A COMPARISON 05 CHILDREN'S SOCiAL VALUES 1N STORY COMPLETlON$ BY CULTURE-GROUPS Thesis for fin beam 9% M. A. MECMGAN STATE UNWERSQTY David John Eréckmn 3961 jHEfilé IINIWWI W111] WWW! “WEI! L 3 1293 01060 0462 LIBRA R Y Michigan Sm: University ‘— CE II RETURN 80X to monthl- chockommm you mood. W data duo. TO mono FINES Mum on or DATE DUE . DATE DUE DATE DUE A CGMPARISON GI CHILDREN'S SOCIAL VALUES 13 STGRY COMPLETION?» E-Y CULTURE-GRGUPS By David John Erickuon A THESIS Snbnlttod to Mlcblgnn Stat. Unlvoralty la p‘rtlal tulfllluont of tho roqulramonts for tho docroo 0! MASTER Ol‘ ARTS Dopartuont of Psychology 1961 ABSTRACT Tho Andorooo looo-ploto Storioo hovo hoo- odoioiotom to ohildro. in oight oooutrioo opookiuc .om low... for thio .tudy dot. hovo h... tokoo fro. ohildro. i. toolvo priooipol loootioo. to tho oicht «mutt-i... Couplotiooo to tho lootholl story, tho fifth .tory i. son.- A. or... writ- to. by 5.068 .ovooth-mdo .hildron i. thou- ootiv. loo..- oco. out tmolotod int. luluh. lot thio .tudy 150 oomth-gndo ohlldl‘oll. 7! boy. on. 75 gin-lo. with to. oxooptiooo. won-o drown in no... or... tro- tho po.l .t otory oo-plotioo. tr.- oooh of tho tvolvo loootiooo liotod holoo. ‘l'ho loootlooo cor. ortoncod into (our «ultimo-group. .o folio... Anglo-nun... oulturo—cmpl Booto. Honor. mum- on: nonlin, roman... on. Bit-inch... tuiood. soundi- ooviou outta-group: Holoiohi. lioloao; pro—on, loan" on. stoohholn. Soot... Lona-moi... oolturo-mupn ”on... City‘. so. Jo... motto Rico. on. Rio do Jonoir., Brooil. Got-on oolturoccroopn lorloruho. Bolling. ond Bunioh. Go.- no.1. Tho to. olno of tho otudy not. to dotoniho it tho oo- oiol vol... of tho ohildm ditto". “in... tho oulturo- group. oodl to tour-in. it tho oooiol vol... of tho child... tro- loootlou. m oultun—cnupo dittorod ft.- on. outhuu Th... prohlouo ooro ototod .o hypotho.ooo BypotMoio II Thor. or. autos-on... hotooon ooltoro- .I'CUP. o '11 Hypothooi. Ila Loootion. do not ditto. within o oulturo-group. Iivo ootogorioo comprising 35 itoo. ooro aood for oo- ding ood rooording tho ototy oonplotiooo to tho footholl Story. Cortoin it... in tho coding ootogorioo loro ortoogod into olootoro oloooifiod o. W Ill mm or a; W 1. tom of hypothooiood ond dotiood oooiol vole... hoood on gonorol oulturol oxpoototiooo o! child... in tho Unitod stotoo. Tho {toquonoioo of tallio. in tho itoo oluotoro ooro ooopotod hy o nothod of oholyoio hoing tho ooopoooot. of tho totol .hi-oquoro. Thio Iothod provldod o.uooho of tooting Hypothooi. I with tho hotoooh-group ohi-oquoro oooponouto ood Hypothooio II oith tho UlthlI-group ohiooquoto oo-poh- ooto. Hypothooio I thot thoro ooro dittorohooo hotooon tho Volvo. of tho childroo from tho dittoront oultuoo-groupo oo. ooooptod. without oxooption tho hotooooogroup chi- oquoroo ooro .ignitioout hoyond tho .001 lovol. Tho rout ordoo of oulturo-groupo in ooooptohlo oooioi vol... o... l. Anglo-ooorioong a. sooodinoviong 3. Lotih-wnorioona ood t, Got-on. Hypothooio II III that tho oulturo-groupo ooold ho found to ho ho-ogoooouo on tho (iv. ootogorioo ozoninod. In- otood. tho oultoro-groupo ooro found to ho hotorogoooou. in tho following ouohor o! ootogoriool Anglo-unoricon. rivog doondiooviou. too: Lotlnuolorlcou. (our. ond Got-on. (our. iii Hypotho.io ll thot tho ohildro. oithio tho ..I. oultur.- group. oould ooko .m-ilor ohoioo. .nd hold .ioilor .ooiol vol-o. thou writing thoir otory oooplotiou. no. not .uppor- todo loch oulturo-group hod on. loootiou dovioot tr.- tho too otho. loootio... Dooioot loootion. high in .oooptohlo .ooioi vol... ooro noon... .od Rio do Joooirog doviont lo- ootiouo lo. in .oooptohlo .ooiol voluo. .oro Biroiughoo ood zoolorUho. Approvod ::%4;~’Of\7¥‘ {XLUJQ“‘““’ Siguoturo of Mojo. Profoooor Dot. /?’¢u‘:1 /7‘/ iv' ACKNOWLEDGMEfiTS Tho outhor oisho. to oxproso hi. .inooro opprooio- tion for tho intoroot and o..i.tonco of Dr. Horold H. Andoroon .nd Dr. Glady. L. Andoroon in thi. .tudy .hd in tho proporotioh o! thi. oohuooript. Tho outhor oloo i. grotoful for tho .toti.tiool o..i.tonco of Dr; Torronoo M. Alloh, for tho guid- onoo .nd oounool of Dr. Cori I. Iroot, .nd for tho ooding oooiotonco of Borhor. N. Iriokoon. Th1. .tudy no. mad. ohilo tho oritor hold on oppointnont .. Spooiol Groduoto Roooorch Aooioo tont in tho Progroo of Rooooroh in Crootivity. _. -Mflg. L— h.) .o-‘J . v ‘ y . . ‘ .. A_‘....'._5__u-' L“~“‘M_-Ag‘—L'A‘ 4.1.5.qu fl. ‘._-L.£._.L TABLE OF COWTS ABSTRACT icnommms . o o o o o LIS‘I'OITABLIS .ooooo x. xnnonuc'non . . . . . . Bookgrouud o o o o . Tho footholl Story . Coding Iooool o o . Troioing of oodot. . insomnia... o o o . Tho tivo ootogorio. ltoo .lhotor. . . . :11. ms 0! m STUDY . o HoPROOIDmo..o... Tho oolplo . . . o . lothod o! mlyoi. . V. ImIIGSl CWABISOI Ol‘ CATEGORIES DY WMROUPS o o o . Gotogorr ll . . . . cotogorr 3| . . . . Cotogol'y 33 o o . o ooth 36 . . . . 0.00”" 3. o o o o '1. ’HDIUGB' communes 0" 0 0 000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 CULTURl-uagoups BYCATIGORIES......-...o.. -nmm001oooooooooooo onglo-oooriooo oultoro-grou. . . . . v1 .ll '1“ 0 “rat-I.- .10 .13 .lb oi. .82 .18 .30 Soohdihovion oolturo-gtoup o Lotio-uooriooo oulturo-group Got-o. oulturo-group . . . . Hypothoolo :1. . . . . v11. Discussion at tinnzuus . VIII. aunnanv . . . . . . . . nxxtnnncns . . . . . . . . . APPIIDIX A . . . . . . . . . tirrxnnxx a . . . . . . . . . vii 0 3! ti 53 53 53 5‘ 39 63 LIST OF TAELES Tohlo l. Nunbor. of .ovonth-grodo ohildron by locotion. who oomplotod tho tootboll story with doto. of rooooroh odniniotrotion o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o 2 Toblo I. An obotroot of tho rootboll Story coding .0fl001 o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o 3 Toblo 3. Poroohtogo. hf ogroomont of two indopondont oodoro in coding with 91 itono in 16 ootogorio. during 006103 troinlhg porlod o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o 9 Toblo b. Twolvo locotiou. .rrongod into four oulturo- [T0090 0! 0bf00 ‘000000fl0 0.0h o o o o o o o o o o o o 19 Table 5. Cotocori 31. mm; W moms. in ,glnggp Poroohtogo. of ohildron by loootion in tho throo ‘00! 0‘000070 . o o . o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o 25 Toblo ‘- Cot-cor)! 32. W W mm: m m. Porcontogo. of ohildrou by loootion in tho throo ‘00. cluotor. o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o 27 Tnblo 7. category 33. my} W m .t. m ‘3lngn. Poroontogo. of childron by loootion in tho throo 100. oluotor. o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o 29 Toblo 8. Cotogory 36, W h; m m. Porooh- togoo of childroh by loootion in tho throo itom olwo- tor. o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o 31 Toblo 9. not..." 38. W m m m- Poroontogoo of ohildroh by locotioh in tho throo iton oluotoro o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o 33 Toblo lo. Anglo—oooriooh oulturo-group loootioho. Coo- porioou of tho oinglo dowioht loootion with tho noon of ‘ tho two othor loootioh. oh throo ito- cluotor. of fly. 0000‘0'100 o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o 38 Tobi. ll. Soondihovion oulturo-group loootiono. Coupori- ooh. of tho .ingl. doyioht loootioh with tho noon of tho two othor loootioh. oh throo iton oluotoro of two cot.- ‘0'000 o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o “D Toblo it. Lotin-oaorioon oulturo-group loootiono. Cou- porioon of tho .ihglo dovioht loootion with tho moon of tho two othor loootiono on throo iton cluotor. of {our 0000‘0’100 o o o o o o o o o . o o o o o o o o o o . o ”2 viii Toblo 13. Gormon oulturo-group loootiono. Comporioon of tho .inglo dowiont loootion with tho moon of tho two othor loootiono on throo iton oluotoro of {our cot.- 30f100 o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o ix I o INTRODUCTION W Th. Andoroon Inocmploto Storioo, Series A and Sorioo B (3,b) woro dowolovod in 1952 can 1953. Th. tort of tho ll incomploto otcrio. i. prooontod in Appondiw A. Each .tory prooont. o oociol conflict situation to which children or. ookod to writ. an ending. The incomplete otorico contoin .ituotion. with child-poroht, child-teacher, and child-child rolotionahipo. Thor woro dcoignod .o o projectiv. dovico in tho hapo thot thoy would b. .onaitivo to oociol owaronooo, oooiol inventiveness, ond social voluco of odoloocontoa Tho doroiopmont of thi. tool .toumod from tho knowlodgo thot thoro or. individuol ditforonooo in tho .killo ond toch- oiquo. onplcyod by childron in conflict oituotion. and thot ouoh difforohco. or. duo, in port, to difforonoo. in oulturol ihtiwoucoo. Hypothoooo undorlying tho no. of tho Andoroon IIBOGIPIOt. Storioo or. thott childrou writ. from thoir own ooroopticn. cod orporioncoo; if hunch rolotion. dittor in dittoroht loootioh. childroh in dittoront location. will hot. bod dittoront orporioncoog childron from Gifforont loootion. will writ. difloront .tory complotion. to on iocomploto oooiol conflict .ituotion. ond thot tho cholcoo tho childron wok. whoa writing tho otory oomplotioo. will rotioct thoir oooiol roluoo. 2 Th. firot .tcry compiotion. woro gothorod fro: ohildron in Korloruho. Gornony. in 1952. In 1959 tho otory oomplotion. of childron in Rio do Jonoiro, Brooil. brought tho hunbor of otory oomplotion. to ovor 10,000. Story complotiono how. boon written mainly by fourth and .ovonth-arodo children. Tobi. l giro. o lioting of tho principol locotion. whoro tho otorio. woro .dminiotorod to .oronth-grado ohildron. Th. children wrote in their notivo language. and their story can- plotion. havo boon oinco translated into English. Tablo 1. humbor. of oovonth-grodo childron by location who compiotod tho Footboli Story with dotoo of rooooroh adminiotrotion. not. of Humbor of lam-mur-w # A W Korloruho, Gormany Sop. ’52 821 Knoxviilo, Tonnooooo Apr. ’53 220 Rollo. City, Moxie. May '53 1153 Honburg, Gormony Jan. '50 “87 Munich, Goroony Fob. '5. 328 Birmingham. England Mar. ‘sh #35 Brannon, Norwoy Mar. '5“ 223 Stockholm, Swodon Ear. ' 51} 158 Boloinki, rinlond Apr. 'sh 209 Son Juon. Puorto Rico Doo. '56 531 Bonton Horbcr, Michigon Jon. '5? 