-...as..1\.- .1‘ J‘\;._u 2:3: ' 7 . A . __::_:;_: Sitiéf UBRARY Michigan State University m.m4~ .——..:-.~i,r .7 ' "* ' - ._. .. V PLACE IN RETURN BOX to remove this checkout from your record. TO AVOID FINES return on or before date due. MAY BE RECALLED with earlier due date if requested. DATE DUE DATE DUE DATE DUE 2/05 czlaerC/Dateouejndd-p. 1 5 PLAN B PAPER Nichols, Kathleen M. .4 I) ;r| v D '1', CUNTENTQ INTRODUCTION CHQPTER 1 - QN OVER VIEW OF RAILS TD .-4_ 31 I) r--; r- [1‘ Railroad Rights~of~Way a5 Traile Problems in Achieving Rails-to-Trailg Conversions Two Hey Isaues To Rail COHVE"SiOfi Lack of Notice Remed j. (-35. Beef (are the I . C. C . Seer: ti cm 8 (d ') and the CC'rTrfl'si 9351 on Concluaiun CHQFTER E RHILS TU TRflILE IN MICHIGQN Whgr Treaxles iriifiic91igeww? EI’. i C'tfr!..!r”r":.'i C 1 mp in? t. Benefita * Hietoric Preaervation and Educatimn Ccrmatrairvtb CGHCIUfiiUH C‘r-ié‘fll' '1: 3 E9517" 7 L E ELF-EEK - {it‘d EXif-‘rT’iF-"L..E Ci? Lli-éERR Fi‘ri‘fiiii. CDNVERTED FROM fl RAIL LINE ct Ifiackty‘ocwnj Project and Property Damage D‘che‘er Cit. 1c- arid T heir F‘rratzzlerrrs FLt'iILIFE: of the F‘ari: [hmxcltusigu HQPS road Rights~urmway flcquigition Plan #2 "actl; Creek Linear Park I l'" ) V“- : r"- C. M U: ‘4 u t; :‘v BIBLIGGPRPHV £2 *-* {,3 f} D‘- _ Hymn. M -.'- I...' ._.I I. 34 "Draileaiare tuna 0- FBCVEfitifififil FESOUPCEfi. in bad: al_u3 inciucmrwgiwihiflg, bjkjri ear: rti C; {an car 3.! G? ear t: i awe-3 hunting;v Eifihinq and ca carcentraiimn, diaperee an" i ear 1:. rat? a .. {4-} r r a. 3': 1 arm t that’ “3110 surpriaxmg a '--. .. - .. . .......' I. I14 3:: v 3:! .i. 1.3ng 3,211.3 .. l i r U3 {Ogtering a matjonel tr hat CflIJT +Wr thfi Efitflb Ei’ 13r33aun :"eeaer c3¥ trwe: Piarti . . .. . .... _. .i. '1 . -. .'.. ...' mar tz.‘ r 22"Hi’.-.9'.-':;‘.t y 1L“... 1:1 L. (111.3 L! $121 Th6? CH1 thi purpmee 1. ‘Tu cucoudwje émq mvgrv movement through a haw the INTRODUCTION 'L‘ h t? UN 1 t E? (:6 tecwnal 1x3 {I} x I . . I They ”IF" .1 i ‘CJ A d typa a? ide r1 cs ruaticmn, tr .. a w Bic-11. ..A ' 'P (:1. l .L t: I l F.’~""ii'?'lE-E' I"! L an“ in artdcujr 15 :1. — l‘ paper" ieW 0? the diECUSEIDH 1 F' 65. gmalg 3"" Cr 7' f" £24. r-- .. C.) L beet Emu“afitmm:k .. ,- ._ . .‘ ...r .... L” L: V J. Li I.-.-_' They rucn¢ewnen1t cz'n‘c; “ ......' _..- ; 31.3.2312" {MEN Order '3'. 1"" E361 EL threu f”: 0% (5? a atefi of riding? E! C. C E: ‘35.- ‘13 +acilit rficreatimn 1;; .3 L.) t . .J -izu J. .' .-.‘... 'l . l. .L L!- l-rJ. .( their banJfig trai mmgt T in‘ y air a mu} ti -p u. r p (:‘3 s“:- r. «:3 U i ate th convert .— n I: -_ pg la; . .- pre=erve .‘L 3:33" ' i H. 2-; rai gma met '1 fiigniEicanc Gutdour in nature, not ‘ l~c~ n- CI {31.3% activitiefi, E. 3:11 1 mg , 1-33.31 t =3.t:i ]. :23 -F C: r Fed CHE I RN at is much Bought umuaed -d1nqlv hardly hag bewwi fict“) I. i t: 5’ 3.r1 the 'Rnrirnarfiilyr rnear' t0 utilixme -1 Cl! i i_.| r“- 5". :J ‘ 3. 3:; r E? samur c: :3: {I 35 t0 trailfi 15 éuwd tnrcdnlewus amid and their prablemg "‘3 .I2. I T0 invefitigate the state 3? Michigan raila to Lrailg rr'ic3\-'e;3rn53n‘t. as.- an 69;: ar‘ripl ess- m‘ the: [3023.1 1: i 3/333 EC: Derfiii c: pQEEibiliti&55 in termfi 04 increaaed monetary benefits, that arw available to stataa. TO deacriue the City of Battle Breek’e, (Michigan) Linear '11. F'ar 33:: as an i 3 3. 3322.1; fc1_l «3n (Inc th =3 p 1 an n j. n (:3 and impl e-n'iearst at 1'. on " pracgga undertaken, 3% WEI] 3% the Sncial and economic hr. iti~(fl3flHEflJted ovitrr a 13¢33er {marka II -I __,‘ - [I .L C H (’33 F" T E F; C] N E MN JVEF‘ VIEW CW3 RPiILS TU TRiC‘iILS F1 F3 I LRD .3331} F: 13‘. [-3 H T 33' “(3‘ F "-35.3533 "("13 5’4 '3 TR F3 I I.-. E' Fitz-3.1 1 r7 (3351' r1 (gght53.-~c:v~F -w.5‘(3.35:. (HUM .3 (7:53.355:- 533: c1551 Ii e-nt traii J 53 . 1‘" ‘ne-y .‘Li53'i‘:.(-.‘;3c3 323:: mean. t: (15-3 9:35.115; «:24 three Trad. 1 55‘ (”act and "a“ 53. r (7.3 i (:3 57: 573.1 1 3.3 ~.'.—'.- :i. atcurdnnnly, tne racreatlunal neadg of tha Nation. Convereimn 0% 53:535.: 1 r: L (:3 75.: r 53. 3'. 1 5‘5. 1-35.35” vie-3.3;: anmt‘. I'm-:33“ v.-.‘-3 ."r. 3.3. -3 £13] 57:3 95.3.3175“: .557; first: 511 'J v 533:3 .;-;-3.r L. 4 r" urn pr (-3 3. Ci 53. i 33.7.] 5 (1? 3.7.? 3. t: i 21:3 rs 5:3: "5 r 55.: r" 55-. t i 5:333:37: 1 r 5-57~3n..3.‘r‘ 3.“: 57-:- 55. .._ n 533733523] 3 ., ti 355‘- c. 3::inr (Ir-73.35: .i. can (733‘- Lit“53(35754733337‘1:57.31.13can «:(rzer :i. (13:133-755. -F CH“ 463.33.: 3.3.3" 31—:- (.(5‘5: 5 i H II? I Lid ;( i": 3;] {1. i; 3.13”" g:- r“ a]; ] Lt ~11 5“; . yin-:2 magi“: i ”(11.3.31) 55.3 (7.3%? ‘l‘ '7 -ni5 pmtwntial trail: regource 19 a ¥uuctiow Q? thfi 5339 Q+ the United Btetea rail 5y5tam and ita -. -. . - . .. ,.. ,. . .... .- 7 3-. 3....- .. _. r'. .. -. .‘ . .-. .. .. . ‘ . ‘ ‘ .. - . r -:.-‘ L tr. (.3‘7‘ ciL'cii(1-3!...l'lfntfifliLn rt! : LI: 3.1 J3... 5:15} :3 5.-5.-.+.,E;z':-.. 3 523.11!” Dcttj ‘:.- y:- Lt- m 1 re] 11153.3}. ' 1 ammnr153d game 25?,000 milgg a? riqht5~o+mway. Tnia 3y§t5m iE "I‘ (35-7. ('13:; 3.53.1.3 (ar‘ir‘L'ltar‘irerj 5:31: 53 r 53*“ 7‘ «:3? i2 , CI ("‘3‘ 313 turn ._':. ., 3.333.373?! mzi. 13:53.: (35.33" y 5:53.33 . t n— - EVE. 3.3.5.31 571-. ac: '5. mirror} 5:533:35:- t heart art-@555. iI-r‘i5‘;~-tr‘i :i. r (.1 (3+ tl'WE'FE-EI? mi 1 357.3 5. -- game-=- 3.1333573 titri 3. 331333323 mi 3. 55-23:; (33:33" 33-«3 5333:3331»: i235:- (33:33:53. 3.57.31 57.3 1.7 (Lu-7‘ "(573.171.5rne‘3‘t1i-53 H II twee; 53.77151 ., i n (:3 e.- (55 3:1 . 'l‘. h 57:31.7 7i: ins-3.3 r .1 (:1 .371 1.; 53mm? ~wc-x3/ :i. n tin-3-11.1 (:3 n c: Cir‘:.C:~: U. tct‘c 5~ 3.3.(3 3 ($93.35.- r 555533343“ (.7. 557.5:- (Mr-(1.533 3:1533‘731“:c:3‘l:. 3:37.») r (-51:31 53.3..." (5.7.3513 it ‘3? 13:35:53.; , particst31air-“135’ in urban antLingfi.” W725.- i rrr(:.3(::«i7“Liz-"ice:- c.3314 r 573‘}. 3 ("mad Rim-.5 {77:53.55 not. (1.3::ur7i5 Llf‘ir'" (-757 (33:; n :i. :7: 353d 1 n the Traila fiat. In +3ct. the Trail& Hut Etates that the Commerce Cmmm3§530n (I.C.C.J, th& body that regulatya f'!’ Intwratat - - .' ' ._ .J- ." 513.1 3. ([14:13. : Lu .- mugt camperate witn the Secretary 0% the Interinr 3:3r7‘(::%5;-r“' 1.13773 13‘355533'75: ., tr.) 1.1.3153 (3.3-: 3-533731; 533753311“3.515.773.3315:., that any (abow’c c (:3 L337:- 4. aharmkwnmj R.O.EL) lnave valtmflssa41tahle {cw inwail purpcafima may he availahla {GP SUCH age.“ (15 U.S.C i 1248 (h)? In thlm reapect the Trails Act i5 taking a Etand ¥Qr R.U.w. in many cases thia stand 15 the ba595 far legal contravergy. FRUBLEH8 IN REHIEVING RhlLS-TflnTRRlLS CONVERSLDNS Unrmrtunately, in mmat ingtanuea, efforta tn canvert a railrnafl F.D.N. tn trail use bagin only after the railroac u- ! fi (13 £13 (I: 03 the R.a.w. 15 abandnned. fit that Etage, the I.C.C. doeg not have jurignictinn. The right—Qf~way is generally cantrclled 5mglu§ivelv bv atate law and by lncal pnliticg. (ijor enamption i: diapngitimn 0+ 4ederal right-D+~w&y grahtg $§12). Under the law 0? many gtatwa, a Failrmad R.G.H. which wag furmmlly cuntrnlled by a railroad mneg bzck to tha adjatent land owner whswx‘the r5yiilirm3 i5 run lnnqu“ 151(459. (flaccwwjinglyz, e¥t547 1h5wufinnnwfi(t 5Mfid ifl15-r"&wwm“§ignv h5w1k tcu th53 lfiffljthWFF95 ‘then li1w25r integrity 0% the R.ann 15 ln5t. and in mnfit C5555 the legal 5113537101 3112:. 1“ r7 5::- 3.7:: MIC-"F2111 "y l 57.31:}: th (17- p 3713 w (:3: r" (11-? 