EVALUATION OF CORROSION IN COPPER WATER TUBING Thesis *or flu Deqnc of M. S. MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY Arthur L. Piumley 195.7 11 1111111111 1111111111 31 292100 1111 L I B R A R Y Michigan State University EVA1ZIATI£3 03' 5312:1253?! H GCPFH HATER WEEK) by xii-12m L. PL’Jfim 41141518 ammumum-«mum Wan auto vulva-31v o: Agricultm and A9911“ sum in mm Win-Int of tho manhun- tow tho Guru 0: W13 L? $613363 MchufiotW 1957 ‘3" ’ 2 / ' 3‘11 g,“ 3171’) 1111:3511?! (3" mwszcn Iii 03:42:31 Ham: mum; by mm x. run-mar .63 $133156? WM to tho Come. at set-nu and Art.- Mchigm Stat. firdvonity of Agric um and Applied 5cm Ln W fulfill-mt 01.. tho mumb- for tho flow at 1:13:13 6‘ m “'1'? ms awarim£ at W W%md a , \ V LESTHACI Wmdmmihmmmmtqw unwary. petunia}: in M1. and mm m:- Wm Whaplmdmmnuuwopmhudupmm. Lnflmomtnmmmnmammnw mm; mm inhuman “:1me auto mus-aw. A maummmmuwmupmmamum mum (mm) mmmuw rumpurpoucrdotmin- mum-ammmm ammumummmqmamtmu malnuawmmmnwwmuw- mmmnmm. WWMCWMW uwmmmmum “mutants-rumor mm.npmaunvtmmflmmumapmmbmg fun 1: national for rum Oman... vummuficmmm-pummmwmn- ammmta)mmuummmmrummwmm {mnmummmnso‘nuummm Mttihfim’i.fiihmlynntWMdaMta m'unw'rgmb)mmonmormmww. WWotfiA-WWmmeyd-m In; tho an Wu after Wm WM. mm- muummucpmdponwmm AM mmnmumnmtuapmmmmw tam. Wmnfltmfinmuormwnum WMhflIWmumu-mnmuuhuuw Wmuloouy. Fro-um. who. nwumm manamnpmummvnmuw'nmmun mum‘s-mumummvm. Thom mmawmuwmmmwumuw “(math-tubing. ram-yAmus/kmmm mmumm'rgtamxulmwmm mum-crummmnmunngmmmw fiuwmw. ma‘nwm-mwmtm mumwumwmamm m- mummummmmmm tamumwmuntcnuumuam MW. mmcmmwummmwt “mummiu-mn-qummumm «mummmmmmm'wmvu Mdnnfiuinmw. TWO-plum.” «mmpzuuumumammmnm “mamwmmmmu unmanmmummtummu wunmmhmotuam. lenbhmdmmuton-dummmfl mvmmmmuwmaunmm mumwummmcm. VITA 1:12:22 t Mum- may Flmle y may: member 23, 1331. mam (zit-y, Cklahm 531132.223 (2,1:sz 8 rend PAggfln high Emmi. Wacua. 2.13.133: 13%“an mum £31335» him Aiming». (Lido LIA-335 1111;11:11th $13M Unimaity. mt mwg. Adam megs-1:57 9.1:?th 13.3. in 62mm, Antioch 601105,: 1335' new} ms Mumeumetu-tufingmm “Mdfl.Wmemm auu¢mommpwwmna1mnmt mmmmuutcummwuumw tum-Int. TASIA (3' 053st H ‘fsi .I'u'¥ f» I . m AE‘LU‘JUA 16:17:33 0 . 0 . O O I I O O O O C I C Q Carmina. . . o c . . . . . . . o o . . . BthCa-mm. . . . . . . . . . . WWW“. . . . . . . . . . o mmmummmmumm. . . . mmuumncmxm . . . . . o . . . fltflmeGu-nm . . . . o o . . 03:11:04.!“me . . . . . .. . . . . ammumuamrm. . . . . . WOW‘W . . . 0 6mm . . . . . . . . . o . . . . 71-23 mmosm 9mm; 4r mama srm uxrmmr . . . . Autumn-m o o . o . o o . o o . woman-unwary»)... . . . . . . . . . . WNW o . . . . . . . . . . . . W G! {HE mm CF GEEK-5111;! o o . o o o o o . 3:me . . o . . . . . . . . . WWW. . . . . . . . . o wwww. . . . . . . . . Radioman-6w. . . . . . . . . . . . . . WquflGm-im o . . . . . . Quantum Winn am Photon-phi and mum. WFICATIGH CF DEPESIT3 . a . o . o . . o o . 0 «E “ugaaceaaggotmrruuunuwv WJIELSIAL I c- EVALBAS‘IQ! ALBLJ . 0 “WW“ 0 . . . pmmmw . . . WOW I o o o . 0 WWW o . . . . Wmumwmgmuu. COECUISICHS. o o o u o o- o o o . WM 0 o . o . . . o Imam Fm tub in Van manna. vmvkuuuwm WeirWMmuum o WMMdWmmm 0 £335.53???“ 11 0'- 133E?!” FICA? 103 Cf 8123903113 50333133103300.0600... BBW?¢PHI.-.oooo..o 1". §§§3aasssn=sza LIST (3 rm man: I Palwmm... . . . . . . . . . II Mmmm . . o . . . . . . . m mzwmum . . . . . . I? Wtflmtfypoficqrpn‘mbmg. V nmwmuummmmg. . VI MOIWMWWG. . . o 1. o . VII rmmmmtouwmmg. VIII mmuwmwm. . . . . . . 11' BwMQW o . . . . . . . . . nu WWW. . . . x mwwwwm. . . . . . . 11 WW“ .1 . o o o . o o o In! hmtuwmbym . . . . . 0 III" muwumwmm o . o o . o m: WfiMsW . o . . o . . . XIV mrmm-nmmna. o o o o o . o fizaazaasaczaa:=ai LET C? I" 1.75.3.3 715m 1. mumttypocomm . . . . . . . 2. Tia-Pm]. . . . a . . . . . . . . . J. ream-1100p. 0 o a . . . . . . . h. Hut Wm for flu has Pml . . . . . S. mammurmuu . . . . . . . 6. rummage-ammo: . . . . . . LWIQWW...... 3. WIWWMOWI - o o o c 9. MW m4 mercy): of Coma-d W L111 mm 10. hm has in Wall 1”:qu Vanna Tmporstm 11. Ma: 1.083 in tall A‘Mcicnul Yuma Impentan 12. A7311” Lon in Hall “ruck-mu hm.- Tam-penta- 1.3. thmm Luau in 1nd} Thickness Warsaw Yummy . 1h. fiaximm to” in R111 magma Vanna “1001125! 0 15. Lung. was in 11311 Twain's." 7mm: Velocity . Minted izicmw'wr 16. nun-Ln Loss in km "fluctua- Fern-u $3939”an 17. 2‘30:me Low in Hall TMcknou Vanna ”Emmet-azure 13. "qu has: in 1.4311 Thickness Versus newsman-1 19. 11-2va Lou in Wall 'E‘hickzmsa Versus Velocity o 20. mm L000 1:: W311. um» Van-ans V0100“! 9 21. Amy. has in Hall ‘i’i'sickmu firm «haw . agssuccgsapcmg o t" 0* 0 kn. ML) 88 Elm 22.Wim£wmum........ I). Wuyammmumsmm . 21.. Mom at m m supm with stop ma . 25. mmufimmuwswmgo . 26. mmndlmmmumsupmg . . 27. Momuxmmmh-umaupw. 88. humans-mm . . . . . mmwmins......... mqumTw-ntm wmuwmaumomm AwuuuwMVmWr-m 33. rmmnwmuvmvmw . 3n. muuummmuv-mmw . 35. AM no» in an mums. than. many . )6. WMWEWMM J7. mmummmmm 33. Ammammmirmumw . )9. Amuumwmm armament: . ho. xwmnmamtmm . . . 