PLACE IN RETURN BOX to remove this checkout from your record.
TO AVOID FINES return on or before date due.
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DATE DUE

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MAY 0 9 2005

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

6/01 c:/ClRC/DateDue.p65-p.15

 

SELF EVALUATION OF MARITAL ADJUSB-‘EIETS
OF 1100 COIJEG‘E SWEEPS AT
MICHIGAN STATE UKIVEF’SI'I'Y

1958 - 1959

by

Frederic George Button

J”

A PROJECT REPORT

Submitted to the School of Social Work
Michigan State University
in Partial Fulfillment of the
Requirements for the Degree
-/' ‘ .- e; v— _ 0f

MASTER OF SOCIAL WORK

t‘\‘\ f“ .. A‘ - l K A‘

June 1959

Approved: _ [t _,_V ‘3‘. x/th

*Cheiman, Research Committee
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ACKIWI‘TTS

The writer wishes to express his appreciation to the faculty of the
School of Social Work, Michigan State University, for the opportunity to
conduct this study.

I an grateful to the 550 husbands and wives who gave generously
of their time and effort in supplying the personal information on which
thil study is based. I am also indebted to Mr. Paul Reul, Mr. Audley
Bailey, and Miss Santa Foul whose able assistance in the milirg and
tabulation of the questionnaires contributed greatly to the timely cel-
pletion of this project.

I have tried to give credit throughout this study for all concepts
borrowed from others. However, it is recognized that m thinkirg has
been influenced from many sources. I acknowledge my debt to all who
have contributed directly or indirectly to this project.

Achievledgment is made to Mr. Arnold Gurin, Chairman, Dr. Myrtle
R. Reul, and Dr. Max Bruck whose suggestions for improvement have made
possible the completion of this study.

The Vriter wishes to thank Mrs. Betty Heélbronn, Mrs. Barbara
Bulls, and Mrs. Myrna Curtis for their excellent stemgraphic assist-
ance in the preparation of the questionnaire and the final report. Their
accuracy and enthusiasm has been greatly appreciated.

A special note of gratitude is dueDr. Myrtle R. Reul, whose sug-
gestions formed the basis for this study, and Mrs. Suzanne B. Button,

who contributed many long hours to the completion of this project. Their

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continued interest, guidance and encouragement can never adequately

be acknowledged.

111

TABLE 03' COEE‘EIITS

ACWMTH‘S-ocoeooeooooooeoeooeeoeeo

LISTOFTABIISI...OODOOOOOOOOOUCOCIOOC.

Che pter
I .'

II.

III .

Immnmxon
Mfinitions C'f Tame e o o o o o o e e o n a e e e e 0
THE PROBLEM Am) CUP-JEN! OPINION . . . . . . . . . . . . .

The Problem Area . . .

Tm PI‘Cblm . . g g Q a Q o o o O o o o O O O 0 O O O O
PUTIHSC Cm ObJeCtives . o o e e o o e o e o e o o o 0
SCOPE and sattj-m . e I o e o e O o e I I O o o O O o o
METHOIB AV'D P'FOCFIXF'3YS . . . . . o o e o . . . . o . . .
Pilot 53110.3 o e o o e o o o O I o O o o o o o o o o 0 O
QUCBtIOnm'IIZ‘e . e o o o e o e 0 O o 0 o o a o e O o o O
SCIECti on Of the 83:13:18 - o o e e o o o I e o o o O O O
Feeponee to the Questionnaires . . . . . . . . . . . .
Tabulation and Calculation . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ranking of the Eight Adjustment Areas .' . . . . . . . .
RATUFE 0F T1113 G101? e e o o o o e o e e o I o e o o e a 0

Student Enrollment Status . . . . . . . . . . .
Educational Status of 5-5:) myrried Couples . . . .

Age at Time of Marriage for 550 Husbamls and 55'} Wives
Length of Marriage for 550 Couples . . . . . .
Length of Em‘j21.fjcm€nt of 55-13 Cou;les , , . . . .
Cheyter Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

FAMILIES BED Cifivfl’fsl'ISOI‘IS OF Fu'ARITAL AN US$131}? REES

‘.-v='1'“'u
Ammll‘lhb'l0.0000000000000000...

Rankings of Marital. Aijimtment Areas by Three Criteria
Imyortant areas of adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . .
Degree of mijustment required . . . . . . e . . . . .
Length of time required to achieve same degree

ofedjusment...................

Comparison of Her-sures of Adjustment . . . . . . . . .

iv

0 C O U Q .

{38135515

0 I. O. O 0‘. .;

Page

11

H
555500 w mdmu u r P

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U

Cha pter

VI. KEITH OF TIME REQUIFED FOR ADJUE'TivfiIIfl‘

Sexual {activities . . .
Spending F‘milj Income
Personal Freedom in Use
Fellaious Activities
Personal Privacy . .
Social Activities . .
Muturel Friends . . .
Ill-Lav Relationships
GmmaSmmw...

VII.

VIII.
egg-manor; '10 cm; Tow.

Papal; ti on Chamcteristi
Years of education .
Length of marriage .
Age at the of marriag
Length of engagement
Readiness for marriage

fidJustmmxt fire-ass . . .
Degree of adjustment

CUTR'EL‘T SWflE 0F ADJUS‘IMENI‘

of Time

8314} LE

CB

0 o
O 0 O C
O O O I
e . . .
O O 0 O

O O 0
e O O O
O O O 0

Time required to achieve some
Current State of Adjustment . .

Adguemle~nt s: tisfactory
No nd justment achieved

Chapter S“ fiery . . . .

IX. SLME?‘ {41' £3.31)" CCI'SECLUSIOI‘SES .
AFPIZRDIXA...........
M’PEKDIXB...........
AIPEI'EDIXC...........

313113;}?!tu o o e I o e o O 0 O

O O O o O a

PEEK OIJTIJI-“JTS WEI-3 WOULD EDT FH’EAT A CAME-US

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to both

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LIST OF TLBIIS
Table Page

1. Emolhnent Statue of 55-3 Married Couples at Michigan
smuumversiw,v5‘3-1959¢IOO000000.000. 16

2. Educational Statue of 550 Husbands and 550 wives at
nichimn State University, 1393-1959 . . . . . . . . . . 17

3. Age in Years at Time of Marriage for 550 Husbende and
550 Hives at hiichignn State University, 1935-159 . . . . 19

h. Length of Ergnganent in Months for 550 Couples at
Michigan State University, 1958-1359 . . . . . , . . , . , 21

5. Farming of Eight Areas of Adjustment in a Marriage
According to Inyortence by 550 Husbands and 550 Wives . . 25

6. Ranking of Eight Areas of Adjustment in Your Marriage
According to Degree of Adjustment Required by 55-3
Husbandsm'fl55‘0WiV68..............oo. 26

7. Banking: of Fight Areas of Adjustment According to Len-7th
or Time required to Achieve Some Adjustment (5530 Husbands
amswwives) 27

8. Comparative Rmflcing of Eight Marital Adjustment Areas by
550 Husbands end 550 Wives Based on Three Criteria . , . 28

9. Length of Time REiildred After Marriage to [achieve Same
Adjustment in Semi]. Activities (550 Husbands and
’5Owiws)Queeooociooooooeeoooooo 30

10. Lemth of Time Required After Marriage to Achieve
Adjustment in Spending Familj Income (550 Hush-rem end
wouiVCSJ....................... 32

11. Mt}: of Time Required. After Marriage to Achieve
Adjustment in l'ersonal Freedom in Use of Time (550
nufiba.m6am5§OWiWS)........,...,.,.. 3'3

12. Length of Time Feqazired lifter Marriage to Achieve
Adjustment in Feligious Activities (550 Husbands end
5ww1wc).OOOIOOOICIOOOIIOOOOOOC 31‘

13. Length of Time Required in Inter—Faith Marriages to Achieve
AdJuctment in fieligious Activities . . . . . . . . . . . 35

vi

Table Page

1h. Length of Time Required After flurriage to Achieve
AdJustment in the Area of Personal Privacy (550
Husbam'isandD’BOWiVEB)..f..........o... 36

15. Length of Time Beginred After Harris-go to Achieve AdJust-
ment in Social Activities (550 Husbands and 55:) Viva). . 37

16. Length of Time Pequired After Marriage to Achieve Adjust-
aunt in Associating with Mutual Frienfis (550 Husbands
andssoiiime) 39

17. Length of Time Required After Marriage to Achieve Adjust-
ment in In-st Relationships (550 Husbands and 550 Wives). 1+0

18. Percentages of 5:30 Husband: and. 550 wives Reporting
Various [Egress of Current Adjustment in Eight Areas
offlsritalAd‘jusmsnt.................. ’13

19. Satisfactory Adjustment Achieved by Both Partners of
1550 Marriages in Eight Areas of Marital Adjustment . . . Us

20. Reasons Why Responc'ients Would Hot Fejpest a Campus Marriage. to

21. Percentage Distribution of Husbands and. Hives in the Total
Ssmilc and Those Who would Not Regent a Campus Marriage
Accorfiing to Educational Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . #7

22. Distribution of Total Sample and Eesgondents Who Would Not
Repeat :1 Campus Marriage According to Length of Marriage. 119

23. Distribution of Total Sample and Respondents Who Would Not
Repeat a Campus Marriage According to Age "t Time of
marriageOOOOOIOIOOOOOOQOOOOOQOII5o

2h. Distribution of Total Bangle and Fespondents Who Would Not
Repeat 3 Cumy'us Marriage According to Length of
Emmgmnt.gc..ooooooolooocoooooo 51

25. Distribution of Total Sample and Respondents Who Would not
Repeat a C-<':mpus Marriage According to Own Evaluation of
Readinesafornfin‘iaei.c..........o.o.o 53

26. Barking of Eight Areas of Marital Adjustment Accordirg to
DegreeofAdJustmentEequired . . . . . . . , . . , , , . 5k

27, Ranking of Eight Areas of Marital Adjustment According to
Length of Time Required to Achieve Scans Degree of
AdJustment.c.....o..........o..o. :5

vii

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28. Faulting of Eight Areas of Marital Adjustment in Which an
Adjustment Satisfactory to Both Has Been Achieved . . . . 56

29. Ranking of Eight Areas of Marital Adjustmznt in Which No
Adjustment Has Been Achieved . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

V111

cm I
IRTROIUC'i‘ION

- This is a. stat}: of c group of hurried collage studcntc at Michigan
State Unimcit: in 1958-J9w. It as an att-pt to imctigatc the
urital adjustment: which than couple. encountered. while being a part
or the growing “phenom of college nan-rims.“ Thin plasma in of
fairly recent origin. Etudent marriage- Icrc rare during the first
quarter or thin centur:.2 —

During tho first world an- tho Pregnant of thc University of
Washington can c reception for the first Inn-ice coup]: on cam, “not
to cclchrctc the mm but to unit Human-stamina Ulrich light uric.
tro- Inch an unusual relationship batman two unimity mam-f3 '

Thin, m, had changed by 1956, when one out of every four
college students no hurried”k l.

, The Servicelnn‘l Recumbent Act of 19“ and Public Luv 550,
cos-non]; known as the 0.1, Bill, enabled may young men upon returning
to civilian life to 50cm. tin-bani. and students ainultancously. Thi-

contributed greatly to the phenomenon of the married college student.

._.__‘_i

1Event! Richer, “Innings on the Campus,
Review, '01. VII (Dumber, i9h2), pp. Boa-815.

21b14.. p. 832.

Ameri can Sogoloigical

 

311:14., pp. axe-803,

h'faul c. Click and Hugh Carter, "Marriage Patterns and Educational
Level,” American gcciolngical Review, Vol. XXIII (June, 1958), p. 286.

1

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2
Since that tile there have been an increasing amber of college lorringes
end harried college etudente who were not veterans?

. According to Ian: authoritice college earring“, whether one or
both eponeee are undergraduate or graduate students. are presented ‘vith
unique problems. If either one or both of the cponeee ere “played the
inter-relationships nay become more confusing. In addition to than
i’ectore peculiar to a college marriage, the couples must also face the
adjueticnte which are inevitable in any nrriagefi

To make these marriage: a succeee the student rill not only have
to race theee ndgustnente but '...eolve then vith all the imelligence,
insight, etanina, and fortitude that he can mutter."7 The etude!“
should, or coarse, he allowed to lake hie own decisions but there ehould
be crullable for hie analysis the thinking of the preceding generation.8
The need for information pertaining to the adgustncnte in e nerriage and,
lore epecii'icall: the adjust-heme of college marriage: have only been
generally recognized recently.

