L‘ LIBRARY Michigan State University PLACE IN RETURN BOX to remove this checkout from your record. TO AVOID FINES return on or before date due. MAY BE RECALLED with earlier due date if requested. DATE DUE DATE DUE DATE DUE Mew; 2/05 c:/ClRC/DateDue.indd-p. 1 5 ,__ _. , ,, _. _,_,-___ .,. V -- A- _.. I..- -1. _J i,_ Plan B Paper - MN? W“ n -\‘ lo“ I TROTTBR, ERIC N. (2001) Drum MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY Urban and Regional Planning Program Cost Benefit Assessment of Highland Mobile Home Park: Elkhart, Indiana A Plan B Paper Eric N. Trotter December 2001 Cost Benefit Assessment of Highland Mobile Home Park: Elkhart, Indiana By: Eric N. Trotter A PLAN B PAPER Submitted to Michigan State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF URBAN AND REGIONAL PLANNING Department of Geography Urban and Regional Planning Program December 2001 TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter List of Tables List of Figures 1 Introduction 1.1 Purpose and Hypothesis 1.2 Need for the Study 1.3 Methodology 1.4 Limitations of the Study 1.5 Organization 2 Review of Literature 2.1 Terminology and Definitions 2.2 National Tax Implications 2.3 Assessment 2.4 Manufactured Housing Trend Data 3 Personal Property Tax Credit 3.1 Personal Property Tax Credit 3.2 Homeowner Cost 4 Highland Mobile Home Park 4.1 Population and Housing Trends 5 Cost Benefit Assessment 5.1 Preliminary Data 5.2 Revenue from Development 5.3 Costs Due to Residential Development 5.4 Fiswl Impact of Development 6 ConcIusionisecommendations List of References Appendix A Appendix B Appendix C iii Page NNNN—td < \IOJU'I-hck .34 CO A _L 13 13 1 9 1 9 22 22 24 25 26 28 29 63 LIST OF TABLES Table 1 Example of Tax Credit for Homeowner 2 Preliminary Data for Model 3 Revenue from Residential Development 4 Costs Due To Development 5 Net Fiscal Impact of Development iv Page 12 21 22 23 24 LIST OF FIGURES Figure P399 1 New Home Starts 1993-1999 8 2 Age of Head of Household 9 3 Site map of Highland Mobile Home Park 10 INTRODUCTION Chapter 1 1. INTRODUCTION Mobile home parks are a familiar fixture in many communities both large and small across the country. They provide a low cost alternative to conventional housing needs. Those people served by these parks can often times not afford the down payment that is required when purchasing a stick built home. Communities across the country struggle to find low cost alternatives for housing. Some traditional means for housing are apartments, condominiums, or even for some renting a home. This however does not satisfy the American Dream of homeownership. Purchasing a home for most people is the largest investment they will make throughout their entire life. Many people turn to a lesser expensive alternative to a stick built home - a mobile home. (For the purpose of this study, the mobile home parks I will be investigating are on leased lots, within a park community and are not on permanent foundations.) These homes are made more affordable because of the manufacturing process, they qualify for loans other than conventional mortgages, and they are not built on permanent foundations. Municipalities are required and do provide services to these homes just like any other type of residence within the community. School education is also a service provided to homeowners and in Indiana the local school system is supported in part by the property taxes paid and collected in that district. By definition in the State of Indiana a mobile home is considered personal property when not affixed to a permanent foundation. As a relief measure to many taxpayers the owners of mobile homes are eligible for a maximum $12,500 tax credit on personal property. Many of these homes in the City of Elkhart, Indiana are assessed below the $12,500 personal property limit and do not pay personal property tax on their mobile home. The State of Indiana pays the municipalities the tax payment that the homeowner would have paid. In addition, since the homes are considered personal property the City does not realize as much tax revenue from the mobile home. The City must also look to the tax revenue from the land and any improvements to the land, even though they are continuing to provide the same caliber of service in mobile home parks as the rest of the City. 1.1 Purpose and Hypothesis The purpose of this study is to perform a cost/benefit fiscal assessment to determine the implications for a small city in Indiana that has large mobile home parks within its boundaries. I would hypothesize that the City of Elkhart would no longer approve mobile home park developments if it could be proven that each development is a fiscal burden to the City’s budget. There are ten mobile home parks within the city limits with all city services provided. 1.2 Need for this Study The need for this study is that no cost/benefit assessment study has been completed to provide data on the fiscal implications of mobile home parks. In other words, are the services provided to the homeowners of mobile homes at a cost to the municipality higher than the amount of property tax paid (or by state subsidy) to provide those services. This is valuable information for cities before they allow additional mobile home parks to be developed that could potentially be a drain on municipal resources. 1 .3 Methodology The purpose and hypothesis are supported by research methods including a review of literature on the topics of community character, a visual preference study, and the Indiana Tax Code. Existing research includes data from the City of Elkhart Controllers Office, the Elkhart County Assessors Office, The American Association of Retired Persons who funded a study on the satisfaction of mobile home buyers regarding product quality and craftsmanship and their satisfaction with timely and correct maintenance of their unit. 1.4 Limitations of the Study Personal property taxation and real property taxation are complex often-debated subjects. This paper does not attempt to explain all the facets of Indiana Tax policy how it affects mobile home owners and the municipalities in which they reside. However, it does concentrate on services provided by municipalities and how the mobile home owner pays for their part of those services used. Subjective points concerning mobile home park design characteristics and esthetics are touched on briefly due to the narrow scope of the paper and time restraints. 1.5 Organization This paper contains six chapters. Chapter 1 — Introduction provides a brief description of what the paper will discuss as well as the purpose and need for the study. Chapter 2 — Review of Literature discusses and defines the terms used throughout the paper, the assessment of process for mobile homes, national tax implications, and current trend data provided by the Manufactured Housing Institute. Chapter 3 — Personal Property Tax Credit covers the Indiana Tax credit passed in 1999 that gave homeowners a credit of $12,500 toward their personal property tax liability and an example of monthly expenses for homeowners with and without the tax credit figured into a hypothetical budget. Chapter 4 - Highland Mobile Home Park discusses the park featured in this study along with design characteristics of design shared by many small towns. Chapter 5 — Cost Benefit Assessment looks at the actual tax revenue collected and the expenses generated by the mobile home park. Chapter 6 — Conclusions and Recommendations closes with some ending thoughts and suggestions for future study. REVIEW OF LITERATURE Chapter 2 2. REVIEW OF LITERATURE As discussed earlier, little data regarding the taxation of mobile homes exists. A paper was written by a professor of urban economics that surveyed the State Tax Commissioners from all fifty states on how mobile homes are assessed for taxing purposes, the methods of valuation, and how special exemptions and other taxes are applied to the purchase of a mobile home. This chapter summarizes the terminology, concepts, and existing concepts for today’s mobile home owner. 2.1 Terminology and Definitions The term “mobile home” is familiar to many people when referring to a home that is mobile and can be moved from one location to another as opposed to stick built home that is constructed on the building site. What begins to cause confusion is when the term “manufactured house” is used and lay people are not sure what the difference is between mobile and manufactured housing. When in actuality the terms are really interchangeable. In more recent years the term manufactured home has become the industry standard. The United States Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) has regulated the construction of factory built housing since 1976 under the Manufactured Home Construction and Safety Standards (hereafter referred to as the code or HUD-code). In 1980, the designation of mobile home was changed to manufactured housing. This change was due in part to the change to a more durable home that was less mobile. Today, the homes are manufactured on a wheeled chassis that once the home is sited will be removed. In most instances, once the home has been sited in a particular location the unit is rarely moved again (Saunders 1986, 1). The Manufactured Housing Institute has recommended the following definition of a mobile home built before 1976 in order to identify these homes by pre—HUD code. The code states: A transportable, factory built home, designed to be used as a year round residential dwelling and built prior to enactment of the Federal Manufactured Housing Construction and Safety Standards Act of 1974, which became effective June 15, 1976. In many cases, mobile homes were built to a voluntary industry standard of the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) — A119.1 Standards for Mobile Homes (Saunders 1986, 7). Manufactured homes are defined slightly different after 1976 by HUD in that the code indicates minimum dimensions and a square foot minimum for each unit, the 1976 code as follows. “Manufactured Home” means a structure, transportable in one or more sections, which in the traveling mode is eight body feet or more in width or 40 body feet or more in length, or, when erected on site, is 320 or more square feet, and which is built on a permanent chassis and designated to be used as a dwelling with or without a permanent foundation when connected to the required utilities, and includes the plumbing, heating, air conditioning, and electrical systems (Saunders 1986, 6) 2.2 National Tax Implications L. Kenneth Hubbell of the Fiscal Research Center School of Policy Studies at Georgia State University found that little data regarding the taxation of manufactured housing is surprising given the popularity of this form of housing in the United Sates. From 1970 to 1990, people choosing manufactured housing in the housing market more than doubled from 3.1% to 7.2% in the overall housing market. This data is even more notable when compared to the single - family segment of the housing market. In 1970, one in twenty-five families lived in manufactured housing. By 1990, that number rose to more than one in ten. The growth in popularity of manufactured housing was in part due to the movement of people from urban to rural places, the shift in the population to the south and southwest regions of the country, the repeal or relaxation of restrictive regulations and laws, and finally the improvements in the terms and methods for financing a manufactured home. National figures indicate that the rapidly growing states of Arizona, Florida, Georgia, Nevada, North and South Carolina, and Texas where manufactured housing is sheltering a growing numbers of the population. What further popularizes manufactured housing as an alternative to site built homes is the perception that they are more cost effective that site built. Wlth the numbers of manufactured housing increasing, many states do not consider the property tax implications of the growth in manufactured housing. One problem is the long term effect manufactured hosing has on the fiscal well being of the community. Communities across the country are providing services to an increasing housing market, while not concerned with the revenue implications due in part that manufactured housing does not generate the tax revenue of site built homes (http:/Ifrp.aysps.gsu.edu/frp/frpreports/report_29ln029_fr.html). 2.3 Assessment Manufactured housing can be classified either as real property or personal property for the purpose of value-based taxes. This poses a complication for the application of pr0perty tax for manufactured housing. The first problem is that of determining when to tax manufactured housing as real property or personal property. No matter how well crafted or given any distinguishing features, the manufactured house is considered a residential home and is commonly classified as real property. The second issue revolves around the issue of valuation. Meaning, what method of valuation should be used in establishing the actual value or market value of manufactured houses and how does this method compare against site built homes (http://frp.aysps.gsu.edu/frplfrpreports/report_29/n020_fr.html). The difficult questions remain that assessors face are (1) should manufactured homes be taxed as real or personal property and (2) how should the assessed value be determined? Assessors usually employ one or more of three methods for determining fair market value for a property a comparative sales approach, a cost approach, and an income approach (http:/lfrp.aysps.gsu.edulfrp/frpreportslreport_29/n020_fr.htrnl). Since these are well known and outside the scope of this paper, definition and discussion are not addressed. Since the similarities to that of automobiles are common with regard valuation in some states, automobile types of guides are used. The Mobile Home Manufactured Housing Appraisal Guide published by the National Automobile Dealers Association’s and the Residential Value System published by Marshall and Swift are the two most common guides for valuation. The important point to be made with the guides are that they treat the manufactured housing as a depreciating asset (http:/ffrp.aysps.gsu.edulfrp/frpreports/report_29/n020_fr.htrnl). In the state of Indiana manufactured homes are assessed at the local level every four years. The way an assessed value is found for mobile homes is by size and fixtures found (number of bathrooms) on the inside. The state has a table by which local assessors can determine the values of each unit. This method is mandated by the state and is done using a worksheet to aid the assessor in determining valuation. The worksheet covers the basic data for the homeowner such as address and township as well as the dimensions of the unit, number of bedrooms and bathrooms, the foundation, if any, and if any additions or major upgrades have been completed on the unit. These upgrades may include skirting around the base or if a carport or garage has been added (http:/Ifrp.aysps.gsu.edu/frp/frpreports/report_29/n020_fr.html). From the State of Indiana, a copy of a Mobile Home Assessment worksheet used in determining the assessed value for manufactured homes is provided in Appendix A. Appendix B is two sections (rules) from the Real Property Assessment Manual published by the Indiana State Board of Tax Commissioners. Rule 1, the definition section is included for explanation of terminology used in Rule 8 the section used as reference for local tax assessors. Appendix C was provided by the Osolo Township (Elkhart, Indiana) Assessors Office from a conference on assessing manufactured homes presented by John Loos, the Cleveland Township Assessor. Examples of completed assessment worksheets are provided, the size charts used to determine assessed value, as well as a depreciation guide. 2.4 Manufactured Housing Trend Data The trend data in this chapter is provided by the Manufactured Housing Institute (MHI). A non-profit organization, MHI represents manufactured home builders, suppliers, retailers, community developers (including owners and managers), insurers, and financial service providers. MHI works to promote fair laws and regulations, improve financing options, provide technical analysis and research, promote industry professionalism, remove zoning barriers, and educate audiences about the benefits of manufactured housing (Manufactured Housing Institute 2000, 11). 