285 Hi. do Jonoiro, Brooil Aug. '59 218 Toto! 5068 ===============================================¥gr __ mmnmn Thi. otudy i. boood on tho Football Story, tho fifth otory from Sorio. A of tho Andoroon lnoomploto Storioo, which road. o. followoa Goorgo ond Tom or. playing with o football. They know thot thoy .hould not ploy footboll in tho nor. row opoco in front of tho houoo. Goorgo giro. tho boll o .trong kick ond tho boll hit. o window ond make. o big crock in it. Tom thought that someono bod oppoorod bohind tho window. R. on. could how. .oon who kickod tho boll ogoinot tho window. lining thi. otory with o fow .ontoncoo. Toll how tho two boy. folt obout it ond whot thoy did. Tho following or. oromploo of ohildron'. otory couplo— tiono. ooch idontifiod by tho ioootion ond numbor of tho child. Kn. 00h. Goorgo'o nothor wont to tho doorwoy ond collod him in. Sh. ooid ”You how. doiibortly dioo oboyod no .o I oholl how. to hoop you from ploying in tho footboll gnu. tomorrow." Goorgo folt oioor- obi. but ho know ho dooorwod whot ho got oo ho woo quito. (oic) Ch. 111! Goorao folt frightonod ond wontod to run owoy but Too ooy. thot ho will ohoro tho blono if Goorgo would com. with hi- to own up. In tho ond thoy did but nocono con. to tho door. Thoy wont owoy with o oloor contionooo. (oio) Bra 2228 Tho boy. wolkod in ond oold that thoy woro tho onoo who hod don. it. Thoy took thoir .oring. cod bought o now window. Hon 6750 Th. on. howovor who com. to tho window ookod who hod don. it. Tho boy. ooid thot both of thom hod don. it. Thon tho mon docidod ond tho boy. hod to poy tho bill for tho now window. In thot incidont Nonfrod ond Kori do not ploy footholl in thot ploco oeoin. [or 3630 Monfrod ond Kori woro ofroid of thoir fothor, ond thoroforo did not wont to ooy it. In tho owoning honfrod ond Kori wont to tho pooplo whooo window thoy kickod in. mmm‘ A coding nonuol for content onolyoi. of tho otory com- plotion. ho. boon dovolopod. At tho beginning, .ovoroi hun- drod otory complotion. from difforont location. woro rood. Aotiono, feelings. ond intention. which seemed to ho mention- od froquontly woro notcd. Gonorol handing. or major cloooi- fiootiono for coding different port. of tho otory completion. woro ootobliohcd. Tho general headings were called 533:. 33:13:,of behavior. A £353g£;;,il defined as on ore. of bo- horior or o topic of cloooificotion which provido. o moon. of roforring to o particular opiood. or dovolopment or to o oituotion of interporoonol relationship included in o otory complotion. Tho oyotom of oloooificotion i. carriod on. .tep furthor by lioting opooifio kind. of bohnvior, coliod jiggg,of bo- hovior, thot or. includod undor tho bonding of o cotogory. Tho coding monuol for tho Football Story contain. 16 dofinod cotogorio. oubdividod into itcmo, ooch dofinod ond ocoomponiod by inotruotion. for it. no. and by oromplo. of coding. An obotroct of tho coding manual i. includod in Tobi. 2. Tobi. 2 lioto ooch of tho cotogorio. ond it. ro— opoctiwo itomo. Tho numbor assigned to oooh cotogory roforo to tho numbor of tho column on the IBM card to which thot ootogory ho. boon o..igncd.. ‘Tho coding nonuoi for tho Ioctboll Story woo dorolopod in group conforonoo. during tho poriod from lowonbor 1959 to on 1960. Momhor. of tho group woro Dr. Harold fl. Andorocn, Dr. Glody. L. Andoroon ond Spociol Groduoto Rooooroh Aooiot- onto Dorid J. Erickoon ond Borboro I. Iriokoon. 5 Tobi. 8. An obotroot of tho Football Story coding manual. 0 “mm l Boy. I Poront 3 Gonor h Othoro-unoloor l Donor and roront .oporoto 1 Donor and Poront .omo 3 lot .1... b No motion or oithor ”WWWmm 3! l Iooludo I Buoludo thou includo 3 lxoludo b Includo thou oroludo 5 lo infernotion 6 Kiokor not oontionod WWWmm l Iuoluoo I looluoo thou tooled. lxoludo Iooludo thou oooludo J I. iotor-otio. 6 Couponioo not oootiooo. 334IIIIlwllllililnfllllllllwlltIWIIIIIIHI 33 l Voluntarily a lovoluotorily 3.Attor ooloy o lot .1... obotbor*or’hoo 3 lot roroolo. mmwm‘m AITtR.xoootity or lootitotioo l Ioolooo I tool... thou iooluio looluao looludo thou ooolulo BIIORI loootity OP ROItltlfitOl 35 3‘ 3 looludo 6 tool... thooriooluoo 7 looluoo I zoolodo tho. ooolooo 9 lot .1... 0 lo iolornotioo mwmhm l Voluotorily I Attor'ooloy 3 Involuotorily o lo. oloor ohotboo or‘boo 5 lot rovoolod W In Bu. 1 Voiuotoryo-oo-plotoo . Volutory-ooloo. iotoot. or tomboy 37 38 b1 5! 51 J! 6 3 roloyodn-ocmplotod o Doloyodo-ploo, iotoot. or {ootooy 5 Involuntary 6 Not .1... obotbor or'boo 7 Apology—contoooioo .ithout rootitutiol 8 Boy. ooco oo rootitutioo; othor. ooy 9 £0 mention of rootitutiou by our... Eozn:,£iangoozinn.Esoiiiniill 1 Clondootino 2 All other .torioo Iflllliflfll 1 Accord 2 Diooord thou ocoord Diocord Accord thou diooord 5 No intonotioo or only coo boy nootiooo. mu 2:. min: a 2...... m 1 Aoknovlodging, .upportivog rooourootul 2 Rootrictivo 3 voivor of Rootitution b Nonuocnfrootiog 5 Punitivon non-phyoiool 6 Rogotivo ototOIoot o: bio, 7 Punitivoa phyoicol 8 nocotivo .totoooot of El»? 9 Uourping o No oontioo o. obovo or ot oil fillLllLflllll l Moi. 2 touolo Piurol .ooorohip or .o. m .1...- Oonor not mootionod .1: ms... .t Box-ii. m .floholllxnotHZIIIni l Aoknoolodgiog, .upportivo. rooourootul Rootriotivo voivor of Rootitutioo loo-confronting Punitivon non-phyoiool logotivo ototoaout of 51.3 Punitivol pbyoiool flocotivo .ootoooot .1 51¢? Uourping o no oootioo o. obooo or ot oll “OVOUU'U. Wk: l Shorod with boy. 3 Voluntory rootitutions uourpinc Involuntory Io Rootitutioo by porootu othoo. nor 5 Poroot notion.” no motion of mtitotioo ‘ Poront not oootioood ”motion.“ 1 Holo I lonolo 3 Plurola porontog nooloor b Poront cot oootiooo. 7 Th. orrongomont of ootogorio. ond itom. in tho coding nonnol no. .pocifioolly con. no on oi. to tho oodoro. Tho ontogorio. cooling oith oooh of tho dittoront ohorootoro in tho otory oomplotiono, kick... conponion. oonor. ono poront. nor. orrongod into groups. Thot io. tho ootogorio. oooliog nith tho notion. or intootion. of tho boy. I... put firot in tho coding nonuol tollcnod by tho ootogorio. for tho oonor on. thon by thooo for tho poront. Tho orrongomont of tho itoo. oithin tho ootogorioo tolloood o ronk ordoring of tho itonm ot'hohovioo*nooording to o onlturol voluo oyotoo ogroo. upon by tho rooooroh group nod oioonoood boloo. Tho noot ocooptoblo bohovior’hoo boon liotoo tirot. mini-cum Ono. tho coding ootogorio. on. itono hoc noon oooonhloo in tho coding.noouol o! inotruotiono. tho troiniog .rogroo for tho oodor. on. hogan. During thi. portoo too ooooro' rooo tho nonuol on. inooponoontly oodoo tho oono .tory- oon- plotiono. Tho troining progron hoo o onol porno... It on. .oinnrily o poriod curing nhioh tho oooor. loornoo to oooo tho otory oooplotion. indopocdontly ond oonoiotontly to o Mum... lovol of ogrooooot of opproninotoly 90 9.. oont. In oddition. hooovor, thi. porioo no. u... to ro-phrooo tho coding nonuol for ooro prooioion or oooplotonooo of it. inotonotiooo. ootinitiono. ond illnotrotiono. too oodor. I... boot. J. triohoon on. Both... n. 3“.” o 8 Aftor oooh oxorcioo of coding, tho porcontogo of ogroo- oont botnoon tho too oodor. on. cooputod by tho Iollooing for-hi. which ho. boon hood in proviou. onolyoo. of tho Anc. doroon Inoomploto Storio. dot. (16). For cont ogroonoot o t um f m Totol numbor of iton. rocorooo by too ooooro X 100 Iroqnont rovioion. ond chongo. in tho coding nonnol tolloooo diocuooiono or cioognoooont. in tho coding. with .loritiootion of tho dotinition. in tho non-o1. oohooqoont poroontogo. of ogroonont ioorooood. Ono. tho porcontogo of ogroonont on. oonoiotontly grootor thou 90$. tho roliobility of tho «om no. oonoid- oroo to ho .utficiont {or rooooroh porpoooo. Tho tonining potion on. ondod nod tho coding oonuol no. oooloroo oloood to forthor rovioion. Tho prooooo or oooing tho ontioo oon- pling o! otory oooplotiono no. hogun. O Tool. 3 oh... tho poroootogo. o: ogroonont thot .oro ‘ohtoinoo during tho troining poriod trooilobouory 1". to Jon. 196°. Tho ooding of tho otory oonplotiooo for on- oooroh mono. no. hoguo in Jun. 1960 on. oonpiotod in top- tonhoo ”do. 9 Tool. 3. Porcontogo. of ogroouont of too indopoodont oodoro in coding nith 91 iton. in 16 ootogorio. during coding troining poriod. ‘6 .. 3 o to! to. O a g 2 0 all O N b s z: ' ~ ~ 3 ”W 93 'i 3% I ~ 1960 Loootion . o ,1: o ... u .. 8 3 Ioh It honioo City M 1599 888 3” ‘ 81 Bromochooig so all all I.” 03 Korloruho 27 303 301 not 79 Bro-non to t” W 339 80 Hot 1 Iorlol'uho .7 3.7 so. u: 36 BM to #52 M3 391 87 Apr .6 Flo-burg .9 too to. 371 91 lnonvillo so coo :80 It? o. by 17 honioo our 33 596 to. ' hat .1 Bumchooig 31 575 '07. hat 91 nor 18 Boloinki 23 til til 37? 89 lorloruho is .7. no at. to nor it bro-Ion a. so: on to. It ooy :o Birninghon 3t 51: 51. too 9: “Jun 1,. All loootiono 135 1063 us: not 95 Jun 6 u. do Jonoiro t: has no ti. o. JI- oo Stockholn .5 363 36. . 3.. n J. 11 lorloruho :8 t3: tax 395 9! w l ._V _._._..v o W 'Oooor I. no. hot“ J. lriohooo; Co...- I no. Borhoro ll. Iriohoon. ‘ ' ”Inn-pl» o! otory oonplotiono .olootoo for tho oooing oonnol. II. SOCIAL VALUES roohoy (lit). in 19159. pointod out tho noooooity (or onluoting ohildroo'. coulomnt in .ooiol loorning o. o ooon. of onluoting tho .obool curricula. .oying thot “on. of tho ohiot roooon. for booing o oodorn ourriouli- i. it. contribution to tho .ooiol dovolopnont of childron nod to tho doyoloynont of .kill. noooooory in o «noon-ooy." Bo indi- ootod thot tho notion of .ooiol looming no. not obotroot ono intoogibio but no. oboorvoblo on. thorotoro nooooroblo. Ihot. thon. or. thooo “.hillot' Porhooo on. .honld ooh tho onootion thot loo-boo ‘13) roioool thot .houlo . proporly brought-hp ohild ho? Unooriying tho onooor to thio qnootion to tho booio hypothooi. oi' thi. .tudy' (on. tho lorgor progron of .hioh tho otudy i. o port). nonoly thot ooob oulturo ho. it. on oot of onto. (or bringing up ohilcron. too. of tho rulo. or. mud nith othor culturoo. oooo or. ooiqoo. ooo hooio 'rulo' onorgiog throughout tho tootorn oorld i. o boiiot in tho toportonoo on. dignity of tho iooivuooi tau-on boing (oi). ., It ohould ho root-boo“ thot tho Anooroon loco-plot. .torioo or. oonoidoroo to bo o projootivo inotrunoot (In. rum: (in. tho origiootor or tho torn projooti'o toohniquo. ouggootod o. o colinition of tho torn thot o projootioo ootho. involyo. tho prooontotion of o .tinulu. .ituotion oolootod or ooootruotoo boooooo it. nooning oill not b. thot orbitrorily ohoooc by tho onporinontor. Rothor, tho .ubJoot 10 ll inpocc.‘ hi. printo. idicoyncrotic conning ond crgoniooticn to tho otiouluc. Tho oocunption i. nod. thot tho individuol'c crooniooticn of tho rolotivcly unotructurcd .tinulu. .ituo- tion to indiootirc of booic trcnd. in bi. pcrccpticn of tho rcrld and hi. roopcnoc to it (31)- trco tho ccntoot of chot tho child writ... intorcncco ooy bc croon obcut hi. nccdo. ottitndco. m iccolcgico. ‘ ond concoction of hinccli. It on. nonticncd obovo thot during tbc dorclopnoct of tho coding nonuol tho itcn. of «no of tho cotogcricc ocrc crI-ongcdinrcnhordcrondcrclnntcd. Ihcntbcncobcr. of tho rcocoroh group ronhcd tho it... thoy did co in torn. c! ccciol voloco, vol... ohioh could ho hypothooiocd c. on “Mon!“ for tho Unit“ Stotooo Coding it“ Moll nor. in- torprotcd o. indication of tho inpcrtoncc ond dignity of tho indictdooi bin-on boing ocro ronkcd highoct ond croiootod o. W. Ito-c mob did not noot thic critcricn nor. mlootcd o. mm. acoc ttco. nor. m W. Th. coding unuol cc. dcvolcpcd o. o noon. of dctor- nining cortoin occicl vol... of cooh child nhc orctc o coo- plcticn to tho l‘cotboll Story. Tho ccciol voluc. of tho childrcn or. iotcrprctcd tron tho coding itono in nhich thoir otory conviction. oorc rcccrdcd in tho .crcrol coding octo- gorico. :Ircn thccc .ccicl vol... of tho childron. intcrcncc. noy bo no. cbcot tho .cciol vol... of thoir non-onto. obout tho ccoiol toincc c! thoir cultnrc. 