ineliding 16' wide. It also »ro-
vides t:at a road mar be biilt With a central track of
ons @lass und wit? shoulders of 2 airferent class, and
ween Se brilt it vill te ertitled to state revora upon
tie certr.1 trac’ es specified, bls a revard for ¢e..¢ch
extr. foct in wi€ti for tie su.ilders ucco. dines to te
elass built. Te tot 1.i.t .f the re. urded surfuce is

16'. cluns of tris constriction nist be apvroved by t::e

CD

St.te “igia.ar Com -ission before t:.e constracticln worl buvgins.

Seetion 11 of ti-e State Nevurd Tuve provides thut
wat an Nv b -
wt. 2p (tont Lu @
-~- ~- : 5 4. . . ad. S - >
a oo r % ~N 4 mm ba o - 7
jones onda) FO Tiv sr adbs, countless, or Trea roles

ro 2 fond of tit tou.ns..in or cu-:tyve

cecticn 1° crevices t..at te tute Vis 7 Joucissioner
tT Order rensirs “voun ar old st te revurcea rounds «ten
are not rent in wrerer rev ir by t..e lcecl officizis. Ff

t:e>- ref.se or reslect to reniir tic roads, t..¢ it.te

tieir ecunty or tovrs.:i , ant «se it

PQ:
=_i
O
ct
Co
»
ct
b
MD
Cc:
ck
ct
CJD
'
”)
é
t
C
é
t
q
Ca
©
a
t+
|
tH
b
d
t

If tiere is no 20rner

~ —. ., ~. _ _—— wm te 7 Spe - -, oa . ‘ “ee "y . —- ms ~ Te 5
er ua are ti 2 reeerser: repairs ra v0. for t en out

a8)

of any Farag vwi.ie:n a. be vailable for thet pv-reose ra

renaer 2 bill to t:.¢ pro er officicls weere tie vork .as

st t. f-nis experced, ara t
imeornorate the ais st of t is bill in t.cir nent ruzmil r

taz toll.

4

Section 17 ..5 sd .ed to On.oter V, Vwoich srovides

teot ti2 State ifiver _evartrernt shall eccnstrict ard

QW.

Ww
uw

-w
™

a.intein all bricecs crr-eutc. t n 3C' oleur snun on 2
state rewerd ro.d, if tre tovns ip, fSvod reucs cistrict,

1 cowl t-.

©

)
69)
O
©)
a
ct
©
KH
O
eC
(
es
J

or eointyy ewmmencs

)
©
2
cr
Hy
ct
©
oo
ry
}/e
Or
AY
CD
cr)
(A
ct
4
‘a
CD
4
¢ )
Hy
©)
Oo’
J
©
Qu
e
pectiun 15 provices tiut t.er s:ull *e no bridg
>

or @clvert b.ilt on any eablic Lima wien (ss not of

sifficient strensth to s. fel carrz «. 15 ton acvinrg

e
vy

Llwuide Tiis is r-iged fro2 10 to 215 tons.

weection © provid:s ti. t © enevir a dr.in ercsses
& hignvay, t.c crain coumivsion s.uat1l bd ild t:e first
bridges and culverts wiies gs: 1] iave 2 essucit of
ai1cs ton moving lo.a, enursinge t:.c21 to the ur.in. It

?
one

slso provides tr..t sick a cilvert s..ai1 be of a per-
mascent nétcre one treet it sail be constructed on tie
center line of tie hirsh. 2 4s ‘o¢c.ted br a sirviy, in

dlons .-d@ svecifie tives v.ticn si.all

¢2
©
©)
©
KH
2
Co
rx
©
©
t
ct
ry
RY

3

be unproved br t:e roaa officials heavirg { irisciction.

It furtier provides tiut wien «u ur.in vusses alongs a
nige, ay .it:. each enclussa Tielad 1a wits e.e. fara
entrarce, Which bridge or —issare var siall also be

charged in the first inst nee to te Gr-ine

Sseetion 5S »rovices txt bs: fore ery ur..in can be

* \?

uiguway, written pernission ~-:st be

ev)

lnid @lon> Tt.

secured ®ro1 tie nige.a- officials raving jurisaiction

stip luting tiet no evcavation s:iall be muae nesrer

tan one rod to ti.e center line of the hig.wuy, —nd

stutirg Wut disvosition Shull be nade cf tie nuterial

evcavatede
rear Tp Ct OT UAYS

fie trun’ line high:ar act vus 2rended ‘so t:.at

local road offici.ls acting Jointly wit tie Stute
136
SVICPSTS (Con't.)
Comiissioner, mey estublisr adcditionel trunk
line hips. . s up to 2 linit of 3 miles pr surveved
tovinsnip in eac. ecoirty. Tre trick Jine fignvay act

w.s furtrer amended so ti.at tie State Vig.vuy wcepartrent

br‘ ares

“eo

j °
Cb

as authority to repair and muintBin tran: lin

A

n tie

«\)

as well us to constrict t.ene .aitiority is giv

, @

st.te rig. vay Comiissioner to p22, revsir revard on trunk
line highvuyse “ee is Fortier -iven a.t.ority to insist
on tre renvair of ola trink line roads in  iny to.nshio or
county, and if tre hocal officials f-.il or neslect to
repair i:e rouds us directed, i.e may Vitniold poyuent
of stute revord and if trere is no sct.te revard du: said
county or tovus:ip, t.en ne srall Luve uuti.ority to nake
t:.e necess.ry repuirs und render a bill to t:.e officials
of s id tow ship or county, voie:: bill m:st be paid u on
their Vurrant, the ano mt to be spread uvon tne next
regulur t.” roll by tie Sipervisors to reisbirse t:e St te.

suffieient voprorri-.tions vere m.ae to tae care of

st.te rewsrd deficieney from the previous yerr, and a
resonable snount to ture care of all st.te reiard and
trink line rouds tc be built ti.e next two ve..rs.
SUuramsy RERCLE TD ..cT ‘Cc. 68.

fis act ves introd:ced by senator -orforda 74

yrovides tz.t owners of isolated lands \.:.cre tie sane

are pletted and sibcividaed into lots for resiae ce

p reoses or lake resort: honcs, -'d wW:erce tre plet or
137
sy Ssts (don't.)
Sibdivision « s been »roperls recorded in t:e office of
tie Segister of vescas of the Vounty ~«i.ersc t..e lands are
located, shall Lave tie rigit to 2eq-ire in tre sane
amer es covered n .ct oe255, vublic .cts of 1909,
establisnent, openins, ond aaintenance fron the neurest

public :.tgnvur. Tris ro@a suall not be less tz:ucn 2 rods

r

4

Wide, and vi.en so aeecaqr:ired si..ll be dedic.ted to the
pib'ic for ise 28 @ fiervar Bb the owner or owners of the

sub-division.

This act wus ‘ntrodiced by Nepresentative Ro:-ertson
under Toise Bill So. 352 and provides tr.t all st te re-
ward roads not design.tcd and n.nes -t ti.e tine this act
gnall tare effect, siall be given an appropriate nane in
their entirety by tre St te igiva- Comnissioner 7rd County
road Boards or tir.e Bourds of Ssipervisors in cointies not
onerating under tre cmzt: roca system.