1515-16? LEEOAECT ml Baring tho mt quarter coma-y, newer and us alloys. largely ham 9! their met-mess. two round meaning no. u tubing for both emu). and dam-tie um mun-mum film. In this in period than mm an tipsurgn in 1.2.0 ammo. instant c: III-tor. pmiculnw for the purges. at Main; harm-u. Cancun-Inn}. u pmmfmmmmlotmiaaMwnmmrmm-u hmbmnmmd. “3mm. manhubmmmlo mmtmnmwum:mormMm-ummm And in the "dz-scum at their 1mm. mmrmuwammmnummmbummm o: mmmumuwm nth-Manama- mmuummmaimmmtmorMmadmwuurwbm rumobmmmwmuunuu “mu-4m eminent. What-mm mo 1) nwmmumuon ma «@1th- o: the warm typos or main “my 2) C un- mionot mmthodsotutcrmm mmdfmcnool- mimic“ at mm; 3) a brief damn: o: u- omca prom.- u. madam Emu Saharan” k) 1 "you on man]. author» at «slut»- ing tho m o! cormaimy S) - fixation of x-rq diffraction named. for «mm-um of corrosion pea-wt. maiden; and 6) general cam:- mc‘l minimum WC! manual or electrochemical deterioration of natal. 1| humus: u norm ion, in canal-at to minim. which mp1}... dostmudn by 1 Waning. Inga-anus» mumoruammumtu «migration at tho damnation lid 10111 I» aim.“ rm» A brie! mum of tin tapes of carrocion bu bum mm (rm W tom-cu} Enact (23:11:21 1302mm moMednacuonmmm‘pmmmmukopu-tuthua prmtwuonotnommefuauul. munumunmuu allow to pm on ma new lurtm. m scum or acid on a an“). art?! famtionofmm Mlaudumummwfia amu- p33", 3?. Wifid mien. Hannah-mica mien. c decoder-aux: or mtah 1a an 0100- trek“. kmlvei dissoluuan or and in: to «1106 media mu and minim of hydrogen {m talcum at «than. can. the tuna “swamnimdommwdmmzmhmmd uthfiommbcamby mam wrmnummtm mrwummm mmmarun. hotnpou. cu. num- ma W 8111 not continua, ham milea- tvm'om A. «ulna or mural w «mafia» “mmuruMdWoawrrmmMMW ammummamm umaqutnotm vat-1m tom eat chem]. eel-mien 1:111 b0 aim mvmu-rm um mmmen can-am - zm mu W a: much "salt. tun n mull h Muted]: comizecm Inc: a 10“ nut-1n (mm twining-nun) mm in a final: coma” 001mm. Comdm of this type mama at» the 3mm of m “flaunt nun]. who: pm. an “091 um.- in GOppIr £1.9an or the bran Wmfiamxfludcflul chip. Carma-gum CID. 6mm - A mutation or 013mm om- nieaoon. 0:th ammumxmwmmm 1. M Miami?» natal. in tho m Quack“. (£31m. «11) a. fun ”tall in diff-nut chomhtcu. (Mall 0011) 3. m um mm in two £1.30th mmusuom of fin III. 0W. maummfcnorehemlruom 31m. A. Th. mm mm in two «MINA thumb“... #1:.ng or media corrosion-ovum u u:- peek-quid tenet deaanImmummMmmmbynm mmncwmmcu-mwsmnm Mummoumwmmnmmwmwn- mum. Hunhmlmmmnwuummumm mummumunumunuumamwm- dan- pitting in men- mama. A linplo Maw all light “unmummwmortuvame rum in 803399: tubing 1- usually of 6690811; sum fun In munch th- piu occur under pawns dammit: of enrmaiaa precinct! or 1. {only tutorial. 1w typo at pitting 1. duo to tho Imam): at a) Wraith: coll. In thin manta-sum coll tho mo in mint vim a mum 2m in mm boom. media ma 1: unruly mm M tho m in 0mm ISM) 001mm): big!) in mm homo “thou. and to em. momma. '1‘?» or“ m o Wait. lacing 031th tron content lit-h tho ”hum (:ng my)» hem. mu and 1.4 the: tangent to non-onion. Fitmg 1.. {mo-nu: 33th um l’twt condition. umuman-amunhmmmamqummu “simulation. Itumtmtnhrmutmimmwbo Mlmwmmowmmtdwmomd WWW. mwumumcmu whammmmmmunmmmummu mummiunmummnmmuwwmu WNMhBMum‘mmuan “Chilton-d. Wmmhumoofbruotubmmw “It; My moi-mum 11 ”lat-ad primarily“ mum o! maul) it) ooppor twining one: amummm wrest. no further amnion. 5m W and Corrosion hugs). -- (Zorro-1m w b. mm by mm) “”0“me ammo. Monlyw wrmmmmm MWudwww wpmompmwichwcmflmnmwm not amount hm graham it. Mantrm of grain- hy m m distribution of Moon new lead to pitting. Comm tourn- 1| 'D c+ H J (T) (P 'J‘ (D '3 "I ’1 (W {‘1 P‘J' ‘3 ,J } J. :3 5 :: Ho ( ‘\ I? (Q- 0-4 '0 '5 .9. 1 “J '3 ‘1 L.‘ A. ‘ '3 y.) (N y J H) C. ’4. D net-hating or (:3 *3 .: ' ._... :,. I. .-', ' -...‘v chv10naccrr0510n or Impinbxnent Corros;)n - “Fuilfl 1? usua1.y re— R ' ‘ -‘ "' ’ r": ‘v '4 !' -\- ‘- v V" 3. w- . - 3 ' O a an. v- r- 7' . ‘ 'deH1 «3 a un;+rvgt1»e ,rccezs 1nv01v1ng conczrrent rthVél of mate— : ‘ n . 3......- ,....."I* ., .. . ° r1.!. Tnn1n~~w»n, or er091nn~c was... _n n JmLJg thracterlzed by rapid and repeated dertructicn of protective surface f; n: in thu pr anc.e of ra ‘5cily movi n3, turbulent Ziguid:. Copper tubing suffers irnxn~em attack in svstoms vnfrre fhe velocit 03 the v.at:r is U (.0 p;“" .J-J x unusually high and/nr- urbx nnt, wd “o"' no rrJ+u1+ ve film i or the in tialTy formed film has been Ioccened. Breanzce the flov is subject to c«: strurtion irregularities and turbulence, attack usunlfy nrednminated in local areas or sections near the inlet end cf the tutwn ,b!t mav eYtnnd the entire leng+h of an installztion. Lntrained air bubbl es, brr::k: ng as they ccntact the surlr: -1 . s acc«lgr1tcr C») ‘3 tIflJi‘l-g, act easily 1*rrt3plfid by Ltn CT? : rt-"ng._., elongated pits, frequently underrnt in the dnvnstrcam direct on. (Firure 1 .4- ..-——p/e._rcr/a4/ or WATER 720m -—--—-— I ”(279845 183605? )F (fiaCCflSW/V 1’me _ .__. —..— m - Itdé£ OS/AV Q2197: *‘1 '1. *..-. rm, - Turn 1. gx"n5ct nt :Jpe Corrcvgfln ..—“ ‘ \fi Carma-Wm: Wmdwpwmmwy-umamwnwm WWMWlewummmea “mama. thuuumtupu‘ucuhflyn- mun.“ lid its WW 1. 