631731 nan t (2303:1531 (7": t; 3:7) g 531' n acceeg tn the right~05wway {OF recreatinnal use. Thfiffi navy hven attempt5 to nae thé I,C.C. azgiatanuu tn achiewm a trailgwcnnvarsion. Sn {fir it hag bean very {ruetratinq -fnr tlme‘trail efllvnceflna5. 'The 'Wnnnpewewtinrfl’-{rcmw‘th5-I[,C.CL envifiinned +OF trail purpmaeg had generally been viewed a5 a failure. For examplw, thare 15 a cmnflict n interpretation 0+ the Trail% #ct DBtWEEH the I.C.C. and thnae who wiah tn convert railljhes to tralla. Under thP 1983 amendment to the 1¥57 Natinnal Trailg flat, the abandnned trail land is to be convertyd tn recreation trail U55. Th5 I.C.C. intgrpreta the amendmhnt ta IT." mean only that the public can ask a railroad to allow trail may at market purchasifig ratat. Broupa whm want to build trailfi an r!“ the Fight5—0+~way interpret the fict 0 Say railroads must allow trial age if the managing grmup can aggumc all of the C05 5 involved in maintenahce of the right-Qf-way, 1.9. taxes, liability, and 50 on: Qhuther example propused by Fail-trail advmuatag i: that 0+ Fail 'bahking'. Hbandohed rail line curridora are put intn a 'rail bank’ {Gr interim trail uge until 'they 2w: (ENC? Efififlflfl ugemi (w? their'CMWiqihal runwafige. Eflxt the I,C.C: hag ruled that railroads can re+uge to ’bahk abahdahcd car" r" :i. do: :5. . 53:1; f;vr"'£3:::.e-.-:"u _ i‘.l“:£-;'-r'“e aw £9 4 (aw-463:" 1; hair: 3. :3 V :31 w": t. ('13-. r‘ y ' raj l. hamhihg’ agweemehtg under law, accovdinq cm the luguC. TMH KEY ISSUES TD PfilL CQNUEHSIGN Uni-152.?” a l l. , tl‘irar :5..- ar” :2. t wan L: 232-; i 22554469 :5 '1: C! th E? r" a. i. l t «:3 t r“ Bi 1.23 convngion prmhlem. The {irat ifi a lack of hatice pertaining to wLuww rwailfis art: atmmwdcwnnwnt1.ancl thé? Egnzmrui iii tlme iCfifiMlEfiEiCfllS heaitemce to provide vigmrmug Fémecf LRCH OF NSTICE :he rivet prmhlem faced by a gtate or local agahcy: or a private quahizatiahv which is intereated mhtaihinq a railraad RUN {or public age, is t0 +ihd out if an ah2hdmhmemt pruceeding i 6: i_tr“:::ie:-rr"‘c«:a-,. , avail i 24' the-3r: e? i. 2:, er'wjugfi": 1.: 2’: me :23 {5:393:11rug-{Lil l 2,! par 1.: i Ci pate-1v. {imp Min-:2 i IT:5:.1;:-_=l y‘ om: t hi r' d of r" 2 i. l «3:: midsummer: t art-2: 230" call ”exempt“ abanduhmentg. Thefie exempt abandonments come in two L s:-2:.:§. c: V-E(?"l el: 1 £395: nal- i i; i Erma-(:3 222:: empl 1 (4:32:52: and noti CE 62>: 62¢me t i. whiz: . Patitiomed exumptianfi are ad hmc in nature. Nmticed exemmtiana p r cm: and i n accusrdanc: :32 Ni t h 5;) {eczi a]. regulation. Particularly with respect to the get: no notice of tho abandonment until it has only remedy availahla i5 to petition to reopen within twenty days: for the: condition. Twenty daya i5 local agency to obtain the neceaaary, much luaa prepare and to file invoke I.C.C. aaaiatance in {naiaring a trail “I*E'9§Ll. .. H 5.1? '1'! ..‘v’ 2::-12:": 1 n abandnnment proceedinga, twain-22:21: Ia. c2}. tr a i 1 2.1.2: '2) p a2" ti c i 9:: ant :‘5 i 22; (1: on 2F (-15. i. n «1:; .. +iral inkling that a R.B.w. mavba abandoned i2 1' H . L. - . .. .' -- .-'. _- .-. ...... ... . ' .. .. -. -. ,.- .. -. :1. ..- . 1229 r di}J'LMflJ: bywatuuu t 12mg ch” an”; a2: a ia to he done at least {our montha prior anppoaad Il’rl..- Nutlfle i5 Eerwad at certain spaciliad atata agen "a \I: ---~' I, 04-?" :' ..-:..« and a notice- (in the: 4:" or m (.215 (I‘m " and 0-? ca «3222232121 c: i. r c: Lil a t i an i b " (1‘: ll: puhliahafl in a I"! (a? W S.- {3 2?}. [J E? l" transvarawd by the ling. laaat 15 but no mar lZl‘n-E‘ at:..-';:.:"'-.«;l::u':me2r': 3:. a ' ;«l i 2:12.21: :i. on i 5 f i 1 ed the 9 :2 l.£.“ with a ”notice of intereat” ann L, . ... t. lea—2 ; 4;: 022:1; a weal: for t h 12:22:22 w "eke: i. n a n 2.2L-422pape-z Circulation, in in eafih tranavaraad '.L' g: (:oLu:t5/ Ur- -{~' o r" t u .r2 :2 1 ~ - .- 1 (7..., J “I“ I; 1.8.5. in 1984 stopped ita praitic acl'v‘i 232.11g: lilflL‘JV-l p¢-~og"n:.2ne2nl:s CH- puhl ic: LlFi-E? (.24.: notices-2 Nu qnnawad {mytica CW tiny actual providad. although it moat he on certain agentiéa. Gaping of the ampli only try wrilgflwg it“: railrWQad. proviainna out lat been +requently totally inadequate +or authorization the plea t h 5:5:- n at i c; a g i v'en For: “Category 1 Li“&- railroad 04 by the aha—:2“: clonma-nt at: pl i cati on specified lined in I.C.C. tar , thta2 pub} i L. granted. The the proceeding pl..:rp<3-:s::—2 «:21c impcusimg public use a an d c c: m m i t m r- n t : ding required to L": ‘__( (zorvxarwsiCN2. to C: l‘ l E? thirfig, n. k... _, iricliiaicjn :in ” Thi —I to abandonment. and ciea dgamn”ipticwil r2 e:22c:l2 Cl'ltlfl'tle 6 than 30 dayfi must pidili.a?2 ii: 2d; general line. :2.- viz-1c i n-F nrmal l x 7 OF intent. i S: I -.. . - ..... ‘n J -t d L. 2.. cation ganorally may be obtained or conceivably {ram the Comm aaiun. 1 Dnte an application ie iiled, a traiim proponent, under lCu e rulee, nae exactly JO daye to {ind out about it, obtain a copy. aecertain what muet be ddne and how to dd it, obtain neceeeary Clearancee and authdrizatione, prepare a “eepoise, and mail or otherwiee deliver it an that it ie actually received by the , agency. Again, thie doe: not afford much time to the trail advocate. _- REWWEI?1?E€ iiifitfliu ”VHE l.£3.tq p: c::' 'l r. -.. . l" :._ t. 1. "r. T" ._ .. T" to .. .51 -1. - f .1. -. ‘i 1 e. :2' .3, - J-.. F37" . x -3 c: . ...l l" ' , .7, .. 't. . ....._..-t..lm.. it; L I- - -ait. r..|f L..v,..v._.vht.l‘l .- (.J Lt cl... :9 LL“- r 62..-..-1 \c.-, fIL .-1C.r.. ., (.;J: J- I act; ira _i{fi@. flfuj aweeiwa lilo 55 pliaatflwig r ecuiirtmnerd;e, 'th62lientt queetion ie. what can it h op e t. «:3 ac hi em m n figadJi, un+cymtunenialy, timn‘e jig fltwve CCHTFUEHIWW tlian eniewewwa tai‘th'ss dtmmsticni. ”he I.C.E. hae broad general powere. flowing from its 2e_.4.'i:tu_"3r i113." to regul akin-'3 r a i l. aban d on men t 2?. in t h r pub l. i C. 11"ster"e~::st ., 'to {CGJJA" rail-rto~trenii convwmwaieneq fl hey'iI.C.Ch (jecieJCHi in iflfiie rwegarci ie‘lhirlirmiterilflnrtlwerrt Incn. ~ adnandcwnmant Efiatwemni Fremont and Henmdre. King County. Naehindton (Becket HQ. 2238 - IZIr"‘s'_"lv.=.-2z-" (serve at exp!" i l l 2’3 5 1‘ 9723?; 32 . In th e. t czaésze . t r a i l advoc: atee réeruieeytewi iihert 'ttwa {inunnuiessiiuri iianJee= ccanciiiti:m2§s Lincni eui abandonment in order to Secure a R.D.N. for public trail uee. 1e: C'Tc:u'«"en‘.-i :. on t on}; t h F: p (.21 ti on t h a t i t coul d not or d e r a trane+er {er trail use without comperaation, it did enter an ordem :HW eeeente taunting cfliwmmaition {CW'LMM”DDSE% cdtmn” than publi: uee {gr lfifichfisz. find it further provided a mechaniem td set the amount of conpeneation ~ namely, bending arbitration 0+ negotiatinne did net prdduce a purchase agreement in 90 daye. a I ’4 4455 4:;4::44Tm41 5:5. 4:51 cm 5:. 1r'4f'45-5r'5-344'4't'. 54534444545" ' 5:4 4: 42444453531 «:54. 4.15.4155? er 4‘ 4:1:4r"' J.. public uge wag furthfir cmn+irmed by the United $55t95 Court 0% App-5:44.541 4:4: 4? 5:44" the F'J'. rest Ci 4"4':4_4.i t in reed v . Mesaeer've (10') 487 F' . 2 " 644:5 (let Cir. 17???) ., aft. ’9, 35543-1 F". Sup. 141 (D.N.H. 1973‘) The:- (IOU r" t I'm-:4]. 4:1 4.44544. I . C: . {II . 4104.4 1 4:1 V541 1 d1 54' candi ti cm an abandonrnezeew 't 54:: as t 4:4 Cii x445: pr"5-'.4+ 5.44" 55.444 4:: 5:- 110 a. {.4 arch 54.554154r 44.444 5:4 4444:4541 (.4 5255455454 t he 4’ i (35': 4?. ”0+- - 444454. 