l‘illl‘illllllln‘lll l } lllllll I l 137 562 THS. A {N’quEMkNARY £N\ ESTE “A": TZON O? 'S‘NE NEEQ {OR COMPULSOE’ ’ {‘EIRROVA; OF fiRESCNGC‘L- i.‘ LOStSiANA "i‘iwsfis fa? £53 £30ng (:5 56‘s. A. EniCHEO AN SAX}: ‘ ”NNERSC‘Y haw-axis gé‘éaéa “a 32x35: N3 c3 3 SI": £961 , A I” r" 1-3-7 M A 3"!"“-‘.I‘ ..I n V PHACMNQI‘V' . 45111.53. I.‘,].’.F.CB EAST L’U‘LZLNC. SiICHiGW LIBRARY Michigar. State Univerttséiy Jannig Breeden liminary Invmfitigatimn .1. '39 #3. 3 F" [Ll Iii-I (ii) 1‘7 1". l‘ I (3-: PLACE IN RETURN BOX to remove this checkout from your record. TO AVOID FINES return on or before date due. MAY BE RECALLED with earlier due date if requested. DATE DUE DATE DUE DATE DUE 6/01 c:/ClRC/DateDue.p65-p.15 A f’i’lLSLIILIl-‘L‘LRY III’JLSTIG.~ZT1CJ‘~I CF T123 I‘TLJILD FCR CCHIULSCRY AFPJCVAL CF EELSCECCLS IK LOUISIANA by Jennie Broaden Shea fin'kbstrect Submitted to the College of home Economics Richigan State Univarsity of Agriculture and Applied Science in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of new CF 3'23 Department of Home Management and Child DevelOpment 1963 neei fur co odlsory prrrorsl ;i yrt;et0319 in A tent 'tlve 9ch:£gle o; stnatsrfiw far 199 in stwfiying twnnty selected firetclaols 1L 3910K Aonqe Louisleta vss compiled fr;m a revis*l 3r 0‘9\19t n" raqnlre- men s for vc>luntsry liro'c1’* Cf hr.s chcols in Louisifne, fray licen9 n9 TQ‘Wll rents of other SLRTPS awi fr01 tfie litarstnre. The s: uc'rys VGr? sutmittel to a guual of tnree seeeialists in tnp field of nurrer? educatifin for their evzlnetion and 9U2399t13r9 fir r9v1915n9. 3L5 tevtsai 9t‘3‘31T2 i“ pri¢¢4 ti} cv'zirlz whicfi was util 293 l: tlé FLL'IY’zuc \fifi <1“f? 'j‘fitrs of fire- schools euj in observrtiua 0? t3? ficlly prtsrvn of arch school unfier obqorvetiul. Sgte 0'11? ctOd s 1 ex:. ninvd in this study's sqrvey c? twtntv sel=etad TFOSCLfiflS inctc‘rf 1nf_ornmtien on enrollmnqt, 9tcff, health r311 ies end proce U33_P-S, alert r2: fq,irt9‘t pvc~rc~7 ricwric, and how me-scheol relations. ltrou,t waakn999bs were evifsnt in all areas un- der 0051991591 ting, t are appeerefi to be a treat TTOfiO 251E; awareness of (J P ..4 J) (+ O t: 3 *1 CL :1 I: ’3 ‘1 (D directors of presets their recoc sitilities in offering a-re ch:- llenglng educa tional oppflrtuqities for yofing chllércu. .. __ .r‘ 1- . 1 ,' _ a; - ‘ s '. A . 9 . straLl ”.3 I ~1.*.Z:1 J, . school a: . ’ ~ - .4,.)'.1( 4.. 33".. *» ’~.'s. 1 l r \. b .. .5. k."(.‘& -J l t q‘ £ " "‘C ‘v. 731" heat. :1 x9r> r ._~. ". r ,3 ¥-r I‘ w ' t4 --0 I" as follows: 1 , n~1; ' I.o .5 ,‘. F: 1. I. ('2. '“. A imn“QVP 1 l- J. 51 ‘-. cf‘}. rd. .. Q ‘ ‘ ...,« ‘ 1‘;»..c" Q ~up V I tkvsm i , ’- I.« . .3. . . tr \.( . . I" A . as. .‘ J. (‘1 ' .Q Ngfi pros Iii: I'(3 4-9.» 1 p s ”tijn ren's ‘h if“ 1101‘ 1 Q.” ‘5? S E7'~4:~_!.’ ‘u. Ht": " 1 r. L 'I 313 \v \ ra - A '9 Hi“ I I" ztive recor 1" r. r9 ;u1 M". C “MEG. 1y; 0 L'. r 6001‘ ‘a a" ‘. ‘ V‘ 7“ ‘_ 0‘ . V l ‘ fir. ‘AC otio- 31 T t as *- L“. gfl‘GSS -‘ En? ( ‘ 9* QI'SOX'. 8'31 w I‘GCOIVI 3 e. Stft; f EI‘O ; snfi I o a. I..." 4.4. Q\ ..i 1» r. L F .r: S n ‘4 fl.— 1 v 1 3t 0 ariensE' (I 7 r; r) b' o‘- 1-1 \JL ta ties mo t 31 rel 1 -~: 9! O OVT‘C‘I‘T: o The the activ 7. x A r t l s f) es, initial r1?" L ts, Specijic TO {5 V ’- vwv~ } .0, %: conta f :ctivit I :1 i- s 5&9 i I) ‘c f I 4 -.4 ‘rs AD. ~4~ *' q U ~ ‘ ‘ l«,~' -J J..t. I”: '1 J ODSGI‘ v ‘1 SCLQOJ. the 33" ‘EJ’ £ \ V I I J. 93 I C O - tit?!“ v 9.. 5. D f , \.- goal, wovlfi b reducing this study. t‘ ‘.. . ‘1... L”. ~ . . w \ ].__ "_.\ ‘ Gonzalen cs wi 3 bn& tarenu ceLQre do cuilc LI -' .', .~ ~ ,, , .1" ‘ ' ‘ e11 ocl‘g the g; romp, Em]. 7L.1'(,'ilt 5111 Child Vlslts -‘ A 'H"‘. " " ~- '*U I} - . ’. ~ - 4 to 92:)31. Lao vouebtlal :or “3.13; hGu of - y‘ . V '1- grLuU necti . 3 and h;me Vlsits was oxten ,. ,9 ._ 1. - " (J v? - - .15.) .3-.'-.. 1m. 0 AH-Y'r-m .-“‘ 1‘ 11" 19'? 1innrn3~ no ran n Ah.” r-v. ‘y k; .L ('5‘). 1., ‘;_ Cf :1; Jr .L \. ‘ ot“ a- I , (I a? (1‘. \/,-.i;;.-I1(-.1' V 3 9 major con ri;wtiJH towa“d elinfi satin or 9 a O a . 1H3: r “31“? 3m rrosckool eJuoction found by A .‘ -14....1- JUL {July IJF‘J;;H 3;-_'r1L N C5" (2‘ trill: ::“‘;'D FOR CC‘: -L3CRI A11'.1e AL 03 rygcch1u1s 1:: 146-:1-31: 15.12 by Jannis Ereeden Clea A Problem Submitted to the 6011929 of H 63:8 Economics Richigan State University of figricnlture and fipplied Science in ptrtis .1 fulfillment of the r *"iremo1tg far the degree of r. ’3 "-‘T‘ ’ '3"( 413212.; 11 k’i‘ 11111.») Dep?rtment of Heme flan nnent "ltd 014111 d fiVBlOfJJ I W3 7.4. 7:0; 1953 Approvad v‘u’ -JTTW ;MJY.JIJ3 Tgw KT tar K .1:3 ta “”‘T‘"£ 1?? 51“ tion to ~11 mEo halyad 1; t3: arctfir;*icn ;f This in nges officials frmm ha 325:0 depart cation, 16.395” (Md 3.311;"Wm 1. ‘03:} raylies to inqniry Lade vmrciklfi the survcy a” licendtr3 for :I"‘-;C-i‘f_)\ IS in each of.“ tE‘w'J f'ftff Ctr-@333 afiministrs OTB in E;gu; Rfing3, Louisiawn via visits to tie’r 53hécls; 879513155t3 in tke nursery gfincntitn uhn sgrvei as jn3*cs Of 119 ur. Clara ;uC'er of Louisibug 7tate Lai guts of ti -: Flnivcrsitgr ri‘ (1:13?- n, r.;- of Lou1¢*.na folytesknic Institvte. S 50131 gre‘ituée is due the “an 1.2.1. a director, guidanm and valunkle sug~cs 10mg. 3 no A 9 fl v ' I.“ /'\ 71: .L- - ‘ 4' 15 €Xt’:3‘..l€1 3 1.0 1.)". Nu “€211 ff, 1’ 1171‘ MT}. vi ‘ 1: L L” . .W, w‘.:“3“ directirq tulS Frflwl‘m by CUIIGSyCLuQLUG V . .., ‘ hnlai, 09 W o '1 :5 corstant su?p03t and eLc urn§;¢= H 1L of this trobT‘3;n an 3 i '1') J- "\ enfl 521 .ns 13.0.3) €1.11 S11 '7 1318 t 11 4" - ~\N'?"rfv~a 0'0. 4 - I .. . r;:n may , If k. y wi;u given the writer's 5:" . .13 4‘ 33“T0 ria- 0141:1751 . f1? rréacaool l 7313 vflofigk ’ IMJU "J.’_4 t --l 5" L) ‘- UJ—a 1": ‘ ’j r‘ f0 .- \(..J. 5‘ 1‘“ 901321;;3: .. a 4 U y, Lin? ”filly . '9 1 3. .r we“, 1 4'. v ' in L.\F J». ‘ J‘- 1.‘ \-r"‘~. 9 .«.:K’ tho WTifmr. 1'33: 61:15qugd [CIII’C"LL."3LUI¢)..............................._.‘._.. LISTO MT.BLLS................................,... Chapter I. IKTRCTVCTICL.........................;f.. ItlurposeOOCOOOOOOOODOI..OOOOOOOOOOOIO Jgstificaticn...o..............o.... SCCUB Cf Study...00.000000000000000. mf. 1-1tir3n8000000.IOOOOIOOIOOOOIOOOO 11:537L31ptiL21LSo-oooa0.0000000000000000. ljrocedure....l....O................. 11. Th; IL;D ECH LD 781? CLgL LL JLWSLIF 4'1ID SDJ;1 LEIiii H TEE FIA1.D Cr Lila-{Lay ULAllaDi;\/LJ 15.17:“.1' I‘JE. 0 o o O o o I I O o o O O O 0 Some fiSpects of frescrool Licensin.. LlCGHSilg Gefined.............o The nQed for licenSirgoocoooooo States requiring licensing....o Relationsr.ip of standards to 1103h51Lg'ooo000.000.000.000... I reparation of standards and their enforcementooooooooocooo Resnons ibiliticd s of State Departments of Ldacation for Licensing......... Place of nursery school and kindergartel in the total educationgl program.......oooo flagponsibilities and servi.ces of state departments of eflucation for pTeSChGOiS.......o.......o Purpoges of a state plan fer approval of preschools........ SummaryoooooooQOIOQococoon-0.00.0000 111 1-3 1233 .l 11 V cub CbOHflkn¥1fl .4 (3 4“; $fiu-*-¢ 'QCIN $h'."‘"5‘..“"~"751WT"3§‘.. O I 0 I " a I! a - o a I v c I I . r l o A o . . ~ - . . 4 a. . ' s t a v o . . o g o 5 Q ' v v a ' . O 8' c - I- Q 0 .° s c 5 9 0 ¢ 9 g o - g o g g g 4 A 5 q I O 1 r s x o ,. U h o o - ~ d - v '0 " 1 I a a w a ' \ 3% ‘~ ' ; Ooc‘éq A . $19v-1acse:~906§wo\%t ‘ . UiflflbaiG-‘Dffi i 4 f ' ' » 0-0131:on . l. «4'. auagcp. ‘ .‘ f ‘ ' . C ;. O'oAle*CQOvufledlsaAilobvv¢dol iv Chapter III. A “VLLHRI 0? LI SLITJ GTA'HDIEDS IE ‘7‘ "‘. '1 r 4 ‘ :"\."‘." m L. .JiLCLw f-‘C’ C’C‘rii .I‘hZ-D ' C $7.} GL “3 ‘ L.) '1“ \‘r' y 1 ‘r' 3,1! r 31...n ..1J?3 i‘\h ruin. [LL Cf FALL: ‘vl- 0L3 If: :JO;TI? Ituft-05.000.90.00coon-oooooo-oo. EnrOllmentosoonest-000.000.00.00... Qtaffooocoooooooooooootoooooooooooo 183d teFCh¢rooooooaIQIOOOOOOOO Pssistant tQPCherooooooooooooo Assistants to the teacher..... Parent “3313t91t80000000300000 valuntCtrSooo30.030.000.000... CCOk-oaoooooooooooooooooooocoo JanitornooooooIoooocooooooeoie UQCi? .1 13rSOnncl...........oo Hcalth leicj-eS Of Starfoooooo Health iolicies and Frocedures..... flan. and Lililizjmentoooocoo-cocoa... PlantOOOOOOOOOOIO0.00.90.00.00 PleTCOmSOOO000.000.00.00 RQSting faCIIitieSoo-oooo Taileting and washing faCilit1€SOOOOOOOOOOOCOO lSOlation r00m........c.o EitC-.,; 0.000900000000000. Outdoor p1 9y space....... uirrnnt..................... IEGQCr 713V QUUififlCiuoooc Cut:L-or play equipment... Fragramoo‘ooooooooooooococo-0000.00 RGCCTjSooooococoooooooooogooooooooo Kama-30h031 RElatiOnSQOoooaono-oooo summaryoooooooooooococo-onnoon-900. ' (‘Tfifi'F 7,”. r\"r1T'r"H-rr «Hr I’I. J,.'L';_~;;KY! I‘DC‘- 1.‘L’OOOOOOOOOOOOOI.O. 611*“? ql“ Quu»u 00.000.00.00000.000.000.000. Interpretation and Recommendations. corIClusj-OHSOCOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOCOO amp. -_I:DI-:ID"~ ‘1‘ L) 3.8.1)...0.000000...COO-COOOOIOOIOOO...OI'...‘ I. LGutcr Sena t0 Sta «0 3333'tn0nt3 0f E‘au‘aatiOHOOlOCO0.000000IOOOOOOCI II. Schedule Used in the Survey of TrQSChOOlfiooooooouoooc000.00.00.00. III. Letter Sent to Directors of FTQSChOOlSuooooooo00000000000000... BlDLJL’u-LKJII‘IIYOCOOOOI0......O0.0..00.00.00...0...... Peg 86 \OxOCO CfiNMQ C3 \9 Ci.) 102 106 107 103 110 121+ 126 a Q o A o 0 d a a h ‘ d 'I' it 2' " 0 ~ 5 O O a! . ¢ :0 I \ ~ a Q v I I l a .- n 4 0 r ‘ ~' 3 I O \‘ a @ Q r «I . d I a I I i O 4 C .1 ‘l O n o I . I O f 4 0 ' J " t < v } I .. . 1 J I a I I Q * 1 I. O . A 1r a v , Ar t § . v 1‘ U b O O V “ a n ~ d - O Q 0 If IQ. J66 Table 1. 2. 3. {5. .6. 7. 10. 11. 12. 13. Licensing Care Centers:. Licensing of Kursery School and/or Child States Requiring and A W nSehCYOQOOOOOQOQQ00.000.000.00... States Lavirg Compulsory, Voluntary or 30 Licensing, Licensing Star Licensing N nber of Standards Number of Standards Number of Standards Number of Standards fitmber of Standards Rumber of Standards Number of Standards Number of Standards Number of Standards Number of Standards Humber of Standards misrds, and the figeriCJooooooooooooooocoo-cocoa... 0 Schools Complying with Suggested fOT EnrOllmentOOOOQQOOOOOQ0.000000 Schools Complying with Suzgested ior Lead Teacher.................. Schools Complying with Sug for Assistant gested Teacher............. Schools Comp. lying with Suggested for Assistants to the lescier..... Schools Complying with SL 1ggosted for lGrent AQ331StantSooooooooocoo. Schools Complying with Suggested for VOlUDtCGTSoooooocoo-00.0.0000. Schools Complying with Suggested for COOkSoooooooooooo0000000000000 Schools Complying with Suggested for Janitors...................... Schools Complying with Suggested for Special Larsonnsl............. Schools Complying with Suggested of Health Policies for Staffi..... No 0015 Complying with ?v E of Health Policies and Pro g s cedzres. L» (3 #8 L+9 50 S1 60 .1. IO. ‘0 1 an~040‘ 69900.: «‘0‘ ‘obocoadh-vvq-vsavl "".du.'."0vd'. 00¢. okcybla u‘fl‘) r Dir! .u-vu'ut. , a a . '7 o'r.. ”SAH‘VDOQ I... 04.. ovaI'IOI ants . ' - '- Oiar vlfi‘v3~.. fi‘l. . - x .LA . ago. 09000.. :9... ‘ 990: tuw 0' "Q '4' 3" . ‘1 . "‘1 . O , . 5 no A . i w. 1 in! Table 1%. 15. 16. 17. 18{ 22. 23. '2h. 25. Lumber of Standards anher of Standards Nnrhor of Stflffl iper This“??? of Starcdl. rds Number of Standards IMxhor of Standards Number of Standards Eiumher of Standsr ds Hunter of Standzrd Number of Standards Number of Standards finder of Standards Gchools oewnljln” with (‘nir'rmc‘lice’2 for Hoes sing of s rescnool........ Schools Comolyin- with Suggested {Cr therO££Soooooooooooocoo.to... ing VFlth Suggested CilitieSOOOOOOOOOOOO n1 C(‘llfl‘ A‘ “L5,, 71 a fixiWsHLgr Schools Complying With for Toilet and Huggested Washing Facilities. Schools Complying with Suggested for Isolation Room................ Schools Cc"rlsin; with Suggested ICT liitchen....................... Schools Connlying with 03”? sted for Outdoor 1W1fiy SPEC‘3oooooooooooo Schools Complying for Equipment for with uV133506J Indoor Flay..... Schools Complying with Suggested for Outdoor P18? Centers.......... Schools Complying with Suggested for Program....................... «clools Con WplYilg with Suggested for Record 30.00.00.000000000000000 Schools Complying with Buggcested for li'cme-School deleti: ns......... ‘3 L0 Co 43F~¢¢Ix~a~tic9§vo .ISCQ‘QOCIIOI.¢. PQOOsvtoanovqc. onodvlcvlruv loco. ‘O'V‘OIOJOQ IIQ‘O."591v.nJI& O l I u" ~ I ’t I a . ‘I c N o.‘ ..._ «F ..1 .‘9. \ .‘o «I 0' , g. t u C ., o l .0 U .54. O“ c Q- I"? M. f) D'Qr'v' V - r a? '-.I...;n. '\I-‘§/p’ 2.- ‘1 "3 "3 ,W“ I‘. " ‘1 -. J" ' 'fl “. ’1‘ A a r'” . ’A ' g. "- g‘.‘ ‘. ' ‘ wgcu “CJCQLuLS w"C.LQ a Laceasit by l'r Cu-lJr64 o. uxrltsv ‘a" " ‘-, ., ..fi 1 4" --~ ~~ ‘ a n - m - ~ : 7"". Wu?! "at... < €3.43» r 1! - “,- . r“ ., --~«. ‘~ 413..., I...“ a. a , 53’s -1. «C .B'xwt-DS (‘3. t1 #3 Latso‘w 1.. S V”. J O'Aji,” C-..L.-....... L is. AU: 3 15532.29 . , 9. . ._ .. 3.. .. .-.~ ,3 .. ' 2,. t:- .. . .l v- n In. . P". - . ' 4 .-.-.r -: - ' -. . ' - ' " lacrerni.. unang thh pro.csgguLpls .n ??0303331 eLuca 103 -- .1 . w- . . L ‘1 735?. ..1 ...tx-. 1 ...- . -... '0 w- r- n 0-! *nrwt‘ '3"; _:~5w..-~ 4*" I -- 3-. ~ 1¢~ ..-. r . a {UNA r ‘ ---'-L'; 113.] “‘35- {FA-L's. inw- GALA LL 4. .33.~....1. ‘JFLLUG 'Jf.‘ {I 'J "dunks . ‘ v“ I I a Q ' zwvs. ‘u.I’_fi .—g“/\h".'u ‘ . 1 n "rn.":n yang- wn‘n.-\.-.mv 9". 7.? u- r . . --.‘!'r 1-. "'(§. to kgt‘J-§‘_: I‘L‘UI‘D. ‘u‘ ‘vovJ‘ , ”*1" I'M-0".‘4w‘i :1 L. ' V‘s - < 2 bk.~:1- “ll.i :‘C CD I "-.3 ‘4‘. U 5’ g . m o a. Q . II Q I . O. ‘ .‘ I: .t . . a. - 1-: 4 -. ‘ . - _v v I - L ‘. C . I... dwj be a :Mtr :.=t.3& to Cdl;dJCL'3 131:-1L; to lea mm a "(q 4 -'-‘- I"! 1"?‘g: ‘. r- t“. Me" n fl":-A qunn. 13‘ 0 1;'.‘ h}. ‘ .-~ (3": 70., .-:-~-; I. W ..s‘ sL. “$.33 (u 219,;L1Q.’ $3-44 5.8 i. i $‘(1‘L'utLu3 I) 7. '17-.“ {chrovb .LA. .' .4: -. ~n~.",J' 4.0 ." k ‘- 1 ‘9 ‘. J... .. . ‘ . “:‘v. . '.‘ ‘ D.‘ a " . (.21 ‘ . 4t ‘ ' '4: ‘ u» g] n. ‘fi L n 3' " ; 7.. ,‘ 1,. " q». va f .3... it. .2 {“5 \J n...‘--. 9 43': Q .- 1 .Md-Q‘J “do"? 1-“ s.) \y '. ..c J...- a 1 5. sci-,3;- ’1. , ‘..aiy -r ~C§ til " O , ‘3 -, . ., _ It 'I I". Q Q G "4‘41": ‘.‘ - r1? :~'.' _L n‘a’ 2";“1: J v‘ 2" *3 5" It!!!" f’Wl ..o n . n V1.0": * ""0.“ ' ‘7 ' 1'." ‘v'- ‘. -l L a. \I.’ 5‘... I O’ .u \ ' '. .'. . CLJC \4‘ i.- .J .‘I a -_-‘* ‘ ‘vl‘ \ 2 .g M ‘. \4 l * 4., ‘ .‘. .4 H -5” «L3 \1. a, ‘ '_ ‘1 -Q r?.:.;’ ’ . i d. u‘N‘a ‘. ,-, ‘m' L" c‘. a“ a "u.. 3 pm &. ’ . ’ ... . i - t0 .1? _'..r .L....;Z‘l‘3..:.. ~17..-.3..:.I’~.’3.;. L-’&1’;1 '90 13111-3 3.; E". .36....‘518 " v _. "7‘. . . ' "_ I ‘. .2. “ a 9'3 ‘ t" ._ 5 .(3 1“ WP. .1 “0- f".1 tz’fifl Q'EV’I “u".xtf‘ "tfl 0“ N‘ _ 1‘. O‘ . Q.’ | V: . ¢.-.. _1 5:. . 4. .1..- _ .1 x.- -.~ ‘-. ~4..-)-,a J, L "a. .J finel J. J: ~,_ 1 g", .. ..J. u r!“ j (J :3 ; -.E J 3,,“ ‘ I “'- -.. Is". : L" 1‘ .. =vw1.-«"' 1 x .. ~ ‘9' ~ ' -- .. " ' «3 $31.. -._:°‘I.._..};: n-1,? {37.44 “‘3 S “(323 luC v 1."?1‘9 C: $13332; (3.9.332? Q' .h‘ ,.-‘I . -., Ir ' w“,‘ —. .3- r l ‘ ".,..‘ I. -. - Q o :rr3123t o 'JJULLLLJ otgal. a c tau -ume to 41‘3 véth n i m.» “‘1’. 02- ‘~"I'.th' .‘ ‘.~ 1W4 _4‘-_q‘ a ‘ ,7 t7 ‘ t ‘3. - . r! I’.‘ "‘ t . C’.-’4‘L‘JL ..‘ (’1 {44‘ $5.13.; X32...“ «.iI‘SJ O ..k33‘1;§*A..-IJ a t tawnrd ti~2203 33 snfl otherg that fry he basic to 'Leir . ‘n. J. v, . . .f' +8 ‘ I ~ - - .3 - 5A 5 1 u -."--n 3. . r a, .. b . ' ‘(W I I. . _ . ‘ fl “,3 0* I! ‘r " 1 x . . I 1 I s ‘ --- Hue 2..-.....:::.~:3 o- .“9 LL .tau Lufl.~J litu, a. to live in a dfime: :cv. "1 “Le prescLool is not t 21:" «t 12:11 ‘0‘W‘..b - L U 1;" ~ .. . .9 .Le ,... s 3‘ _, . - z :3. t- . Jfi " 1‘ 'n": a '3 Ft ' ------, r «a ._-' 91 9.1": 7' - . inq‘ '3 ‘t $29.1; $3521»; 3-. 5.1.435. (..- ii.- ‘IJup'tJ. .s Jé A :.L .«'-. '.L '.‘ A..-'u{.g\.a\« ”CL; 1 2"" j. . l - .11 -.v- .8 -.. .- ‘ ~_ -. ‘- r -- ,. . 'fi . a ‘9' ' t" ' M r- .nt‘r‘flt‘o"? ' ‘ mmam‘ ~.r-~. r~~‘ :‘....v " '..v ,; . oi LJ "- ‘u‘I ‘4 1 '..~-' J 16' -._:\_~?'w k.‘ "f .'_. '--r AA. ’ 1‘ 0 Q':P I ..1 J U I 5 '~ ;l\.r.J- CL .r'J fine B.) rather to supplement and enrich the child's éeveloonent. Too fom mtion 01 our democracy is built upc 7n the respect for individuality. This, too, is the founéction of a good preschool program. The curriculum hos as its basis the needs and interests of the indivi£7zol ch ldrcn in the group. "It may be said than that nur<76ry education, through its deep respec for 'Use iLciJiL‘ 21, its emphasis on producing sound, critical, creative thinking, end its promotion of cooperative effort may cake an in portent contribution to each child's gr»wtl and in turn play an important part in the total educational scheme."2 Recogniz cg then the iloort.ncc of preschools as a foundation.for democratic living, one might ask several questions. In the comp; o'x sooio. ty oi tocay how 2m111 of or meeting the nccd s of he vcry young “2 the res ponsibilit; children should be assumcfl by agencies Cutsific the home? In sufl7p emcqtiLg the contributions of the home to the growth, devolOchzm , aLd edu cation of young childr on, wLat is th7 role of the orcschool? If pw70 2’79 icr group cc re of young children are consliorcd to be a valuable supplement to the home, what assurance is there that th; agencies 1 wnich cpcrccc t as 7) "7 - _, , .f ., ,_. . n.~ . q ., g .I o , ,n .39 ocsun2L3 groer rcsucLsibillty LOT the education of ovr Jon'"cot cii;i.2ons? Are thcr any W Publicr tion Comrittoe of tthe iotional Association for 1711‘"GI'Y Emma ion (12i217,1i41ode Island: 17:... ional Assoc- ciation fol ‘ uzrsory Lamont70L, 1957), o. 7. a dlfildo, p. 9 o stete laws requiring certain standards for programs for group care of normal children under six years of age? Do these stanaerds safe-guard tl1e child's emotional, social, and intellectual well-being as well as his physical welfare? "wher ever children are, whatever their environze ent, and whatever their experiences may be, for good or for ill, they are learnine."1 Him fl1er or not a place for group care calls itself a "school", education is taking place tizere; the live- of youn3 citizens are being me cted. Therefore, hhrt ts kes place in a preschool may be con- sidered a 10:1 -ruh)c concern of the state. Such questions as the following may we asked: What kinds of exyeriences is t11e child hev 1113? Are these experiences on the level of his abilities? Do they meet his ncefis? Are they detr mental or helpilll to Imi normal growth eed develOpxent? Are the people who work with children in these places qualified to guide and influence the chilflren during heir important formative years? Pvroose The purposcsof this problem were two-fold: (1) to investigate the need for compulsory licensinz of preschools in Louisiana through a survey of the extent to which the 10 on for Our” 01 for You 1Cornelia 6.1ioc1th, " tate Council for - 1 G H Young ClMil ren - Uhet is it ,gcod h , ) fidell'qr" (FCV. edo, 1‘91”J~Orkz',‘i\ Larly Childhood Education, 1947 preschools in a typical city were meeting a prescribed set of standards. (2) to contribute to better understanding of the importance of the licensing aspect of preschool education. gustification Presently in Louisiana only child-care institutions and daybcare centers are subject to compulsory licensing under the supervision of the Louisiana State welfare Department. Licensing in accordance with approved stan- dards for preschools also would offer the following advantages: 1. .flefinition of s satisfactory-program 2. Lrovision for evaluation of the educational program and for encouraging continuous improvement 3. Protection of standards for reputable schools h. Strengthening of nursery education in the s a e 5. Insurance of a suitable school environment for young children 6. Supervision by trained personnel. In many of Louisiana's private preschools, the teaching personnel have been trained in elementary education but have not had training in child development and nursery education. Consequently, many are not aware of the particular educational needs of preschool children nor of ways of meeting these needs. Private preschools in Louisiana could benefit greatly from state supervision and assistance offered through professionally trained consultants. \J’l Since tncre is en incrcn i;13 efisrone s and interest concerning the inportonce of meeting Le neeos of chilorcn in the formative years, a survey of conditions .xisting in a typi ccl Lo~Mi i mra city woulds on to be on important contribution in poH itin" no the heels for 00:: Julsoi y Scope of the Stu Q1 The stucy *so.s concerned wit11“reschocl programs for groups of normal of iildren over two ~u not over 51 years of age, who regularly Spord only a port of the day in a group situation. It d‘u not incluoe institutions set up for the care of dependent children or for c1fli ‘ron who are physically, nontn 1y or on tio nelly 1P moi icepped; nor did it include Sunday Schools where groups of children go for only one or too hours, one day per is oh. The focus of intocti ion use limited to pre- schools, i.e., nursery schools nnc Lice rgnrtens which have as their purpose the educational Values to the c1.il d. It did not ‘ wcluoe day-core centers. “sfinitiong 1. Preschools n a place Operating for a period ' four consecutive hon rs or less daily, offs rins education a1 ddanAUL CS to 12.13 0114.130 .3 2. Compulsory licensin3 - mandatory licensin3 or nppro ov: -l of preschools by some tats control such as state cop rtncnis of education, welfm and/ or 1:. nlth. .61 3. Volurtary licensing - existence of statelwocr irfg“ stand SLTGS trot no grovisi It.s for ' mandatory licensing. sr1:t‘c4g { ; 1 h, m 1. It is assumed that inherent i1'1 com Tolsory licensing of preschools would be zrovisions for qualified personnel who would oerioolcully inSp ect and coiseq lently advise the license -d schools so as to achieve and maintain the standards set. 2. It is assumed that preschools in one Louisiana city - Baton Rouge - represent situations typical of preschools elsewhere in the state. ‘ *fi 1 J {3 a”) m I; i J Reviewing he Literature and Licensing Regulations from Various 8 totes To develop a background for evaluation of state licensing requirements, this problem was begun by a library survey of literature on the subject of standards for licensing. An examinstion was made of available library resource material as well as pamphlets and bulletins issued by national and state professional organizations in nu ry education. The few reports available seemed to be an indication of a lack of licensing regulations in a large number of states. To determine tile ex ent to which states have in effect a program of COMpulsory licensing, nformation relating to licensing practices and procedures was requested from each of the fifty states. A letter was sent to the state department of education in each state requesting . . a. . ‘ . ' | .. ‘ ry- I - ‘ a. . . 4 T _ . r r « . . ._ . . u z A ' W I , . . I O- ’ ‘ . , ‘ ‘ .— ,, K ,. \ v . » ‘| . ‘4 < o s M . v ‘ \ u a I: _ ., . ‘ A _ . ‘ ’ 1 C .n _ . ‘ . _ . c. ." ,. .‘ ,~.‘ . q, .. 7"," A. .‘ information 33 to wsat licensAng stridAcls A3} p533333A¢s *‘J t... O H d O } J k E C a, Q g ._ ,A A . ,3. ,, ‘n-a.~'! _. egistad and “AtA r licensinA was co3puAsw \ a: '01" 1- ‘---1,q . ’“L Q' I _ ' ‘ 1? 33's? .3 ohtein 33 33331333 33Aorzacw3n as pesslble, .0 it was reqnefi 3M thAwt the 13tt3 r be f3r*m ricfi to oth3r N a C ‘ ‘ J. . . Q. ' ' t, W . .-~ “I state @012 rtxcnus 1A the 1%.": x'n Lion wve nut 333343313 ‘ ~ ‘L »1 a. —.‘ A 4" .Q ~- -_ "' -. .9“ '2‘, .v ‘ ‘ ‘9. r‘ N - ~., N ‘ a J. at tue abate quFrmeub 3A GaucutAou. (2:3 3 A p3Lch I n. + C .. for letter.) Findings Iron the states were categorized to de-me ”1A3 the states haviigl I.o lic3rzs ing requir.A,.*v and those h3vi33 voluntary 3r c3u3ul gory licensing. H3.t3 rfi31 r3331 33 from states also served 33 source mater 131 for revising Louisiana standaris. 33315133 the ..DVSJAAAAAEI athcA 1‘33 for Licensing Pr33chools H A capy of existing 333 iremeuts fsr voluntary licensing of preschsols in Lcuisiana was secured fr3m the " 3" c- ' ‘ W 3 £3? 3V33‘3t133. 3319 was "J. U state d.“ purtJvnt oi‘ ducAf t revised to incor30r3t3 cansicerationa from library L3r1333 31] tile rogwiTAHCLts of ozher states. This tentatiie set M stAnc Is i‘er licer-A3 1113 was 3333; tta to three specialists 13 the fiald of 33.3331“ efiucat: n 3’ ““haiv- - n1A-n+*cww a '3 o ~ ~ : 1 LOT 9‘99-..» CVL ..le. % ll ddn‘l {in .-. Q1152. noted reV1S .LO 1 . The reviaed standnrfls were utilized in t' v “ + fl -\ 'o..-=.. ..A!" d p - , J " u. 33 su3fA Readers 3. :"3":4A313 “11d 110353? 3tA3n of tue I 133. 33333 ficker, ficai - G311333 of 5333 233333133 Louisiara State StiV”rsity; Emily E3th Assistcnt Frcfgssgr- Child 333313'3 at, $.333333 State Uni*3:sit;; Willie Fletcher, Professor? 