A STUDY OF THE REACTEON K'NETECS OF TIN (H) AND CEREUM (W) W AQUEOUS SULFATE MEDEA Thesis f0: fho Mme of Ph. D. MICHFGAN SYM’E UNNERSETY Anéfa Jeanna Cam? 1956 “p. ”a fihEblb L [B R A R Y Michigan State University A mwrunmm mmmawm (1:) mo cm (I?) n mime mum mm B? mu Juno Court A THESIS DOCTOR a mem RMGIW 1956 {4’1”th Cr 95);fo 5 mum a? 133 amrmr Elm-rm»; or m (11:) my cmmn (I?) 1!! AQUEOUS was mm 3: mu Jum- cm A! warmer MMhNMdWMt-defln 8i“. Murdw a: Agriculture and Appnud Mm. ammunnmmummm {crunch-pun! mm W PW” Wdcmry You 1956 A???“ W ABSEI‘RACT The kin-no: of tho oxidation of tin (II) by ceriu- (IV) in mm waumuumummmmfc. “25°C. Manuapummtm Winch” low-ulna“ u: (IV) In mamm- a) high cum. and u- (I?) m concou- mm as 3) «W m (n) preterit 1: solution. rh- um :- Wendmwmmnmwuuu minus: mg of 1.59 11.04. and a “um entropy at .12., am. It» mum 01306100 or an (n) m pond-ind to to ill. oer-plat, 81:30.. rumuaap-mmtmmm mwmmm—«ar mam. mmmotm(n)mpommeduu M309... nus/or {3:15:1(30Jd'. rh- mm,osmyud by «W m .(n),obmmmnnuuummnmuwuduwm cum-1m mm. for bath ”com-m utu, tho munic- of oxidation at m (II) u an (1?) com in & mm. m. The Imuammmummumdbymuumau mambo mun) nmrmuawmcnnumu (III) «spun-r a: (II) 1.- un taut as th(n)m1tno-ocnu(fl) «Inks. I. “a We! rah l 31-11” labor-Iain. pI-‘ohnbly do“ a» mu. Emma! 2311? Thu mum dab-I to apron bar unam- approcuflon to haunt Professor Cu'). B. ‘ ambulan- for his guidance, 1mm“ and cw ‘guunt truncation the W o! the mm investigate: and to the main Energy cm for § gum madam. this numb, WWW 1.2.31.3 w cmmm Pm ' in mac-Exadmfl....uu to00.00.000.000000000030000000000060000.00000 IEDHE‘I‘ICAL MD 313%)“- camimaumfifltOCOOIOOOOOc000000.00. ’hwflum00000ooooumooooosooooooupo‘cuuouuooouooooogcaooc ‘ ¢0Q.oouooooocuoouoocooooc.0000000009oooooooooooooo Pmmm “3 was a n‘fimmOODOC...OOOOOOOOOIOQDOOOCOOO mm“ PmmmOOCOOOO’COOGOOOOOOOIOOOO.0.0.0.000....0... g Almm a DJ‘.own-coo.ooocuoaoaonuooum0000000000090...-our. Mum Cf Wd‘ muoooooum0oo¢oo”coon... ‘W rm.“coco.oooouoouoo.aaooooncucoooomucoosu muocoumooumoooooocooqoooooumouuoo.ouco.ocoooo¢ooo.oo mmtiotbOOIOOOOOCOOOOOOODOOOIOOOCO9.0000000000000000. m G oooovoocoucoooooooccoooooooooo00.000...- LREEAW cumOUCOOIOQOOOOOOC.OI...0.0...00.0.0.0...OOOOOOOOOC. ”93331335. cos".on.oocmumumoooo“moons...cocoa-conninooootuo 1 2 2 7 11 20 28 28 32 3) 60 69 72 75 LIST OF TABLES 2m P353 Ivmumuukuwcmmmw mum-m 10510 W 1- (My 901100!!ka alum............. II muo- a mum at m (11) by cant-(17)“ 0°C! SW“ mmbfifll-ICOOOOOOOIOCO0"...IOOOIOIIOCOOOO Inna-mauondsuuorm 811)!)me1113‘)! m at and. (III) a O 3.: WM loom...“ Iv [nation of mum or 313 (II) by «nun (Iv) I: u- pmmo of tin (I?) a O 6.: War m....... inmuuotondnunotun(mbyeodu I?) «W 1min Wt Seem-0M0! uohudn a .......—....... VI rum.“ «mama a: (II) bym (1!!) a «nu-1m augummmamn mam-nonm- ~ 0 cOiifiOOOOOOQCOOCOOOOOQOOC .OU‘IOOCOGOO..OOOOOCOOOIOOOOOO mmuuamuuuua(mhvunu(xv)anm mummluncidiuut WHOM. “ o ‘OIOOQOOCOCOOIOCOCOUO0.000ICQIOOOOCOOOOOCOO0.0.0.0.... VIII ans-r; a: mend-add! mm am am a o°c...... nnnuuummcunmbyom-(mnmJ mm W n“..‘U.........C................. zflmtdammuuMdeIfu-(mw “’1‘. (I?) .3 006' MM" m..........uocoooi XI an": of moi-mud um um obtained a 0°C... :1: nmuol a mauggoa m (II) by «r11:- (Im um. m m .‘ oooocooocouoounoo00000-00000."muo- Immuuammam(mhwur1u(mum. mm. W ”Wicca... 000.10... 000900.. mmuuumaun(mbyum(zv)ua man of mm: tint-order um............. IV Equation. M h ( $5.5) 1n furl: concentrated m... 39 Lo h2 h) 115 M M LB 1:9 59 63 :LIST GF‘TABLESE-»Con$1nnld Pig! 3'1 5‘.ad‘rd OCfiflI (Iv) .Qlutlon‘o00oInclccoooucaotoaoooo-ool 76 m: WW unbmfion of «rim (IV) In 1 v.1. .um “1d “ A 3m ”CICC'COCCDC.C‘O..‘..O...O.C.QC. 75 XVIII Pmpnntm of «rim (I?) solution and in mum "nd’oooo...c¢¢uoootuo..aooo¢ou0..on...cnoclocovcoon.oouco 77 mmmum(m mmmmmm-uudyn 78 xx speeu-oprmmma (Saul) sum), and «mu-m or m: ‘61“ 000.00.000.00aouoocctuoono.9...noouoooooooo0oo-uo 8° LIST (1' FIGUEES FIGURE PEGE I all.“ Wm for preparation of tin (II) ”hum"... II Ultra—Niel“ wool-pm spectra of cairn (III) Innate. In 01mm» mum mum a: «rim (Iv) sultan... Iv Ultra-violet mum spectra of tin (II) and an (I?) w‘uooacooo.oo0.9.0.0....“-cootoocouumuooocooo.ococo V .9th or Mm (IV) Innate In 1 v.1. mania .cid100000000I..l.fiICOOOOOOOCCOCOOOOOOOOCCOOCOOOOOCOOO... u mm mm o: com-om: rates a 0%., 10°C. ”4 2° 00...... 0000.01"..-oooouocnooctoooooooooo.00... vnmmuudammmumm '1 “1'1“ (m). “I (I?) “11““ m t“ (n) “C1000... vmnmm wmxmmmwmmmu “(M M. Wot...to.coccouoooo.oo¢oooouuouoo :1 Me mum at W mm m run-“nu“... lunatic “delmde-udnm W by teed «a (1:) column- II mmuea dissociation constant of the him.“ ton OI ‘ m ¢ m Wodoootuoocoooooosuono... meJMMM(m-om.(fl)m Boond- Much-fin OOOOOOOOOIQCUOOOOCOOOOI.GOOCOOOOOQOOOCOOOI mmmumuum-mmnmmm cocdoouoobonoooooooocoo.ooaooooou0003oooccooc00:0 13 22 23 55 6h IM‘HOBL‘C "1‘ I533 WmummhMuummwhmm-W almflmdfifl¢¢cmtuommdn clunidaflnuafthn Wanindumdwobiwupmblm. Intimacy: 'omyottbow 1) 81(3) 0 2 can?) - 330??) o 2 00(III) “Wanna-autumn. ormommmmmwnu mnbym(n)monmuun(w. Mu,unmmyot muwnm,umotmtoohau1hbh for dimming-com... mmmduubuh.uminly,twubnth¢nuot‘muonu tmwwm-nmanWm-um uoluflwutnmmdilwwuapodmtmpm,ggmu otrmuohuuu, Shula-1:, m thopropcflial out. column-n van-dun): th,mmmu,wommuuummmm «www.mmuumtmmmmum. hwWMmr-Indhflomdlmltadm‘m mumummammuma,wmm “Maintain-mm. nomaummmnu mambtmflnthnflmflyudflnnmumtodu mmaommanummmumrm-o: mm-mumtm. Immumamym mamummammmummwu manna-numm. TKIORZI‘ICAL Am) (:1 11' (ERIC .1}: COfiSIDELR.-11‘ 10243 Tinmticd 1'23!“de ”3% ,orapu-uouhr spacial, 1,111 ammmmmhmdubvuro,nntormordermt ammmrmnuummmmormmumo: A, W “(41)pr to (U'. I). com-m we and rank truthinoheuhr "action between tn ”haul” of A, for undo): tht rat. would be a) "‘3'; . W)‘. Th. torn ‘mond-omr' :- the mind to bin-clown;- "notion- batman the apociu A and B ohm the rat- exprouion 3) . fif - mm). Expmdm 3) n an to 1:. am order in I, mu m» in a and mend order 0M (th- ovoraall order in tho m at the individual omen). k‘ and k are mud-0rd" specific-rate mm. On flu bait of trunnion mu them (1), the “caption 1| ltd. that A marmuamugqmm- withunintmouonouploimoh potato-u n I131” at nanny, with rupcot to ”want: and products. If this critical «magnum c “that“! m1“, 6’, not b. «and boron product- can In fund. and u:- minted couple: on Memmuunmmuuoummntumuotm mumobuldhmduthomdnctotfihnmwtmionof 6*“ tho frequency with nan-ho“ emu- thc entry ban-1n Ind mu into th- mm an of product... Thou con-Month»)- lud to is). ~33 I)! (0*) (3%) 1 than I, t)» Munich «affluent, snow for t). possibility that 0* my decompose into this «131ml macaw“. kB In thn Baum constant, .7 tbs absolutc temperature and h 1: Phock'l con-taut. 22mm 3) and 1.) on ”lung for the apacific rate comm, " “ME-”4 Inch any ho «acted to :1) k-K(¥)x* “mux*um¢qumr1mommmmmnaum 7) “a: 6*. mmm¢5)mc)mnmou. nx‘mmm udmdmcm toctho‘mdm «unfit-1:- W, quantit- unwantnmdogouumtummmumm uumom mm. Tin-,hyd-tmuca, a) A!“ "I: 111!" 