18 to. on illuotrotlon of tho ronking cod onlooticn of tho coding itcno, concidcr Cotcgory 31. W W W m m. Tho tirot itco (31-1) of thi. octo- gcry. tho hiohor’o i-cdioto. .pcntonccu. intcnticn to in- clndc or to oc—onicoto tho toot. of tho occidcot to tho color. ho. boon W o. dolonotrotito ct on'idool' or hoot occoptnblo bohovior for o child to choccc to oritc in bi. otory conviction. Th. rcnoicing it... in thi. cotcgcry rcccrd loo. ocooptoblc bchorior. hot to. it i. loco ”- m for tho child to chococ to nrito thot tho hichor in- tcndcd iii-ct to run cooy ond lotcr to rotor. to tho concr (31-!) hoccocc tho choicc of tho child indicotc. on initiol hooitction to too. tho con... for tho child to chcccc to Mto tut tho kichcr'c lo- tonticn on. to cool... tho ooncr or to h... tho‘tcct. oi tho occiooot iron tho conor (31-3) to for tho child to choccc on cltcrnctivc thot i. n; W lcr i. it occcptoblc for tho child to chococ to orito thot tho hickor'. inton- tlol chongod If. on tntoht to tholnoo to no lntont to CI- clndcthcconcrflloflbccooocthochcicoofthochildin- dicotc. on .nrcodincoo to too. tho con... lo coolnoticn no. .loccd on tho loot to. itcn. ct Gotc- gcry 31 ohich rcoord thot thorn no. no infcrnotico obont tho hichor'o intcntion rogording tho con..- (31-!) or thot tho hichor no. not nonticncd in tho otory conviction (31-0. Honour. cno could ooy thot tho child oh. oh... to orltc . otory ccnplcticn .hich cool. to rccorccd in cithcr cl thcoo 13 .itm no. not cxhihiting ooooptoblc bohoricr bcoouoc tho child did not or could not too. tho conflict .ittntico. Ilium tic. of tho 1‘ cotcgoric. of tho coding unool for tho lcctholl otory cocci-d bchovicr. toolingc. or intcoticn. of tho boy. in rcloticn to tho ooncr nod to coch othcr. Tho (it. ontogcric. hot. boon .clcctcd for onolyoi. in thio cm: for tbrcc rcoocnol (l) thoy inclodc ototooont. pcrtoining to tho intcntion. ond bchoricr of tho boyc. (I) nor. nooningtnl pcycbclcgiccl ccntcnt .nd floor cultnrol difl'crcntioticn. cor. ontioipotcd. cod (3) tho (it. cotcgcric. ncro cnpcctod to b. nor. .cnoitivc to tho .ooiol vol... of tho chilcron oo dolincd tor thio onolycio. ‘l'bc (it. cotcgcrico orci comm at. mm mm m. cotcsory 31 rcccrd. tho intcnticn of tho kiokcr rogording tho con... obcthcr it no. to in- cludc tho concl- in tho .ituotion ond to intcrn bin 1 of tho foot. of tho oocidcnt. or ohcthor it no. to cncludo tho ooncr tron tho oituoticn nod to hoop iron hin tho (not. of tho occidont. cot-cm 3!. W ‘ m. Tho .onc doiiniticno. ccnditicno. c.- onplcc. ond vol... or. coplcycd in both cotcgcry 31 nod Ootcgcry 3!. com-r1 33. mm m i. m . onto"?! 33 rocord. tho nonncr in ohioh tho bcyo' idcntity no. rcvcolcd to tho oonor. In thio cctcgory thorn i. no dittcrcntioticn of kichcr (r. cons-onion. ootcccry 3‘ W h: in hon- 0““ gory 36 roccrd. tho oonncr in ohich tho boy. nodc rootituticn to tho concr for tho donogod oindoo. l. thio cotcgcry thcrc i. no dittcrcntioticn or hichor ir- connonicn. 1h Cotton! 38. W m on non- Cotocory 38 momo tho nonnor In which tho hoyo rolotod to oooh othoc to tho otory conviction. n. m Tho Ito-o o! oooh of tho flvo ootocortoo ooto oo-htood toto throo 'olootoro.“ Tho oluotortoc coo dooo hooohoo nth cooploo co mu oo 15. tho tmuonoy ct toluoo oo oovorol ttoho too too loo to ho tmtod otottottoouy. Rolotod stoic woro thorotoro oo-htood. Io tho am too:- of tho “to ootogortoo tho olootoro coo-pltflod W ooolol volooo. n W coon! «loco. cod m M oo- cotdthc to tho voloco dtoohoocd ohovo. Wow could thoo ho oodo octooo ootocortoo. Tho Ito- olootoro to Octoccry 38, Win- m m m. um not no. ovoluotod. a... guano ohooctohovothohoyo touccrdmoooytothotcctocy coulottooo ouch mld to In; W ohno othoc chudno ohooo to hovo tho hon oot to oocord ood tocothoc com: thoir Idoottty to tho color which would ho W. “anon” It coo boy too our ohno tho othcc told tho cooot. tho totcottoo of tho boy who to“ tho coco: coo. to tho oodtoc. [two- priority on: octlnc to dtoccrd. Loco thou fl of tho otory o-plottooo to ooch of tho 1: looottooo Ioro 'oot oloor' cod woro noordod to Ito- b of concert :3. m' Wmnmm 1“- ):J mob hod cot hooo cvoluotod woo than oo-htnod nth no- ”-5. “Inn' Moon” on hot mid,“ ma hod oooc 15 ovolootod oo,ng§ugnsgnfignlg. ‘Tho rcooltlnc lton olootor ro- tolood tho cvolaotlch of m W. atollorly. loco thou Niko! tho otory couplcttoho lh ooch of tho ll looottcoo woro rooordcd lo Ito- 6. “not oloor' orcotocol'y )6. Wanna. Ito-I 6 m m M. Ito-o 7. 8. old 9 hot! hoco onlhotcd oont...- M hooouoc oootltutlou I“ not nodo. moo Ito-o 6. 7o 8, out 9 woro oluotoo‘od tho ovolaotloo ct MSW Ioo Iotolood. echo of tho dotollo o! tho doto woro loot hooouoo of tho ooohlhotlooo of cool" Ito-o thot woro hoooooon. noo- ovot. ovon olth loco dotollod doth. lt ooo thought thot tho oulturol dlttorohcoo would ho outflolootly lotco to ho to. toolod. Ono ptoco of lolorootlon thot III loot oohocrhod tho l-hodlooy of tho tattoo of tho boyo tcoord tho Otto's loch of tho tlvo ootoc‘coloo hood to tho otudy oootolho ltono for rocordloc tho l—odlooy of tho ootlooo or lotootlooo of tho ton and thio tofu-lotto. too not dlttocohtlotod to tho olootoro of tho ltooo. ‘l‘ho ootocotloo cud oluotoro or ltooo cot-o omncod oo tolloooI Cotton?! 31- W W W m m Aocoptohlo hohovlor—v-lnoludo l nohor'o lotootloo woo to loolodo tho oooor l Ilokor'o lnltlol lhtohtloo to oooludo thou to loolodo tho concl- lot occoptohlo hohovtcn-occludo Klohor'o lntcntlco no to oooludo tho mot nokot'o lnltlol lhtohtloh to lhclh‘o thou to ooclodo tho color. 1‘ not ovoluotod-ooc lotomootlch 5 3o lntormotloh ohout tho klokor'c intentlol rogordln‘ tho honor 6 Tho hlohor woo hot oootlcood echo." 3!. W W mun: no mo: Tho coho ltooo. oluotoro ct lto-c. cod volnoo to Cotocory 3l woro hood to Cotoccry )1. cotccorr 33. m’ Whom-ohm“: Acooptohlo hohovlor—ovoluhtorlly or ortor'doloy l Boyo covoolod ldootlty volootortly I Boyo oltoc’doloy (volootootly) tovoolod ldoottty lot oocoptohlo hohovlotuolovoloototy 3 Boyo ldontlty woo dlooovoood or cotoolod tovolootorlly to tho coho: lot ooocptohlo hohovtcr-ooot covoolod. ploo oot oloor t not olooo'whothoc cc hoo horo' tdootlty ooo cotoolod 5 Boyc' ldootlty too not cocoolod to oooor Cotoccl‘r 3‘. W 121 m hon Acooptoblo hohovloc-ovoluotory or doloyod l Boyo' cooplotod voluotocy cootltotloo I Boyo' voluhtory plon. latchtloo. fohtooy oonoocoluc cootltottoo 3 Boyo' oo-plotod doloyod (volootorri tootl- tattoo b cho' doloyod (voluotocy) ploo. lotootloo. lootooy ooooocoloc cootltutloo. lot oooootohlo hohovloau-lovolootory 5 Boyo' lhvoluotocy cootttutloo not ooooptohlo hohovloo—o oo cootltutton, pluo oot cloor 6 lot cloor whothot ot- hoo hoyo Iodo rootl- tattoo 7 Boyo' opolocybcontooolco without vootltotlco I Doro oodo ho lootltutloh 9 lo oootlco of notttotlco by onto-o 17 clue-n 38. W m m an lot ovoluotod-uoooord l Boyo’ occcrd ‘ I cho' loltlol dlocord folloood hy'oooood lot ovolnotodoodloccrd 3 Boyo' dloecrdr b.80yo' loltlol oooord tollcwod by dlooood lot ovoluotod-coo tarot-otloo 5 lo lolooootlol co to tho hoyo' oocovd or dloOOId III. £1,153 0? THE STUDY filth tho quohtltlootlon of tho doto to tormo of oootol voluoo. coo ovonuo of ooplorotlon opoo to lhvootlgottoh too on ooolyolo of tho oothropologlool. oocloloalool. ohd por- cholcclool lopllootlcno of tho troquoaoloo (or poroootogoo) of otory oonplotlooo rooordod to oooh o! oovorol ovoluotcd ltoo oluotoro. Hcoovor. tho lhvootlaotor hoo ohoooo to to- port tho tlhdlnco of dttforohooo hotwooo tho voclcuo loco- tlooo otudlod. loovlha oooolooloho to tho voodoo. In provlouo onolyooo of tho ohlldroo'o oooplotlooo to tho Aodorooh loco-ploto»5torloo ottootlco hoo hooo toooood co cooporlhc tho locottouo. coo wlth oooh of tho othoro. lo thooo ooolyooo thoco woro ouacoottooo of oulturol troodo. Thot to. ccrtolo loootlcho oooood to olhotor toccthor loo- qoootly. Ihot hoo not hooo ohdortohoo to o cooporlcco of tho oooccol locotloho chloh tcgothor copooooht 'oultuto~ ccoopo.“ coo group oath oooh of tho othoto. ‘Tho (loot olo of thio otody lo o ooopoctooo of occlol volwco hotwooo oultwco-ctoupo of looottooo. Cottoll (a) hoo ouccotod oo orltorlo tor dotorololoc tho omotlority of looottcoc which roproooot oultuco-croupo “conch root loam-too. a... hlotorlcol cumu- {no o ocotor, oo-oo htotorlool tron-o. “um mnphy. clot- lortty o! oollxtoo. cod otollortty or choc.“ Vlth thooc cottoclo. tho ll loootlono loolodod to tho otody oooo oo- roocod into {our culturo—ccoupo o! thcoo loootloho oooh oo l8 19 ohooo holco in run. 1.. Tohlo t. Twolvo loeotlooo omcd lhto roul- colturo-croupc of throo loootloao oooh. Anglo-hoorloon l. Boutoo Ilorhor. Hlohlno I. Khoovlllo, Tohooocoo 3. Blmlnchon. lulood , Boohdlhotloh » l. Bololhht. llolood l. Dru-oh, lot-ooy 3. Stockholo. Boodoo Lotto-mono“ N l. Hooloc Clty, Hooloc a. Goo Jooo. Poorto ”co 3. Mo do Joootoo. Btooll Gonoo l. Korlocuho, Got-ooy Io Flo-burg. Got-ooy 3. huntoh. Got-ooy o A ooro cooploto doootlptloo of oooh locottoo lo toood lo Appcodto B. Tho throo looottcoo of Bcotoo non-hot. looovtllo. ood atrolochoo col-o ornocod loto tho Aulo-ooorlcoo oultorc— m. motorloolly tho ”ottod stotoo to tho «ups-u. or look“. Thu. tho W. cultorol trodlttooo. cod loool tMltlooo oI'o ohorod hy thooo too ccootrloo. Rololohl, bro-co. cod stockhol- '0” ploood tocothor to tho Sooodloovloo «1W. ottco tho oooo Sooodtoovtoo lo hood to dcolcooto tho tho-co hthcdooo ct Hot-ooy, Soodoo. ood Dot-um. throo oouotrloo ohloh ohoto cloooly rolotod loo- moo cod o coo-co oodo of ltto (ll). Do-rk ooo ooolodod 20 too. tho colturo-crcup hocouoo it lo lot roprooootod io tho cooplo of locoticno. Holoinki ooc oddod to tho Boondioovioo coltoooocrcup hocouoo rinlohd cultutolly rooomhloo in oohy toopooto Soodoh with which liolond ooo unitod politicolly (or ocoo thou oi: cooturioo (ll). hooioo City. soc Juoo. and Rio do Johoioo, ovoo though oidoly ooporotod ccogrophicolly. woro orcoocod into tho Lotto-notion oultoro-grcop. According to tho W ‘IIIIIIIIIJ Lotio Aoorioo io o cooorol tom. oppliod to tho I. ihdopondont ropublico of tho loo vcrld with o Lotih hockgrouod....Gocgrophoro. oopociolly. iocludo to tho gonorol ooproooion Lotin Aoorico tho pooooo- oiooo of tho Suropooo Stotoo in tho hoolophoro.... oinco oll of tho crooo woro coco oloiood by Spoih. Poorto Rico, o aponioh colony for (our oontorioo. hot coo o port of tho Unitod Stotoo, ooy oloc ho ihclndcd undo: thio toro....Althcugh oooh country hoo ito ooh ocporoto cud diotiuct notloool choroc- toriotico. tokoo tcgothor thoy hovo o common Euro- pooo origin, o coo-on coloniol hockarouhd. o con-oh hiotcry of rolotod oomuto for iodopondoooo tro- thoir octhor countrioo....o lohguogo oith o com-co root. o oooooo poyoholocy cod ooy of lito, o poo- dooiooot oo-oco ooligioh....