In 1956 Judson r. Landie enrveyed 1600 Junior colleges, colleges.

and universities in an attempt to determine the extent of marriage

A. A4—

5) lice Thorpe, ”Hoe hurried College Students homage,“ Harringe
and ran-111 Living. 701. x111 (August, 1951), pp. 105-105

 

6lent-y A. Roman, Ila: rring__ for Meier-ha (New York! MoGrev-Hill
Book Co. ., Inc., 115M, pp. lab-157.

 

~ 71nd,, p. 11:2.

8’. Alexander Itgoun, Love and Marriage (New York: Harper and
lrothere, 1.956), 1:. xi.

 

 

 

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matinee ens eellege uni? Six-hundred and thirty institutions
W m courses in earrings and falily ling. Imam};
eeeeah, nesrlyfifty percent of these courses were initiated vithin the
hat ten years. There were 102'! courses offered. These consisted pri-
nrily of three types: (1) Functional courses which pertained to. the
applied sreae in preparation for nrriage, (2) institutional courses.
described as offering theoretical concepte of marriage and the fsnily as
s societal fluent, and (3) the balance which included graduate courses,
mince counseling courses, and education courses for marriage educators.
The" courses involved 1082 instructors and 76 ,805 students, comprising
6.5 percent of the total student body. There was a one hundred percent
increase in student enrollment in narriage and family livixg courses
within the ten year span of DWI-1956.10

Tho-thirds of the student body reported by Landien were enrolled
in 'functicnsl courses.” Approxinately half, #7 percent, of the func-
tio-l courses eere predominantly for freshen and sophanores. One

purpose of national narriage courses we to prepare the student for

 

S'dtleset four studies of the developsnt of education for earrings
have been lode duritg the past twenty years. The net recent and the one
referred te here is a study by Judson '1'. Landis, “The Teeching of Iarrisge
and lull: courses in Colleges," Herring: an; Fania 1%, Vol. III,
lo. 1 (a... 19?), p. 37. The others are Cecil r. namrth, ”Educetion
for Ierrisge Along Anerican Colleges," Association 9;: American 99m,
Mil ‘mber 1993), pp. WIS-M31; Henry A. Bowman, "firriege
education in the Gallegos," Journal 9;; Soci_a_l mum, Vol. my (Decca-
her 1959", pp. W417; A. O. Hollerand and William Olsen, ”Courses in
Preparation for Iarriage in 113 Colleges and Universities," Alpha Knppa
gig. Vol. 3311 (winter 1956). pp. 3740; and "Education for Marriuge
and hail: Relations in Southern Colleges,” Report of the lie-hers of the
Co-itteeen the Teachim of Sociology of the Southern SociolOgical
Society, mg Erces, Vol. mu (October 1953). pp. 61-65.

1°93. . pp. 36-37.

”2131.2-

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late selection and the various and sumlry adjustments in mrriage.
Despite this growing interest in the subject of college marriage there

has been relatively little obJective research in the field.

Definiti one g_f_ Terms

 

The term ”adjustment" in this study is used to refer to the work-
ing arrangenent which exists in a marriage. This arrangement could be
one in which a mutually satisfactory operational relationship exists,
but onewhich my not necessarily meet the personal needs of the spouses
involved.

The term ”happiness” refers to a mutually satisfactory marital
adjustment.

The term ”areas of adjustment" refers to predetermined segments
of interpersonal marital relationship where adjustment might take place.
These areas are: Child training, in-lav relationships, utusl friends,
personal freedom in use of time, personal privacy, religious activities,
social. activities, spending family income, and sexual activities.

The term ”rate” refers to that numerical figmre given by the
respondent as an evaluation of his or her marital situation.

The term ”rank" refers to that figure, based on the ratixg,
calculated by the writer to determine the position attributed to an
adjustment area in respect to the other eight areas.

lbs term "full time“ refers to the enrollment status of the
student who enrolled in twelve or more credit hours of schooling.

rs. tern 1”port time" refers to the enrollment status of the

student who is enrolled in twelve credit hours or less of academic

schooling .

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CHnPTER II -
THE PROBUM AND CUR-£13 OlelON

In: 1::9b 1.3:: are:

The chortxge of current objective research in the are» of college
marriages was illustrated in l9h2 vhen.a systematic research of the
available information revealed that leterial fulfilling the need was
entirely lacking. The one type of information available were magazine
articles which carried strong opinions of the authors ehich were based
on experience. rather than research} During the var most of the marriage
and family research was. focused on the trials and tribulations of var
marriages. Even though at least s dozen family research critiques have
appeared in the post-var period and hundreds of articles written, the
situation reusing basicsllj the sane. 2 t

The largest single contributions to the area of marriage research
has been the Iarital adjustment prediction schedules and the marital
happiness rating scales developed and re-defined by such sociolOgists as
Ternan, Burgess and Cottrell, Locke, Burgess and Hallie, and Landis and
Landis. These studies encoupessing numerous facets of marital adjustment,

plus a number of studies focused on special areas, such as sexual

w fivmfi—w — ~— w

IRica‘s-r, 92. cit., pp. 837-815.

2am“ e. losmn, 'Reeeerch in Family Dynamics: A Criticim and
s Pmpoul,’ Social forces, “31.211111 (March, 1956), pp. 201-207

5

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sdJusiIsnt, represent s solid end contiming research effort concerning
the subject or marital adjusment.3

The need for research evaluatixg and/or reporting the current
edJustnents necessary for marriages consummated before or while one or

both members of the marriage are attending college still exists.h

lI‘he Problem

During the academic year of 1957-1958 while the writer was serving
as a graduate assistant to Dr. myrtle R. Reul who was the Coordinator of
Marriage Courses in the School of social Work at Michigan State
University, the need for more information pertaining to the marital
adjustments of college students was noted. In Joint discussions of the
marriage courses this‘cOncern was also voiced by Dr. Raul. This need
was brought to the attention of the instructor and the writer by ques—
tions asked by the students enrolled in marriage courses. Questions
raised by the students were of a personal nature which could not be
adequately answered by the information available. '

During these discussions Dr. Foul also pointed out the need for
more detailed personal information concerning the married student
population as a more re:-:listic base on which to design the courses of
marriage to meet the students’ need.

It was throng-h the discussion of this and other questions that a

comon interest was recognized. While discussing the possible solutions

A .-‘ ‘

Willis. I. Iephart, "Some Knowns and Unknowns in Family Research:
A SociolOgical Critique,” Marriage and Family Living, Vol. XIX (February,

1957)! pp. 7-15-

~Interview with Dr. Myrtle R. Eeul, April 7, 1953.

 

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to these problm the married student body was recognised as a potential

source of information.

Purposewand Objectives

 

As a direct result of this noted lack of current information a
study of "Married Students at Kichigan State University”5 was undertaken
by Dr. ”file a. Reul.

The essential purpose of Dr. Feul's study was:

. . ..to examine e segment of the married student population
attending Michigan State University in order to assess the degree
to which these married students have adJusted in their roles ss
husband and wife. The criteria for measurement used to assess
the degree of adgustnent is indicated through their ability to
handle fimncesbsnd their sssigment of various family responsi-
bilities. . . . '

Another purpose of the study was to learn something of the
circumstances that govern college marriages such as ages of the
individuals, has long they knew each other prior 1» the nsrriage,
and whether their parents approved of the marriage.

This writer's project was designed to function as an addition to
the larger study with the purpose of obtaining an evaluation of the de-
gree and type of marital adJustnent reported by 1100 members (550 hus-
bands and wives) in eight specific areas of the marital relationship.

Considering the lack of current information the prime objective
for compiling this material was to supply the educators with current

information which they may present to the students in answer to questions

 

5Title of Dr. Myrtle R Reul‘s study of approximrtely 825 married
students at Michigan Etate University. (Unpublished)
68tetement of Purpose for Married Etudents at Michigan State
University, Dr. Myrtle R. P.eul (Unpublished)

_ 7mm.

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8
pertaining to college marriages. It is hoped that some of the implica-
tions found in letter portions of this study will in some small my help
the prospective student bride and groans and the educational nuts. to

further evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of a college net-rings.

finpefiand Settixg

This study was conducted at e Midwestern University which has
grown from a college of seventy male students in 1857 to e (so-educational
university! with a total enrollment or over 18,000 in September of 1958.8
It was determined with the aid of the Registrar's Office that this stu-
dent population consisted of approximately 10,503 mrried'students enrolled
as graduates or undergraduates as of spring tern, April to June, 1958,
when this study was formulated. When the actual data were collected in
Rovember and December, 1958, and January, 1959, this married. population
had increased to 6 ,030 married students. This figure is approximately

thirty-four percent of the total student population.

 

8Michigan State University Registrar's Office, September 1953.

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CHAPTER III
METHODS AND EFOCEBURLS

Pilot Stud:

In order to determine the thssibility of doing researchwvithin.
this population a tentative questionnaire of fifty-five questions‘uss
constructed Jointly by Dr. Reul and this writer. During the spring tens
of 1958 this writer conducted a pilot study. The pilot study consisted
of personal interviews with fourteen married couples, who were both
graduate end undergraduate students, with end without children. ‘Thsir
length of marriage varied from three months to five years. These
couples represented fondlies'Iith as many as three children“ ‘They re-
sided in college and private housing with neither, one, or both of the
spouses gainfully employed.

The selection.of these couples was on the basis of acquaintance-
ship vith the investigator.

‘ Based on the pilot study, it was decided to group the questions
into two categories: (1) Factual data; and (2) evaluative data. It‘IBI
concluded that questions designed to assess adjustment based on factual
material such as family background, age at marriage, cost of’nnrriags,
parental consent, distribution of household tasks vould be Dr. Reul’s
area of interest while the assessment of the married students' adJustlent
in specific areas of marriage relationship vould he the writer's area of

investigation.

‘4

,0

10

ggggtionnsirg

 

The final questionnaire included new questions, and.nodificstions
of the questions used in the pilot study. It was hoped that these ques-
tions were so designed that the questions eliciting factual responses
Iould substantiate, supyort, and further define the conclusions drawn
from the evaluative questions. It was also hoped that the converse
rould‘be true. The final questionnaire included s total of forty-nine
questions, forty-two of which pertained to factual data while sevenfliere
subjective in nature. This project is concerned primarily with the sub-
Jective responses using the factual questions only for background pur-
poses to identify the group being studied.

Questions of e factual nature and subjective nature were printed
on separate pages.

‘ The subjective questions were arranged on the questionnaire so
that the tvo questions which were of similar nature were alternated.
The first question asked the resyondent to rate the nine areas according
to the degree of importance in e marriage. The second question asked
the resgondent to rate the some nine adjustment areas according to the
degree of adjustment required in his marriage. These tun questions were
separated by's third question asking them to signify the degree of sstis-
faction achieved. This was en attempt to minimize the possibility of
the respondent repeating his or her response to an earlier question in
en attempt to give s favorable response.

ProvisiOns were made to enable the husband ond.vife to complete
and return.the evaluative questionnaire separately.

The respondents were asked to rate from one to nine, nine possible

areas of sdJustment. Seven of the nine areas of adjustment--child training,

 

 

 

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in-lsv relationships, mutual friends, religious activity, sexual activity,
social activity, and spending family income-were chosen because of their
usefulness in the Landis and Landis study of #09 couples} The remaining
tvo arena-personal freedcm in use of time and personal privacy-were
added since it see the belief of Dr. Ben). and the writer that these areas
may have particular significance in a college or student marriage due to
the time delegated to studies.

Four or the seven questions which elicited subjective responses
were concerned with the respondents’ evaluation.snd rating from one to
nine the nine areas of marital adjustment according to four different
criteria!2

(a) . . . according to vhich you feel are the most important
adjustments in a marriage.

(b) . . . the dress in your marriage that required the greatest
degree of adjustment on your part. '

(c) . . . the degree of adjustment you have experienced in
these areas.

(a) . . . the mn‘oer of months or years of your marriage
required before some degree of adjustment was achieved.
Felection of the Sample
In view of the large number, 6030 married students, it was deter-
mined that en origins]. selection of one-third mid render a workable
sample. This was seeming that the useable returns vould reach the pro—
portions of eighteen percent. As will be noted later, this was a lav

estimate. ‘Uith the aid of the Registrar's Office en,slphnbetized list

~_—— w —v— *— w

Successful

 

J'Judson T. Lendis and Her: G. Lendis, Building 3
marriage (New York: Prentice Hall Inc., was), p. 245.

2These criteria are given in full in Appendix B and C.