9) MI" - irr'dmnx‘ a" tad 10) A3’ I Alan- A?) W inn A 1” lo the fm emrw of asumtion, AHQ the! ontholw ct octlvaticn, As). the ontmpy of “nation and R tho goo contact. Substituting 6) into 9), it in tonal. for reacting 1n oclution, that 11) 133+ - a!" [dlnk1-RT. rho (trot ton on tho right to dooignotod to tho An-hontuo, or apt-104.1, «flatworm, Ea. Iranitocrhmorbitroulyoohctodu - «.1591. u... M", M“ on! thuo Adan. "alumna-tho .Wauummummmm. Adz-mud oo II indium of tho Wt: of octiutod cup)” (outta. Itittopcotttvo,thotrm1ttonototo1ondlyrooohodoadtbo macaw tutorthon non-ooh 11 "satin, tho opocioo Wind It: mail" o. opociol Mutation of a Menu! mtottmlovibutioml mtg :12qu and, than, {mum of tho octintod mph: to loco wobohh. nun-nu; to «cotton 5), to on). ho notiood mu 1:: ram: coo- cootrotodooloticm,thnhotcrkw1nnctboomtrwouvon tooporoturo who bocmo it to dopondont upon tho commutation. of A, l oad 0* our! not tho uttfltioo of tho-o opocioo. By «tint: of o oobotaoo to aunt 1t: ottootuo consultation to tho ooluttco, that to, ot Mutton, 0», 1t dooo not ottoot tho proporttoo of tho mm (for mu, u» m promo) to tho oxtont or mumm- 3 but "thortothooatontotgohoroo,t}n octtvtty,1ooquo1tocf ,cr thoprcductctthotmvcluotmntymdtbtcrulutiuty coefficlont. 300m 5) thou, 12) k- k! a" 5- fr: 35+ .2...— .M ‘1"3 £0 locum; a change in. Mdard out. such that 3' a Q a, . and taking hmm, 13) unnatural 32:?) tut?) oln[ ”f”; for a given Wotan, tho tint tax-a, designated 1- kg, will bo constant. Clans“ in in k with Motion In dioloctdo «)0th ct tip-och:- dllbo rotloctod bychongootn lath-figs- ], own. a. It with vol-lotions in icon: ottoncth“ will bo "float“! h chow" In): ‘E 3 . Thorofofo tho rlgor um: munch-antenna Inflated dopondo upon oxiotmx tbcrioo or «an» ocotncionto Ind dioloctrio utm- at tho man- (2). Tin (II) to olcfly «Mind by «doc: oxidizing omto in «mono octd man was. dioloctric omtonto m m. Activity ccottichnto ct tho opoctoo involvod can to marinated only ottor ootinticn of tho cotm of thooo opocico. Bocouoo of tho limitation of tho tin (Hi-n cox-1m (nib-ulna; acid oyoton, only o qualitctivo my of tho flI'm- o coluto, based upon the and standard onto, 113° ‘ ‘ 1; bottom, in ”do: that reaction rctoo my be indoponnfcmt & oclvont offccto, oncthcr otandu'd otcto 1o chosen ouch that o (‘3 - o', tho ccncontrotlcn o! ooluto vapor chow tho ocluticn, whom p n 1 prcoouro of solute' 1' a 01/2 311.111, micro Ii 1: the might fomlity of tho 10310 IWWC, ‘, a“ Char". '1. ottoct of duration of doloctric constant or ionic otrongtb upon tho octtuty coofticionto oo prodictod by ortondcd Dobyo-Ihac incl than to mounted in Ioblo I. 1.331.? I VLRIATIGR IE 1n k. WITH ORANGE!) 01mm CNS)? “.8? AID MIC stamcm 1' ram! com BETRATED 3011311033 (1) 3mm Too dipolor Holo- c-cloo forums o pclu' product Too Icon o. III. clot mount!“ Effect mafia; WWW tact-coco tact-coco coy tact-om, boo no olfoct cl.- docroooo copocding upon moth» tho too to chow-d or tho octocclo to highly pour Ionic ABtron'th an Incroooo, dopondont 311‘th lot pm of mam must-ulnar» ”climax-out): my doom, hooo on otroct or lacroooo ‘ depending upon ton chin-goo and clock-c- ototic otfocto “115°th cpcc tho lot pour of condom. Mum omotoaotcrlnflgflimtm nun. IV. Historical Pu otndioo hon boon Dodo of tho pmpcrtuo of tin (II) and tn (1') in «mono onlmuo acid. In gonorol. oxporlnontol work on tic (II) hthtooodiuobooboonportcnodtcohodnghtcccnocttboccmrcm qpnuum of, tin, cloctroploting. in which it u Cour-b1- tc mm- noo tho opacioo oo tin (II) with various organic convincing agents on: toodjnottho proportioo ampntmum to Mutts-quality unpac- (3). ‘fhopctontulcttho ant-3:“o1oommboonmum .oootucttcnosttboccnoutnttcooottln(mmoMI-Icocidot 18°C. (h) out! planted. woman: tho mono “13(ch odd om hm boon oooomd (5.6.1.8). W o: tho Sufi-Sn“ W boo cotton-pooduo (9). Phooo Moo at tho sac-30.4.0 oyotoo um node at 35°C. and 50°C. by Dunba- and mu (Io); tho oolid phlooo 1.91am col-town to mogzmohnp. magma cud 3:90.. locutly. oil-plum or an (IV) in cum and bu boononoinod (11). cud hydrclnio of tho opocioo mm boo boco otudiod (12). who data mu m oa- uu «1mm; of tho an (m min lo 9.08 x 10" u. t. to 30°C. and 1.7:! a 10“ n. r. at 13°C. a cam wt. I. cum-Io «214. and thot tho Imam mumm- .m. 1h) Sat). (at) 0 212.90. a: 3:150.” . so: . 23.0 Inc on»): tho W moo oro 130°C. - 5.0 x 10" ac 118°C.- 2.8110". Wocaplulmotth(fl) oppooro Comm-oh. ttcao tdth his!!! odd ”floatation. Pot-Ion upon-octol ukhooboondcuo 1n thooqnocoo “21(3). tto (IV)-hydrcchlooto on“ ontoo. tot only how tho pctocttolo of t)- oIoctI-cdo sn°~5n“ and tho oyotou m“.:n“ boon otndm (has). but tho unotico o: mm... mum on! oxidation-mum muco- howboonoxolinod. Intho otudycftho radioactitoomhmpcttinUI) and tn (1?) (Us). on intention. convict cormcponfinz to 39.31;.“ no detected opcctmphctcnotricolly. and o mechanic: Icmlotod looming cloctrontrmotortomtnthomlox. Althoughthorototwrooooc with Incrcoom hydrochloric acid mutation. tho onct dopodonco on not dotcromod. In obsoluto Alcohol. one! In tho oboonco dimin- ohIoou um. whoop tookploco batm- tho control oolto. mum ' Such (16). Ho opoctnol doto taro nova-ted. meotmtic(n)oodtlnplotinmootolo1nhydm- chloricocidhonnctboonmllydctouinodbutmcttntcroot. Plotimn (II). pollodiu (II) ond rhodiu- (II) mat]: rcoct mu tin (II) to gin um; cclmd mducto (16). Ma cbtainod to tho Pt (II) seam) mm (cthor oyotom how: not boot: otndtod muunly) mum that tho mu m momma” and mm. unotm of tho mmuwmm) bymuI) hooboocotudiod (17). noon mutation of on Intonation owls: In dutch tho ratio. )3. (VI) I a: (II). 1o m on Md «momma-mun. Ibo mm mo uwumnmwmoru (VI)ond3o(II),Incrooou¢ um Ina-m1»; momma-u ocid mom-moo. but to oooontiollf mount oo (3*) 1o tort-c ot ooootant [CI']. and mo vol-co. flPt (C). a: (II). )ic lochmim boo boon Wood. Chlorato Ion boo boon found to oxidize ' tin (II) at o anaeroblo rota. proportional to tho that pom c! chlorato and tin (II); oboto 20°C. In tho proacnoo of hydrochloric acid. chlorate oppomtly cuckoo clflcridc ion (18) . The reaction botmn Iron (III) and tin (II) boo been owned by coma). mum-o. Doto obtained by Rays. (19) 11mm. that as. reaction deco not obq occult! or third-order Urination except in tho pro-m of i omen rotation products in which coco tl'zird-ordcr )dnotlco oro cbcyod. Inollmotoncoo. thontoioomnctioootttuhydmblormocidcon- mutation. Ono troohcnt to: than and “mt data (20) Inc boon efforod by Moo (21). 33mm tho mum rcactlouo or- involved. mmmtwmmpommommo: maximal-co our! tin W by chloride. than i . k ' 15) to“ 0 Sn" 7:11? to" o $13"3 LI 4.; I 16) to «u» an“ .52.- ro“ o m“ can com-1n: tho otoody ototo munch-stun. dcfi’ oo. thou the Into m . - to r n I o :5‘53 1 i. gklk‘gro 2 (3:! E . 11) - . Ltflo ¢ kg“. ) ‘Co tho Com or tho arm-ohm mum om“. sou-ma I) In and oclottoao. k.