(ll) Tho oritorio coco pol-how hoot oooily not to:- toning tho Oct-co oulturo-group. All thcco locotiooc. Korloruhc. nonhurg. cud Munich. coo from tho oo-o country with o coo- ‘ooo hiotoricol tron-o, con-co loocuogo, cud oioilor cco~ mm. Tho ooccod oio of tho othdy io o coopooiooo of chil- droo'o oooiol toluoo oithio ooch of tho oulturo-groupo. I! tho oritorio coro not cod tho locotiooo coo in toct ho ore-hood ioto oultoro-crcupo. coo would prodict thot tho 21 dittorcncoo in tho childron'o otory complotioho w oolturo-croupo would cocood tho dittoooocoo m culturo- croupo. such o prodiction ooo roototcd co too hypothoooci Hypothooio It Thoro orc dittcrcncoo hctooco culturo— group” iiypothooio Ila Locotiono do not ditto:- withio o cultutc- group. Iv. PROCEDURE . o m malt A voodoo oomplo woo oolcotod for thio otudy to roduoc tho ouohor or Tootholl story cooplotiooo to oooo huohor oodor 5,0‘8. It woo dcoirohlc to hovo tho coho humor of otory oooplctlooo tron oooh locotioh for coco cod otticichcy in ooloulotico cod co thot tho oblooqhoroo obtoihod in tho coolyoio oould ho oo-porohlo throichout. Tho lorcoot ouoo tor of otory oooplotiooo which could to drown tro- oll l: loootiono ooo no. Thuo. with too oocoptiono, oquol oun- horo of ohildrco. 75 hoyo cod 73 oil-lo. cot-o drown fillin- doo ordoc loco tho pool oi‘ football Story cooplotiooo by oo'ooth-crodo childroo in coal: of tho 1! locotioho ohowo lo Tohlo 1. Too Stockhol- ond Rio do Joooiro it no iopcooihlo to oquoto tho oohplo for cc: of tho childrco. 1o stockhol- thorc ooro ooly 72 oovooth-grodo hoyo oho cooplotod tho lootholl storyg thuo .c.s;’...p1...... ct rivo oirlo coco voodooly diocordod {to- tho totol oupliu looting tho ro- ooioiog otory oo-plotiooo of 78 cirlo to ooho o totol o! l5. ohildcoo for stookholo. Tho totol ouohoc of Rio do Joooico ciclo who oooplotod tho Iootholl story loo 7:; thoooforo. tho who: of hoyo nodooly ooloctod ooo 78 to provido o totol or l5. childroo for tho oonplo. Tho otory couplotiooo iocludod for ooolyoio cot-o drou- io o voodoo ordor in tho (ollcoioc moor. Tint, o liot 23 of tho idohtiticoticn homhoro of oll oovohth-grodc childroo ooo oodo for thcoo who hod oomplotod tho football Story, ooporoto lioto hoing hointoinod tor boyo ohd girlo. A tohlo of oondco humboro woo thou uood to coloot tho otory complo- tiono to ho includod in tho otudy. mum With tho 1: locotiooo orrohgod into four culturo- groupo. it too poooihlo to ooplcy o oothod ct onclyoio ooioc tho coopooohto of tho totol chi-cohoro. Bcooooo of tho od- ditlvo hoturo of chi-oquoto. tho tctol chi-oquoro for oooh ootogory ooo hrckoo down into ito ccnpcooht porto cc thot tho contribution of oooh culturo~croup to tho totol chin \ oquoro too ocoouotod for. Going thio procoduro. thou. thoro woro too olooooo ct ooopohooto. licot. thoro ooo coo hotuooo-croop chi-oquoto coopoooot for oooh cotocory. Informotioo rocordiua tho dittotoocoo io otory oo-plotiooo hot-coo cultutc-croupc coo doom tro- thio oooooooot. Hypothooio 1 vol tootod ot thio lovol of tho ooolyoio. Io odditloo. thoro coco tho within-group ohiooqooro ccopooooto (no ohioh lotot-otioo rogocdiog tho hooooohoity ct loooticoo oithio tho coltoroocroupo too drooo. Thooo cocoooouto woco uood to toot Hypothooio 11. Thoco coco tour ’ oultuoo-croupo ood thoo thooo coco tooc'oithio-orouo chi- ' oquooo coopooooto (or oooh ootocooy. V. IIHDIHGSI COMPARISOH OI CATIGORIES BY CUBTURI-GROUPS A ocooictoot finding {or ooch of tho tivo cotogorioo co- ooiood coo thot tho totol chi-oquoro coo cianii'icoot hoyood tho .001 lovol. lo othor cordo. coooidocod n m; thou-c coco oichiricoot dittorooooc hctocoo tho l! loootiooc. siooo tho totol chi-coho" io o coopcoito of hotoooo-u-oup cod “thio-group ohi-oquooo ooopcoooto, thot ohioh roooihod to ho ootohliohod too tho lcvol ct which thooo dittorooooo coco cporotico. it tho hotwooo-orcup lovcl. tho ohiuoquoroo Ion-c coo- ciotootly oinii’icoot hoyood tho .OOl lovcl. Bypothocic I woo thorotcco ooooptcd cc hoiog tooohlc. thooc coco oigoii’i- ooot dittorcococ hotoooo tho oolturoa-croupc of locoticoo. it tho “thio-(coup lcvol of mlyoio tho ticdioco ccto not oll ooooiotcot. to tho diocuooioo holoc. oooh of tho . {in cotoccrioo ic coccidocod in turn with cococd to tho oithio-‘ooup chi-coco" coopcoooto. iloo, tho cook cocci-tic or culturc-m 51' on coot in tom of W cod I! W hohovicr io ccportcd. Wil- wwwmm Tho ohciooc thot tho ohildcoo oodo choc thoy ototo ohout tho iotooticoo of tho Idaho: in thoir otory oooplo- tiooo ooco roccrdcd io Cotocory 31. A coupon-icon oi’ tho ohildroo'o otory cooplctiooc ic ohcco io Tohlo 5. lotc thot 2h 95 Toblo 5. Category 31. 513333;; .glngg. Porcohtogoo of childroo by locotioo io tho throo item cluotorc. ‘3 .. .. s 3. 3 clo an: «cup! .3 .e 3.. ..: ..§ 3.; 3 g 2 . "3. ti: “3: 30¢ ooh ooh Culturo- H Hot N He I Nov Ch" lfllhflL—.__Jdmflflllmk- ~A - —4uL...JunuuuL. ‘i t, ‘5? TOTAL 22 221.86... Biff!!! CULTURE-GROUPS 6 151.77... Anglo-omoricon 63.5 16.9 8.7 Scondinovioh 56.! 36.9 5.! Lotiuuuoorioch 36.! b5.‘ 18.! coma 3303 . 57-3 ’03 IITBII GUBTURl-ONOU?8 Anglo—coccicoo b 19.87... Knoxvillo 75.7 16.0 9.3 “‘0‘ mm, ‘So, "c. 8.7 Birminghou 53.3 33.7 8.0 Scondinovion h 7.89 BM 61o, 30o. 8.7 StOCkbOID 52.0 '43.) “o, Holciohi 55.3 ho.o t.7 Lotio-cocricoo b 29.87... Noxicc City 2&.7 60.7 15.7 5.. J“. 33o, “o. :’c3 R1. d. J‘001r9 h9o3 3°o° 20o? a"... I. 12.1.5” loclocuho t3.) 66.0 10.7 Homburc 51.0 “8.7 903 unhich 35.7 8.0 "‘8i¢oificoht at .01 lctol *“51¢u1r1..nt ot .OOl 1.1.1 57-) 26 tho totol chi-oquoco cod tho hotwcco-crocpo chi-cocoon oro coch oinii'iooot ot tho .001 lcvcl. Tohlo 5 ohcoc thot tho ohildroo of tho Anglo-cocciooo culturocu-oup. with o oooo pol- coat of “.15, croto coco otory oooplcticoo cootoioioc W hohovior thoo did tho ohildm Ico- tho othoc oulturo-croupc. Tho Got-co childm. with o oooo poo ocot of 33.3 crotc tho looct o.- hoc ci‘ otcty oooplotiooo with W hchovicr. Convoc- , ccly. tho Goo-oh childcoo, oith o oooo poo coot oi’ 57.3. . onto tho ooot otory ccoploticoo io which tho hichoc'c ho- hovioc too M W. It choold ho ootcd. hcoovcr. thot to ho lcootico did oil of tho ohildtco ocito otory cocplotiooo io chioh tho hichoc'o hohovioc coo W or .3. W. lo lo- ootioo coo ooticoly 'good' or ootiooly "bod" oc cvidcoccd by tho Anglo-nonociooo childroo tho. olthooch thoy hod tho hichoot porcootocc ci‘ otory oooplotiooo cooocdod oo W oloc hod o ocoo poo ooot or 26.! oi‘ otory oonlcticoo cocoo- dcd co In; W io Cotonl? 31. Ito-c 5 ood . iooludc mac otorioo co otory «opio- tiooc chioh ovodc tho ioooo of tho hiohoc'o tool-c tho cooor. Tho l-otiwcricoo oooo poi- coot of 18.! too tcicc thot of tho Got-co colturoocroup oooh pol- coat of 9.3 ohioh ooo hoot to cook ccdoc. It coo ho ootiocd thot oll oultun—croupc oooopt tho oooodioovioo cot-o hctococooocoou tho “thio-mop ohi-oquorcc tot-o oigoitiooot ot or hoyood tho .tl lovol. Tho ohildcoo ct Tohlo 6. cotococy at. 37 t llflllfllllLlllllllll {3|n31. locoootocco ct ohildcco hy locotioo in tho thtoc itcoroluctccc. cultoloo Logic-cocciooo oooodioovioo Lotioooocricoo hooclc-ooooicoo Ihoovillo Bootco nochoo ado-iodhoo tooodioovioo loo-loo ltochhomo lolciohi Lotio-ooocicoo hooico City loo Jhoo Rioido Joooico Ioolooo Ito-o {to I :’-3 ,0, 3.07 ’30, (Acooptohlo) z:.. .b Ito-o 3 o b toolhdo [7.6 J‘C’ (lot oocoptohlo} Io»lo(omootico Ito-o 5 o.6 worm; .3313!!! CULTUII-GIOUPO 1).! {0.9 33., I... 'TTIII GEETVRIoGiDUPS 68.0 ‘0.7 ~,03 ::.: ‘70, 10.7 0.. 8.) 11.: 3.07 32.. is.) 26.? to.) 5.7 30, 3’0, 60.. 86.0 33-3 ‘5.’ ~’o, 370, ll.) 18.? I... 10.7 8.7 13.) 1!.) I... 15.; no.7 lb.0' 10.? (lot otoluotoo) ? '1 3.3.57 ‘ ‘3’..‘ooc t ot.so"' b 1.07 b u . u... o 11.7!“ m ‘oiaoiticoothot .0: 1...: '*°'oi¢ooticoot ot .OOl loool 28 Bro-ooh. Stockholm, ond Holcinki ooro not oigniticontly air- lorcot in voluoo rcgording tho kichcr'c intontion rogordihg tho cvnor. iflflflllllllio.ElEfilnlflnll.1nSInilfinullfillflllluthluflllll Ac oootioood oorlior. Cotcgcrioo 3i cod 3: oootoio oo- ootly tho coco itcoo, dotioitiooo. ocoditiooo. cod voluoo. oocopt thot Cotcgory Sl portoioc to tho hiohor chilo Cotoo gory 3| portoloo to tho oo-pohioo. It ohohld ho ootod thot thol'o coro dittorohooo hotocoo tho autumn... of tollioo for tho too cotogcrioo. Io Cotogcry 32 thorc too o grootcr ouhcr oi‘ otory oomplotioho rccordod io tho m w itoo oluotcr (or ooch locotico. oith o oooocquontly ooollor ooohor ct tollioo rocordcd in tho .gg.p§g§1g,hohovior‘itoo ‘ olootor thou io Cotogory 3i. lo othor oordc. oorc of tho childroo orcto nothing ohout tho iotootioh of tho ooopooioo io thoir otory cocplotiooc thoo wroto oothiog ohoot tho io- tootico .r tho hickor. _ Ono of tho (iodingo ohcoo in Tohlc . lo thot tho chil- droo tro- tho Anglo-oooriooo oultoro-group ooot troquootly codo ohoiooo thot woro‘.gg.njgnlg,ohoo writing thoir otory ccoploticoc. Tho Scoodihovioo childroo rohhod cocood oith florooo childroo rooting third cod Lotio-ohoricoo childroo rooting fourth. A ccoopiooouo dirorgooco coo ogoio chcoo hy tho Lotio- oooriooo childroo io oriting voguc ctorioo rocordod in Ito-o 5 cod 6. hot coly ooc tho oulturoogroop oooo of 11.9 por :9 root. 7. c.tocorr'33.hflolo' W n can Poroootogco of childroo hy lccotioo io tho throc itco oloctoro. .sigoiticont ot .os lcvol "Sig-itiooot ot .Ol lovcl ligoificoot ot .001 lovol . .ao '5 3 a. C t “8 h .“I too {in ~3 5 g '5 A n z i3; it: I: Coltorc- : H- a :5 §: 5 Chi- 1- i f TOTAL or 100.60" arrvxrn cuntunr—onours 6 135.33.. . ioglo-oocricoo 6b.! “.5 19.3 ““‘ufl.. ”o, ‘~o' 28.0 “.‘m“' ,‘o. ‘so. “c. Goo-co 38.0 23.8 “.1 WI CULTURE-GROUPS ooglo-oooricoo ".3!” looovillc 75.3 10.7 lb.o ”‘0. ROM ‘lo, Ibo. ”o, Biroioghoo $b.7 85.7 80.7 Scoodioovioo 1r.tr° bro-co 63.) ".7 18.0 “..mh 52c, ‘bo. 33o, “‘I1m , "o. 11o, ,‘o' Lotio-oooricoo ".17” Iooicc City 20.7 l7.) 55.. too Juoo 35.7 10-7 “.7 Bio do Joooiro 50.7 ll.) 38.. Goo-o l‘o“.. Ioriooohc n.o 26.0 52.0 mt. b.o. 13o, j’c, Batch 38.. ".7 55.3 30 cont tho lorgcot .1 oil tho culturoogrcupo. hut tho individ- ool por cont {or ooch of tho Lotin-onoricoo locoticno woro lorgcr thon for ony of tho nino othor locotiono. Tohlo . ohowo oloc thot for Cotogory )1. tho Scoodi- notion childroo wroto hocogcoocuc otory occplotiooog whorcoo tho otory oooploticoo of tho childrco within oooh of tho throc othor oulturoogroupo woro not hooogoooouo. mu. m'mnmmmnmm Tho ohoiooo on... to. childroo o... .... thoy oroto .5... tho hcyc rcvcoling thoir 14...“: to tho owoor oro cooporod tor Gotogory 33 in Tohio 7. Tho totol ohi-oquoro oo woll co coch of tho chi-coworo coopcocotc woo cigoitioont. Tho ohoiooo not. by tho «no... within ...o .r tho coltoro- groupc woro not ohoilor. Tho ocoiol volwoo of tho owltwrc- growoo woro cot hocogcnocuc. ' Ac woo coco in Tohlco 5 cod .. cod chcwo ogoio io‘Tohlc 7. tho Anglo-ooorlcoo childroo ooot Iroquootly oodo ohoiooo thot woro,gg.gn§ghlg. Tho coco por cont of ctorioc troottho Cor-on locotiooo woo lowoot {or W woluoo. no. : includoc otory con-pm“... in .which to. idoctity .r tho on. to. rovoolod Dinvolootorily. r... 1.. otory u.