10!; a mint. armad. mdMOanJnflh. Emumdtimficopsrinmo anmihrina unmmsmmmrwtmm “WmucuwpuMmunmtwm-mmo: mum-taxman» nmmmaummu (mumumnfiuhdhmufimkudfiamc ' Wmmmmcmumnmamu aWhMaam-Wmatwmmm muMc-mwwm (admin-bomummtmmmmuwm M‘MMWWW. mrmammupom mmmm.mm-Mmmmtum ”Mum. I‘mmmmtrmmanmhmau MMWImIdHMtthW. Wm MMmWMMwMMGaunW mmwmxntntmotommmm WWW mummwiMpMmuioMeawmhanmnh-v WV M «M u :m 813m!» "hawk wax-v10!» Inn- $113!: Wmmnmsuamimnmm amdmummnmdumm. mulunnayni’mwumuuudhmumw tutu-both magma-mama Wan. Ming“ Wmmmfmwndtnfmmhnfnam variously macaw rem of mm. know pitting «a taping» "5‘ m1“. “I 81' 2211::qu 3mm Ltilifllufitz r253 #3223161: £2225: :rm- to 1:51. a???“ Int-.6: tabim 1:: an in van-1.2m building on 1::- 22mm» mat. University campus mm In Win Iguana. dong-din ; mic. mm of up to thirty years. In an: mm: dani- ury. (mm: 22211. bum. in m9. our 3W W hum. occurred stamina tho interval Jam 1951 to man“ 1952. cam lbw: than. railwa- led to tho mun—luau a: n warm-1am mm. mm. u. this ecu-rm .mlmd "prenatal". f rm tho Uni- malt: and firm m. mama-y‘- mor coma: tubing Wm sun man than had been pmicus comm on tho problem. A: m outcom- e: 1221- enmfam; the flaws: md Bnu- Fiona-ch minim (3&2), : mfiwtw'o «minim. W m nonunion ub- mitts. and in Wmum with tho Manny. W a mum- . “that Main maxim wrung prom. This mun plains comm up pm. of “211:. um. éotcminatim e: the came of tin {01121.n- m £120 21213222123» auto Unitas“: mmum- and pheasant mum of tho (mm: of that. £41m: mad mm. "(Malignant manic: mtg-om omens- non: of tho tn.» and aria-say man a: nah oormsim. Tho mgr- mmquMicNI-mhinfimmmdmwn nun m water tj‘l’m with a sewn»? CW? 13 33mm It "mum of no}: awash. macaw. this study hi. imam awmaa u:- oxtuu 0t variational in Wigwfah‘m. in “bony .135 in type. at m circu- lgtod mg: a 1mm of W? unto:- tubing. water: at "3-104 m- panama var. emulaw urfluga ml. at cappor tubing in nah u 3 9 m that. m effect: of six different. twain-am. and 11v. veloci- u» could in chum-mi. Tho mum 12:! maximum work am not witty-y but an owufifi u t meal: or emanation: m our u 1332*; part3! at 1.115.. It. had been and that mama “placements for cone-aim (mm. or ennui has {1121252313 in Lima new 1213?: had been) in m for . 1m: $130. Them in magnum flat. 1:! W 61133! bah-25:, mf- tmrammbayommpomsofmm‘m Wramamnuhn $17.17 10' uni Warm. mu. m preteen?! 1‘1]: awmt]: built. up unis: than. operating emulation. flavor installations apgm to hurt practically no pronoun £11: 8121 not. {Gin-.1 m WI to has" mun 0mm. mmamtiam mmcmnmwm mmmwmrmangarw mam-mum odmnbafmum Twmmtm hhnmrnngtdm’baw’t’. Martha-Imam then appear-- so no no ogmty for the font-um a! g may. coating. Newcbmamommmmmmmnn “Wmfmwttaflmbmum We: mamas muMwthmmmmmmmm-n mum). Mmim. WWIMMW’mem Wumwummmmanmm 71m “mum at w tabs. in which 1.11m- had new macaw pita- tm-mmmwp-«m mammaurmmmmn murmummmwmwurmamu cum-mu) lam-mac: Wanton-mm. (am-mu «muthmnmumnm-ncufiwnwmnm. 10 flat. 1-. to ham 3 szfly positiw hum 17:16:: for than :3 sum. (3) bymm of mm 3.1m pm: in the diam-main ayabm. Eo- circulation pang): had been 12mm in $323 not sum: 11m: ha 15521:" W dclinry or has unfit-er to tam on upper nm of the balding. (2..) hymns fl;maum mam: tar «241223 39011?“ "#:2133191" with partisan: “mum being: paid $0 tho ringing may or elflm‘im, {3,} controlling the em'taon diam mamas at. tho wall: and remain (6) “mining to m than mam mining; in the firm. Thp MO W1" manna hm lubflaatm mined {in m:- or hum: on was. water mi mam Mama “indium finmiuaot humilmingthrwgbfiu mwmmuwxwmumwpmmgudm MW. rmmwmummmummmmm a: 9mm tin. fancy-Lag m mod inn WI pram In tho 0011‘ 58’: I’. 1:3,". Cl”! F25“. 1"“: F0“: ‘1'“: 3’: 51.0 333.0 60.“. 623', 1:33;. 63,“. Piaf". Thu-i sq .100 b. pram Mud can. m u 0.. Cu” 323.. ('33,. 321.. m with uremia mam at vat-1mm unnatuspcndadmtermmhulmsu em. tic. m.- lam is usual]: imam "by chla'imtion. tarantula. gar-fin. on. us who it potable. In .1th water and far both: Ind, 1321617 and any demand pianos" m ho treated to mun 2m. Th. presence at say of tho We mntiawd tan. or of am or tnatmmt mom: in tafficimt man“, may alter titan wmim of fix. vaul- W tho whim, fl‘flugh mien it. new. Puffin: can- n mumwmnmumummw mwmmmumumnmmmuuu mwmcmmummuxmmw “and“. nmmmmmurm uMbflufllmflnammmth-mfmfl- mmmmmuquanmwum mmuuwnmm. mmmwmmmmmmwutu thumuuuammmmmm mmmummwuuuuuwum Ina. MWQWWIuflmWRW. AtMMmbmmnuu-tumm; mommmwmmmmma ammrmmumum “squad-db .mmwummmuuwumuum wmmammuwm ma(mwgutmmugwum1m mmmuuumm. uncut-Mum «nurwmuwmm. Human-«mum w.mummwmmuw mmmmmummundmmu mummmsmu. bond-“Why mum-2mm humans-tum mummmmmmmmmurummn- mama-awn“. mwmmmmwmm u in. éissoitsd cam ms. and main sufficient dissolved was. ”mad-datum. amsiotflasrunebjscumsbls wumtmgmmummumumem bMWhthsMsdmmmunmmmm smut-s. Mmmtismuuswudhn viststhismm fimmmufinl’mu mwmammwmumimsmum www.mmmvmmwauwm Marshall-storm. mummuum mmmmmmmmmmmam mammmmu. mmmlmumoxmmummmmmm xmmmummamwameMuynn-sus- mmumw-sdenmnn-s. Must-insists mmumummmm.wmumm rumthuW (Fin-Illa!» um»: “smumdmmhumbzumtusdhu-das isspstthspul.) mwmmummwm nmmummwm Mummwmmuininpuhsmtss mummummum. Wiutinsnrths MwiummaWsnaWu-dm- «mmmmmwmuww.nunuu 