12
of the.msrried students use selected from the total student body. The
actual selection of every third married student use done by International
Business Machines. These names and addresses were printed on gm labels
which served to address the envelopes. A second listing was made in the
some manner from the balance of the harried population to be used in the
event of administrative difficulties such as improper address, mis-
identification of the marital status, and students no longer enrolled in
school. Ectificction of this came about by the return of the question-
nsire. It res conceivable that there would be some duplicate listing of
married coufiles due to the similarity of names and both husband snd'vife
being enrolled as students. This use controlled by visual verification.
Other complications and other edministrative difficulties vere corrected
so as to meintein the original total sample. This use done by substi-
tuting other names from the second listing which was constructed for

A

such an occasion.

Resronge to the Questionnaires
In contrast to the anticipated eighteen percent return the return
of £1.63 percent was unexpected and nest «lowed. To recapitulate, 2010
questionnaires were mailed. Eight hundred end thirty-six were returned.
Five hundred and fifty questionnaires were returned complete by both the .
husbands and wives including both the factual and evaluative questiono
min». The 55) complete responses regresented 27A percent of the total

sample .

 

 

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Feeponsec of the 550 husbands and 550 wives were calculated
separately. lo attemyt'vas made because of time limitations to compare
the response: of the individual marital partners. This has beenadone by
14:me and Burgess" in their respective studies. A comparison of thin

sort would be both interesting and possible with the date.

Prnkin; cf the Fight f dkpsgnent .Are"s5

Conetruction of a renking scale was based on the respondent's
rating. The respondent rated etch adjustment area accordinr to the
criteria indicated for each question. Questions hi and fig used a nine
[element rating while question.hh used a five element scale.6 In order
to determine the ranking order for each question the following procedure
was used:

(1) In each of the nine areas of adjustment the sum of the number
of responses in each rating was calculated.

(7? The sum for each rating was multiplied by the numerical
rating of 1 through 9 to give a weighted rating.

(3) The sun of the weighted ratings for ecoh adjustment area
was obtnined.

(5) These totals were arranged in an.arrvy from highest to lowest.

 

——w W

3Judeon.T. Landis, "Length of Time Required to Achieve fidjuatment
in Marriage," Pncrf con Sociologicrl Fm'ictr, Vol. XI (recomber 191:6),

PP. 666 -676 .

 

1“Ernest W. Burgess and Leonard S. Cottrell, Prefiictinv Success
35 Failure 13} g Harri are (New! York: Prentice Hall Inc. , 1,33);

5The area of child training is not included in the rankings since
less than half of the couples do not have children.

6The ratings scales are shown.in.Appendix B and C.

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(5) A rank of 1 through 8, 1 being the highest and 8 being the
lowest, was assigned each marital adjustment area.

A Joint ranking scale incluéing both the husbands and wives 18
used when comparing the responses of two questions. This ranking scale
was prepared by the same procedure as mentioned above vith the addition
of one step. This step my be called (3:) and 13 as follows:

(32) The sums of the weightea ratings for the husbands and wive-
were combinnd.

-Follov1n3 the insertion of this step the procedure was identical.
This methcd was used on.1nportnnt areas of adjustment, question.h1, degree
of adjustment required, question #3, and length of time required for some

degree of adjustment, question hh.7

7mm.

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CHAPTER I?
MEDTLE 01' THE GROUP

In this chapter an effort is made to record. the various character-
istics of the 550 couples of when either one or both of the marital part-
ners were students at flichigan State Universitr durim the academic year
or 1958. The results are compared with available reports from the same
university, [of other college- and i’rcn national statistics. Selection
of factors is based on those. items which tore felt lost descriptive of
the group. These characteristics are enrollment status, educational
status, age at time or marriage, length of larriage, and length of en-

gagement .

student rim-ailment Status
The distribution of un- temple indioatee that 96.9 Percent or

the husbands and 21.6 percent of the wine are enrolled as students.
These findings are very similar to groups studied by Judson T. Landie
in 1916-19?“ here at liohigan state university} sanity-eight and
three-tenths percent of the couplee the husband is the only ifllbtr of
the narriege attending school. Bounty-six and seven-tenths percent of
them-ham mmllodona roll-tine haeievhile 1.1.8me

M __ 4-— AA VAW *—
w w h— w

1Judeon r. Lannie. 'm or swam: Adjustment in marriage,“
19116-19“, unpublished. Partial findings reported in his book Building
3 Successgg Max-rig"; (New York: Prentice Hall, 1.9168). Hie Intudyr or
uiohigan State University married students revealed that 100 percent of
the husbands and 10.7 percent of the wives were students.

15

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time. The wife has the

cent of the marriages.

attending on.e part-time schedule.

bility in 18.6 percent of the marriages.

TABLE 1

l6

Twelve and one-tenth percent or the
‘wivee are enrolled on a full-time basis while 9.6 attend school part-
"distinction” of being the student in 3.1 per

The husband and.wife both have academic responsi-

mmomm: u- swans OF 550 MARRIED comma
'EEEITY, U543

AT MICEI- "AN STNIE UI‘U.

4959

 

 

Full Time Student Status
Husband Only . . . . . 382 69 .hfi
ifeOnly...... 13 2.“
Husband. andHife . . . “5 8.3}
Part Time Student Status
Husband 0:11;,r , . . . . 19 8.9
Wife Only . . . . . . h .7
Husband andwire . . . 9 1.6
Cmblnntiona
Husband Full Time,
Wife Part Time . . . ho 7.3
Husband Part Time,
Wife Full Time . . . 7 1.3
A A T931112, . , 4 5:0 103.1%?

 

Educational Status of_5§0 Married C~ i168

 

according to their educational status.

were in.their senior year.

your of college or had completed college.

Table 2 indicates the distribution of the 550 husbands and wives
It should be noted that nine of
the husbande and fifty-six of the wives did_not reply to this question.
or the )bl,husbande who did rep ly, 81 percent were in ei her the senior
The majority, 58.8 percent,

of the husbands in.this sample had completed college while 20.6 percent

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TABLE 2
EDUCATIOML STATUS or 550 HUSBANDB AND 550 WIVES
AT memo" STATE unmnem, 1958-1959

M
Number Percent

Ieare or when Comfleted Husbands wives ‘ Husbands wive-

 

WWW“

Did lot Cmplete nigh School . . O 2 0,0} O.h$
ugh Echoo1 Graduatel ~. . . . . 1b 107 2.6 .5
One leer of College . . . . . . 25 6'0 L6 10.9
No Year- of College . . . . . . 65 73 11.8 13.3
Three Years of College . . . . . 113 63 20.6 11.5
. Four learn of College . . . . . 151 1410 27.1. 26.2
Graduate School. . . . . . . . . 173 h 31.1; 8.2
30 R'Dh .3156 e i e e o e e e' e 9 '- 56 1.6 10.2

TOTAL . . . 550 550 100.0; 100.0;

__ k

 

*Theee persons now enrolled in graduate echool.

Lee- than one-half of one percent of the wives did not couplete
high school. Nineteen and four-tenths percent did not go beyond high
school. ' Those who attended college but did not graduate comprised 35.6
percent of the total group. Thirty-tour and tour-tenths percent 0! the
wive- hed graduated tron college with 8.2 percent continuing in post
graduate work.

Rhea we compare the husband! and wives distribution we find that
the husband. have attained e higher degree of education since 31.! per
cent are enrolled in graduate school in emoticon to 8.2 percent of the
wine... This is eunported by the fact that the mean cumulative year. of
education 1- eixteen years, one month, for the husbands, and fourteen

years. five months, for the wives. This is Just slightly higher than a

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18
similar sample taken at Purdue in 1350 which showed 15.5 and 13.3 years

of education for the husband and wife res3;,‘~ective1y.2

Age at Time of Marriage for 550 Husbands andwfi‘jo Wives

The great majority of the husbands, 89.3 percent, were married
between the ages of twenty and twenty-nine. The largest grouping of
378 , 68.7 percent, were married between the ages of twenty and tVenty'-
four. The range for the husbands was from seventeen to thirty-three
years with the median age of twenty-three years. Of the wives 519,
9h.3 percent, were between the ages of fifteen and twenty-four years,
while 393, 71.8 percent, were between twenty and twenty-four years at
the time of Isrrisge. Their median age at marriage is twenty-one years,
two Ionthe, with the range being from sixteen to thirty-two years. Less
thanone percent of the husbands and wives were married after age twenty-
nine.‘

P. C. Click and E. Lsndau3 of the National Census Bureau calcu-
lated in 19% based on current statistics that the median age at first
larrisge for men and women was 2h.2 years and 20.9 years respectively.
They also reported that over half of the men enter into the first mer-
riage between the ages of 22 and 28 years while fifty percent of the
when were first married between the ages of 19 and 2h. Considering the
extremes, they found that only nine percent of the men were married before
age twenty and fifteen percent of the women were first married before

their nineteenth year.

A‘—

2liarold '1'. Christensen and Robert E. Philbrick, "Fsmily Size as
e rector in Marital Adjustment of College Couples,” American Sociological
Review, Vol. XVII (1952), pp. 307-312. A study of 3&6 couples of which
one neither was a veteran and a student.

3maul C. Click and E. Landau, "Age as a Factor in Marriage,”
Egg-ices gociologigsl Bevin, Vol. XV (1950), pp. 517-529.

 

 

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TABLE 3

AGE 11! rm? 5 AT TIME or MAFPIAGE r012
. 550 HUSBAHDS AM) 550 VIVES AT
MICHIGAN mm mm .msmr, 1958-1959

‘ kw

 

 

 

 

 

 

. ‘8' st Tine - Buster , —. Percent
of Marriage . . Husbands Hives Husbands Hives
15-19 Years , . . . t 53 126 . 9.9% 22.9%
204“ Years . . . . . 373 393 ' 68.7 71.5
25-29 Years ., . . . . 113 30 20.6 5.5
30-35 Years . . . . . 5 1 .9 .2
N0 Reply . . . . . 1 o .2 see
ram ‘.' . . 59° .550 100.0% 100.0%

 

Paul Click and thigh Carterk studied marriages contracted het'nen
the years 191»? and 1953. They found that the Iedian age at first nar-
riage for, college studentsnsrried during these years was 25 years, 5
months, for the husbands and 22 years, 10 months, for the wives.

When a comparison is nede to these national figuresmwe find- that
the median age of the husbands in this sample is lowerwhils the wives
is slightly higher. However, percentagewise more students are marrying

at a younger age.

Lem}! of Errrigge forjfiO (30121198
The largest single group of 128 couples representing 23. 3%! of the
total seaple were married less than one year. In this, the less than
one year group, 66 couzles have been married from three to six months.

The ~majority of the couples in the total sample, 61.8 percent, have been

married three years or less. The new length of narrisge is two years,

 

“Click and Carter, 92. 233., p. 23h.

 

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20
one south. The majority of the students in the sample hsd coupleted the
Boehelorete degree. Therefore, any of the respondents had been .rried
for st least two years of their college career. This ves also indicated
in a study cf 3&6 married ecuples done at Purdue University in 19” by
Christensen end Philhrick. They found the seen length of marriage to be
four years, two months, with fifteen years, six months, and thirteen
years, ‘ four loathe, being the neon cmleti'n years of education for hus-

band and sire respectively/.5

Leggjh of imagenent Si 550 Couples

The engagement period is s Joyous occasion with the agar function
of testing out the relationship between the future husband and vife.6
Hornell Bart thinks of the engagement period as the time when the sorting
hypothesis of marriage is explored]

According to the distribution of the 550 couples, 151 couples in
this study, 27.5 percent , maintained their engagement period fro- sis to
nine months. The second and third largest groups of 13h and 103 reported
engsgment periods of three to six nonths and twelve to twenty-four months
respectively.

Lendis and Lhndis8 in their study of 5% college students reported

that fourteen percent of the couples did not have any engagement period.

5Christensen and smith-1a, 22. 211.. pp. 307-312.

6Jellies A. Peterson, Education {9; Marriage (Hes York! Charles
Bcribner's Sons, 1956), p. 191.

7Eornell Bert and Ella Hart, I‘ersonelit m 3319 Fans}; (Boston!
D. c. Heath and Company, 1935), p. 1.52.

8148116118 and. Lsndis, .8111le A Successful Marriage, p. l83.

ed»

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'21
Seventy-four percent had up to tee years engagement while trelve percent
had en engogenent puiod of two or lore Jeers. This is in contrast to
this study vhich indicates that 3.8 percent did not have em engegeinent,
5.9 percent had two or more years smut, on! the helnhce, 90.3 'per
cent, had en engagement period of Ira. ese an: to tea years. Considering
that both of theeo studies Vere conducted at the sane educational inti-
tution, :1 person might mks the sssumption that the trend for m -

students attending this university has been to an shorter engagements.