- plotiooc in which tho hoyo woro oought. Tho Gorooo childroo wroto tho hichoot homotogc of otorioc rcccrdcd io thio m W itoo. thoir noon pcr cont hoing oonoidorohly 31 Tohto 8. Cotocory 3‘. W ll 33 m. Pomtoooo of ohturoo hr looottoo to tho throo ttoo oluotoro. ) ’ . .3 13 .. o ‘8... on 3 oi o: n o t. o a on! Q 3 O tag 3 ° :u? §~e g.§ g“: o m... :35 as; .5: a... “a III-III # pH-v .4va nus- an ar- VAL—m rorAL a: 1‘6.ox"' tan-non CULTURI—GROUPS 6 101.35”. Auto-mum 53.6 13 .3 53.1 BOMiMV‘CI 85 o‘ i, o ‘ ‘1 o, “.1M“... .Io’ ‘o’ ,‘o. VITBIH CULTURE-GROUPS Anglo-muooo b 32.50.” 1.0811110 ,‘o, 8.7 38.7 , a...” W'- ,1o, .o’ “o. sooouoovtoo 5 5-37 bro-on 10.7 15.0 55.) 8‘00“.“ I'o. 10o. 58.0 “‘U‘m .‘o. ‘,o) ‘.o’ Lotto—mum I 16.65” Iootoo City 16.7 10.0 73.3 loo Juoo 18.7 ‘07 7‘07 Mo do Jooolro 33.3 5.0 52.7 sou-u- b 10.17‘ lortoroho :3.) 11.7 ”.0 Rabat. "o, I, o, ‘1 o, 20.0 18.7 ‘t.’ hutch M .stcotttooot ot .05 tovol "51¢uxtsouot ot .ox lovol "s:¢.1t1..ot ot .oox lovol 32 ohm tho oooo por ooot of tho thooo othor «titan-mo mob ooro onto oath: to oooh othor. Ito-o h and J tooth-lo otory oooplottono toohioh tho horo' Moottty coo ooflottoly not rotooloo on! to moh it no oot oloot ohothor or hoo tho hon. tooottty m rovooloo. um Itooo b on! 5 woro ooootdoroo mm (to- tho otooopotot of tho oooor ohooo um hot! hooo huho. thooo otofloo mu “mm. on tho ooohtood Ito-ohms. thoOoroooooooporooototMJoloooto-n goo!“ tho Lotto-oath” oooo poo ooot o! “.2. hoth m hon. ooooploooooly huhoo thoo tho sooootoovloo ooltoto— ¢ooop with 18.. not ooot ooo tho Auto-outlooo oultoro- M with 19.3 poo ooot. W 16.. W I! m hill to Cotonou-y )6 on oooorood tho ohotooo of tho ohuoroo ohoo thoy onto ohot tho hoyo om rooming mtttottoo' of tho don-coo uoooo. Tho pol-oootocoo {or cotooory 36 no m to Tohlo a. flu “Homo hotoooo tho «1W oooo otootttooot ot tho .0“ Iovol. Inwfle” ohuom hoo tb Mohoot} onto:- ot W ohoiooo. tho Gonoo ohtul'oo hoo tho “not. ‘ Tho Lotto-ohortooo ohudm hod tho {mot oahor of otofloo to moh oootttutloo ooo town-otory. thou-o hung nttlo autonooo hotoooo tho othor «anon-coon” oo Ito- J, “town-otory rootituttu.” 33 Tohlo 9. Cotooon 38. m m Ponontocoo or ohudron hy looottoo 1o tho throo Ito- oluotoro. 3 . 3 i 3 “'1 "3 " 8 Cd in I u u I 2 n g o g z 0 Q g“ :3: i}: “I“ Cultuto- 3 an a ' I: oo‘ 9““ Mm "‘ " a "‘ " " "‘ " W s i - a: 10:1; :2 75.09... BETH!!! CULTURl-GROUPS 6 ht.75"' Aulo—oooflooo «.1» 8.8 11.) IOOI“."1.' ’60, 13.1 ‘.o. Lott-courteo- 71.0 7o, 20o, Got-o 01.9 7.8 9.) VIII!!! CULTURE-GROUPS Au1o-ooor1ooo I 3 11.53. Knoxvtllo 83.3 ‘o’ ‘Oo. Button “othor 00o. 5.0 13.0 munch" 76.0 15.0 10.0 sooootoovtoo b 1305” Pm "o’ ’Oo. ,o, 5mm“ s'o, Go, 1867 blot-kt 73.7 10.7 15.7 Lotto-notion h .90 lootoo ctty 70.0 8.0 12.0 loo 0’” 7.», ‘o’ ‘.o’ ' Mo to Joootro 70.7 7.) 11.0 Col-oh _ b 3.88 “It.“ .fio. ,o’ ‘0’ Mf‘ “o, ‘o’ ‘Jo’ M‘OB “o. ’o, .o, m ’suuumt n .03 1on1 ”suntflooot ot .01 1on1 "‘umumt ot .001 1on1 3h Anglo-noofloou ohudrou oroto oonoidorohly {our otory oooplottooo 1n ohtoh thou-o no no tootttottoo or oo ooottoo o! It. Ito-o 6,7. 8, ond 9. ohno tho Lotlh-ooouooo oh“... om woro on” huhoot in poroootm of otortoo which end oot opoouy that no dooo rogordtna mutation of tho om- m. Tho Sooodtnovioo ohudroh mto otory oooxplot1ooo thot oot-o ho-ocoooouo 1o thto ootogorn ohoiooo tho otory o.“- ttooo of tho ohnoroo with“ tho thooo othor «now ooro not hooocoooouo oo ohooh by tho otmflooot utmo- croup oht-oquoroo 1o Toh1o 8. was. Wino-.3332: Tho 1too o1ootoro 1o Cotocory 38. oo ooputood ohooo. oooo oot ovo1ootoo. hovortholooo, tho tootooy ohotooo of tho ohndron ohoh "in" about tho rolottoo hotoooo tho too hon to o oontuot ottuotioo ooro coupon-o4 oo oooo 1n TohIo ’. Tho Goon-oh chum-oh podo not-o ohotooo in which tho hoyo ootod to noon! thou on tho cnnam tro- tho othor oulturo- atom. 11-. roodor ohould mu. hooovor, Ithot 1n tho {our othor ootogofloo tho mu... chum-on rothor ems-mu; moo {our W ohoiooo and "I". ohoiooo thot woro m W. Tho Got-ooh ohudron onto ooro otortoo 1o ohtoh tho hon no our m. 1. Cotogory :a.‘ on. sanctum.» mun.» oroto tho [rootoot who: of otory oonplottooo 1o ohtoh tho hon ootoo 1o otooou. thoto poroootooo hotu ooootooooh1y ohovo tho 35 poroohtogoo for tho throo othor oulturo-zroupo. turthor ovtdonoo of tho toguonooo of tho Lotta-ooortoou otory oonp1ot1¢ho ooo ohooh by tho noon pot coat of 10.9 to Ito. 5, “no throruottoh,' which woo o1moot totco tho roopoo. ttvo pot oohto of tho throo othor oulturo-groupo. A1oo oooo 1n Tohlo 9 1o that both tho Lottnnonortoon oulturo-group ohd tho Gornon oulturo—group woro found to Cotocory 38 to ooototo otom1or otory ooup1ot1ooo| whotooo tho two othor oulturo-croupo woro hot hoooooooouo oo indi- ootod by o13h1f1ooht w1th1n-group chtnoquoroo. '1. FINDINGS! CQMRARISOH OI CULTUREdGROUPS BY CATEGORIES ltodlogo oocoodtoo ooch of tho {too ootocootoo ooto ro- portoo to taro to tho prooodlog ooottoo. to tho otoooootoo ho1ow. tho Toooootoo (tndzngo oro owl-ortood to tor-o o! tho tour ou1twoo-oroupo. Tho ooltoro-cooupo woro oooothoo for hoooooootty. Too thooo ootooonoo 1o ohtoh o «non-crow woo oot hoooooooooo, ooo 1ooot1oo ooo round to otooo‘o1ooo oo ooo otdo of tho outflow-group oooo poo ooot on tho m .3‘31.,ooo‘ngfihggggnsghlg,1too:olootoro. Tho 1ooottoo ohooo poo ooot otooo o1ooo woo oollod‘figzgglj. Tho oovtoot 1ooo- ttoo oxo not, howoooo. oocoooortly ootutoto 1to dovtoot po- ottloo ooooiotootly for tho .1; M “on o1ootoro. A chunoqoooo toot ooo hood to ooopooo tho poo ooot of tho oo- vtoht loootloo with tho Iooo pot ooht o! tho too othor loco- ttooo. .Illlllfllllul Hypothoo1o I. thot thooo mu ho «Home» hotoooo tho volooo of tho ohtuooo to o oooportooo of ooltooo-omoo. woo ooooptod. V1thoot oooopttoo tho hotwooo—n‘owp thi- ooooroo woro otmtflooot hoyono tho .001 1on1. thoo tho hotwoon-u-oup oht-oqnooo mono ooto hoto. totomotoo with "con to Hypothooto I tho qooottoo orooo 36 37 whothow o: oot tho dittoronooo withio tho owitwi-o-crowpo woro oo torso oo tho dittoronooo hotwooh ou1turo-oroopo. Ao iodoo for oooporihg tho dirforooooo oootoiood ot oooh 1on1 of tho oooiyoio oowio ho oorivoo (no tho ohi-oquoI-oo oinooy ohtoiooo. siooo tho oopootoo ooiwo of o ohi-oquoro io tto ooowooo of (voodoo. tho rotio oi’ oooh ohi-oqwooo ooo- ooooot to ito ooorooo o! (voodoo oino oo iodoo ot tho oioo of tho ohi-oqworo ohtoiooo. By thio proooouno it woo towoo thot tho ohi-oqworoo ot tho hotwooo-crowp 1on1 woro ooooio- tootiy ot 1ooot twioo tho oioo of tho ohiqnoowotoo ohtoiooo ot hoth tho oithio-ooowp iowoi ood tho toto1 1on1. 1t woo thoo oviooot thot tho withio-gooup ditlorooooo woro ooooio- tootiy o-o11ow thoo tho hotwooo—crowp oiIToI-ooooo. Too thio rooooo oioo. wrothooio 1 woo ooooptoo oo hot" toooh1o. WW Io tho ootogorioo with otoiuotod itoo olwotoro. tho m1o-o-oriooo owitwu-omv. withowt omptioo. hoo tho hoot otooy ooopiotiooo with W hohowior ood tho looot ouhoo with hohooioo thot woo .3 mm. It ohowlo ho ootoo. hooovor. thot tho onio-uootooo ow1toi-o- orowp woo oovow ooooiotoiy {too of 3.3 W oooioi tolwoo. Tho mio-oootiooo owitooo-arowp woo oot o hooocoooowo stoop oo thooo oooo ootoxorioo. hintochoo. loch“. woo tho oovioot ioootioo io oooh of tho tiwo ootooorioo. no". owow. with mpoot to oooioi ooiwoo. on Bio-inhu- ohiidroo -38 Tohlo 10. Anglouoooriooh owlturo-croup loootiooo. Coupori- oon of tho oingio dowioot 1oootion with tho oooh of tho two othor 1oootiooo oo thtoo itoo oluototo of Tiwo ootozorioo. Cotocory Itoo Ito. Itoo Chi- ,1 m . Mo ' (iooui)‘ (aohnlo! (Jo‘nlt) Knoowiiio ohd Boutow norhor 70.0 11.3 9.0 .. Binioxho- ”o, 33o, .o. Ida“ 3'OJWIIIINNINUI ' mu) (noun) mam) Ihowwiiio oo‘ “‘0. Both! .o. 11o, “o, .. 811.1113“- o, “-7 ‘00. t‘o” )3..fllllf.lllliiil~ _ (um) (sun) (hogan) Ioooviiio ooo Bootoo Borhoo 68.7 11.7 10.7 . Bit-inch.- ’ko, "o’ ”o, .o,’ 3‘..lllliillllln 11.1.3553“ (sum (“7.85931“) Iooowi11o olo Bootoo 33M 51.. go, 3903 .o Biniuho. .‘o, .‘o, "o’ ”1" 3|. W (new!) Datum (Jolt) Iooowiiio ooo Bontoo Box-how 01.7 s.) u.o . 811'.in "o. lbo. ‘.o. ‘o’. ‘a-Wmn-qun-mm 'hiooitiooot ot .03 ioooi oo Sicoitiooht ot .01 Iowol 3! ooooiotootiy io oooh of tho ootogowioo. wooto {owow otory oo-plotiowo with W ohoiooo thoo on tho ohiiowow to oithow of tho two Unitoo Stotoo 1oootiooo. Tohio 10 ohowo for tho Augio—oooriooo ouitoro—growp tho oooporioooo o! tho oiocio oowioot 1oootioo with tho wooo of tho two othor 1oootiooo io oooh of tho tiwo ootocowioo. Tho dittomooo hotwoow tho Bio-inch“ otory oooplotiowo out tho otory ooooiotiooo or Bootoo norhoo ooo Miio ohiiowoo woro iw oooh oooo oicoiriooot. WW 1o Tohioo 5. 0. 7. ooo 0 it woo oooo thot tho ohiioooo io tho oooooioowioo owitwoo-mwp woro ooooiotoot1y oooooo io oooh on» to too-o or ooooptohlo noon-i. Thot u. it , woo ooooiotootiy hoiow tho mio-oooriooo «1th io ooooootoooo oi‘ otorioo with W hohwiofl o1oo ooo- oiotootiy loohioo ohowo tho Lotio-mwiooo owo tho nor-oh out-m- Tho sooooioowioo 1oootiooo ooootitwtoo o hoooooooooo mm to film. «mono-t Com-tr )1. Sim ill-1- 11- mm m m coho-r7 3!. W tom- ii-numumoom ... much 3‘. Who In In- x. eotooorr 33. Bon' “automation-o. tho otory oowoiotiooo wowo ownioiootiy oii‘i’oroot to how oroooooo oinitiooot withio-orowp ohi-oowoooo. now-u. lot-ooy. woo tho oowioot ioootioo. hot. woiiho simian-ow. E0 Tohlo 11. Soohdiuotioo ouituwo—group 1oootioho. Cowporioow of tho oiugio dowioot 1oootioo with tho wooo of tho two othor 1oootiouo ow throo itoo olwotoro of two ootooowioo. Cotocory Ito. Ito. , Ito. Chi- 330 m. W cum)‘ (3.31) (hogan) Stookholosooo Ho1oihki 55.7 12.7 3).: u a"... ‘,o’ ‘Oo’ 1.o. ,o’. 33. . noun) (was) Um) boo-ooh out 3.1"“ ’“o. ‘So, . 11o, 8.00m“ 81o, .o, .o’ .o” ‘A-WauthIt-mm ..8i¢nitiooot ot .01 1ovo1 b1 woo oooioot in hoio; hichoot io ito owltwro-orowp in Two- owoooioo of otooioo owproooiu woluoo of W hohowior. 1- can»! 38. WW mun. th- u.- olut-n vor- m mm u ‘0 mm or not W hohovioo.‘ Tohio 9 ohowod thot tho withio-crowp ohi-oquooo too tho Sooooiwovioo ow1twro-coowp io Cotocory 30 woo oiooitiooot ot tho .01 1owo1. Toh1o 11. howovoo. ohowo thot whoo otoohhoio woo oonporoo with tho oooh of Moo-- ... no 3.1.1.11. tho «not»... wooo oot oiuiflooot. " W W. In tor-o of woiuoo oopoooooo oo W hohowior. tho Lotio-ooowiooo owitwoo-ctowp ooooiotowtiy nohoo thio-o. hoiow tho Auto-ooooiooo ooo Sooooioowiow owitwoo-owowpo ooo ohowo tho Gomo mutton-amp. Tho Lotio-ooooiooo ohiioooo woro oooopiowowoiy oiwoo- coot too- tho ohiioooo of tho othor «:1th io o- oothoo woopoot. Io oooh of tho Tito ootooooioo ohowo io Tohioo 5. 6. 7. 8. own! 9. tho Lotio-ooowiooo ohiioooo wwoto tho hiohoot looqwoooioo of otory ooow1otiooo thot wooo moo. o'ot o1ooo. thot hoo oo iolorwotioo. or thot owittod wootioo of tho hon. Tho lotio-oooriooo ohiioooo ooot (toqwootw OM04 tho W1iot oitwotloo. Tho Lotio-oooi-iooo «unto-group woo o howocoooowo m on tho ooo ootocooy moh woo oot. owoiuotoo oo to “- am or 111 mm bob-M”. County 38. mm] m m m “go. Oh tho Toul- roooioioc ootocooioo. 