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GAL, INTUAIAL FPURUSC!M, IRL Ncrben fh J re) . ter -', (i en y.e- _@se » ree e wey t Dyn? 4 Spur ere? ne an MOnT SO OAL yi acres | wi. id ra BUTLOR 4T CI PCRER PLALT we’ a @ ~ / Ted.Quest ton Tere ee TAUTT OR fi THESIS t 2 e AL ‘nse : ha 6480: DEECRIPTIC? OF GEiTe. These tests were made at the Fower rlant at the Vichiz agricultural College, Vie firct and t:ird tests were made on the Springfield Horizontel Tubular, Internally Fired 3oller No. 3, manufactured by the Springfield Soller & i'fg. Co., Springfield, Ill, The second test was made on the ‘iorizontal Return Tubular Boiler, manufactured by the Lansing Boiler & “"ngine forks, Lansing, N4eh. The first tro trials were of °4 hours and the third of 6 1/2 hours duration. CBJLCT CFP Gilat. Under the stzted conditions in each case:- To deternine the horse power developed. To find the arount of evaporation per pound of coal. To determine the thermal efficienoy of boilers. To determine the cost of evaporation. PGbUIPR OuT. The apparatés employed in the first and list tests was ao follows:- A testern Tocl Co. steam fare ¥an used for obtainings the steam pressure. A Carpenter 'e tiirottlins calorimeter was used for determining the quality of the steam and wos attached by means of a perforsted nippie to the ste:m main fuet above the boiler. The water was fed intp the boiler by a “enoorthy injectcr, which operated dy eteam direct fra- the boiler. This water wes taen directly from the water mains. Forced dreuvht was employed, Which was produced by an ¢nerican slcwer Co. 110 inch thrce ARRANGEMENT OF APPARATUS IS ATTACHED TO ORSAT GAS APAR~ u " 1 INJECTOR DRAFT GAUGE “a a THERMOMETER -CARPENTER THROTLING CALORIMETER STEAM MAIN BLOWER ood cok = i ROMO Ee eae quarter housed bottom horizontel discharge fan, which is driven direct, connected by a type A.B.C. vertical engine. Tne air is forced through two 9 inch pipes, one entering each side of the furnace. The engine also drives, belt connected, a Cole auto regualting a Jones underfeed stoler, which was used, For taking temperatures, Farhenheit thermometers were used with the exocep- tion of the flue gas where a Centegrade thermometer was used. U tube draught gages were used to obtain the force and flue gas draughts. For the analysis of the flue frases an Orsat gas appar- atus was used. Platform scales were used for weighing both the water and the coal. All the aparatus was carefully tested before starting tests as shown in the figure. The aparatus used in the second test was the same as that used in the first and third with the exception that the furnice was hand fired and no force draught was used. KETHOD. The first test started at 7:00 A.M. on Feb. 23 and lasted until 7:00 A.M. on FPeb. 24, 1907. It was carried on under actual working conditions as nearly as possible. All sommections not in use were disconnected before starting the test. The boiler was fired several hours before starting and the fires were cleaned an hour an hour before starting and stopping the test. The hight of the water in the boiler was marked on the water glass at the be- ginning and kept very near at the same hight during the whole test. The coal was weighed in varialbe quantities as needed every half hour. The water was weighed in a barrel and emptied into a tank, the amount being recorded every fifteen minutes. The scales being ballanced before each weighing. Readings were taken every fifteen minutes of the steam gage, draught gage in blower pipe, draught gage in uptake, also temperatures of feed water, flue frases, boiler room, external air and temperature and pressure in calorineter. The second test started at 7:00 A.M. on Mar. 2nd and lasted until 7:00 A.