33:15 havA133ucnt, Lzuisic'a Po ytecLhic 'nctitute .n. M daily program of each school under Live sti.m t HI 0 U . The following asoects of nziro ry educatio on were included in the survey.1 1. ELTQILQ A39 renje 01 CW ilflren enrolled; number of children enrollcfl; numb or of childron per unit; adult—ch11 d ratio 2. Staff Qualifications of teacners and other staff members 30 Health ' Immunization of children; ucalth history; daily liealth pr; cticcs 1’. . 1841's Location; li311.tin3; ventilation; c“hcruture' sanitation; iir s prevention; indoor and on t~ door play space; Space for eatin3, rostin3, toileting; isolation; kitchen 5. Equipment ror play: for large muscle development; enipulative skills; construction and ex- periment; drama ic play; aesthetic experiences nature experiences For routines: for eating; slcenin3; toileti.n3 and woshin3; first c.1d; preparation mid service of fOOd 6. Pr03ram ?lei ibility; variety and balance of activities; provision for children 's lea rning experiep cos in pltbysical, rzental, social and euot‘. coal dGVc 101171161113 7. Recoros Ba ck*r01rl info-mnti on of family and child; health 9&3 progress records 8. }:CH'3¢11001 Relations Rel at :1 skip beta-Icon par nts and school; hos-.19.. sciloolo communication; pa re;t participation 1 See A: poniix II for so 1 a ceflule used in the survey of prescl cools. , ‘ ', v . 1 ' I a .‘ D - 'Y . . I . O ' . . d I . . ‘ . ‘ ‘ \ .- . Q -\.-0~- Jollecting arfl fq1slyzin3, Data Concernin 3x13 ti irg Conditions in Louisiana ETsschools Twenty preschools in Baton Rouge were visited between January and Kay, 1962 to secure the informatioz1dcsired in 7.31 tuis study. An Ur rb9n sr9a W? 3 co sificrs typical of Louisiana's preschools sin most of thm are located in urban areas. The schools 1ncluoed in the stufl y were of the followintg types of sponsors 211p: 3 - Private, non-church affiliated 16- Church affiliated 1 -'University laboratory Ar 9119 enonts m re made ior visiting the schools t1'1r0113h a letter‘ to directors of the schools sent two weeks prior to the visit. Visits wore limited to one daily sessior consisting of two or three hours at each school. Findings obtained by use of the schedule during visits were tabulated and described. (Chapter III) Based noon findings of this study, recommendations for further action were made. (Chapter IV) _ _— “.- . -—- M 4 *- Soo Lpponfiix 111 for lottsr sent to directors. .1 ,. t ,H L n a L '1 ‘ 1 W1 ': 1'- ' (IA;~-; *L—A—i 11 r‘ "' '1"'- '1 h "s .1:C ‘1. 1 yvs" '1' ‘\ ‘ #11:"; n . 1'” thv'; 9 ~ ~ ,- ~o ‘11-}. i. 1 ~ .. J Aid 1 baa-1.2.1 b '-r:. A.) ‘- \IA‘J‘ ‘9‘... A4414: u‘a’MoL .Joao-A int“ 5-‘ L “J i . '-. V 21" ) 1g} ) Y ,‘ii”; "T-.\113_17r$? ‘ .. .' ' ' ‘ . ‘4 $-L‘d 1‘4“; {.31 8-3;,‘ 3.1»; \a’JaJ. :-:): L-(.|’ Z) “And“h. J¢3$ ..L . .. (n " h 1‘ ~ 0 I 1 F 1M ir crrisni do ad for the services of preschools . ‘ r d- .“ .\ V" r” 1,"'. A ‘ 13 evrdsnco t?zeir hi¢T spread Iccoktcncc. 199 proxrims aul mathods by whicI1oillr9' are tau3ht influence thoir lcsrning ttrorchout 19 to r so hool ycsrs. If tho school enviroumrnt fails J9. to ch1ll1r"c chilfircg witL appropristc dsvclouncntcl tcsks, or if *ncir tcs cu-ors laci: hiccuctc gihiificrt111 , their eXpericnce in tho early schc cl "cars mny scriH11ly hsnr.cr schools. For those 1". C2215 parents 01 (1’! So their later progrc~~ cod rcliIble 51Ni cs in sclc cting a school for their children. ”£11193! also 11991.1 98311”: (‘9 tLBt $111111 the term "5911:3201" is 1:591:31, it applies to s ton1-fifioeM19ticncl institution. $3.19 state 9919 ction 99911c C" r'ifmt 103C flly assume responsibility for seeing t1111t coilmlr7n who begin their education in rublic or ro on-p 1blic prose} vols ha 9 sin- cational exgcric1ccs of 3:41 sf: ctor quslity. Compulsory licensing at ths state level is a mszsns by w? ich tho quality of ssrly chilihoofi cine tion can be immrsvcd. The *2: 1-3 W m I.) ' § ('0 "7 l1;‘.; 0 O (‘5’ u 0 I-g purooses of this chapt or are tar preschool licensing at the state level and also to (‘3) suggest responsibiliti s of state dcprrtmonts of educstion r I I a- , - ‘. LI...» .‘ r z ‘ W Y’i U 1 11 Soue_professions, through their professional groups, have well defined standarfls and means for maintaii in tliem. The.medical profession, social work, anfl pro- He sional nursin3 are ex3xzr ales. Their standards are maintained by setting up boarfis of examiners in each state who scrutinize hie qualifications of prospective members of the profession. In some instances, society has delegated to government the responsibility for rest- lating me my aspects of business and services for tie pro- tection of peOple. £0? exaipe , there are iire, bu116133 and sanitary cooes to insure general km 361th 311d sa fety3 There &re regulations concerning private anfi public schools, child weliare services, and the day tire care of chiléren away from thGir homes. Preschool licensing or aoprovcl refers to the "requirement by law that a li colise or a permit be secured, or some for? of registration take place before a person, a3ency, corporation, etc. tsks on the care of chiléron n1 durin3 the d3 -y awaW from their own homes. Approval is further defined as "the official act of the state —_v W‘- w— ww- w cub winifrefl A. Hoore, 5033 333eots ofi DayL _ A Report for the Child ~~li3re Lea;;ue offi AmoriCP (Lew York: Child Welfare League or America, Inc., 19h7), p.6 12 department of eflLcation certifyi 3 that scicL; or 3 SC. hool '3 :13 system complies with laws, ru13s, or regulafit 533 for affli— nistrative purposes. App: ovs l of a 3,hool may be a statute or a regulation of the state board of education having the force of law. Since the nursery scL031 and Lwi dergarten are consiiere d units of the elementt1ry scLocls, these programs are included in a plan of state cjprovcl which meets stanéards for the Operation of en cducat 0331 pro- gram for young chllfiren."1 hp O‘rtfi of a1proval of prLs chool facilities necessitate the preparatisn of apprOpriztc stanlards wf_1ch L) f are 133333 as pazwhlets or bulletins to the yublic. Another cor cern of licensirg is the process by which the law is carriel 01L. This requires a trained staff who Elust vis it rrgularly the prescLooli 1swt1 uticr fer the purficsesof evaluating i we Llitien and pregrams of schools. After obgwrvation, the staff mav 0? may not (1' O n r I - - d" ‘W‘ 7 .m. an” recom13333 cp role. LLintLiuiLn a stLLL CJli wt 0 r . the approval progr’m -3 an 3313393 which man" 2 ate Ge rtnnnus 01 e ducrtion at firesent are 1m ble or unwillin3 to assume. The fieefi for Licensing The function of 11033313: is a protective no, for J T —— In. “—‘W‘Ako—m1 ...ww— -- —.A—.—=. LL... 1 ' 1 F- .9 1' ‘— " ." P L 1 " . I. Louucil 01 LLL L Ltzue 83333; L iccrs, fieqfirrci— .. ‘. .- “u- .1"; LL} it: 33 of Stat3 DAcrrtfitgta of Lfiucntio: f3" IKPS”EX E‘ I) r- r1 T,‘ . 3‘1.“ - “IL-,2.“- # _ fl f p 1 "fiT;‘\.‘E-‘"‘m" " I A "‘ ‘ ‘ ‘ Ol1mhz§flQEL£"jg5}, A PC1131 LLLLLALLL 1rL3n1L1 by cue h: .7, 1, 1 :1 11 11.1., 1 31's.. ' u.-- - VOIULCL OJ. v1.1 9:. rjbricU‘J 1)C-LQOl 04.15.. .-3‘91‘8 (drags 1.2.-‘Tt01l D03. 3 J p ’1‘ 3" . I W: a ~ f COHHCLl o1 LLLLf $03001 OLLLCezs, 15L1), p. 1 , 13 throu h 11c111,13, service 5 are improved ans 15010 is 11;- croosoo unflarstan31n3 by the public. As a result there is- support for =4~qunte StELilardS. "Cooyeration on the part of community agencies, professional ov"aplzat ons and citizcn groans woykin" closely with the public at 3130193 15 a ' (u) a necessary for increas1ng publ1c GUCWl :ness o1 ch1ldrcn's needs, to unders tandingo lioens1ng rerulations, and to u1 port for izprcvel services."1 Furthermore, the funda- montal purpose of licensing is the protection of chilfiren receiving pres hool services by cot101131103 and mo atain- ing aflecuate staniords anfi in d‘1e lmorovobcut of all such services. There 13 inc 0:331 awu“onae3 that sound parson-2 - '2 ~. (g ‘ TR. A fl -' .~ YI'L. Q I ‘ .p *",,- Qfl'."‘. 'n '3 ality dove-\wwcrt coponcs 01 “ca 0J7 flrowbh dar1u3 111ohcy Tho 1101121121113 €111.10 313191113 0:" 501:2. an brouznt 1 this to the growth of day care 1ccillt103. Sim ilerly, the in« H 11-} *3 c+ Q 9...- H C} L O f c? 1* O J kinio :4 i J O H k‘ m 0 :1“ CR 0 F4 r L ,4 L: croaeei interest in for chilfiron hus contrioutcd to the dovclctmczt of the services. Obscrvo.t 10 on ano Io csrcn . ulie 03 p0 mt out tho extremely variablc wt ior' unfier which theme 30100013 operate. Concern for good protrams for child an has stimulated t1 0 1n ”sat of parents, preschool teachers, as 3—! 1210101" :3 1113 well as the general public so that t1oro is or 1. n demand for state approval of sorvioos 1:? children. 11bidu, p; 7;-’ A l . ‘ i» Q 'A .. , J ‘ - . n .. . ,o ., ~ruv1-‘n _ '1'5 9 _ d A :1 '4‘ 3‘ f (‘1 (I p g 3 ,"-‘. a " '. ‘. 3“ '7' T '! ’1‘“. . q ' ' *V . ‘J‘ ~ v .‘ a ‘0 « - .'. .1... o. 1‘. . . J} no .1 - ; 4 u .a . .\. ~o‘ . ‘ . . , . a ”4“”? 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'3"; C * ‘*.\..i-_. u— - y»- ~-- —- A . .. - -. *-v--_w *‘fl-Ww—fi- w-.~ .o-- __ AL . . I ’ " T ”51‘"?! ' “III" 1. ‘ Licens n1 “1:7.cn";m State . * " “ ” “ * a AfieLCY N. 8010013 v.0. Q '1 ,. -..‘ ~ 0 n ltlfibulla 1 hp]. 10 lifg i e Califor £3 Delaware hashingto n 1175 Idaho Illinois Indiana Icfia Louisiana Maryland He 33 achnsetts m & Ho chigcn Einncsota Mississippi Montana Nebraska New Jerse New Mexico North Carolina Ohio Oregon Penisylvcnia State Basra Velf. Driice of ucfilth * Pub ic'Uelfare ___“‘ Att. cen.'s Office Public Welfare I * Depu. suca i321 * Board of ficaltn ‘ Suc al nclfurc * Social u~1fapP ‘ Public Welfcre _____ Public fielfare * Dapt. i33t., Ch.¥elf, Dept. Education * Public Welfare * Public Welfare * Public Welfar d) Iv State Board Keelth Public Instruction * ‘t" . Lt}. m Lic xiv—‘33. ‘- '- Canters* *Indic as that Licensing is required. ' \- A ,. 1 ,> . .. r. l. ‘ , . A v. I .1. . D l . ~ . a f '. _ ‘ 1 1-.- ’._/' , 7., - ',. I -n n I H. v- 1 4 a , \ a - a i n ‘1 I . o rs* W mm“— \ .~ . f"' 1 ~~f '-I .. W-‘O‘ -M-mu._-'-a.v-q-u .mn- -mn- afiewno {1 z. i a! I...) o- fl .‘. 1”“ (‘Q |_- A ‘. 1-: ,. _\ k: . -3 I“, ,‘1 I 1.. f JJ¢. *0. A"- f‘. "v. : ' ‘ ‘1' So' ..—. l '1 1.3.5.) ..‘3 {3 i1 $112 ‘, (‘1 4'. Lt.‘ ..7 1i. 4... ;\.:~ a: v . a _ I - 4~< g..- a... ~m.*--¢~—v.ou .W- sung—bi...- u—“m-.- . ‘t‘. i, “kc. S T l O Q t .T. S 8 I r; O .111. V“ v." .Q . t I t n 0 3 w S "J .1 .. a 8 S t a .. T ..s. ml 3 t T T .4 -. .v .n. c .4 ~ n d. t -. O h. S Q a S n. -. * C 1. .r; «J V a...» 1.... a}. +u T»; a, .J. C l n, l .I 0 t .l O C “n.1,... M W 2TH ..c: «f. T. t .0 e 3 ..3 Q "a ,1 t w. . .. 8 R u. N W ... C a . Q S w .«L ..1; 1n.“ . . “U... 1.1” C 4L. M.“ U . S a e S ..y P mu. .1. .r . C .1 9 mm c vi mu. m... t . n a. r z 3 .D 9 v. .5; a at... W 1 f i . r r 0 c a m .m .x. a. . 0 ml w . 3, VJ 3 S . o t o O .. Q Q a e S n d S r mu r l ..i S n 3 m S r O l t 8 e n a . ..m m t .1 fl 6 u D. .1 I. . u d ..L a P L a S h n S h G r .3 l u 3. mL “ my.” C I. t C m.“ ..u 0 H .1 ..r. w. .1 C S C m... e A F. a..." 3 K O m. R C t O 7.“ ..u n F S a T h Y S .1 r .1 i r t t .1 3 P... 3 O 0 :a t in 1. .9 S S + . 8 .r -_ a fir ..L I .4 ,, z i ..r I C .1 T, Mu .1 2.- S t C T t .8 a f L... 3. 3 F f C v.1. . m... 13. s u. 3 1L .1... C n G h .10 t 3 .1 2... w . a; L o “a .1 f C 3 ml 3 .1 C C .1. G S C .0 C .14.“ cl A. .~ w.“ 3 1 -. «I» 1...”. MI a)... mm ..x. ..A. :16 xv...“ F AU Lb ..... a 3 l r G .3 a c... .t R, n .C O u .L r f _. t .4 n . w...“ M..." t «a. mu .1-” g 3.. - r n l .1 H .E L C .1... m n . . ,. S T; an .1 3 n w L.“ S S a 3L. a." C w... ..A .1... m u w 3 1D 1 L n. u 8 1...” «i 1 ,. 1 VJ "k. . _ . l . I a. . ._. i w i m C r r s G a. O a C C Y C .2 l l at-.. -3. .3 l t 1 O 3 c _ S f C C 1.... v. .C H M .3“ D J mid C a...“ C l ..1. -e.._ ... E C. ..l 2...” n r i 1. D. .1. a H .1». ... ., ”a. 0 C C. .3. r... C m i, w G t C G ... l “H i n: D I F 3 a. -0 ..J .-r t C S : l L r .3. C 3 .l O S l _ a by... 1. c. ‘3 n ..u e ...:u an. .Yu n}. Va :L a... a: r r .... u A]; l T. S T as. «n W U. P. .. O x l a .3 O U m.” A... C , a G .ru 3 9 r“. m... S 1Q t 4... ad h C an. S n r .L ..J 0 C a ..L .1 K 8 mu 7%. a... G a Q -‘. J. I"! H v 0 S '1 I 11 ‘f n; H a V. 9.. 0m t . S (:1 1‘ t t. 11 “I -‘:‘ ‘4 t 1*:- ’ 33 .- 1.1 to elude licez- - 6 Edi}. 7". ‘- a II" a... :1:— 4..) v r' r J ‘ 0 .1 Di Ci -2 A?! t t \ J. .. ‘r‘ (‘1 1. fl .3 L27: ‘ 1 E1 11 It - -8 7‘ «an. C. 4. . L: I‘ 1 ..L «I b - O r pup '(..‘. '2 L. 'e I A r-oval of 117.11“ “L- f" ( Q R ('1 ‘n -.L . ~ 2 is C 1.11153 4.1 81 it". ‘9 ..e H- “59’ C I \f’v ‘ 1? It‘- 'e u? h 3 n. V...“ V d l t r... t fir. an 3 L .1 W of.» an AC r h m v A . F x a 4 . S S c d r... 1 b O. C . l . an a arr those 3 " u v 1.. 1? 1 17 111 r' T!L..LJW 2 '4‘ .. -- ..,. “1n v; 1w: 7-1-7 .--.' ' -,. - “-rj-n 1 ' 8' far. #6.". -° 1 - r1 “A-.-34:- ‘3 pin-é J . . J' ”In?” . £45.! )1... 1—1., '01 =‘U1‘ L “xv-3L «.323. :34 lulllflvlwa. ' '13,“, ':' . ‘ :1” -. - ""!"_fr'.'3 “Ionflvli. .+ .>J.£ ”13“} A;.D lug} I. (2.3.113. II}: ..;‘ri.:.;§;;f33f v ‘I' L! -, .., «‘1 * tat-‘3 Cgmfiylggry V03") t?;y1~0 L.'.(‘Cl:;‘: it-.." LiCCES 11' V o ‘ '- . o 'g‘. .. Licensiag lloooqifz Licon31L3 Pharoa*d* 139.cy ii filabama 13.123.31-59. Arizona Ar}: ms 33 Colorado CoLnocticut_ Delaware Florifla Georgia E&Waii * Illinois Iflaho Infiiana Iowa Kansa Privatew u‘flrfilfo “1'10: ‘ 3' initial Health 1 a SOC o " 91: Q w _ oulsory , Voluntary f”- ‘1 11-0 u -- hwy]. d " ‘ a. r w V , ‘ , — .. . p. ~ . ‘ . . . - . u- - "' H "" . \ 0 ‘ v . ‘ . ., v. . -. ~ . - . '9 V ‘ ' - v ' ' d ‘ V ‘ u n ‘ , ‘e , o u 4- u . 1 . .. / ‘ ~- - 0—. f - m 1 (Vao’ _ . I ) . ' 1‘ . "A A" .. ‘ ‘ r u. .- - .. ‘ l I. \. an. “—oa '.«‘ l ....,-8 § , . ‘ I 7- ' n . ‘ ‘ 7A 4 . . _, x \ . . . v Q ' ..>'v \ . 4 i v ‘1. I '4 _ .. ’ I . . L - ‘r r us '4 i 'A- 4 .' .- ‘ . . . ,. , , ... I A.. -‘ 70‘- 4“, _. bloc-311:3 111g: Licmnsing Oregon A casing Jfi3filhg :Standards Agency Kentuéy * * Eflucation Louisiana * * Me. 11:18 "‘ Maryland * * Eiucation Massachusetts * * Health I‘iichigz-m * * A'elfare Einnesota * {ississippi * * Missouri * Eflntana * 11 braska ’9‘ "‘ stada ¥ * Nursery- gelfare Kindergarten uvbwt is: NGW'Eaupshire * Eflucatian New Jersey * * Educaticn Kew'fiexico * New York * * North Carolin: * North Dakota * Ohio * Oklahoma # 1a a... 19 \ ILLNH - molt.nfix ;:;te“ ' W US$111? 31y Vol‘élt 5.: 1” y 1.5:) . LE .11., ens ‘ 1.11;; 12316: 3.5 11-3 “ Licens‘ng Licensing Licen31ng "tfinoorflo figency Pennsylvania * * Eéucation Rhode Island * South Carolina * South Dakota * Education Tennessee * * Welfare Texas * Utah * Vérmont * Virginia * washington * WGSt Virginia ‘ Wisconsin * Wyoming * Interpretation of available data indicated that states had programs of compulsory licensing for Of this had no minimum roqv states the licensing manner. flew Hoops the How Hampshire state health do prrt South :ko ta 193u31 qualifications. Serv’ group of fourteen, two-states 111 iicate. d irefients for licensing. hire ro:g Wire Tie ht fourteen presc110013. that they In these two roqvlronoot w3s not in the following only cortification from for licensing; a license on the basis of fagcy.rvs 20 welfare, and education wore utilti3od, with both edu— cation and welfare departments being responsible for directing the licensing program in one state. Seven states had orogr3ms of velar mt ry licons ing. In twenty-nine states there were no licensing programs either compulsory or voluntary for any type of day care for chiloren unTer six. Since there was no uniform pattern 3mon3 states for estsblishing and implementing programs for licensing of preschools, results of a survey such as this were based upon interpretation of available data. Often, states did .not fiistingnish between day-care and preschool services; 1.9. here may have been specific requirements for day- care centers with no mention as to whether or not preschools were included. In some instances where states had no licensing requirement, minimum standards were recommended to be used as a guide in nproving the quality of established schools as well as ow ones bein3 planned. Occasionally there was no distinction m3 is between reqxi.remerts for "‘ day-care and those lor preschool licensing. Rolotionsnip f Standarrs to Licensing Iceelly, stats oepartmonts having a licensing 13w shouli inclufie stonic is which must be met in order to re— ceive a license. This procedure was not 3133's practiced as evificnced in the two cases citco esrlicr in this paper. To conslosr only 3 313313 fefltsr such as teacher certi- Health agencyg fl' reotly re dnces the h p. 0 SD ('1' .J- O i? ' Q “a 03 ’23 6 0 4 G) ..J ’3" k. m g... value of the liccn°_ni requirement. p.‘ v. -: n I, " . ‘4. IF. I I: . .equirso st: “turn, 33 agpcar es soscifiic pro-< are issued as "rules arc r33ulstions" dsfl‘ “if 3 miuimum standards and practices, prepared by the department charged by 13w 3 th this reSpons ibi lity."1 Recommended stanaaris isve no legal authority, but are important aids to st3n d~erd~raising and to the acce;:tance of 3 good program, and stimulate th ('9 desire of parents and of commenity to provide the best for their children. Heconmonc led stunocrqs have been 13° m) ed not or 1y by the licensing agency, but also by sta to d artments which have no licensing res? 0351 tility. Also agencies and organizations other th3n state cepartmcot have prepared and issued various statements and recommen 23 st: nocrcs referrin to tlzeir ‘l specialized areas 0; 330313'3e. Prensr3t1030f t3:;”r s and PH . Ineir Ln orcement Besides the state departments oI health, educatiw 1, and no lfsre, the e are oth;r departments which also share in the TCalOISilility of orepsrewti11 of stm dosrfis. These include agricwltnrc, lab cor, mental heeltlx, fire, building, m ani sanitation commissioners, etc. ihe actual preparetion of a staterent of standards is carried outb by the dcrcrt-cnt ‘ V' to which th s responsibility is @0133 stod by law. However, the cooperation of other fspartnsnts may be volunteered, requested or authorized b; law. Professional agencies such as t-- Rational Association for Nursery Education and the b O hild Welfare League of America, etc. frequently share in the preparation of stands r13. Enforcement of licensing regulations is carried out by mos is of inspections, supervision of services, and by consultation service to persons responsible for services to children. Con -sultat ions may be on a compulsory or a voluntary basis. The mos t evicent factors affecting th adequacy of licensing are (1) the clarity of administrative responsibility and COOperati on bstuoon the various desert» meats involvoé; (2) provision of afiequate staff in the licensing agency; (3) existence of "tooth" in the low, with provisions for a penalty for nonncompliance; and (h) suppozt' of public opinion.1 The need for suf: icicnt sta ‘9 is frequently referred to as an essential factor in the ability of the responsible flepnrtmsnt to ivptcmnnt exis ins licensing regulations. "Wher o st tiff shorts gss exist, a fiampcr is naturally put on the st to doo.rt~~o 's efforts to publicizs the Desi for '\ L3 .> Q .. m3, . ‘4 + _ 1-1 a "7‘. . 9‘ - '3 .7 ~ 1/. 4".\.‘ .6. ." ”A r. ‘f '\ ‘0. qr. ‘\"‘R.: ' ~ ., '5', . la V‘ r ‘rv’fflpr’ ( (U l MLtho o O O $1t00w c.- bm Ub t; 5...).QJ. ’ by“; 4.. 1.5.29-4; 1.1.2.3, .WT ‘31:. Cu} Lian 1 ‘r , ‘4.“ 5 ~ Ir n + 1" 1—1.: Vv .—.,:\ 51 ”..A! 3 “fin-5'34 .43: 5" .‘r’+‘ W ‘3 ’2'.) ! w--~- " *1 1 H“: been mod t uJ-ykj '\.~\..' ‘7‘“. .L.\»' .'\.z (..A {soul-l a... ..L-"AZJ .. .-..t... '4 Ln .1. . n— .u .3“: "C ) CJJ. 22.x.- H “.1“... q, - ‘ *7 4" -;'I . Q ’2 ‘ 7‘ >3". . 'l: a I'- ' fi 'IQ p 1“ I ‘ 0009€rrat10h ct“- 11 or:: “T: burs anL LL: LLGULSLLQ stLL- end 1/- .. - " ‘ 0-. 1‘ "'. m "\ ' r. “ 1". ‘5 , I'- tn ”‘9' ALL «‘72-.le ltf 0.1C’."i...a.~"‘ "13.7.1.” ”5.. 3.03.- Oiz O. V\-/le,2_1.tcr.i‘l.7 pt“; L3 LLVG . . _. o 4- . : , .. 3.- “4.4: .. :1. been GSbGLtlal fac»ors in -rx'ov_d‘ the a yaLme care 01 children."1 1v“ ‘ “a -\ ib_" 1t . A ‘3 ntfl4—. Db U'Qth-T; “as.unn L 1:8 0. n~wb3 “ ants MW“? -:1 ‘-:, a 1“ 1‘ - ' ‘7 -‘~:‘ V r". " ‘K .' v ‘ '1 ‘95 ' ' 1". ‘.' H "- 1‘ 7 OJ. .L—I'..4 1131.1. “311 .5 x...-.L 1.1.90.1. ‘ ' “-7. fig} .L‘~- I T by U .4 1 1*" K ’- (a U) ":1 H (‘5 m ‘N "3 (3 0 f) . . __ . .‘g .- t .rJ- q... ' n! p t‘ . a .1 .. ‘ . ' . ._ _~n “'37" "(210,“ 4) t: , f?- ‘ 1‘ f '_. ’-' - ‘ ,"" a" F" kiflder ?E‘.Lr UC;$ I ’9 i"; .4 b ‘vLL {vi-LA N... .1. “Jiis «L \JAl OJ. J...Q Eur .LiJJCLrJ rifl\.i'~: S for chilflrin v11§.e 1‘ Si“ 341 a a ’1 'TI.‘ ‘3‘ ’"V .1153 C‘“ -" W" 1'" ., 'g"“ ”It". /' . "V‘ ib‘4xl I «a Li gt. a. v 9.1.11 \ .1. “3,-1.1“ ("IV E: skit" t-I . ‘ A I. .r- ---x ‘- 4" .3 P. A M \- .ro 1." z - ‘5‘ ' 1* u "0.? systum 0L CaustitdbLOhal goverzmenu mzk 3 tda of public efiuce tion a». fsr the #933331 supervigioa of non- ? .. public schools.“‘ OthCL educational ergauxzations such as Ratio npl Eiucation fiSSuCiut'On, bducatiunal Policies Cemmissien, Association of Childhoca Eémcational Imternatisnal, U.3. ,.. a v 1. - Arm . . ..-..- Chilclr n Gfllt Loutu 13 -y;» L.& n0 . va a so GAJOTSCd Mfl‘f' 01 «~qu ”Er-3w» A'flmwfl4‘na" no!» t1mw t“’\ij"‘-’1:7"'T «4‘3. ~~ '43 n2.1r30¢rng,u~lk.’n 6.1.1.1.! (t. ..L‘L-u'. .L :C—h.» ”(J-.Jl (1.3 A4); 1‘..- :4 'Lj.&‘L.A:-U [1.3.4.4. 1".) ',.._‘. elementary efiucatinn. 11bid. 2N3tiana3 Ccrncil of Chief 301.001 Officers, ?t+fi of Efiwcaulfin,(haallijt n, D.C. : the Council, 11" M rl R.) 'r' 13.. '3 .....,-_" .fi -3 . .- .- 5: ”3,13 - 3‘"! ‘ .3, 3. .33.. j . __ 32,33, ..... 3 .33, “ -. 35.,“ _, the 3.3 v1.3 333-3331. 03 533313.}. 13 .- 3-3 3333;; 3-74. 3- )3333 31-3.3.3} :3: ' ln‘a. .‘ ", gnu; q-fl... 5-3 .-. £3-33 311.233 C .‘IILJHRL 9 1‘33 90 .0- - .2." s. 3 ('1 a +5 1...: 0 C K I n 'Lfi‘fi a") .fi ‘9 -‘.' o L on <-~-., r‘ \E- -,' 3333:1133 3133313 arueng 333 t3 Pscvila '-I. ‘- ‘ 1" ~ *‘ - I: - L1 ‘ v r- s," ‘-‘ Q £3363 for tL33. (331 333333 313- 33 33333t133 c. :33 1 n a . A me .: , :5 - 1." ~ 2 - .3ve done tbla) (c) £33 seats p33Ji333 .Cncy gar Kin3er~ e r (3) The stat3 auth r1233 local schools to 33t3 P ”d 0 iv ate funds for this nut; 33.(17 states 63 thia) (h) Volugta ry or m3333tory r3gistrat13n :33 sipro":l of tonhubl 33?.0013 exists. (2“ stat: 3 pr3vide or requirn Place of “3rsery 8 hoolsend Yii‘firrrv en, in tne Total Ldvc3tisn Prozram ‘ A 03:; 333 unfifirsianflin? 33$ 3 33c 7t3333 33 t33 ,.. 4.: .. .2... . \. 3T3333331 333333,33 3a the tot31 c3acat*(- Q (3 .,. s. *V I“, _ . . , ~ 01 t33 chil3 33d h3333 33a n3ed 13? licensing r3"‘*“t*“wt31 - . :I .. - w - . .9 cannot be 3353333 Qfltli tLe pareoees o3 nurgery school and 103 are clearly (3f?!m Th3 cartri- c? kinflergsrtcn 33333“ bution sh'ch arenéhools mafia t3 th3 education of c11i.1dren 1. Tflb? bravib‘crwu?+anit133.307Cfifl1rvfii to " :‘vfi ' 3 . ~ .1 ..." 23333133: 3333 t33 3r 5 :13 L; a tirvlatir3 - -.J‘- 3 .. uuv3304233t. ' ‘ I a. 7 \ '. ‘ ; , . ‘, , t _ '9 . ._ J S '7 ~ 7 _ ‘ 4’ - f r~ " . x v . . n N _ - . .'~ ~ ' $ ‘ 1 o \‘ "4' - \ , ' . . ‘ v. 7 I. ‘ .. .. ' - ‘ ' . > .w _.l_ c . 4 ‘ . . ’ ‘ . - ‘ ~ . - H ., J 1' ' 7 . r b . L. - . _ . . - . v . ‘ .. 4. h. . , 0 .J' I o . . . ' '- - , o . L . v r s. - - - , . , l . ' ' — 1‘ . ' ‘ _ ‘ ’~ . 7 . . , . ._ » . ,, , . V . ; A r ‘ . u I ‘ I I -. ‘ ' .4 O . , A , ,, o . , A p. . . , _ . . .‘ ~ I - . ‘ - - I b - ' j" ‘ ," > I I K , ‘ . ‘ i.‘. ‘ . U - . ‘ _ u l. - v o ‘- - A . . , . - u t ' ~ '. ' n n x ' v w . I I l ‘ . r ' 4 . k . a , , ‘ ‘ \ y ' Q , - _ ...,‘,, - . » . .A ~ » - .., 7.7L «‘ -~ ' -- - . ‘— _ v , 7- 7 a - ,3. .._ .- - V , - - .< ,,.‘.....-.... . o . . Q _L - A .— . h) V‘ 2. Parents L331n awor about the: resvonsibilities through pro1esgi 221 gulaance. 3. The 32022 t of influ92222126 arfi self-determination allorei an American child of tiree ané fcur years ”a“:3 the conventiqncl F33 01'313 late f0" $02001 o'rr~fic he strirtiorg C2 *Le.CF E at the Ire-:3 2312-01 :1- “a can do much to (21:32,” 1.... 'J 9 natural 0 riosity and éegira to legrn. L}. Preschools .L‘LNWTW'? 321023 '213 Lo :2 axiroz“: ' 2"iciently c (i " which any net be ab-e to s t the chili' a rgzngmli "*0"+u a“ S. Tb2y pro:‘-: 9 1 0f T33. E‘y lisk'j. teria]. o. Preschools Lake p gsible the g?adual transition frCu1 t1 :5: 21.31;} 1: 1 ‘ 7. Cult1“'l demriva 11:13 can be diminisfled if children receive ed221tional Opportunities early. 