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The author wishes to acknowledge the guidance and
understanding of Dr. Mason E. Miller throughout the developw
ment and completion of the special problem. The helpful
suggestions of Bernetta Kahabha and Jean McClung are also
gratefully acknowledged. Dr. Mary Gephart's counsel and
advice are also remembered with heartfelt gratitudea

Also to the South Dakota State Extension Service and
South Dakota State University, the author extends thanks;
for support of the study and actual help in collecting and
processing the data. And to the families who graciously
gave their time and information are hereby extended a warm

and cordial thank you.

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10.

LIST OF TABLES

Types of Mass Communication Used by
Hutchinson County Families. . . . . . . . .

Occupation of Family Male Heed Sampled
in Hutchinson County, South Dakota. . . . .

Education of Homemakers Sampled in
Hutchinson County, South Dakota, 196% . . .

Age of Homemakers Sampled in Hutchinson
County, South Dakota, 196%. . . . . . . . .

Incomes of Families Sampled in Hutchinson
County, South Dakota, 196%. . . . t . . . .

Responses of Selected Hutchinson County,
South Dakota,Homemakers to the Question
on "Ways Families Get Their Clothing" .

Responses of Selected Hutchinson County,
South Dakota, Homemakers to the Question,
"Who Selects and Buys Clothing?". . . . . .

Responses of Selected Hutchinson County,
South Dakota, Homemakers to the Question,
"Do You Think it Is Harder or Easier to
Buy Clothing These Days than it was Two
or Three Years Ago?". . . . . . . . . . . .

esponses of Selected Hutchinson County,
South Dakota, {omenekers to the Question,
"Why Do You.Think So?" (Tdat Clothing Is
Easier or Harder to Buy These Days Than It
Was Two or Three Years Ago) . . . . . . . .

Responses of Selected Hutchinson County
South Dakota, Homemakers to the Question,
"Do You.Want to Know More About Kinds of
Clothing to Help in Selection and Buying?".

iv

Page

15

16

16

l7

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19

19

20

21

21

12.

13.

Page

Responses of Selected Hutchinson County,
South Dakota, Homemakers to Question, "Why
Do You Like or not Like to Sew?". . . . . . . 22

Responses of Selected Hutchinson County,
South Dakota, Homemakers to the Question,
"What Do YOu.Like to Sew Best?" . . . . . . . 22

Responses of Selected Hutchinson County,
South Dakota, Homemakers to the Question,
"What Would'YOu Like to Be Able to Sew
Better? " O O O O O I I O O O O O O O O O O. O O 23

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randomly selected honenuhers to a pre~deteruined list of
questions in Home Economics subject matter areas as a

basis for future evaluations. The selected areas of Home
Economics subject matter included: Foods and Nutrition;
Textiles and Clothing (the area covered by this report);
Family Life; Family'Economies; Housing and Home Furnishings;
and Household Equipment.

Assuming that all homemakers in Hutchinson County
could be potential users of Extension Educational programs,
the purpose of this Hutchinson County study was to analyze
the information gathered concerning these families and their
clothing practices. _

The principal objectives of the part of the research
for this study were:

1. To establish a benchmark for evaluation of teach-

ing success in the area of’Textiles and Clothing
’ for Hutchinson County.

2. To describe the homemaker population of the County
in terns of specific and general family character~
istics. , ’

3. To describe the practices now being used by these
honemahers in the areas of Textiles and Clothing.

%. To analyze these characteristics of homemakers in
relation to their age, income, education, and
occupation of the male household head.

5. To draw some implications which would lead to a
possible Textiles and Clothing program in Hutchinson

County.

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1 national etuéy of Home Ce ne‘rotion Kembere (3)
was 0028 uctefl to secure inforgetion to use ea a guifi we for
effective worK u1th n021«mair e'e This study wee designed to
get 121012" ion about family 0103;123 practices, and the
homemeKe23e age. efiuoetion, and 12o021. Inquiry concerning
previously taught theueion Home Economics programs was
investigatedo Findings in the c1 Khing area showed that almost
eight out of ten members did home-eewiug--moetly dresses for
themselves and their daughters. Twenty-two per cent had proba
leme with clothing the family; these problems come under the
broad general areas of selection and buyingo However, fitting

seemed to be a problem with both reefiy~to~wear and home-

constructed garmentso

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t: irfiyofive years and vounger) hio iezmn families concerning
their clothing expen dit es, practices in home sewing, and
purchases of reeo7-tomwoer; Reoelte showed that a narrow
majority of clothing worn was h0m3"00-8t.dPLCQo Usual
garments made were housed oree see, eproee, blouses, and skirts.
Over half the homemeKere indioeted they did not know enough
about construction and fitting to get a professional looking
garmento ForvatUo per oer? of the 106 f9 miliee interviewed
believed it was cheaper to buy reeéy-to~wear clothing, even
though most homomeKere ownee eew;2g mechineeo A high per-
centage of the homemeeere urea their machines for mending?
altering;9 and making household itemsn Fortywnine per cent

fihought sewing was too time orcuurfi go

 

 
 

 

 

 

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.

CHAPTER II

After defining the purposes of the study and stat-
ing the objectives, the next task was to select a suitable
method for collecting the data. Selltiz. et a1. (6) indicate
that the interview has greater flexibility and usually yields
better information from the population than other survey
data gathering methods. Many people are willing and able to
cooperate in a study when all they have to do is talk. Also,
the interviewer can repeat the question or use a non—directive
probe when the questions are not understood. Another reason
for using the interview method for the present study was
because many of the interviewees could not read English.
Thus. the interview technique seemed to be the most approp~

riete and satisfactory.

_§evelgpinv the_Interview Schedule

..
J—nq'Ji

With this in mind. and using the schedule developed
for the Boston South End Project (1) as a starting point,
an interview schedule was developed for the present Hutchin~
son County study. Under the technical assistance of Dr.
Starley Hunter, Research Specialist, PBS, Home Economics,
and the State Extension Staff (including the acting Dean of
Home Economics, and a textile research person), a schedule

was developed. In the textiles and clothing section, on

8

 

 

 

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In: ' ‘.':- §, J... ~-‘.....‘.'-..,1‘ L.‘ J 1.1.! (W. ‘ ‘ ..‘1. .. - ." .'. . ‘ x . ** ... .'...;J «h- ‘15- . .r‘
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NJ 3. .O J- " - ! J --‘f ..».‘.' J- ...: .‘r-‘xl",— . . -. ‘nv s.‘ ’ . A. '24 «1.. ‘V U . -- ..I ‘L; K *0 '."ur ' 1v: ‘-»‘.. \ -‘ . ‘J..-
1 4. .. 2.. 2. . 'l -’ - F
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‘. ,-,‘ , 1 3'. a _f_\. *‘ql'. '1.» '\. .. .... n-"- 3». J .1... “1 A-"-"“-' a. ~~‘.- -.a..l'1.;r '.-~Jol-’..~‘-~ " u‘ -’ f. '*r‘ <1. ‘1 - 1 a 1- “’.r'
‘ x u v'— v -.' “ " . ‘ , ' . . 1 _ . . .- - ‘ . ' ° ..
y .t‘ .4! .‘ (r. .1 If! " '1' ‘1' r‘ fin", r”! ,1" '-' " ‘ :- .D . '."."_"" 1 ~ K. ': 1’1""! ‘ (4.; "' 1“!"
‘. u ..., ...] ‘ .- .‘- v“... u» (a -/".'¢'. ‘4 4- - I" ' ‘ .‘ 0‘ -'~‘. »- .. \v' ‘I’ ’.-'~‘ ' x.- .-‘..4.. ' i- -‘ 2 ' v-fi '1

 

a-; -;r' 1 _ _-.
w- u,‘ (_ ,. .. -~ .51 _. - ..- .... I .4
Q .a “In—»"'.rv'o r u :1“ .1 . ,I- 'g..I.. aw '.-..~-\\>.'a-m-nl--cv--b- p ow“ \.v n x). .2 ”wane-«Inuuvu-wu ..«o turfinwvt-‘mfin -""b 1&0‘--11m1“~m~mv~mnrrru
"‘34 - -.- p z t . 1x4 .2— .) L. * 12.. a» 1' -.-n- 15-.“ 11.22512": 5.0: J 3341-”.- 1 sun a..'.&vd._hz_'n. I' .d‘:. m.;‘.ann ‘ ...1-4 :rJ-u 5:3.J4‘a4bi... -J£I‘u.ll"4.lra.”JIMM'b-cflwfié.arfia~l o
Wumilies Bx;f}1 as who
who gave 30 not he re No Re’ one 9
m—r 1 V of y; I“ 63'
1.51.63 1.100 N ‘2'). 200 {U
r!“ . f . r’
relepdone 2&6 82 29
-. s 1,
Television 27+ h' 13 10 3

Radio (la7 in each

family) 318
Daily and weekly

paper 196
Daily only 5
Weekly only 52

‘0 OO‘x'!

enacn
cvqco *o

N=328

In general, hGL mes appeared to be well equipped. One
prominent piece of equipment was a freezer. Seventy-five
per cent had at least one freezer and 19 per cent had a
locker at a locker plant.

In a "windshield tour" of the County, including
towns, the interviewers found homes, in most cases, were

well cared for and neat ené clean. High rays and roads

:4 I

were also in good conciitfi me}, n comparison with other
counties in the state.
ine3.ysfls cf the emgioyment of mole househol heads

infirms the fact that most of the county is fiependent on

{13

'QTiC culture. Eightymbhree per cent of the male houeehold

heaés were in some phase of agriculture, wh e the remaining

9.:
Z 1
3
LA
*1
(0
M1
5)
1
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L2?
CT
9
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p}
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13:3
lair-:2
,4.
3—4
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DJ
9:
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{-1
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0

‘a *"n - ‘k V A. i c P O. -. ‘ '* ' ',' I " '2
gob»; of these 3 per .e.t were leoorers, l -er.ceat service

 

-
- o.
.1 u ."9 I ‘ ‘K I a H ‘
3 3 cu - . ~-,._. , . -' ~

. 21
'- - . 3 s... Hg, _-.~s-.’- - ‘
3.33.33. tx'.‘ :3 ..uJ' 3) s-~~.,){ ;‘..a.'~..f. :3." .3131 '33 , .1. ;,'-.}‘—}'

 

 

wau-Iw-A: H c." 292.3. 31.3: a? («SW—1 49v; 1"er N. h. 7~1: van. J M: .1. 11". maxim 3.3.w'ic-nnm‘ul3 LW -. -‘——- -‘
“wrap“-..ammz.’ 1.2.1..» '— «av. 12- '3 ”mu-o.»- .2 3 ply. 3-1:. It). H331; In ’.W w‘z‘i Jul-u [bu ...—.- ..:w- ‘ 3M -— ‘ -
‘
nnrn's‘nQ-‘L-a fig-wk 1W0 5‘;
1.7 «.3 'v létux. u’ .5- A 1 . I
_ .. 3—H 3 _ _ __. ___ _ 3 .3 _ .. _ -_.... .3 ._.... ._..