The Board of County o-d Comnissioners or Boards of
Sup rvisors ‘n cointics not operating unaer tie county
road systen, snell cause to be placed «t evury bruncr of
state revard road or cross roud, 2 s:it.ble Sign bourd.
This sign board shall have print-d tiereon t:.e name of tie
road and tie distance to tie nearest imoort:.t ton,
villace or city. Tie expense of t.e erection -nd keepirg
in repair of all s:ch sign beards is to be paid out of
ti:e pener.1 fr-4 cof tie county Where sign boards -re

srectede
/40
Oye DETS. (Con't}

Tne aesifn ff tie Sign board is to be nude by
tie Stute ifnwar Contiissioner.

Bry oY 22 Bron ox .cP cs) 2. 3106

Tris act is an ucaditionel net.od cf constructing
a@nd improving higr. avs not locatcd in the incorvrorated
limits of a city or villece. It vroviaes for tie
assessuent of a district for @ nurt fte cost ££ rod
imeroveients in tie sane muinner as ao onty arains of tris
Stete .re ta’en care of. This net..oa nus been tried out
ver” suecessfuliy in c..iee It seers ti: at bot. ti:e counties
under ti.e cou ty road svstem una t: c tovns: ips in counties
not under t::is s:stem vill be be efited b: this udditional
means cf finencirng ro.d imoroverent work.

Tris bill . s introdiced by Senator Covert .*a is
known 2S Senite “rrolled «et Ho. 30, or .ct. o. “10,
=“ublic ..cts 1915-6

,Lenever te mutority of front ge cevners alon™ ax
bhighs.ay not less t.an % miles in lengtr, decide to
improve t..e s.ic, t.ey sn ll file = petition with tie
Bo.rd od Sounty Ao-.d Somiissi oners, usving ti.at tne -ighn-
way be improved. ‘pon receiot -f ti.is enplicetion, tre
Bourd of County RX. 2d C mmissioners c:all ex-nine the
highway and determine vi.etner t. ce improvei:nt is necess.ry.
lf they consider t:e petition favorably, tre, snxull cause
a surver: to be ede, specifications to be ar.wn Showing
an imoroverzent sritable for t:.e J-ignuyva:, ara estimates of

the coste Tis is to be done by & cojnetent eng. neer.
(4

[oT ~ TPN \
»

wo, ee eh a4. ae sy
Trey s:all alse suve a plat meade of tre flee. a: Shove
ing tie lands tus«t wil” be bervefitcd by t © proposca

improve ent. 11 e bridges, road @ratins, «ra

hw
a)
%
C2
}
3
KH
ch
©)
ia)
ct
be
t-~
i
>
Ky
©
{

t:.
eulvierts s:.6l1ll1 be fic red

9

posed innrovene :t.

If atter te survey, svecificutions, «a esti.utes
sf cost tuve vecn nade axa filed, t:.e Board of County
-0LQ@ GFomilesloners are of t:e odinion t.at Scien inm-
yroverent s necessary, trey Shall neice t.cir first
order of deternizvetion. .-ttuc: ed to tris order s o:ld
be t:.e Specifications, toget.er witre a ceserintion f
t:.e hbounduries of tre provosed essessvexrnt district. Te
Bourd of County Rouwd Connissioners shell tren beor
obscctions to t:¢ provoscd imvroveitzent ut « tine ard
plece to be fixed bv tren vVitnhin the proposea srecial
assessrent district 2lo.¢ t.e line .f rouc to be im-roved.
t+ tris meeting all purtics or persons interested ure
req:ired to -rese t t: eir objections, if any, to te new
imorove cents. Tunis neeting is to be \.ell udvortised in

t..e roa

@

trie loeat district, tovrs ip «7a county ‘ier
is loc.ted.e -t tris .6arivg t.e Commissioners a7 ure
ony eLanges i. t..e spe¢ifice tions voices t e consider
advisable, provided sic.. changes do not incre .se t::e
origival estriuctes nore t.un ten per cent. I tre in-
cre.se is more thon ten cor cent, t:.en au new *euring
mist be .dvertised ::d reld. If aft er :ezring t-.e

objections, t.e Bozrd of County Rtoud conrissiloners feel
IZA.

~ ¢

mane » TN Una, TF
RD et iad ns ee I wil ve

”
~
a!
cf

4
“
wa J
cn
-
Ls
,
on

toet the new doscrayenest ts peeessur:

F
r
'

e

of the publie velfors all convernienee and decide to
construct tec Ssa.e, ther sholl deternirce the followin:

dst. we nevsher -f inetallorcnts in whith the
Coney Tor the toproverernt shell be ratvced, Mais nvober
Shall not exeecit ten ipstall:e:nts.

alee, Ae Cpceiul elsessrert Gictriet wo tle
epoortion srt of the total cort of constrveticn which
the cow ty at lurse ghaull puy by reason of the b refit
Of loaproving the hisnvay, and the cegvortionsent of thre
cost of sonstruction thet the township traversed snall
pay. hey Chall olco detersine tie oplorticnnent of
rer cent of benefits to be prid by the ersessncrt
Gistrict. One district apoorticnvent shall not be less

t-4

than 25 pef cci:t not wore than 76 per cont oF the tote

cost of the Aeprovencnt.
after the completion of the upporti ain> of per
cert of benefits to be puid by the prospective var

the County Soud Comsissiorers shall sive notice by ud-

vertisiny ord posting of tie review of the roll. ..t
the Board of Sounty soak Vormissioners
ll espear und bear all objections to the proposed

sf ponetits ond eauclize the cave wd

ives and coprefticous tiut ther snall det:
Net

: : , . oN 2
es wup divite the propyorea
[4 3

re {3 .. f
A mee wm rs. @ mene pel t.)

+ > ps yt $7. - are An ao . :

disprove.e nt into three gseeticns., crne of the feetisn
’ a ° 74 a s

7 Yad € a \ f + ‘ “YO. it a 4. "of % 44. ae NS vr

PrOPOR GA to oO Poprovel the Liret eP-L, bee ae oodnay

section the se Jove 1 the 2 nots ;

s€culor the second yeur, ard the List seetivn the

ba TN 7 y Ve ate cpt ws . ~. ~ soos — 7 x Wate - 4s = -
oO Spread over Gio or trrec yeurs, the pro,le intereeste

- oe . oe “es L moO ? ; Ly 14" - ae = 4. Vn: ; + ” .
mocuse tie proesoseld Inproveneré is to be divice*? into

section: for Lettiic sepurite years, then the acseesce
meng roll sieil be :ade for the first cesticon orle ut
the rey roll choull be prepures for €len svececdi- > -eur
for eucn suececdines: seetion,.

after the tine for apeeul froo the osseecrent roll

hae expired, or ofter the up oe le hove all teen decided,
the 2ourd ef Sounty boul Sosnisciscrers shell then pre-
pore a tur ossescvent roll for the firet ye ir for tle
collection of tures, ond shell certity the eure to the
sovinsiip Board ud to the Downsiip Slexkk in plenty of
tane fo be ected upon of their cingwvll iwectines,

we E0eeci.)l tuxes Yor tlas work choll be collector

. ~ Noe Coy ee ee yea A -; 5 yas es ms Ayn . a hk
in the suné morn er und by the cure officers ur tie “tute,

+
4 be

rN 7 7 my 7 my ty RS 7 mw NO .t , as “E19
vounty, and Totnerip tares ore collected,

mys OTN Pm mM. eT DM tenet mes ~- Nar nayhke
ane: Soara O7 4M nty OAH LOO ER Ter eves we VOL US

for tides fer the constrretiln or guprovirs of the reid,
wo berroy soccer tn on wc at nes to eneern the were
roifec or Gollecte* br oeecs. vert roll reverrel to,

in tovnshipe or ¢surtice 20%) vraer tue gone ty rae
(44.