102 Toh1o 11. Lotio-ooooiooo owitwro-goowp 1oootiooo. Coopooi- ooo of tho oin¢1o dowioot loootion with tho wooo of tho two othor 1oootiowo oh throo itoo oiwotooo of {our ootogorioo. Cotooory Itow» Itow Ito. AChi- 31 ]fi.|.‘:.,1|fi.|j. ~ ' uum‘ mum) mum hooioo City ooo Goo ono 3.0. 33-3 ‘7', ooo “. ‘. JIIC‘UC "o’ ,.o. ..o7 ‘7o,. 3!. W : 1.3m mom) ' (sum) hooioo City on! 5.. ’3.“ .5o, 53o, .Io’ .. m. d. 33.01” “In, 33o, I5o3 1,0” 3, ‘fllll’ 0 ' (11101) (3:11) (boson!) hooioo City ooo 3.. J“.' ,‘o, 18o. 50o, .. Rio»oo Joooioo 50.7 f 11.3 30.0 11.31 :6..looiiioiiolw tho'omu’ ‘51“, “.7.“,1u’ hooioo git: ooo " ' . , ’. . .O. “I. o o o nio’oo Joooioo 3).: o.o 61.7 1o.ob“‘ ‘t-Wsn-mWII-mmm “si¢uiti..oo ot .01 1ow01 "'s:¢oitiooot It .001 1owo1 B2 ‘Tohlo 11. Lotio—oooriooo owitwro-coowp 1oootiooo. colpori- ooo of tho oin¢1o dovioot 1oootioo with tho wool of tho two othor 1oootiooo ow throo itoo oiwotoro of tour ootogowioo. Cotooooy Itoo+ Itoo Ito. Chi- 31 mm m. . (looaoi‘ (311011) (300:1!) looioo C1ty ooo Boo ono 0.0 5303 17', ooo u. ‘. J.”‘“ o, ,.o. ..o7 ‘7o’. 3!. W - . lotto) (Stbsli) (506011) hooioo City ooo 5.“ M .So, ”o, .‘o, .. Rio ‘0 Joooiwo 51o, 33o, 25o) 1’0” 330.3III’ - (lotto) ‘31113 (hosnlo) Iowioo City ooo ooo ono 31.7 10.0 50.3 .. zio»oo Joooioo 50.7 11.3 30.0 11.31 ,‘o.lllllllllllfi 11.1.3030” ‘31“, (0.7.80.9.1“) Uooioo city ooo to. M ‘,o’ .o, ,“o. ... 1110 ‘. Joni" ,’o, ~o. ‘to’ ‘~o“ 'A-W n-mmmnu III-mm "oiooitiooot ot .01 um ...oi¢oitiooot ot .001 1ovo1 '53 Tohlo 11 ohowh thot Rio do Joooioo woo tho «vioot ioootioo io thot tho ohiioooo {ooo thio 1...»... wooto otory «opio- tiooo wowo (ohowo-t1: oootoioiu W ohoiooo thoo on tho ohiioooo (ooo too ono ooo nooioo City. “W 1o Tohioo 3. 6. 7. ooo o it woo oooh thot tho ohiuwoo {woo tho Goo-ooh «:1th ooooiotootiy ooohoo towwth in tho m1wotoo ito- o1wotooo of W hohowiow. Tho oo- oio1 wo1ooo of tho Gono- ohiuooo oo owioooooo hy thoir ohoiooo woo-o 1ooot (moo-ti: W. to tho oooo tohioo it woo o1oo oooh tint tho Goo-woo ohi1oooo ooooiotootiy woohoo hiohoot 1o ‘1. W hohooior. ThoOoo-ooowitwro-coowpwoohooooooooooowoooooto- our. cot-our 38. W mmm- 0' “'0 Tow: othoo ootooooioo. looioowho woo towoo to ho tho oooioot 1oootioo. Mo 13 0500.. 01.0 tho Iol'lot'who 011111000. wooto lowor otory oonhtiooo oootoioioo W ohoiooo ooo ooro otory ooopiotiooo oootoioioo m W ohoiooo thoo on on. mu... to... when no fluioh. Won flnothooio 11 woo thot tho «11th wow“ ho Towoo to ho hoooooooowo oo tho {in ootocorioo. Iootooo. 0h Tohio 13. Got-ooo «11th ioootiooo. cooootiooo of tho oio¢1o dovioht 1oootion with tho oooo of tho two othor 1oootiooo oo thooo itoo o1ootooo of (ooo ootooorioo. cotooooy Itoo» Itoo 10.. Chi. h__ohII0I1II-o—_a-o—IlI20IIo-__1I0g1Il....allhglllh.—IIIIIIL 1 [I‘llgzlfl‘lfiglt. 3 . - (11101” (3131:!“ Editor. ooo Nflfl103 38.0 53.3 lor1oowho 13.3 66.0 SI.‘£oonoI1oI11. . , iooai) (300181) Hoohoro ooo nuoioh ,So, 5”, looiorwho 11.3 66.0 30.73omo' , (111:1) (3-1.1) BUIbeI ooo “10“.“ 37o. ..o7 Iowloooho ”o. ' 16.0 350.310113Ifillle “.'g"~&l ’ "0‘A’ Hohhot. ooo Huo1oh 11.7 16.0 looioowho 13.3 11.7 W ‘4 W (356:3!) 0.7 . (solar!) ll.) no.7 7.5b‘ (its!!!) 00.3 ’39. 79,. . t‘o7oa‘9l‘l) 61.3 76.0 6.oo° A .‘ “.fiflflllllllll “ '.lllulllllilllll “ ‘.EIIHIIIIIIIII. .siooitiooot o0 .03 1ovo1 b5 tho ow1taoo-oroupo hooo hooo ohowo to ho hotoooooooowo io tho to11owio3 owohoo of ootocooiooi Aoo1o-ooooiooo 5 Sooooioovioo 1 Lotio-ooooiooo fl Gooooo t Hypothooio 11 thoootooo hoo to ho ooJootoO. VII. DISCUSSION OF BINDINGS with tho ooooptoooo of. Hypothooio 1 thot thoro woro oil- torooooo hotoooo tho owltwro-crowpo out! with tho roJootioo or Hypothooio II thot thowo woo-o oo oitforooooo within tho ooitwmo. tho qwootioo ohoo1d ho oohodi To whot woro thooo dittooooooo om oohoohtoo ond hio oooooiotoo m). 1o oooowotioc orooooowitwooi oopooioooto oo throot ooo ooJoo— tioo. ouoootoo thwoo poooihio ooplohotiooo whoo thoy towoo ow1twwo1 dittooooooo. lint. tho dinooooooo ooy ho loo to ooporioooto1 ortii‘ooto. which in thio otaoy wooio ho tho Tootho11 story itooit ooo tho ooooitiooo wodoo whioh it woo odoioiotoooo. sooooo. tho dittorooooo ooy ho «no to o oooo ooopioo niotiooohip thoo woo oricioouy owppoooo whoo tho oritorio for toning tho owituro-orowpo woro ooooiooroo. Thin, tho oittooooooo ooy ho duo to o-otwo1 ooitwwoi ditto:- ooooo. Iooh o! thooo oop1oootiooo wi11 ho ooooiooI-oo io ton. Iopooioootoi ootitooto whioh oowio ooooihiy hovo oo- ooootoo for tho ow1toro1 dittowooooo ton-o io thio otwoj wowio hovo hooo opoI-otivo 1o ooy ooo or ooworoi orooo. oo- oioiotrotioo of tho Moo-ooo Ioooopioto storioo. tho ooopio of ohi1dooo «thou-00 ooo iooioooo. io tho oooinio. or tho lootho11 story itooit. Tho ioooopioto otooioo woro odoioio- toood io oooh 1ooot1oo hy 1ooo1 rooooooh toooo drown (ooo woivoroity otoi’t ooo otwdooto io poyohoiooy ooo oowootioo. Tho Aoooroooo troiooo tho toooo. ooo. with ooo ooooptioo. 06 5? pot-ooooiiy ouporviood tho doto oo11ootioo in tho o1ooot-oooo. Tho «to woro oo11ooto¢i wodor otohdordiood. oootrouoo. ooo hoowo oooditiooo (3). Tho odoihiotrotioo o: tho ioooopioto otooioo oooo oot oppooo to hovo hooo o oouroo of omo. Rout-ding tho ooopio, oo1y ”tooth-cm chiioooo woro ioolhood 1o tho proooot otooy, tho onhoro of hoyo ooo girio hoioc oppoooiootoiy oqwoi. 1o oooh 1oootioo tho ooopio io- o1wdoo ohiidroh {ooo tho highoot. oiddlo. ooo 1owoot oooio- ooooooio groupo. with thooo oootroio. dittooooooo hotwooo tho 1oootiooo 0o thooo Mot-Phio vorioh1oo woro oioioiooo to oooooo oowrooo of won: in tho ooopiioo. lol- thio otody. o voodoo ooopio woo (now (too tho toto1 an for tho 11 1oootiooo. thiio thio oooiyoio ooo oopoot woro hio pron-ooo. oahooquoot oooiyooo of tho toto1 ooto for tho Tootho11 Story woro oooplotod. Tho tiooiuo for tho toto1 doto ooo tho ooodooiy-drowo doto woro oot oiooioiioo. Thoo.'tho ooodooiy-drowo doto woro or outfioioot ouhooo to hovo hooo ooooitivo to out! iodiootioo of tho ioootioo trohoo woportod. Tho thioo oroo who” oo ooporioooto1 ootitoot ooo1d howo , hooo o oigoitiooot oootoihwtoo oi' omn- io in tho roothoii Story itooit. oo- t'othor. tho woiiohi1ity ooo vo1idity of tho ohi1droo'o ooopiotiooo o1ioitoo hy tho Tootho11 Story. Tho trooitiooo1 toot-"toot onto-oooh to oooowrioo woii- ohiiity or otohiiity o1 woopooooo to tho Aooorooo Ioooopioto storioo loodo to dittioo1ty hoooooo of oooooy TootoI-o. Goiorhooo (16). "porting oo o rotoot ottoo o powiod of two to wooho, found Kooioruho ohiidron rowt-itiog thoir originoi oooplotiono to tho Loot Hoot Story (labor a. sot-ioo A). with oooo ohiidron woinc tho oooo wording. Rotooting ottor 1oo¢or poriodo io not dooiroh1o for o finding of iirtoronooo io oooplotiooo oould ho ottrihutobio to growth ond dovoiop- oontoi Tootoro oo wo11 oo to low roiiobi1ity of tho iootru- oont. tot-y iittio intornoi oonoiotoooy in otory ooopiotiono o! individooi ohi1doonvwoo Iownd by Tordo1 (33) in working with ohiidron‘o ooopiotiono to tho Toothoil story. tho Loot Moot story. ond tho Btohoo no story (luhoi' t, sorioo a). Thio iiodino ooy ho dwo to tho toot thot tho dittoroot in- ooopioto otooioo oiioit dittooont noponoo toodoooioo hy portooyiu dittoooot oonfliot oituotiooo or it ooy ho dwo to tho root thot tho AodoI'ooo Inooopioto storioo hovo 1ow roliohility. on o1tooootiwo opproooh for oooowoiu roiiohiiity. ooo whioh io on odoptotioo of tho toot-"toot toohoiquo. io to hold ooo oonotoht ooo to drown ooopioo o! ohiidooh {ooo tho oooo popuiotioo ot diltoront tiooo. 1n o otudy thot io now hung proporod tor puhiiootioo, ooopioo o! opprooiootoly 300 oovoothocrodo ohi1dI-oo woro drown {too tho oooo roooo in tho oooo oohoo1o in tho oooo ooighhorhoodo in Hunioh. Got-ooy. in 193“ ond ocoio in 1960. Thoro woro oo oinii'ioont dil- ‘ tot-ooo“ hotoooo ohiidoon Toto thooo two ooopioo in thoir ooopiotiooo to tho Toothoii story. Thuo. thooo dooo oppon- to ho oooh P011ohility to tho 100th“. Story. 09 Cohoorhinc validity, Iarhor (1!) (and Ilioohorc ao dio- ouoood in laohoo) ougcooto that ooholaoiono toaarding nation. at oharaotor aro ooooohat ooro valid it tho {iodihgo tro- ooo otudy acroo with tho rooulto of oovoral othor otudioo obtain- od indopohdontlyt Two otudioo ohioh oooo to havo aioo quito oioilar to thooo of tho prooont otudy aro thooo roportod by [actor (is) old laldoco (an). [arbor 113) POood tho following quootiow to Unitoo statoo and Iogiioh ihourahoo olorkoovA;pooporly hooudht-up ohiio ohouid ho...“ Tho Britioh and Aoorioao pottorho or roopouooo to tho quootioh oooo quito oitroront. Although tho di-ouoioao larhor otudiod woro not oxaotly tho oo-o oo thooo of thio otudy. tho ioportaht toot io that ho roportod ooooiotoht and oigoitioant dittorohooo io oooial vaiuoo or hio Britioh and A-orioah oohJooto. It ohouio ho womanhood that in tho proooht otudy tho Bit-inchaw ohiioroh woro oicc hitioahtly dittoroht tron tho Uhitod Statoa ohixdroh in all tioo oatocorioo that woro oxaoihod. Ialdogg (I!) aoolyood tho rooponooo of Got-on had 3&8- lioh ooooodaty oohool hoyo to a proJootivo toot, coin. hoyo of tho oamo ago ao tho ohildroh iooiudod to tho prooout otudy. Ho found that tho Cowman hoyo ohowod o.Iarkod anx- ioty ovor wrong doing. woro in high acroonoht that oovoro punioh-oot oao tho only ooqooooo to an ottonoo. and in 3.0.. ta! onphaoiaoo locativo iotorporoooal toiatiohohipo. Oh tho othor hand, tho Englioh hoyo woro hora ioaiout. oooooootuily adapt“ poniohnoht to moot tho oituatioh. ohoood croator so {loxihility in thoir roopohooo, and tohdod to onphaoiao ooro pooitivo intorporoohal rolatiohohipo. Tho tihdihgo of Kal- dogc aro not at all unliko thooo roportod in tho proooht otudy Uhoro tho Gornau ohildron woro conoiatoatly round to rank hichoot in m M ohoiooo and lowoot in m- .3.h}.,ohoioooo Tho.Ah¢lo-aoorioan ohildrou woro on tho op- pooito outrono. hoiu oonoiotootly loooat in m M valuoo and hichoot in W valuooo Within tho Anglo- a-orioah owlturo-group. howovor. tho Birmingho- ohildrol rahkoo ahoro tho Unit“ statoo ohildrou on as, W ito-o and holoo oh‘.gg.n§.nlg,itouoo Thooo too otuoioo takoh torothor otror ovidoaoo for oohtir-atiou or validity of tho tiadiugo roportod horoio. Tho ooooad oaplahation ottorod by Sohaohtor and hio ao- oooiatoo (to) ooo that tho cultural difforohooo night to duo to a Ioro oo-plox rolatiohohip than wao originally ouppoood who- tho oritoria for forming tho oultwro-croopo ooro ooo- oidorodo Ono factor which Cattoll (3) did not inoludo in tho oritoria can a ooooidoration o! tho hotorogoooity of a culturOo Ahaotaol (i) hao indicatod that dooorlptioho of no- tiooal oharaotor roprooont tho nodal or out Iroquoat por- oooality pattorno within owlturooo Thoro any ho varying do- crooo of doviatioo around a Dodo by individualo and ouh— croupoo tho poihta out that tho oatoat oi‘ hotorogouoity of bohavioral pattorno within a oulturo may itaoli' ho rosarood 51 ao ooo important aopoot of national oharaotoro lo dioouooihg hoharioral pattorno rolating to child roaring practiooo withio tho Unitoo statoo, Soaro, Naooohy, ohd Louie (30) lodioatod that thoro io oo uniformity» Thoy oaio