2.4.1 Industry Data Figure 1 shows in 1993, manufactured housing accounted for 18% of the new housing starts in the United States with the total number of units shipped at 254,276 and an average price of $30,500. The total percentage of units shipped rose in the mid 1990’s to 24% before declining slightly near the end of the decade (Manufactured Housing Institute 2000, 4). By 1999, manufactured housing represented 21% of the new housing starts in the United States. The total number of units shipped in 1999 was 348,671 and the average price was $43,600 (Manufactured Housing Institute 2000, 1). The number of units is down some 6% from 1998 while the average sales price is down only 4%. However, the number of units sold is up 37% in 1999 from 1993 (Manufactured Housing Institute 2000, 4). Figure 1 - New Home Starts New Home Starts 1993-1999 90% 80%. _J 70% 60% 50% I Site Bu'lt Homes I Manufactured Homes 30% . 20% -. 10% 0% § li—I II". 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 Source: Manufactured Housing Institute 2000 Each unit is manufactured to a set of standards established by the federal government. The manufactured housing industry uses the standards developed by HUD. These standards regulate plumbing, heating, air conditioning, thermal and electrical systems, structural design, construction, transportation, energy efficiency, and fire safety. The manufactured housing unit is assembled in a factory-controlled environment (Manufactured Housing Institute 2000, 1). 2.4.2 Consumer Data The average age of the head of household is 52.6 years of age (55 percent of head of households are over age 50) and the median income is $26,900 per year. The average household size is 2.4 persons and 62 percent of manufactured housing households do not have children living at home (Manufactured Housing Institute 2000, 2). The data provided by the MHI indicates that the people residing in manufactured housing are older people approaching retirement and potentially on a fixed income. Figure 2 shows the entire breakdown of homeowner age. However, the distribution of homeownership is consistent through all age categories except those under 30. Figure 2 - Age of Head of Household 1T% 19% Age of Head of Household o 85 I<3O ISO—39 040—49 050-59 I60-69 [70> Source: Manufactured Housing Institute 2000 PERSONAL PROPERTY TAX CREDIT Chapter 3 3. PERSONAL PROPERTY TAX CREDIT In 1999 (payable 2000) the State of Indiana General Assembly created a new personal property tax credit for farmers, business owners, people who own mobile homes, manufactured homes, recreational vehicles, trailers, and airplanes. Prior to 1999 this tax credit did not exist. The state was working with a budget surplus and passed this surplus along to the taxpayers. The state gave all owners of mobile homes a $12,500 tax credit for their personal property assessed up to $12,500 (http:/library.bigchalk.com/cgi- binANebObjects/WOPrimo.woa/1 8/wa/getDoc?docid=44703626). 3.1 Personal Property Tax Credit The credit is calculated based on the assessed value of the personal property.’ The township assessor provides a list of taxpayers eligible for the credit to the county assessor by taxing district. This list is generated in order to ensure the local municipalities will not lose revenue, because the State of Indiana will not issue replacement credit (http:/lwww.state.in.us/taxcomm/html/officialslbulletins/Avcredit.html). However, the economy did not keep up the robust pace of the late 1990’s and the state repealed parts of the tax bill. By 2002, the $12,500 tax credit will disappear. The State of Indiana hopes to save itself $160 million for the year 2002 and $62 million for the year 2003 (http:/library.bigchalk.com/cgi- bin/WebObjects/WOPrimo.woa/18/walgetDoc?docid=44703626). Data received from the Indiana State Board of Tax Commissioners employee, Rick Clevenger on October 3, 2001 via facsimile indicated in 1999 (payable 2000), the State of Indiana paid out $184,839,562 statewide for residents claiming the credit, of which $6,607,760 or 3.6% was for the residents of Elkhart County; and in 2000 (payable 2001) the State paid $182,230,917 of which $6,323,717 or 3.5% was claimed in Elkhart County. For residents in the City of Elkhart this poses a problem that they have not had since 1998. They must pay taxes on their mobile home. For most of those owners this is not an undue burden. Using the formulas for assessment provided by the State of Indiana, referenced in Chapter 2, an overwhelming majority of the mobile homes within mobile home parks in the City, are assessed below $10,000 with a tax bill of in most cases below $500 (Elkhart County Assessor). In 2002 the State of Indiana will begin to allow mobile home owners the same benefits that stick built homeowners receive. They will be able to claim credits and deductions like the homestead credit, homestead deduction, mortgage deduction, veterans deduction, and deduction for the blind and disabled (http: Ilibrary. bigchalk. com/cgi- binNVebObjects/WOPrimo.woa/18lwalgetDoc?docid=44703626). 10 3.2 Homeowner cost Owning a home is part of the American dream. For many people however, coming up with the down payment is difficult and escaping the endless cycle of rent payments to save for that American dream can be an uphill battle. An alternative for some people is to purchase a mobile home. In theory it seems like a good idea. An individual pays for their home, finds a parcel of land or a mobile home park and places the home in a neighborhood of their choosing. However, after buying the mobile home and while making payments unless the homeowner has land purchased they must rent a space in a mobile home park. Many mobile home parks have amenities and facilities for residents to use. Common areas, paved streets, park benches, and landscaping are a few examples of the amenities provided by mobile home parks for residents. The expense that never goes away is the lot rent. Since the homeowner does not own the land the unit sits upon, the owner is obligated to continue to pay rent. Many people find this to be an acceptable option because mobile home sales are up and now account for some 20.7% of new home starts (Manufactured Housing Institute 2000, 1). Maintenance and upkeep on the unit is another consideration. The brochures from the manufacturer indicates that the units are built in a controlled environment that provides for the best possible quality control and can then be moved to the site and assembled in a manner of hours. This timetable from beginning of construction to the time when the unit is placed on the lot is only a few weeks. The unit is then warranted for a period of time and the manufacturer covers problems after the sale. Whereas, a stick built home can take as long as six to eight months to build depending on the speed of the contractors and the weather during the time of construction. This is not to say that there is not maintenance on a stick built home. The builder or contractor will also be responsible for those issues. In a survey completed by the American Association of Retired People in 1999 found that some 77% of the homeowners surveyed found at least one problem with either the construction, installation, electrical systems, or appliances in their home (http:/Iresearch.aarp.org/consumelmobile_1.html). The survey also found that the majority of the problems occurred within the first year (http:/Iresearch.aarp.org/consumelmobile_1 .html). Table 1 below is a hypothetical example of an individual purchasing a pre-owned manufactured home and what kind of monthly expenses that person could expect. The example is for a mortgage of $15,000 at an annual percentage rate of 12%. A local mortgage company that specializes in manufactured home loans provided the current rate. This rate is higher due to the increased risk for these 11 loans because the unit can be relocated, just like an automobile. The insurance and utilities are estimated. The taxes are an average of the total tax bills for the residents of Highland Mobile Home Park reflecting both with and without the credit applied. Table 1 - Example of Monthly Budget With and Without Tax Credit for Homeowner With the $12,500 Personal Property Tax Without the $12,500 Personal Property Tax Credit (no homestead or standard Credit (with homestead and standard deduction) deduction) House PaymentT 215.21 House Payment“ 215.21 Lot Rent3 207.00 Lot Rent‘ 207.00 lnsurance" 20.83 Insurance6 20.83 Utilities’ 75.00 Utilities” 75.00 Taxes” 0 Taxes1U 41 .67 Maintenance“ (up to 3 283.33 Maintenance” (up to 3 283.33 problems with unit at problems with unit at $1,140 per problem over 12 $1,140 per problem over 12 mo.) mo.) Total 801 .37 Total 843.04 These costs are not meant to be all-inclusive or to assume that these expenses are or will be the same for every homeowner. The primary difference between each half of Table 1 above is that the homeowner on the left will not have to pay their personal property tax bill for their unit. That same homeowner two years later will have to pay their personal property tax after the repeal of the tax credit bill. Because the assessed value of mobile homes is low the personal property tax each homeowner owes is not very much and will not have a substantial effect on a monthly budget. ' Based on a unit cost of$15,000 at 12.0% over 10 years. 2 Based on a unit cost ofs15,000 at 12.0% over 10 years. 3 Highland Mobile Home Park. 4 Highland Mobile Home Park. 5 Estimated 6 Estimated. 7 Estimated 8 Estimated 9 From the Personal Property Tax 13111 1001 passed in 1998. '0 From the Personal Property Tax Bill 100] passed in I998. “ AARP study on homeownership satisfaction. '2 AARP study on homeownership satisfaction. 12 HIGHLAND MOBILE HOME PARK Chapter 4 4. HIGHLAND MOBILE HOME PARK, ELKHART, INDIANA The City of Elkhart is located in north central Indiana in Elkhart County. The City is approximately 150 miles north of Indianapolis and 110 miles east of Chicago. The Interstate 80/90 Toll Road crosses the northern part of the community providing expressway access to Chicago, Illinois, Detroit, Michigan, and Toledo, Ohio. This corn'dor provides a link between the Great Plains and the east coast (Woolpert 1996, 2). The railroad also helped to encourage development of a number of other large businesses and industries within the City. This rail line also takes advantage of the east west connection from New York to the Great Plains. Elkhart at one time was able to lay claim the largest number of multi-millionaires per capita in the country. By the end of the 20th Century the economic and political climate had become very supportive of new business. This is evident in the large established industrial base. Elkhart County is second only to Marion County (Indianapolis) with the number of industrial jobs and first per capita in the number of industrial jobs. The City of Elkhart accounts for the largest percentage of industrial jobs in Elkhart County (Woolpert 1996, 4). These great business entrepreneurs have paved the way for industrial prosperity for decades to come. The 1950’s began the era of manufactured housing and recreation vehicles for the City. Mobile homes, modular housing, and recreational vehicles have helped Elkhart become known as the manufactured housing capital of the world. The City of Elkhart has itself 10 mobile home parks within the city boundaries. The parks range in both size and age of units located within each park. The smallest and one of the oldest (over 30 years ago) has only 60 units to a park developed in 1997 with over 350 units. 1825 lots are for lease in the City mobile home parks, which is 8% of the total number of the 21,688 housing units located in the City of Elkhart (US. Census). 4.1 Highland Mobile Home Park, Elkhart, Indiana The following paragraphs discuss briefly the characteristics that are desirable amenities for neighborhoods, many of which are not found in many mobile home parks. This discussion is meant as a contrast to the type of mobile home park development that has occurred in the past. The photos shown below are from Highland Mobile Home Park, in the City of Elkhart. The park is located on the northeast side of the City with 274 lots for lease to owners of mobile homes. The park provides few amenities and has little common or play space. The park is provided service by the City with water, sewer, and trash pickup. This park is a 13 typical example of the type of park located in many cities throughout the United States that do not offer much in the way of aesthetics to a community, only a functional place for people to live. 4.1.1 Neighborhood Characteristics Randall Arendt’s 1994 book Rural By Design was a valuable source for information and data on the characteristics of a community. His book is used as a reference where planners (as well as developers, conservationists, local officials, and concerned residents) can gain information on specific topics related to neighborhood design. This reference would be an excellent resource for developers of mobile home parks in order to provide exceptional amenities for their residents. Several of these characteristics are potentially applicable to mobile home communities located within small towns. Arendt excerpts from the book Vermont Townscape, 10 amenities or characteristics commonly shared by small towns. The first is institutional buildings around a town common. Second, buildings having a human scale at 1 1/2 to 2 1/2 stories in height and not wider than the average home. Third, buildings having a high quality of architecture. Buildings are well crafted, traditional, and appealing to the average person. Fourth, no heavy traffic where heavy traffic is diverted away from the town centers. Fifth, limited commercial facilities, rural towns tend to be small with few retail stores. Sixth, a major amenity often overlooked is landscaping. Seventh, no incompatible architecture, buildings of similar style, shape, and size harmonize a community. Eight, a sense of enclosure with well defined streets outlined by trees and buildings. Nine, a lack of clutter, harmonious signage and advertising compatible with the period with an exception from overhead power lines and traffic signals. Finally, number ten special features that include monuments, bandstands, gazebos, park benches, and small water features (Arendt 1994, 55- 56). The ten characteristics above taken as a whole would not apply to many, if any mobile home parks. However, several taken individually would be quite applimble to most mobile parks. Landscaping is one element that is often overlooked by developers. Without plant material to offer shade and to soften the hard edges of built structures, the park development can appear sterile. 14 Photo 1 -This image is typical of the type of unit that is found in Highland Mobile Home Park. This image also demonstrates the lack of landscaping and close proximity of one unit to another. Another characteristic that is applicable to park development is a sense of enclosure. Most mobile home park streets are defined with the unit placed on the lot with off street parking for one or two cars. However, many times the units are placed with the garage or carport facing the street and the front door of the unit facing the adjacent unit, not visible to the street. The lots are laid out long and narrow to accommodate more units in the development. Photo 2 -This photo shows a unit in Highland with a porch overhang and deck added. Finally, as the author describes special features are too often missing from mobile home parks. The park is laid out to accommodate as many units as 15 possible to ensure the highest return for the park owner. This layout leaves little room for any open space or features to enhance the surroundings for the residents. Figure 3 below is the site map of Highland Mobile Home Park which shows the units oriented perpendicularly to street to allow for a greater density of use on the site. Figure 3 — Site map of Highland Mobile Home Park #14404}!!! I EE’ 5? 3 i5 .4 1 .. :3: 3% 7t .4 :- E? ' .35 A A =é 5? $5 4 ‘A r_- I; i: A ‘ :: Ig ‘ ‘ _-. ‘ it?» aux-y» a» barrier-bu)» , - I In I" Photo 3 - This photo taken in Highland Mobile Home Park demonstrates the typical layout of mobile homes within a park set 90 degrees to the street to accommodate more units. Photo 4 - From Highland Mobile Home Park another view of the orientation of homes to the street, leaving little room for open space or landscaping. The trees shown are from the adjacent PFOPeTtY- A New Jersey visual preference study conducted by Anton Nelessen using townspeople, developers, and public officials to determine what elements and characteristics they like and also dislike. This award-winning project allowed Nelessen to explain the principles of communities of place (Arendt 1994, 15). 