(ro”t')> 3.30“”): than c oococd-ordoo roto contact. tumuldbooxpoctodmd 2)1nnoctnloo1toclnt1uo.ormtho moooco of cm to“. L;(Fo")> huh”) . thuo o third-orda- roto 10 amt,na,mubomm. mm,nmmrmmu mum mm 111mm in w- pro-one. of count-d cowl-m coauth- in WI 1m (22). n we won mouon, Imam, an m. in thumdhydmmwumhtmrthnihonku mmmtoozuum. Inlpihdihovdidnyotth-uumuom, k‘mka,flflmbymmdflntatdchlw1dooowtnum, MMmynpps-«im. flammmknmwmphxludw mmummunmmmsmmmmmmm dfluo.Ml,kAnppmuhmumhflWWmhd fih-nczulohlcid-Mnuou. mumamnmmphxm «mun-dumtamamMcm-Mmmtummby «mam-(unam(m. Amhuuonhmlufly mu mun (II) when (m) (23.21.) Inasm- um um. pmhumumwuuammwunm,m mummy-04m“. flauMuMnhluntuflu-ot WMQJJSJQ. hummummmm.umuunnmumor un(n)mdtm(m)m1dbonadm,fihmmm “human. W.mammm.m. rhmumuhwummmumm) wuuum). PREPAR'LTIOII 3WD ARLLISIS CF ImeIdS In a» study or an "action a: «rim (II) and nu (II), tux-h “mummmwuatmnatnmmotempnuum hmzht About by W of thu upset" imam-d. Throughout um apart-Ian}. wk, tbs allude acid and W Wont 03. mm grade and tho 70% persuade «1d vu mnnla-odt Med map“ 3540. Am oolnum ot than told: an am with emu-nu ablation. of Hank mm sodium W60 “rich, in turn, had been mum-a nun Hunk pram-y «mm-u pot-mu acid push-Ina. for thou «mum, pmlphflnhm and u Manor. (30. (W11 1 tar nautical hulk.) Pnpntioadtu(m mummmmmdmumum mtctloyuwdtubo(28)1nmhu§duphc~nt reaction 13-.) an” . 9n" - on“ + an“ mum. I‘mxmqunmumIcumma-a: 2v,;,t06v._:r.mummsomdomounmlum,til-show “Machined. It‘hommbp‘Mb-lowuummg pom torch-uh» how-.mmuonpmudodtomhuu alumni ammonia. WWumdummmmudum MummmuuumhuManaonmoflnrm, Wmmnwubmdmhwidbymmum Wmmudutbwmcumoommuumwwm 6'. 1'. Th- hum amuwMOflgnhumomelwaiflty bu(nuuum(n)mmotunu1uumnnmmnmm. D11“. £13021) solution- .“ “on: demand by mean, wanton, :11 WW van «nu-ma out mun-mpm or name-n. I nous-hue Wuummhmmqmtityormnolndownm mummmh,t1n(n)ulnummmd,puflnod dehgimhflzm-o I. cmmm.nW nan-amu- mmmgamganolhm,f,mmhndmmmrtb omnWtotflngu. fopnpanthopmwnlum,15w. otpyroaslluuid,flcmkfil.m:ddodtoZSO-1.otumm nun» bymudiuonotoodim hydroxide ”naughm,a mammpnndpmgalmmufiammdtumm(n)uha non wow-d. AWN”, 0, coat“ 01th.! (ll-$111M um MohmmdrwdflmmwrpouaorSv.r.mum¢u1dInch muudumntmapuuouhrnpwpumdnwmm nan-ommmuwm nation-1m. 1&1:th mfolloudmummmuryiomuomutluawzunot “rummmmmmmummumd “301). nmm‘m, 1,1nnp1uodoalcmhdvoh-u «amMormnm‘mpmwom-mmmgm- mam5!.r.m1miou1d.(rwcpoouuduumoomm1ng «mm(n)wmco1meumuu.mwxz,nbh III). nimpnmmmwmmmmmmmm,m Ildchnnunon of OJ. Balan' ludyud 30-.“ tin m macaw ghauinhinginoflcdlntothommor,8. flux-outlaw” hatcdandbpt :mmwemmgpom until flochotnnlly l3 .nonhunou0fiquu can axooonopu hi3103v .Au muxuooaopa hixwoonnp .gv «caucus: you can» unwound: «a manna-unoo .m «9930» Hoaagwonbn .h mouvnusn..m «Hanna» owdnouu .n nomad uuudmuuonopnam .o unwopnouon .m “Honnob nowuodoh .dxunnoauuaon AHHVnwa no nowaaudmohm you napwndmad madam .H unawah .IIIJI.a5bon> pa #Ifla. (hwy cowonpfiz 1h dividodeoppur,nosun¢onthomtmofmu1uuon,mnofiod. uluummmdNMWflnmaM“thI-uwnhtm awum. rutMomrpm,diflmudmul-W Mob nitmgunh‘dboonhubhhdmndlabla oithortnthotom, 0, «WW, 3. rum-mnu,msqmu1uuonof 11(th will“ thud: ditch nitrogen had been bubbled as «may in fin remit, 3. Emu: nitrogen mm m «1111:! in tram- tommmflu‘bfltmnuohmManual,1,ud mwmm. Inatcotthounm) alumna-tho me,t,ummnam,b,mmlmdbyud- Ingmm-nm.n,mtmommmmumunhmgn6 Inmmrm. ammutmmudtmmmmw flulau(nd_),c,mmm,mmm,mm. ummmMMuumu-(mmmmw M01,D,unmunmhuthutmlphouommn. “alpha-u mum at nun-anyhow“ awn-am». In mm,omaummmmmummmmm Wmmummuwuum mu- bnthn ta- «Won. Fran-tum, amt math-£1.3(H) ”human-imam. ‘I‘huourcoftutod in flat 29110113; mm W, E, m Md with nth-om tor WW;umrmv-cn1,n,mmmuthumtnudy manmmwumbmmbymnmmu mum-aathonfinmmlmunmmudhtmoth-HJUI) Wimmbuflth. Omcnffldm solutionhdbun ton-«d 153 inhmbmth,thctnbotmnmdiuomocudmdthoulutiu Win-rod {m hurt“. to nitrogen-{mod {Lulu in . 0W mm MWOuth-widmtortha tin (II) Gelatin-mi «uneasily oominor thu amount a! tin (II) or tin (Iv) hydroxide um wuldbctomddwinztbmutrfliutimotmmid withalolutin or Itmdard bun. Baum, mutations of tin u pupa-ad for this antics mm, mm Its" . 10" v. f” m ii nu round that: in. ion timotntroohlympandtin(n) tolutimmamntidJJoqmlto tutorialmmmhairmmwpuaodtorommh um man. man“ at tin (II) to tin (Iv). (For widitiu a! tin (II) Iolutim m Appendix I, m1. :1.) rotatinmcmmflm an inland bymm‘inathl mum oxidicpmimoxun (II) WHdithiohh it sue-um). Ww,mwgwwvmimm,mm to "due. the tin main in solution to tin (II); 4. null quinine: Wm 30!, i um Chaim Gummy mm, m an diaper:- inclpm; WJ-hdima,awoduto£MmCch-pw, mummummhmtmimmmuw M.(Ffl&mdfldlmm1wWCldm(n) dutiommlppcmixl.) Pa' «O m aspirin-nu it a: damn to obtain tin(IV)n1hto munu‘?) mid... Mmmdbymflmdflantdflo nub) vim mmhd mimic acid at 190°C. (30) . aim-gun: hating ummmmumu «mumuwwnomn sulfides uni w and thus are not dis-01m (u till (I?) 16 cultu- nu) on firth” addition of hot, minke! m1. aid and mmwmmm(mn1mobymmumwuaw glut. WMhdmasndn-Jolufiammfludtviu Emm(fl)muouu¢iu,w:miouliddihmudmo lumuindulkdhymumfiondthuulmundpm Wu. toabtdntmaftnUWmGytmnmo: \in(fi)m1tmint7m'amibhmphoodinnmmmu 500%.tntu1nhom. mm.mommmu,mmh indiluhuiduflmw. numwmmwummmw «Wuummmwmmunnm: moo." um amid. WW mutua- mum mummnindnmumdnm,mmmmum. mmmhmflnumdnh. Wit-unn- Wainwc.rumhmamuxfi°c.tahamum umpmiiinmm,unummm. Iihuboonmmmqumvduri-(mnnmuu mmimmmmiydiummmmmm mmsyammmuium. 90mm. wwwmuhmrhuwmyummmm). urcmwumnuuuiunn,itmmiuuuiu- m,aammmm.¢wmxiumnum pup-antics.“ anummmu «an» (IV) (a). mmnwmunmmmymimmm 0.?mkufimcw,g—phdthummmin 'Tradmrk, Coming Ghu mu. 17 ell-mind um, tutored and in tho manning whim um um I)wmmmaiiricuidmmimrmmiouaidunm autumnnam'mmdmmniiuumhmimm mlSiinomndthlthyflnuofluinum. Rupert- timmtfltlwoommmtdupmdmdafibumtmliumdwod mmmmmucmu(mumchmmw,m mu it 83%. m- aim ham. aibjacting thin Wallis-d an tote-h tor iupm-iiiu,iimrouni than 95.6 limoonuind 1.3. 2.0.5..airman-ignintmotio"v.r.cam)mumin maria" v.1: .1411)“ 2) uMuMnmifliui-d, Mmutiduhrytuflnpurpoulufldo was“. (300 spy-mutter um perm.) ”wavy-mum l-auiun Imu- nim um. (I!) m m a 11m. distilled «as. u poo-inn “thnifimanlmutwmpmndln memm.mnmpnmmpimou mumm(n)mmmm,ummi,wumm- mumummnimumiamimaohmnafc. Indus-mu confluent, Mon). . 1.3.0.» for-Id. nmumammu(mnnmumm,u 20.1:878 m.dhhdntdondommad$fl.dmmm Wouidm,morn1uunnmmu,wmm ummnmmmmuwuiuunmmnw. maria (waninumuuunu-dinmuuuuammmby mummMmdm-WWMmtmuam mimoaatmym. (Sukppoadixlfel'daupcfldnincio 3W «rim mm, 1.0., Acidity, um «rim and «rim (1').) 