8. As more mothers enter the national labor force, it seems ertai . that 1L0 50223 Jrahlmwwt cf ‘ilqmru 3.5 1911 as tLe rational weli'are rr21133 th1 en t.: 21-5‘":1t 223 Operatign of 3301 ““fit"““o‘s. Froschsols provide opporfi .12ities f3r chilfircn to learn to tdk their place in a ,group, t0 hzce confidence 12tu~-“::01~Tr, and t3 snow 121% iative in work and play. \3 O 10. Preschoolg also 2223 a special contribution to the 1,12122.n+d chili. She r“*“*e t pro2i e A of helping L 1m is in the very early years. ~\ -. c n I 1 If. -. "’1 Q 1 * t 3 ._ fl 3' r . n‘fi'r ' n1Sva -SiDLL; L:- 821 $21? Late Departments S ' - State $2100 Officers recommends that the state cepartflents of e lucati.01 assume the folloviJT r95292sibilities as part of their leadership r0153 0 ,»-~ 0. 15 y SCLCO UV.‘ 9‘7“."- “; ’ ‘ ~1IL‘S DTOU A “x f. 1", :A W" r. ""¢ ‘ 0 '_,a . .1. w-J‘Vs 3 O v C G 3 "TC ‘9 W “-4 I.“ . :Iu' Lia. t: ‘n t n?! sys' ‘.n(. .J- «a I n and approv C) l ‘O ’3. V n 1/ . educati .4‘. _u.- m... -\.- I‘- c- J- .« wt Mg“; 'i '73 s“& V d to all c- l n?- K 'L. -L (0-1va i p- .5 .5 .Lva ULOILQ L”. :1‘ J I\ ifl '\ I .4- k-‘. .5- v" v .E ‘. . -73 .-, .1. L W :00a {.3 r v s 2’} 3A. ‘3 J y C --Q L 2 to ..l tabl 1&1 0"": ~h‘ T“ n u: 1p 4 ‘L— 1v “0 fi A. C 3. fl 3 3L +9 6,." r «,3 .1. f O .1 , ~& ”'0‘ 5!“ m“0 2|. .1 3+» .1 a mi. 1... 1.3 1). aw: t v... a n. _t l constant ev. 0L 9 Aw. . .‘ 3.3.0- 14!!- .s ; P, 3. Ta throw , a ".Lks 1+ D ‘4. ~ -|) 1d non- Y"!- , J "‘ JR" uC .L a” - (istina “.J. 4 I?" I»! 10 t Ema n raising tha .,_ a' rd: L‘ d— ‘ 74"" ‘ A r 5 _ r-I r ELTa a. I ‘ P U: 1" .. L‘Jn O; '5 programs or the inprovsmcnt or J. "r: J 1‘ - VI. u ..L‘L,'- ., .. - :fi "“ 3.! .‘h 1 5“ -01 on S A ‘J _t0r _:\I‘. ‘1 s01- ‘- W'n TGSO‘ 1‘ q . ' ’7 . %- Zi-s J.- b I" ' vn*a .IJ no crust . 1.;‘.,«A. ll: 7.9 “L .r r- 114.: q L ‘ 'Ifif~ ' .LJ. L4- -‘1 , wt 1 v 'uv’ .3 I serve L‘a‘ .;. * .‘ _. - J. -a. Co= 1r: ‘ A; ..u C: Develop p13 oJ. Coll 5. 8. O J Dy t ‘F— ..L tfi' T ." S-v \.. r“ l 1"!“ 4 cs 4..- A 0111):; “in "t * ra Twflnu cg ma 1 1». Pl. 9... n... Own \\ 4. ”Lfiahu “‘4“? .1 T ‘Umvr wt. C A..... Ohm“ ..U Q L-.. nbnpO ram I... UFO? A J “T v J 1 ' ,.. - . \- 12.1”ch113 01¢“.1t tive 3-?11335 in t~3 - - . , 1 . Q 0f111;rv"r ,rm1ssni 211h£ 1Hmm,*'ev+ u v " ’ F,‘ \ a. (inzis Aoié'; VEI‘C‘Vr Ike: S . T) ‘D- a IA ’3 3 ' _ a I. rl-‘J . " O: IA 13. 133331313 mania: 131313C1011 or 3h“ *3 ' l ‘ ". 4“ . '11" '1" . yreseat 33393333. -" . I. '1 ' 1h. Incladc pr33333013 n tue rngu-av stat '1 «1" Jo‘-‘ ‘5. accreditat {3333333 of 1 St: t3 P1921fo' AppIO'nl of }resch 013 iritig 13,;1 9. Cl .C’ O ‘5— .3. (3 ‘5; The Cfiun011 01 Chief nth Séhfifi‘ Of? cerc lists h» ollowing major nur;9333 3? 3 stat3 3301333 for imfP?Vt* Kent 3? publicn md nan-public pres $13013. 1. TC) (3391-313 ,1; {33'1“ffzct01'3‘3" pI’C‘f‘TCE. ‘ 2. To Trovi 3 for avalratiLg eqnca3imnal nrn"r»~ and for encoura in; con' Ht nuous imnvovnn nt. ~3. To protsct the standing of r3pumhb11 schools. . To provid3 profsssicnal guidance. 5. To insure a suigable sc 031 environLent for yeah; Chiliren.~ T}: “tat: deirrtménts of Qiuuaticn, by fi3v3133133 standarfls for approval of prr131331“ 33315 recegnig3 t‘3i? 1333313hip role for tha CLfi;fi"‘“P of elncfltion for the vary young. The essentia. ct7213363 for 3valuntifi3 wre- schools shnuld 1331133 the ”3110"1“" crtcgcrics: physical fc.cilfti- s, :qv'pmeut, "3' 3 33vcnt*nval nrorrqm, perscnnel, provision f3? health, saffity, '33 annitntian, 3133 of sensol, 1111., :p.11~12. v . J _ e1 .. w 1.. . ( ¢ .. .. b‘ p .A p a O O t a _, . . . v . l- u 4 o ¢ ~ . .! 7TB . u. ‘ . o .9 . 4 p a. a. .v. _ ‘ Q A . a . Q r . \ . H 0 ‘ “.clv 9" enrollment, teacher- ~93? 11 r’ti3, lcn:+h a; school day and r ?"'-‘. .H. ‘ r I " . QT"! -3L, 39:301 r:. 03:33, aufi fLL13 Lg. Sued sf3n£3rds f3: appr3"al sh 313 be included in a printed mnrual pTe-arefi by $33 stLta 3&3333193 c..;:Lcy and distr13ufed to the ptblic To eValvmte educafiior31 prugrams 333 to encourage _--. .... . .31.. - . : . .0... 71,3. 2.3.1,. . -1 "I. ,. .19. 3 fi ‘11 01‘11t*».xlu~dg .1-» 1:2‘V...C?lt I‘chSL‘JLté.u-53 “13134.13 01' 11.23.33-LQ.LL-:1.¢.J.J' .- - .4.. 1 = -. .- :~.-. , - 4—,. ..3 :13, trazned Suif- WuOSQ 'bs;onsLb3LLLJ it 13 no 3p13133 321 1 - L!“ ‘2 " "" I :‘f J- .’ "1“. ‘ " ‘, ’t 1- ,. eflgctiV3 ETV‘ral far 93L; 1 rpcse. LLLL31L tL~3 SGTVng I I -\ up . , A .. , <2 ' —_ TI..- ‘ ' to" _ ‘ 3‘ 1 3-. m ‘- any licensing placemdr2 Ls v.m-u31 ' Leahigtless. -33 '.... -l_-‘_." -.1 n : 3,. _' ., 3 ,3 .. 7 “re“TP of 3:1c133 3L 3 R3238 o; a chaLSLLg psugrgm must U be met setislg' ct: lily bv éach state. Y Q 'L‘ ‘fi‘ r 1 r *9“ 1 aa—I ." ‘-.I 43 l ' RT?) 33:33.0 ;;'C"L3 ..i -.3 LT‘7L1.CYL l; $.31"? "JLfLCL'ltf .33. C H- '+ n ‘A‘ i «1 r — 3 3 t pg. “1:13 1 Or 511 1313,01“ t 14'. 1,}3 f 3’." S CLZOLLS M33339. pL-P}V33 13 1.10 b - n‘ .' ‘ 1". . «" ,‘!.‘I‘.t‘ ‘“ I ' f ‘3" 7 .‘h.u v- "‘ "0 ..“ ‘ " based upcn e 3thi3Lu. 3W Lugpm 333 ;“r ‘oan~ ChilQJ9flo 1L3 3339 al p blic may act ‘3 am: re of diffar rcnsea whicn . r exist between tha t3+ n3? 0; tLe cantribufiion to & chilé's dew-33 C“"““"*‘ filmy mar-.73 3 Iris? :1'; to :ng-wt fro: -13-.1t Bale 3310013. _ r s 1.. LL; , .{...1-_‘!.2 1.179 .,..,,..,1: ,3.._ - I.,. -3 -13 '1 50:00 3 W313» mflub on. 33L3.23 3L33Lr3333 3 SflJ Wu: 3 aLsa givn the regeral 333113 n 30333 b3: 3 on 33.03 to suLecc‘ praflchfirl facilities For .L3ir childrwn. .vrvo“" Oi caustly: "£13013 lbfbul tuw' diructora of pr: SCL3 31:9 :3 ficularlr of thcse scL3zl$ which erw v- ‘ w r“ -- A > 1-1 1" fl 0, . - -w T‘ 1"." - ¢r. ‘ . - . . . 'r" . uriva Sly 3-1333 an: L3L3L193 L333 h3d iHSLLILcieLL LIOLessloua (~‘r‘v J" V\ Yiffi a v.“ \lf r‘ ' '1‘.‘ b t’: }‘ - ‘ d \jAL 'JO '1..- L'e,‘\¢1-L\.)‘\/..‘o eE-KLC/a “()‘l wotu «h "i ‘ _ Vi‘ , -.1 .1.:_.'_ 2.. -‘ ,-.,..-..-. .31L11..._ ',‘:W":? 6"" ""TH'In‘Z’I .331 fig.“ gin-.1." 3 b : ‘c‘tk‘l e ." ”.11 31:35:” '5! L525; 3.4 If"! ‘kl 5- w- k: w) a‘p‘d -—J.-L-"- \,;“L -L(‘-“AJV '.\J ‘14 1'1 yo" ‘o M- \“U C 4‘ ., ~ . .. q -- - a- . ' .' , . V ., § -. l . .o , Al ' I L . A\ , , H \ x 3/ .‘ I'T . fi ‘ «- .V 'k a, \ 9 ‘q T- “l $'- A. on '1‘ K; 1‘0 .-_ y") ‘ ’3‘- ‘- M C?-;r i ilable 8V3 ~I... I‘D 21"“ r‘ sq f1 .4- , SST!“ .‘ .-. I ‘v‘d ..A-J ‘v . ‘1 .‘ 2'1.- . T‘.'..q‘ ‘ *1. ‘ '(‘E-fi. -u,MJA_ O a. up t . v .: - _'-'| -‘rv‘ . a J“ k? "I'rUIL'.fib'-J IA .- 6‘ J of com- 2‘.“ 1‘ UFO" A .Is- 3“!" . J Mt . c \J 1 534. 1 T. .g J. '3 f- ‘31 ft ‘. x) ’. s...“. t is '1 V: L U Effeg. "1 ,1 , Chl‘;refl‘ .v 'r r y‘r‘J-I'n V vt-LL. 3‘ .‘C: 1‘1“. 7. Li \ ..e__W (2;...v 41511;. 138.11] .~+ $0.»: ‘5; t1- {7 111’ 1" he 5 ‘. L 1 UL; I"! t 1 “,5 d- a ’ .'I ‘ ' Us is 0v It cancerneu, States 0. 5.5. x., 4(1 i . fl". . ”7 C4}; 1 . .1 f‘ ‘O'. U Q: ' ' . .‘lv-‘fi‘q .' t -. ~ . !.4.L:-“.L ‘1“:3 I . f‘ ‘1 1-, CAD ii; 4LGI°3 - I r th&n Ct 1.1‘. , L415: ‘4 L k-Li - x f’. ad prugressed h V ‘.. . i lvea " ~W'7‘r 1t|a iz‘vu 'i— "E .. W43: pr” 3.3 0113 C; iVC‘ NE? 9-! meat :4 e -‘ J. Y. .i. \4 -£ 574. bi. ”"11“”? v -.eb . -\ \4'. not h H I . l C ‘-. ’v-. ‘-.J low; 3 101 . n he a 3‘ lcluie' -{ . 4-! 7‘.“ "vh.’ O Hnnv r 3 A .3..~ ,. .- LI. .m .-.. .VI‘ .3 3 ax ‘a. 'U l\ C l ‘1‘. ~ . ..z. e O T ml a...“ O T Lb 0 31A. \flw J .C A. T C “sways-11w” E .n-... “N fi- 4- h authority only a D “‘3‘“. :‘A~*‘.4 16 .5. :17: j“. {'1 ‘ 8 schools. 1 ‘E ‘ D . \‘Q T; u OVG I' k C no re. 0 0T9 n. n... o a-” n.” '1 a- C ..L pill f. 1.. “L t a...“ 5.“ new. .4. I4 ..2. v: 6.» hr 3.. A...” G V. r.“ 4-. 91 H... t. l .4 r ‘4‘ .3 .AJ ; S. «c .1, «‘9 ¢. ....,. c: L «In v...‘ bl. 51.. A.. Q 1151‘] 43lfare c ' ‘v q an :1 o 'UJL.’ ‘ *1 ~b¢ I ‘s 1 Que lllil .- - . x». ‘D .‘.-.. ,1. ,.. -, 1. r ,., is. been 5.iV9: any 99,L1 r 9:9“919 lity' t1 9“ 99 int "3.541 ‘31) 8!? 3:16. ‘3 1’0““"3 1 ”31.221 .....it 9' 1'. TI' 96:51.13}? U ‘ .3! at'. Vi‘l“n ‘:‘¢’.H ..a (4L.\¢(.§u-u 2...". ALI *7- any. -. &; (3.731133 in .f 95”“: b. 2310;.”‘1 {"7"th C'i r}... :S(:El\?C313 is or \ primary concefn th, state fiefiartHOLt of efiucstion V9315 b3 the ammorflntfl ROV‘“WV””*“1 939993 to b9 charg d by law to -39999 r993.u.113._ity far inclulfng this efucatimna Opp thwxity as pr rt of 1&3 9?0195?:Lip. t pr9991;t there 9999 to be no 9919? 11y eccepted criteria for 99 99939999 licoxsixg 199. Under the 39: ance of profeesimn9l 1993939Lip, s Pnfin‘és for nypTQvnl onld well L8 estatlisusfl 9:199 Stittfi c 219 9&99t t9 t391r por- A 990599519991 staff V9213 r1296 to be fircvidc 5 for i 91999 tigj a pr93919 of con misery ~zw"uvdl t1. 51 , a. . - - . . -,-.,...3 _.. .1 4- mm: 7. 9., 4., a 19933290.19Ls, 39399J1919L and C99: loatlon. 99:9 t.~ CSL¢U* ' .- .,: ..P -91... .. ‘ '\. A Q ‘5' u’ 1‘ .A'u _ .. ,.‘ . '3‘ (t: . _' . . ? 113L99Lt 991 1:;1:L.;;9L;>n 91 99951999‘ 99? covrulsarj apvroval the 9*“1 ty C;W9:9;9913 99919 be 9999tly infiroved. 9“? J...‘ " ': ‘-" '3 -. ’Q a" i- ‘ _ b r a ‘4‘, r ‘ & :iun tie 9999999; L3 91L99.y, t1: re 99 93 D9 9 areauer i O O D ’ O Q I ‘§" - , “.1,“ "2 ~‘ r“ ‘ 5 ‘1 “ I "‘ r- r: . 1“ “3. -‘~, ,7 6 ~' -' ‘ H" . l .. i '! " 'V t .I“. L d 99“.: .2“: w. z: u 92.2-1 W 9 5-. 9 9:: 2.43; , 01.1.3.3 9 .LC v .91: 92:5, 0 9 . .9 u’J' t +‘v ..l ‘9‘ «T 1 [voc‘ n -g "—.I" ,3,“ .2. ¢ fi’r‘g’." - £' f' 1",“ ’- ,—q f 1“” 01'.Ll;r4 waif) 1.1+ Li anti-.91 0.1. a“; 1:! .( Hus.- LK;3..-.y LT” _.;._j-,,‘ S 991...; O CII 1:173. III A 6* T:“' CI: ‘ *fi.‘j‘*fl ”"V.T *"':")~. "* 7 I'x‘ . :5 * n f‘"‘ " ’ ' " . r: _ ~ o _' 'u - ‘i _ . ‘ -_ 9 ' I . . . ‘ ‘ ,_ , ‘ .' , AJUA ..c‘ ..TLY ‘J 3.1. .JJ-JJ‘IJ .‘40 ..s oJ-'-.O§t-V .LJ‘ ‘ 5‘; (VI -‘.A\. \ILAJ Jx'l b\.¢.g ;.p\h.,..“) 'fl‘. flue-q .fi- party 1- 4-." ’ "‘.‘ . '3‘”. '01 ”31-1‘ 4 .' I "“"r ‘. 9 ff" ‘2 53-1.3.1 J\I&_-AD ..J‘jx .91, Abd’ Q"J‘LL 11..“ 03“!“ .“ ‘J't‘ $~x‘v‘,' .v, ,n‘ ,‘D‘ f 'I r‘ $ ’ any-5‘:- T ' fiv . " i'aWu- VLOUVHI‘I‘ i¢5 u-J‘v‘--' Lui‘.‘ u- a f '. ‘5 u v. - - -- f». -\ ‘ 4 "r r \p m, -‘. ‘\ 1806111578 madam.) 101' cal-e 3m educatiou c... rl‘e.3a.u~ 1.) I; ..F euIlaren are beiI' 3 01 fared toaay by a number of .ivvsca 0r"1“iurt1 R3 in m: .y diff3rent forms eand Va“.3t“ of patterns, here 13 an urgcat 330d for $13 eve‘ofimuLt €13 enforcement of licensing 3+;nfiar‘" far 3331 prcg :23. filthovvh day—care car te ars In Laimi iana, at the pT031‘nt .‘J writing, are glrealy 1nM1312& in la licenuuLI prcgi “W, Irw- g sciaols are not. 1% n,nc3 tka 333: fer licens fig 3t3:;aris “or preschools 11 the atamta bearsinv03t15&*1on. $13 purposa of this chapter 13 to discuss the fin 13.3 from a attrvcy of ex Sting czu ditions in *1 vntJ sc1rctei preschools in 3 101131333 33*"03111123 area. Tic dnfia were 0‘ tained tLro sash otszvatian of the schools in sessixn 3nd by interviewing tha staff person in charge.1he ob: Iver used a schofiule wizich nrov1lcfi data far 339 in comyariag 313t13? confiiti 383 with proposad standrrfis. (386 Apuen”1x II 4. for-schgflule.)‘ 7 ”‘1 I. ) Inclufsted 11112;: 332331.113 we r13 1:313. “110131213 aspects ' ' I - ‘ .9. . k r. . . p. (’5 .94 t J". ., H. ’p l.\ 4-, of preschool auxidi3tr3tIQL: whl.‘ #131», stqu, 33 1,3 *3 - . . v-s. .. '- \ . I . ‘.'-' "‘"r .“ ~"' -- ' 0110133 and prose u.u3, p133 an 3331p335o, pragram, I v ‘ _, , ' ' . ‘ H ‘. d r . . ‘ ‘ ‘ r . . ,4, ‘ > ‘ ' a . . ‘. .3 ‘ . . ‘ . l ' ’ ‘ V .01 ‘ “ ' 5, ~. .. . . . . - ‘ A ' r .. . ‘ , ‘ - ‘1 , , ., ‘ , .-.‘ _, 1 (h ‘ ~ ‘ ‘ ‘ ‘ " ' z - no. . .- n .' , . a. L «(I ~ ' ' ~ i. . . . — . . , . __ x I. .. - - . ». . - ..‘ . ’ .. ‘ L. , ‘~ . .A . . - ‘ ‘ '_ . .. , ' ¢ . , h A .— .fi 1 ‘ I ‘ ~‘ r ' . u. . . A . .’ . . \. - ' f - ' t ‘ ‘ l l I ' a - ~‘ ' i ' ‘ ' ,. ‘ ' _ v. ‘ -‘ ‘ . 7 ‘ ' ‘ - ' I . , .I u- . ‘N "f , ‘ , V I ~ ' '- .‘ . . . I ' v - . . , l . r, I I- ‘ . - ‘ . k"I . ‘ i , . ‘ {:3 recorfis, and 2222~222221 r :l2t122 . Th2 2023213 22120t25 to 2tu5y were 1222t25 in 22 urban 2r22, since in Lcui2i2na, most preschools are loc2t25 in urban areas. Th2 follswin3 types of apcnsarship 2222 2012525 12 th achools under investigatior 3 - PriV2te nan-church affiliated 15 - Church 2?? 1122 1 -Univ2rsity 12b2 22 tcr In the enstui;5; 512022-2102 the find 232 2222222123 existipc Q “ '3 s 1 L -\ r ' 2 - ','. . ». practices are comnared 'A E 2 322 25 atbuficrls for 112223123. H U *Jo (I: t a H m M r? g; 0 N2 0 ‘L,’ 1.2.. I! a" tJ. Q ,3: H C: 2 p ‘ a $2... ted; in: d" pro '1 O 0 1—“ f: i": 3.' O m r» L ”9-1-‘ ‘ .y~¢ +3- '4 —‘ .- .' ’fi’n‘ 4o.--n. rati‘.’5’ Que. W33 LJFJM-i cl‘JC‘J-‘g’ TC (aw; AIL-Knubl tlJ;ks 1.2.1 “-43 1.1.20.1“...gu2133 ‘ no . 5‘ -"- am er- ‘ V «r-v J -, 5 ‘r ands Hzaruery admogt o s 25:12 dy 2-23-23 22 the £1225. The anawar 5222253 upon the number, 92111 235 :x2crienc2 of Pr ‘3. O. - ‘3». I‘ll " ,’ 5‘ ': “HQ-3‘, _‘ ,_ ..,.‘ ,3 .. ~33 .‘, -" ...‘ _' i ‘. 1:2 [5614.23.93 ; fine I? a. CS. 3.1 0. 51.2-.- 2.2... :2 ; 2.1.2.1 21.23;: 5-. 3.2.3221" f¢c+or¢ f1 vgqflvxlmq- 0“ “104‘P‘p'.'{1:+-! ’1" Jm 4-1323 (1"! 3‘"! ~. pl” 3-. .2 ’1 (a u U it s) .' «A iél-‘éuer, A Gigs bdu.'ch J-'d.{.'-:ou3 ' I. 944.} ‘- 4.12.7.8} \u’fi. 04443....“ , .3 J. .1... ._, . .3 l- J.~ ..-. ..‘. . . .!,- 1 3 , 3 , ‘5... 4 fl“ 11 m. 4 1 ”I develafimen» hs‘a 22222w2 22 ~52 $222221 0 222222222t. ATV)!" "' “t" "' f: ' 1 5’22: 2: u‘ .51) Li-Js.’ uI-‘uwd'u l 2-- - -2... . ..5 .1 d t - .9- T1. .2 -_ _ .1 1. _, n 11-!“ 4 3 x- 4... "r v ..T " f' .. fifi I-.fi-1:. ’ 3V7 r Ir. V..'-‘ fi ,_2 ‘ c fl. 1 e liSLLAZa. 2., 1' ' 0.1.2.2422??? E Lam-a. as M" 34. 3 Jun! #X ..VAL 32:24.) &.L&20&U\J‘ nil ".J Héachter 1222 2123‘1122, Ksrrn Eflstrcm, 212 k nggtgkng $ Mr .- “ _.... 9 M .13 . ,. . a. .‘v, r: . 223 212212 222222. 2122 £22 322212225 2t2222252 o2 2p2rov21 O "3 "" 'c' ‘u ‘ 0“ ~.‘ ", R. 1 ‘3. "- 8‘ ‘3 at" J‘ ‘ ~. -. - ‘ ‘ c i for ctillu c fAIiCB 0:4 Lit {5.5.33 figu'ld‘u ;\..:‘ .1 {3 CL .ufk‘lis .L&‘ “A alt? E} L (2 “5:3 S .. l W 1":v1150 c::fi:;-Jup c 3.8‘5. I. . '7' . ‘ l 3 ‘? .',-, -'. ., n ' -.’. T; 0 Licnigan, 22:22y222222, 235 2-? ours- 1‘ .1“. ‘* .‘~fl ' 1“ 011 122-2? 212322.. 1... my .3 ' 1239 522222201 Q‘JHFS, .' \‘ _,( .- \ . _ . , . .o , s I . O . u I l d: . . .. a. A? s . . t 3' u | s . CPI. . . x f Rose ,3 Gr0“p I , 11:1“);0 11 Group 111 1v“93?" 9 - ‘. 's -. -, J~£l‘—a"r LLJ—i:uu3? n.1- ,— 3- 1 , ..J. .._ v. ,nLfiJcrgarucn, 7 It was the Opinion of for evalua tLq_j “t"TEchd ..1udzr3. three yea -r3 0; 333 wrs n3t su1ficis ntly matura to benefit Prom structured 3roup 113*ri‘1ces far tic nresc 11331 333 child. Child-care facilities, whosa major concern is for the EAVSICHI welfare of th3 chin , usua.11y do 11101339 children of twa years. preschools, the re uiremonts of three into Burs cry schaola :indergarten were set as mixixun 3333 for preschcol arcugs. Sizes of groups icr nu m3ry 3c? 00 are raconxenurd Ly v: r: cue authorities. suggest figures for nunbers of children i follawsa c"; 00000 (2' " {-1} O ‘z~.'~ - «1 F" " '1“ 1‘34?! . g . g . 1i.) - :3 CL;-IL.:.'\ ..A-.11 1—31 ‘ {3 I" ’1" fl “ 5 .1... up t0 2: “ The optizu r11 nv“‘.bcr o; caiiaren per 3333 for PT ‘1' £08 (I) Alschuler is 16 - 33; ouHIrq 1H033 Chflfiren'g v» M n n- ~. I. cma ’ :7‘331 ”1&1 . 0; Tu ’4’ (A K) O ’ 2‘11. 9 i" O ’2 1 O 2:7 fl“ . f‘ 11"., 'b\ I. 5" I" -—.‘1 4‘ - 8.11.1. 1.11}. Ii. CC-1L-31 33111 11:1;ZCE’WU‘ a - a, 0-10ch 53‘1". L “‘ 31331331”, (irintw 51:13 1:- 30333 333p., 1951) 9. 3 a . ‘ p31 131: by 3.3. CO f I“! \‘J the guises rho served as c'“vv1t tILQt a C:.i1d Ci. .. .,. - .. _ .0 ‘3‘! clscnul 3r 515333 3 a}? fraugs 33 1011333: Since this 33IV3y included only years for entrance 3 of £133 years 13: enfiranca ilto ch'l‘ran toe 1: and Waachter 333 Wane n a group as “a )\* D I! O I! 1:. p 33 3333 cups of varying 1"" .- r v fl_ 4?; _+"::' :i (“CB"{J 15,113." th ”:chtar, '91148d 111 UOS:AO. 0 “YR Gan-Q ested L 1653 than . .1. -.. Linéergarumns hter -1. 32+ ‘ a ... . \ r ages 0L children 13 reccmdzaqefl 33 follo"3: 3363 2 - 3‘ years of 333 ..... 15 - 22cLfljrelin group a :7" 5 u I! u on... 22 " 2‘," u I! "1 fl 5 O! n u ..... 25' - 3.3 a II I: Figures re 33.033 d as max1ial group enrollment for child~ care centers in.the state of flew Jo racy have been set at: 15 three year 0113 18 - £023 ” 2.5; - 3-1135 1. :2 The suggested standarfis 333d in his study of t zenty ch1 dram for maxiuum enrollment of 313 sery school units and twenty— five chilfircn fer 3331333 enrollment of'kinuzrjartgns ap- rozimated the axe: 339 of the figures from tha sources listed above. To enrbla pxe 3c heals tac L23ly with maximum enroll— ment recommencrations for size of 3r3 3p, soverLl units mry be no ces wry in order to proviie for 11.3 $313. fiuml>er of chil-ren enrolled. Lnere schaola ar: sufficia‘tlj large t9 require several units, maturity erou: L.3s are rccummcna ed in order to offer edwurl, 033 suit 31319 to the various l”vela of dovelo; meat. The ratio of alults to chilfl 115 scaled to the chilCren's growth toward 1.1332233333, the 11316: ccmmofiL y used being chCL=101031cal age. Sfianaards for approval of w 7"— w ‘1‘. gDivision of» rr'cul Hana laws Lime etion Office of Elementary Eflucation, 333333333 for A 313311 of Chilfl Crra Jartnfie A Rejort Preparcd‘fiy ’LQ Sfiéte 03 luu'Jflron EEL"unh z of Lancatian (Eronton, Yew 39’3019 1959), P. 19 chili-care centers in lieu Jersey recomme nd the followu ratio: three yen 012 8 - 1O CHLIurca per tc; $0333 iIJ-nlr H (I 13 - 12 five u n 15 _ 20 u u :1 Acccrfiinq to L3ren Hilstrom, the average number 01 chilfl $33 per 333 it sufigested by the Hational Association for Bursary Eincatio3 is: 1 adul t mar I! I! n l! N I. Msclmler 1O - 1h three year olda 1‘4 - 13 fez-1r ” “, 13 - 20 five " "2 sugg®sts an over-all ratio of eight to ten chi flrcn per adult.3 Adult-chili ratios cited by'Ka 3:3 Hilstrom were consid ered to Lave too few adulfis, hance ratic as required in flow Jersey standards were selected.as being more acceptable. .512Lr ‘HCIV31 p3rtanc ca 32 having afety fireceutic n, chilfircn. -9 .,,. . .,, rec3duvLunL1on3 for 3330113 .-.& , 0 two ad3lu3 pro3ent r51 _ ' . .. -. T€35J @333 of size of 3 _ A. 'I «nt were 9533-1 ‘A F 53333. The E3 of all the 203333133 cansidoraticns, suggeste- 3 33:; 333 in the ”chmM as 1 Tbiij’ p. as in 3 W 13 '14. u Z‘i"it1 133Wire“~ s for: a, »' Eéncgtggg, KV'(>wu;cr, 19 GO), . 133. 3“ ‘mge JON--14. Staff far preaches? enrollment are enunfirmted shown in Table 3. 1“}. trnm, "2he Stufiy of St3t¢ 8;: 0 and urser;r 3313313” T’0_§:fi”331_o? 13??“31 ’Ll?3117_.4.f.¢ ’ 01'}. Cit.’ p. If}. QWWI'V'} .11") an} fafir ." r 1 ‘2'1‘! "7'! j} rv-o ‘ «Ta-s .4 a &‘ 145131.411). C“ u/btlvbalq CC}.- I. L 31nd: ‘v..L-Y£.s 131... J\.lu ..J-«lD rc‘ 1 Q7? 1‘ "1 T . LL21: b) ‘. L. -) Lb ..-~ A __ _._A. ‘# _._ v p! as #28 main: at tLree y77r7 as o; d g 1; a. Nurecryc . $1001 e73 shall he defi.ned n 1 September 1 of tha yc: be inL;nr __ A KindergLrten 333 shall be definefl as begLnninz at £3 ur years aLd ei7Lt moLths as of “cytomber 1 of tLe year u7712riuu schssl. 8' 3 c. 'Haximum e: ollz'n.u f a I 1rsc ry sci 001 unit shall note mod 20 clilCrcn. O k 1’ u. brzirufi nrollmcnt o; a W mm cr~~7n ‘un*t suall not ercee 25 children. 0 E 1E e. SeEonls sLall mainta Ln as many'units as 3?? ubfi'nq to provii- far the chilcren eLrollcd. 6 6 8 f. bvwitj gro ~1n' are reartnrna d u 3 1.!“ A‘ .. I 'w are scurral units are p?OViJOd. 7 .‘n-f 3‘ .' ."‘-'- . 3o RLULO 0L EJR¢QS ta CL ldren shall 11 ct exceed: 1 aiult to 8 - 10 three year 016, f. ~ " 14 Busides the prescho :1 tfiflchr, thre shall at all tiwes be L.0.. tr r.dult availablz in case of emar; two *sz csluzn heaied 34;; initcates thgtt the statement did not ajpl- to the scLJcl situytian because ti'ga factor under cons‘jernticn aid not exist or was act agplicable to —‘ the school unaer observation. ( D .‘ 1 .. . 3. h . , ' . .‘n‘ . ‘ Q .. . . ~ . ' .U. ' .2 ‘ C . . .l \J , un»--‘~ l v '. xv ~,"1 . , \ . . ’h . \ V ‘ I . . _ . w . . _ , , -»-.n. .v.-. - a ...k v 4 «-w- “‘ - a ‘ , V.- ~--° 4: l .“'v‘ .4 -vu ml .- ‘.k.v--9 . -.a ~-o ‘u 2 st 0. -w. --A. ‘ .., I I | -\ 'o '1 w...- ‘3 ‘ ‘ ‘fi-v‘ a. --- ”~— - not- . -mor . Of the twenty preschools v13 ted twelve included child ren they considered to be of ”nrrscry age“. Ten directors from this gran? a3recfi that three vears was the acceptasle age far cntr= into the youn3est prescf 031 group. Ages of children from these ten schools ranged from three thrcugh five years. Directors from thg two retaining schools acceptefi chilfi3en as young as two years into their "nursery age" group. Tbs director of the u11’.ver31ty lr boratory . 319593001 Eta ced the t, in her Opinisn, chi ldren ycun3cr than 3} years shoulfi not be accepted into preschool groups. Each of the schools visited included children they con-' siiered to be of "kindergarten agar; howeve the H1 actor from one s 1001 accepted an 16 iran as youn3 as three years ané eight months into this groug, rains; than the su3305ted fcur years and ei3h months as was accoptofl by aha remaining nineteen schools. although the majority of groups did not excead figures listed for maximum enrollment, it was noted that three schools had enrollments greater than maximum.recomxfi naati ans or twenty for nursery 939 3:93: 5 anfi fear exceeded the standarfl of twentyafive for xinanr~wrt:as. Schools hich are Operated primarily tor monstc ry giinsn ma; atte.1pt to hanflla woups which are too large far most effective results. Moustakas and Berssn state thxt "to; o1ten bwslnaés 30313 tago - “v m. ... #fr ",6 4' " ’,.o‘-"‘I". “‘.fi_ “n-x 4‘ r 9 -* 1 Precedence over UuuCEbLQLml 313n111us". lug mbfiv sdr1uusly xa 1Clarh a. fidustM as and .1“M1* BOTSOR, op. cit.,p 3.32. 5" “:7.! CV rcrowicd $10333 were 30311 in 333 "3L3373 vizxa chi.l 11333 numbercfi as 3333 as $3 iaur—eni fng-yc:r 01w CL-L£r?r 9“? teach 3. She yn;l>zsrLy in thae 139 3313313 iiffercfi from fihat of o 13? preschcol grants, the $113 53333 of their 0 _ O b y ‘a o I . ”'1 3 33".“ .M- .‘ 6"“ 3;",‘fi’1 ..I' 1r .anlq'i'w'f. Ame ..C’ -.(31..~. J u. .1} I ..L‘ 1.»... 3.19333 m‘- 3.... 1“. q .. .. ,3 -. -..‘\._ . program L11L3 319131 ’ 3 . A“; h . «'0‘ It‘q 4-- ,9 ‘h V 1.» 4 ~5- a f’ - O: u. 1 .-. - 4.; 9 ~, ..' --- wry-‘1" r0 Y 911.4: ‘17“...V‘. * ; -,,r- 11.331n c1 11 3333.; ”Lupvl, 1111311 MULLtM1LLJ n , a.“ \- . q. . f“! 'q'l .. several un'1‘ t3* , as L03191 to 3‘0 133 for 1L9 ca 9; ‘- '.N '3". ‘ V“ W.‘ - .5 — 'V ‘ "" . -‘- * ' no a _ - enrolleu. Iu 11 e scLools, 31.30 1Jc1113193 more 110331? overcr 933.1, there was no @131313“ "y unlts. '- t- 1 , .5 .,. ., f .2 ," . 53.1., 01 sauocls 3393: geveral un1t3 were prov1ged, Oihut '9 q‘ 'V t' ',‘1‘-~'~"‘0 " ' u'”w 6. \- {‘2‘ n“ 111‘ '- ."‘r groxlped ch1lwrun nouoruluQ to moLqutJ. 31; scLools, aluthQA having several units, 311 hflt gran? ch1l£ran 390023;“3 to maturity; The six schosls cansistxn: a: 331 one unit wars inclu13d in the "omit“ columfi s nee the wattar sf 33333133 accordifig to ma urity Hamid net appl' to thcir 31tn3t102. Beyorts on the nufiber 01 02113191 333 afults were varied. S113 tLe pU“il—t echsr 'atio in 333335 with 389 d (D B (A O 5 O f...‘ U! ['9 o D {I} (1’ 2:; u 1 (I r: {.4- [.J 1 -1 *1 52) ..S {J ... (4. 5 c? f m ' J a . 1 ‘3 ‘3' (J 3.7 H h I H L) .ks ' d" I. ' I'w‘.‘ "". - ‘ ‘- ‘4 l“: ».'.‘"t 513 schcol 3 33993191 311113 in: 393:93tau maa1tucu1.1J r U19; a .' (~_ '1 ' . 1'3 1,“ .. w _ D . four schools :Lfl mare tLan tan Si:j33t“4 TMLQT o- ch11-E . ' a- 9.. 3, an" or ~4-..—. .. -1.~ . 3.3.... r“- 1 .. pt}? 8.3111 n . 11.3011": 1.! Li} .L 1.1 U133}; 3(311113018 6.013.291.“ u 1.; 1. 0.411..ng 1:1“ 1‘6 . J a O _ ,o 93' 9- J" ‘3‘“. O - O . J. 1 “| z. N- O 4" ”-_“‘-‘ '1 Quilt-CL... r31 Ina-tic}; Ill—31"? G’:C\J‘.?'~.LJ\1 bum: 81;»:C: qua .1...le3. -L-\4LC-& .0 ‘C ‘ ' qua 0 Ca 1 2... . w 5‘. ‘9‘. “f. a. a? h 01 359 tweLtj Wch cls iu 13381 11Je~ycnr-o13 cL11333L. 1 these, fovrtnflu 0399 3-t9d 1r1tLin the smfixbstna ratio 0 l. 2.8 L a .3 I r G ..I M. H O .0 D O ..m... 3»... mu .41 fl... 0 x» l a... m a O .1 r S l I t «w .4 M mw n¢ 9 c m. T n t .l I .n ,. b O a O C c. P u T 1:” Q G. C Q «Q Fa Am .3 a“ w v. m a“ a M...— Iul $4.. xv Q! C .r. n. 0 m. a A 3 0 Y... T. B E 0 “w m r» W nu % e my 0 “a o a n; a .,. .. r 9.... a w. y D r .u. _,....,_ S e r H h .. s. I. 2 .L m... L t. O a“. a PL Q4 3 D 3 d S t .1 ..L . C n... a... a... mu. .3 %“ ‘¢ .n n. r“ e 3 3/ a... C m n A." t Tu .1 . . mu as”. n 3. .... «J n e a” u r v.- 1 5 an m...- c A» Q9 $1. .1. .1; «MM... 0 ... L... h ”WU out .H In?“ 1 3“ aw F LL ..v. m” C .... n... 1’ .. .. h t 1.0, .t t “a . .11 n t a l S O e at. a a m \... .. i on» o .l. ”.1... .. .w k 3 t i Mu r n E t. u. .. a .. .. fl 0 1.3 n 9.... L - r9 2) ..r. _ P. ‘. .T. m. a... .fu 1 u m J... Am at “W v 1 A 5 b 4.... : c. an... m u... m .. .M u .T, T . m n .. .1 3 5 O 0 ..u h... v C l n. ..l 4 ..3 S a 1 no 8 “A e u .4” "2* o. L. r r... a... 1:— C 91 Q Q “I. ..l .1.“ b C 0 .A flaw h o “1.9. Mb 1 a. C b“. Pw .n. m. G e a e a S C S n L. e n; O n AU W. A.» 1....“ .3 t e _.. J C 1 «A l S n; r. 3 a .3 1.... v. .3 .._ .. r O n u G C a a t r. 5 l w a ‘r't 'evcr th e atio. 0-3 'ffl' .1 at 0110 .3 cauld b0 ‘\_4- l 1313 3-" 1 933.3 Ill 3 " 101’s? «3. "8 I iii r ‘_ J. g \ Q- t-c° § 1.19 3’ st 1 Vi ‘29 3:6 30" $ a ‘59- 1'31} 1.0 VG? . ';'--"S .‘ ~. 11419 2 a“- 1.1“; :3 .3 a“ -' C ‘ ‘f‘ La. - ..g ’, Q A. '9 C. Q .'C “.88 z t ‘ uh .