17 The two parts of the study that would apply to mobile home park design are from the sections for ‘village streets’ and ‘residential areas’. The survey based data for Village Streets are highlighted below: - two travel lanes, each 10 feet wide, - indirect travel routes to slow speeds, - curbside parallel parking for visitors, - street trees spaced at 20 foot intervals, - relatively short and narrow streets to define “spaces and places”, - low traffic volume, - low speed limit (25 mph). The survey based data for Residential Streets are highlighted below: - modest front yard setbacks of 15-20 feet, - fences or hedges 2 Va to 3 1/2 feet high to define front yard from sidewalk, - tree planting strips between sidewalk and curbing, - minimum roof pitch 8:12, dormers preferred, - porches on 10 to 50 percent of front facades, - traditional cladding colors and materials, - window proportions tall and narrow, - garage or parking located at rear of lot, - house fronts facing the street, - main floor at or above grade (Arendt 1994, 58). The New Jersey study is beneficial because it was conducted using lay people who are not design professionals indicating what they see is important. This data can be used to reinforce the academic and professional design elements for park design. The photos of Highland Mobile Home Park are too often the typical development seen in many communities. If developers were to work more closely with local officials, design professionals, and community members these types of developments would be the exception rather than the norm. 18 COST BENEFIT ASSESSMENT Chapter 5 5. COST BENEFIT ASSESSMENT The cost benefit assessment model performed for this paper is an examination of cost versus revenue, in other words whether an existing mobile home park is a fiscal drain to the local economy. By examining the revenue from the mobile home park and the costs related to municipal services it could be determined if allowing future development should be accommodated. The assessment for this paper looked at one of ten mobile home parks in the City of Elkhart, Indiana. The following pages in this chapter outline the fiscal impact of this park. 5.1 Preliminary Data The first part of the model contains the basic information pertinent to the investigation. The Market Value of the mobile homes was a difficult task to complete. The majority of the homes located in the park are singlewide units of various ages. To get a reasonable idea of the value I contacted a local mortgage company that specializes in loans to people purchasing mobile homes. They allowed me to borrow an industry wide guide for determining the value of pre owned homes. The guide is published by the same company and similar to that of the Blue Book used when evaluating pre owned cars. The National Automobile Dealers Association (NADA) uses the size, age, and manufacturer’s make and model for a market value. Since an obvious problem existed in collecting all of that data for 247 units in Highland Mobile Home Park I used the assessors records that provided me the size, age, and make of each unit but not the model. I took all of the records provided me by the assessor and randomly chose records that I could find data for in the NADA’s guide. I looked at 62 units, a sample of 25% of the total units in the park. Determined the market value of each and totaled the data and took an average. (To get a more accurate idea of market value the model would be required. For the purpose of this study the amount of data available was sufficient.) The average was $10,901.84. The next data collected was the tax rate for personal property in the City of Elkhart in Osolo Township. (There are four townships that make up the City of Elkhart. Osolo Township is were the Highland Mobile Home Park is located.) That rate is 9.0991 per $100 of assessed value. The real property tax rate is 10.9423 per $100 of assessed value. A reminder that mobile homes are considered personal property when parked on leased land. Therefore the land is the only real property in this study. The total amount of property taxes collected (revenue) — the Total Tax Levy for the City of Elkhart in 2000 was $23,415,513 and all other miscellaneous taxes were $25,742,899. These figures provide the revenue for the City. 19 The school system is a service supported in part by local and state monies. The Elkhart Community School budget for the 1999-2000 school year was $90,027,339.00, with $47,893,043.00 provided from the local taxing districts. The total enrollment for the 1999-2000 school year was 12,780. The local aid per student in the City of Elkhart is $3,747.50 and the state portion per student is $3,257.37. The Controller’s Office for the City of Elkhart provided data for government expenditures. The revenue data was broken into three categories general government ($31 ,102,768.00), public safety ($3,509,096.00), and the remainder to include all other categories ($7,472,716.00). The last preliminary data required is the total number of units in the development (247), the residential proportion of real property (76.10%), the existing number of residential housing units in The City of Elkhart (21,688), and the average home sale price in the City of Elkhart ($81,023.00). 20 Table 2 - Preliminary Data for Model Werrmrnary Data 1 Market Value of Mobile Homes $ 10,901.84 2 Residential Tax Rate per $100 10.9423°/o 3 Total Tax Levy $ 23,415,51300 4 Total School Budget $ 90,027,33900 5 Miscellaneous Revenue $ 25,742,89900 6 Local Share of School BUdLet @ll Local Aid) $ 47,893,04300 7 Number of School Children 12,780 Current Local Aid per Student (Local Share of School Budget 8 divided by # of School Children) $ 3,747.50 Current School Aid per Student (State School Aid divided by # of 9 School Children) $ 3,257.37 School Aged Children MultiplierzMobile Homes (Source Burchell, 10 Listokin, & Dolphin) (east north central) 0.476 Actual Expenditures General Government and Public Works (Highways & Streets and 11 Sanitation) (Source: City of Elkhart Controller's Office) $ 31 ,102,768.00 Protection of Persons and Property (Public Safety) (Source: City of 12 Elkhart Controller‘s Office) $ 3,509,096.00 13 All Other (Source: City of Elkhart Controller’s Office) $ 7,472,716.00 14 Number of Units in Development 247 15 Residential Proportion of Real Property 76.10% 16 Existing Residential Units 21,688 17 Average Home Sale Price in Elkhart $ 81,023.00 21 5.2 Revenue From Development The revenue from the development is taken from two places. The first is the tax collected from the assessed value of the land. The second is from the tax collected from the mobile homes sitting on the land. The first is,real property and the second is personal property. The market value of the development is determined by taking the market price from the NADA guidebook and multiplying it by the number of lots (units) in the development. This number was $2,692,754,48. The market value of the land was not investigated only the assessed value provided by the assessor was utilized for this study. The assessment rate is 10.9423/$100 of assessed value for real property and 9.0991/$100 of assessed value for personal property. Using these rates the assessed value of the land is $393,030.00 and the assessed value of the units is $564,900. The total of both is $957,930.00. The revenue in the form of tax from both the land and the units is $85,926.30. Table 3 - Revenue From Residential Development Revenue From Residential Development A. IRevenue From Property Tax on Development A-1. Market Value of Development (Mobile Homes Only) 2,692,754.48 A-2. Assessment Ratio (Osolo Township Assessor) 10.9423 (Land - 10.9423 & Units - 9.0991) A-3. Actual Assessed Value (Land only 393,030 & units 564,900) 957,930.00 A-4. Actual Personal Property Tax Collected 50,164.20 A-5 Actual Real Property Tax Collected 35,762.10 50164.20+35762.10 D. Total Estimated Revenue 85,926.30 5.3 Costs Due to Residential Development The costs associated with the development are divided into two areas. The cost associated with schools and the costs associated for services. From the preliminary data the cost per student for school cost locally is $3,747.50. The total number of children in the development currently is 163. 22 This number would fluctuate slightly every school year but for this study the current number is used. The total local cost to the community for the education of children in Highland Mobile Home Park is $610,842.50. The cost associated with services provided to the development is $42,084,580.00. This number is excluding any cost for school. The residential proportion of equalized value is 76%. The service cost for the residential portion is $32,026,385.38. This figure divided by the total number of residential units in the City gives a per household total of $1,476.69. When the per household cost is multiplied by 247 units in Highland Mobile Home Park the total service cost to the development is $364,741.44. The overall total for services and schools are totaled the amount is $975,583.94. Table 4 - Costs Due To Development [Costs Due To Residential Development A. School Cost Due to Development A-1 Current School Cost per student 3,747.50 A-2. INumber of Students (Source: Elkhart Community Schools) 163 A-3 Total School Cost per Year 610,842.50 B. Service Cost Due to Development (Costs associated with Library, Health, Recreation, Police, Fire and Road Maintenance) B—1. City expenditures excluding schools 42,084,58000 multiplied by B-2. Residential portion of Equalized Value 76.10% B-3. Service Costs due to Residential 32,026,36538 divided by B-4. 'Number of Residential Units 21,688 B-5 Service Cost per Unit 1,476.69 multiplied by 36 lNumber of residential units 247 B-7. Town Service Cost for Residential Units 364,741.44 D. Total Costs due to development 975,583.94 23 5.4 Fiscal Impact of Development The fiscal impact of Highland Mobile Home Park is taking the total revenue from the development and subtracting the total cost to see how the development is affecting the fiscal health of the City. From earlier in this chapter it was determined that the total revenue collected for Highland was $85,926.30 and the total cost is $975,583.94. Revenue minus cost leaves a deficit of just under $1,000,000. The figure that is really is the easiest for the majority of the tax paying public would be the ratio of revenue to cost. The model indicates that for every dollar collected in revenue, $11.35 in services is provided. Table 5 - Net Fiscal Impact of Development III INet Fiscal Impact Resulting from Development A. Total Revenue from Residential Development $ 85,926.30 B. Total Costs due to Residential Development $ 975,583.94 C. 'Net Fiscal Impact per Year $ (889,657.64) Summary A. lNet Benefit (Loss) To The City of Elkhart $ (889,657.64) B. IRatio of Revenue to Costa: Every $1 in Revenue = This in Costsj $ 11.35 I 24 CONCLUSIONS/RECOMMENDATIONS Chapter 6 6. CONCLUSIONS/RECOMMENDATIONS The cost benefit assessment for Highland Mobile Home Park provides a relatively low cost alternative to home ownership. The $12,500 tax credit on personal property assessed below that amount helped many people. However, this credit brought to the attention of the author that with all of the mobile home in the City assessed below $12,500 with the exception of one unit, that the services provided the residents of these communities were most likely not paying very much for those services because of the way the unit was assessed. The rate of taxation is lower and the fact that the assessed value is based on the size rather than a percentage of the market value is a flawed system. The State of Indiana is working to correct this system. By 2002 (payable 2003) the State will change the assessment procedures so that the assessed value of a home is a percentage of the market value. This will standardize the assessed values of homes and make the assessment process much more understandable for the layperson. 6.1 Future Study The aspects of this assessment were limited to one mobile home park. Therefore the results are limited in there usefulness. The fiscal impacts of this park was important to see how one park can, in this case, cost the City of Elkhart a great deal of money in services provided. In order to place this assessment in a better perspective, an assessment of all the mobile home parks would need to be completed. These studies would provide the governing bodies the kind of information necessary to make land use decisions that could have terrific ramifications on the fiscal healm of the community. By looking at all of the parks compared to different types of residential uses (i .e. stick built homes, apartments, condominiums) could be assessed using the model in the same way in order to determine whether or not the revenue collected was sufficient to meet the costs of providing services. If the revenue is consistently not meeting the rising cost of services alternatives in the development process might need to be implemented. Fees to cover road improvements or monies to cover an expansion of a school would be some suggested solutions. Regardless of the outcome of this study, services will continue and schools will continue to operate. However, this study could be the beginning of policy changes with regard to personal property taxation in order to spread the cost of providing services to all the residents of the City of Elkhart. 25 REFERENCE LIST REFERENCE LIST American Association of Retired Persons. 1999. National Survey of Mobile Home Owners. Available from httpzllresearch.aarp.orglconsumelmobile_1.html; Internet, Accessed 27, July 2001. Apgar,W1lliam C. Jr., George S. Masnick, and Nancy McArdle. 1991. Housing in Amen'ca: 1970-2000. The Nation ’3 Housing Needs for the Balance of the 20‘" Century. Cambridge: Joint Center for Housing Studies, Harvard University. Arendt, Randall. 1994. Rural by Design: Maintaining Small Town Character. Chicago: American Planning Association. Brent, Ruth and Benyamin Schwarz, eds. Popular American Housing: A Reference Guide. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press. Burchell, Robert w. and David Listokin. 1979. The Fiscal Impact Guidebook: Estimating Local Costs and Revenues of Land Development. New Brunswick, New Jersey: Center for Urban Policy Research. Burchell, Robert W., David Listokin, and William R. Dolphin. 1985. The New Practitioner's Guide To Fiscal Impact Analysis. New Brunswick, New Jersey: Center for Urban Policy Research. Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation. 1982. Planning for the Mobile Home: Advisory Document. Canada. Eppli, Mark J. and Charles C. Tu. 1999. Valuing The New Urbanism: The Impact of the New Urbanism on Prices of Single-Family Homes. Washington DC: The Urban Land Institute. Finance Division of the Mobile Homes Manufacturers Association. 1966. The Appraisal Guide For Mobile Home Parks. Chicago: Mobile Home Manufacturers Association. Grigsby, William and Morton Baratz. 1986. Residential Investment: Too Much or Too Little? A Review of Federal Housing Subsidy Programs with Special Reference to Proposals for Reform of the lntemal Revenue Code. Philadelphia: Department of City and Regional Planning, University of Pennsylvania. Goetz, Edward G. 1993. Shelter Burden: Local Politics and Progressive Housing Policy. Philadelphia: Temple University Press. 26 Hubbell, L. Kenneth. 1999. State and Local Government Taxation of Manufactured Housing. Georgia State University: Fiscal Research Center, School of Policy Studies. Available from http:/Ifrp.aysps.gsu.edul‘frplfrpreportslreport_29ln020_fr.html; Internet, Accessed 27, July 2001. Indiana State Board of Tax Commissioners. 1992. Real Property Assessment Manual: Rules 1-9. Indianapolis: Indiana State Board of Tax Commissioners. Joint Center for Housing Studies of Harvard University. 1999. The State of the Nation’s Housing - 1999. Cambridge: Harvard University. Manufactured Housing Institute. 2000. Quick Facts: The Latest Trends and Information on the Manufactured Housing Industry. Arlington, Vrrginia: Manufactured Housing Institute. National Automobile Dealer Association. 2001. Manufactured Housing Appraisal Guide. Costa Mesa, California: National Appraisal Guide, Incorporated. Newcomb, Robinson. 1971-1972. Mobile Home Parks, Part 1: An Analysis of Characteristics. Washington DC: The Urban Land Institute. Partners for Livable Places. 1989. The Better Community Catalog: A Sourcebook of Ideas, People, and Strategies for Improving the Place Where You Live. Washington DC: Acropolis Books Limited. Sanders, Welford. 