1 mt 54445.1; + (544" :4 4_.4.t:4 }. i c 4. 4.535:- . F4344" -.:-: 544444141 4:- ., 1 4'4 tin: 55 (1545552 4.4-4"- 54 gaze-m i c: r‘ .541 I] 4" 5.45.442! 3.4.4“ 524'- 5—424" 5=;-r'4c:. 5:. 444435.41 d be: 91 4.55:4 t C4 c;44"'44_'~4 444' 4‘4 (:4 4444.44.41 4.1 3545455454 1 t i 4": 4.- 5.4.4:: 3.: .. The F :4 4" 5 t Ci 4'" c; 4.411 t ’ 55. r4541: 4'. 52454514,]. 44445.44" 1 4145' r5353 55 5.4 Li n43 : " E? 544.5444 5.1. i n 5:44:55r‘4i 4;. F544 4 F0545! mi (.4441; 55-55 t 4‘4 5.44.4 g 1'44 to cantribute mugh more to EUCH (natimnal trangpmrtetimn) abjeutiveg than usea that wmuld r5fiy4ire ilna tVéWflhfi and rdwfl7t*O¥-wmay’5 tx3?39 515555514" 04,4 55-555 . T 4':- 54.45.55 455mb 1 45-4 54 r" i 4;; 5'4 '5. "414+ -wa4.4,4' .1 .4"- 5'4 r4 jcmnree5d(ug]y pcnu4105w5415tiCW4 i5 rm: lfiflflmfl' ginnxle. Q SidWfiify 0+ fundg amd the adver » cahgequencag u+ 5'5 5- 4.- 4:44;-4 4445454 34' m4..4'l.'. 4214.4" V4554"4;L4:1€555 5544..45'_;4;]554 5:1“. 5'4 that 4554.54.11 45445.4,4' 4445.4. 44' 55445445445547.3543! h 54. 545: 54544-451 €54i 1'. her" ~F 4:44" F541 II 4" 4:45:53 '55 (:44'" -F 4:44” r" .4. 4.344 4115-..”; --v..45'4 4,4 414545544" whi Cl'4 't'.4'44.'5.4\,- !‘1-54V55- D441 .5 ’r... . 4‘54 44' 4:.-44.::'44;:-.'-4r" 55.1 51-4.'Tg_!4i-~“.4r:4:;4,-' C 1154.4“ 5:45.441 w :4 4‘; h 4:45-4:51 4:541 4'4 4:4 p45. 4; L41” 1.54554 trmnfiumrtatjwn policy d05$ not averstfiw ita 5.: 4-4.'-. I 44.4: .4 ‘4' 4," w?- 5.."5'4 i "t. pr" |J.L"4€tl'4“..1 '4; 4.4546544" 'L' 5': i455.- 5.. 1.41.4 mg r4 :4. mi 1: 5: 4.14454, 471475.45: 4.4"54411'4; i 43.444 ":4" 54541 1 5.4!;4 4'. 4.54 tr"45:..r‘453p4'.:4r"’t. 5.41;. .5 4.1444 4‘: 41.44"” 4’" :4 44 5414'“ 5; 4.45.4 4'455.'4.'..c:..34-.i r4 4:41 y at“ 5.45:; '1'; 5543;! 5144545544" (54945453445544. 4:.4 4:— 54 5:4" 5'1. 4. 4.:44'4 53 a " 8 'H :54 4' 5:45.54]. 4‘. r”'(5-54.4':.'3"'44'.-44.'4 i n I ,. C . Cf . 4351' {447.4 5.4.45-4r4'i. 4.15.4 .5 55- 4445-455. 5:: 414415 :4 1'" i 5..-.55 1 4"4 554-5-4174. 4.51444 473.074" 4.. 4:. .4 (:41c 1'; {'45.- F4154 1 1 {414544.}. $3.3455vi t 54.1 '4 .4: at 1 4:444 554.4451 P144554._;;5.4.1 54.1.5.4; y 4395+ 43:.‘4r‘ 41: 574511.". 4:443 1’75. ( ” 4 F343 (345:5. " ) n (134-? U. E4 .. 4:, i" I? 4.199434% . T h :i. 5.: pr"c;4'4...4‘1 55' 4 4:45: 544.4'U4Qr' :4.."4'54d 5 . C. C). , 5.45.4044 r"5=.44.'.4.4..44'-‘.-.4-'.5*..1 , t4: 55541; 5.44" an 54.411544" bar'r' :5 444.4 54 res-.1 f4. 4" 054411 1" .4” (.4444 di 55454454541 mg of 5.4. R . C4 . L—J . 11 5.44" C41: 4544.4" 4547.544": pub} 14.: 4.4.5545;- +4:4r" 4.4.574 1:54 1. $34.4 (ii-.4345; 4-4(‘41 44:, t:}'44:~:5- F; .. C .. N" is 0151:6534" 454414 #4544“ 54.15:” 4.45552 4.1454 "4‘52;4.-i-..5.-5.c4r45.41.4155 t 4475444545.. ” I. I. C. 4"4554-5'554‘tf'4el E4554 c1c144"44:'.'55-5'4“ 5542;} in F4 Chicago awd Nurth Weaker” Tramapmrtatian Cmmwany ~ Abandgnmint BEthEn Clintmnville and Eland, NiEconEin, that it lacked QUWEP to fEU wire a Cd.Fl€f to EEll 1tE RnD.w. +mr public purmuEEE. {353 I.C.C. ?75, 9?? (198? r. \d' N:- . ThiE dECiEion, which drawg nu support from legiElative hiEtary and renders largely worthlEEE the language ahaut ”FEEEOnEblE tErmE“ in thE statute, fliEE in the face of the comm1EE1unE awn actions in Hing County and ignQrEE thE ratimnElE 0F REEd v. HEEEFVE. Althmugh the correctnEEE a1 ILC E Eurrent viEw Qt SEctien 809(E) of tn: flat 1 m thuE very much dEhatEblE, the buttwm lihe 1E net: Ell a trails ad- 1‘; .E can IUrr &“Ht Expect {row the CmmmiEEion UHdQF 809(E 1E FJ .(‘ "ILJCCL ”1 an urc;E! barring d1EpEE1t1hn a? thE R.D.N. far 3thEr than public The Lumr13E1En under itE current ,..m ‘l d .. LL "1 Lk‘ “I I} ' I use {CN"“ at mmEi, viwwfi lflhh«t bE rEliec upun ‘e camnEl a public uEE t”amE¥Er UHdQF the DFUVlElDHq E1thEF w1th QF without FEEEonablE compenEEtimn. ThiE lEEVEE two mfljOF pwuhlema {EV trail: EdVQCETEE. F1rEt, tuuuur many rEilrEadE haVG done their utmmEt ta camperate with 1:11:1't.=a+nl:.1 '31 p; 1-1131 1 1:; t..«x.-:u.=.=t~::—' .i 55:11:16.? ha. v 1- , f w" whe Ever” r'EaEan ., bI-EE'H I unwilling tCJEEKLl thE H.Q.PL 41M“;mfljlic uEe +cw ea reaEunEEEErEEMH ! PutEmtial public UE41; hEVE thuE bEEn thwartEd in attemptE t0 Obtain tne 2.0.H1 Seumnd, whatEVEr ICC'E attitude with FEEpoEtt to facilitating {d31”lr"fdll CQV:VErEimnE, thE agen(:y’ E autf1ari ty ClEwaly ENHJE upcwu EutfmmrizaticMI 0% att:a drmnwdnt. Una}? abawmhmwmentx 1E e¥¥EEt1VEly authurizEd? the quEEtiEn at whether thE railroad R.G.E. 19w uuij1'thE emcepiicw1cy€ federal Futth esti jE»: t to 43 U.S.C.$?JE, a mattEr Q{ EtatE law. Much railroad R.D.W. 1E held in thE ¥mrm o4 ra1lroafl eaEemEntE wh1ch upen abandonment revert t0 EdjE t.Eht promErty awnErE under EtatE law. Once reviEion accurEw 1}”? linemw“rty Dt tine R=G.Rh 11: IQEt amuj the prciflmana 9...; -\ N‘- E45555: Dc: i at Ed «41 th FE" a: 955623.1‘414‘231 1 my t h 4, "i . [Ii .. DJ . 4.3 r‘E'cgu.4:-:5rit3 y become- inEurmoumtahle. ThEEE prmblema have not game unnoticed. A key legiElative FESQUHEE t0 date (Oct 1986) 15 mamifeat in Section 8(d) of the Trails act, (14} 1&U.B.C. $134?(d). 1,C.C., after prolonged delay” iE HOW in the DFQEEEE 0% implementing the new provision. Baaicaily, the Commieaiom providEE a trail advacated the cng:3;3c:4e""t4.,m i t 4 t4:;4 (JESS?! Sect i an 2::? (d) 1'. -¥ they 1‘ i lea an 1 . C a C .. FEE(:1_L(€~?S-3"L {CHin Etatirmg'that ttwwxumill EEEtmm9-€inanciad rwflayomeihiliimg. H bFiE¥ diEEUEEiUh a? SEEtian 8(d) 1E fallawed. SECTIUN 8(3) RNE THE COMMISSION Section Bid} 0% the TrailE Act haE three Operative pa. SEhtEHCEE, each a? which E directed at a di¥¥eremt problem. The f i t" :4;t E4.'-;e{"‘4 t (in 4:43: We i t 4341‘” (:11: Eli-’5 t. he Dbl i 4;; 4 t i. 4’34"". Cu" t h J 1 .. CI .. III t (:4 CUQpEFatE with the Interior DEpErtmuht ENE the Trangportatiwh ~ Demartment ta encaurage etatE and local EQEHEiEE and mrivate ihtEFEEtE ”to establiEh appropriate traiiE..n“. VWE SECUHd w EentEHEE preemgta EtatE prmpewty law pruvidinq 40V PEVEVEimn fl+ .4.- .t" Bi 1 4" 27:45.11; F4) . {I} . 113 a 1.. r3 fl. 4;.1 j Er. E: 435": t p r" (145:.- EN” t “y Brave-"rs; Mae-rm t hE F4: 5 C4 .. 'w' .4 :i - (1 L: r Emfilcmwyj {cw' trail LMEE btd; ”1E eadijct 133 F§i¢£fl"flti€fl1 0r recuhEteridmmn'imr railrEmuiinu’pUEEEq" "Hie {ihal ‘WHTL“flC“ prwxvidEw: thEJ: if Eiguublii: agenu:y En” prixawte cwwganiruaticwy agrEaEE t 0 E54 55.9.6.1 in: ” {1.11 1 r E-‘mzzzp CH :4 E; i t- i 1 i "t: x. " +' UV" meme: QErnuez—ai": it. ., 1 549454.} 1 i at: i 3 i t and tfihEfi relating to UEE 0% thE right—0+nway as a trail EuhjEEt to pufifiihle future rail HEB, than the CmmmiESiDn “shall not J t pewmi: abandmhmEmt mr diEEmntiHUE imCQhEiEtemt or disruptive 0+ 11 I.CuC. FEEprnEE to EEEtidn 8(d) WEE initially Elow. in several individual CEEEE where the prdvision was invokEd, thE l’ CommiEEion granted abanddnmEnt: EdbjEct to possible future impdEit idn df condition onCE it iEEdEd rEgdl.Etions to implEment the proviEion. The Egency did not propoE: implementing regulation until FEbUdhy 1985" ThE regdlEtdry prondEal poswd thFEE'EflCfllltiCéWfli iEEUEs. SHE relatEE ttittmiewmdiicahility of SEEtiCNiEEUj) to Conrail I“: #4r4i4i44444444V44r4 E :E . l”tiee EE=E4.c3ri i invleEE whether dEctidn d40} is, EF is n 4:4 t ., n'44'54.ne:J.::..t4;:4r" .4 {41nd tJ'4E J... h 1 rd :1 :5 cont: EinEd wi th t h t. i mpaczt oi: EEctiEn 840) on rE Er»iuns (7t rEilroad R.D.w. to adjaCEnt propErty ownErE under EiEtE law, ThEsE iEEdEs are continuing t0 bE mEJ; in 4:: “Eur" t . PE)!" 