EVALUATING THE SUITABILITY OF SALVAGED LUMBER AS FEEDSTOCK IN
CROSS-LAMINATED TIMBER
By
Ahamed Abdul Azeez
A THESIS
Submitted to
Michigan State University
in partial fulfillment of the requirements
for the degree of
Construction Management – Master of Science
2022
ABSTRACT
EVALUATING THE SUITABILITY OF SALVAGED LUMBER AS FEEDSTOCK IN
CROSS-LAMINATED TIMBER
By
Ahamed Abdul Azeez
Structural abandonment has been a growing concern in the United States for the past few decades.
Conventional demolition procedures exercised to eliminate the abandoned structures result in
wood waste that are not feasible for reuse. On the other hand, the demand for lumber has been
steadily increasing. This research focuses on promoting deconstruction, obtaining the salvaged
lumber from deconstructed abandoned buildings, and evaluating the possibility of reusing it to
make way for a secondary means of lumber production.
The study evaluates the engineering properties of salvaged lumber. Furthermore, the salvaged
lumber is partially used to manufacture Cross Laminated Timber (CLT) per the current standards
and its properties are compared against the properties of CLT panels exclusively made of freshly
sawn lumber. By developing variables for the study, the various factors affecting the properties
are analyzed. The researcher believes that the intended results would inaugurate the consideration
of salvaged wood usage in wood products that serve as construction material.
Copyright by
AHAMED ABDUL AZEEZ
2022
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
First and foremost, praises and thanks to Almighty God for providing me the strength, ability,
knowledge, and blessings to complete the research successfully.
I would like to express my deepest gratitude to Dr. George Berghorn for offering me this
opportunity, being my mentor and guiding me throughout the project. He was a massive support
not only in fulfilling this research but also sharing his wisdom and knowledge in Construction
Management during the course of my master’s study at Michigan State University.
Secondly, I would like to thank the Michigan Department of Environment, Great Lakes, and
Energy (EGLE) for their financial assistance to make this research possible. In addition, I would
like to thank the committee members, Dr. Matt Syal and Dr. Mojgan Nejad, for providing valuable
insights and guidance that helped in achieving the goals of this research.
Special thanks to Chad Papa for assisting me in operating the lab equipment. I thank my fellow
research mate and friend Amar Mali for accompanying me in the countless long days at the lab
and sharing the physical work involved in this experiment.
I would like to express my sincere thanks to the professors at the School of Planning, Design and
Construction (SPDC) – Dr. Mohamed El-Gafy, Professor Tim Mrozowski, Dr. Sinem Mollaoglu
and Dr. Dong Zhao for their unwavering support and imparting their inestimable knowledge in
helping me achieve the requirements of my master’s degree.
My appreciation also goes to my friends Mrudul, Nishchhal, Thanish, Saloni and Vishal for their
tremendous support and encouragement. They have been my family in the US, and I will cherish
the 2 years spent with them in the beautiful town of East Lansing.
iv
Last but not least, I would like to thank my family. I am forever grateful to my parents, Abdul
Azeez and Aseena, for always being there for me and constantly supporting me achieve my
dreams. I would like to thank my sister, Sarah, who is always there to encourage me. I would also
like to take this opportunity to thank my late grandfather Syed Kader Mohamed for always
believing in me. I hope I made you proud.
Finally, I would like to thank all the people who I have not mentioned. My sincere gratitude for
having a positive impact at various stages of my life that shaped me into the person I am today.
Go Green!
v
TABLE OF CONTENTS
LIST OF TABLES ....................................................................................................................... viii
LIST OF FIGURES ....................................................................................................................... ix
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................1
1.1 OVERVIEW ..................................................................................................................1
1.2 MASS TIMBER CONSTRUCTION.............................................................................2
1.3 DOMICOLOGY AND STRUCTURAL ABANDONMENT .......................................5
1.4 CROSS-LAMINATED TIMBER (CLT) ......................................................................8
1.5 CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT PERSPECTIVE ..............................................11
1.5.1 COMMON APPLICATIONS ..................................................................11
1.5.2 COST AND TIME EFFECTIVE .............................................................11
1.5.3 SAFETY ...................................................................................................12
1.6 NEED STATEMENT AND RESEARCH QUESTION..............................................12
1.7 RESEARCH GOAL AND OBJECTIVES ..................................................................14
1.8 SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS.....................................................................................17
1.9 RESEARCH OUTCOMES AND FUTURE SCOPE ..................................................18
CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW .......................................................................................19
2.1 OVERVIEW ................................................................................................................19
2.2 HISTORY OF LUMBER CONSUMPTION FOR CONSTRUCTION IN THE
UNITED STATES .......................................................................................................20
2.3 C&D WOOD WASTE AND RECOVERY ................................................................24
2.4 CURRENT CLT GRADING STANDARDS ..............................................................25
2.5 PREVIOUS RESEARCH ON PROPERTIES OF SALVAGED WOOD ...................29
CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY .................................................................................................31
3.1 INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................31
3.2 CHARACTERIZATION OF SALVAGED LUMBER ...............................................31
3.2.1 MACHINE GRADING ............................................................................32
3.2.2 ANALYSIS OF PROPERTIES................................................................34
3.2.2.1 MOE vs MOR RELATIONSHIP .........................................34
3.2.2.2 CORRELATING VISUAL DEFECTS AND
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES ...........................................35
3.3 PERFORMACE OF CLT PANELS ............................................................................35
3.3.1 MANUFACTURING STANDARDS AND PROCESS ..........................35
3.3.1.1 LAMINATIONS ...................................................................36
3.3.1.2 ADHESIVES ........................................................................37
3.3.1.3 PANEL DIMENSIONS AND DIMENSIONAL
TOLERANCES.....................................................................37
3.3.1.4 CLT MANUFACTURING PROCESS.................................38
3.3.2 MECHANICAL TESTING OF CLT PANELS .......................................40
vi
3.3.3 COMPARISON GROUPS .......................................................................40
CHAPTER 4: RESULTS ...............................................................................................................42
4.1 VISUAL INSPECTION...............................................................................................42
4.2 METRIGUARD DATA ...............................................................................................43
4.3 INSTRON DATA OF RAW SALVAGED LUMBER ...............................................44
4.4 COMPARISON AGAINST STANDARDS ................................................................46
4.5 CLT PANELS INSTRON TEST DATA .....................................................................46
CHAPTER 5: SUMMARY............................................................................................................53
5.1 OVERVIEW ................................................................................................................53
5.2 FUTURE RESEARCH ................................................................................................55
5.3 CONCLUSION ............................................................................................................56
APPENDICES ...............................................................................................................................58
APPENDIX A: METRIGUARD DATA .....................................................................59
APPENDIX B: INSTRON DATA.............................................................................146
REFERENCES ............................................................................................................................149
vii
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1.1: Other Vacant Data ..........................................................................................................7
Table 2.1: Wood Waste Generated ................................................................................................24
Table 2.2: Required Characteristic Strengths and Moduli of Elasticity for ANSI/APA PRG 320
Laminations....................................................................................................................................28
Table 2.3: The Allowable Design Capacities for CLT ..................................................................28
Table 4.1: Visual Inspection Data ..................................................................................................42
Table 4.2: Visually Inspected Material Data .................................................................................43
Table 4.3: Salvaged Lumber in Major (2 Virgin Layers) ..............................................................48
Table 4.4: Salvaged Lumber in Minor Axis (3 Virgin Layers) .....................................................49
Table 4.5: Control Samples (All Virgin Layers) ...........................................................................50
Table 4.6: Descriptive Statistics ....................................................................................................51
Table 4.7: One-Way ANOVA Results...........................................................................................51
Table 4.8: Post-Hoc (Tukey HSD) Test Results ............................................................................52
Table A.1: Metriguard Readings....................................................................................................59
Table A.2: Instron Readings ........................................................................................................146
viii
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1.1: WoodWorks Mass Timber Projects Map ......................................................................4
Figure 1.2: US Census Abandoned Houses Data.............................................................................6
Figure 1.3: CLT Structure ................................................................................................................9
Figure 1.4: CLT Manufacturing Process .......................................................................................10
Figure 1.5: Flowchart of Research Objectives and Steps ..............................................................16
Figure 2.1: Literature Review Outline ...........................................................................................19
Figure 2.2: Lumber Prices..............................................................................................................22
Figure 2.3: Trends in Mass Timber Projects ..................................................................................23
Figure 3.1: Coding System ............................................................................................................33
Figure 3.2: CLT Lay-ups ...............................................................................................................41
Figure 4.1: Metriguard MOE Histogram .......................................................................................44
Figure 4.2: Instron MOE vs MOR .................................................................................................45
ix
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
1.1 OVERVIEW
Like all other existing matter in the universe, wood has a certain life span. Researchers have tried
to prove that lumber has a greater lifecycle than it is assumed to possess. The use of structural
lumber, especially in residential and industrial construction, has always been high in Northern
America. There has been a steady increase in the number of abandoned residential buildings in the
US. As the construction industry is moving towards sustainability, the need for reusing or recycling
lumber is an increasing concern among researchers. Over the years, the US government has spent
millions in demolition of these unoccupied houses. Salvaged lumber obtained after demolition are
not being reused but are either dumped in landfills or destroyed by incineration. The main reason
for hesitance in reusing salvaged lumber is that the current lumber grading standards do not
approve the usage of salvaged lumber for new construction.
There is an abundance of salvageable lumber which has high potential in various industrial-scale
uses. One of such rapidly growing industries include mass timber construction. The aim of this
research is to test the properties of lumber extracted from abandoned buildings, use them as
feedstock for a category of mass timber called Cross Laminated Timber (CLT) and demonstrate
the applicability of salvaged lumber usage by analyzing the results. This chapter explores the
current trends of mass timber construction, discusses the pathbreaking concept of domicology,
emphasizes the need to supplant demolition with deconstruction, takes a broader look into CLT
and establishes the need and objectives of this research.
1
1.2 MASS TIMBER CONSTRUCTION
Mass timber is a product made of engineered wood components that are laminated and compressed
to form wooden panels. Mass timber construction is a method where these wooden panels are used
as the structural frame for buildings (Jones 2017). While relatively new, the concept of mass timber
is no longer unfamiliar in the US. There are approximately 784 projects in the design or
construction stage across the 50 states as of January 2020 (Woodworks 2020).
One of the most used mass timber products is Cross Laminated Timber (CLT). In 2015, it was
included in the International Building Code (IBC), which most of the jurisdictions in the US adopt
as their base standard (Roberts 2020). This change in the building code allowed the use of CLT in
floors, roofs, partition walls and exterior walls. It also required structural timber such as CLTs to
meet the ANSI/APA PRG 320 standards for structural performance (Wikipedia 2021). The
allowance of constructing tall timber structures that go up to 13 stories has been agreed upon and
will be formally executed by the new IBC code in the year 2021 (Woodworks 2020). The states in
the Pacific Northwest have welcomed this concept and are enthusiastically adopting mass timber
at a much faster rate. Oregon and Washington are the two states among those who have already
accepted the IBC changes back in 2018.
Although most of the CLTs are imported from Canada and Europe, the United States has several
manufacturers (ArchPaper 2019), including:
• SmartLam, Montana
• Freres Lumber Co., Oregon
2
• DR Johnson, Oregon
• International Beams, Alabama
• Bensonwood, New Hampshire
• LignaTerra Maine, Maine
• Texas CLT LLC, Arkansas
• Katerra, Washington
The market demand for the amount of lumber required to manufacture mass timber was forecasted
by The BECK Group in 2018 (BECK Group 2018). According to the forecast, it was estimated
that in order to produce one cubic foot of CLT, approximately 21.4 nominal board feet of lumber
will be needed. In 2013, FP Innovations, a Canadian research and development organization,
estimated that mass timber CLT construction would occupy 5% to 15% of the existing construction
markets, with demand of lumber equivalent to approximately 180 million cubic feet (BECK Group
2018).
In 2016, Forterra, Heartland LLC, Washington State University, and University of Washington
collaboratively estimated a demand of 1.2 billion cubic feet of CLT in 2020 across the Pacific
Northwestern states alone. More specifically, Washington, Idaho, Oregon and Montana (BECK
Group 2020).
Organizations such as WoodWorks and ThinkWood promote the use of mass timber in
construction. They have been assisting architects, engineers, and builders interested in mass timber
3
construction. WoodWorks also provides a map on the existing mass timber projects across the
United States and provides live reports on the number of total projects as shown in Figure 1.1.
Figure 1.1: WoodWorks Mass Timber Projects Map (Source: woodworks.org)
In North America, the mass timber products industry is a new and emerging sector in the
construction industry. It has gained popularity in recent years in the United States due to the
following benefits:
• Cost and time savings: Due to the easier installation techniques when compared to the
traditional concrete and steel structures, it saves a lot of time and also time-variable
4
overhead costs. Additionally, transportation and labor costs are much lesser (BECK Group
2018).
• Fire safety: Mass timber products withstand a lot of heat for a long time due to the charring
effect (Roberts 2020)
• Sustainability: Due to the low carbon footprint, renewability and high thermal efficiency,
mass timber is a very sustainable solution in the construction market (BECK Group 2018).\
Although mass timber construction is a sustainable alternative when compared to steel and
concrete construction (Roberts 2020), using reclaimed lumber as feedstock would add an
additional dimension of sustainability. In the next section, the concept of Domicology is explained
and, we shall see more about how reusing salvaged lumber from deconstructed abandoned
buildings can contribute to eliminate blight and extend the lifecycle of timber by encouraging its
use in producing CLTs.
1.3 DOMICOLOGY AND STRUCTURAL ABANDONMENT
Domicology is described as the study of the life cycle of the built environment (Berghorn et. al
2019, LaMore 2021). It is a new word coined by researchers from Michigan State University
namely, Dr. Rex LaMore, Dr. George Berghorn and Dr. M.G. Matt Syal.
The concept of Domicology is to create a built environment where the structures are planned,
designed, constructed and when abandoned, they are deconstructed or reused. In other words, the
idea of demolition of abandoned buildings should be replaced with deconstruction so that the
5
components can be recycled and reused. The theory placed here is that every structure has its life
cycle and by deconstructing abandoned structures, the life cycle of its components can be extended
and pushed into a continuous loop of reuse until it has truly exhausted its usage value. The focus
of domicology is of two parts (1) to recycle the components of the existing abandoned buildings
and (2) to design buildings in future that can be easily deconstructed to facilitate recycling of its
components. Currently, more emphasis is being given to the former to fight the rapidly increasing
blighted neighborhoods in the US, more specifically the Detroit region. One of the main reasons
for such widespread abandonment of buildings was the Great Recession during the late 2000s.
Structural abandonment has several negative effects on the society and the economy. The property
value of surroundings neighborhoods decreases and, rates of unemployment and crime rise
(LaMore 2015). Since 2014, Michigan has been funded by the Federal government to eliminate
blight by various demolition programs. In 2019, $250 million was awarded to eliminate residential
blight (Parker 2019).
Figure 1.2: US Census Abandoned Houses Data
6
According to US Census Bureau’s 5-year estimate data, it can be observed that there has been a
steady increase in the number of abandoned houses in the US. There are approximately 227,000
abandoned buildings in Michigan which are identified as ‘other vacant’.
MICHIGAN
Estimate Margin of Error
Total: 671,430 ±8,535
For rent 62,902 ±2,230
Rented, not occupied 15,809 ±1,059
For sale only 46,792 ±2,036
Sold, not occupied 26,461 ±1,200
For seasonal, recreational, or occasional
use 290,711 ±2,795
For migrant workers 1,977 ±222
Other vacant 226,778 ±3,956
Table 1.1: Other Vacant Data (Source: census.gov)
The objectives of the researchers associated with Domicology are to (1) identify the abandoned
structures that have a life cycle; (2) analyze the built environment’s life cycle to plan, design,
construct and deconstruct the structures and thereby maximize reuse; (3) discover the challenges
faced by a structure during the course of its life cycle and therefore find ways to eliminate the
negative impacts of its abandonment; and (4) create increased job opportunities for local people
affected by structural abandonments (Berghorn 2019).
This paper will be partly responsible for achieving the first two objectives. Samples of salvaged
lumber were obtained from one of the 227,000 abandoned structures in Michigan to analyze their
suitability for reuse. The goal of this research is to manufacture CLT panels using reclaimed
lumber acquired from deconstruction of such abandoned buildings. As we have understood the
7
benefits of mass timber products in general, the next section, specifically, will thoroughly outline
the advantages of CLTs.
1.4 CROSS-LAMINATED TIMBER (CLT)
Cross laminated Timber (CLT) is a new type of building system that uses wooden panels consisting
of several layers of lumber boards stacked and glued orthogonally, with each layer arranged at 90
degrees to its adjacent layers. Originally from Europe, this relatively new subset of mass timber
construction has been gaining popularity in Northern America in the recent few years. CLTs are
used as substitutes of concrete and steel construction due to the easier construction procedure and
is a more sustainable structure. The researchers associated with Domicology encourage the mass
timber construction methods using material such as CLTs. Researchers are also working on
designing CLT structures in a way they can be effectively deconstructed thereby rendering most
of its components for reuse. CLT has a better performance against fire and natural disasters such
as earthquake.
A typical CLT panel’s cross-section has at least three layers of lumber boards placed crosswise in
an alternating orthogonal orientation.
8
Figure 1.3: CLT Structure (Source: CLT Handbook)
CLT structures are usually assembled on site and the panels are connected using various means
such as bolts, self-tapping screws, ringed shank nails etc. The panels are generally prefabricated,
transported, and stored on site.
The process of manufacturing CLTs include the following steps: (1) Selection of primary lumber
(2) Lumber grouping (3) Planing (4) Cutting lumber layers to length (5) Application of adhesives
(6) CLT panel lay-up (7) Assembly pressing (8) Quality control, machining and cutting (9) Product
marking and packaging.
9
Figure 1.4: CLT Manufacturing Process (Source: CLT Handbook)
10
In 2011 APA- The Engineered Wood Association of United States and FP Innovations of Canada
came together to create a standard for CLT products in North America called ANSI/APA PRG-
320- 2011 Standard for Performance-Rated Cross-Laminated Timber. Nail laminated CLT and
other type of CLTs without face bonds are not included in ANSI/APA PRG 320 standard.
Since the publication of the CLT standard ANSI/APA PRG 320, the commercialization of CLT
products have been taking place rapidly and a continuous standard improvement is expected in the
coming years (CLT Handbook 2013).
1.5 CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT PERSPECTIVE
1.5.1 COMMON APPLICATIONS
CLT is generally used as structural components in buildings such as floors, walls, and roofing.
Some of the projects use CLT for all the structural framing above the foundation which include
floors, roofs, and walls whereas some buildings only have specific components of CLT such as
floor decking (Breneman 2016). Due to the high compressive force resistant properties of CLT
panels, they are used as long-span diaphragms as well (Think Wood 2021).
1.5.2 COST AND TIME EFFECTIVE
The beams, columns, and panels typically weigh 1/4th or 1/5th the weight of steel and concrete
materials (CD Smith 2021). This results in lesser foundation costs. Since it requires a relatively
11
smaller crew for installation, it reduces the installation cost by up to 50 percent. This means that
CLT construction has an earlier project completion date (Spickler 2014). Prefabricated panels
require a crew of only 5-6 to install more than 8000 square feet per day (Bratton 2017).
1.5.3 SAFETY
Since prefabricated panels only require power tools such as pneumatic drills, the job site safety
also increases significantly (Bratton 2017). CLT panels produced by North American
manufacturers meet ASTM E119 standards which has a two-hour fire resistance rating. It also
demonstrates superior earthquake resistance due to the lighter weight when compared to concrete
and steel structures (The Hartford Staff 2021).
1.6 NEED STATEMENT AND RESEARCH QUESTION
Nearly 3 trillion board feet of lumber has been used in construction since the turn of the twentieth
century (Chini 2001). The lumber obtained from the structures that reach the end of their service
lives become disused due to the traditional demolition practices (Chini 2001). Structural
abandonment has been an increasing concern in the United States. The US government is focused
on blight removal by funding millions in demolition projects. Over 50 million tonnes of wood
waste are generated as construction and demolition (C&D) waste every year (EPA 2018). The
C&D waste are dumped in landfills and wood in this waste constitutes approximately 14.5 million
tons, which is more than the annual timber harvest from national forests (Madhani 2018).
Deconstruction is a more sustainable option when compared to demolition. This practice promotes
12
use of the constituent wood material by extending its lifecycle when the structure itself has reached
the end of its service life (Arya 2017). The lumber obtained from such abandoned structures
remains one of the largest untapped sources in the United States. The researchers at Michigan State
University are focused on promoting deconstruction of such blighted structures in order to salvage
wood for reuse. This research aims to reuse salvaged lumber in the production of CLT.
One of the major drawbacks preventing salvaged lumber reuse in construction is the existing
grading rules. The APA Engineered Wood Products developed grading rules for performance rated
CLT called the ANSI/APA PRG 320-2018, which consists of seven CLT manufacturing grades.
These grades can be used only to grade freshly sawn lumber and do not address the use of salvaged
lumber (Falk 2002). Since this grading criteria is developed for virgin lumber, there is no guide
for evaluating damage, nail holes and, splits or checks such as those present in salvaged lumber.
The grade stamps on freshly sawn lumber allow them to be salable. Although current grading
criteria can be used to grade salvaged lumber, the standards or the grading rules do not account for
salvaged lumber (Falk 2002). Thus, there is a need for a new grading system that quantifies the
damage in salvaged lumber created during construction and deconstruction. The revised grading
rules should establish new grading stamps for salvaged lumber that allows them to be salable (Falk
2002). This would expand the market for reuse and thus significantly increase the economic value
of salvaged material. This paper focuses on testing the properties of salvaged lumber, manufacture
CLT panels using a proportion of these salvaged lumber and evaluate their performance by
comparing the results against CLTs made solely using freshly sawn lumber. By analyzing the
effects of damage, knots, and nail holes on the properties of the material, this research also aids in
13
understanding how they can affect or not affect the grade. Thus, assessing the viability of having
salvaged wood as a reliable construction material as the new norm.
1.7 RESEARCH GOAL AND OBJECTIVES
As mentioned earlier, this research aims to evaluate the potential of salvaged lumber in industrial-
scale uses. More specifically, it focuses on extending the wood’s life span by exploring the option
of using it in the burgeoning mass timber products industry. The objectives of this paper and the
tasks to achieve the goals are as follows:
Objective 1: Characterize the physical and mechanical properties of salvaged lumber from
archetypical abandoned buildings in Michigan
• Step 1: Perform a literature review to be aware of the context of this research based on
previous relevant work. This helps in visualization of the structure of the research by
analyzing limitations and outcomes of previous research work
• Step 2: Develop characteristics of interest as variables for the study based on the literature
review and the availability of samples. In this case, the variables of study are the factors
that influence or affect the properties of the salvaged lumber and the manufactured CLT
panels
• Step 3: Collect lumber samples from the site and transport to the lab for testing
14
• Step 4: Classify the samples based on the developed variables using a coding system to
help identify the samples based on the classification. In other words, it aids in tracking the
properties of the individual lumber pieces when analyzing the properties of the final
product i.e., the CLT panels
• Step 5: Evaluate physical and mechanical properties of the samples, to include specific
gravity, modulus of rupture (MOR) and modulus of elasticity (MOE) of the salvaged
lumber
Objective 2: Manufacture CLT panels using the salvaged lumber and test their properties
• Step 6: Develop comparison groups considering the variables of interest to manufacture
CLT panels as a combination of these factors namely, properties of the salvaged lumber
and position of the salvaged lumber in the layup
• Step 7: Manufacture CLT panels as a combination of the salvaged lumber and virgin
lumber in accordance with the ANSI/APA PRG 320-2018 standards. Manufacture another
batch of CLT panels solely using freshly sawn lumber
• Step 8: Subject the manufactured panels to 3-point bending tests to record its MOE and
MOR values
15
Objective 3: Demonstrate the applicability of using salvaged lumber in CLTs by statistically
analyzing the results of the comparison groups
• Step 9: Compare the performance of the CLT panels that comprises of salvaged lumber
against the CLT panels that are exclusively made of virgin lumber
• Step 10: Analyze the results and evaluate the effect of the variables on the properties of the
CLT panels.
STEPS
Objective 1:
Characterize the
physical and
mechanical properties
1. Literature review of salvaged lumber
obtained from the
abandoned building
2. Determining variables
3. Sample collection
4. Sample classification
Objective 2:
5. Testing salvaged lumber Manufacture CLT
panels using the
salvaged lumber and
6. Development of comparison groups
test their properties
7. Manufacture of CLT panels
8. Testing CLT panels
Objective 3:
9. Comparison of test results Demonstrate the
applicability of using
salvaged lumber in
10. Data Analysis CLTs by statistically
analyzing the results of
the comparison groups
Figure 1.5: Flowchart of Research Objectives and Steps
16
1.8 SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS
The sample size for this research was determined based on the availability of deconstruction
projects with collected salvaged lumber in Michigan. The samples were obtained from a single
abandoned house in Bay City, Michigan which was approximately 60 years old. The majority of
the samples were of Southern Yellow Pine species. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the
availability of projects was restricted, and the transportation of samples from the site to the lab
were delayed. The research laboratory was also shut down for five months as a precaution for the
spread of the novel coronavirus. 68 samples of 2 x 12 dimensions and approximately 15 feet in
length were tested on the Metriguard 340-E. Following are the drawbacks of using the Metriguard
instrument:
• The setup consisted of two tripods where the samples were placed flatwise. One of the
tripods consisted of a load-cell and the other had a knife-edge. The knife-edge could not
handle the large wooden members, and this caused bending of the knife-edge. The samples
were placed with caution to avoid any damage to the instrument.