 

£.:73163fl ”te

Oune3 ~ Opeyator of £31m 132 h
Retired and u.crt3ovefi P0 1
Easiness and P1 ofo.3 310381 3 1

Other Occupatlons
Laborer
Servica‘Wsrke:
0§8roui38~tlfi0”?fi*
Clerical, 33133

N
\1-F’OWO N3

fiéiigl type of jobs such as welders, etc.

Cfiucatiofi is the puréose of the Extension Service.
Therefore, extension wor gers need to Enos the income, age,
and educational level of the honc333ers in order to prepare
teachingm 3a terial to meet their nee 63.

There were twenty college st adents in these 328
”amilies. Of the 318 home 33‘; era interviewed (ten house-
holds were without ho3amakers), 161, or #9 per cent, had
not at tenr13fi high :5 chool (s as Tab1.o 3).

Table 3. Eflucation 031bcwe" ‘aers 53: pied in Hutchinscn
Covnty, 301th D:.kota, 1964-

 

 

 

 

 

gauctrauir‘wpfl mvmwaumwxm'n‘m 'rJInIVHV-b-fi'nbflrn‘SE1Gifts-V‘mkuL‘uEI-v. _ ‘L ._.._. ,,.. . ._..-_. .. A “ ‘_—..=‘.;=‘-
mwmme-flollm vaults-0511:.m3ul a ‘r‘vM'afiir’oc 5:111:11me ‘33—‘1ng ur- ._ _ . 31—; ‘-“"‘ ' ‘ - ...—_ .— 3-.. --=
“ Ccva a -.33:1 . ho
3.61333 5 ILL .L V9 ~ I
n-
3 3 ... A .- _. - - . 3 .3 A- I I .3 A

 

Lth or less 23
5th to 8 oh grade 138
let to 33d yr. high school 31

OFT. high school 62
0316 beyond high school* 13

p.30
*

M.r
{-4
WQWM-F'QQNV

 

1 to 3 years of 3013.9ge #0 1

w yr. allege 9

E0 re qpon3e 1

No homezahev in home 10

33328 L‘ A' L _A A 7- ‘ ‘#*4 '“'

*In’c].udes baa M1 1333, v9 cational training, machines, etc.

". 1 1 ‘
l .‘ ’.‘ ., " \ "f ‘I.~"‘.} “' " .
..p' ; ..i-. U “J 2 ..1 ‘. .. u’ a -.J A- w u .. .- -4 ’.-‘.'.. 'J..- ‘.l .84 ... .- '- I. ‘..- .' ..-

v- v 1 w-! ‘.v.', ._-\- ~~ -"--r - -'~ - ~x-« ‘ '1 ‘- r' ;“ .. ' '3‘". 4'? I? L o a r.

3,1. .3 3 CF 5- (3.1 1-2.. (I; ”"3314; .3 J 13 75.)? L: 0 Lu 9 CHEMfu 1.3.1., on 0.1. t;LG £312.33}. 3.3-3
,4 .p 4. .‘s :4 . fia'uou- . . . .‘1 -A' no . _a .c a. r

ALLLy yo ;l;b «nine, Gnu 2? 33‘ ceflt are Sthy and over.

Table %. Age of homemakers sampled in Eu chinson County,
South Dakota, 196%

 

- -*- ‘ A _.r_ .-. .uv.~mmum..m. “twitnc- Ram‘s—nun.“ ago-L:- n than: - --~ 4‘ L __

...—- _ .- _ -.51"'__—‘_.._ .- _h_ _ .— ...-...... I‘d-1...‘..,‘?.r. Il‘nfl‘rlflnl'CHh“ A I _‘ ._.-L -A“... _

Age No. . %

4 o A 4 A A +__~

 

2% and under 15 5
25-29 26 8
30-29 H7 1%
£0-39 63 19
5ou59 77 2*
60~69 %h 13
70 and over M6 1%
No Homemaker 10 3

33328

Table 5 shows that 61 per cent of the households
have incomes under $5,000, and 28 per cent of these families

have less that 32,500 on which to live, each year.

Table 5. Incomes of families sampled in Hutchinson County,
South Dakota, 196%

_ ___‘ ._. AAA A A- -————
._. vv—-~—l-—w J— ...—.-

___. n A ._.. ._4 - - _ A

 

 

 

 

Hutchingon

County South Dakota
Yoarly Income No. % No. %
jfifier $2500- 93 28 h5,¥28 27.2
$2500~$kgg9 16> -3? 5h,113. 32.h
“500%??1'r99 5'9 16 37. 580 22. '5
$?500~&9999 27 8 17,203 10.3
A w
@lOgOGS ana over 25 8 12,693 7.6
Don t know anfl no roagonaa 16 5 .. -

l
t

-‘-_.u' ‘.an n 5;...
I"; L“
,p

[*3

‘P"
H
L)

P

Evea though the incomo aodenrs low, it must he

remembered that 1959'wa3 a drovvht yaar for agyiculturo in

in Scoth Dakota: Beadle, Broo; lacs , Brows, Minneheha, and
Fehaihgton. Hutchinson County’s tax‘base is over 55.5
mil ion; even though the tax base is so established, the

ad a devaStating effect on the economy of

H
a)
\‘7
\0 id
a.
H
o
d
'3
DJ
ct
ea :5

n H atehinson Conn Hy

n summary, the findings tell us that the ”typical“
Hutchinson County homomi“ r is between MO and 60 years of
age (#3 per cent), with 8th grade education or less (M9
per centt has an incohe of $5,000 or less (61 per cent), and

her husband is in some phase of agriculture (83 per cent).

23W _§ig§ho ofWQleLina Practices of Boson M53 ts

ME! A

 

Many different areas of clothing practices were inves-
tigated. Inquiry by interviewers revealed that 93 per cent
of the families had access to sewing machines. However,
only 7% per cent liked to sew. Generally, the families
were pleased with the home-constructed garments. Forty
per cent of the home makers said they mad e over or altered
those ga meats which had been exchanged or handed down.
When homemakers were asked how family members received
their clothing, (Table 6) garments purchased new as
ready»to-wear were a major source for the entire family,
etaecially for adults (98 per cent). Table 6 also shows

that ht JEW“R se w for all mew the rs of the family.

.,u
U

... ‘ m ‘r'. +“ ,g‘ at :r‘ f‘.‘ n. ‘- 7.. I! r! '1“ am -' a p . r. “z“ ‘9‘ r’ -§‘ r f; 4' . a -.a .'-:-' It. l‘,. . -o— .
J—J LL; 9 m.“ ...‘f .5411. \5 --' $1.315 ’9. J ~- ..L ‘.h'.‘ J 5i J-L L U C} .1. t} C (133.41; E. ....L .L .Lnd .Lr‘lg Quit "I'LLO 111‘... \3 e

docir'cic lJo1t o13+flt g selection. Table 7 reveals that
the moths? selected ?8 nor cent of her own clothing. Thirtyn
eight percent of the fathers selected their own clothing,
and as per cent made choices in comb ation with t? e family
members.
Table 6. Responses of selected Hutchinson Countyfl3 South

ay

Dakota, honemakers to the question on
families get their clothing"

 

 

 

Children

Adults Under 13 13 and over

‘Ways* No. % No. % No. %

Sew at home (new) 153 #7 67 20 #5 1h
Handed down in family MM 13 69 21 3h 10

Exchange with family

and friends 3% 10 58 18 28 9
Buy ready made 311 98 112 3% 89 27
As gifts (new) lhl #3 73 22 50 15

 

*Responde nts could give two answers ,but not all gave two.

Table 7. Responses of selected Hutchinson County, South
Da sets, r.cuemakeis to the question, "Who selects
and buys clothing?

 

Child Family
Clothing for: Self Father l3-20yr. Combination
Who Chooses No. % No. % No. % No.
Mother 2h8 8 2 l 3 2 60 19
Father #0 ZS 103 38 2 l 123 #6
Children - - - - - - - -
m13-20_

 

h—notne 318; Father 2?O; k§6*Children were living at home
in 179 families. However, through error in the develop-
meno of schedule, this row cannot be used.

32? cent ssifi they we 3 satisfied witn the clothinc thev
bought for their families.
When intesviewers asked if they found it harder to
3217 J ' , Q- ;‘. . ‘ "2.- . - r ~.
t a clothing thece Joys tnsn tuo or three yeels ago, #5
per cent of the homemakers said it was about the same;

1
p .

2 per cent said it was harner. Tables 8 and 9 reveal their

(.0

reeeonses and reasons.

do

Table 8. Resgonses'of selected Hutchinson County, South
Dakota, homemakers to the question, "Do you think
it is harder or easier to buy clothing these days

than it was 2 or 3 years ago?"

 

 

Responses No. ' %
About the same 1%8 hS
Harder ' 106 32
Easier 66 20
Ho respense 8 3
N2328
fist-Biff: L1. Lian. Li; .0 pursue 811.11g 01 OLD L113. .1955 we :‘3 9113.21 {/1}

problems for Hutchinson County homemakers. When asked,
57 per cent wanted to know more about some kinds of clothing
to help them with selection and buying, while 39 per cent
were not interested in additional information. Table 10
shows the types of clothing those homemakers wanted to know
more GUOUt for their selection and buying.

Two hundred forty-five, or 7H per cent of all home»
makers sampled, said they liked to sew. Sewing habits were
then investigated in relation to why 328 homemakers liked to

sew or did not like to sew (see Table 11).

 

 

 

 

3 c 23 3 (J - the q: itgon, ‘Uhv do you
t ” sc-‘ (trn5«cu*dan;i£ ass tr~nercsv th,s2
neg: tr n it ' 2 2 or 3 j :63 ago)
M: A ll" e-Jtlféa-a’l‘m-etv: 1-1-1.“ vhumrfi‘y‘vrumrat 1-." irra‘nrurslur'r-La 8-. . «43.1. —a “Anal-ml In“ mum‘uMJO — - ... ‘ —e -
.L‘J-‘éhum '-..h.‘.'afl 'uF\.'I( .L'mll-‘I 1" "-‘If'm‘a-HBV‘M‘I'PJI'AE'JN ~..'III:£_‘1‘- --l.l‘..N-<"Dh1"sfl.3 Mm 0".“(4-0-U "' L‘ 5‘ - A ‘ fir: "_ “ —‘ " :1”.
PK. ’) 3. b: 4.118 EEO . %
Style snfi fit 52 21
Cost 60 25
new fabrics 10- %
Shopping westlemst 38 16
Other 23 9
'Wider selection #9 20
Better sizing 12 5

 

s
9

q=2et neon interviewee was s> d for t- JO reasons.

*Ho one problen was indicate3. bzexpleatechnicsl
not find she they had in mind, sizinv for person who
ot a reguls- size 1%, etc.

Table 10. Responses of selected Hutchinson County, South
DsLots, hononejors to the qeestion, "Do you went

to know'more about kinds of clothing to help in
selection and buying?"