22mg. auto Murat}. n2. spa-sting mums m tbs val-Ins loops of the panel were room tempera— ture, 80, 110, 1&0, 170 and 200°?. It is noted that the useful temperatnre range of water is covered. Thermally reguleted heat exchangers Kore used to obtain the desired tenoeretures. (Figure b) The sections were approximately 60 diameters in length, this being the minimum length to allow free flow in the major portion of the tubing, thus minimizing the effects of turbu- lenv: at tLe uni uh. The Irter flow was set at 6 gallons per minute in order to obtain a velocity of 1.5 feet/second in the l l/h inch section. This is the critical velocity for ini- tfiation of turbulence in the 1 1/L; inch tubing, there being streamline water flow bel w this velocity. Im- pingement corrosion should, therefore, be at a minimum in tubing of this die- meter. Corresponding velocities in the remaining sections are a function of their respective diameters. The dimensions of the tdbing sections are < x ‘f V\ \Y\“ ._ ‘. ~\ \ c c \ ‘4 \ K x \ \ A! ‘- km x\\-\ ~ V \\\ _ \\\ ‘ M \\’. . y \ \‘ ‘v \‘ ‘\ \ ~. \\ _ ‘\ ‘ \\>\\\\ ‘ ‘\ )\\\‘ \ "x x W V ‘t ‘\ \ \_\\ . \ '\\A \‘.\ \ @7674 /577700/’ mm‘ Ease/Woof 3A Flyura 3 7267/00/76/[00‘9 /1//0__z:_z - 72/5 a/xéylt/fly Frag/2M 00¢ of 51x Zoo/05’ //7 0 comp/e 72:5 7’ FAA/£4 KEY 49 swwews {a . . Thermo/ Peyu/a/or A... . .Ezdacer JO/a/V F313 . . 7': [or 2%e/momz/zr we I ..... 8 a fix”) p/Jo/flg 3/4 ”fl/A. a...” 1040“ V0¢/¢r 7657‘ /am éa/Yam 0,0 'y/Ae 0M , //”, /” 343 y/zz’ ';’/ fi/fl/vsrfie Wow/#152) asco/z fl» ,0sz (ma/ei- 5475 f /5 /"=— 4 '0” I : i 71/4770- “fiflvjfi jaunt m m. MAME ‘73:; mafia/er 5/wfl? //? 4 ’ ‘ . 5,, cut / 5&4”? - 77.207! -[ 15/50/29” __JJ .—_—~, (5750/); 77m) included in Table I. The panel was in actual Operation a total of 1498 days. The only interruptions in opera- tion occurred at about four month intervals, at which time the panel was cusplei'lj disassembled for inspection by the committee during the quarterly corrosion conm ferences. These inspec- tions were visual, pri- marily by means of a horoscope, in order not Figure h. Test Panel Heat Exchangers to disturb the deposit forned on the interior of the tubing. Table I Panel Specifications Diameter 1 l/h (inches) Length 6 (feet) Velocity 1.5 (ft/sec) at 6 gal/min 1 3/1; 5 h 2.3 3.9 1/2 5/8 3 2 8.1 13.1 16 ampulmrmeatmmuaapmmum mummiummwmmmomumxyms alummmthomtu. (Tubman-harm- mum-mmmnumonmpMsm WOMW.) ummmwmmmmuvmnmm W in in. m. in!» but In put am- to: tum- ob- mucu. tumultmflmntmmmimpm wmuwzwmm.mmouwnmumm “WW“WWWfflW Pawmwmmmmmtw- mam-m'm-nm mewuucm mmwmmwmmmmmummp numummanw. mwmmwnsmmmmxw mmwmcmmmm-mwmmmu “WMWWMM. (11131011) muumwmmawm muuwmm(rmxm.mmuw ummcrmnmmnummmbm nut). mootmmfldunnuwbyMMOt mmamwmwuwym. (Tobi-311.1111) ,- a....p-m~avu s.” .\ " 1“.\ ‘71.. (m V4 I . y...a,...m-_.q-...-.. ..3 "L .. . 4. 1- 4;"; .t's .‘AJ 17 mo following are minimise en the home 60;.» comet Lama a: sewer 81.2%: 1m aoctism by (it-.1: {'11 meters at. the. 1:1th irm’ficm Kiwi-er 12. ‘~ 7'11 iii-.5." {WWI ’g' titer: '3 n! . ." 1” Com" 9 ”an...“ Tm. T1359 Elf. TE turf. m A —- ._ — are“ 2220* 170‘ 110' w. «item-'57 very dark scale. m alight swim sitting. at inlet atoms: for Mat 3/}! use same as aw”. 93:336. inlet attack in flout 1". oi-Wi brow mum. def-35.3.2.0 but alight «rosin: b:vi:tifl;;. 95.9mm, tut- m. billimt vanity effect at «strum. wifml nur- i‘am vim this brownish £113. .f“!!. «13:33. tut Emitter and ems trial-2t swim! spots. “Some. but new. wary mag}: , with tritht Lotm of pita. owu stifled and rougiwsfil 513“” E‘WWEWR 91’. um: mm brig-ht 8mm. 027.9513. but :mamwiww Em affect. «Laue. Of‘ffi’ifio .mrmm tenure” Mimi-3- wright swim am‘faeo with mm of tram coals. +E‘:La19, but man owning. m but with swgimsimlzr treats:- catering. «use, with prowess ively greater etching. gees-1y etched surface with Salami» 03: km scale. {truism Em 5mm Kiln. no qrmwt cosmimo 53am. 5%! n.- Sam. It at? hm scale. so segment. new» Sme- 54310. 5;; lot t3 tram scale. no E'vtzm‘ant, 3‘13"? “1-. 9,111,115 atci'ml caps-er masses with mall 1819.138 at We smegma 1.12." ”rm (starvation 18 to. 36W Wammmumgisxsmm W. Cboorvation Bit-action Cheer-ration. 53‘ mp0.“ F10! mm mm 3m)». 3/3 Lt. firm In (San. Wm. ctr.- Largo medic man was him mu «medic . 1/1 1.3. Em rot clear Gen. corrosion. 10- um. mam man 1min M: Lt. sum to can. melon. 1:- media and cathodic 1111!! an» equal 1 ' ‘3... EM at $111,113 fan. uniform m1 1mm. um- pu- 1% 1.2.. rm to Very that Gan. eac- mttled 11.33% lesion. n17 mall and dark 1.1m M. 3/3 n. ma firm m cm: cm. guitars. um 31.1w.- medic 11H. m «nu-us end) enc- their. lane-gun In: on «M I“. of ism 1/! Lb. Rad Em in: clear Goa. pitting . a. 3A Lt. M 2m ta. can. :21th - m numerou- um 00 “row and.“ mu 1 Lt. IN firm In fun. Won. n- »W 19:30 low We 1m. pitting a mu. mmrmu mm M Imam mile ma 1}. 3/3 11.0- 3/1 3/2 E'wt‘uasd‘ 11.51% and M 11.. {3.111111 m 122.121.111.213 largo um amu- c2121u~115 101mm. hot. clear 1'13! align 3129:1111 deposit human mm mm." ”51.22.11 21-9110 m 511104-1213. 8111113111 human 81:: ....a-1 W 11111111121. 