• The setup also required connecting the load-cell to the user interface using a wire. Any
change in the tightness of the connection would affect the accuracy of the data. Care was
taken during calibration of the load-cell to prevent inaccuracy
• The minimum length requirement for sample of 2-inch thickness was 69 inches. Thus, the
smaller samples could not be tested for MOE using the Metriguard
17
Due to limited sample size and to maintain accuracy of the data, the 68 samples were cut into 6
parts each and were then tested both on the Metriguard and the Instron 4206. The year of
production of the lumber samples could not be determined since there were no records of the mill
that manufactured the members. The scope of this research is limited only to the use of salvaged
lumber in the production of CLTs.
1.9 RESEARCH OUTCOMES AND FUTURE SCOPE
The primary aim of this research is to compare the performance of CLT panels manufactured using
a proportion salvaged lumber against that of the panels produced solely using virgin lumber. Over
the years, researchers have promoted the idea of developing an amended grading standard that
incorporates the evaluation of salvaged lumber. The data from this research could be used to
develop such a grading standard. The samples are mostly of Southern Yellow Pine species. Future
researchers can compare this data with similar research conducted using other hardwood or
softwood species.
18
CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 OVERVIEW
This chapter provides a synopsis of the relevant literature that has been studied for the purpose of
this research. The aim of this review is to develop a greater understanding of the context of this
research and to be equipped with the fundamental knowledge of the area of interest. It is divided
into four parts and explores the topics of (1) trends in lumber consumption for construction in the
United States, (2) construction wood waste recovery, (3) existing CLT grading standards and, (4)
previous research conducted on properties of salvaged lumber. The following diagram illustrates
the outline of this chapter.
Literature Review
History of Lumber Construction and
Current CLT Previous Research
Consumption for Demolition (C&D)
Grading on Properties of
Construction in the Wood Waste and
Standards Salvaged Wood
United States Recovery
Figure 2.1: Literature Review Outline
19
The first section provides the background about lumber consumption over the years in the United
States. It describes the state of lumber demand and price trends followed by the Great Recession
and the COVID-19 pandemic. By analyzing the same, it establishes the foundation for a need to
find an alternative source of lumber that is environment friendly. The second section emphasizes
on the amount of wood waste being generated due to demolition. It provides a base for considering
deconstruction as time and cost-efficient way of reusing wood waste. Moreover, it glances into the
huge potential of the mass timber market in the United States. The third section equips us with the
understanding of the existing CLT grading criteria for freshly sawn lumber as feedstock. The final
section furnishes information of previous research work on the mechanical and physical properties
of lumber salvaged from old structures. It anatomizes the various factors that affect these properties
and thus serves as a cornerstone for the methodology of this research.
2.2 HISTORY OF LUMBER CONSUMPTION FOR CONSTRUCTION IN THE UNITED
STATES
Construction has the largest market for lumber consumption in the United States. McKeever and
Howard (2011) published a report which mentions that in 2009, around 60% of the solid wood
timber products were consumed for construction and remodeling of housing units, commercial
buildings and other non-residential buildings. This report also states that about 7,026 billion bf of
lumber was used in new residential construction of which an average single-family house required
approximately 13,600 bf of lumber.
20
When it comes to lumber species, it can be sorted into two main categories namely, hardwood and
softwood. Softwood species constituted 83% of lumber consumption (McKeever and Howard
2011). The majority of the hardwood consumption in the United States until the early 1980s
belonged to the furniture market (Luppold and Bumgardner 2008). The increasing dominance of
imported furniture from the late 1980s caused the decline of hardwood lumber consumption in the
furniture production (Buehlmann et al 2017). Since then, almost twice the amount of hardwood
lumber was then used for residential construction (Luppold and Bumgardner 2008). Lumber prices
reached its peak in 2004 followed by an economic recession in the late 2000s that led to the decline
in hardwood lumber demand and consequentially resulting in a steady decline in prices (Luppold
et al 2014). However, there was a significant increase in the export of hardwood lumber from the
US. Buehlmann et al (2017) proclaims that the construction of multi-family homes rose post-
recession due to the lower value when compared to single-family homes.
Wood products usage has also been significantly high in the non-residential market. Adair et al’s
(2011) studies showed that about more than a quarter of the non-residential buildings used wood
products, mainly softwood, as the fundamental structural material. In 2011, even after the
economic recession, it was calculated that about 3.8 bf of lumber was used in the construction of
non-residential buildings of which a significant portion belonged to low-rise buildings (Adair et al
2011).
In a report published by Alderman (2020), it is stated that new house construction increased by 4.2
percent from the year 2019 to 2020. More specifically, single-family house units increased by 1.4
percent. The market share for softwood in housing construction had increased by 11.5 percent in
21
the last decade, whereas hardwood lumber production had fallen from 2018 to 2020 (Alderman
2020). According to this report, there had been a steady increase in lumber prices since the
beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. In the year 2020, softwood framing lumber prices
increased by an astonishing 172 percent in 5 months period (Alderman 2020). As a result of
increasing lumber prices, building a new home proved to be more expensive. Although the demand
for softwood lumber was high throughout the year due to the boom in housing market, sawmills
anticipated a slump in demand and had decreased their second quarter production (Alderman
2020). This decision to curtail production was due to the decline in housing starts in the year 2019.
Furthermore, social distancing rules exacerbated the low supply situation since the mills had to
limit working shifts (Olick 2021). During the March of 2021, lumber prices increased by 300
percent since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic (NAHB 2021).
Figure 2.2: Lumber Prices (Source: NAHB, 2021)
22
In recent years, there has been innovation in wood products such as the concept of Cross Laminated
Timber (CLT). Although CLT is predominantly manufactured using softwood lumber, hardwoods
can also be used to make these panels (Crespell and Gagnon 2010). The North American Mass
Timber (2020) report predicts that the amount of mass timber projects will double every two years.
It also states that nearly 13 billion board feet of lumber would be required for such projects by the
year 2034. This report projected that the manufacturers need to increase their rate of production
by nearly 40 times the current rate in order to meet the demand of timber panels. The streaming of
salvaged lumber into the market would alleviate the pressure placed of lumber manufacturers and
would in turn serve as a sustainable option.
Figure 2.3: Trends in Mass Timber Projects (Source: The Mass Timber Report 2020)
23
2.3 C&D WOOD WASTE AND RECOVERY
Although construction and demolition are two different activities, Construction and Demolition
(C&D) waste is treated as a single source since both are deposited in landfills (Falk and McKeever
2004). The waste produced during construction, remodeling and repair of structures is known as
construction waste (Falk and McKeever 2012). Whereas the waste generated as a result of
demolishing structures or buildings forms the demolition waste. The primary focus of this research
is on the latter and more specifically on wood waste. Wood accounts for 33 percent of the C&D
waste (Diyamandoglu and Fortuna, L. M. 2015). According to an article by Falk and McKeever
(2012), about 36.4 million tons of wood waste was generated in 2010. The article also mentioned
that over 80 percent of them constituted demolition waste. The wood from demolition waste is
difficult to recover since the debris is usually contaminated during the process and almost all of
them are rejected. According to a few case studies in 1990, as mentioned by Falk and McKeever
(2004), the recovery rate for demolition waste wood is about 30 percent which was calculated to
be 10.6 million metric tons in 2002.
Table 2.1: Wood Waste Generated (Source: Bratkovich, 2009)
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It can be understood that a large chunk of wood waste is discarded due to contamination and the
recovered wood can be used in value-added products only if they form a clean feedstock.
Deconstruction is the alternative method to avoid such low recovery rates. Deconstruction is a
procedure in which the structures are disassembled. This method promotes wood reuse since the
salvaged material’s properties are preserved. Lumber extracted from deconstruction are usually of
old-growth harvest which are of higher structural properties than modern day lumber (Falk and
McKeever 2004). Recycling lumber obtained from C&D waste has gained attention in the United
States due to the great environmental and economic impacts (Peng et al. 1997). Reusing is a more
energy efficient strategy when compared to recycling. The material that is recycled consumes more
energy to be processed than it takes to manufacture virgin material. Deconstruction reduces the
Green House Gas (GHG) emissions due to the avoidance energy consumed for transportation and
disposal of waste (Diyamandoglu and Fortuna, L. M. 2015).
2.4 CURRENT CLT GRADING STANDARDS
The characteristics of lumber sawn from trees regardless of their size vary in mechanical
properties. To make it more economical, lumber is categorized into stress classes based on their
mechanical properties (Kretschmann and Green 1999). The PRG 320 classifies the grades of CLT
into seven stress classes based on the lumber characteristics and the species of wood. Four of the
CLT grades are made of lumber that are machine graded (E1, E2, E3 and E4) and three of them
use visually graded lumber (V1, V2 and V3).
25
Machine graded lumber can be divided into three main categories namely, Machine Stress Rated
(MSR) lumber, Machine Evaluated Lumber (MEL) and E-rated lumber. The PRG 320 stress
classes are based on MSR lumber grading criteria. In this process, the lumber is tested using non-
destructive methods in which the evaluation is done by a mechanical stress rating equipment. The
grades are designated by using the design values such as the allowable stress in bending (Fb) and
the edgewise modulus of elasticity (E). For example, the E1 stress class has a grade of 1950f-1.7E,
which designates a grade with an allowable stress of 1950 lb/in2 and an E value of 1.7 X 106 lb/in2.
Although it is termed as mechanically graded, the lumber should also satisfy certain visual
requirements before the product is labeled (SPIB 2021).
Visual grading is done by sorting the stress classes based on growth characteristics such as knots,
checks and splits, shake, slope of grain and wane. The location and size of a knot has various
effects on the bending strength of the lumber, especially in tension. Due to the fibers not being
parallel to the edges, higher slope of grain lowers the mechanical properties of lumber. Checks and
splits are separation of wood caused by seasoning and rupturing of wood cells. The weakness in
bonding between annual rings cause shakes that affect the shear stress of the wood (Kretschmann
and Green 1999). According to the National Grading Rule for Dimensional Lumber published by
the American Lumber Standards Committee (ALSC), structural light framing lumber can be
classified into four grades namely, Select Structural, No.1, No. 2 and No.3.
The CLT stress classes for North America based on lumber grades and layups mentioned in the
PRG 320 are as follows:
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• E1: 1950f-1.7E Spruce-pine-fir MSR lumber in all longitudinal layers and No.
3 Spruce-pine-fir lumber in all transverse layers
• E2: 1650f-1.5E Douglas fir-Larch MSR lumber in all longitudinal layers and
No. 3 Douglas fir-Larch lumber in all transverse layers
• E3: 1200f-1.2E Eastern Softwoods, Northern Species, or Western Woods MSR
lumber in all longitudinal layers and No. 3 Eastern Softwoods, Northern Species, or
Western Woods lumber in all transverse layers
• E4: 1950f-1.7E Southern pine MSR lumber in all longitudinal layers and No. 3
Southern pine lumber in all transverse layers
• V1: No. 2 Douglas fir-Larch lumber in all longitudinal layers and No. 3 Douglas
fir-Larch lumber in all transverse layers
• V2: No. 1/No. 2 Spruce-pine-fir lumber in all longitudinal layers and No. 3
Spruce-pine-fir lumber in all transverse layers
• V3: No. 2 Southern pine lumber in all longitudinal layers and No. 3 Southern
pine lumber in all transverse layers
The PRG 320 mentions that custom CLT layups are also allowed upon acceptance from an
approved agency. The design values for laminations used in the CLT grades are illustrated in the
tables below:
27
Table 2.2: Required Characteristic Strengths and Moduli of Elasticity for ANSI/APA PRG
320 Laminations (Source: Yeh et al., 2012)
Table 2.3: The Allowable Design Capacities for CLT (Source: Yeh et al., 2012)
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2.5 PREVIOUS RESEARCH ON PROPERTIES OF SALVAGED WOOD
Falk et. al (1999) tested the properties of 2 by 10 lumber collected from an US Army Ammunition
plant to compare it with those of newly produced lumber. About 500 samples were visually graded
and 100 of these were mechanically graded. The standards used for visual grading were exactly
duplicated as done for freshly sawn lumber. Some of the defects could not be categorized under
the normal established characteristics such as splits, checks, wane etc. These were created during
the deconstruction of the old structure, fasteners and also due to years of loading. Most of the
salvaged members were floor joists and roof rafters. 3-point bending tests were performed to
determine the Modulus of Elasticity (MOE). Since the sample size was small and there was a
mixture of three species namely, Douglas Fir-Larch, Southern Pine and Hem-Fir, the Modulus of
Rupture (MOR) data could not provide a strong judgement of the samples. The results acquired
after testing the samples were compared to an in-grade study data. It was concluded that the MOE
values of the visually graded salvaged lumber were comparable to the values of freshly sawn
lumber, whereas the bending strength was slightly lower. Since the lumber was obtained from an
ammunition plant, the bending strength might have been affected due chemical contamination.
According to another study conducted by Falk (1999), due to the damage, it was observed that the
salvaged lumber was one grade lower in quality when contrasted to freshly sawn lumber.
Moreover, when bending tests were conducted on these members in accordance with ASTM D198
methods, it was discovered that heart checks reduce the MOR but has no remarkable effect on the
bending strength of the reclaimed material.
29
The effects of splits and checks on shear strength of lumber samples from the military buildings
were evaluated using 4-point and 5-point bending tests (Rammer 1999). The samples were divided
into two groups based on the volume of splits and checks present along the length of the members.
The 4-point and 5-point bending tests were performed to evaluate the shear strength at the ends
and middle of the beam respectively. The results of the 5-point bending tests indicated that a lower
specific gravity member with comparatively larger size had higher shear strength. It is known that
specific gravity is directly proportional to shear strength. It was hence derived that the effect of
size had a greater impact than the specific gravity, since Rammer and Lebow (1997) claim that
size also influences shear strength. Rammer (1999) also deduced that flexural values of the
Douglas-fir members were not affected by splits and checks but lowered the MOR.
Chini (2001) performed 3-point bending tests in which the results indicated that the salvaged
lumber when compared to virgin lumber, was 50% denser, had greater allowable MOE and
bending stress. In this research, the samples were trimmed to shorter lengths so that the damage
created by construction, deconstruction and loading are eliminated. This resulted in increase of
grade by 3 levels. It is evident that salvaged wood shows promising characteristics and properties
for reuse. Chini also suggests the development of new grading standards specifically for salvaged
lumber, after testing their engineering properties, that incorporate various factors such as the effect
of damage, duration of loading and exposure. This paper focuses on testing the engineering
properties of lumber obtained from a 50-year-old abandoned building, visually and mechanically
grade these members using existing grading standards whilst taking into consideration the
aforementioned factors that influence the characteristics of the members.
30
CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY
3.1 INTRODUCTION
The objectives of this research are achieved in three phases and are as follows:
PHASE 1:
Characterize the physical and mechanical properties of the salvaged wooden members
PHASE 2:
Manufacture CLT panels using the salvaged lumber and test their properties
PHASE 3:
Demonstrate the applicability of using salvaged lumber in CLTs by statistically analyzing the
results of the comparison groups
3.2 CHARACTERIZATION OF SALVAGED LUMBER
68 Southern Yellow Pine species wooden members of 2 x 12 dimensions (1.5 in x 11.5 in) were
extracted from an abandoned building in Bay City that had been built in the 1950 and deconstructed
in the mid 2010s. The average length of these samples were 15 feet. A combination of these
salvaged lumber and virgin lumber material will be used to manufacture CLT panels as per the
ANSI/APA PRG-320 standards. The salvaged lumber and the manufactured CLT panels’ certain
characteristics of interest were developed as variables for this study. The variables developed for
assessing the salvaged lumber constitute its physical and mechanical properties. Whereas, for the
31
manufactured CLT panels, the variables include the physical and mechanical properties of the final
product as well as the position of salvaged lumber in the CLT layup.
3.2.1 MACHINE GRADING
The samples were evaluated using a Metriguard 340-E Computer. This instrument calculates the
dynamic Modulus of Elasticity (MOE) and specific gravity of a wooden board based on its natural
frequency prompted by tapping its center. The setup consists of a computer user interface, one
tripod containing a calibrated load-cell and another tripod with a knife-edge. It was calibrated
everyday using a weight of 11 lbs. and an aluminum calibration bar. The bar is 1 x 2.5 x 96 inches,
imitates a 2 x 4 and has an E value of about 2.24 x 106 psi or 15.5Gpa. The weight is mounted on
the load-cell to standardize it and verify its accuracy. The samples were placed flatwise on the load
cell and the knife-edge with a 1-inch overhang on each side.
The Modulus of Elasticity (MOE) is calculated by the following formula by using the frequency
of vibration, span length and the sample weight and dimensions:
E = (fn2 WL3) /(Kbh3)
Where E is the MOE, fn is the undamped natural frequency, W is the weight of the test sample, L
is the span length, K is the adjustment of constant for incorporating the units used and support
conditions, b is the width of the sample and h is the thickness of the sample.
32
To be more accurate in showing the effect of MOE on the grade value of the CLT panels to be
manufactured, the 2 x 12 boards were then cut into 6 pieces of 2 x 4 dimensions each. A coding
system was developed and labelled on the pieces to track the origin of each sample. The original
2 x 12 boards were labelled by the numbers 1 through 68. Then, the 15 ft. samples were cut into 2
halves of 7.5 ft. each and were labelled as A and B following the sample number. For instance,
sample 4 was cut and labelled as 4A and 4B. The 7.5 ft. boards were further cut into 2 x 4s. Those
were labelled as a, b and c following the sample number and A or B. For instance, 4A is cut into
three pieces 4Aa, 4Ab and 4Ac and, 4B is cut into three pieces 4Ba, 4Bb and 4Bc. Figure 3.1 helps
us better understand the coding system.
The 408 samples of 2 x 4 dimensions were tested on the Metriguard 340-E Computer to calculate
the MOE.
Figure 3.1: Coding System
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3.2.2 ANALYSIS OF PROPERTIES
3.2.2.1 MOE VS MOR RELATIONSHIP
30 of the 408 samples were randomly selected using a random sequence generator employing
Python programming language. These were subjected to 3-point bending tests on Instron Model
4206. This instrument calculates the elasticity and Modulus of Rupture (MOR) of a specimen. The
setup consists of a computer with Blue Hill 2.0 software and a compression machine comprising
a load-cell with end supports that are 14 in. apart. The dimensions of the samples to be tested on
the Instron were decided to be of 1 x 1 in. dimensions and 16 in. length. To maintain the accuracy
of the analysis, samples were taken from the middle and both the ends of the 30 panels. These
panels were divided into 3 parts and were labelled right (R), middle (M) and left (L) following the
sample numbers and letters. For example, sample 4Aa was divided into 3 parts namely, 4AaR,
4AaM and 4AaL. The 1 x 1 in. samples were extracted from the center of the three portions after
planing. The 90 samples were then subjected to 3-point bending tests on the Instron 4206.
The Instron machine was calibrated once every day before placing the samples on the end supports
with 1-inch overhang on each side. A testing method template was created, and the speed of the
boom was adjusted to 1.3 mm per minute. The load-cell boom height was adjusted using the ‘UP’
and ‘DOWN’ buttons on the Instron machine until the Flexural Load indicated on the user-
interface was close to zero. The Gauge Length was reset, and the bending test was then performed
with the load-cell exerting force on the middle of the specimen. The MOE and MOR are recorded
34
until the sample reaches failure point. The Maximum Flexure Load (lbf) and Extension at
Maximum Load (mm) is also calculated.
3.2.2.2 CORRELATING VISUAL DEFECTS AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
27 samples were assessed for visual defects, and these were recorded. The types of defects are as
follows:
• Knots – size and placement of the knots on the narrow and edge faces
• Shakes/Checks – cracks formed due to years of loading or caused during deconstruction
• End Splits – cracks in the ends caused due to deconstruction or while material handling
and transportation
• Nail holes/Screw Holes– every nail hole was of 4 mm diameter. The number and placement
of the holes were noted
• Other damages – some of the samples had significant damage. For instance, a major chunk
of wood was chipped off. The amount of fungal damage was also noted as a percentage of
the surface area
3.3 PERFORMANCE OF CLT PANELS
3.3.1 MANUFACTURING STANDARDS AND PROCESS
After collecting the physical and mechanical properties data of the salvaged lumber panels, the
focus was shifted to manufacturing CLT panels as per the ANSI/APA PRG-320 requirements.
35
CLT panels are manufactured using dimensional lumber and are bonded using adhesives in their
face, end and/or edge joints. The PRG-320 has specific requirements for the individual components
of the CLT and must be carefully considered. These are as follows:
3.3.1.1 LAMINATIONS
The standards necessitate the same lumber species or species combinations to be used in the same
layer to avoid distinctive physical and mechanical properties. However, it is permissible to use
different species or species combination in adjacent layers of the CLT. It also requires a minimum
specific gravity of 0.35 since it is the base value for any commercially produced lumber in North
America. For freshly sawn lumber, a minimum value of 1200-1.2E MSR or a No.2 visual grade is
required in longitudinal layers. Whereas a minimum of No.3 visual grade is required for the
transverse layers. To be considered as an equivalent to solid-sawn lumber, remanufactured lumber
should qualify in accordance with the Section 5.4 of the ANSI A190.1 standard.
At the time of gluing, to aid face bonding, the net lamination thickness of all the layers must be in
the range of 5/8 inch (16mm) to 2 inches (51mm). Moreover, the thickness of laminations shall
not vary within the same layer except for the time during face bonding. During the process of face
bonding, across the width of a lamination, the thickness variation shall not exceed ±0.008 inch
(0.20 mm). The thickness variation shall not exceed ±0.012 inch (0.30 mm) along the length of a
lumber.
36
The net width of laminations in the major strength direction shall be at least 1.75 times the net
lamination thickness. In the minor strength direction, for layers that are not edge-bonded, the net
lamination width shall be at least 3.5 times the net lamination thickness unless there is an
evaluation of interlaminar strength and creep.
3.3.1.2 ADHESIVES
Adhesives are a crucial part of CLT. According to the standards, adhesives should meet the
requirements of ANSI 405 except for the glue-bond durability tests mentioned in the Section 2.1.6
of ANSI 405. These tests are used to assess the durability of adhesives used in exterior applications
are not applicable since CLT products are maintained in dry service conditions. Following are the
most common type of adhesives used in CLT production:
• Phenol-resorcinol formaldehyde (PRF)
• Emulsion polymer isocyanate (EPI) and,
• Polyurethane (PUR)
3.3.1.3 PANEL DIMENSIONS AND DIMENSIONAL TOLERANCES
The overall thickness of a CLT shall not exceed 20 inches (508 mm) according to the ANSI/APA
PRG 320. Following are the dimension tolerances permitted at the time of manufacturing:
• CLT Thickness: ±1/16 inch (1.6 mm) or 2% of the CLT thickness, whichever is greater
• CLT Width: ±1/8 inch (3.2 mm)
37
• CLT Length: ±1/4 inch (6.4 mm)
Alterations in tolerances specified above are permitted for textured or other face or edge finishes.
In such case, the designer shall compensate for any losses in strength and/or the cross-section.
The standard also mentions about the squareness of a CLT, which is defined as the length of the
two panel face diagonals measured between panel corners, to be lesser than 1/8 inch (3.2 mm). It
also specifies that the straightness of a CLT, defined as the deviation of edges from a straight line
between adjacent panel corners, shall be within 1/16 inch (1.6 mm).
3.3.1.4 CLT MANUFACTURING PROCESS
A CLT panel consists of three or more layers of dimensional lumber that is of same or different
thicknesses which are oriented orthogonally in alternate layers. The manufacturing process
consists of the following steps:
• Primary Lumber Selection - In this step, the moisture content (MC) of the lumber is
assessed and is assured that a MC of 12 ± 3% is maintained to ensure a proper bond quality.
The temperature of the wood should be at least 60 degrees Fahrenheit. The collected
samples had a moisture content in the range of 10 to 14%. Since the adhesive used in this
experiment is moisture-cured, the samples having a MC greater than 12% were selected to
manufacture the CLTs
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• Lumber Grouping - For a E-class CLT, the parallel layers are usually E-rated, and the
perpendicular layers are visually graded. For a V-class CLT, all the layers are visually
graded. Hence, the major and the minor strength direction lumbers are grouped to test the
engineering properties. However, since custom layers are permitted by the ANSI/APA
PRG 320, this research involves manufacturing of CLT panels that have E-rated lumber in
both parallel and perpendicular layers.
• Lumber Planing - Lumber is planed or surfaced to ensure effective gluing by reducing the
oxidation of the wood surface. Planing all sides of the lumber will ensure dimensional
uniformity.
• Lumber Cutting to Length - The wood is cut into specific length for stacking. The
dimensions of the 5-layer CLT manufactured in this research is 17.5 inch x 3.5 inch and
each layer is about 1.25 inch thick. The minor strength direction lumber is cut into 5 pieces
of 3.5 inch each by length to be stacked orthogonal to the major strength direction lumber.