1986. Regulating Manufactured Housing. Chicago: American Planning Association. Stryz, Jan. 2000. Giant Manufactured Home Parks — Blight to Rural Areas. Michigan Environmental Report (October): 10-11. Suchman, Diane R. 1995. Manufactured Housing: An Affordable Alternative. Washington DC: The Urban Land Institute. White, Mark. 1992. Affordable Housing: Proactive and Reactive Planning Strategies. Chicago: American Planning Association. Woolpert. “Comprehensive Land Use Plan: City of Elkhart, Indiana.” 1996. City of Elkhart. Photocopied. 27 APPENDIX A -x'fivs\fi§‘dh~ Ps\ PtLh-\ -K'Hfl-\q «It L:I."'I.‘ li‘nfiltifflh . fllzc~1F Cs finial. 1511.81.11... ‘WNY‘EOR FZUEnwmfilhmmlrmmhl‘ .IIWEDV“ ”NJ‘MHOE 43H“ ‘rw.dr\\ r5. I 5.: n: 6 m3<> 83me m34<> X(# was. r_<._.O.r .o f 8.... .22. .<.sz2m..oa5m “_o 45.9 .n w3._<> K<._. max... NSC: m.:mO_2 .v _s l _... l _s l _... l 7 I T. I 20.2858 £20: 360: 5:30 .n 8 2.3 .500 20.5200Ewm 920: 360.2 .N 8 8 on on on om ¢ szzmmmmw... .. m3..<> x5. may... 02533.20 19. 33313 mezm2m>0¢o§ .fizmzmdo am no m3<> 5:. may: .25» .5 U 8 ou80>< D ”mam 3 8 20.2300 0.... 9. 0e .mot. 8 $8 Eocoom .n zOEoo< :OOm . $8? 260 .N .50» .neai 0: U a a 82 828 .88 8a. pink. 3:55» 3..» sol-mu Sauna-box in“. coauthwaom 3 05m 83. .3 3.23“. 8a: 0.5 g .430 30> 30> g .200 :8 mm: o. *ouw 88240 .w «9.35... Scam 620: name: .32. mezmzm>oma§ ..<...zm2m._a.a.:m “.o >¢<22=u 35.0 .2: I 3:3 ism $55. 3:23» 2:36 a has .80 assessaé .o .58 _..: 23m .3... s as... See :5: .... o... n 0252:: 8 one o .m .< 3:3 2.3 3am .80.? G 0552.230 .2 .2200 .n . q 85o a... .N one .31 use set .3 E 8:52 68m a 2.1.550; 83 6 I m - m... .oEnEat + .2 .200 A0 02.20....5200 m? a 03.2w: 9.22m .n .80 2.2.5 + .30 8.32.3“. a in 3.6 .u 8 on. 93 xo on x A 232; E m . . 22,. .m on < 239m 20:32.6“. 20:33:00 hzmzmmmmm.‘ E5 0:.qu ‘ 25:32. .330 _o 252 33.8... .258 e. .as as... c... s. as as. issues... 25.3% 2. Se 32...: e .888... 35$...» “20: 02.32. 2.8.3.258 E .a 2.8 2% a... 5 uses... n as“. 9e. . .8: . a... 8% ea“. 2% pmmzmzxoz. pzmsmmummg‘ 920... “5.30.2 28 APPENDIX B Rule 1. Definitions 50 [AC 2.2-1-1 Real estate appraisal terms Authority: lC 6-l.l-4-26; lC 6-l.l-3l-l Affected: lC 6-l.l-4 Sec. 1. The real estate appraisal terms and definitions in this rule apply throughout this article. Certain rules of this article include a definition section to further define the terms used within that rule. (State Board of Tax Commissioners; 50 IAC 2.2-1-1; filed Sep 14, 1992, 12:00p.m.: 16 IR 270) 501AC 2.2-1-2 “Actual age” defined Authorityle 6-l.l—4-26; lC 6-l.l-3l-l Affected: IC 6-l.l~4 Sec. 2. “Actual age” means the number of years elapsed since the original construction up to the effective valuation date. Compare with “effective age” as defined in section 26 of this rule. (State Board of Tax Commissioners; 50 [AC 2.2-1-2; filed Sep 14, 1992, 12:00 p.m.: 16 IR 270) 50 IAC 2.2-1-3 “Ad valorem tax” defined Authority: IC 6-l.l-4-26; IC 6-1.l-31-l Affected: IC 6-l.1-4 Sec. 3. “Ad valorem tax” means a tax based upon the value of the property. (State Board of Tax Commissioners; 50 [AC 22- 1-3; filed Sep 14, 1992, 12:00 p.m.: 16 IR 270) ' 50 IAC 2.2-1-4 “Agricultural property” defined Authority: IC 6-l.1-4-26; IC 6-l.1-31-l Affected: IC 6-l.l-4 Sec...'4. “Agricultural property” means land and improvements devoted to or best adaptable for the production of crops, fruits, timber. and the raising of livestock. (State Board of Tax Commissioners; 50 [AC 2.2-1-4; filed Sep 14, 1992, 12:00 p.m.: 16 IR 270) 50 IAC 2.2-1-5 “Appraisal” defined Authority: IC 6-l.l-4-26; lC 6-l.l—3l-l Affected: IC 6-1.1-4 Sec. 5. “Appraisal” means an estimate, usually in written form, of the value of a specifically described property as of a specified date. It may be used synonymously with “valuation" or “appraised value". (State Board of Tax Commissioners; 501AC 2.2-1-5; filed Sep 14, 1992, 12:00 p.m.: 16 IR 270) 50 IAC 2.2-1.6 “Appraisal schedule” defined Authority: lC 6-l.l-4-26; IC 6-1.1-31-1 Affected: IC 6-l.l-4 Sec. 6. “Appraisal schedule” means any standardized schedule or table used in conjunction with a revaluation program such as a reproduction cost pricing schediJle, depreciation table, or land depth table. (State Board of Tax Commissioners; 50 [AC 22- 1-6; filed Sep 14, 1992, 12:00 p.m.: 16 IR 270) 50 IAC 2.2-1-7 “Appraiser” defined Authority: IC 6~l.l-4-26; lC 6—l.l-3l-l Affected: IC 6- 1.1-4—17 Sec. 7. “Appraiser" means a person who estimates value or possesses the expertise to execute or direct the execution of an appraisal. A professional appraiser under IC 6-1.l-4-l7 is an individual who is certified as a level two (’2) assessor-appraiser or a firm that has as its resident supervisor in each county in which it is employed an individual who is certified as a level two (2) assessoroappraiser. (State Board of Tax Commissioners; 50 [AC 2.2-1- 7; filed Sep 14. 1992, 12:00 p.m.: 16 IR 270) _29 50 [AC 2.2-1-8 “Assessed value” or “assessed valuation” defined Authority: lC 6-l.l-4-26: lC 6-l.l-3l-l Affected: 1C 6-l.l-4 Sec. 8. “Assessed value” or “assessed valuation" means an amount equal to thirty-three and one-third percent (33 l/3%) of the true tax value of property. (State Board of Tax Commissioners; 50 IAC 2.2-1-8; filed Sep 14. 1992, 12:00 p.m.: 16 IR 270) 50 [AC 2.2-1-9 “Assessing” defined Authority: lC 6-l.l-4-26; IC 6-l.l-31-l Affected: IC 6-l.l-4 ' Sec. 9. “Assessing" means the act of valuing a property for the purpose of establishing a tax base. (State Board of Tax Commissioners; 50 IAC 2.2-1-9; filed Sep 14, 1992, 12:00 p.m.: 16 IR 270) 50 IAC 2.2-1-10 “Assessment” defined Authority: IC 6-l.1-4-26; lC 6-l.l-31-l Affected: lC 6-l.l-4 Sec. 10. “Assessment” means the value of taxable property to which the tax rate is to be applied in order to compute the amount of taxes. It may be used synonymously with “assessed value", “taxable value”, and “tax base”. (State Board of Tax Commissioners; 50 IAC 2.2-1-10;fi1ed Sep 14, 1992, 12:00 p.m.: 16 IR 271) 50 IAC 2.2-1-11 “Assessment date” defined Authority: IC 6-l.l-4-26; IC 6-1.1-31-l Affected: IC 6-l.l-4-4 Sec. 11. “Assessment date” means March 1 for all tangible property. In this article it means March 1, 1995, and each March 1 until the next general reassessment under IC 6-1.1-4-4. (State Board of Tax Commissioners; 50 IAC 2.2-1-11; filed‘Sep 14, 1992, 12:00 p.m.: 16 IR 271) 50 [AC 2.2-1-12 “Assessment notice” or “Form 11” defined Authority: IC 6-l.1-4-26; IC 6-l.1-31-l Affected: IC 6-l.1-4 Sec. 12. “Assessment notice" or “Form 11” means a written notification to a property owner of the assessed value of certain properties described in the notice. It is mandated by law to be given to each property owner following a revaluation of the property. (State Board of Tax Commissioners; 50 IAC 2.2-1-12; filed Sep 14, 1992, 12:00 p.m.: I 6 IR 271) 50 IAC 2.2-1-13 “Assessment period” defined Authorityle 6-l.l-4-26; IC 6—1.l-31-1 Affected: IC 6-1.l-4 Sec. 13. “Assessment period” means the period of time during which the assessment of all properties within a given assessment district must be completed. It is also the period between tax lien dates. (State Board of Tax Commissioners; 50 IAC 2.2-1-13;fi1ed Sep 14, I 992, I2:00 p.m.: 16 IR 271) 50 IAC 2.2-1-14 “Assessment roll” defined Authority: IC 6—l.l-4-26; 1C 6—l.l-3l-l Affected: IC 6—l.l-4 Sec. 14. “Assessment roll" means the official listing of all properties within a given taxing jurisdiction by ownership, description, and location showing the corresponding assessed value for each. Also referred to as “tax list", “tax book”, “tax duplicate", and “tax roll”. (State Board of Tax Commissioners; 50 IAC 2.2-1-14; filed Sep 14. 1992, 12:00pm..- [6 IR 271) 30 50 IAC 2.2-1-15 "Assessor" defined Authority: IC 6-l.l-4-26; IC 6-l.l-3l-l Affected: IC 6-l.l-4 Sec. 15. "Assessor" means the administrator charged with the assessment of property for ad valorem taxes. (State Board of Tax Commissioners; 50 [AC 2.2-1-15; filed Sep 14, 1992, 12:00 p.m.: I 6 IR 271) 50 IAC 2.2-1-16 "Base price" defined Authorityle 6«1.l-4-26; IC 6—1.l-31-l Affected: IC 6-1.l-4 Sec. 16. ”Base price" means a value or unit rate established for a certain specified model. and subject to adjustments to account for variations between that particular model and the subject property under appraisement. (State Board of Tax Commissioners; 50 IAC 2.2-1-16; filed Sep 14, I 992, 12:00 p.m.: 16 IR 27!) 50 IAC 2.2-1-1‘7 "Blighted area" defined Authority: IC 6-1.l-4-26; IC 6-l.l-31-l Affected: IC 6—1.l-4 Sec. 17. "Blighted area" means a declining area characterized by marked structural deterioration or environmental deficiencies, or both. (State Board of Tax Commissioners; 50 [AC 2.2-1-17: filed Sep 14, I 992, 12:00 p.m: 16 IR 271) ' 50 IAC 2.2-1-18 "Board of review" defined Authority: IC 6—l.1-4-26;IC 6-1.1-31-1 Affected: IC 6-1.1 Sec. 18. "Board of review" is the county board established under IC 6-1.l-28 charged with the responsibility of reviewing assessments under IC 6—1.1~13 to assure that properties are assessed at a uniform level. (State Board of Tax Commissioners; 50 IAC 22-1-18; filed Sep 14, 1992. 12:00 p.m.: 16 IR 271) 50 IAC 2.2-1-19 "Cost approach" defined Authority: IC 6-l.l-4-26; IC 6-1.l-3l-l Affected: IC 6-1.l-4 Sec. 19. "Cost approach" means one (1) of the three (3) traditidnal approaches to value by which an indication of the value of a property is arrived at by estimating the value of the land, the replacement or reproduction cost new of the improvement, and the amount of depreciation to the improvement. The estimated land value is added to the estimated depreciated value of the improvements to arrive at the estimated property value. (State Board of Tax Commissioners; 50 IAC 2.2-1-19; filed Sep 14, 1992, I 2:00 p.m.: 16 IR 271) 50 IAC 2.2-1-20 "Depreciation" defined Authority: IC 6-l.l-4-26; IC 6—1.l-31-l Affected: 1C 6-1.l-4 Sec. 20. ”Depreciation"‘means loss in value from all causes. It may be further classified as follows: (1) Physical, which refers to the loss of value caused by physical deterioration. (2) Functional. ' ‘ (3) Economic. (State Board of Tax Commissioners; 50 IAC 2.2-1-20; filed Sep 14, I 992, 12:00 p.m.: I6 IR 271) 50 [AC 2.2-1-21 "Depreciation allowance" defined Authority: IC 6-l.l-4-26; IC 6-1.1-3l-l Affected: IC 6-l.l-4 Sec. 21. "Depreciation allowance" means a loss of value expressed in terms of a percentage of replacement or reproduction cost new. The depreciation allowance applies to all real property improvements constructed before March 2, 1995. Real property improvements constructed after March 1, 1995, shall not receive a physical 3 1 (1994 Amendment) Rule 1 . Page 3 depreciation allowance. (State Board of Tax Commissioners; 50 IAC 2.2-1-21; filed Sep 14, [992, 12:00 p.m.: 16 IR 272) 50 IAC 2.2-1-22 "Design factor" defined Authority: 1C 6-l.l-4-26; 1C 6.1.1-31-1 Affected: IC 6-1.l-4 Sec. 22. "Design factor" means a factor or multiplier applied to a computed reproduction cost as an adjustment to account for cost variations attributable to the particular design of the subject property which were not accounted for in the particular pricing schedule used. (State Board of Tax Commissioners; 50 IAC 2.2-1-22; filed Sep I4, I 992. 12:00 p.m.: 16 IR 272) ' 50 IAC 2.2-1-23 "Deterioration" defined Authority: IC 6—l.l-4-26; IC 6-l.l-31-1 Affected: IC 6-l.l-4 Sec. 23. "Deterioration" means impairment of structural condition evidenced by the wear and tear caused by physical use and the action of the elements. Also referred to as "physical depreciation". (State Board of Tax Commissioners; 50 IAC 2.2-1-23; filed Sep 14, 1992, 12:00 p.m.: 16 IR 272) 50 IAC 2.2-1-24 "Economic obsolescence" defined Authority: IC 6—l.l-4»26; IC 6-l.l-31-1 Affected: IC 6-1.1-4 Sec. 24. "Economic obsolescence" means obsolescence caused by factors extraneous to the property. Also referred to as "economic depreciation". (State Board of Tax Commissioners; 50 [AC 2.2-I ~24; filed Sep 14, 1992. 12:00 p.m.: 16 IR 272) 50 IAC 2.2-1-25 "Effective age" defined (Repealed) Sec. 25. (Repealed by State Board of Tax Commissioners; filed Jun 24, 1994, 2:00 p.m.: 17 IR 2619) 50 IAC 2.2-1-25.1 "Effective age" defined Authority: IC 64.14.26; IC 6-1.l-3l-l Affected: IC 6-l.l~4 Sec. 25.1. "Effective age" means an age assigned to a structure based on its remaining economic life as of the effective valuation date. It may be more or less than the structure’s actual age. When the actual age of a structure is affected by changes in the structure’s remaining economic life, the assessor shall use the effective age in calculating the depreciation of the structure. Compare with ”actual age" as defined in section 2 of this rule. (State Board of Tax Commissioners; 50 IAC 2.2-I -25.1 ; filed Jun 24, 1994, 2:00 p.m.: I 7 IR 2522) 50 IAC 2.2-1-26 "Effective assessment date" defined Authority: IC 6-l.l-4-26; IC 6—l.l-31~l Affected: IC 6—1.l-4 Sec. 26. "Effective assessment date" means the date as of which the value estimate is applicable. In this article, the effective assessment date is March 1, 1995. (State Board of Tax Commissioners; 50 IAC 2. 2-1-26; filed Sep 14, 1992, 12:00 p.m.: 16 IR 272) 50 IAC 2.2-1-27 "Equalization" defined Authority: IC 6—l.l-4-26: IC 6—l.l-3l—l Affected: IC 6-l.l-4 Sec. 27. "Equalization" means a mass appraisal or reappraisal of all pmperty within a given taxing jurisdiction with the goal of equalizing values in order to assure that each taxpayer is bearing only the fair share of the tax load. It may be used synonymously with a "revaluation program". (State Board of Tax Commissioners; 50 IAC 2.2-1-27; filed Sep 14, I992. 12:00 p.m.: 16 IR 272) 3 2 (1994 Amendment) Rule 1 . nge 4 50 [AC 2.2-1-28 "Equity" defined Authority: IC 6-1.l-4-26; IC 6—l.l-31-l Affected: IC 6-l.1-4 Sec. 28. "Equity" means the tax load is distributed fairly or equitably. It is opposite of "inequity" which refers to an unfair or unequitable distribution of the tax burden. "Inequity" is a natural product of changing economic conditions which can only be effectively cured by periodical equalization programs. (State Board of Tax Commissioners; 50 IAC 2.2-1-28; filed Sep 14, 1992, 12:00 p.m.: 16 IR 272) 50 IAC 2.2-1-29 "Functional obsolescence" defined Authority: IC 64.1426; 1C 6-1.l-31-1 Affected: IC 6—l.l-4 Sec. 29. "Functional obsolescence" means obsolescence caused by factors inherent in the property itself. Also referred to as "functional depreciation". (State Board of Tax Commissioners; 50 IAC 2.2-1-29; filed Sep 14, 1992. 12:00 p.m.: 16 IR 272) 50 IAC 2.2-1-30 "Grade" defined Authority: IC 6-1.l-4—26; IC 6-l.l-3l-1 Affected: IC 6-l.l-4 Sec. 30. "Grade" means the classification of an improvement based on certain construction specifications and quality of materials and workmanship. (State Board of Tax Commissioners; 50 IAC 2.2—1-30; filed Sep 14, I 992. 12:00 p.m.: 16 IR 272) 50 IAC 2.2-1-31 "Grade factor" defined Authority: IC 6-l.l-4—26; IC 6-l.1-31-l Affected: IC 6—l.l-4 Sec. 31. "Grade factor" means a factor or multiplier applied to a base grade level for the purpose of interpolating between grades or establishing an intermediate grade. (State Board of Tax Commissioners; 50 IAC 2. 2- I -;31 filed Sep 14,1992,12.00 p. m. I6 IR 273) 50 IAC 2.2-1-32 "Gross area" defined Authority: IC 6-1.l-4-26;IC 6—l.l-31-l Affected: IC 6—l.l-4 Sec. 32. "Gross area" means the total floor area of a building measured from the exterior of the walls. (State Board of Tax Commissioners; 50 IAC 2.2-1-32; filed Sep 14, 1992, 12:00 p.m.: I6 IR 273) 50 IAC 2.2-1-33 "Industrial property" defined Authority: 1C 6—l.1-4-26; IC 6-l.l-31-1 Affected: 1C 6-1.1-4 Sec. 33. "Industrial property" means land, improvements, or machinery, or all three (3), used or adaptable for use in the preduction of goods. It also includes supporting auxiliary facilities. (State Board of Tax Commissioners; 50 IAC 2.2-1-33: filed Sep I4, 1992, 12:00 p.m.: 16 IR 273) 50 IAC 2.2-1-34 "Lister" defined Authority: IC 6-l.1-4-26; IC 6—l.l-31-l Affected: IC 6-l.1-4 Sec. 34. "LiSter" means a field inspector whose principal duty is to collect and record property data. (State Board of Tax Commissioners; 50 IAC 2.2-1-34; filed Sep 14, I 992, 12:00 p.m.: 16 IR 273) 50 IAC 2.2-1-35 "Mass appraisal" defined Authority: IC 6-l.l-4-26; 1C 6-l.l—31-l Affected: IC 6-l.l-4 33 (1994 Amendment) Rule 1 . Page 5 Sec. 35. "Mass appraisal" means appraisal of property on a wholesale scale. such as an entire community. generally for ad valorem tax purposes, using standardized appraisal techniques and procedures to effect uniform equitable valuations within a minimum of detail, within a limited time period, and at limited cost. (State Board of Tax Commissioners; 50 IAC 2.2-1-35; filed Sep 14, I 992, 12:00 p.m.: 16 IR 273) 50 IAC 2.2-1-36 "Mineral rights" defined Authorityle 6-l.1-4~26: 1C 6—l.l-31-1 Affected: IC 6-l.l-4 Sec. 36. "Mineral rights" means the right to extract subterranean deposits such as oil, gas, coal. and minerals. as specified in the grant. (State Board of Tax Commissioners; 50 IAC 2.2-1-36; filed Sep 14, I 992. 