This review explores Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD) focusing on the complex pathophysiology, advanced diagnostic methodologies, and emerging therapeutic strategies. It synthesizes a wide array of studies to elucidate the molecular, cellular, and systemic changes characteristic of these disorders. Additionally, the review examines the socio-economic impacts and caregiver burden associated with these diseases, highlighting the need for innovative approaches in treatment and care. The effect of cellular senescence on the progression of disease pathology and symptomology; markers and mechanisms of senescence are identified and explored in this review. The document aims to provide an in-depth analysis, identify gaps in current knowledge, and propose directions for future research.
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