 

 

4?
C\
H

Shoes
Othe. J2

Kinds* No. %
Dress :33 for self 10% 2%
women 3 costs ano sni be 63 1%
Children's enter clothing 51 ll
hosiery onfl socks 3i 7
fonnfiation gsrnonts he 9
Boys' and men's costs gnu

suits 55 12
Under clothes 28 6
O

7

 

$34.35,

Re

(?C1\:;:

15.0%“!

'0:
sfio nden scould give more tr an one answer.

‘ I. f’ . 'h (“- I .':' "\ 1 T - . ‘ 1- ’ V ‘ " -
.. ll. .. .j .r . _ '3‘ _-'<.~ f: liars \ 1‘. 13:3 ,. .3. 1/3 C...) .../l tut/'9 SUutn
a 1 ... .. .L .. . I .... ‘
l (.1, 3.» ll :3 cc r- .tlin, “Wh‘ do you
.: .. .- .. .3» . 2
lJ_3 0f RJt Jer t sew?"

— WM?“ artsy- l' flaunt!» .F‘ nit-v v'v 6'3.- Vii-«rpm “than uni-101W I‘M-1f

 

 

'.‘ — ...-a u we A‘m-um' f. —v

Yes so” _no “covers

 

 

 

Re2.330313x he. %
Saves money 78 22
Creative outlet 132 37
Time consuming - E0 aptitude #5 l2
Other+ ’ 10% 29
N=359

*Bespondents could give more then one answer.
+No one problem was indicated. Example-wnever learned how,
do not like to sew, not satisfied with finished product, etc.

When asked what they liked to sew best, homemakers
indicated clothes for children (28 per cent) and themselves
(32 per cent) (see Table 12). Seventeen per cent of-the
homemakers also did the feze ily' s sending and patching.
Table 12. Responses of selected Hutchinson County, South

Denote, nonsmokers to the question, "What do you
like to sew best?"

 

 

Articles of clothing* No. %
Clothes for self 138 32
lothes for children 119 2
Mending - patching 73 17
Draperies 2n 5
Curtains 2- g

811 covers ”0
No ghoice 33 8

Nfih29

*Homemekers were given more than one choice.

After learning sewing preferences and habits of the

WJJXJ

cro shers, the investigator vented to determine what they

Table 13. Resnonses of s
Dskote, homeme
you like

elected Hutchinson County, South
here to the question, "What would
to be able to sew better?"

 

 

Choices* Ho. %
Clothes for self 73 32
Coats and suits 3O 13
Children's clothing 20 9
General clothing an 20
Other 1+3 19
Slip covers and draperies 16 7
N=1+2§ #

*Homemekers were given more than one choice.

The investigator was interested in knowing how the
homemakers cared for the family’s clothing. The laundry
was done in the home by 90 per cent of the homemakers. Of
these same women, 88 per cent did not find it difficult
to care for the family's clothing. Three per cent had
their laundry sent out. Further investigation shows that
these ten individuals were primarily men and older women.
Only three were homemakers who worked outside the home. The
remaining seven werezi three bachelors, two widowers, one
retired homemaker, end one widow.

Conventional washing machines were used by 8% per
cent of the homemakers; 39 per cent of the homemakers owned
a dryer. Commercial dry cleaners were used by 79 per cent
of the families, while 16 per cent used the coin-operated

do-ituyourself cleaners.

. . v .,.~. . . . ID I .vr‘;-&- 4'1..-:'4
.' ~1 . n J v‘ I - ‘1
‘\ ...... ,.‘ _ n -‘ g e - )‘ p-
'. .11". 2:1 \,' Vilnmdm"

-- .- A A l ..,.‘ ..‘4-4. -~ 1- .. -;n""-_“
u; uanul‘ Ax . . .... ....I “2,3... M... «Mutant-uni» Cam. "I “was-...“

In the Hutchinson County study, eight questions
related to clothing the family were examined in relation to
four variables. (Refer to apnendix for copy of interview
‘sehedule.) The questions selected were: 1. Why do you or
do you not like to set? 2. What do you like to sew best?

3. What would you like to be able to sew better? h. What
are the different ways people in family get their clothing?
S.‘Who selects and buys clothing for family members? 6. Do
you think it is harder to buy clothes these days than two or
three years ago? 7. What kinds of clothing would you like
help with in selection and buying? and 8. Do you or do you
not have a dryer? Clothing data from these eight questions
were classified with four variables: family income, home-
maker's age, hquend's occupation, and homemaker’s education.
These variables help to describe the population; therefore,
they were used as constants in relation to the textile
and clothing date to give a more complete picture of the
findings.

I. Why do you or do you not like to sew? Tables lh—l?

When honesnkers were asked the question, "Why do or
do you.not like to sou?" they listed three major reasons—-
two positive and one negative: "saves money,” "creative
outlet," and "time consuming." These answers made up three—
fourths of the honemekers' first response to the question
(Table 1%). The largest group of women (9%) in their first

response indicated they sewed for a creative outlet.

V ' ’ .~.' {.J.‘ . ‘7.- . 0“. 1‘ _.L_ '4 (‘.u r...“ v.. .‘o 1‘. ‘ ’ if", '4. (A . .,«‘ .r‘——4,- it... [‘1'WJ fl €11" M ‘.'fi) on r? 0"
3.3 3' 4'; j, j {._. ._.),1, a, ...; . :4 J l' I ‘J .-. V.&.L‘..- v -J "Am"... ' _ '-. : M; s. ...) LL; .1 t CIVIC; 111C. in

9. . A . {I ‘ . 'R '- ._. 1.. ‘- - . - ~ -9 I
their Lire: fGSeuflfifl that seeing saved money had ianily

4’

‘

incomes in the @ZQ‘Gmfi7STO range. 0f the 9% first responses
given by women who said they lise to see for a creative
outlet, 66 per cent (62) were those with incomes of $5000
and under. Twnety~five of the #1 (61%) first responding
that seeing was time consuming were women in that same
income range (Table 1%). From the 272 first responses,
163 (60%) of the women had incomes of $5000 and under.

wenen in all age categories said as a first response
that they sewed to save money (Table 15). Almost 50 per
cent (#5) of the homemakers who answered in their first
response that they sewed for a creative outlet were those
between #0 and 60. Over oneafourth (11) of the first
responses that sewing was time consuming were given by women
between 50 and 60. From the total number of first responses
123 (has) of the women were between #0 and 60.

Over one—half (39) of the homemakers who said in
their first response that they sowed to save money were farm
onerators’ wives (Table 16). Farmers"wives also represented
over a third of those honesskers who first said sewing was

a creative outlet for then. And 18 (the) homemakers who

go.

felt sewing was time consir ng were wives of farm operators.
Even though more farm operators' wives (112) gave first
responses to this question, three other homemaker groups

were aggressive: those with no male head (bk), wives of

’D

in their firet regionee, that sewing saved mono;
either 11 fifthmeighth greie educational level or had oom-
yleted high eghool (21) (iehle 17). When women seid they
=.wed for a ore etiv e out3.et, 66 (?€)Z) first responses were

given by a""on who he d an Afloat} 32121 level between fifth

greie and hig? Sohoo l graduation. Of all homemakers who
felt that sewihg was time consuming 6(3-Z ) of the #1

SESWGI' 3 were given by those with a fifth to eighth grade
ed iCetion.

In suemery, it would seen from date in Tables lh~17
that homer ehers with family 1nconw s of $5000 and under
thought 3e wing saved mon‘: 3y, was a creative outlet, and was
time consuming. All age g1 cups said it saved money. How-
ever, those between #0 and 60 considered it a creative
outlet and yet felt it was time consuming Most homemakers
had an educational level of fifth grade through completion

of high school.
II. What do you like to sew best? Tables 18-21

Dresses for self and children's garments were the

types of clothing most often mentioned when homemakers were

fled, ”Wh.et do you like to sew be est?" (Table 18). Nearly
two-thirds (87) errressing the choice to sew dresses for
self had incomes under $5000. Over one-half (66) of those
who sewed children's clothing were homemakers with incomes
under $5000. From the 396 responses given, ERZ were from
those women with inoom as under $5000. As income increased

eoove @5000, £81? won on sewed for self and children.

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mending and patching received incomes between $2500 and
35000.

When analyzing data in Table 19, the investigator
found that almost oneéhalf (68)_of the interviewees who
said they preferred to sew dresses for themselves were
from house years of age. A classification of children's
clothing by homemaker's age showed that 58 (hBZ) homemakers
between 30 and 50 said they preferred to sew for children.
or those who did mending and patching, nearly oneafourth (21)
were from 50-60 years old.

When occupation of the husband was used to classify
what homemakers like to sew best, the results indicated
that most responses came from women with husbands who were
employed as farm operators (173), professionals (#8), or
were retired or unemployed (#8). Sixty-seven homeswere
without a male household head. or all the homemakers who
sewed their own dresses, 56 (h1%) were wives of farmers
(Table 20). Twentymone (15%) of the women who sewed dresses
for themselves were in families where there was no father
or he was retired. Of all the children's clothing sewn, one-
half (59) of the garments were done by farm operators' wives.
Forty~five per cent (33) of all the respondents who did
mending and patching were farmers' wives (Table 20).

Sixty-two (h§%) of the women who sewed dresses for
themselves had fifth to eighth grade education (Table 21).
Children's clothing was made by M3 (36%) interviewees with
five to eight years of education, while 30 (25%) of those
educated through high school made children’s clothing.

 

.' .... .. .11 ,,..:. 35);. c1111: be. pixie} blul’l Ur

' L}

5"!

-ess like to sew their own clothing better than children’s

clo‘t‘ n; h: 1 hose with 0101 eighth grade like to sew

(Q

children” s clothin about as 1:311 as t1eir own. Almost
oneehalf (3%) of all women who did the family's mending
and patching were those with five to eight years of educa«
tion.

In summary, it would seen from Tables 18n2l the
data show that women with incomes under $5000 liked to sew
best dresses for themselves, children's clothing and do
mending and patching. Most dresses were sown by women
between hO-60, while women between 30-50 years of age sewed
for children.

III. What would you like to be able to sew better?
Tables 22-25

The investigator was also interested in what home-
makers "would like to be able to sew better." When inter-
viewees were asked this question, most responses were dresses
for self, coats and suits,znd general clothing.

To some extent all income levels we re interested in
sewing better all items mentioned. However, it must be
remembered that 61 per cent (201) of all the homemakers
sampled have incomes of $5000 or less-~consequently the

largest number in these groups (Table 22). When incomes
were $7500 or under nearly three-fourths (5%) of the 73

homemakers interviewed wanted to'sew better clothing for
themselves. However, the largest number (21) (29%) were

those women with incomes between $2500 and $5000. When

.; .cfio g1,. an -1,1o xi; 1,333, ©45WHUlf (15} of the
homexakers wanter to sew better coats and suits. As the
income increased to $7500, the number of women wanting to
sew better coats and suits increased. From the 20 home-
nahers who were interested in sewing better children's
clothing, eight (h0%) had incense from $2500~$5000 (Table
22).

