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THE GENUS CAPEX ON m1;
’ ARCTIC 5pm: OF ALASKA,

 

Tums FOR THE- DEGREE or ms.
MICHtfiAN STATE UMWERSN‘Y"

‘ wuum M MALCOLM
1959 ‘

 

 
 
  

   

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THE GENUS CAREX ON THE ARCTIC SLOPE OF ALASKA

an annotated, illustrated species list and key

by
William McLagan Malcolm II

AN ABSTRACT
Submitted to the College of Science and Arts,
Michigan State university of Agriculture and
Applied Science, in partial fulfillment of the
requirements for the degree of

MASTER OF SCIENCE

Dapartnwnt of Botany and Plant Pathology

1959

 

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old

The geology, climate, soils, and
vegetation of the Arctic Slope of Alaska are briefly described.

The species of Carex recorded for

 

the SIOpe are entered in a dichotomous key and their morphology,
habitat, and distributions described.

The ecological ranges of each species
along the drainage and soil moisture gradient is noted, and de-
tailed environmental measurements are tabulated for three common

species.

 

THE GEN”S CARE! ON THE ARCTIC SLOPE OF ALASKA

an annotated, illustrated Species list and key

by

William McLagan Malcolm II

A THESIS
Submitted to the College of Science and Arts,

Michigan State university of Agriculture andh
Applied Science, in partial fulfillment of t e

TOQuirements for the degree of

MASTER OF SCIENCE

DePartment of Botany and Plant Pathology

1959

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Acknowledgments . . . . . .
Introduction . . . . . . . .
Area of the Study . . . . .
Geology . . . . . . . .
Climate . . . . . . . .

son. 0 e e e e e O O 0

Vegetation . . . . . . . . .

Methods and Sources . . . .

Descriptions . . . . . . . .

Illustrations . . . . .
Distributions . . . . .

Detailed Sampling . . .

Results and Discussion . . . .

Key to Species . . . . . .
Glossary of Terms . . . . .

Bibliography . . . . . . . .

The Species , . . . . . . .

(D'flvll'l?

13
13
15
16
21

22

. 38

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

I gratefully acknowledge my
training in Arctic Slope ec010gy and tavonomy under Dr. John E.
Cantlon, and I warmly thank him for providing gage; specimens and
notes and for carefully reading the manuscript.

I thank also Dr. John H. Beaman
for his assistance with the taxonomic problems of arctic Q5525,
and my wife, Nancy, who c0pied illustrations, assembled the manu-

script, and encouraged me.

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The genus Carex on the Arctic Slope of Alaska - ~---- an annotated,

illustrated species list and key.

macmcnon '
Carex species are often strikingly
similar. Femald. (Fernald, 1950) notes '...an exceedingly critical

genus. the study of which should be attempted only with complete

_._—-._

and nature epecimens'. Polunin (1959), in his Circumpolar

 

£2933}. £1332, includes 27 species complexes and ill-defined species

,.._
1"“

in the 67 Qarices treated.. The confusion is in part a result of
l. inadeQuate collecting and poor distribution of collecting sites
and 2. incomplete descriptionsof new taxa by authors lacking field
knowledge of arctic sedges.

1. Travel in the Arctic is tedious
and expensive. The first collections were from coastal areas only.
and the bulk of collecting today is on the coast or near carnps
in nJor river valleys serviced by boats or light pontoon planes.
Biological interest in arctic regions, however. has increased in
the last 20 years, and collecting has stepped up substantially .

Uncharted, remote areas are reached mre often and their floras

mqnet ely sampled.

.44

U

ACKNOHLEDGMENTS

I gratefully'acknowledge my
training in Arctic Slaps ecolOgy and taxonomy under Dr. John E.
Cantlon, and I warmly thank him for providing Qagg; specimens and
notes and for carefully reading the manuscript.

I thank also Dr. John H. Beaman
for his assistance with the taxonomic problems of arctic 99535,
and my wife, Nancy, who OOpied illustrations, assembled the manu-

script, and encouraged me.

 

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The genus Carex on the Arctic Slope of Alaska - ~~-~~an annotated,

illustrated species list and key.

INTRODUCTION /

_C_a_r_g_x_ species are often strikingly
similar. l'ernald (Fernald, 1950) notes '...an exceedingly critical
genus, the study of which should be attempted only with complete
and mature specimens'. Polunin (1959), in his Cigggmuolar

Latic Flora, includes 27 species complexes and ill-defined species

 

in the 67 Carices treated.. The confusion is in part a result of

 

1. inadequate collecting and poor distribution of collecting sites
and 2. incomplete descriptions-of new taxa by authors lacking field
knowledge of arctic sedges.

1, Travel in the Arctic is tedious
and expensive. The first collections were from coastal areas only,
and the bulk of collecting today is on the coast or near camps
in nJor river valleys serviced by boats or light pontoon planes.
Biological interest in arctic regions, however, has increased in
the last 20 years, and collecting has stepped up substantially.
Uncharted, remote areas are reached more often and their floras

“squat ely sampled.

2. The general similarity among the
arctic sedges demands detailed descriptions of proposed new taxa.
Unfortunately, in the early 1800's several critical species
were described briefly and in little detail. The authors of
these ten were often not the collectors and therefore were
unfamiliar with 1‘. the range of variation in the natural popula-
tions sampled by the collections and 2. with other sedge species.
loreover, the problem of distributing to authors the abailable
descriptions and collections was worsened by barriers of distance
and lenguage among arctic taxonomists. As a result, complex syn-
onyw and obscure species limits are common in the literature. The
field botanist quickly notes that published species limits often
do not 'fit' the variation encountered in the field, and, more
important, the separation of similar species is most difficult.

Recently, several authors have published
flores of small and large arctic areas of this hemisphere (Polunin,
1959; Porsild, 1951, 1955. and 1957; Hulten, 1941-19u8; Bocher,
1950; Damn, 19m; Raup, 19m; and Anderson, 19u3-19l+8). These
floras are large tasks and the treatment of species is necessarily
general, The genus M has received unusual attention because
if the abundance and taxonomic difficulty of some species. Love,
Love, and Raymond (1957) published a largely cytological study of
the Cgpillares section of the genus. And, Duman (1958) reported

introgressive hybridization between two of the common species, Carex

 

m and 9&5 bigglowii. However, there is a pressing need

for critical biosystematie study of the arctic species of the genus.
This paper is not a taxonomic treatment,

although an effort Imas been made to unravel two of the so-called

species 'conplexes' (C, podocagpa and C, lggens). The objectives

of the paper are l. a listing and key fbr the known Slope Cariceg,

2. consistent, detailed descriptions of morphology, habitat, and

Slope distributions of each species, 3. general descriptions of

the ecological range of each species, and 1+. detailed discussions

of environmental! measurements for several common species.

 

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TB AREA
9.0.2.121

The Arctic Slope is defined here
as the area between the Arctic Ocean andthe crest of the
Brooks Ranges. Extending 600 miles from W to I}, the Slaps is 60
to 230 miles wide and covers roughly 80,000 square miles, one-
seventh the area of Alaska, and about the area of Kansas or
illinnesota (Spotsman, 1951).

The Arctic Circle and the crest .
of the Brooks Range are nearly parallel, the Circle lying 95 miles
to the south of the Range. (Betterman et a1. , 1958). The peaks
of the Range rise in the east to 9000 feet, and fall progressively
toward the west to 3000 feet. Lifting of the Range in the Early
Cretaceous followed sedimentation in the Triassic, Jurassic, and
Early Cretaceous (Britten, 1957).

The Range and the foothills to
the N are formed of the same geologic materials. The foothill
ridgestrend 3-41 at the mountain front, and are lower toward the
coast.

The coastal plain varies in width
from a few miles in the E to 100 miles S of Barrow. The sedimen-

tsry materials ef the area range in age from Cretaceous to

Pleistocene .

 

Topographic map of the Slope in 1000-foot contours.

   

sea level to 1000 feet
1000 to 2000 feet
2000 to 3000 feet

3000 to 6000 feet

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over 6000 feet

—A‘—1rv_— _. ,
A_ N -

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Major rivers of the Slope, numbered raughly H'to B.

[3/94

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(9 ‘9 at

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Pitmegea
Kukpowruk
Kokolik
Utokok
Kuk
Kaolak
Meade
Tapag'oruk
Ikpikpuk
10 Colville
ll Itkillik
12 Anaktuvuk
13 Chandler
1h Killik

15 Kurupa

16 Etivluk
17 Kuparrk
18 Sagavanirktok
19 Canning
20 Sadlerochit
21 Hulahnla
22 Okpilak

23 Jase

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At no time has the Slaps been covered
by a continental ice sheet. but six glaciations are recognized,
the last very recent (Detterman et al.. 1958). At least one
early glaciation was of piedmont type. Pleistocene glaciation
was extensive in the Range it self, although there is little
evidence of active glaciers in the western end. Moraines
extend beyond the mountain front into the foothills and mantle
the major river Valleys. Outwash extends to the coast in the
east but grades into sediments in the central and western coastal
plain. Numerous nunataks and a large driftless ares. harbored
plant life throughout Pleistocene.

The major rivers flow I through
broad glacial valleys in the mountains, cut N (E in the case
of the Colville) thrOugh the E41 trending ridges of the foothills,
end meander and braid on the coastal flats (Detterman et a1., 1958).
Rivers fed by current glacial melt-off are opaque with silt in
the foothills, and deposit raw alluvium far into the coastal plain
daring spring floods.

211322

Only fragmentary climatic data are

 

available for the Slope ‘most weather stations are

coastal and are manned only during the summer months (Britton, 1957).

1. Tempezgtnre, In general, the 9 winter months are

cold and the 3 spring, summer, and autumn months cool. Freezing
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tclperatures may occur at any time, but July is the warmest month,

 

 

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followed by August and June. calmer (1955) mapped the July
and January nornl isotherms reproduced on p. 9. Both diurnal
and annual temperature extremes are greater inland than at the
coast (Britten, 195?).

Prec t . Precipitation is less than 8
inches per year, about ’4 inches in both warm and cold seasons
(Spetsmen. 1951). (However, measured precipitation appears to be
but 25-50 per cent of actual precipitation (Britten, 1957). More-
over, Evaporation is low and moisture accumulates on the soil
directly by condensatinn (Tedrow et a1., 1958). Winds are per-
sistent and of moderatlly high velocity, and cloud cover and fog
are common during the growing season, reaching maxima in September
(Britten, 1957). Snowfall averages 10 inches on the coast, 16 inches
in the foothills, and ddeper further inland (Britton, 1957). Snow is
ecologically important as protection from winter wind and ice blast,
a moisture source in spring melt-off, and, in late-melt areas, a
factor shortening the growing season (Britten, 1957). Areas of
late snow-melt are often unique in species comoosition (Cantlon,
unpublished manuscript).

5.91.11

The Slope soils are classified bog,
tundra, Arctic Brown, regosol, and lithosol (Tedrow et a1., 1958).
The tundra and bog soils are the most extensive, dominating the
coastal flatlands and the broad river valleys of the foothills.
Arctic Brown is the one zonal soil mapped, and covers a scant l per

cent of the Slope, largely in the foothills (Tedrow et al., 1958).

 

July and January normal temperatures for the Slepe."

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July nor-e1 temperature~<ieetherms in °r.

 

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“hoary norml teaperature isotherms in o .
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‘redrawn from Cenover, J. 3., Macro- and Micro-climtelog 0f “10 I
Arctic Slepe of Alaska, Bulletin of the Relegical Society, vol. 36,

no. 3, pp. 96,7. (abstract of a paper presented at the AIDS meetings,
Michigan ltate University, East Lansing: map unpublished.) ‘

 

 

10
Regosols lack a well-defined profile, and occur on young
alluvial, eolian, talus, and outwash deposits (Tedrow et al., 1958).
In the mountains, lithosols occur where erosion exceeds soil
formation. although occasionally a thin, brown surface horizon
persists (Tedrew et a1.. 1958).
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The vegetation of the Slope has been j

 

analyzed from a variety of viewpoints - physiegraohy

(Spotsman, 1951; and Britten, 1958), phytosecielegy (Churchill, é

 

1955). Climate (Britten, 1958; and Churchill and Hanson, 1958),
and phytogeegraphy (Cantlen, unpublished manuscript). The
phytogeegrpphic approach has received the least attention.

Cantlen (unpublished manuscript)
classifies Slope vegetation in 5 'sub-zones' defined by species
coupcsition, growth form, and vegetation types roughky related
to July isotherms and elevation contours. A map of the 5 vegetation
divisions is on p. 11, and their characteristics are tabulated on
P. 12. The alpine and polar desert divisions are considered northern
ottsnsions of arctic-alpine tundra. The littoral, typical, and
Shrub divisions are considered segments of circumnelar tundra. with
counterparts in Russia described by Sochava (1933) and others.

More detailed analysis of the vegetation in each division 18 based
°n tradients of two environmental variables, drainage and.winter

snow depth.

11

flajor Climatic vegetational divisions (Gentlen, unpublished)

   

littoral

typical

arctic alpine

alpine desert

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IMHOIB AND BCIJ'RCES
This paper is an annotated species
list of the 9.33.9.2!- occurring on the Arctic Slope of Alaska. A total
of 36 species are described. and illustrated and their North American

and Slope distributions mapped.

Desgriptiggs
1, Ormizatien Morphology, habitat, and abundance
are described for each species.
a, Morpholgg description. Each species is described in detail.
However, if species A differs from species B in a few, distinct
characters, only species A is fully described, and the description
for species B reads 'Similar to species A, but (for instance) leaves
involnte and the lowest bract reflected.‘

The characters most useful for
identification are underlined in the description.

The descriptions discuss at least
the 27 morphological characters tabulated below,

habit

cull -——-—length, and length tin-relation to‘ the leaves.
leaves-m—width.

lowest bract of the inflorescence —~-—--shape, sheath, and length
in relation to the inflorescence.
spikesmnumber, position, sex, shape, and size.

pistillate scale «fishapc, length in relation to perigynium,
apex, margin, color, and midvein.

perigyniummshare, size, margin, neuration, lustre, Color,
beak, beak orifice, and stigmas.

fl
".-

 

 

 

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Units at measurement are in the metric system. The dimensions

are,averages for conservative morphological characters and ranges

fbr variable characters.

lg, Habitat dgggziption. The habitat information includes ’
vegetation type (barrens, upland meadow, shrub, wet meadow, marsh, [pp
and aquatic), physiegraply (river terrace, moraine, alluvial fan, f
talus slope), and elevation in feet (sea level to 5300 feet).

More detailed information is summarized alphabetically by species

on pp. 29-30.

g, Apgndangg gstilatign. Abundance is generalized by the
terms m, 'W, W. m, and aglgdant. Such desig-

nations are vague, and refer only to relative abundance. (The

 

individuals of an 'abundant' Carex species total many more than

 

those of any ‘abundant' dicot.)

2“ Sources The list of species is compiled
from collection"I determinations, Porsild (1957), Pelunin (1959), and
Spetzmn (1951). Porsild treats the Canadian Arctic Archipelago,

and therefore includes strictly eastern- species and excludes strictly
western species. Spetzman's area includes both the Slope proper

and the Noatak River drainage of the DeLong and Baird Mountains,

and therefora includes several typically southern Alaska species.

*collections by Cantlon et al..1953. Cantlon and Gillis 1957.
Gentlen and Malcolm 1958, and Malcolm 1958-

 

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15
The disCussions of morphology,
habitat, and abundance are culled from the examination of specimens,
from field experience, collection records, transect studies, and
literature. For 6 species‘I not collected, the descriptions were
compiled from Porsild (1957), Mackenzie (19140), Femald (1950),

and Bulten (1941-1916) .