"ao
LL

“J

a
=f
ra

~

wane .

Ops ai

of

ct
Ky -

esd

an

. a.
‘en aie he “uy

U

wl)

- A.
oe bie ~e
ct
srrdala

a

~
~
ww

4
’

¢
Tew ek

ae)

€
Recommendations of the authors in the

Construction of Concrete Highways.
[46

a Study of the creck count table in this thesis
Shows tht the conerete roads crack each yeur and that
the number of defective slabs increase each year. Tnis
shows th.t it is not a perticulsr section of the rozxd
th:t develops new cracks but ::ew slabs or sections
crack as well. It will be noticed thet the muin travel-
ed roads, or those carrying a heuvy traffic are more
subject to noles and cracks as would naturally be ex-
pected, woodward leuds with 80.9, defective slabs, Grand
niver next with 74.8) defective slubs and wichican ord
with 72.6. The first two ere 2 course roads and the
third lL course. ‘Tne road built uvon Grend iver in 1909
of sume mix and same subgrade shows 15.8) less cracks
than that built in 1910, but the road built in 1911 and
1912 of weshed sund and pebbles shows a marked decreuse
in defective slabs. Both these rozds are on a sand loan
subgrade which is maturally more porous then clay end
more easily drained.

The table shows thut on the River roud the percent-
age of defective slabs on sections built of 1-2-4 mix
washed sand and pebbles hus a defective percentese of
55.0 and the next year's work of 115-3 mix shows a
defective percentage of 54.6. ‘Since this is on sane
subgrade it wouid go to show thet the difference in mix
had very little to do with @he defective slzbs.

On side hills and fills the Board hzeve used tri-

ansular reinforeing with warked suecess yet think thet
[4/

if does not pey to reinrorce these roads since interest
on the investment at 4), will more thun pay for tne fill-
ing of cracks witk a mixture of Tarvia a and A und sand.

Sne soard durinzt the first three years lzid the
wash on @ crowned subgrade but curing the lust years
they have been laying upon a flat subgrade. The reason
for tris is thet they think tne outside of the concrete
slab (or the edges) settle first und the crown supports
the center of tre slab causing a cantilever action and
a consequent longitudinal crack,

The fact that the older pevemerts laid upon a
curved subgrade snow very little higher percentage of
crecxs then on the flat subserade would disprove this
tneory since the early rouds were mixed from a dirty
sand und gravel while the later roads were built of
wesned sand and gruvel.

slong Grand iver Koad for a stretch of 1000 feet
the contractor used Huron cuick settings cement. This
puvement hed to be resurfaced this Syrins uf u lurve
expense, This would show that quick settins cement
wes no good for pavements.

long wichigan avenue in the village of Desrborn
one side of the cur track wes luid by a contractor and
the other side by the Board. Tune contrector was careless
about lettins the blades of his mixer get clogsed up and

& Spulling off of the surface of the p:vement requiring
48

renewal of the surface in a few yeors, The other side
of the street, laid by tne Board, is in sooc eondition
still, This shows what a little ecsrelessness will do
in w concrete pzevemenrt.

aS mentioned before, roads laid with unwashed sand
and gravel are much more subject to holes and cracks

than the roads were washed sand and gravel were used,
[47

“@ would recommend from our data and observations
a two course roud of 1-23-5 cement, washed sand, and
washed gravel 4" deep for lst course und 1-2-3 cement,
washed Sand and trap rock 3" deep for second course
with 18' of wetcl and limestone shoulders 24' over all.
The roud to be laid upon a curved subgrude with drain
tile running down the center of the road about 2' under
the cement and with sufficient luterals lesding ovt so
that the surplus water would be drained into side ditches
in a very short time. The pictures we have shown of
water seeping uo through the cracks in the pavement show-
ing thet it is frost action and not the cantilever effect
of the slab thut causes the mujority of the cracks.

Ve would also recomend the use of a triangular
mesh reinforcement throughout, for the results shown
by its use on fills and steep grades would, in our es-
timation, justify its use altno tne first cost would be
Slightly greater but since a concrete road with 15' of
metal will average, ~15,000 per mile a slight additional
first cost would be a wise investiernt in the long run.

"es would advise cireuler curves with super elevation

at all turns, thus getting away from the corners, sucn

as ure shown in pictures of road at Trenton and vicinity.
{70

~@ would also reecomnend that rail road crossings
be peved with brick on a cinder foundation, instead of
plankeu as now is the custom, forisin> a smoother «and
sufer crossing.

with tnis road and the limiting grudes th:t are
novi fixed by the State Highway Departinent we believe
that we wovld have a road th..t would be almost non-
cracking, very little more first cost than roads now
constructed and less cost of maintunence,

For resurfucinz we woivld recomend thet the old
rozd surfuce be swept as clean as possible, chipved with

a pick or similar tool ard then given 2 wash of weak

Net

es ™

ouree Late vron the.

Cz

hydrochloric acid and a new top

01a foundation fillinz: all holes sand broken places with

the sane material.

we do not believe it practical to resurface the
old foundation with brick as it wovld reguire a curh
and this type of road is not adapted to curbing.e

In places where water is lisely to run over the
concrete in the Spring we wovld recomend a small pro-

tecting wall to be built upon both sides of tne concrete

at the tine the road is built to protect thre roadway

from under mining und washing out.

} S "ine type
The bridges aS now constructed are of a fine ty}

and could not be juprovei upon from san esthetic or
(F1

efficiency point of view. Greater cure shovld be used
in their foundations, however, for the itichigan svenue
bridzve at River nouge hus settled 10" at the center
piers and the Dix avenue bridzve over tne sane streun
has settled 6",

The first bridze is concrete arch and the second
bascule and both were very costly and more care should
have been taken in the foundations.

Considerinz thut Vayne County were fioneers in
this work we believe their roads were built the best
they knew how at the tine and thut the tax payers!

noney wus hundled as cere-fully as tho it had been

their own.
(IF

PasislouTluus.