• Adhesive Application – Parallel lines of adhesive is applied on a layer and is uniformly
wetted to aid curing and effective spread rate. The surface must be devoid of any adhesive-
repellant substances such as oils or greases. Adhesive must be applied immediately after
planing to avoid surface oxidation or aging and thus improving bonding effectiveness.
• CLT Panel Lay-up – This step involves assembly of the layers of the CLT
• Assembly Pressing – It is usually done using a vacuum press or a hydraulic press. Assembly
time is the duration from adhesive application to the assembly press. The assembly time
and the pressing time should be as mentioned by the adhesive manufacturer and a minimum
temperature of 60 degrees Fahrenheit must be maintained. Polyurethane (PUR) was used
as the adhesive for this experiment. Per the requirements of the adhesive product, about 4
39
to 5 milligrams of PUR was used per layer and each CLT panel was pressed at 116 psi for
150 minutes. A room temperature of 65 F to 85 F was maintained.
3.3.2 MECHANICAL TESTING OF CLT PANELS
The manufactured 5-layer CLT panels were subjected to 3-point bending tests on the Instron 4206.
The panels were placed flatwise with 1 inch overhang on each side. MOE and MOR values of each
sample was recorded.
3.3.3 COMPARISON GROUPS
The CLT panels were manufactured as a combination of salvaged lumber and virgin lumber. The
mechanical properties of the 3 following groups were compared:
Group 1 (S40%): 30 samples with salvaged lumber used in the minor strength direction and
virgin lumber in the major strength direction. Salvaged lumber constituted 40% of the sample.
Group 2 (S60%): 30 samples with salvaged lumber used in the major strength direction and
virgin lumber in the minor strength direction. Salvaged lumber constituted 60% of the sample.
40
Figure 3.2: CLT Lay-ups
Group 3 (Control): 30 control samples were manufactured which consisted of virgin lumber in
both transverse and longitudinal layers. The purpose of the control samples is to justify the
accuracy of data produced in the mechanical testing of the CLT panels containing a proportion of
salvaged lumber. It also helps in understanding the effect of the salvaged lumber on the properties
of the CLT panels when compared against the other 2 groups.
41
CHAPTER 4: RESULTS
This chapter will analyze the results of the various tests performed on the raw materials as well as
the final products. First, we will look at the results of the 27 samples that were visually inspected.
Secondly, the descriptive statistics of the non-destructive tests performed on the 408 raw salvaged
lumber samples. Thirdly, analysis of the bending tests performed on the 90 randomly selected
samples. The results will then be compared against the requirements of the CLT standards. Finally,
the three CLT sample groups were compared using One-way ANOVA and Tukey Test.
4.1 VISUAL INSPECTION
Instances per Board
Defect No. of Samples Min. Max. Mean
w/defects
Nail Holes (1/8”) Narrow Face 16 0 6 1.48
Nail Holes (1/8”) Wide Face Edge 0 0 0 0
Nail Holes (1/8”) Wide Face Center Line 0 4 16 8.85
Bolt Holes (1/8”) Narrow Face 0 0 0 0
Bolt Holes (1/8”) Wide Face Edge 0 0 0 0
Bolt Holes (1/8”) Wide Face Center Line 27 4 4 4
a
Edge Defect 1/6 2 1 1 0.07
Edge Defect 1/3 0 0 0 0
Edge Defect ½ 0 0 0 0
Notes:
a/ Defects are inclusive of knots, knot holes, burls, large checks, and distorted grain (slope
>1:10), and other damage to include tear outs, rot, insect damage, and fire damage.
Table 4.1: Visual Inspection Data (Berghorn et. al 2020)
23 of the 27 samples that were visually inspected graded as 2.0E6 SPF based on the MOE data in
the Metriguard results. Two of those samples, namely, #44 and #58, could not meet the grade due
42
to the presence of large knots. This concludes that 21 of the 27 samples were still grading as 2.0E6
SPF, which was about 77.7 percent of the sample population (Berghorn et al 2020).
MOE (Mpsi) SG
KNOTS 1.761 0.57
HOLES 2.016 0.605
DAMAGE 1.985 0.58
CHECKS 2.415 0.64425
LEAST DAMAGE 2.2675 0.6315
Table 4.2: Visually Inspected Material Data
The average MOE and specific gravity values of the visually inspected 2 x 12 samples were
analyzed to evaluate the effects of knots, nail holes, damage, and checks on the properties of the
material. From Table 4.2, it can be observed that samples that had the highest number of checks
recorded the highest mean MOE value of 2.415 Mpsi. Samples with high number of knots had the
lowest MOE value of 1.761 Mpsi. There was no significant difference in the specific gravity values
between the samples. However, the average MOE value of the samples that had the least amount
of damage was higher than samples that had the highest amount of knots, nail holes, and damage.
4.2 METRIGUARD DATA
The mean Modulus of Elasticity (MOE) of the 408 samples was 2.085 Mpsi. The lowest MOE
value was 0.89 Mpsi whereas the highest MOE recorded was 3.76 Mpsi. The median value of the
set was 2.1 Mpsi which was close to the mode value. A standard deviation of 0.481 Mpsi and a
variance of 0.231 Mpsi was observed in the data. The Inter Quartile Range (IQR) was calculated
43
to be 0.62 Mpsi where the first Quartile Q1 was 1.77 Mpsi and the third Quartile Q3 was 2.39 Mpsi.
The outliers were samples having MOE values greater than 3.42 Mpsi. The mean Specific Gravity
(SG) of the salvaged wood was 0.585. The median value of SG was observed to be 0.581 with Q1
being 0.535 and Q3 being 0.627.
Figure 4.1: Metriguard MOE Histogram
4.3 INSTRON DATA OF RAW SALVAGED LUMBER
The 90 random samples that were subjected to the 3-point bending tests using Instron had a mean
MOE value of 1.693 Mpsi. The median value of the set was 1.679 Mpsi. A standard deviation of
0.416 Mpsi and a variance of 0.173 Mpsi was observed in the data. The Inter Quartile Range (IQR)
was calculated to be 0.479 Mpsi where the first Quartile Q1 was 1.478 Mpsi and the third Quartile
Q3 was 1.958 Mpsi. There was one outlier sample which had an MOE of 2.721 Mpsi.
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The Modulus of Rupture (MOR) was also recorded by the Instron for the 90 samples. The mean
value was 14,558.87 psi and the median value of the set was 14,764.57 psi. It had a standard
deviation of 3,856.37 psi. The Inter Quartile Range (IQR) was calculated to be 3,738.58 psi where
the first Quartile Q1 was 12,998.92 psi and the third Quartile Q3 was 16,726.50 psi. There were 4
outliers that had MOR values of 112.04 psi, 130.56 psi, 7,047.34 psi, 7,255.50 psi and 25,605.51
psi.
MOE vs MOR
30.00
Thousands
25.00
20.00
15.00
10.00
5.00
0.00
0.00 500.00 1000.00 1500.00 2000.00 2500.00 3000.00
Thousands
Figure 4.2: Instron MOE vs MOR
Some of the MOE values were recorded as zero when Instron failed to record the value. This was
mostly due to the sample failing completely. The tabular Metriguard and Instron test data is in
Appendix A. The MOE and MOR were strongly and positively correlated with r = 0.85. The R2
value was equal to 0.73.
45
4.4 COMPARISON AGAINST STANDARDS
Section 6 of the ANSI/APA PRG-320 mentions the minimum requirement for the laminations to
be qualified as feedstock for the CLT panels. The minimum lumber grade of the longitudinal layers
of CLT must be 1200f-1.2E. Based on our Metriguard data, the 408 samples that were of 2 x 12
dimension had a mean MOE value of 2.085 Mpsi which is well above the minimum criteria. Some
of the samples had MOE values greater than 3 Mpsi. The MOE values were lower for the samples
tested on Instron but had a mean value of 1.693 Mpsi which is still suitable for use according to
the requirements. The specific gravity of the lumber used, according to the PRG 320, must have a
minimum value of 0.35. The average specific gravity of the lumber samples recorded was 0.585.
The lower quartile of the sample had a value of 0.535 which is also well above the requirement.
4.5 CLT PANELS INSTRON TEST DATA
To understand the influence of salvaged wood on the overall properties of the final product, the
properties of the feedstock itself was tracked and analyzed. This was achieved by selecting a group,
in this case the 60% salvaged wood samples (S60%), where each of the 30 CLT panels were
exclusively made from one salvaged wood sample. For instance, sample number 56Bb was used
in all the major axis layers for Sample 1 of the S60%. The MOE value of 56Bb was then compared
to the overall MOE of the CLT Sample 1. Three CLT samples with the highest and three with the
lowest MOE values were chosen. The average MOE value of the salvaged lumber pieces that were
present in the CLT samples that had high MOE values was 1.76 Mpsi. Whereas the mean MOE of
the raw samples that were components of low MOE CLT samples was 2.02 Mpsi. It was observed
46
that there was no meaningful relation between the MOE of the final product and its components.
Moreover, the mean MOE values of the CLT samples were much lower than its components.
Though there were 5 layers of 1.25 inches thick panels in each CLT sample compared to the 1 inch
thick raw samples, the speed of the machine’s boom of 1.3 mm per minute was maintained. This
acted as a probable cause for the low MOE values. Another contributing factor may be machine
error. To effectively examine the impact of salvaged wood on the properties of the CLT samples,
a group comparison was performed.
The comparison between the 3 sample groups was performed using the IBM SPSS software.
Tables 4.2, 4.3 and 4.4 illustrate the mechanical properties of the CLT panels recorded by the
Instron machine. The descriptive statistics of the data shows that the mean values of the two
experimental groups were significantly higher than the control group (Table 4.5). The standard
deviation is higher in the group that has the salvaged lumber in the major axis direction.
In the One-Way ANOVA test, the categorical independent variable was the position or percentage
of the salvaged lumber in a sample whereas the continuous dependent variable was the Young’s
Modulus of the sample. The hypothesis for this experiment was that the inclusion of salvaged
lumber as a component in CLT panels will impact the MOE value of the material. The significance
level or the p-value was assumed to be 0.05. Since the PRG 320 considers the MOE value as the
main parameter to classify or grade CLT, this experiment also follows the same.
47
Specimen Maximum Extension at MOR MOE Salvaged
Label Flexure Load Maximum Load (psi) (psi) lumber
(lbf) (mm) Samples
Label
2V-1 11,926.92 29.84 2,117.20 12,159.86 56Bb
2V-2 13,116.49 33.35 2,328.37 12,739.35 33Bc
2V-3 10,657.43 32.16 1,891.85 11,863.70 12Ab
2V-4 11,145.69 32.24 1,978.52 11,863.70 18Ac
2V-5 9,991.61 30.49 1,773.66 12,160.29 68Ba
2V-6 11,052.48 25.51 1,961.98 37,778.31 8Bc
2V-7 10,568.65 36.03 1,876.09 12,428.41 18Ba
2V-8 9,929.49 27.08 1,762.63 ----- 25Aa
2V-9 13,928.78 29.26 2,472.56 11,863.59 21Bc
2V-10 13,072.11 42.21 2,320.49 12,160.24 33Ba
2V-11 9,259.24 26.45 1,643.65 14,601.99 27Ba
2V-12 10,728.44 18.88 1,904.46 43,196.08 28Ab
2V-13 11,456.41 24.06 2,033.68 31,414.22 23Ab
2V-14 9,951.67 26.28 1,766.57 4,274.81 20Aa
2V-15 9,689.78 28.88 1,720.08 475.5 18Aa
2V-16 10,586.42 18.56 1,879.25 11,863.49 13Aa
2V-17 8,047.45 19.64 1,428.54 11,619.54 24Bb
2V-18 12,774.71 27.66 2,267.70 10,318.87 14Ac
2V-19 8,460.26 22.31 1,501.82 26,306.64 28Aa
2V-20 9,587.70 17.77 1,701.96 17,397.54 19Aa
2V-21 11,332.11 22.84 2,011.62 31,487.45 18Bb
2V-22 9,982.75 26.44 1,772.09 23,370.29 56Ab
2V-23 9,059.48 24.52 1,608.19 16,985.85 8Ab
2V-24 10,772.84 10.70 1,912.34 59,428.92 13Bc
2V-25 12,859.06 25.37 2,282.67 11,863.49 9Ac
2V-26 11,114.63 17.74 1,973.01 47,779.57 6Bb
2V-27 11,376.51 33.31 2,019.50 36,175.18 5Ac
2V-28 9,392.40 25.70 1,667.29 1,016.03 8Aa
2V-29 12,206.55 22.97 2,166.84 44,780.38 24Ba
2V-30 9,605.45 20.21 1,705.11 33,877.95 21Ab
Table 4.3: Salvaged Lumber in Major Axis (2 Virgin Layers)
48
Specimen Maximum Flexure Extension at MOR MOE Salvaged
Label Load Maximum (psi) (psi) lumber
(lbf) Load (mm) Sample Label
3V-1 10,608.60 35.44 1,883.18 38,412.03 14Ab
3V-2 7,621.34 23.76 1,352.90 13,049.39 25Ab, 7Bc
3V-3 8,287.15 25.48 1,471.09 14,603.81 16Bb
3V-4 9,343.56 33.35 1,658.62 19,393.75 1Ac, 16Bb
3V-5 8,407.00 27.26 1,492.37 26,599.99 68Bb
3V-6 6,418.43 17.37 1,139.37 32,354.54 1Ac, 4Ac
3V-7 9,374.63 23.60 1,664.14 19,697.46 22Ab, 23Ac
3V-8 9,245.92 37.75 1,641.29 12,844.51 4Ab
3V-9 9,148.26 32.02 1,623.95 25,825.71 24Ac
3V-10 10,164.72 36.95 1,804.39 34,253.08 16Ab
3V-11 7,128.62 32.69 1,265.44 12,169.51 14Ab, 12Bc
3V-12 11,491.93 33.80 2,039.99 10,533.72 23Ac, 12Bc
3V-13 8,353.73 28.70 1,482.91 12,160.29 22Ac
3V-14 9,454.52 25.02 1,678.32 15,012.37 62Ab
3V-15 8,043.01 25.44 1,427.75 632.37 14Ab
3V-16 8,913.00 28.82 1,582.19 21,593.96 14Ab
3V-17 9,543.30 25.49 1,694.08 18,204.85 16Bb, 1Ac
3V-18 6,391.80 25.35 1,134.64 23,891.97 25Bc
3V-19 7,852.14 18.03 1,393.87 33,445.94 14Ab
3V-20 8,256.07 29.01 1,465.57 36,513.03 11Bb, 15Ac
3V-21 8,114.02 33.20 1,440.36 ----- 68Bb
3V-22 10,732.90 33.37 1,905.25 12,428.51 18Ab
3V-23 7,528.12 28.49 1,336.35 12,160.13 14Ab, 18Ab
3V-24 8,003.07 29.99 1,420.66 24,984.67 25Ab
3V-25 7,244.04 20.43 1,285.92 21,902.41 1Bb, 66Bb
3V-26 9,348.00 36.88 1,659.41 15,242.18 11Bc
3V-27 6,378.48 19.63 1,132.27 22,744.23 7Bb
3V-28 8,402.54 23.78 1,491.58 21,282.29 7Ba
3V-29 8,402.54 22.69 1,491.58 36,156.37 33Bb, 10Ba
3V-30 8,549.02 28.26 1,517.58 17,761.70 17Bb
Table 4.4: Salvaged Lumber in Minor Axis (3 Virgin Layers)
49
Specimen Label Maximum Flexure Extension at MOR MOE
Load Maximum Load (psi) (psi)
(lbf) (mm)
C-1 7,195.20 36.46 1,277.26 12,739.36
C-2 9,037.30 47.88 1,604.25 8,787.47
C-3 10,777.27 31.88 1,913.13 30,293.88
C-4 9,534.42 23.35 1,692.50 31,274.87
C-5 8,975.15 23.00 1,593.22 28,774.03
C-6 8,753.21 29.26 1,553.82 14,184.58
C-7 8,016.38 25.04 1,423.03 5,233.51
C-8 5,884.00 21.08 1,044.50 6,334.53
C-9 10,999.21 47.52 1,952.52 12,160.29
C-10 7,026.55 28.20 1,247.32 15,875.94
C-11 8,300.47 22.95 1,473.46 -----
C-12 10,000.50 33.65 1,775.24 6,899.90
C-13 6,560.47 28.62 1,164.58 1,928.95
C-14 8,739.89 34.51 1,551.46 12,428.64
C-15 6,538.27 21.83 1,160.64 13,136.15
C-16 7,363.88 33.50 1,307.20 12,428.64
C-17 8,056.33 32.69 1,430.12 2,508.82
C-18 7,852.14 25.23 1,393.87 12,160.29
C-19 8,615.62 38.17 1,529.40 -----
C-20 7,377.20 26.42 1,309.56 4,899.36
C-21 6,946.63 31.55 1,233.13 2,040.98
C-22 10,155.86 32.95 1,802.82 1,255.63
C-23 7,008.78 23.31 1,244.16 8,230.80
C-24 9,126.06 26.31 1,620.01 6,293.45
C-25 7,199.66 28.42 1,278.05 6,455.84
C-26 8,269.38 37.43 1,467.94 3,481.41
C-27 9,166.00 26.84 1,627.10 11,056.31
C-28 7,426.03 34.01 1,318.23 12,429.56
C-29 6,817.93 20.37 1,210.28 10,474.93
C-30 4,705.08 12.85 835.22 16,278.14
Table 4.5: Control Samples (All Virgin Layers)
50
It was observed that the usage of salvaged lumber had significant impact on the MOE value of the
samples, F (2, 87) = 7.499, p = 0.000989308. Since p < 0.05, the difference in means is statistically
significant.
95% Confidence
Type Mean Std. Error Interval for Mean
Lower Upper
Bound Bound Minimum Maximum
Salvaged
in Major
Axis 20441.708 2791.52473 14732.3989 26151.0171 0 59428.92
Salvaged
in Minor
Axis 20195.159 1804.2399 16505.0741 23885.2439 0 38412.03
Control 10334.8753 1499.79759 7267.4448 13402.3058 0 31274.87
TOTAL 16990.5808 1301.25159 14405.0216 19576.14 0 59428.92
Table 4.6: Descriptive Statistics
Sum of
Squares df Mean Square F Sig.
Between
Groups 1994340469 2 997170234.7 7.499 <.001
Within Groups 11568637748 87 132972847.7
TOTAL 13562978217 89
Table 4.7: One-Way ANOVA Results
Since one-way ANOVA is a test for overall difference between all the groups, it does not exactly
support the hypothesis of the experiment. Thus, a post-hoc test was conducted to determine where
the difference lies. In this research, the Tukey HSD (honestly significant difference) test was used.
51
95% Confidence Interval
Mean Difference Lower Upper
(I) Group (J) Group (I-J) Sig. Bound Bound
S60% S40% 246.549 0.996 -6852.9788 7346.0768
Control 10106.83267* 0.003 3007.3049 17206.3605
S40% S60% -246.549 0.996 -7346.0768 6852.9788
Control 9860.28367* 0.004 2760.7559 16959.8115
-
Control S60% -10106.83267* 0.003 17206.3605 -3007.3049
-
S40% -9860.28367* 0.004 16959.8115 -2760.7559
*. The mean difference is significant at the 0.05 level
Table 4.8: Post-Hoc (Tukey HSD) Test Results
The results showed that there is a significant difference in the means when each of the experimental
group was compared against the control sample. The p-values for the samples with salvaged
lumber in major axis and minor axis were 0.003 and 0.004 respectively. There was no significant
difference between the two experimental groups. This shows that the percentage of salvaged
components in the CLT panels did not have a significant effect on the MOE values. Overall, the
sample groups containing salvaged lumber in minor and major axes seem to exhibit better
mechanical properties based on the destructive test results.
52
CHAPTER 5: SUMMARY
5.1 OVERVIEW
The primary outcome of this study was to evaluate the impact of using salvaged lumber as one of
the feedstock materials in wood products such as CLT panels.
The variables or factors that need to be considered while evaluating the properties of the sample
material were derived from the literature review performed initially. It allowed us to explore the
body of knowledge and understand concepts behind previous research experiments that had similar
goals. The results of those past experiments also equipped us with the understanding of our current
stance in evaluating the feasibility of reusing salvaged wood material.
The characteristics of interest were namely, the species of wood, duration of loading, type of
loading the member had been subjected to, physical damage, number of knots and checks,
mechanical properties such as MOE, MOR, specific gravity, and moisture content, and finally, the
original grade of the samples. All the 68 samples were of Southern Yellow Pine species. Since the
building was built in the late 50s, it was concluded that the samples were under load for at least 60
years. The type of loading could not be determined, but since the samples were 2 x 12 long span
members, it was assumed that these were decks. The destructive and non-destructive tests recorded
the mechanical properties of the samples. The original grade of the material could not be
determined since there were not grade stamps present except for a few samples. Moisture content
53
of the samples were in the range of 9 to 15 percent. The samples chosen to use in the manufacturing
of CLT panels had a moisture content of at least 12 percent.
Since only 68 samples were collected from a single deconstruction project, the samples were
further cut into smaller pieces to increase the sample size. Each piece was numbered per the
developed coding system. The mechanical properties of the raw samples were recorded by
performing tests on Metriguard and Instron. The results were analyzed to evaluate the impact of
the determined variables on the overall performance of the salvaged lumber. The samples satisfied
the requirement criteria for usage in CLT panels.
CLT panels were manufactured in three groups, two experimental and one control. The
experimental groups were manufactured using a mixture of virgin lumber and varying proportions
of salvaged lumber. Since these were hand-manufactured unlike the traditional machine
manufacturing method, the number of samples were decided to be as high as 30 to alleviate the
effect of human error. All the samples were then subjected to 3-point bending tests on Instron.
One-way ANOVA and Tukey tests were performed to analyze the impact of the salvaged lumber
on the overall mechanical properties. The experimental group performed much better than the
control group. It was concluded that the inclusion of salvaged lumber in wood products is not only
a viable option but also a better one.
54
5.2 FUTURE RESEARCH
The unknown variables in this experiment which had an impact on the overall properties of the
material may be of interest to future researchers. Knowing the type of load that the samples were
subjected to, longitudinal or transverse, would have helped in analyzing the effect of the direction
of load.
The virgin lumber used in this experiment had a grade value of 2100f whereas the salvaged
lumber’s grades were unfamiliar. Few samples that had grade stamps on them showed a value of
1600f. When the CLT sample groups were compared, the influence of grade on the MOE values
could not be established. Since we know that few salvaged lumber pieces which were graded 1600f
performed better and had higher MOE values than the pure virgin CLT samples of grade 2100f, it
gives us a glimpse of the salvaged material’s endurance.
Since there was no significant difference in the mean MOE values between the groups having 3
layers and 2 layers of salvaged lumber, it could be possible that the salvaged lumber in the 2 layers
were of higher grades when compared to the 3 layers. Making S60% and S40% CLT panels using
salvaged lumber pieces extracted from a single sample could have tested this hypothesis. Due to
the limited availability, samples could not be grouped as mentioned to determine this information.
The coding system developed in this experiment could help in tracking the properties of the
samples that were used in the CLT panels and compare it with the properties of the parent board.
55
The CLT samples were subjected to bending tests only in the major strength direction. Performing
the same tests by applying force in the minor strength direction and analyzing the results will
provide a holistic idea of how the same material will perform.
The adhesive used in this research is called Polyurethane (PUR). The waste generated in cutting
wood can be used to extract lignin. This can be used as a substitute to PUR as a bio-based adhesive
to bond layers of the CLT.
Moreover, the process of planing wood generates a considerable amount of powdered wood waste.
It can be assessed if CLT panels can be made of laminations that are not planed. Evaluating the
feasibility of not planing wood and still maintain the same mechanical properties would start a
new and interesting discussion.
5.3 CONCLUSION
By exploring the option of streaming in salvaged lumber into commercial wood products, this
research has pioneered in treading an uncharted territory. For many years, researchers have tried
to record the properties of used lumber and claimed the normalization of its re-usage. This
experiment provides data that attests to this claim and enlightens not only environmentalists but
also economists. With the current unpredictable situation of lumber prices, the ability to reuse
wood will be a blessing to the industry. This project has lived through one of the most grave
pandemics in history where the economy rolled the dice every day. As we move towards a new
world where climate change plays a crucial role in major decisions, the ability to have a reliable
56
and continuous source of reusable lumber would be welcomed and celebrated. With limited
resources and various obstacles, this experiment has succeeded with results that support its claim.
It is in the best interest of people involved in this research that future enthusiasts will try to travel
deeper into this uncharted territory and will further strengthen the claims put forth.