Lllggtntions
r a i n The illustrations are ink line drawings,

and include for each species at least habit, pistillate scale, and
perigynium. However, if two species differ by only a few, distinct
characters, only one species is fully illustrated. The drawings

are intended as aids for rapid identification andztherefore include
characteristic features of morphology. Labels for the drawings are
the first letters of the alphabet. Magnification of each figure is
noted beside its explanation—“for instance, b pistillate scale (lo/1).
2, 303123.. Most the drawings are based on specimens
collected by Cantlon et al. in the years 1953, 1957, and 1958. Six
species“ are drawn from descriptions and illustrations in Porsild

(1957). Mackenzie (191m), and Robinson and Femald (1908), and are

individually credited in footnotes on the drawings.

'W 9.._sl__e_aar os var-M w .10 inchenaii;
W. and Mo

 

 

16

We
W The collection locations are

givnn by rivers, lakes, and towns, and the latitude and longitude
noted. A nap of principal rivers of the Slope is on p. 6.

All the collection sites are listed on pp. 18 and 19. None of
the Porsild and Spetsman determinations are verified, and
therefore to the citations are added '(according to Porsild)‘ '
and '(according to Spot zman)‘. The approximate North American
range of each species is mapped in red below the species des-
cription.

2I Sources

a, Collection lgcations and range data. The 510pe distributions
are compiled fro. Porsild (1957) (no collection numbers), collections
cited by Spetsman (1951), and from collection records of Cantlon,
Rebuck, and Bornann (Cantlon et a1. 1953). Cantlon and Gillie
(Caution-Gillie 1957), caution and Malcolm (Cannon-Malcolm 1958),
and Malcolm (1958). The North American range data are compiled
from Robinson and Femald (1908). Porsild (1957). Pelunin (1959),
Hulten (191+1-19u8), and Mackenzie (19%).

W, The map of the Slope is based on
the Brooks Range (63) and Point Hope (6’4) World Aeronautical Chart
maps, compiled and printed in Washington, D.C., by the U. 5. Coast
and Geodetic Survey (December 1951 revision, U. 5. Air Force

Edition). Projection is the Lambert Conformal Conic at a scale of

 

 

17
1:1,000,000. The reduction for the Slope distributions is about

6:37. The map for North American range is taken from Rand McNally's
Polar Map of the World, printed on p. 3 of the Rand McNallz-
§t§gdggg World Atlas, 1951, Rand McNally, New York. Projection is
Polar Aximuthal Eqvidistant at a scale of 1 inch 2: 1872 statute

miles along the meridians.

 

 

18

Collection sites for specimen citations, numbered roughtly W to E.

 

Point Hope, 68°22' N,n166°uo' W.

'Pitmegea River, 68°5h: N, 16h°35i W,

Lake Noluk, u or Colville River, 68°h7' N, 160°00' w,

Nuke. River, 6831;? N, 159°3o' w.

Carbon Creek, 69 15' N, 158°30' V.

Coast, 5' of Barrow ho miles (approx.).

Barrow, 71°20' N, 156°uo' W.

Atkasuk Village, Meade River, 700291 N, 157°25' w.

Colville River, 68°5h’ N, 156°20' V.

10 E ofNigu River, 68°30' N, 156°27' V.

11 Howard Pass, Etivluk River, 68°15' N 156°50' w,

12 Alaktak, Chipp River, 60°b8' N, 155°oov w,

13 Price River, 69°52' N, 152°5o' W.

1“ Lake near Maybe Creek, 69 20' N, 154920‘ w,

15 Krrupa River, forks, 68°80' N, 155°1o' w.

16 3 miles E of Kurupa River,

17 Kurupa Lake, 68°22' N, 15h°ho' W.

18 Colemagavik River, 68°30' N, 15a°33' W.

19 X11111: River, 68°30' N, 15h°20' w,

20 nun: River, 68°10' N, 1514010' V.

21 Headwaters of Fish Greek, 69°55’ N, 152°50' W.

22 Confluence of Kagosukruk and 00171116 River, 69°46' N.
151°50' w,

23 Umiat, 69°22' N, 152°1o' W.

21:, 10 miles ssw of tTmiat, 69°1h' N, 152°27' V. ;,

\Ocn-ocnun1r\orord

 

 

19

Collection sites for specimen citation (cont'd.)

25 Confluence of Itkillik and Colville Rivers, 70°13' N, 150°55' W.
26 8 miles N of Itkillik River, 69°50' N, 150°33' w,
27 Natavekruak Lake, heedwaters of Siksikpuk River tributary,
68°2u' N, 151°38' w,
28.Annktuvnk Pass, Tuliguk Lake, 68°2h' N, 151°25' w.
29 Ianayut Lake, Kanayut River, 68°23' N, 151°oo' w.
30 Itkillik River, lakes, 68°30' N, 150000. N,
31 [uperuk River, forks, 69°83' N, 189°3ov W.
32 Canning River, Shublick Springs, 69°28' N, lu6°lzt w,
33 Canning River, forks, 69°13' N, lb5°§h' W.
an Ikhakpuk Valley, Canning River, 69°25' N, 1u5°3o' w.
35 Sunset Pass, 69°ho' I, luu°u5' w,
36 Anderson Point, 70°00' N, lhu°30' W.
37 Sadlerochit River, Lake Forks, 69°33' N, luu°u . w.
38 Sadlerochit River, Ignek Valley, 69 30' N, 1&5 00' W.
39 Lakes Schrader and Peters, 69°22' N, 1&5000' W,
#0 12 miles N of Okpilak Lake, Okpllak River, 69°36' N, 1&3056' w,
ul Okpilak Lake, Okpilak River, 69°23' N, lhh°0u' w,
N2 5 miles sw of Okpilak Lake, Okpilak River, 69°22! N, luu°01i w,
h} Dark Creek, 6»miles S of Okpilak Lake, Okpilak River,
69°18' N. luu°oo' W.
on Barter Island, 70°10' N, 1u3°uo' W.
“5 10 miles N of Jago Lake, Jago River, 69°45' N, 1h3°u2' w,
“6 Jago Lake, Jago River, 69°“5' N. 1u3°“2' W.

 

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21

t ed sam 11

Cent lon1 , Brown

In the field season of 1958,

2, and Malcolm studied vegetation on 9 transects

located in the foothills of the Brooks Range at the eastern end

of the Slape3. Quadrat data include description of the soil

to permafrost and per cent frequency and per cent cover for each

species. The level of sampling is 1/16 of 1% with random quad-

rats of 100 cm2 and 625 cm2.

1caution, John 3., Professor, Department 01' Botany and Plant

Patholog, flichigan State University, East Lansing, MICHIGAN.

2Brown, Jerry, Graduate Assistant, Department of Soil Science,

Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NEW JERSEY.

33".“ of the transGCtB were in the Ok‘pilak Ri‘v‘er valley within

12 miles of Okpilak Lake, 69°23' no 11114901.“ V. and two were
in the 39.90 River valley in the vicinity of Jago Lake, 69°26' N,
Item-1711..

 

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v! \,

REULTS AND DISCUSSION
ci t i e an dra adi
Distribution of a species is

always the result of the interaction of the diversity of the
species and the diversity of the environment (Thompson, 1959).
The Invironnnntal factors controlling distribution of a Species
through time are past and present climate, soil, geOgranhy, and
biota (Good, 1953). The species factors controlling distribution
are place and time of origin, potentiality of dispersal, and
diversity of the species (Good, 1953). The control of plant
distribution in the Arctic is characterized by a few, dominant
environmental variables-mtemperature, precipitation, and soil.
However, on a local level the principle physical and biotic
environmental factors limiting distribution are 1. soil draier
and moisture, 2. winter snow depth, 3. thickness of the organic
layer, 1+. exposure to winter wind and snow blast, and 5. slope
direction. Perhaps the first, soil drainage and moisture,
is the most important.

In general, soil moisture
increases from upland to lowland along a. gradient of change.
in. gradient is arbitrarily divided into 5 segments from dry to

wet

 

1. barrens and rubble slopes, well-drained, 2. upland
meadow, imperfectly drained, 3. wet meadow, poorly drained, 11.. mailsh,
"1'? poorly drained, and 5. aquatic, standing water over 6 inches

deep (Iodified from Tedrow and Cantlon, 1959). .

 

23

Individuals of a species vary in their
ecological tolerances as well as in their morphology. And, a
variety of habitats occur in a given locality. This diversity I
of the local environment and diversity of individuals causes
differential microdistributionl of a species. ’ r

On pp. 2h-3O are plotted the soil

 

moisture microdistributizms of the known Slope Cariees . i J

The plettings simply indicate the segment of the moisture 1 J

 

gradient occupied by each species. The 5 segments of the gradient ,J
2

1.;-
‘

are noted on the ordinate, and relative abundance on the abscissa
(which is not drawn).
Of the total 36 species studied, 28 per
cent occur in only 1 segment of the moisture gradient, 19 per cent
in 2 segments, 8 per cent in 3, 8 per cent in h, and 0 per cent
in all 5. Three times as many species occur in the wetter half as
in the drier half. And, three times as many species are restricted
to marsh as to barrens. The number of species in each segment increases

by about 50 per cent from the dry to the wet end, until in marsh

there are 2.5 times as many species as in barrens.

1Microdistribntion-—---—-distribution on a strictly local level,

2 rusually in terms of one or a few dominant environmental variables.

Abundance here is the gglativesagundance of ggg.species along the
moisture gradient-———-——-—no attempt is made to graph.the actual
abundance of any species. Therefore, the graphs of all the species
have the same height.

c elm-aim
shrubby or grassy S—facing meadows.

moraine slopes and alluvial fans 1900—14000.

scarce. a/l l\ -

O , amblzgrhzgcha

wet meadows and marshes with or without standing water.

river terraces, lower moraine slopes, and flat ridges, 70-2700.
f/""—-r.~ ‘

occasional. e a / 3“

C, gnatilis var. stans

marshes and wet river sands.

moraine flats, river floodplains, stream sides, and lake margins,
sea level to 3500.

’x
\\

ammt e L—* ‘ ‘ I ‘

 

the dominant species of much of the marshland of the Slope, and
restricted to marsh, dropping Out quickly in both wet meadow
and aquatic vegetation a species of narrow ecoIOg-ical
range but great abundance.

 

5, at 1"ng sca

wet meadows and tussocky marshes.
river terraces, alluvial fans, and lower moraine slepes, 70-2000.
cannon. "xx

c, bicglor
wet sand or silt.
labs margins, stream sides, and marshes.

scarce . g_ l

'b-barrens, u-upland meadow, w-wet meadow, m-narsh, apaquatic.

 

25
C, cgpillaris s.1.

barrens to wet meadow and the drier microsites of marshes.

flats and slopes of mountains, moraines, and river valleys, 350-3500.
. ,///’ \K‘\.
common. L ‘ + ; é¥

 

a successful coloniser of disturbed peat and mineral surfaces of
solifluxion lobes, frost boils or scars, and young river terrace
soils.

0 t ta

upland to wet meadows on organic or mineral soils.

river terraces 1500-2500.

scarce. . -I - L

C, chordorrhiza

pond margins and marshes, often in shallow stagnant water.

river terraces, sea level to 3000.

 

 

commas. k _’ J
0, glacialis

frost boils, barrens, and.sparsely vegetated upland meadows.

moraine crests and ridge tops, 350-3100. .~‘\

scarce. a L . . 4.
2.31m var. mhigega

wet sand and clay. often near the nesting grounds of sea birds,
(Porsild, 1957).

sea coast.

common on the coast.
9;.gzgpcrates

wet meadows.

moraine slopes, alluvial fans, and river terraces.

l

 

scarce e

 

aw

 

26
W

wet meadows to marshes.

river terraces and pond margins, 350-1800.

 

occasional. -— . - *-
CI Emu;

upland meadows tn organic or mineral soils.

moraine slepes and dry river terraces, 1800-2000. ,...

scarce. // \

lache ii

wet sand or organic soil.

marshes, pond margins, and stream sides, sea level to 3000.

common. - /:\
Q, laxa

sedge marshes.
gentle moraine slopes of river valleys. 1500-

very rare. .— - . In

C, Ingens

uPland heath meadows to wet meadows and cottongrass tussocks,
moss tufts, and peat hummocks of marshes.

flauntain flats, moraine slopes and ridges, alluvial fans, and

river terraces, 70-4800. A.
abundant. L l A 4

40 macloviana

9'33”. S-facing slopes, wet meadows, and drier sites in marshes.

mountain flats, lake shores, and flat glacial outfsh areas.

UMPCO e

 

J.- —. .-

p .

"I

u!

t‘_ '.

27

W

dune and shore vegptation on sandy and gravelly soils.

seacosst, lake shores, and bluffs along stream sides, sea level to

 

3000. ,l--
scarce inland, common on the coast. .__i r . ";
C. anacea

wet meadows to marshes in bog soil, or sand and silt of river
floodplains.

river terrace flats, lake margins and stream sides, and alluvial fans,

sea level to 3500. ////»~\\

common. “”‘ ‘ ‘ ‘

often a successful colonizer of older frost boils bn lake margins.
C, micrOglochin

wet meadows.

moraine slepes and sloping river valleys.

scarce. l__ . -jl \\
C, misandra

upland meadows to marshes on organic and mineral soils.

talus lepes of limestone, quartzite, and sandstone, and river
terraces, sea level to 0000. i!/,Wg‘\\

common. -i 4

C, nardina

barrens to upland meadows in soil or calcareous sand or gravel.

steep taluS. till, or blowout slepes of mountains, moraines, and

 

river banks, sea level to 4000. //"X
f l; 44
scarce. In, ‘
Mamie

barrens to wet meadows in usually calcareous soil, sand, or gravel.

steep talus and moraine 310093. 350‘3500’ ’///’—\b\

scarce .

 

01‘

9‘1

28

C, petricosa

grassy, upland meadows on calcareous soils.

steep talus slopes, 2000.

 

scarce. /: \1‘ -
C ca
in marshes and along streams, often in sand. FM”!
river terraces and moraine flats, 70-3500, {K
common. ‘ L . , L X;

 

C , podgcagpa

 

upland meadows to marshes.

river terraces, moraine crests and slopes, and alluvial fans,

 

sea level to 5300. f"
3’ ‘H
/ x
common. ‘ - ‘ ‘ —v
C r are

wet meadows and marshes, occasionally in stagnant water.

river terraces and floodplains, sea level to 3500.

C. rotundata

marshes, often in stagnant water, often on raw mineral soil.

river terraces and alluvial or moraine flats, sea level to 2500.

x \‘1
occasional . ._w - . - #4

9, Lupest ris

barrens and upland meadows in calcareous sandy, gravelly, or rocky soils.

crests of ridges, knolls, and moraines, 50-3509-
2’ "\

..‘-‘
. ‘ " A A #4

common . 'f

:1
11 '
p1

I

l,

H

‘h

”a
v;

.h--_‘

eq

29
C, scigpoidea
barrens to marshes on organic and mineral, often calcareous, soils.

slopes and flats, sea level to 5000. f ,-ll“,

 

/’ \‘,‘ '
abundant. f ‘ * ‘ ‘ * '
a species of wide tolerances to exposure, moisture, and soil conditions.
9, mbgpgthacea _ '—_!l
wet sands and clays. ‘

saline tidal flats. sea level.

 

scarce. n, on in .”34_ -_g {
a strictly littoral species.
W 881). spaniocar'oa
barrens and upland meadows, on sandy, gravelly. and rocky soils.
orposed crests and sIOpes of knolls and moraine!, 500-2000.

/
P8PC. /, l - . ll

0. tenniflora

wet meadows and marshes, on moist or flooded organic or mineral soils.

flats of river terraces and moraines, 500-2700.