18 scrim (III) nint- oolntim veto obtained by bubbling suitor dioxide through on omrioto «rim (IV) mlfoto «lotion. Reduction of cor-inn (IV) ooournd within 10 to 20 minutes but it no mount: to bubbl- nitrogoa through tho Ioiution for can to two hours before tho odor of sulfur dioxid- m no longer detectable. the midi-h, you“ color of «rim (1?) ”lotion and tho ooh- mutation at «rim in tho ltudard oolution (~0.06 v. I.) won mtfioiont to who tho dotomimtion of tho tulhu'io acid mutation Ion-fiat difficult by obscuring tho color of tho phonolphtlaloio and point all mowing hydroxide by precipitation of tho nun hydroxide. to obviat- thin difficulty, boron titration with. aodim hydroxid- colu- tion, on." Hm): meant, oodius oxdoto no oddod to the oolutiom or corin- in m to roduoo omn- (II) to ceriu- (III) and prooipittto tho mm:- inoolublo «rim (III) mu (33). Sour-11 hotbed. of minis of «rim (1') in tho sanded Dolo- tionl taro ottonptod and (and mint motiofootory boron tho follow- ing-othod new «hand (31)). In tho prooonoo of o pin-phone acid- uomrio ooid bnffu' caution, ou-iu (Iv) any ho (iii-om um: iron (II) «in: oodiun dimming comm. :- indium. Iron (II) solution- inhImmtboltudu-dind Idthtpflnuyutndud,potuoiudi- emu,inthowomotthomwnroolutionmd ninth-um indium! u 10 W in tho flan-600‘?) titration. Honk row torm- u-oniuo mint. tantalum-at. m mod for tho ”lotions of iron (II) 3 W1) miyuoai mgom potash- diohrouto no . notation of oodiu diphnylnino ulronato obtained {m Dr. E. killing-:- an and. 1;? Analyses for tot-u cox-1m in the standard solutions can tom dummy. Tho moon or mm and tom (35,36), in which maniac) poroultato in tho prom of catalytic qmtitios or silver ion in used to oxidize «rim (III) to «rim: (IV), gave omtio multo. It was found that oudation with oodimn bio-outlaw m loot mooosm out! the results matted that fin oorium (1'1") coatont of the standard ‘ solutions not fairly m1}. (334). 2O Ei$fiim .11. PRO: ECKEEIQ-JS In general, chemical nations my be divided into two «taxation feet teatime, for thick «too not be measured in e utter or none- w nillieeoonde, and nodente reaction mob permit nte Inmate mreperiodofuimtee,hourewmndm. Inenli‘m'iooreulhn'ioo perohlorie eoid Iodie, the nation a: «rim (Iv) Ind tin (II) ie memetbetwenthetueextreeeeinthet itdoen notooovineutter otnimeeooodeerhouro,butineutteroflimtee. Eventhon‘he reeotien occurring in nimtee would not require en emanate equip-eat anemia-1mm, epeoid Momma. eere nevertheleee "animatotellovtheeonreeotflaereeotion. Ituei'omd thtthe reeponee or the neoknen lode). DU Spectrophotometer woe tut enough top-me ropdd mnte e! the m: or e tin (In-«rio- (Iv) eolutioa'. (W: I log 1/1., fibre I. it the new Wt: uterincthoeelutimond1,mieteneitwetteritbutmdthe motion. Itieueuedtuttheerteotoreeilioaeenendthe eelveotweemeenbemenedbyutflngtheebeMJoto-etebed ntmnoe «11 plan about to be em.) It one round thet the ebeorbanoy e! one onetitneot use memble with little interference In either nutmteeewodmteineelutin. Wmituepoeeiblete ”mete the tomato" e! the «u (naming in which the abeorptien an... amusing min (1?) tin (II) eolutione, um placed for WW. 21 In mono ond perolxlorio eoid oolntione, no ebeorption peek of oerim (Iv) ooom'e at 315 I}, (35.37). The mom extinction ooeftioient, e” of the ceriu- (IV) ie 558 x 10’ (or. 35), that ie, in o one-ma. silica «11, in (9.05 v. f. to 3 v. r. eulturio acid, the oboorbency of e 1 x 10“ v. r. cox-io- (Iv) eolution ie 0.558. e . ie not affected by e W or ennui-is end perohlorio noide in which the ratio with: 3.50. ie 2:1. it doom... mum, to 1.27 x 10’ in e a v. f. pemhlorio eoid eolutioo in uhioh (mm/(com) - 9.1.59 . Ceriu- (III) wauumzmumumnnmmcm II) butthenolu' emnctioo ooei'tioient, 6., in ebout 2.7 x 10" eo tht the contribution ofoerim(m)tetbobeorbuwyottheeo1utionienegu¢ibleiomt inetanoee. (For «an. a oomotione oppiied, eee Section V.) tin (II).tio(IV) amoumm) matium denotebeorbin thin region, eee Figure IV. Sinee 6. ie eeeentmh ineeneitive to Motion-inomentutienoteulmmooid,oneetudordiutiooue “hint. eultm'ioooidot 25°C. (Figure I) enduedthl'euzbout theeoureeotthioeork. Ateo-eoerim (I?) connotation, 6.1- not‘mtent) the dotted line in Figure I indiuotee the W! thet would be obeerved it 6. wore mum et 01 min- (IV) Augmentation. Itmeeeu-edthet (-‘didnotohange eithtmenturenethatthe nloee obtained tron the eteoderdintion were need over e temperature nnge o: o°c. to 25°C. (Odibntioo data m tuna]; in Appendix I, m1. m1.) Solotione um equflibo'eted in two «pom. thematic bathe , one or which use Itintained a 0%., 5%., 10%., or 15°C. I o.1°c. 22 6.5.33 GHH v5.33 , Ho Eocene peHoHpneuflS .HH ehsmam , «\a -3” , nuwcodebwz . 8N 8N 0mm OHO> *. 4 q — d.» 8.4 .. Toni 8.. x gum a EH55“— o N ONNmHN . o o. .o o: L 8.0 I 8.0 .. 8.0 I 00.0 Koquooqv 23 00M 8m 04m 0mm .14 . m q d ocean A 515.2: Ho Eugene .....oHoyneApS .HHH 933E KIM: new? .725 . ... 00m 8m :08 0mm 04w. 0mm . H - q a.» and .. Wanna“— ..E .-2 x on. . WEE 3.0 3.0 8.0 Iouquoeqv 2b 000 .33 again .0.» H 5. 6.3.3.... 05:3 83 355» no 8.525 ooaofiéofia .2 93m: 00m 00m 8N a a a 5n npmnoaebez 0m. . 0+.mm ...: .13 x 0 zfiHvofl. a 0mm No.0 1 .0572 x o «055 ._o 0&00 -.0H.0 100.0 -000 n 00.0 1 00.0 1 8.0 I 05.0 - 00.0 I 00.0 fioueqiosqv 25 .38 eggs 4.» a 5 33d; Afivaofloo no nonooflvaofiom .> 233m :2 x no.» ..modonm - . 00m _ . 00.04 _ . _ 0006 — q — - q 1 ¢ Q 23.53? mm .0 .. 33: on» o1 88°33? .30 n K 0 C) C‘ 000.0 100N.0 1604.0 1000.0 1000.0 1000.." 100N.H 1000..” 1 000..“ 1 0004 1800 8N4... .{ouoqaooqv 26 mreaotionenreoorriedmtinthe 1m. onioooolle uhiohhwee ulmofohouttmni. To attaineportiouhr temperature inthe Boom «11 W, it use poeoible to circulate through a eet ct thenoepaoore' e 101 glycerin-utter nixtm-e tron the lower toapenture both eo- mm- m the higher emporium both. up water (ebont 18°C.) ‘ moinuhtodthro’ughthe housing“ thehydrogenlup (light mtg We tor «rim (IV) ebeorption lemon). Under thou condition, the cell Wot me regulated et lover tenpereturee to within 2 03°12. (roo- telnet-attire 20%. to 25°c.) end to within 3 0.5%. (teen t-pentue 25°10. to 37%.). mo «ammo by in. higher tenperetm both, t)- temerntnre variation in the cell W use I 0.2%. mr the entire range or rool telnet-atone. The eeoentiole of the expel-ileum prooedul'e were on toilette: into a wtiouht value of e oori. (I?) ”lotion in a opeotropbotnetrio «11 no toned tepidly by Deane of o pipette, e nation!» volnno or a tin (II) ‘ooiotioo. the total voiole o: the uniting eolution m Jerk-1. Into-needle. I.tol.h v. I.Iithi\neu1:ateend/or 2 v. I. to 3 v. I. We ooid et 0°C., the Wity o! the eqution an appreciable nod eone additional nth-ring with :1 51am rod woe neoeeeory to eeoure good mixing. Zero tine for the motion we token to be the tile et thioh pipetting 933. By proutting the tuna- Iieeion did of the epeetnophotoaeter et varieti- oboorbonoiee ond eligi- in; the electric tie-r“ with the did, it on pooeible to obeerve the ”one (use otteollent #2021. NI Preoieion Soientitie Coupon}, Tine-It. 27 tile et which the routing eclution pceaeeaee e perticuler W to within 3 1 eec. The reaction was fanned oloecly for ebcut S nimtee; efter SO nimtee it we {and thet the reaction bed Needed to con- pleticn end find new were rude at thet tine. Time, than ceriu- (IV) use etcichicnetricdly in emcee, the final absorbency m telten to correspond to the emcee cerium (I?) value etter tin (II) (had been coupletely oxidized to tin (IV). (It ceriu- (III) ccncentreticne were Apprecieble, this value we corrected accordingly.) ‘M tin (II) he in excess, taught. or the mum bet-1m (Iv) eolutioa end the ecluticn c! ceriu- (IV) pine tie (II) were obtained. ‘rc thin eclutica use eddcd enough ceriu (I?) each that the origin]. exceee tin (II) in oxidized to tin (IV) end en