When asked what they would like to sew better,
more women between the ages of 30 and 60 stated they would
like to sew all items listed (Table 23). Most responses
were given by women (157) between 30 and 60. Data in Table
23 indicate that, of all homemakers wanting to sew better
clothing for themselves, 22 (30%) were from 50-60 years old.
As the age increased to age 60, so did the number of women
wanting to sew clothes for self, with the exception of a
slight drop for those between MO and 50. More women (23)
between ages 30 and 60 wanted to sew better coats and suits
than other groups choosing this item. Number of women
wanting to sew coats and suits increased to age 50, where
it decreased. Even though some wonen in all age groups
wanted to sew better children's clothing, almost one-half
(9) of those who responded were 30 and under.

Table 2% illustrates what items women would like to
sew better in relation to husband's occupation. ‘wives of
farm operators would like to be able to sew better all
clothing items mentioned. One hundred and eighteen of the
responses are in this category. Over one-half (#2) of all
women who responded that they sewed clothing for themselves

were wives of farm operators (Table 2%). When nonsmokers

A oonpnrison of that they would like to sew better
‘1' ~ ‘ . “
and honenaher“ education showed that 33 (s§%) of those

stating clothin

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eight years of
education (Table 25). Of those women wantin to sew better
coats and suits, the largest number (ll) (37%) were home-
makers having completed high school. These two education
categories have the highest number of responses: fifth-
eighth grades (80) and four years of high school (55).
Although every age group wanted to sew children’s clothing,
eight (not) were in the fifthueighth grade level.

The data in Tables 22-25 indicate homemakers with
incomes $5000 and under with either fifth to eighth grade
education or had completed high school wanted to be able.
to sew better clothing for themselves and children plus
make coats and suits. Every age group sewed clothing for
themselves and children. And women 30~60 sewed coats and
suits. However, Tables lS~21 Show that women liked to
sew children‘s clothing about as well as dresses for self,
but Tables 22n25 show they are much more concerned about
sewing better on their own clothes than they are for
children’s clothing.

IV. Different ways people in family get their
clothing. Tables 26-29

After determining the extent of sewing practices

done in families, the investigator wanted to find out how

neorle get their clothing. In looking at Tables 26-29

- - '3 . r) .3". 3 . .1 .‘ - 1-: .‘. . .1 ' --. ' . - ! '
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or

aiymtomeesr for adults (311) end chi ld dre on (112) e.r1d

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sewed (153) and received gifts (3H1 for adults. However,
families did receive clo thi.ng through gifts, handing down
in families, and exchanging with family and friends.

In looking at the income of those who sewed for
adults at home, one finds th at as income increases, the
amount of sewing for adults decreases (Table 26). Data
also indicate that more homemakers with incomes between
$2500 and $5000 sewed at home for their children than in
other income levels. From the 1308 responses given,

MM? are in the same income group. However, 108 of the
328 homemakers interviewed are in this same income level.
About an equal number (283-285) of responses were in the
income levels of $2500 and under, or $5000—$7500.

One~third (23) of the women who said they handed
down clothing for their children 13 and under had incomes
between $2500 and $5000. Almost onenhalf (23) of those
who exchanged clothinv with family and friends for children
13 and under were in this same $2500-$5000 income group.

Rea d3 r~1;3«weer clothing was purchased for almost
all adults in the 328 families interviewed regardless of
the income. Of all homemakers who purchased ready-to-wear
for adults, 190 (61%) were in those families with incomes
of under $5300. Over one~third (#2) of the women selecting
clothing for children under 13 had incomes between $2500
and $5000.

Gi.fts of clothing *Jere received by 113 adults with

incomes under $7500.

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“‘3? hotrcen hC and US {3?9) followed by those 30uh0

-----

wags ianilies receive clothing, the number of honemahers

saving for adults incre ses until age 50, then drops, with

Q)

the largest number between 30~50. Of those women who
sewed for children under 13, #3 (6h%) were between 30-
50, while one-half (36) of the homemakers who sewed for
children over 13 were between h0—50 years of age.

The data in Table 27 indicate that from all age
levels handing down clothing for children 13 and under, #6
(66%) were those homemakers ranging in age between 30-50.

All members of the family exchanged clothing with
family and friends, regardless of the homemaker's age.

Purchase of ready-touwear clothing for adults
increased as the homemaker's age increased to age 60, when
it decreased. One hundred and thirty-seven (hh%) of these
honenahers were between the ages of h0~60. Seventy-four
(66%) women between 30-50 purchased ready-to-wear for
their children 13 and under. Almost one-half (#2) of all
women who purchased readyutonwear for their children 13 and
over were between MO-SO years Of 880-

Nunber of adults receiving clothing as gifts
increases as homemaker age increases until 60, when it drops.
Children under 13 received clothing gifts in as (62%)
families where the homemaker was between 30-50. 0f the

families receiving gifts of clothing for children over 13,

hat 62 (40%) of those who

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sow for adults were wives of farmers. Host responses (679)
were in this farm occuyational group, with professional
men’s wives having 190 responses.

When clothing was hon ed down in the family almost
one—half (20) of the adults who said they received clothing
this way lived on farms.' Children of farm operators also
were handed down clothing.

When nonsmokers exchanged clothing with family and
friends for their children under 13, 36 (62%) of the 58
responses were from farm onerators‘ wives.

Ready-to—wear was purchased for almost all adults
regardless of the husband’s occupation.

When families received clothing as gifts, again,
the largest numbers were those families of farm operators
(Table 29).

Further investigation shows that nearly one-half
(71) of all homemakers sewing for adults have five to
eight years of education. However, one—third (23) of
those who sewed clothing for children under 13 were high
school graduates. Nineteen (h2fl) of those homemakers
who sewed for children over 13 received five to eight years
of education, followed by 12 (26%) high school graduates.

Oneuhalf (23) of the women who handed down adult
clothing had received five to eight years Of education.
Approximately twouthirds of the children 13 and under

one received handedudown clothing had mother with either

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32ii th3y h3 “~td flowii c 2:3-93 for of Ailfiren l3 and over
:adh932331ers with fif' ch to ei.ghth gr2fle educ 3 tion.

One hunfirea and thi.rt yafour (33%) howrvakors with
five to eight 3ears of school also were the largest groug
buying ready~to~sear for adults.

Most aflults received gifts of clothing regardless
of women's educational level, with the highest nueher (52)
being those with a fifth-eight grace education (Table 29).

Data in Tables 26—29 indicate the highest number
of families with few e3 eptions fell in 00 the $5000 and
under income bracket. Purchasing of ready-toawear for
adults increased as homemaker age increased to age 60,
while sewing for adults decreased as income rose. Nearly
oneuhalf of all women seeing for adults have five to eight
years of education.

V. Who selects and buys clothing for family

members? Tables 30~33

Data in Tailes 3a-33 reveal that mothers (2MB)
select their can clothing, aha fathers (103) select their
own clothihg and the family's (123). Children's clothing
is selected in oombim tion (73) with all family members.

When inquiry was then made comearing who selects
and buys clothing for family members with income, data
show that 2h2 families receive incomes of $2500-fi5000
while 152 have incomes under $2500 (Table 30)

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e fsfifin who huiflod in SGLQCLiCn of

Cnewhalf (33) of tho.

'L

ienily clothing and had incomes of $§OGO or less had help
by their husbands in choosing their own clothing. Data in
Table 30 show that nearly one-third (33) of the hnsbands
with incomes between $2500~35000 choose their own clothing.
when asked if they helped with all family clothing selec»
tion, 50 (30%) of those fathers with incomes between $2500-
$5000 said they did. Most children, regardless of income
level, selected their own clothing with the help of their
parents.

When comparisons were made,the data in Table 31
show that mother selects her own clothing in all age
levels, with the number of women doing so increasing until
age 60, when it decreases. More women answering this ques-
tion were between the ages of 30-60. Of all the fathers
selecting their own clothing, the number doing so increased
with the age of the homemaker until 60, when it decreased.
Almost one-half (39) of all fathers whose wives were from
hO»6O selected their con clothing. Table 31 indicates
that father had some part in selection of all family cloth-
ing regardless of wife‘s age. Selection of children's
clothing seemed to be a family decision when comparing how
children received their clothing regardless of the home-
maker's age.

In looking at data fron.Table 32, the investigator
found that mother selects her own clothing regardless of

hushendis occusation; however, 96 (38%) were farm opera—

feesionel men's wives. Fern operator- represent onemhalf
(53) of the fathers who said they selected their own .
clothing. When father selected clothing in combination with
other family members, 68 (55%) of those doing so were farm
operators. As date indicated in Table 32, children usually
selected their own'clothing in combination with other

family members. '

Data in Table 33 show that most responses were by
women with five to eight years of education (286) followed
by those having completed high school (157).

A comparison of who selects and buys clothing with
educational level of homemakers, shows that most women in
all education levels choose their own clothing; In the
fifth to eighth grade range lll-(hS%) wonen selected their
own clothing. When mothers said they took part in
selection of other family members' clothing, one-third
(22) had only five-eight years of school, while nearly ‘
oneufourth (13) had completed high school. To some degree
father made decisions about all family clothing. Of all
husbands selecting their own clothing, kl (h0%) had wives
With five-eight years of education. Children’s clothing
was selected in combination with all family members
(Table 33). '

Data in Tables 30-33 show that mother usually selects
her own clothing, father selects his own clothing and has
some part in selection of all family clothing, while selec-
tion of children's clothing appears to be a family decision.

Date in Telles 3h-37 shoe th1t from the 320 responses,

h

1&8 women said t;et buying cloth mg to Iw'e Gays was about

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1e, 106 said it was harder, and 66 thought it was

In classifying "Do you think it is harder to buy
clothes these deys than two or three years ago?” by income,
the investigator found that 11 (3 8%) of the 106 who said
it was harder hed farm 11y incomes of $2500 or less and
3h (32%) in the income range of $2500 to 55000 (Table 35).
From the 320 families responding, 19% received incomes
under $5000.

Classification of the same question by age group
(Table 35), reveals that 79 (7h%) of those who said it
was harder to buy clothes these days were MO years of
age or older.

Date in Te ble 36 infiicete that ell homemakers,
regardless of husband’s occupation, said it was harder to
has these days than two or three years ago.
However, 39 (37%} were fess o1vereI tors wives.

.lm ost oneuhslf (52) of those hos+mesers who felt
ole thing selection was lesser these éeys hsd e fifth to
eighth gr ede education (Table 3? ).

From Tables 3h~37 it would app 3 r that of the 106
women who found it more éifficult to buy clothes these days
the greatest number were H0 ens older with fifth-eighth

gr Me cdlzw tion and had: ones uns er $5:00. Proportionelly

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sens than those who felt it was easier or harder.
VII. What kinds of clothing would you like help
with in selection and buying? Tables 33-e1
when homemakers were asked what they would like help
with in selection and buying, the largest category was
dresses for self (109). About en equal amount of interest
was shown in women’s coats and suits (63), children's
outer clothing (51), and boys' and men’s coats and suits
(55).

In a comparison of family income with kinds of
clothing homemakers wanted help with in selection and
buying, mmst responses were given by women with incomes
between $2500 and $5000, regardless of item (Table 38).
However, 19? responses were by those with $2500-$5000
incomes end 103 were in the $5000»$7500 range.