/--_
ra1.... - - /. \l

A

Lamina
wet, tide-washed sands.

sheltered sea and lagoon shores (Porsild. 1957). 883 19V€1¢,

 

 

scarce, . i . .
9mm
vet meadows to marshes, often on hummocks and tussocks.
flats of river terraces and low moraines, 100-2500- /\\
\ ,

;_d

 

occasional. >ri ‘

30

C. willi si

tussock meadows and drier microsites of marshes, often on moss
tufts, cottongrass tussocks, and peat hummocks.

river terraces and alluVial fans, 100-3000.

occas 101131. :_ A "A A ;

 

 

32

 

flph of abundance against soil moisture

-' per cent cover

J i [:3 per cent frequency

 

   

 

 

 

 

 

LIL . .

J 0 b c d e f g h i J k 1 I n 0
soil moi stnre eat egoriee

m 1m 3013 (68 quadrats of 625 cm2)

 

 

'A
e,‘

graph of abundance spinst soil moisture
“0&8

 
 

 

 

 

 

 

, _ per cent cover
. + 1:: per cent frequency
1 r
160 . . 2.0'
an ‘ i
I 1r
w . b
. 1.0
140 .
a) .
.. , , I
e b e d e f g h 1 J k 1 . s .

 

toil Ioisture cat egorieel

Ca
~11! m; Vahlenb. var M t('Dre',}'.) Detour... (31 quedrsts of 625 c312)

I.-

II.

 

 

35

Environmental measurements obtained in

the transect studies for the common species C. aquatilis var.

stansl, G, lugens, and C. podocarloa2 are tabulated on pp. 36 and 37.

 

 

1 G atilis or C, stans of some authors.

2 W or C. microchaeta of some authors.

CATEGORY

c. pododgpg R.Br. (cont 'd.)

per cent bryophyte cover

per cent shrub cover (over 12 inches)
per cent vascular cover

macrorelief

mesorelief

microrelief

3?

'DATA (average of quadrats)

11

0.05

36

till and fan slopes

polygons present 71 per cent
solifluction present 17 per cent
moss tufts present 3h per cent
boulders present 25 per cent
erosion evident 22 per cent

 

CATIGORY

36

DATA (average of quadrats)

C, gusting Wahlenb. var. stans (Drej.) Ostenf. (31 quadrats of 625 cm2)

depth to frost

slope angle

snow depth.(estimated)

snow melt-off (estimated)
presence of carbonates

per cdnt organic matter cover

per cent bare rock and soil cover
per cent lichen cover

per cent bryOphyte cover

per cent shrub cover (over 12 inches)
per cent vascular cover
macrorelief

mesorelief

microrelief

G, Ingeng Holn (68 quadrats of 625 cm2)

depth to frost

slope angle

snow depth (estimated)

snow melt-off (estimated)
'preeence of carbonates

per cent organic matter cover

per cent bare rock and soil cover
- per cent lichen cover

per cent bryonhyte cover

per cent shrub cover (over l2 inches)

per cent vascular cover

macrorelief

mesorelief

microrelief

15 inches

close to 0

moderate to deep

average

none

22

0 05

Des

19

2

3h

terrace and old lake bottom
polygons present 20 per cent
strangmoors present 13 per cent
tussocks present b2 per cent
moss tufts present 42 per cent

19 inches

very slight to slight
deep

average

none

15

0.05

6

8b

0.05

#8

terrace, fan, and low till
polygons present bl per cent

solifluction present 12 per cent

mosS‘tufts present 56 per cent
tussocks present 28 per cent

£LJE§2£§£E§_R.Br. (65 quadrats of 625 cm2)

depth to frost

slope angle

snow depth (estimated)

snow melt-off (estimated)
presence of carbonates

per cent organic matter cover
per cent bare rock and soil cover
per cent lichen cover

over #0 inches
slight

moderate to light
average to early
present 10 per cent
15

2

27

 

CATEGORY

c. pododm‘ R.Br. (cont 'd,)

per cent bryophyte cover

per cent shrub cover (over 12 inches)
per cent vascular cover

macro relief

mesorelief

microrelief

37

'DATA (average of Quadrats)

11

0.05

36

till and fan slooes

polygons present 71 per cent
solifluction presEnt 17 per cent
moss tufts present 3h per cent
boulders present 25 per cent
erosion evident 22 per cent

 

Key to the Care: species of the

l.

3.
3.

Arctic Slope of Alaska.

spike single, terminal.
spikes 2 or more.

2. spike unisexual or uSually so.
2. spike bisexual.

stigmas 2, perigyhium hairy.
stigmas 3, perigynium not hairy.

h. spike gynaecandrous, species littoral.

a. spike androgynous, species not littoral.

stigmas 3.

stigmas 2.

6. leaves filiform, perigynium 5-6 mm long,
subulate and reflected.

6. leaves not filiform, perigynium 3 mm long,
lanceolate and not reflected.

leaf sheaths brown, perigynium dull brown at
maturity, leaves curled.

leaf sheaths dark purple, perigynium shiny dark

brown at maturity, leaves not curled.

8. leaves longer than the culm, perigynium
stipitate. '

8. leaves shorter than the culm, perigynium
not stipitate.

spikes sessile.

spikes pedunculate.

38

2

9

3

a

C, scigpoidea
C. gznocrgtes
iguana.

5

6

8

C, microglochin

C. rupestris

C, obtnsata

C. harditla

CI canitata.
10

16

 

 

ll.

11.

13.

13.

15.

15.

17.
17.

19.

19.

perigyniul brawn-orange,
perigynia in each spike erect.

perigyhium green or gold, spikes 2—5, the lowermost

perigynium elliptic and green,

10. spikes gynaecandrous .

10. spikes androgynous.

spikes 3-7, the lowermost

perigynia in each spike reflected.

12. spikes clustered at apex of the ailm.

but separated on the culm.

12. spikes approximate

pistillate scale

silvery and transparent.

perigynium lanceolate and golden brown, pistillate

9681. b rowne

lfl. species littoral.

1“.

species not littoral.

nto dense, ovoid, lowermost

spikes crowded i
ium distinctly

perigynia reflected, perigyn

' stipitate .

spikes approximate on culm, lowermost perigynia
erect, perigynium not stipitate.

l6. stigmas 2.
16.

terminal spike gynaecandrous.

stigmas 3.

tenminal spike staminate.

lower spikes drooping on capillary peduncles,

18.
perigynium distinctly beaked.

peri-

18. lower spikes erect on stout peduncles,
gynium short-beaked or beakless.

dwarf littoral sedg
pistillate spikes few—flowered.

coarse bog and meadow sedge, culms longer than the
leaves, pistillate spikes many-flowered.

e, culms hidden among the leaves,

39
ll

15

Ca macloviana

12

13
1h

0, tvggmgiflora

C lechenalii

W

C, glareosa
var . agghi ggna

C. amblyorhypcha'

CI maritima

9L,Chordorrhig§_

17
21

C bicolor

W

18

g47physocarpa

19

C, subspathacea_

20

 

 

21.

21.

23.
23.

25.

25.

27.

27.

lowest bract longer than the inflorescence,

20.
pistillate spikes long-cylindrical.

llowest bract shorter than the inflorescence,

20.’
pistillate spikes oblong to cylindrical.

terminal spike gnaedandrous, plant densely caes-
pitOIO.

terminal spike androgynous, plant caespitose or
stoloniferons.

d with sig-zag

22. pistillate spikes few—flowers
rachilla.
22. pistillate spikes many-flowered.with spike

axis hidden.

lowest bract long-sheathing (over 10 mm).

lowest bract not sheathing or sho rt-sheathing
(less than 5 mm).

pistillate spikes 2—ranked and few-flowered
with sig—zag rachilla.

pistillate spikes not 2-ranked and few- to
many-flowered with rachilla hidden.

2J4.

2N.

pistillate spikes drooping on capillary peduncles,

leaves flat.
pistillate spikes erect on capillary peduncles,
leaves filifovm.

s—margined and b—5 cm

26. perigynium scabrou
long.

26. perigynium smooth-margined and less than
h m long.

pistillate spikes erect on stout peduncles, peri-
gnius beak bidentate.

drooping on capillary peduncles,

pistillate spikes
runcate or bidentate.

perigynium beak t

C atilis
var. stang

CI 133gens.

22
23

CI krapsei

C. misandra

21+
29
25
26

Qanaafldlesia.

C. williams ii

Q... pctrico 39;

27
_C ~_V§£1nata
28

 

 

41

28. perigynium distinctly stipitate. beak short

and truncate, pistillate scale brown with green
midvein. 9g~125§

28. perigynium rounded at the base, beak long and
bidentate, pistillate scale purple-black with
' C, atrofusca

obscure midvein.

3%, pistillate spikes erect or sp“eading on short pedun-
cles (2 II or less). 30
33.

2£;a1bo-nigrg

29. pistillate spikes erect or drooping on long peduncles.

30. terminal spike gynaecandrous.

30. terminal spike staminate or with a few pistillate
flowers at the base.

31

31. terminal spike hidden between the two lateral pistillate
spikes. C, holgstoma.

32

31. terminal spike conspicuous.

32. lowest bract short-sheathing, plant caespitose. W
32. lowest bract not sheathing, plant stoloniferous. Q._snpina ssp.
spaniocagpa
.IL lower pistillate spikes drooping'or nodding on
slender peduncles. 3“
33. lower pistillate spikes erect on stout peduncles. 35
3“. lowest bract short-sheathing, perigynium hearty
beakless, spikes 2 or 3. C rariflora
N
3“. lowest bract not sheathing, perigynium short-
beaked, spikes 3-7. C, nodocarna
35. leaves flat, lowest bract erect. C, membranacpa

35. leaves infolute, lowest bract reflected. C. rotngdata

 

 

1+2

Glossary of Terms

Edna!” (Carer) said of a spike in which the staminate flowers
are borne above (acropetal to) the pistillate flowers.

mmnmte close together but not teaching.
mricle an ear-shaped appendage.

hidentgte having two teeth.

11128221. having both stamen(s) and Pistil(s).

m a modified leaf subt ending a flower or inflorescence.
caespitosg growing in tufts or mats.

glcareggs rich in lime.

papillary hair-like.

mm; touching.

M the stem of grasses or sedges.
filindricg shaped like a cylinder.
figliaceops leafy.

filifggm thread-like.

1m rolled longitudinally as in the leaves of Ammophila.

4m: lacking pubescence, smooth.

W (Carer) said of a spike in which the staminate flowers
are borne below (basipetal to) the pistillate flowers.

m the general appearance of a plant.
W the local environment of a plant, svch as marsh.

m transparent or translucent.

 

 

43

Glossary of Term (cont'd.)

median or central vein of a bract or leaf.

$2121.21. (aims)
mm with a small, abruptly pointed tip.

lgcgglatg O

1129.211 /

m (litoral) growing on seashores.
m marked with veins or slender ribs.
ngnelesg not nerved.

gblanceolate O

obgvate O
obtuse blunt .

ovate 0

ed c to supported by a flower stalk.

W (Cgex) the inflated sac enclosing the achene.

rachilla smll rachis, (Carer) the spike axis.

2mm (C_a_r_e_x_) turned downward or back on itself.
mgr. a slender stolon.

 

mm rough, armed with minute bristles.
ml: (slam) a membranaceous bract lacking chlorophyll.
129—511.! lacking a stalk.

m a tubular envelope.
112m (.9203) an inflorescence of sessile florets along a common aris.

mm the part of the pistil that receives pollen.

 

 

Glossary of terms (cont 'd.)

stipitate. with a short stalk.
WEE. producing runners or any basal branch which tends to root. I

we m:-
J

mbplate A r
tgncgte cut off transversely.

W with stamens or pist ils but not both.

 

 

“5

BIBLIOGRAPHY
Anderson, J. P.. 1916-1952, Flora of Alaska and Adjacent Parts

of Canada, Iowa State Coll. Journ. Sci., vol. 18-26. ,

Bliss, L. 0., and Cantlon: J. E., 1957, Succession on River
Alluvium in Northern Alaska, Amer. Midl. Nat. 58.

Bacher, T. H., 1950, Contributions to the Flora and Plant
Geography of Western Greenland, Medd. o. Grl. 1147, 7:1-39.

Britten, M. E., 1957, Vegetation of the Arctic Tundra, Arc. 13101.,
18th Biology Colloquium, pp. 26-61.

 

Churchill, E. D., 1955, Phytosociological and Environmental
Characteristics of some Plant Communities in the Umiat

Region of Alaska, Ecology 36:606-627.

Churchill, E. D., and Hanson, B. C., 1958, the Concept of Climax
in Arctic and Alpine Vegetation, Bot. Rev. zu:127-191.

Conover, J. H., 1955, Micro-and Macro-climatolOgy or the Arctic
Slape of Alaska, Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America,

vol. 36, no. 3, p. 96.7.

Detterman, R. L., Bowsher, A. L., Dutro, J. T. Jr., 1958, Glaciation on
the Arctic Slope of the Brooks Range, Northern Alaska, Arctic
(Journal of A.I.N.A.), vol. 11, no 1.

Drury, w. H., 1956, Bog Flats and Physiographic Processes in the
Upper Kuskokwim River Region, Alaska, Gray Herb. Contrib. 178.

Duman, H. C., 19U1, the Genus Care; in Eastern Arctic Canada, Cath.
Univ. of Am. Press, Washington, D.C.

Duman, M. C., and Krysschuk, D., 1958, Introgressive Hybridization
in the Care; gtaps-Bigelowii Complex, Bull. Torr. Bot. Club, 85

Fernald, M. L., and Robinson, B. L., 1908. GMY'S Manual 0f Botany.
7th Edit ion, Amrican Book Company, London.

Fernald, M, L., 1950, Gray's Manual of Botany, 8th Edition, American
Book Company, London.

G00‘1. H., 1953, the Geography of the Flowering Plants, Longmans, Green
and Company, London.

 

 

 

p,-

HUI

t .
so.
um!

.““I

n.‘l

~
I
i."

Hulten, B., l9hl-50, Flora of Alaska and Yukon, Lunds Uhiv. Arrskrift.
N. F. Ard 2. Bd. 37~h6.

Love, .A., Love, D., and Raymond, H., 195?, Cytotaxonomy of Carex .
Section Capillares, Can. Jour; Bot. 35. ,

Mackenzie, K. K., 19b0, North American Cariceae, New York Botanical
Garden, vol I, II, plates 1—539.

Polunin, H., 1959. Circumpolar Arctic Flora, Oxford, Clarendon Press.

Porsild, A. B., 1951, Botany of Southeastern Yukon Adjacent to the
Canal Road, Nat. Mus. of Can. Bull. 121.

, 1955, The VasCular Plants of the Western Canadian ArCtic
Archipelago, Nat. Mus. of Can. Bull 135. l

 

 

, 1957. Illustrated Flora of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago,
Nat. Mus. of Can. Bull. 1&6.

Rand MCNally-Standard World Atlas, 1951, Rand McNally, New York.

Raup, H. H., 19h7, The Botany of Southwestern Mackenzie, Sargentia 6:1-262.

Sochava, V. B., 1933, Tundras of the Anabar River Basin, Izb. Gosud.
GeOgr. Obshch. 65, 3co-36u.

Spethan, L, A., 1951, Plant Geography and Ecology of the Arctic Slope
of Alaska, M.S. Thesis, Univ. of Minn.

Tedrow, J. C. F., Drew, J. V., Hill, D. E-. and Douglas, L. A., 1958,
Major Genetic Soils of the Arctic Slope of Alaska, Journ. Soil
Science, vol. 9, no. 1.

Tedrow, J. c. F., and Cantlon, J. B., 1959. Concepts of Soil Formation
and Classification in Arctic Regions, Arctic, (Jburnal of .A.I.N.A.),

vol. 11, no. 3.
Thompson, W., 1959, Lectures in Insect Ecoloyy, Michigan State University,
East Lansing.

 

“7

Carex albo-nigga Mack.