- 11d t I I c- .a., .,. _ . .uuauaca of at I .0 ‘5‘".- 4, -i-z 12‘ 'n M «In 7,- tam; w? ‘ .‘O\ 46.1.; U , 7m a. ('1 I | d.- ..,a Ju- 'Y t I“. \p' q I . ,1 L .1 f O ‘ 1.5L; '3". , to L2: rt C Lumdu .L' . l .4.- *" ..-. u 01 } fog-"n '19 L! 1 a .—- e e- U' ' -.-'\'.1 .‘J- . 4- 5 . LA L ’ A-. u- ; -(- ..- P‘ V‘ (5+4... “1.3-? C V 23 Ni: .‘\V ~ I) ‘0. Ilu'; \ {J ‘1; non-w V .- t OTC- .‘ L493 3:. “‘7‘ U... '1 1r M’A—J— :rc» u'."'x 4.x; 7. 1 ‘I 3 the re D LA .5 A45 0 v. 1 ‘v‘. (2 {Yu- \ 9. ‘51 0'. t 4. cl curt (10', Y "lftn t be .7351? i 2': st“ it 5438 . C 5 $51 1“ a. “5 'uc'--L ," l'.‘\ -c— fl”.-u~ (w ‘3 s“. ‘ «s 'IJCAQ J- k U I ..- ¢ 7. U... 1...“; I :r O O 20 w: r- ‘ “s aypii-' H J- t in t u'. — \ 1‘, .4 ‘6‘.- i in abs t anew schccls, an t1“: (49% s ‘45—‘le Cl t .1 .. s u 1 . o a . V .x‘ q . . r . . . . ~ . ~ . . , n L I . . r . _ . . , . ‘ . v ~ , . . n . u . \. I I... ‘ u o - ‘1 . . A y, , ._ u . . . . , . . .. o I ’ I , , . n i r . u I . . . A. y x . . g0 SV ff A competent staff is of paramount importance in providing aiequate education for young children. The staff in any type of preschool, be it pr1v8ta, public, 16b012t13ry, etc., is made up of person3'w1th varied typos of training and eL_..crionce. ”The number of staff members required will depend upon the 8138 of the school, the arrangement of the building, the ages of t1.o children, and the facilities made available through cOOpcration with othor social and health 1 Another factor which affects the number of agencies." persons needed is the daily schedule. Some activities ouch as meal times require more s~1porvision than does the free play period, for example. "All members of staff must work together to build a frienfily, tension—free atmosghcro for chiléron. Cnly through cooperative effort on t.e port of every;oombor of the staff can a sclm ol dCVGIOp the atLOSphere and solrit of good will best suited to the Cure of young chilfircu. Every member of tho staff has a distinctive contribution .to maze and a pc r one 1 rcSponsihility for the success of the unit."2 The fissoclatlon for Childhood Ldacetlon lrterr atlonal, Committee on Euroory Education rag listed what they term "some qualifications xfnich are basic" for those wfio work A. A A v... __—__,_ 1Rose Alschulor, p. cit., p. 79. I5 ‘1bid. . 7 v . v- I u 7-.- 77_ v. -c . ‘ l ,. a . \ .1. cu .- A , L t I n . '- I ‘ . ..l. . . . \ \- ~...r...... v‘m-n ~ ‘ u o ,. I . - 4 .- ‘- ‘ . I . h ‘ I. , . A . ' .‘ u“ .. _ ‘ | J ‘ ". V - u ' .l L ' ' s L _ ,’ Pf . - ‘ “ ¢ . u ' U . 5 . . ~ L . , .. . I. - O ‘ i A . o . o- 1 v I ' 1" r' ‘. x u , . .. . . . ' r - .L' \ . . - . ‘ n ‘K v v-* , o. " ' y o a- . n .- ‘ O c g . J. - . . . ; . . ‘0‘ A a l 4 . .p 7 .‘F .. J» .. I- .< ’ I; . ' ‘ l . o A '.‘ I _ A \ J. ! - - ' ‘ .9 -/ -- . . {O “ - . . - . 3“ l v 0 O T « . I b '.r‘ ‘ . . ~ or I " ' _ . I _ ' v . ~ ~, u . “I Div“ . «L Iw-».‘m-f.' . _ I . , . 'w ' I j - x u . _,.I L, “ '5. . ~— . . . . ,. . l v ' . . a ‘ . J . \ .7 . - I .’ . . u' "I . .. 7 ‘ . . '- t ,o.. w,. , .c -.I with y3ung chilircn. Those incluls: 1. Frocific raining. in the uxficrctcnaii sci guidance of 2 - 0 year old coiliron. 2. fl worm snfi out 91.3 personality ani the ability to give affection withogt su:.LcIiL” or over- vfialming. 3. Jooi health sod pfysi col sta nainz, Such willingness anfl ability to soc d consi time out of doors in cold wor‘hcr. .r 3-7 \J'mr": L!-Le %. fbility to work well with both cdults on* children, ob lity to off.o .r arfi accept swr~ostions. 5. Attitude of continuci growth on the job. Tho follo*l** diM ssicn describes sufgostod stiff members and prOposod quolifi stions for each as usofi in the '0 schedule for obtaining data ior this study. head Tea ch- r Accordinr to the literature, the genera cl do ties of the director may b9 suroe riscd thxrws: (1) shes upsr rvises the profess ion.l st c.ff and all employees; (2) she arranges for in-servicc training of assistants; (3) she is responsible for the ccquisitic n of materials and equipment; (h) she is rss‘o onsible for maintaining accessibility to public and ori- Vcto welfare ago ficios; (5) sh totes every precaution to saints in by Jg on nic school conditions; (63 she is in charge of supervision of luncheon menus; (7) she coordinates and organizes all phases of the school program; and (8) she ..u A ___. 1Tlio fissociotion for ChildFiood “drcntion International, So You Hoot to “:rT ii‘h Young rm) loggg, A Report iTcprred by the Corn ittce on nursery ud'lCBtTOfl Tu'as itgto n, D.C.: The gas sociation for ChildLood Lducation intnrnotionhl, inc, 1953) PD- v x v in. a a I \- L . ; f _. ‘I- r ulc I 1*0' - 1 . , - 1 'I L - ' «I . a U. 'AJ‘" . u 4 4 . . . s . o . O I. a ' ‘ ’ .. _, .1 ‘ .h. 1 l ' ' I \, ‘-' "I r. r 0. . I ' 4 ‘ Y . J a . .. I 'r 7 . .. L . I . A U f ‘ a . I 1‘ '. 5 n .. I .— a 1 . . ‘€ 0|. fa . \v' .a .v J- A {I a L..- n .5 - - . u . _ . ,, . . . ,. -- ,. n -. . - ‘ I ' ‘ . . . .. ~ ‘ . . L . u—«o.~ - ' ' o ,_ \. 7- . , , a a . -- . .. .. rd- \ ' » O " f -—.---r " " " ' L". -.\.‘ 8- ’V L' ‘- ‘T 'J . «I ,‘W . _. ’ I U I “ ‘¢ i O“ |.- , . I . wt‘ r’ :' "' . , "f f I L '* t. “7 ‘~‘ , .r a 4" fl” ‘ ‘l ’ . ~_r Fl“. ..4 ‘ v ,' ' ‘w'rl ..‘x -'J . . - -: .«~ .- 1‘ w '1 .. ’ \‘- 1 l l .9" '1'1" . :. ‘0 y I v 7 ’ ‘ -' ‘ " . I , - .- 7 I'~'- ’ ‘ .. , ‘. __~ -.. .4. H ‘ ‘ - w. {3‘1 - 4 . L . {-0 1" "1" a ‘ .J - 4’ _ , ‘ 1-. l- -. x, .I 2.11 ~- 1 -- V» ‘ L' . .- Fr, ‘3" ‘ . r, _ . .1 I _ .. . w . ‘J .' ' . F a N. . v .\ ‘V .’. ,"$ _ -' ’ “J I provides interpretation of the school procrom to parents and the community. The tori to: har 3:33 (3331 standord~ as the ”arson rcsyonoitle for 330 school nrorram. Qualifier. i333 vcro lis tei for the h:od teacher or director with or witnout a college dQ roe. c “N' '1 T:ur‘ L.“ ”1*‘- V) a“. fifi‘rr‘flk" C'."?{*}: V wvsvr‘ 1 ’Y‘f“? fl~11 ‘v- .‘V'fi‘ o. R ‘ ..A de‘u-O'J-t Lo" '.. J-O\' ~ in! ' 5“ L}: I.“ 1‘“ " «Lhu’lé -r'.‘ v; 0...} J L a—‘J "'nl“ " --y :- {fins (- -‘ -(~‘.;-v‘ bl“. 32—);ulu); Lila-‘5} 3:41.121.) rul‘LL&Q.J I 3 ._;~ _._. _.._ _A * __. “ _~ ‘I-lll I “.‘l *v w- v 0 P1 H- {‘1' "1 U N ' u ‘1 The “933 tencher with a college éogroo: 6 0 1“ a. Shall Tove grodwzsted f our-year college or t " r :31 on f o r institution. ccrodi tad och; rair niLg arm 6 1h 0 b. Sholl have he 6 a aminimum of 30 «a. star hauls in vvJCLOlOWJ, hm Lon growth 81d dovolorchu, early c3il3‘cod Currie lum ano fo.mily life e3ucation. 6 1% G C. Si 011d ‘tovo had rt least two Jorrs teachir 3 exper is once in a.n approvod school. The head teacher witllout a collzgo degree: 1k_ 5 1 8. Shall have had a minimum of t o f.1ll 'oors of college work and is c ormittod to completing a degree within live oars Iron the time she is hirofi as hard t-a 301& r. h 1 be tok'Ig courses in or rly dbood education anti rcloted fields ccredi ed scllools. She shall com- oat lea; at six creoits a year until semester credits ero completed ;.:o C?) no: t-jw .13 n 19 0 WT! r-“O s1 Hun-.- ‘ ‘r s .. . . . ‘ -- r A ‘ , A ._ - . ‘ ' fl . r. v . n " . , V . A 4 . . , . ‘ o‘ p - 0- _ ' t" o - ,, '., -‘ t o f -' . ~. , § . ‘ a: * r ( ~ A v . .~ . A. _ .. ..,- -. .. .. —.o..a. - v ’--t‘o‘ ru-Q<*--'u >- ..-’--.-- I ' ‘ V _ -e ‘ 1 .. ~ . v y 1'.- ..fi—Q‘ .- g‘ . I ‘ n- . . OJ \ .p 7“... Q—vavap' Q— fi—Ffi ~ . V I I ‘ ‘ A -‘ I f-v— n 4. -—-..p.p m ..q.‘ twm I \ u ‘ v r . I aro- .,...va -0- | *» v o 'Mc—‘munl - 5-. I ., ‘ I" N -;\~-v.‘\l 'n 4‘.“ “5-“- . I s .- s a‘ ‘ ‘ v I . ‘\u‘~“ “M-v‘oo . *”.--u--u. - u. c. o. .-qL-wgrm ' z 1 ‘El‘ 5.; 431' *. L ‘19 915 in 11673? EfllD ‘v 1 a“ .a 2‘. I 1‘1 ty'Qv—;J *(L 3‘ ‘3 a Lttle or no ‘ 73:. Y8 g, V ..L in ._ . ‘ rxr-l r-x tuft r1 '4 ”v .~ - . k w ‘u Tovad sahe' E.) '1 1; 515' .3 .. ..» n ';', ‘o‘ ‘~ ‘n rec“ L a I 0 1.’ flirt » 3 . .lod t i C ~. .2‘ VC’ 5. all" an ..A Mun-an. '- VT‘ 7?“! flly twO 1+3 ’v’ 1‘ 141° 57 a nrva r: 1 v‘ -‘ “I -. .. 3'\/. J .l p! u a: C n I: 1.3:.» 2* .‘ ’- a 1 *r\ f t _: 11-". u tifif ‘ Q 1‘ . Q 1r. '- y f“. ‘ .'-..., ..A ‘ 01' y r? C11 C 1': a"! J -‘ 4-. 'Y I.‘ v‘ c ‘A {ram ’6; 1r? 3 a CO' 7‘r5'1 _ 4- 'c99r .1" r) * ‘w a) ‘ -r? 4.; A S I e 'r 'n mfiet, t t A 7".“ J- "v A] 1 n 1: to Q Is ..4 O ."_ S e— o n J—s.‘ I 1'? " Jgf, \) ins tr 'Ch-C‘a 1: 5 of twenty .l :45“ r" 1 0’ LC‘JLS. flip ‘1 q -1 " ‘u a ‘ I“ ‘. in a. ”a? 4 915‘.) 4-“ \— r 1‘ fl .am‘wa CA ¢~ULA a ”.5 -- § H uL-L Qh ‘. -’-A (‘t f‘ .“ \ ”I (A 03” "V QéAJ Irvey c ax "‘1 0""? 0‘ 'w -'.-: Utav'; l. L; 51 1‘ a .I I‘ .' vv ., x-f J .0 -3. 1 t L). \ ed ’3 ;d.'-J .9-.-. , :23 o \ ‘9 ,t -‘ (42.9 .1 4, “if u. U " :11 (-‘iv u- -k. . " « hu- U incl 3 "'_.a\.)“‘ “9."- a. L); I}? § A]. A“) . ll. «'1’-» .Q‘ no fl :«957 Y V1 A- :d co ~. C .I... b a h .3 1 "Afr-J: t -.' "7 '.- .'.'. "3 ..HJ'V‘J, 44'..LLJ 1%“; , ., . d \. NJ 0 ‘ '.d .-; ‘. n! t A. 1 .3 4'“ ...A. II \J \u A.....k... 2 ~--¢‘ ..“ w ”4%“. u .5. .J -;-’-.- '5‘F‘f‘xr?‘ --J—t} ‘a ;.. c; ya; "‘ 1"‘59' '3 :I‘flf‘ A ‘uéLJ‘...’. 0 3:1 '9 Ola“ ' Q ry SOLOQLS '1.“ r-r H. a»: r» \ w .- - r.‘ .J‘ - o . 1“ )‘l r“ f_‘. .4: ",3 " tw~ d- h 14 .4 .,_, 3 . \- 'a-a I ,.. -.€- U iv \ L...,, :0“ '7 ,.. 11 f) c, .L"! H. 121' no, 'of steff’members. "The majority of teachers in those centers (frivstc centers) were inadequately trained and had had meager eXpericncc with young children; three (of the Rh) in this survey were without a high school diploma. Cnly twelve had college degrees. Approximately half of the group had never before worked with children.”1 Conditions similar to those described by Moustakas and Berson were found to exist in some of the schools visited in this study. or the six head teachers or directors uh did not have college degrees two were high school graduates, three had completed less than one year of college, and one had had two full years of college. Cnly one head teacher was taking courses in early childhood education at the time of this study. Since there were no adult~educetion courses in csrly childhood devoIOpment being offered by Louisiana college or university institutions, there was little oppor- tunity for additional training from this source. Assistant Teacher Althoush the assistant teacher works under the super— vision of the head teacher, she should be prepared to carry on any phase of the school routine. Among her responsi- bilities is the directing of rentine activities such as eating, sleeping, etc. She is also concerned with creating stability and self-dependence. Alschulcr suggests that as they super- vise play, "They try to rssie standards of workmanship, 1Clerk E. Houstakes and Minnie 2.3crson, cp.cit., p.160. L ~fi, ' v v- _ \ . D , . . l . . , . , .. . . . ‘ ( . ' I I i 1 v . ' O . 4 ‘ q ‘ , . , '. ‘ . , , - A v ‘ F , 1 _ .' v ‘ . . rm 7 ' 1 ‘ ‘ f5 " - ' y ‘ r ‘ _ 4 ‘. . . , f n a. . ‘ ' I . ' , - o . . ‘ a . '_ a f ‘ v? d. a f , _ ' ”a‘ —-' - ‘ - ‘ _. . v ‘A Q o I ‘ ' . A . ’ ‘ ,. In , ~ I ' . ' ‘ . , .1 1’ - - , ’ , . 4 . . . , . . ‘ - -. ‘ . - 1- . ‘ v u . \ . . . .x . .. . , J ‘ ‘ . .‘ “ . . \ , ‘ I . .x w. , 1.. _ ,-.. .- ... 3 TL- 0. ‘ - . ,_ . \ ‘ , t . ’ 3 -, _,. . I N ‘ ’\ r4 ‘ “" ' h- L ‘ A - fl .0 . ' I ' ' .v " It 'v I . :- A -A 1 *— ,— ., - u - - . , . k. . f "’1' . I‘ ‘ . ~ . l h . ‘ . " t u 5 ‘< (I. _’ A ‘~ 1 O ‘ n - . .- J¢ " . -1'1 ' 0‘ u o oo— - f 4r « '~ - 'c 2 . >. A J - - . . .._ . , . .~ 'v ”r ‘ . '. . z' 5.4 . . , I ' r v - f . ' ._. ‘ . .. A . r _ v? ' _ ., ‘ r. ' .w I . ‘ , -- ' _4\. .. ux ..- - 'l <\ " '\~- I» ~ ' 1 .. , O- ‘ -. v .. ’ - .\ ‘3. ‘ . I u . ' < ,. c '9 ~ 4 - -- \rl 1-“. O O. “D. O> l+5 encourage creative expression and maintain an atmosphere of “1 lappv activity. s 9*, v - 3v - I-x n w =-v ‘c- f ... 1W3: ‘ .1 C 3 ”35.17.11 : CL-f lily-1L 3 h 11‘}; f.“ 1' '5 A...) ‘ 9’: . ""' “ "T. " "T " '7‘ . 7 " “E '1" DJ'.~-LJ ‘ .‘C Li 1 DIJT! IT 4.57.101..th An assistant teacher: 1g a. Shall have had two full years of college work. 2 E b. Shall have had fifteen semester hours in early childhood education curri~ culum ano child develocment. 6 1% Q c. Shoulfl have had one year's teaching experience as an assistant or as a student teacher in an approved school. Of the fourteen assistant teachers who were in- cluded in this stufly, twelve had completed two years of college work. Five irdicated completion of fifteen hours of early childhood curriculum and child develooment. Here again, this ircining was in elementary ecucation. Fur her professional training in most college curricula does not come until after conylotion of the second year of college work. is with directors, there were no assistant teachers who had teaching exhorience in an approved preschool. 13058 filSCh‘dl‘er, OD. Cito’ 330 BC. , . . . - - . . . l n x‘ ‘ _ .— , , , . t . , 1 . u .r u 0 ' V , v ' “ u > I I l . . ‘ I ’ a. " I '- v F I . r l ,. l , > , A r . . , - i - . . W , . , ’ 1‘ ‘_ «b - - — v :H . . - I Q . ' . . - .. ,. . , -.. . ._ ._. i _. o ‘ t _. , . . , - ~00 ' \ o ‘ ‘ J . . ' O .h- - .- w..- 7 w. v 7-- ‘ . Q 4". ‘ . . -,_. ~> o vo~h no .n-a..\" v-<- - t ‘ - I ‘ w ‘. \ t ‘- \ r n J ¢ . > \ - ' Eon—Iv - O .4 ‘ I A U _ c . 5‘! r .~ ‘- .._ o ‘l ‘ ‘ .‘\ y ' , I ' ~ ; -~ A . _ u-.. .. fl.1)-.~-.,‘- ‘ , . - , - - , . ,, .,- . A... ~ . -. ‘v~ l- a... ¢.F. ‘ U - ‘ _ I z‘ . ‘ ‘1 . . ‘ ; ' . . - - -. ~- I of l ‘- _ ‘ 3" (‘ 4" . O .. - . — .. . I ' " .‘ Q ¥ F “ ‘_ ‘ ~ I .V'} i‘ ' ‘. . . ‘ y y . ~ , r - ' h 4 - c- J . . , ; . .. , ;.— O f, k - ' . ‘ . ‘ -v R - I .4 U { vs." - t . t . f I , . f .v. ‘ .. .. '.~ , - , -~ _ .. - A .l v 4 ‘ A ~ ‘- .- . ‘ x n - . , , I ’ ' 0‘ ‘ v \ v v < ‘ 4 u. i . ,, .. .. . .. - o c ‘ ‘ . . V . VP ‘ ' " t‘ , ' ( . .9 ~ . . - .‘ ' r . $ . Q r l r r . k _ u. » -. - ‘- — - . c—w . ~-‘¢p «I.- woo -. |. 0 to the director, since assistant: to tno teacher work under the direction of the head teachers o;d/or assistant tozchers. ' a. Airchisinzg J H gt H "i 3‘ b: h *3 k: ’2‘ L1 9 {1. 5-10 1" H P.) a. I. d“ k; H {.2 ('1' O «"J (7 G H‘ ”I (1' .40 2;, 7 routine activities or in ccrryinr mt soociiic inotructions from those in charge of the school program. Even though less prozossio m.a. know 03 c is cquirrc,c a:mnlot ion '2'! seconflary chool educrtion is oxroctcd. ‘F +94% rw‘s w w??""’ 1' C" * ‘r r c 1 ' v 4 r ".1er “W“ '1» , 1, ‘\ .~ v! ¢ . _ , . . . ... ‘ » e ' «lb ¢wx Lt; Lva“k/LIL I u}; LAJ. «J I A.-. .~.-'~.I~JJ~J ’LL-A‘J .. .n I .. J) - t B "‘n": 1 .4 r" V a '4 ' " ".3 5, "‘Y‘C; "a. 3i. 3;. .L.LJ’~.(. : Lu $4.“: a.“ plug} :_ c.“ ___ ..p- 4-—- :~' w—W ..«s-s-o «us-m V W: * V. Dal-- Grit F0 498 FM 1 S“ c. Sheshall be a occo;mo Hrv so} 1001 ;- 11 .. “ 1h <9_ 6 b. assistants to the too char alas yo work under supprvision. 1h 0 6 c. Asoi.t:utc to tho t~ oachor should to cncozrnctd to take coxmr cs toward becoming qualified t " c w v ' ..w. w a... m Five of th.- sir assistants to tw- socondory so hool "“rivrtcs one was not worked exclusively unficr en'crvisicn. Altgougn assistants to tine to other were onc.ura:cd to take cours 3 toward program of in-oorvicc trailing. thonsioo courses in ‘ . | r . - -‘-| . . . . 0 .' , . ‘ x . ,- 7. ( , ~~ —5 . ‘- : . - ., . .. . .., g‘ . .- I - - - 7 ' . ‘ ,- :xu . A . .. . ‘ a o » -' . . . . , r‘ _ . k ( s l . 2. '.- .s s . » , . F . . . . . - -’ a J. .. .‘ , x - . : —— . . , ‘ v ‘ —. - I- .9 m. vw- 4~--fi—‘1 1-- ’vu u ‘ . . J ‘ , . ‘ . . . . my . , .... . WV .. F-.... . . ..,_.._, _..\....,.... _ . . . - ‘ - ’ N. v _ _ f ‘ . ‘ m l ‘ , ., ‘4‘ our... - ,,..., #:w u -' on - '_'-“ _ Q I ’ ‘v , , ¢ » . , l .. I IV . . ‘ t ' . I . . h..._.---” 0.. N‘O‘I .-.- -- n ‘ ‘ ~ ‘ . j v- . ~ , Ax! \ é — . . . . , A ~ H . . ~ n 3. . ‘ . , » > . ' " \ . ‘ . ' - 2. a ‘. \ , , (71-- .Q-- - t--.“ w. .n lawn-M ' . . , - .) v t " ." ‘ l ‘ A , \ .. > _ '5 ' . - ' r _ A . .‘ ‘ ' . ‘ . , ‘ 4 A ‘4‘ . ‘ ‘ ‘ 4 .- '-¢‘ ' “A, __.- u _ A .., , , . ,_ _ , . , ~—. -< .. J wool-.W-yuucpm M' -\ t! .m— . ~-. u w... m *4; m~0~v .o~‘ ufl-d‘ . ‘ ., ‘. x I ~ . ~ . , . _ ' " . \ a - A n a. A ~ - ~ ~ .n' - —- - -— _ ._ — ‘ ' | ‘ . ‘ u - I. . ‘ - . ‘ .. - - , . , . ' K I) 1+7 early chilahool development and education were not being offered in that locality, thcfllc ore Opportunity for in- scrvice training was imite co. U:on request by a reasonable number of interested peeple, all colleges in the state agreed tlrot such courses could be mode available. finother fcctor to ho echoiocrod is thrt t1.ore U33 little enthusiam for taking courses toward bacon n3 ualified teachers since tr;ro was no certificate is ed for preocn‘ool tesc} era and salaries were very low even for well-trained toacrors. J Parent Assistants A parent who feels nflcqucte and coafECth within himself 13 free to live creatively with his cullu.cz. Participation in the preschool 13 an Opportunity for a parent to strengthen} M3 Halli? .g of aflthacy &Ld con-i3cnce in himself as well as in child. In the tros w} 001 t) lore is an opport m11t5 to at a more objective ricturo of the ch15, clarify one's foelinrs toward his bchcvlor, cad more clearly do fir 9:39: role in n.1rtMIw tn:? 311?. once. * tic im tion Uill ilHJO 1; several types of activities: (11) obser Vin; child"on and tocchcrs; (2)tek1r" records of chlliron's behavior; (3) proprrix; taterlsls for chilflron's use - for xamplc, arranging tho so wz?»ox Ior play, mak mg the hovsokcoping area 1: -vltin;, road; at the setup for snack or root, mixing paints for tho easel, making flnrer pairts an-d doxlgh, sottln_2 out wood, ha. or, and nails; (h) r013 tin2 Giroctly with ch11 :ron; for example . . . .. , . . .. ». .. V . t N gr: - V P . .‘. . l a _: r .. v _. . In. . \ . . |~ , o A 1 . 1‘ l. . .s v a ‘ _. . . r. i . ‘l . u . I \ u .> , . ‘ . 3 , . . y , ( .0... . . . . , v‘. .v u s. x . . 1 ‘ . . _ . . . . Q . I . . . w > . . . A p . . . n IF 2+1; m 361mg stories to a small grouy, sup3rvisiug a play 3rea in the y3c3, Lc3p-r ohilfiren with wraps, helpin: children in the bathroom, taking 3 few hilflren on a w: k, pre~ parin:,.initiatinfi, and carrying out an experienca especially for chilflrqn."‘ 3313:: 7 01%!" - .5 -‘\. «ft ‘1’“!‘V 0‘ ‘1_ 1 ‘ 1-77 ~ .y 1’-'._'."'13.L~.‘ (J? U11\)\.IL .3 CO! A] LYI' 3:13 ., .‘JGJ—lm ML...) :‘9 Y‘ ,‘... ' ‘ 1-| . '1, ‘ -I ‘ ' " o 5‘ F ,T‘.‘" .zl-\l .L..L.!) LLLLL t£.3i-31 L J .i;_; 1 *w“*~r**“‘* A 4: ... w“. .. a...” v ~— ‘-? ———- W3, * 7.....- hvll have spec13.1 mned stries of rior to a.r1d con- Lair period of 15 O 5 a. Iarent assistants 5 or 3rt3tion in a 33.3 meetings beginning p tinuing thronghout t} service. 15 O -5 b. They Srlill hCVQ SZIOCif 10 :LliflCuCG and inLerpretntion i‘ron tla teache while working wi Lh children or in in: ormal co nierez;ces alterwcrds. Only five schoolfi in the survey fiade use of parent assistants. Their contributions included such activit‘3 as cuafiffeuriLg for srcciel trips 3n3 333-5 Lrg with events such as picnics, parties, etc. Two schools visited had parents who were trained in music and W3re called upon to direct the music periofls. In 311 03333 prrent 33351 atmzn C; were given s..3 c131 Grin: mt tion 333 3313 me e from he teacher A hw~—".'U\CW-.~--'I~-h _ ___ fl. 1fielen Y.C‘r1‘ti.““3r Far‘ K. 30933 A. 1JU31’11‘1 £10; Lug-33 ' 331 001 19:; 1-111“? 2 ' ) n'. r1 H a. uyel ‘2 33:0 1; 3 H:J:)t:)¢£: 110::I‘ ;1; “”1:ch It.“ ‘Ifl ii: ‘10., 19‘J1) . .\ ' ‘ ‘ r I ‘ . - . ' O ' u | ~ ~ .1 ,, . . P . . - , _ ‘ a r . ’ o , 9 ~ . . .- _ o . - . . .- . . . - .. -. .. .A Ip- -- , vv F-O’ *- V. _ ¢ p - . 'p . .. . _. .- .- . . . 1 * Av ‘7 , .- W‘ ‘V C- \~ g - V .. 'v-o - - —. a . w... h. —. .. -.. .-. - t ..-- -.‘.-.-~ .- u , ‘ ., o “—m. . . H -‘ m "' - ‘, 4 x. . —_ - c ' . . . .-‘- ‘ ‘f (4 - - r '- ~. ¢ I . - ~ ~ ' _ - ., ..- . . .‘ l i . A‘ _ .. o 1 . . .’ . s . . . ‘ 7- “ " .'~ ': Q . - ~ 0 .. ~ - , . . . ,. ' I v, X. ‘ 1 i - . . , ‘ .- . _‘ '.. . J _ .1 . . ‘ .‘ '. " . y 1 . ‘ _ . .... y ,.. v ..- qu—u. 5..-- q 'n ‘A, -. . k I . .- . v . - ~ , - a. - . \ . . V . . . 'while we iJDj""tu child r31 (—11: .. .0 ‘4 .‘ , . _ ___’ ‘9 ‘ . . 1 ~ .: .J“ 133 34rv1333 01 volunteers Cpg n9 3 valucula cuxtri- 4- I . ,— ,1... 'j .... ' .. ',-. .1...» .. ,.. A. . bution to 130 333331 “0 u. 13P£3t3 r UtJCT 131 rested +J. ! . .J r“ \ 1) H ! ) J} («V . ' l .' .. . .. . ' . .. 1.- 1. indiVLidnlfl 331 “FVG spscial tr: xi 3 cr assist in 33313 333 art activities. In some inst3r. } —. ’2‘ i U) '1 ' V I" . ‘fi‘ 4. “ A A ‘0 . + parents 333 are r3313tercd nurses 33y 0:3L333t health inspect 333. ma ) T' (3‘ 4.49514.) 0 ' ivy—"n r‘ 1‘ CL‘ rif‘z‘T 1:1'1175‘: 1'11? ”Mfr-‘35?“ “"" an'-4.’udi k1‘1‘V‘3j111, bk- C .n j 1' 5.;'~, J‘T'- b}; .1.) " ~" “ ~ ' ‘ "1"" '11.?" ‘ if“? w-u- i1 '4'?" :JJ. .1‘ 4.) §A|A.’.-: X i‘xJn. L A. .‘J'. ..J L) V. w W -.p- 14 { J J} 1‘. 1 93.1.1. 2:9... Voluntegrs in th3 preschools shall always work with a qualified teacher who knows the children. Lo lo L. {as 2 0 11 b. They shall be selected on the b13.3 13 of H3 ural 31tu_tudcs 33 wrll £3 rri;“1ing. t 3 1 10 c. They Shel 11 have 30:313rly schcfluled hours for participation. bleven of tLe twenty 3333013 in the survey inilcatwfi the use of volunteera in their programs. In each instance volunteers in the preschools worked with a qua lified 33 r333. Thought w3s given to the matter of selection on the basis of training and natural aptitude in evch instance. One of the eleven volunteers was noted as not havingr regdlcr y scheduled hours fer participation. Un Enacted 3333 arances § . . . -. . - . , . I ' n 4 ~ . 1 1 . A . - t 4 a ' ’ I . . ' .l I. ~ ~‘ . ‘ .a l u ’ ' - ‘ ' ,.. - . q r .. . ‘ - 1. ‘ A . ‘ . t . ‘ , , —‘ ‘ r. a‘ h . '7 * ' ' - ' ‘ A r. \ v ‘1 ~ n -. ‘ . , .. ., t .- I ‘- t .__ w . .. . . ‘- - . .. —. o 7‘ -. .-.---u-..- - . .... 1a.. ... ., 4 — _ , . , . --.. , . - .4. .- n...- .- . - “—... ‘. . . ,. - - ' J . . ‘ ' § . ' z k' . . 1. .. 9» < -- - c. u - ‘n " ' w a ' i . . g . . ‘ -.... . - an o. g. - ~- .. .~-—.‘. . . yr. -~ . _ . ‘ . ' l5 ‘v v ' I .. _. ‘ - 9 ,~ I. as , ' l , . 0- - -‘-Ov- - .— n“ .m-. \ 4 . _. . . r r,» ‘ . V ‘ y g A ~-' - ..o .. -, -‘--v< . .-.“ .-hu. ‘ , A . V_, , .. ...7, - . .,,,, ._. --7 5“‘.-»§—.~,——‘>uO‘~-.~"-o-~.-. . I _ .’ - >‘ t' a : - ,~ ‘ } . . . .; , _ . . . . ‘ AA J ‘ ' . - n , ,- A ‘ , . _ I . '. \u . ‘ , . ‘ 1.. . I - ‘5 - , . , _ . r . .4 v ,. s ‘1 ‘ -‘ - . J . . I“ . - , . ‘ ' _. L 0’ . ‘ . . . u - o“ n . . , . , ' -, _ -, .. o . , . - . ~ . , . - h -J . v .- . .- Y W0 often create confusion in scheduled activities both for stfiff Fni crildren. In schools whore the noon meal is served, a cook is a necessary member of the staff. If tLe sorvices of a nutritionist are not avcilrble, the coo: Ltust be sufficiently eX\3r133oe1 so tact sue 081$ assume full 105 ohsiliiiLy for order ng supplies and preparing food. food must be pre- parei si ply :33 econ3mically in wa ya that are 3;poali.g and nutritious for young children. I fi 7 9'9 r-..B.u..a 9 W71.“ (x‘ nfifr~flyp fi,‘-§:;‘T\)?‘I'C v {‘1 g1~\‘ (”‘1‘ 1.1};4-.‘ k“ L...)\th a a'.’_ ‘sJ\~J'..o ‘- 40...] I XI’I‘C“ luv-L .11 ‘0' hL‘AL (Ml L‘V' ‘ v"" 1. '. ""9" F! L).L' sd‘AJA‘ .LL&J 3‘ .‘KILI. U‘\.l{-1..J {u ggit ?3 Yes 12 1 3 9. Co:::3 slould plan trl *”e“"”° f0 Cd under the supervision of the director. They shrll coply principles of food preparation for young children 16 O E_ b. They shall be res“ .ngible for servirg the me; 3‘, for washing; disIes, and for TCCA'Tj-h: this ‘ritchpn c1931}, spnltgry and orderly. ——v V ‘- Four schools in this survey served tLe noon meal. In three schools, cooks worked under the supervision of the director. Cooks from each of the four schools were reSpon- sible for meal preparat on and s rvice as well as for routine caro of th Ezitchon facilities. he kn»- “ h . ' u i 4 -. ‘ . . H . . . , . A I . . x . V I. I . I ' ‘ A . - x N i. I. _ . . .. ,. . . _ 11¢» -. . < . . q ; -' l u ‘. 1 . . - —. I . . .1 , . . ’ 1;. ’ . l ‘ - ., 7 - 4. ‘ ' w A . - N0 ‘ I y I ' x “ y L . n n u c‘ - . o \ ’ 'O ‘ ' ' I ' v , J ‘ \ vv ‘ s. _ ~ ~‘ . ‘ : ' ' s ‘ - V , A ‘ - ~ J - a s :- ~' . I I . . _ u' . .. _ J _._ ‘ _ .- ;o I. k . ‘ ‘ l . . - _ . ‘ <~¢> .- ‘Y " v -" . - . .- . . ~.-,. - . -- -.D V.- . l I “ '.‘. . ‘ ‘ 4 ‘ " a . , . g v,-.~ ”Q— ~-. *u- ‘ u. (‘- 2 h A I '§ ' - ‘ . .. IL 7 _ .. .n—n “ - ’ wow-m“. | . - . ' s . o ‘ ‘ 1 . « ‘3 ‘P' . fl ' - a m— I-‘ o ooh-0 u‘c.‘ DA. ‘- ‘ «‘ x . .. . . . v «o. . $~u-o“~4mvo-‘-bw-'Qrm .,_ , ? . ‘ -- v .. l J .. ‘ .1 ' I ‘- .- .- . - .