*. on Har. 3rd 1907. This test was carried on under a load a little above that rated by the builders. The coal was weighed in varicble quantities as required every half hour and deposited on the boiler floor and hand fired as required. The method was the same as in the first case except taat there were no forced draught readings to be taken. The third teat was started at 8:30 A.’'’. on Mar. 16, 1907 and ended at 3:00 P.M. of the same day. The test was identical with the first one only the load was a great deal heavier as the boiler furnished steam to run a 128°% ¥ engine and generator whioh was run with an over load. Small samples of ooal were taken out at each weighing in all the tests, and the amount accumulated re- duced by the method of quartering and crushing as recommended in the A.S.K.E. code, and these resulting samples were tested by the Chemical Department. All these tegts were started and stop; ped by the alternate method. The results of the tests were recorded in accordance with the standard short form advised by the Boiler ' Testineg Committee of the A.S.M.E. 20 FY 4OMoy On MA ae CATE The ae MTL) es SLD ae PEL = x2 el Me hie eee ted ~ rf] 76 VLA fA ig LA oP =| ae 68 . A a k 68 vA Fs 67 Phe ra—a e -4 Ce -6 |67 ho Fon) , 68 Ro] i ee ies i - (he I2 36 : 68 +62 |4 00 ee = SZ ve i ‘ aA fo a | 296 | G0 70 | | 9 F 68 | 25 Le: Oe eae s A an a iy aa 2 aa arte # de at eA 4. vs ys vem 2 a ad a ab in ws Wb SY hata LOG OF READINGS BOILER NOS MAR-/G, 190 7- € m a1 a TEMPERATURES Mere of oa sa On a eG aed ee eee eed Se a eae ae ae Hs es Ie Sa ae Pac nae SS x IRIE toni me OM Molo eel ace eee ea f YE) ‘ae Pome: 92|48]|307 265 te ee le eee: Con YT a ee Ptar re i=") a alt ee ee 9 ee 7 1900 | 92| « |, 58 | 94 | 90 282 277 j0:00| 4321/1525 |65| » | s | 2p | 90) 49] asa| 52 lez7s es 1900 |64/" | gs | F | 92 287 aac} 10:30| 56m@\1900 |95| « | 5 | & | 4] 51 | aeel 62 lazcla55 ele ao a olor: | an ie ee a oe, -r— 4 A= "00 | S15 |f520 oe) Ln eK ek ae ee) ae ee Oa Heed #900 | 90; » 1.6 ae ms Plow) Pa aA Wis §$5/f |/9500 | 68 " | 6S | 54 | 94| 64| 285) 52 |27F ie eX ee ee a7e wes (2:00| 64a £680 | 70| " 1.5 | & 194| Se] 28/| 52/272 rd (S20 |. 60 | ell SG 14s) os kak -Aote, 12'30| 8200 |/6AO G4) " |.65 | 4 95| 57/286 52 }263 eer 1520|75| " |.6 [44 | 98 282 Pr PCy Te ee ee oe Ls Lee re 1520'| 84>) weer |. oF 233 Pa ee ee cra Lae Ee we) BJ *lo 2 oe ce Se, 285 277 PA Ca eo eee eae race 1900| 94! " |6s/ 4 | 95 Pr 278 2:50| 2S/l|1900)} g~a " 6 ce 94| §9|289 62/275 mre rc ne ee Pry) Pa tye ar ee ee oe ec tice Ec Cee LL ees TOTAL, GODS | 456/10 /o18. AVERAGE BAROMETER READING = 29.83" mC ame Ata aol) BOILER NOS MAR.-16, (2O7- 3 TIME | Zof CO) ZofCO\%of O |\%FN | REMARKS |, &30| 997| 857| OF | 816% 97001136 |}52 10 | 6127 0:00} 98. | 9.3 | O | 809 To N= 20 ee ele Ge 2a 12:00|}10.4 |90 | O | 806 | ROTOR Re in eGo © en (0 ay ey oer oF te) 200| 94 |106 | 0 | 800 3:00/11.6 |72 | 0 | 810 BAe ee Beet A i lo Leet 6 = lc aa DATA AND RESULTS OF EVAPORATYYE TEST ARRANGED ACCORDING TO A.S.¥.E. STANDARD SHCRT FOR‘, Kade by Charlton, Koehler, and Taylor on a Springfield boiler, at §:.A.0. to determine the evaporation, cost of evaporation and thermal efficiency, when running above rated horse pover. Water heating surface 1309 sq.ft. ind of fuel Fairmount Slack Kind of furnace Internal Grate surface wwnnenee Superheating surface ee TOTAL QUANTITIES. Date of trial Var.16th 1907 Duration of trial 6 1/2 hours ¥Yeight of ooal as fired 6 ,097# Moisture in coal — 2.05% Total weight of dry coal consumed 5,910.27 Total weight of refuse 1,018# Percent of ash and refuse in dry