A novel approach to designing lattice structures is presented in which lattice members are aligned with the principal stress directions, and the lattice spacing and member sizing are optimized simultaneously to obtain an optimized design. By allowing both the lattice layout and the member sizes to vary during a multi-level design optimization process, this approach allows a greater flexibility in searching the design space and finding potentially higher performing designs than standard topology or triangularization methods. Example applications amply illustrate the capability of this approach to produce high quality designs.
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