69.}; E44 34:44; 141. E. group: { i“ am the SEEt t l E , WPEH4nuluv EFEE hEE pEtitiEnEd for FEViEw in the DuC. Circuit CEnCErrdrug thE LhWMW‘)J(H!'E new Ffiflflilfitimfifim ~~.~~.4.4-. ' r~w I_.l~|‘44‘ I L)“: Li «“4 n. ThErE Efficimaiy prdhiEfiEE that JE44ZEE'LhE railsstmi‘traiis -‘d'v'4:.u::E4t;e:E. . Bu t t h EV" 4" i E; (53")C3 J n E-JL'J‘ES tad! H1." MUCH"! t h E. h .54er wark of hiidn E.-.4dE (:44: c 5544;314:414. Ed p4524’fipl Eu, En m ga-u‘zizatidn cal 1 Ed the F‘Ezi lE-- "l‘. td~4rEilE CEhEErvancy EmiEtE. It iE E growing organi: :Eti.dn .- +E rm44 to promth thE4tmmuEPLtE oi Faiifi”t0“trédlfih SSinEE FEdery .o- 1WSE thEy have bEEn FEVEmpind thE FulEE End rEgdlEtidns that a. 1.: - 'h slow thE CJHV‘f‘lOH DFUCESE dawn, EEEiEt activiEts EE-P nd to conVErt rEil 1ifi€¢.30fi thE lc3ca.l lEVEl, compile statistical infmrmEtidn on thE rEi E~io~truilr EHpErienCE and other wise turn t h 4E ran. 1 Cf" ' Ei E i n t 1::4 E4 tr'Ei l. s op JCIIr"'t'.U.I"ii try . ,m . .15- The REils*To-Trails Conservancy hopEs to prEEerVE abandonEd corridors through public education, negotiation and, in some CEEEE short-term purc EEE o¥ old rail lines. They have set up E rEvolving to assist local agencies or organizations until they have thE funds to take them over. SinCE thE non-profit conservancy Opened E small o++ice in Washington D.C. conservancy officiElE say thEy hEVE bEen {loodEd with requestE for hElp +rom loCEl gDVEerEfit EgEncies and Citizen groups. lhEy espECiElly want to be of SEFViCE in mEkinc thE lEgEl proCEEE lEsE complex Ermi ptdfliishirug Epéwmjonfimfiwt FNWDEEchurE If; C'QPTEH TND RAILS TO TRQILS IN MICHIGQN INTRODUCHIUN ThiS agpact of the paper will {ocua on Railg to Trailg in Michigar. Michigan hug great “mtential t0 provide haw citizema with a complete state wide trailg system. The Michigan THRailg alliance i3 the camperative e+fmrt 0% citizena and organization 5 (jg-'vdi 2.25:1. ed if! t he}? (:erwer-rsi c-ri. 3+ ézti'c’tFIde'lEI'd r‘ai 1:" CH3, cl gradeg to f multiwuae outéamr rearaatimn trailgn Qbandflned Failraad carridwru providw a unique upportumity t0 create a gtatewide traila flatwarh. Thig netwmrk hag great pmtwntial {gr Enhancimg the quality 0+ liiw in michigan 1n Eaveral wayE, thmae a? which n' will. be3£1i3ilhfiifld iii Lidia Chéflltwfy '22 .J .< “P1 1. - 1 r”- 1 "I .. v --r .. ‘0.- 1.4 “I I .1 1—4 7.1-, Y A" Iflicfagyuw hémg-¥0ur tmaautiiifll and cHiatimct.su§a§cwwan R rurtwmrh QT well~macntained anu publicizgd traile acrmgg the fitaca cauld be mailizgd YEa'“FDUWU by bicycliata, hikerg, gtjerg, -- .._. .. -.... .- .' .. _.. .i - ..J '-. -.. J. N V- . ... -. w ' .: .- ._ . - .. ,.. -.. .l .- '_ .: _.... t:‘-..:'.J.L'f‘.:»i..{' 1 CH 1:, , cifiu UH ”22' L!“ d1. 1 Liner $2.. Th; 2:. Iii/pr: Lin; ! 211-!“ fig-1L iun wcmild (JFCfiJiCH? awn EWivivwnmfiwwwt iaa¥e3 {Faun can S, 'tFLH:k§= armi DtJHEF I traéfic. Rn even wider range 0% Outdmmr activitiea is pmsaible thrcmmfii achtiticnmii ELI ?59 113 parlna, rafimmta auuj recwwyvticwmal areaa. For Exampla, placea that affer hmrfia rentala, canufisi camping and picnic araa. In placea where existing trailfi 9w thrmugh develmped areafi, regidentg can mam them as a safe —-I .-. trehapurtation FDULE tr SEHDUIE, ghmppimg areag, and aimilar 14 \ - csstinatiuns. Trails enhance the quality 0% life by encouraging physical +1tnecs. Bicycling is the second mast popular participation sparti and CFJSfi county skiing is the fastest growing sport in the United States" fl Michigan trail system would accommodate these trends in physical iitnsss. Furthermnrs, the trails would previde a place tn sscaps the pressure df everyday living and JEEWWJELlCN|tfif neinurs. ,‘- lle:(;luss-c: (1.! T rays}. in g thro'w: h rural area 27nd smal l c«:.'n”mm..l.n i t i c-s c r ea. t 1:.) jfi in tunities to snperisnce Michigan’s hospitality and t0 gun ticipats irirtanwmial events ewmiemytivitiss“ F¢MMUiermnre, chfiiigeww wcmdij henna a saystEMz'that cuminectiai recutMis CH inigh aptmatl and ttufibifl*aw visflttwwa {raw cud {if stats» ifiicis 7stahlishmsnts *1: i”! :‘z" {P 'v' i s- i tar 2:: 4:: cm 1 d s t ay at er'nsr g i n g t: Ed and tar 437-521 L: ,c Ths hichigan TRRails alliance envisions an intsrcnnnsvtad s t ,3 t «14:4. wi «1:.:: tr; 1 l s'y‘s’ ' am over wh i c: h a user wcml d tie-3 ahl c tc:« tFéWHRVEFE£?'LHE'liingtil ancinuidtt»(3+ Vflcfliigaui usiru; the-in alien Such a system wnuld run dvsr 700 miles in length. {rail segmsnts won 1 d l i h L: c «7: m mu. hi i: i as p r cwi d i ng u. sew r 52m 5:» {3 gr t scar 'v'i c cs wi th parks, rssnrtsv and rscreatidn areas. Ultimately” the Michigan I neiwnrk vumfihfi connect «nini‘trails £LWTTHTK1Y heincychwvslnnsm t hr (.3 u. g h c: IL: t t h e H i 6:5st - t a n d Clan-ad .—:« .. ECDNGHIC IMPflUT 'Hie econnmic reitw¢i'tn the State tum; ths potentiad {my ha enormous. Fur smammls, ths Michigan THRails filliancs published a If?“ I.) report estimating the economic C3) ttms N; 3m;cwuain Elr$~4&3arta is 38 milcs;’ long and ha' 57,000 wh i 1:: h (23111413 1‘ rom cult 1:14? sat at "-2 . times as long and had even 10 over half a million people annual q1-1a1"1t it'-,.-’ (1n.C peanuplm nae-d support 3131 motels. bike rentA. ssrvices, and nsmfifi usmn' oi trad ls giumids aux i1i1::l 11CL (it; l.c3iici:irigg . F Cir" c:tnn1;«¢31 i..sCi11 day. {In addition the t 31'1: an c;:c:11”1;=.=, 42.1" 1.4311; i 'v' 1 1.4 v .34. t f:’-;-:‘ 1‘__11é;"f"11..ll 11.6.11" E? WJ ] ‘- v new"sLMi. Ari ecgm131nic l’ECtflhWEflHflflCiiJV is {lcjninxgyr c E4. "lt1i3r'33lic3r'34. t'lie3 titiesiii til.E3 .21; L: . 11aJ1.4 tiifiFfir'SEI pce3r“ 3434345" 1 s4: " "' 'V- ...\ .. . . ... I .. .. -._ .- .. -4‘ ., U 1-1?! .5. 1.1 4.1 4,15: r 1.11:? 4.2-1-1! 1 .3. 1...«:«1:lc1in«::; 94- 'i-Z' days *- .2-7 E '13? ., "l 1:1 t al t «31.11“ i st val us {3341 y ('3' r3. l” {as $3 1‘3. V 1231"" {-3 C,‘ E? Fossihis /year o4 of $1 U. E: .:." T" 570,000 * Total Estimate Economic Based on the astimatss made in this a 3"". an, l:1«1“11.4':4+‘ i t cuss-31" ".4. mi 1 l i on i n tot 11' i 1“. t 13 :1'r11pact ‘5 Trail. The adult users in It Michiga H1 times 1v would m_o Vi 2‘ the average u- as. number one average ripnls the Michigan economic 00G IIIII ~14" I 5.“-) 1' LJ 62‘. y' ot a based on Niscwn in Elry~5parta Trail .?84 ~ halfi Q{ 5 system were 20 this would the users, mean 1113134 the trail. This '3 such 1’1 £21 93 ect1u aits. like. wzsiun in c.5lculatss oi $13 per day, not Michigan is calculaiw J at o? usctsiifiwat will rECHnrr- total ‘-:.“ ‘3) “ {2: (J...)-..? ...- 5 . L'T' .. .. .. .. ... .. ..... - .. -. ...‘ , .... 1o per ps1sonz. Hvufdgm usw siiact 0+ $.78 per Departnmth of impact b.i"d on r~. r:.' .1 '1 ' .1: 1 J;- 5 LJ 4. I...) 3 I...) It-) (_I $ 3,550,000 0... '- ..... ..... ..... .-. - .u -_ -—.. o... .." m- —- .—- u— ‘- u... 4 5,3” 40.000 4 .3,- 44.200 ._n u... —.- ..... .u—o ”- I..- .—- o._. ’o- .. --. .—... "a. .-.. un— o-- DOG 4 530, p... ”c- ...- —-.— .v- u... -.. n... —... on... Inno- n——. a... g... a... ‘4 37 .964, 200 analysis, Michigan would dollars spent annually. {5‘13 'L.hr:11.11'_;11'1 all the-43:13 baneFits-i would not 1:113. as a dirt-31:1: reg-31-1.11: oF the trail SH§C Jam, a well developed trail would halo to distribute tourism dollara throughout the state. BENEE'F' I 1'53 -- H .1 $3 FL‘11—‘1‘ 11.1 F F‘ F BE- F.