- ‘ .rs r .' w . A I. - 'a -r- 41-1? I .2 J» , m“ . - . t. * A. ' h-n . V . -‘_. \4 4 , \ O 7' ' , , — 1 . . ‘ . . ,J ,. A .. _. Md \ ‘ 1 .. - ‘ , .v . M_ \ j ‘ ~. , L TJJJLLJ 10 THE: Jufl.L. ’7CICCif3 CCDHKLYIII}‘51£E1Ffi"}},KJTJD C'£,:‘.l712,=‘,2._," ELLi J'°.I'.th, ‘ Q7111: 1'0 3'03 ' j: 72 _ 13 3. C3r3 sh3ll be trhen to select 3 person was is appreciat 33 of chilér3n's needs. Five schools 1:1r3d no one specifically to perform janitorial services. in thirteen of the fifteen schools where janitors were employefl, they wsre 3313ct3d with con- siderstion b3 1; given to 3ppr3c13tion of c1 wilflr3n's needs. Some directors indicated that they did not r33 rd this as an important factor to consider since the janitor 3335 not necessarily come 1? to direct contpct with 33 Clijdtho However, in his study this W33 incluficd as 33 important consiécration since tze j3nitor, 111:3 otkler st3ff3 mmbcrs, through his attituée of undvrst3Lding 3nd cocnerrticn, contributes tow3rd cr33ting a 3sir3313 3 moszhere for young children. :3 r1. , . - . 3 v . .- - . V ‘ / o g I L I ¢ I b I . I t ., ‘ , , , 1 .. ’ ' ' In; ‘.’ 7‘ av-r “"1 .n : .‘vf’, v34; 3 D ‘ v - D g- l . 4 n -. . . - Ill- I." ~on—n- 7.3 --. ‘ I. - K f \ ,3 1 '5 n- n.- .‘o-r :- v "5-..- I' ‘5 OK ' O . v . 3 . . . _ Q ~ '~- ~ o 9.-.... . . . .._, .7 ,, . .‘ I- I‘ I , . c . - ‘ v- v ...._. .._~.. ..rh no. - --0 4w .. *0..." ~ .. ..-‘ .~~.— ‘ ‘flwym ‘ ; ‘ . h .‘ ‘ J 1 . u ,1 i . v,‘ 0 o , f ‘ 4‘ - ' r . - 4 g 9 1' ‘ ' I ' 2‘ - ‘ I“ ‘ ; - ‘ ' ‘ N A r ‘ ' - - <0. . ' ‘ V H . ‘ . . Q - I . V it x. ' ‘ ‘ - . I I . ' us 1. ’ l. ' i V V I . t! . ._ A ’\ . ‘ . ‘ ‘i‘ T . I ' ¢ . I .- """'”' Wu.- . ...L‘ V, . n t . t ‘ . .‘ ' D i v n .v\ ; ' (\ . . .. . . fa ‘ . ‘ ~ I‘ -1 c. U _ ‘ ‘ ‘ A ' . - . ._ . ’ ‘ l I ‘ ‘ ‘ . l A .- , ' p , . . . . ,1 ~ A . . ~ - ‘ ’ I n ’ O u . . L . . ”5 Viw"~m’.' ‘1“ ‘ \‘-4Q- ‘ ,, \b“ 1 o ‘f‘ ‘A‘ Q ' .. I n v I- _<' A 1 a ‘W - .- I r ’ iI— .y-u ~-.y ~‘I. -. ‘5. g. g .- t'O—u ‘0’ i .Rg‘u . h r > q n ‘m’- \~“-o_ ‘ V. r‘ ‘ - : ‘ _ , i u . V .~ A .' - s. . i . . , ‘ . I ‘ I ‘ I . l “ - . . A . "v ’ ‘- ‘ - ‘ y " . M l I 5 ‘ . o. < I - . ‘ ‘. . J. .. h , ‘ - ‘_ ‘_ ‘ ‘ . ’ ' ' a v ‘ '1 C v A ' I .. I I ~ ‘ - A . ' r . . I | ‘ , . v - - .. . - . .., - I _ , - J . J. H ‘I A . .- . I I ‘ > _ . ‘ ‘ f" ’1 . . r‘ . s, . - - T}! a». N .t ‘ O ‘ > ‘ I u v C A O . , . “ _ _. -- they did not regerfi the services but tlv parents who to rdec t he evaluating one C schools we to rofisrd such facilities as lity of a preschool program. nurse for the bone Of 8 nurse es a necessity, fit of n snide in Any member of the Stsii who Yeas prooerly treinei, they ielt, could effectively ediinis tor too he alth program. Directors from four schools felt that having a nurse available was a necessity. It wns interesting to note that four schools had excerienced no occasion for using the services of a physician, not even for consulte tion. In most instances the name of tne ohysic ien of tee individxsl child, as noted on the entrance dots form, war; kept on record and the physician was called noon when needefi. Only three schools had made use of the services of a social worker. In seven insttzm cos directors bed called upon psy- chologists for consultation. Frequently mentioned was the protlem of pr rrsnts not r-Hco .ing the fact that clilcrrm were in need of psychological c re. schools which served noon meals are utilize a nutritionist' 3 services. health olicies of Staff Every possible precaution must be tsecn to insure the health of children enrolled in the preschool in order to guard age net eoifiemics of contegio us and infectious - . U. ~,- . - » . r ., H 3. Dr ' ‘3 c w :- '- . ' L - t a. 5 -. -\ .. v 57 diseases. lo take for granted prscsvtionnry health ms sures may be to jeopardize the health of staff rnd children. TLBLB 12 ”fl '3 <‘“T"""-"{‘ "ON-"'71) ‘I 3.’ 'r1;' ‘T‘f" ..-- 06‘1”: ”wires 19:. 11.1.)..113 ( L? u..£bdj"~lbiJ1-‘ K;\.'::...1..Ll\.1' 041111 . .J‘ .J'JJ.-A§-;) ...)1. L. ..j .LJ~) ll 'c '4: CF hniLIh .LLloILB ELR jinflb 1— n".“-¢*-wm--m-pW-~uo e:- 7' w "-—"_ __‘ 4—- Czit lo X65 0 1h 6 Each ciult person confected with a pre- schools .all present to the center on cnnusl vri.tten "t..crext from a qualified physici on certifying 1.13 pnysicrl health, attcs to tl;e abs rice oi contagious or -fccti*us desccscs, including tuber- culosis, typhoid, dysentery, all forms of venereal diseases and active malaria. The certificate shsll also show that the person res been vsccinrted for small pox and“ F0110. I v- Six schools included this .Ue oral statement as a required policy. Those who did not have a sicilar Is- I. quirement stated that their stafi renters wore "‘nown to :1 be healthy, or that it was simply‘um retood that staff members would have an c.nual ph'siccl examination even though a statement attesting to such was not required. To summarize the findings from the study of "Staff" it appears that tho mos t serious weakness is found to be in the mattercw‘professioncl preparation of major staff members. Review of literature inflicctcs that this is a general problem, not limited to the state of Louisiana. Karen Eilstrom, in her study of state space and A staff requirements tor nursery moiools found that requirements r ' ' - * r w .‘ 1 o - - A. - ' N. u é _ . . . .7 . . . - - < - . < . . — a .- .. 0” ---¢‘-'- . - - . . . . .- - , -. _ . _ .. - .. .- - ......._-.... OI ' _ A L It i - . O. Y O I a . n.-. .. A . -~. ’u ..n -.g . . n I H 7 . ' ' .' " , . , . ‘ . . ~ . ‘ ' I I 1‘ n - | .. 7y ' . l I v . . P. ‘ . a . e . .’ , ., ‘ . . ) . u I . . v . I, .' i . ; 1 ~- . , I , ,. . . _ ' . . * '- .. A . - - — .- .- . - ‘ . .7- . 4v - , 4 .- . ~9-—~--’-- - - ..l o.- . ‘ . . .3..- o-v up» , -~0‘f.al .-H umo~mmuun.um~ _ f , . . . _ c. - . _ . . ‘. . ... I, . I . ’ ‘ . _ . . f. 1 ' ’ . - , . '- '- P . ‘ - -¢ , x 1 .’ . '11 . , ‘ . t. y o . ' .' ' ' f 'n . V ‘ ' - 4 . - -~ - 4 ! ‘ .-. " . . , ' x . ' I‘ -- , . . . \ . . - ._ . . . ._ 1 A ~ . - s. . . - ..A. r» . i v o .. n. ' , . .‘ .~ I... . , ‘ . ~- ~ ~ . - a (- . , ‘ . ‘.‘ c 1' J 1‘ v " ..‘ ‘l I . i " l I r 7- I ‘ r .- ' . ‘ \ v 0 I . . ~ - ~ 4 .- a 1 .. .i v v. - _ - . . A 1 ,. 1 n ‘ .. _ _ L . ‘ ,4. , £- ’ _ , .. . _ K . _ .. J . .. y _. . . , . . . v f. ! , _ . t 4 . 'v ’ _ O ‘ . , A‘ ~ 9 ‘ - ' o a ‘ . . ~ .a k. , > .. _r‘ ‘ v _ .‘ I , - ‘ f. :x _ ‘ , , , , ‘ .. - . ‘ _ o I ‘ . ._ ,.' r 0 0 ' ¢< . _ ~ .I ‘ _ - r. - . ¢ . .- - > ‘ - . -- . . Q . .,. '- 0 l ' - . ‘ .. ‘ ‘ v ‘ ~ . ' “I ' a "\ 'o' 7" “ o - - a; - - - .; - L _. _ . a. !_ . . . . § —‘ .~_ . P‘ 1 ’ . ‘ | . ‘ ‘ i '- , A 5 . . ' _ ' ’ . I . . l. «1 v “ ‘ ‘ ' ‘V V | ' .. .t N ~_ ‘ . . I , .‘ _ . . ,- ISgordin: staff qualifications were very diversified. -In her study which included a survey of forty-eight states in which forty responded, she found the following state staff 1 re c171 iremont 3: 1. Health Certificate required yearly 18 Certificate recommended 0 Certificate not mentioned 11 2. Education of Director Graduate work or experience beyond B.A. degree 3 Bachelor Degree 9 Ho degree requirements, or same recuirements as for teachers 17 3. Education of other Staff bachelor cearee Basic knowledge or orpcriencc None, or hirh school diplom. «but :~*$' 1+. Persozml ity Srecific requirements 1 decomnendctions tone mentioned O‘ViCD flies Hilstron concludes tLat the overall picture of steff requirements is e discouraging one. It is her Opinion that much of the'prcblem is due to inedequete supply of qualified teachers and also to leek of financial support for nursery education. 1Keren Lilstrom, on. cit. pp. 1M1 - 1th. In this study, undertaken 1T5? - 960, forty of the forty- eight states coOperoted in the study; eleven states had no requireuents, leaving 29 states from which to drxw conclusions. 44..-...- u 0‘ ‘ .._., \ . I I '— " "I L I ‘ fl J. "" . ’ I ,1- 1- - b | . .r ' . , u ¢ 1 . _ ~ 1' a \ ‘I v e “ n 7 . . . t ' ' I ‘ ' ‘ \u I t o v r p . x . ‘ ) u 1 e w l t. J 3‘. " . -4- . \' . £ ' '. ' - -' i — v .‘ . .‘ ”~‘P IQ&—~<‘¢ '. _ s‘ « l a ..,a v . , . i . . .A . ‘ I Eprlth Policicgiend irocgdgros "rho reel worth and quality of the health program will defend are; the vital interest, understanding and co0peretion of the teeclimg staff. Jules, reguleticne and even plysicel examinations will be valuable i; so for as they ere intelligently used by the staff in connection with each child's total home and school pregrcm. Evcilable services will differ from one locality to CLOthGT. City, countjr, or othc public health departments, infc;t wolfere organizations, pediatric groups and occasionally, private health agencies or irdividuals nay be called upon for help in providing adequate health services."1 1,. ‘ A nose Alecnuler, Op. cit., p. ck. .i , . . ‘- V .. . . . . ‘ v~ 7 , _ . l l . ( . - . ~ . - b ‘ ..~. ' 5 ~ . . u n- . ~ C 'x . - . . , «l l C i ' I ~ , . 1 . v . ,- _, A . J - w— 9 «I- - ..cn. o”. -. - -.x~ ‘- I .3 - \ ‘\ I y . v .u a .., ‘- a 4-- C . , . . \ c " r .1. .-9- , v . .vio. . M.“.‘-'- . 60 I 1“. E3 ~13 3 ’7‘, ‘1 - ,1 u("-|V .v r. w- - tr~~‘-Q wm'r I‘!’"""""1"I“ . ’i‘i-0' '.~4 J‘u LM 1- A. Iva; 'J—l \Js -.' .44 _ J 4.1. A -‘l I -~.).L-..v-_J -.J.a.j.. AJv- £41..) “ ' I, '9 ’. T 1‘ ~.- . I...) . ,‘ “, , 4., L 37 J ..oJ-l LII 1 (c 1 all“: .‘ f. r . \ULHJT sh. H g... HH“-—l- “—‘w o‘wn uww-‘aw-fl- a. “Hi-‘5“ Fmvb'wfivi--m‘w o v— — v W— W Inc-‘00 _‘ (“r-:11: m D _. ”CO “I...” .5... “flu.” ‘Woc ‘ ’v mm .15.. 10 18 '50 3.1: O b. C. d. (D o f. r 5,- — w ‘1 “—7 ‘—-—‘-— iWM-Q- Upon enrollment each cLild must present a doctor '3 certificate attesting to immunizsticn ageinst small pox, diohtheric, polio, tetrnus ens wlioo in~ cough and to the absence oftiher irfecticns. file school small provU e a form noon which the physician Shfil submit a record of the child's health history, immunization data, and the findings of the lost medical examination. Upon daily srrival each child shall be exa lined by 3. H39 or 0 her queli;isd person {or symptoms of conron c013, other apparent infections, and symotocs of coamunicrblc oisesses id ll Eieslth. 8 Any child showing sirna of illness non arrival or while in attendance shall he prosptly isolstod and kept apart from the group until he can be :2 ,ious flisoo.e tile c“. ild shcll be exclndoc From the pr reschool for ' r ininq oozticn of the incu- bation ntrir ml (oozed sovisrble by the locel leelth authorities A child having a physical or mental handicap which re "ires special care or continued close sn1crvisicn shall Le enrolled only with the approvsl of he ""x-"CLCZI. I] and tILC hE’Ed tGF ECLCI'. A firs: aid kit shcll be rrovided r113 "opt comnletolv stocxcd and t.iere s all be a p5 rson 011th? staff qualified to give i‘irst sid. ol - . A‘l 1‘ —‘h. 3 '- . ... - .n‘. Q - ..n- _-~ - 7. .- -.- I . l 1 s ' 1 on- _ -M f u a.-- ..-__~¢ .5 1 -,i_—..- l 1 z ..n >- pi WWWH" «g ~..- -‘-~ ‘v~‘ . .- . . a..- v. 4 97-5 39“- 61 33.1214: 13 — T"“t*"“""! - 5 m.” -u-— —--~ ‘- V 7* v— 9- vv—v () Io__r Yes ave a res t nporic G. on cots; C. at least hSm utcs alter the noon meal. 1. Provisions for serving food to the Cull‘bl‘f ‘L10 0 3 (1) A tot it ncii shall be 3~rvod if E19 rro rzm runs thro“r‘: the noon mcsl. ..n ecocnote lunch shall ir cl €;e at least: 3 a. one-h 31? pint of plain 1 s , 1._ P, viola oi“: as o savor...§:e. ib. 3 c. one-lalf cup 0 Vegeta- bles or fruit. 1 6. one portion of bresd. 3 6. one tosspoon f butter or morgsrine. I” 1%" (2} In o ddition to the coin cools, a "ii-'ornina and o mid-afternoon snr ck oi jciCe or milk shall be .14. “OVixtm -. 0 ~3¢ (3) If ,hc noon merl is Trovided it slel be served in surronndinzs condi c.ivo to 7603 e:.tins ls‘its, away: on distractir: activities 0 20 (h) Facilities for serving (t.c bios, chairs, utensils) shall be child Sire. .-. , o 1 ~ov ’7 n vu- .--_ - .. .........~ ~- .4 | -9 ' b n , . 4. ' '- - ‘ oo-‘ V" I. ‘ 1 A4- - ..1 A ‘. ..fl .7. . .m—Q—m 9”“. I‘) . Q I .9‘ -..- r. n” -| .331 n. O» l— _,~‘h. 14,. . A :- a-o fr. "‘1 me p liCltS LLJ preacL1rcs rs L.LaLcui Lcrc are basic t3 meat schmol programs in any state. Althaugu name is difiicult to c:>: p33 witL, ticrc were S?BCT£1 instances in which reccmacnlaticns ware Let act. ccoycrction of both staff and parths is n:€da* in crficr to iuplcmcnt t‘..eac precauticr ary measu.rcs lhron—fo mtls of the scgvcls re,niw ed cE1dereL to have been itn zed against c01aon lLfL ctiou 361393399. 0 LL 6‘" 0 Directors stated that parents occasic 1% 11y obj act; having thair chilflreu Enncculatcf ar“ir t some diseases because doctors afiviscd that if given t, ’) 0 a) '12 ’1‘ +4 ‘2: U H 0 t tcctian expircd bcfcre c il1rcn‘w3uld have rcachc d the less critical age for cvvtrrcti~~ cert .n illrcs SO 3. Howevcr, the amc rcas»Ls for rcqu Lritg tlcsc inacculations Upon entrancc into public schcnls exist in tka tree chool situation. If later rcwvnccir .n.-ti Ls sr v11 been is neces~ ary, they could be administerefi withut ill Offects to the hild ”=3 5 :1. 'H y: {'7’ :v m on o 1’ H r“ I") C) H (1" :J. gr {'1 {4+ 0 H k: 0 *1 i‘ H a. H 11; we rt~nt contributicn to tie cvcrall understnuéing of the 0d 5 H d H (I) H' d 0 £1; ’2. H 1‘ child and his needs. La.f of th; s secure the c11 ild's 1:0 Ultx histcry. In thirtc can of 'L9 schccls, thre was 10 daily health inspecticn when children arrived at schol. TLe fl general feeliL" among directors 0; «.3 these schools which had no health insyocticn was t? at little coxld 15 dc;ermined by this routine. Din they not feel tLat discovery if a throat infection or an infection? rrsh might prevent Spread of contagious dis ?-SQ€? Although tLch was no irstsncc cf spccial facilities for 13313 ion, 91; tven schools Ltntafi tbs: sorsrrticL o chiljrcn taken ill while at scloo wLL practicci. It was found that the childrck were often placci in unoccvpied roo ms witELC ut cots, witkuvt itcws o? iLtcrcst for tho child's activity, and £130 wit? out supervision. In the event of known L2y03urc to disc ac, scvcral variatioLs of practice were oLservcd. The policy of acre schools was to notify all parent? when :rny chilc enrolled :31 been QXLoscd to L contagious disease and parents' wishes dcternin Ed action to be tz.;cn. for exnavlc, if parents did not r3bjcct to ncvqi c.pc sale 01 their children, then the child ULo 19d been cxjcsed was not ex eluded from t} e "“0““ In ctLLr instances it was agreed thrt crildre on would not h: crclnlcc from th prcup after :1) 1“) .1 a .7) a) r... (“h ..A ~§ a exwosure to a dis 1‘“ felt that critrcct17" wr- svch "chilchcfl" fliscficca wcs not iczrrflous at th preschool ”‘5 ago. Still ct Lcr.q relicf upon ;LL advice of tLe local '- pcdiatrician in cxestionsblo Cfgcg. Of the eightccn sch oolc who w uld accept "soocial" hildrca, only one La actually done so, this being a ‘I heart patient. Khan tflcr? is L0 physiCLl risk to the child Lvolvci, there are advantages for tLL Landicsnped as well as for the normal children when both are together in a 6% preschocl situation. Each comes t0 accect the cther's abilit es and 1 Mt tians, tlzus learninr at an early age to accept th1se frcts cf life. The imncrt nee of r'ictcinu first aid equizment was rccc1gnizcd by all schools in cle snrvcy. C? the three schosls prcvifling the noon mccl, only one proviacd for a rest {c M1 6 followin, the meal. In another instance children wcnt Lcrc 3ft: r lune} Leach satisfactory was the situation in which cLilircn returned to t;.cir "classroom" desks for any er how: of 1:5 tructiOL. Jhillren of preschool RFQ require rest aftc periods of busy activity niet pcrlols of relaxpticn and 5160? (a H b I O ’ J O H r (J E H- t? 1.; “ ) O ‘1 .0 Should be pravidefi. In two of the three schools whcre lunch was carved dlrcctors were resyonsible for planning menus. The remain- ing school was a kinflcrggrtcn inc 1dnd as part of a chm ch- spcusorcd rrzéc schaol in whicfi all children ate the noon meal in the school cafeteria. slthou1*,h nutrition1lly com- plete menus xere no l as being served, stprchy foods were All but cne schsol served a mid-morning snack. The attitnflc of tha director wrs thrt since the procednre was nct prncticcd in puLlic schccls, prcschcol children shcul 1 no t as "swollcd Ly such DETDCTififiuo All schools in the survey provided well for child- sized servicg frailitics. r_ ‘ .l .- f.’ ' .1 r + ' 1_,_, N . .I .' “ ; g 3' ADSGflCS} 0.; I'PCUI‘JS Ch. L-C1:;lLL 11 31.01”}; 0.1. 0.1111303; I 1v14 1....4 1 . 1 \ . NP ‘ n 1 s . _ .4 . . . I; . . A I. . 4 .1 lack of daily he.“ 1th 133330 ticn, eb3cn cc of concrete pr0~ liti3s for isolatimn in case of illness at school indicated areas of h_3lth wrocefiure which were lenat adequate. Provisions fer first aid ecuipa cnt 311d facilities for 33rvir; food wcre well met. [1 $.41 Y" J) ,1- ‘53 F3 . ‘qu‘ J 4“ Q hu- ,- t ..L.‘ ..Av ' st bJ'-;_“_‘:o. \‘sL 1 an t Conditicns under vhich c. {lira were g3t11ercd V“ried wlflely. Lost private Eon-chgrch supported preschools wcrc located in converted garnjcs cr rem. 313d r3013 of the owner's Lousc. Church-33cuscrcd grou;s were most often housed in b1zildlajs or r0333 cszcc 1311 ‘5csigncd to acct children's needs. The latter arrsnfcmcnt 333 likely to be more aéequate sirce 730131 censificrstion Lad htcn gi=1'3; i to planr1ng for all activities 0: {no prescncol p cgram. scccptcd unless it is 3333 fer t¥3 haEitzticr c1 very "1 71C? ‘) chiLircn”1 13 airh331333 b” ilscluler. 1101131113 to Le c3113 lite-r1311 '1133331'31731" 1:111:33 are (2:111:11 W 7 q ”‘1“ .1039 3-1.5 01.11.:‘L'I‘, 0'3. Cite, 1'. U'JO .- . - w. ~n-1 ., ' - P . s 7 .. A r o n" . s . ,- ,0 4, . . » ~ ‘ x l _ . v .‘uo a. Q-.. 1 ”131911"? .1 3 "mu—d 1L433441 Lj‘.i.z8 11;; (fi'1.3.313'3 ll}; UT'J} ’flru ‘ TT-E W'?7 3 ,‘,\‘~ j f:' r T", ‘3 , 9 ,~' 3'31'FI 1' L'LA‘ ILLII'j-.;W." (.2. 1 15L. 1.4". Cl C'it 13 £38 —- W“ I.‘ ‘ 0-. 8.. dCl.erc.‘,l “3 - w 3 o3 O “_2 13 (1) 1L0 n @uChOOl unit sLull L3 ;ccrted on t. 10 first floor, 31c-.1-b y vith snuth ani ec3t 6.:2- JSUI‘GS. a hat is as? air. 1 1g» (3) The r0033 shall be well venti- lstflfi, dry, of ‘:rfartabl. teaperature pleasaLt, sunny and cLocrful 20 O O (k) If 3 hsenwant is n33d for brief playneriods1 it Ellst 3- _ 1 _ . . C.) vie-.T'M pl"; fi—‘hI’C‘O \f‘lf d EMMVJ‘N ‘3 Sillic icxzt xx marsl li.nt. 31-3-43 as In. 11y ll V1.11; cu artezs not he ihuluflhl tn :-3 ‘rfe cia ll} upprOVGd. F) C) O O C," C 3". ' O Q --J U) C C. inXitS O 41" -.A L]\ A —b v or} 3 o unobstructed exits shell 13 yroviied frag {ll flaurs an: b33enent 3r33s used by 3.113.221.13-11. Ilacrso exit-3 81.:"11 be ersily accessible to the ...,. . ,1 «L. -..~ ,..3 .-...'_ 1‘1.)‘~...S 31;»; L3 91-“ {.).-.B—-Ul “.0118. ”I 'Q' 3 I“ 'f ‘1 '_ . x:- L—it 3131's 31.33.]. 0,011. A“ '1‘ I l . ‘ .‘“ 1‘ 1‘“ .1“ ‘. . ,.‘ . _ _. a . w . “‘9‘ ”It-go. .48; U'. T """Lls F'J‘l“: J 33"”;‘4'1‘c3 8 “{~11 l‘if‘ Vb. e'3s 1' L] ... ‘ ‘1 “an clernca snr1.ces. - a..- .- -- p 1.1.3.- -_- 67 TLBLS 1N - Continued Omit To Yea Q 0 20 9. Fireplaces, hot radiators, electrical outlets, and hazardous windows in rooms used by chiltren shell be ede- quetcly protected by screens and guards. 18 1 1 f. Stairs shall be easy to climb and safe for children's use with a bend- rail tLot children can ecsily reach. 0 0 20 g. A temperature of 63 - 70° shall be maintained throuehout the day at a point 2 or 3 feet from the floor when the outdoor temperature is below 330. 0 0 20 h. The water shall be from a water system which ins been approved by the board of health. 0 O 20 1. Individual drinking utensils or a fountain shall be provided. recommendations for housing core not met by each of the twenty schools: two schools had upstairs classroous, one of which had not adapted handrails to the use of small children; one school had inadequate play space adjoining the building; one school was found to have inadequate lighting and ventilation. The major fault observed in this area was the number of exits provided. Four schools had only one exit rather than the recommended two. fill remaining points under consideration in this area of housing (Table 13, c.(2) - 1, except for f.) were met by all schools in the . ‘ l - ‘ V ‘ ,. v. 0 . '\ q 7 . . - ; ~. t V e (- . . ..t 1 _ . 7 "9 L » ~ 4 . ‘ r . , I . . _ . ‘, . O ' ‘ . _ . A . . . *‘(k .. 1...- -... I- ‘ " K o | . . . o . ‘ ~ ., . . \. ‘ Q ~~.. I o ' . x a I i .3 q-- . ,. I v n v a ”.4- . t 7 I 1 »r . - 1 I n . ., c- .- ‘q’v .- ‘r c — . .-w.oy..~ T. , 1’ ' r u l .. M . . § Q o, _ n. y .A ‘4'. . . . , . g. -u .U-- x 1" ‘ u - , -.,.. a.” nach- _ ‘ I. _,_, 4" p...“ w: rs ‘1. .‘ .. 4 o..-'- g.” . M A’t-m‘n ’ -o--."" ' "' - . 1 . - . 1 I I 8- . - ‘ , . . . .- ' - o ‘ ' r5 ' D l . l ’ l ' . ‘. '- - I -.. x‘ ‘ ’ . r “ K . . n - ’ . v ... 0 .‘ ‘ . v‘. f- - a . - .~ - - 1 ‘u...- »,L~~- ‘J- -qusw-u.-. .N *“Am . , . _ ‘ k .X . C 'L. 1 . " .‘ a ' t r. ', 7- ‘1 4 . i ‘ '1‘ a. .L -‘ . o- a .‘I ' I 5' ' , 9x 7 ‘ ‘ - ‘ t . ‘ ‘ ' . - ._. - .L . . ». 5 ' - -L‘ , A“ " n k._ j .3 ff‘ co study. The playroom is the hos ic clamor; to? the preschool and should be onnlvzc- most c: c ully. ”iho playroom, as the center of .drccry schcc cl socivitics scr"cs rrny differ- ent purposes. It s the no kshoo, the art studio, and the scene of nous oilw esp ng and aromatic ploi. It is €180 used for music old story g:oups and for the sc-rviLg of juice 32o even the noon won)..."1 “Lore should be a soyuratc room for each group 0.? childrcn, -ho groups lei: ; divided according to age and drvclo:nrnt. Althougll most nutnoritios agree the t it is difficult to establish hard-and- fast rules concrrzing Spoce require- ments since there axyunny voriabloawhich affect the amount of Space no eded such as the age of the child and his work and play needs, a ninunum of thirty-five square fc ct per child exclusively for ploy activities is commonly agreed upon. In the study by Karen Eilstrong, previously mc.nti nod, thirty~fivo square feet per child was used as tie accepted standard for indoor space. Her survey revealed that eight eon st; tag from a tot.l of twentyunino participating had less than this mixinum allowance. Thus nearly two-thirds of the total group in her survey won below stando,rd in M- 1 . .1 ., Heinrich B. Locchtcr and Llizcboth Laechtcr, 0p. Cito’ p. 30. 2Karen Eilstrom, op. cit. ro- , n."" 'i . ..44. H,,- s‘. __ . ’ r’ t V I ( I ‘ I ..' It . ., , , U x - - I ~ ’ v . . . . ' ,- . _ . a. . , . .‘ l‘ h ’ -\ : ‘ . - i . .' O4 ‘s u a .' l .. I , ‘ 4» . \ ‘ 5 r" .r _ I. .' v . .. r. . »‘-. v on1-.,¢:——u : _.'| LE'-L 1 indoor pley Space. It is important to consider that the proper arrangement of the required areas detorninqswhether or not the room can give the largest amount of usable syncs with the smallest amount of actual floor area. Reference is o?ten mace by autnors concerning the importance of having wellolighted rooms but specific recommendations seldom are mentioned. The standard of tWenty-foot candles selecteo in this study was taken from the How Jersey "Minimum herniations for Nursery and Day Care Centers"1. Local nuthorities approved this .mount. Acooriing to Alschuler, "the child living in a worlfl where furniture is planned for afiults is hendiccpped in the learning process becaiso he is repeatecly faced with obstacles which he cannot surmount. He is forced to rely upon help to not into bed; 113 toys and often his clothes are left on the floor because he has no cupboard or drawer space that he can reach or call his own. Carelessness and dependence are often direct results of furniture and equipment poorly selected as for as the child is concerned”2. Alscnuler lists three criteria for selection of furniture: size end shape of furniture should fit the child; furniture Ho should be substcnt ally constructed; nni it should be ‘3 attraCtivelY COlored.J ..A . A 1Few Jersey publication, Op.Cit.’ P0 1%. 2n 1 p.039 AlfiCll‘rllC‘r’ Op. Cite, p. 1360 31bid. I ’A L: "1 ..- l . - .. _ 1 . ‘ ! . r .f \.‘ ’ I l ' I ‘ ‘ I ‘ I '- ._ o |v V A . -' L - o , - . :'. . - I . '. I t , N ~~ - . : " ' x . ‘9 7 X ‘ t‘. .. - .. .4 . -. 7.“; ,‘ if 1 j rt ‘ . 0' ‘ y L . -»w‘ a ; ‘ . x‘ . v - ‘ . J In. 4-... . . . ~ ! ‘4 0’- I 1. q -- 3' I . .V ‘- ' ' A ‘x ' 2 .‘ j. . ‘ - ’ ',I‘ H a a n " [— \ ‘0 .., .. .. " . ', v 4 ‘ ' ~ ‘~ . . '- -. c .‘ i. . ., .__ l :3? .- ~ 9 n ‘" ' L. s . . w . . . ..u - cop-‘1 w- .‘M—- ‘- i 70 For hygienic rcssons the :ccntinl consideration in storage of children 's clothir I3 is comclete s: paration. Shoulder-level height or about thirty-six inches is the suggested height for plcccrcrt of shelf SfFCG or boars. Various dimensions are mentioned by shocislists. You Jersey, in its bulletin of iccn sing requirements, recomlcnds the following recourcncnts for cnbbics: 12" x 10" x 10" for blankets 30" x 10" x 10" for coat, lchings, etc. 13" 2 10" x 10" for toots‘ "‘FfiT ‘ $.LJJJJAJ 15 IITHLLx..f -Jfi‘C‘T’ifiliTLXTVG ‘1‘“ “”}J-;?TLD TEN-2x31) 33 FOR FL-Qflu’. 0313 A. Omit Fo ch_ .LL.. ..JL. .llh. a. The Playrocms a hall al].ow s Einixnw of 35 square feet of floor space ?9r child c::clusive of bathrooms, lockers, kitchen -, oificc and storage. 9“ l 19 b. There shall be a minimum of 20 foot- cani lcs of li3?.t in all parts of the p ayrooms. night should be evenly distributed, nowhere intensely brig} or glaring. 