Forty-seven (h3fi) of the 197 responses from

h memshers bete~en $“§¢O«$§OOO inflioeted they would like

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in selecting and buying their own dresses; c’2 (hofi)

ws'ted help with purchasing their own costs and suits;
933'?) said they mule. like help in selecting chilclren’s

outer clothing; and 25 (sfifi) indicated help with boys' and

suits (Table 38).

men's costs an

Q;

Beta in Table 39 indicate es the age of the home-
maker increases, so does the number of women wanting help
with selection of their own dresses until age 60, when it
decreases. However, over one~helf (61) of these same

women were between the ages of.s0 end 60. The largest

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over oneulalf {27) were nonsmokers betwee: 33ufifi. Selec»
tion of boys' and men's suits was the answer given by ore:
oneuhalf (31) the w ton who were between hO-éfl.

When classifying occupation of the husband with
kinds of clothing lemonaher wants help with selection and
buying, the investigator noted that most women were farmers'
wives (Table #0). From the 239 responses in this occupa-
tional group, nearly one~fourth (53) of the homemakers
wanted help in selecting dresses for themselves; 33 (lhfl)
said they needed help in purchasing women's coats and
suits; 26 (11%) wanted help choosing children's outer
clothing and 32 (13%) indicated help was needed in
selection of boys' and men's coats and suits.

When analyzing the question (Table #1) with home-

aker's education, the investigator found that most
responses were by women with five to eight years of
education (151) and when they had completed high school
(128).

Dresses for self was the response given by over
one-third (#0) of the homemakers with a fifth to eighth
grade education. Of all women wanting to know more about
selection of women's suits and coats, 26 (hl%) had fifth
to eighth grade education and 15 (2h%) high school. When
interviewees responded that they wanted help in choosing

children's clothing, 12 (sis) of the homemakers had fifth

and men’s costs and suits were by women w’th on education
of ’ive to eight yesrs and by 13 (2kg) nonsmokers having
completed high school.

Date from Tables 38ohl seem to imply that women
with incomes between $2500 and $5000 and between the ages
of 30—60 with a fifth to eighth grade education or had
completed high school, went to know particularly more
shout selection of dresses for self, children's clothing,
and coats and suits for women, men and boys.

VIII. Do you or do you not have a dryer?

Tables h2-h

One further question the investigator wanted to
knou'was w.ether or not the family had a dryer. From the
326 responses given, 196 families did not own a clothes
dryer.

Data in Table E2 show that nearly threeufourths
(138) of the nonsmokers without dryers were in those
homes having incomes under $5000. In those homes with
dryer, over one-half (75) of the families had incomes
between $2500 and $7500.

Sixty~eight (52%) of the women'between the ages
of 30-50 stated they had a dryer (Table #3). Of all
nonsmokers indicating they did not have a dryer, 93 (t7%)
were between the ages of 50 and 70. The highest number

of women (1&0) were between hO-60.

with ewnershiy of a dryer, the investigator found that
almost oneuhelf (6%) of the women having dryers were

wives of farmers and nearly onewfourth (28) were prom
fessionel men's wives (Table he). When women indicated
they had no dryer, onenfourth (h8) were in those families
with no father, over onemthird (69) were in homes where
the family head was a farm operator, and almost one~fourth
(#3) were in homes where the father was retired or
unemployed.

Date from.Table #5 indicate that over one-half
(101) of the women not having a dryer were those with
an education between fifth and eighth grade. Sixty per
cent (78) of the families having dryers were in those
homes where the homemaker had either a fifth to eighth
grade education or had completed high school.

It can be assumed from Tables M2-h5 that most
women from 30-60 with a high school education and $2500-
$5000 incomes have dryers; while women with five to
eight years of education and incomes of $2500 and less

have no dryer.

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HM . m HH m wH m NH 5 HQHHWOHD Mango m avaHHHu
Hm - m NH m mH : mm H $Hsm H mpwoo m.ac?c;
mQH 9 m om m mm :H o: m mama mom new mom;
:dum ‘1dom .cw 4mm .om .om .oa .02 .CH L
Hmpga HHHHH pom .H00 .H00 mm mm mm Hpm mme
mcH.mema Hmww ummw washom 900M mqmm 0+ Ho
aaaog owm + maH maom x msH d. Hp:
2:8 2.: av 6%.me 25 amiss 8H: 2.2
. Acme ..«MJHL. flCHMmHMH n 8.19::‘ritfizcm.

 

b r

 

HQOHpmmwv on mummmSaacn .mp0Mwm apwom “hammoo dommwnopsm mo mmmaommmm

HogwammHon Ho :OHpaonum an memHmmeo =.wHHHhsn
mam nOHpomHmm gH ngs aHma wHHH 50H HHsoa HHHHHOHO Ho munHH Hafiz:

.H: mema

 

0mm m: HH mm mm 5: mm mH oH Hmpoa

 

mmH mm a :m mm m OH a 0 oz
omH mH H mm4 om mm mH m H mww
.02 .oz .02 .02 .c2 .OH .02 .om .oa
Hmpoa Hago mm mm m; mm mm “mugs pona

nmm op on on ow op cam aofiom

on om om o: 0 mm 4m 02

0r 1
Hmmmv Hojv szv Hung “mow Husv Homv AH

“wm¢ .mm»xmficfiom

«V AOHV

 

 

 

poxmfioaoz mo mmm ha wcHMHmmmHo :.Hmhmv a m>m£ 90¢ 50% ow no fioh om:
.QOHpmmfiw ow mHQMQEmHo: .mHOMmQ npsom .meSOQ acmcHnopam mo mmmnommom

 

 

wwm ma . mm mm 00H ma Hmpoa
omH m om mm Ho mm on
omH u mm om m: 0H mow
1..oz .02 .02 .oz .02 .oz
pr09 omcogmmm Hm>o mmsmw mmaxw hmmmb
oz cqw 09 cu cam

comma ooomw comma comma
Hmmmv HoHV Hmm Hmmv. HmOHV Hmmv

Q

  
  

 

 

meoozH mHHawm hp anMHmmaHo =.Hmhhc w m>wn pod no» on no 50%
09: .GOHummdw op mmewamaon .mHOMmQ apdom .mefioo somaHSOPsm mo mmmmoamom

o NI GHQ...

05

a

u

 

 

mum 0H m o: :H mm Hm an mm Hayes
mmH . m m Hm m om 0H HoH mH oz
omH H o aH m w: mH mm : mmw
.02 .oz .02 ...oz., .02 .oz .02 .oz .02
Hmpoa HHQHH pom .H00 .H00 mm mm mm mum mmmH
Ufiw mewfl HGQN Hmmfi UGObom Mawfi hwwM O». .HO
-oaom oz : mzH 050m : m:H gpm up:
Hammv HHHV How Ho:v HJHV Hmmv HHmV Amev Hmmv
A SCHpmodmm .mkmmmfigaom

 

Hogwamaon mo cowpwosmm an cmHMHmmmHo =.nohn© a m>wn peg do» on no 90%
on: .QOHpmmSv 0p mnwmemaon .mpoxma apnea .mQasoo nemaHnopsm mo mmmaoammm .m: mewB

 

mam om m: m mmH :m : m Ho Hmuoa
mmH m: 3H m we NH m m m: 02
omH u aw H :0 NH H J HH mm»
.02 .02 .oz .02 .02 .oz .02 .02 .oz
pr05 p H m m m H o m H-o 3.“ m H owmm
chz 02

 

Awmmv Homv Hm:v AHV “NHHV Azmv any Haw Ammv

QOHpmpfiooo.m.m§mpmsm

campmss no aOHmeSUOO hp cwHmemmHo :.Hwhpo m o>mn no: :0» cu no 50% on:
HGOHPmmav o» mHonSoaon .mpoxmn cpsom .hpafioo acqunoufim mo momnonmwm .:: mema

.3

CHAPTER IV

An interview schedule was designed to gather
information about honenahing practices of Hutchinson
County, South Dakota, hounnahers in areas of textiles and
clothing as a benchmark for evaluation of future home
economics Extension programs. The interview schedule
was pretested in.Brookings County, South Dakota.

Data obtained were analyzed in relation to face
data: homemaker’s age, income, education, and occupation
of male household head. _Other face data collected
included family size, nationality background, and social
participation.

The sample was drawn from the Hutchinson County
township 196% tax lists. From the 353 households drawn,
328 were interviewed. Ten of these households had no
female homemaker and 58 had no male household head. There
were no children under 21 living at home in 1&9 households.
The majority of the families indicated German ancestry.

Most of the County was dependent upon agriculture,

as indicated by occupation of male household head.
About one-half of the homemakers had gone to high

school. However, there were 20 students attending college

#2

clothing ranked highest as a source of new clothing. Home
sewing was done by most families, and generally the families
were pleased with the results. Forty per cent of the home»
makers indicated they altered-toufit garments exchanged or
handed down.

In all households the entire family usually had
a hand in selecting the children's clothing. However,
mothers selected 70 per cent of their personal clothing.
Half of the fathers selected their own clothing, while the
other half selected their clothing in combination with
the homemaker. Most homemakers were satisfied with the
clothing they purchased for themselves and their families.

A creative outlet and a money saver were the two
most frequently mentioned factors for homemakers sewing.
Homemakers stated they liked to sew best garments for
themselves and children. Inquiry into what women would
like to sew better showed clothes for self and children.
Family mending and patching were done by one-third of the
honemakers.

Ninety per cent of the homemakers did their laundry
at home. Conventional machines were used by most families,
and 39 Per cent of them owned a dryer. As a whole most
homemahers did not find it difficult to care for their

family's clothing. Commercial dry cleaners were used by

 

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CHhFTER V

DIS SUSS ION MED Put‘JOIfif‘Zl‘mfilION

.lnnli.c stions for C~crrretfve untgfision

A-‘W «new ..rl. M ”W-

Service cloth:n0 groerems

 

From an analysis of the homema} ters' responses to
clothing practices in relation to income, education, age,
and the occupation of household heed, the following impli~
cations could be drawn.

Age and income correlate. As homemakers get older,
total family income increases until retirement. 'Ybunger
homemakerS'with less income do more sewing at home than
women with higher incomes. For clothing construction
workshops young honemehers are a potential audience.

When homemakers were asked, “list do you like to sew or
went to sew better?" they indicated clothes for self and
children. These nonsmokers tended to be in the younger

age bracket and have incomes of $5000 or less. However,
there does seem.to be a need of lessons in construction of
coats and suits for women, boys and men. When analysing
the question of who selects or buys clothing for the
family, the interviewer discovered that homemakers with
$2500 and under found it harder to buy clothing these

days then so or three years ago. This would also indicate

consumer information is needed for these homemakers.

us

“'3

q I. n . JD . an.” 3 '1 u - mu.,~ o ....
sciool are the greatest retentiel sources of ufiwgfal

participation in either clothing construction or consuner

information.

Main work of hue and makes little difference as
to whether or not women sew at home or my readyato-wear
clothing for their families. This could imply that in a
rural setting, whether one lives in town or on a farm,
these interests oi women are similar.

In terms of planning Extension programs every
possible means of reaching all family members should be
given consideration.