emcee of cerium (IV) retained. After 50 limtee, the charm: of the eclutiou use sewed end the night reccrded. Knmdn‘ the clam: of th original ceriu- (IV) eclnticu, end the densitiee or both the cerim (H) and tin (II) ecluticne, in constitution with the ebove date, the conccntretione a: «rim (IV) and tin (II) in the brim ecluticn my be obtained. (Staple belch- Ieuone v11). be rem! in the (allowing notice.) ANALYSIS (F DAT; Evaluation of. Spectmphotomtrio Data The erigiml dete (ipprndix II) coneiet or ebcorbenoiee or vex-1m eolutiooeeeeteneticocftile. Ploteot theeececorreotedveluee vereue tile inducted eclutione in thich there wee poor rising or Wu et erretio perforeeooe on the pert of the epectrcphotoneter m,octhiebeeie, theee detereredieoarded. Themeininedeteuro corrected for any ebeortenoiee contributed by the ebecrptioe eene the-eelvee end then, I‘m theee vdnee, mutation of oeriu (IV) teuobtetoedeeemetmotuee. Inordcrtodetereinethe eeriu (IV) mtretiee of e eelction containing ceriu- (III) end (IV) tree epeotrcphet-etric dete obtained et :15 up, it ie necessary to nip e niteble correction for the Count of ceriu (III) preeeut. The Ieeeuredebeorbeley,i,oteecletieaieequ1to E 61 «31:1,th G1 ie the meter extinction coefficient c! the i“ eteuorting epeoiee Meceaceutretieeieegeeddietheleuthotthpethoflight going through the aim. lune, for e eelutioe in mob omb- (III) endIV)eenheeeneideredtheen1Jehecrbingepeoiee,theebcoI-hency et e portion” tine, t, il 13) 41‘ . 6‘ LC.(IV)]td e 6, (Ce(m)]td . Q‘ end 9. ere the hour extinction cceftioiente of ceriu- (IV) end (111) reepeotireb'. 29 Inthereeotienbeteeentinun endocrin- (IV) itiepoeedhle te detereine the initial mutation of onion (IV) in tin following me 1) it eeritee (III) ie ebeent et the beginning of e reeotion, theehecrheneyoheevedinthetiretzotoaoeeocndeieeueotien‘y' flat or earn- (1'): e good minced eetinete o: the initiel oeriu (xv) mutation, [Ce(IV)]., ie nede by plotting Io; {Ce(IV)]‘ venue tine eooextmpeutmtet-o.m2)uemmto:oeum(m)u prenatiathereecticnnixtnre,thecorreepondin¢ ebeorheooyteenh- treoted tron the cheerved chem: end the melting nine ere treatedeeiothe aeeecteeriun (12:) ea. cert-(m) end (IV) eencentretioue et the, t, whe releted to the initial ementretim et t e O by eettiu 19) iCn(IV)]‘ . {Mung - x 20) {Cc(III)J-15 I {Ce(III)]° t I, ‘ Me I- Leta/1.010“. (IV) thetheve reected. Suhetitntin; theeeexpreeeicneintolfl)ed1ettin¢deque11on., 21) 3‘ . em. [CC(IV)]° * 63 [CO‘III)]. . (e. " e3) I all, calving for I, 22) x . ée {00(17He * 5e (mum): - AL . 6" e; run-the: eubetitution of thie expreeeicn into 19) end management yield 3‘ e- 63 {(CB(IV)]° "’ (69(m110} 23) [IS-(1')), ' e e e "' e z: e. . 5.58 x 10' 1J1” m $3.0.27‘10’1e/ pity-cm. f . ut.-cm.’ then ‘23) beconee 2h) (00(IVM‘ - (1.8-8) 1: 10") At . 0.05308 {moan}, + (numb; . Thieexpreeeionmuedinocnneotion eithenreectioneintetioh {c.(rm. > 2 [mm]. . the quantity o: m (II) promt than thou oonditione in «mm it the oefltl (IV) comtreticn et t e06 ieknom. haematite”) ett «- 0° , 25) (Con?!) 1t ”a - {Cam'ng . 1.. , end tron the reletiene 26) 2 i3!!(II)]t . a [shun 1. - x 27) 2 iMIfl], "' Ian ‘ lGeUVHt " [COUVHo e the concentration of tin (II) et tint, t, in 28> mm), - (chumI - tc-(Ims; . In this work, t 00 ie 50 lint”, W 2 [Shun]. 7 [Ce(1V) 1., ebeorhenny neuorenente et nSyindicetetheeeriuepeoieepreeeothutdonoteetehliehthe 31 «entity of tin (II) preeent. Since the ebeorbenoiee e: tin (II), tin (IV), ceriun (n1) end oath. (IV) mrlep In the hem 200 to 260 I), additional lulu-elem et those meelongthe were not practical (new II, III,endIV). Mecheachnethcdt-eomu deternine (3n(II)]t. sbppoee thet, origineny 2 :1. o: bee-1a (IV) (containing 2 x 10" m, Ce(IV)) tune eddod to 1 II. of tin (II) (outlining 2.1 x 10“ seq. 31! (11)) to tom e reaction nixture cf 3 n1. Artur eutficient reaction, to edditiooel nilIiliter of oeriu (IV) m eooeo end, et (1),), , the absorbency o: the h-eI.-eo1me tee nemrod, Let (Ce(IV)]. equel the «flu (IV) preecnt initielly in the mm end Iet (cemn. - «g [Ge(IV) 1, ego-1 the ooooeutee- tionoroeriuepecieeintheh-nl.~eoluee. Ittheinitieleoneuo tretion o: «rim (III) in em, then me equeticn 22), in the hen.- vcltuee , 29) X" a 6‘ [CO‘IV’]‘ " 9‘) e ‘ '6‘. 6. 31m x,_1o the 3-n1.-vo1m ie M; (1.), than 30) XIIE—JLA 601V} . h‘hlp 3 2 E‘Oe; I ( )1. 3(6‘0 6’) . It the extinctim coefficiente ere evaluted ee before, 30) heme 31) I, . 1.5m (mum, - (2.511 x 10‘") no.0 . where I. in one]. to twice the connotation of tin (II) preeent in the enema 3-:1.~vclme, 2 (M11) 1,. one; equetione 19) end 26). 32 the concentration of tin (II) in the mactien nature et tine, t, 1e 32) {mmnt - fla‘mle‘jfigmnwmmn‘ . It the tetal tin concentration at the mention mixtune in known, the concentvaticm of ti!) (1'?) my be obtained by dif‘fmme. Kinetic Treatment Once concentvetiem e: eerlun (III) and (m and tin (II) and (Iv) are determined, kinetic Wheat of the cute, is fairly etnight tome-d. It we {send that, depending upon the experimental conditions, the reaction obeys either e locum-order rate 13!: or I» rate he first order in tin (II) but inflepmdent e! the commutation of cerium (IV). In the mat that e "calm-order rate ie obeemd, 1f the initial concen- mm. of emu (m) and tin (n) .9. 3 ms 33 respectively em, et thee t, the concentration are (eon) and (13%), then the decrease in cerim! (IV) with em, 3% , 13 team! to be (38) 33) 5:5 - lc'(&~x)(_2_b_i_§) - k(eex)(2b-x). The Imam-order nte eonetent to k in unite of 1./:eole eee. ’=—hen e I 2 b, intention or 33) end evaluation or the intogntiea emetant at t e 0, yield the rate equation 3w n-u-‘f-m [3%1‘32'1551 . x: the mute tine-order in un (II) hemmed, M.- the me no Inger depends Upon the «rim (11?) concentration, then the decreeee 1neer1m(fi)dthtim1etemfitobe 35) §'k3'(2¥3 III kxfi’bex), I chm h,L 1e the met-order mete «me with unite e: eee.’ . The integreted rate equetien 1e 36) _ 1n {153211 - m. Valuee 01' teen which”: deter-med by plotting log 26-73% - let [%quu. flaunt-,ebetter plated-1 "prun- tettohettheeeteteehtemeeu m {leg EC..." ’1‘; teeheueeetmefienottneeeumnflme nte'mtho-lopoueqmlh 1: . whee-ethem-et-oedernte emuee,loI[MII))‘1eplotted;eI-2uetile(ngere11)]theelope teequeltekn . Reeulte it 0°C. the New: e! mate tee-e person-e under expert- mtneemnttmmhthettheendeueeetuun) hymn-(xv) obeyed e new-cede:- rete In. Over e range of [tuning/[MID]. Ire-6.72teth,thewn1eeetkmtoudtebe19.81./ee1e eee. Initial eeriue (IV) mutation Iere 13.09 :10“ e. t. to 3.01 x 10" e. r. and the mmmc meme eem eeeeehmttee nee 1 v. f.('re.h1e II). he the pram of 5.8 x 10“ v. r. eerie. (m) . [Oe(m)}., t eee enghtly an», 18.3 1./eo1e. eee. (fine In). mmCH)n1teteuepneentutheextehtunte 3h 6.00 3 (@°(IV)] / [3mm]; 8 e(exp) l/[Ce(IV)]e- 2[Sn(II)]. £1.03 8 I l l l 1 l 0 20 #0 6O 80 ’ 100 120 1&0 160 180 200 Time in seconds Figure VI.‘§inetib treatment of second-order retes at 0°C., 1090. and 20°C. ' 35 6.00 F 8 2.00 e(exp) 1/ [Ce(Iv)].