CA)

Bor a Concrete -Road on--~--------------------oad
TOWNSHIP Of eccccccccvecccccvcssccsesesesseevazrne County Rich.
adweard IN, Hines, Chairman
John ©. Hasserty
villicm >. Butler.
DESCALPPIVCi of 2Cad
Pil us
For the sake of brevity, the Board of County xoad
Commissicners for the County of Wayne will be referred
to in tnese specifications as the Board; tre person,firn
or corporation to whom the contract shall be owzrded will
be referred to us the Contractor; and the engineer employed
by the Board will be referred to as the ingineer,
PLALS 2D DaAw.iios
Tre plan, profile and cross sections on file in tne
office of the Board show general locetions, profile, de-
tails and dimensions. The work will be constructed in
all respects according to the above mentionea plans, pro-
fi le and cross sections, which form a p rt of these speci-
fications.
any variation of location, profile, size und dimensions
from that shown on the plans, which my be required by the
exigencies of constructicn, will in all cases be determined

by the Engineer; and the Contractor shall not on any pre-
19 3
SPLUIFICATICUS. (Con't.)

tense, save that of the written crder of a m:.jority of
the Board deviate from the intent of these plans and speci-
fications,

Cn all drawines, figured dimensions are to be txken in
cases of discrerencies between scale and figures,

COnw Ci 1D OF VK

THe work embraced in these specificaetisns shall be
begun not later than. .ccccccccccccccsescecey End CLrried on
regularly and uninterruptedly, unless the Board shall otner-
Wise direct, ard with such force as to imsure its couoletion
within the time specified in the contract. @he Vontractor
will give the Board ten days' notice before commencement of
the work, and also notice that he has on hind or available
the necessary material to vninterruptedly carry on the work
to corpletion.

after the work shall heave been corrienced, if the saiie
shall be interrupted and delayed by the Contractor from any
cause whatever the Board shall have the risht to rire an

inspector or watchman and put him in charge cf the road

a

during the interruption, end deduct the wages p2id such

c

employee from the amount due the Contractor.
Crbi.S TO Be CBaY2D
whenever the Contr=etor is not present on the works,
orders will be given to tne superintendents or overseers

who may be in im-ediate charge thereof, und shall by tnem
(54

SPHCIFICaT1ICHS. (Con't.)
be received and strictly obeyed. snd if any verson enploy-
ed on t:.e work snall refuse or neglect to obey the directions
of the Board or its duly authorized agents, in anything re-
Jating to the work, or shall appear to the Board to be in-
competent, disorderly or unfaithful, he shall upon the order
of the Board, be at once discharged, und not aguin employed
on any part of the work.

TILLis.

If the work is to be constructed alongside a street
railway track, the first work to be done will be the layirg
of a course of four inch land tile on the side of said road
next to said track, distant four feet from and parellel with
the nearest rail, and at the depth shown on plans. Before
the filling beck is permitted, the tilc must be covered
their entire length and one-half their circumfere:ce with a
layer of tar peper, to keep sand and other material from
waphing through tre joints.

Mach proposal must state the price per lineal foot at
whitéh the bidder will undertake to do the tiling as above
indicated: but the Board reserves the right to reject that
part of the proposal relating to tiling end to do that part
of the work by day labor, and to accept that part of the
proposal relatinz to roadway proper only, on those parts

relating to roadway proper und open ditchinz; in either of
ISS
SPECIFICATIONS. (Con't.)
Which cases the work of tiling at any given po-int must
be completed before the work on the roadway proper is
begun.
COPLil DITCHING

if the work to be constructed is not along side a
street railway track, an open ditch must be dus along
both sides of said road beyond the earth shoulders,
location and dimensions of said ditches being shovn on
plans. This work muy be done either before or after the
roadway proper; but if done before the ditches must be kcpt
free am clear from rubbish and refuse during the con-
struction of the roadwey proper, az:d left in as good con-
diticn in every way as if the work had been done after =>
the concreting and building of the snoulders, If the work
to be constructed is along side of a street reilway track
then an open ditch will be dvg only on the side of tne
work opososite the street reilway track,
| Hach proposal must state the price per lineal foot
at which the bidder will undertaiie to do the open ditching
as above indicated; but the Board reserves the rignt to
reject that part of the propyosel relating to open ditch-
ing and do that part of the work by day lebor end to
aecevt thet part of the proposal relating to roadway proper

only or those perts relating to roadway proper and tilings.
(56
SPECIPICUTICUS., (Con't.)
GaiDIG,

Tne term grading shall include al? cuts, fills,
aditenes, borrow pit, approaches and 211 earth moving
for whatever purpose, where such work is an essential
part of or necessary to the prosecttion of the cortrect.
hen, to bring the surface to grade, a fill of one foot
or less is requirei, tre area shall be thorouschly grubbed,
.ll soft, spnonsy or ydelding spots and all vegeteble or
other objecticnable matter shall be removed and the spsace
refilled with suitable material.

Stakes will be set by the hneineer for the center line,
Side of slopes, finisned grade and other recessury points
properly murkec for the but of fills

axeess naterizl snell be disposed of es directed by
the ingineer, tre free haul not to exceec...c.cccr cece et let.

iaterials heuléd a greter distance thun te free haul
fron the pluce of excavation snall be pwid for at the rate
Of. cccccccseeee Cents per cubic yard for ezch sdditionzl....
cece rece ccccc eevee LEC,

Mmbankments snall be formed of earth or otner apnroved
materials and srell be constructed in successive layers,
tne first of which shall exterd entirely across from the
toe of the Slop on one side to the toe of tne slope on tne

other side, und successive lxyers shell extend entirely
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
17 7
SPHCIPIC.TIC“S. (Con't.)
across the embunkments from slope to Slope. Zach leyer,
which shell not exceed one foot in depth shall be thorouch-
ly rolled with a roller weighing approxinately ten tons
before the succeeding leyer is placed. The roller snall
puss over the entire area of the fill at least twice.

The sides of tne embanknent shall be xcpt lower than
the center during a11 steges of the work and the surface
meintsined in condition for adequate drainage, The use
of muck, quicks:nc, soft clsey or spongy neterial which
Will not consolidate under the roller is prohibitec.

Uhen the neaeterial excavated from the cuts is not
sufficient to muke the fills snown on the plans, the con-
tr.ctor shall furnish the necessary extra materisl to
bring the fills to the proper width and grade. ‘hen the
earth work is completed, the cross section of the roxud

shall conform to the cross sectional dr.wings and profile

Gro

attached hereto.

All Slopes must be properly dresscd to lines given
by the #nzineer,

“hen the grade line is apsroached the final grade
stakes will be set, for which sufficient notice must be
Given to the Envzineer.

Note: In excavating cute, it is considered ad-

visable, when the line of the subger:de is aporoached,

to compact the remsuinirs nuterial by rollins.