TABLE‘

ILIGTH or Ermamm Ill mamas run 550 COUPLES
AT mallow STATE unmasm'x, 1958-1929

M
' , Legth of Engagement . Number Percent

 

' 1:50 B; rzagement . H. . . . . 21 3.5%
o " 3 Month, e e e e o :3 907
3 - 6 Months . . . . . 133‘ 215.3%
6 - 9Months , . . . . .151 27.5
9 - 12 Months . . . . . 55 10.0
12 - 2"} Months , . . . . 133 18.7
2% Manths and Over . e . 33 5.9

' ' 5 TOTAL '. e '. 550 100.01”-

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. “7‘
4.

.1
a '..l

Chapter 5121213ng

Study “of the various factual characteristics, of enrollment status,
educations). status, age et time of marriage, length of marriage, end
lemth of engagement indicates that in general the 550 couples in this
study were sinilnr to those in previous studies. This was particularly
true in the erea of enrollment status where a greater number of husbenie
than wives were enrolled as students. In the majority of the marriages
the husband was the on]: student. Even so, a higher percentage of wives
were reported as students in this study than in any of the other studies?
Husbands reported a higher academic attainment than the wives. The
largest number of husbands reported completion of some graduate training,
while the largest number of wives had completed Just undergraduate work.
The majority of both husbands and wives were msrri ed between the ages of
twenty and twenty-four. The age at time of marriage ranged from sixteen
to thirty-two years and seventeen to thirty-three years for husbands and
wives respectively. The median age at time of marriage of the husbands
(twenty-three years) was lower than the national average for men, while
the median age of the wives (twenty-one years, two months) was higher
than the national statistics for women.10 In general, students in this
study were engaged a shorter length of time than students at the same
school ten years prior to the time of this study.11 Most of the stu—
dents had been married three years or less with the largest number hav-

ing been married less than one year. This was in contrast to a study

 

w

9Lanadis, 92;. cit... p. 28, and Christensen, 91. cit, P. 21.

an.”

 

_1QClick, 9;.c1t., 131). 22-23.

*

”minis, 93. cit., p. 26.

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23
done at Purdue in 1950 where the mean length of’narriage was four years,
two:nonths.12

It must be remembered that this study use based on a select
sample of married students who chose to share personsl information.
There may therefore be some inherent bins in this study. However, the

similarity to other studies seems to suggest a relatively representative

sample .

ww—

. uChrietense-n, 99. (3115., 9. 2h.

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Ah-m. .-

CHAPTER V

BARNES AND CQIPARISORS OF MARITAL
ADP-.TM‘IM AREAS AND CPI’ITRIA

In the following sections the writer has attempted to present e l f .9
picture or the husbands' and wives' esslustions through the rankings of I
eight ereas of mriteladjusment according to three criteria. These r E
criterie are: (1) Most important areas of euustnent in e sex-rinse; ‘

 

(2) Areas which required the greatest degree of adjustment in their nar-
riage; and (3) The length of time required to achieve sou degree of
adjustment. The rankings of the eight areas will he described first

followed by a comparison of the three marital adjustment criteria.
Rankin-3 of fizrital Adiustment Arers bj Three Criteria

Important Areas of Auustnent

In an attempt to determine what the husbands and wives consider
important areas of adjustment in e marriage, they were asked to rate the
eight areas. The resulting rankings by the husbands and wives are shown
in Table 5 on the following page.

It will he noted that the husbands and wives agreed in the rank-
ing of sexual activities as first, spending family income as second, and
religious activities as third most important areas of adjustment in e
marriage. The wives felt that in—law relationships and mutual friends
were more imortent than social activities, while the reverse was true

for the husbands. Husbands and wives agreed in the ranking of personal
21+

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25
freedom in use of time and.personal privacy as sixth and eighth respec— -
tively. Social activities and mutual friends were the areas where the

greatest degree or disagreement between the husbands and wives occurred.

TABLED

FJEKKII'G OF EIGHT AREAS 01' AMJSTMEI’ET IN
A VETEILGE ACCDPI‘II‘E TO IM1CV‘TMKIE
BY 550 HUSBANIS AND 550 WIVES

   

Rank’ Husbands . Wives

 

1 Sexual Activities Sexual Activities
' 2 ' ' Spendig Family Income Spending Family income

3 religious Activities Religious Activities

h social Activities Sin-Lev Relationships

5 In-an Relationships Mutual Friends

6 Personal Freedom in Personal Freedom in
Use of Time Use or Time

7 Mutual Friends Social Activities

8 I'ersoml E’rivacy Personal Privacy

I

~i—v—fi MW.—

*1--Most Important
BuLes st Important

Logree of Adjustment I-‘leqnired

The spouses were asked to identify and rate these same areas
within their m marriage. See Tahle 6.

The husbands and wives agreed in ranking spa-Ming family incoue
as the second and personal privacy as the sixth requiring the greatest
degree of adjustment. In all other six areas there was disagreement.
The husbands ranked personal freedom in use of time first while the
wives felt sexual activities reguired the most adjustment. The wives
ranked personal freedom in use of time as third. The husmnds ranked
sexusl activities third. The husbands felt that social activities re-

quired a greater degree of adjustment than in-luw relationships. This

'-4

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'41“ y.

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16
is the reverse.“ the vivss' "unis..- l'h wives runes religious activi-
ties ”nth and lutusl friends eighth, while the husbands felt that

lutusl friends required a greater degree of adjustment than religions

 

 

activities.
nus 6
"rum 0’ mar AREAS 0" AM” I! mm
INTFIACE Account: T0 DEGREE 01' AWN
REQUIRED ”‘ 990 muss us 9” 'IYIB'
Rank‘ iusbends ‘ Him
1 Personal Freedo- in Sexual Activities
Use of Tine , .
2 Spending rail: Income Spending J’s-11: Insane
3 Sexual Activities Personsl m in
Use or Tins ‘
h Social Activities In-Law Relationships
5 In-Lav Pelstionships Boeial Activities ' '
o Personal krivacy rersonsl rrivst
1 Intel Friends Religious Activities
8 Religious Activities mutual Prienis

.1.-th greatest degree of sdJustlsnt.
8-4!» last «gree of “Just-eat. ~

Length of Tins Required to Achieve
Sale Degree of AdJust-ent

The :50 husbands am wives ranked the eight areas in regard to
how long it took ms to ‘echieve sous adjust-ant.

Both groups ranked sexual sotivity as the area requiring the
greatest lust]! of tile to schim sale degree of sdJusbsnt.

The reader will notice thst there is lore disagree-sat then there
is egress-one even thongh the differences are slight. Ranking or the

husbsms' and wives' responses shared there vas disagree-eat in five out

q
A n,

V»'

 

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‘V

 

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27
of the eight areas. Most of the areas remained within one ranking of

each other.

TIBLE 7

Human OF EIGHT ARES 0F Anmsmzm s‘cconDII-n TO
Lihifl‘iii (rift; lbw Ti. Ulllb ll.) i~CiliLVEL {all fiJUuli’U if
(550 HUSBANEB AND 550'H1VLS) -

1'—

 

 

?nnk* Husbands Hives
l Sexugl Lotivitiee Sexual Activities
2 Spending Family Income InsLuv Relationships
3 In-Law Pelationehiys Spending Fhmily Inca-l
’6 Iersonel Freedom in l'ersonal Freedm in. .
Use of Time Use of Time
5 leligious Activitiea Religious Activities
6 Iarsonal Privacy Social Activities
.7 . Mutual Friends . Personal Privacy
8 Social.Activities Mutual Friends

I

*l~-Th Longest.
8--The Shortest.

Canineri son of Measures of Adjustment. ~

In order to facilitate e comparison among the three measures of
adjustment, the combined rankings of the husbands and vivea for each
criterion are being utilized.'

In relation to 511 three measures, the combinei resgonses of
husbands and wives hhowed that sexual activity 1nd syending f nily in-
come posed the two greeteet problems in their mnrri gee. The area of
nutunl friends; vhich is ranked seventh on all three criteria, is the
only other area where the same ranki n3 wws given on theoretical imyor-‘
trace, the experienced adjustment, and the length of time required to

edguet.

 

   

 

 

 

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comm-ms“: FAIIEII‘JG or FIGHT wnrrm Barman? .r.nr:.s
3! 55-0 HUSH? an m 550 UIVES BASED on Titan; crsmtrm

 

 

 

 

======r -—-—--» rm 4“ m =========
C P I 'f' F P I A
Degree of Degree of Lemtth of
hank“ Ingortance Adjustment Eieguired Kine to Adjust
l {Texurzl r‘-cti ities $91.13!]. Activities Sexual Activities
2 Spending Femily ‘ Spending Family Spending Family
Income Income Income
3 Feligious Activities Personal Freedom in In-an Eels-ationships
.. ‘ Use of Time
it In-Lmr fielctionchips ln-an Relationshigs Personal Freedom in
‘ = ' ' - Use of Time
5 Personal Freedom in Social Activities Religious Activities
Use of Time '
6 {Social Activities Iersoml Privacy l-ersonnl Privacy
7 ' Mutual Friends ' Nutml Friends Mutual Friends
8 _ lersoml Privacy lieligious Activities Social Activities

‘— A

‘41 is Grantest.
5 is vallect.

The rankings of religious activities indicate that this area is
considered important but it required the least amount of adjustment which
ms accounplished in a relatively short period of time. In the area of
personal privacy the degree of adjustment required cm} length of time
are the same, and are ranked higher than importance. Length of time
was also highest in 111431: relationship with degree of importance and
degree of adjustment required ranked the same. In the are“. of social
activities the respondents ranked degree of adjustment higher than degree
of importance with length of time rr-nked lover thnn both. The area of
personal freedom in use of time found degree of adjustment ranked higher
than degree of importance and length of time required to achieve some
adjustment. However, this area required a relatively long period of

time before sane adjustment was achieved.

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‘ ,_ , E 1’, x ..

CHAPTER VI
”JCT?! OF TIME REQUIRED NR ADJUSTMEM‘

To the individual considering marriage and the person recently
involved in s marital relationship an assessment of the areas considered
important and the amount of adjustment required could be interesting.
It is conceivable to understand how the individuals night he more in-
terested in the length of time required before some degree of harmony
existsr This question may also he inportant in evaluating existing
marital relationships. Therefore, the respondents in this study are
asked to indicate for each uritsl adjustment ares the tile required in
their marriage before sue degree of sdJust-nt was achieved.

Ir:- the respondents' replies s ranking of the eight areas and
s percentage calculation for each of the eight areas in regard to the
length of tins required ms possible.

When the responses were rsnked it was found that the hushsnds
and wives sgrsel that sexual activities, spending family inche, and
in~los relationships were the three areas this!) required the lamest
period of tine to achieve some adjustment. Considering the over-all
ranking, the husbands and wives agreed in the following three areas:
sexual activities, personal freedou in use of time, and religious activ-
ities. In {our of the five remaining areas the rankings were in close
prosinity, not lore than one rank difference. However, in the area of
social activities the husbands reported that this area required the

' 29

 

5'
,It

 

3o
shortest length or time to achieve sons degree or adjusment vhile the
wives considered it third from the shortest. Since each one of the
eight eress has a hearing on the respondents' marital sdJustnent, each

area is reported separately.

Sexuel fictivitieg
The wives reported thst sexual activity required the longest time
for sdJushent. The userity or the husbands stated they had «1de
sdJuetaent in the first two months or lorriege." eight. percent said it
too}: then longer than three years. ' In emoticon, less than hell 0! the
vives, 105.6 percent, reported that sexual 1113th required less then
three months while 6.2 percent took longerthsn'three years]
mm 9 ' _
I-IIIDTh' Of” TI'HE- Fh'JJJIF'ED AMBER MAR-RIMS T0 ACHIEVE

sous armzsmm' 1s smut acrxvrms
(550 HUSBANDS Ann :50 HMS)

 

~ . lushsnd . . \ Wife ,
Number Percent Number Percent

 

Length of Time

_..-AA.—

" v... _— .. w l________,_,.

o - 3 month. . . . . 281: 51.6% 251 we;

3 1- 6Months . . =‘. . “‘12 ‘13.: - 9'3 18.0

6 - 12 Months . . . . 61 11.1 6'9 12

12 - 36 Months . . . J 2: 10.2 ' 70 - 12.7 -

36 Months and Over . 8,0 315 6.2

BoFeply......."33 5.0-' 27 ‘53
W) e, e 550 ' loos” 550 100.0%

 

_V. w

 

Seventy-five and eight-tenths percent of the husbands and 76.2
percent of the elves found some sdJustIIent within the first tvelve
months. an. is quite sinilar to e study by Iandis or mrriagen not
restricted to college students. His report stated that of W9 couples

76.5 percent of the husbands and 75.2 percent or the wives achieved

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31
sexual adjustment Within the first year.1 It seems that more husbands
felt they had achieved some sdJustment earlier but over a space of two

years more wives had ..:chieved adjustment.