12:00 p.m.: 16 IR 273) 50 IAC 2.2-1-37 "Model ’rnethod" defined Authority: IC 6—l.l-4-26; IC 6-1.1-31-1 Affected: IC 6~l.1-4 Sec. 37. "Model method" means a method of computing the replacement or the reproduction cost of an improvement by applying the cost of a specified model and adjusting the cost to account for specified variations between the subject improvement and the model. (State Board of Tax Commissioners; 50 IAC 2.2-1-37; filed Sep 14, 1992. 12:00 p.m.: 16 IR 273) ' i 50 IAC 2.2-1-38 "Modernization" defined Authorityle 6-l.l-4—26; IC 6-l.l-31-1 Affected: IC 6-l.l-4 Sec. 38. "Modernization" means the corrective action taken to update a preperty so that it conforms with current standards. (State Board of Tax Commissioners; 50 IAC 2.2-1—38; filed Sep I4, 1992, 12:00 p.m.: I 6 IR 273) so lac 2.2-1-39 "Neighborhood" defined Authority: 1c 6-1.1-4-26; 1c err-31-1 Affected: 1c 6-1.1-4 Sec. _39. ”Neighborhood" means a geographical area exhibiting a high degree of homogeneity in residential amenities, land use, economic and social trends, and housing characteristics. (State Board of Tax Commissioners; 50 [AC 2.2-1-39; filed Sep 14, 1992, 12:00 p.m.: 16 IR 273) 50 IAC 2.2-1-40 "Obsolescence" defined Authority: IC 6-1.l-4-26; 1C 6-1.l-3l-1 Affected: IC 6-1.l-4 Sec. 40. "Obsolescence" means a diminishing of a property’s desirability and usefulness brought about by either functional inadequacies or overadequacies inherent in the property itself, or adverse economic factors external to the property. Refer to "depreciation" as defined in section 20(2) and 20(3) of this rule. (State Board of Tax Commissioners; 50 IAC 2.2-1-40; filed Sep 14, I992, 12:00 p.m.: 16 IR 273) 50 IAC 2.2-1-41 "Overassessed" defined Authority: IC 6-1.l-4-26; IC 6-l.l-3l-l Affected: 1C 6—1.1-4 Sec. 41. "Overassessed" means a condition whaein a property is assessed proportionately higher than comparable properties. (State Board of Tax Commissioners; 50 IAC 2.2-I41; filed Sep 14, 1992, 12:00 p.m.: I6 IR 273) 50 IAC 2.2-1-42 "Parcel" defined Authority: IC 6—1.l-4-26; IC 6-l.l-3l-l Affected: IC 6-1.l-4 Sec. 42. "Parcel" means a piece of land with same ownership. (State Board of Tax Commissioners; 50 IAC 2.2-I- 42: filed Sep I4, 1992, 12:00 p.m.: I6 IR 274) 34 (I994 WU Rule 1 - Page 6 50 IAC 2.2-1-43 "Permanent parcel number" defined Authority: IC 6-l.l-4-26; 1C 6-l.l-3l-l Affected: IC 6-l.l-4 Sec. 43. "Permanent parcel number" means an identification number that is assigned to a parcel of land to identify that parcel from any other parcel within a given taxing jurisdiction. (State Board of Tax Commissioners; 501AC 2. 2- 143; filed Sep 14, I992, 12. 00p. m: 16 IR 274) 50 IAC 2.2-1-44 "Personal property" defined Authority: 1C 64.1-4-26; IC 6-1.l-3l-l Affected: 1C 6-1.1—4 Sec. 44. "Personal property" means property that is notpennanently affixed to and a part of the real estate, and further defined by state statute and rule. (State Board of Tax Commissioners; 50 [AC 2. 2- I -44 filed Sep 14,1992, 12.00 pm. I6 IR 274) 50 IAC 2.2-1-45 "Property class" defined Authority: IC 6—l.l-4-26; IC 6-l.1-3l-l Affected: 1C 6-l.l-4 Sec. 45. "Property class" means a division of like properties generally defined by statute and generally based upon present use. (State Board of Tax Commissioners; 50 IAC 2.2-1-45; filed Sep 14, 1992, 12:00 p.m.: 16 IR 274) 50 IAC 2.2-1-46 "Property inspection" defined Authority: IC 6-l.1-4-26; IC 6-l.1-3l-l Affected: IC 6-l.l-4 Sec. 46. "Property inspection" means a physical inspection of a property for the purpose of collecting or reviewing property data. (State Board of Tax Commissioners; 50 IAC 2.2-1-46; filed Sep 14, 1992, 12:00 p.m.: 16 IR 274) so 1).-c 2.2-1.47 "Property record card" defined Authority: IC 6-1.l-4-26; IC 6-l.l-3l-l Affected: IC 6-1.l-4 Sec. 47. "Property record card" means a document specially designated to record and process specified property data. It may serve as a source document, a processing form, or a permanent property record. (State Board of Tax Commissioners; 50 IAC 2.2-147; filed Sep 14, 1992, 12:00 p.m.: 16 IR 274) 50 IAC 2.2-1-48 "Public utility property" defined Authority: IC 6-1.1-4-26; IC 6«l.l-31-l Affected: IC 61.14 See. 48. "Public utility property" means pr0perty devoted to the production of commodities or services for public consumption under the control of government agencies such as the Indiana utility regulatory commission. (State Board of Tax Commissioners; 50 IAC 2.2-1-48; filed Sep 14, 1992, 12:00 p.m.: 16 IR 274) 50 IAC 2.2-1-49 "Real estate" defined Authority: IC 6-l.1-4-26; IC 6-1.l—3l-l Affected: IC 6—l.l—4 Sec. 49. "Real estate" means the physical land and appurtenances affixed to it. (State Board of Tax Commissioners; 50 IAC 2.2-1-49; filed Sep 14, 1992, 12:00 p.m.: 16 IR 274) 3 5 (1995 Amendment) Rule 1 - Page 7 50 IAC 2.2-1-50 "Real property" defined Authority: 1C 6-l.l-4-26; 1C 6-l.l—3l-l Affected: IC 433; [C 61.14 Sec. 50. "Real property" means the following: (1) Land located within this state. (2) 'A building or fixture situated on land located within this state. (3) An appurtenance to land located within this state. (4) An estate in land located within this state, or an estate, right, or privilege in mines located on the land or minerals, including, but not limited to, oil and gas, located in the land, if the estate, right, or privilege is distinct from the ownership of the surface of the land. (5) A riverboat on which lawful gambling is authorized and licensed under IC 4-33. (State Board of Tax Commissioners; 50 IAC 2.2-1-50; filed Sep 14, 1992, 12:00 p.m.: 16 IR 274; filed Jan 5, 1996, 10:15 am: 19 IR 1014) 50 IAC 2.2-1-51 "Reassessment" defined Authority: IC 6-l.l-4-26; 1C 6-l.1-3l-1 Affected: IC 6-l.l-4 Sec. 51. "Reassessment" means the revaluation of all pmperties within a given jurisdiction for the purpose of establishing a new tax base. (State Board of Tax Commissioners; 50 IAC 2.2-1-51; filed Sep 14, 1992, 12:00 p.m.: 16 IR 274) 50 IAC 2.2-1-52 "Replacement cost" defined Authority: 1C 6-l.l-4-26: IC 6-1.l-31-1 Affected: IC 6-1.l-4 Sec. 52. "Replacement cost" means the current cost of reproducing an improvement of equal utility to the subject property. (State Board of Tax Commissioners; 50 IAC 2.2-1-52; filed Sep 14, 1992, 12:00 p.m.: 16 IR 274) 50 IAC 2.2-1-53 "Residential property" defined Authority: IC 6-1.1-4-26;IC 6—l.l-31-l Affected: IC 6-l.l-4 Sec. 53. "Residential property" means vacant or improved land devoted to, or available for use primarily as, a place to live. Residential property is normally construed to mean a structure where less than three (3) families reside in a single structure. (State Board of Tax Commissioners; 50 IAC 2.2-1-53; filed Sep 14, 1992, 12:00 p.m.: 16 IR 275) 50 IAC 2.2-l-53.5 "Riverboat" defined Authority: IC 6-1.1-4-26;1C 6-1.1—31-l Affected: 1C 4-33-1-1; IC 4-33-7; IC 6-l.1-4 Sec. 53.5 "Riverboat" means a self-propelled excursion boat located in a county described in IC 4-33-1-1 on which lawful gambling is authorized and licensed under IC 4-33. (State Board of Tax Commissioners; 50 IAC 2.2-I-53.5; filed Jan 5, 1996, 10:15 am: 19 IR 1014) 50 IAC 2.2-1-54 "Salvage value" defined Authority: IC 6-1.l-4—26; IC 6-l.l-31-1 Affected: 1C 6-l.l-4 Sec. 54. "Salvage value" means the price one would be justified in paying for an item of property to be removed from the premises and used elsewhere. (State Board of Tax Commissioners; 50 IAC 2.2-1-54; filed Sep 14, 1992, 12:00 p.m.: 16 IR 275) 36 (1995 Amendment) Rule 1 - Page 8 .- 50 IAC 2.2-1-55 "Soil productivity" defined ' Authority: lC 6-l.l—4-26; IC 6-l.l-3l-l Affected: [C 61.14 Sec. 55. "Soil productivity" means the capacity of a soil type to produce cr0ps. (State Board of Tax Commissioners; 50 IAC 2.2-1-55; filed Sep 14, 1992, 12:00 p.m.: 16 IR 275) 50 IAC 2.2-1-56 "Sound value estimate" defined Authorityle 64.1426; IC 6-l.l—31-l Affected: IC 6-l.1-4 Sec. 56. "Sound value estimate" means an estimate of the depreciated value of an improvement made directly by comparing it to improvements of comparable condition, desirability, and usefulness without first estimating its replacement cost new. (State Board of Tax Commissioners; 501AC 2.2-I-56; filed Sep 14, 1992, 12:00 p.m.: 16 IR 275) ' 50 IAC 2.2-1-57 "Tax bill" defined Authority: IC 6-l.l-4-26; IC 6-l.l-3l-l Affected: IC 6-l.1-4 Sec. 57. "Tax bill" means an itemized statement showing the amount of taxes owed for certain property and forwardable to the party legally liable for payment. (State Board of Tax Commissioners; 50 IAC 2.2-1-57; filed Sep 14, I992, 12.-00 p.m..' 16 IR 275) 50 IAC 2.2-1-58 "Tax district" defined Authority: IC 6-l.l-4-26; IC 6—l.l-3l-l Affected: IC 6-l.1-4 Sec. _58. "Tax district" means a geographic area within which property is taxed by the same taxing units at the sameétotal rate. A taxing unit is an entity that has the power to impose ad valorem property taxes. (State Board of Tax Commissioners; 50 IAC 2.2-1-58; filed Sep 14, 1992, 12:00 p.m.: 16 IR 275) 50 IAC 2.2-1-59 "Tax levy" defined Authority: 1C 6-1.l-4-26; IC 6—l.1-3l-l Affected: IC 6-1.l-4 Sec. 59. "Tax levy" means the total revenue which is to be realized by the tax. (State Board of Tax Commissioners; 50 IAC 2.2-1-59; filed Sep 14, 1992, 12:00 p.m.: 16 IR 275) 50 IAC 2.2-1-60 "Tax rate" defined Authority: IC 6-1.l-4-26; IC 6—l.1-3l-l Affected: IC 6-l.l—4 Sec. 60. "Tax rate" means the rate generally expressed in dollars per hundred which is to be applied against the tax base or assessed value to compute the amount of taxes. The tax rate is derived by dividing the total amount of the tax levy by the total as$essed value of the taxing district. (State Board of Tax Commissioners; 50 IAC 2.2-1-60; filed Sep 14, 1992, 12:00 p.m.: 16 IR 275) so IAC 2.2-1-61 "Underassessed" defined Authority: IC 6-1.1—4-26; 1C 6-1.1-31-1 Affected: 1c 6-1.1-4 Sec. 61. "Underassessed" means a property is assessed proportionately lower than comparable pr0perties. (State Board of Tax Commissioners; 50 IAC 2.2-1-61; filed Sep 14, 1992, 12:00 p.m.: 16 IR 275) 3 7 (1995 Amendment) Rule 1 - Page 9 50 IAC 2.2-1-62 "Uniformity" defined Authority: IC 6-l.l-4-26; 1C 6-l.l-31-1 Affected: 1C 6—l.l-4 Sec. 62. "Uniformity", as applied to assessing, means a condition where all properties are assessed by the same standard of value. (State Board of Tax Commissioners; 50 IAC 2.2-1-62; filed Sep 14, 1992, 12:00 p.m.: 16 IR 275) 50 IAC 2.2-1-63 "Unit cost or price" defined Authority: IC 6-1.1-4-26; 1C 6-l.l-3l-l Affected: IC 6-l.l—4 Sec. 63. "Unit cost or price" means the price or cost of one (1) item of a quantity of similar items. (State Board of Tax Commissioners; 50 IAC 2.2-1-63; filed Sep 14, 1992, 12:00 p.m.: 16 IR 275) 38 (1995 Amendment) Rule 1 - Page 10 RULE 8. Mobile and Manufactured Homes . _ Section 1: Definitions ...................................................... 2 Section 2. Concepts ......................................................... 2 Section 3: Data collection ............................................... 4 Section 4: Pricing ............................................................ 9 Section 5: Mobile home depreciation ............................. 14 Section 6: Graded mobile home photographs ................. 15 Section 7: Mobile home cost schedules .......................... 18 Section 8: Mobile home depreciation tables ................... 23 39 Rule 8. Mobile Homes and Manufactured Homes 50 [AC 2.2-8-1 Definitions Authority: lC 6-l.l-4-26; 1C 6-l.l-3l-l Affected: IC 6- l . [-4 Sec. 1. The following definitions associated with the valuation of mobile homes apply throughout this rule: (1) “Construction year” means the model year of the structure and not the year of placement. (2) “Expando” or “tip out” means a designed room exterior that is transported as part of the home and, when expanded, or tipped out, creates an extension to a specific room. (3) “Foundation" means the structural members below the home which transmit the load of the home to the ground. (4)‘ HUD Code” means the federal adopted standards of construction as outlined in the Federal Manufactured Home Construction and Safety Standards Act of 1974, effective June 15,1976. (5) “Manufactured home" means a dwelling unit which was designed and built in a factory and bears a seal certifying that it was built in compliance with the Federal Manufactured Home Construction and Safety Standards Act of 1974. A mobile home built on or after June 15, 1976, may be referred to as a manufactured home. (6) “Manufactured room addition" means an addition to the'home that is factory assembled and transported to the site in a similar fashion as the factory assembled home. The manufactured room addition is designed to be an integral part of the home. (7) “Mobile home" means a transportable, factory assembled home of at least thirty-five (35) feet in length, intended for year round occupancy, and transportable on its own chassis. A factory assembled home built before June 15, 1976, which utilizes the transportation undercarriage as an essential construction component of the Structure is referred to as a mobile home. (8) “Modular home” means a transportable, factory assembled home that is built to meet local and state building code requirements for industrialized housing. A panelized or prefabricated home, which consists of site assembled factory built components, is an example of a modular home. A modular home is assessed under 50 IAC 2 .-2 7. (9) “Real property mobile home" means a mobile home that meets one (1) of the following requirements: (A) Located on land owned by the home owner. (B) Located on aperrnanent foundation. (10) “Size” means the actual exterior wall dimensions of the structure. (1 1) “Stick-built room addition" means a room addition that is built on-site by conventional means. This type of addition is similar to residential type construction. (12) “Tag Unit” means a single section normally smaller than the original section and manufactured as part of the original mobile home design. ( State Board of Tax Commissioners; 50 IAC 2.2-8-1; filed Sep 14, 1992, 12:00 p.m.: 16 IR 384) 50 IAC 2.2-8-2 Concepts Authority: IC 6-l.l-4-26; IC 6-l.l-3l-l Affected: IC 6-l.l-4 Sec. 2. (a) The approach to valuation used in this article is the application of a model to represent the typical type of mobile home construction. A model is a conceptual tool used to replicate the reproduction cost of a given mobile home based on typical construction materials. The model assumes that there are certain elements of construction that can be defined as specifications. These specifications create the average or “Good" grade mobile home. Grade is a concept used in the cost approach to account for deviations from the norm. (b) The grade specification table in this subsection illustrates the “Good" grade specifications. It provides the assessor with an indicator for establishing the differences between the subject mobile home and the model. The assessor must carefully review the grade specification table for the changes in materials used to construct the different grade mobile homes. An “Economy" grade mobile home does not mean it is inferior. It indicates that the type of materials used in construction is less costly than the materials in the “Good" grade mobile home. This difference in cost is reflected in the grade. The grade specification chart is as follows: 40 Rule 1!. Page 2 EXTE‘ORWALLS INTERIOR FINISH (c) In establishing the grade of a mobile home, the quality of materials and design are the most significant factors. The selection of the proper grade relies on the judgment of the assessor. The assessor shall use the graded photographs in section 6 of this rule to grade mobile homes. Generally, the quality of materials and workmanship is MOBILE HOME GRADE SPECIFICATION TABLE CUSTW I 20% GOOD I” 2" x 6" Exterior Walls 2'X4'andeome2'x6' 2' X 3' Exterlor Walls Exterior Walls Vlnyl or Wood Lap Aluminum or Steel sldlng Alumlnum or Steel Sldlng with some models having Corrugated Sldlng vinyl or wood siding 10 or more good quality a or more good quality windows 6 or more mlnlmum quality windows with possibly some with possibly some being bay windows with low special being bay wlndows. wlndows. leaturee. Abundant amount of wetter Average amount ol accented Mlnlmum amount at anchor trlm that makes structure look exterior trim. trlm. . lllte conventlonal residential home. Pitched root with shlngles. A pitched metal root or e "at Plaln metal roof. metal root wlth possbly stepped root. l-llgh quality carpet. Medium quality carpet. Thln rubber backed carpet or vinyl floor coverlng. Drywall. monowall, or hlgh Standard paneling and some Thin economtv paneling throughout quallty paneling with deluxe variety of printed wallboard with little variety. trim. with common trlm. Abundance of hardwood Standard cabinetry. Few cablnets other than basics. cablnets. Seamless 7 112' to 8‘ ceilings Seamless 7' to 7 "2' ceilings. 