57
APPENDICES
58
APPENDIX A: METRIGUARD DATA
Description: Sample 1Aa
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] Freq. [Hz]
[ft]
1 2.18 3 0.548 10 8 15.99
2 2.16 3 0.548 10 8 15.93
3 2.17 3 0.548 10 8 15.94
4 2.16 3 0.541 9.8 8 16.02
5 2.15 3 0.539 9.8 8 16.02
6 2.15 3 0.539 9.8 8 16.02
Description: Sample 1Ab
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.13 3 0.535 9.7 8 15.99
2 2.14 3 0.534 9.7 8 16.03
3 2.14 3 0.534 9.7 8 16.03
4 2.17 3 0.542 9.8 8 16.04
5 2.18 3 0.542 9.8 8 16.07
6 2.18 3 0.542 9.8 8 16.07
Description: Sample 1Ac
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.77 4 0.511 9.3 8 14.92
2 1.77 4 0.51 9.3 8 14.93
3 1.78 4 0.511 9.3 8 14.94
4 1.87 4 0.532 9.7 8 15.02
5 1.86 4 0.53 9.6 8 15.03
6 1.87 4 0.53 9.6 8 15.04
Table A.1: Metriguard Readings
59
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 1Ba
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.16 3 0.573 10.4 8 15.58
2 2.16 3 0.573 10.4 8 15.55
3 2.16 3 0.573 10.4 8 15.57
4 2.09 4 0.558 10.1 8 15.5
5 2.09 4 0.558 10.1 8 15.5
6 2.08 4 0.56 10.2 8 15.46
Description: Sample 1Bb
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.2 3 0.6 10.9 8 15.35
2 2.19 3 0.601 10.9 8 15.31
3 2.21 3 0.601 10.9 8 15.36
4 2.07 4 0.56 10.2 8 15.44
5 2.07 4 0.558 10.1 8 15.44
6 2.07 4 0.558 10.1 8 15.42
Description: Sample 1Bc
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.2 3 0.557 10.1 8 15.94
2 2.21 3 0.558 10.1 8 15.97
3 2.21 3 0.557 10.1 8 15.98
4 2.13 3 0.533 9.7 8 16.03
5 2.14 3 0.534 9.7 8 16.04
6 2.13 3 0.533 9.7 8 16.04
Description: Sample 2Aa
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.62 1 0.679 12.3 8 15.72
2 2.61 1 0.679 12.3 8 15.7
3 2.62 1 0.678 12.3 8 15.75
4 2.68 1 0.697 12.7 8 15.69
5 2.67 1 0.697 12.7 8 15.67
6 2.67 1 0.697 12.7 8 15.66
60
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 2Ab
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.71 1 0.707 12.8 8 15.67
2 2.7 1 0.707 12.8 8 15.65
3 2.69 1 0.707 12.8 8 15.62
4 2.7 1 0.693 12.6 8 15.79
5 2.67 1 0.691 12.6 8 15.74
6 2.69 1 0.691 12.6 8 15.79
Description: Sample 2Ac
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.96 1 0.7 12.7 8 16.45
2 2.96 1 0.702 12.8 8 16.44
3 2.97 1 0.702 12.8 8 16.46
4 2.98 1 0.697 12.7 8 16.57
5 2.99 1 0.695 12.6 8 16.59
6 2.99 1 0.697 12.7 8 16.58
Description: Sample 2Ba
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.41 2 0.69 12.5 8 14.95
2 2.43 2 0.691 12.6 8 14.99
3 2.42 2 0.691 12.6 8 14.97
4 2.45 2 0.694 12.6 8 15.03
5 2.45 2 0.694 12.6 8 15.03
6 2.46 2 0.695 12.6 8 15.04
Description: Sample 2Bb
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.41 2 0.747 13.6 8 14.37
2 2.41 2 0.746 13.6 8 14.39
3 2.4 2 0.746 13.6 8 14.36
4 2.27 3 0.707 12.8 8 14.35
5 2.28 3 0.707 12.8 8 14.38
6 2.29 3 0.707 12.8 8 14.39
61
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 2Bc
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.88 1 0.811 14.7 8 15.08
2 2.89 1 0.812 14.8 8 15.09
3 2.89 1 0.812 14.8 8 15.1
4 2.69 1 0.761 13.8 8 15.05
5 2.68 1 0.759 13.8 8 15.05
6 2.7 1 0.761 13.8 8 15.06
Description: Sample 3Aa
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.18 3 0.613 11.1 8 15.1
2 2.2 3 0.614 11.2 8 15.16
3 2.2 3 0.614 11.2 8 15.16
4 2.25 3 0.626 11.4 8 15.19
5 2.25 3 0.624 11.3 8 15.19
6 2.23 3 0.624 11.3 8 15.13
Description: Sample 3Ab
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.35 3 0.639 11.6 8 15.34
2 2.34 3 0.639 11.6 8 15.32
3 2.35 3 0.641 11.6 8 15.33
4 2.36 3 0.638 11.6 8 15.37
5 2.38 3 0.639 11.6 8 15.44
6 2.38 3 0.641 11.6 8 15.42
Description: Sample 3Ac
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.51 2 0.628 11.4 8 16
2 2.51 2 0.628 11.4 8 16.01
3 2.51 2 0.628 11.4 8 16.01
4 2.41 2 0.603 11 8 16.02
5 2.4 2 0.601 10.9 8 15.99
6 2.39 3 0.601 10.9 8 15.97
62
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 3Ba
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.45 4 0.629 11.4 8 12.13
2 1.44 4 0.629 11.4 8 12.13
3 1.44 4 0.629 11.4 8 12.12
4 1.44 4 0.627 11.4 8 12.12
5 1.44 4 0.627 11.4 8 12.12
6 1.44 4 0.627 11.4 8 12.13
Description: Sample 3Bc
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.58 2 0.627 11.4 8 16.23
2 2.6 2 0.628 11.4 8 16.27
3 2.58 2 0.628 11.4 8 16.22
4 2.66 1 0.642 11.7 8 16.28
5 2.65 1 0.639 11.6 8 16.29
6 2.65 1 0.641 11.6 8 16.28
Description: Sample 4Aa
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.81 4 0.48 8.7 8 15.53
2 1.81 4 0.48 8.7 8 15.56
3 1.82 4 0.48 8.7 8 15.61
4 1.92 4 0.504 9.2 8 15.64
5 1.92 4 0.504 9.2 8 15.64
6 1.92 4 0.502 9.1 8 15.63
Description: Sample 4Ab
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.87 4 0.511 9.3 8 15.29
2 1.87 4 0.51 9.3 8 15.31
3 1.87 4 0.51 9.3 8 15.33
4 1.82 4 0.495 9 8 15.36
5 1.81 4 0.495 9 8 15.32
6 1.82 4 0.495 9 8 15.35
63
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 4Ac
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.65 4 0.495 9 8 14.63
2 1.64 4 0.494 9 8 14.59
3 1.65 4 0.495 9 8 14.64
4 1.64 4 0.487 8.9 8 14.67
5 1.63 4 0.487 8.9 8 14.65
6 1.64 4 0.487 8.9 8 14.67
Description: Sample 4Ba
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.22 3 0.527 9.6 8 16.44
2 2.21 3 0.528 9.6 8 16.39
3 2.22 3 0.528 9.6 8 16.42
4 2.24 3 0.535 9.7 8 16.38
5 2.26 3 0.535 9.7 8 16.44
6 2.25 3 0.534 9.7 8 16.41
Description: Sample 4Bb
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.01 4 0.51 9.3 8 15.9
2 2.01 4 0.51 9.3 8 15.9
3 2.01 4 0.51 9.3 8 15.9
4 2.05 4 0.52 9.5 8 15.89
5 2.06 4 0.52 9.5 8 15.91
6 2.04 4 0.52 9.5 8 15.85
Description: Sample 4Bc
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.06 4 0.533 9.7 8 15.75
2 2.06 4 0.533 9.7 8 15.73
3 2.06 4 0.533 9.7 8 15.75
4 2.13 3 0.549 10 8 15.74
5 2.14 3 0.551 10 8 15.76
6 2.13 3 0.551 10 8 15.76
64
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 5Aa
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.19 3 0.559 10.1 8 15.83
2 2.19 3 0.559 10.1 8 15.85
3 2.19 3 0.559 10.1 8 15.85
4 2.13 3 0.548 9.9 8 15.77
5 2.13 3 0.546 9.9 8 15.79
6 2.13 3 0.546 9.9 8 15.8
Description: Sample 5Ab
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.29 3 0.565 10.3 8 16.1
2 2.29 3 0.565 10.3 8 16.11
3 2.29 3 0.565 10.3 8 16.09
4 2.32 3 0.575 10.4 8 16.08
5 2.32 3 0.574 10.4 8 16.09
6 2.32 3 0.574 10.4 8 16.09
Description: Sample 5Ac
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.33 3 0.546 9.9 8 16.53
2 2.33 3 0.545 9.9 8 16.55
3 2.34 3 0.545 9.9 8 16.57
4 2.32 3 0.545 9.9 8 16.5
5 2.32 3 0.546 9.9 8 16.51
6 2.33 3 0.546 9.9 8 16.51
Description: Sample 5Ba
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.28 3 0.572 10.4 8 15.98
2 2.29 3 0.573 10.4 8 16
3 2.29 3 0.573 10.4 8 16.01
4 2.3 3 0.574 10.4 8 16.01
5 2.3 3 0.574 10.4 8 16.03
6 2.3 3 0.573 10.4 8 16.02
65
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 5Bb
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.34 3 0.613 11.1 8 15.64
2 2.34 3 0.615 11.2 8 15.61
3 2.35 3 0.615 11.2 8 15.65
4 2.37 3 0.69 12.5 8 14.83
5 2.36 3 0.616 11.2 8 15.66
6 2.36 3 0.616 11.2 8 15.66
Description: Sample 5Bc
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.93 4 0.61 11.1 8 14.24
2 1.93 4 0.61 11.1 8 14.24
3 1.94 4 0.611 11.1 8 14.24
4 1.91 4 0.608 11 8 14.19
5 1.94 4 0.611 11.1 8 14.24
6 1.93 4 0.61 11.1 8 14.25
Description: Sample 6Aa
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.97 4 0.589 10.7 8 14.6
2 1.97 4 0.59 10.7 8 14.59
3 1.98 4 0.59 10.7 8 14.64
4 2.06 4 0.609 11.1 8 14.67
5 2.06 4 0.608 11 8 14.7
6 2.05 4 0.608 11 8 14.68
Description: Sample 6Ab
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.77 4 0.625 11.4 8 13.44
2 1.77 4 0.624 11.3 8 13.43
3 1.77 4 0.625 11.4 8 13.44
4 1.87 4 0.662 12 8 13.41
5 1.87 4 0.663 12.1 8 13.42
6 1.87 4 0.663 12.1 8 13.39
66
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 6Ac
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.96 4 0.579 10.5 8 14.68
2 1.97 4 0.581 10.6 8 14.69
3 1.96 4 0.58 10.5 8 14.69
4 1.96 4 0.58 10.5 8 14.69
5 1.97 4 0.582 10.6 8 14.7
6 1.96 4 0.581 10.6 8 14.65
Description: Sample 6Ba
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.01 4 0.546 9.8 7.9 15.77
2 2.02 4 0.545 9.8 7.9 15.83
3 2.02 4 0.545 9.8 7.9 15.83
4 2.01 4 0.545 9.8 7.9 15.81
5 2.02 4 0.545 9.8 7.9 15.83
6 2.02 4 0.545 9.8 7.9 15.83
Description: Sample 6Bb
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.75 4 0.593 10.8 8 13.68
2 1.75 4 0.593 10.8 8 13.68
3 1.75 4 0.593 10.8 8 13.69
4 1.78 4 0.601 10.9 8 13.71
5 1.78 4 0.6 10.9 8 13.74
6 1.79 4 0.601 10.9 8 13.76
Description: Sample 6Bc
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.12 3 0.55 10 8 15.66
2 2.13 3 0.551 10 8 15.67
3 2.13 3 0.55 10 8 15.67
4 2.16 3 0.562 10.2 8 15.64
5 2.17 3 0.563 10.2 8 15.64
6 2.17 3 0.563 10.2 8 15.66
67
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 7Aa
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.58 4 0.556 10.1 8 13.58
2 1.57 4 0.556 10.1 8 13.55
3 1.57 4 0.556 10.1 8 13.55
4 1.47 4 0.516 9.3 8 13.57
5 1.48 4 0.517 9.4 8 13.61
6 1.47 4 0.517 9.4 8 13.59
Description: Sample 7Ab
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.45 4 0.531 9.6 8 13.23
2 1.44 4 0.53 9.6 8 13.21
3 1.46 4 0.531 9.6 8 13.25
4 1.45 4 0.532 9.7 8 13.2
5 1.45 4 0.531 9.6 8 13.2
6 1.46 4 0.531 9.6 8 13.25
Description: Sample 7Ac
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.65 4 0.531 9.6 8 14.1
2 1.65 4 0.531 9.6 8 14.1
3 1.65 4 0.531 9.6 8 14.12
4 1.63 4 0.521 9.5 8 14.14
5 1.63 4 0.521 9.5 8 14.14
6 1.62 4 0.521 9.5 8 14.13
Description: Sample 7Ba
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.19 4 0.492 8.9 8 12.42
2 1.19 4 0.492 8.9 8 12.46
3 1.19 4 0.492 8.9 8 12.45
4 1.15 4 0.478 8.7 8 12.39
5 1.15 4 0.477 8.7 8 12.42
6 1.15 4 0.477 8.7 8 12.43
68
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 7Bb
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.29 4 0.565 10.3 8 12.01
2 1.28 4 0.565 10.3 8 12.01
3 1.29 4 0.565 10.3 8 12.02
4 1.26 4 0.551 10 8 12.05
5 1.27 4 0.553 10.1 8 12.06
6 1.26 4 0.551 10 8 12.05
Description: Sample 7Bc
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.73 4 0.546 9.9 8 14.19
2 1.74 4 0.548 10 8 14.2
3 1.74 4 0.546 9.9 8 14.2
4 1.58 4 0.502 9.1 8 14.14
5 1.58 4 0.501 9.1 8 14.13
6 1.57 4 0.501 9.1 8 14.1
Description: Sample 8Aa
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.8 4 0.538 9.8 8 14.66
2 1.8 4 0.538 9.8 8 14.64
3 1.81 4 0.538 9.8 8 14.67
4 1.78 4 0.528 9.6 8 14.69
5 1.77 4 0.528 9.6 8 14.67
6 1.8 4 0.53 9.6 8 14.74
Description: Sample 8Ab
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.04 4 0.553 10 8 15.45
2 2.04 4 0.552 10 8 15.47
3 2.04 4 0.552 10 8 15.48
4 2.03 4 0.551 10 8 15.46
5 2.03 4 0.551 10 8 15.46
6 2.04 4 0.552 10 8 15.47
69
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 8Ac
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.27 3 0.563 10.2 8 16.16
2 2.28 3 0.563 10.2 8 16.19
3 2.27 3 0.563 10.2 8 16.17
4 2.27 3 0.565 10.2 8 16.14
5 2.27 3 0.563 10.2 8 16.16
6 2.26 3 0.563 10.2 8 16.14
Description: Sample 8Ba
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.5 2 0.576 10.3 7.9 17.22
2 2.52 2 0.576 10.3 7.9 17.3
3 2.52 2 0.574 10.3 7.9 17.31
4 2.38 3 0.551 9.8 7.9 17.16
5 2.4 2 0.552 9.9 7.9 17.24
6 2.39 3 0.552 9.9 7.9 17.19
Description: Sample 8Bb
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.4 3 0.569 10.2 7.9 16.96
2 2.42 2 0.57 10.2 7.9 17.01
3 2.4 3 0.57 10.2 7.9 16.94
4 2.33 3 0.56 10 7.9 16.84
5 2.33 3 0.56 10 7.9 16.86
6 2.31 3 0.559 10 7.9 16.79
Description: Sample 8Bc
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.04 4 0.56 10 7.9 15.78
2 2.04 4 0.56 10 7.9 15.78
3 2.04 4 0.56 10 7.9 15.78
4 2.09 4 0.55 9.8 7.9 16.12
5 2.1 3 0.549 9.8 7.9 16.18
6 2.11 3 0.549 9.8 7.9 16.2
70
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 9Aa
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.64 1 0.64 11.6 8 16.18
2 2.68 1 0.643 11.7 8 16.26
3 2.67 1 0.641 11.7 8 16.25
4 2.69 1 0.648 11.8 8 16.23
5 2.69 1 0.648 11.8 8 16.25
6 2.69 1 0.648 11.8 8 16.25
Description: Sample 9Ab
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.48 2 0.666 12.1 8 15.46
2 2.48 2 0.666 12.1 8 15.45
3 2.47 2 0.666 12.1 8 15.42
4 2.36 3 0.631 11.5 8 15.47
5 2.37 3 0.632 11.5 8 15.5
6 2.37 3 0.632 11.5 8 15.5
Description: Sample 9Ac
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.75 1 0.655 11.9 8 16.4
2 2.72 1 0.653 11.9 8 16.33
3 2.74 1 0.655 11.9 8 16.39
4 2.75 1 0.653 11.9 8 16.43
5 2.74 1 0.652 11.9 8 16.41
6 2.75 1 0.652 11.9 8 16.43
Description: Sample 9Ba
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.81 1 0.6 10.9 8 17.25
2 2.81 1 0.598 10.9 8 17.26
3 2.79 1 0.6 10.9 8 17.19
4 2.84 1 0.612 11.1 8 17.17
5 2.85 1 0.612 11.1 8 17.19
6 2.85 1 0.612 11.1 8 17.2
71
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 9Bb
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.62 1 0.587 10.7 8 16.85
2 2.62 1 0.587 10.7 8 16.84
3 2.6 1 0.586 10.7 8 16.79
4 2.67 1 0.607 11 8 16.72
5 2.68 1 0.607 11 8 16.75
6 2.68 1 0.607 11 8 16.75
Description: Sample 9Bc
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.74 1 0.616 11.2 8 16.81
2 2.75 1 0.616 11.2 8 16.83
3 2.76 1 0.619 11.3 8 16.82
4 2.82 1 0.631 11.5 8 16.83
5 2.8 1 0.629 11.4 8 16.83
6 2.81 1 0.63 11.5 8 16.84
Description: Sample 10Aa
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.88 4 0.516 9.4 8 15.28
2 1.88 4 0.516 9.4 8 15.28
3 1.87 4 0.516 9.4 8 15.25
4 1.89 4 0.522 9.5 8 15.24
5 1.91 4 0.522 9.5 8 15.3
6 1.91 4 0.521 9.5 8 15.31
Description: Sample 10Ab
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.73 4 0.52 9.4 8 14.6
2 1.73 4 0.521 9.5 8 14.57
3 1.73 4 0.521 9.5 8 14.6
4 1.73 4 0.521 9.5 8 14.6
5 1.73 4 0.521 9.5 8 14.57
6 1.72 4 0.52 9.4 8 14.57
72
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 10Ac
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.82 4 0.532 9.7 8 14.79
2 1.82 4 0.532 9.7 8 14.78
3 1.8 4 0.531 9.6 8 14.74
4 1.81 4 0.531 9.6 8 14.79
5 1.82 4 0.532 9.7 8 14.81
6 1.82 4 0.532 9.7 8 14.81
Description: Sample 10Ba
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.88 4 0.511 9.1 7.9 15.83
2 1.88 4 0.511 9.1 7.9 15.83
3 1.89 4 0.512 9.2 7.9 15.86
4 1.86 4 0.51 9.1 7.9 15.77
5 1.87 4 0.511 9.1 7.9 15.79
6 1.87 4 0.511 9.1 7.9 15.8
Description: Sample 10Bb
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.79 4 0.52 9.3 7.9 15.31
2 1.8 4 0.52 9.3 7.9 15.36
3 1.8 4 0.52 9.3 7.9 15.38
4 1.75 4 0.568 10.1 7.9 14.5
5 1.79 4 0.52 9.3 7.9 15.32
6 1.8 4 0.52 9.3 7.9 15.35
Description: Sample 10Bc
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.71 4 0.538 9.6 7.9 14.77
2 1.71 4 0.538 9.6 7.9 14.76
3 1.71 4 0.539 9.6 7.9 14.74
4 1.79 4 0.541 9.7 7.9 15.05
5 1.8 4 0.543 9.7 7.9 15.08
6 1.81 4 0.543 9.7 7.9 15.11
73
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 11Ab
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.22 4 0.539 9.8 8 12.06
2 1.22 4 0.537 9.8 8 12.06
3 1.22 4 0.537 9.8 8 12.07
4 1.22 4 0.539 9.8 8 12.05
5 1.22 4 0.537 9.8 8 12.06
6 1.22 4 0.537 9.8 8 12.07
Description: Sample 11Ac
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.42 4 0.541 9.8 8 12.94
2 1.42 4 0.541 9.8 8 12.95
3 1.42 4 0.542 9.8 8 12.93
4 1.41 4 0.541 9.8 8 12.93
5 1.42 4 0.542 9.8 8 12.94
6 1.41 4 0.541 9.8 8 12.91
Description: Sample 11Ba
Units: English E [Mpsi] Distance [in, ft]
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.44 4 0.53 9.6 8 13.21
2 1.44 4 0.53 9.6 8 13.2
3 1.44 4 0.532 9.7 8 13.22
4 1.45 4 0.533 9.7 8 13.21
5 1.45 4 0.533 9.7 8 13.23
6 1.45 4 0.533 9.7 8 13.23
Description: Sample 11Bb
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.19 4 0.511 9.3 8 12.24
2 1.19 4 0.513 9.3 8 12.24
3 1.2 4 0.511 9.3 8 12.27
4 1.18 4 0.501 9.1 8 12.3
5 1.18 4 0.5 9.1 8 12.31
6 1.17 4 0.5 9.1 8 12.29
74
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 11Bc
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.66 4 0.523 9.5 8 14.29
2 1.65 4 0.521 9.5 8 14.28
3 1.66 4 0.523 9.5 8 14.3
4 1.71 4 0.529 9.6 8 14.39
5 1.71 4 0.529 9.6 8 14.4
6 1.71 4 0.529 9.6 8 14.41
Description: Sample 12Aa
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.23 3 0.548 10 8 16.18
2 2.22 3 0.549 10 8 16.13
3 2.22 3 0.548 10 8 16.15
4 2.11 3 0.515 9.4 8 16.24
5 2.11 3 0.518 9.4 8 16.19
6 2.11 3 0.515 9.4 8 16.24
Description: Sample 12Ab
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.58 2 0.579 10.5 8 16.92
2 2.6 2 0.579 10.5 8 16.99
3 2.58 2 0.579 10.5 8 16.94
4 2.52 2 0.571 10.4 8 16.86
5 2.51 2 0.571 10.4 8 16.81
6 2.53 2 0.572 10.4 8 16.86
Description: Sample 12Ac
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.25 3 0.56 10.2 8 16.08
2 2.25 3 0.558 10.1 8 16.11
3 2.25 3 0.558 10.1 8 16.11
4 2.25 3 0.552 10 8 16.19
5 2.24 3 0.551 10 8 16.16
6 2.25 3 0.552 10 8 16.21
75
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 12Ba
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.64 4 0.53 9.6 8 14.1
2 1.65 4 0.532 9.7 8 14.12
3 1.64 4 0.53 9.6 8 14.12
4 1.58 4 0.513 9.3 8 14.08
5 1.59 4 0.514 9.3 8 14.12
6 1.59 4 0.514 9.3 8 14.12
Description: Sample 12Bb
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.49 4 0.534 9.7 8 13.4
2 1.5 4 0.534 9.7 8 13.44
3 1.5 4 0.534 9.7 8 13.46
4 1.52 4 0.537 9.8 8 13.5
5 1.53 4 0.538 9.8 8 13.51
6 1.52 4 0.538 9.8 8 13.48
Description: Sample 12Bc
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.43 4 0.483 8.8 8 13.77
2 1.42 4 0.483 8.8 8 13.75
3 1.43 4 0.485 8.8 8 13.8
4 1.45 4 0.485 8.8 8 13.87
5 1.44 4 0.485 8.8 8 13.84
6 1.45 4 0.483 8.8 8 13.88
Description: Sample 13Aa
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.49 2 0.639 11.6 8 15.83
2 2.48 2 0.639 11.6 8 15.79
3 2.5 2 0.641 11.6 8 15.85
4 2.39 3 0.614 11.2 8 15.81
5 2.38 3 0.614 11.2 8 15.77
6 2.38 3 0.613 11.1 8 15.82
76
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 13Ab
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.11 3 0.593 10.8 8 15.13
2 2.13 3 0.595 10.8 8 15.18
3 2.12 3 0.595 10.8 8 15.14
4 2.11 3 0.59 10.7 8 15.15
5 2.12 3 0.591 10.7 8 15.2
6 2.12 3 0.591 10.7 8 15.18
Description: Sample 13Ac
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.19 3 0.593 10.8 8 15.42
2 2.21 3 0.593 10.8 8 15.47
3 2.2 3 0.591 10.7 8 15.47
4 2.12 3 0.57 10.4 8 15.46
5 2.11 3 0.57 10.4 8 15.44
6 2.13 3 0.57 10.4 8 15.49
Description: Sample 13Ab
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.11 3 0.593 10.8 8 15.13