The depth of material left in the cut to be
SPIOIFIC.TICNS. (Con't.!
compressed to the finished grade by rollins
Will depend upon the character of the materiel,
SUB- Gin.

zne bottom of the excavation or the top of the fill
when completed shall be knowm es the subgrade und shall
be ot 211 places trve to the elevation as shown on the
rlens cttuched hereto.

tre roudway shall be grsded to tie proner eubsrede

fo permit of the svecifiec thickress of poavine matcricls

D

being loid to bri:.z the finishe*™ surfaoe of the pr.vement
to the lines and gredes 2s shown on the pluns.

she subgrade shall be brouztret to 3a firm, unyielding
surface by rollirs the entire wrea with a self-nropelled
roller welesnins approxinitely ten tons, end all scorticns
of the surfuce of the eubsride which wre insecessible to
the roller srell be thorouchly toned with a hand tam.
weiching not less than fifty pounds, the face of wich
s.all not exceed one hundred square inches in cress, ..11
soft, sponsy or yeilding spots end all vegetable or other
objectionable mutter shull be entirely removed and the
sozce refilled with svit:-ble metcricl,

“where considered necessary or of assist nee in pro-

ducing & commect, solid surfsece, the subgrade before being

rolled sn2ll be wel] sprinkled with vater.
139
SPECIVIOATIOLS. (Con't.)

wnen tne econerete pevement is to be constructed cover
-n old roudbe® compdsed of gravel or maecadan, und the con-
crete is to be wider thun the o14 gravel or nucedan roud,
the latter shall be entirely loosened 2nd the meoteri:l
spread for the full width of the rocdbed and rollec. «all
interstices, snall be filled with fine reterial, send rolled
to mexe a dense, tisht surfsce cf the rozdbed,

to conerete shall be devosited until the eu
crecxei and acceoted Ey tne uncineer,.

Upon the subgrade thus formed shall be ladi the ccncrete
ue Shown in thé plans attached hereto.

ata ae

che cement to be used has been contrected for by the
3ourd at....eper b.rrel, cloth sacks, delivered in carload
lots at any railroad sitirs in “pyne County, on £0 days!
ti:.e, subject to a discount of....cents oer barrel if
paid within ten days after the cer is plo>cei on the siding
to which originally ordered, Cloth sacks will be charged
at 10 cexte each (included in sbove price) ani when re-
turned to the factory offhe compuny furnishing sure,
freight prepaid, in good condition, subject to fuctory
count und inspection, will be credited at the eane price
as churged.

The Contrctor must order and poy for the cenernt us

per contract referred to, und must texe cxre of erd return
160
SPaclPle. 21s. (Con't.)
to the fuctory 211 sucks, freient prepaid, in order to
be entitled to tne credit for Sune. The contrect referred
to is on file in ti.e office of the Bowrd, uni muy be seer
upon recuest.
Plo wGa.2uuTh,

The fine sugrregute to be used kus been contr=cted for
by the Bourd ot ......per ton, f. 0. De. .....-..05. sins,
delivered in csarl<ud lots. ‘re contractor must order «rd
euy for the fine uzerezate as per contr:.ct referred to,
whien is on file in tre office of the feourd and may be seen
upon recvest. -

Note: Hine agsregute sh.ll consist of wushed

Sund or screenings from hard, cleaun, dvrable quurtz,

trup rock or grunite, graded from fine to coarse

with the course particles predonineting end puss

when dry a screen navirs one-fourth inch openings.

It snell be clens und hard, and free from dust, Llosry

vegetable or other Geletcrisvs matter. rot more

than 20. shall ».ss a sieve huvins fifty meshes per

linezl inch, ond not sore then §,- shull puss a

Sieve naving 100 meshes »,er lineul ines. In no

Gase Shsll the fine wesreg.:.te contein frost or

lwans of frozen suterisl.

Conn GG.uG 2k.
ane coarse agsrecate to be used iiss been contr:.ected

for by the Bolrd at jecesseeeee per ton, fe O. Desscecece
Jol
SPLCLFICATiLuS. (Con't.)

slicing, deliverei in curlo:d lots. The Contractor rust

CN

order und pey for the course eesreg_te as per contract
referrei to, wnich jis on file in te office of the Eourd
and cuy be seen uvon request.

wote: Course urrrez.te chill consist of

washed gravel or clean, hurd, durable errsthed
cuurts or trup rock, grededi in size, free

frou avet lou, or veret..ble wetter, ond ¢hull
contuin no soft, flat or elonzited purticles.

fhe size of the course ugsrerzute ghall be eveh

Ss fo pues u one and onewjnhulf inch round opening,
and be retuined on & gerée:n heavirs o:.e-{fourtn
inch openings. moro e@.fe srill] the course

or |loo.os of freuen

by
GC)
7
cr
Cc)

agzezreg.te contin f

material.

~~ yr ot ~~ - ‘ | me ~ —_":.
‘ aa t ‘ —? ry
di = he Lo ob ec a oh A wm ob weeded aot Kae aa

Lutural mixed eztgregute skull not te ured us it cones
from the desocits, but shall be wesirel und screened urd

used in the provorticns svyecified.

yD
fag 3
water shall be clesn, free from oil, acia, alruli

or vegetuble mutter,

TT nn
rol reag
& he A we bs me An wns | nde

Cc
re

Concrete puvenout twenty feet or ...re in widatn srull

5
a

be reinforced with metel febrie. «all reinforee..ent shell
162
SPHCIPIC.TICUS. (Con't.)
be free frcm excessive rust, Scule, paint, or coutinss
of ony charueter which will tend to destroy the bond.
all reinforeenent shall develop en urtimute tensile
streneth of not less then 70,0CO pounds cer squire inch
ani bend 160 degrees srourid one diameter and straichten
without fracture.
yULNT PLlLLix

Joint filler shall consist of preparei felt or siinilizr
matericl of approved quality huving a thickness of one-=
quarter of an inch.

GULiD PROOLOTICN PLATS

soft steel plates for the protection of the edves of
the concrete at transverse joints Shall be two and one-
half inches in depth end tnree-sixteenthns of an incn in
uvereze thickness. The plutes Shell be of such form 2s
to provide for rigid anchorese to txe concrete. Tne
type und method of instellation of joint protection plates
shall be apuroved by a magority of the Board.

Rosas

The forns snall be free from warp of sufficient
streneth to resist cpringins out of shcepe, end skall be
equal in width to the thickness of the puvement ut the
edses. ‘ouden forms shall be of not less thun two inch
stock, and shall be canped witn two inch unsle iron.

The forms shall be well stcked or otnervice held
—— + - a
163
SPLULPICUPIiS. (Con't.)
to tre ectublished line ard gr de, end the never edees
snall conform to the established erude of the rocd,
all morter und airt shall be removed from the forms

thut hive previcusly been used.

—_— wv os ~ - - - .
bw \ ve , ~ (wry sy

vey : 4
ae a ont a em RS aid et te wi at @

Tie conerete p.vement shull be.........feet wide
@®eeoeeseee#4oe828eee%8e2@8@8eee0e0@ 1nenes in deptn at tie eenter 9 Orthe @®ee#s®
eoosceeeeeineres in depth .t the sides. @:e finished surfuce

enall conform to the are of u cirele, es shorn on the pluns

Tote; Crown snall be one oneenuncreith of the
width. Tre thickness of the conerete ut the ejrzes

Soull be not less thon six inches,

aransverse goirts shall be not less ti:un one-cuarter
inch not more then threej-eis’ tne inch in width ard srell

vuvement prependiculer to tre center

t
&
oh

be pl.ce'’ across the

line urd twenty-five feet upurt. ‘nen e evrb is snecified

»

C4

or wnere puver.c.t ubuts a buildiist a jfoint one-quarter
incr wide shall be place’ between it u.a the p.veneit. «ll
joints shall estend throuth the entire thickness of txe
p.venert, urd suasll be perpernciculer to its surface.