7' celllng with W tasteners. and pocslbly cathedral possibly cathedral. celllngs. Possible bullt-ln fireplace. Posslble tree standlng fireplace. NIA fairly consistent throughout the construction of a mobile home. (d) The range of grades allows the assessor to distinguish variations in quality and design. The following are the three (3) mobile home grade classifications: (1) “Custom” grade mobile homes are constructed with better than average quality materials and workmanship. These homes have a high quality interior finish with abundant built-in features. The exterior walls have vinyl or wood lap siding with an abundance of high quality windows. The roof structure is pitched with asphalt shingles and the home resembles a conventional, residential home. 41 Rule 8- Page 3 (2) “Good" grade mobile homes are constructed with average quality materials and workmanship. These homes have an average quality interior finish with adequate built-in features. The exterior walls have aluminum or steel siding with a good quantity of average windows. The roof structure is normally flat with some models having a stepped roof area over the living room. (3) “Economy” grade mobile homes are constructed with below average materials and workmanship. These homes have a cheaper interior finish with thin economy type paneling throughout and minimum built-ins. The exterior walls have aluminum or steel corrugated siding with a minimum number of cheaper windows. The roof structure has a straight roof line with a metal loose fitting roof. (e) The mobile home pricing schedules contained in section 7 of this rule reflect the “Good” grade standards of quality and design. The following schedule illustrates the multipliers applied to each of the listed grades: (1) “Custom” grade indicates a multiplier of one hundred twenty percent (120%). (2) “Good” grade indicates a multiplier of one hundred percent ( 100%). (3) “Economy” grade indicates a multiplier of ninety percent (90%). (f) The exterior features and stick~built room additions pricing schedules included in section 7 of this rule reflect the “C” grade standards of quality and design. The following schedule illustrates the multipliers applied to each of the listed grades for exterior features and stick-built room additions: (1) “A" grade indicates a multiplier of one hundred sixty percent_(l60%). (2) “B" grade indicates a multiplier of one hundred twenty percent (120%). (3) “C" grade indicates a multiplier of one hundred percent (100%). (4) “D” grade indicates a multiplier of eighty percent (80%). (5) “E" grade indicates a multiplier of forty percent (40%). (g) Because exterior features and stick-built room additions sometimes fall between major classifications, or at intermediate grade levels, a method of interpolation is built into the system. Intermediate grade levels are indicated by suffixing the letter symbol “A" through “E” of the major classification with one (1) of the following: (1) Plus or minus two (+/- 2) indicates that the grade falls halfway between the assigned grade classification and the grade immediately above or below it. For example, a grade of “C + 2" indicates that the quality and design grade classification is halfway between “C” and “B" or average to good construction. The applicable percentage is one hundred ten percent (110%). (2) Plus or minus one (+/- 1) indicates that the grade is slightly above or below the major grade classification or at a point approximately twenty-five percent (25%) of the interval between the assigned grade classification and the grade immediately above or below it. For example, a grade of “C + 1” indicates that the quality and design grade classification is slightly better than average or approximately halfway between “C” and “C +2". The applicable percentage is one hundred five percent ( 105%). (3) There is only one ( 1) level below “E" grade. It is indicated by a minus one (-1) and represents a reduction of ten percent (10%). (4) Grades that fall above “A" are indicated by “plus one (+1)” through “plus ten (+10)”. Each number represents an increase of twenty percent (20%). “A + 10” equals a factor of three hundred sixty percent (360%). Grade “A + 4” may be designated as “AA", and grade “A + 10" may be designated as “AAA". (State Board of Tax Commissioners; 50 [AC 2.2-8-2: filed Sep 14, 1992, 12:00 p.m.: 16 IR 384) 50 IAC 2.2-8-3 Data collection Authority: IC 6-l.l-4-26; [C 6—1. 1-3 l-l Affected: lC 6—l.l-4 Sec. 3. (a) The back side of the residential and agricultural property record card is used to record the physical characteristics of the mobile home and other improvements on the parcel. A sketch grid is provided to make a plain view sketch of the mobile home and any attached room additions or exterior features to the mobile home. The following procedure is for completing the property record card: . (1) Draw the mobile home and any room additions or exterior features to approximate scale. (2) Draw the mobile home with the side facing the street toward the bottom of the sketch grid. (3) On the sketch enter outside dimensions of the mobile home and all room additions or exterior features sufficient to compute the gross square foot ground area. 42 (4) Compute the gross square foot ground area of each individual exterior feature and room addition. (5) Enter the proper story heights of any room addition or exterior feature. (6) identify by nomenclature and exterior wall construction, all room additions and exterior features such as porches. canopies, and decks. (7) Use abbreviations and symbols to label components of the structure in the sketch area. (8) Circle the appropriate letter to indicate the source of the property data. The letters “0 T E N" are preprinted in the bottom left of the sketch area. Circle one (1) or more of the following: (A) Circle “0" to indicate owner. (B) Circle “T” to indicate tenant. (C) Circle “E" to indicate estimated. (D) Circle “N" to indicate not entered, information obtained at the door. (b) A Specific mobile home check list is _not provided on the back of the pr0perty record card. Data collection of a mobile home is recorded in the dwelling data area. If information is recorded in the dwelling data collection area, it is important to indicate that the structure is a mobile home so that mobile home pricing schedules are used. The following is an explanation of the procedures to be followed in using the dwelling data collection area: (1) “Occupancy” refers to the occupancy for which the dwelling unit was designed. When data collecting a mobile home, check “5 M. Home”. (2) Three (3) alternatives are provided for “Story Height”, but only one (1) is applicable to a mobile home. Enter one and zero-tenths (1.0) in the first two (2) character positions to the left of the brackets to indicate one ( 1) story. (3) “Attic” refers to a finished attic and to the extent of finish. Because mobile homes do not have attics, circle “0 None" to indicate no attic. (4) “Bsmt/Crawl” refers to the portion of the mobile home floor area that has a basement or a crawl space. Circle the code number that is most representative. (5) “Skirting” cost is a function of the linear feet of skirting surrounding the mobile home. If there is no permanent foundation, indicate the amount of skirting applicable to the subject home in the sketch area (6) The “Construction” section is provided to enter the exterior wall construction of the mobile home. The correct exterior wall type code is inserted in the column to the left of the “Base Area” column. The following is from the property record card: Ocurpency Story Height Attic Berni em» 1 El Sinai-Family 0 None e None 0 2C] Duple- _.._..._l l... t UnIni' shed t m 1 3 0 Triple! 2 8m“ a lIZFiniehed a in a e E] M Family a Tri-ievel e0 Ill-tome : summed e an a 00 _FIow-Iype a finished 4 Ful 4 Cenwueden Base Ares Floor 0 Value meet 1 Stucco ' 3 T“. e 4 mm s m -‘ 0 Concrete Attic 7 W Basement 0 Stone 0 Frame wMeeonry Cram (c) The construction check list provided on theleft side of the property record card is used to record all pertinent data concerning the interior of the subject mobile home. To complete the check list, do the following: (1) Check the predominant roofing material. If more than one (1) item is applicable, record the other materials by entering “P" for part instead of a check. (2) Check both the floor construction and the finish flooring for the basement (“8” column), and the first floor (“1” column). (3) Check the most representative finish for the basement (“8" column) and the first floor (“1” column). If the finish of any of the rooms is not consistent, enter the number of rooms to which each item is applicable. 4 3 Rule 8 - Page 5 (4) Record the number of specific rooms and fireplaces in the accommodations section of the check list as follows: (A) Enter the total number of finished rooms, bathrooms. and utility rooms. When counting rooms, a kitchen dining or living dining combination is considered as one (1) room. (B) Enter the total number of bedrooms, including only those rooms specifically designed as bedrooms. This is regardless of actual use. (C) Enter the total number of family rooms, informal living rooms with a quality finish consistent with the general finish of the dwelling. There is a separate entry for a basement recreation room. (D) Enter the total number of formal dining rooms, separate rooms designed specifically for dining regardless of their actual use. (E) List in the blank space provided under “Formal Dining Room“ any rooms used fdr commercial purposes, such as a commercial office or beauty salon or any other rooms not typical of a mobile home. (F) A basement recreation room is a finished area that is not finished in a fashion consistent with the main living area of a dwelling. If applicable, enter the type in the “Type" space and the approximate area in the “Area” space. Types of recreation rooms are as follows: (i) “Rec 1” indicates flooring and ceiling. (ii) “Rec 2” indicates flooring, ceiling, and interior wall finish. (iii) “Rec 3” indicates flooring, ceiling, interior wall finish, and partitioning. (iv) “Rec 4” indicates flooring, ceiling, interior wall finish, partitioning, and built-ins. (v) Only recreation rooms that add value to the structure are considered. (G) Enter the total number of stacks and the total number of fire openings. There are two (2) types of fireplace values. If the fireplace is a prefabricated metal type, check the box under the word “Fireplace” to indicate that the pricing to be used is different from the traditional masonry type. If the fireplace is the traditional masonry type, leave the “Metal” box blank and fill in the number of stacks and the total number of fire openings. (5) Check the type of heating system, “Central Warm Air", “Hot Water or Steam”, or “Heat Pump”. If the mobile home has a heating system other than those itemized, write in the description in the blank space provided and enter a check. If the dwelling has no central heating system, check “No Heating" and circle “Gravity”, “Wall", or “Space", whichever is applicable. A full deduction is made from the base price when there is no central heating system. When there is central heating for only a portion of the finished living area, enter those floors or the area instead of a check. A partial adjustment to the base price is made when a portion of the dwelling does'not have a central heating system. (6) Check “Central Air Cond." to indicate either a separate or combined central air conditioning system. This is an addition to the base price. If there is central air conditioning for only a portion of the finished living area, enter those floors or that area instead of a check. If the dwelling has a heat pump listed as the heating system, a check is inserted in the “Central Air Cond.” space and the appropriate amount should be added to the base price. (7) If the dwelling has a solar or geothermal heating system as its sole central heating system, check the “No Heating" space and write “geothermal heating only" or “solar heating only” in the blank space. If a dwelling has a geothermal or solar 'cooling system as its sole central cooling system, do not check the “Central Air Cond." space. Geothermal and solar systems are priced from the solar energy rule under 50 IAC 6. The amount is added as a separate line entry under the “Summary of Improvements” section of the property record card. (8) Record the number of “Full Baths", “Half Baths”, “Kitchen Sinks”, “Water Heaters”, and “Extra Fixtures" in the left column of the check list. If the dwelling does not have plumbing, enter a check for “No Plumbing”. This requires a deduction from the base price. In the right column, record the total number of plumbing fixtures. In calculating the number of individual plumbing fixtures, a full bath represents three (3) plumbing fixtures and a one-half (1/2) bath represents two (2) fixtures. A total of more or less than five (5) fixtures warrants an adjustment in the pricing ladder. The-five (5) plumbing fixtures included in the base price are as follows: (A) Kitchen sink. (B) Water heater. (C) Bathroom sink. 44 RuIe8-Page6 (D) Bathroom stool. (E) Bathtub or shower unit. The following is from the property record card: 000 1 U D U D D D O D Air Bethe Hell Kitchen Sink Water Heater Fixtures UN: (9) Enter the grade classification of the mobile home and the grade classification of any room additions or exterior features attached to the mobile home in the sketch area. The grade and design factors are applied to the individual structures when pricing the items in the “Summary of Improvements" section. ((1) Pricing of mobile homes, room additions both manufacturer designed and conventional stick-built, and exterior features are priced as individual line items in the “Summary of Improvements” section of the property record card. The “Summary of Improvements” section is provided to itemize all structures priced as line items rather than in the reproduction cost pricing ladder. If additional Space is required, the assessor shall use additional cards. The data is entered into a series of columns using one (1) line per item. The columns of the “Summary of Improvements” section area are as follows: ( 1) “ID” means the building number used to identify the items in the sketch area. (2) “Use” means the present and predominant use of the item. (3) “Story Height” means the story height as it appears in the sketch for a mobile home. (4) “Year Const.” means year the item was originally constructed. If the date cannot be accurately ascertained, enter one (1) of the following: A 5 Rule 8 - Page 7 (A) “(date)?" to indicate estimate by assessor. (8) “(date) +/-" to indicate estimate by owner. (C) “Old" to indicate that the mobile home was built before June 15. 