2 2.13 3 0.595 10.8 8 15.18
3 2.12 3 0.595 10.8 8 15.14
4 2.11 3 0.59 10.7 8 15.15
5 2.12 3 0.591 10.7 8 15.2
6 2.12 3 0.591 10.7 8 15.18
Description: Sample 13Ac
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.19 3 0.593 10.8 8 15.42
2 2.21 3 0.593 10.8 8 15.47
3 2.2 3 0.591 10.7 8 15.47
4 2.12 3 0.57 10.4 8 15.46
5 2.11 3 0.57 10.4 8 15.44
6 2.13 3 0.57 10.4 8 15.49
77
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 13Ba
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.7 1 0.647 11.8 8 16.39
2 2.69 1 0.646 11.7 8 16.38
3 2.71 1 0.646 11.7 8 16.42
4 2.83 1 0.679 12.3 8 16.37
5 2.82 1 0.679 12.3 8 16.35
6 2.81 1 0.678 12.3 8 16.32
Description: Sample 13Bb
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.82 4 0.615 11.2 8 13.79
2 1.82 4 0.614 11.2 8 13.8
3 1.8 4 0.614 11.2 8 13.74
4 1.83 4 0.659 12 8 13.35
5 1.94 4 0.66 12 8 13.74
6 1.93 4 0.657 11.9 8 13.75
Description: Sample 13Bc
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.24 3 0.684 12.4 8 14.51
2 2.24 3 0.684 12.4 8 14.53
3 2.24 3 0.683 12.4 8 14.52
4 2.2 3 0.676 12.3 8 14.47
5 2.21 3 0.676 12.3 8 14.48
6 2.19 3 0.675 12.3 8 14.45
Description: Sample 14Aa
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 3.18 1 0.726 13.2 8 16.76
2 3.18 1 0.726 13.2 8 16.76
3 3.2 1 0.727 13.2 8 16.78
4 3.13 1 0.713 13 8 16.78
5 3.13 1 0.713 13 8 16.77
6 3.14 1 0.712 12.9 8 16.8
78
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 14Ab
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.7 1 0.695 12.6 8 15.78
2 2.71 1 0.697 12.7 8 15.78
3 2.71 1 0.697 12.7 8 15.77
4 2.79 1 0.716 13 8 15.8
5 2.78 1 0.716 13 8 15.78
6 2.79 1 0.714 13 8 15.82
Description: Sample 14Ac
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.49 2 0.643 11.7 8 15.73
2 2.48 2 0.643 11.7 8 15.72
3 2.49 2 0.642 11.7 8 15.75
4 2.52 2 0.659 12 8 15.66
5 2.53 2 0.657 11.9 8 15.7
6 2.52 2 0.657 11.9 8 15.66
Description: Sample 14Ba
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.72 1 0.622 11.3 8 16.74
2 2.74 1 0.623 11.3 8 16.79
3 2.74 1 0.623 11.3 8 16.8
4 2.74 1 0.624 11.3 8 16.76
5 2.74 1 0.624 11.3 8 16.76
6 2.76 1 0.627 11.4 8 16.8
Description: Sample 14Bb
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 3.03 1 0.67 12.2 8 17.03
2 3.03 1 0.669 12.2 8 17.05
3 3.02 1 0.669 12.2 8 17.02
4 3.06 1 0.676 12.3 8 17.01
5 3.06 1 0.678 12.3 8 17.01
6 3.06 1 0.676 12.3 8 17.02
79
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 14Bc
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.96 1 0.652 11.9 8 17.04
2 2.97 1 0.653 11.9 8 17.05
3 2.95 1 0.653 11.9 8 17.01
4 3.04 1 0.679 12.3 8 16.93
5 3.06 1 0.679 12.3 8 16.99
6 3.06 1 0.679 12.3 8 16.99
Description: Sample 15Aa
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.75 1 0.611 11.1 8 16.98
2 2.73 1 0.611 11.1 8 16.92
3 2.73 1 0.611 11.1 8 16.93
4 2.75 1 0.611 11.1 8 16.97
5 2.75 1 0.611 11.1 8 16.99
6 2.75 1 0.61 11.1 8 16.99
Description: Sample 15Ab
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.61 1 0.63 11.4 8 16.28
2 2.61 1 0.63 11.4 8 16.3
3 2.59 2 0.63 11.4 8 16.24
4 2.6 1 0.629 11.4 8 16.28
5 2.61 1 0.63 11.4 8 16.3
6 2.62 1 0.63 11.4 8 16.31
Description: Sample 15Ac
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 3.15 1 0.669 12.2 8 17.36
2 3.16 1 0.67 12.2 8 17.36
3 3.15 1 0.67 12.2 8 17.34
4 3.19 1 0.75 13.6 8 16.5
5 3.15 1 0.669 12.2 8 17.36
6 3.16 1 0.67 12.2 8 17.36
80
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 15Ba
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.78 1 0.603 11 8 17.19
2 2.8 1 0.601 10.9 8 17.28
3 2.83 1 0.601 10.9 8 17.37
4 2.66 1 0.575 10.4 8 17.22
5 2.64 1 0.573 10.4 8 17.18
6 2.65 1 0.573 10.4 8 17.22
Description: Sample 15Bb
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.47 2 0.567 10.3 8 16.71
2 2.47 2 0.567 10.3 8 16.71
3 2.45 2 0.567 10.3 8 16.64
4 2.38 3 0.551 10 8 16.63
5 2.38 3 0.551 10 8 16.64
6 2.38 3 0.549 10 8 16.66
Description: Sample 15Bc
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.01 4 0.577 10.5 8 14.95
2 2 4 0.576 10.5 8 14.93
3 2.01 4 0.576 10.5 8 14.94
4 1.99 4 0.57 10.4 8 14.94
5 1.98 4 0.568 10.3 8 14.95
6 1.98 4 0.568 10.3 8 14.94
Description: Sample 16Aa
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.01 4 0.518 9.4 8 15.76
2 2.01 4 0.518 9.4 8 15.76
3 2.02 4 0.518 9.4 8 15.82
4 1.92 4 0.504 9.2 8 15.61
5 1.92 4 0.504 9.2 8 15.62
6 1.92 4 0.504 9.2 8 15.61
81
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 16Ab
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.93 4 0.529 9.6 8 15.29
2 1.94 4 0.53 9.6 8 15.29
3 1.94 4 0.53 9.6 8 15.3
4 1.91 4 0.518 9.4 8 15.37
5 1.91 4 0.518 9.4 8 15.37
6 1.9 4 0.518 9.4 8 15.33
Description: Sample 16Ba
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.12 3 0.558 10.1 8 15.61
2 2.12 3 0.558 10.1 8 15.64
3 2.12 3 0.558 10.1 8 15.62
4 2.08 4 0.549 10 8 15.6
5 2.08 4 0.549 10 8 15.59
6 2.09 4 0.549 10 8 15.62
Description: Sample 16Bb
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.15 3 0.557 10.1 8 15.75
2 2.16 3 0.558 10.1 8 15.78
3 2.15 3 0.558 10.1 8 15.72
4 2.08 4 0.537 9.8 8 15.77
5 2.07 4 0.537 9.8 8 15.74
6 2.08 4 0.538 9.8 8 15.77
Description: Sample 17Aa
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.22 4 0.506 9.2 8 12.47
2 1.23 4 0.506 9.2 8 12.48
3 1.22 4 0.506 9.2 8 12.47
4 1.24 4 0.514 9.3 8 12.48
5 1.24 4 0.513 9.3 8 12.48
6 1.24 4 0.513 9.3 8 12.49
82
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 17Ab
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.2 4 0.542 9.8 8 11.94
2 1.2 4 0.539 9.8 8 11.95
3 1.2 4 0.541 9.8 8 11.96
4 1.22 4 0.548 10 8 11.94
5 1.21 4 0.547 9.9 8 11.94
6 1.21 4 0.547 9.9 8 11.94
Description: Sample 17Ac
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.25 4 0.505 9.2 8 12.64
2 1.25 4 0.505 9.2 8 12.64
3 1.24 4 0.504 9.2 8 12.6
4 1.29 4 0.52 9.5 8 12.65
5 1.29 4 0.519 9.4 8 12.66
6 1.29 4 0.519 9.4 8 12.66
Description: Sample 17Ba
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.82 4 0.481 8.7 8 15.59
2 1.82 4 0.481 8.7 8 15.61
3 1.82 4 0.481 8.7 8 15.59
4 1.87 4 0.496 9 8 15.56
5 1.87 4 0.496 9 8 15.55
6 1.86 4 0.496 9 8 15.55
Description: Sample 17Bb
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.72 4 0.514 9.3 8 14.66
2 1.72 4 0.514 9.3 8 14.66
3 1.71 4 0.514 9.3 8 14.64
4 1.79 4 0.519 9.4 8 14.88
5 1.78 4 0.519 9.4 8 14.85
6 1.79 4 0.519 9.4 8 14.87
83
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 17Bc
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.97 4 0.513 9.3 8 15.74
2 1.98 4 0.513 9.3 8 15.74
3 1.97 4 0.513 9.3 8 15.72
4 1.97 4 0.519 9.4 8 15.61
5 1.97 4 0.519 9.4 8 15.63
6 1.97 4 0.519 9.4 8 15.64
Description: Sample 18Aa
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.27 3 0.575 10.4 8 15.95
2 2.29 3 0.575 10.4 8 16.01
3 2.29 3 0.575 10.4 8 16
4 2.37 3 0.579 10.5 8 16.21
5 2.36 3 0.579 10.5 8 16.21
6 2.35 3 0.579 10.5 8 16.16
Description: Sample 18Ab
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.36 3 0.595 10.8 8 15.98
2 2.36 3 0.594 10.8 8 15.98
3 2.36 3 0.595 10.8 8 15.98
4 2.39 3 0.603 11 8 15.97
5 2.4 3 0.604 11 8 15.97
6 2.4 3 0.604 11 8 15.97
Description: Sample 18Ac
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.43 2 0.59 10.7 8 16.26
2 2.44 2 0.593 10.8 8 16.28
3 2.41 2 0.591 10.7 8 16.2
4 2.44 2 0.591 10.7 8 16.27
5 2.44 2 0.591 10.7 8 16.27
6 2.43 2 0.59 10.7 8 16.26
84
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 18Ba
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.96 4 0.598 10.9 8 14.52
2 1.95 4 0.598 10.9 8 14.5
3 1.95 4 0.596 10.8 8 14.51
4 2 4 0.596 10.8 8 14.67
5 2 4 0.596 10.8 8 14.67
6 1.99 4 0.596 10.8 8 14.64
Description: Sample 18Bb
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.83 4 0.595 10.8 8 14.07
2 1.83 4 0.594 10.8 8 14.07
3 1.84 4 0.595 10.8 8 14.1
4 1.84 4 0.595 10.8 8 14.12
5 1.84 4 0.595 10.8 8 14.11
6 1.85 4 0.594 10.8 8 14.15
Description: Sample 18Bc
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.94 4 0.591 10.7 8 14.54
2 1.95 4 0.591 10.7 8 14.54
3 1.94 4 0.591 10.7 8 14.51
4 2.74 1 0.609 11.1 8 17.01
5 1.96 4 0.586 10.7 8 14.68
6 1.95 4 0.586 10.7 8 14.63
7 1.97 4 0.585 10.6 8 14.71
Description: Sample 19Aa
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.21 3 0.562 10.2 8 15.85
2 2.2 3 0.562 10.2 8 15.84
3 2.21 3 0.563 10.2 8 15.86
4 2.31 3 0.59 10.7 8 15.84
5 2.29 3 0.589 10.7 8 15.8
6 2.32 3 0.59 10.7 8 15.87
85
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 19Ab
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.39 3 0.601 10.9 8 15.96
2 2.4 2 0.603 11 8 15.98
3 2.4 3 0.601 10.9 8 15.97
4 2.53 2 0.636 11.6 8 15.97
5 2.51 2 0.636 11.6 8 15.91
6 2.53 2 0.634 11.5 8 15.98
Description: Sample 19Ac
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.39 3 0.568 10.3 8 16.42
2 2.39 3 0.568 10.3 8 16.42
3 2.39 3 0.568 10.3 8 16.41
4 2.44 2 0.585 10.6 8 16.34
5 2.46 2 0.585 10.6 8 16.41
6 2.46 2 0.585 10.6 8 16.42
Description: Sample 19Ba
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.5 2 0.535 9.7 8 17.29
2 2.49 2 0.534 9.7 8 17.29
3 2.5 2 0.534 9.7 8 17.3
4 2.5 2 0.535 9.7 8 17.3
5 2.5 2 0.535 9.7 8 17.3
6 2.5 2 0.535 9.7 8 17.3
Description: Sample 19Bb
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.44 2 0.561 10.2 8 16.69
2 2.44 2 0.561 10.2 8 16.7
3 2.46 2 0.562 10.2 8 16.76
4 2.48 2 0.562 10.2 8 16.82
5 2.49 2 0.563 10.2 8 16.82
6 2.48 2 0.562 10.2 8 16.82
86
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 19Bc
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.06 4 0.532 9.7 8 15.76
2 2.06 4 0.529 9.6 8 15.79
3 2.07 4 0.53 9.6 8 15.8
4 2.07 4 0.538 9.8 8 15.71
5 2.1 4 0.541 9.8 8 15.77
6 2.1 3 0.541 9.8 8 15.79
Description: Sample 20Aa
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.93 4 0.599 10.9 8 14.38
2 1.93 4 0.598 10.9 8 14.38
3 1.93 4 0.598 10.9 8 14.39
4 1.94 4 0.596 10.8 8 14.43
5 1.95 4 0.596 10.8 8 14.46
6 1.94 4 0.595 10.8 8 14.47
Description: Sample 20Ab
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.74 4 0.601 10.9 8 13.75
2 1.74 4 0.601 10.9 8 13.75
3 1.74 4 0.599 10.8 8 13.76
4 1.68 4 0.635 11.5 8 13.11
5 1.74 4 0.599 10.8 8 13.75
6 1.74 4 0.599 10.8 8 13.75
Description: Sample 20Ac
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.76 4 0.601 10.9 8 13.83
2 1.76 4 0.601 10.9 8 13.83
3 1.77 4 0.602 10.9 8 13.85
4 1.7 4 0.606 11 8 13.52
5 1.7 4 0.607 11 8 13.52
6 1.71 4 0.608 11 8 13.52
87
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 20Ba
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.58 2 0.608 11.1 8 16.42
2 2.58 2 0.607 11 8 16.41
3 2.58 2 0.607 11 8 16.43
4 2.51 2 0.613 11.2 8 16.11
5 2.51 2 0.613 11.2 8 16.12
6 2.49 2 0.613 11.2 8 16.05
Description: Sample 20Bb
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.44 2 0.601 10.9 8 16.04
2 2.43 2 0.601 10.9 8 16.01
3 2.44 2 0.601 10.9 8 16.05
4 2.38 3 0.601 10.9 8 15.87
5 2.39 3 0.601 10.9 8 15.88
6 2.37 3 0.601 10.9 8 15.82
Description: Sample 20Bc
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.43 2 0.596 10.7 7.9 16.6
2 2.44 2 0.595 10.7 7.9 16.65
3 2.42 2 0.594 10.6 7.9 16.61
4 2.43 2 0.595 10.7 7.9 16.64
5 2.42 2 0.594 10.6 7.9 16.6
6 2.43 2 0.594 10.6 7.9 16.65
Description: Sample 21Aa
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.11 3 0.631 11.5 8 14.65
2 2.11 3 0.631 11.5 8 14.63
3 2.12 3 0.632 11.5 8 14.67
4 1.98 4 0.593 10.8 8 14.63
5 2 4 0.595 10.8 8 14.66
6 2 4 0.595 10.8 8 14.67
88
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 21Ab
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.61 4 0.618 11.2 8 12.93
2 1.61 4 0.618 11.2 8 12.93
3 1.61 4 0.618 11.2 8 12.92
4 1.51 4 0.579 10.5 8 12.95
5 1.51 4 0.579 10.5 8 12.94
6 1.5 4 0.577 10.5 8 12.92
Description: Sample 21Ac
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.43 2 0.637 11.6 8 15.43
2 2.43 2 0.637 11.6 8 15.44
3 2.44 2 0.639 11.7 8 15.43
4 2.38 3 0.629 11.5 8 15.37
5 2.37 3 0.629 11.5 8 15.35
6 2.38 3 0.629 11.5 8 15.38
Description: Sample 21Ba
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.54 4 0.648 11.8 8 12.34
2 1.53 4 0.645 11.7 8 12.34
3 1.53 4 0.646 11.7 8 12.33
4 1.53 4 0.645 11.7 8 12.33
5 1.54 4 0.645 11.7 8 12.35
6 1.54 4 0.645 11.7 8 12.37
Description: Sample 21Bb
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.71 4 0.61 11.1 8 13.38
2 1.71 4 0.611 11.1 8 13.38
3 1.71 4 0.611 11.1 8 13.39
4 1.71 4 0.646 11.7 8 13
5 1.77 4 0.645 11.7 8 13.27
6 1.77 4 0.646 11.7 8 13.26
89
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 21Bc
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.44 2 0.675 12.3 8 15.03
2 2.44 2 0.675 12.3 8 15.03
3 2.45 2 0.675 12.3 8 15.05
4 2.47 2 0.68 12.4 8 15.05
5 2.46 2 0.68 12.4 8 15.04
6 2.46 2 0.68 12.4 8 15.04
Description: Sample 22Aa
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.35 3 0.521 9.5 8 16.97
2 2.35 3 0.521 9.5 8 16.98
3 2.34 3 0.521 9.5 8 16.96
4 2.36 3 0.524 9.5 8 16.99
5 2.36 3 0.525 9.5 8 16.97
6 2.35 3 0.525 9.5 8 16.94
Description: Sample 22Ab
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.29 3 0.567 10.3 8 16.11
2 2.3 3 0.566 10.3 8 16.16
3 2.29 3 0.566 10.3 8 16.14
4 2.28 3 0.563 10.2 8 16.14
5 2.27 3 0.562 10.2 8 16.11
6 2.27 3 0.562 10.2 8 16.11
Description: Sample 22Ac
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.66 4 0.521 9.5 8 14.3
2 1.67 4 0.52 9.5 8 14.34
3 1.67 4 0.521 9.5 8 14.33
4 1.71 4 0.535 9.7 8 14.3
5 1.71 4 0.534 9.7 8 14.3
6 1.71 4 0.535 9.7 8 14.31
90
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 22Ba
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.2 3 0.594 10.8 8 15.41
2 2.2 3 0.593 10.8 8 15.42
3 2.2 3 0.593 10.8 8 15.42
4 2.13 3 0.576 10.5 8 15.4
5 2.13 3 0.577 10.5 8 15.39
6 2.14 3 0.577 10.5 8 15.41
Description: Sample 22Bb
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.83 4 0.613 11.1 8 13.81
2 1.83 4 0.613 11.1 8 13.82
3 1.83 4 0.613 11.1 8 13.83
4 1.82 4 0.605 11 8 13.86
5 1.81 4 0.606 11 8 13.84
6 1.82 4 0.605 11 8 13.86
Description: Sample 22Bc
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.54 4 0.553 10.1 8 13.35
2 1.54 4 0.553 10.1 8 13.35
3 1.54 4 0.554 10.1 8 13.35
4 1.59 4 0.573 10.4 8 13.35
5 1.59 4 0.572 10.4 8 13.36
6 1.6 4 0.572 10.4 8 13.36
Description: Sample 23Aa
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.4 2 0.594 10.8 8 16.09
2 2.4 2 0.594 10.8 8 16.1
3 2.41 2 0.595 10.8 8 16.09
4 2.41 2 0.598 10.9 8 16.08
5 2.41 2 0.596 10.8 8 16.07
6 2.42 2 0.598 10.9 8 16.1
91
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 23Ab
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.35 3 0.648 11.8 8 15.23
2 2.34 3 0.646 11.7 8 15.23
3 2.36 3 0.647 11.8 8 15.3
4 2.34 3 0.646 11.7 8 15.25
5 2.35 3 0.647 11.8 8 15.24
6 2.34 3 0.647 11.8 8 15.21
Description: Sample 23Ac
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.16 3 0.646 11.7 8 14.65
2 2.16 3 0.645 11.7 8 14.64
3 2.16 3 0.646 11.7 8 14.65
4 2.13 3 0.634 11.5 8 14.68
5 2.14 3 0.633 11.5 8 14.72
6 2.14 3 0.633 11.5 8 14.72
Description: Sample 23Ba
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.52 2 0.646 11.7 8 15.79
2 2.74 1 0.645 11.7 8 16.49
3 2.64 1 0.645 11.7 8 16.19
4 2.81 1 0.674 12.2 8 16.33
5 2.8 1 0.674 12.2 8 16.33
6 2.8 1 0.672 12.2 8 16.34
Description: Sample 23Bb
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.15 3 0.673 12.2 8 14.23
2 2.13 3 0.672 12.2 8 14.18
3 2.16 3 0.673 12.2 8 14.27
4 2.2 3 0.672 12.2 8 14.44
5 2.14 3 0.678 12.3 8 14.17
6 2.14 3 0.677 12.3 8 14.17
92
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 23Bc
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.56 4 0.653 11.9 8 12.37
2 1.56 4 0.652 11.9 8 12.39
3 1.56 4 0.652 11.9 8 12.38
4 1.52 4 0.636 11.6 8 12.36
5 1.52 4 0.634 11.5 8 12.4
6 1.53 4 0.634 11.5 8 12.41
Description: Sample 24Aa
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.49 2 0.596 10.8 8 16.36
2 2.48 2 0.598 10.9 8 16.3
3 2.49 2 0.596 10.8 8 16.35
4 2.47 2 0.591 10.7 8 16.36
5 2.48 2 0.593 10.8 8 16.37
6 2.46 2 0.591 10.7 8 16.32
Description: Sample 24Ab
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.3 3 0.605 11 8 15.61
2 2.3 3 0.605 11 8 15.59
3 2.3 3 0.606 11 8 15.58
4 2.26 3 0.6 10.9 8 15.52
5 2.26 3 0.598 10.9 8 15.57
6 2.25 3 0.599 10.9 8 15.53
Description: Sample 24Ac
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.77 4 0.628 11.4 8 13.44
2 1.76 4 0.627 11.4 8 13.4
3 1.77 4 0.628 11.4 8 13.43
4 1.78 4 0.628 11.4 8 13.46
5 1.77 4 0.629 11.4 8 13.43
6 1.77 4 0.629 11.4 8 13.41
93
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 24Ba
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.4 3 0.62 11.3 8 15.76
2 2.4 3 0.62 11.3 8 15.76
3 2.39 3 0.62 11.3 8 15.73
4 2.34 3 0.612 11.1 8 15.69
5 2.35 3 0.612 11.1 8 15.7
6 2.34 3 0.612 11.1 8 15.69
Description: Sample 24Bb
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.24 3 0.601 10.9 8 15.49
2 2.25 3 0.603 11 8 15.49
3 2.26 3 0.604 11 8 15.5
4 2.12 3 0.577 10.5 8 15.36
5 2.12 3 0.577 10.5 8 15.37
6 2.12 3 0.579 10.5 8 15.37
Description: Sample 24Bc
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.33 3 0.618 11.2 8 15.56
2 2.33 3 0.618 11.2 8 15.58
3 2.33 3 0.618 11.2 8 15.57
4 2.26 3 0.609 11.1 8 15.45
5 2.27 3 0.609 11.1 8 15.49
6 2.28 3 0.61 11.1 8 15.5
Description: Sample 25Ab
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.87 4 0.513 9.3 8 15.31
2 1.9 4 0.513 9.3 8 15.43
3 1.85 4 0.513 9.3 8 15.23
4 1.85 4 0.502 9.1 8 15.37
5 1.85 4 0.502 9.1 8 15.39
6 1.85 4 0.501 9.1 8 15.39
94
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 25Ac
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.1 3 0.506 9.2 8 16.35
2 2.11 3 0.508 9.2 8 16.36
3 2.11 3 0.508 9.2 8 16.35
4 2.13 3 0.513 9.3 8 16.35
5 2.14 3 0.513 9.3 8 16.38
6 2.14 3 0.513 9.3 8 16.37
Description: Sample 25Ba
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.77 4 0.561 10.2 8 14.23
2 1.78 4 0.561 10.2 8 14.28
3 1.78 4 0.561 10.2 8 14.29
4 1.67 4 0.541 9.8 8 14.09
5 1.69 4 0.542 9.8 8 14.18
6 1.69 4 0.542 9.8 8 14.17
Description: Sample 25Bb
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.17 4 0.614 11.2 8 11.06
2 1.17 4 0.615 11.2 8 11.06
3 1.17 4 0.615 11.2 8 11.07
4 1.04 4 0.546 9.9 8 11.06
5 1.03 4 0.546 9.9 8 11.04
6 1.04 4 0.546 9.9 8 11.06
Description: Sample 25Bc
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.01 4 0.547 9.9 8 15.38
2 2.01 4 0.547 9.9 8 15.38