Loosely tufted with a short, stout rhizome and persistent re 6

gaggl sheaths. Culm 25-h5 cm long, twice as long as the 2-3 mm
Lowest bract foliaceous, short-sheathing (1-2 mm),

wide leaves.
shorter than the inflorescence. Spikes 3 or b, contiguous, the

terminal gynaecandzous, clubushaped, 15 x 5 mm, the lateral pis-
tillate, elliptic, 7 x 3 mm, erect on stout peduncles. Pistillate

scale slightly longer than the perigyniung dark brown with a gig-
Perigynium

tinct Exalin margin and narrow buff-colored midvein.
elliptic, smooth-margdned, nerveless, dull dark brown at maturity,
with a short (O.h mm) shallowly bidentate beak. Stigmas 3.

 

 

Carex albo—nigga Mack.

i

     

 

 

a habit (1/2)
b pistillate scale (lo/l)

c perigynium (IO/1)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Care: glbo-niggg Mack.

G

//

 

 

\—\

Lakes Schrader and Peters, 69°22' N, 1&5000' W, Snetzman (acc. to
Spetzman) 668, Scholander and Flagg (acc. to Spetzman) 186.

Okpilak Lake, Okpi‘.ak River, 69°23' N, inuoou' w, Cantlon-Gillie
57-1795, 57-17h9, 57-2073, 57-22h0, Cantlon-Malcolm 58-50h,
Malcolm 5.

Jago Lake, Jago River, 69°26' N, 1h3°h7' W, Cantlon-Gillis 57-17h8.

 

Gag-3: anhlzgrhncha Krecs .

Loosely caespitose with trailing. leafy stems and persistent dead
leaves. Gulls 20-30 cm long, twice as long as the 0.7-1.5 mm wide
leaves. WW. not
sheathing, shorter than the inflorescence. Spikes 2—14, the lowest
up to 5 m below the others, W1. obovate, 6 x 14 mm,
m. Pistillate scale ovate, shorter than the perigmium,
blunt, with s. wide hyalin margin and 2 chestnut stripes on each
side of the buf£colored midvein area. Perigyninm elliptic, 2.7 x
1.2 mm. c s-ma ed / -n rv d d-

s 0 mm on . StigIas 2.

 

 

Carex amblzorhzgcha Krecs.

 

 

a. habit (1/2)
b pistilhate scale (lo/1)

, c perigynium (IO/1)
‘

 

 

 

ngx gablzgrmcha Krécs.

/‘ ’” W

 

Umiat, 69°22' N, 152°1o' w, Porsild (acc. to Porsild).

Kagoeukruk River, 69%6' N, 151°50' W, Cantlon et 91 53-368. 53-919.
53-515-

Confluence of Itkillik and Colville Rivers, 70°13' N, 150°55' W.
Cantlon et a1 53-584.

12 miles N of Okpilak Lake, Okpilak River. 69°36' N. 143050 w.
Cannon-Malcolm 584148, 58-2147, 58—14147.

Okpilak Lake, Okpilak River, 69°23' N. 1h3°h7' W. Cannon-Malcolm
58—155.

Jago Lake, Jago River, 69°26' N, 11430147' W, Caution-Gillie 57-931,
57-1002. 57-11u2, 57-1158, 57-1581, 57-2108.

 

Care: gnatiligflahlenb. var. gtans (Drej.) Ostenf.

We sth basa he hsorl
m, Culm 15-th cm long, 1.5 times the 2-5 m wide leaves.
Lowest bract foliaceons, not sheathing, ggnal to grlonger than
the inflorescencg. Spikes h or 5, the lowest remote, the terminal
1 or 2 staminate, oblanceolate, 15 x 5 mm (the lower smaller),

the lateral pistillate, lingg; to cylindrical, 15-30 x 3-5 mm,
erect on stout 2-6 mm long peduncles. Pist illate scale lanceolate,
longer but narrower than the perigvniun, acute, lacking a hyilin
margin, black, the midvein green. Perimium obovate to circular,
2.5 x 1.5 mm, smooth-margined, nerveless, dull cream or green,

the beak very short (0.2 mm) and truncate. Stigams 2.

 

 

 

 

28.125 man Wahl+h v 1'. sign; (DreJ.) Ostenf.

\\ :.
V .

\

‘/

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

s habit (1/2)
b pistillate scale (10/1)
c perigynium (10/1)

 

 

 

Care: gg‘ Eatilig‘lfahlenb. var. stans (DreJ.) Ostenf.

 

,

\l\

Pitmegea River, 68°5h' N, 16h°35' W} Cantlon-Gillie 57-297.

Lake Noluk, upper Colville River, 68°47' N. 150°00' W, Spetzman
(acc. to Spetzman) 3716. 3922, 2965, #265.

Nukaugiver, 68°h5' N, 159°50' W, Spetzman (acc. to Spetzman) 3966,

73.

Carbon Creek, 69°15' N, 158°30' w, Spetzman (ecc. to Spetzman) 2231.

Barrow, 71°20' N, 1560u0' w, Scholander (acc. to Spetznan) 595.

Colville River, 68°h5' N, 156°20' W, Spetsman (acc. to Spetzman)
2271.

Howard Pass, Etivluk River, 68°15' N, 156°50' W. Spetzman (acc.
to Spetzman) 2305.

Alaktak, Chipp River, 600h8' N, 155°OO' W, Scholander (8.00. to
spetzman) 173, Spetzman (acc. to Spetzman) 2hh2.

Lake near Maybe Creek, 69°20' N, 15h°20' V. Spetzman (acc. to
Spetzman) 25119.

Kurupa Lake, 68°22' N. 15h°h0' W, Sgetzman (acc. to Spetzman) 3760.

0°1amnasav1k River, Mount Front, 68 30' N, 15u°33' w, Olson (acc.

to Spetzman) 22.
Killik River, 68010! N, 15h010' W, Lachenbruch (acc. to Spetzman) l6.

Umiat. 69°22' N, 152°1o' w, Cantlon et a1 53.1, 53-110, 53-128,
53-1110, 53—201, 53-692, 5341065, 53-5067, Scholander (acc. to
Spetzman) 172, Spetzman (acc. to Soetzman) 1259. 2700. 2731.

Natavakruak Lake, headwaters of tributary of Siksikpvk River,
68°24' N, 151°38' W, Cantlon et a1 53-515h.

E 0f Colville-River at delta. 70°13' N, 150°55' W, Cantlon et a1

53-589., 0 | O . ( t
Amalctmmk Pass, Tulig'uk Lake, 68 2a N. 151 25 W. Spetzman 860- 0

SPetzma'n) 1758.
KanEYut Lake, Kanayut River, 68°23' N, 151000' W, Spetzman (acc. to

Spetzman) 1969.

 

 

 

Itkillik River, lakes, 68°30' N, 150°OO’ W, Gudin (acc. to
Spetzman) 6.

Canning River, forks, 69°13' N, 1&5059' W, Spetzman (acc. to
Spetzman) 360.

Ikiakpuk Valley, Canning River, 69°25' N, 1&5030' W, Scholander
and Flagg (acc. to Spetzman) 17h.

Sadlerochit River, Ignek Valley, 69°30' N, 1150001 N, Spetzman
(acc. to Spetzman) 871.

Sadlerochit River, Lake Forks, 69°35' N, lhb°u5' W, Spetzman
(acc. to Spetzman) 1057.

Lakes Schrader and Peters, 69°22' N, 1U5°OO' W, Scholander and
Flagg (acc. to Spetzman) 171.

12 miles N of Ok‘pilak Lake, Okpilak River, 69°25' N, 1u3°56' w,
Cantlon-Malcolm 58-260.

Ok‘plla‘c Lake, Okpilak River, 69°23' N, 1am°otu 'w', Cantlon-Gillie
57-2135. 57-2331. 57-2275~

Jago Lake, Jago River, 69°26' N, 143047' W. Cantlon—Gillie 57-927.
57-11111, 57—1hu6, 57-1591, 57—1610.

Barter Island, 70°10‘ N, 143°U0‘ W, Spetzman (acc. to Spetzman) 1233.

 

 

was signage. Schk.

Loosely caespitose. the older leaves disintegrating. Calm 25-140
cm long, 3 times longer than the 2-h In wide leaves. Lowest bract
foliaceous. MW. much shorter than the in-
florescence. Spikes 3-5, remote, the “min 9], staginate, club-
shaped, 15 x 5 mm, the lateral pistillate, ovate to elliptic,

10 x 6 ll, 1222121115 on long (10-110 41m) capingn peduncles, Pis-
tillate scale lanceolate. equal to the perigynium, acute, wann-
tipped, M with an obscure midvein. Perigynium ovate-lanceo-
late, h x 1.5 mm, scabrous-mrgined, nerveless, W

o e a no i - e

Itmnglz bidengatg beak. Stigms 3.

 

‘/”.I I

 

 

 

Care: at rofusca Schk.

 

of

a habit (1/2)

b pistillate scale (lo/1)
c perigvnium (lO/l)

 

 

 

 

Care: atrofnsca Schk.

Meade River, 70°b0' N, 157°20' W (approx.), Porsild (acc. to Porsild).

Umiat, 69°22' N, 152°10' W, Cantlon et a1 53-281, Spetzman (acc. to
Spetsman) 2683.

Confluence of Kogosukruk and Colville Rivers, 69°h6' N, 151°50' W,
Cantlon et a1 53-334.

8 miles I of Itkillik River. 69°50' N, 150031 W, Cantlon et al
53-h7u8.

Confluence of Itkillik and Colville Rivers, 70°13' N, 150°55' V.
Cantlon et a1 53-h78, 53-657.

Okpllak Lake, Okfpilak River, 69°23' N, 11414001“ W, Cantlon-Gillie
57-2021, Cantlon-Malcolm 58-512. Mail-€301?“ 10.

Jago Lake, Jag-o River, 69°26' N, 1s30u7' w, Cantlon-Gillis 57-951.
57-590, 57-989, 57-1h49, 57-15140, Cantlon-Malcolm 58-5118.

 

 

mammal.

Loosely caespitose, the old leaves persisting. Culm 5-20 cm long,
nodding, 2-3 times the 1-3 mm wide leaves. Lowest bract foliaceous,
black-auricled, equal to or longer than the inflorescence. Spike;
3, 29111192112. the seminal maecgdzmas, oblanceola te.to obovate,
7 x 3 mm, the lateral p1stillate, obovate, 7 x 3 mm,- erect on long
(10 mm) peduncles. Pistillate scale obovate, shorter than the
perignium. acute to mucronate, hyalin-margined, dark brown with a
lighter midvein area. Perigynium obovate, 2.5 x 1.5 mm, W
W, smooth-margined, faintly many-nerved, W

In}; a van 39221 (0,; 9g) tmngate beak. Stigms 2.

 

 

Carex bicolor All.

 

 

 

a habit (1/2)
'b pistillate scale (19/1)"‘
c perigvnium (IO/l)"I

 

"‘ redrawn from Mackenzie, 19%, plate 269. a and h-

 

 

 

Qgex gapillarig L.

W the deed leaves perSisting. Culm 5-20 cm long,
mm, about 3 times the 1-2 mm wide leaves. Lowest bract folia-

ceous, 191W”, shorter than the inflorescence.
Spikes 3-5, remote, the terminal staninate, lanceolate, 5 x 1 mm,
the lateral pistillate, cylindrical to oblanceolate, 7 x 2 mm,

0 a a ' - d w
W. Pistillate scale ovate, shorter than the perigynium,
acute to obtuse, with a broad hyalin mrgin, chestnut brown, the mid-
vein obscure. Perigynium lanceolate, 3 x 1 mm, scabrOue-margin‘ed,vnot
nerved, shiny dark brown, tapering to a long (0.8 m) hyalin-tipped,
bidentate beak. Stigmas 3.

 

 

99,11; capillaris L,

 

 

 

 

 

 

habit (1/2)
pistillate scale (lo/l)

perigynium (lo/1)
terminal spike portion of inflorescence (lO/l)

a.
b
c
d

Carex capillaris L.

 

Lake Noluk, upper Colville River, 68°h7' N, 160°00' W, Spetzman
(acc. to Spetzman) 3923.

E of Nigu River, 68°30' N, 156°27‘ W, Cantlon et a1 53-h687.

Lake near Maybe Creek, 69°30' N, l5h°20' W, Spetzman (acc. to
Spetzman) 2551.

Killik River, 68°30' N, 15h°2o' w, Cantlon et al 534817.

Umiat, 69°22' N, 152°1o' w, Cantlon et 8.1 53-100, 53-12u, 53-293,
Scholander (acc. to Spetzman) 161, 163, Spetzman (acc. to
Spetzman) 1261. o o

Confluence of Kogosukruk and Colville Rivers, 69 h6' N, 151 25' W,
Cantlon 91‘ ‘31 53-“0’4. 53-439. 53-537. 53-942-

Anaktuvuk Pass, Tuliguk Lake, 68°b2' N, 151°25' W, Spet2man (acc.
to Spetzman) 1626, 1619. 1886.

Itiakpuk Valley, Caning River, 69°25' N, 145030' 11, Scholander and
Flagg (acc. to Spetzman) 16b. 0

Sadlerochit River, Ignek valley, 69°30' N. 1&5 00' W. Spetzman
(see. to Spetzman) 1022. o

Lakes Schrader and Peters, 69°22' N. 1&5 00' W, Scholander and
F1 (acc. to etzman) 159.

Sadlerzggit River, EZke Fbrks, 69°35' N. 144°“5' W; Spetzman
acc. S e zman 1062.

12 miles 11th gkjflilak)Lake, Okpilak River. 69°36' N. ”3°59 W.
Cantlon-Malcolm 58-258, 58-299-

 

Okpilak Lake, Okpilak River, 69°23' N, 11114001“ W, Cantlon-Gillie
57-1900, Cantlon-Malcolm 58-22, 58-11146.

10 miles N of Jago Lake, Jago River, 690145' N, 111301;? W, Cantlon-
Gillis 57-1668.

Jago Lake, Jago River, 69026' N, 1&3007' w, Cantlon—Gillie 57-552,
57-508. 57-7149. 57-972. 57-1057. 57-1hh2. 57-1452.

 

Care: M; L.

Loosely caespitose, with dark brown basal sheaths and persisting

old leaves. Culm 15-25 cm long, 1.5 to 2 times the filiform, 0.8

m wide, trigonousleaves. Lowest bract scale-like, not sheathing,
much shorter than the inflorescence. §p_i,ke' siggée. terminal, andro-
mgps, ovate, 6 x 6 m, Pistillate scale ovate, shorter than the
perimium. acute, with a hyalin margin, chestnut brown, the midvein
obscure. Perigynium lanceolate-ovate. 3.5 x 1.2 mm, smooth-margined,
nameless, shiny brown above, tapering to a long (0.7 mm) bidentate
beak. Stigmas 2.

 

 

933:; cgpitata L .

   

 

 

 

 

a habit (1/2)
b pistillate scale (10/1)
c perimium (lo/l)

 

Care: capitata L.

 

}

//

 

 

Ikiakpuk Valley, Canning River, 69°25' N, 1h5°30' W, Scholander
and Flagg (acc. to Spetzman) 150, Spetzman (acc. to Spetzman)
1254.

Sadlerochit River, Ignek Valley, 69°30' N, lh5°00' W, Spetzman
(acc. to Spetzman) 857. .

Okpilak Lake, Okpilak River, 69°23' N, 1hh°0h' W, Cantlon-Malcolm

58-270.
Jago Lake, Jags River, 69°26' N, 143°h7' W, Cantlon-Gillie 57-1613.

I
l
9
I

MW Ehrh.

§tglonigerggs, with long, few-goal“ Banners and leafy ascending
M. Culn 10-20 on long. equal to or slightly longer than the
1-2 mm wide leaves. Lowest bract scale-like, not sheathing, much
shorter than the inflorescence. Spikes 3-8, cgntigngns, sessilg,
mgmogs, flogged into a head 10 x 15 m. Pistillate scale
ovate, longer than the perigynium, acute. hyalin at the margins,
dark brown with a green or buff midvein area. Midvein obsCure.
Perigynium ovate, 2 x 1 mm, smooth-nargined, nerved, dull brown.
slightly winged, with a 0.3 m, bidentate beak. Stigmas 2.