1976. and is being depreciated from the “Pre HUD Code Model" mobile home depreciation schedule. (5) “Year Remod.” means the most recent year in which significant remodeling occurred that altered the condition of the structure. (6) “Cond.” is a judgment of the physical condition of the mobile home relative to its age. Enter one ( l) of the following: (A) “Ex” to indicate the structure is in excellent condition relative to its age. (B) “Vg” to indicate the structure is in very good condition relative to its age. There is slight evidence of deterioration, but it is in significantly better condition than would normally be expected. (C) “G” to indicate the structure is in good condition relative to its age. There is minor deterioration, but it is in somewhat better condition than would normally be expected. (D) “Av” to indicate the structure is in average condition relative to its age, or the condition in which it would normally be expected. (E) “F" to indicate the structure is in fair condition relative to its age. The degree of deterioration is somewhat worse than would normally be expected. (F) “P" to indicate the structure is in poor condition relative to its age. The degree of deterioration is significantly worse than would normally be expected. (G) “Vp” to indicate the structure is in very poor condition relative to its age. The deterioration of the structure is extreme compared to what would normally be expected. The degree of deterioration indicates that the structure is approaching unsoundness. (H) “SV” to indicate that the structure has become completely unsound. The assessor shall apply a sound value estimate to the item. This replaces the reproduction cost and depreciation calculation. (1) “NV” to indicate that the structure has collapsed or is worth less than fifty dollars ($50). The assessor shall enter a zero (0) in the “True Tax Value” column. (7) “Neigh.” is a composite judgment of the overall desirability based on the condition of agreeable living and the extent of residential benefits arising from the location of the stick-built construction. Because of their mobility potential and 'a separate depreciation schedule, mobile homes and manufactured room additions do not receive a neighborhood desirability rating. However, exterior features and stick-built room additions receive a neighborhood. rating. It is a variable of their depreciation schedule. Enter one (1) of the following for stick-built room additions and exterior features: ‘ (A) “Ex” to indicate a prestigious, high value area. (B) “Vg” to indicate extremely attractive and desirable area. (C) “G” to indicate attractive and desirable area. (D) “Av” to indicate an average area. (E) “F” to indicate unattractive and undesirable area. (F) “P" to indicate extremely unattractive and undesirable area. (G) “Vp” to indicate a blighted area that is unacceptable for residential stmctures. (8) “Reproduction Cost” means the whole dollar cost of reproducing the item. This is rounded to the nearest ten dollars ($10). (9) “Phys Depr” is the percentage of reduction of value due to normal use, physical depreciation. (10) “Remainder Value” is the reproduction cost minus physical depreciation. (l l) “Obsol. Depr” is the percentage reduction of value due to functional and economic causes. This is determined independently from the physical depreciation. For mobile homes, only extraordinary circumstances warrant obsolescence depreciation. (12) “True Tax Value” means the remainder value less obsolescence depreciation, if applicable, rounded to the nearest one hundred dollars ($ 100). (13) “Supplemental Card'lmprovement Total” means the amount of true tax value specified on a supplementary card, if applicable. (14) “Total True Tax Improvement Value” means the sum of the true tax values of all of the individual items for that parcel. For parcels that require multiple card listing for the improvement computations, it is necessary to carry the “Total True Tax Improvement Value" shown on each additional card to card numbered “01". The following is from the property record card: I 01 CI 03 0‘ U N 07 O O WMWT‘H “MT-WM. (State Board of Tax Commissioners; 50 [AC 2.2-8-3; filed Sep 14, 1992, 12:00 p.m.: 16 IR 386) 50 IAC 2.2-8-4 Pricing Authority: IC 6-l.l—4-26; IC 6-l.l-31-l Affected: IC 6-l.l-4 Sec. 4: (a) The base prices for mobile homes in section 7 of this rule consist of whole dollar unit values. These values:- are based on typical size variations known to have been manufactured in the past or presently under development. The listed sizes represent the exterior wall measurements and do not match the manufacturer's measurement rating. The manufacturer’s measurement rating includes the tow bar. An explanation of the procedures for calculating the reproduction cost for mobile homes is as follows: (1) Determine the exterior wall measurements of the subject mobile home and do the following: (A) If the mobile home design is equivalent to a rectangular shape, enter the corresponding value from the pricing schedule. (B) If the mobile home design resembles a singlewide home with a smaller tagalong section, enter the value from the pricing schedule of the corresponding doublewide size and add the value of the singlewide extension based on a square foot rate of the single extension width. (C) If the mobile home design resembles a full or partial triplewide home, enter the value for each size as though it were a single unit and multiply the value by eighty-five percent (85%). (2) If applicable, add the amount from the air conditioning column for the appropriate size mobile home. For doublewide/singlewide combinations, use the value listed for the appropriate size doublewide and add the equivalent square foot value for the singlewide extension. ' (3) If applicable, deduct for the absence of a central heating system from the “No Heat" column. (4) If applicable, add for a permanent foundation as follows: (A) If the permanent foundation is a crawl space, add the value listed in the “Add Foundation” column for the appropriate size mobile home. A doublewide/singlewide combination is calculated using the corresponding value for the doublewide section and adding the value of the singlewide extension. The linear foot rate is applicable to the side walls of the singlewide extension only. The “Add Foundation" column represents the residential dwelling Schedule A crawl space value less certain structural floor components. Some structural floor components are included in the base price of the mobile home. (B) If the permanent foundation is a basement, value the basement from the residential dwelling Schedule A basement column and enter the value as a Separate line entry in the “Summary of Improvements” section. (5) If applicable, add the amount from the skirting column for the appropriate size mobile home. The skirting cost is calculated on a linear foot basis for each of the mobile home sizes. For doublewide/singlewide combinations, use the linear foot rate for the entire perimeter of the structure. 47 i. I II n A (6) Add or deduct if the mobile home has more or less plumbing fixtures than the standard. The value for one (i) three (3) fixture bath, one (1) kitchen sink, and one ( 1) water heater is included in the base price. (7) If applicable, add for any expando or tip out room additions. These manufactured room additions are part of the design of the mobile home and the value is based on the expando or tip out size. (8) Determine the subtotal by adding the values determined in subdivisions (1) through (7) and multiply the subtotal by the grade percentage multiplier of the subject mobile home. (9) Enter the mobile home reproduction cost in the “Summary of Improvements" section. (b) Pricing schedules are included in section 7 of this rule for stick-built room additions and exterior features. “Schedule E Other Features” consists of one hundred dollar ($100) values of interior and exterior features. The application of Schedule E involves the identification of the feature and the selection of the most representative price based on the depreciation criteria given. The computed reproduction cost for all interior and exterior features is listed as a separate line entry in the “Summary of Improvements” section. (c) Pricing examples for various mobile home type improvements are as follows: [See following page for Property Record Cards. 1 48 49 RuIeS - Page II OOQnN all-Illa!!! labial-.51.. In A. o. 2 2 2 a. = 8 a8 1...! 8 Beau-going . I ...-oi Ea 3F . I lanai-8’s; I 15»: 03m. 31m. as 2.4... «av Man .m..: > hediqaualnudfl. ... g Shem OM oozuN pain $< . .1 I B _.. 58f... g 3 2.8.08 .... Ill-o .- 7. in!!! la. 3.! I... lo I! ... ilzzitil‘l' is!!! 1’11”“. 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II. gig ‘ .m.... _ ~L\r... .« _..". 1. as. is... . .. .. .. ......» _ a... uses-Na! ace-II. _ ._ .. \canLfitincUu 000 {Isl-Mn :3; 31mm: U .U.\¢\LW0~0\+. elllu ‘1: fi-m. ”_fl_..~..m.u..... n“,‘...."n. .. . a D. :JJa-i; m;.:.wmu.mfl...h....n.h_....._ _. 3 ...-sewn Hum" 03:33:? ”nuts-mnTmitnm 4m;_ .....hfli.%x.ngsfifirlamm . u” ”Jada lean: ... . . . n .M. .... .. . _ . N, I loll I .lfll ...... T M... 3.4..» “03w.“fifmvpfitusqunbh x43. ...... ......Ialam. .. ...u... . _.. .. ...-.. ... . E gag . .. . . 50 ghS—bl'ou 024 (#40 §>Ott ii!!! 2 11's; 5 5 s *3 - l I : 5 .31 In. § 3 I 5 ! é i % 1 S 0 Adi 1!! ii Iii i Q 5 1 38.38333838393128 12' I '“D 0 :3 ill nang 0 gym 5 I D )1)D°°~ 000000-00000 2; El [II 00000 uuuuuQODIODOO 51 l co «co-- 06L: be “1"“ [MIN S I! I! u l Z: I f 3 i §§i ‘ - 5 1i. ‘ ‘ ‘ .- .3. 3 s sf 15113in ”.Q. “1 Oh. I i 332...... 5 a 3 22’ 3 J "I I 1:532! L l ”H “.... . .u WWW flfimdgru<flu2¢1w0wxmwz " I. f ‘5‘. m; 0". 000000 no. 5‘ 5‘ 8.50.2300 02¢ (h(a Elwzvcsi (State Board of Tax Commissioners: 50 [AC 2.2-8-4: filed Sep 14. I 992, [2:00 p.m.: 16 IR 390) SO'IAC 2.2-8-5 Mobile home depreciation Authority: [C 6-l.l—4-26; lC 6-l.l-3 l-l Affected: lC 6-l.l-4 Sec. 5. (a) The estimation of depreciation is an essential element in the cost approach. An estimate is predicated on a comprehensive understanding of the nature, components, and theory of depreciation, as well as practical concepts for estimating its extent in improvements being valued. Physical depreciation is evidenced by wear and tear, decay, dry rot, cracks, or structural defects. It may be curable or incurable. Incurable means it is not economically feasible or profitable to repair or otherwise cure the effects of depreciation. If all mobile homes deteriorated at the same rate, the decline would be a simple function of the age of the structure. However, mobile homes depreciate at varying rates depending on a number of variables. A mobile home has its greatest value at the moment of completion. From that point in time, decay and wear and tear begin to lessen the value of the structure. Deterioration may be offset periodically by maintenance. Mobile homes that receive normal maintenance experience average loss due to depreciation. (b) Condition, the degree of wear and tear displayed by a mobile home, is determined relative to the age of the structure. Condition measures the remaining usefulness of the mobile home based on its age. For example, a new mobile home normally displays little or no wear or deterioration. Consequently, no deterioration for a new mobile home indicates an average condition. A twenty (20) year old mobile home with no evidence of wear or tear relative to its age is in excellent condition. A twenty-five (25) year old mobile home which has been maintained on a regular basis and has evidence of normal deterioration is classified as average: Maintenance is not synonymous with modernization. Maintenance is the general upkeep of existing characteristics such as painting or repairing the roof. Modernization refers to corrective measures that are taken to bring the mobile home in conformity with change in style or technology. It requires replacing parts of the mobile home with modern replacements of the same kind. Modernization of a mobile home may affect the condition classification of a mobile home. The replaced construction components may increase the remaining useful life and decrease the effective age of the mobile home. Because specific components of a modernization project do not add a defined number of years to the life of a mobile home, the assessor must weigh the overall condition of the mobile home against its actual age. For example, when an older mobile~home has experienced significant modernization, the assessor must determine if the home’s condition has improved. If so, the assessor shall assign a higher condition rating based on the original age of the home. This is not penalizing the owner for maintaining the mobile home, but recognizing the fact that the owner has increased the useful life of the home. The levels of condition are listed and defined under section 3(d)(6) of this rule. (c) Physical depreciation for mobile homes and mobile home room additions are calculated as follows: ( 1) For mobile homes built before June 15, 1976, the physical depreciation is determined by the combination of the age, condition, and grade classification. The depreciation table labeled “Pre HUD Code Models” is based on average condition and recognizes the different structural components associated with each grade classification as follows: (A) “Excellent” indicates a minus fifteen percent (-15%) adjustment to the average depreciation allowance for the mobile home’s age and grade. (B) “Very good” indicates a minus ten percent (-10%) adjustment to the average depreciation allowance for the mobile home’s age and grade. (C) “Good” indicates a minus five percent (-5%) adjustment to the average depreciation allowance for the mobile home’s age and grade. (D) “Average” indicates no adjustment to the average depreciation allowance for the mobile home’s age and grade. (B) “Fair” indicates a positive five percent .(+5%) adjustment to the average depreciation allowance for the mobile home's age and grade. (F) “Poor” indicates a positive ten percent (+10%) adjustment to the average depreciation allowance for the mobile home‘s age and grade. (G) “Very poor” indicates a positive fifteen percent (+15%) adjustment to the average depreciation allowance for the mobile home’s age and grade. (2) For mobile homes built on or after June 15, 1976, the physical depreciation is determined by the combination of age and condition. The depreciation table labeled “Post HUD Code Models” is based on variables of age and condition. Because the Federal Mobile Home Construction and Safety Standards Act of 1974 standardized the construction codes, mobile homes built after 1976 contain similar base construction components. ((1) Physical depreciation for stick-built room additions, basements, and exterior features are determined by using the residential depreciation table included in section 8 of this rule. This table provides a factor using the age, condition, and neighborhood desirability. Neighborhood desirability is listed and defined under section 3(d)(7) of this rule. To obtain the correct physical depreciation, enter the upper part of the residential depreciation table on the horizontal line that corresponds to the condition rating. Read across that line to find the neighborhood desirability rating. Read down that column to the horizontal line in the lower part of the table that corresponds to the age. (e) Obsolescence depreciation is seldom applied to residential properties. There must be an extremely abnormal circumstance involved with mobile homes before obsolescence is applied. If obsolescence depreciation is applied to a mobile home, the abnormal circumstance is identified in the memorandum section of the property record card. (f) Depreciation is applied to adjust the reproduction cost of a mobile home. Space is provided in the “Summary of Improvements” section of the property record card to record the applicable physical depreciation and obsolescence depreciation percentage. To calculate the “Remainder Value”, subtract the percentage factor found in the table from one hundred percent (100%), divide the remainder by one hundred (100). and multiply the result by the “Reproduction Cost". If applicable, repeat the same procedure for the obsolescence depreciation while substituting the “Remainder Value" for the “Reproduction Cost". The answer to this calculation, rounded to the nearest one hundred dollars ($100) is the mobile home “True Tax Value”. (State Board of Tax Commissioners: 50 IAC 2.2-8-5; filed Sep 14, 1992, 12:00 p.m.: 16 IR 395) 50 IAC 2.2-8-6 Graded mobile home photographs Authority: IC 6-1.1-4-26; IC 6-1.l-31-l Affected: IC 6.1.1.4 Sec. 6. The following are graded photographs of various mobile homes: [ See following page for graded photographs. ] 53 Economy 5 4 (State Board of Tax Commissioners; 50 IAC 2.2-8-6.'fiI¢-d Sep [4. I992. l2.-()() p.m.: If) IR 390) SECTION 7. Mobile Home Cost Schedules _ Base prices ............. - - - ........... 18 Plumbing adjustments ....................................................... 20 Expandos and tip-outs ....................................................... 20 Triple wide units .................................... 20 Double wide / single wide combinations .......................... 20 Mobile home quality grade factors .................................. 20 Schedule E.2 - Additioris" ................................................. 21 *Certain adjustments may be applicable from Schedules A, C, D and E in Rule 7. Exterior Features ....................................... 22 Schedule F - Quality grade and design factors for stick built construction .......................................... 22 SECTION 8. Mobile Home Depreciation Tables Pre HUD Code Models (before June 15, 1976) ................. 23 Post HUD Code Models (after June 15, 1976) .................. 23 Residential depreciation table .......................................... 