3 2 4 0.547 9.9 8 15.32
4 1.99 4 0.546 9.9 8 15.3
5 2 4 0.546 9.9 8 15.35
6 1.99 4 0.544 9.9 8 15.32
95
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 26Ac
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.3 4 0.562 10.2 8 12.17
2 1.29 4 0.561 10.2 8 12.18
3 1.3 4 0.561 10.2 8 12.19
4 1.24 4 0.537 9.8 8 12.17
5 1.24 4 0.537 9.8 8 12.18
6 1.23 4 0.535 9.7 8 12.16
Description: Sample 26Ab
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 0.9 8 0.537 9.8 8 10.41
2 0.9 8 0.535 9.7 8 10.4
3 0.9 8 0.537 9.8 8 10.4
4 0.86 8 0.513 9.3 8 10.4
5 0.86 8 0.511 9.3 8 10.41
6 0.86 8 0.51 9.3 8 10.41
Description: Sample 26Ac
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.3 4 0.562 10.2 8 12.17
2 1.29 4 0.561 10.2 8 12.18
3 1.3 4 0.561 10.2 8 12.19
4 1.24 4 0.537 9.8 8 12.17
5 1.24 4 0.537 9.8 8 12.18
6 1.23 4 0.535 9.7 8 12.16
Description: Sample 26Ba
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.33 4 0.468 8.5 8 13.52
2 1.33 4 0.468 8.5 8 13.52
3 1.34 4 0.469 8.5 8 13.54
4 1.31 4 0.458 8.3 8 13.57
5 1.31 4 0.458 8.3 8 13.55
6 1.31 4 0.458 8.3 8 13.54
96
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 26Bb
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.16 4 0.448 8.1 8 12.89
2 1.15 4 0.447 8.1 8 12.89
3 1.16 4 0.448 8.1 8 12.89
4 1.2 4 0.461 8.4 8 12.95
5 1.2 4 0.459 8.3 8 12.95
6 1.2 4 0.461 8.4 8 12.93
Description: Sample 26Bc
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.18 4 0.425 7.7 8 13.34
2 1.19 4 0.425 7.7 8 13.4
3 1.18 4 0.425 7.7 8 13.35
4 1.21 4 0.431 7.8 8 13.41
5 1.21 4 0.431 7.8 8 13.41
6 1.21 4 0.431 7.8 8 13.4
Description: Sample 27Aa
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.12 4 0.547 9.9 8 11.46
2 1.12 4 0.547 9.9 8 11.46
3 1.12 4 0.546 9.9 8 11.47
4 1.11 4 0.546 9.9 8 11.46
5 1.12 4 0.547 9.9 8 11.45
6 1.12 4 0.547 9.9 8 11.46
Description: Sample 27Ab
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.01 4 0.554 10.1 8 10.84
2 1.01 4 0.554 10.1 8 10.84
3 1.01 4 0.554 10.1 8 10.82
4 0.97 8 0.539 9.8 8 10.76
5 0.97 8 0.538 9.8 8 10.79
6 0.97 8 0.538 9.8 8 10.79
97
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 27Ac
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.2 4 0.537 9.7 8 12.01
2 1.19 4 0.534 9.7 8 11.99
3 1.2 4 0.535 9.7 8 12.01
4 1.19 4 0.533 9.7 8 12
5 1.19 4 0.533 9.7 8 11.97
6 1.19 4 0.534 9.7 8 11.96
Description: Sample 27Ba
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.12 3 0.505 9 7.9 16.86
2 2.11 3 0.505 9 7.9 16.8
3 2.12 3 0.505 9 7.9 16.87
4 2.17 3 0.587 10.5 7.9 15.83
5 2.11 3 0.506 9.1 7.9 16.81
6 2.12 3 0.505 9 7.9 16.87
Description: Sample 27Bb
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.67 4 0.51 9.1 7.9 14.88
2 1.67 4 0.51 9.1 7.9 14.89
3 1.68 4 0.51 9.1 7.9 14.91
4 1.65 4 0.511 9.2 7.9 14.76
5 1.65 4 0.511 9.2 7.9 14.76
6 1.66 4 0.511 9.2 7.9 14.8
Description: Sample 27Bc
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.95 4 0.514 9.2 7.9 16.03
2 1.95 4 0.514 9.2 7.9 16.03
3 1.95 4 0.514 9.2 7.9 16.02
4 2.04 4 0.541 9.7 7.9 15.99
5 2.04 4 0.541 9.7 7.9 16
6 2.05 4 0.541 9.7 7.9 16.01
98
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 28Aa
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.61 4 0.485 8.8 8 14.61
2 1.61 4 0.485 8.8 8 14.62
3 1.61 4 0.485 8.8 8 14.61
4 1.59 4 0.478 8.7 8 14.61
5 1.59 4 0.478 8.7 8 14.62
6 1.59 4 0.478 8.7 8 14.63
Description: Sample 28Ab
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.46 4 0.636 11.6 8 12.14
2 1.46 4 0.636 11.6 8 12.14
3 1.45 4 0.636 11.6 8 12.11
4 1.44 4 0.631 11.5 8 12.13
5 1.44 4 0.632 11.5 8 12.12
6 1.44 4 0.631 11.5 8 12.12
Description: Sample 28Ac
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.91 4 0.511 9.3 8 15.5
2 1.92 4 0.511 9.3 8 15.52
3 1.91 4 0.511 9.3 8 15.51
4 2 4 0.529 9.6 8 15.59
5 2 4 0.528 9.6 8 15.62
6 2 4 0.528 9.6 8 15.61
Description: Sample 28Ba
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.51 4 0.519 9.4 8 13.66
2 1.51 4 0.518 9.4 8 13.7
3 1.51 4 0.518 9.4 8 13.68
4 1.5 4 0.515 9.4 8 13.7
5 1.51 4 0.515 9.4 8 13.72
6 1.51 4 0.514 9.3 8 13.74
99
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 28Bb
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2 4 0.567 10.3 8 15.05
2 1.98 4 0.566 10.3 8 15.02
3 2 4 0.567 10.3 8 15.04
4 1.94 4 0.543 9.9 8 15.16
5 1.94 4 0.543 9.9 8 15.15
6 1.95 4 0.544 9.9 8 15.16
Description: Sample 28Bc
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.41 4 0.48 8.7 8 13.77
2 1.41 4 0.48 8.7 8 13.74
3 1.41 4 0.48 8.7 8 13.72
4 1.44 4 0.485 8.8 8 13.81
5 1.44 4 0.483 8.8 8 13.82
6 1.44 4 0.485 8.8 8 13.8
Description: Sample 29Aa
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.63 4 0.627 11.2 7.9 13.25
2 1.63 4 0.627 11.2 7.9 13.26
3 1.61 4 0.627 11.2 7.9 13.19
4 1.62 4 0.626 11.2 7.9 13.25
5 1.63 4 0.627 11.2 7.9 13.25
6 1.63 4 0.627 11.2 7.9 13.25
Description: Sample 29Ab
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.47 4 0.577 10.5 8 12.74
2 1.44 4 0.577 10.5 8 12.61
3 1.44 4 0.577 10.5 8 12.59
4 1.46 4 0.581 10.6 8 12.65
5 1.46 4 0.581 10.6 8 12.62
6 1.46 4 0.579 10.5 8 12.65
100
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 29Ac
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.02 4 0.587 10.7 8 14.78
2 2.02 4 0.588 10.7 8 14.78
3 2.01 4 0.588 10.7 8 14.73
4 2.07 4 0.597 10.9 8 14.84
5 2.06 4 0.596 10.8 8 14.83
6 2.07 4 0.596 10.8 8 14.85
Description: Sample 29Ba
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.16 3 0.567 10.1 7.9 16.06
2 2.18 3 0.565 10.1 7.9 16.14
3 2.17 3 0.564 10.1 7.9 16.15
4 2.16 3 0.576 10.3 7.9 15.94
5 2.16 3 0.576 10.3 7.9 15.95
6 2.16 3 0.574 10.3 7.9 15.96
Description: Sample 29Bb
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.76 4 0.553 10.1 8 14.24
2 1.77 4 0.555 10.1 8 14.24
3 1.77 4 0.554 10.1 8 14.25
4 1.77 4 0.555 10.1 8 14.24
5 1.76 4 0.553 10.1 8 14.24
6 1.77 4 0.555 10.1 8 14.25
Description: Sample 29Bc
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.07 4 0.56 10.2 8 15.33
2 2.07 4 0.559 10.2 8 15.34
3 2.06 4 0.56 10.2 8 15.29
4 2.1 4 0.57 10.4 8 15.28
5 2.12 3 0.57 10.4 8 15.35
6 2.08 4 0.57 10.4 8 15.22
101
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 30Aa
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.04 4 0.524 9.5 8 15.86
2 2.04 4 0.524 9.5 8 15.86
3 2.04 4 0.524 9.5 8 15.86
4 2.04 4 0.524 9.5 8 15.86
5 2.04 4 0.524 9.5 8 15.86
6 2.04 4 0.524 9.5 8 15.86
Description: Sample 30Ab
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.8 4 0.48 8.7 8 15.57
2 1.8 4 0.48 8.7 8 15.57
3 1.8 4 0.48 8.7 8 15.57
4 1.8 4 0.48 8.7 8 15.57
5 1.8 4 0.48 8.7 8 15.57
6 1.8 4 0.48 8.7 8 15.57
Description: Sample 30Ac
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.05 4 0.528 9.6 8 15.85
2 2.05 4 0.528 9.6 8 15.85
3 2.05 4 0.528 9.6 8 15.85
4 2.06 4 0.528 9.6 8 15.85
5 2.06 4 0.528 9.6 8 15.85
6 2.06 4 0.528 9.6 8 15.85
Description: Sample 30Ba
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.92 4 0.578 10.5 8 14.56
2 1.92 4 0.577 10.5 8 14.57
3 1.92 4 0.577 10.5 8 14.58
4 1.86 4 0.559 10.2 8 14.58
5 1.86 4 0.559 10.2 8 14.58
6 1.85 4 0.56 10.2 8 14.54
102
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 30Bb
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.43 4 0.54 9.8 8 13.02
2 1.42 4 0.539 9.8 8 12.99
3 1.44 4 0.54 9.8 8 13.03
5 1.35 4 0.511 9.3 8 12.99
6 1.35 4 0.51 9.3 8 13.02
7 1.35 4 0.51 9.3 8 13.02
Description: Sample 30Bc
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.66 4 0.553 10.1 8 13.85
2 1.66 4 0.554 10.1 8 13.85
3 1.66 4 0.553 10.1 8 13.86
4 1.64 4 0.546 9.9 8 13.86
5 1.64 4 0.546 9.9 8 13.85
6 1.65 4 0.545 9.9 8 13.88
Description: Sample 31Aa
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.57 2 0.627 11.4 8 16.11
2 2.57 2 0.627 11.4 8 16.13
3 2.57 2 0.627 11.4 8 16.13
4 2.55 2 0.625 11.4 8 16.11
5 2.56 2 0.627 11.4 8 16.11
6 2.56 2 0.627 11.4 8 16.11
Description: Sample 31Ab
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.36 3 0.635 11.6 8 15.35
2 2.36 3 0.634 11.5 8 15.36
3 2.34 3 0.632 11.5 8 15.33
4 2.53 2 0.678 12.3 8 15.4
5 2.54 2 0.679 12.4 8 15.4
6 2.53 2 0.678 12.3 8 15.4
103
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 31Ac
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.29 3 0.636 11.6 8 15.13
2 2.31 3 0.637 11.6 8 15.15
3 2.31 3 0.637 11.6 8 15.15
4 2.3 3 0.636 11.6 8 15.14
5 2.3 3 0.639 11.6 8 15.13
6 2.31 3 0.637 11.6 8 15.15
Description: Sample 31Ba
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.35 3 0.697 12.7 8 14.63
2 2.35 3 0.696 12.7 8 14.65
3 2.35 3 0.694 12.6 8 14.65
4 2.36 3 0.698 12.7 8 14.64
5 2.36 3 0.697 12.7 8 14.66
6 2.36 3 0.696 12.7 8 14.66
Description: Sample 31Bb
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.9 4 0.749 13.6 8 12.68
2 1.9 4 0.749 13.6 8 12.69
3 1.89 4 0.749 13.6 8 12.67
4 1.9 4 0.75 13.6 8 12.69
5 1.9 4 0.749 13.6 8 12.69
6 1.9 4 0.749 13.6 8 12.7
Description: Sample 31Bc
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.68 4 0.667 12.1 8 12.67
2 1.7 4 0.669 12.2 8 12.7
3 1.7 4 0.669 12.2 8 12.7
4 1.7 4 0.669 12.2 8 12.7
5 1.69 4 0.667 12.1 8 12.68
6 1.7 4 0.668 12.2 8 12.7
104
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 32Aa
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] Freq. [Hz]
[ft]
1 2.57 2 0.673 12.1 7.9 15.86
2 2.57 2 0.674 12.1 7.9 15.87
3 2.57 2 0.674 12.1 7.9 15.87
4 2.52 2 0.66 11.9 7.9 15.87
5 2.52 2 0.662 11.9 7.9 15.86
6 2.52 2 0.66 11.9 7.9 15.88
Description: Sample 32Ab
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] Freq. [Hz]
[ft]
1 1.91 4 0.617 11.1 7.9 14.28
2 1.89 4 0.616 11.1 7.9 14.23
3 1.91 4 0.617 11.1 7.9 14.27
4 1.99 4 0.645 11.6 7.9 14.27
5 1.99 4 0.645 11.6 7.9 14.28
6 1.98 4 0.644 11.6 7.9 14.25
Description: Sample 32Ac
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] Freq. [Hz]
[ft]
1 1.91 4 0.617 11.1 7.9 14.28
2 1.89 4 0.616 11.1 7.9 14.23
3 1.91 4 0.617 11.1 7.9 14.27
4 1.99 4 0.645 11.6 7.9 14.27
5 1.99 4 0.645 11.6 7.9 14.28
6 1.98 4 0.644 11.6 7.9 14.25
Description: Sample 32Ba
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.45 2 0.591 10.7 8 16.27
2 2.45 2 0.589 10.7 8 16.29
3 2.38 3 0.574 10.4 8 16.27
4 2.38 3 0.575 10.5 8 16.25
5 2.38 3 0.574 10.4 8 16.27
6 2.38 3 0.574 10.4 8 16.27
105
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 32Bb
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.18 3 0.577 10.5 8 15.53
2 2.19 3 0.575 10.5 8 15.57
3 2.19 3 0.575 10.5 8 15.57
4 2.2 3 0.586 10.7 8 15.5
5 2.21 3 0.588 10.7 8 15.5
6 2.21 3 0.587 10.7 8 15.51
Description: Sample 32Bc
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.76 1 0.616 11.2 8 16.91
2 2.78 1 0.617 11.2 8 16.95
3 2.78 1 0.617 11.2 8 16.96
4 2.74 1 0.613 11.2 8 16.88
5 2.73 1 0.612 11.1 8 16.86
6 2.74 1 0.612 11.1 8 16.89
Description: Sample 33Aa
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 3.7 1 0.763 13.9 8 17.55
2 3.7 1 0.763 13.9 8 17.55
3 3.72 1 0.761 13.9 8 17.61
4 3.44 1 0.732 13.3 8 17.27
5 3.46 1 0.732 13.3 8 17.32
6 3.45 1 0.731 13.3 8 17.32
Description: Sample 33Ab
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 3.42 1 0.729 13.3 8 17.27
2 3.44 1 0.729 13.3 8 17.33
3 3.42 1 0.727 13.2 8 17.29
4 3.5 1 0.751 13.7 8 17.2
5 3.52 1 0.75 13.6 8 17.25
6 3.52 1 0.75 13.6 8 17.26
106
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 33Ac
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 3.5 1 0.711 12.9 8 17.69
2 3.49 1 0.711 12.9 8 17.66
3 3.52 1 0.713 13 8 17.7
4 3.03 1 0.718 13.1 8 16.36
5 3.54 1 0.732 13.3 8 17.52
6 3.54 1 0.732 13.3 8 17.52
Description: Sample 33Ba
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 3.63 1 0.75 13.6 8 17.54
2 3.64 1 0.75 13.6 8 17.55
3 3.6 1 0.749 13.6 8 17.48
4 3.69 1 0.759 13.8 8 17.58
5 3.67 1 0.759 13.8 8 17.53
6 3.7 1 0.759 13.8 8 17.59
Description: Sample 33Bb
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 3.75 1 0.778 14.2 8 17.51
2 3.74 1 0.779 14.2 8 17.45
3 3.76 1 0.778 14.2 8 17.51
4 3.67 1 0.779 14.2 8 17.3
5 3.68 1 0.78 14.2 8 17.31
6 3.69 1 0.78 14.2 8 17.34
Description: Sample 33Bc
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 3.58 1 0.758 13.8 8 17.32
2 3.58 1 0.758 13.8 8 17.33
3 3.58 1 0.758 13.8 8 17.32
4 3.57 1 0.759 13.8 8 17.29
5 3.55 1 0.759 13.8 8 17.24
6 3.58 1 0.758 13.8 8 17.33
107
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 34Aa
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.08 4 0.54 9.8 8 15.59
2 2.08 4 0.54 9.8 8 15.59
3 2.08 4 0.54 9.8 8 15.59
4 2.09 4 0.54 9.8 8 15.59
5 1.99 4 0.54 9.8 8 15.59
6 2.01 4 0.54 9.8 8 15.59
Description: Sample 34Ab
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.14 3 0.551 10 8 15.63
2 2.14 3 0.551 10 8 15.63
3 2.14 3 0.551 10 8 15.63
4 2.09 3 0.551 10 8 15.63
5 2.09 3 0.551 10 8 15.63
6 2.09 3 0.551 10 8 15.63
Description: Sample 34Ac
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.5 2 0.583 10.6 8 16.44
2 2.5 2 0.583 10.6 8 16.44
3 2.5 2 0.583 10.6 8 16.44
4 2.38 2 0.583 10.6 8 16.47
5 2.38 2 0.583 10.6 8 16.47
6 2.38 2 0.583 10.6 8 16.47
Description: Sample 34Ba
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.79 1 0.631 11.5 8 16.8
2 2.81 1 0.634 11.5 8 16.84
3 2.8 1 0.634 11.5 8 16.8
4 2.86 1 0.649 11.8 8 16.77
5 2.89 1 0.65 11.8 8 16.83
6 2.89 1 0.65 11.8 8 16.84
108
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 34Bb
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.49 2 0.597 10.9 8 16.32
2 2.48 2 0.598 10.9 8 16.28
3 2.49 2 0.597 10.9 8 16.33
4 2.6 2 0.625 11.4 8 16.29
5 2.61 1 0.625 11.4 8 16.34
6 2.61 1 0.624 11.3 8 16.36
Description: Sample 34Bc
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.34 3 0.575 10.5 8 16.12
2 2.33 3 0.575 10.5 8 16.08
3 2.35 3 0.577 10.5 8 16.12
4 2.42 2 0.6 10.9 8 16.06
5 2.43 2 0.596 10.8 8 16.14
6 2.44 2 0.596 10.8 8 16.16
Description: Sample 35Aa
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.13 3 0.693 12.6 8 14.07
2 2.13 3 0.693 12.6 8 14.06
3 2.13 3 0.693 12.6 8 14.07
4 2 4 0.655 11.9 8 14
5 2 4 0.657 11.9 8 14.01
6 1.99 4 0.655 11.9 8 13.97
Description: Sample 35Ab
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.32 3 0.738 13.4 8 14.24
2 2.33 3 0.736 13.4 8 14.27
3 2.33 3 0.736 13.4 8 14.27
4 2.2 3 0.684 12.4 8 14.38
5 2.2 3 0.683 12.4 8 14.39
6 2.2 3 0.683 12.4 8 14.39
109
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 35Ba
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.2 3 0.602 11 8 15.22
2 2.22 3 0.603 11 8 15.28
3 2.2 3 0.603 11 8 15.22
4 2.19 3 0.601 10.9 8 15.21
5 2.18 3 0.601 10.9 8 15.19
6 2.19 3 0.601 10.9 8 15.21
Description: Sample 35Bb
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.25 3 0.616 11.2 8 15.23
2 2.25 3 0.615 11.2 8 15.24
3 2.24 3 0.615 11.2 8 15.21
4 2.25 3 0.624 11.3 8 15.14
5 2.23 3 0.622 11.3 8 15.09
6 2.25 3 0.624 11.3 8 15.13
Description: Sample 35Bc
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.49 2 0.615 11.2 8 16.05
2 2.5 2 0.615 11.2 8 16.06
3 2.49 2 0.615 11.2 8 16.05
4 2.53 2 0.627 11.4 8 15.99
5 2.54 2 0.627 11.4 8 16.04
6 2.54 2 0.627 11.4 8 16.05
Description: Sample 36Aa
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.89 4 0.597 10.8 8 14.28
2 1.87 4 0.596 10.8 8 14.23
3 1.89 4 0.597 10.8 8 14.26
4 1.97 4 0.626 11.4 8 14.25
5 1.96 4 0.626 11.4 8 14.21
6 1.98 4 0.626 11.4 8 14.27
110
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 36Ba
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.05 4 0.706 12.8 8 13.58
2 2.05 4 0.705 12.8 8 13.59
3 2.05 4 0.703 12.8 8 13.6
4 1.98 4 0.675 12.3 8 13.66
5 1.98 4 0.675 12.3 8 13.65
6 1.99 4 0.675 12.3 8 13.69
Description: Sample 36Bb
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.87 4 0.713 13 8 12.91
2 1.87 4 0.712 13 8 12.9
3 1.87 4 0.713 13 8 12.91
4 1.76 4 0.67 12.2 8 12.91
5 1.76 4 0.672 12.2 8 12.91
6 1.75 4 0.67 12.2 8 12.87
Description: Sample 36Bc
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.42 2 0.687 12.5 8 14.95
2 2.42 2 0.688 12.5 8 14.96
3 2.41 2 0.687 12.5 8 14.94
4 2.4 3 0.682 12.4 8 14.95
5 2.4 3 0.682 12.4 8 14.95
6 2.4 3 0.682 12.4 8 14.94
Description: Sample 37Ba
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 3.04 1 0.707 12.9 8 16.53
2 3.04 1 0.707 12.9 8 16.53
3 3.05 1 0.706 12.8 8 16.56
4 2.95 1 0.684 12.4 8 16.55
5 2.95 1 0.686 12.5 8 16.53
6 2.95 1 0.684 12.4 8 16.56
111
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 37Bb
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.58 2 0.72 13.1 8 15.08
2 2.58 2 0.72 13.1 8 15.08
3 2.59 2 0.718 13.1 8 15.13
4 2.42 2 0.675 12.3 8 15.08
5 2.41 2 0.675 12.3 8 15.06
6 2.42 2 0.674 12.3 8 15.09
Description: Sample 37Bc
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.5 2 0.694 12.6 8 15.12
2 2.49 2 0.693 12.6 8 15.1
3 2.5 2 0.693 12.6 8 15.13
4 2.48 2 0.688 12.5 8 15.14
5 2.48 2 0.688 12.5 8 15.14
6 2.48 2 0.688 12.5 8 15.12
Description: Sample 38Ab
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.06 4 0.588 10.7 8 15.02
2 2.08 4 0.588 10.7 8 15.08
3 2.08 4 0.589 10.7 8 15.06
4 2.13 3 0.602 10.9 8 15.08
5 2.12 3 0.601 10.9 8 15.08
6 2.12 3 0.601 10.9 8 15.08
Description: Sample 38Ac
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.14 3 0.588 10.7 8 15.31
2 2.13 3 0.588 10.7 8 15.28
3 2.14 3 0.588 10.7 8 15.31
4 2.2 3 0.603 11 8 15.32
5 2.19 3 0.603 11 8 15.3
6 2.2 3 0.603 11 8 15.31
112
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 38Ba
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.26 3 0.541 9.8 8 16.28
2 2.27 3 0.54 9.8 8 16.33
3 2.26 3 0.54 9.8 8 16.31
4 2.34 3 0.554 10.1 8 16.36
5 2.34 3 0.555 10.1 8 16.35
6 2.35 3 0.555 10.1 8 16.38
Description: Sample 38Bb
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.22 3 0.534 9.7 8 16.25
2 2.23 3 0.532 9.7 8 16.29
3 2.23 3 0.532 9.7 8 16.29
4 2.33 3 0.558 10.1 8 16.29
5 2.33 3 0.558 10.1 8 16.29
6 2.32 3 0.559 10.2 8 16.24
Description: Sample 38Bc
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.44 2 0.548 10 8 16.8
2 2.43 2 0.548 10 8 16.79
3 2.41 2 0.546 9.9 8 16.75
4 2.49 2 0.562 10.2 8 16.79
5 2.48 2 0.562 10.2 8 16.75
6 2.48 2 0.56 10.2 8 16.75
Description: Sample 39Aa
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.01 4 0.508 9.2 8 15.94
2 2.01 4 0.508 9.2 8 15.97
3 2.01 4 0.508 9.2 8 15.95
4 2.03 4 0.511 9.3 8 16.01
5 2.03 4 0.511 9.3 8 16.01
6 2.01 4 0.51 9.3 8 15.95
113
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 39Ba
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.12 3 0.53 9.6 8 15.94