06m 11113121108 31.1mm wzmita varying films) :11 bran. p13 02.2mm Vary mall mm“ Fad 31mm. 6312121119211 11.331 Eli-‘11 {IQ-3'15, Jainism" 1 11110310 new Eva-111111.! .m.mm1! Fed 11m 311-2221221221 11.11.: and 61:21:11, 1311.352: stapes its in 3311.510 mm 3am. 31.11.11 avian man 188 1118 I0. 11911 1111110113 Tan 1101. 015119113 but. 01211111113 19 13m (1011. cc‘mim. {fem 81.13.11 isl-u‘m C1111. cermtiw ... 123: n 1111112113; 1111;112:111; m is- lmfla. 1.001 1.111, on at- {1.112111% 65.1215 61‘ 16111113.. "11.12.11 131311.711. saw- a! 1/3" L321. cam-031.1111. 31.1w- tii‘ém’l 1915111111. 1:01:13. 1111:; an aim. «11111.11 1 .6, 5113': ‘3 3f“... 63111;);7 ”51313930 ”123 tawd- 0d pita (Em. 121111211. 181333118 Wm law}. of pit. 1.1m. mmim .21- 8111110 (1111.361! 01‘ ”act. in dimtian of £1011 Goa. mama-1. can. 111111.21; 515-1.;2Ld plum- - u in 3/2:- 641.1. eras-111211.011. long o: 3.101! elem: Milan. 111111131313 mrmfiad was Wt (111; 113111.118 56131.. 2102.11.311131'111'25. 1119121111113 clean and r1113 W18 35825 W 1'. 1.111% to C lasmr 111:: 3:12:11 170' 3/3 1/2 3/3: 1/3: 3:" be, Pm‘zlinéz ed lien 661706.11; 0:2. MLE'MLB gash! Sane. 15.13: pmmnmi ma ‘5. ”53:11:33: 2’me mm mm. an 15ml..‘.$}p fiflgiifl’f to 31.1)“ 1' Fm, 1:113; mm: 50% char in £20116 «mm ”an. 192:: 1:20:33 yam: P50 Lt. mafia}: Ni}. 109 R38 tam an em: 20:111.: mam, 311.... .‘rfi‘. (111110“.‘3 in 3:01.110 91% 1:. £th mm Yea by 6GP}: 11mm . cream of 3:3be mm 1’“ pita rm? Em. man. Yes «main W IR: 2333 21%?) man-‘1 1:0 60:10 “was $209133 (ar m” c) g— a firm 20 Gem Lian-.319 Can. pittk‘g; graham efiact 1n tiara-cum cf flow. Mum pin (clam) 53:9 3.3 3/3”. 1:236: 3,11%er mad than. maim‘flg. can. moot}: mznicd m ram. ocn‘oclzrxn. out]: (an. ems-1m, mm pin-1.330111% 13.13138 «I'm. comicm u in 179’ 3/3” but not In W13 (3m. elongated mum. act. as serum as 3/3. flan. 1mm gd'tw Lama clam wand W13 6611. mm. pit-W 53:36, pit-mm but has 31:0: 1;: Ejffl‘aha 21 mmmwuauuuopumm;xu mmmmnumommmpmuwu lull. msrwuuehmumwmmmmm mmnlbqniflmfimtmmmmwmdfiw mums mm». Sine. fin pitting min-d at mmt or WWtummuimmchudmdflmcnm Whmmmaimmmdanmuomhduu W typo. Emmmwmmummp mumnmmuammmuumhumum mntmumxahmmrmmrum. Human-m mmtmwmmummumum. Muhammmflvamnw-domatw mmm‘mm. Maw-muntmumnuw mmwmnmrmrmmgmum plmmthotht-MUO'NWFWWMG- mummmwmmm. Mahmamwwm to 1mm.“ loan rum-moo to "loony off-nu n high-r mum» W the dope-1t 1. mam-my pm“ to In" pitting. TmmmfiwmmwMommWWn- thmmmmmim. thumnunm- «mumm‘ammmuummuum mumummpudmu. . mar" im" u: now -- -- Tommmtdmiam What‘s-d. must-pram. Wuhan: madam udpeinuducro- 22 m. mmmutwupmuumammam corn-mm xmwmmmuomm ptmuummmmummmmamw lag. mad-i7??? £13 TEE; E23331}? 054' CCEJiC-E 168 mumammmmmuum mummuummmwmet «tn-W3 xtutonmuummamu mmmaMpndmmod-nmm” mmmmmmummmamm- mumwnmmntmnm. WWMWIOWmdaWd“ “mummumawuummw manhunt-l. mum-“Woodsman mumdumwwxamm pm WW nut-91mm“ MWMWWWCI‘WNIM wwmmuw‘. mm .037 .959 .055 . 05:5 :33 3 .KVg. £31. {rim {533333 .306 .QQS i m2 I. {:01 Jim) ”0301- .095? .0fl1 .03? .fifiB .$92 .066 .W .392 .939 um -‘m .4335; .4133: 0m 0m .0934 .900 - .093. .QOJ nm “Um 33,1: .993 *.m2 “‘th -Oml .fiflfi .001 .301 Tabla VI 333333! if 33m 1323?. by 3.;33m333‘n {ind-33$} 9. will) .§fl§ .037 .flQ} .‘WO “Gm .333 .3223 “dam “OW *fim ~.0fll 3 ,,. "i‘i‘b {32m} .018 .003 33‘? iii 0 .911 139“ “3'31“. (313} .337 .033 .331 .fififi .931 35.; (m) .013: .310 .003 .333 .903 .982 .092 .3950 now .392 .302 .905 .031 .091 .339? .3Q3 .003 £ng a .6315 .Gll .931 1&0” £31.. {3313) .992 .fifi§ .907 .992 .037 .993 .801 .Qfié .002 G.“ .895 .001 .001 3‘33 333:) .Ql? .315 .337 .611 .W .ml. 333. .029 .flm .6133 .913 .913 .011 .3307 .W .007 .393 11%” . 1.1. {3:33) (333.!) .911 .036 .332 .005) «001 .001 .0G1 .000 .900 yit .397 .323 .GZI .023. .339 .019 .013 3V3» .305 .901 .631 239“ 151. Fit {3313.) (3a) .603 .661 .391 .090 .303 .6933 .902 .005 .391 -Im -DW .03: .000 .023; .029 .015 .815 Dem .096 .003 .602 .m 6\\.\§\ \\\V§\Wfix QQN Q5 SQ Q\\ 9% Q, |.\o 3% N\\\\ 9% \RQK Q 3 £st ...\ \ w, ..\. ........ .1 ........ +i/f \\.\ . a Mm. ././ I- X ..vN...\ w. .//. \\\. I.JWJ.AI.. Ill 1‘ m /+:./.II \.\ .. \\w.\ h 7 \ \..\ \ . a ..VW ......l.|\||\... \ \.......\.\\ r” WNW XV Q V. \ W §N\\ T . ‘ . x / \% ./. +1 \ 9 W. ./ J m“... LN N m . \N\§%\M&x\&x®. w, m§\‘u\V\ \\§ \§m\\n§m\%\ Q§\\ .Q\\ . w\§\\.~\ QANN . Q mmNfixXN\V\\\h\\ N\ mm,\\ m§§m§ 5&\ W 4 5N . \\ «w {\NAN . . . x _ m\.\ NxSX b\N§ W m. Q\\\\\ \\ ungi \N\b QQN Qk\ Q\.\ Q\\ 6% QM. K % xxx e. Wk... '1‘ &w\u&\%§§\ \mkfi, QNEQ \ fik E§§§ Q» SQ SEN _ V§V§x§§m§NM n\\ mmeVULwVK \\§ S WQQN S§§\NA\\ _ 5274/ q — gammy/W, flfl/f y/ #977 «ma/(May 3% SQN. W. fix\ 3 \VSQNK fix Kc m\.\ m\§\§\\\§&k § %\\ QB fix IIIIII Cl C , . ,. 93 I: . . ‘0 Q ‘0 \ §§Q§ $§§ m§xxm§x \\§\ fi g §§ §§x§ \QN N \&.\\R\% \~\\\\ N§\\N Qs . N 97% g/ —- £53271?” //fl// q/ sm/ 745/14/ “R: Q\ \g m\\ “waV Nm%\\\€\ _ h\ ‘ ‘Vgh‘ ‘0 \ \ km $§§ \«fixS ‘& \fi ; 3 EV Q33“ «wax \\ \NQQ»; . am .9» .s av \\ E Q \\ .9 ..m :n k b .n .w .m 4m. t _ k H gr w F x.\ \\ \\\. IIIIIIIATI .L C \\\\\\ _ L 117/: :n.\ ¥ _ a? \\ \L..\.