- 2 [Sn(II)] . (log (EC-(Dig / [.Sn(II)])tS Q - P°-III, tin(IV) "oxide present to the extent of a visible slurry A - 1—7, 5.8x10'* v.f. cerium(III) sulfate present Cl - W—III, tin(IV) enlfate present to the extent of a visible slurry l.‘ l 1 #1 l 1 l J l l 0 20 TO 60 80 100 120 M0 160 180 200 _ Time in. seconds Figure VILKinetic treatment of second-order rates in the presence of cerium(III), tin(IV) sulfate and tin(IV) oxide. 36 8.00 '8 e(exp) 1/ [Co(Iv)] .- 2[Sn(II)]. [103([Ce(Iv)] / [Sn(II)])t} s» 8 2.00 '- .A L, l l I l l l l l 41 O 20 LO 60 80 100 120 lhO 160 180 200 ~ Time in seconds Figure VIII. Kinetic treatment of accelerated second-order rates at different ionic strengths, b.00 2.00 t“ 8 5) In C) P 8‘ 2[Sn(II)]t x 10 ‘* 0.h0 0.20 37 o .0326, ,u - 3.26 ' [Sn(IV]° - 3.23x1o'“ v.f. A - 3-13, 34 - 5.33 _ [5mm]. - 2.11. x10 " v.f. D g 05-9,}1 . le83 [5n(1v)]a . 10.46 x1o’“ v.f. '. l’ l J I -l l l l l l 20 R0 60' 80 100 120 lhO 160 180 200 Time in seconds Figure IX. Kinetic treatment of rates first-order in tin(II) at different- ionic strengths. . ‘ 10.00 38 8.00 '8 4.00 O - Sal-6. age 3 days GUI?) 1/ [90(IV)]o‘ 2[3n(II)].[log ([Ce(1'v)] /[Sn(II)])t3 A - S-16, age 1 day 2.00“- I l I l l I I I I 0 20 1+0 60 80 100 120 1L0 160 Time in seconds Figure X. Kinetic treatment of second-order rates accelerated by aged tin( II) solutions. I 180 200 ‘39 TABLE II xmmcs or 01111111812 or 21! (11) s! emu (IV) .22 0°C.. 323030-0833! 21.21215 1:11:24 uv..~_-.‘u- -."mfl-fl-‘~-w m --‘.—o--- ......... w‘w‘... o Sel'iee mom!) 2I8n(m [11;][830 [m " v.1.xl . 15:31.0 1. l./aole eee. } v.2 . ...} 17.} ] 3-13.9h9 5.1673 116.5 2.005 1MB 0.580 0.153 2 .661 11.908 16.2 3 .086 3.833 19. 6 b 3.758 3.151. 19.2 3 30615 2.968 23.? Tom m . 3.73 i 10 Vere 3.580 .530 22.1 10 3.550 2.205 17.6 11 3.280 .988 18.1 12 3.158 5.601 13.6 18 3.691: 1.865 18.9 64 1.381 L980 25.5 1.963 1.151; 0.556 0.1419 2 3.206 11:21.9 20.1 3 3.267 h.366 21.7 10 3.111 8.575 15.9 _‘ 11 3.312 5.01:9 22.6 roe-1 tin - 3.92 x 10 v.2. 12 313011.555 18.3 13 3.502 11.861: 19.9 16 3.070 11.117 18.0 1-1 3.253 1.196 17.5 2.008 1.515 0.531. 0.1165 2 3.262 1.261. 22.3 .. 3 3.192 1.131. 21.1. 262.11 tin - 1.613 x 10 v.2. I. 3.220 1.158 26.1 5 3.212 1.212 21.1 0-10 3.1111 3.025 20.1» 1.679 1.367 0.599 0.381. 11 3.181 2 .892 19.1. 13 3.093 2.770 18.6 .. 112 2.916 2.791 19.3 Total tin - 3.950 x 10 7.2. 15 2 .930 2 .7146 17.5 16 3.031 2.683 21.5 11 3.115 2.506 20.6 18 3.095 2.50! 23.5 9-3 3.081» 2.th 18.3 2.577 1.915 0.656 0.531 k“ n 19.8 3 2.11 mu. m - 2.315 x 18%;. 2181.8 111 1:811:26 a 0111112102 :1 218 (11) 8‘! 0mm (19) II 282 PR3. 821202 or CARIUM (III) A? 0 6.! 3&0213-(11’3111 HECB £13! series Ic.(Iv)1. 101 2 3 5 7 8 9 10 11 12 2 .539 2 .533 J .299 2 .791 2 .7133 2 .611 2 .997 2 .718 3 .525 2 .721 2.870 3.1228 5?; 2{Sn(II) ]. 9.1.110‘ 1.607 1.759 1.998 1.791 1.995 1.958 1.356 1.688 1.786 1.733 1.993 3 .321 "u k 18.? 12.1 16.0 16.0 18.3 22.2 21.9 16.0 12.8 15.8 21.3 1) .0 3- {H 1 {390. 1 I30. '1 mum). 1./Iele see. v.1. v. 1'. v. 1'. 7.1.110‘ 2.0215 1.171 0.585 0.1615 5.8 261.1 m - 1.268 x 10"v. t. 1.96 1.555 0.552 0.1.3:? 5.8 ma tin - 1.681s :- 10'". !. -ms=3m *‘_~ AM murmntummmmmnnm. .thgguiigtgisfiu «2.9815... .80... {Ba 33.0 .oua 68.0 .2 £86 .54. an? 54.. «ado .7.» .§_ «- £85. I! IHHIFIl .1 0.2. an; 54 .38 MW” 5 0.1. 23.." a8. .58 s «.i do... 934 .58 WM a 482.3“. $4.7. .5 «Jo... 9.5 a; one; .58 n .. n «.8 «84 than .38 I, a 3.0 3.6 2.3 «8.4 3:. mm..." 83 .58 a _27.6 «A... a 3m.“ .38 «a «« 5.3 83 “2...” «Wm «.3 3.3 43; .58 n «In «.3 3.4 «84 .58 «H «d “2. ti..." 8: .58 «« .58 «36 ems... mgr" Rm.“ «.3. 8m. m3; saunas .5 «4r We“ Se; 5.... aka. «cam 63 . «.«u 984 an.“ Pad .26 an Sn!» 3nd mafia aflm «we 3nd 48% his? savor...“ 2 q.“ es} 9:..." .93.. a .8 a «.3 menu .3." P.5- a v9.3 «a «36 «no.0 3.4 E.« 0...: «he; «in... .53. 4.81... «4..., . .r Jib 2811' Joe id «and.» an.» cause: i rue: Peas: P5 K a 43121" .358. :5 a .518 Engine: a; ..ooo «4 Eu .5 .s 353% an a .5 553 B an a 8 go .3 6355 3 s5.” . nfim .. R «3% «3.0 4%; 2,. J... v S u 9%.... .. 5» «Joe new 3.3 «RA 2 I can 33 1.6mm; .3 a4.“ 0&4 «mm; m fin u m.n~ 3“; m9; «R6 «34 5.3 54 "E..." ... ..p 0.3. mead man.“ 3 mfia 8a..” 3m.“ 2 and .. R «....n as.“ 2...... 3 u p .73 u Ewan .. a3 38 min «34 ma.“ .3 . j... «2.... man.“ 3 4.3 an.“ «3.... 2 4.2 as..." 51... fl don 2.38 ea...“ a «2...» 8m.» 8...... m «.3 08.“ 93.“ ... w: mum; m3.“ .1 m... .... 93 m2..." 84H .56 .33 «.3 «3.... sum.“ « on RE .. R ....NH one.“ on...“ 3 J.» 13 u «24 .. a «3.9 #3 8a.." .a an . ‘ «:3 82.. .u « «... n «.3 8o... $4." 8n!” mafia 4.3 “34 Sfin «In 09.. ifi eHe.’ e ’ OHe’ ONO. to: i” ONO’ '0 Que, «anew—5.. crude: :«3 has be: r. 8“ "...-8E FE IJI.‘ 00¢ a... fiufimmE fiméamu 5.6% H22 5889 .3. 95 go um and ha 8 Bauhaus B 33.5 538.1. M. ’ 14h .3“ «RA Run 3 «.3 4:"..— omoé 3 9.3 2h.“ 3%.” an «.3 3...." 30% «a p. in .3.” .84 3 d.» a. «.2 .. a 9.9... an...“ 43.... m J... 1.2 a Sod .. a: 38 ....a on..." mBA m fins 5»; tfln a . mama 3...,“ 34.0 3a.." and.“ «6... 48.." 2.0..” «Inn .18 3..." gm 2“ 0.5 a« mafia 5 3a . ms...“ 03% 3 3.... mafia «36 ....n .. «.9 33 «RA 9 m.” ... v.3 . a ".8 $3.... 23$ 9 d3 . an.” 8.: p .u.» 1.3 u 994 .. an. .33. 4.3 33.. 02..” .... «.8 mud... 5%.” m 93 «2. a mmfln a 0.3 mod... «RA m .36 ~96 noné 02.6 mom." . fiww Era HF...” 74! .u; . b .u.» J.» .3. «no-K.“ n u .u.» «baud; Pd: PW...“ ncooEv _. E K x $33.: onjtvaa not»... I: ‘A!..llz.... .. .00‘3‘.'...i. :3. It; Infill. bug I tfl’i’ :i 1:.l1ll. .1»: ‘1 coo 9. EH95”: 9.3.3.939. . .qnfifiua a: Egmzmfi mafia $03...» no 95 9.9993 9. as .5 .8 E5480 .6 3.9.3 MB» ”3.9 1.5 I?» "w song” ”99“ a... gnu“. , ”no..." 0 no 3888 .5 335333 a. 8a." 92 9 an.“ a 9.. h. o... «.5 ga- «QB eon. . . n «.9. a. z 9.59. .188 93.9 .89 morn a.“ ... ... 9. .... 4.8 H. "as a? 9 92.9 a m 9 ... o ...n -2: than 9. m ..E a 5.0 mu mm.“ fin m ...H. .. 999...... 9....” 99. .3. .... a 9 Wm m Mum“ _ 9mm. c.1m n a no...” ”new.“ ”mm“ M9 an an m 9.: 8%. m. .68 Run“ ammo 92.6 “a.“ «9 fl Wm. « mm... 29.9 . ”.30 9...... flux new.“ MM“ ma ..H - 0 q I.‘ I , .....9 99.99.... 9......“ .99 9“ 99 9 .9 99....” .999 9...“ 99... 99.... .99. 9 9 O o. a Q O .. E m Wm... wwx 1% “new..." .E. o as 9 an.“ a w «.9 .. 9.3 . a Ema an.“ an.“ o p . 3: 83 8a..” “2.4 an.“ a .9 ammo 3.. o a.» E.“ 9 ... an o :96 s3 2... 9 9 .o F ma? an. .34 93 a o 4.... .. mg” 3.0 Sm o 8.3 80.9 «a a . . . . 9.3... 89.0 a; 08.9 m a .8. in .9.» .u... . p a... 388 a... 182... I... .350 Pea: Puma C: K I. u. not» ouooggas mug Egg gm 8: ggfl L6 .999 «99.9 . ad a how 3.9.933 .19.?» Page . um“ m 9.39 :3qu :35939932 .899 8358 .999 9999 .93 m 83998 .Qnu 03d» .3?! gkuaéuaigtggaéiugigg. 9.9 a 9. 99 .. 9.9 .. 9.. mm and.” Rfln an a. 3 Ann.” main 9 .9... 72 u 999.... . .5 3.9 9.99 999.9 999.9 9 _ «NM 999.9 9.99.9 9 . a. 999.9 999.9 9 999.0 .3 999.0 999.9 999.9 89.9.19 ”WM.“ .59 999.9 92.9 9.39 9 9. 3 5.9 39.9 9 9. «9 8.9.9 999% 9 .9.» 12 u 999.9 .. a! 9399 .199 9949 9.8.9 9 99.99. 98.9 . «and m 9.3 an 99nd n 98.9 ...3 9.99.0 999.0 9.3.9 8.9% Gum 92.9 an 9... u 9. 