coal 16.88% fotal weight of water fed to boiler 45,610# Moisture in steam 5% Kater actually evaporated corrected for moisture 45, 5824 Equivalent water evaporated into dry stean from and at £12 degrees 54,544 .6+4 FOURLY QUANTITIFS, Dry coal consumed per hour Water fed per hour Equivalent water evaporated per hour from and at £212 degrees, corrected for quality of steam Equivalent water evaporated per sq. ft. of water heating surface per hour AVERAGE PRESSURES, TEMPERATURES, ETC. Average boiler pressure temperature of feed water * " escaping -as * " fire room . " outside air ° * calorineter force of draught between damper and boiler * * ° at furnace barometer pressure in inches HORSE POTTER. Horse power developed Builders' rated horse power Percent of builders’ rated horse power 909 .£L6# 7,016.94 8,391.5 6.417 85.9: §20 510° 940 74.40 58" 4.11" £9.55" £40.23 150 160.2% BCONOHKIC RESULTS. vater apparently evaporated per yound of coal under actual conditions 7,480) Equivalent water evaporated from and at 212 degrees per pound of coal as fired 8.8314 Equivalent water evaporated from and at 212 derrees per puund of dry coal 9.237% Equivalent water evaporated from and at 212 degrees per pound of combustible | 11.104# EFRICI! Cy. Calorific value of the coal 13,519 38.T.U. Efficency of boiler | (based on coal) 66.0% COST OF EVAPORATION. Cost of coal per ton of 20007 delivered in boiler room £2.60 Cost of coal required for evaporation 1000# of water fron and at 212 decrees — £0 .147 PRINCIPAL DINENTIONS OF BOILERS. SPRINGFIELD BCILER Inside diameter 8° Length between heads | 14'=11 6/8" Number of three inoh tubes 94 Diam. of corrugated flue box inside of corrugation 50* Diam. of corrugated flue box outside of corrugation 68 3/4" Total water heating surface 1,309 aq.ft. Hight of chimney 127° Area of chimney 22.27 sq.ft. RETURN TUBULAR BOILER Inside diameter 6’ Length between heads 17" 10" Number of four inch tubes 74 Length of grate | 6s* Width of grate 6RH Total grate area Total water heating surface 1,500 sq.ft. Hight of chimney 127! Area of chimmey <8.27 sq.ft. CONCLUSION. In the tests on the Springfield boiler the pounds of water evaporated from and at £12 degrees was a little low in the first test but was fairly good in the second as compared with the tests on other boilers of this type. In te8ts on boilers of this kind, fed with the same kind of stoker have given an equivalent evaporation from and at 212 degrees per pound of combustible about 11.5; while the value of our tests werel0.796 and 11.104, making a difference of sbout .504 and .196. | The evaporative results obtained from the Horizontal Return Tubular boiler compare very favorably with the data we have been able to obtain from tests made on other boilers of similar make and the same horse power. It is almost impossible to take into account the grate area when the mechanical stoker is used, as when hand firing is em- Ployed. The stoker working intermittantly deposits the coal in a pile in the center so it is not spread «@venly over the grate surface as when hand firing is employed. Hence it would be a wrong asunption to consider it the same as in the hand fired bofLlers. The flue gas analysis shows about a perfect combustion; thus giving very little smoke. By making a comparisen of the three tests, we find that the Springfield boiler can be crowded or over loaded to better ad- vantage than the Tubular boiler can. They also show that there is very little loss in efficiency when it is working under a very large overpoad ~ee ieee EE EE ERBEBRAEE “se ee my | | fi } ‘ ; avelet , ee ik atts ay 1S tab cet seat it errr re tra a . { h F t ; errand " ; Z ;