\ i «.Illlullllllllv.l .Hywl. \ .. w \a x . Rafi ‘ fl : V K g u \\\|\LT\\\\ {\A g flu. \‘Jw 1.. \ I‘i1\\|\l\\L ..\..ui;.|....._.\\\\“L ..... \\ \xlr \ ..i \\ ..\ \ . fixfi ; _. ull\n:... K 1.. 1 mo. \\ _ \\ . %m%\ w r as § .Q) % w \YQVNVV \\§ §\\ \u\&\_§\\\ 5%. w QBQ§ ‘ «X m§ \\\ \ES «.xx RUN m§§ §\ “\ .¥N\§P\ * ... J \Y.» : IJIII nlll‘ L #1 lsliurll .1.--0||nll||1i47uf - It! Luillllfll R. '9’7/h/ —- 99mm” //0fl7 (x/ 990 7 (KIM/10W § %\m \W\§\N. \%\.\&\§ § MN \m.\ \DVVVNMJ \WR \NNN \.% 0%“! A. 3% a%\\ A ‘0 a QQN \ Exx KN Q %\N\\.\ \&\R. _ mw¥§w$\\\b\\ \Nx %\ .§\\ m§§ §\\. L $§Q§ W\ wmfimxgwmfixx R\§\\ m\\ mm§\ \\\\\Km\\ VS) n§\ Q R fgW q/ —- W9?/Z/ //afl/ 4/ 99‘7- “mag/1% :3, .fl. fix an SSkNK tfikm KNXQSQN; \B‘Xmeg NR \Vn \\\ \X\ \xm..\ $vame \uQx \NNK. \% mm, . nwu m, .\ 0%“. v Em M o%\\ a! ....... % - .- S 3QV\ _ 08m T DQ\\ __ QM \\\\x§\m\m\\ \QQ m mVQk\M\V\ \\§\\ \§&‘\&\§ Rx®\\ N\\\ MN \%\ua\m\\ .n\ mmm§¥ww%\ \\§ Q 3% «m: V - i .. .. N 977 7 '9/1 5/ / 2/7 4/ 9‘ aw. 0/ -- 9924/12/y/ // F'omw inicmmm Magus-3mm“ For the accord wt of will thickmna magma ch43. pmmad Bram and Sims E0. 1-3 cm imh Wiener: with use-cm 33" points. (Elana 6) T250 £31;le m mm rim in I 613‘??? and mu Wm mum, u the win tn WM to scram the can 005513!» Thu data m ohm as follow: tun rm 393331;; m we Imit‘xmuly: than dglikmt-e 8%th m m to am the tan Wat pi‘u ms! tin um greatest 151m. The emu value: of each of mono uta of madman were caleulamd. ”fables WI) 12» mm:- (or pit). W (or 131323) and warm. names” of Int-.1 In“ by W1. u dawn-am by WWW a: mass mas- ufl Vilma (ran Hz) with Wanna]. and average W «has a: mum fishing can mime”. m mm m Table Viii. Tabb VII PM Eda-liar Bin-dim; KI: thhommpnm-mdhrmmpmho mz-mwunxm RSPtmIpooifloptu :u-ummmpuung Random Pi‘ JW Inland 50'? 89’? 110‘? 11.0? 179'? 2‘30" .031 .031 M .02) .M .08 .0” .0] .03 .025 .02! .Ol‘ .03) .0 .033 .023 .023 .0“ . 3 .032 .02! .025 .0” .01. .0 .032 .032 .021 .019 .031 .03: .931 .03} «m .w .011 .035 .033 .027 .023 .023 cm .033 .033 .029 .025 .0“ .016 003] .33) .035 .021 .019 .036 .031; .033 .021 .08; .021 .0”). .0 .0 .030 .022. .021 .023 .003: 90 3 9.0.5 40.00) 0.“ 0m .0 m ..032 .0 9;}, ..m’ .0 05 .0 00' .0 ' .031 .02? .030 .01}; 01b 00% .931 .026 .021 0°“ .016 .0” .03) .021 .01, .01} w .03, 0031 00233 .021 .015 .013 .035 .032 .023 002’ .016 .010 .033 .933; .029 .020 .0”: .015 003, .03" 0025 .02“ .010 001‘ .032 .023 .023 .019 .015 .015 .033 .023 .026 .020 .m. .01}: .031 .031 .m .020 .m .0”. .033 .031 .027 .021 .01). .016 0.001 ..002 0.002 «003 9.002 «Oil .00“ ..033 0.003. ”am .3“ ‘0” .035 .033 .933 .036 .921 .023 .033 .0334 .5333 .0311 .03 cm 00" .033 .036 .031 .0” .011 .Ofi .035 .0331 .031 .026 .0” .035 .Ofi; .032 .029 .026 .031 .0 .033 0032 .0” 0°30 0°23 .0 0032‘ i 033 .0” .931 M 003‘ 0033 0035 .033 .03) 00” .035 . 35 .033 .033 .03 .0” .035 «033 0033 no” 002, .0311. .033 .03) .03) .03 .029 9:30,: 9.001 ..003 0.33 ..om 0.032 G.“ 0.033 b.0131 C. ..W) «cm. 50'! 83'? no“? 100‘: 170'! 230‘! .031 .033 .030 .031 , .w .033 .036 .033 .035 .031 .021 .011 1/!- .036 .039 .033 .031 .028 .036 .037 .037 .03) .036 .037 .033 .035 .033 .036 .0 .0» .035 Man .037 .033 .035 .0 ~ .020 .023 .035 .039 0036 0033 00:7 .031 .033 .033 .03. .031 .029 .0)! .036 .033 .03. .031 m5 .005 .036 0935 0031 00” .036 to” 1mm; 0°36 0°38 .033 .015 .M‘ .OJh ..000 0.001 0.032 0.0-0) 0.001 0.0% .0031 .003 .0033! .000, .0033 .0“ .035 09).; .031. .031 .020 .w .03.“. .030 .033. .038 .022 .011 .035 .033 .0 .03) .020 M 6935 0531 to .029 M 00” .035 .033 .033 .031 .0” .08! P10 .031 093-3 0033 on” .021 m .036 .033 .033 .029 .019 .035 .033 .031. .029 .021 .06 .035 .033 .03) .028 cm .037 00" .031 .033 0023 cm 003, KWI‘Q‘ 0035 0037 .03) 0°” .021 0°“ 0.001 0.001 «W1 0.002 0.00) 0.041 ..001 «002 0.001 «032 ..Ofi «00) .039 .03? .036 .033 .030 .038 .039 .039 .037 .033 .030 .036 .031 .033 .030 .031 .031 .036 .037 .0‘3 .033 .039 .Ofl .037 .038 .650 .036 .000 .030 .031 Ill-Ii .0” 0°35 .031 .037 .03) .035 .015 .039 .033 .3: .031 .033 .035 .033 .037 . .0” .031 .03, .033 .037 .033 .033 .037 .030 .039 .037 .039 .031 .030 ‘W 0033 .039 .037 .039 .032 .0}! .0” .0” *0“ 0‘ .000 0.002 9.001 «001 0.001 ..001 .0“ .0002 0.“ 59.1" 3).!” 119'?" 109.? 170‘? 800’? .dl! M .610 .0100 .033 .0310 __ .01.! .0191 M .010) .038 .000 3/30. M .0“. .0150 .0“. .033 .010 odd .dw .dfl .Dhl .01, M ' ' M '35:. cu '0 :01: m cm 003% 0 o o .001 .013. .001 cm .033 .M ...-w 0 2:2 2.. -.2 22 .002 M M 0039 .0” to“ .M .0“. .600 .Old .033 .0310 W ..031 0.0.0. ..000 cm 0.002 ..oa ”001 «M C.“ ’0“ ’0“ .0“ I. L P. 31. LP. A. _ f f .M . .fi .93 .03? .037 .003 .001 o . 003' 0°” .01.: .0153 .DLO .039 .036 .0). 0” cat, .000 to” .031 .0” P10 .01.! .05.! .03.]. 0°33 0°” 0°” 0M .81.) .5300 .033 .035 .0” .M .048 .039 .01, .036 .05 .M .01.: .W .0” .035 .035 .001 0003 CM .0” 0915 .0“ M .001 .03? 0°33 003‘ .015 W’ .00! .051 0“ 0°39 0°37 .037 0.000 0.001 ..cm 0.001 0.000 cm «.001 «00; «001 «W1 «M 0.0% 1.3. I. .00 .205 .00. .01.. .0» .020 m .001. .d.) .01.! .0 m can out, o o .W .W .010 odd .000 .01.! m M .006 0m a“ .m m .01.) . '3 cm) .001 add :3 0M M) on.“ m .019 .005 .W .1.