2 2.11 3 0.527 9.6 8 15.95
3 2.14 3 0.529 9.6 8 16.02
4 2.18 3 0.544 9.9 8 15.96
5 2.19 3 0.543 9.9 8 16
6 2.19 3 0.544 9.9 8 15.98
Description: Sample 39Bb
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.26 3 0.526 9.6 8 16.53
2 2.27 3 0.525 9.6 8 16.58
3 2.27 3 0.525 9.6 8 16.56
4 2.29 3 0.527 9.6 8 16.59
5 2.27 3 0.527 9.6 8 16.54
6 2.3 3 0.529 9.6 8 16.63
Description: Sample 39Bc
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.4 2 0.56 10.2 8 16.5
2 2.4 2 0.56 10.2 8 16.5
3 2.38 3 0.559 10.2 8 16.45
4 2.38 3 0.559 10.2 8 16.44
5 2.39 3 0.56 10.2 8 16.45
6 2.4 3 0.56 10.2 8 16.48
Description: Sample 40Aa
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.31 3 0.581 10.5 8 16.02
2 2.32 3 0.579 10.5 8 16.06
3 2.31 3 0.581 10.5 8 16
4 2.24 3 0.568 10.3 8 15.93
5 2.23 3 0.567 10.3 8 15.93
6 2.25 3 0.567 10.3 8 16
114
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 40Ab
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.04 4 0.559 10.1 8 15.34
2 2.03 4 0.558 10.1 8 15.32
3 2.03 4 0.559 10.1 8 15.31
4 2.03 4 0.559 10.1 8 15.3
5 2.02 4 0.559 10.1 8 15.25
6 2.03 4 0.559 10.1 8 15.31
Description: Sample 40Ac
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.14 3 0.563 10.2 8 15.63
2 2.15 3 0.564 10.2 8 15.65
3 2.15 3 0.564 10.2 8 15.65
4 2.04 4 0.541 9.8 8 15.59
5 2.05 4 0.541 9.8 8 15.6
6 2.03 4 0.541 9.8 8 15.56
Description: Sample 40Ba
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.19 3 0.616 11.2 8 15.02
2 2.19 3 0.617 11.2 8 15.02
3 2.19 3 0.617 11.2 8 15
4 2.17 3 0.61 11.1 8 15.05
5 2.17 3 0.608 11.1 8 15.04
6 2.17 3 0.608 11.1 8 15.04
Description: Sample 40Bb
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.92 4 0.62 11.3 8 14.03
2 1.92 4 0.62 11.3 8 14.03
3 1.92 4 0.62 11.3 8 14.03
4 1.87 4 0.607 11 8 13.98
5 1.87 4 0.607 11 8 13.99
6 1.87 4 0.607 11 8 13.99
115
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 40Bc
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.45 2 0.621 11.3 8 15.82
2 2.46 2 0.622 11.3 8 15.84
3 2.46 2 0.622 11.3 8 15.83
4 2.42 2 0.617 11.2 8 15.77
5 2.41 2 0.615 11.2 8 15.78
6 2.43 2 0.615 11.2 8 15.83
Description: Sample 41Aa
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.63 4 0.5 9.1 8 14.41
2 1.63 4 0.5 9.1 8 14.41
3 1.63 4 0.5 9.1 8 14.41
4 1.58 4 0.483 8.8 8 14.4
5 1.58 4 0.484 8.8 8 14.38
6 1.58 4 0.484 8.8 8 14.41
Description: Sample 41Ab
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2 4 0.53 9.6 8 15.48
2 2.01 4 0.53 9.6 8 15.5
3 2.01 4 0.53 9.6 8 15.5
4 1.87 4 0.506 9.2 8 15.31
5 1.89 4 0.506 9.2 8 15.4
6 1.89 4 0.506 9.2 8 15.4
Description: Sample 41Ac
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.15 3 0.515 9.4 8 16.27
2 2.17 3 0.516 9.4 8 16.33
3 2.17 3 0.516 9.4 8 16.34
4 2.1 3 0.502 9.1 8 16.3
5 2.11 3 0.502 9.1 8 16.34
6 2.11 3 0.502 9.1 8 16.33
116
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 41Ba
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.29 3 0.546 9.9 8 16.3
2 2.29 3 0.546 9.9 8 16.3
3 2.28 3 0.546 9.9 8 16.28
4 2.23 3 0.539 9.8 8 16.22
5 2.23 3 0.538 9.8 8 16.22
6 2.24 3 0.538 9.8 8 16.26
Description: Sample 41Bb
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.81 4 0.549 10 8 14.46
2 1.82 4 0.548 10 8 14.53
3 1.81 4 0.548 10 8 14.5
4 1.76 4 0.534 9.7 8 14.49
5 1.77 4 0.535 9.7 8 14.5
6 1.76 4 0.535 9.7 8 14.47
Description: Sample 41Bc
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.95 4 0.524 9.5 8 15.36
2 1.96 4 0.522 9.5 8 15.42
3 1.96 4 0.524 9.5 8 15.42
4 1.88 4 0.503 9.2 8 15.41
5 1.89 4 0.505 9.2 8 15.43
6 1.89 4 0.505 9.2 8 15.43
Description: Sample 42Aa
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.73 4 0.636 11.6 8 13.21
2 1.72 4 0.635 11.5 8 13.22
3 1.73 4 0.636 11.6 8 13.23
4 1.72 4 0.636 11.6 8 13.2
5 1.72 4 0.636 11.6 8 13.19
6 1.72 4 0.635 11.5 8 13.21
117
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 42Ab
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.11 3 0.663 12 8 14.33
2 2.11 3 0.663 12 8 14.33
3 2.12 3 0.663 12 8 14.34
4 2.03 4 0.635 11.5 8 14.36
5 2.03 4 0.635 11.5 8 14.36
6 2.03 4 0.635 11.5 8 14.36
Description: Sample 42Ac
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.66 1 0.655 11.9 8 16.16
2 2.66 1 0.655 11.9 8 16.16
3 2.66 1 0.655 11.9 8 16.17
4 2.68 1 0.651 11.8 8 16.26
5 2.68 1 0.651 11.8 8 16.26
6 2.67 1 0.653 11.9 8 16.22
Description: Sample 42Ba
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.45 2 0.612 11.1 8 15.93
2 2.44 2 0.612 11.1 8 15.92
3 2.44 2 0.613 11.2 8 15.88
4 2.42 2 0.603 11 8 15.94
5 2.41 2 0.602 11 8 15.93
6 2.41 2 0.602 11 8 15.95
Description: Sample 42Bb
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.44 2 0.619 11.3 8 15.83
2 2.46 2 0.62 11.3 8 15.86
3 2.45 2 0.62 11.3 8 15.84
4 2.55 2 0.64 11.6 8 15.9
5 2.55 2 0.64 11.6 8 15.91
6 2.55 2 0.64 11.6 8 15.92
118
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 42Bc
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.53 2 0.606 11 8 16.28
2 2.53 2 0.607 11 8 16.26
3 2.52 2 0.606 11 8 16.24
4 2.64 1 0.635 11.6 8 16.25
5 2.67 1 0.637 11.6 8 16.3
6 2.66 1 0.636 11.6 8 16.3
Description: Sample 43Aa
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.16 3 0.62 11.3 8 14.93
2 2.17 3 0.619 11.3 8 14.96
3 2.18 3 0.619 11.3 8 14.99
4 2.13 3 0.608 11.1 8 14.96
5 2.14 3 0.61 11.1 8 14.98
6 2.14 3 0.61 11.1 8 14.99
Description: Sample 43Ab
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.3 4 0.659 12 8 11.22
2 1.31 4 0.66 12 8 11.25
3 1.3 4 0.662 12 8 11.2
4 1.31 4 0.667 12.1 8 11.19
5 1.31 4 0.668 12.2 8 11.21
6 1.31 4 0.668 12.2 8 11.21
Description: Sample 43Ac
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.5 4 0.587 10.7 8 12.77
2 1.49 4 0.587 10.7 8 12.74
3 1.5 4 0.588 10.7 8 12.78
4 1.51 4 0.592 10.8 8 12.76
5 1.51 4 0.591 10.7 8 12.77
6 1.51 4 0.589 10.7 8 12.77
119
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 43Ba
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.13 3 0.564 10.2 8 15.58
2 2.15 3 0.564 10.2 8 15.65
3 2.11 3 0.564 10.2 8 15.51
4 2.22 3 0.582 10.6 8 15.68
5 2.23 3 0.582 10.6 8 15.71
6 2.23 3 0.582 10.6 8 15.7
Description: Sample 43Bb
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.5 4 0.575 10.4 8 12.96
2 1.49 4 0.574 10.4 8 12.92
3 1.48 4 0.574 10.4 8 12.87
4 1.55 4 0.593 10.8 8 12.95
5 1.55 4 0.592 10.7 8 12.96
6 1.55 4 0.592 10.7 8 12.96
Description: Sample 43Bc
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.16 3 0.565 10.3 8 15.67
2 2.16 3 0.565 10.3 8 15.69
3 2.15 3 0.565 10.3 8 15.65
4 2.22 3 0.581 10.5 8 15.67
5 2.23 3 0.581 10.5 8 15.71
6 2.23 3 0.581 10.5 8 15.72
Description: Sample 44Aa
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.89 4 0.478 8.7 8 15.83
2 1.89 4 0.478 8.7 8 15.83
3 1.89 4 0.478 8.7 8 15.83
4 1.96 4 0.496 9 8 15.83
5 1.96 4 0.496 9 8 15.83
6 1.95 4 0.496 9 8 15.8
120
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 44Ab
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.61 4 0.488 8.9 8 14.46
2 1.6 4 0.487 8.9 8 14.44
3 1.6 4 0.487 8.9 8 14.46
4 1.58 4 0.484 8.8 8 14.41
5 1.59 4 0.483 8.8 8 14.47
6 1.59 4 0.484 8.8 8 14.42
Description: Sample 44Ac
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.79 4 0.478 8.7 8 15.4
2 1.77 4 0.478 8.7 8 15.34
3 1.79 4 0.478 8.7 8 15.4
4 1.75 4 0.472 8.6 8 15.33
5 1.76 4 0.474 8.6 8 15.37
6 1.76 4 0.473 8.6 8 15.37
Description: Sample 44Ba
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.12 3 0.506 9.2 8 16.36
2 2.15 3 0.507 9.2 8 16.43
3 2.15 3 0.508 9.3 8 16.42
4 2.1 3 0.502 9.1 8 16.35
5 2.11 3 0.502 9.1 8 16.39
6 2.1 3 0.501 9.1 8 16.38
Description: Sample 44Bb
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.85 4 0.496 9 8 15.45
2 1.86 4 0.496 9 8 15.48
3 1.86 4 0.496 9 8 15.49
4 1.89 4 0.511 9.3 8 15.38
5 1.9 4 0.51 9.3 8 15.43
6 1.89 4 0.51 9.3 8 15.38
121
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 44Bc
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.89 4 0.506 9.2 8 15.44
2 1.89 4 0.506 9.2 8 15.46
3 1.9 4 0.506 9.2 8 15.47
4 1.83 4 0.497 9 8 15.32
5 1.82 4 0.495 9 8 15.32
6 1.83 4 0.496 9 8 15.36
Description: Sample 45Ba
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.8 4 0.519 9.4 8 14.87
2 1.79 4 0.519 9.4 8 14.84
3 1.8 4 0.52 9.5 8 14.87
4 1.73 4 0.502 9.1 8 14.82
5 1.73 4 0.5 9.1 8 14.87
6 1.72 4 0.5 9.1 8 14.83
Description: Sample 45Bb
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.75 4 0.546 9.9 8 14.29
2 1.73 4 0.543 9.9 8 14.25
3 1.75 4 0.545 9.9 8 14.34
4 1.74 4 0.544 9.9 8 14.3
5 1.74 4 0.543 9.9 8 14.31
6 1.74 4 0.544 9.9 8 14.28
Description: Sample 45Bc
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.3 3 0.565 10.3 8 16.13
2 2.31 3 0.563 10.2 8 16.17
3 2.31 3 0.564 10.3 8 16.15
4 2.24 3 0.548 10 8 16.17
5 2.26 3 0.55 10 8 16.18
6 2.25 3 0.55 10 8 16.17
122
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 46Ba
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.25 3 0.62 11.3 8 15.23
2 2.25 3 0.622 11.3 8 15.18
3 2.26 3 0.622 11.3 8 15.22
4 2.28 3 0.626 11.4 8 15.26
5 2.29 3 0.627 11.4 8 15.27
6 2.29 3 0.626 11.4 8 15.28
Description: Sample 46Bb
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.32 3 0.673 12.2 8 14.83
2 2.32 3 0.672 12.2 8 14.85
3 2.33 3 0.672 12.2 8 14.87
4 2.32 3 0.67 12.2 8 14.85
5 2.32 3 0.672 12.2 8 14.85
6 2.31 3 0.672 12.2 8 14.83
Description: Sample 46Bc
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.68 1 0.655 11.9 8 16.16
2 2.67 1 0.654 11.9 8 16.16
3 2.68 1 0.654 11.9 8 16.18
4 2.67 1 0.656 11.9 8 16.11
5 2.67 1 0.655 11.9 8 16.12
6 2.68 1 0.654 11.9 8 16.19
Description: Sample 47Ba
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 3.18 1 0.698 12.7 8 17.04
2 3.18 1 0.698 12.7 8 17.04
3 3.18 1 0.698 12.7 8 17.06
4 3.17 1 0.698 12.7 8 17.03
5 3.15 1 0.697 12.7 8 16.99
6 3.15 1 0.697 12.7 8 16.99
123
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 47Bb
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.15 3 0.653 11.9 8 14.51
2 2.15 3 0.651 11.9 8 14.52
3 2.15 3 0.653 11.9 8 14.49
4 2.14 3 0.653 11.9 8 14.48
5 2.16 3 0.653 11.9 8 14.53
6 2.16 3 0.651 11.9 8 14.54
Description: Sample 47Bc
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.13 3 0.668 12.2 8 14.26
2 2.12 3 0.668 12.2 8 14.25
3 2.13 3 0.669 12.2 8 14.27
4 2.09 4 0.659 12 8 14.23
5 2.08 4 0.656 11.9 8 14.22
6 2.08 4 0.658 12 8 14.22
Description: Sample 48Ba
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.84 1 0.672 12.2 8 16.44
2 2.82 1 0.67 12.2 8 16.39
3 2.83 1 0.67 12.2 8 16.41
4 2.83 1 0.67 12.2 8 16.42
5 2.83 1 0.672 12.2 8 16.4
6 2.84 1 0.672 12.2 8 16.43
Description: Sample 48Bb
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 3.05 1 0.711 12.9 8 16.56
2 3.04 1 0.713 13 8 16.5
3 3.05 1 0.712 13 8 16.53
4 2.98 1 0.691 12.6 8 16.6
5 2.96 1 0.688 12.5 8 16.56
6 2.98 1 0.691 12.6 8 16.61
124
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 48Bc
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 3.1 1 0.688 12.5 8 16.96
2 3.08 1 0.686 12.5 8 16.93
3 3.12 1 0.687 12.5 8 17.03
4 3.16 1 0.702 12.8 8 16.95
5 3.17 1 0.705 12.8 8 16.95
6 3.16 1 0.702 12.8 8 16.96
Description: Sample 49Aa
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.59 2 0.581 10.6 8 16.87
2 2.6 2 0.582 10.6 8 16.88
3 2.59 2 0.581 10.6 8 16.89
4 2.6 1 0.583 10.6 8 16.87
5 2.58 2 0.582 10.6 8 16.83
6 2.59 2 0.583 10.6 8 16.83
Description: Sample 49Ab
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.35 3 0.608 11.1 8 15.71
2 2.35 3 0.606 11 8 15.72
3 2.37 3 0.607 11 8 15.78
4 2.28 3 0.593 10.8 8 15.68
5 2.3 3 0.596 10.8 8 15.69
6 2.3 3 0.596 10.8 8 15.7
Description: Sample 49Ac
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.41 2 0.591 10.7 8 16.15
2 2.4 3 0.591 10.7 8 16.09
3 2.41 2 0.591 10.7 8 16.13
4 2.42 2 0.592 10.8 8 16.17
5 2.42 2 0.592 10.8 8 16.17
6 2.42 2 0.592 10.8 8 16.17
125
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 49Ba
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.49 2 0.55 10 8 17.01
2 2.49 2 0.55 10 8 17.02
3 2.48 2 0.55 10 8 16.99
4 2.48 2 0.549 10 8 17
5 2.49 2 0.55 10 8 17.02
6 2.47 2 0.55 10 8 16.97
Description: Sample 49Bb
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.44 2 0.568 10.3 8 16.64
2 2.46 2 0.569 10.3 8 16.67
3 2.45 2 0.569 10.3 8 16.64
4 2.52 2 0.582 10.6 8 16.69
5 2.53 2 0.581 10.5 8 16.76
6 2.51 2 0.581 10.5 8 16.7
Description: Sample 49Bc
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.31 3 0.574 10.4 8 16.08
2 2.31 3 0.573 10.4 8 16.12
3 2.31 3 0.573 10.4 8 16.13
4 2.3 3 0.577 10.5 8 16.03
5 2.32 3 0.578 10.5 8 16.09
6 2.33 3 0.578 10.5 8 16.1
Description: Sample 50Ba
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.75 4 0.57 10.4 8 13.99
2 1.75 4 0.568 10.3 8 14.04
3 1.74 4 0.568 10.3 8 14
4 1.75 4 0.57 10.4 8 13.98
5 1.74 4 0.567 10.3 8 14
6 1.75 4 0.568 10.3 8 14.03
126
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 50Bc
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.8 4 0.538 9.8 8 14.61
2 1.79 4 0.536 9.8 8 14.58
3 1.8 4 0.538 9.8 8 14.63
4 1.81 4 0.543 9.9 8 14.6
5 1.82 4 0.543 9.9 8 14.61
6 1.81 4 0.541 9.8 8 14.61
Description: Sample 51Aa
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.43 4 0.51 9.3 8 13.37
2 1.44 4 0.511 9.3 8 13.42
3 1.44 4 0.511 9.3 8 13.4
4 1.36 4 0.517 9.4 8 12.94
5 1.43 4 0.51 9.3 8 13.39
6 1.44 4 0.51 9.3 8 13.42
Description: Sample 51Ab
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.19 4 0.506 9.2 8 12.26
2 1.19 4 0.506 9.2 8 12.27
3 1.19 4 0.505 9.2 8 12.27
4 1.2 4 0.51 9.3 8 12.24
5 1.2 4 0.51 9.3 8 12.26
6 1.2 4 0.508 9.3 8 12.26
Description: Sample 51Ac
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.33 4 0.525 9.6 8 12.72
2 1.33 4 0.525 9.6 8 12.73
3 1.34 4 0.526 9.6 8 12.76
4 1.34 4 0.529 9.6 8 12.71
5 1.34 4 0.529 9.6 8 12.71
6 1.34 4 0.529 9.6 8 12.71
127
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 52Aa
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.56 2 0.681 12.4 8 15.57
2 2.54 2 0.681 12.4 8 15.51
3 2.55 2 0.681 12.4 8 15.54
4 2.47 2 0.662 12 8 15.51
5 2.46 2 0.662 12 8 15.48
6 2.46 2 0.662 12 8 15.47
Description: Sample 52Ba
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.09 4 0.622 11.3 8 14.59
2 2.1 4 0.621 11.3 8 14.64
3 2.09 4 0.621 11.3 8 14.63
4 1.97 4 0.586 10.7 8 14.6
5 1.95 4 0.583 10.6 8 14.57
6 1.96 4 0.584 10.6 8 14.61
Description: Sample 52Bb
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2 4 0.589 10.7 8 14.68
2 1.99 4 0.589 10.7 8 14.65
3 2 4 0.589 10.7 8 14.68
4 1.98 4 0.581 10.6 8 14.71
5 1.97 4 0.581 10.6 8 14.68
6 1.98 4 0.581 10.6 8 14.7
Description: Sample 53Aa
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.54 4 0.515 9.4 8 13.76
2 1.54 4 0.514 9.3 8 13.82
3 1.54 4 0.514 9.3 8 13.8
4 1.52 4 0.506 9.2 8 13.81
5 1.52 4 0.503 9.2 8 13.83
6 1.52 4 0.505 9.2 8 13.83
128
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 53Ab
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.53 4 0.479 8.7 8 14.26
2 1.52 4 0.478 8.7 8 14.23
3 1.53 4 0.478 8.7 8 14.27
4 1.56 4 0.481 8.7 8 14.33
5 1.56 4 0.482 8.8 8 14.32
6 1.56 4 0.482 8.8 8 14.34
Description: Sample 53Ac
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.88 4 0.52 9.5 8 15.15
2 1.88 4 0.52 9.5 8 15.13
3 1.88 4 0.521 9.5 8 15.13
4 2.02 4 0.524 9.5 8 15.63
5 2.01 4 0.524 9.5 8 15.63
6 2.01 4 0.524 9.5 8 15.61
Description: Sample 53Ba
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.87 4 0.544 9.9 8 14.77
2 1.87 4 0.543 9.9 8 14.79
3 1.87 4 0.544 9.9 8 14.78
4 1.78 4 0.52 9.5 8 14.76
5 1.79 4 0.52 9.5 8 14.77
6 1.8 4 0.521 9.5 8 14.83
Description: Sample 53Bb
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.79 4 0.52 9.5 8 14.79
2 1.79 4 0.519 9.4 8 14.8
3 1.79 4 0.519 9.4 8 14.79
4 1.72 4 0.505 9.2 8 14.73
5 1.72 4 0.505 9.2 8 14.73
6 1.73 4 0.505 9.2 8 14.75
129
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 53Bc
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.74 4 0.543 9.9 8 14.26
2 1.74 4 0.543 9.9 8 14.26
3 1.74 4 0.543 9.9 8 14.26
4 1.69 4 0.532 9.7 8 14.21
5 1.69 4 0.532 9.7 8 14.21
6 1.69 4 0.532 9.7 8 14.2
Description: Sample 54Ba
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.54 4 0.593 10.8 8 12.83
2 1.54 4 0.593 10.8 8 12.83
3 1.54 4 0.592 10.8 8 12.83
4 1.57 4 0.606 11 8 12.84
5 1.57 4 0.606 11 8 12.84
6 1.57 4 0.606 11 8 12.84
Description: Sample 54Bb
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.17 4 0.62 11.3 8 10.93
2 1.17 4 0.621 11.3 8 10.92
3 1.17 4 0.621 11.3 8 10.92
4 1.16 4 0.619 11.3 8 10.92
5 1.17 4 0.62 11.3 8 10.93
6 1.16 4 0.62 11.3 8 10.92
Description: Sample 54Bc
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.5 4 0.65 11.8 8 12.18
2 1.5 4 0.65 11.8 8 12.19
3 1.5 4 0.65 11.8 8 12.18
4 1.45 4 0.63 11.4 8 12.16
5 1.45 4 0.629 11.4 8 12.17
6 1.46 4 0.63 11.4 8 12.22
130
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 55Aa
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.59 2 0.66 12 8 15.88
2 2.6 2 0.66 12 8 15.92
3 2.6 2 0.66 12 8 15.91
4 2.5 2 0.688 12.5 8 15.29
5 2.5 2 0.687 12.5 8 15.31
6 2.5 2 0.687 12.5 8 15.3
Description: Sample 55Ab
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.35 3 0.688 12.5 8 14.73
2 2.37 3 0.691 12.6 8 14.77
3 2.37 3 0.689 12.5 8 14.77
4 2.45 2 0.717 13 8 14.73
5 2.45 2 0.715 13 8 14.75
6 2.45 2 0.715 13 8 14.74
Description: Sample 55Ac
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.7 1 0.682 12.4 8 15.98
2 2.71 1 0.682 12.4 8 16
3 2.7 1 0.682 12.4 8 15.97
4 2.85 1 0.717 13 8 15.99
5 2.84 1 0.717 13 8 15.98
6 2.88 1 0.717 13 8 16.09
Description: Sample 56Aa
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2 4 0.612 11.1 8 14.47
2 2.01 4 0.613 11.1 8 14.5
3 2.02 4 0.614 11.2 8 14.5
4 1.98 4 0.603 11 8 14.51
5 1.98 4 0.605 11 8 14.48
6 1.99 4 0.604 11 8 14.52
131
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 56Ab
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.98 4 0.605 11 8 14.42
2 1.99 4 0.606 11 8 14.43
3 1.99 4 0.605 11 8 14.46
4 2.01 4 0.625 11.4 8 14.28
5 2.04 4 0.621 11.3 8 14.43
6 2.04 4 0.621 11.3 8 14.44
Description: Sample 56Ac
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.98 4 0.569 10.4 8 14.88
2 1.99 4 0.57 10.4 8 14.89
3 1.98 4 0.57 10.4 8 14.85
4 2.09 4 0.594 10.8 8 14.93
5 2.08 4 0.594 10.8 8 14.91
6 2.1 4 0.594 10.8 8 14.96
Description: Sample 56Ba
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.51 2 0.616 11.2 8 16.08