‘ W1 Fl UN QND EI‘NJCFZ‘JICELJ The railroada were the main travel and transportation routea For the early aottlero in Michigan. To maintain theaa routes 15 to p '12 1.439 1'“ W3:- a {:1a.14'“t 0F 1". h 134 c:1_1.lt1.1.ra hi -5 1":11 y oF Mi c31'1ig1a1'1. Ni th the? help oF local govarnmanta, a trail syotam could connect points of i1'1L1.-.'-r€4=_-.'t 441.11.:1'1 as hi 2. '1..1::11-"i «:al. hui l 1.1 :1 111.345. , a1~ czh aaol on i cal 1:41 tees-3 , 9141:7313. on :1. 1:14:13 F or 111411.. '1'. o1'144. or 1'" 1314-4311:. aL-li 34h 1:11~ ai ri £54 541 13313124 . T h 5.4 a e:- 1:1':.11"11'11.31::'l'- i n 1'; 1:1 (:1 i n t ‘35 wo1.1l d 3.111 11': our .431; 1'4 1.19.4131" 1.3 to 13 141.113 and l. 1.3 arn m ore about a local area. .1. l raila Frae oF vohicular traFFiC allr Jv-ch cjcn44173t-'Ervation 1"! and i 1'"1L1'—.=.1"ac- L ion w i L h nat1..1r1 V1314go'1:2a'ti.\.~'13 941:1" 1341311 2'5 al ong ' out 6.4:}: munild not only orcmdcueimrivacy For hunmtwnm? 4:.lmJt alao attract wildliFa. Thug. an excellent setting would emiat For walking toura and nature Studies by individualo or local groups . Hap number one entitled Railroad RighLFoF—Way A1:quis i.tio1. Plan illuatrataa the action plan For abandoned railroad rights“ oF' wwaya a1:1:11.1i1;-'-;i t i on 1:4 1'- or Mi ch :1 1:1 an . l'. t Shows th 1. over al 1. goal cm” the atato trail S.» :H:.m developed Frcm1iflw3 acouiaition CM ahandonad railroad right 5- oF-wa.y according to the :11« aria sitad -. m \e I in ”fin fiddondum to the State Traila Plan”, (Act 74, P.Q. 19; In porauit oF thaaa 1ight5-c3F-ways, selection criteria were OF‘C’EJF 13.4d t o gui d1: t h1':~'4'4 ac:q1.1i5.iii1::1n 134-15 F or L . The? F131 1 Dwi no i E. a l i at oF the criteria develooed by the Department of Natural Rea our"13 10 F or th 1'. $4 p1.-1.r13c:1:13 .. l7 PRIORITY CRITERlfi 3.; a Righte -C2+— way that would serve as part o? the croee trail system. A. Righte—of-wey that would serve ee a base trail upon which othere could be developed, or would connect to the State wide treile System. J. Righte—of-way that would provide trail recreation to through, or between ur Jan er ea 26—. 4‘ Righte~o+~wey whose QLQUJbItLUU .would provide a2:Ce _-, to public lands or fecilitiee, and,’or (unenlide .e or blockmin etate land. o. ..uhLe—u+ we F50t presently needed {or rail uee,9 but whoee inLeqrity enould be maintained for future public traneporte.tion neede. interim uee would twe'trail rw‘zr eliun. C22. “ifix —> lf~223gl ‘J'T'ES 9e mentioned in Chapter 1, Michigan is aluo {aced with acouieition comelicetione resulting from the verioue ways in wh 1 ch 1:; he 2' {3.1 l. ro 35.25 2:; (:u'np — n 1 ee 2: cdui r .~.2C5 the l ande. or arrang ed 1‘ or Lne uee {or railroad outpoue. For example, in many inetantee the H.0nwu meainoor titfleatjue tCitJn? deeth CH line origirmil prone-r t\/ 33:22. no ned for railroad {:2'ur poeeea the u... -I—- cmwner. Con=+wzyientl}/, oncm3 a r i 13,25“ t e-~2:;:2-{ -w.-:2 'y2' (”23253.2 b 2::-c 2::-me 51.2.2" o 5." e n up 5:.- y' or 1 Va: '5; 1-1-22 1 er": d owner 93 wh o emerciee revereionery righte" treile have already Literally VWWWWEHES(JFSHi ee of operatirm} l3 ' ‘I m ehendoreij and more milee are being o¥¥ered each year. The principal competitcwwaemwe'the thoueande of individual owners CH adjacent lend who are strongly motivated to capture what they coneider a great en2umhrarie 05 their eetatee. Once the grade hex been brit5en up into small e=qmwutn, it is practically 18 imooeeible to reaeeemble abort of condemnation (and I l "7' -I l LI A l \f ,. 0% condemnation would he very great}. Paet policy in Michigan has required the purchaee of land only where title evidence satisfactory to the fittorney General could be obtained. The coete of obtaining such title evidence in most caees would make the acquisition um‘ieaeible. what can Michigan do to help Speed up the proceee? One idea ie to adopt in to ite axate wide recreation plan a policy to support rail to trail programs. Already Michigan is ahead oi moat etctje in that tiey have a rail to trail proo'eal in action. Furthermore, they have a etate wide coalition that eervee Li! ‘35- E mode-l t o other 31'..¢:2.t2:—:2s.~;. But th i :3 alone i=5. n ot enough . They need more money to do more promotional work. Without promotion, cawflwwiversy Cffilffljt taterpflieoe. #WMitaithout.cxmimroveremq aa-Fight with the I.C.C. rtdimnya ie an even tougher battle. CCNQCLJJS.l3H Dyerall, a Change in legielation and eniorcement 'e needed to eneure juet conve'eion. Recently, the Natural Reeourcee Commiee‘on adopted a policy to preserve acquisition accepting a thegree Cd cralCdeited rdxak. {finder tine auttmn"ity'ch Act la». Public: acid of 1931, ae amendeth ‘Rywante of land and other property“ ofiered by the railroade by acquieition deed ehall 3e accepted, in coneideration oi payment of the liquidation value to the railroad companiee {or the deeired line or section, if acceptable by administrative review. Since there ie a need to maintain th2331-e2:~p2 r i ohte—o-F -—way for t h e o r eeent and 2? ut ur' e use ., i t i. a important that their continuity be maintained. Thereiore l? legieletion neede to be developed and implemented thet will over" riue revereionery righte and maintain rights~o¥-way integrity when in the bee intereet of the public. I n an 2.5. t t en'io t to eddr e2: :5 t h e 2.5». e n e e d 2.53 t h e Rai 1 -to-Tr 9.1 l s A Conservencv will he o+ assistance. in matters concernin leoel > issuee and direction it is unlikely that local governmente have 3"! either the know how or the money to hire lee n 2;-:2 ti 2:72 n c: on : 2:32" 2: 2 Lory hee two publicatione to hole the contused 1 oc .2. l i i. i 22.-e, . 027225-1- 1 9.1.1722: F T {.1 [ii i. i 1' ens Plehuel whi ch 2.12.22: p2 l ei n c the "n .. J .. u‘ .2. . ... ' ,.., . ... ~. .. — ' . -... 2.1 2:25:21 :1Lci'tC92’. “an: e to trails nrucese and deecrihee the activiete role There ie eleo ttw. fh-2ceoei henual VNHJJV inetructe agencies ... -.. .1 .. .. I . .. .. .- ... .. ... .' m. ' .. _. .. .2. .- _.. I .. ... ' -.'... ... ...2 ..‘. ._ .. . .'.. ...... . . -. -. -.. . .T .. ct: 22.; {41' l. vat 2:12.:- LJ?‘ 2:; :1! 2 l .-.. 2:. L 1. one. 2-222 2-; H.231. f f l. (1;! 2t: 2:22 IL: 2 L :1 2.1.3 3.2.x y r (em-2:11 1. 2.- |.. -2 ' .. ... .. J. 1.. . ("2 ""~ ‘. .T .. ..,. .. ., . ._. .' .. ' .. ' .. ... .' .... . ' . .. .. . .. . .. . . .,. HE"? C.” 1-: (-2 Ytt' I. L.2.2 L... 2221‘... mm: lLtcfi]. l 2.2 2.22.1 2226:3122 pr .1 near" 1.1;! mt. lmvay'Er E2: 2 L2 +7.. 2.2- tz 2.2-2" or e -2 n (.17! our 52 n 2.7.; .5521‘2271 l . {3. C. . 52b 2.;2_2'"'2d2::2r:n'aen t pro ceedi n g; . Hue tmw t amtnitc2aa loved tty canx tatea ie it; contimnie tca titd3}.i(:i.:2e tlwez «weeuui 423r“ rrgii'i*-t(3--ii"2ai.lss. llitiea, l:tn*c3twgéi ;2Lu37.ic:_ l 952. 2i;.2t;‘2:22. i; 2.22 221i poi i. ti (3 2.32.12. or 2-L.2“2:-;-:2 .. r2722::2re p.227 nor 2:233:92 can he. 2722.12.2file. ”'2 I". .11. '..’ -LI .2} (:14i1F'T EiFi 1111: ELi '1 Cf: T! LENEGR P1“11 E11311" 11-1.3.7. Cf—EEEH ~ 1’-‘1N. EX 1511‘ REJ - LINE NFL CDMVERTED F M a “-1 ID 1—4 V. INTRBDUCTISN Luring the 1”Bw E the City 0% Battle Creek made 9F93t .r' atrideg tmwardg imprmv '1ng itfi Eacim~ecam0mic and J t phv¢i 1c31 Pfivlffihmnhf Hany agpwctfi 0% th& City played a part in Lhig F1 iJMflVfl¥EfiWHHLE First, vdflfl1 tha nmw1ym: n11 the {DFWMW'I$FttlE Ere memfiflip with Law Djty 0+ Fatt13 Ereek, and the campletjmn a? the 12:11 11:13:513 E11311sscz1 111 3.1 11311 F9r'c3_1135:t;, (1:111: [51:111113 1"r L1F11£ 111111 C3c311r'a1i 1 1111HEA q 11w? 1:1m11u3 vuaa r“ig:d: Lt) ucu1§11hgr 111e'11.: 1411¢uu1rfl 01 a ruaw Citzgwwicne Féwfli “Vhtawu 1W11e cfl1ant1a* Nil]. fochs ow tu1E EQHILIU Ch'w13n 1g tr L¢3£J.ii;ar1 L i1uaan" F ar'k. 11. v11].1 an L11au1r1 111a- Ln Cu: EEEL 'tfus City undertuwk t0 develmp the Park. It will 3.3: accegg L1 (7: :11 EH:D1¢MH1L 1m1fl snMLjad. be4u31itfis prtnxiuuaj 1:" 11m? Uiivy t1n:ouqfl1 thefl: 1'1 132 1.1.1 {.1 1’" 11:: .2 1,115. '1: 1::-:111 . PFGJEITF 3&111Fmflfififi by {firmer railrwad rightfimm+mway which pagswd through he [;:,1, a} BLuairm35§1 Ditatrdxzt CH"E&HLEC1 a 1:31u31ywat +13? iflne {fl”&§H3WkQWLiCMW 1:1 1" '1'. 111:1 12: 1111' 1" :1 c1131" 5111 1:1 1:111 1:11-11: 1‘ .1 1:11:11111271111': 1:11- am 1' 1111 1 1: 1:11-1:51 1:11:11“ 1:: :1. 511-1. 3111.. “1:11:11 1.21111: i 1:11.211 y' 1:;1' .. '.11{1.1 13.111313} ., ( 1 ’4" 1:". I? tha- p 121. .1" ‘1: 31,111 1.2111 111.1 1. 1. 11 5.1.1413 111-11711 t y'- r'\ . six lineal milea 0% urban pedagtriam pathway connecting n:c;1 Eli? {33.11.15 5:11:111 1:11-111} :11: _—';c:l11:11::1 f 13121 1.11.: i 15-1-2; 5.1.1111 1:11"‘1::1\1':1d:1ng wal 1::wa'y' / 1.21:1. 1:19 1111:1315. 11 —u. '. 1.1111191: ca 1111:1111}:- 1113111 1:11: .1 15:1: . 111312113 1111111 111".“ 1': T- The develenmeht of a Park Syetem of thle Scale during e period 0? time when both the etate and national economice were under Severe streee speeke peeitively fer the City's effarte. The City's geheral ¥und did hot cahtaih any specifically "Eur marked' funde for new park cometructieh and/Dr improvemente. A-F tEC'I’" a: th a" (snug h r'evj ew of var" 1 Que, ecmu“ tee of ~42 LlHdi mg ., a :23:"&u.:":11 aphlicatimh wee submitted tm the Michigan Department of Natural REEWHMWZQE - Michigah Lewd trust Fund and the H. H. Kellogg F (:u.-~.r:<.‘i 4 'L’ .é LU"! wh 3'. :3 h r'“:-:+pr":'- :3eritiészxzi t h :_ 1 04:: :31 pr'i ‘ late 2534.:93432 (NF me. t 4;: h ::. fig {unde. .~'- -. .. , ., . . ,- -. .. .' ...... .... .. . .- .... .... .' .. ‘. .’ ..r -.. .' . .. " .. . .. ‘1 1 . ‘ 9-. r‘ i. '1‘” um! 2 Ln- t:':::-t~~-' 4 3. a: 1.. J. 4.1: 1:: -:-.r‘:U ! ”2+4qu 4.“. .: :11. J u: :22. 1 F4 w’ LJJ. v.1 2 1:.: a: 1 l (in . .. . . -. .. .'. ..- ....- -J _. ..-., ..-. . ._ . .. . .-i - , .- ' w ._ .. .- 'j _ -. 1 _. 2' H.-.:' l' 4;?3' per 1.21 t1?" , S: tuft”. mu: u: '21 Nat 1:. ”1:34.; I.~:.' c“.- :1 1 .L .441 4:;1‘ i u!‘ J. at! ”J -J ertfl‘ieitjtm: and EJJM"t"up acmete +rtwn'the Fucjwigeh leuufi rust Flou .1 LsJ egg Feundetiuh. The City hae alee agreed to thflnxflmrie ehhuelly tewerde the maintehahce and eecurity 0+ the :Jeri. eyfiatenu I 4': é:=.i£’::"4“:t..lf.‘; .3": 54.23 yer.) L é“: 4..:I"::':—:~:T:Ir'::~ 1 :3::4:~r':‘t i r: B a. t. t1 e Cir” tat-23:: w r2453; r’ Lmr": 1 mg: at c«'~.ré:-_‘~:" tw er: 3;. 54'wa i we p e:-r"::::3-‘-:“:t «:luri mg the 1 904%}; :7 surrzmegi-z-r“ £5 : the N . ti. . Fe?1c¢mg Pmtwwtgtjeh [Hung etanrw afiewumed ira ahd Fwwwvided awtjititwmfii $unfiihg te create empleymeht Opportuhitiee for youth ahr in?restructure development. Thie wee dune with the underetandthq th3. t t h e newt i re <::(:'::'n:':“::_4.r": 5: t 4,» ., th r" 41234.4. 3 h var" 1'. (me, gr" 0:41:39; 5 (:1 (4:31:53 ., and civitzcnganizeticnu3g wCuflJj beccmwé ihvcdxmmj in theflr“'5peci¥jc: cap an]; r': t i e e. wi t h r =: :23pr:-:s:~«:: t to::; the p31 am": i w; and c:«.:4r:5tr**:-u:t. 1 431": an“ t. h E entire perv eyetemn F%mr 324::4—2z.n':[:41e:i the City hired youths iléwEU year (3 8%) tun wgrhzcmx the (KMwetructiCNw of tfue trail ($4rirm; their' gunmen” weuaidtm:. The3Lhfinah Leemuu: wee iruflwerge CH (fivergeenrm; the I." « ~ '. _. J‘- .‘u. tUJ“ing enwj nkgLMWizetJJMW 0+ tins wunima~en Immediately e+ter all qnent approvals had been eecureu, cwtymwizatinnel etrtmflnnwee were furnmdeflmmi and plane uWHxfliéwad been centem91ated were activated. The City staff was primeriiy cancerned with the acquieitien. planning, and engineering 0¥ the "Linea-2r" Park" I the "523:1 t] :3. Cree-3:: thin-2::: LEi'fz';ngE}f agreed to L‘IEZ'CICJYHEL' the administrative agency with hired the youth and directed the wLw}: eficn“t in tin: heed»: LUHEWfWthifiW}CD; ttww Parka in euniiti£M3 ta tfn3 ytuuji wcwfli hrtnynam, cum3etr1n:ticw: cmfiwuuwiee vmwwe ennetmmi to pwwnvide icy“lweevwftuilldneirm;(mneraticw: and black the paving. Playqrnund equipment wee pleced, gazebn’e E: 'r" :2-1- :2: 17.. : «2:: a "i r" eee wear" :3: 1:1: 7: 33:":1. :.:':i and pi :; hi :2: i‘.':-:'2::1':::3 w :3 r" e: {:3 u r" (I has. 5: d 'F r" on: a 20331 Junior éChievement gheuh. fin imnnrtent +apet mi thie unique project wee the pre e:'-+:':'t3'ri. en 0+" pl ans-3 wh : c: h not enl y ehew the r'uutc—zs; of the park fiui- 14:3: CCMWEH;FLHZtiEJFI d33L£d.33; tu: as; mcuiy ::it:i::3n33 ch tine: canniuini'tyi 12 ttmfl- antfltj he fffififlhbfih It new: {etwmi'thet tJHr been: wey'iun Fegmfiw the public Wfifi to ejpear before civic and neighborhned grnupeg If} r': q. l'. 1‘1 1“ “i .iube, nnu encial and church 844i1ieted nrgenizetimne. Nut enly die theee urnenixetione enthueieetiaellv luau {urwerd tn being in4ermed. (the public i5 eiweye e epticei eueut hew the City ie epending their tax neilere), but they egee pruvided e vetric:a~-Fuv ifiie [M'Ly amflninis3traijwnn 1:3 gedwi intnxte +cw' ttweir riaqcueafl.e. 'Ttmair' irq3td e Lee: tcairwecf hast (in) y 'tn: pi erniirvg -€CW' phyeicai neede but elee they made eveilehle financial cantrihutiehe toward the extra deteile making the Linear Park a cemmmnitv prnjefit in every came. 0—... "jf‘ The metropolitan Linear Park Syfitem ie highlighted by the 13 following etatietice: EST-’1: mi 1 est: 1 one 25 miles 0+ 8 foot wide aephalt path. 2--3” thick Employment 3% 14$ area youth for meet 3 summers 13+ Skilled ooeition created durinq the construction oheee 15 emell perk on nodes located at intervals along the route Each node-unll cumwtein the icfllmuwhwg: Q email {much Shel 19*(m" gefiebo Perk benchee Security ligflrtinq 'rafiu: FECE? Jiaclew3 3 3wmi chadii {or inha+fic:t:ontrcfl I ! Tfim? earl: tr3ma3W33£3 E1}: 03%: of 'fhE‘éaigtfl2 renaicmmwti3fl «msicfiihawflioini 3r33353 :3nci eenJereal tn”idcn35 éMWd (DVEW' oavseans éU”& ! [333niru3d ‘lc: menét iru3 fifitfljfi- o+- innili ‘JEiilC lees aunt! paw3333ir:iern3. TT:3 park; wi l l ::~:-':-':'3:"‘:i:.i.:33l l y :::<::r‘n':e:::t wi th U133 North County Trail v-Jl”:i.::‘:'r': ! I currently i3 heino planned to croee eev.n etitee iron New York to f! Scurth I?3hcdg3. Eicfiit rnilw3e (ii tflie {Jatti aria lcmnatemi alanig ER marten ... an“. s. T i" -:-‘. {3:2 .... .. ‘.~ c. . '- .. . -.. .1... ' ' .. (22': IE... c: .3..- . "'2'" i .‘ ,. ... _. ‘3 .3. .2 t ..., ..-.-.- .s. a... (g- .. 1.! .- ,- .-. L t. m . 1:.. . c.” t. 1 ..- {.I i :1 I'M H... C? 1 r: .- -...u -33.. .4qu a .. ,3 6., (...? .3 _. u It... 6. .- t- L: xi: 3. 3.: throughout the region connecting with manv additional I _ .. - .. . .-........' .l .‘ {..L..m:::u.ti : J. L. .I t:"t::- . 0' p“ l '. : F'Ui‘lll 3". in; if: I 3 I (... l‘.‘ “T ...I. ‘3' ..4. ...: o f.) 153..£ltl {hi 1 l iinri - leee t3. ii. li£3l.l Chgig F CHJFWCJECEIlCDVi 4.35:: ..J» xii ll.i cui - lvticxtiicgeart 1-3ari i 'Tr'iie t F LUWil 11 million w City a? Battle Cheek (Land Contributione) ,—. CCH‘HElif"“i-¢.!.‘i"i.l i on began in Jul 3,! 