 

 

Oarex chordorrhisa Ehrh.

     

 

a habit (1/2)
b pistillate scale (lO/l)
c perigynium (10/1)

Cage: cg rdo rrhiza Ihrh.
fl' fl’ Jk

Lake Noluk, upper Colville River, 680147' N, 160°OO' w, Spetzman
(acc. to Spetzman) 1:269, #302, #366.

Alaktak, Chipp River, 60°h8' N, 155°OO' W, Spetzman (acc. to Spetz-
man) M6.

Unlat. 69°22' N, 152°1o' w, Cantlon et a1 53-117, 53-119, 53-138,
53-279. 53-14567, 53-5068, 53-5245. Scholander (acc. to Spetzman)
1’48. Spetzman (acc. to Spetzman) 1256, 2216, 2682.

Confluence of Itkillik and Colville Rivers, 70°13' N, 150°55' W,
Cantlon et a1 53-5333, 53-1477.

Anaktuvuk Pass, Tuliguk Lake, 68°21“ n, 151°25' w. Spetsan (acc. to
Spetzman) 1780. o

Kanayut Lake, Kanayut River, 68°23' N, 151 00' w, Spetzman (acc. to
Spetzman) 1977. o

Ikiakpulc Valley, Canning River, 69°25' N, 1&5 30' W, Scholander and
Fla (acc. to etzman) 151.

12 milesgg of OkpilakspLake, Okpilak River. 69°36' N. 1h3°56' V.
Cantlon-Malcolm 58—2b8.

Jaso Lake, Jago River, 69°26' N, 143°47' W, Cantlon-Gillie 57-955.

57‘612‘9 57-11% .

 

        

-.; . -. , u- u- - L2,; Culn 3-9 on long, 1.5
times the 0.3-0.8 mm wide leaves. owe b d s -
MW). Spikes 3 or 1), somewhat distant, the terminal stam-
inate, lanceolate, h x 15 mm, the lateral pistillate, 1w,

5 x 3 an, erect on short (1.5 III) peduncles. Pistillate scale ovate,
shorter than the perigynium, obtuse, narrowly hwalin-margined, chestnut
brown with a lighter green or ten nidvein area. Perignium ovate,

Z x 1 ll, snooth—nargined, nerveless, dull brown above with a 193;
Law. Stigma 3.

 

 

Care: glacialis Mack.

 

 

 

 

 

 

a habit (1/2)
b inflorescence (IO/1)

9m; gagialis Mack.

/7 //

 

 

u

Umiat, 69°22' N, 152010! w, Spetzman (acc. to Spttsman).

10 miles ssw of Umiat, 6901M N. 152°27' V. Cantlon et a1 5343+6.
53-45%.

8 miles s of Okpilak Lake, Okpilak River, 69°18' N, 1M°oo' 1!,
(approx. ), Cantlon-Malcolm 58-1M.

cho Lake, Jago River, 69°26' N, 1h3°h7' W. Cantlon-Gilli: 57-600.
Cantlon-Malcolm 58-1528, 58—600.

Care: glareosa Vahlenb. var mhigena Fern.

ngggu gflgpitggg littgzfl species. Culm 10-25 cm long, twice
the 1-2.5 mm wide leaves. Lowest bract scale-like, not sheathing,

much shorter than the inflorescence. Spikes 2-14, more or less
contiguous, the terminal W, obovate, 5 x 3 mm, the

1d eral ovate, 5 x 3 mm, gegsilg. Pistillate scale obovate,
shorter than the perigvnium, obtuse, widely hyalin-margined, dark
brown, the midvein area tan. Perigynium ovate, 3.5 x 1 mm, smooth-
margined, mm-nerved, dull tan, W with a short
(0.3 mm) mm beak. Stigmas 2.

 

 

 

Gare: glareosa Wahlenb. var. ggphigena Vern

   

 

 

a, habit (1/2)-
b pistillate scale (10/1)
c perigynium (lO/l)¢

 

1 Porsild, 1957, p. 53, fig. 19a. and p. 48, fig. 1612.

1

 

 

Care: glareosa Wahlenb. far. agghiggna Fern.

 

 

 

\a\

Coast SW of Barrow no miles (approx.) Porsild (acc. to Porsild).

Qarex mocrates Wormskj .

Stoloniferous, the old leaves persisting. Gulm 5-20 cm long,

twice the filifom (0.5 mm) leaves. Lowest bract scale-like,

not sheathing, much shorter than the inflorescence. Spike.

single—,- terminal, ' ise a1 or occasio bise a the ilce
than andromons), linear staminate) to cylindrical (pistillate),
10 x 3 mm. Pistillate scale ovate, shorter than the perigvnium,
acute, hyalin-margined, brown, with a lighter midvein area.
Perigynium elliptic, 3 x 1.5 mm, smooth-mrgined, many-nerved,
somewhat shiny dark brown, ow e i ia flexed at matur ,
with a short (0.5 m) bidentate beak. Stigma 2.

 

 

Carex gnocrat es Wormskj .

 

 

 

 

a habit (1/2)*
b pistillate scale (10/1)
0 perigynium (10/1)‘

" redraIn from Porsild, 1957, p. 50, fig. 17‘1 and 13-. #8: ,fig. 163'

 

Carex glacialis Mack.

 

 

 

a habit (1/2)
b inflorescence (lo/1)

Ogr_ex agialis Mack.

 

 

Umiat, 69°22' N, 152°10' w, Spetzman (acc. to Spttsman).

10 miles ssw of Umiat, 69°11“ N, 152°27' w, Cantlon et a1 5348&6.
53.15%.

8 miles s of Okpilak Lake, Okpilak River, 69°18' N, 1M°oo' w,
(approx.), Cantlon-Malcolm 58-14“.

Jago Lake, Jago River, 69°26' N, 11430147' V, Cantlon-Gillie 57-600,
Cantlon-Malcolm 58-h28, 58—600.

Carex glareosa Wahlenb. var Egghigena Fern.

Wea- Gulm 10-25 cm long. twice
the 1-2.5 mm wide leaves. Lowest bract scale-like, not sheathing,

much shorter than the inflorescence. Spikes Z—h, more or less
contiguous, the terminal W1, obovate, 5 x 3 mm, the

It oral ovate, 5 x 3 mm, gegsilg. Pistillate scale obovate,
shorter than the perigvnium, obtuse, widely hyalin-margined, dark
brown, the midvein area tan. Perimium ovate, 3.5 x 1 mm, smooth-
margined, many-nerved, dull tan, W with a short
(0.3 mm) M beak. Stigmas 2.

 

 

Garex glareosa Wahlenb. var. gyphigena Fern

 

 

 

 

a habit (1/2)-
b pistillate scale (10/1)
c perigynium (10/1)*

l"redrawn from Porsild, 1957, p. 53, fig. 190. and P- “8. fié- 1612-

 

‘

 

 

Carex glareosa lahlenb. far. ggphigena Fern.

 

Coast SW of Barrow no miles (approx.) Porsild (acc. to Porsild).

gm; mocrates Wormskj.

Stoloniferous, the old leaves persisting. Culm 5-20 cm long,
twice the filiform (0.5 mm) leaves. Lowest bract scale-like,

not sheathing, much shorter than the inflorescence. Spike.
single, terminal, ‘ ise a1 0r occasio 1 bise a the ike
then androgmogs), linear staminate) to cylindrical (pistillate),
10 x 3 mm. Pistillate scale ovate, shorter than the perigvnium,
acute, hyalin-margined, brown, with a lighter midvein area.
Perignium elliptic, 3 x 1.5 mm, smooth-margined, mny-nerved,
somewhat shiny dark brown, ow eri iia flexed at matur
with a short (0.5 m) bidentate beak. Stigms 2.

 

 

Qarex mocrates Wormskj.

 

 

 

 

a habit (1/2)*
b pistillate scale (10/1)
0 perigynium (10/1)‘

* redrawn from Porsild, 1957, p. 50, fig. 17d and.:p..h8. fig. 163-

 

 

Care: gzgocrates Wormskj.

 

 

Price River, 69°52' N, 151°50' W, Spetzman (acc. to Spetzman).

 

ms: 99.19.93.292 Drei.

Stoloniferous, with light brown basal sheaths. Oulm 15-25 cm long,
almst twice the 2 mm wide leaves. Lowest bract foliaceous, scabrous,
black-auricled but not sheathing, equal to or shorter than the inflor-

escence. W, the terminal staminate, lanceolate,
nimte, 2, z 1, gm, hiddgn w en he te is t l ,
wer s rt- d s k s. Pistillate scale ovate,

shorter than the perigynium, blunt, dark brown, lacing a prominent
midvein or hyalin margin. Perigyniua obovate, smooth-margined,
nervslees, dull brown above, with g veg: 923 (0,2 m) tmgcate bgg.

Stigma 3.

 

 

 

lostoma Drej,

 

a habit (1/2)
b lower portion of inflorescence (10/1)

 

4

 

Gare: hglostgma DreJ.

I? ,
/’

 

Umiat, 69°22' N, 152°1o' w, Caution et a1 53-282. 0

12 miles N or Olmilak Lake, Ok'pilak River, 69°36' N, 1&3 56' w,
Cantlon-Malcolm 58-253.

Jago Lake, Jago River, 69°26' N. 110°“? W. Cantlon-Gillie 57-98“.
Cantlon-Malcolm 58-555.

 

Carex krapsei Boeck.

Similar to glgcanillaris, but the terminal spikeggynaecandrOys.

 

 

21m kransei Boeck.

a terminal spike (gynaecandrous) (10/1)

 

 

L

 

291% kmsei Boeck.

 

Umiat, 69°22' N, 152°10' W, Spetzman (acc. to Spetzman) 2198, 2663.

Anaktumk Pass, Tuligak Lake, 68°21“ N, 151°25' W, Spetzman (acc. to
Spetzman) 1763.

Itkillik River, lakes, 68°30' N, 150°oo' W, Gudin (acc. t) Spetzman) 8.

Sadlerochit River, Ignek Valley, 69°30' N, 1&5000' W, Spetzman (acc.
to Spetzman) 9’40. . ' '

Lakes Schrader and Peters, 69°22' N, lh5°00' w, Scholander and
Flagg (acc. to Spetzman) 160.

Okpilak Lake, Okpilak River, 59°23' N, 1nu°ou' w, Cantlon-Gillie

57-1580. 57-2270.
Jase Lake, Jago River, 69°26' N, lu3°u7' w, Cantlon-Malcolm 58.109.

 

92.313; Lachenalii Schk.

“mil” ‘° W but the W'
a tin t ed 0

 

 

 

Carex lac henal ii Schk.

 

 

a pistillate scale (lO/l)
b perigynium (10/1)"'

"‘ redrawn from Porsild, 1957. P- ’48. fig. 1610'

 

Carex lachenalii Schk.

 

 

 

 

Kp\

Point Hope, 68°22' N, 166%0' w, Porsild (ace. to Porsild).

Alaktak, Chfpp River, 60°08' N, 155°OO' W, Spetzman (ace. to
Spetzman) 2M5.

Lake Noluk, timer Colville River, 68°u7' N, 160°oo' w, Spetzman
(ace. to Spetzman) 14006.

Nuka River, 68°h7' w, 159°50' W, Spetzman (ace. to Spetzman) ##08.

Umiat, 69°22' N, 152°10' W Scholander (ace. to Spetzman) 103,
Spetzman (acc. to Spetéman) 048 .

Sadlerochit River, Ignek Valley, 69 30' N. luSOOO' ". Spetzman
(ace. to Spetzman) 9%.

Anaktuvuk Pass, Tuliguk Lake, 68°Zh' N, l5l°25' W, Spetzman (acc.
to Swetzman) hu09,

Kanayut Lake, Kanayut River, 68°23' N, 151°00' W Spetzman (acc.
to Spetzman uulo.

IkiakPUk vtilley, Canning River, 69°25' N, 105°30' W, Scholander
and flags (acc. to Spetzman) 198.

Sadlerodhit River, Lake Forks, 69°35' N, lhh°h5' w. Spetzman (acc,
to Spetzman) 1067,

Lakes Sehrader and Peters, 69°22' N, 1h5°00' w. Scholander and
Flfisg (ace. to Spetzman) 156, Spetzman (acc. to Spetzman) 550.

 

Carer laxa‘Vahlenb.

Loosely caespitose, with persistent older, outer leaves. Gulm
20-30 cm long, narrow, about twice the 0.5-1 mm wide leaves.

Lowest bract {oliaeeous, long-sheathing $15-39 mm), ghggter than

the inflorescence. Spikes 2 or 3, remote, the terminal staminate,
linear-lanceolate, 15 x 2 mm, the lateral pistillate, loosely-
floweredggoblong, 12 x 0 mm, droooing on long (ls-no mm) eaoillang
pedrncles. Pistillate scale ovate, equal to the perigynium, acute,
lacking a hyalin margin and prominent midvein, red-brown. Perigy-
ninm ovate, 3 x 1 mm, smooth-margined, dill een granular, slight-
lz stipitate, with.a very short (0.2 mm; truncate beak. Stigmas 3.

 

 

Carex laxa Wahlenb.

 

f

 

 

 

a habit (1/2)
b Distillate scale (IO/l)
e perigynium (lo/l)

 

L

 

Gare: laxa Wahlenb.

 

\\-

 

 

h

6 miles N of Okpilak Lake, Okpilak River, 69°29' N, 1uu°001 w,
Cantlon-Malcolm 58-262.

 

 

Carex lgggens Helm

Cgspitose, the outer, shim; tan leaf bases persisting. Roots
covered with fine white hairs. Culm 15-LLO cm long, 1.5-3 times

the 1-2 mm wide leaves. Lowest bract variable, scale-like to
foliaceous, black-aurieled but not sheathing, shorter than the
inflgrggcence. Spikes 2-0, mgre or legs contigaons, the terminal
staminate, lanceolate to oblanceolate, 12 x ’4 mm, the lateral
pistillate, cylindrical to ovate, 10 x 1» mt}, erect on stout,

l-lO mm long peduncles. Pistillate scale ovate, shorter than the
perimium, acute to obtuse, usually lacking a hyalin margin and
prominent midvein, dull black or brown. Perigvnium M, 2.5

x 1.5 mm, smo‘th-margined, nerveless, dull green below and mottled
with brown above where exposed to the sun, with an M

(0,2 mm) truncate beak.

 

 

 

 

 

Care: 13; gene Helm

 

 

 

 

 

a habit (1/2)
b pistillate scale (lO/l)
c perigynium (1011)

 

 

 

Carex luggns Holm

// 1” ,7

 

Pitmegea River, 68°34' N, l6h°35' W, Cantlon-Gillie 57-177, 57-301.

L of Nigu River, 68 30' N, 156°27' w, Cantlon et a1 53-4707.

10 miles ssw of Umiat, 69°1u' N, 152°27' w, Cantlon et a1 53-u523,
53-4865.

Umiat. 69°22' N, 152010I w, Cantlon et al 53-13, 53-71, 53-11u,
53-1h6, 53-20h, 53-5028, 53-5090, Scholander (ace. to Spetzman)
189. Spetzman (ace. to Spetzman) 1361, 221E.

Confluence of Kogesukrukkand Colville Rivers, 69°h6' N, 151°50' W,
Cantlon et a1 53-h06, 53-h98, 53—091. 53-532, 53-5h3.

Confluence of Itkillik and Colville Rivers, 70 13' N, 150°55' W.
Cantlon et al 53-h71, 53-6h6.

Natavakruak Lake, headwaters of Siksikpuk River.tributary, 68°Zh' N,
151°38' W, Cantlon et a1 53-5153.