2 2.51 2 0.615 11.2 8 16.1
3 2.51 2 0.616 11.2 8 16.09
4 2.47 2 0.612 11.1 8 16.02
5 2.46 2 0.611 11.1 8 15.97
6 2.48 2 0.612 11.1 8 16.03
Description: Sample 56Bb
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.19 3 0.662 12 8 14.64
2 2.19 3 0.662 12 8 14.63
3 2.19 3 0.664 12 8 14.62
4 2.19 3 0.664 12 8 14.64
5 2.18 3 0.662 12 8 14.61
6 2.18 3 0.662 12 8 14.61
132
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 56Bc
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.58 2 0.703 12.7 8 15.43
2 2.59 2 0.704 12.7 8 15.45
3 2.58 2 0.704 12.7 8 15.4
4 2.58 2 0.703 12.7 8 15.43
5 2.57 2 0.706 12.8 8 15.37
6 2.59 2 0.706 12.8 8 15.42
Description: Sample 57Ba
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.33 4 0.559 10.2 8 12.3
2 1.33 4 0.56 10.2 8 12.31
3 1.33 4 0.559 10.2 8 12.31
4 1.33 4 0.559 10.2 8 12.3
5 1.33 4 0.559 10.2 8 12.27
6 1.32 4 0.559 10.2 8 12.27
Description: Sample 57Bb
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.5 4 0.554 10.1 8 13.16
2 1.47 4 0.554 10.1 8 13.01
3 1.45 4 0.554 10.1 8 12.91
4 1.4 4 0.527 9.6 8 13.04
5 1.4 4 0.527 9.6 8 13.02
6 1.4 4 0.526 9.6 8 13.04
Description: Sample 57Bc
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.77 4 0.541 9.8 8 14.43
2 1.77 4 0.541 9.8 8 14.44
3 1.76 4 0.54 9.8 8 14.43
4 1.8 4 0.557 10.1 8 14.39
5 1.81 4 0.559 10.2 8 14.39
6 1.8 4 0.557 10.1 8 14.38
133
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 58Aa
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.04 4 0.669 12.2 8 13.91
2 2.04 4 0.67 12.2 8 13.91
3 2.04 4 0.669 12.2 8 13.91
4 1.96 4 0.64 11.6 8 13.94
5 1.96 4 0.64 11.6 8 13.96
6 1.95 4 0.64 11.6 8 13.92
Description: Sample 58Ab
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.37 4 0.617 11.2 8 11.86
2 1.36 4 0.617 11.2 8 11.85
3 1.36 4 0.617 11.2 8 11.82
4 1.36 4 0.616 11.2 8 11.84
5 1.36 4 0.616 11.2 8 11.85
6 1.36 4 0.616 11.2 8 11.85
Description: Sample 58Ac
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.76 4 0.673 12.2 8 12.88
2 1.76 4 0.672 12.2 8 12.89
3 1.75 4 0.672 12.2 8 12.87
4 1.77 4 0.677 12.3 8 12.89
5 1.77 4 0.678 12.3 8 12.87
6 1.76 4 0.677 12.3 8 12.86
Description: Sample 58Ba
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.38 3 0.637 11.4 7.9 15.89
2 2.37 3 0.637 11.4 7.9 15.86
3 2.38 3 0.637 11.4 7.9 15.9
4 2.36 3 0.636 11.4 7.9 15.85
5 2.35 3 0.636 11.4 7.9 15.83
6 2.35 3 0.636 11.4 7.9 15.83
134
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 58Bb
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.11 3 0.582 10.6 8 15.19
2 2.11 3 0.581 10.6 8 15.2
3 2.1 3 0.581 10.6 8 15.17
4 2.11 3 0.582 10.6 8 15.19
5 2.11 3 0.581 10.6 8 15.19
6 2.11 3 0.581 10.6 8 15.19
Description: Sample 58Bc
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.99 4 0.584 10.6 8 14.7
2 1.99 4 0.584 10.6 8 14.7
3 2 4 0.586 10.7 8 14.71
4 1.99 4 0.583 10.6 8 14.7
5 2 4 0.583 10.6 8 14.75
6 2 4 0.583 10.6 8 14.75
Description: Sample 59Ba
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.73 4 0.594 10.8 8 13.62
2 1.72 4 0.594 10.8 8 13.59
3 1.73 4 0.594 10.8 8 13.62
4 1.66 4 0.582 10.6 8 13.49
5 1.65 4 0.579 10.5 8 13.49
6 1.66 4 0.581 10.6 8 13.5
Description: Sample 59Bb
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.58 4 0.639 11.6 8 12.56
2 1.59 4 0.64 11.6 8 12.58
3 1.59 4 0.64 11.6 8 12.59
4 1.46 4 0.593 10.8 8 12.52
5 1.43 4 0.591 10.7 8 12.42
6 1.43 4 0.593 10.8 8 12.42
135
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 59Bc
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.46 4 0.584 10.6 8 12.63
2 1.46 4 0.584 10.6 8 12.63
3 1.47 4 0.586 10.7 8 12.64
5 1.44 4 0.589 10.7 8 12.48
6 1.44 4 0.588 10.7 8 12.52
Description: Sample 60Ba
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.1 3 0.581 10.6 8 15.21
2 2.11 3 0.578 10.5 8 15.27
3 2.11 3 0.578 10.5 8 15.27
4 2.08 4 0.593 10.8 8 14.97
5 2.15 3 0.592 10.8 8 15.24
6 2.15 3 0.592 10.8 8 15.24
Description: Sample 60Bb
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.3 3 0.579 10.5 8 15.91
2 2.3 3 0.578 10.5 8 15.93
3 2.3 3 0.579 10.5 8 15.93
4 2.4 2 0.606 11 8 15.91
5 2.41 2 0.606 11 8 15.92
6 2.41 2 0.606 11 8 15.93
Description: Sample 60Bc
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.82 1 0.602 11 8 17.29
2 2.81 1 0.6 10.9 8 17.29
3 2.82 1 0.602 11 8 17.29
4 2.78 1 0.596 10.8 8 17.25
5 2.78 1 0.594 10.8 8 17.27
6 2.79 1 0.594 10.8 8 17.3
136
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 61Ba
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.7 1 0.659 12 8 16.16
2 2.7 1 0.659 12 8 16.18
3 2.69 1 0.66 12 8 16.14
4 2.57 2 0.629 11.4 8 16.14
5 2.57 2 0.629 11.4 8 16.16
6 2.56 2 0.627 11.4 8 16.14
Description: Sample 61Bb
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.27 3 0.664 12.1 8 14.79
2 2.28 3 0.665 12.1 8 14.8
3 2.28 3 0.664 12.1 8 14.8
4 2.28 3 0.664 12.1 8 14.81
5 2.28 3 0.664 12.1 8 14.79
6 2.26 3 0.664 12.1 8 14.75
Description: Sample 62Aa
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.62 4 0.472 8.5 8 14.93
2 1.63 4 0.472 8.5 8 14.98
3 1.63 4 0.472 8.5 8 14.98
4 1.63 4 0.472 8.5 8 14.97
5 1.62 4 0.472 8.5 8 14.93
6 1.63 4 0.472 8.5 8 14.97
Description: Sample 62Ab
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.58 4 0.534 9.7 8 13.71
2 1.58 4 0.532 9.7 8 13.74
3 1.58 4 0.532 9.7 8 13.71
4 1.61 4 0.543 9.9 8 13.74
5 1.61 4 0.543 9.9 8 13.75
6 1.62 4 0.543 9.9 8 13.76
137
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 62Ac
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.92 4 0.489 8.9 8 15.77
2 1.94 4 0.491 8.9 8 15.83
3 1.94 4 0.491 8.9 8 15.85
4 1.93 4 0.489 8.9 8 15.83
5 1.92 4 0.489 8.9 8 15.77
6 1.93 4 0.491 8.9 8 15.81
Description: Sample 62Ba
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.67 4 0.449 8.2 8 15.39
2 1.69 4 0.449 8.2 8 15.44
3 1.67 4 0.448 8.1 8 15.4
4 1.69 4 0.452 8.2 8 15.4
5 1.71 4 0.45 8.2 8 15.54
6 1.7 4 0.45 8.2 8 15.47
7 1.72 4 0.452 8.2 8 15.54
Description: Sample 62Bb
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.51 4 0.492 8.9 8 14
2 1.5 4 0.491 8.9 8 13.99
3 1.52 4 0.492 8.9 8 14.05
4 1.53 4 0.497 9 8 14.02
5 1.53 4 0.499 9.1 8 14.02
6 1.53 4 0.499 9.1 8 14.03
Description: Sample 62Bc
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.74 4 0.466 8.3 7.8 16.12
2 1.74 4 0.466 8.3 7.8 16.13
3 1.74 4 0.466 8.3 7.8 16.12
4 1.71 4 0.461 8.2 7.8 16.07
5 1.7 4 0.46 8.2 7.8 16.09
6 1.71 4 0.46 8.2 7.8 16.11
138
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 63Ba
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.1 4 0.527 9.6 8 15.94
2 2.1 3 0.529 9.6 8 15.93
3 2.1 3 0.527 9.6 8 15.96
4 2.08 4 0.532 9.7 8 15.8
5 2.09 4 0.527 9.6 8 15.9
6 2.09 4 0.527 9.6 8 15.92
Description: Sample 63Bb
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.41 4 0.632 11.5 8 11.94
2 1.42 4 0.632 11.5 8 11.96
3 1.41 4 0.632 11.5 8 11.93
4 1.42 4 0.634 11.5 8 11.95
5 1.41 4 0.632 11.5 8 11.95
6 1.41 4 0.632 11.5 8 11.93
Description: Sample 63Bc
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.93 4 0.527 9.6 8 15.3
2 1.93 4 0.526 9.6 8 15.29
3 1.94 4 0.526 9.6 8 15.35
4 1.92 4 0.517 9.4 8 15.41
5 1.92 4 0.516 9.4 8 15.42
6 1.91 4 0.516 9.4 8 15.37
Description: Sample 64Aa
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.39 3 0.606 11 8 15.92
2 2.39 3 0.608 11 8 15.91
3 2.39 3 0.606 11 8 15.93
4 2.35 3 0.594 10.8 8 15.94
5 2.35 3 0.593 10.8 8 15.95
6 2.34 3 0.593 10.8 8 15.95
139
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 64Ab
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.22 3 0.627 11.4 8 15.08
2 2.22 3 0.626 11.4 8 15.11
3 2.21 3 0.626 11.4 8 15.06
4 2.17 3 0.614 11.2 8 15.08
5 2.17 3 0.613 11.1 8 15.1
6 2.17 3 0.614 11.2 8 15.06
Description: Sample 64Ac
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.65 1 0.623 11.3 8 16.54
2 2.66 1 0.622 11.3 8 16.59
3 2.66 1 0.622 11.3 8 16.6
4 2.6 1 0.61 11.1 8 16.56
5 2.6 2 0.609 11.1 8 16.56
6 2.6 2 0.609 11.1 8 16.55
Description: Sample 64Bb
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2 4 0.699 12.7 8 13.54
2 2 4 0.699 12.7 8 13.54
3 2 4 0.699 12.7 8 13.54
4 1.91 4 0.661 12 8 13.61
5 1.9 4 0.66 12 8 13.6
6 1.91 4 0.66 12 8 13.6
Description: Sample 65Ba
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.24 3 0.61 11.1 8 15.3
2 2.24 3 0.61 11.1 8 15.31
3 2.24 3 0.611 11.1 8 15.29
4 2.24 3 0.61 11.1 8 15.33
5 2.24 3 0.612 11.1 8 15.3
6 2.23 3 0.61 11.1 8 15.28
140
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 65Bb
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.39 4 0.567 10.3 8 12.51
2 1.38 4 0.568 10.3 8 12.46
3 1.39 4 0.567 10.3 8 12.52
4 1.36 4 0.555 10.1 8 12.51
5 1.35 4 0.554 10.1 8 12.49
6 1.37 4 0.555 10.1 8 12.56
Description: Sample 65Bc
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.47 4 0.565 10.3 8 12.88
2 1.46 4 0.564 10.3 8 12.86
3 1.47 4 0.564 10.3 8 12.89
4 1.47 4 0.563 10.2 8 12.89
5 1.46 4 0.564 10.3 8 12.87
6 1.46 4 0.563 10.2 8 12.89
Description: Sample 66Aa
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.12 3 0.526 9.6 8 16
2 2.11 3 0.525 9.6 8 15.97
3 2.12 3 0.525 9.6 8 16
4 2.12 3 0.526 9.6 8 16
5 2.11 3 0.525 9.6 8 15.97
6 2.12 3 0.525 9.6 8 16.02
Description: Sample 66Ab
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.95 4 0.523 9.5 8 15.44
2 1.95 4 0.523 9.5 8 15.46
3 1.95 4 0.523 9.5 8 15.45
4 2.03 4 0.542 9.8 8 15.5
5 2.04 4 0.542 9.8 8 15.5
6 2.02 4 0.541 9.8 8 15.47
141
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 66Ac
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.58 4 0.491 8.9 8 14.36
2 1.58 4 0.492 8.9 8 14.34
3 1.59 4 0.492 8.9 8 14.38
4 1.63 4 0.507 9.2 8 14.36
5 1.64 4 0.508 9.2 8 14.36
6 1.63 4 0.507 9.2 8 14.36
Description: Sample 66Ba
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.04 4 0.512 9.3 8 16.09
2 2.05 4 0.512 9.3 8 16.09
3 2.05 4 0.512 9.3 8 16.11
4 2.12 3 0.524 9.5 8 16.2
5 2.11 3 0.523 9.5 8 16.19
6 2.12 3 0.523 9.5 8 16.21
Description: Sample 66Bb
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.81 4 0.498 9.1 8 15.2
2 1.81 4 0.5 9.1 8 15.16
3 1.82 4 0.5 9.1 8 15.21
4 1.9 4 0.517 9.4 8 15.27
5 1.9 4 0.519 9.4 8 15.27
6 1.91 4 0.517 9.4 8 15.29
Description: Sample 66Bc
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.82 4 0.498 9.1 8 15.21
2 1.81 4 0.497 9 8 15.21
3 1.83 4 0.498 9.1 8 15.25
4 1.74 4 0.477 8.7 8 15.21
5 1.73 4 0.478 8.7 8 15.16
6 1.74 4 0.477 8.7 8 15.21
142
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 67Aa
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.13 3 0.572 10.4 8 15.42
2 2.11 3 0.569 10.4 8 15.39
3 2.12 3 0.57 10.4 8 15.4
4 2.18 3 0.573 10.4 8 15.57
5 2.17 3 0.573 10.4 8 15.56
6 2.15 3 0.57 10.4 8 15.51
Description: Sample 67Ab
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.82 4 0.598 10.9 8 13.93
2 1.81 4 0.598 10.9 8 13.89
3 1.82 4 0.598 10.9 8 13.93
4 1.75 4 0.596 10.8 8 13.71
5 1.82 4 0.598 10.9 8 13.93
6 1.82 4 0.6 10.9 8 13.93
Description: Sample 67Ac
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.82 4 0.643 11.7 8 13.43
2 1.81 4 0.643 11.7 8 13.41
3 1.81 4 0.641 11.7 8 13.41
4 1.82 4 0.648 11.8 8 13.38
5 1.81 4 0.645 11.7 8 13.39
6 1.81 4 0.646 11.8 8 13.36
Description: Sample 67Ba
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.48 2 0.61 11.1 8 16.13
2 2.47 2 0.61 11.1 8 16.12
3 2.48 2 0.611 11.1 8 16.12
4 2.51 2 0.601 10.9 8 16.36
5 2.51 2 0.601 10.9 8 16.37
6 2.51 2 0.601 10.9 8 16.37
143
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 67Bb
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.5 2 0.6 10.9 8 16.34
2 2.51 2 0.6 10.9 8 16.37
3 2.5 2 0.601 10.9 8 16.33
4 2.5 2 0.6 10.9 8 16.35
5 2.51 2 0.601 10.9 8 16.36
6 2.51 2 0.601 10.9 8 16.37
Description: Sample 67Bc
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.21 3 0.617 11.2 8 15.13
2 2.21 3 0.616 11.2 8 15.17
3 2.22 3 0.616 11.2 8 15.18
4 2.18 3 0.626 11.4 8 14.93
5 2.2 3 0.626 11.4 8 14.99
6 2.19 3 0.625 11.3 8 14.99
Description: Sample 68Aa
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.39 3 0.552 10 8 16.63
2 2.39 3 0.552 10 8 16.62
3 2.4 3 0.551 10 8 16.65
4 2.37 3 0.543 9.9 8 16.7
5 2.38 3 0.542 9.8 8 16.72
6 2.38 3 0.543 9.9 8 16.72
Description: Sample 68Ab
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.15 3 0.532 9.7 8 16.03
2 2.17 3 0.532 9.7 8 16.09
3 2.17 3 0.532 9.7 8 16.09
4 2.11 3 0.522 9.5 8 16.03
5 2.12 3 0.521 9.5 8 16.06
6 2.12 3 0.521 9.5 8 16.07
144
Table A.1 (cont’d.)
Description: Sample 68Ba
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 2.54 2 0.568 10.1 7.8 17.79
2 2.54 2 0.568 10.1 7.8 17.79
3 2.52 2 0.568 10.1 7.8 17.72
4 2.59 2 0.574 10.2 7.8 17.88
5 2.6 1 0.574 10.2 7.8 17.9
6 2.6 1 0.574 10.2 7.8 17.9
Description: Sample 68Bb
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.98 4 0.519 9.2 7.8 16.42
2 1.97 4 0.519 9.2 7.8 16.37
3 1.99 4 0.521 9.2 7.8 16.44
4 2.08 4 0.536 9.5 7.8 16.55
5 2.07 4 0.538 9.5 7.8 16.49
6 2.07 4 0.536 9.5 7.8 16.52
Description: Sample 68Bc
Length
Pc No E [Mpsi] Grade SG Weight [lbs] [ft] Freq. [Hz]
1 1.98 4 0.544 9.6 7.8 16.04
2 1.99 4 0.544 9.6 7.8 16.07
3 1.99 4 0.544 9.6 7.8 16.06
4 1.98 4 0.544 9.6 7.8 16.05
5 1.99 4 0.544 9.6 7.8 16.07
6 1.99 4 0.544 9.6 7.8 16.06
145
APPENDIX B: INSTRON DATA
Modulus
Maximum Extension
(Young's
Specimen Width Thickness Flexure at MOR
SR Flexure stress
label load Max.load
2 mm - 3 mm)
(mm) (mm) (lbf) (mm) (psi) (psi)
1 37AaR 25.4 25.4 723.54 12.79 15,194.24 1,821,637.58
2 35AbM 25.4 25.4 577.94 7.11 12,136.78 1,792,798.69
3 35AbL 25.4 25.4 868.22 13 18,232.71 1,866,389.70
4 35AcR 25.4 25.4 421.7 5.93 8,855.70 1,420,019.39
5 35AcM 25.4 25.4 900.19 11.1 18,904.02 2,015,357.42
6 34BaR 25.4 25.4 900.19 12.34 18,904.02 2,254,493.94
7 35AcL 25.4 25.4 774.13 11.02 16,256.75 1,980,164.70
8 32AaL 25.4 25.4 919.72 13.9 19,314.21 2,188,501.72
9 66AbM 25.4 25.4 674.7 15.99 14,168.76 1,642,384.41
10 66AbL 25.4 25.4 5.34 0 112.04 -----
11 66AbL 25.4 25.4 784.78 15.31 16,480.37 1,709,953.65
12 66AbR 25.4 25.4 579.71 10.83 12,173.82 1,240,722.02
13 4BbL 25.4 25.4 625.87 10.31 13,143.28 1,512,460.17
14 39AcM 25.4 25.4 731.52 14.22 15,361.83 1,657,821.99
15 63BaM 25.4 25.4 424.35 10.41 8,911.26 1,438,521.13
16 54BaL 25.4 25.4 418.15 7.38 8,781.16 1,209,491.55
17 41BbL 25.4 25.4 6.22 0.43 130.56 -----
18 41BbL 25.4 25.4 679.13 12.3 14,261.81 1,566,470.22
19 63BaL 25.4 25.4 741.28 13.18 15,566.93 1,619,394.97
20 39AcL 25.4 25.4 573.49 9.21 12,043.26 1,513,158.64
21 39AcR 25.4 25.4 688.9 12.81 14,466.91 1,634,996.77
22 37AaL 25.4 25.4 848.69 13.86 17,822.52 2,002,453.17
23 37AaM 25.4 25.4 863.79 12.11 18,139.65 2,049,126.84
24 41BbM 25.4 25.4 709.32 11.1 14,895.62 1,580,547.69
25 41BbR 25.4 25.4 460.74 9.07 9,675.62 1,145,648.28
26 46AcM 25.4 25.4 680.02 7.16 14,280.33 2,190,092.91
27 48BaM 25.4 25.4 818.51 11.68 17,188.71 2,107,911.11
28 34BaM 25.4 25.4 740.4 13.67 15,548.41 2,066,032.15
29 34BaL 25.4 25.4 795.43 12.81 16,703.98 2,019,483.10
30 54AcR 25.4 25.4 562.84 11 11,819.64 1,322,618.13
31 54AcM 25.4 25.4 545.09 8.61 11,446.95 1,386,263.26
32 14BcM 25.4 25.4 925.04 14.9 19,425.79 2,279,256.19
33 37AcL 25.4 25.4 831.83 13.26 17,468.35 1,958,755.89
Table A.2: Instron Readings
146
Table A.2 (cont’d.)
34 32AaR 25.4 25.4 831.83 14.62 17,468.35 1,669,604.78
35 32AaM 25.4 25.4 781.23 9.79 16,405.83 1,988,730.03
36 6AbM 25.4 25.4 768.8 12.5 16,144.71 1,464,829.43
37 4BbR 25.4 25.4 744.83 13.02 15,641.47 1,670,498.26
38 6AbL 25.4 25.4 795.43 13.87 16,703.98 1,481,410.45
39 4BbM 25.4 25.4 694.24 12.81 14,578.95 1,619,735.76
40 4BcR 25.4 25.4 677.37 12.59 14,224.77 1,623,109.88
41 63BaR 25.4 25.4 666.7 8.88 14,000.70 1,687,831.43
42 4BcM 25.4 25.4 721.75 11.38 15,156.74 1,880,163.50
43 4BcL 25.4 25.4 774.13 15.38 16,256.75 1,809,696.76
44 46AcL 25.4 25.4 947.24 11.22 19,892.00 2,223,754.61
45 46AcR 25.4 25.4 641.85 7.17 13,478.93 1,814,996.26
46 48BaL 25.4 25.4 790.11 10.42 16,592.41 2,051,822.02
47 48BaR 25.4 25.4 721.75 11.82 15,156.74 1,894,599.97
48 54AcR 25.4 25.4 841.59 14.46 17,673.44 1,780,289.30
49 54AcL 25.4 25.4 578.82 10.86 12,155.30 1,341,018.74
50 56AaL 25.4 25.4 709.32 11.48 14,895.62 1,786,190.35
51 54AcM 25.4 25.4 647.19 14.15 13,590.97 1,336,473.79
52 38BbR 25.4 25.4 653.95 9.54 13,732.95 1,587,494.89
53 8BbR 25.4 25.4 618.52 11.38 12,988.92 1,449,163.17
54 68AaM 25.4 25.4 721.6 12 15,153.60 1,889,539.52
55 68AaR 25.4 25.4 674.89 12.4 14,172.69 1,714,466.37
56 68AaL 25.4 25.4 662 11.27 13,902.00 1,859,132.73
57 32BcR 25.4 25.4 808.74 12.25 16,983.62 1,987,273.86
58 32BcM 25.4 25.4 930.37 11.98 19,537.83 2,207,434.18
59 1BcM 25.4 25.4 743.05 9.49 15,603.96 1,856,833.98
60 32BcL 25.4 25.4 881.54 12.2 18,512.35 2,094,528.34
61 27BbR 25.4 25.4 335.59 5.94 7,047.34 1,239,332.47
62 27BbM 25.4 25.4 655.17 12.03 13,758.56 1,612,146.31
63 38BbL 25.4 25.4 670.86 11.64 14,088.06 1,561,814.25
64 60AcM 25.4 25.4 644.29 7.72 13,530.09 1,807,677.19
65 60AcL 25.4 25.4 686.97 11.78 14,426.37 1,478,893.00
66 47AaL 25.4 25.4 1,014.75 9.98 21,309.75 2,331,981.29
67 37AcR 25.4 25.4 832.74 15.18 17,487.54 1,897,098.12
68 47AaM 25.4 25.4 1,219.31 12.35 25,605.51 2,721,824.79
69 28AcL 25.4 25.4 725.63 11.75 15,238.23 1,679,727.45
70 28AcM 25.4 25.4 569.39 8.35 11,957.19 1,608,276.15
71 28AcR 25.4 25.4 744.15 10.76 15,627.15 1,679,541.52
72 37AcM 25.4 25.4 608.85 12.5 12,785.85 1,234,104.40
147
Table A.2 (cont’d.)
73 1BcL 25.4 25.4 587.11 11.91 12,329.31 1,362,055.05
74 14BcL 25.4 25.4 1,024.41 11.03 21,512.61 2,579,136.06
75 20AcM 25.4 25.4 575.03 11.42 12,075.63 1,197,952.23
76 20AcL 25.4 25.4 801.33 15.19 16,827.93 1,625,123.89
77 20AcR 25.4 25.4 547.64 14.83 11,500.44 1,204,071.96
78 56BaR 25.4 25.4 702.27 10.47 14,747.67 1,563,913.31
79 56BaM 25.4 25.4 703.88 9.98 14,781.48 1,840,825.31
80 8BbM 25.4 25.4 575.83 8.56 12,092.43 1,438,616.52
81 56BaL 25.4 25.4 695.83 9.7 14,612.43 1,911,981.80
82 8BbL 25.4 25.4 633.82 9.2 13,310.22 1,481,203.62
83 14BcR 25.4 25.4 819.05 14.85 17,200.05 2,099,662.13
84 60AcR 25.4 25.4 345.5 7.15 7,255.50 1,073,205.56
85 6AbR 25.4 25.4 517.85 7.96 10,874.85 1,290,088.66
86 27BbL 25.4 25.4 363.22 5.45 7,627.62 1,393,048.89
87 1BcR 25.4 25.4 796.5 12.29 16,726.50 1,809,392.27
88 47AaR 25.4 25.4 871.4 8.59 18,299.40 2,224,353.72
89 38BbM 25.4 25.4 618.52 8.39 12,988.92 1,660,874.36
90 35AbR 25.4 25.4 579.13 8.21 14,251.79 1,810,068.31
148
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