0 1 19 c. window space should be 1/5 or more of the floor area. Low Windows are re~ commended so children can look out and light may come in to benefit floor 1icy. AL __ #4 F'— v 1New Jersey publication, Op. cit., p. 13. ‘-- l. '- 7 . ‘ ‘ f . h 'v. , . a . ’_ c - V a. I . ,. c .. . .. . , ,. ., A. A . --.- -‘ . , . . J . , . A gnu: - - - ' -~- - '- ‘ .- —-- >u — . -.- . --.....- - b l I Q ‘ - ’ . 3 4 . . , ‘ . r. . . :. - w—m.‘~t"1 . 4 . . -l . l ' ‘w ..p_ 1 . , . J . . ,7 a (q . u . I . C _ ’ . ,. r. ,. a. . J N ”.3, ..v , » ‘ B 7 ‘ ' ’ ' w -.A. , l .— v .7 a. ‘— “ p . d’ 3 q‘ } , 4‘ 0 ’y : u ‘0. g _. o- ., .5- aq‘ . \ vwg. .,., »‘-7 ’ I ‘l C . . . . - 1 ~ . . o - , . o . . - , T ' w a .3 3‘ r‘ I ~ < ‘1'-“ '—'~' .,... ‘r.”‘ T5filL 4 5*)... 71 15 .. DKT+1TL1154 Emit {0 Yes d. fi_0 2 13 0 h 15 O O 20 e. O 6 __1h- f. O O 20 o __0 so 0 2 18 O 2 19 1? O 1 b. ..fiL. .11”. ..5L. ..9. .3 1:: Storage (1) At the child's eye level, soxe of the wall space of the play centers shall be composed of open sh.1ves. (2) Llock "nel"- are near open floor SDPCQ; puzzles , take-sport toys, anl co 11:39 13o rirtls on shelves near tables ; shelves dishes on near stove 33K} ;ink; books in a display rack near library table. Closed cwpboord space should for e crs suzplies. be provided to art and science centers. jg .‘ 4.... A. L111}; Hal-T‘s (1) All furniture s1 mll be sturdy, movable, and child- sized. Tables have Surfaces. "easy-to-clean" (3) Fosture- type chairs of v rious heightsshall be provided as follows: 8”, 9H, 10", 12", 11L" fI'QT‘l 853813 to floor. (h) Taolcs she 11 be of various heifhts as follows: 1H”—16", 1o"—18" 18”-20” from table too to floor. (5) A 54" cot is suitable for child- ren two to five years of age. Clotlfii r3 (1) storage Cubbies near the entrance for storilg child's outside clothing and other personcl belor gings (2) Free floor sosce nearby to en- courage independent dressing is i." 113014: ant . q .. .a. 9- . 3 r K (.4. ,-,,._ I. r ,- .— v“ ‘ L . V , a .. ‘ w-q ‘ I v I . - h — a . n . ‘ .. .... a - - *__ . .—-..— "1 a . - o-.. M“ ..flo- . - - -.._—-—.'O .\ r. . a-. ..._...._m ‘~ .-,- - v . *.‘. ~ ; “0 ~‘_ . "’ '- in" ‘ I ~ f ‘ 7‘ .. P _..-_ - no ‘ 1‘ D _ , A-.... no -‘ ‘. . 5. 5 . I --"_- ‘I .4-v‘" 2' 5, O A- . ‘ ._ -. "nw .aru 9 «an-o. "9— "' q." 1 Cf tke seven sc13613 i- tris r r": t‘cse srrce allowance fellbelow tie :iiiw“I “e"rir‘ it, 313' soace in thrce sclcols 433 iuafiocuete to e cr21tical c"te,.. Lfiequete lizhting was not iozLfl to te a serious ‘9 proolen in this study. Cnly or e SCLool 135 yeor ligxting, this school being a converted garage. With the exception of this school, which had a limitefl number of U1L5ows 3L5 pieced too h an for children's use , other seL.c ls visited easily Let t: e rct“*re"e it 01 windows low enough for chil5ron to look ert 3L3 for light to illurin'te flrer p lay. The majority of scnools provided for storage at the child‘s eye-level. ilpcing some types of equipfient so that it may be selected and used at the co varicose or the child encourages infleyeuftnce 2L5 creative tiiukiug, this being one of the ma jor objectivw‘of preschool efluoaticn. Closed cupboard space is needed for extra supplies. Alth0u3h t}:e space Uss not ean"1 cueruste in amount, :5- ministrators had attempted to provifie for this need. Water play was denied chil5ren in six scéiools bcc‘m ass directors considerefl it a meso‘ activity. To ex~ elude this activity probably reduced orportnnities for new QXperiences always found enjoyable hi the child. Two scheolsf e3. ed to meet all of the re003mer53tiens for furniture. At one school children were confined to indiviaual child-sized desks for activities other than 73 organized game poriodo. in another school six to eight children were crowded orounfi or ch to :ble x.hcro ti ay 5.“ t for extended periods .Lring the day. at this school there V2.3 no spa co available for free play activities. More than hnlf of the act; ols vi sitoi gr 0V1 ed nothing more than hook: along a wall or a closet with Fault-sized coat hangers placed on rods above the children‘s roo ch. Such arrangements usually do not encourage one of the primary objectives of L 51001 ed ucction - that of fig.) 0 ta (+ cring inécrcndence and providing Opportunities for the child to succeed L an environment planiod for his needs. firstirt Foc i1 itics "Atti ML es toUcrd t3;o basic health activities of elimincticn, eating, and root 3n 3. {'3 (z) forngd during the pre- school "cars. A 53 :-u nvroory sch23 experience 0 Intri- "1 hates to positive attitudes. Tlc rest p? is; H p 5.1rir J the nursery school 53y ccn to o ..oa Ice of satisfaction and pleasure an: a so offcrc rn coyortuLity for closer aéwlt- c1115 relct‘*rd*‘r . "idoquate ng=st is essential as it relaxes sctive bodies LL5 :ivcs cLildIon rcncwod energy. Rest before luncheon and a non in the oftcrnoon are needed I) divisicr s of the yonnr ch'lfi's school d??."“ 1 ' -. ‘3' (V - .2. .i- ' - .. . }' 1 '95. '5 _., 41 27-. IL‘?lG!1 If . ‘.'}LrJ_-3 D19- iii-1:. ’ :E‘T,’ J .. 110,301'5 ’ 811.4. ..JLRIZChS \ \l 7 :31 . , A. , rr- . ft. $514.;- L‘LAZ 1 ’ 0 Ci L 0 ’ - 1‘. f: '1‘ "’ C O ' V . A ‘ ' u ’ I I Q l .1 _ C . 1 . ' ' ' . L I ‘ 9' o ‘- , . . . ' _ , . .. A . . . o - . . .. . f. - . . - , — 7‘ . . . ‘ . g I 1 ~ . u v . ' ‘ l . ' o . .._ n o .. .r L - . -. . p _,r . ‘ , , . I . I ‘ .. ‘ ‘ l ' V . . R Q ' C v ‘ . ' » .,. ;.4 .H . " AI . . ‘ . . ., . - U c ' ‘. ,‘ ‘ ‘u ‘ f . 7 ' d5 . ‘ I _ ‘ ' . . . _‘ ! ‘ ‘ . 4 . x .. - C. -. . ' r f " " ~"--- ‘fl9‘*~s~ . ”o... ‘7'”? 7r ~13 g.- ‘1 {sf-'1'" r'fi '3 v".' '31:; ‘7w :_ 1 1-"- '1 .u-- a - - ~~ ‘ D .‘;|.I.'-'.d.-l.a.£‘ k'.’ v"-laln" Ll“) V'..l.al 0'-L-!i J J.-A; 1.. \' Lad-J-Lv I'D‘. 30' |. - .‘ In“ ‘1‘“ ( l‘ $~ -. .‘ '-‘ I“ CI' ~‘o H. '0. ' .-‘. "...I‘A)oyo:{.4).v‘ “ \t'w‘ _‘v-d_‘)*.'-I.,\z‘! I d. ~‘- pd J‘ r. -m--mnm—Omv M 'w -“¢‘“-~---*t’--~.~o.~*-—o . ‘wmc’fim ._ v ' ——— ‘v v v—v V V——% -*4-.—.—'.-~r—"..~'~"- 1- V C”: f : ‘3 " r:- c- -u a. U ‘- A w‘ a) m m- ...M 1 %#¥ 1: 8' ¥Or tLG Lilf-STK TFOfrrm Eflch child 5“‘11 b” DT0V1305 With an inoividunl 11x6, m: 5, CI‘ COt. 13 1 1 b. For tho fill-do projrnm children shs.ll have inlivi d“ cots, greets, :nfi blc:nhots. L\Js used by c*~¢?: of the 11:54:31 old shall not be user? ‘ry children. Cot9,b Md::ni, n36 r130. shall be kept clean. LL J (3’ 3“) .‘ }.—l :31 H} U) .7.“— v—v— v— w FM The four schools thrt did not provida facilities for rast felt that a nap poriofi aftor children returned to their homes after lunch wns sufficient for them. Cots «ore provifi ed by czly one of the two schools 'I K‘ hevir3 progr ans extending after lunch. The Opinion 0: one 1 dire ctor we .5 thit the chil ol‘en lestiag their Lc«d5 o :3 ('1' ,_ ('5 M ’1 tables was sufficient rost for children in tor group. 1! 11 sociJJtias “1 . goiletin: anfi Vasi'.“ Tie number of children per to ilot and per lovatcry recofimonéed b: Ezethor and ioochter is six to 02;. 7 ——~— w—V—V— wfi *£.e figure: 13 Toble 15 include one so 011001 (church- suonorted) wm cl maintains bo th L. f~oay rnd fr; %1- -day pro~r~"~; thorfif‘cre, each 0” the snarestad “I m.rds was applicrblb and was met. y o § no - - ‘ ‘ ' ' . 1 . \ . g ' ‘ . § . _ . . - . — ~..-- . - n \ . } , I “ . O ' ‘ ruvd.z-‘. W " " ‘ "' " '. ‘ I 1 . ,. . . . .. -.A -,_,,,. - Q-~‘--°""“' "”'"" ’ "" "u. .7 . \ s 7 ' ‘ O" .- .-- - ~ L ‘ " '- I 4 ¢ . —4 - ‘ ‘- 1 l . ‘ . _ . . 4 ‘ ' . . ‘ 'I ‘ - fl -‘ ‘ ~ . , sr . u - «— u I ' - A ' . . ‘ ‘ ‘ , . . u .‘A n J 7 V . . A .. ~ _ __ v _ , V_..‘ . an” . p. ' I I ‘ ' 1 . .- n n . ' ' 7 ‘ . ' . - J ‘. - -. v. . - Q - o . ;.-- u~.-. ~1- - I. v "“’"”‘ ' "'“".—'~'-fi' . z 4 ‘ - ‘ . o n M h . 'r- " ' . ' a 3 NJ I. .flstfid J n 4’ ‘ ‘r 57.3, S H '. z ‘ ‘ f‘ o y. ‘ V ’ - 31. ' fi‘. .1. \I s. (.33 J. "551-, p. .’_r‘_: “' ‘- ~45” r330; 9’ ’- v-v “gr,“ lv’* . S ‘ ,fi)‘."f,.”‘q.‘l ., t1\...b'~.‘. ‘3 I- . ‘. ‘ Inlos C33. n? ‘ Ifi.’ “FIFE. K. v.4 “" L-J \) r I. 1’ a b‘ V‘M y: v‘pr w—l _. ‘_‘ "Rd 1‘“. L 0 IF.‘ . w t a. "o 1 _ in CLQLR? ’4'] V.‘ 3:». 5:3."- .3 4 ‘ I: 3ifiual ix fOr ififl {9 11A}. on 6r- p 14.} ”fr Etly, 1-. 'A ‘, ’h -I mv" ”NW: M; it: by . .- ..‘4‘, CL w 3‘ toilets 2134;, 1}?) 3,7_§;;ffi, 3 5:9 . C J n t; ildre 1 3 511 CL “7"!“ I . . ' _ Q—h 0‘. i! C? .-.r. I \o flry d J an .3 J i x « ’3, In V tub __ x 11.153: - 8 191 be a. ‘d uh Shawl a”. h. .‘m... “tam Tl. V l... Ohmt T: tu n5}. OIL,” .1 find v «awn... h...» .ru C: an... O «a s ‘1' up»... P.“ m J I 1.x W "I j‘ 1‘7?" ,‘ '5 It‘JL-IP \wL: .‘thJlK ' £.t.). ‘I‘, O 1 3 J.— {x o O 3_ 17 d. ' .‘w ' 1‘7?“ ‘ ‘- "Int? a k“) PM; :.i 1.}-..1 xi 15.;le 1.15.”.1-“3 ?\‘\ 4 fr": w; :41 17:- fit...) ‘ 31L:\ LunJ AstJ. .15..) 1.41. G .Li'): SILIJIILJ; At least one toilet and wash bowl with low mirror for ovary o - 10 children and a suppls’ o; warm and cold water shall be provided. Facilities shall be kept in a saditary condition. Cloth towels and wash cloths, if used, shall be individually marked and Lung up and nroIerly washed and dried un- der sanitary c: nditions. ‘he toilet room shall be easily accessible to the playroom. TM tcilet roo:n hrll be ersl lY re ac had from thes pl: ygr ound. b EH1 wash bowl shrll be chi 1&- or standarfl fixtures adapted to so of tM small chili by a low plrtform four or f1ve *ncxcs from tho TLo toilet and wash area shall be 3y to suI.n rvise. £0 partition shall SIDlel {-9 the rooms except for low phrtitions botween toilets if aCSIrfido _‘__~ ‘— Inadequacies found in this: area 1:310:11“ than were Bayecially evidcnt in respec ct to ElfiiClGnt number of toilets and 1m Mr :5 and ease 0i supervisinz. Tailet were limited in thirteen schools; - o '5’ A ‘ . ..I [‘ pellet and lavatory mm z-leaule. - . - -\ F1 0 “1 J. . “I hirrors were 591201 provides; ulfGCtOTS seabed unawale 01 .v .,.- " — o .0-0. —_————-— ‘ g Ill-u --\O‘ P a .\ lq-Dv.‘ '1. T n q - .‘f‘ . Q !Il’q'li p‘ vQ‘v-O‘y‘" 1.1.? ‘.~1_;--9 "Ia' unwfluil La. ' Mu! K. K141 £12411; .1 LJJ d 15.1.1.4 fl."J\Ji., .ILL‘JD max-v 3.... w. :1 1?:- pl “J ..16...’ ‘ J K-i't #L'J JULJJ. .h‘.) - 1' a '1; '1':- v --t {i 1.43 PO J- I- VA: ILIUL} w: —“ 9‘“ $7 (:th :- 3 YES ' | & ' $ " O 13 7 C. ht less» one toilet .CJ wCsh C011 mast-O M a... b. =3) 0 C. with low mirror for cvcry C - 10 children and C supply a: warm anfi cold utter shall be provided. FacilitiCC “:11 be kept in a sanitery conditlcn. Cloth towels and wash cloths, if used, shall be individually Iked and Lung up and Crorerly washed and dried un- der sanitary canditions. ra- hid» The toilet room shall be Caslll y accessible to the plsyroom. O 17 d. TLC ctoil.Ct room 31 1:11 be easily rCC th froza tLC pleground. 0 12 e. Tz1let CC: WCCC bowl shCll be 01'1ld~ size or ~t**rrr1 fixtures Cd,pted to the use 1 tin CCCll chili by a low plrtform four or five inches from the 3‘1 001‘ a ‘0 “*9 11 f. TLC toilet can W CL area shall be sy to 8““””Via” Lo partition shCll S‘b”lVl“Q t1m 0 rooms except for low partitions between toilets if desier. InaCCunciCs ?ound in this area of 1:1 vastL 3a:tim were espzclally evidcnt in respect t0 sufficient number of toilets Chi lnv'* .t ' _ - . w L-.. I . . , . . .. . . . . r l n... . .7 I ..—— .- O. . . 1 ..17 ~4- - . 'I 3 T _‘ . H“ . V . . . vw .-vn-u --u. . - . ‘ 7 v - a . - V I I . . - l ..A f! 00's a n. V‘ -W. ‘I'. ,,V,,.,‘,_ , . > .- .‘ .Vso. , , .. .\ ....A.... ..v V “a” n 4-. .- . . _,. o ‘ , § . \ J _4,.. . «A-“v—o r _ . .- - - .I di at 2.8 older c} Lildron. In addition, there were five schools which had complete kitchen fa,ilitios even though t ey did not serve the noon meal. All ot Lor schools had facilities su ficiezt for servir=- trio-v.3rning snacks. Cutdoo T Ploy "T“CQ he importazt fa ctor in considzriL? outooor play is to provide angle Space for active plzy yet not so largo an area that it c~:not be easily cnporviqod by evoilrhlo {3 staff. A fenoo arouni tho p ayg ounfl on blag the tenchor to ‘iIect her one rgios toJ1ri play activities. H: e, as in Ho ndoor play Space, there is n) unanimous Opinion as to what minimum requirofionts shaxld be; sugfiootofi fizTr as v: ry between sixty t3 ore hunirod square foot per child. It .as been noted tiat the Tatiana; SOCLth for the study of Edn- 3 J'J H (D H. m ’m ’2' , ‘ ’— ..‘ cation rt“ commoho~ one Lu.: quaro foot «or child. 1K3r011 hilStrO 'IL, Op. C1 to, p. 1&2. Enose fi.:lschulor, op. cit., p. 11-; H and Llizabeth: ” e.echt :r, 0p .cit., p. 101 mid Larlfin L.) att.:1.31i, CI)..C1-to’ p0 31+. so. f) C . , . - .L ‘, - , 7- \- L L. .- , .,_-‘..- - h I. I ~ - .. g ‘u f , . I I ' .. l I n.. ' . . . L .. I ’ -. — ’ “ > ' " '-AIV.- O-Vulf'-‘ ".»‘"-A' '1! . , , . . .L _. , L . —_— , .g- \ - ‘ . ' ‘ .‘ ‘ if -- '§ \ , , . -, . u L '_ . T x " “I - ~. , ~ 0 , s .‘ . r- - .. , 1 v _. , . - .. . . n.1- ‘ . i, 1 ~ . ~ ’ ~ , A . .. . . . . ..- . -- . , 4 3, A.. — . ~ . ..L - v , \_ ..L‘ _ L L. - .. L ..L... ,, , _- _ . 1 J.- i . .1 up u "n. J ir‘U"- “w”. “0“ ‘5 1-133 r VLeoi . SAJiL ”L. "J a v «Lnua .t n.0 +9 LL m 7; .0L4.r. NA H tw..m~ a ’w.“ «w t _L «3 my «1 0 Lo n. .. rpm; nL~n nu “a a. . .. l 5 ...... 1...? .1 m ..w T L ...J C n n... .... l 2 (... .... .... V . f. L 9. r ...v. «... n; «...-.. .....u «. ...» a... . C a m1 w. L .¢ -L, «J «mu. ...... 7...".0 a t 4.“ 4h . . ..V 1 u I .4.“ a. ..va C V“ l r a 1:1 4w .h ....“ . Q I «b Au .6. w ...u C an L .1 n... ”.31 ...... “L. 1+ “it ., L a n... t a 4.3 i t. v.1... .... e E .1 u 3 n. O W... a ..C .r... 9 am. .15.. H. r l r h... ...J LL C t . . L a. .U 1 a... :4... fl ... ... ml .... .3 .m. It ...... .r... a L m... m cm u. L L... .. r ...L m... m m .. s a s .... .f 3 . on c ...4 v. (s L o . A.. «I 11¢ .. L . w T C a. E 1.. S Ct V. f C O T . Rb 9b ....... __ .4... r Lb 1L ”4 C 0... a... .P... Fm. £1.“ wt .U C ...» mt. 1 AW. 1... .. . .. «.... .... m. . A.” ...... v... 1.. .-. “..fw C Li «1 r a... r. a... .. ... ._ r n. r. T S f I r r. a... H O .3 n. o... 3 a. .3 n- . L L: 3... Lo L t t e 0 .4, n 1 m. ...... ... LL 4; 4;. 3 a; .... .... ...~ A, P... ...... 3 T L o .... l. : Ami TM... .... ni ...“ O 1 0.9 ...... .. n, 3 C. r... C n... . .- L rLW. 4¢nmaqq a Luauv 0:1 JD awn OLLC .. 1 L ... W. .o. s s m c ...... cm w ...... .3 ... ...... .. . .... .\ ,. . o. .. L. r... $ . ... ... ... L . 4...- O r. .1 . a. V .. mm o r L o n ....L T c o .... i .. ....1. .3. 2 ”A 4., L .4; A..." t nu C .1. .m a... .7. v. .. C L... n... .L o C ....» .-..” .~ .. 4. ~ 4.1;.“ ~ LU r a} “5 4.... m.“ a. a 1... .4. ...u «.1. a...“ 4; H... ...H. . L L w 7...; it 0.31... .n... o .. h c «at n. .. r. ...... M. n... a C 4... ......n ....u . ..u. a... ...... T 0...... fix? a 0+» P 9;“)... C r u” n. «.... ....L ...... T... L... t ‘ ...-.. C “a 1.. ....v n”... A» E ...4.... H... PW. Q... m... .7. Ta 1...-.. «4 film . ....4 .1 L. - C ...... 9 .... u S ’t r r... S 3. L... .L O .....u .... S. T r. - ..A a ..-.tto?srt frat $11 at e L r ....z- m1. r w.“ am r .5. . Wu TN r. L... an F... F.‘ 4 1L.-.» 5.. C «II \I .. I J m. .H. J3 u. ... .31.? 3 T G t!” .03... m. C 1.. A... ..u ** ..fT. “.... 0.04..»3‘ ... 41.1...2“ w ......r.....m$» .. I.\ I.\ ). ...u . “w o a o o o M3 - a b C d 9 ...L .12.... 1 ‘L .....'2.. .13... .13-- ....7... 1 1w .....3._ .12.. .I'Y “ ‘E .: "3 m." '2 ”..A-... 0 ”if- 4 Ci. $2.... 2. o o o ' “- of 7'} “i "I activities j.aA.l a... f 0 AK, +1“: 5.. or ontcifio p l Jiflod 5‘ r'yflf-s U‘VJfi'V IJ'. .‘J ‘- 3-- .‘l K It?" )A\.4~.4 ( A’ S 5 or (”V7753 y) “it.“ 4‘ \ '. A‘ J... 2ft 11 2*}. t. f. N V i. \a \50 (.3 y 671"” VIC? r 'z“-T‘OV 18 1' 53 Q A CT; 13001" 311d Karen H~ ‘. “ _._ -I v. 4 Q ‘ p cm“ . - -- —‘~" ‘5‘ .. ‘ .. . ’ . . — . > ‘ . . . :- ~.4 ’ ..‘Ir - . I L» . 4 . a§" ‘ ‘ ‘ . . - . a ‘4 " ' ..- -- k P 48 i "h. ‘ a , .V' ~- ' "". ~ I. . p ' r. ‘. v . ‘ -- ..‘ .- ‘r - - r —. 1'4 4 h. 1*.“ Q. .0 _. CID f‘.) twenty—nine states had the recomrenfiei outside play snace cf seventy-five squarq feet per child.1 In approxi~:tcly one-tifi rd of the schools visited 3 this s1'Lrvey the Lind of surface provided on tie p1€W3 ground was not as rec riuended ani water for outdoor play was met available on tre playground. The outdoor play 3 ace of three schools was not "i easily accessible to the 31:. giroom and toilet facilitins. Lquipment "During the years of two through five, chilércn are fa *“3in3 tkeir corcepts cf Since, dis tance, 51:3 and height and pr? fifip??i@€fitifig with +heir todies, fiiscoverin3 possi- bl3 uses 335 neaucé muscle controls. Since MJSClES éevelep hrougfi use and bofiy b313nce is 331333 through establishing prepgr co Ora iinatica of all these farces, both the esuip~ meat anfi the guidance of its use i challenje offered by tLe equ yuant 5L3 the child's mental , 9 and physical abilities."“ Locording to Posts: and Lattson3, the ideal pi3ce of apparatus is the one which sage 313 to r..ny nirfnwnrt Laren Eilstron, op. cit., p. 13%. Rose Llschulfir, op. cit., p. 117. ‘i"‘.. 4* ‘ ’ f. ‘. - s 'c ....- ' ‘ ‘s- J.33«n333 u. vester 833 LETLQL L. Lett53u, my. . 0 ~ . I ‘ \ , J ‘ <‘ Q ~ 3 ‘ < ~ . I . . .L. , A . l . ‘ \ ‘ fi , 1 1 , 4 - . l \ . . . ; . . . . J . ,. V I ~ . . . . . . . . .' . A t I 4 \ . . . ~ ‘ . . ’\ ’ I. . v , l .- . . - . - . K -\ . _ . . . . v - , . . .. ... -. V- . . a I. .-‘.. .o‘ 70—th - u u‘ l childran of a fairly large r3n~3 of 333 and can be used Yeeth3r 3L1 Yvncht3r 31323 tLat "nrly crfifrniht To gen3ralize recon; ndatioug from v: risns sczrces 'l 9-5 may be said t? at Interials for botli inloor ani cwtfioor ! t ulsy shall be ade ouate in quantity and quality t3 meet L or ‘ n.333 of tne childrrn 333 reflect the resources of the t l1 '9 (1) envircrflnnt and tha initistive of tLe torcher. A variety of types of equipment shown in the two succeeding tables is wn5~ncr_d as a guide in 33 Lect irg inicsr and cutdocr - -. t. - 2‘; ,, .. .5 1+ .- : elnrich 3.31.3.3.“ 33.11 1 113.113.3131: .mchmr, 03:. c..t., . §~ " 7"A'.\ ‘2 . 1r - 3 r: 1‘..l‘.x.".‘1r__#£ 18‘“ ‘ -1w:$~*~ t '7'?‘7"“) ‘1'." 3 «'3.» (3 ~ n'vy'T‘ ‘ x ‘7'“. v 7-3"? <'?"°-"*~W‘*- W" """."“"“r‘ 1331 :1 I'L’.'1‘ ( ‘ - ‘4 El ,.' 'V -..IQ . !.-v ‘. .1 '~ -. A. g s."_, -.A -r ‘ I‘- - U '54“ ‘ILfi‘ul-‘tJfiJ "I 3...) P1 . ' :'.T1‘ 1"1‘: 1,- 11 ‘(' if) 'p’ '7‘ "3 " ' A. i‘ C-L lY- :-S (1'. L 1.‘ J .' ;..u.“. 1‘ \-.-L ...} lkfih 3:.-IzY “_ “fl,” '-OM"‘V _ -..-.- .... ._ ... W —‘————— T —— lb‘r- “....-. a. -- on...“ o “-..-“W T w fi w T W - V ”a”. O 9 13 a. Creative _£L_. ‘fijL_ _le_ b. Ehysical and Large flotor ”§L__ h _j§;, c. Dramatic and Social .EL.. _“§L_ _12_ &. Constructive O 9 13 e. fianipfl ative 1 ~ - v. “I ‘1 ~" . 2O 1. 30035 33d ric*:-es 90 g. Eusic lo I 4 LL” :0 13 h. fiatural iciezica .- .4. - A __._ ."u— a w __ J 1 As a who 10 schools r‘a ted high in variety of indoor play equipment. The major uee‘nesses were in proviéing equipment for dragatic and social 31d for physical and large mo£or activities. In fours chools t1 r3 were no "dress-up clothes" for stixulqtiuw dr333t1c play; in five schocls facilities for physical and lxrge M‘tor activities were not available indoors ...m .7 .— , - , . u ,- -.n o . .. ' - .,, , g. .— .. _ A A,- ., ‘ ' A ‘ .. .~..... ' ¢ .. - » ‘ . . A-.. . _, _ ' I‘ I a . -.-.‘.... ,. . .‘ ‘ .- _.‘-. ...-...... , 1 I I. - ' a- - v -. . x ' r v C?) V utdoor ’lryi ~v*“"o*t L.-_L. 1 _o r~ ' | I) I, | £1 .‘J- I“ 5’- F0 "I'l' ‘1‘ ‘ _/--. .‘1 "_.'1"' r‘ T n \‘ ‘ ’ I” ' ‘Ir 1 "v F'1‘.’ erT 1 1 ' T‘ ) v) I 3 ~ 1" 1:1 ' (1 1.411;)“.1 \. Juh- UL: I ‘2 ..-.L L} .- .111i JLJJ ;-JJ-:_.1 -._I.L.{LJ.JJ"..JLJs_) ‘lf‘.'f' 5" fit?) ('1 ' \ . 777:} ‘_ 1 T! r ‘ _ '1. . x {'1 .‘7 In 311 L‘LI'. ...L"...J Li' ‘5‘- .thoui .L -LLL L_vADCK.u“\ I".u;..l.r vul .LLJLL? Coit 10 Yos 0 3f 12# a. Climbing 0 2 13 b. 3:1n ing __Q_ 11 9¥ C. ne~sawing __g_ 10 10‘ d. Liiing O h 16 e. Digj‘n :(in dirt and in sa 11d) 0 1% h f. Hater Ilay C) an. .) ..A 0 CW 0 '1‘} I 1 _a " 1A111d1143 .. "13... i \lblfiiAlL-Z O U\ .4 F‘ .t— H * 0 o 2 13 1. lulliLg o JQ_ _10 j. Liftiug uVilellCG indLCates that the stcugurug £21 fuCil it 193 for outdoor 1&2] equipment were not as well not as staniards ¢ ..1‘ -. '- n H . ‘ '1 ‘.-‘ 1, - ’ \“‘ w. ' r . q . ' “ - 1:. in the other areas 1 p 3.13 5.1:. 9(;=._11.}“.;e11t'. ..«.C1._1t1es 2.0T .2 . -.F v w, ‘ .I‘O‘,‘ *1. ’ ‘5. ‘ V ‘ c111b1n43, swinglrg an; Lleihr wore Busent iro; less tnon 3‘ ‘ 1'» .‘4 “.-\-.~ \- o 1 r r1 ’15 x ‘ r1 ‘7 | -. 1ive sonools. Dust oav1bgs QLleiJnS p1 outaoor p1ay equip- - ° ,5 ,-. ,. p Q"; P a ment included see—saws, Plaind toys, fd0111t195 Icr water “ ~ . 1 ‘~ -' '.‘ 7‘ " 1 V v‘.‘ I 7" ‘g " "T play, bUIIGilfi, pus~1n¢, pa1liu , add 11ft1h . l‘n'.f "’}(‘"\‘Q ,I‘Tld '0. p“ 'Ar-"n +1-a "~4:c-.-1“:' CV .‘F-n '11? f u. v. 116‘ ...‘J M'I.“ 1': -74. t- \L, 1V 3'11 J v .1. v1.4"... LJAA 1.... .‘J J.~-/I.‘...! . .’_.\J-._;(.. v3 were coin iderod dangerous by many iiroctors; because tri- 1 CYClpSc re om M by SCSt chilflron, troy ware consiiored . 'v . . _— . . .. -. v 7 -..-n I... ‘ -.‘ n .- ~. ..-. -...-- « - -~ ~- —. g .- -fi—q— ----. . n“ — . ' ”a 1 ‘ . . x - g- - c g d I! i l . ‘ - - u- - ~-' -. ... o-v- -h..- I r ‘ ‘ U Q‘ ’w‘->7-- - ~-.”-I -'.h. O ‘ I-A...:,L.. -“._-_... »“. n..--. -.- -.-»... . 1-.....‘ .— ..- . - «.a‘. ‘- -~—- ~ v-u— v .. - I._ r. . . . n. _ a - '- . ... ... "Ao‘ . .— . . .. v. _-. . .. ... -o -. 1.- 7 _ . A. A- .. .. ...»..- . ;. .- , - ---- - . . .. _ _. .. ... . . .. ,. .' . ‘1." -' 1 o . \ . 1. , . , , 1 .11 . . .. ' _\ t L J . r ." . .. , , d ‘ l v \ - “c r ‘ ‘ ‘ I 'I ~‘\ ' a a !. x v“. ‘ ..‘H \ is. I ummcmzs..1 ;! at, film... -3013; I": ..r. I‘ filmy 11.3 c! nsi'erad to ‘ — ‘-~ 1“ "N a. f‘ r ‘ ’: ~- .' ' 1 . ' 1- ' create two anon of n “133 .ni ch111ron eat their c1othcs J $-~ "“Q' ‘5 ~'- r*r '!.'4'3 'r~ (*1 J.- :\ n\ a v I JIQ’T?W "\V ._ ,. p , 1ue probr.d vari-1 1rcn are fire“? to w;oth~r chilflrzn, tLeir iatsrcstz an. pbiliti-s, arrrnrement and chrngos in th‘ 1.11 y program. chn wigh.f1:1111f.t;rihz filrnxitg tFo rrnfrnr a Cortciu an;mzt of routine is essential both or to: cM rs “*.d for chiligon. F1: the teacher there 151: s crrfxsisn an; ac ivitios run ROI: sréotily. T‘ia is oqoocinlly true I", 10‘“ to 15" (D Hue: LL Iraabp. 0.: Fr.” "t:‘ t.“ “ital; V-A;Iii»g LEG"- grounda. For the chifij, 8 3029111» 1% desir: 11: since he soon LLOIs the successi n a: evoxts fro m pant expcr fence has passes more easily from one activity to another. "In so frr as nossible, the children's interests and LCCdS shouli ootorx'ne the time and duration of each activity."1 37 suggustisns to be considered in planning the éaily schedule: 1m6 EECh in"; tci :t acted la sncula Lrovide for the needs of the "images"; c}.i'}L-_3r'_rn; as 'Lmeh ti.Lo as prss._ ble sthl-lfi be allowed for owtfiocr pLCy; periujs of orgau§zeci group activities shculi not exceed fiftoer minutes; free periods shculd be fairly long and unin erru;ted by reque: ts chm teachers; periads of ective and qnie t p12 ye sthli altérnate so that childrer do not beco e ovor-tirad; and 0&9 activity should be dove-tnilefi into anotger 90 tht the program runs more smoothly. Vith these co sideratiuns in mind racoruCnflatifirs for "larLinv a "child-centered” program as listed in tfio a 1 ___-‘ - QUCstionnaire WC re neveés Md. CO C. .L‘ ‘L‘JAJJu-D 23 yn-n: x. “w r', 'I - V '. " L'\L.": {Md‘ \ '- -T’1" "vv 1 w '1v'7\' 1 .3-_--5;;J.:JA6 \a -.‘ z'JJ-‘uLI' .LJ ) 4K ..‘LJ .5. ..- l. ‘ .a' . _J.*JJL J»! J Jr.) 5-1.) .‘."’5 r. 1-14. -‘1 w 1 SEN. iJul) L‘u‘n $-LL'Jux.‘ “\4 t 5‘7”} Y}. Cnl CL ls “—.- M .w fill- lac daily program: 13 3. Shall have roe sorfla ole r? ulsrity, with a 3131]- r srwiuoncs for trio Children from ’ Cy to CCy; that is, regulsr dailya provisi»n for play, for acting, for resting, fortnlleting, for washing, etc. 0 a; 13 b. 3hLll be sufficiently flexible so that childrCa :Cy move in groups of 2 or 3 throu hout r utinc activities. 13_ c. 3hall er co wr ge children to FCCCFt resronsitility according to their Lgcbilities for trCir own care and alloys ample time for this 18 d. balances inioor and outdoor activity, catner permitting. 17 c. Gives Opportunity for the child to work not 2003 social relationships on his own level. 12 f. ls olrLLcd to float the pLysical, social, intellectual and owotionol roCds L5 Crct ‘”iividual child. 18 iholl provlfie for qulct and noisy GO 0 ”.4 . _- (:01 TC ;;I-.: il$dicr tGCA 1 prime cons Vigitedo cctivitlcs , frcc ’, STORE Plfii, la and l"‘LVi 1al :1 y I“, '1'). —* ls sectiono Ol tle stufly were en- Observations of tho programs Of schools ttot nt;is and interests of the chilfircn were iicraticns in s;vontcen of the thnty schools It vos cvliont that in the trreo regaining schools .- -l u l La-y. - -... . . - - -_ V's ,-- .. - -— ‘ »4 L. ‘. t . a u- .