Tre conerete ut trensverse joints shall be protected
with soft steel joint protection plates vinicn shall ce

rizidly anchore? to the conerete. Te instellution of tre
 
/b¢

eo ef. OU nn
a

oN
whey a

ft

..

‘
we oe nu 3

*c 2

cll

avin

t:

a ~
—

Sho Won db

se HS ~
ee

-

dé
_
cul

mw
J - .
Ne

all ext

«

rv
"4

44
~—>>

“7
my
*; >

\. ™*

w Ns ol wh a ee 4+ oe ee @

~%

a
ree

~~
i:

oF tuo

e
_
~ = aie

4
a

°
werd ed

~
,

tid !

t
we

V7
v

€

~
.
=e he ee

—_~
aed

oe ke wh ee bd

~
a

4-9

Ce. .e7:

:

t

of Portler

Sack

ae

“all be

a
,

S

Jals

co - €:
ace ow .

PY VL.
Mac

“a7e

ll @ort ir

c
~ ie

cy
nid:

a. a ~~
ve Yey

a] '
Cd

7
‘
ae

GO

‘
J

chill te

BY
an

are in

Ct
ww

ul

J

1-ter

y
.

r all

e

u1t

“a
—

nr”.
“

completely emptied? Before misi
lod
SPLCLiviCuTlois. (Corn't.)
hardened, that is, mixing with udlitionel muterials
or Water, eneall rot be nermittel.
2ne ancineer shell compare the calevlated cnount
of cement require’ cecordirs to tlese snecificeticns ard
plers uttecied hereto with the cnourts uctuslly used in
euch section of concrete between suecessive trunsverse
Joints, xs determired by éctuezl evtint of the nurber of
Sacns of cencent used in euéh secticn. If the asount of

ecenent vsel in ony three cdjucernt sections (between

transverse joints) ig less by two percent, or if the
amount of cement used in any one secticn is less by

five persent, thun the amount hereinbefore required,
tne contractor crrees to remove all suen sections end to

rebuild the eume aeccordins to these syecifiecticis at

rhe raterials scnall be mixed with cufficient weter
to produce a concrete Wwnicn when deposite:i will settle
to «: flattered mess. but Shell rot be so wet us to Garse

a seperation of the mortar from the course orcres te in

handlgne.
PLACiNS CohnegnLon,
‘
Imieiiately prior to plecins the concrete, the sub-
grude snall be brought to en even surfuce. Une surfuce
of the subgrade snall be thoroughly wet wren the concrete

we

is placed, but no conerete Shall be deposited in pools of
/b6

SPL Se LCnDicls. (Con't.)

water on the subgrade.

after mixing, the conerete shall be desosited repidly
in successive butehes upon the subsr-de prenured cs here-
inbefore cpecified. Tne concrete shull be derosited to
the recuirel desth und for the ertire width of the p.ivemert,
in &@ continuous operation, between trunsveree foints with-
out the use cof internediete forms or bulkheads,

In cuse of 2 breuxdown, concrete shull be nixed by

nund to conolete tne ceection or an inter: ediate trumsverse
yoint plecei us nereinbefore specified at the point of

Stopping work. ny conercte in excess of trut needed to
complete ca section at the stopsinge of work shell not he
ucec in the work.

Wi 7AwITA
aioutoodaw

Tie surface of the conerete gnall be strick off by

means of 2 template or strikxebourd which shell be moved
with 2 combined lonzitudinul und crosswise motion. “nen
the strikeboard is within three feet of a trunsverce
joint if shall be lifted to joint and the pavement ctruck
by movineg the strikebozard away fron the joint; uny excess
oonecrete shill be revioved. Coner. te 2dgoininey the metal

protection plutes uf trencverse goints cheli be dense in

5

chur.cter und any holes left by reiovirs uny device vsed
in instsllinz the metuil protection plates shull be ivcea-

iutely filled with grout.
[67

SDAA TON
D 2! be ~ tL

~ s,
+, (Sonu't.)

!- |

after being brovehkt to the est blished vrude with
the teuplete or strickebozard, the concrete shall be finiche
ed from a suitable bridsze, no pirt of which shall cone in
contuct with tne concrete, Tre co:crete shall te finishe2
with &@ wood flost in « manner to thorotsrhly compact it
and produce a surface free from depressions or ineqvulities
of uny khird.

the edges of the pavement shall be roundeu ag shown
of tne cross sectional drawings attacked hereto.

PROTECOILOL.

sxceptiny ss nereinafter specified, the surf uce of
the pavenent shall be sprayed witn water =s soon s the
concrete is sufficiently lLurdened to prevent pittine,
and shall be kept wet until un eurti. coverings is plucec,.
af Soon 2s8 it can be adore Witnovt damaging the concrete,
tre curfuce of the p.uvenent shall be covered with rot
less then two inches or eurtnh or other wutcrial which
will uffordé equally vood protection, vricn cover skall

7

be kent moist for ten duvs ,men aeened necessary or

tf

aivisable by the Onzvineer, freshly 1aid concrete snehl be
orotectec by 2 Canvas coverinzs until the eurth covering
Gin be pl=zced,

Under the most favorable conditic:s for herdenins in

not weather the pevement shull be closed to traffic for

twenty-eight days, und in cool we.ther for an udiitiona
/6 8

SPLULPIO.NDILio. (Con't.)
time, to be determined by the snezineer,.

if ot the time the pavement is luic, or duriveg
the period of curirc, the temperature Curines tre durtive
drops below C desrees Fahrenheit, epri:kli:s ud coYering
of tne pevervent chull be omittec at the direction of the
ui sinecr,

Tre contractor snell erect ond cwintein suiteable
barriers to prcetect the concrete from truffie ula any port
of the pevemert dGuasagec from treffie cr otner cuuces,
occurin prior to its officiel scceptcnce, snall te repeired
or replucead by the Contractor et his exvense, in & Lanier
saticfuctory to the bourd. Before tne pavenert is opened
to traffic the coverings shall be removed sna digsoses of
s directed by tne snsineer.

Conerete gehall rot be mixed or dsyositen wher the
temperature is below freezi:s.

If ut any tice durinz the progress of tie work the

temverature is, or in the osinion of the sreirecr will
within twenty-four hours drop to du derrees Bonrenneit,
the water urd ageres tes shall be heutec, anc preeuutions
¢t.ken to -:roteet the work from freenizxn cor at le wrt ten

Guvs In ro cose shell concrete be G yoritec upon 2

tow + tS) @ _

frozen subgruce.

fter tne pavement is laid, gravel of « quality tut

aad
167

SPUCIPIC..TILUS. (Con't.)

will puss the st: nderd specifieztions of the state }
way Dep rtment, or cruchei stone shoulders must be built
three feet in width on each side thereof, und .n udZtitional
snount of eurth shoulder inuet be built to brics the total
width of the roud from berm to beri; up to ...........-feet,
+S ehown on pleuns, OLesce echoulders nust be built in luyers
not exyceedic? three inches in depth, and ener layer must
be well rolled before the next luyer is plucec.

when conc:letes, the shoulders must be rolles as direct-
et by tre Bourd with »2 roller to be approved by the Eourd;
but cuen rollins will not be permitted until tne concrete
hee thorousrly hurdcnedl; urd in eny event not until —t
leist four veers huve elup. ed after luyiay tre concrete
Ooovosite.