999.9 499.9 .9.» 2.99 a 99929 ... .5 19.9 9.99 93.9 39.9 9.9 .9.» 73 .9 9.99.9... 5... .399 f3. 9.9 .358 9.3.9 999. 9 999.9 999.9 . 9.99 93.9 98.9 9.9 ..w; 73 a «me. n .- 955 59.9 ..3 999.9 999. .9 2.9. ... 49.9 9.99 89.9 994.9 9.9 9.29 33 0.329 9 «.R 8nd 9.3..— ,9 .9... 1.2 n 89.9 .. 59 .938 92 9994 999:9 9 . 9.99 an.” 999.... 9 9.99.9 ...osa 9.2.9 999.9 999.9 999.9 9.99 999.9 999.9 1949. .9932 9 099.9 .. 89 93.9 o «9%.. 9:9 9 _ 9 o 99.9 m . . . 999.9 999. .9 999.9 99.9 9.99 999.9 999.9 .999 . J.» ., ..u... Joanna-9TH nib u..u> I: .38 F emu .\ #:9999999. 954:2. h .....49.~.85 Pm.“ 14.9.9 9.99:9 ammo-9889 99.5.9398... ..uoo .99 99.: .33... an 995 an .8 89.9393 8 8999.5 “Hg 1.7 .0319 9.99.90 indéuaéusta.§8tuoas§ofi§9399£lfiaflhfio§.. 29 98.9 999.9 9 999 999.9 999.9 9 .9.» 199 9. 999.9 . 59 93.9 999 999.9 999.9 9 293 9 99.9.9 999 9 89.9 39.0 nflm 89 999.9. 990.9 9 .99 . 9.99 999.9 999.9 99 9.99 999.9 999.9 99 9.99 999.9 999.9 99 9.99 999.9 m 9 MM 9.99 89.9 mm .9 9.99 29... 999.9 99 8 9.99 98.9 999.9 99 9.9 n 9.99 .. 9 9.99 990.9 999.9 09 39.99 999.9 93.9 9 .9... 1.99 9 999.9 .. 999 93.9 9.99 999.9 999.9 9 n.2, 999.0 999.9 9 9.99 999.9 999.9 9 . «“99 999.9 999.9 m , 9 99 80.9 999.9 9 9.8 9 9.99.9 9.99.9 02.0 39.9 99.9 0.99 999.9 92.9 n . 9. .9... . .b .9; .9.» .3. 03.9 H .9.) N .9; .99 9.9.: 9.989 9.85 9.3 99 9 $95.99 $995.99 29.39 “1. II! E ‘ 59599.9» 9959988399 ......99 .99 995 959999 99 9999 99.9 .99 69.999999 8 99.99.9999 BB 959 .99 98.999 ugh 1x8 fin" noun :8... gfipflflfiahugr 55t§§* 2..” toad-Evan 34.0 «3.9 “may" mom." n a 3m 3m 5... ...: 6.3 so.” .25." 43 a a 3.3 W3 u ado Sn..." ...coG 626 2.3. «and 434 u no .02: «a u 3 . . . . Bu." men.” mean an“ n 1 :33 a u an 5..“ ..S Rm." 8.? 33. an.“ a «a me.» E « W8 Rm.” ..3 am." 03.0 33v and an n a.» 9m u 3n _ 8.6 ..3 830 5.0 3.3 menu a <1 «.3. a.“ u ”.3 L s8." ..3 5.0 $6 5.3 8.2 c «kg .8. i.” a... as: ...... . p d.» a.» 388 4 . , k» <3. 5.. .535 am gonna r. 93 C85 PE R we dog .000 .3 Q35 32 fiagam Emacs a 3 HM an h? . R3 5 a on: 9.2.0 2b. a «$6 rd.» 0 84.0 Rm. ... 8a. a am. a 4 3.5.. 0.3.8 34.0 3m... 3%... Re... 926 ow; 8a.» 08. u are a». a fin “MW... $3 a , a _ 3 .0 o .0 u a .m- 32 «a; 86 5; h S». o EMA m3. 0 and o and ...vos 33 am... a». a flu.» as. o 54 5.0 434 Tan 33 3 a .9. .22. 3.2 .56 «an a . . . 3.0 as 2h... 5...” a..." 6.2 .3... 2L. Two 3 N I I“. . 3.0 ...3 9a.” «8:. 2.3“ and 36 3.0 56 as; j are 3 u on. an on...“ 89¢ .33 3 mad ..3 an.” So." 35 am as... 3.: a.“ 33 Run. a." 8a.“ 3...... 234 3 fl." fie.“ go 3a.... 5 n3. ... .. an. «R6 :34. 3.9.0 “$4 Mm— 84 3.3 3.9 5m." 03.0 08; m8... End «a . «a... and.“ 56 30.» a 5.5 ..3 8.3 42.6 NS.” sum «3. an." 36 an.” m...— . $5.0 mode 8m... ma..." 0 an... n a .9. 3.0 93.0 s3... and ... Rm.“ ..3 a; as... 33 «a $6 .36 5.0 so." 3» d.» » J. J.» J; hummus. 31?? .33... 13.3 .525 F. on“ "cuofl_ . R .258” .358“ 025.3 nan-nu ..ouo 94 gm «Bang .23 gamma 8 n5 .5. .8 Banana .8 make an an . SO slurry no man. (mum mu:- m w 5.9 a 10“v.£.), “nuance all. turn-17.6 1.]:910. m. (Table 17). W11, ummdlmutu(fl)ondo,mawnpkw .miéJ.1./no1n.m. m,u:u1uuono:m(mnumm wgnwummmoxumubwmmwm mum2umumm)mmwmuwmm, No menu” pm am m. n “In, melon-aw mend. marsh-mm;"la-Mkuum,70mdmn1001./nh. m.(rwhn)gununmudmmuhguwmmm udottbnuuon(rumx). w,ummumm(m wgummmm.muummm.nmm Mmmwupnmum-(mmm (m3). mumm(n)u1um~umu;mma mummmmomomumu-m 11.1.,thonWWuumlJémem". If“. mwam(m)mmmmmm“x [CdflHJmmpufibhtu‘hun firm-.mmuu mbawmmmuummuuduammm. nun-tom mtmmmquJ(m(fl)lodidn-t _hm¢Mutunmunuuanu. mun-chum” Wtuhmflm(mM§WWa-m(fl) «QM. unmaxm"v.:.cu(mmrmmn.¢m "mmuindunhd byfihodflhhono scum). awn-(In), m(n)mwdomwuustfa.mwmm. trauma-tun prou-o—phxd nun, mn(n1) “neonata- and 51 mummommmm. Lumen-phan- manned; odd:timd1ron(n) magnum... tempura-o4, mmnomotmmuuwmmmma load. loabymmouidm. 71ml, nun-mum! that with» «put-nor t ”Mn 0.91.: m "spousal. tu- melon- muWrumumuunu-mmmuumtm. YmmmmflaMMimdMn(m-mh mounted «ecu-war up 1mm) tbs order o: u- m: m mama-,mmthnhmdmmdthm. {hunt-na- Momnmmmmmuonum(mmmumy ummmmunmamrmmdmeunmdm .mom-ordermuormmtmotmnunm-udunmm). rho-munmmmboumuyunmuammnuu -mct1arau. mummuoawmmnmpnm um(mn1momm(mmmuuwum ordain ant-aubu- did not produc- thuo pm. mwuwmmmmmmmmthu-(m- Mann-”,0ItndymndootmortnuorloMcW, map-,umnmumnmmmmmmmmn nun. sulfuric aid,u1uuoondd1uodnm,ugva¢ aid. rm, damn“ of flu mum of ml: min 1' «pond.» upon deamotmmmummwmza. fl. thump-ta muonmmotaso.’uawndu 37) “w . '5‘ "52s: . SR . “3°: '33-‘30: 52 Mahmuuuwutmmdn («a Sectmn),o 1| tho communion in t. «.../1. and 93 in tho comm nativity «Officiant nun, SB’ ' $30 ' , Value! of {3, obtain“ tron Rana lpcctl‘fl. data by B. afimsfiw (M), m unflablo, based upon [“03 - 0.010!“ It fin ball 1.! cinngod to the Imfilata and smgmam mu. (m), (“0.3. - 0.00m, mm o: 53' m obtain-d. Tu tnndomtiozl in than “do: 1) "lulu twain“, a, m converted to weight fornfltion, I, (M) an! ER. boom. ”3, the might tor-11w mun» coefficient ammo, and 2) tor taoc. u sub-u- tnhd K o .a 0.021 (11.1) with tho assumption thflXRuoc. - 5A 0 0 1"W3. Thus, 9.. o 38) 0.021- .“W‘QL .K‘R - 1!. X‘s . tanning tho street. or 10" VJ. C96?) tad Sn (II) upon a ulna-1o acid solution a laughable, 0009013th of tho ulna-lo um main any h. defimd u, 39) 3650‘ .1 LG) ”550.. . WO‘ :- x 111) '8'. . .nfl‘ Q i . 1 a, definition, ) . m E1 .1 (m', m .1 5.. tbs mm tor-mu dmciullithahlrgo,h. Inter-lufthopndm nautical, u))..fl-3°4’3‘ ! and L3) K. a W . ..I) 1! Km in know: u a function “M330. (L0), than}: and xmybe deter-11nd rm h2) and M). For oomoniant "nation, ulna of It, won. plotted "may, .3130 and a}? at 0°C. (of. Figure XI). 1am e ‘ - 701m fatalities, at 0°C., at so", 830" and B. van dent-ad, no}; weight {mu m nultipliod by thc ratio, ( 33.3333. ) , (L2) . ”3.30. 0°C. It tin 8y“.- contained lithim was. a well a sulfuric laid, a m mum: um. um an 1. «mum; «mm-my tanned (ha) nnd um th- ommum of tho sulfuric «1d apociu m LL) '30: " I'Liflso‘ * 1 ’40) ”mg-‘0‘. . .30. . x and I31) ”H. o .3350‘ 4- x, Inthu instance 1&5) )1 I ”14330.. + "3330‘ 0 23 And ,_ . (In 0 *1) (”1.1350 01:) Lu) K, -£‘(IB'SO‘ . i) Lulu—- . mm; the «mum of 11mm lunat- do” not alter th- corn-spam- onm of} $0 I. (713m 11) , connotations of 80“, 830‘. "Id 5. my / .npmntupn oaaow no nonpousu.d on dog upuuaauwn onv Ho aqupuaoo nadaddooouflv.uowunuanuoaoo .HH..h=wfih npmuuum- aduOH 004. 8.0 oo.m k ,8; oo.m oo.~ 00...” can 'h/‘IOW “"31 k, 1./molo sac. SS 40.0-4- 30.01- 20.0- l I 1 3.35 Figuro x11. Afrhoniua plot for the tin(II)-cerium(IV) reaction: aucond -ordor machaniam. 3;h5 3.55 . 1/Tx 103, °K.' 3.65 3.75 56 bs ssthstsd for psi-uni» constitutions of 1mm:- snlfsts sud sulfuric sold. Similarly, in We said solutions, psrshlcds said issssusdonlssslytomsdg summtmummmmd spsciss srs 39) I! ?.X' 50s 1:0) muse: - “3.303“ 1.7) Ila. O IMO“ .mm‘ .' 