Spend i :13 Fem 1L1 no one

 

The husbands and wives both reported that adjustment to spending
family income required the second greatest degree of adJustment. See
Table 6, page 26. Considering the length of time to adjust in this area
the lsJority of husbands, 51.5 percent, achieved some adjustment within
the fir” m nonths while 37.5 percent of the wives reported the some.
On the other extreme 6.9 percent of the husbands and 5.2 percent of the
wives reported that adjustment had not been forthcoming until three or
more years has.passed. Thirty-two husbands and thirty wives did not
respond to'this portion of the questionnaire. If this is an indication
of an inadequate adjustment, 5.8 percent of the husbands and 5.3 percent
of the wives still have not achieved adjustment.

1 Lsndis in his study of #39 couples2 found that both the husbands
and vives rated spending family imome second to sexual activity when
considerim the length of time required to achieve adjustment. Landis
also found that 77.0 percent of the husbands and 75.6 percent of the
vives achieved adJustnent within the first year.3 A similar percentage

01' husbands in the present study adjusted within one year, but e larger

———_— w

lJ. r. Landis, "Length of Time Required to Achieve Adjustment in
Isrriege,',' {List-iota Sociolgggcsl Pevifg, Vol. XI (December 19%), p. 667.

2;;14., p. 669.
_ 3mg.

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32

TABLE 10

mass or urns 12.12st AFTER names so
ACHlLVE ALJULTMIHT 1n skisnxns FAMILI lfiCQHE
(550 madam; AND 550 WIVES)

‘ _
! ___

 

 

 

Husband Wife

Length of Time Ember Percent Ember Percent
0 3n "(fifths . . . . 28-3 51.5% 251 57.5%
3- 6Months . . . . 86 ' 15.6 91 16.6
6~12Months . . . . 56 10.2 91 16.6

- 36 Months . . 55 10.0 1:6 8.7
36 months and Over . . 38 6.9 ' 29 5.2
NO Reply e e s s e e e 32 -5-8 3o 5"

Ton-L . . . 550 100.0% 550 100.01,

percent, 80.1 percent, of wives in the college atmosphere found adJust-
sent in the first year of marriage. _. The" difference in these findings
may be due to the difference in financial pressure and roles of the
sgzouses. In the. study done by lLsndis and this project, approximately
the seas percentages and rankings were reported by the husbands and wives
for sexual activity and for spending family income. This would seem to
suggest that these two areas are of similar sinnificance in the marital

relationship.

Fersonal Freedom in gas or Time _
Ann-oriental: the sane percentage of husbands and vives, 53.6 per
cent and 5h.8 percent respectively, achieved adjustment in this area
during the first three swaths. Seventy-nine and eight-tenths percent
or the husbands were able to achieve some adjustment within the first
year of marriage. The same was true for 80.6 percent of the wives. Ten

and six-tenths percent of the husbands and 10.9 percent of the wives did

a"
q,l‘

re

 

\bo

33
not reply or stated that adjustment has required three or more years.

Since 37.? percent of the cougles have been mrried for three or more

years, this may be en imiication of inadequate adjustment.

TAMIL.

13mm or TIME. FEQUIRED AFTER MARRIAGE TO ACHIEVE
Awesome III FEE-.SGKAL name 12: can or Tim-'5.
(550 HUSBAM‘JS AND 550 Him) ;

     

" husband Vite
umber Percent Ember Percent ,

 

Length of Time

 

0 ‘ 3 months . . . ., 30° 55.5% 3’31 $.51!
3 - 6 Months. . . . 86 15.6 83 15.1
6 " 12 ”Oaths e e e e 53 9.6 59 10o?
12 "'- 36 Months . . . . 53 9.6 In 8.6
36 Months and Over . . 28 5.1 26 L7
3'10 391311 . . . . . . . 33 5.5 35 6-2

TOTAL . . . 550 100.0% 550 100.01.

#4 ___s_._.__.___

 

_' w W *— WW

In general, the husbands' and wives" responses are very similar.
This sinilarity is dmintained in their marative rankime of ‘personal
freedon n... of tine to the other seven erees of «Just-eat under the
topic lemth of the required before sale edjuetaent is schieved. How-
ever, ebenheon‘sidering another criterion, degree of adjustment required ,
the husbends rank personal fir-eedm~ in use of tine es the second host
demanding vhile the vives ran): it third. 6 This suggests that even though
the husbands end eivee required similar lengths'of time, the husbands
found it tore difficult then the fires to attain a. satisfactory condition

in the area of pee-sane]. freedom in use of tile.

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Feligious Activities

 

linking an adjustment in the religious life of a couple required
less time than half of the other areas. As far as the husbands were
concerned it required the least amount of adjustment. However, with the
vives the situation varied slightly. They ranked religious activities
next to last. See Tible 6, page 26. This finding coupled with the fact
that 71.3 percent of the husbands and 66d; percent of the wives achieved
adjustment vithin the first two months of marriage indicrtes that this
is an urea in which these husbands and vives adjusted readilj. Refer-

ence Table 12 helm.

Tram; 12

IENGTH OF TIME FEdEITFI:£ETER Mikel G T)
ACfllLYE ALJUETHEET IN FELJGIOES ACTIVITILS
(35-0 manna rm) 5-50 k’l’filfi)

 

 

WW
Husband Rife

Length of "inc Humber Iercent Number Percent
0 - 3 Menths '. . . . 392 71.3% 35-5 663*?»
3 "' 6 Months s o o s 2‘3 5.1 2) 503
.6 - 12 Months . . . . 25 h.6 h3 7.8
12 - 36 Months . . . . 37 5.7 35 6.h
36 Months and Over . . 30 5.10 32 5.8
No Reply . . . . . . . 38 5.9 #6 8.3
TOIAL . . . 550 100.”;‘, 550 100,01".

 

Judson 'I'. Lnndis reported similar fimiings and nude these comments:

This ease my be because many churches discourage 'mixed
mrriages.’ herents also encourage their children to msrry those
of their faith so that young people are more awoke to the problems
in this area than any other adjustment areas of marriage.

is ‘ . ~-...—sv..

 

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Ibid.

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{.1

35
Lsndis found that 80.3 percent of the wives and. 83.2 percent of the bus-

bands achieved adjustment within the first yea-n5 Cong-rutive figures
from this study ski-:1: thf“t 79.5 percent of the vives and. 81.0 gercent of
the husbands found z-ldgustment within the some period of time. Dr. Landis
also found that a Linger yer-centsage of wives thhn husbands had difficulty
reaching adjustment. One of the rewsons for the difficult-4, as inlicated
shove, are mixed religious marriages.

Out of the 5-50 mnrriages in this study, 69 couples reported inter-
faith marriages. 0f the {:3 mixed religious marriages, 39 husbands and 36
wives reported that adjustment was achieved within three months following,
marriage. There were more wives than husbands who neglected to ansver

this przrticulsr question. See Table 13.

TABLE 13

HZTETH OF TILE. FEJIIFILI; II? In‘i'J-LR -F.5-.IT3 I-h‘fir'lliaGIS

TO ACHIEVE AIUUETvSFNl‘ IN RELIGIOUS ACTIVITIIS

W

 

 

--... -- .. Husband Wife
Length of Time Number Percent Ember Percent
O c“ 3 Months . . . . 39 56.5% 36 52.2?
3 a 6M0nths . . . . 2 3.0 3 5.16
6 a 12 Months . . . . 7 10.1 7 10.1
12 - 36 Months . . . . 8 11.6 5 7.2
36 Months and Over . . 6 8.7 1.3 11.5
No Reels . . . . . . . 7 10.1 8 11.6

113711-110 e o g 69 100.0}; 69 100.0%

 

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36

Personal Prim;

This area was ranked as on. of the less important areas in regard
to the degree or manhunt required (ranked. nunber 6), and length of
the required. by both husbands and wives (ranked sixth and sovent‘n).6
The majority out the respondents found. adgustnent emulate within the
first thru mntha. -Four and. six-tenths percent of the husbands and
L8 percent of the rims did find it necessary to allow between one and
three years for adjustment. See Table 1h. Considering the total group,
personal. privacy does not «a to be a problem area. This does not

negate the fact that for a 1’" couples this no; he a major probla.

TABLE 1h

LEICTH or TIMI; Fi‘xJIEE-‘ED prim M3137" .acr; T3
ACHILVE Am’S’i‘ivEM-ET IE THE AREA OF mrsonu. 1 Elmer
(5.5:) mrsszams AND 550 WIVES)

     

Husband W11 1’s

 

 

 

Length of Time Number l'ercent Number Percent
G - 3 Months . . . . 37h 68.0% 3575 (553‘;:
3 - 6140mm . . . . 61; 11.6 86 15.6
6 - 1.2 Months . . . . 36 6.6 27 1:3
12 ' 35 Months . . . . 25 5.6 21» It):
36 Months and Over . . 2-53 3.6 16 2.9
NoP-eply....... 31 '56 33 6.0

- TOTAL . . . 550 100.0% 550 100.014..

WW 7

ésu re, p0 26) pt 27.

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37

SocieLActivitiee

The area \rhich vac listed es ranking eighth for the husbands and
sixth for the wives in thie criterion, length of time required to achieve
some degree of adjustment, was social activity. Adjustments in this are:
do not seen to be as difficult as taking adjustments in the areas of
sexual activities and spending fenil: inane. The husbands and wives
placed it aid-Ira: on the scale with rsnkime of tour and five respec-
tively. Reference Table 6, page 26._

tixtJ-tvo end nine-tenths percent of the husbands achieved sues
degree of adjustment before the third month of their marriage. Another
23.1 percent achieved adjustment in the first year of marriage. 81-11::

data for the wives was reported. See table helm.

TABLE 1)

LEIBTH or TIME. manna inns mamas-E TO
mam ADRJSINEM‘ ll soc-m1. ACTIVITIES
(55o Humans AND 550 was)

   

y—cns

 

 

 

 

‘ ‘ Husband _ Wife
Length of Time Number Percent Ember Percent
0 - 3 Months . . . . 3&6 . 62.9% 32m 62.5;
3- 6Months . . 7h 13.5 68 12.1;
b - 12_ months . . . . 53 9.6 53 10.2

12 ‘ 36 “01'1th e e e s 37 ‘607 36 60’
36 Months and Over . . 12 2.2 1.2 2.2
loReply....... 28 91 310 6.2

TOTAL . . . 550 100 0% 50 100.01.

 

’- "a

More husbands within the first six loathe found it easier to
adjust to the chhngeuof social activities than the wives, Dr. Lendie

round that four percent or the husbands and wives made an adJuetnent

 

 

 

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38
within the first year and 13.6 percent said there had never been a satis-
factory edJus’cment.7 The husbands' easier adjustment my not be e
phenomenon that is peculiar to the college atmosphere, because the hue-
bands continue to have, as students, social contacts through their sca-

dwic classes as the non-student husband does in his evoc:~.tion.

[tithe]. Friends

 

The area of mutuzl friends is ranked by the husbands nd wives as
one of the lesser areas requiring edgustment, ranking seventh and eighth
respectively. This is in agreement with the Landis study.8 He reported
that both the hush-ands and wives found this to be an ereu causing the
least amount of difficulty? A difference does exist in the rsnkims of
the length of tine required to achieve adJustment. The wives reported
that it tskes a longer time to achieve some degree of adjustment. See
1151. 1.6. The reason for this difference can 0111;},r be swtgested in that
the husbands unintein their college friends and the wives have to become
integrated into a new social circle. This difference does not seen to
pose snv Isjor problem since both the husbands and wives ranked it in the
lower third of the scale. The husbands seem to have more trouble adjust-
irg end require e longer period of time to arrive at some ndgustment.

The reverse is true of the wives as shown by the ranking of eight in
regard to the length of time required to achieve adjustment. See Table 7,

Page 27 .

A

7Judscm T. Lsndis, "Lemth of Time Required to Achieve Adjustment
in a Marriage,” I\.I.'1«':-ric::zn Sociols:=gic:=.l lie-view, Vol. XI (December 19%),
s. 670.