OBsDnveCPi sg Tawi.

fravel ugon the rout, end upon intersecti:s: ro as
ond ulleys, cnull not be inconuveniencec needlesslz; nor
Shall eny voortion of the roudwuy be opened up, nor shell
the sume be wholly obstructed e:cepot us directed by the
sngineers; in wrich esse the Contr:ctor shell cuure pl-ain

41

by Order of tre

4

snd properly worde’ signs, “soud Closeil,
soard of county snoud Comuissioners, “" by dey and lunteris
by night, plainly indicuting the neurest rovte aroura tre
ob: tructed cortion, et the neurest cross roid beyond e.ch

end of such obstructed partion, and vypon intersectin= roads,
SI ATTN mz v4,
SPLOITISOUZIT. TS. (con't, )

wlé dn tne snortest ond

rp

So that travel eun p es sround

~ € wr lw,
Cu Lo it st Vio e

4

I

NAT A:
we . Whoo. wok. ~\S ae. os

I

}-!
V
C

‘

~~ +6
Pri. 544
—_- 8 bet

ne vontr-ctor must provide 2 wutchmun ut each eud

4

of the roud continususly, duy ond nisht, und als

&

EC.

o
IY

oO

lisnts b- nicht, to effectively keep travel off th
pevenent, until relieve” therefrom by the oneinecr in
writihg; and tre furmer must essumne, ord will be held
lisbie for, any end ell duvuge which Muy crise from his
neglect to do so, or from eny o..ission on his p rt.
TisPoC TIGL
Tne work enall et ell tiies ve cubject to iinssection

by the Bocra end its ugents; but sven ins.ection esnoll rot

relieve the Contractor from eny oblic.tion to serrorm

;

cificutiors;

Qt

{
a

4

said work strictly in seccordunce with these §
and tne work not so constructed shull be removed and .:sde
vo7d by the Contruetor whenever so ordered prior to final
seceptunce, without reference to uny previous oversiznt in
insvection.
Dunioge Boll LoL Pa. Ca
all desressions, defects erd inperfectiors in ory
portion of the puvenent, whether due to ublic tr-vel,
ruin, snov,,ice, frost, or other cauces, berore final

Bl be repuired ord

ae
a

seéeptamce of the worx by the Bourd, s

a
» @

made good by the Contructor at his own e

TENGE, -11L renbica
/7/
DO SLSESLTILIS. (Con't.)
wnich muy uccounul..te durinz urd by rezson of the work
nerein provided snall be removed by the Cortructor us
fust as the pavenent is laid, unc the rood left cleun
aod in voodt econcition.

.

ine sncineer will, on or wbcut tre first dey of
exucn Culerder month during the prosress cf the work, i Le
wid déliver to the Sourd en estim te, cho ing os re-rly

es ne Con apsrozriu.te tre came the number of btineul fect
of rosdvuy thut huve been completed; from which estin.ate
the Bourd will compute the umourt dave the Gontrictor on

a pro rota b.sis, ond, after deductine 205 of the whole
amount eu.riea, ond the sum of all previous peyments, vill
drixv its voucher in f:vor of tre Contr cotr for the belunce
of the umount fourid to be aue,

wnen the work is comoheted and ccceated, and fin el
eti...te is made the Bourd will drvw its voucher in 4 -y@e@
nent of the b.ulunce due the Contractor.
DURES, OVP UD, Ags.
Incenuch uc all muterisl iust be orderec by the Contructor,

ond unlouded 2rd handled by him, te will be exjscctec to order
only ¢o much thereof, reszectively us is recquirec for ree

on the work, -nd im such gu.ntities cs cun be conveniently
tuken ¢@.re of by rin. ony denurr.ge or gtorege churecs
eecruins on any materiol ordere: or shipped, und sny addition 1
freioht or svitehin=s churees seeruing by resson o* nis f..ilure

s
he

Co “ive prover Shinsing direeti.rs ug shave required, od
Cuories for ony overclipac.t ride, rust te oscrmed 24
adauseter p- tre My, ay. 4-35 A 7 ee 7.
aes Nott on ) Uliet- 20:.6r ctor: nd waa oo...ra Veye} * . ra t or
rivrt to hold bck .. gum sufficient to eover se until
they sre proverly djusted, “a Gf it ch ll ou, secr to
toe Bovrd ifter 2 recscnwble tile th t the Gentr eter

di tendo to Cisrey.rd, or may be urable or wrlikely to

. . “y - tao on ler . As . Le - ~»_-t -- ae =4 , f sa 47-
errive at 2 cpeévy ud custuert of “uiny or zll of euch

- > - _— . 247 > 3
Clu tie polrd reserves the ricit te vow tiem, uw! 0

a 10

a 4.4, ~as - da son os a a - I
deduet the anoust so p.id from ony cone t fount tre tte

wll propos-le rust be i. Cs sson Torus prepured by

the soura, urd mist sive o11 the infornation exlled for
Or anaierte. by sueh Por:s; una must be on the hu: te of

tre Cortr_etor furnishine oll reteriuls, tools, maueli ery,
peliances und lebsr, e:cent us herein othervise ex»ressly
provides, necessary Tor tic efficient und proper carryirs
on of the work,
-ll proposals rust be ede on the berds of 2 viven
orice per Llive.sl soot, ond murt ctute seporitely, tie orice
of tilins, open ditenizzg, erd ell otecr woek. The Bourd

e:pressly reserves the rient to uecept tne vronosul for z

ev he

thon thet civen in the deseriptioz

iD

gre ter or less distene
of the roud above, bered upon tne sasourt of money uv .ilible

for vse on the rod, probubly cost of insuection, ni otl
BUA yp mpd
abide hd ow wo a as S. Oo Q Tt, }

consiaeratious,

~~ 7 ~ ~ ¢ an ~, ’ x - Q
all proposels smet he secled; addressed to Ja, ora
“1 TI 3 .- NA Sas yp a IDNA
deg 222 PS, vbw tons craorces, "Prosoe.] to brtlé.......
“7 , A 7 + . ~ Lay . e ~=—> ~ ~ . ied s a . - a
eo ec eee cece e OVS ON Gecomplnied by u certified abeck

on cure soivert Gonk, p.yable to vweyrne Coventry, in the
Lun OP ccc rr ec ccc cen cnveccccse vr etOllurs; Which @ 1OC |} of

tne evececetu]l bidcer is to be forfeite*? os licvidaeted

+

Jevauges and pleced to the cretlit of the Vuorne County 20.4
fund i. ease euch bitter shall fuil to erecite 2a cortr ct
to constrvet the pavenent in secordurce with tle epecificctions
.
J

aid Eis proposel, und furnish the bonds herein recvires,

within five duys after presentation of draft of fle.
Provoszls will be received ug to 10 u.ice, Stuidiurd