Information would have to be geared to nonsmokers
of all ages. Most of the honemakers have family incomes
of $2500 to $5000; therefore, Extension should consider
programs concerned with better management of all resources
as they relate to clothing construction and consumption.

The relatively low educational level of homemakers
(fifth to eighth grade education) in this study points up
the fact that publications and teaching material will need
to have a sixth grade reading level.. It could also_imply
that radio and television Extension programs would need to
be geared to this same educational level.

The data indicate that educational information
should be presented to the Hutchinson County women on both
clothing construction and consumer buying, particularly for

children's clothing and homemakers' dresses.

l c
I ... r ‘— 4' I‘
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1 "' 1 L ,. a, I‘- 1
f r L I ;‘ L’ ‘ l J I. . 1:; LA {-6.
1 ‘ A. ’ <1 \ g "I a $ a" . \ ’ 'p ‘ .1 f ‘ r -!
7 . o! - -st .-7. . a- 161,. r; 143.6 lgui lea. TELS
, '7 - _. .....- .q. '. .,.‘j~ 31—7,. .-.), ,.. a- , -x '1 .-
' my w ‘v- a! wry .-l,.~.1;~,.: e 190.931 5173,13] 71301-1-" in the ‘.‘It3‘-:;{-'..~T
.. . v
.— a. < ... - I. - - - “"3 " q - .- -.. ‘.I" .’ -‘ "-.':‘ - gla- 0" fl ‘.- ¢’a— d .- s
93.5%.); f? .. [11..f505311'ffll C. -L; ..”.: 3 , Wu; nan-0}...) ., Cm - 013:st
haw ... ~i 7» n . x "r 7 r3 ‘Wrs or “at"; 97/3." '1‘ q thn p- rn'et b 17C 071 q q‘nmmi n"
L11; ifflt_._11f3) 8 \IO L, ‘. L' \, Cults. k' --r-.Lk(/1 .'.L.. . ~‘u ,LJ 4 ‘ 1- , 1A - .I. L. x. if”; ‘m .u J.

Imply ions for rwrihwr Reseerch and Proqrsm#Plgnniqg

The investigator recognizes t at the present study
was of a general nature. It did point up the need for more
research in greater defth in the area of family spending
patterns in relation '0 clothing. For exam; le e, where people

buy their clothing-n;.e.? meal oréer, at home in a smel l

town, or in a seconfery snoppine centerwua proportionate

i.)
sneer» of the elctuing collar is spe out on vs rious family

15 ,. .. .5. ..." . . A -- 1 J- , ... ‘ . .5 v.(-_ J v I . J- J.‘
We? e7s at u‘ffeluat sees. ans 3 protol lonet 9 amount of the

e “ home.

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This natzer of knewinv where complete shopping
1,v':'\-'.\'n:3 "‘."a‘n ah ‘7 "a. Pr '7‘ w 3n 0

U. ‘.‘gJ. V OI’;L\I.L ..I. AOIlpgnb CI. LCJQ
can servs femilies in South Dakota, is certainly important.
How fer do fevjlies dr iv efor various clo filing items and
why? Answers to questlo ns of this he turc would suggest areas

for economic development in. the state, as well as provide

convenient consumer services to families. Enterprises

*9

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‘ ' '33.. '. I..!) In; L' l «i. J. .4‘ I L; J J .k- 3 1/) o) , ‘I’J. \‘ K'Do
.. “nus-f 4,. ft... ,. ".r~‘n.’~.‘.-‘7 ~. 3r-".-—" , .v a- n» -2-....t.
‘3; .f ‘..' {1; ‘ :_(’ i I) I) £30 '.‘._ L: \/:/\.'.’.L»« “1.21.! (.t ‘v ‘1 {1.3-0 '4 -‘..§-L.‘.t OJ. 1.1;}. 3} £6 OJ L! .z 0

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Progrsm.rsss-. -zn;-ios buy various

items for family living is in progress in South Dakota

South Dakota State University on a ststamwide basis.
Program planning in future South Dakota clothing
programs needs to ccnsider data supplied bv_the Hutchinson
County study; 1.9., what groups of homemsLevs want informa»
tion on consumer tuying, on clothing construction for
themselves, alteration of hand-ms-downs and loady~to-wear,
and selection of dresses for the homemaker.
Finally, the schedule used in the presenz study
has to be revised to eliminate ambiguous questions, to
include areas not covered by this study, and to rsvrite
nestions that did not communicate the same to allfilnter-
viewers snd intervieucesz This schedule could be us\d on

a broader basis in South Dakota.

‘3

LITERHEURE CITED

‘o

5.

6.

LETERAIURE CITED

Eastwood, Winifred, Knapp, Edward K., and Hunter,
Starley M. Thggggfiilggs and Their Living Situagigng,
South End Housing Bevelopnent. Boston, Massachusetts.
Cooperative Extension Service, College of Agriculture,
University of‘Massachusetts, Anherst.. 1963.

Eastwood, Winifred, Knapp, Edward K., and Hunter,
Starley'M; The;Fenilies and Their Living Situatigag.
South End Heusing Development. Boston Massachusetts.
Followwup Study Cooperative Extension Service, College
of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst.

1965.

Fessenden Jewell 6., Home Demonstration Mangers and
Their fianilies. U.S. Department of Agriculture.
Extension Service Circular 520, 1959.

Hillmen, Christine. .glgthgng Ezgegdituges and Practices
of Young Ohio Farm Families, Ohio State University
Agricultural Extension Service. Research Circular

70, 1959-

Hunter, Starley, Greenwood, Mary Hell, Norris, Virginia,
and Stachhouse, Ella B. ,Esmilies in an Urban Enclave.
Leeds Dunbar Community, Kansas City, Missouri.
Extension Division University of Missouri, Columbia.

1965.

Selltiz, Claire, Jahoda, Marie, Deutsch, Morton, and
Cook, Stuart w. [Bessarch Methods in Social Relations,
Nev'York: Henry Holt and Co., Inc., 1959.

Vanskike, Mary'Buth. _g.8tudy of Eonenakers endgHome-
Easing in Northeast Kansas. Extension Service,
Kansas State College, Manhattan. 1957.

Winakor, Geitel, and Eli§,eJ§§Et.d Source; ofIClothing
Used by FQMilKBQJOf 3g gamers n go one fi
Ciamfiies, Dittoed researcfiureport. Uepfirtments or
Textiles and Clothing and Home Economics Research,
Ames Iowa, Iowa State University of Science and

Technology, 1965.

U.S. Bureau of Census. 18th Census. 1960 Population,
Vol. 1, 1963.

 

 

50

APPENDIX

HUTCHINSON COUNTY PROJECT
SOUTH DAKOTA

September 1964

Name of Household Head

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Address:
Telephone Number Enumerator's Name
Time
Date Start Step What Happened
Call # 1
Call # 2
Call # 3 ll
Do not write in these
Spaces
Code Col. #
Schedule Number ( ) ( ) ( )
1. How many children in the following age groups live
in your home? (Give number of unmarried in each
grOUP.)
Age Group Number
None ( )
5 and under ( )
6-9 ()
10-14 ()
15-19 C)
20-21 ()
No Response ( )
2. How many adult children do you have (either married
or single) living away from home? ( )

 

 

 

3.

In what age group are you (your Husband?)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Age Homemaker (f) Husband
-__ —(EHEEE_5ne) (CREEK—EEe)
None (1)

l9 and under (2)

2o - 24 l. (3)

25 - 29 (4)

30 - 39 (5)

4o - 49 (6) l__

50 - 59 (7)

so - 69 (8)

70 and over (9)

No Response (Y)

 

 

In which age groups do other adults living in your
household belong: (Include married children.) Give
NUMBER in each grOUp.

 

 

 

Children Mother Other Non-
G.Child. and/or Relative Relative
Father
(1) (2) (3) (4)

None
20 - 29 ‘______ _______ ______
3O - 39 ______ _______
4O - 49 _______ .______ _______ _______
50 - 59 . ______ ._____
60 - 69 i .______ _______
70 and over ._.... ._.. ...—._.... ___.._
Don't Know __ ...__ __ ._.——
No Response ____' __ __ -—-—
DO I L I HE O -

(Total Number in Family)

 

 

 

Code

 

Col. #

"O

6.

7.

8.

What is the highest grade you (your Husband) got to

complete school?

School Year Completed

 

4th or less

5th - 8th

I - 3 yrs. high school
4 years high school
Some beyond high school
I - 3 years college

4 years college

Don't Know

No Response

What is you (your Husband's) nationality background?

Austrian

Canadian
Czechoslovakia (Polish)
English

German

Hungarian

Scandinavian

Russian

Other

How many rooms do you have here (Don't include bath)?

Number

Homemaker (f) Husband
(Check One) (Check One)

(Y)

Homemaker (f) Husband

(l)
(2)
(3)
(4)

 

 

 

Code

 

Col. #

9. Do you (Check One):
Own (1)

Rent (2)

Make Payments (buying) (3) ._._.___.

Rent Free (4)
No ReSponse (Y)
10. Do you have a complete bathroom--that is; a stool,

basin, and bath tub or shower:

Yes (1)
No (2)
No Response (Y)

11. Do you have a half—bath with: (Check what you have)

Yes (I) No (2) No Res. (Y)

Stool

Basin

Tub or Shower

 

 

12. If "No Stool" ask: Do you have an outside private
toilet?

Yes____(l); No____(2); Not Apply___(O); No Res.___
13. Do you have running water:
Yes___ (I); No____(2); No ReSponse____(Y)
14. If "yes" ask: Do you have it in: (Check)
Cold(l) Hot(2) Both(3) None(4) Not Apply(O)

Kitchen

 

Bathroom

 

 

5" Basement

15. Is your water soft or softened:

Yes____(l) No____(2) Not Apply____(O)

 

(Y)

 

 

Code

C01. #

 

16.

17.
18.

19.

20.

21.

Now, we would like to know something about the equipment
you have in your home:

Do you have one or more of the following:

Do you have a car (cars)?

Yes____ (1)

If "yes" ask:

 

 

Number
Television
Radio
Range
Gas or Electric
Wood, Coal, Kerosene
Combination
Refrigerator
Number
Do you have a truck (trucks)? Number
Do you have a driver's license?
No____ (2) No Response_____(Y)
Do you drive? (Check One)
Seldom (1)....
Often (2)...
Regularly (3)__
Not Apply (0)...
No Response (Y)...
Who in your family is employed for pay?
AMOUNT OF TIME
None Full Part Not App. No Res.
(1) (2) (3) (O) (Y)

You

 

 

Husband

Other Adult

 

 

Children
13 & Over

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Code

 

Col. #

22.

23.

24.

What kind of work do they do:

You

 

Husband

 

Other Adult

 

Children, 13 & Over

 

 

Does anyone in your household farm any land?

Yes (1) No (2) No Response (Y)

 

Which organizations, if any, do members of your
belong:

Extension Groups

4-H

Church (church related)

Other youth groups (scouts)

Farm Organizations

Study Clubs

Community Clubs

Social Clubs (Cards, Dancing, Sewing)

No Response

family

(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(Y)

 

 

Code

 

Col. #

26.