-. . - -. ..u- . v -* |‘-.. c- A ..a. x. n. . I -- .. _. ~< — - (3') \0 there was little thought given to plannin J a program suitable for children of the preschool age. In two of these schools the atmosphere was fo mel V th rigid disciplin: coagurcs practiced. The activities were structured similar to those of the traditional grace school with emplc is on recitation of religious and academic learning. The third school which failed to meet recommendations for program appeared to perceive the oporotion priwcrily as a source of income. {ergonnel was untrained and inerrerionced in planning and presenting a oroachool program. All but two schools had programs which met standards of regularity, flexibility, variety of activities, balance of indoor and outdoor activities, and encouraged children's self-reliance. h I a o o H 1 "So many factors in children's lives affect their responses in school as well as at home that it is usnelly only as we 'et facts and observations down on paper and as we consider and discuss them that we understand their 1 bearing on one another." A certain amount of data should be obtained on a child before he enters school so that teachers can be fagiiiar with his qualities anfl defects in advance. 1! records are to be of any value they must be recorded and hendled in a systematic way. _* -—-—.—-—I WW. "fi ‘ 9. .’ nose ulscouler, op. cit., p. 7:. ..>~ u v o a A' V ‘ ‘ x ., s s»! Q. . ' o I — ‘ ' i - i 7 . , o x - . - . . _ - , ; l‘ , . x. f s- I 4 \ n ’ ' 1 Q s "- . i - i , ‘ u , I ' ‘. . ‘ " a‘- q u V ... ' 4 . - ~ '0 n. . p r . , , } A \ ‘ H ..- ‘ i . p ' - .- . . ,. -. '_ ,. \ ‘ ' \ ' . . ‘ . V- . . .— . ‘ o ‘ .- ‘ s ." ' -. ~ V . , g l .. .' - -’ v 1 ‘. < . ‘ i .‘ ,. . . . V . ? Q . .. . , . .u t a . .7 -l, .. ,, l 9 . . ‘ ‘1' ~ " l\ I - . .- L. - \ , I“ “ n - -. w .' r z”: I n - . \ . S K 1 ‘ ‘ ¢ “ . ' 1 D) ‘I _ _ 1 \_3 _, ‘ . -r A o 'v . t > ‘ Q -\ - t I -\ ' . . . . ~ ’ . -1 ,‘A n t . . ~ . . '\ J 6i . . , . ‘ C 1 . . . - ‘ . . _ ,. , . - . .. I . x. - . I. rh' . ’. ‘ O\ .- t ‘ ’ ' ’ ’ U . p s - . ,- A Q ' , ‘A s ' ~ v1 ~ . w» - r.—‘ A-.. v - - -, -.. ..-—.0“ "P “'s l"" - "i c '. u: .‘ I ,- ,_ - \R'A'r. ! ’ ' , A f. v‘ , ‘ ; . i . f. l g.‘ o ' - ‘ C v‘ ' . 4 fish ‘ “ . .. V‘ r n x‘ .L, . hm: ; .- (- . a 1 'v u . ., .. . '. a‘ r' ‘ ' ' ‘ ~ . ~ ... A ...L o -‘ Wow-4, 3‘ I) ‘ ‘ I _ 4. _ ‘I , '._ ,9— :ostor cno mottson cnnworcto Vfirlnufi UCcs of ‘ rsccros lcro 31 osriscd: .... .- -. VP LN . 1. Loser“ rCLt woos iii 12*:‘Co3 as to C L :9 2. Records for th.o -sscr -r ii hcr in uncor- stomlin-‘r t‘rto CH 13 and mommy 9 her we 1:110:33 of hsnflling individual child on. Records m: also help the teacher in tho guilancs of other children. 3. Records for other workers such as research or case workers are valuable in aiding studios of mental exsns, play interests :aL.ily his disasse, forxotion and dissolution of .nrl 9 habits. h. fiscords of atonn‘LLce rs; be ussd in calcu- lating the prob Cole nor cent of the total rolloth which Lay to expectsi to be at school on any dry. 5. flccords of rtysicsl condition are in ortont ‘ occ.;.or my} 1::2;ror.s‘tsii;cs tho “pre- _ is CI.€ v C; ler}.t CL? IICOS in dict snfl routin- arc of grc.t e W 6. Rocoras 0F Clfifits 1 tests should to for the in-orm:ti n oF. tcschcrs and not t;o p rczt. T.£ tosckm rLry Iccoi a further insi ght by rovicw-n; sucn tests with ~ *5) 1Lclcgist. 7. Records of the child at home old the teachers in training the child slrzillF 1115' at school because thny have a clear unscrstanliuz of the home situation. 8. Annual or semi-annual rcpor to {‘9 v thorn is not ti“o for dci y or v: ' In an approved nurccry school, according t records of tho motors cutlinod in Table 2b skall be kept for each child. h _____ W __ W V 1Jose oozin 3. Foster and Tcricn L. Lottson, oo. CitO’ p. 13'). 2113;? PLlSC'lctlcr’ (p. Cit., p. :77. 91 TLBLE 2k w~rr ...-.... ”1-: ‘./“T' ff? 7. r‘ng- ‘ fly "vyfl. -‘ "1- ', filly-W2...“ Uzi - 'u‘o\«UJ.—r 3 Chi”. . \‘lll. I)._..J-.1“._)l g...) '71-- ,~ I: 8 (1‘ .-.‘ ! .. .-‘~ ...-"--.v‘ I; .. ntJl--b‘c—’lr.) L {1“ a-ku‘dkrltéju’ (5' -' v 0-?- a J- §m1t F0 Yng to) a. Family nae Records 0 8 t;_ (1) Enrly and present facts conccrn— ing the Family as these relate to the program of the chilflrcn's center. 0 13 2 (2) waulative record of contacts between the center and the family. b. Persccal hccord (1) Medical Record ‘3 ..A. ..a. $9 (a) Develormcntsl anfi rh'sical history of the child. “.9. 15 h (b) Records of all examinations and rc-examinaticns. O 1? 5 (c) Height and weight charts (2) Progress Record 0 EL 11_ (a)' Cumulative recordscf physical, motioncl, intellectual, and social characteristics and behavior. Q_ ~1’3 10 (b) Specific procedures planned in connection with the child's .cecs and the results of plans. 0 r 6 1h (c) Fcrfiodic sumrcry cf Chili’s progress at approDrictc inter- V8159 In general it was sund that standards For rcccrds kept by the schools for each child wire net well met. Slightly over half of the schools rccordcd informaticn ' _ _ , _ _ ~ , . ..- _ , . . .. .- . v I ‘ ‘ _ _ _,_ , -__ .. . awn—4- r ‘ c « V ' ’ _ -Wan—ggnnr. o- - V r ‘ 1- ‘ v" ‘ ‘ V7 . ---'-.o...4. u‘c' ,. -. . \ . . x .A ' - ‘ . I ( ‘ f' r ' . .‘4 . -... . ’h-m «a urn-W: A- . , . I ’ ‘ . I 3 ~ w: _ .. — ' f I \ _. A . ' I‘ . , : ,- '- g . D F F ~- ‘u. - --o- - —‘----:-.-- o ‘ . _ .. r ‘ ' I fl . ‘ - ‘ 5 v . ‘ » -. I .. ) - — on. o. < ~' .. . -‘l‘! .... go .1 , \. . ‘ - x ' I _ § . . . l v _ . s “O..~.v'.- u --‘ ~. .. _.;..., .....- . ‘ r . 1 . . "k a» , : I . a . I I , / v“-~- v - c ., .. . .—.. h-‘lm d ‘ ' , I , . , ,' ‘ o , - r . « . -‘ ' ‘ k ‘ o I v u- w 1r. 7.0 n ... l 1 - . . A k .. .‘ . I .-¢- " _. *o- - ..- u-Ma , .. g. 4. . . .. 7 .4 .-..- A .72. - . .~- ...—.... -- .~.¢.'~o ‘ ‘ D - 4 “ c ' A.) A I f ‘ . - 9, . . \"‘ . . ‘ . . ‘ 7 . ’ .“ T ' relatinf to past histcry of ‘LLQ £331ly but appr3x133tely 0L3~t31rd kapt cu: lativ v3 recorfls of “an 1y and scheol caanc 3. Less than one-half of tha zehcols kept herSOLL "331331 r3cords of chllflren, wLercrs align 3y mare LLa.L one-half kept records of progress or individual children. taxman“? 'n‘u'so ‘ n1 ”sf I“; 4 \i Wflm‘wu-o-i. w-Mw“ "It is rrrtcnt fsr L3 parent to realize hat tLe schnol is vitally c ncerned ab3"t tha child's 2‘ k'ur day, L13 L333, L13 ffim 1y enfi th3ir well-beiLfi. Bringi33 a ymvng3ter to school for tL3 f1r3t tiwn strlly 13 3 deeply .3. emotivurl wrong L0? the L.L.t her 33 w-ll es fa tLe Lild and it 13 4*? rtth tLrt ti3 trfiLri* ~13 be 3:53 easy rni cane Ifivtnkla for both pnreLt zui chfl.fl... L3 mt blis.hment 0f 3 fr1.Ldlg' L tar—r elati: ship bituzan schncl staff anfi parents is izocrh .t to t 3 euild's “ro~r33 , to tLe tencLGI's growth 3L3 to tie iLLegrity 3L3 strength 3? the scLaol in th3 c:mm*nity.”1 Parant pL1 V l D u l" . a — v , -, I. -~ I -. , a. .‘ . . s1 . l' . ‘ - ' O o t u -‘ .. _ -» ”-‘Mz - O n h must know that they mxy be aclc to expect some deviations from the usual. lac preschool exocricncc is likely to to a young chilfl's first real Opportunity to Lave roup experiences 5 utside the home. The ease with which his adjustment is made will affect to a great extent the success of these orperionccs uni their value to the child. This first break- frm the confines of home is likely to besdifficult ‘riod for parent as well as for the child. he preschool ) I a f'} 5 teacher has the opportunity and tle obligation to make evcry effort to sea that this transition is made as easily as possible. To overlook the importance of hose various opportunities of creating n favorable rapport between parent and school is doing ojusticc to both the child and his parent. With these facts in mind special conSLccrction shoulfi to £1 :n to the matter of homo-school relations. .....- .—-~..-.. . . .2... .....2... fiQr 1h 0 o5_ Q ...?“ .2... .....l. C) ..a- U) 0* ..JJ... A W \J y. 0 rs G—u—h~ '3 -..L VJ ! a ,L :v‘.’11"(\-— .3 .‘iuifl.’ )L .5 a. b. 9% TABLE 25 -?v' ... Dilflftl 2:11;: ‘1 -_1 3.1-.)ng .. ~. "‘,‘I",'.I . v 'V'“':)1 " ...L .‘_‘..1....J-‘-".JL.L‘- L'L 3.1-”... ”-1.1. Provisi n shall be mode for active re- lationship betwecn parents and the school t in r013. .33: : (1) (2) (3) Cos"ol conta t3 fipccific apco ntmcnts Kroc visits b' tm otfxcr morwb r3 of th child' 3 entry into p cbcr rid by staff :ftcr a eschool. :3” r3 r3— (9 m (4) Scliool vi:1.its by parcrts fc r obser- vation o: ch11 irrn' s act3.vitic-s. Cncouragomont of porcnt partici~ pation in tho preschool throuch music, stcries, c} lildrcn's prrties, toy repgirin;, etc. (5) Group meetincs - talks, lectures films whic} irt -r“r:t C“ild develop- mont and diocnssions between parents nnfi teachers. :rti~n iii r:ricn 'cticn the rowly er rolled child 31°11 be olirco. ‘nis mry utilize ec1n1c3les (1) Porsnt pvrtici of as: I ,Lil crczccs wits the parent before the child enters the group. (2) omo visits by the teachcr before he child caters prose -ccl. r nt and child visits to school. 1.4 \/ rrront rcr'ir‘rc rt cclzol for a ti. o with the chilfi as indivifiual "anvttcli is? f‘ . J . '5. w-u In I 3;. (1'9. ;-1 1‘. 1'" \fl V i bulletin bonrfi library firovidcdi 911:1 c circu listing or sta ff and p: rents. 1-,. ..-..- .- w —w~-..... In . “-Q-v .... I r- ‘ H47. ...... - ' D . 3 w- -. ...... 5“- - ...—...... ~--..- 4"“ -- _ - _ . .“r¢-§ A . .- ‘03—..4’ -“'O.““UH - r- I. . ‘ - "~-mu. I '\ . uooo. A. -_ ---c .--.L..,, '3 w. A- u ..‘ ‘N ...--.....- ..._ H a ‘01- .-.- -... g, - cc. 9-- n I“... 1‘- “w- . \0 ‘v”\ The mag t widely accepted moo as of creatin3 an active relationship between par nts enfi the schoolmcre found to be through casual contacts, specific spoointments, school visits by poronts for obserVation of childran, Bid porticipaticn by parents in school activities. About half of the directors indicatci that home visits were made before a child entered the preschool group, whereas less than one-third of the directors mafia home visits after a child’s entry into preschool. The reason most frequently given was lack of time. Group meetings were occasionally held, but directors were not encouraged by the participation and interest shown by parents. I All out three schools were found to hove some form of initial conference before the child eitorcd the group All schools reported that a visit to the school prior to enrollment of the child wag made by paront and child. Although some schools norm itted poronts to ro2oin at school for a time with the child,some teachers aid not cons} (Ker it a good practice, feeling that children undo the adjustment sooner alone. In the instances where a bulletin board and a circulrtir 3 library were provided for at: ff and j'r:r nts , it was roported that these facilities were c'ol‘"" Ilscd by parants. outstanoiz3 xsork was boin3 done in so vor.cl areas do scribed +hr,ucurnt t 6 schedule. Most assistant directors met the teacher qualifications act forti in the suggested stand: N s as diJ a ler,o group of assistant teachers, parent ass.stants, cools and ciLcr members of the staff. Vith but few 9k ceptiors, tic schools r.et the suggested stonJ crd s of honlth po olicies 8115 procecurcs and housing. Eany of t} c rccozmendaticns fa standards for programs wore met by at least four-fifths of tho sch 0015 Visited in the survey. chcols with suitable szric ty of rateriala and er roarienccs for infioor play outcwmocre* hose who lacked these facilities. Fotcblo achievement was shown in the dis c“ssion concerning the daily pro 323m chore almost all the cohools not suggestoé standaros. . :- - 1- . L 41".. -. fl .. A". , . . .. \ I ‘ n z . V . 3 '. . » I, . Vt 'fi ,‘ fl . “N TL 15 C1 3‘" .J t' I. he 3 CT 1 n} V.‘ S we s. 1.1..(411. .3". ‘3 .A J. cm.- ..1 S \.-.A '3’ . 5 + . ,v q! 1 ... ‘- ID -_— a .2 4-. o " ..- .1 s<. 4., ‘ A 4 gut ?‘n 1 a. n “+ nun-9,... t G: b‘f:e:;tj Sea-L\ C LC ‘1 6.;1‘L4L; La r'Jr NJ: .JOLS (-1.134: A”. J...£:('~_4 K.- L ‘- “[4443 —-::l~ Eaten 13u3s, Loai simna in whisL the existing aniiticns in 1:159 50113013 were 0’) :‘Elpfl‘fi' With Slijf,’ " w ‘l p.‘ ‘ ‘ H r: ‘ W‘ - " " ‘ 7"“ I3 “ llCGllSlI-{fi 01 3:03 chme. l.J s1vvcy LUUJEumi:?LCu asphcss - _ V ‘1'". , o ‘. -, ..-! ,‘, ' w". 3 7““, ‘ é‘f‘ ' .1 of guyschool 54.1.4-1.‘13b151'ku‘ll as 91l1(311..::9331t, stat; , 1° Lth policies anj prncciurss, plsnt anfl equivmcn , yrogrfim, Essa-so t Lursary cducctirn programs for th; var] 1n“3" were fauna to exist in vrryin“ flcgrccs 0;? uzliiy, Ias~i:“ s) ‘9 from little 3101‘s iLan custodial cs 3 as found in a privc*3 hens to a schaol operating with high stnnscrfis, snanscrsd by the st.cts university. Some wcsuLuscvs were notsi in almost every scL-ol .'is its"; some were more scrisvs than others. Cutstanding iflefiequaciss included cispropcrtisns in afiult/ child ratio; shortage of professicaslly trsiacd staff; little util “2 tion of the contributi ms of prrants, Ivoluntssrs 33d cticr eriessiunally trainad service beanie; irsdeqnp t. health precautiexs; insufficient space 3110 wvsnce per child both infioors nnfi outdoors; lack of “0&8 tyrss 6f oxflt cor nlcy ratiawcnt; inadequate rccorfis kcgt by staff of Le child's preschol eipcm icnce; snfi limited provisions for good home-school rclatisns. o 0 Q Q Q . '.v ... . g 3‘ ' . I" A -. -' ‘\ I“ a - ' .. . 5... , ‘. ‘ a "9. . . uwflflaCSSQS in PLLSCthl nlcctlcgs gnu p10:1:ms \crc evident, but in many of the preschccls visitel in tais survey C11.-- 4.13. IV (11' *‘ 1 A X 31:. ‘nij'wi 7 nvf‘i'c'l ’vtfi-«Ui .ml~' Hdllvat-o'na LJ aL ‘4'ka *“15 PTObl CL? was undertaken for the purpggg ~f itvm . ‘ r R“ ‘ ‘I‘ : w p . ‘-, gating tge Lced 4or CuflleSOrY lioousil3 o4 preschools in ‘ _ I ._ 9'?" 3 V n 1;. ‘ _ fl 5‘ 33‘ ‘ _ LthSifihau 4; 43 chapter prec; 3 shot h a 3muzhry 34 one in- lico 4Slh 3 pro3rom. Eiitriraztif‘ From the review of literature, thee eX3m ination of licensing practices and procedures as they wore reported from each of the fifty ate? tes , and the ervey of existing conditions in twenty aelected preschools in a Louisiana metropolitan area, evidence was presented indicating the need for edficationzl inn33.aAip 3nd supervision in the f L913 of early childhood education. The growing recogrlition by the general public of the contributions of preschools, and the concern shown by directors of preschools for meeting tho challenge whic? h3s boon presentoo, bring into focus than eed for programs of compulsory licensing of preschools. from tho survey of st3tos u:dc3t.. n as part of this study it was 4ound that: twer tyunino sta tes 1. ad no 11333 -sing» standarjs; seven states, iicludr gLouisiana, had voluntary in... liconsi 33; while fourteen states hafi compulsory linens 98 "'9 .35 1...; -v... s .1... I pr’;: 51' 5 0 Date frcm this stuéy's S"IVC" of twenty selflcted ,reschcols in thvn ch‘c, Lou131533 urre 31551335 regzrfin in? he asaects of 3rcsc 11301 administr 31133 incl: 1mg enrollment, staff, health 33113125 an” prcc-dnrcc, plant 1 2333 , progr; m, r zcvr;s, 315 hnme-sc hool relatitns. ‘.lth3;3h "33:308333 were eviflc nt 1nal1 arcas xifier cz‘nsidera- ticn, there apgeared to be a trend among ircctors of pre- schcla tG‘wfrfl an iLcreasing awareness 3f their raspcnsibilitts in offerirg more chrllcnz L3 educational Opportunities for young chllfircn. its most serious 3rcbl 3:53 were found in the area of "cnrcllrcnt" whcre seven schools ha} grants 63333113: the Eaximun r3c0313359t1 ms for size of 1ursery an5 kinflergcrtcn gro~zr‘q. Closely 3331: t3d to this was the fact tart the H stio cf chilaren to cfiults, part1c‘:lnr1y °"33: tie younger children, was in excess cf reC3mmended standsrfis in several 8 (3110013 0 Lack of prcfessicmal rep r3 .t1.cn 33305 the most sori mu 'eccncss f3und 13 the firea of "staff". fiiwcatinnal be c {gr m‘nd 3f hesé teachers who ware college 3r31wstas :3 well as those who wcrc not callefe gr3curtcs V33 founi to be dcficier t in 33331013 y, huaan grawth and devclccfiaxt, early childhacd Curriculnm and family life educ: titn. 13333 1335 123333“: rt? rssistSLt t3ncL3rs 133:3 whs r333 who had 033313135 13333333 3:33"13icc 13 an 3pfircvc1 schsol. There v3; 3 little ev 53:39 indicr-ti r; the pr3ct1ce cf 1 (‘20 in—service tra niLg yroarams for tcschors without ccllega «'21 degrees. Services of nrn-;2rof313n3132ta-f were 3393 to Varyizg dejre3 s, almr :3 unflcr the flircctisn s? tLe Lead t9 fiChfi‘fr o Findinffi from tka Stu}? Cf "hfiFlth TCliCiQS 33fi “TO‘ cedm2r2s" revealefi that preschools 333332 '3 H (Nb :1’ H ’2) O L) L): h: F) j J 9 i": 573 r‘ H r‘V' 3: H i ’) r‘) F.) tr E“ I eff :ctive t: 2 of h: Spectifins, anzl in e2t3.l 3L1.3 definite 33113133 relating to routine procefivrcs t3 33 fellowed 12 this area 3f sétini- strstlon. Standnrés most cfiocumtaly net in this s3ctisn O H: F’ f D (.3 Cr . J in 2: t') L) E) I.) H :5 (‘1 Lb K. ‘1 ' ’) {I} ; 2 c 2- :1 ("f '4. U ti ( 2! "*3 O r v . J (a. 3... DJ {'3 3'21‘ 2 5 'a 5... cf 6 a C} J H i - .“.'.- a- a. P: fJo 0 1.13 a ('2) g-J LJ 1 O 1.5 5.5 0, L“ p. i .l (J *1.) f“? t) (r C) 6...! O. ‘ _ 0 (3 ...: w H m 1 J H .) ('1' L—Jo U .3! 3 '5 O. 3.4. ...: J :2 5! ,3 gildren hav :3 a physical or wt 1 1*nficuu anly with 3pj2 ”raval of the physician and the L333 trachar, availability of first-313 Cg figment, and a. . ’ '1 ‘, ' .2 -“ .4 .. . 1‘ 4‘ ' A .- provxslun o 232i-Lvrulaz 22$ 32 urLOun sLacLs. ”3lar2t uni equipment". Indocr nlay 32333 we" inaiecua about one-third of the 33;. clothing at: 332 facilit‘i 23 were inuupol'tfi in th. half 33 the 2333012. Toilet 3nd LrsLb: 3.1 f: cil it.ic3 were limited in two-thirds of schobls. Recessibility oftbilet d tn“ ...1 ft. cilities to plryrooms was good in 311 of the 33.0013 3 H FCU’i in 311 but three schfia n ... 1* tags 11y "PCPDW‘HIO t; 3133 if} '1“ 9 2 ’12 " _ - p; 9 Q 4" . '— 1-. rncilities Lor isslntion naed d 1333 rave mcxt. L .LoLJL an ’1‘ 1 g 2 . 9 ~. " - Ila P V 3 -' ‘ ~F igOlStLan 3:33 3:3 grovLLed in at R: 3 231; 31 the scLools, ‘1 th 39 areas were poorly equLppc 3: “31 uuatC yd. Cftcn there terch3 3 333 Lot rcssihl3. Faciliti23 for outfihwr {13v aquipLLLt 33r3 Lot 3" well L3 as 3t3L33r35 in 3 of "LlaLt 3L3 equiwxent". Lquipnent far 333~3nwinz, riding, water play, hullilnw, LLlliLg, 333 312 tiL: 32r3 not rv3113213 in t3; to sixfren cf tLe schmuls. Reworts frcm the sact'aa a? "yrcgram" wer3 encouru aginw in that 337333333 of tie 5:Lu31 7:3 itc-d WTTQ 33k- & fieneral yrog‘mx 13333 on needs 3L3 intarcsts 3f the 3L11313 . It was found thrt strL33r33 for the secticL devoted to "r333r33" we? 3 L3 ~37 1 Let in 33L 1 3r“--. £3333 in witch the st3313rr33 3333 Loigrat31y well met (1.0. b? over half of the schnals) 1L3133 3 r3 cords 3333323121 per- sonal 33t3 ab3ut the iamil: ; cunu ative r333 33 of ph"sical, emotinnel, intallCCblaL’ 333 "33331 Guaract2ristics and L3- havicr; 3L3 piriodic 3uzLaries 33 CLiLd's pro; 333 33 33333- priate iLtervals. Jvifience 01 information pertaining to family 3333 records and chi 3 333 pcr301;l r23 orzs was scant. Several possi 1113133 for promoting an active *3— lationship with pareLts and 1:3 31113 w3r3 ut11126.23.C33331 contacts, specific LLLQintmeW as, s :Lool visi 133 by 3732 ts 102 for the observation of chil E."cn’a activi mi .2, initie 1 con- ferences with the parent before the 03116? “1 the group, anfl parent and child visits to schmol were the odhortnfiities 0 C3 of ‘3 g; '3 (+- I) P‘ U most of hen used (17 - 1? of the schools) t active relations 1p b tteen p:IC“tS rad the school. Cppor- tunities includ ng r-:nt partici ratixn in the preschool activities, gran? Montinm., p34 unrnnt'g TO' aiming at schmol :3 d‘ 3 «4 ”3 212‘ I“) r '1 0 for a time with the Child as indivianLl rfliustnn. were usefl to a moderate eatth (12 - 15 of the schools). 2h potential for making use of fircup mueuLngs axd home visits was often overlooked. Tntrrrretrti2n? rufi 3920:22r63219n3 luder c0221913u: ex: LL: at the Llfie of this study t1\- f5 t‘,~"‘.‘3“‘" ... P T“‘- 7'1 "T"? '1 5‘5“?! :"“v~‘ Ar- .fiw -. ‘ 2&2} o“ 11' .28 enuc ukulxb 0. c1 CO.x-p.,‘.».SU..J Lug...) ..Ia‘i, Dru/guru»: 1712.15: 1.2.CCSSuI'- J . - «.1 ., ‘ . -. 1'27 be 00-231522: red 22 1012;5-1292250 3,322}. in L02 22.151223. 2.19 first .~- ..9 2 ° . 2:- 2,2 2,. A- -.~! SL8? towsru LCnIQVLnfi tu;a final xvuLJ be uo bfiLL: tue pro- blem bofsre tie f:ubli2 in orfier to gain the cooperatian find '1 upport of cJ2.uui ' agencies, state prof9331sual argzn‘zntions, " - ’ ‘ v’ t ' .' ‘VI‘ ‘ ‘x I" o . prescnnog ad 1212‘?” \PS, an; parcLLs 9. he progenCOL-age J " ' q I" ”I. ., ‘I' ‘. " ‘- 2‘ 1" " u" I: - . --\ Q h , 2. " r y s “ . cn22m. ireerflLLon o. prgposm» 120wn31ug fibJLflDFJS unfit be ‘ \ 'L'A - psv~,- ‘3' +' - ' . 11m? Sthm {my «122163;. 01 eci xr2510n, .2 ‘ ‘ V ' v :3. I 't.‘ 2 F“ '0 ‘ Jevwloping aha en:0rcihz surnarrfig 10? re~20hsibili 2+ ‘2": *2 0 H ennrovnl , M22 fl recogniza its leadership role for the ex- teLs ifn 0f 922cntfinn fur the vary young. The utnte 0 ~. . v ‘ 7-. V . , ., 0 Cr " ‘ I I' I . v . . - IA. - ‘ . 7 J - . , —. n . , , -L r ~ . r« \ r . ,‘ V Q .. 7- - l I ‘ A. . . L ', . ‘ J r ’ A, .. A. -' r 4 r .~ A ,4‘- , 3 . ‘9 . .- ‘ . . -o . , n‘ 5 7' - _ . ‘ . . — V . " '7 . - : . _ ‘ v - . , r '1 ' . _ ‘ ‘ _ ‘ . ‘ - , . ; , . . . " - . ,-' - I . n n F " - ' a p . - > r ' , . . .. , , . . _ . - . . , , - . ‘ r J n , - ‘ 4 ’ A ,, ' ‘_ . a. _ f I . v' . . ' ' ‘ ' I I J 5 - - ‘ ‘ ,- u . 6. . «I v , .- ~ .. - . V - _ ‘ J . ‘ ~ :A - ; V . - . . ‘ l ‘ ~ u .. . . l I‘ ‘ . ‘ ‘ I ’ ‘ Q ' I ‘ , ' . -. » ‘ ‘ I ' , I? .. " ‘ . ‘ .4 p u - - < a . ‘ V - ‘ ’ - . ~. - - . . ‘ ‘L .', . . ~r . ‘ 1i \ ’- ./ ' ‘ . v: c. b I ’ 5 3 , . ,- . . t ‘ ' - ‘ . .< ’ ‘ - ‘ A ‘ ~’ A ‘ . . E . | « ' - 7 l‘ -— . . ' ' I ‘ ~v “ ( 4 7 . . ‘ ' h j n 1 1 ~ ‘ ‘ . H 'q ' - ‘ - . . . .. -L ‘ _ , . . , i r .‘ .1 . ~ - . .V . .§ , ‘. _ ‘ m , 0‘ ¢_ ‘ . Q . V . ~ or A .— n . , ‘ I ‘ _ . , . . . g 5- ‘1 O . - . I a .. , ‘ . . ., _ . x 4 department of education, tLrough lo gislative action, should be chargad by law to assuua this responsibility. Duties of such you)“; 1"71 would need to be designatei clearly, for a licensing program to be effective mv 3t nave yrovisifins for adequate enforcemrnt by the ug3ncy charged With this Earths? sue Ce 33 01 a 13.0:n3 :33 program woulfl depend on tne ave liability of urol‘ es signally trrincd 3taff for the schools. Feaknesses which were apnnrcnt in tLis stufiy of preschools appeared to be dizr. tl" Inl ated to the problem of incsequate preparation and educatianal philosophy of directcrs and their staffs. ”or tL;s stufiy, thirt' semester hours in early childhcofl «d1cstion 311:? c‘; 113 alvclcwmcnt Lad teen reccagcnfied 93 a . alif533 tL~r fqr L033 t3£cL3r. Because st the time of t1153 Btu fly no 33113363 or nnivxrslties in Louisiana off Grad a co ':333t3 cwrriculuu in this field, meetinfi the ebvve racuir3n3Lt3 vauli L3 3n imycssibility in colleges and univarsities in the wtrtc. ULtil such taacLer training proar 333 b come availrble, Louisiana might certify as a $1333L031 ‘eschr 013 VA: Lhi IGC€1V95 a flagree in early elemedtrry edic¢tion or in voc3t1‘nal heme 330332135 Etlu eticn with aiiiticna 33331311333 tr31n~ 1n; 1; Chili fievelement 333 33313 chi no:~ rfivcrt1~‘. A -1 an -. q , ; v .1! mt r- ~ ~ rt v—~w~ f‘f‘." N -. "a 's'= - ' W 11"" r1 ' "ta 4“ rsq if ms“ 3; L1. awn 33»333{1 u 1‘3 333 u; 3133c v a“ - +-'.- ~ ,' 3"“. '? {'N. a II ~‘r- l‘ ’ -5 {t til-[‘4‘ 11‘1‘. ~jcfiailb ~v'lvl‘lq b -‘~"-..'“. *0 CJL-I} I:'.L.G 4' 9“ ‘1' ‘7 .v- ’ " '-" 2 —‘ -. w rw . 3 »- ..--L n. ‘x A--‘ I— , n 3.3.; me~33rs to meet bfils requir333ut, @333n3133 clvsses ~a 1W '0‘ taught b istw should be 01.nr3é by the state uxiver itics and y child develoyment 9nd preschool odaca'ion SfGCiEI - colleges. Lejrcscit ztives fram such 1ust1tutitn in LouisicLa agreed hat this woulfl be passihla if there we? e;xnufl1 intevest. “3.1Jut on for base oming qualified teachers is important. This could be ”co1nmi"hcd in part by legis- lstlnn 0&1 euforcemcnt of state approval for yrcschool ejucation. But qwmlij’efl teacher: should be in a pcsitinn to receive acceptable salar1:3. ;.m :2wt L4231r1n 3 good eflucational Opportunities far young children 03 rise an eleredt ”HiCh to sm‘ve extent should be willing and able to pay ‘1-her txition 1° 31c}. he an necczgtt;:ry in crie to euplcy 12:21 . Gd teachers. iddit13nal sutpcrt cfferc1 my volazc MI! organizat13ns might surplencxt £333 vnid by pyroyts. Public support throujh tLKLujCH 13 Taco :eufled 't‘ . +1.. .. .. . .- 1. .1,. - + 1,"... ,c- -. 3-. . {a S t ‘33 ‘11 b .L.:b:‘3 It“) 3553.]. \§1;1C&J~ 11-14 x; 1:. :31; ‘1 1.4"..-'-_C- 1 ll iCJ-l fCJr 3" 1.1:: a . 3' 31,-? 1‘. .H .o. n p I: -,- v. - ._ ,3 11 9 _.~ w . a“ 1 v I "3’ r . 1 ,. ~ .-. w, 0-“ ‘ 3‘ r J- . A ._.. r. . ,3 CLALL .leé 41.1 0;; W. p. r .Lu. Juan‘VJ 9.;J.