 

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39

TflBLE 16

LHCTII or TIM}; 1-25.31wi mm}: I-UMIAGE To Acmms
armmmx m ASCOCII-TIR} um: MUT 31L FRIEIIIZS
(55o Kiwanis mm 550 WIVES)

 

 

 

 

Husbands Wives

Length of Time h‘umber kercent “ number Percent
o - 3Months . . . . 37 67.695 386 7-0.2;
3 - 6 Months . . . . 6h 11.6 55 10,0
6 - lQMonths . . . . M6 8.}; 151 7J3
12 - 36 Months . . . . 31 5.6 29 5.3
36 Months and Over . . 8 1.5 8 1.5
NO Reply o O o e 0 o o 23 ’03 31 506

TOTAL . . . 550 100.01, 550 100.01.

V—

This is also illmtrnted by the fact. th.t 70.2 percent or the
wives and 67.6 percent of the 11:3th ’echimd adjustaent in the first.
two months of marriage. Eighty -seven and six-tenths percent. of both the
husbands and wives hadllachie-ved adjustment by the end of the first year.
See Table 16 (above.- A himilar figure of 38.5 Lercent was reported by
Len-dis for the percentage of husbands and wives achieving adjustment

within 8 year.

In-Lav Relationehijia
Unlike the preceaim area of lathe]. frienas, an equal yroportion
of huabuna; and wives have not achieved adjustment at. the end. of the
first year in the area of in—iav relationships. See Table 17. The
husband. and wives ranked. five em tour respectively on the degree of
aéjuatmenb required and rankings of two for the Viv-es and three for the
husbands in regarus to the length of time required were repurted. This

indicates that-tho wives have been slower than their husbands in

--—~

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ho
achieving some degree of ed3ushent.m This appraisal is supported by
the fact that 59.5 percent of the husbands in comparison to 55.3 percent
of the Vine reached some degree of adjustment within two "months after
marriage. By the end of the first year the difference in lessened, 77.2
percent for the huebends and 75.0 percent for the vine. Lendie recorded
similar data vhen 83.3 percent of the vine and 83.2 percent of the hue--

hands reported edJustnent at the end of one year-.11

T.’13LE 17

LIB-TH or 13.11: yawn-41:1) 11mm manna}: TO gum:
ADJUS'H-EM' In Iu-LAw Emmommrs
(550 Huwmm mm 550 warts)

 

 

Husbands Hivee ‘ .

_____Length of Time timber‘ Percent A limbo}; {Brecht
o - 3 Months . . . . 327 + 59.5% 305 55.3%
3- 6Honths... . 50 9.1 52: 9.5
6 - 12 Months . . . . 157 8.6 56 10.2
12 6 36 Month.- . . . . 5-5 - 10.0 6h 11.6
36 Months and Over . . 33 6.0 36 6.5
N08:m....¢.. 33 6.9 38 6.9
TDTM- . . . 55° 100.0% 550 100.“

 

flatter gm!)
Thie study of length of tine required by 550 husbands and 550
vine to achieve cone degree of adjustment indicates that within each
area evaluated over fifty percent of the husbands reported having

echimd adjustment in the firet three months. The vivee reported e

10m Table 7. P- 27.
uJudeon T. Lannie, ”Length of Time Required to Achieve AdJuetment
in e Iarriege,“ Americgn ggciolggicgi figviev, Vol. Xi (Decwber 19%).
p. 669.

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somewhat less satisfactory experience. In two areas , sexual activity
and arending famiJJ income, less than fifty percent of the wives said
that adjustment had been achieved during this period, These differences
became maller as more time elapsed. Thus in each area at least 75 per
cent of the husbands reported that adJustment had been reached by their
first anniversary. The same we true for the wives in seven creel. The
one dissenting area is pereoml freedom in use of tine for thick only
10.6 percent of the wives reported achieveuent of can degree of “Just-
neat. I
These facts suggest that e eieeahle portion of the adJusmente
took place during the first eix monthe. A large mJority or the epouee
reached an adjusment by the end or the am you. In general, the
husbands felt that they had eohimd cone “.1th earlier than t!-
vivee, but by the end or the second year the difference was negligible.
similar findings were recorded by Judson T. Landis.12 however, Lendie
did not include in his study the areas of personal privacy and personal

freedo- in use of time.

121mm. pp. 656-677.

 

 

 

 

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CMTER VII
CUE‘LI‘IET STACK. OF AMUS'IIEHI‘

After considering the respomnte' evaluations of their narriagee
an attempt was ends to ascertain what degree of adjusteent had been at-
tained. This attempt was made by! a question asking the-respondents to
describe each of the eight arose according to the degree of edJuetfiHt
experienced.1 I .

In each area studied, the overwhelming majority of respondents
reported that adjustment satiefectory to both spousee had been achieved.
Those dissenting from this favorable view varied from 12 percent to 29
percent in different 61:81.3 of adjustnent.

Fourteen percent of the husbands and seventeen percent of the
wives who responded identified the area of religion activity as an area
where no amount of adjustment has occurred. This “-8 the largest pro-
portion of ”no adjustment” responses obtained in an: at the areas.
Personal freedom in use of time is the largest area where the husbands,
13.3 percent, and wives, l3 .7 percent, have been able to mice adjustments
satisfactory for tbeueelvee or their spouses but have been unable to ace
complish‘ emplete agreenent. Bee Table 18.

The area having; the highest percentage of respondents reporting

mutually satisfactory adjustment is mutual friends. Personal privacy

A 4- _..—_Aa—

1The question used, number 1&2, is found in Appendix B and C.

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and social activities are second and third res;ectively. The fourth and
fifth positions are held by sexual activities and in-lnw relrtionshigs.
iersonnl freedam in use of time and religious activities have the small-
est percentage of respondents reporting mutually satisfactory adjustment.
flee Table 18, p. MB.

.An over-all picture of the adgustment is indicated by the number
of areas in.vhich both the husband and wife agree that satisfactory ed-
Justment has been achieved. Only 26.9 percent of the couples reported
having achieved total adjustment in all the eight areas under discussion.
In contrast, 1.” percent of the couples are unable to agree in any of the

eight areas. See Table I9.

TLBLE 19

8.".Z‘ISFE.CT )E’Y par-4733.31} RT ACE‘IEWSD BY 1371‘}! }-’z’\.‘?"7.‘f:'.*'“".f_}
OF 55-0 I‘LEI‘EL'GES I}! EIGIIT mans 0F M’IlTfiL AIJUL" 'iIflLET

 

Number Runner
of of

Areasi Couples Percent
8 Q I I O O I O O I O 1&8 I I 0 O O I O 26 09%
7 O O O O o e O O I 0 112 I O O O O O O 23 .h
6 C O O O O O 9 0 O O 67 C O O O O I O 15 .8
5 O O O O O O O O O 0 '7h 0 0 O O O O 0 l3 .5
h C O 0 O O O I O O 0 hi. 0 O O O O O Q 8 CG
3 O O O C O O O l O I no 0 O O O O O O 7 .3
2 e c e e e o o e e o 2‘) e c e o c o o 3 06
l D O O O O O O I O O 7 Q O O I O 0 I 1 03
O O O I O O O O O O O 8 O O O 0 O 0 O 1 Oh

‘0 Ref 1; I I O O 0 O 0 lo 9 O O O O Q 0 1.8

TWFEL O o O 550 O I O O O I O 100 .0":

 

*These represent areas in'which satisfactory
adjustment to both partners was reported.

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-.__.,._.

CHAPTER VIII

RESPOI‘EIEHES WHO WOULD HGT FII’EAT A (muss FsP$EIIzGE--

A CC‘MPAF ISON TO TEE TOTAL SAMPLE

One measure of sdJustnent to a college marriage or any marriage
in for the person to answer the question, “Would you do it again!" when
this question was asked of the 550 husbands and wives, h€2 husbands and
M3 wives gave a positive reply.

the balance of the 1100 respondents, 77 husbands (11» percent)
and 83 wives (15.1 percent) replied "no" when asked if they were unner-
ried and knew what they know now about the special adjustments of e
camzme misge would they marry before finishim college.

'There were thus 160 negative responses to the question on whether
the individual would repeat a campus marriage. Only 66 of the 160 were
marriage partners. This want that, of the 12? marriages represented
by these negative responses, 33 or about one-fourth were unsatisfactory
to both partners, but three-fourths were unsatisfactory to only one of
the partners.

Approximtel: one-fourth of both the husbands and wives did not
give any reason for their negative reply. However, of those who did
explain the largest mmber gave a reason such as "It takes too much time
ewe: frm studies." Other reasons were: ”I wouldn't marry before I had

a BA. degree“: 'It would depend if we had enoUgh none-y." See Table 20.

1‘5

\I

 

W20

mmmm
mmsmumm

 

 

Inseam Wives
Ransom # lube: haunt lube: Percent
MOIM'seeeeeen no“ u 13.3,
Interferes with School Work. 21 27.3 23 21.7
Interior-es with Camus Activ-
it: end Freed:- of Tine . . 10 13.0 11 13.3
Hounn't lam Before LA. . . 11 n.3 7 a.»
omressssssssses‘ 502 9 10.8
“3"1’00000000‘00m “.0 a “0,
TOTAL . . . 77 100.01. 83 100.0;

 

1

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myom‘ evolution or their sdJustnent. I! the respondents felt
thymeruutornrrisgsusshoeouiured.

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37

It will be noticed that 19.8 percent of the wives in the total
sample and 25.3 percent of the wives in this. group had mykted twelve
years or less of fomal education. Twenty~seven and seven-tenths per
cent of the wines who would not repeat a campus mrrie e in cmpsrison
with 26. 2 percent or the wives in the total sample had received their
bachelors degree. or the husbands who would not repeat s campus nar-
riage, [3.9 percent had completed college while 27.5 percent of the bus-
Ibands 1n the total Bangle had achieved the some level of education.
However, in the percentage of husbands who have post-graduate education
there is s different picture. Forty-two and nine-tenths percent of the
husbands who would not repeat s campus nsrrisge and 31. h percent of the

husbsnds in the total samnle have education beyond sixteen years.

TABLE 21

PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTIOI OI HUSBAHIB AND WIVES IN THE
TOTAL EM’LE AND THOSE “HO WCXJLD EDT WIPE-ET A CAMPUS
' ‘ MARI-21.75103 ACCOFDIM T0 EHJCATIOKAL STATUS.

M
' ' Those Who would
Rot Repeat A

 

 

 

Years of Campus Marriage Total Sample
Education #4
Gangleted ' Husbands Wives Husbands Wives
12 Years and Less . . . 3.9% 25.3% 2.5“: 19.3%
13 Years . . . . . . . 3.9 11.8 h.6 10.9
13 Years . . . . . . . 5.1 7.3 11.8 13.3
1510a" . . . . . . . 13.0 7.3 20.6 11.1»
16!”.2‘8 s e s e e e s 6.9 27.7 27." 26.2
17 Years . . . . . , 18.2 12.0 12.9 5.8
18 Years and Over . . . 251.7 3.6 18.5 2.1»
Nofieply . . . . . . . 1.3 12.0 1.6 13.2
TOTAL . . . 100.3; 100.0% 100.0% 100.03;

_i w —.—.—

‘Percentage calculations are based on 550 husbands am
590 wins in the total sample, and 77 husbands and 83 wives
in the group who would not repeat s campus marriage.

 

 

 

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1;.

J

Length of Marriage

There is e suller percentage, “.9 percent, of respondents who
have been harried less than three years in the group who would mt marry
while in oonege than in the total sample. The percentage of respondents
harried less than three years in the total sample is 61.8 percent. How-
mr, the situation is Just the reverse for those marriages consummated
for threeyeers or more. This would seem to suggest that it is the
couples who have been married three years or more that find campus life
difficult an unsatisfactory}

In the group who would not repeat a campus marriage 1.6 percent
of the marriages containing one or both spouses had been consummated
less then three months. There were 128, 23.3 percent, marriages of one
year or less in the total sample. or the people who would not repeat a
college wriage there were twenty mrriages, 15.7 percent, represented
in this group. when the length of marriage is increased to three years
or more there is e greater difference in percentage. In the total sample
there were Zlo‘lnrrisges, 38.2 percent, of three years or more in length.
0! the nerriages in which one or both spouses would not repeat a campus

Iarriege, 7O marriages, 55.1 percent, were of three years or more dura-

tion.

g; ,. . ~ .
1Proportiomate1.)r there is a difference of 17 percent in the

“It at nrrieges contained in the three—year or more categories. The

group who would not repeat is the larger figure in the proportion. This

us: have sons bearing on the calculations.