“ .GJ. N am N am M5 .001 .0330 .003 can 0““! am} am .Cim om 1.an .0“. oath .05) .M .0“ m ..om 0.0“] 0.000 ..000 0.001 ..001 .0053 «”001 .0“ .0032 «0.3 ..001 10 1’10 Am 50'? 83'? 110'! W? 123‘! W! M .625 M .045 A“: M .02.: .022 m m ms .02.: .0“ .022 .02.. .02.: .23 .023 .01.? 0M 0W5 0M 0 ' 0W3 .023 .225 .096 .M M .m out, 0W 0 “as .015) can .01.? .022 .w. .921 ..qu .ms .050 .0125 .0126 .666 .0“. .01.! odd odd odd .0326 .0346 .6325 .019 .050 M M .0315 .0” .03.! AW .01.: M .021 .0”: .0“ m ..om 0.60) 0.00! 0.002 0.003 0.003 «can «on «.003 ..om ..oua «out ”0 30 P. ' ‘0 x. '0 #21 .01.}; .d26 m .625 N .02.? .025 .01.. .01.. m M .w. .01.: .w. m .«m .01.? .0121; M .01.: .32: M .m‘! .015 M .02: cat) .0“ :22 .222 ...-d“ .22 222 :22 .m'l M .0“ .031) ooh) .0321 m M .01.! .M odd M 0017 .01.}. 0“ 0M 0M .dfl 0.031 0.021 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.030 «000 0.031 0.001 ~00). 0.” In.” .050 .021 .02.: .022. .GM .01.. .099 00257 .0143 .M .92.? :3 .02.: .022 .020 .01.: .am _ .0159 .02.? .02.; .01.? .01.? .0“ 9%: 0m 0a" 0%, 0” .M . 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Ba... «an... :36 2o.» E6 034 «.94 ~86 ”we... «3.0 34... «34 «3.9 Sufi «and 93.0 93.9 .32.: «36 P56 «36 9mm... «and 3a... 2.2. 93.6 366 934 as «and 35.9 .3." ca ...\. 35 3%.; m8...- 3...? an... 2.3. «8.6 43.0.. «3.0 6.3.6 3...? 8a.? 56 2.9.5 «was. «3.9. n2. 0 m3... «8.? 5.0.. an... EA. La 5 335% 2 "2 coo 4070 335 §§§§ §§§§ coo aooo code 2.3- n m , » ~§ a t g o o g? .2“. “NM“ 34—3-3 9' "s, .5- \ .395. ...3. 8585.... R 2.5 1.5.. no any"... HHH a, 3885. :59“ o. is... u Ion-bunch 0 69533.“ gm. .. .8353 o 399 ' £359 0 3.55.8. g.“ 0 gas... fig; .5" “90. 38. n8... 33. 88. 33. 8a. Bo. Bo. 48. 8o. 48. .8. n3. «8. «3. 8o. «8. «mo. «3. n8. Re. 4.3. Go. «So. 448. 53. a. mac. «8°. 48. 30. 43. «3. 8o. 80. «8. 48. 8°. 48. #6. n8. Sm. 33. 4.3. 30. 30. So. *8. Goo. GB. 33.. 88. go. 4.3. 4.3. 30. 43. 3a. 80. m8. So. g. m3. Ba. «8. 3o. Re. 30. 3o. 43. «8. 48. «S. 4.8. 43. 48. 8o. 80. 08. 98. 39. 80. 43. 48. So. 48. 43. 48. «an. E‘ “:00 ””3. :3! mg o g. «.8. a. 4.8. 43. 43. n3. So. 43. 30. m6. So. .3. «.36 «8.9 «86 R06 586 «3.9 .8.“ 005.“ .04" 0a .8 Ca Inn-050333353 .Hnfl 3419 SA a} ’59 9) éfifigw ‘3 & §§§§Q , QQN. %\\ Q\\ Q\\ Q% ‘ \\I‘ I ' §\mx\. 1:11! \\\... Ilillllll \\\\\\ \ ../.Ilc: m§\N :IlIAwI.\\\ .\\\. \... ‘.~ /./ »..\ W3 Q \ . 3 W uX\\N&w\\\\% m§ .\sfix \\§ k3§§ $3 Sx» \ N\§\§\N§R§K «X mmwgku.\x\\ \\m\\ R. mWQN S \\N\\ T1: J Li- -. 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(1m. mm The ma «mummnmmmmwmmm nth-graphs. nannmotuwut-tm. mamumuummmuuuwmw Wamwuwm. nammum ammuqu-mputmmmu «WWW. mmmammmw mummmmnmmsmtwmwn mmyumummmmmm mun-o. Gut-1M Pm an In an m .m (Figura- unnummnmmnm muwmmgmmmummummm “unflattm’h rowwgmmumm mmfiummmmmumm mama-tnovmmvauvtdykmmgu» mutmwwhmIMXMmum. nu ummmmmummmum-mm Wwbmummmuammunm mammmtmstmoummwumm WMtufl-m‘mhwnmmm‘m. 9? 93 .8“ mm? $3 30.. ammo. “mac ”.8- g. fin man «8. as. as. a. ”a! has, so. .3. 3.. 3.... g... ~86 g. “a! mag 35. a8. «.3. Bu. 3:. 3. Ba. «3. 3.. RE. «a. so. ““00 an... *0. "fig. ”HQ. a0. HMO. RD. “MO :0 HMO. ”HQ” 3.. .Ro. 96 mg. 39. 30 a .8 COM :8, Salk. airwam .32 £32 .93 "-3 “Shaw odfi-bafim .2 558 .02 3a again-«aw .32 fig». .32 3a 03;. £392 3.3%; 03”.” Guam H0 13.39”...“ ‘33. 9:3 ugfi a; gun H383. .5" S ufifia Sgfl 98m 99 WNW Fm tan in w Tania-u (film nomwonamoaa33ajbaso33a39) ummmmnmwnmwamum "loony. Th1. off-ct a mob 10a pm in use low “wanna:- mm. zzuwmmvwmmwmmu Whamtdmm. Ituinunningtonmthn thin 11 :13: tho WM Wgtun mm at met-:1 may“ WWquoMutmmmmcuwpmu. Cam-rim of ti“. Four Evaluation Him W of tho result. of {our mowed. of «vacation (Table 1111) than. that tho ml In}; tidckxnsa retaining as 60W grain-triad): ditto“ amides-ably from u» mama mung an mum. u tho ya and If: mm mm: tron ma“ mm 2.30%. mummutomticnot mmmpiumwer mn- tant” mail auction. m. is born. 0% by animus: a: an radiom- 0: than male-o. Spam Mama” of Evaluation timed. Tho Manna” of the various mused: hflo man mm in Mr mauv- amnesia». 1% mat in pointed ant. hm. an out: lubed bu «rt-1n atrium-nan our the “lien. ’32:. mica-0mm pros-6m. amt dnut newt at mum pit. and probably m 1a. m- thlmtm warn-um requiring amiaamd mmammmw-uu. Eammmum WMMMMmuumow-mtm mil-tummtod man an mm b- hmdlad um upwar- mo mmmuwmmuwamumm obwmbhhymomnmmucmtmtww Mm. ammuwmmummwm Wumumdmumtdmamm‘m ugmmmuwmvummduxm x‘umnwumuummwuumvm wanna-om. mmumtmmwmm mummmuwm.ummumu- mmummtmwuwm. -mmm.mumummmnauumm1m umtmmmwdmaummamu. 31..th .mmrummmmunuuuum‘muuu Manama-d. Itmtummtmwtdmmumhw- numtmmmmmmnmumpomum Min-utxmmvmuummnmmm. flaunt. stuxa‘muunaémtama-mum mu‘mmumummawmma We E’J”Ifi£““u”fisL II 1-- IBEflDiCRT 123 CT LKSI'I‘J Sup)... for m patina «mum in the early portion otthhwfluupmlndhymmumumnm mmmmmmmpumunnnummmm: Wamozusluuwmm. Tue-pm-qmmndduth .nuhnnuau.mpumbooxwomm-ummuugm. mmmmmm.WWmmh noun. ummmmmnmumuwwuo- summofn-mmhMBmonsmpmhodmntmm MouHNMmemfioflmn-uymttwm. umomtuémnntJSflmm-m.