The use of synthetic biology to carry out functions achieved through conventional means are often met with higher performance and cheaper production costs, such as the modern development and production of recombinant human insulin in E. coli. This dissertation focuses on utilizing synthetic biology to access the versatility of proteins and unique features of Rare Earth Elements (REEs) through binding motifs found in nature.REEs are an essential resource for modern technology - anything with a screen, lens, glass, lights, magnets, steel alloys, or batteries require the use of REEs. In addition to their properties in magnetism, chemical reactivity, and temperature durability, REEs are also heavily utilized for their unique spectroscopic properties, making them crucial for almost every sector of industry, as well as molecular imaging assisted diagnostics. Current methods for mining these resources involve the extensive use of harsh chemicals and intense labor, not to mention low yields and excessive byproducts. Moreover, not only do REEs exist on Earth in a finite amount, but their mining and distribution is alarmingly reliant on very few sources, leaving the availability of such resources vulnerable to unforeseen circumstances.It would therefore be beneficial for nations to develop REE recycling technology with higher yields, lower costs, and environmentally friendlier methods. Herein, REE binding motifs were integrated into newly designed synthetic proteins for the bioremediation of rare earths and applications in molecular imaging.
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