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'H'hsre sre 77 husbeode end 83 wives who would not
rspest s mus mines, rem-seating 160 ssrrieges. Of
thesei60ssrrisges therewers33 isrhiohboth spouses, .
ststed thst the: would not repest s caspus ssrriage. There-
fore, we srrive at s totel of 127 nrrisges inwhich one or
both spouses would use upset I seems mugs.

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50
cums marriage 11.? percent were within this age bracket. In the 30-3h

sge range there were 2. 6 percent of the husbands who would mt repent s
campus marriage in comparison to O 9 percent of the husbands oi’ the total

sample mrried during this period.

um 23

7 DISTRIBUTION OF 1301'“. SW MID FISI‘OHNM‘S
H210 HOULD HOT REPEAT A CAMPUS WSEIACE
ACCC‘RDIM 1'0 AGE A? TM 0? MFRIAGE ' '

 

Those Who Would.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Rot Repeat A
. - CHIP" Nerrisge '~ ' Total Bapls
A80 at Husbands Hives ’ Husbands ‘ Hives
Tine of A ~ “~' A 7— W -
lax-rises ., 30. Percent lo. Pmt - lo. Pen-seat no. Percent
15 - 19 m. . 911.“) 13. 35 :3 9.6% 126 2291‘
20 - 2h irs. .50 6h .9 65 77.1 378 68.7 393 71.».

30-35 11's.. .2 2.6 0 , ... 5 .9. ,_ 1, .2
3030111: re «0- - wee wot-«w... l -~~---.9 0-~ ess

rent... .77* 100.0% {53 100M 550 100.01. 550' 100.0;

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25 - 29 121.4: .16 20. 8. 3 fl 9. 5‘ 1.13 ‘ 20.6 30 5.5

In the age bracket of fifteen to nineteen at the time of marriage
ths wiwes' findings are the opposite of the husbands. In tin totsl
samplewthfi'e hrs" 22.9. finent'bfw the wiwes who harried (luring this time.
However, only 13.3 new otthswiweewho said. thyme-steepest a

college-swimmers.“ this sgs. this suggests thttheegree or
“antistatic: is lower in the younger group. ‘

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51

Length of Engagment
A difference in this area is among the maple who hsd no engage-
ment; however, engagement of less than nine months seems snore populsr
with the would not repeat group. or the total sample on]: 3. 8 percent
marriages were contracted without an engngs-ent period. In contrset,
7.9 percent or the marriages in which one or both spouses would not re-

pent s eupus marriage were censmnsted without an $233M period.

TABLE 23

DIS'Z‘Y’IBUTIOH OF TOTAL SAMPLE AM) PFSJ’OEIENTS
WHO woum HO! FEI’L'AT A CAMPUS HARRIAGE
ACCOVDIIK} TO LEPCTII OF EEGAGD‘LEI

 

.. . Those Who Would .. -

 

 

 

Hot Repeat A
Le???“ Campus Marriage . Totnl W10
Engagement number I’ercent Plumber Percent ,
No Engagement . . . . 10 ”7.9% .. , 21 ' 3.81
O‘BWth‘ssss T 505 53 901
3 - 6 Months . . . ., 36 28.3 13h 2m;
6 - 9 Months . . . . 51 32.3 151 27.5
9-12Months. so s 8 63 55 10.0
12 Months and Over. . 25 19.7 136 21! .6
100.“

MAL . .U. 127 ms“ '* 550

. f

 

Mott-tour end tour-tenths percent of the total sample were Ill"-
risges which were omitted otter three to six nonthe' engagment.
Twenty-eight end three-tenths mat of the misses of those who
would not repest s campus Isl-rises were command sfter this length
of wt.

Considering Witt! of one yesr and longer, the percentages

of marriages, 19.7 percent, in which one or both spouses would not repeat

 

 

 

 

 

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52
s campus Innings is larger than the percentage of marriages in the total
sample, 2h.6 percent.

The largest percentage of both groups, 32.3 percent for those who
would not repeat a campus marriage and 27.5 percent for the total sample,
reported an engagment period of six to nine months. There is s larger
percentage of emagements of less than nine months in length for those
who would not repeat 1 campus marriage, 7h.0 percent, than there is for

the total sample, 69A percent.

Readiness for Marriage

More husbands than wives in the total sample steted tint they
were reed: for marriage at the age at which they were married. This is
also true for those who would not repeat s campus marriage. Conversely,
more wives than husbands in both groups stated that they were not read:
for nerriage. 0f the total sample, 3.5 percent more husbands than wives
were ready for marriage. In the group who would not repeat a campus 3r-
riage there is a difference of 7.9 percent between the husbands and wives.

The percentage difference is more pronounced within the groups
who stated that they were not ready for marriage. In the total sample
1.5 percent more wives than husbands stated that they were mt ready for
nnrriage. In the group who would not repeat a Campus marriage, 5.9 per
cent more wives than husbands felt that they were not ready for marriage.

There were 19.1 percent more husbands in the group who would not
repeat s campus marriage and who were not ready for marriage then there
were husbands in the total sample who were not ready for ml‘rifige. The

some comparison for the wives is true with 23.5 percent.

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FepeaieACanpus Marriage ‘ ' Total Seaple
"WW“ °n nusbsnss Hives Elsbslfls Hives
Readiness for ~
Marriage 30. Iercent No. Iercent Ho. Percent Ho. Percent
Yes . . . . . . . 79.9% 51 63.01 #90 89.0$ #70 85.9%

NoRele . . . . .5 2 2.5 8 1.5 19 3.5
TOTAL . . . 100.“ 31 100.01’ 55° 100.“ 59° 100.“

 

)6

m e e e e e e e a wsé x 3hs§ ” 9., 61 11.0
1
79

 

~—

*Reedinss st marriage detsnimd w self-evolution relsted to
age st lax-rings. Reference question h8, Appendix 3 and c.

W
Thus,pr«edweuusedhdst¢eisstberukigsotthsm

shown-otnputceenpusurriqeuusuedtortbetotslm.

Degree or Adjust-set

' I? The rankings'oi’ the total ssnple end the rankings of the respond-
ents who would'not repeat s csnpus mrriage are very similar in regsrds
to deteninina the ares men mum the greeteet degree or «Jun—n.
There is one difference. 'Inthe totsl sesmle the renkim wee {earth for
in-hw reletionships and fifth for mid activities, the reverse of the
rsnkiius w the 'responients who would not repeat a campus larriege. Re-
ligions sstiwit: he ranked as seventh by the respondents who would mt
rspest e campus urriage end nutual friends as eighth, the reverse of
the renkiqs of these sress by the total sample. See followim teble.

 

 

 

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Renh' Repeat e m lsrriege Total Sample
1 Sexual Activitiee sexual Activities
2 Spending mu Income Spending 1.11: Inca-e
3 Personal hem in Person]. hes“ in
Use or Tins Use of use ,
I Social Activities Ill-Lew Reletionshipe
5 In-Lew Relationships Social Activities
6 Personnel Priucy Persons]. Privacy
3 Religious Activities lutual triads

Iutuel Friends Religious Activities

A4 Ah A—L.‘

" " 'lucreetest degree of “Just-set natured.
- Bed-soot degree to! sum muirei.

v—r— *— ——v v

Ti- Reguired to Achieve Sue Degree of Adjustment

Isuesleetiwitieswesmhsees themeroueree integrate
loath of ties requiree to eehieee sue adjushsnt. The respodslts she
would Int repeat e was nrrisge rented in-lee relationships secoel is
Imuflti-euemt-ihimouees third. This isthereweree
ottherenhimshythtotelmle. Hamstrintgisthetectthetthe
W she “14 m Inset e campus mrriege ranked social activi-
ties es sixth en! personsl prime: es eighth. The total couple rented
ml prune: ee sixth ed sooiel ectivitdes es eighth. Reference
toileeim tehle.

 

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TABLE 27

EAEKIPD 0F EIGHT “WAS 01’ MFI'IAL ADJUSTIEM
ACCJRDIN} TO Il-I'ETH OF THE FE; 1FEEL" TO
ACHIEVE 804E: DEGIGEZE 0F ADJUSTIA-IEHI'

W
Those Who Would Not

 

Rank? ‘ Helmet a Campus Marriage ' Total Sample
l Sexual Activities Sexual Activities

- -2 Ira-Lav Relationships ' . , Spending Family Incline
3 Fyending Family Income In-Iav Relationships
k I'ersoncl Freedon in «. - Personal Freedom in

Use of Time Use of Time
. 5 Religious Activities Religious Activities

6 Social Activities Personal Privacy
2 Mutual Friends Mutual Friends

Personal Privacy Social Activities

“la-Longest length of tin: required.
8--S.hortest length of tine required.

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Crmntjtite ofidjuetnent

Adjustment Satisfactory to Both
The rankings assigned the eight areas are identical in both the
total sample and respondents who would not repeat s campus mrriege,
except in one instance. Those who would not repeat s campus maniage
ranked religious activities as seventh and personal freedom in use of
time as eighth in talking of areas in which sdJustment is satisfactory

to both. In the total sample this ranking is reversed. See table below.

TABLE 28

mmrn or 2mm AEEAS or mama. immm'
Iii macs AH Amsnnzrr exrzsmoram
TO BOTH HAS mm ACHIEVED
W
‘ Those who would sot '

 

new . ’ Repeat s c:-pue Herrings . .' Total Sanple
1 ~ Mutual Friends . Mutual Friends
2 * » I'm]. Privacy ~ , Personal Privacy
3 Srending Family Income Spending Family Income
t Social Activities Social Activities
5 In-Lav Pelationshipe In-Lav relationships
6 Sexual Activities Semlictivitiss
7 Religious Activities - Personal Freedan in
~ , Use of Time A
8 Persmai Freedom in fieligiovs fictivities
Use or Tine -

A A _‘n A

A 4“ A
— “Ff *- v..—

—— -———v _— wfi i

*le-Aree in which largest masher have achieved adjustaent

satisfactory to both.
534mm in which smallest number have achieved adjustment

satisfactory to both.

 

 

 

 

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No Adjustment Achieved

Religious activities is ranked by both grouxrs as the largest area

in which no adjustment has been achieved.

Sexual activities is the sec-

ond largest area of inadequate adjustment for the respondents who would

not repeat s crzmzrrus msrzi 238 and is ranked fifth by the tote 1 sample.

Income is ranked fifth in the ranking of areas of no adjustment by the

ones who would. not

sample .

In-lev relationships, social activities,

‘2‘"'-;'C‘8t 6 333114113 marriage and eighth by the total

rsonel privacy, and.

mutual fiiends received lover rankings by those who would not repeat a

campus mrriege then they did bf the total sample.

TAKE 29

I‘mm fill? VF IICKIT Ailexs 0F Fun
11': 3113311 13'.) "IJE'E '1121 «T L353

3.5L ILHAIITI
AN“

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Those Who Would Not
Panic. Pepest a Campus Earrings Totrl Snmple

=1 ‘ Felt-"210212: Activities Religicus Activities

2 Sexual Activities In-Luw relationships

3 I‘erscrszl Freedw in Ierscnsl Freedom in
Use of Time Use of Time

II Sgending; Family Income Social Activities

5 . III-Lav Iiielntionshij-Qs Sexual Activities

6 8003.221 :‘2ctivities Perscml lrivacy

7 Personal Privacy Mute n1 Frienfie

8 Mutual Fri ends Stem-Sim? amily Income

_— 4'“ LL; A
w ‘7— ‘7

'1-«4‘2ren in which largest umber have not achieved adjust-

ment .

Barman in which smallest unaber have not achieved

adjustment .

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A null percent of the couples, 15.1 zercent of the vives and
1h.o percent of the husbands, said that they would mt rejmst a csmggus
marriage. {The biggest reason given was "Interfere-s with school work."
This coincides with the fact that persoml freedom in use of time proved
to be a difficult adewtrnent area)

The group stating that they would not repeat a college marriage
differed from the total semisle in the following resgecte:

(1) Tom; had a higher yercentege of husbands in graduate
schools.

(2) Higher percentage of wives bed at least a bachelors degree.

(3) They had been married for a longer period of time.

(h) Higher percent.:~ge of emegc'mente were less than nine months.

(5) Higher percentagjje were mrried before the age of 20 years.

One of the most striking; responses was in ansmr to the question
on readiness for Marriage. It will be remembered that 26.6 percent of
the husbands and 3&5, percent of the wives who would not repeat a campus
marriage also stated that they were not ready for marriage at the age at
which they were married. This is in contrast to resgectlve gercentages
of 9.5 PGrcent and 11.0 percent for the total steeple.