19" ”+4 ANQLVSlS UP PRUJTCT llu3 P3ttla:(3”eei:lghfienr Fawi;rnani+3fi3te all (it the chrwytt art? indirtnflLtweneiitEscii a gimmitceilrtuui'treil. ‘Hme trail cxmmjletee In! 3;: mar”; importéu'd2 linl:aq3£siii‘the Ci.t'y irirst it (HW‘:F:E'T isimany communities with Vwrllh parks, lakes and open spaces. (The peih runs o33st the Northwestern Public High School, a private nu'sing homes, private hon:es, anartm:nt and condominiums, a church, the Unive‘sity park and the Kellogg factory. "‘Y‘ n}, Regarding community image, the Linear Park has genera' positive acclaim throuohout the City o+ Battle flr'e::t, which reflemifiz'the zeal reenflxy-resickwflxstmave shown ¥CW':M3velooino ttnss f"eEfiJU?i:&. Ir3‘terwus :3: imDLWtisnh, ttwe LAJHC3H“ Fin 3: is._hist2 DEL'IHVHJIU to net sieie wide attention. With ite completion ‘Euriw: léflf}, erni :itn1ticiiu3o titlili::ii;y :3dtiii2icwi3l tCMJFl.EHl hfl.ll baa tH”CHJgilt 'tCJ tlie Pei : éuui emiiecemit en'eaea. ’{ne-'o:temwmive:ih3e 3:n:i o:miv:r:. emu2c :1: 'IC._ its to the aid ,j 33:: en t H? .4- o? tfu3 Lineww'533rk 333.13 hriing eccnmnnic hem C0fiMMU!lllEfifi u:+:u:uuti'ihe:[krty Ermyhfieer CHWJid rhjt emetimatx3'the number of usees (hikers, WRii fffig runners}, he enticioctes that t :‘“-::3 "l r 3::i l E :,.:.~_'a-.:'2':::‘;:e~:-v wi l l c; onti f'IUE-l‘ t o i n :2: r:' 3:: :2 i n t h: ~‘F u': urr .. jeeidee eti muletihn local business, the Linear Park also etende as :2: r :33: l, :i-f-vst :3 t :2 3:. meni t y . Thr c: u :23 h c n i. n i er i :2334 c. c: n :23 u .. t .. Ci w i t I: :2: well~eetehlished reeltor in Battle Creek the eifect o; the Linear :“erii cu: entjec:3nl regal :3sigatce «ediice3 uuie :éettwmmiriech Tl:e r”eefilt:w suggested that the Park represents a community eceet and attraction that oe+ ini tely enhances thevxwdtw (Jr reel estete adjacent to the trail, .xmmwerciel as well as residential property. Thus, he oiten mentioned the recreation and scenic beauty of the Perk when advertising homes near the trail. He believes that living adjacent to the Park might someday ferry a hit ot prestige, like living near 3 beach, park or golf course. ’“IK‘. J:.~.J For'ewummule, one {amiiv was sited a3 selling their home in the aros.3wm5tuyyino anothEW'fmflma Jfi the-FEWW: in ordor tautww2i¢ufi Park m or :2 road i l 3' . Homeowners overall see the Park as a plus. This opinion 33s indicated through a opinion survey partaining to attitudes towards tho part. The survoy was conducted o4 saven residonts who livod adjacent to the park. Not a sing}? residont {sit the ..-: trai should he CiDSEd. find none indicated any prohioms thoy {olt WE-Pr' ' »:-:3 a s so 3‘: i. 3:: t E‘vr‘i w i t h t h «2'~ t r 3': i1 -~ an 3; th at WE!” :2 tr i ou s on o:..::'_.'; h t o :1' 3.1. 't:1"':3i-.~:':: t 3'53 :.2 or": ~:~.— i d :.':-3:" n'::;':vi n :j': .. .r- i n‘: l l y ., 35:. Lu:.: 1 (33:21- at: l i sl':::~::} ~:' 33:}? 3:37: p :" 3:1 239:" w 3:3 1 nt 23' v i 32:34:32.2} 31:151.: 3:]. 323:1": .31: T" i. :-":':‘:3'-;=':l 'l.'.i":~23.'3.; the p r op or t i. 3353‘ :'::-;~'3~.::" the poti‘: wi .11 Cit;:i'":i;.‘i.1“IL1:L—3 t o :.23::":" 5.3 3: (233“: :.':m in i; h:~:'~: :":":3::i:3'~i11 (2313:3323. F31 1:.3'::2'.::-_:::':_}": ti":::~'.' 63:2;1... :4 1 (2w: :u:-:::-" :3 no t '1‘. nd .i. :'.':::.:’323~.'~.::§ , in the p r of- :3 u i on 33:1 op i n i. :"n :'th ': 3:3": :" 3i 12.33:" the:- :'"3':.:' i; st 3‘: n d 2', 332-2: 32‘: r331] «oi-Lt 3:11: :3 3mm": i. t. 3." t": 33:: 3:313:32- i t f: "3. ‘1 .. .. .‘ 2.. ' . ... ...i .. .. . ..- .... .. - !... .. 2 .. .. .. ,. ‘ ...1... -.... .' -. I ...... . Wk: .3. .3 (1:.-:3: : : 12.31:. : 13:"..1 .. cil :C. c.'.‘.':- :-U.:.-i’: t'f1113;1{:|_'cf‘:- r 1.:‘3‘;31'.H:‘!1¢.- .L c1 i. 3-1% .' ‘ '1’ or Hi.u"":t‘-'i-?. 3:3: ':-:‘:"':'i. ‘Lu the: '1' r" éri l .. ".::W~rm n L212 :‘¢“-"n“.r“’u"33 K-i ,:r«" " tar: 1 11.1. 31:33: P r"-.t.:r' xii": i 1 inwi‘u-vJE'. 1 2 2 .. 3 1. +..., .3 1. J 2- - _. ..i- ..2 ..n. h i m..- .' .. . .3 ' ~: 3. 2 2.2 2. .2 r-- i . +~ - 2 2h . 1.. , .l I: 3:21: c: :_ .3: wt-) LLJ all... Cit-5:712.- C.1.|<-:U':‘::§tzi' 1 :: £1 1 11.33 t’ 3112:; c.- u- p. 3.3; “9.2.? ... ‘__- I :3t133.::':..-;3.:;3:2- 1 n the: 3:1" ::-:- 3:5: 33.23 33. r :3: 333.: l. t of ttme p 33.": :r’ 5 i n t or vi 3:33:33 we: r :5? .1 1... ::" 3'::'::;i:.:::': :.': :-?=::‘ :3: i t h t: :3: 3:- i t‘v‘ :'2"r'::"::i n axe-13:" r 3232.13 o:‘:si :21 :2? 45:13:" {1'36" P33": 1:: ., i..3"::-* D=-.r;I:'-:Z‘.!" 12:11:33: t. ow? F-‘l..:t: .1 i3: :33: vi (:3: :3 l «23:23 3. pol i :13: 32+ 3.5:: cor . T h :3: :2;tc_.:d i nd i 22' at :32: that h owe: 2 i :':'::":":::;::i i. at 3223.3 y 3d _ii airs-31:- t :.':: U13»: t :r' ai 3: di :13 no 1.. e;:-::'3::-ri 33:13:32 33.1": i. n :2; r 3:3 so i n h:..::" 3;: 7: (3': r i. :3: L 23:: d vand 331 i sm 33s 3: 32:33:31 in tin.“ the-.- ":. r“ 335: l .. l n thesfi i 9.33.: ‘y’ r s si n :2 2' :.":'_':::"':.~'2t r” unit 1 on st arts-d or: 1": 11:.» 1 :2«33.:-"‘::. tl'::.-:~r32- :":.23.;:3 r::':.':t t:3:-;~::->3:": 3.3 di r":.':«;:.t lini-iago t::«2::‘;::4:e:~:23n cri me: on '5.'.i'::-:~.~-s-:~;.r:—3 gin: I.‘.':Il‘!:'- ~:‘ '3. i ~:;--.~'. and i" 1" 3:1 .7 :33: 3:1. . For" t haw" ., t h : : :2: ii i :‘23-3 3.343471 :2; 321"" 4- _' 1. 32C) 1 mt. E-I'F Vi (ax-wed 5; " (:1 t. buglarieé and officmwr Eaid tfmz long a E; p .3. r” l-:: i n g prevented mmtur 1 J. Dvera] , th Firg ccmnmufljty. not a. l i: I": «13L!- g f C._ 5! {mpg n-' v— .. rig. mm H g; m J- . . .- ’ " ' ,. .. ...i .. p -::«. a- r u ‘ i 1 f I L} .1 5:, 1.1 u S. (”:3 fl '1 ti f" in B aeacnd wiffi7 true thifi typfi 0+ van accurg LN Ci T h 5:3' t. h Ii r“ d Eff. fipmwydl in C; ....I m a. 3'. n 'L' e n a r": C. C:- {or Tl.-. .. . .. .. » .V Dtr'CclUfsz" Liifii’ C 3 “L 3" arm athjiizicnwall DLi V '3. (In C} fr {it , ed that thflfie h not been a greater jnaidemce uf é: {:.- rmkfithan 0F homua alcwmg‘Uwe trail. 'Hfie police i there would rmfiLtua Significant trail problem as lot were away from the trail and bollardfi vehiCI€5 U. 51 «‘3' n 9-;uark: {CHM‘ euvterwhalitiwia cww't t, the {’EQLdlméfi emhjiticnwal gunlicJJfig, '= park of itfi Else emnj tyne. P' E” _\—: t C! ;;.c521'.'_.r"‘("3]- Tin: par" L: . the (.11 "L y igned promute thcir vifiibility d LU” i n g p :3 t r“ C}. Pawfl: iE;(DH1§’ apeni GLU“inggtjayiiligfflz hC¢M”S tine rmernaimly'churing {fine day. 'Tha c113; 15 lixflnle and thay d0 + or" Empflflfifiitfiilitjiffi true parW: as all {Hue attle espect'l: Cm? the par" 'r-z' is. minor“ var'xdal i .: .l- ... L. t‘: .... '! EJJ. ancisgiqrma. Cd pm"£am"s if] FVlENMHd 1- t CRKSigm manilwmt LWHfléJQCttmiéMWU Lwflwm"tunadmaly 'ty parka speak rwlatefl ta {Gal play 3n the park a& a ., - . ' .... .. "I .-V .... ' ,.. - ... -.‘ .. 7-. . -H .. . . - u, ._ .-\ .. f 1 t.) b 1 L. a"... .1. :3“: . T f 7! tam-+3. 1..) tr! 1214!“. {—.- me: m4 1.24? u -. ... A. .... .‘ ..H .... ".. .... .J .. .. ‘ 1 ... - .. .. ..L. ' .. .... ....- L.-__il w;- L r 1-! L, 1.9.19.3 LJLJJ. 1 an LIE; C-1|1 in:- + (H amw becmma damqermmfiu vary spect r&}atea to unanticipafied u i rh:.:i.-u"r".;=31 I-‘ll SI: r1391: NH 1‘ 5:1;I: ir:Lf:I.L::.:., 11E; Eff-.;::igniiéi I I i T IS. F: v‘ 3'. E H Y": .— l—J ”I . . ": r7 '7: I. ...... {ELL—1+": . 1:.-“n": ("1113/ Fin-:41 :11: Lac-Ir" For“ i; n:- [31:11.51 04 E'i-f-‘LIL'L F'x'iiisaz-s . Li mi (-1: 1:535:43" t :'rzrzam; cr'rF F‘aiinl if; LSL-I'V'v'l. CL: ., 131'. t'v'-11 Battl L3 f',‘:-":1-;-:»L-3:-:. SI. . JUIH‘: . I"! 