24 5 5 1995 Dill- . Dun-p '- 50 [AC 2.2-8-7 Mobile home cost schedules Authority: lC 6-l.l-4-26;1C 6-l.l-3l-l Affected: lC 6-l.l-4 Sec. 7. The reproduction cost schedules for calculating mobile homes and room additions are as follows: Buofibu,goodqunlty m H m M: in? 5 am % on am an «on son m too am 31:31 mo can no son coo use 7000 400 cm 49 an; 035 7400 an no son :00 0x37 m can I! ma am 3:8 81m 400 no cm W 3:41 uu_o_ 400 can can 5Q "43 m 400 no am 400 02:46 w am can can «on 0147 m m can can 400 ”L! com :00 can no 400 03:51 10100 eon one no son 8153 1m son can no m 815 107m can can no one egg 111m am ram 590 go; an 1140:: am in no 500 0101 mm W woo coo 800 Ox” 1“ can 1000 m sea Ox“ 13m coo 1w m 00 lel man 000 im can can Ix. 1:100 700 non can con ”:71 13” no non m can 81:73 NE zoo "Q E one 0175 140m 700 no: son coo . 151% 7100 % so) a a 10x31 nun 400 In In zoo tort” non 400 m too 300 19 3 am 39 20;, 10:??- % % can can 400 10x3 moo soc can one 400 10x41 am am no) am am 10:43 man a can fig; no 10x46 1m coo moo can 400 10“? room can 100 no 400 10x40 man can in no can 1 mm W 1015: 11m in no 500 11900 124:» 10x55 100 um can 500 10:57 no 31m can can 19x9 133 m 11m m 500 10x01 130m no non m can 10:83 man no 1100 am one to as man mo in! am can 10 are: 1402 can race L can 1010 mm coo in one can 10171 MCI) In In can am 10:73 term can in can coo no 700 12!” 18‘” u I“ a no 128W 1m coo I” can can 121$ 1m ID 1gp; am am 56 Add 1-1 400 400 400 H m 4110 .0 h. A16. Fm Oh . A10. F. 101101 1 000 1:100 000 000 0011- 1000 1000 000 000 10 11 00 14000 000 1000 000 000 00 11 00 04000 1000 1000 000 000 10 11 a 14000 000 1000 000 000 00 11 07 04000 1000 1000 000 000 10 1107 10000 000 . 1000 000 000 001100 00000 1000 1700 000 000 10 1100 15700; “_gp 1000 000 091 001101 00000 1000 1700 000 000 10,11 71 10100 000 1400 1000 000 001100 00000 1400 1000 000 000 10 1170 10400 000 1400 1000 700 00115 00000 1400 1000 1000 700 101170 10000 000 1400 1000 700 mag 07000 1400 1000 1000 700 . .. .. . 0011 a 00000 1400 0000 1000 700 ' -' " 001171 00400 1400 0000 1000 700 141100 0000 000 1000 000 400 00117: 00000 1000 0000 1000 700 141107 10400 000 1000 000 400 001170 00000 1000 0000 1100 700 14 113 10700 000 1000 000 400 141141 11000 700 1100 000 400 404111107“ ' imam 1000 “1400' 1.1%. "'E 141140 11700 700 1100 700 400 04113 00000 1000 1400 700 000 141140 10000 700 1100 700 000 041141 01000 1100 1400 000 000 141147 10000 000 100_0 790 000 041140 01000 1100 1400 000 000 14 11 40 10000 000 1000 700 000 041140 00000 1000 1000 000 000 141101 10000 000 1000 000 000 041147 m0 1000 1000 000 000 14 11 :1 10700 000 1:100 000 000 041140 00000 1000 1700 000 000 141100 14000 000 1000 000 so; 0411 .11 04400 1000 1700 000 000 141167 14000 000 1000 000 000 0411 00000 1400 1000 000 000 1411. 14000 000 1:100 000 000 04115 00000 1400 1000 000 000 141101 10000 000 1400 000 000 0411 07 00000 1400 0000 000 000 141100 1 000 1400 9L 0_o_o_ 04119 1 000 14 115 10100 000 1400 000 000 041101 07400 1000 0000 1000 700 14 11 07 10400 000 1400 000 000_ 0411‘ 00000 1000 0000 1000 700 14 11 a 10000 1000 1400 000 000 04 11 00 00400 1000 0000 1000 700 14 “L 1000 1 1000 040g 1000 1 700 14 11 7:1 17000 1000 1400 1000 700 0411a 00000 1700 0100 1000 700 14 11 70 10000 1000 1000 1000 700 04 11 71 00000 1700 0100 1100 700 041170 00000 1000 0000 1100 700 24x75 31‘” 1000 0000 1100 000 400 34 an m I“ m “m E 101107 11100 700 1100 000 400 001107 00000 1100 1400 700 000 1‘!” 11000 700 1100 000 400 20119 01000 1100 1400 000 000 10 11 41 10000 000 1:100 700 400 00 11 41 01000 1000 1000 000 000 101140 10000 000 1:100 700 000 001140 00000 1000 1000 000 000 1011 40 10000 000 1000 700 000 001140 00000 1000 1700 000 000 101147 10400 000 1300 700 000 001147 00000 1000 1700 000 000 101140 10000 000 1000 000 000 001140 04000 1400 1000 000 000 10 11 51 14400 000 1000 000 000 0011 01 000300 1400 1000 000 000 10 1100 14000 000 1000 000 000 00 11 so 00000 1400 0000 000 000 1011 00 15100 000 1400 000 00 1100 00000 1400 0000 000 000 101107 10000 000 1400 000 000 00 119 00000 1000 0000 000 000 101100 10100 000 1400 000 000 g 53 fig 1a m 1% 700 18 [01 10000 1” 1400 000 000 00 1101 00000 1“ 0000 1000 700 10115 10000 1000 4490; 000 000 001100 00700 1000 0000 1000 700 10 1100 17000 1000 1400 000 000 001100 00000 1700 0100 1000 700 101107 17700 1000 1000 000 000 001147 1700 0 1 1.0. 10100 1000 1000 1000 700 “£0 ”1% 1000 0000 1100 700 1 71 1 1000 1 1 700 001171 01100 1000 0000 1100 700 101170 10000 1000 1700 1000 700 0011 70 31700 1000 0400 1100 000 101170 10000 1000 1700 1000 700 001170 00000 0000 0400 1100 000 1 1107 10000 1000 700 400 11 01000 11 1 000 001100 10000 000 1000 700 000 001100 01000 1000 1000 000 000 001141 10000 000 1000 700 000 001141 00000 1000 1000 000 000 0011411 00000 000 1400 700 000 001140 03000 1000 1700 000 000 001140 00000 000 1400 000 000 001140 00000 1400 1 000 001147 01000 000 1400 000 000 001147 04000 1400 1000 000 000 001140 00100 1000 1400 000 000 0011 40 00000 1400 1000 000 000 001151 #37700 _4190_ 1400 000 000 0011 51 3000 1400 0000 000 000 1995 5 7 nul- I _ Paco l0 01-! M H 000 0:14 001100 07000 1000 moo 000 700 20:57 07000 1000 0000 000 700 001100 1700 0100 1 700 301101 00700 1700 0100 1000 700 ”I” 00400 1000 0000 1000 700 ”I“ 00000 I“ 0000 1000 700 a!!! m m m I“ E 001100 00000 1000 0401 1100 000 001171 01000 0000 0000 1100 000 ”173 0010) 0000 0000 1100 000 001170 00700 0000 0000 1100 000 820” 00400 1000 1700 000 000 fl!“ 00000 1400 1000 000 000 a 2992 final mo 400$ $110! 00000 1400 moo 000 000 $807 00000 1000 0000 000 000 flu” 00000 1000 0000 000 000 82:31 07000 1000 0000 0_00 g0; 001100 00000 1700 0100 GD 700 001100 00000 1:10 m0 000 M 32x87 00000 1000 0000 000 700 flu“ 00000 19 0400 000 7g 82:01 00000 0000 0000 000 700 321.3 01000 0000 0000 1000 700 32:08 W 0000 0000 1000 700 32:07 00000 2100 0000 1000 E 51140 moo 0100 0000 1000 000 2 321171 00000 0000 0700 1100 000 02117: 04000 0000 0000 1100 000 001170 00000 0000 . 0000 1100 000 W NOTE“) mmmmmmuumm “mama-10111001000010”. mmmwumyummrw MHNMUMNWDMH 01404101100001. NOTE“ “'00”an 11111110001111 bhmm glafluimchm (01.010111910040001 on . MTFOBPLUHCNO- ldcphlrhduoncflhn 0001100111. inn-1.0010101400110001. mumm: “MM“NMUM ........... 000 “”00“": ..... . ................ 000 MMWANOOOGTP-OUTB.MM ‘ 700 Oxl' “D 400' 000 0x0 4010' 000. 0310' 000 0x10' 1100 4112' 700 0112’ 1000 0112' 1000 411 14' L31 14' gm 01114' 1Q; mmmmwbmmwm “mauwmmummmmuum M0110 ummtbb—wlambu0bo0ulo00 58 mmmmmcoumm-obum bymhmpnptb mumbuwm mummmumnumm 10‘101001 ..... 1010120000....“ 10.1014'10100. ..... 14.00 mumumwwuamm .......... I.” AddinMpa‘P ............................... 1.00 40010101001110.1170 ............................... 0.00 CWO ...... 100 Good ........ 100 team... . 0.00 Mmmwmbmm.m MW-MMmdm-uufmm 00040071000600“... MHMWAmlm “sown-01004011010010 Mono-00111001001007. 1995 snmmus Eztcmmnun can (t) “it"s‘z‘ mnmmgmmu mnamnm.w maumnuaw man man man man man 3.00n nun man man mn an as am 1 zamuu 1 . me an maflflfl as an mm an no an nu aw manna an wanna an “aaua at nflaaa "7‘ ”flaunt". anaemuus an ”a 0772 1.1! WWW Adina-“9pc. 33‘s: 0'“ maamn an muumn «a me mu m maum. «u magma « «a mu an "mama u an manna u an an a an an mu canuw as an as as may”. a. «nun; «a nanny an m54u. u on M5 w an "4 N ””293 urnuawoz a mmmmuwgwm m w w mmu-.wu human mmm mmm 3 53‘53‘2 mu-mmmn mmumnua maumuaa gunman: neumauu unmouna unuannm nueuana naucaam aaunana asmnaua aaauumm naanaam aaauauu canaauu anaaauu muuauau aumaumm ..521.7 1 1| 1.1- mmmuwtwmmmx mama mimmam. Ibo-Moo mmmc. m mmwmunomacm D. minimum “mum mm E. uniformity wu- MWF. ho-onubo. mom nplnhghomlnm thumb! prlchgmwmflhm.unuybw , Nah n: murmmm.m mamammmmb Cant. dunno-mum Not-(1): WWW ammuumm Wow mum “and“ “My“ addict-whom Mg piano“ “lama-amino.“ Wmhmhflhnmsfidflmha1mu.mownohcmgmdbwuuhdhm Whom kaSJ-Z mdummm”; dmhlyhoddluhrdrcmdiahghh can. «an annex-km Mamabmuh dthMM-dauhrmv.u I! m tonaao 8F“ I995 59 Rule 8-Page 2| SCHEDULE 8.2 Continual an W 7E: 5. W m Commune” Coho? 12338455807700092 was“: FuPM 24aromauwmnwmauua 7mm we 12345377001010111112133 Addfoc‘fmood 1' 12223344455555531 ones MW REX 235309111314101719212223250 Com gm 1234;1112111142131415104 %aogm1m Pg; emanatrnawuaagaunw gamma nap o091113111a1o1r1a1ozo2222a244 s . omrmoczqud OFF 3.10121510102122232323203231357 Add float 3101241171021 1353 TmbudEanootEqud SPF 11 15192220293335304145475053556011 mamas“: 01317214 303333394444730525511 Owns-only 0MP 01012141719212123293133303341429 Ht 151 as :4 «ob ry W 121-maa1uaoaau47aua7o1eaeo1z MdggUggufloor emaggggguaanuawgn an” Fmotlhoouy any 0111021283034&43408236003107417 W as131o1ognggggg§zaggu o 8 Tuna I‘1»:qu want a a 7 a 0111314151017102123124 .7010 15101719 W “ Mombbmmkoow.whym SCHEDULE F -‘ 5+! +2 +3 ‘C O‘“W+‘ 0'45“ (State Board of Tax Commissioners; 50 [AC 2.2-8-7; filed Sep 14, 1992, 12:00 p.m.: 16 IR 397) _0‘ 50 [AC 2.2-8—8 Mobile home depreciation tables Authority: lC 6-l.|-4-26; lC 6-l.l-3l-I Affected: IC 6-l.l-4 ( Sec. 8. The following depreciation tables are used to calculate the depreciation percentage for all mobile homes and their additions: Pro HUD Code Models man Good Em- . 19 lid M! 75 80 85 Theabmnmldnisforhomeshmagoeondfionfbr age.lth01nebhemcondlm.u505%b10% lenlpoorcondiflon Gauge)m05%to10%mom depreciation. Post HUD Code Models """" Won mag ex va 6 AV F P VP Acting 01 5 5 5 5 10 15 20 01 02 5 5 5 1o 15 20' ' 25 02 03-0-1 5 10 10 15 20 25 30 00 ~04 05-05 10 10 15 20 25 30 35 05-00 07 -00 1o 15 20 a5 30 as 40 07-05 00-10 15 20 25 30 35 4o 45 09 -1o 11 - 12 20 a5 30 35 40 45 50 11 - 12 13-14 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 13-14 15 -15 30 as 40 45 50 55 00 15 -15 17- 10 as 40 45 50 55 00 55 17- 10 61 I995 Rule 8 - Page 23 Depreciation Table Reside ntialDeprociationTable Condition 13123 51931160100011 Outta My Condom my Excellent EL Bt V9 6 AV F E VP EX VgGood VG Ex \@ _E A! F P P JVG‘ Good G E)! VG 6 AV F P VP (3 Aveggg fl EX_V_G 9 AV F P VP AV fair 4: EX 1.; 8 A! F P VP F Poor P ' EX [(3 9 5! F P VP P VervPoor VP EX V6 6 AV F P VP VP ActulAqo Amt-1% 1-03 6 6 6 6 5 6 . 04-06 5 6 6 6 6 6 10 16 16 20 25 & 36 04-00 07—09 5 6 6 6 10 10 15 15 20 26__30 35 40 07—09 10-13 6 6 5 1O 1O 16 16 20 26 so 36 4O 46 10-13 14-17 6 6 10 10 16 16 20 25 30 36 40 45 60 14-17 16-31 6 10 1Q 16 15 20 26 30 35 40 45 6O 66 18-21 22-26 10 1O 16 15 20 26 30 36 4O 46 60 66 50 22-26 26-30 10 16 15 20 26 30 36 4O 45 60 65 60 66 3-30 31-36 16 16 20 26 30 fi 40 46 60 66 60 66 70 31-36 36-44 15 20 > 25 30 35 4O 46 60 65 60 ‘3 70 76 5-44 46-66 20 26 30 36 4o 46 60 66 66 70 76 60 60 116-66 56-61 26 30 35 4o 46 60 66 60 7o 76 80 60 80 68-61 62+ 30 36 40 45 50 66 60 66 76 60 80 60 60 62+ (State Board of Tax Commissioners; 50 IAC 2.2-8-8; filed Sep 14, 1 992, 12:00 p.m.: 16 IR 402) 62 RuleB-Plzeu APPENDIX C HOW TO ASSESS MANUFACTURED (MObile) HOMES INDIANA ASSESSOR’S ASSOCIATION CONFERENCE JOHN LOOS Instructor CLEVELAND TOWNSHIP ASSESSOR ELKHART COUNTY 54 63 MOBILE AND MANUFACTURED HOMES Definitions: REAL ............... Rule 8-page 2 ................ PERSONAL ..... Rule l3-Page2 ............... PERSONAL PROPERTY MOBILE HOMES - Personal Property Mobile Homes are assessed annually January 15'h payable in two equal semi-annual installments on or before May 10 and November 10 of the year of assessment. Owner on assessment date is liable for taxes and failure to pay will result in same type penalty as any other tax delinquent statement. The assessor must complete the personal property tax assessment as soon after January 15 as possible. Then give the values and the mobile home worksheets to the auditor/county assessor (this may be handled differently depending on county) so the tax statement may be mailed 15 days prior to due date. Personal Property Mobile Homes are assessed using Regulation 13 or SO IAC 3.1 dated January 1990. ., Remember the Supplemental Improvements are assessed from the 1995 Regulation 17. ASSESSMENT FORMS for Personal Property Mobile Homes 1. Form 2 — NOTICE OF ASSESSMENT 2. Form 3 — ASSESSMENT WORKSHEET OTHER FORMS 3. Form 1 — NOTICE OF PLACING OF MOBILE HOME 4. Form 7878 —- MOBILE HOME PERMIT ASSESSING A PERSONAL PROPERTY MOBILE HOME First things first- Form 3. Initial contact—Measurements—and other vitals — Owner’s name—address—phone number—year of mobile home—make-- model -- mfg size - serial number - other info such as foundation— heat/air — baths— ask year of shed/OPP, — etc. Measure and sketch—Record supplemental improvements— condition and grade. 55 64 Back to the office Completin F rm 3 Part 1: Assessment Computation Part II: Summary of Supplemental Improvements Part III: Calculating True Tax Value, etc. Notification Of Assessment - Form 2. Assessment informatign provided to Auditor/County Asssssgr, Pragtice, Do on your own‘Assessment of a 1992 Dutch Mobile Home. 11 tion and wer. Discuss answers to Practice Mobile Home. REAL ESTATE MOBILE HOMES If a Real estate mobile home is set up on a lot on or before March 1 the taxes woDld be due the next year. The home would not be reassessed until the next General Reassessment unless additions, etc., are made to the home. Real estate mobile homes are assessed using Regulation 17 or 50 IAC 2.2, Rule 8, pages 1-24. Review those pages. DATA COLLECTION. Collect all necessary data by perhaps using: 1) Form 3, 2) Data collection form, 3) Blank paper, etc. . Data should be entered on PRC or encoded and entered in the computer. Data 18 entered in the Summary of Improvements section on PRC. PROBLEM #1 ----- GROUP WORK. Mobile Home description: 14' X 80' manufacturer’s size less 3' tow bar, 1990, AV, custom, Central Air, Foundation?, 2 baths, 8' X 12' tip out, Above ground pool 24' circular C grade in Average condition. See worksheet for Rule 8-page 13. Go over pricing tables, etc. 510 65 PROBLEM # 2 ------ Individual practice. Measured 27' X 66', 1995, Average condition, good grade, 2 full bathes, half bath, central air, . 27' X 66' crawlspace, metal fireplace with stack. Detached garage, C grade, Av condition, built in 1996, 20' X 22'. Answer questions. Discuss answers. GENERAL QUESTIONS -—-- if time. TEST............. 57 .. a 5 STATE OF INDIANA STATE BOARD OF TAX COMNUSSIONERS INDIANA (:0an Cam NORTH 100 Noam SENATE AVENUE moss INDIANAPOLIS, IN 46204 PHONE (317) 232-3761 FAX (317) 232-8779 MEMORANDUM TO: ALL COUNTY ASSESSORS ALL TOWNSHIP ASSESSORS FROM: STATE BOARD OF TAX COMMISSIONERS SUBJECT: MOBILE HOME ASSESSMENTS FOR JANUARY 15, 1996 DATE: NOVEMBER 23, 1995 The procedures to calculate a 1996 mobile home assessment are as follows: E . l . l l l 'l l . : . The mobile home cost schedules located within 50 IAC 3.1 or the “1989 Real Property Assessment manual” are to be used to calculate the Reproducrion cost of all mobile homes assessed annually for January 15, 1996. The costs for foundations, skirting, central air conditioning, extra plumbing fixtures, and the mobile home mantifacrured room additions (Tip-outs, roll-outs, and pull-outs) should be valued using these same cost schedules. The depreciation table used to depreciate the mobile home reproduction cost is the same table used in 1995. A cepy of this mobile home depreciation table is printed on the back of this memo for your convenience. WW: . . The cost Schedules applicable to calculating the reproduction cost for any supplemental improvements to a mobile home are contained in the cost Schedules included in 50 IAC 2.2, the “Real Property Assessment Manual“. Examples Ofsupplemental improvements are stick-built room Additions, exterior features, utility sheds, etc. These items should be Depreciated using the appropriate depreciation tables included in 50 IAC 2.2. If you should have any further questions please free to contact Jim Hemming or Ken Daly at 317-232-3761. 5367 NOTIO O? 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' flat-0.7 («Y-33 20 YearLifoExpectancy. 00101. 7'— mm a 10 1 70 F r 11- 1mm. , 01 5 5 .5 5 10 15 20 . 01 02 5 5 5 . 10 15 20 25 02 00.04 5 10 10 15 20 2s 30 03-04 05-00 10 10 10 20- 25 m 35 05-00 07-00 10 1,6 20 20 30 30 40 07-00 90:10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 05-10 1.1-12 20 25 30 35 4O 45 50 11-12 13-14 25 30 35 40 45 50 50 13-14 15—10 :10 :10 4o 45 50 55 00 415-10 17.20 35 40 40 50 05 00- g 1720 21-20 40 45 so 55 00 70 75 21-20 2740 _ 45 50 55 00 05 75 00 27-00 000100 50 55 00 06 70 00 05 000100 20Yean Residenddshedsandpmhomeguphnhandcomempavingpfinnmngebim, mdcoafimmemfacflidcs. 75 IL Ob 00m «mama E2 ammmn 53‘.35200 manna an swamp av ua-mumaa muuwn1au . mama-non 1 menu. as naum-u a canvas 0 uuauu an an... an manna an canons:- m wanna-a1 sauna-m. aux-nan: oaanauuo saunas 1 sauna «1 '0“ I 71 1am an uu1um a -10 nil-00“ Aflbflflhfl 0401040! 100101000 “will!“ Adwhmmn Adhhflfl-I nanm- an. 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