In comemng the rankings of the group who stated they would not
repeat a campus marriage in specific areas of adjustment the following
differences were noted:

(1) A higher :ercehtqge of the ”non-regents" group reported

sexual activities as on area in which no adJustment hzd been achieved

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(2) A higher percean of the 'non-repeats" had achieved no
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4:45 coincides: with the fact that:

(3) The hon-regeatera" stated it reqxured a smaller degree of
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(3) Social activities reguired a greater degree of adjustment
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(5) A larger percentage of the ”non-re;=eatcrs" achieved a more
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(6) in the area cf 1n-lav relationships the "nannrepecters' had

slightly lesa trouble achieving a satisfactory aclgustmcnt then the total

group.

 

 

[\I
-

henna
QUESTIONNAIRE FOR MARRIED STUDENTS, MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY
(H. is used For Husband; V. is used For Vii.) ‘

 

 

Who is the M.S.U. student? H _______ W _______ Both ...... ; Full-time, H _______ W _______ ; Part-time, H _______ W _______
How many years of formal education have you had? H ________ W. ______________
Your vocational aims? H.___ ___________ W _______________________________

 

 

 

How long have you been married? ___________________________________________________________________________
What were your ages when you were married? H _________ W _________
How long did you know each other before marriage? ____________________________________________________________

How long were you engaged? _--

 

_—_———————.———————.—_——_ —.—.—

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Who officiated at your marriage? Minister ______ Justice of the Peace ______ Rabbi ______ Priest ______ Other (explain) ______
If married by a clergyman, were you married in a church? ______ At home? ______ Parish or rectory? _______ Other (explain)
Did your parents approve of your marriage? Husband, Yes ______ No ...... Wife, Yes ....... No ......
If your parents disapproved, what was their basis for disapproval?
Husband Wife
Your education ________ Your education ________
Financial reasons ________ Financial reasons ________
Your choice of a mate. ________ Your choice of a mate ________
Other (explain) ____________ Other (explain) ______________
How much cash money did you have to begin your marriage? H.-- W.

 

Approximately, what was the value of the material things you had to begin your marriage? 1. Automobile ______________

2. Furniture ____________ 3. Property ____________ 4. Furnishings __________ 5. Other (explain) _____________________

 

Approximately, what did your wedding cost?__ __
Who paid the major expense for the wedding? 1. Bride’s parents ______ 2. Bride ....... 3. Groom ______ 4. Other (explain)

———___—_——.———_—__ _— ——_——_———————__——_

 

How extensive a honeymoon did you have? 1. Time __________ 2. Distance traveled ________ 3. Approximate cost ________
Who paid the major expense of the honeymoon? 1. Groom _______ _.- 2. Groom’s family ________ 3. Bride’s family ________
4. Other (explain) _____________ _

In what size community did each of you live previous to completion of high school?
Husband Wife

 

 

 

1. Farm or rural area ________________
2. Town under 10,000 ________________
3. City under 100,000 ________________
4. City under 1,000,000 ________________
5. City over 1,000,000 ________________
What is your religious preference? Husband, Catholic ______ Jewish ______ Protestant ...... None ...... Other (fill in)_-
____________ ; Wife, Catholic__--__ Jewish______ Protestant-____- None______ Other (fill in)___________.___________
What is your parents’ religious preference?
Husband Wife

Father __________________ Mother ________________ Father __ _-- Mother _
What was your parents’ marital status when you entered high school? 1. First marriage, H _____ W ..... 2. Remarriage, H _____
W _____ 3. Separated, H _____ W _____ 4. Divorced, H _____ W.____ 5. Widowed, H ..... W _____
How would you classify the married life of your parents?

Husband Wife

1- Extremely happy 1. Extremely happy
2- Moderately happy 2. Moderately happy
3- Satisfactory 3. Satisfactory
4. Unhappy 4. Unhappy
5- Very unhappy 5. Very unhappy

(see other ide)

65

22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.

29.
30.

31.

32.

33.

34.

35.

36.

37.

38.

39.

40.

What was your father’s occupation? H ____________________________________ W _________________________________
What was your mother’s occupation, if other than homemaker? H _______________________ W ________________________

What are your parents’ present ages? Husband, Father____Mother-_--; Wife, Father____Mother_.__._

Your parents’ education? Husband, Father ______________ Mother ____________ ; Wife, Father __________ Mother __________
How large a family do you come from? H ____________ W ___________ /

How many children do you have? ________ Their ages __________________________________________________________ .
Would another baby, or a baby prevent you as a M.S.U. student from continuing college at this time? Yes ._._,___No-_-_

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Would be difficult to continue _- __

What is your present approximate monthly income? ______ _

What are your sources of income? Husband’s salary-___--_2_ .- Wife’s salary ______ . _____ Veterans Bill . ........... Scholar-
ship __________ Loan __________ Other (explain) _______________________________________________________________
Do you receive some financial help from your parents or family? Husband’s family, Yes ....... No _______ Wife’s family,
Yes _______ No ...... If you do receive some financial help, approximately how much a month? ____________

Is the husand’s job full time? ...... Part time ...... What is the job? ______________________________________________
Is the wife’s work full time? _______ Part time ...... What is the job? ____________________________________________
How is the wife’s paycheck used? _______________________________________________________
Who cares for the children while she is employed? Husband_-__ Relative____ Neighbor, no pay____ Neighbor, paid_____-
Baby sitter ______ Paid foster parent ______ Other (explain) _ _--

Approximately, how much do you spend per month for the following? Food ______ Shelter--. -2- Clothing ...... Insurance
_______ Medical expense______ Car payments______ Car upkeep_.___-_ Recreation---___ Other (explain)-________---
How many individuals are covered in the above budget?___-_..

 

 

If you included insurance in your budget what does this cover? Automobile ______ Hospitalization and/or accident ________ 0
Life ...... Fire ______ Other (explain) ....... _ _________
Where do you live? Apartment ______ MSU Housing ...... Rented House ...... Own house _____ Trailer-_-..__-_ Other

( explain ) __________ _ ___________________
Who in your family under normal conditions does the following household and home tasks?

Husband Wi

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Sets the table 7 . ..
Clears the table ..

................................................

Does the dishes ........
Makes the bed.

Gets breakfast ...................................................
Gets lunch ..........................................................
Gets dinner ........................................................
Takes care of the garbage and trash

Takes care of the yard ......

 

 

........................

""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""

Cl
E]
E]
[I
E]
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E]
D
E]
Cleans and dusts ...................................................... [2]
Does the washing ..................................................... [3
Does the ironing. . . . . .......................................... [j
Prepares the budget. ............................................... D
Pays the bills ....................................................... E]
Shops for groceries ................................................... [Z]
Shops for furniture and/or home furnishings . . . . . ....................... E]
Shops for a car ....................................................... E]
Shops for clothing. . . . ............................................... D
Picks up and puts away the clothes ....................................... E]
Feeds the baby ........................................................ El
Bathes and dresses the children ........................................... [:1
Changes the baby .................................................... D
Sees the children eat the right food ...................................... E]
Sees the children go to bed on time ................................... . . .E]
Disciplines the children. . . . ............................................ E]
Cares for the children when they are sick .................................. [j
Teaches the children how to do things ..................................... E]

DDDDDDDDE}DDUDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD
DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD

Arrest s -

QUESTIOI‘TEHT‘E FOR MfPFIED S'l‘U'DENI‘S, MICHIGAN STATE mrglfl
HUSBAND -

These last nine (9) Questions have been arranged. in such e in: an to
enable you, if you wish, to enner the questions individually, These quee-
tione 81:13881' on 6&3th sheets or paper and a plain envelope is enclosed
1! you prefer to return your questionnaires separately. If so, please .
print the follovizr; address on the enveloPe and deposit it in e Campue -.
hail Bow-DP... m R. Fm, SCHODL or SOCIAL WORK, 225 HOFRIIL BALL,
cad-ms. Ho postage is required it nailed on campus.

mlloeing are the nine chief areas of edJustznent found in marriage.

’51. Rate the following true 1 to 9 according to which you feel are the
am inportant areas of adjustment in e marriage. (1 is the most
important, 9 is the least important.)

a

Child trainizu . . . . . . . __ Religious activities . . . __
In-lev relationships . . . . ____ Sexual activities . . . . __
Mutual friends . . . . . . . _____ Social activities . . .-. . _
Eersoml free-den in use of time Spending funiLv income . . _

Persoml privacy e e e e e e

ha. Rate the degree of adjustment you have experienced in these areas
by usim the folloflrg code.

1.-Ad.justrnent satisfactory to you only.
2.~Ad,3ustment satisfactory to spouse only.
Bp-Adjustnent satisfactory to both.

.--50 adjustment.

Child training, . . . . . . . __ Religious activities . . . __
In-lev relationships . . . . __ Sexual activities . . . . __
Hutuel friends . . . . . . . __ Social activities . . . . _
Personal freedom in use or time Spending family income . . __

P.r.Qm1 privacy e e e e e e

’33. Fete from one to nine those areas in your marriage that required the
greatest degree of adJustment on your part. (1 is the greatest, 9 ie
the least.)

Child. training . . . . . . . Feligious activities .
Iii-1m relationship. . . . . Sexual activities . .
lutuel friends . . . . . . . Social activities . .
Perml {realm in use of time Spending family income
Pereomlprivacy. . . . . .

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67

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eollege'f lee“. D“. W! ”Smirk: in n.“ A A M “iii;

L _‘LLA_“.__A-—_LF

 

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APPE PINK 5;

Qt snommrm FOR M‘I7: IID ETUIJEI- ,MICHIEI—‘H BTWI‘E mmsm
VIFFS

Those last nine (9) Questions have been arranged in such a way as to
cmblo you, if you wish, to answer the questions individually. These quen-
tionc appear on separate sheets 0: paper and a plain envelope is enclosed
if you prefer to return your questioxmsiree separately. If so, please
print tho following address on the cmeloyo and deposit it in a Campus
Mail Bozo-DR. MYRTLE R. 11113111., SCHOOL 01" SOCIAL WORK, 225 MOERILL HALL,
GWEUB. lo postage is required if nailed on comrus.

Following are the nine chief are“ of adjustment found in marriage.

hl. Rate the 1’01le from} to 9 according to which you feel are the
most important areas of adjustment in a marriage. (1 is the most
in; ortant, 9 is the least in; ortant ) " ' '

Child training . . I. . . . , Feligious activities .

In-lav relationships . . . ‘. ___. ‘Eexual activities '. . . . :
llutual friends . . . . . . . -____ Social activities ., ¢ . . __
Personal freedom in use of time____ Spending family income . . _...

Piriompfimcyocroco.. “..' a
#2. Rate the degree of adjustment you haw cmrionoed in these areas
by using the follouirg code.

1.-~Ad.jusmsnt satisfactory to you only.
2.--Ad.justnent satisfactory to epouse only.
3.--fi.djustment satisfactory to both.

Mum: adjustment.

Child. training . . . . . . . Religious activities .

_.— . . CHI—.0
111-18' relationships . Q 0 Q serial acuflt‘ies O O Q Q ..‘
Mutual friends . . . . . . . Social activities . . . . __
Personal freedom in use of time: Spending family income . . _...

Personal privacy . . . . e o

1&3. Rate from one to nine those areas in your marriage that required the
greatest degree of adjustment on your part. (1 is the greatest, 9
is the least.)

Child, training , , . . . . . Feligious activities . .
Ira-lav rekztionshipfl . . . . Sexual activities . . .

Mutual friends . . . . . . . Social activities . .
Personal free-61cm in use of timo Spending family income
Personal privacy . . . . . .

U C O O

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16‘.

69

Indicate by the following code the masher of months or years your
marriage required before some degree of adjustment was achieved.

A-nZero to 3 months Dal year to 3 years
B--3 months to 6 months E--3 or more years
C--6 months to 1 year

Child training; . . . . . . . Religious activities .

In-lav relationships . . . -. Sexual activities . . . . __
flutual friends . . . . . . . Social activities . . . o _..,
Personal freedom in use of time Spending family income . . __

Personal privacy . o o o . . _..

If you were unmarried but knew what you know now about the special
adJustnent of a campus marriage, muld you marry before finishing
college! Yes . h‘o____. may?

Would you recommend a college mrriage for a friend! 193*. no .
Depend . (Emil-air!)

 

Hour old were you when you Vere married! ____. Your husband! ___,
Do you feel you were ready for marriage at that age!

Bot old were your parents when they were mrried? Father _.
Mother _..

aw _mmrh l" .
1d.
.

v"

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185