Sadlerochit River, Lake Forks, 69°35'IN. 18u045' we Spetzman (ace, t0
Spetzman) 1000a, 1085. o

12 miles N of Okpilak Lake, Okpilak River. 69°36' N. 1&3 56' W.
Cantlon-Malcolm 58-201.

0kpilak Lake, Okuilak River, 69°23' N. 1U4°0“' V. Cant10n-9111198
57-1821. 7-1822, 7-1825, 57-1911, 57-2019, 57-2031, 57-213 ,
57-2139, 27-21uo, 37-2197. Cantlon—Malcolm 58-299. 58-399. 58-301.
58-302, 58-303, 58-3ou, 58-305, 58-35“. 58-369. 58-370. -- ,

58-3969 58-3970 .1
10 miles N of Jago Lake, Jago River, 69°u5' N. 1u3°u2' V. Cantlon-Gil-is

7-17669 -1 81. ’
Ja605Lake, Jag: River. 69°26' N, lh3°h7' W, Cantlon-Gillie 57-624,

57-980. 57-1025, 57-1139, 57-llhh, 57-1298, 57—1003, 57-lhhh, ,

57-1uu7. 57-160 5. '

 

 

Gare: m d 'Urv.

Densely caespitose, with tan basal sheaths. Culm 15-25 cm long,

about twice the 1-2 mm wide leaves. nggst bract gcalg-likg, not
sh a hi i e b a so b awl shorter than the inflorescence.
§pi§g§ 5-2, sgssile, agggegated into an gvoid head 15 x Q mm, g1-

obovate, 7 x 3 mm. Pistillate scale ovate, shorter
than the perigynium, blunt, with a hyalin margin and tan midvein
area. Perigynium lanceolate, 3 x 1 mm, slightly winged, faintly
many-nerved, dull golden brown with a long (0.5 mm) bidentate beak.
Stigmas 2.

 

 

 

Carex maeloviana d'Urv.

 

 

   

 

 

 

a habit (1/2)
b pistillate scale (lO/l)
c perigynium (lO/l)

 

Cgex maeloviana d 'Urv.

 

E of Nigu River, 68°30' N, 156°27' U, Cantlon et a1 53-4705.

Okpilak Lake, 0kpiiak River, 60°23' N, 1H4°olu w, Cantlon-Malcolm
58-379.

Jago Lake, Jago River, 69°26' N, 1a3°u7' w, Cantlon-Gillie 57473“.

 

 

$1.1! gritia Gunn.

nyar h t ck d erec ms.
Oulm 5-10 cm long, 1 mm‘wide, slightly longer than the 0.7 mm wide,
Spreading leaves. Lowest bract scale-like, not sheathing, much
shorter than the inflorescence. Spikes 3-5, sessile, ggggggatgd

intg g dengg, gvgid, 20 x 15 gm head, gndrggzggns, obovate, 5 x h
mm, h w ia e . Pistillate scale ovate, obtuse,

with a pponounced hyalin margin, shiny brown without a prominent
midvein. Perigynium ovate, h x 2 mm, smooth-margined, nerveless,
dull brown above and cream below, digtigetlz stipitgtg, tapering
to a long (0.5 mm) conical, bidentate beak. Stigmas 2.

 

 

gage; maritime. Gunn,

 

 

a habit (112)
b pistillate scale (lO/l)
c perigynium (lo/1)

 

Carex maritinn Gunn.

 

 

Point Hope, 68°22' N, 166°40' W, Porsild (acc. to Porsild).

Lake Noluk, upoer Colville River, 680147' N, 160°00' W, Spet zman
(acc. to Spetzman) #247.

Atkasuk Village, Meade River, 70°29' N, 157°25' W, Cantlon et a1
53'30’43’ 53‘30599 5347680

Barrow. 71°20' N, 156%0' w, Porsild (ace. to Porsild).

Alaktak, Chipp River, 600u8' N, 1550001 N, Spetzman (acc. to Spetz-
man) 2W.

Confluence of Kogosukruk and Colville Rivers, 690(46' N, 151°50' w,
Cantlon et a1 53-355.

Anaktuvuk Pass, Tuliguk Lake, 68°2h' N, 151°25' w, Spetzman (acc.
to Spetzman) 1929.

Kanayut Lake, Xanayut River, 68°23' N, 151°oo' W. Spetzman (acc.

to Spetzman) 1976.
Anderson Point, 70°00' N, 1114030' w, Spetzman (acc. to Spetzman) 12M.

Sadlerochit River, Ignek Valley, 69°30' N, 1145000' W. Spetzman
(ace. tespetzman) 1002.

Care: gmbranacea Hook.

Stolonifems with WNW. Culm 20- to cm
long, 1. b5 mm wide, equal to or longer than the 3-Q.ggw1gg lgvgg,

 

Spikes 3-5, contiguous, the terminal 1 or 2 staminate, lanceolate,
12 x 3 m, (the lower smller), the lateral pistillate, cylindrical,
densely flowered, 25 x 5 mm, erect on short (8 mm) stout peduncles.
Pistillate scale ovate, shorter than the perigynium, blunt, hyalin-
margined, deep brown with a lighter midvein area. W.

W, smooth-margined, nerveless, shiy brgwn t9 almost black,
with a short (0.4 mm) bidentate beak. Stigma 3.

 

Carer membranaeea Hook.

 

 

 

 

a habit (1/2)
b pistillate scale (lo/1)
c perigynium (lo/l)

Care: membranae ea Hook .

 

Lake Noluk. upper Colville River, 68°h7' N, 160°00' W, Spetzman
(acc. to s etzman) 4000, 4277.

Nuke River, 683155' N, 159°20' W, Spetzman (ace. to Spetzman) 3929.

Meade River, 70%: N, 157°20' w, Cantlon et al. 53-4769. .

Barrow, 71°20' N, 156°40' W, (acc. to Porsild).

Alaktak, Chipp River, 60°Q8' N, 15°00! N, Scholander (acc. to
Spetzman) 169, Spetzman (ace. to Spetzman) 21441,

Lake near Maybe Greek, 69°20' N, 151-”20' W Spetzman (acc. to

Spetzman) 2552.
Umiat, 69°22' N, 152°10' W, Cantlon et al. 53-202, Scholander

(acc. to Spetzman) 167, Spetzman (acc. to Spetzman) 1262, 2377.
Confluence of Kogosukruk and Colville Rivers, 69°Q6' N, 151°50' W,
.ca'ntlon at 81' 53'3529 53-3969 53486: 53-(437, 53-5580
Netsvalauak Lake, headwaters of Siksikpuk River tributary, 68°2Lu N,
151°38‘ N, Cantlon etal. 53-5347.
8 Miles E of Itkillik River, 69°50' N, 150°33' W, Cantlon et 81.

53-57115. 0 o
Anaktumk Pass, Tuliguk Lake, 68 2M N, 151 25' W, Spetzman (acc. to

Spetzman) 1603, 1818, 2729. o
Kanayut Lake, Kanayut River, 68°23' N, 151 00' W, Spetzman (ace. to

Spetzman) 1968.
Itkillik River, lakes. 68°30' N. 150°00' W. Gudin (ace. to Spetzman) 9.

Basave-nirktol: River, forks, 69°30' N, ll+8°30' W Spetzman (acc..to
Spetzman) 120.

Canning River, Shublick Springs, 69°28' N, 1b6°121 w, Spetzman
(acc. to Spetzman) 1457.

11:13ka Valley, canning River, 69°25' N, 1u5°3o' w, Scholander
and. Flags (acc. to Spetzman) 170.

Sadlerochit River, Ignek Valley, 69°30' N, lit/5000' W, Spetzman
(acc. to Spetzman) B7h,.lO35.

Sadlerochit River Lake Forks, 69°35' N, lutouy w, Spetzman (ace.
to Spetzman) 1177.

lakes Schrader and Peters, 69°22' N, 145°00' W, Scholander and
Flagg (acc. to Spetzman) 165. 166..Spetzman (acc. to Spetzman) 692.

12 miles N of Okpilak Lake, Okpilak River, 69°36' N, 1143056I w,
Cantlon-Malcolm 58-256.

Okpilak Lake, Okpilak River, 69°23' N, lutoou' w. Cantlon-Gillie
57-2175, 57-2274, Malcolm 17. 55.

Jago Lake, Jago River, 69°26' N, 1u3°u7I w, Cantlon-Gillis 57-720.
57-930. 57-1578. 57—1727. 57-2M8, Cantlon-Malcolm 58-5111».

92px mieroglochin Vahlenb.

StoloniferOus, the leaves sparsely tufted, Culm 5-15 cm long,
twice the 0.5 mm wide, igvglnte leaves. Lowest bract scale-like,
not sheathing, much shorter than the inflorescence. Spike single,
terminal, andromggs, lanceolate, 10 x 5 m, Pistillate scale
ovate, shorter than the perimium, acute to obtuse, narrowly
hyalin-margined, chestnut brown, the midvein lighter. Perimipm

mfllate-lanceglate, 5 g Lam, distinctly reflexed at maturity.
smoth—margined, faintly many-nerved, dull straw color, W

to 3 Egg; 103g (2 mm) tglncate beak. Stigmas 3.

 

Gare: gicggglgchin Vahl enb.

 

 

 

 

 

i

" redrawn from Porsild, 1957, p. 51, fig. 18a, and p. 14-8, fig. 166.

a habit (1/2)e
b pistillate scale (lo/1)
c perigynium (10/1) 'I

Carex microglochin Wahlenb.

 

L\

Umiat, 69°22' N, 152010' N Porsild (acc. to Porsild), Spetzman
(acc. to Spetzman) 26h2.

Sadlerochit River, Lake Forks, 69°35' N, 1u4°u5' w, Spetzman (acc.
to Spetzman) 1063.

Qgrex misandga R.Br.
Densely £32159”, the old, ggter lgaveg pggslsting. Gulm ZO-QO

on long, nodding, slender, 5 times longer than the 1-2 mm wide,
curved leaves. Lowest bract long-sheathing (8 g), tipped by a
seabrous blade much shorter than the inflorescence. Spikes 3 or Q,
remote, the terminal mecandrgas, club-shaped, 6 x Q m, the
lateral pistillate, elliptic to obovate, 12 x 15 mm, 39.412.05.211
lggg (l5:30 mm} capillaiz pedpgcleg. Pistillate scale obovate,
shorter than the perigynium, aCute, narrowly hyalin-nargined, brown
with a prominent midvein. Perigynium lanceolate, 5 x 1 mm, m-
l; scabmg-marglngd, few-nerved, dull tan mottled with brown,

tapgglng 32 a veg long (2 m) bidentate beak. Stims 3.

 

Gag: ampranacgg Hook .

Stolonifoms. with W Calm 20410 on
long, 1. 5 mm wide, equal to or longer than the 3 -Q flaw wide lav :3.

V- 13150 30136-0: to walls, 007- 9:0 h- QI- ;~-'.‘!
Spikes 3-5, contiguous, the terminal 1 or 2 staminate, lanceolate,
12 x 3 In, (the lower smller). the lateral pistillate, cylindrical,
densely flowered, 25 x 5 an, erect on short (8 mm) stout peduncles.
Pistillate scale ovate, shorter than the perigynium, blunt, hyalin-
margined, deep brown with a lighter midvein area. W.

. smooth-margin“. marvels-9. WM.
with a short (0.1+ mm) bidentate beak. Stigmas 3.

 

Carer membranacea Hook.

 

 

 

a habit (1/2)
b pistillate scale (IO/1)
c perigynium (lO/l)

Care: membranaeoa Hook.

 

Lake Noluk, upper Colville River, 68°47' N, 160°OO' W, Spetzman
(acc. to s, otzman) uooo, u277.

Nuka River, 683(45' N, 159°20' w, Spetzman (acc. to Spetzman) 3929.

Meade River, 70°h0' N, 157°20' W, Cantlon et al. 53-14769. .

Barrow. 71°20' N. 156%0' w, (acc. to Porsild).

Alaktak, Chipp River, 60°h8' N, 155°00' W, Scholander (ace. to
Spetzman) 169, Spetzman (ace. to Spetzman) Zhhl.

Lake near Maybe Greek, 69°20' N, 15bz°20' W Spetzman (acc. to

Spetzman) 2552.
Umiat, 69°22' N, 152°1o' w, Cantlon et al. 53-202, Scholander

(ace. to Spetzman) 167. Spetzman (acc. to Spetzman) 1262, 2377.
Confluence of Kagosukruk and Colville Rivers, 69°b6' N. 151°50' W.
[Cantlon at al. 53-352, 53-396, 53486, 53-187. 53-558. 0
Natavakmak Lake, headwaters of Siksikpuk River tributary, 68 2"" N,
151°38' I, Cantlon etal. 53-53%.
8 miles E of Itkillik River, 69°50' N. 150°33' W. Cantlon 0t 81-

53-57%.
Anaktuvuk Pass, Tuliguk Lake, 68°21“ N, 151°25' w, Spetzman (acc. to

Spetzman) 1603, 1818, 2729. o
1(th Lake, Kanayut River, 68°23' N, 151 00' W, Spetzman (acc. to

Spetzman) 1968.
Itkillik River, lakes, 68°30' N, 150°00' W, Gudin (acc. to Spetzman) 9.

Sagavanirktot River, forks, 69°30' N, 1b8°30' W Spetzman (acc..to
Spetzman) 120.

Canning River, Shublick Springs, 69°28' N, 1u6°12' w, Spetzman
(acc. to Spetzman) 1457.

Ikiakrpuk Valley, Canning River, 69°25' N, 1&5030' W, Scholander
and Flagg (acc. to Spetzman) 170.

Sadlerochit River, Ignek Valley, 69°30' N, 1&5000' W, Spetzman
(ace. to Spetzman) 8714,1035.

Sadlerochit River Lake Forks, 69°35' N, muons. W, Spetzman (acc.
to SUBtzman) 11770

Lake: Schrader and Peters, 69°22' N, lusooo' w, Scholander and
Flag; (acc. to Spetzman) 165, 166,.Spetzman (acc. to Spetzman) 692.

12 miles N of Okpilak Lake, Okpilak River, 69°36' N, lu3056' w,
Cantlon-Malcolm 58-256.

Okpilak Lake, Okpilak River, 69°23' N, luboou' w. Cantlon-Gulls
57.2175, 517—2274, Malcolm 17. 55.

Jago Lake, Jago River, 69°26' N, lu3°u7I w, Cantlon-Gillie 57-720,
57—930, 57-1578. 57—1727. 57—2ML8, Cantlon-Malcolm 58-5141}.

Qgex geroglochin 'ahlenb.

Stoloniferoxn, the leaves sparsely tufted, Culm 5-15 cm long,
twice the 0. 5 mm wide, involntg leaves. Lowest bract scale-like,
not sheathing, much shorter than the inflorescence. Spike single,
terminal, androggggs, lanceolate, 10 x 5 m, Pistillate scale
ovate, shorter than the perigynium, acute to obtuse, narrowly
hyalin-margined, chestnut brown, the midvein lighter. 132W

“Elam-lanceolate, 5 ; Lam, distinctlz reflexed at matgaritz,
smooth-margined, faintly many-nerved, dull straw color, W

to a veg 1955 (2 mm) tgmcate beak. Stigmas 3.

 

- An...“-

Cage: nicggglochin Vahlenb.

 

 

 

 

 

a habit (1/2) *
b pistillate scale (lo/1)
c perignium (lO/l) 1'

' redrawn from Porsild, 1957. p. 51. figz 18a. and p. #8. fig. 166.

Carex microglochin Wahlenb.

 

 

g

Umiat, 69°22' N, 152010I w Porsild (acc. to Porsild), Spetzman
(acc. to Spetzman) 26h2.

Sadlerochit River, Lake Forks, 69°35' N, lhhohfi' W. Spetzman (acc.
to Spetzman) 1063.