¢Cl. 9‘3. bat ,L4.. uh); C a1{(~-c lell (LI-J. :4 :2) ) {gr 2 ' - 1 , '- '1 ...4 . . m "5-. -’-' u; C? 12L.) ”11.111.41-103. z: _Ca._~bl'~ullo “ac“- f1;nn 121 supfiort 'Cvlfi t? r ;.t1r"1 cucc a“: crt cf c1 rgih‘ 1L3 stat“ 3» :rtrhgu of 912091141 kiih 1rr‘:.~ sllil t;.fvr setting r“: 933;:c3‘3 Gtfih‘ r6”. -Jef.‘ “2 :32th 1232‘ 12:22: 0311. L: .' ‘0 tcvrr: accepting a preqrsn cf c; vulsor" lictnzin; $4619 must .3 -1 -. .- ,~.« , 2, ‘__. G ct.:l-tr11;ut1:ar.s 0.- 33mm. a pm- -. "n . a - . ~ - . .. 1 - .. 9 ‘4 1 1 fi fi.’_'; '52P ' -~ (-4-. ,‘pz' " I I‘- -\ ., a", - - I) V-‘j" .' f. ‘ CC‘C; 3&1 e. o.- L..j.\‘ LA (.2). '.a«‘.:.." C) CKJ ‘xJ..K«i dz. QC-tkfl. gxa‘t .L)‘ 9 4b-‘-“- '2‘-"‘ "' “‘4‘ v-w . .1 $3813 thw -t *0 ;. v I -34 -‘\( 5’4 ,. = ”I I -L ...; M. l. a, A ‘ ‘3‘ (X ’5 i '\ '4— '7 K .u' '\-..I 4 i— 3.“ CI ‘1‘ y‘ a. 1 A. —- 1'. ”V 9‘" [q 1.. -.l J ‘V: £2 4"- ‘Vfi'! £4. w 'wr.‘ 'fl ‘1“ f!‘? In. '_.L\.’ J. n, 5 I-‘ r1.” ‘_.' 3; ¥ ‘5] (‘9 - “ A -... 9 .‘ 0., (L4 'f‘vfi'?‘ . '(,. u )4"... 4n ...‘cl N '7 4 1“ us " a N, M.- ‘: ~r§ 0 J; *nls ‘ ‘ at K 1'1 ..- ’1 '1 r"; 1'! fix I- u 0- ’ '1 :1. 3'1 1" f" H \u' L« ‘ Ciil. (~“p‘ ~-: g ‘ O A; ‘I' v}. 1~~'r‘. *0 .' ‘J‘AJ C‘. l.,i t t‘ C ' .v P“ *x') 1“ (f. 6 ‘27- 1 V‘ .-:«- \ J' 6. 0?,- U . 7‘ r"_ it}: '- 7 ‘- .’ f- cov7~ 1 . O J ‘ .1 J" ,A. $ Ln.‘ 3“ ..J.L.J'&.+. ups ,u \-.r. .\A V." 7 .1: a II ‘- ... t-Ju’. £4, ‘1 '4 _3:‘.1'I V 1'" .5 CC ..a ._l ‘0 ef‘n Y’": .L 9, . L. 11!. t 4.1.. ... «a. 3 A. .t I \ - L a.» ’5' 1.., ‘W! , A-1~. .A UR‘ ‘ ‘GC ("'- ~_. 2. JG .ersonmél v“. I. q 1 "II ’- ‘\ "Ii t' . ”4.“? 4 V A..-.A -‘- '5 0 ‘~. f‘ ..- La 4' ‘7':- ‘ ,".‘ O; n‘ ,. _‘ V‘ '5 ! ‘rn'r' Unit... 3.1!, ’1 (7 L) «f 2.1 .. 1‘ (1". ‘ L.»- :ly written or .- \ 09 loos:n oviw l- 2 ‘ ‘ \ 5'. 1 r 1 .- ‘ .- v-‘v 'E‘fl‘ .. _ “do . 5; ar 1,... 1.!— .fl.» ‘1‘ L. I; ‘K9 n-u u) ..\ k . - . .. P . L y] M; 5... a... x} i 11% .is m . i W‘ b V A, A . \ F... v‘a w». W...“ ..\. . ~ QJJ IA.) 7 . u .. .1 ft u... “...; V C O 1... r O.“ “a. ,vfr I 01‘ A. I , . 0“. .c "(a l O h ;fir CC ‘1 .1-‘3 ‘ ('5 V", \I \. .' I i U I (f. L; ‘ _ c | . , , . v ; 'A ' Q o a i» ‘ I ‘ - . v ’\ . ‘ .\ . 1 Q . . a; v 106 onvclue 0-019- ' V;‘-‘ A program of compulsory licensing, as a long-range goal, would be e hajor contribution toward eliminating or rcfiucing the inadequacies in preschool education found by this study. Schools Operated as bonafide preschools could thus have their programs strengthened through unity and professional guidance. Licensed schools could thus be set apart from other preschools and child-care facilities unable to meet state licenslflg requirementc. It is heped that this study, through the revelation of inodcjuacies of existing preschools and the recommcnfiotions for improvements in licensing, will have made a contribution to the better understanding of the importance of licensing of preschools in Louisiana and other states. ; 1| a . u . . s . .1. .. , . .v 4 .> I n o v o 6 ¢ 1 h- . — .. _. .. v. r , s . . D! o _ M A . . ,. . A v c . . . . V c o , x . r a . n . v. . § r u 5 . o I- a .r . .n a . ¢ 4 _ . . )I. u v . 3.1-4 1:101:13 107 .l-i . . - \a .- 3 LL v 7 l I T Y‘ ‘ F .J" AL -J r“ 71 film-‘- V;‘ '9 I ‘ UL” ‘ 103 :9. ll. 1' z ‘ EL 0 Q \ ‘f‘flna b o LG -I a- \J a '23 (lorroo in H i All Cf}; -1 4t 'o alogucn runn- 9 f if I!» .J o H fi‘rvf an lild ‘. 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V\‘. or .31 TI ‘5 I I“ ‘.~" I (.15). .. n :4 .L -.4 Mi 4 1" -, M, 4 h 'J a» d- \ “- ._.. I .1 U" ‘ .14" 1.1} / _~ l’; f ‘ C." 1.) y ‘7‘!’ l-L I . .... _“ ‘F . Q -61.! .., J. t 1 1 3 .fl‘l {AC Q ,_ f“ -c ‘ul 4'" i. .L.' It, i "-x ...- ‘- (0% Cd . o -. .L". ‘n ,I l‘x. J 'ér‘ V7 3 V ‘1 4.». ,. . K: -. 'I-.-r-\ ' C 051.; t,“ 1‘ I 5.; t m . .L F‘o:' .1 S l u. S a B .. _ .2. l ,1 a...“ n.” .t 3 fi 3 .1 $ '. fl. Q A...— 3.1— L.v C an; LL 8 «i 1.0 . fl 1.. s- ,. 5.. L...‘ ...-H 7 m n .Ld i. 51* A.. a .6... n: r. 9 (... . .r? Bobbi-Ml. \ 61" 3.2371 A I) .11 ' L87 J I 1 S w... r. 5 a A. ..J ”5* Wit-fl unfm n L. L ...u n}... mu . I , BL'VL 3 r \y I 13'} "'or .u ‘ {fin L m "k 3 fl ".iw ...! 3 1; .l A ...& . . .1... ”M . .wlk ...... n...» 1 {Q J w, J- ‘ ,. t 0/ f; fa, . -d :0 Q 3 .‘I . x! u a. 7L . xi .v "I? m L 334. I} “11 ...! VA 7“." 1:} ... 1...; ... u n‘ .19 1. 1th ' t ‘ ‘3" 1 an. I" U 5 1:3 ‘1‘: g. a. a 4 3‘ .0 ' \Ifi" ."I Aé-\. .C. y iii-2.110 1'3 1 . ’3’ " 4:32.43 " "'D (”11 b t'? __ ,v . _‘ Ahe marge 1. ... -M H- . ....‘v up. v . -,;.. ‘ -~ ‘- ,- ‘ . .— ~ . u-r firict-o -. on ’U‘- ...-,‘_-A . ..‘A—n' 1 .. v A A on»...- ,. , ..7 ..A o . . 7—..- -.. 111+ t 9922“; and: W?3Cflfilitj Lo POxth"; CL’17.(..:.KAJ-mwll“ £331")3 "11.5 ’ 1'36. toil WOI‘ 2: 1‘11. v- 2 . $11.8 :1"... J. «-5; .'. ‘x 1x a ‘ . “ .’ 1 .v -"'-v\ '1. ‘-, 3‘1‘ . Lél‘-3‘l I It’d J JLi-Lht; 31L: .L‘./ I... MCI-‘1" '4‘ +-‘ ":a“,‘ f‘ i, ‘2 1,, (‘3le thLvu. (351A 4.x).b 83'751381139630 Mt.“ -‘!' m r. - .- - .. - 3. J-xz'd b C ‘..r: {36.8313 Ethh-JI' ‘fi Q ‘~... ‘3 a w ‘ I. ,_ .9229523 Smfil¢1[¥) lucud2x1cxcuu2se ing scr vice for parents c3 £93 n2vclxifl u 322 tit-2:2 22.1.;a9ility‘ of social. 33228 work 3 ' to COI“CCC tile preschocl With (1 922222135" 5C1 WLCGSO C {D 31 q (2‘ ‘3.) L1 1 q I -,- f .1 ‘ d 1r. Qua... ‘33J C1501 0" Q'f' W 171* f A.. . ,7 , .n ‘ ~ . - -..; Ser...C&EEJ OJ. {3. 1 [932' “0.1.0 1521.311 be ,. a: A -’-~. \, -1 , . 3 _~ 4.. .22 H. VL)D.LJ.:.J.EUJ.‘3 for C'- -- 39¢]. 3.1.0 2131.111 3:153 Sh “ff. 5. 2:10 Lathe-$314.01.; St A traiged nutritfion12t 51*1211 be ava ilabla. Such services may be 3?) e1 01 a counseling basis locally or r92+9P971y. I. 39 h aiult yEH‘UL COLubpu 9d 21th a preschool $4311 pre.;nt to tne cenLer an 9:2'91 written statement fro; a Qualifiéfl physician certifying hi physical healCh, attestin; to the absence of contaggicu1s or Lurmctiwv.3 “chx9 3 190?. um; Q tuberculcsis, typhoid 2vvcut ry all forms of venrreal riscases, an active m9lnria. The certificate shall also ShOEJ that W 2 person has bee n v cc ine ed for 9tull pox enfl palio. III. Haalth P0116119 593 T”OC-12TC§ A. Upon enrol“:‘1t each 01211d 3h? 11 prc.ert ' a " ctor's cnrtw“ic2te att-3tin¢ to inmanlzaticn ag;1duu 81311 Fax, dlph thiz-ria, polls, tetanus anfi wuuooin? cvu’h 622:1 90 the absence ‘5 o;her iltiocticns. B. The school shall p11 viide a form upon whicn he r"~1012n shall submit a - record of “t; :3 .223.“ s heal 112 19:3 220:“; , 1229;123:211222‘tion data, 8.211.. L229 filldluifi CI. tha ast medical examination. S44 :1 11y arrivale each child sLall be cd.tya I": 33 02 0tu322mhhi”‘“d persa“ 101° 59.922093 0.23 2302212.: 21 cold, 039.”: r $99“.-hb ifi9p-£.uuu, 937 SfiWptaflfl Of cougun492028 dis “ a»;.'u93:iLL Lealth. C. U)? ‘3) -V I -‘I','.-'I'"-l11‘ .Jb Ml. d . ... a L O o . ‘ , I , o I. .. ‘ \ ,. .' . ‘ .5 _ \ ‘ ‘ ~. ‘ n ‘ c l n - I V ‘ r _ ‘ ~ . _ . . - O - . ‘,. -0 I .‘v" . . a ' . ' 0" *n rz-‘v"-' '—‘+- I . - . . u _ ." . .7. ... --v- ‘0-“ r”- , ‘O -> . ‘ 3') '. . --- a V ., ._ ...... ..-—x I V. A I (L. ." - o . J . , g r. " dim"- -o'v-u.‘-- ; 7 . ._‘ \ . v ,. ‘ :_ . . ' y . ‘ Q J (‘1 ' , u 1 .' ‘ j _. ._ c ' . ... .1: l' V . _ ' n .. . ; ‘ ' I 2‘. \.' _ ,~A . ... a I. . ~ g. ‘- ... . . I . . ‘ . I .l ' ‘*‘ i - . ~ ' . .. ..Lo— ‘p '»4"v-v»" on 'l..'-.q ._ _ ' . . .. ) . l " ‘ -1. . . , . J 1 ‘ . -. g . .~O.-‘—< ..--p... _. -..- . _ L . v-n ' -- w. -. .e-w“ 115 Any chi ld showing signs of illness upon arrival or while in attendance sLall be promp 1y isolat3d and he at apart from the group ountil he can be 331C Lszo. In the event of. “ noun exposure to a coN*33 on diLLLLo the child shall be excluL.3 d 1rom tLe preschool for th remainin? norti:n of tLe inc Ibation pori od 633331 advisaole b3! tie local health an thoriJios. A child lmvi33 a physical or mental haLdicap which requires special care or continued close ouporvision shall be enrolled only with tha approval of the physican and the Load teacher. A first aid kit skull be provided anfl kept completely 3toL M‘s. ..A!” -- 0-..6vn Lat-A- 11; n... Ah. ... J. Lb ..-. i q :1 .- . . 3 1 r. . A. *a‘: (I L: t '~- {-1 C ry, C U, ..- (1 ’ '.: L .-. ’4" 4 -1 P- '4' 1" uL- ‘ {T'v . 0W. .LLV '3 Q art cf c; 73 CH; (‘2‘ 1‘? r! " ' .I-v‘»~ 7" 1.) 0] '3 LI. .5‘ '5; 7.7" , g.- -~*r~~~-7'r-\,r'l A ‘4“ MS“. ovided I ‘5" '.t. x ‘ 1 truct-m \ l D f‘ .' f‘\_ - K- -. 1 LL ‘ 3" a‘ 1% - ab. Cl ..A. ...- l o‘— {1 .L 1‘ 05.?1 1‘ l J. r1 ”d -& 0 t'r \v'C: fit C -~.\a ’ Y‘!’ v .... ‘11. 3...]. C’ .1“ E: 0T8 p1,"; .tk.’ / , _1 ' -':€ 7‘" ‘~ . ..' “_ . \w \J. t i.) 4. La :3 C al~ «L. t (2) ‘7» co .- I F1 -650 t I C... ' V \J KJ. ‘2‘. J. (J a . . {‘51 hot r t‘_ I‘S ’ 8 7‘.“ ‘ u 11? 3V to c €383 on .« a fa «(a «.1 . y reacn. asil can 9 12' f. :3 .-..1 "if C.. La...i..‘.. .L ‘\ - --‘ v--. “Tc-... “--.-—- ‘I' ‘ .- v... , ‘ -'.o . +--.. , - n.- V- “ -. — d ”-...-....“ "-Q- 'm” 117 8. i tfimwcrfi+“rn c‘ 63 - "3° h: 11 ha M:i£t“‘“01 tzzrrx. flout 122:3 1:1“? st :4. 330:;‘5 2 CI 3 fer3t from the floor qu:1tLa 01.-” r t““v“9L“r9 is bolsw'édoe h. TE‘Q Water Lani]. be firm: 5:. we .a-I‘ 537330531 @1101). has been approved Lg; tlra [maria .f 1:112:31122... 1. 1:; 35V“& 1.2-1 L2-1‘..-., U.t..:1sils 01" e. fozrfiz i... sLail *9 p;* 0vi:L a3. Flay fioozm _. . W a. The xylevz‘ooms 531...}.1 allow a 2313' LTgm of tLirty~fiva aqua.re £9 at of floer 3%:09 per cL.l : :clugiw - c:? b:tL~ r09:3’ lOC'IQrs’ . fi1\K‘-'$ ‘5021’ oil-2f 3o 5:69 phi-£1 Sle’agJ. _ A b. Timre 9.1.“- 1 be 5:. :23: 'n 1J1): of QC)- foot chrles of ligtt 1n o..11 :*rts “Etna :2!“ 53.3 30:19. L12? 530....1-{1 1); ever: 1:; :15. s... fi.zi1r.:‘ted no.5- -.1.e luLCLSOL' inght or 5-:riag. - c. ”in;10w apnxe ahculfi be nae-fifth ' or: are of the floor area. Low hfi zdowa a e rccaac~fiflnl so ch“’fir§? can 3.001: out and 11. at 12.2.17 0 {:10 in to benefit floor play. 61. atorrr’m (1) At the citilc'l's eye-level some 0? tLa v;ll space 0. the vva'cea.e“s 9.311 be cam;ose& oz Ofi'ih 51$ '“cSo .__‘_ (2) Bloch sLalvcs are 303.? Open floor stsco; rus:-.., tu'e-npcrt se"s, ELL collagc= mat rials on shelves near Latins; -. - 7. . .. ,. ..~. disLos on “~“LJ”" z..0 r SELL and stove ‘ 33L: 13a dis grm reel}: ... 431‘ l “‘.1;r13.iy taiml ..._.___. 0. Closed chJHrrl space should be auppliad Icr extra: 5 u;;li-:s. f. Urtar convenie Ily aW :ilz“loqto er CLIhPI, Lowe glay center, gnu acienc CCILLE. 1" So I v ”.1 L ‘ ‘ ”9*- ' ' : 0 v . a I’ . '5. ¢. —, s ‘wp- . I‘ ‘ N r n ’6 ’ ‘ m "CI! .i,‘_. .70 q ' r ‘- . _ . A o ' . . '_ . g .. k. I) 0 ' at)” .~1,.- o I».- Q..- . v‘ f M . \ . \— l ‘ ' - 1 i t i We“. --um\ .Ww ‘ I ,. ‘ "I a . ¢ '4 u . . a w . ' . l ., V ‘ ' A . . . ,v . v .i_’ 3 V. ‘ 1‘ . - v ., I n m . i I ' h . . ) l ' I 6' ( r .. ‘ J $ , r t ‘ 5 'I D “ "‘ , ., ,3 .‘.An ‘ .. 5", .5 . .1 h I ‘3' ‘- . ' ‘ i I . ' "'19-. u- . '\ ‘ . v“ I . ‘ l | v a . , . . '. 1' r ‘ .r I I 0 Q , .1 ‘ I A v A a . 4 . . \ . } ,3 t .. . L . 3 _ . - - ~ ‘ r x . t‘ ' ' - I. ' " *4. "u# (1) All f".,.er~..l¢nz:‘c shall be ' . stfirdv fiOVfiulé, and '|. o 'g f ‘l “. ~ 9’ ‘2 r J»: 3 J K H, ‘-'.. ~r~.\ _-".‘1-1,x irT'“ ”_l__‘. t {\‘J- I "" " ;~{ 8: 1‘s- "l (x L’ .‘ of- O- m-..“ (3) Yostujfi~t7mo n VHF‘fiW? 3v?*‘ig :7 11 Q g c ‘ ~ . v Q ,1 9 ‘Pt .‘0. ." - u - . ‘.Q. 1?. -. -. ." , _‘ .~ _'. .1 x. ‘ ...—CW” 0 J (L) Sables shall be «f varicus 9 f ‘ . l' * - ,- o~ Jrfig’ufi 93 v-MWLF' r-x "\ \ I 0 .~ d - ) 3 w J 1 «J O p h. Clothirr ctfirvrfi V -' ‘ ‘ - s ‘- n. -- a 4 - ", . .. Jr- (1) tuung Lay? t.e n-brpu,e c 'fl' ‘ . .1. ‘F J . v ‘0? °~- ‘J H U3, El “4‘4 L‘ ‘4'“ ‘ Li .'1., n". ‘>-E- t: .1 if ~-Lo-.$ ‘3' ' :1 ' at .‘ r‘ ¢~ \ {:r- ; ‘3'.) k,’ up '4‘ g. '0‘ .' .. ~ .V Y’s f. I' 9 L'-‘ D V i .u') a}. .p '\~ 1 :4 .... - - ‘ . ~..,rv v: r) .4 ‘0 J. 1‘31.) v3.3). ... ”‘.- (9 f ‘ . ‘1. f I . (9).; r .._ .' 1 ..., .r‘ .. w, ‘- A 52.5 . ~..‘ (... . ‘,.‘. ...; ... Q. ~..‘.:‘ o“ ‘ H. ;.\-'t.; A ‘3‘ ‘. J. ‘a]: 1:1 '7‘ {6' ’f F‘) ' 1". 3'\’} (‘V‘ A. " cf 2‘ a..- n (.7 - .-"\ :'. " a ‘7 A; .~ ‘ ..’3 ‘ ' N" dun “ \J "y 9 3‘4"“ "J 3" 3'" "“' ‘.M-f ‘ L 'v's' V (o’ n; o. o' n 9 if}. N" ~ I - A o n . ‘ ". Q | (v. ‘ . 1', - .A - x. J‘ b". _‘ 3'" , ._ a. '. « p 5, .‘ ‘.‘ 1 a . . . _ _ ‘ , _ . . w «vi-I ”0.:‘uh HO [A.. ‘- II-‘o W’ ‘0'.) ‘e' 4') '.‘. .Lr'; Y .1..:.& ‘o>.w—'-1.3.:¢?- .,... . .9. 1"": __ _ «Ll-‘4 .‘ U 1. Kr \. ‘. k' 9 -':.. IL . Q n . c ‘. ...? F. '- N} ' -~7. C' ' -_ '3‘ .3 '0 19! .I I"; .175 . . )i . 9. .0 n. ‘ It“ ’ . .f‘ ‘ ‘4; mfir C - Una " ins utkne'vu ...v... ‘.x.;....A.--z . wax. ..g. "I '1"; i- ’3! .f f.‘ 'n M» . ‘1 ..II 3 {j 6‘ -. - "- ’\ F: ,. 7 7 t‘l' ‘T - “.“0 1".'3': ' 3’- .3 ‘ ‘-‘ 'V‘ '.. " -"--o 6 ‘.1" v ‘.n" 9 "' ...: ‘ 3‘»; (:‘l . ,. '.....J,..._g_. VI” ... V ‘ n__ A (J‘ ”‘1 . 3" .’\ .~ q" V ‘ r ‘ M h ', 1H v-N .. '.~. . "‘1'5r“. . v1, .. nzn-rn‘ ‘ - — . . . 'E ‘. x 0' ~. ... (H- |.-‘-.‘.‘., b-5ca ‘. z..‘v ’1‘, C11". ‘i’__~.. kn}.- '.J if" Q- i ‘l-',,.- LB‘ t "3" :3 r "‘t 0’: v ~~ $9.. $5: ‘- . ~ ’ ‘ U /‘ Cv: v‘::- ’F,fi .3 h 'A‘ahl-l‘,‘:g v ...-1., n-L—u‘,. pua‘ C" 1.‘ -. . - V . i“ . \J n o1 «no Ma‘ ‘93- “ ...; ‘J ‘ .L G a ' V «.7 ‘5‘ . A-M,‘ ‘.A (v '- , 9-" Ms. ~.- 1‘" .‘\\~ «It 4': . .. I 3,. "m a . ~ (1‘. '- ‘ ' ‘ < « w ‘ ‘ - I ‘1 -. ~ - : . r I . ,‘ be" 4"; ~u¢£bb L" .1. Luigi \’ " tap".‘bl k‘ L l ‘3‘; .v" ‘ ‘5‘!“ L'.‘ i, “J: , 9.1,- n! - - ’ .' ... ’ . .1 :“1 n t . -." "- ‘ 4 r) ‘ h 1"I.f')1° ..“"' 'k ‘f‘r 'Za‘s"“'9’ 1w- .3. ... .- L—l {al.gifl. ‘. .r g) , r» 13" 01-: C \i .‘ .... v'.‘ ;. a...“ ' , '. w r» n 4' Lnfl - ..--- r‘ \ ‘5' ma: ~. s .' ‘3‘ 9‘" V‘ C ‘1 :1 ~13 - ' -- :~i Kh- ‘0‘»! U 9 oh. a. U ‘0' i ...... A w 4.4,. *W ‘y’lx ,xIK1 a. VJ“ v \,. vs..;f._,... . ‘ a. ”3’5 ('"v‘ f ”MW" "TC“ ".1-"'.4' ‘ Id bu c. (\‘dV’Cs-IS- 1o "“3 ':3.WT ‘ VJ 3.1. L3" £3..~.\.‘.1 ..1 . 7 a M , . -' ... . «r ., f~J$:~‘:‘T;-.;-...;/ CK)" ""“'$1£.u.€3 tn: L .C? :33. 31;..“1331 T: r. .1, ores, -: __. tgly.‘ I I . 'u — ‘L‘r- nos)“; *‘vfi’. If" CPL 1‘. ' \ ‘ “V. V‘; L“ 3‘1. H "g! a. * gift. zant" t .' a- I ~ -‘.".. ' .. ," .. . " '.. . ‘ ‘1 1 4? _‘ .‘ ... " ~ . - r ;' (w u "'01“ r\ .-,<¢' ‘3. ,4- ! ' '- a. . n, 1.“. wt ”31‘ “ht-14.33 41- UL? ./\-' .-.L 1.1.... ' . 1.1. .01..) {.1 Lu'. 5! a... -1 ..J. fng", S A..-131...}. LI "’ hail .i I "M. ‘ ‘ "A" ‘2 111’ ‘ 4' 3 "' 1.“ r'}‘."'~“‘.' rm" ‘; 1 "-. ‘5" ‘q! ‘ ' ,. w- n x“ ‘ ' ‘--~.. -. a r”. «-".' git-LLU .11 g-«t‘uu‘b. V in 3v” (--&4!..: flinging. .3. VJ b . lid... Q:- U V» a») z;'.-' .. «3.33 l 4 a '9 . I d ‘ ‘ . i A e l . ‘1 c I '- U 1 ‘- F‘c ' . . D I ‘I‘ . 'r . fir ‘ . . f r O u A _ . ‘ u l _, ' k 5 A .. ‘V ‘ . . I .' . ' J V -/ ‘0 0 .....H' ~ 4- mm .’,. ‘__’ ;~. I». _ ‘ G - O a... .0- . , , . .ui \ _ . 0‘ ’ . . ,. a - ~- .. _ .0 . _ ...- ~.. - I, \ . .-"'“"' l f‘. ,, J. I r _ . .' - , ~ to , (I 'y“ g .y.‘ ‘~.v ... U ‘ ~\~.¢un--~-*‘ '9 1" b v ‘ I . ‘ t _ ' -’ . .< ,. . . r ‘1 ~ a ~' > I § 5‘ .a“: b w."“"l n .r0 ‘ t" .. I\ y a ' ‘ub . t , ‘ , . . .. .A I h. l . ‘ 4 ‘. l t. ‘ ‘ -- A V. sequence for tie chiliIcn from day to day; is, re“ ‘lléf for res U t‘l"-'.L<:.tl]...r 515...), 1110‘]: 121 f the chiliran and r W1 :ct thf revfl‘rces of the environmen and the initiztiV0 of 1-3 teacher. Have variety of types Cf the fcllowi 5 cattjarics: 1. Indoor Play Centers a.‘ Great ve _____b. Physical 336 Ltr"e Enter H___ c. Drz 1.3tic anl Social ___~_d. Constructive _____ e. M .ipu :.tive ___n f. Books and Pictures .__”“ 3. Music h. Nata“al Science 2. Outdoor Fla y pr” alert ~___ a. GliEbing b. Swim; 13-13 ______ c . See-:3 523:.‘1133 _____d. Riding ____,e. D 331I3 (in dirt and in sand) ___3 f. W3 ts r p a? _______ go 1311113133 __;___ 11. Phlslzirf, i. PullL Lu3 ...-...— Jo Lifting Program The Daily Program: . A. Sha.ll have QVLIbe 33:]?rity, ,ith a 811113 what dgil; proalsion for play tin3, for oileting, for h;33-n*, etc. s=I Cficiently flexible so that c31.ildrén in grougs of 2 or 3 throughcut routiIe activities. 1‘ :for e:ting as-....- v‘ 7' u-9-- u ...-......- _ Qua. - gnaw... . ‘\ ' x...’ - - to 0-“- ‘ “fin Nit-‘4 .75. ...... _.—-.--s C! L .« ~p." ~— .. (I h- l W: .... - v u ‘-"h- v 4 v- 7.0.1».— a‘.-.4;.A ’I‘ «nu-«... C ;.., ‘-1‘4000 .- -- _- - G. Shall encourage ch11? Lron to accept re s; on i bility according to thair ca\aoi‘i.IIs f0 .thair own care and allows om5le time 50 or :his. Hal ‘5 f -.D. Balances indoor and outdoor activity} uoathnr perritting. 3. Given Opportunity for the child to worzc out . good M131 1391;110:3111” on his own lml. F. I: plannod‘to meet the ical, social """"" . . mum and amnion new or «of: individual child. 0. Shall provide for quiet and noisy act1v1t1.ea, ~ ~frae play, group play, and indivianal play. VI. gigggds or the following nature shall bo‘kept for each a A. Family Case Records . u... 1. Early and Erosant facts cozzcornin" tho , , family as base relate to the children's ' , center. _______, 2. amnlnun moon}: or contacts batman the cantor and the family. B. Personal Record 1. Medical Record (a) vaulopmental and physical history or the Child 0 (b) Records of all examlnatiors on: re- examinations. (c) Height and x:oight charts 2. Pro3 rose Record ' (a) C1*ulotivo recordsof physical, emotional intollectuel, and 300591 chorocteristlcs azd behavior.L 3 o) 3~ocifio proceufizroa planzcd in connection with the chi 1d' a moods and tho ros ults of plane. ___3__ ( (0) Periodic summary of child's progress at appropriate intervals. VII. Zeno-School Rolotiono A. Provision shall bo mafio for active relationship betweon parents aod tno school through: _.n.*-.'" ‘4... . ”A ~ V ‘~ ‘ ‘ ' ‘ 3 1 “ ‘I ‘ l ‘l U ,, 'N I “‘. ‘ ‘ . . ' A .- ' .‘ . ' r ‘ i. . J ‘- a .43 n.’ ‘p“ F” , ~ .- 0 “47.7 V .o 7‘...‘ ‘ r v i . h. ‘ .' ‘ ~. . . . h 3 ‘ . l u . . I ‘ . if I ' ‘ "" . . ,0 v .p . ‘L‘ “ .- . .4 n " ‘ , . ' - I . . I I ' , K “ . 7w . . i. I. L ‘ , 3 . N: v," -7..-.. L,- .' I .A - 5-1 “I ‘ . ' I i - u. a 5 ‘ u . r ' ., ‘ ‘9'00v1'7--I.‘~ / Q . .l I “' .r‘>~7- h . .. ‘fl 1 - ‘ - r V g ‘ . i ‘A D. 1. f0 3. \71 E) Q 3:3“31 contacts Spm ific apjointuents Home v15 its by the teacher an& by other momo=zs of two Sta. 3? after a cule's entry into p"os-“uoi. ’ ’ ‘00.'L ‘5’ '.“g'Y' "3!... P‘. . s " t LI. School Visits of n :2n.3 f3? OLSGIVRUlOn ‘I 1' ‘ of calluren's ac Encourcgomont of parent part: cwocti n in the przschoal t“ron"H mv -ic2, stories, children's part: as, toy rotairflflg, etc. Group mootirfo- talks loo turos films, etc. which interpret child devo; to; meat and discussions botaoon pa rents and tcacAGrs. Parento lurt133u‘tx n in orientatio n of the newly "I”, enrolled ckild sl;1ll b3 requiro:. uis may utilize techniQAGS m M M m 1. 2. .J 0 -. . 0- b'!‘ C’n '— —~ 4‘1'\ 1' -\ ‘ Lul Cufl-uzG.CbS WLLu tue parent before 1 ‘.-~ .' . . . J~ “1— -.-‘ . 1&8 CsaLlj Citbvl‘s Int-we 1, ‘cup. .9 . fl 4.. i . r b03033 one + 0 Parent remaining at school for a tigo with the child as in iiviiunl adjustment may require. t n" A bulletin board and a circ 11 library prov idod for staff an 1‘3 , C «‘.y ‘- - .- I n 7 . _, < . r- ’ ~ M - -.--n . I '3 ‘ ..‘ r“. .n a ‘\ ...- ....» . -..—.... "‘ -4vm~ “7 a“... - tun-0M v~~m..q~s~‘ I. ‘ u - . all-urn;- .- an . . , n- .‘i‘lo -~"‘ ... .a 'r __ ‘V ‘ w; 4...... ...-run appzrnlx III Im‘mz‘Q-‘f'j "Y“?! ’90 D “"‘."4'T1."'".§r" I Q? I: ' ""~“.~""“‘-"0" " .LLui 3294‘: .L --Li;;u4.'x.’;u3 kl; ...)..I.."q¢a.\z Lb} \ 12 April 6, 19c2 I am a 1959 graduate of Louisiana State University and an new completing my study toward a Masters Degree in Child DevelOpment from Hichigan State University. At present I am'itVing;in,Louisiana.whilo continuing work on a thesis roblem. Dr. Clara Sucker, Head of Home Economics at .S.U. is my local counselor for the work on my problem. Since there is a growing interest cud increasing need for preschool: in Louisiana, I have selected them as the sub- Ject of my study. I wish to focus on obtaining a picture of preschool education in Louisiana as I believe such in- formation would be of value in.informing the public of the importance of schools for early childhood education. It is my wish to visit a number of nursery schools and kindergartens in Louisiana so that, through observation and interviews with directors, I may secure-information concerning preschool education typical in this state. I should like to include information on such subjects as - enrollment, staff, health policies, housing and cquipqpnt, program planning, records, home-school and school - community relations. Knowing that you are vitally interested in this important phase of education, I would greatly appreciate discussing with you our mutual interests. Ybu will find enclosed a self-addressed card. Will you please indicate by checking and returning it to no that you will be interested in having a discussion with no. If so, I shall call at a later date to make an appointment with you. It is my plan to visit you during the month of May. Sincerely, Mrs. J.B. Shea 125 In . . A to . < . . . .-.,. . .3 ; .. . x .. . h c A s c . U J I u , . . a . , .A .. . a . _ v‘ u ‘.L’ .5 n b I.“ . . . ‘V. .- r .l . fin. . .. a . . . . l . ... c l o! v r . w . . . . a _ p . v . _ t ._ I . I . . x 4 . M. . r . i l .l. . . . 1. ~ _.t ... , ... .....c i ... I c .. D.I ... f- l o . .13 . . . .... . r‘ . . r .5... H . .. .... . ...A. . ., c o . o . . .3 r . . . r z .. .. . r a. . r . . . .I . . » ~ . .c a v 9v .. t . I. t. . I .A . 1 I. . I i h l t I, , . . . ...q. . aft . . g ‘ u . l 7:. . I .a an v A . ., . . A 1 . x n n . . o . . . L: to A. 4 . 4.. ow-\u - v . . .. . 1 I Al. - . o . . . or . u ‘ — . , . . . . Z... . o l‘ v . . . _ .h I. I 4 n I. _ h . . . o. . o . , U u. n r .. _ . v I ‘ . . v A . l . . . . . v < n w . . .... .h . o l . l . .4 . l c H v . .l . i u o . H , . a _ A . . ‘ . u . . A t a , _ o § - . I. .. N o ‘ \ . 9. .... 9 .. .vk . . . V.‘ . .. . O . quN 7!} .. . \ ~ , . . . . In. . . .u \ . v. . 0 v . , - . l A i v a v . . .. r c . . . . .l u , I ll!“ .l‘v U — ‘ .u cu .\ . A .. A. l\ a . n .n a . , . . , . , . . . a I : t . . I C u ; . - I 0. J . . . ( . . a _ .1 . . V 4 A ‘ o 4‘ A g . , w ~ . . n . \— . u l » I . I i, . I . y r ~ .. A l 3» Q i BIBLIOGRAPHY Book; Alschuler, Rose. Chilgzgn'. ggntcrl . H v Iorkx.Hh. Horrow 81 C00, 9 o Berson, Minnie P., and Moustakas, Clark E. _€g_%%§%_;¥ Wo No? 101' 8 as de 0 9 Christianson, Halon H., Rogers,.H; N., and bodice 818116118 A. L: '3 f? .' 'QL' . “ “{WQ} 1'. L1 Li? L and Learn ‘ I. c ; ‘ O!!! "m' . on 1‘ COO , Foster, Josephine C., and Mattaon, Marion L. Nuggerg School Procedure. New York: D. Appleton & Co., 0 9. Goldsmith, Cornelia. Good Education for 39383 Children. rev.cd., Few or : ew' or ate Counc or Early Childhood Education, 19h7. ' Waechtor Heinrich H. and Waechter Elizabeth. School. tor the Very ioung. Printed and bound in ;. .A. : Copyright by F.w. Dodge Corp., 1951. gggorta Association for Childhood Education International. So Yen Want to Work with.¥ggng_Childrgn. A Report re- pared By the Committee on Lursery Education. Washington, D.C. : The Association for Childhood Education International, June, 1955. Council of Chief State School Officers. Resyonsibilitici of State Department§_of Education for nursery Sohool and Kindergarten. A Policy Statement Pre- pared By the Council of Chief State School Officers. Washington D.C. 3 Council of Chief State School Officers, i961. 126 a. .Mq. [—0 1.1 127 . £3? _zztoj of L,1,fti .1. A Eolicy Ststcmont Erenared by t} o Counc ll of ‘Eief State Soho 01 Cfficcrs. Liesh1.ngton, .3. : Council of Chief Etate School Cfficers, 1950. Division of Curriculum and Institutiozx Cffice of Lien: .nL ry Education. “*e:,'r. for éIrrov l c-f Cl‘ldu ere?yt=3. A BQDOrt I'I‘G Drili‘li u] t‘. ejhtgLW—Te Cf L’ww Jeff-£56?) Department of Lducatio.. Trenton, Ion Jersey, 1959, Iéoore, Willi; Im‘féd 11.95""? ‘f'i:"?" (3‘? if“! ".91"? I: écgg. A Report rep cred for the Child “all: Ie Lerju of America. flew Yo .31: Child wolfer e Lergue of America, Inc., 1937. rational iwss cietion for Lursery Education. L.”:;:::meffl. E:r§g ry' iwccti“n A harm rt Irerc“ Ly cue Iuiii- ostio u] Cctuitteo of the Lntional ”egrcisti .n. is? Mrsery Lducatic n. finest3n, hhode lfilflLfi: 3I2tol £530 MCI tion for Nursery LC .cntion, 13;?. Irrioflforl Iiilstroolh Y aren. "The Study of 31:3t3 3:“33 r23 Staff I irerents for ”ursery 3: ?M) J3", 333 3"v3r51 EC 1.? . ‘ “"~‘- ~O~~o¢-—'.!. f: '71.? 1‘12}: 11.1.? \lcntivt‘. w, 42.“, re. 1+ (::121:3_rr’ 1/0») , 31 - the. C‘ '1 ""‘Fn-._‘ . . O I ‘ V . ‘0 s . a r .- _ . a I ' u’ d\ , " I . _ > ' ‘ K ’ . b _ ~ - ‘F ‘J— ‘ . — . . ' . ‘. “ x "‘ ._.: ‘ ' > ’3 ' V ' | i " .r ‘ - . . nu . I - F R A- _ v v. . .. l . ‘ 9 f . D I I d . ’ . ' v ‘ l - ‘ u ' K ‘ - r x . §.. ~ “ i \ . , . ‘ to --.. — ... ‘ . . I . 1 ' I F‘.-. ‘ r _ , ‘ ‘ t . - . ' . o I . .~ 1 .- Q I -. 3433:2333 arm: 333.33 15353 mono, memom: I'll. A. ‘ 1963 Shea, Jazmis Breeden‘ A Preliminary Investigation of the Need for Compulsory Approval of Preschools in Louisiana MICH‘GAN SYATE UNI IVERSHY UBRAWES \\‘73~\“ \\\ \“\\\‘ \”\\\\\ \\\‘m\ '\ 31293 0257