27.

28.

FOOD and NUTRITION

When you are getting ready to shOp for groceries what
are the two most important things you think about?

Cost of Food ______ (1)
Family likes and dislikes ______ (2)
Food that keep the family healthy ______ (3)
Food that can be prepared the quickest

and easiest ______ (4)
Other __ (5)
Don't Know __ (X)
No Response (Y)

 

How much time do you generally spend getting dinner?
(The largest meal of the day.)

Under 30 minutes ______(1)
30 to 50 minutes ______ (2)
Over one hour _______(3)
No ReSponse (Y)

 

Do you buy prepared or partially prepared foods or
mixes?

Yes___.(l); No___ (2); No Response__..(Y)

If "yes" ask: What of the following do you use, if
any (Read List).

 

 

 

 

 

Cake Mixes ______ (l)
Biscuit and/or pastry mixes ______(2)
Frozen Orange Juice (3)
T. V. Dinners (4)
Frozen pies or other frozen pastries .______(5)
Spaghetti or noodle mixes (6)
Canned or frozen casserole dishes, as

Spaghetti and meat balls, etc. (7)
Other prepared foods: Name (8)
No Response (Y)
Not Apply (0)

 

 

Code

AAAA
Vvv

Col. #

 

29.

30.

31.

32.

33.

34.

Do you have your own milk?

Yes (1); No (2); No Response (Y)

 

 

If "yes" about how much do you save out every day
for family use? (Number of quarts)

 

How much did you buy or get last week, if any, of the
following: (Give Numbers)

 

(1) Dry Powdered Milk: Pounds , Large
box___.., Medium box_____, Small box

 

(2) Evaporated Milk: Large cans_____. Snell cans

 

(3) Fresh Milk: Quarts____., Half Gallons

 

Is the milk you use pasteurized?

Yes . (1)
No (2)
Don't Know ;____._(X)
No Response ——————-(Y)

Do you ever take "country cream" to pot luck or
community meals?

Yes .- (1)
No (2)
Don't Know (X)
No Response (Y)

What did your family eat at home yesterday?
(Give kind of meat, fruits, vegetables)

BREAKFAST

NOON MEAL

 

Code

( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( )

 

Col. #

 

 

 

 

 

. Code Col. #
' 2’ EVENING MEAL
SNACKS (Any Time)
35. Do your children get milk at school?
Yes .______ (1)
No ______ (2)
Does not apply (0) ( )
Don't know (x)
No Response (Y)
36. Do your children usually: (Check One)
Get lunch at the school lunch room ______ (1)
Buy lunch away from school (cafes,
grocery store, drive-in, etc.) -————- (2)
Come home for lunch ______ (3)
Carry a lunch packed at home ______ (4) ( )
Does not apply ______ (0)
Don't Know ______ (X)
No Response (Y)
37. For breakfast, do you usually serve any of the
following: Fruit, Fruit or vegetable juices)
Yes_____(1); No_____(2); No Response_____(Y). ( )

 

 

t

38.

39.

40.

-10-

How many times, if any, did you serve each of the

 

following last week?

NUMBER

Citrus fruits or citrus juices ._.___.

Other fruits and/or fruit juices .___———

Vegetable juices
Flavored fruit drinks
Other (Specify)

Not any

Don't Remember

No Response

How many different vegetables did your family have

last week? (Write in Number)

What dark green vegetables if any did your family eat

last week? (Do not Read)

 

Broccoli

(Check each item)

 

Greens (wild, turnip, spinach, kale, chard) ......

Green beans
Green asparagus
Green peas
Sweet peppers
Donfit Remember

No Response

(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(Y)

 

 

Code

 

Col.#

41.

42.

43.

-11-

What deep yellow vegetables and fruits if any did

your family eat last week?
(Check each item)

If you can meat, beans or corn, what method do
(Most of the time)

Carrots

Cantaloupe
Squash (deep yellow)
Apricots

Pumpkin

(Do not Read)

Yellow turnip

Sweet potato

Peaches

Don't Remember

No Response

Cold Pack

Oven

Steamer

 

(Read List)

Hot Water Bath

Steam Pressure

No Response

Does not Apply

Do you have the use of:

(l)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(Y)

you use?

(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(Y)
(O)

(a) A deep freeze separate from your refrigerator?

Yes____(l); No

 

(2); No Response

(b) A locker at a locker plant?

Yes____(l)

9

(Y).

No____(2); No Response____(Y).

 

 

Code

 

Col. #

D

44.

45.

46.

47.

-12-

What foods do you freeze, if any: (Read)
(Check each item given.)

Vegetables ._________ (1)
Fruits ._____._. (2)
Meats __ (3)
Dairy Products ._.—.__——— (4)
Baked Goods .__._____ (5)

Hot Casserole dishes-———————- (6)

No ReSponse .________ (Y)

Does Not Apply ._.—._.... (0)
Do you own or have a steam pressure canner to use?
Yes____(l); No____(2); No Response____(Y).
About how much did you Spend for groceries last week?

Amount $

 

How much of the week's grocery money was spent on non-
food items last week, if any: (Estimate)

None $
Cigarettes $

Soft Drinks (Kool-aid, Shasta, pop, kolas, etc.) L—

Soaps, detergents, bleaches $
Cosmetics $......
Paper goods 5
Other 5

Don't Know

TOTAL $____

 

 

Code

Col. #

 

48.

49.

50.

51.

DO NOT ASK: Will be fi

 

Amount actually Spent f
Und
$5
$10
$15
$20
$25
$30
$35

Non

Before you go ShOpping do you usually write out a

list of the groceries y

Yes___(l); No__(2);

-13-

lled in by editor
or food:

er $5

 

- 9

 

 

-14

 

- 19

-24

 

 

- 29

-34

 

 

and over

e

 

ou want?

No Response____(Y).

Do you usually plan your meals?

No plan

Pla

Pla

Pla

No Response

 

n around meat

 

n vaguely

 

n complete meals

 

 

If "no" on 50, Skip to Question 53.

Do you ever write out m

eal plans?

Yes (1); No (2); No Response (Y).

(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)

(l)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(Y)

 

 

Code

( )

( )

 

Col. #

-14-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Code Col. #
52. If you plan meals when do you do it? (Check)
As you make out your grocery list? ______ (1)
While you are in the store shOpping? _____ (2)
In the morning for the rest of the day? _____ (3) ( )
After you go into the kitchen to get
the meal? — (4)
Other _____ (5)
No ReSponse .____ (Y)
Not Apply _____ (O)
53. How many meals did members of your family buy away from
home last week?
Number____4 Don't Know____(X), No Response____(Y) ( ) ( )
54. About how many times did your family go to an eating
place for a meal this past month?
Number 1
Don't Know (X) (X)
No Response (Y) (Y) ( ) ( 1
TIME and ENERGY
553 Would you like some help with time and energy savers
for household work?
Yes .————— (1)
No ._. (2) ()
No Response (Y)
Don't Know ____. (X)
56. What things would you enjoy doing if you had more time?
I) ( ) ( )

 

 

 

 

57.

58.

59.

60.

61.

-15-

HOME FURNISHINGS

 

Are there any home furnishings changes you would like
to make next year?

Yes (1)
No (2)
Don't Know __ (X)

No Response

If "yes," what?

 

 

 

 

Now, we would like to talk a little about family
living in your community.

CHILD DEVELOPMENT and FAMILY LIFE

 

 

What two things do you think families or individuals
are most concerned about where children five years
of age and under are involved?

(1)
(2)

 

 

Children six to twelve years?

(1)

(2)

Older Children?

(1)

(2)

 

 

Code

()()

 

Col. #

62.

63.

64.

65.

66.

67.

68.

What things are you concerned about for yourself?

(1)

 

 

(2)

 

What are your greatest concerns for marriage?

(1)

 

(2)

Schools?

(1)

(2)

Your neighborhood or community?

(1)

 

(2)

Your County?

(I)

(2)

Other?

(1)

 

(2)

Would you like to learn more about how children
grow, develop, and behave?

Yes (1); No (2); Don‘t Know (X);

 

 

No Response (Y).

 

Code

( )

( )

( )

 

Col. #

-17-

69. would you like to learn more about how to understand
and improve relationships between peOple?

Yes____(l); No____(2); Don't Know____(X);
No Response____(Y).

70. Does your family as a group discuss family affairs?
0ften____(l); 0ccasionally____l2); Usually n0t____(3);
No Response____£Y).

71. Generally, who in your family makes most of the
decisions about children, such as:

 

 

 

 

You Hus- Both Both a Child. Don't Not No
band Older Only Know App. Resp.
Child.
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (X) (0) (Y)
Werk in the
home
Discipline

 

Activ. outside
the home

 

Time to get in
at night

 

Use of the car

 

Use of allow-
ance

 

Use of
earnings

 

Choice of Life
work

 

Choice of Train.
or education

 

 

No Children

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Code

 

 

 

 

ol. #

-l8-

72. Do any of the children have plans or hOpes for
some Special kind of work or occupation when
they are grown?

Yes (1); NQ____(2); Don't Know____(X);
No Response____(Y).

Comments:

73. If "yes”: Do you have any plans for helping them

to do this?
Yes (1); No (2); Not Apply (0);

No ReSponse (Y).

74. Look at this card and tell us Which of these are:

 

 

 

 

 

Avail. Don't ' Need or Don't No.
in Co. Know Could Know Resp.
Improve
(l) (2) (3) (4) (Y)
Library
Kindergarten

 

Spec. Classrooms
for Handicapped

 

Family Relations
Course in H.S.

 

Pre-Natal Classes

 

Care for Senior
Citizens

 

Senior Citizen
Org. Groups

 

Available Recreation
Older

 

Middle Age

 

Youth

 

Children

 

 

Other

..-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Code

Col. #

 

-19-

TEXTILES and CLOTHING

 

75. Do you have a sewing machine available for your use?

Yes
No
Sometimes
No Response
76. What is the condition of this machine?
Excellent
Good
Poor
Don‘ t Know ._.—._.
No Response
77. Do you know how to:
Yes(l) No(2)
Oil the machine
Adjust Stretch Length
Adjust Tensions
78. Do you like to sew?
Yes
No
Don‘t Know
No ReSponse

79. Why (do you or do you not like it)?

(1)
(2)
(3)
(Y)

(1)
(2)
(3)
(X)
(Y)

No Reso.(Y)

 

 

 

Code

 

Col. #

O

80.

81.

82.

83.

What do you like to sew best?
Clothes for self
Clothes for children
Mending-—Patching
Draperies
Curtains
Slip-Covers
No Choice
Don't Know

No ReSponse

-20-

(Y)

Are you usually pleased with the things you sew?

Yes
No
Don't Know
Not Apply

No ReSponse

 

(l)
(2)
(X)
(0)
(Y)

Are your children usually pleased with the things

you sew?
Yes
No
Don't Know
Not Apply

No Response

If you or your children are not pleased with the
things you sew at home, what do you think are the

reasons?