 

99:92. W RoBr.
Dermal! gasping, the old, ggter leave! pgzsigting. Culm 2040

OI long, nodding, slender, 5 times longer than the 1-2 m wide,
curved leaves. Lowest bract longsheathing (8 g), tipped by a
scabrous blade much shorter than the inflorescence. Spikes 3 or a,
remote, the terminal fleeandrgys, club-shaped, 6 x 1+ an, the
lateral pistillate, elliptic to obovate, 12 x 15 mm, W
1.23; @5520 mm} capillagz peduncleg. Pistillate scale obovate,
shorter than the perigyniun, acute, narrowly hyalin-margined, brown
with a prominent midvein. Perignium lanceolate, 5 x l m, m-
W, few-nerved, dull tan mottled with brown,

tapering to a veg long (2 m2 bidentate beak. Stignas 3.

 

 

Oarex misandra R. Br.

 

 

 

   

 

 

a habit (1/2)
b pistillate scale (lo/l)
c perignium (lO/l)

 

 

.C_ar_ez ____misa_nd.ra H.131».

 

Lake Noluk, upper Colville River, 68°h7' N, 160°00' W, Spetzman
(acc. to Spetzman) 3228, noon.

Barrow, 71°20' N, 156°h0' W, Scholander (ace. to Spetzman) 596.

Alaktak, Chinp River, 60°h8' N, 155°00' W, Spetzman (acc. to
Spetzman) Zhuj.

Uhiat. 69°22' N, 152°10' W, Scholander (acc. to Spetzman) 182,
Spetzman (acc. to Spetzmai) hull.

Confluence of Itkillik and Colville Rivers, 70°13' N, 150°55' W,
Cantlon et a1 53-628, 53-676.

Anaktuvuk Pass, Tuliguk Lake, 68°2A' N, 151025' N, Spetzman (acc. to
Spetzman) 1799, 1819, 1892.

Kanayut Lake, Kanayut River, 68°23' N, 151°OO' W, Spetzman (acc. to
Spetzman) 1972.

Canning'River, forks, 69°13' N, lh5°5h' w, McGregor (acc. to Spetzm-
man) 1 .

Sunset Pasg, 69°b0' N, 11:14045' w, Spetzman (acc. to Spetzman) 1153.

Sadlerochit River, Ignek Valley, 69°30' N, 195°00' W. Spetzman (acc.
to Spetzman) 958. 973.

Sadlerochit River, Lake Forks, 69°35' N} Inhohs' V. Spetzman (3°C-

to Spetzman) 1058.

Lakes Schrader and Peters, 69°22' N. IHSOOO' V. Scholander and Flagg
(acc. to Spetzman) 176. o '

12 miles N of Okpilak Lake, Okpilak River. 69°36' N. 1&3 56 W.
Cantlon-Malcolm 58-2h5, 58—257.

Okpilak Lake, okpitak River, 69°23' N, 1m°otu w, Malcolm 9.

Jafio Lake, Jago River, 69°26' N, 193°“7' w. Cantlon-Gillie 57’801v
57-920, 57-952, 57-1135, 57-1u5u, 57-1523, Cantlon-Malcolm 58-516.

Barter Island, 70010 N, 1u3ou0u w, Spetzman (acc. to Spetzman) 1223.

Gare: m Fr.

   

    

    

  

L- -. ._ as -.._ - :9 ‘3”J-JLCL
W. Gulm lO- 0 on long, about equal to the (111193;; leaves.
Lowest bract scale-like, not sheathing, mch shorter than the inflor-
escence. Spike single, terminal, androgynous, ovate, 9 x 5 m.
Putin-M scale ovate. WWW blunt.
narrowly hnlin—aargined, dark brown with a broad pale midvein area.
Perigyniun elliptic, h x 1.15 an, get; netlz scabrggs-nargngd, m1-
m1. dull tan WW- Stieme 2.

     

   

 

 

Care: nardina.Fr.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

a habit (1/2)
b pistillate scale (lo/1)
c perigynium (lo/l)

 

Carex nardina Fr.

W

 

‘1“kt3. Chipp River, 60°h8‘ N, 155°00' I, Spetzman (acc. to
Spetzman) ##13.

Headwaters of Fish Creek, 69°55' N, 152°50' W, Cantlon et a1
53-9732.

10 miles SSW of Umiat, 69°1h' N, 152°27' W, Cantlon et a1 53-h5h8.

Anaktuvuk Pass, Tuliguk Lake, 68°21“ N, 151°25' w, Spetzman (ace.
to Spetzman) 1872b.

Kanayut Lake, Kanayut River, 68°23' N, 151°00' W, Spetzman( ace. to
Spetzman) hulk.

Sadlerochit River, Ignek Valley, 69°30' N, 1146000' W, Spetzman (acc.
to Spetzman) 957.

Lakes Schnader and Peters, 69°22' N, 1u5°oo' W, Spetzman (acc. to
Spetzman) 620.

Okpilak Lake, Okpilak River, 69°23' N. 1M°0M W. Cantlon-611118
57-1890, Cantlon-Malcolm 58-60.

Dark Creek, Opkilak River 6 miles s of Okpilak Lake, 69°18' N.
lthOO' W, Cantlon-Malcolm 58-lb0, 58-lh2.

Jago Lake, Jago River, 69°26' N, 1u3°u7' w, Cantlon-Gillie 57-802,

57-723.

Carex obtnsata Liljebl .

Similar to G, upegtgis, but fifiglggiflgrg‘ns. the lower portion 9:

the 931! ggzow and with magpie sheaths, the leaves 0.5-1 mm wide,
and WW.

 

 

9gp; gbtnsata Liljebl .

 

 

 

 

 

a habit (1 /2)
b inflorescence (lO/l)

Care: obtnsata Liljebl.

Ir ”9 '
i l

 

“a

Lake Noluk, upper Colville River, 68ph7' N, 160°00' W, Spetzman
(acc. to S etaman) 3669.

Nuka River, 68 45' N, 159°50' W, Spetzman (ace. to Spetzman)
36’43 . 4058.

3 miles E of Kurupa River, 68°28' N, 154°50' w. Cantlon 9t 31 53-h539-

Uniat, 69°22' N, 152°1o' w, Cantlon et al 53-85, Scholander (acc.
to Spetzman) 15h, Spetzman (ace. to Spetzman) 1358, 2185, 2399,
2

Anaktuvuk Pass, Tuliguk Lake, 6892h' N, 151°25' W, Spetzman (acc. to
Spetzman) 1680.

Sadlerochit River, Lake Forks, 69°35' N, lhhoh5' W, Spetzman (acc. to
Spetzman) th7.

Lakes Schrader and Peters, 69°22' N, 1&5000' W, Spetzman (acc. to
Spetzman) 1252.

Okpi’ak Lake, Okpilak River, 69°23' N, 1hh°0b' V, Cantlon-Malcolm
58-118, 58-178, 58-353, Malcolm 2, u, 32. 34. 37. 51-

10 miles N of Jago Lake, Jago River, 69°h5' N, 1h3°h2' w, Cantlon-
Glllls 57-1750.

 

9:13.! pgggeosa Dewey

Loosely caespitose, with stout stolons, the old, outer leaf bases
persisting. Oulm 25.50 en long, twice the 1-2 mm wide leaves.
Lowest bract foliaceous, W, shorter than the
inflorescence. : - .1
lanceolate, 10 x 3 m. the lateral pistillate, oblong, 15 x 5 sin,
.50 m a i1 6. else. Pistilla e scale
obovate, shorter than the perigynium, acute, distinctly hyalin-
nrgined, red-brown with a lighter midvein area. Perigynium lanceo-
late, 5 x 1 an, scabrous-nargined, nny-nerved, dull red-brown, with

a 3297‘! (0.1+ m2 bidentate beak. Stims 3.

 

 

 

Mammm‘v.

~\

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

habit (1/2)
pistillate scale (lO/l)

perigynium (IO/l)
lowest bract of inflorescence (lO/l)

 

Care: pet ricog Dew.

" %

 

0kpilak Lake, Okpilak River, 69°23' N, 1144001“ w. Cantlon-Malcolm
58-502. 58-503.

E1125 pigeocazpa Presl-

Coarse, with a stout rootstock. Culm 20-60 cm long, about equal
to the 3-5 mm wide leaves. Spikes 3 or 1+, remote, the terminal

1 or 2 staminate, linear, 20 g 1+ m, the lateral pistillate,
cylindrical, 20 x 7 mm, the upper erect and the lower drooping

on long (10-30 mm) capillary peduncles. Pistillate scale lanceo-
late, mch nazrgwer Ed ghofigz tag the pgriminm, acute, hyalin-
tipped, somewhat. shiny, dark brown, with a conspicuous narrow mid-
vein. .Perignium lanceolate, 5 x 2 mm, smooth-margined, faintly
many-nerved, shiny brown above and cream below, with a short (0.5
mm) bidentate beak. Stigmas 2.

 

 

2922 291mm Presl.

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

a habit (1/2)
b pistillate scales and perigynia
(lo/1)

 

Carex.pgtsocagpa Presl.

 

Lake Noluk, upper Colville River, 68°h7' N, 160°00' V, Spetzman
(acc. to Spetzman) 3921.

Nnka.River, 68°h5' N, 159°50' V, Spetzman (acc. to Spetzman) “059.

Howard Pass, Etivluk River, 68°15' N, 156°50' W, Spetzman (acc. to
Spetzman) 2311.

3 miles E of Kurupa River, 68°h0' N, 155°10' V, Cantlon et a1
53-h6hl, 53-h6h2.

Umiat, 69°22' N, 152°10' w, Cantlon et a1 53-132 53-519u, 53-5255.

Confluence of Kagosrkruk and Colville Rivers, 69 “6' N, 151°50' W,
Cantlon et a1 53-3u8, 53-376, 53-377. 0

Confluence of Itkillik and Colville Rivers, 70 13' N. 150°55' W.
Cantlon et al 53-h75, 53-587. 57—591. 0

Anaktuvuk Pass, Tuligmk Lake, 68°2u' N. 151 25' W. Spetzman (ace-
to Spetzman) 1919.

Kanayut Lake, Kanayut River, 68°23' N, 151°00' W, Spetzman (acc.
to Spetzman) 1973-

Canning River, Shublick Springs, 69°29' N. 145°12' w Spetzman (ace.

to Spetzman) 455. ‘
Sadlerochit River, Ignek Valley, 69°30' N. 195°03' W, Spetzman (acc.
to Spetzman) 876.
Sadlerochit River, Lake Forks, 69°35' N, lhb°h5' W, Spetzman (acc.

to Spetzman) 1038.
Lakes Schrader and Pete”8. 69°22' N. 195°00' w~ Scholander and

Flag (acc. to Spetzman) 178. ‘1
Okpilak Lake, Okollak River, 69°23' N, luuoou' w, Cant1on-Gl--1s
57-195h, Cantlon—Malcolm 58-166, 58-398, 58-513, 58-526, 53-588,

Malcolm 8.
Jago LAke, Jago River, 69°25! N, 143°h7' W, Cantlon—Gillie 57-1609.

57-1729.

I
l
l
l

Care; gariggra (Wahlenb.) Smith

Stoloniferous, with magpie basal sheaths and persisting old leaves.
Oulm 10-20 cm long, twice the 0.8-1.5 mm wide leaves. W
aw -s ed 1 n a ricled m me she h e c

mch shorter than the inflorescence. Spikes 2 or 3, remote, the
terminal staminate, oblanceolate, 10 x 3 mm, the lateral pistillate,
abouts. 9 x 5 min. W-
“9.1.”.- Pistillate scale ovate, equal to or shorter than the peri-
gynium, acute, dark brown, not hyalin-margined, with a prominent,
lighter midvein. Perignium ovate, W, h 11.5 mm,
smooth-margined, faintly many-nerved, dull green, with a very short
(0.1 mm) black bidentate beak. Stigmas 3.

 

 

Carex rariflora (Wahlenb.) Smith

   

 

a habit (1/2)
b pistillate scale (lO/l)
c perigynium (10/1)

 

Care: rariflora (Wahlenb.) Smith

 

Pitmegea River, 6805!.“ N, 16h°35' W, Cantlon-Gillie 57-166.

Lake Noluk, upper Colville River, 68°u7' N, 160°oo' w, Spetzman
(acc. to Spetzman) h366a, ($305.

Colville River, 6805!.” N, 155°00' W, Spetzman (acc. to Spetzman) 2207,

Alaktak. Chipp River, 600148' N, 155°00' W, Spetzman (ace. to Spetz-
man) M16. ' .

Umiat, 69°22' N, 152°10' W, Cantlon et a1 53-130, 53-23h, Scholander
(acc. to Spetzman) 1140, 1’42, 1141+, Spetzman (acc. to Spetzman)

1357, 2215. o ,
Confluence of Kogosukruk and Colville Rivers, 69 “6' N, 151 50' V.

Cantlon et al 53-370, 53-1420.

Natvakruak Lake, headwaters of tributary of Siksikpuk River, 68°2h' N,
151°38' N, Cantlon et a1 53-5155.

Confluence of Itkillik and Colville Rivers, 70°13' N, 150°55' W,
Cantlon et a1 53-581.

A118|~14d'«ulr'ulc Pass, Tuliguk Lake, 68°24| N, 151°25' W, Spetzman (acc.
to Spetzman) 1923. o

Ka-nay'ut Lake, Kanayut River, 68°23' N, 151 00' w, Spetzman (acc.
to S t m 1 ha.

Ikiakpuk L1e$)0a21:ing River, 69°25' N, 1145030' W, Scholander and
Fla acc. to S etzman) 139.

Sadlerocgft(River, Igzek valley, 69°30' N, 195°00' W. Spetzman (ace.

to Spetzman) 10h2.
Lakes Schrader and Peters, 69°22' N, 1b5°00' w, Scholander and Flagg

(acc. to Spetzman) 1145, Spetzman (acc. to Spetzman) 800.

12 miles N of Okpilak Lake, Okpilak River, 69°36‘ N, 1&3056' W,
Cantlon-Malcolm 58-2514.

Okpilak Lego, Okpilak River, 69°23' N, 1218008! w, Cantlon-Gillie
57-226 . , L - , , _

Jagu Lake, Jago River, 69°26‘ N, 114301;? W, Cantlon-Gillie 57—612b,
57-613. 57-981. 57-1195. 57-1403. 57-190“. 57-1‘451-

 

Gare; gotmdata Wahl enb.

Similar to W, but the luest page: reflggtgd, (and
MW:-

-.

 

Eases mam Vahlenb.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

a habit (1/2)
b pistillate scale (lo/l)
c perigynium (lO/l)

 

9am rotygdata Wahlenb.

 

 

‘~\

Lake Noluk, upper Colville River, 68°97' N. 160°00' W. 5136152133“
(acc. to Spetzman) 112%.

Peard 383'. 70 “8' N 158°30' W, Irving (acc. to Spetzman) 192.

E of Nigu River, 686301 N, 1 6°27H w, Cantlon et a1. 53-8672.

Headwaters of Fish Creek, 69 55' N, 152°50' W, Cantlon et al. 534716.

Umiat, 69°22' N, 152°10' W, Cantlon et a1. 53-13b, Scholander (acc. to
Spetzman) 181, 168, Spetzman (sec. to Spetzman) 1306, 2217, 2658.

10 miles ssw of Umiat, 69°18' N, 152027! N Cantlon et al. 5344565.

Confluence of Kogosukruk and Colville River, 69°46' N. 151°50' W.
Cantlon et al. 53-359, 53-887, 53-528.

Confluence of Itkillik and Colville Rivers, 70°13' N, 150°55' W.
Cantlon et al. 53-586, 53-628.

8 miles N of Itkillik River, 69° 0' N, 150°33' V. Cantlon 6* 81- 53-8748-

Anaktuvuk Pass, Tuliguk Lake, 68 28' 1;. 151°25' W. Spetm (806- to
Spetzman) M17.