«mammal-K mum. Wan-rum for tho following mom. both for the Wumwnrmmnmumtm ummmumwsmmm.m.w. mmmwmmtrmmummb- mam-din mam-11. Tho tint In amp:- to obtain ”sum mmdmmunmmmmmnroagwnmuw («WI-nan. memmmwamuu mummies. MMMMWEMWWW tammmmmmwgwomwmm In airlines. an £13: In obtain“ ad tuba-quaint. mom. united in W mm; 05% tho background tog persisted. 509m“ manumtubouiflamimhruhwnmmmuffon in dam mum- fia fogging com b0 dun to maiden-,7 mutton ummumamu mnuumddmaum 101 m Wt. but 3?. tho cost at tripling «pom than to obtain “tannins. mucmwmmrmmvmmtmmmm ohddfi’igmhflulonxmthauudm'd'wmmm "hum Int-nun“ at tin mar Linn at the s-rqr patum.(ra1- XIV) mummuwm-umwmarm “mumuummmwumrmammp The un- ammo- m “but”. for «ab :11- m m Wm Mama“. Malnummmh wumnmmmdmsmm wwwme-tmwmmmmm vdmotuuumo. MWM'Momfimd-ur nutmomwwtcmmm (rum-xx?) 103 50°F 83' 110° 1h0° 170° 200° Figure ho. X-ray Powder Patterns of Deposit Material I‘ll m nun-rumma- uu II (In) '8 (an) t (A) my nun-u mu.- m- . on... any. 0.0.11 tr- 1 W m u 30'! h hm 1.100 5.10 J m 1.1. ‘ .0,“ ,0" I 1-”! 1.01 3 3.0g 1.91 1 7-” 3.65) LB 5 0465 but 1.1!. I I.“ hid 1.00 3 5.058 1 00 : 5.9111.“ 0.1» 1.51 I mm 6.065 1.17 5 Mn 1.» 5 1.111 1.15 m1 a. 1 W an; a m i m :3: I 1.!» 1.30 1.3 : $.18 1-91 1.11 m 3. t 1.175 1. 8.911 1.6 : :zE r2 1 1.195 1.4» 1-“ I u 1.1! 1 0.05 t1“ M? 5 5.100 1.91 1 19.110 5.055 1.10 3 5.500 1.10 s 5.13; 1.00 S .18 1.51 3 6.015 1.10 1 1.110 1.1! M m an. us) no. {3-5) (La) wuz( (1.“ Wang ago (1.15): m whim ago (1.11) Ga :1. on) on 1. In): 310. (1. a) no nimafso (1.51) an 1 I")! 03.0 (1-10)) “flaky.” m.“ (3&0) Jo”) .18 ”at?" - U 0‘1"“). (3-0!) 0.00.1.5) "-0 (um 7-01. (1.6a) wrung”) no man $33391?” (1.00) can 13:1 :1): (1 n) awb(ioml Ffiog (10“) ago 1' no (1.51) ”161): 0-.0 (1.1m “1' my 13 (an) FM mn-u "$03 my m1m1meum'r ummunmunnnnuuwwu 1.965 E: O.“ 5.780 m- :2; m: 3:68) (1.15) 1-90) :3.” 1.11) 16.1 0110 (1.51; )0 0w (1.11) m (1.11): 0.1.0 (1.11) Cu (2.08) mfl(hfl} Cane (1.51); no (1.51) 3153‘ 1. m1rr-1Wm1-wmnm'r unuuumuumm D ? SJ“ 1.30 1.655 10.095 11.950 510. 1.15) 3:35. fig?» 0‘50 (1.55) an (1.00) Cu (1.11) (JV-O 1-51) 2.11%.. .... a...» m1m1wu1-wmnm'r “"HRNDRF 5.170 7.905 W ”.105 1.1. 11v 3 (a) d (A) mm m W 1.11!) .90 um {... 8.1325 Li J 090 {'39 3'31 2'23 £113) :30“. 1.1) 12390 1.05 1.67 s. an 1.61 5.803 1.5, 6.170 1.50 6.715 1.)! 1.105 1.18 1.671 1.33 3.100 2.39 1.61.0 1.11 £015 1.” .328 1.03 8.575 1.98 5.01.5 1.30 5.335 1.67 5.975 1.55 o. 1.36 7 ' 1-” 1.090 1.10 1.105 1.13 cm 3.65 1'??? 2%} 3.660 1.15 :13 1.11 1.03 1.5% 1.91 5.053 1.80 5.505 1.61 31 (15.15.! 6&3 (’06:!) ) cfifufsaeu 0:61. (1.90) “.0 (1.1.5) ca (1.00) “(1.11): am. (1..) 73:10 II? 2.11:. 23 (an) S (a) d (3) Int-M1277 um Butane. Fm name ("a-ml: E 5.93%) 1.51s» 6.3239 1.” 3 7.1.1:) 1.2? 5 15.960 7.9.33 1.23 Damon M 1 W Ming at 299'? 5.160 1.030 mu 5.330 ace-2:3 ).31. 7.1.15 3.9553 1.3: hits 1.)) C’MHHG' Notable may #44} (10375) c. 11.27?» 04.0 (1.233) 510. (has; SE. 0.35) cm (a. 1) F10 12. 7) cm 1.31) Ccscwgmm (mama-Emu II) f‘mhblolfi.1$mhoh~vodflutumnnuwu mun-who. mmmummumtmm mwmmmWMmmum. Thoma. dummmumumownmmiqm. 150de mmammmmxwumtmmmu hdmumm.nwhwmtmmmu punt in 11]. upon“. lace-pt tho 2.30“? 111911. m1” m1. Mahmuhmmuuiph. noun-13901111519111 mamummmumupouuummmmm 1tmhumdoflmwwflhmmmmm1 tam-111111. mamMuvu-omaummmm Whmw’l‘lmph. Atuldn$nmimdnuddmtfihd muuummflmmancnfl-mhotmw- ‘quumu-otwntmummm. mmblmmmhwtutthmwMoa mmamwmummmmmu «cuppa. mmummummummu mumm‘rch-mbuudmmu Whamdmmfimnmiuflflzmmmgur mm. (nu-m) Mmmmmutmtmummunawu ”I‘MMMnmunmwm-mmm upon-um. non 11min 11111111 could. at «nu-11. mom in- vumummuumwtwmuunumam month-abounuplu. 10? EWCEQPEI memwmmmmmmmmum 3. h. S. 6. 4111mm 0: melon. W1 Pubnoatim 3-16. 'Gomoion 12mm at 00pm and cuppa-11m. $34.. mun-2mm. barium. metifl‘ (1953 0Wcammmummw. 50- 92. W Ema CW3?» Bridgman. Conn-91.1mm (19" ) Bum. 6.1... J. 2:" Eng!“ 8111:- 301111 an... an H. 2. 163-1321 (1915) cum-1. 1.1.. taxman Proportion and W mm at 00pm 1nd copm mayu'. 1.0.8. M no. 121. mm 1.3. W. 99 379-39) (1951.) W 5.?" Pour. Mo. pp Int-'80 (1950) mm. 8.8.. 1nd Wham. F... Won-011m Rant-anon of Hot-11 and “1971'. pp 294.3. W (1936) W "9". 50].. LL. W. “on. and TM FJ’. (1957) M 5. MW in ‘- mm- Ch“. “.0 08101111 W W. p9 1-12. mu Maintain; 60.. 8.11%.“:2310 win-cunt Vanni-Began. LQ.WWUWPMI Purina". 01“me 50.1.03. Grumman?) Specific intonation mu: tho pug-at m bum chum-d from m mmW'ASthmmotCopwmdBm 6011011019. MWR.MJm&1955uApu-nfi.19$7 61mm. v.1.. J. In». WE. 9960-6313111.” (1916) M9961 w”. 3.1.. and W 1.3.. Won 2. Ho. 11. 1.32405 ms. K.P.. did We. LE... 'x-rv mutation Pmoodma'. pp 103-110. W (1951.) 103 10, 7. Momma Instr-Munoz: Data Shut. no. 1.0.1646. April. 1952 B. '1 3mm an the Cantu at 605.3211- md firm Camdow. mm:- Enpon Ho. 1. p 1. 5m 2. 15355 9. cum 0.1.. uppmd way... a 1:. pp 151-133.. man-32111 (19M) 10. RM“, ‘03.. m 5.111.. a My L‘e' I md 3190' M “ .13. as? my» 11. boarded in project man-wry Interbank. to be inclaflad 1n Interim 3:28:30!" “0. 9. CHEMISTRY LIBRARY Date Due Dance—293 ..- The «is CHEMISThY Lf‘m m? C. 2 Plumley, Evaluation of corrosion in copper water tubing. HICHIGQN STQTE UNIV. LIBRQRIES llllllll 31 I II!” III III! ”II lllllllllllllllllll 2 3006716645