CLG, OF... eoeeeeee LIle. and not later, and tren prhlicivy

ocened, Tre rictt to sccept uny or regect ull proscssls

is eruoresely recerved,

@

aa or Laie nls Bova D,
aw cOov of the snvinepr's esti: te of the qrintitics

fForaitericl recuired is attecned nrereto,. re grvurtitics

}
civen ure tre resvlt oF Gulevlution, but ure to be con-
sjderec only us apsroxi:.te. Une vontraector is exy ected
to cuti:ty himself as to the ruture, ch..ructer end cuuntity

of the Jaber ond .otericls reqvirea by a.person 1 ec.

inution of the work contemplzited.
/ 714

C1IPIGLTICUS. (Gon't,)

UW
by
tS
.
Fy

tr.ct, ror sublet uny portion of the work embruced in it,

any . . - _ 5 . . ~ of eo Ls .. 2 i euna
nor give un order for the saymert cr eny monevs Gie or fF

VU

beccie Que by virtue cf the contract or of work Cone noter

it, without the consent of the Bourd in writing, peire
first obtuined,.
vO. ww SOAELIDS.
If the Sortr..ctor sh.11 f2il to couelete the work

Va ti:in 5 - ;

+

~

\

mG Contr .ct, « sun sufficiest

aft ;

wp Das fy pee 5 “A 7404 ~- SE DL dryer,
to py for ivepeection urd oti r expenses of the Bourd,
. A -e« ~~ - 7 fe oe . we of .. _ i: ee Lf
nowever, exeeeuins  n ull Firtec: collurs per day Yor e ch

and eveyy day thereafter (Sunduys and legel holidays inelua

Shull be devdieted from the .1s0unut Gue under the ccntr-=ct,

aw

Btipvluted davuges for fuilure to complete the work within

tne time specifies therein; provided, nowever, thet ull

at

py order of tie Boary or

—.

On Whicn work is sus vended

tm

Gay

ev

fo. nucineer shull be deductel from overtime, iy sry ti.cre

“ot 7 7 “A, 7 TAT pTy a.
bedi LL Uae ase dae. do

Wo bills for extras, for labor or muterial furnisne

Snell be considered or alloved tnder uny circunst urces

fter the finel esti: te has been elloved und the pp .veine:¢

Guly wece te’; no’ will any bills for estrus, labor or

(21

m.terial furnisnet, be considered or alloved unless
work or moetericvle furnished ghell hive been urreed vpon

in writins, ¢tutine price indetsil or usgeres te, signed

4
ti
N

,

by a majority of the Bourd a.d tre Bontructor, before sueh

ea)

rN)
ertri work if éone or iuterivlsfurrished; ord upon cou
pletion of such extra Work, the Jlontructsor shell i..elivte-
y ilie with the Board « stutenent or bill of iteme, in
duplicute, showins tre full amount of tie eleain for work or
Muteriauls furnisned under the agree wernt; oftnerwise re shall
be deered to have Waived iis eloin.

—_~ i

ad rt my A COT “ArT
at Wa bd ae Wo

SP sumt de ae WS ae Uh

Tie Sontr=.ctor will be required to exeéevte and furrich,

Conte porurncouvly with the executicn of the contruct, 2 svrety
pond in tre sum of... cccccecccecesee -DOLars, Gonditi ined on

the faithful perfceriiu.nce of tie contract, to indemnity und
Save hurmless the Eourd from cll suits unc ceticns of ary
nace Ceseription broucht cvsainet tren on sesount o
or omission of the Cortrector or hi: usenrts.

ehy @Chunse in the pluns, specificrticrs, azreene: te
or Gusrntitics, whether iwde with or witncut the corsert of
the sivrety company, Shull in
rizht of the Bourd to uke such chunges os it sees Tit
beings expressly rererven.
ontroctor must further agree that co ruch of the
Goney os my be due hin under and by virute of trgoontr .ct
nod work performed thereunder us shell by the Bourd he
deered prudent, may be retained by them w.til oll suits ond
eclaims for davs7ves us aforesaid, chull hve beon settles,

snd satisf-ctory evide.ce to trut effect
ane vontr ¢etor srall also furnish bord in the pen ul
apr ye £ ™ =a ;- as ~2 2. ~.« . | Nw4o
Ely Of eeeeeeveeeeesee o-Oli: S 9 Pi OVIew Tor QT fSeGul ws 1O74E

ard 10744 oF the vorpilei Luvs of 1O97, and a ende nts thercvte.

BS] _ «

ms V4 a “ny4¢ . Poa ay tt yas a , oD ~ ye
ane vontructor muct slso furnish surety Lend in the svn

“~~

OL. cer creer er crc rn vccncncessccvecscvsscccccereveveeelO0lLlurty,

fla

conditioned vpon the nuintenunce ond proper rersir of et

~
-~ +

- eo ~ poe nA A se v~ : ye .* - ‘. 7 ~ .
ro.d Yor w period oF tvo years fron and after the dite cf 3

c*
aa

LM -
ieéetion.

I
+

GO:.

tre Bovwrd of Counts Zoud

o
C4

oaporoved and edopted

Comcissic: ers for the Gove ty of warne. this 1 - of
vVOInni2 Se 1o:.6Le 41. ~a(> VOLT UY Ww rhe lie, --1tDecee oC cfe.. eoeoe
- ie oom aad - eae - ~ ~ wry _- Tot
Bu... wD . _ ‘Aas Poet oe ed Nn ie i om eee 9
aD ~~ \ v7 ‘ Ch -~ 28 me Lae
ad wah ~ @ wie bi tie ds 9 tia tl tae el
~~ Ty 4a -— a: VWWwF7
UY Vesa e baw ed Lk he ee
— ~ ~ me
‘ , . - ro
~~ dee - i e me de Ase. - me @

Jens bLUSton.

In carryi:g on our work fcr the yeur we ruve received
materiel ussistance ard tie hearty co-operatich of the Bord
of supervisors, Board of County .uditors, the $ttite Eaishvsy
Deperticent, Tne Prosecuting attorney, und other County ofricizuis
wick ve gratefully weknowledse,

«@ ulso feel that it is fitting to erorcess ea word of
aporeciution to cur elericul and engineerines stuff und to ovr
worknen fr.m thew.terboy up. Tey hve servel wayne vounty

loyully und enthusiustically and h.ve texen = jus6é vride in
47/7

SPLOISILSDicis. (Con't.)

the results cecured by treir efforts.
w@ have dore aid ore doing everythirns vwiich, in our
gudgment and experience, will give wayne County u well-
bvilt, wellemaintuined syste of hishwars; cll of which

is submitte: for your consideration.
Yours truly,
BQ.20 OP CWLTY nun COTS bolas,
BouwoiD EH. Ells:, Chairmen

J

Som 8 ow AR CTL my
daa De Kr oaG@. ay
 

 

LIST OF PRINTS IN HOLDER.

Map of Wayne County.
2 Culvert drawings and data.
Defects in the concrete pavements.

Traffic Count.
 

 
 

viii