K111381111: River, forks, 69%3' N, 159°30' W, Cantlon et al. 534813.

Shaviovik River. White Hills, 69°83‘ N, 197°10' 11. Spetzmn (506- to
Spethan) 198.

12 miles N of Okpilak Lake. Okpilak River. 69°36' N. 1h3°55' W.
Cantlon-Malcolm 584139.

Okpizsk Laks, 01.101131. River, 69°23' N, lau°otu w, Cantlon-Malcolm
58-510, Malcolm 11.

Jago Lake, Jago River, 69026! N, 11430117' W, Cantlon-Gillie 57-962s'
57‘1138s 57-1%.

C_a_rex mpestris All .

Stoleniferous, the Culms often curved and clothed basally with
shiny tan or brown persisting leaves. Culm 8—15 cm long, 1.5
times the 1-2 m wide, gggrvgd leaves. Lowest bract scale-like,
tipped by a scabrous aw]. (up to 10 mm long), not sheathing,

much shorter than to about equal to.the inflorescence. Spike
single, terminal, androgynous, oblanceolate, 12 x 3 mm. Pistillate
scale obovate, longgr than the periminm, obtuse, broadly hyalin-
margined, somewhat shiny brown, the midvein area lighter and the
midvein usually distinct. Perigynium oblanceolate, slightly stipi-
tate, 3 x 1.5 mm, faintly scabrous-marginedL mneweg, dull tan
or brown, the beak short (0.3 m5 and tgmcate. Stigmas 3.

 

Egg metrig 111.

 

O

p ‘x I j //
NV .2

a habit (1/2)
b pistillate scale (lo/l)
c perignium (lO/l)

Carex gipest ris All.

Lake Noluk, upper Colville River, 68°h7' N, 160°00' W, Spetzman
(acc. to Spetzman) 4325.

Atkasuk Village, Meade River, 70°29' N, 157°25' w, Cantlon et a1
53-“815-

Kurupa River, 68°h0' N, 155°10' W, Cantlon et al 5341617.

10 miles SSW of Umiat, 69°1h' N, 152°27' N, Cantlon et al 5344505.

Ulniat, 69°22' N, 152°10' W, Spetzman (acc. to Spetzman) 1253, 2693.

Anaktuvuk Pass, Tuliguk Lake, 68°29' N. 151°25' W. Spetzman (acc.
to Spetzman) 1681, 1782.

Kanayut Lake, Kanayut River,

to Spetzman) 1975.
Sunset Pass, 69°80' N, 1880851 w, Spetzman (acc. to Spetzman) 111m.

0
Sadlerochit River, Ignek Valley, 69°30' N. 1&5 00' W. Spetzman

(ace. to Spetzman) 97a, 1085. o _
Lakes Schrader and Peters, 69°22' N. 1&5 00' W, Scholander and Flagg

(acc. to S etzman) 153, Spetzman (acc. to Spetzman) 621, 735.
0k‘Pilak Lake, gkpilak River, 69°23' N, 1149001.“ W, Cantlon-Gillis
7-292 .
JagOSI-ake,5Jago River, 69°26' N, 183°u7' w, Cantlon—Gillie 57-628,.
57-1270. '

68°23' N, 1510001 N, Spetzman (acc.

 

Carex scirnoidea Michx.

 

Loosely tufted, the rootstock horizontal, stout, and pnrnlg-
Igalgg, Culm 5-30 cm long, 1-3 times the 1-3 mm wide leaves.
Lewes+ bract absent or scale-like, ti ped by a scabrous awl,

not sheathing, much shorter than the inflorescence. Spike
single, terminal, unisexual (plant dioecions), the staminate
oblanceolate, 12 x h mm, the pistillate linear to cylindrical,
15-25 x 2-h mm. 9istillate scale lanceolate, shorter than

the perigynium, acute, hairy, black or dark brown, the midvein
indistinct and slightly lighter. Pbrigynium ovate, 2.5 x 1.5 mm,

dgpselz cgzezgg with white hggzg, nerveless, dull brown, the

beak long (0.7 mm), glabrous, and truncate. Stigmas 3.

 

 

Gare; soiggo idea Michx.

 

 

 

 

a habit (staminate) (1/2)
b pistillate scale (10/1)
6 perigyninn (10/1)

 

Care: gcigpoidea Hichx,

 

 

/L '

 

f

V\

Pitmegea Bi'ver, 68°5h' N, 164°35' V, Cantlon-Gillie 57—50h, 57-275.

Lake Noluk, upper Colville River, 68°h7' N, 160°00' W, Spetzman
(acc. to Spetzman) 3701, 3902, 3985, 14321.

Nuke River, 68°h5' N, 159°50' W, Spetzman (acc. to Spetzman) 3627.

Atkasuk villagje, Meade River, 70°29' N, 157025l w, Cantlon et a1
53-“759.

Barrow 71°20' N, 1 6%0' w, Porsild (acc. to Porsild).

E of Nigu River, 68 30' N, 156°27' W. Cantlon 8t 81 53-“590-

Alaktak, Chipp River, 60%;“ N, 155°oo' w, Scholander (acc. to
Spetzman) 155, Spetzman (acc. to Spetzman) 2H39.

Headwaters of Fish Greek, 69°55' N, 152°50' W, Can‘lon et a1 53-h729.

10 miles SSW of Umiat, 69°1h' N, 152°27' W. Cantlon Pt 31 53-“513.
53-“553- A

Umiat, 69°22' N, 152°10' W, Cantlon et a1 53-1f0, 53-118, 53-178.
Scholander (acc. to Spetzman) 1&7, Spetzman (acc. to Spetzman
1255, 2328. o '

Confluence of Kagosukruk and Colville Rivers. 69°“6' N. 151 50 W.
Cantlon et al 53-351, 53403. 53-539. 53-3g8. SB-WI-o ,

Confluence of Itkillik and Colville Rivers, 70 13' N. 150 55 W.
Cantlon et a1 53.470, 53-630, 53-649. 53-670.

8 miles 1:! of Itkillilc River, 69°50' N. 150033 W. Cantlon 8'3 31

 

53’n7u'7e O O ' . (8,0,, to
Anaktuvuk Pass, Tuliguk Lake, 68 24' N, 151 25 W, Spetzman e.
Spetzman) 1602, 16147.
Kanayut Lake, Kanayut River, 68°23' N, 151°00' W, Spetzman (acc. to

Spetzman) 1966.
Canning River, forks, 69

°13' N, 116051” N, McGregor (acc. to Spetzman)
1?, Spetzman (acc. to Spetzman) .

 

Ikiakpuk valley, Canning River, 69°25' N, 1&5030' W, Scholander and
Flagg (acc, to Spetzman) 1&9,

Sunset Pass, 69°40' N, 1&4045' W, Spetnman (acc. to Spetzman) llSh.

Sadlerochit River, Ignek Valley, 69°30 N, 145°OO' W, Spetzman (acc.
to Spetzman) 828, 1009.

Lake: Schrader and Peters, 69°22' N, 1u5°oo' w, Scholander and Flagg
(acc. to Spetzman) 146, Spetzman (acc. to Spetzman) 529.

0kpilak Lake, Okpilak River, 69°23' N, 1M°ow w, Cantlon-Guns
57-2011, Cantlon-Malcolm 58-117, 58-120, 58-500, 58-501. 58-505.
58—506, 58-51u, 58-528b, 58—518, 58-519.

Jago Lake, Jago River, 69°26' N, 1u3°u7' w, Cantlon-Gillie 57-802,
57-980. 57-10368. 57-1036b. 57-1295. 57-1402. 57-1u06. 57-1407.
57-1537, 57—1728, Cantlon-Malcolm 58-55“.

 

Carex mbsggthacea Wo rmskJ .

T tolonif o 8 char littor s ecies. Culm 7 cm long,
0.75 times the length of the spreading, reddish 0.7 mm wide leaves.
Lowest bract foliaceous, not sheathing, slightly 'shorter than the
inflorescence. Spikes 2 or 3, remote, the terminal staminate,
oblanceolate, 10 x 3 mm. the lateral pistillate, cylindrical, '

5 x 2 mm, W, erect on short (3 mm) peduncles. Pistillate
scale obovate, longer than the periming, acute, lacking a hyalin
mrgin, black or brown, the midvein area green, the midvein distinct.
Perigynium oblanceolate, 2 x 0.8 mm, smnoth-margined, nerveless,
dull brown or olive, the beak short (0.3 um) and distinctly bi-
dentate. Stigmas 2.

 

 

£812.03 Mileage Vomska.

 
 

/
‘ ,1 I/

a habit (1/2)
b pistillate scale (10/1)
c perignium (lO/l)

    

EC» \\\\“i;/
\i/ V

    

Care: gbgpgthacea We mskj .

"I
/

 

 

 

?
a

Pitmegea River, 68°5u' N, 16u°35' w, Cantlon-Gillie 57-156.
Barrow, 71°20' N, 156°40' W, Scholander (acc. to Spetzman) 598.

Spetzman (acc. to Spetzman) Zhle.
Barter Island, 70°10' N, 1u3°uo' w, Porsild (acc. to Porsild).

Care: engine Nahlenb. esp. epggiocagpa (Steud.) Hult.

Tufted, with slender, shigv brown stolgns. Culm 5-12 cm long,

1.5 times the filifgm, 0.5 mm wide leaves. Lowest bract
scale-like, tipped by a scabrous awl, mt geammg, shorter

than the inflorescence. Spikes 2 or 3, somewhat remote, the
terminal staminate, lanceolate, 5 x 1.5 mm, the lateral pistillate,
globose, 1+ x 14 mm, flew-flowered and the ngzimumm
W112. Pistillate scale ovate, equal to the perigynium,
acute, the margin broadly hyalin, chestnut brown, the midvein
lighter and prominent. Perigynium lanceola‘e, 3 x 1 mm, smooth-

margined, nerveless, shiny brm 9;: olive, the bait long (0.7 mm)

and bidentate. Stigmas 3.

 

 

 

Qarex EPA-£2 Vahlenb. esp. amniocam (Steud.) Hult.

   

a habit (1/2)
b pistillate scale (lO/l)

c perigyniz-m (10/1)

 

Carex smina Wahlenb. ssp. spaniocaga (Steud.) Hult.

 

 

Umiat. 69°22' N, 152°1o' w, Spetzman (acc. to Spetzman) 23u5.
Okzonak Lake, Okpilak River, 69°23' N, inflow w, Malcolm 3.

Care: tenniflora Wahlenb.

Similar to 0, amblzerhyncha, but the legggg narrow (0.5—1 mm), the

We. the W. and the
W.

 

 

9.9.25 ism Vahlonb.

 
 

 

a habit (1/2)
b pistillate scale (10/1)

c perigynium (10/1)

 

 

 

 

Care: tenpiflora wahlenb.

 

/

 

a

Umiat, 69°22' N, 152°10' W, Spetzman (acc. to Spetzman),
Gantlon et a1 53-53hh. o

12 miles N of Chile): Lake, Okpilak River, 69°36' N, 1&3 56' w,
Cantlon-Malcolm 58-2h9.

Okpilak Lake, Okpilak River, 6
58-““9, Malcolm 12.

0023' N, lthOh' W, Cantlon-Malcolm

“I. 1.: {1| ‘l I

 

Care: nrsina Dew .

A dwarf, littgzfl species, ge use 11 gagsnitgge. Culm 3-6 cm long,
gilggme 651, any: mna 1 to th e 1 mm wide leaveg. Lowest bract

scale-like, not sheathing, much shorter than the inflorescence.
Spike single, terminal, maecandrms, globosg, 6 x 1+ mm, P18-
tillate scale obovate, shorter than the perigynium, obtuse,
hyalin-margined, dark brown, the midvein area lighter. Perigynium
ovate, 2 x 1 mm, smooth-margined, faintly many-nerved, dull tan,
with a very short (0.2 mm) truncate beak. Stignas 2.

 

 

”.0”!!! amiss Davey

   

a habit (1/2)‘
b pistillate scale (10/1)

c perigyniumflO/l)"l

fi.l6.
’ redrawn from Porsild, 1957. p. 51, fig. 180, and p. “8, g 7

Carer “yrsina Dewey

 

 

R

Barrow, 71°20' N, 156°b0' V, Porsild (acc. to Porsild), Scholander
(acc. to Scholander) 599.

Cgeg Eginata Tanisch

Stoloni‘ferous, the brown, older leaves persisting. Culm 15-25

cm long, 2:1: times the 2-3 m fldg leaves. Lowest bract foliac-
eous, on -sh thin . 8-12 mm), shorter than the inflorescence.

Spikes 2 or 3, remote, the terminal staminate, lanceolate,

10 x h m, the lateral pistillate, ovate to cylindrical, 8 x ‘4 mm,

s t e e . Pistillate scale ovate,

equal to the perigynium, acute, the midvein area tan. Perigvnivm

ovate, 2 x l m, smooth-margined, several-nerved, dull tan, the
beak short (0.3 mm) and distinctly bidentate. Stigmas 3.

 

 

 

 

h—Hu 4‘

9222.1. v nata Tausch

 
 

a habit (1/2)
b pistillate scale (10/1)
c perigynium (10/1)

 

 

 

9.92% _£1__V3 natg Tausch

 

Lake Ncluk, upper Colville River, 68°h7' N, 160°OO' W, Spetzman
(acc. to Spetzman) h029b, usuu.

10 miles ssw of Umiat, 6901M N, 152°27' w, Cantlon et al 534532.

Umiat, 69°22' N, 152010' W, Cantlon et al 53-120, 53-236, 53-283,
Scholander (acc. to Spetzman) 188, Spetzman (acc. to Spetzman)

2641 .
Confluence of Kogosukruk and Volville Rivers, 69°b6' N, 151°50' w,

Cantlon et al 53-5h0.
Confluence of Itkillik and Colville Rivers, 70°13' N. 150°55' V.

Cantlon et a1 53-67h.
Anaktuvuk Pass, Tuliguk Lake, 68°2u' N, 151°25' w, Spetzman (acc.
to Spetzman) ##18.
Kanayut Lake, leanayut River, 6
to Spetzman) l97hb. o
12 miles N of Okpilak Lake, Okpilak River, 69°36' N. 1MB 56' V.
Cantlon-Malcolm 58—250.
Okpiiak Lake, Oknilak River, 69°23' N.

Jago Lake,tJago River, 69°26' N, lb3°u7' w. Cantlon-Gillie 57-935.

57-1137. 57—11143. 57-1h01. 57-11405. 57-1’408. 57-1409. 57-1’439.
57-1521.

8°23' N, 151°oo' w, Spetzman (ace.

inflow w, Cant ion-Maleoim

Carex will iamsii Britt .

Similar to C ca illaris, but the leaves filiform, and the my;
incl.

 

 

 

Carer williamsii Britt.

   

a habit (1/2)
b pistillate scale and
perigynium (10/1)

 

 

Carex williamsii Britt.

 

 

“Mat. 69°22' N, 152°1o' w, Cantlon et al 5348», 53-2693, 53-5316,
Szholander (acc. to Spetzman) 162, Spetzman (acc. to Spetzman
2 32.

15 miles S of the Colville River delta, 70°13' N, 150°55' W,
Cantlon et al 53-579.

12 miles N of Okpiiak Lake, Oknilak River, 69°36' N, 1u3°56' w,
Cantlon-Malcolm 58-2142, 58—252. 584439-

Okpilak Lake, Okpilak River, 69°23' N, lhh°0h' W, Cantlon-Malcolm
58.156, 58.2050

Jago Lake, Jago River, 69°26‘ N, l

57-1u1o, 57-2mm. o .
Dark Creek, Okpilak River, 5 miles s of Okpilak Lake. 69 18' N.

lhh°00' w, Cantlon-Malcolm 58-13b.

u3°u7' w, Cantlon-Gillie .57-1136.

 

 

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