that ”airforooooo or othoio origin. of oooio-ooooooio V otatuo. aho ol family oiao all ooatrihuto to tho croat ra- rioty of valuoo and praotioooo“ coooidoratioo of oultural hotorocooaity io roloraht in tho proooot otuoy to tho tor-atioo of tho oulturo—grouaoo Tho looatiooo uoro orrahaoo into oulturo-croupo on tho haoio ot tho oi-ilarity of thoir roopootivo oouotrioa, hot oa tho haoio of tho oi-ilarity of tho looatiooo (with tho ohoiooo ooooptioo of tho Goroao oitiaa). Cultural hotorocoooity woo not tatoo iota aooouht. rorhapo for thio roaooo tho oulturo- croupo ooro not holocohoouo groupo or looatiohoo with a;oo- dal raluo of a auahor or looatiooo (roostho oa-o oouhtry,‘ rathor than a oiuclo looatioo drawn from a hotorocoooouo oulturo, porhopo tho oulturo-croupo oould ho hooogohoouoo Tho third olplahatioo ottorod hy Sohaohtor and hio ao- oooiatoo woo that tho oittorohooo ooy havo hooo too to act- ual oultural dittoroooooo Dario and Havighurot (a) potatod out that althouth thoro aro poroooality'oittorooooo hotoooo individualo oithio a oulturo. thoro aro aloo oaoy oioilari- tiooo Tho oold of oulturo porooatoo through all. oottihg tho lioito and dotonihinc Iodoo of adJuot-‘ooto St , In tho prooont otudy oohoiotoht and alanitloaht cultural oifl’oroaooo woro roportod hotwoon tho groups of looatioooo- Cortaih ot thooo dittorooooo ooro on a dioohoioo of oooial Voluooo Io intorprotation of {indiuo io froo fro- oultural hiao. and tho oraluatioh plaood on thooo findinga to an opoh quootioo. opoh to tho iotorprotatioh of tho roaoor. VIII. SUE-Emu? Tho Andorooh Incomploto Storioo haro boon adminiotorod to ohildroh in oight oouotrioo opoahing ooroh languazooo For thio otudy data hora boon takoh from childroh in tho twolvo prioolpal looatioho in tho oicht oountriooo Complotiono to tho football Story, tho fifth otory in sorioo A, woro orit- too hy 5,068 oovohth-grado ohildroh in thoir hatiro laugh. a¢oo and traholatod iota Inglioh. For thio otudy iso oovohthmgrado ohiidroo. 73 hoyo and 75 cirla. with too olnoptioho. woro drawn in random ordor fro. tho pool of otory oooplotiono fro. oaoh of tho toolro looatioho liotod holooo Tho looationo woro arrangod into four ouituro-crohpo ao follow-t Anglo-anorioao'oulturoogroupt Baotou Harbor; niobi- gang Knoxvillo, Touuooooog and air-inch“, Inglohdo Scandi- oariao oulturo-groupl Holoinki, Finland; bra-ooh, Ioruayl ohd stookholn. Swodono Latin—anor'iooh oulturo-croupt horioo City. San Juan. tuorto Rico; and Rio do Jaooiro, Braailo Gorloo oulturoocroupt harloruho. Haohurg, aad humidh. Ooh-aoyo Tho two ai-o of tho otudy ooro to dotorniuo if tho oo- oial voluoo of tho ohildroh difforodlhgsgggg,tho oulturoo groupo and to dotoroiho if tho oooial roluoo of tho ohildroh . fro- looatloho m oulturo-qroupo difforod frol- ooo a- oothor. Thooo prohloao woro otatod ao hypothooool Hypothooio It Thoro aro difforonooo hotoooo ohlturo- [I'CIIPI o 53 5b Hypothooio lIt Looatiouo do not diffar within a oulturo-croupo Iiro aatocorioo aaoprioino 35 ltooo woro uoad for oa- dihc and rooordinc tho otory oooplotiooa to tho Football story. Oartaih ito-o in tho oodiuc oatocoriao woro arrangod iota oluotoro olaoaifiad ao W, m M or m M in tom of hypothooiood and dofiood ooaial raluoo. haaodxoowooooral cultural aopootatioao of ohildroo in tho Unitad statooo Tho froquooaioo of talliao in tho itoo oluotoro woro oo-parod by a oothod of aoalyaio uolnc tho aoopooooto of tho totol ahi-oquaroo Thio Iothod proridod.a.looho of tootiuo Hypothooio I with tho hotuoauocroup ohi-oquaro oolpohooto and Hypothooio II with tho within-groupvohi-oquoro ooopou- ootoo Hypothooio I that thoro woro diffarauoao hotwooo tho raluoo of tho ohildroo fro- tho difforaot oulturo-croupo ooo aaooptodo Without orooptioo tho hotwooo-group obi- oquaroo woro oiaoifioaot hoyood tho oOOl larol. Tho rank ordor of oulturo-croupo in aoooptahla oooial raluoo woo. l. Anglo-aworioaog i. Soaodioaviaol 3. Latin-aoorioao; and h, Goo-ooo Hypothoolon ooo that tho oulturo-croupo would ho found to ho ho-ocohoouo on tho fira oatocoriao anal-load. III- otoad, tho oulturo-croupo woro found to ho hotorogonoouo in tho following ou-hor of oato¢orioot Aogla-aoorioah. firo. Soaodihaviao. two) Latin-aurioah. four) and Gar-ah. four. 55 Hypothooio II that tho ohildran within tho aano oulturo- groupo would oako oioilar ohoiooo and hold oinilar oooial raluoo whon writing thoir otory oooplotiono was not ouppor- tado Iaoh oulturo-croup had ono looation doriaht from tho two othor-o Dovlont location. high ln aoooptablo ooolal raluoo uoro Bran-on and Rio do Janoiro. daviant loaatiaho low in aaooptahlo oooial raluoo woro Biroinghoo and Karlo- Mo lo 3. B. 5. 7o 9. 10. 11o REFERENCES Ann-nu. A- W W- (third 04-! N0- York: Macmillan, 1958. Anaotzoi, A. W W. Now Yorln Macmillan. 195 . Andoroon. H. H. d indoroon, G. L. Childron'o porooptiono of oocial conflict oituationol a otudy of adolaocont children in Gummy. W Journal at W- m 195“t 35.. 156-257. Andoroon, H. u. d Andoroon, G. L. Cultural roaationo to conflict: a otudy of adolaocant ohildron in ooron coun- triao. In G. u. Gilhort (Edd W n W and W W. mum Hag: Foundation for Mantal Hygiana, Uniroroity of Tosca. l” . Andoroon, R. B. d Andarooo. G. L. loaca of tho taaohor hy adoloocont childroo in oovon oountriao. A papar pro- oontod to tho Anorican Orthopoychiatrlc Aooociation. Chic-cc. Fobmrr 17. 1960. W at ann- W (Aoooptod for publloa o “0...“. no no. A“."“. Go Lo. 30”“. 1o Ho ‘ ”U‘.. to n. loaaa of tho toachar hy adolaocont ahildran in four aountriool Garoany, tncland. Maniac. Unitod Statoo. M II. m Wt 1’59o at “7.55. Aodoroon, B. a. a Andoroon. G. l... with tho aooiotahoo of lrichaon, B. I. oxlriokoon, D. J. A coding Iahual for tho Football Story, Aos. Unpuhliohod naouocript, Michi- can ,stata Unirorolty, laot Lanai-g, hiohigan. 1,60. Cattall, a. 8. Tha principal culturo pattarno diooorarahla in tho oyntal dioonoiono of oniotinc nationo. .m If. mm W. 1950. 11. 815-253. Dowio. U. A. & Bavighurot. R. J. Mat 8&1: an M all: In W- 3'3"”! ”“fl‘lo‘ 7. Dian-Guorroro, R. Haurooio and tho Mooican faoily otruo- ::;-o W m it W 1955. ill. on- 1 W. low York. Aooricano corporation. 9570 . 36 12o 13o lit. x 15. 16. 17. 18o 19o 21o 1). Rh. 5? larhor, M. L. Inclioh and Aoorioaoog a otudy in national aharactaro m It W. 1951, 32, rhlotlw. larhor. M. L. Encliah and Amorioanoi valuoo in tho oo- otouutuu woo-u- mm at; W 1933. it. : 3-250o Ioohay. A. w. lraluating oooial loarning.‘§h§1§hglflfllflur mm: 1’h9o no ‘5'"- lrank, L. I. Proiootivo nothodo for tho otudy of paroch- alitro mm of. W. 1939. 1. 389-511. Ooiorhaao. F. G. Problooa of roliahility in ovoluatiac otory complationo about oooial oonflioto by Goroon ado- laooont ohildron. M. A. thooio. Niohicao Stato Unitar- oity, Iaot Lancing, Michigan, 1955. Bartohorno. u. o ooy, A. u. m‘a mm. 'noo York: Haonillah, 1928. ‘ Bohar. R. I. A oroooooultural compariaon of ohildron'o Judgnont of paront-child conflict in nor-any, lngland. Finland. Unitod Statoo and Mooico., n. A. thaoia. hiohlgan Stato Univorolty. loot Lanoinc, Michigan. 1955. Brain-U. 1). mt m :1. III“: '30- York: him. 9 9- , . ,‘ . Honicoann J. J. W“ W. low York! har- p... 1953. ' . , Jooay. 0. C. a Scygg, n. Tho plaoo of poycholooy in tho dovolopoont of valuoo. In w. Wolff d J. A. Proctor (nan). Miami-WW! W! manna on lung. mun ua- lo in Y0?“ Gruoo d Stratton. 1950. Kaldooo. A. Rooponooo of Goroon and luglioh oacondary aohool hoyo to a prciootioo toot. m m at W. 19“. 3.9.. 30—53. Kloo. Jo Bo lxporiohoo and ooloction. In W. wolf: A J. .A- Puck-r fld-do mnWMn n:- ulna. lanolin an - lamina-l- How York: Gruno d Strattoo, 1950. Loritor. I. 8. Tho brokon hicyolol a oooparotiro otudy of otory complotioha by adcloooonto in Unitod Statoo and cor-an oitiao. H. A. thaoia. Goorgo woohington Unitar- C‘.’. Haohingtou D. Ca. 196°o 15o l‘o I7o V "t 13°o / ,1a 38o V 33o 3‘5. 3,0 58 Hatt. I. I. An ovaluation of tho national charaator oon- oopt in oooiologioal thoory. mm um. ”58. 1t. '97-’93. Plant. J. 5- Manitoulin-lama low York: Coo-oowoalth Fund. 1937. Rand Corporation. A ulna m m hill: mm In; W. Glonooo. lllinoiot lrao Prooo. 1955. which. n. manual-Ia owl-mum. "Ih‘Ifl..I Do Co. Publio lftfihfl POOII. 1’55a sohaohtar. 5.. luttoo. J..Da hanohauo. c..hauoorpo. P. 1.1.. Donor. Do. Duijhor, 3.. Ron-otroit, no. a lorool. J. Crooo-cultural ooporioonto an throat and raJaction. Emu W 1955. 1.. boa-II”. 5..'.. R. no. u..."’. to to. "L.'1.. Ho.fl|§fl.fl|flH.‘ m m. lraootoo. llliooioi Row. rotarooo. 1937. 8.‘1“.g Ca. J‘h.‘.. no. DCU‘.... no. ‘ 000k. 3a 'a mini mum ("fl-0‘ «.3. not York. Hanry Holt, l959o siagol. s. Emmi“. 13.3““.- n: 3‘. W “no. how York. hoarow-Hill. 19 . Tordal, L. a. A orooo-oultural otudy of variability in valuo ao a fuootlon of oituotiooal difforanoao. l. A. thooio. Michigan atato Univoroity. toot Lancing. hiohi- “a. ‘9‘10 Volkar. H. u. o Lav. J. WW. low for!" Hoary Holt. in). thiting. J. I. h. o child. 1.. L. W“ nu:- WI a _ - otudy. law Karon: falo Uni- roroity Prooo.tl933. APPENDIX A .21IISII2nIHlIIHIflI1B1IIiI1nIHIhIwAnSlllllnllfllllllilufillltll Hora aro oi: ohort otorioo. Boyo and girlo in othor Anorioan oohoolo on wall an in Gar-any, Noxioo. and England haro aloo writton thooo otorioo. Road what happono in tho otory. than writo what. in your «opinion. happano hoot. an your inagination. Urita olaarly. but do not try to writo hoautifully. Try to writa ao quiokly or you can. If you Anaho a.niotaho. otriko out tho word and continua i-Iodiatoly. You will not bo gradod for thooo otorioo. Your taaohor, tho principal. and othor toaoharo in thio oohool will not oron got to ooo thooo otoriao. Ho do not want you to put your nano on tho papor. irito honootly what you roally think. If your nano is not on tho papar. you ooy oron urito oono- thing ohioh you would not tall to a toachor or to anyona aloo. I will notvhand out tho for-o. You noad not look at oooh othar'o paporo ao tho:o aro no right or wrong anoworo. You aaah haro onough hangination to writo for youroolroo. (Hand out tho paporo. Tho toaohor doao not participata.) 0n tho top of tho firot pago ploaoo urito tho data of your birth. Urita tho month, tho day and tho yaar. liko thio (writo on tho board) Juno h, 19kg. Than writo how old you woro on your laot birthday (writo 13). Hon oako a crooo aftor boy or girl. Urita tho na-a of your oohcol and giro your oohool grado. Urito what church you attond. or if you do not attond ohuroh. writo‘ngng. lhon you writa tho ooou- potion of your fathar. do not writo tho naoo of tho nonpany. hut tho kind of work ho dooo, liko oarpontor. laboror. book- hoopor. If your-othor wo'rho away tron ho-o. writo what oho dooo. 0thorwioa writo hono. If you road tho firot otory you will ooo that thorn aro oono quootiono at tho and. Plaaoa think about thooo quoo- tiono. but do not try to'anowar than ano by ona. Thooo quootiono aro put thoro to holp you finioh tho otory. than you finioh tho firot otory. continua with tho nont otory without dolay. If I (toot adniniotrator) go through tho aiolao I on not trying to look at your papor and road what you hora writtan. I will only ooo how far you haro pro- 00““t Try to finioh all air (fira) otoriao. You will hara tho ontiro pariod. Do you hora any quootiono? If you cannot road a uord. or if you haro a quootion. or nood a ponoil. ploaoo raio your hand and I will than oono to Your oaat. And now aro youxroadyt If no. roady. otart. 