1': i: L: l..'n:2:-.::‘:i:r’ 1.I'HE;{'€":'I..' (:.':F FL: 131 1 L: 133:3-2'13’ -: [.11 ’I V 0-?- c: (:11 '7: f" \ . "5 (fl 3, .,. .. . ‘T .-. . _ I I .. .-. . .. . .-.. ”....-. ' f; - ‘ ........ ..- V -.'.'II * ._; :.: :.:! 1f : v :1: 121:3? t1'k‘:.'.' k:::;-tpr c.“ .1. ‘.:)I:.‘ :1 2:. I ‘1" um" I: ., £21.71]. 11. EI’ 'v‘i :1. :.‘: FL: 5.1 1 I; I," i"‘::'.‘; . FiF-TI ILLEi-zi‘ MUD ' Jili'L- “LIFE" 2: ECU WE!" If -'.-"_1_ n... . ... 1:1 d. " F-‘r‘ tuner“ 1:. 3:" Va: 1 LIE“ F11 955 I :.:—1': .... F511 1 35—31 V «£21 1 S ” 1.2%.". - ill-*1? - W“ (:.':‘Lim': 195(3)) . ;::4 EUFWPll, David. ”V:waL3 r:L, RailS*IO“LFa115. 1U? fiLLQQrfifigg 3'1}ij )1 (Nir:11:=:rr"' :.'r'F'W) , {:.: 1. 4~ 15.}. Eur" vie-‘5': l , I: a. i c: . " ’w‘hy F3511 '1 5511.0 "Ir :11 l *3: ” II” E 1 1.1;, :.:.Er' (Ugtotwart-1' 1"?"33: J . [3:19p at" I. :‘T‘:L=rr": 't‘ CH.“ Ia; m1 ur' :.: 1 F L35 ‘ _::i.".:r £1. E“: ” he: i 1 road Fii g:3":t-'.3--c3 +' “Hi-1')" ‘ PEI-.3. ICU-2'1 ITI.-1~.-'J.]:.'1'9-17'19-15-‘r I“. a-I'B I?!" IE 1+?! .'.'_'.. -‘.'- .133)- 129'3 1213.53. 5123111??? "I” - .- ' " ..- .', .- ‘~....4 . 4 ": ..- M’ (2.4.1.1 :;- I‘" J (:19: (I'ld‘v’ 1‘? 3:3! .. .... ..- ..-. ... . ..... r“.".'C1:-i.E:} i. 111' :.'::r': F .L :.:-:.r‘: . Der—"2::: 1 :::L::':t an" H. :tural REfi-BC'U r" c; r: em L1 the Reg-L: r" 61-: I. 1': Lu: F aci 'J 3 t it :.:—1 Di 'v'i 4..—1i :.‘:-4": . " '1' he? Mi «1: Iii inf": N a 1; u. . a: 1 F: L: Law. H" Ct": Tr” (.1531; Fund - T E-Bfi r ear" of E v‘L'Jl 1.6.1.5: or: . “ I;I'JL':~.I€-:'::t‘::.:-I: 198:9») . Hahn ., T mm a. «1:13 EUI. 41F: ., 1.: c4 v i L: .. " '13": am: l \-".‘-L '. E of F i ve E22: .1. (:1; .L Vac: Tr 81 1 .=5 [it I! : vegz-r" I. '1. CH": F r"'(.‘_'::":’: r’iIJLF'ICIILH‘IF-J'1F~CJ¢LLI I r at. k: _. . " r—‘:__d_C__::;_' 7 :1; L; __ _ wd.. Hm Open land LM'UiecL. I ‘1" “ :' '17: E C- ,T fiJ“! If? n: ".171."- it'll i—-1LrI,- £*‘:-.ir::.r:;‘ It...1ii ’j C?'.~I=?:J.I.II-..I["Ii131v”. [Cf Lacy:- .. I i 1‘ . 1. '3‘13‘5’: .‘I .. EN [IND ’1“EE 1. David Burwell, “Why Railg to Trailg?“ 15§3191§§§g, 0c 1986, 9.6. 2. lbid. Harwell Q. National Park Service, ”Hails TD Trailg Grant Program, AUQUBt 1985, p.19. 4. Charlee H. Montanqe “Converting flbout to be fibundmned Rtilroad RightSWDFMWay to Recreational Trailfi“ lgfigmggggg wév efi%9qatigna Dctfiber 1936, p- 34- .L A 11 ,- 1 ”1‘. I “4 rr- 3- L' ._ I .5. "‘. :, ..L- l 111 l L 0 I P4 [F .r__, C‘. I Mcuytan1gee /. lbici. kawtéuwgw t. Ibid. Montange -7. Michicmwx'flfiuailg fillitnCE%- In4armaticmiffiwmflnure. 1% (C316?- 10. fiennatxnaw t (1? :QatJerai 1%eeu3urwgees. 'W%ai 1 F333;: RCHQ fimx1u33;i F 1 £11": H g 3. @8353 a 11. Garden gagger, ”Tha City 01 Bfittl? Creekg Linear Park ...-... -.... '~.{‘~I‘ :3 ‘7' 2:, 5.. H171 ., 1 ‘”-' :3 -f.) . ;. Intervjevq rm“. Lyrn Cra1t. [315.11F Battle Creek. Cut Enqifieerlfig, Febuary E4, 1987. 13. Ibifl. JfiPQEV 14. Imterview, Mr. Mike St. John, City of Battle Creek (.31- + .1: er" ., 134131-181" y" 1724- ., 1 9'8?" .. 15. Ibid. Craft 1b. Elifimr Nettler. “tape Cad Hail Trail...fl Wender¥ul Lin 13.1.?" ia; “ , [41913129 9 r4 f_'__1 igu‘figg: (rt-{1:15.111}; ., J 8.1‘Ii.i.d.""v 1‘4??3f£f. I 11. J8CQLmMJJWIw& ChflfiC£q 'thrlem Raili&mfl Said éWmme Bew1 (-1 Fur Recreatiun Trail." Eggigigf Etgfi, Navermber lgmfi. tuber E19521 tjom 1‘ / f Police erar 511w ..— 18. thfluaal Mirth9 ”Ckfihfl“‘¢allfiy Nathea”hwail“, Egg T1F@W“ September 198m. 33 B I 1.1L- 1 [3 [-3 F1314. PH "1" REFERENCES '4‘! In armation wag providéd by: Bicycle1LLELfiH- Lefigue'cfi (Mmm'jcan Nheafinum1. (Founded ir: lBEO), 1325 Haaaachugettg avenue NW Nafihingtan. DC 20005 (...... .... in} .... .... WON ~&-gfi Laneing, MI 48909 T I r" '- I ”‘1 Mi Chi Q11 cm Tr” 1511' l 5 {~11 1 1 51111:. 1.- . Raili~tG—Traila Conaervancy, Ewite 304. 17G: H Street NH .1 .- ,. ' . _. .'. .... .. ‘-.1'"" "'11' r ~' IN 1.1.2111 1 1 f 11.! L 1.1.“ 1 '1 1.11;". 51-111113 £A"a+1;. Lywww {fity/ ErmJimeun“ {CN‘ tfmr C11Ax 0% {flattiiz Lferak Raga-'5. . 1--:1 111711.; {Lie-3 p111" 1.1153111; 1:.-1 P1113} 1 1;: ES 1.-:11-""1.1‘1'. 1:: 13:: .i {321 t ‘v‘ 1:217 E151 1.11:1 6: C1"'12-:-1':-31-:. 111 1'.” St. Jmhm. Mike Dapar1memt 0% Public 5&11y, City 01 Battla Erew I 1 .. -. '7. ..'..._ .. I 1... .-. . . .... .... I . .. ... - ‘ ......_ ... ‘ v -,:1.1 1 5 u 1.1! :5 1 v :11 11:1 1:31 11:41:11 U~1§-11.11’ «1 1 2:11:31 9:, ) fifiTJl4LEk11$uD 1M¥ECHHJRE€§ 1311* was: 11’ 1. , {31.5-15.1 1:1 . “ F-‘1“1::1;;1'13‘r" 1: '1," v1.11 1.11: F11 £11319; 111151.511" Fig.1 1 SwTr 1.211 1 5.» ” ‘” llfigfifif Linnea lgfiéfl. , David. v1&wpmjnt, RailamTDthailg. 1U? k‘ 1 pggifigy (dinter 1980), p 14115. urwefi] . L5yict “Why Ffifiilfi Lc1"h*a1155“' Ifiggjiqigggf; Hl;tobe1' .\ [31:51) 13 1" 1.: 1111:1111 Jr. 1:11“ 141.2211. 1.1.15 1:1. 1 H E 251 1:11 .1 r" 1:: - 1?. ”Railroad Right3—01wway 111;:c11..1:'-; 1. ti 1:111 F3‘151‘1. ” E71311: 41“]. 1 {11;} £31,113." 1. 1 O 1) .1359% r §Q EfldEfi§Um in fine Etfifi? “l‘ .. .. ‘ " .... "1'1 .. .1r111159 541$“ DEPgr1nwwd; 111 Natural Rafimmwwxma amd the RecreedJCJ1 Faci1itiea DiV1EH(MW. ”T'ue Michiéufl1 Nat1un31 Reacmwwne Terfl;1:und - 71M1 Wear 017 E' 91211.1 1.11;. :1 1::11'1 .. ” Ii1'111'.)\./1;~‘:-1'11t::16-11 1951.91) . Hahn, Tam and Embemk, David. “Rn afialyfi'a 0% Five Emiatimq Trailg Cunvwrtion Pram mafimdwned R511hoad Tracks." aggptg" ; gQ flank 5969 1:511 : Ewflmwfigtx Etgflyu fin Open 1ahd firmiéctu " ("11” V L . i. .' -.. ... .. ... ' " “ 11—. ~ C: 1.1. 1.- 1:11.114 1, l .L .1. . .1. '3' 1:14 1 .. 1175112113 1:1" .. 1.3131" 1.112111. “ Th 1'52 (311.110? Ba 1: L1 151 1.?"12'11251-2 11113131311111 1 t 3. 5:111 Li 1115151 -— 51:11; 51193119111” . (19315-1) . King County, Mae 1n nutuu. ”The Ef1ecte Of the Burke-Gilman Trajl when Prjpetv Valuee OF deaceht and Nearly by Propertiee and uuem the “rnhrrfy Lrime Rate in the via inity of the Trail.” Seattle Engiheerihq Department (September 17mm . HarhiL, Peter. “Rails IhLe Traile.“ Ihe hmwh£5-t t0 the Editer (Jame 21, 1WBé). 1.3 Hi 31 1 11114311511“ , LII 1511‘ 11:15. . " R511 3 F131'.11_11. es. E21311: (:1r11e Spr 1111* t. : 111.5111 95 [11:11'1‘11'1511‘1. ” 1131;: ..... .r ... .. ..- .- "1' ‘ .- ... ' " ‘ . . -""- -1 4 r" :'"1 -' ' Ly; fibgblee 11mg; «duly 11. 119m)- L a 1."_'Il“‘1-111"1 , ' 12112174111: 1 1 11173.,"1'165‘1r'1 123.1111 F1531 1 1111511 1. 11' 1111111141119 E 513' 17 1311:1312.- 1111'" EL L} ” Rmcreeciem 1% ‘511. Eeggeggg 535g, Nevember 1936, m 55, H371. FmeLLLEhC, cjiihcw . 'Wfiapeeijed Fhail 113111.. .fi uLm c151 .11 Liwwear' {' l Bee d5“ LDQBEEDQQUEu Jam 1983. V01 111 N M- V1.1. (L111. 1...:11 1 1 F1'F1fla1‘j. 25 1'11 1 1'. a1'11'.'1—:'- Ih-F1:11“'1‘111":'11"1‘ti (.111 an {:1 11115511111311 9.1111 {.1 , -- i 5.1.1:.1111111:1:11111'31‘1. 1 H1"""" Hemiewmfiég anr]e~. LHHVE Lirwg AbeuL~LLWL¢ww1vendawmnj Railr a eflal High: Cf ....d Y 33:. I: QingremflFnimay L13 Hec1weaticmwel 11fi.ilen“ IHLP”175il 5. figegggglng. (Deteher .WBQ). R511e~Te~Traile Cehservahcy. “How To Write the 1.C.C..“(June L TC’FCJ.’ n Wirih, Michael.. “Cedar Veil} Nature 1F:u]”,1he jimeg, September 1?86, Val 'Tfig, NQ7Q_ 1, -1 III T’ C" 3...! {'1 1 I --W--H -1 RW’” Suee. ICC (Jver 115112: LC1 'Trei- 2:511b15151 mi»me1 15851. M. “Trail gveup L-e .wde firte Le bee flbmmdened Land. 1" 1" . 1‘. '1 ‘1 . .. '1 . "'7 .. ... '1' ~ I ”‘1. .. .... .-. ... ... ' " ~1 L11; 12.151111?" *1" 1.1]. x 111...! . .1 .5. (L11.-31.-.€1111!-1E.r IVES-Fri. ) . {-1 ...- ..... .... 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