Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) is a novel target in the treatment of vascular pathologies such as atherosclerosis and hypertension. It has been reported that the functions of this tissue include functions in vasoprotective activity, anti-inflammatory roles, and anti-contractile effects on the vessels that it surrounds. The lack of detailed investigation into the form and function of this crucial tissue beckons further research into the composition of this tissue. Comparisons between the structure of other adipose tissue throughout the body and PVAT provide valuable information on the potential presence of bacteria, viruses or fungi within healthy PVAT. This knowledge would enable an understanding of the changes that occur during a disease state of the PVAT and further elucidate the function during the healthy state. Using this, we propose further study into identifying a presence of microbiome within healthy PVAT tissue, and argue that current evidence provides support for a presence of this microbiome.
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