 

 

Code

 

 

 

Col. #

84. What would you like to be able to sew better?

-21-

 

 

 

85. Would you look at this card and tell me the different

 

 

ways peOple in your family get their clothing. Let's
take adults first.
CHILDREN
Adults Under 13 yrs. 8 No
13 yrs. Over Children
(1) (2) (3) (4)

 

Sew at home (new)

 

Handed down in family

 

Exchange with family
and friends

 

Buy Used

 

Buy Ready made

 

As gifts (new)

 

Other

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

86. Do you make over or alter to fit garments exchanged

or handed down?

Yes

No

No Response

Not Apply

 

Code
(>()
()()()
()()()
()()()
()()()
()()()
()()()
()()()
()

 

Col. #

-22-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

! lg, Code Col. #
87. Who selects and buys:
Clothing You Fath- Child. Comb- Other Do not’ No Don't
For: er 13-20 ina. Buy Resp. Know
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (Y) (X)
Mother I I I ( )
Father ( )
Children
13-20 ( )
Combina-
tion ( )
Other ( )
88. Are you usually satisfied with the clothing you buy
for yourself?
Yes (1)
No .___— (2) ()
No Response (Y)
For your family?
Yes (1)
No (2) ( )
No Response (3)
89. Do you think it is harder to buy clothing these days
than it was two or three years ago?
About the same (1)
Harder (2) ( )
Easier “*~ (3)
No Response (Y)
9:, 90. Why do you think so?
1 (>

 

 

g)

91.

92.

93.

94.

-23-

Would you like to know more about some kinds of
clothing to help you with selection and buying?

Yes
No
Don't Know

No ReSponse

Dresses for yourself

Womens coats and suits
Childrens outer clothing
Hosiery and socks

Foundation Garments

Boys and Mens coats and suits
Under clothing

Shoes

Other (Specify)

 

Don't Know
No Response

Do you find it hard to care for the family's
these days?

Yes
No
No Response

Why do you think it is hard?

.___(1)
._.—(2)
.___(X)
.___(Y)
If so, what kind? (Check each one mentioned)

._.—...(1)
————(2)
____(3)
-————(4)
.___(5)
._________(6)
___(7)
——-—(8)
-———(9)
__________(X)
__________(Y)

clothing

(1)

___(2)
____(Y)

 

 

 

 

 

Code

 

Col. #

95.

96.

97.

98.

99.

-24-

Where is your laundry done?

At home

 

Sent out

 

 

Laundromat (Wash and Dry)

No Response

 

What kind of a washing machine do you have, if any?

Automatic

 

Conventional

 

None

 

No ReSponse

 

Do you have a dryer?
Yes

No

 

No Response

 

(l)
(2)
(3)
(Y)

(1)
(2)
(3)
(Y)

(1)
(2)
(Y)

How do you get most of the dry cleaning done?

 

Commercial dry cleaners
Coin 0perated--Do it yourself
At home

Do no dry cleaning

 

No ReSponse

 

FAMILY ECONOMICS

Do you think that managing your money is:

Easy

 

Hard

 

Fairly Easy

 

 

Other (Specify)

 

Don't Know

 

No Response

(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(Y)

(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(X)
(Y)

 

 

Code Col. #

( )

( )

( )

( )

( )

 

-25-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

100. Are you and your family satisfied with the way you

are using your money?

Degree of Satisfaction
Very Fairly Not Not Don't No Not
Very At All Know Resp. Apply
(1) (2) (3) (4) (X) (Y) (0)

You
Husband
Sons
Daughters
101. Generally, who in your family makes most of the

decisions about using money_for the following

expenditures:

1 You Husband Parent(s) and/or No Resp.
Older children
(1) (2) (3) (Y)
Food i--
Car
Furniture
Clothing
Recreation of
family [ L

102. Who if anyone in your family keeps records of the money

that is spent, individually and for the family?

 

Yes No

(l) (2)

Don't
Know

(X) (Y)

No Response

 

You

 

Husband

 

Older Sons

 

 

Older Daughters

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Code

 

Col. #

-26-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Code Col. #
0
' 103. Does anyone keep records such as?
I-
Yes No Don't No Response
Know
(1) (2) (X) (Y)
Check Book ( )
Receipts ( )
Home Accounts ( )
Farm Accounts ( )
Other ( )
104. Does anyone in the family have life insurance?
If "yes," who?
Yes No Don't No Response
Know
(1) (2) (X) (Y)
You ( )
Husband ( )
Children
Under 13 yrs. ( )
Children
13 yrs. and Over ( )
105. Does anyone have health and accident insurance?
If "yes," who?
Yes No Don't No Response
Know
(1) (2) (X) (Y)
You ( )
Husband ( )
Children
Under 13 yrs. ( )
Children
13 yrs. and Over ( )

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

.. )

m“‘!

106.

107.

108.

Who makes the decisions about buying

the family?

-27-

You
Husband
Both

No ReSponse

How does your family pay for most of the things

it buys?

Are you now making or have you in the last two or

Cash

Charge Account
Installment
Other

Don't Know

No Response

three years made installment payments on:
(Check all that apply)

insurance for

(l)
(2)

(l)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(X)
(Y)

 

 

Yes No Don‘t No ReSponse

Know

(1) (2) (X) (Y)

 

Automobile

 

Furniture (TV
and Radio)

 

Household Equip-
ment

 

Washing Machine

 

Clothing

 

Groceries

 

Medical Care

 

Dental Care

 

Farm Equipment

 

 

Other (Specify)

I

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Code

( )

( )

 

Col. #

-28-

109. Do you have any loans besides the things listed
under the above questions which you are now

paying on?
Yes
No
Don’t Know

No Response

._.. (l)
__ (2)
__ (X)
._. (Y)

110. Which of these are you now using or have you used in
the past for loans or installment buying?

 

 

Yes No

(l) (2)

Don'
Know

(X)

t No Response

(Y)

 

Retail Stores

 

Auto Finance Co.

 

Banks—Say. & Loans

 

Credit Unions

 

Personal Finance

 

Life Ins. Co.

 

Mail Order houses

 

Co-Ops

 

Individuals

 

 

 

 

 

Other (Specify)

 

 

 

111. Do you think it costs more to buy on the installment

plan?
Yes
No
Don't Know

No Response

 

 

Code

Col. #

 

112. Do you (husband) have a will?

-29-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

)
Yes No Don't No Response
Know
(1) (2) (x) r (v)
You
Husband
, l e:_., -

 

 

113.

114.

115.

116.

Are you as a family saving for any particular

thing now?

In the future, what do you expect to save for?

.7 av

Do you expect to live here (in this house) for say:

(Check One)

Yes

No

Don't Know

No Response

._'.

Ill)

——yv T—v—

v

Less than 5 years

5 to 10 years
Indefinitely
Don't Know

No Response

lllll

Are you making or have you made plans for

retirement?

Yes

No

Don't Know

No ReSponse

I!!!

(1)
(2)
(X)
(Y)

(1)
(2)
(3)
(X)
(Y)

(1)
(2)
(X)
(Y)

 

Code

()
()

( )

( )

( )

Col. #

 

117.

118.

119.

120.

121.

122.

123.

124.

-30-

MASS MEDIA

Do you get a neWSpaper? If "yes,' what papers do

 

you get?
Daily (1)
Weekly ______ (2)
Both (3)

No Response (Y)

Do you have a radio?

Yes (1); No (2); No Response.___(Y).

 

 

What stations do you listen to regularl ?

 

 

 

 

What programs do you listen to regularly?

 

 

What TV Stations can you get?

 

 

What TV Programs do you watch regularly?

 

V

Have you ever contacted the County Extension Office?
Yes (1); No (2); No Response (Y).

If "no" on question 123, disregard 124.
If "yes," How?

 

(2);

(3); No Response (Y).

Office Visit____.(l); By Letter

By Telephone

 

 

Code

( ) ( )

( ) ( )

( )

( )

 

Col. #

 

125.

126.

127.

-31-

Did you receive satisfaction from this contact?

Yes (1); No (2); Somewhat 3);

.____(

 

No ReSponse (Y).
Do you read the county agent's column?

Regularly (I); Not at all 2)

U.

.____(

Sometimes (3); No ReSponse_____(Y).

 

INCOME CLASS
Get a - b - c - or - d:

Now, this is the last question. Would you please give
me some idea of what your family income was the past
year after taxes were paid. Just look at this card and
give me the number which covers your income class.

 

 

 

 

 

a. Under $2500 (1)
$2500 - $4999 (2)
$5000 - $7499 (3)
$7500 - $9999 (4)

$10,000 and over (5)

b. Weekly pay: $

 

 

Pay every two weeks: $

Was the worker(s) out of work (unemployed or layed
off) any time during the past year?

Yes ; No ____.
If "yes," ask: How long?-
c. Monthly pay: $__A g!

Did the worker get paid 12 months this past year?

Yes ; No .

 

 

If "no": How many (give number of months)

Number

 

d. How long did he work in the past year?

Number of: Weeks ; Months .

 

Code

 

Col. #

 

128.

129.

130.

131.

-32-

Did you receive any income other than salary

and wages, Such as: (get week

or month)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Week (1) Month (2)
Pension $ $
Social Security $ $
Investments $ $
Welfare $ $
Childrens Aid $ $
Other (Family, etc.) $ $
Don't Know (X)
No ReSponse . . .___IY)
Information wanted:
OBSERVATION SHEET OF THE HOMEMAKER,
HER HOME AND HER SURROUNDINGS

Appearance of homemaker:
Neat and Clean
Attitude of homemaker:
Friendly
Interested

Comments:

Yes (1) NO (2)

 

 

General appearance of home:
Clean, neat
Untidy
Ill kept (unclean)

Did not see inside

 

Code

Col. #

 

132.

133.

134.

135.

-33..

General appearance of house: Yes (1) No (2)
House in good condition (1)
House in fair condition (2)
House in poor condition (3)

General appearance of yard
and surroundings:

Yard kept well (1)
Yard kept poorly (2)
Effort made to keep yard (3)

Comments:fi.

 

 

 

Controlling flies, insects,
bugs:

Screens on all windows and
doors (1)

Some windows and doors
screened (2)

No screens on windows
and doors (3)

Stagnant ponds visible near house:
(1)
(2)

Yes

 

 

No

Comments;.

 

 

 

Code

 

Col. #

109 08/04
337357

 

 

 

136.

137.

138.

-34-

Homemaker's sense of color, design:

Yes(l)
Room was pleasing to eye
Too much design, too busy
Room seems drab

Too many knicknacks,
crowded, cluttered

Commenthiv

Safety Features in and out of home

No (2)

Did not see(3)

 

 

Good Safe Unsafe Don't
Resp. V Have
(1) _ (2) (3) (4)
Porch steps ..... .._,. .__—. —————
Hand rail on porch .... ._.... ._.... ...—...
Sidewalks __ ._.... . ...... ._.—
Comments:
Is there evidence of electricity?

 

Yes (1); NQ_.___(2)

 

»Code

 

( )

Col. #

 

llHlH'lllHllllllllllllllllIIUIIHIHIIMIHIHIHHII

31293 02217 2278