59 60 WWW stilt. A , lo lrank and Potor aro walking to ochool. huddaniy_lrank grabo Pator'o cap and thrown it high up into tho noaroot troo no that Potor could not roach it with hio band. frank had noror dono anything liko thio bofaro. Noithor had frank and rotor quarrolod with aach othor tho day boforo. Why did Frank do thio? What dooo frank think? that dooo rotor do? How dooo Patar fool about it? Think about thooo quootiono. than m tho otory quiakly with a for oontoncoo. I. uiohaol'o nothor oondo bin to tho otoro to got ono pound of wionoro. 0n tho way hono ho puto tho packago of noat on tho odgo of tho oidowalk and playo for a abort tino with hio friondo. A ohophord dcgo darto forward quickly. olawo half tho wianaro out of tho packago and ruohoo away with than. hichaol wrapo up tho ronaining wianoro and takoo than homo. that dooo Micbaol any to hio nothor? What dooo hio nou- thor do? how dooo Hichatl than fool about it? Think about thooo quantiono, thon‘fiiniflh tho otory quiokly with a for oontonooo. 3. Tho toaohor ouddanly diocororo that fifty canto hao dioa- ppoarod fron bar dock. aha loako up and oooo that all tho ' olaoo aro working on thoir arithnatio. so. wandoro what hap- ponod to tho nanoy and what who obould do. that dooo tho tonohar do? , m thio otory aloo with a fan oontoncoo. Toll what happonod to tho nonoy and aloo onaotly how tho toachor foolo and what oho dooo. t. Suoan io oitting in tho liring roan working on har hono- work. auddonly aha ranonboro har nothar'o now coat. aha wondoro how aha would look in it. Vhon taking tho coat off who naticoo that oho had got oono ink opoto on hor nothor'o now coat. Juot ao Buoan in trying to wipo out tho ink opoto bar nothor ontoro tho roan. what dooo bar nothar way? that dooo ouoan oay‘l now do thoy bath fool about it? what dooo oooh ona do? Think about thooo quootiono and m thio otory quickly with a fan oontonaoo. 5. Goorgo and Ton aro playing with a football. Thoy know that thoy ohould not play football on tho narrow apnea in front of tho houoo. Goorga giroo tho ball a otrang kick and tho ball hito a window and liaison a big crack in it. Tan thought that oonoano had appaarod hohind tho window. lo ano could haro ooon who had kickod tho ball againot tho window. m thio otory with a fow oontonoao. Toll how tho two hoyo folt about it and what thoy did. 61 6. Batty oftan handod in bar howowork oowpoaition lato to tho toaohor. Thia ti-o it wao an oapooially iapartant oonpoaio tion. and aha had. woroovor. finiahod it. On tho way to aohool aha loat hor oowpooitiaa book and aauld not find it IG’UhOFIo What dooo Batty aay to bar toaohor? that dooo tho taaohor aay? Think about thooo quoatioha and t;n‘.fl,thia otory with a fow aontonooa. sorioa a l. nary'a grandmothor garo bar a boautiful you for hor thirtoonth birthday. Ono day. Hary‘a wothor oawaa in with flowora whioh aha puta in tho vaao. Sho plaooa tho raao in tho window. though aha knowa tho window lodga ia too narrow for thio taao and that it might fall off. Aa hor nothor lo duating, aha bumpa tho vaao and it oraohoa to tho floor and broaka. thila Hary'a wothor ia in tho kitohon gatting a aioth, Mary roturno frow aohool and finda tho vaao in piocoa CD tn. {IOCPa that dooo nary do? now do thoy both foal about it? that dooo tho uothor aay? Think about thooo quoatiowa and ‘1.igh,thia otory quiokly with a fow aoatonooa. a. John workod hard and bought a now biayolo with hia waaoy. Ono Saturday, whilo John to playing with frionda. John'a fathor dooidoa to rido thio bioyolo to tho atoro to buy oigu arottaa. Ho loaroa tho hioyola in tho atroot. than ho ooaoa out of tho atoro ho finda tho front whoal boot and aowo of tho paint on tho frawo badly aorapod. no ooo ia around. Tho fathor oould atill rido tho bioyola halo. that dooa tho fathor do? that dooo John do? How do thoy both fool about it? Think about thooo quoationa and m tho otory quickly with a fow oontanooa. 3. Tho toaohor haa pro-load tho olaaa that if thoy work hard during tho laat wonth of tho torn thoy will haro ooo day off to wako a apooial trip. sororal thooo during tho laat wonth tho taaohor talka about thio trip. Tho childron want to.wako thio trip and thoy work wary hard. How it to tho laat wook of tho torn and thoro ia no tuna for a trip. that dooo tho toaohor do? that do tho ohildron think. and how do thoy fool about it? Think about thooo quoationa and m tho otory quickly with a fow aontanoaa. h. harbort roooivod for hio thirtoonth birthday a handaooo oamping aro. It to aharp and haa a atrong laathor oaaa. Uhilo Earhart to at aohool hio four-yoar-old hrothor, Billy.~ oooa tho aro. looka at it a long tiwa. pioka it up. puta it 6! hack. and finally takoa it outdoora with hi- to play. Billy dooa not tako tho oaao off. no ainga to hinaolf aa ho walka about tho gardan, tapping tho aro gontly againat a troo. a poat. and tho para-ant. Earhart oonoa howo from aohool. finda tho aro in ita loathor oaaa with aooa othor toya. But ho aooa that tho aao haa out through tho loathor oaao and tho blado ia ohippod and bluntod. that dooo Harbort do? How dooo Rorhort fool about it? Think about thooo quoatioaa and t;nigh,tha otory quickly with a low oontonooo. 5. Kata. agod l) yoara. baa a littlo foor-yoar-old aiator. Clara. Vhon Kata oonoa haoo fraa aohool Clara ofton wanta to play with bar and follow bar and bar oldor girl frianda around. Ono day Clara took a vary protty now droaa fro- Kato'a wardrobo. put it on horaolf, and lookod in tho airror. It woo too long and hung to tho floor. Sho gatharod up tho akirt in bar arna and want out of tho houao for a walk. Kata oano hono fro. aohool. found bar now droaa orunplod on a ohair. Tho akirt had boon atoppod on and draggod in tho dirt. Clara aaid, "I woro your drooa.“ that dooo Kata do? that do Kato and Clara think about it and how do thoy fool? lllllh.*h0 otory in a fow aontonooa. APPBHDIX B A doacription of tho 1! looationa includod in tho otudy. Sourca of information: [ngzglgnggigwangglglng, Now York: Anoricana Corporation, l9 0. lgnggyillg, city, oaat tonnoaaoo. aituatod on north bank of Tonnoaaao riwor lll niloa northoaat of Chatanocsa. Tho population in 1950 war 12h,77o, raking Knowwillo tho fourth largoat city in tho atata of Tonnoaaoo. Trading oontor for liwoatock. dairy, truck. and poultry farw produota. Groat quantitioa of burlay tobacco grown. Croa. ninorala, and atano aro procoaaod. Tortiloa aro tho‘ oity'a woat iwportant wanufaoturod ito-3 narbla. furnituro. olaotrioal porcolain. canont and atool pro- duota follow. tagghgg, city, oouthooat Michigan. aituatod on Lako Michigan. Population (l950) 18,769. Largo trado in lumbar. grain. and fruitag othor induatrial aotiwitioa includo auto accoaaorioa. atool caainga, canning. woo noor, waohinory. and powor ohowola. . city and county borough. woat control Ingland. llo ailoa northwaat of London. Population (195:) l ,lll.3h0. Britain'a aocond largoat provincial oity. Hoavily induatrialu-aito of world'a largoat cocoa and ahacolato wanufacturor. Motor and oloctrical induc- trioa. typically nany'awall induatrioa with laaa than so awployooa. Moro iwportant producta includo notor- cara, bicycloa. ootoroycloa. braaaworo. donoatic wton- aila. and waohino and hand toola. .Hlllllkl. city and capital of tho ropublic of rinlaod. Lo- oatad on poninaula in Gulf of Finland. 180 ailoa by rail waat of Loningrad. It ia Iinland'a chiof ooo- woroial and cultural oontor. an iwportant aoaport. 1n- duatrioa includo chipbuildlng; toatilo. wachinory and ooraoioa wanufacturog tobacco procaaaing and augar ro- fining. It arporta lunbor. pulp, plywood and papor. Population (195k) 3,6,300. Ell-II. city, aouth Norway. locatod on aro of Colo I ord. ac ailoa aouthwoat of city of Colo. Population 19h6) 26,995. A aoaport with induatrial activity hoawily do- pondant upon lunborg thoro aro lunbor yarda. oawwilla. papor and pulp’willa. and collulaaa factorioa. Thoro ia alao toatilo wanufaaturiag. 63 ‘5 w. capital and largoat city of lwodon. aouthaaat a». don, locatod on Baltic Boa. ‘l'ha city to Iwodon'a oul. tural. concroial. and induatrial cantor and ranka aoo- aod anong itail aoapcrta. Population (1950) ”3,500. m “(officially Ioaioo. niatrita fodarcl). capital of ”public of non... Population (1950) 3.050.500. Popuo lotion oatinatod at 5,000,000 in l’SI. Cultural and political can or of Monica aa wall aa hacrt of oconcnio and induatria ‘ lifo. lnduatriaa of tho city and our-- rounding aroa {I includo toatilo willing, flour willing, browing. and nknufaoturo of rubbor gooda. canont. atool and conatructian natariala. ilao. oigarcttoa. aoap. loathor, ahooa, olcctrical auppliaa. and furnituro. Ill m. aoaport and capital of Puarta Rico. la l95l tho adjoining city of Rio Piodraa waa norgod with San Juan. Population (1931) 357.800; approainatoly at par cont of Puorto Rico'a population. forty-throo par cant of tho ialand'a tbO0.000,COO proporty tan ia lowiad in Can Juan. Principal induotrya gaanont nanufaaturing. plac- tica. clootronia appliancca and aquipont, toatila-a. naohino toala. ahoaa, ohanicala. druga, publiahing, Jowclry. aaphalt producta and food diatribution. rohoala organiaad lika thooo in oontinaatal Unitod otatca. Claaaoa oooductad in Ipaniah. m In W. aoaport city in Bacall. locatod on Guanabara Bay. tornarly capital of Braail. Inportant induatriaa includo toatiloa and rofining of armor. Sugar. coffco. cotton. tobacco. and fruita aro inportant oropa. Popu- lation (it’d) 1.303.000. m. oity. woat Garnan Iodcral ”public. in aadon on Rh‘.. riVOTo hp“1..‘.l ‘1950’ ‘,'.°‘~a h. “m". railroad ropair ahapa and factorioo waking toola. nachinary. atawca. and cap. Othar induatrioa aro food proaoaaing. browing. papar willing, printing. and pot- tory waking. m. aoaport. north Oar-an fadcral Iapublic. capital of fadaratad atata of Hanurg on llbo riwar, l7. nilca aorthwoat of Borlin. Tho aoaport to tho higgaat in Oar-any and boforo Uorld Iar II waa third largoat in tho world. Baaidoa oatonaivo ahipyarda tharo aro nonw- facturoa of diatillary produota, folt. naohinory, op- tical iaatruonta. ciaion toola. tabaaoo. and natal. rcpulatico 7350). city and atata. l,60b.m. capital of Bavaria. aouth Oar-an lodcral Iopublia. Population (1950) 831.000. lotcd for atainod glaaa worka. iron. braaa and ball foundriaa. lithographing and ongrating warka. optical and nathcnatical inotru- ncnta. ilac hroworioa of Bavarian boar. wrought ROBE-A USE OTCLY‘ ”Hi . , 5 M ICHIGRN STATE UNIV. LIBRQRIES l III "III l|||||| 31293010600462