1 . Magma), 1“” 2“ " “3:10, ‘ ”3.30, " ’3 and ha) I,- W3- uth-ommumatp «gummuwtmwm wsssnosstpsnhlalsssid,shssnmsmsutrsmotthstn suds,thsmmmusustsbsmmsss1dspss1ussyhsoslcuhtod. ummnmbyrsbmn,v,u,muma_qothmvm, m‘mmm-W, k,rs-13smtm,dMupsx-hsnm m,“ nm-ommuumduwmmwm ”tmuausmhlsnflsduthslvdnmmhbusts asst-stuns. ladsosssvsryssss(sosrsb1ssu,x,nsndshs 51 gwotmmmudnmmurmhvm).ummam tin(msohtiuincmsss,mond-cc-dcrmtssinmmsadrinny inmoldflhdln)soluticnsthsnutioorstcboccnsstintcrdn um(n)aflo(tabhnn. mommmmnmmmutmn. invariants]. musmcbtsimdfor isdc stnuthsotl.96tcs.33. hmhmtbsdspsudsmcftbsntsmtmicaic strcuth,vdnssotksndvidodbyem tordilntssolnticnssr J?“ + 3W) tor ccncsatrstsd suction... 11W tho sooslsrstsd mod-cm rstss m sxpsriuntdl: anon-n34 in fairly mutated solutions, "loss of k/e)... diffuse by tsctcrs 0110 M100. Bomr, vsluss of Vet? Isl-c "lair-1: 00th cm! have so smug. "has of 6.85 1./-cls.soc. Thou nations obeying scald-cedar kin-tics for wmmmm-wmuc hv/c‘fil“ 12.11.] sols.soc. nussctpossiblstcmlstsqcutitstiulytbsntss first-ordnictinsuhtdtbp, W, sulfstscrbisaltstsica www.m(mmmmcmdmuhuu. (an mhmtauammmum(md ammnmuumwum(mm studisdssstunctioncrtmtm. Dstsobtsinsdtcrthsuts -tirst-crdsrintil(n)mldnctbsrslstsdtotbsmninssqsstiou (Mummmuwmchu-sm.” 1:) (know). was,“ A8+ssrsnotodsu1stsdrcrthis '12-» ”hum-hip bot-Isl k sun: is darinbls fas- squstions, pp 5 misting k to tbs activity coefficients of the minus spsoiss us! squstions for activity coefficisnto as presented in Totals 1', nth tbs consideration thst in dihts solutions, tbs slcctrcststis co- ctficisuts, b1 ’3' O. nan XIII mamas a 011011-100 (1' m (n) or 0mm: (19) 1': 7.0101033 7330996170933: a $093.09.?) :31 1720: mm “-..-min. -_ 2{ 30m) Reaction 38(IV) k T ‘ haw Series $7.1. 1118‘ 7.2. 311%: 1.}m1a.m. °c. 1./ncls.ssc. 0-28 3.03:. 2.611 21.0 5 26.0 i 1.5 33 3.011 2.626 25.1 ... 35 3.036 2.651 26.3 Tots). tin I 3.950 x 10 v.1. 36 3.073 2.77 28.1 0.38 3.205 2.9 30.8 10 23.6 3 6.2 39 2.902 2.637 33.8 1.1 3.197 3.077 36.3 1.3 3.219 3.031 36.8 Tots]. m - 3.950 x 1.0-9”. 15 3.037 2.713 25.5 4 1. 1 3.716 2.966 27.6 Total 01. . 1.691 x 10 v.1. 3 3.56 2.255 21.6 5. ‘ 3.7 2.063 25.5 6 3.670 2.109 211.0 7 3.711 8.089 26.5 8 3.681 2.20%. 211.9 9 3.505 1.060 17.5' . b 3 3. 6 2.139 58.3 15 56.3 - h s 3. 26 2.287 6313* 6 3.390 2.336 57.5 mu m - 2.275 1 1047.1. 9 3.259 1.271 51.6 10 3.389 2.333 62.0 11 3.1103 2.350 51.7 12 3.122 1.320 52.0 R 3.065 1.910 16.1' . 3.1168 2.1511 61.0 15 3.137 3.56% 611.9 - 1 3.961 3.0“ 53.3 20 53.3 3 2.0 2 3.132 0.595 E23 3 3.763 3.11.9 6.2 6 3.703 2.703 57.1 tom tin - 1.78 x 10%;. 9 3.658 2.711 51.2 10 3.999 3.076 61.9‘ 11 3.631. 3.1120 55.5 12 3.691 1.275 EMS“ 1s 3.812 1.367 9.6 o- 7 3.11:? 2.210 57 .2 25 62.9 3 10.7 a 1.906 1.015 79.1 9 2.592 52.6 1.309 TM tin . 3.950 x lms‘s 1 t i minded 1m tbs sump as statistics]. basis. 59 350 Red an." 80% an E... mam.“ men.” 684 an «8.0 mug... man... 3%“ an . n86 m «J an." SmJ on ma? 30.0336 1.. m 3.... 8m..." 2h.» 8.2 mm 08.0 cad 2h." 8%“ .3 Ed cam.“ 84.” 3.03 3 2b.". m. m “2.." 68A 5 an.” Eounwmd n 2.. 8." m .« mi.” 08% 3 8:” amp." S“; «a; .m R." 0%.... 8n.» $3.. mm Si Rb.“ Swan «Rd «m 88 m8.“ mmn.” fidn ..m and $0.... mourn pg.“ om $4 80.“ Ru." “and S 3.“ 0mm.“ 8.: 02A 3 SJ oi.“ ad .36.“ S .8.“ 8.83.“ a ma 9...“ 08% Rod 2%.... 3 d.“ o2." emu." «2.4 S 2..” 8.834 ~ 8 and §.« 30.4 Rm.“ cu mm; ad...“ 3“.” Rm.“ 0 on.” new.“ «mad as." M 2..." as." oi." .60..” 8... no: “.54 «$4 a a.“ 3.0.434 n “a «m... 83 . fie." 3...“ .76 Illlcan . . , . . . nun-IF. to: only CHM 00. East COHH a.» (Gnu-Mus Bin. any”: and .mo a tuna crayon Jamaal“ on 95.3 «g i wanna: «mama-g gfimfia .8 558243 F: magnum an. EBBflqfiEBaBE-u 5 55k Wants. Phfluhkmlflmmmm,fis 1. found tcbo 7.59 1:.me Agni-42.9 ominou- m). It,scccrdin¢tcthcnsthodo¢mnm(hh),thsnximmfihsmr wumotmpm6mu2.m,m0mummhu umm~£1m..m:orhoto.t-500m.,momuuwu sstintsd cs 3 0.08 Inca. sad tbs srm in AS" cs 3; 0.11 0.71. Discussion nummwauwrcmumw mamwmdumdm(mbym(m madam unnunmummnummo W, Imam, bimlhtscnd suitstcicucsnssstntions, 2) s umm(m)umm3)smutbmuwd unmmmmummxmmma mwmummm-nmmmmuuomm Mdmaummhmtbnummrmssmpin nmumacmaummumm). amortbscwhdtydthsulmucscidsystsstws ‘moaomnumpamummmm-aum mannmflwfl can-um. sumac-unmann- has'mhdimstbsttbsmtsu,ssslhols,isn1stin1y surfactodbytbssmlss. Perth-ctroctcts-sumistinnin saints 1011 Won (t1- othsr mum“ on surly contact) mossflul'dtbwjtcdcmmoihydmmnicnmodby ssimussinsulhtoisncapsrsscriulnvitbn‘gtorsdccusss 61 iniouio strongthmdhydrogssim cm. miosfdthlpoadtasn m... in 161319 stmnath, 01:61:17.0 1033 and mum ion cm series 1 with In. In «or: 1mm, tho second-order rota amount in satiation: custom uithin sxpsrimtal om. 1'1 hss boon tun-1: an «numbed by manor: snd Bobsrtson (1.5) that «rim (1?), inths said Min and for those Wat's. is mum ss tricultsto cost. (I?) in, c.(so,),'. um thst Mn) ismtussioa-psisorsaplu. 81130.,thsnts (um- uponmtionotsnogstivdychsmodoolpluuthtbsmmx) would bs mam-«.17 :1», «- obssnsd. 3mm, tho W conditionsotiodsstructhstmthsSAoadsmnoscidsoa- osntrstiomtmltkoJ.srssuchthstsclsdopomlososmiodo strength mid bs nudism tor («lotion of tho “tint-d ocqhxby «innocuous-015010001” («.1110- r). Atlanta-1016mm. of tho nhtin invorimo o! tho rotation rots with sham isnio Mommbodrsnd. Fmtionotthssctiutsdoupluwbo "resound by tho sch-nous mum-1m. 119) A'ofi g B! 1. motion-d in tho Mum-«160.1 m mum-16.1 calibrations- tbs mm 50) 13W a (b‘. o buobmn) . and (soc Tobie I? {or :10th of tom)oho:11d romot cbongoo in 7.1» mm with M‘tifl‘flm atmngth.‘ S 1. «01100 tho groom ummwwamwu-ommmmtummmm toinincnaooloouloootaoo-olootrolytowoc.dividodbyo3. tho matationot 05.90.10.111“, - 10"), boom, tho 61.1.6046 mtontotthosmuocidsolotimispmbobiybuhsnduuntmu wrootodbytlnproomoottinun. mummmuo toms (by, bud for 6480.).“ on! tho ootivstod conphx m noun idonticolondbuismysnsu,itis concoivoblo thottboroootion rstomldboindopoMmtotohomoiuioniostm‘m. Album-pm thotnizhtwoduoothssalooflsot'uldbomtionhtbodiolootrio omtantofflxomdimuponsdditionotpmeaioocidoc-nthiu sulfotodxich,byobmu,lsshwincroosoordooroosoinunroootiu «homomoymumummmh. Smcoitmboossmodtbstthmturoottboocim(fi)opooios doosaotohmgoidtbtiso.osoo1mtiooofthosoomd-cdorroto Wbydopoodmscttboutomflnimioou'onzthoftb Iodimmstbobmfiltsbmtbysmintn(mspooiu. Ht“! emuh..thonspioto£[1nk.,-1nk°]wrsus/.»1fiwcinoo iuiiootionottxnoicnorthoclmgoonthoppovoomionistinspooios (rims an). n:- penny. slaps mm 16616100. 1 uptivoly ‘Quphmmmwomnmmmm «tbs-saith. ‘ 53 m” 9 1:7 1:201:1sz 3‘01 1:: ( ) m 91131.! 00173137001199 33117:st Bipolar molecule, 1, in s ”lotion oonmning electrolytoss M0911“? ”$19- {.3541- zit-(59;) ii “*2 '1 )1, adipolo mt D.-diclootricmtontotpmlo1mt V, II loloouhr rodiu '1' oobsoluto Wham é common-.110 173-301th JR‘ 0 oonooutrotioa of ion of clung-31, an rodius, 3". 3 . {Ia-D “a D odiolootrioosaotoototsolutionofoolmond 5.01.601» otncn-olootrclytoporoo. an ion, or “dim, 7", 1nd ohorgo -3A “‘9’“ 959.0“) " 900-91010? o, It now distsoco of cloooot oppmoh of ions. D - dielectric constant of tho "dim. __ """7 to ill—EL}: gloiwxadm'sunbor. 10' 01:31 4:, . I'm-chowsfio contribution )1 . ionic ottoman b 1 . ohotrostotio mum-no tar high «1: muons A ‘1 f.“ __ W ’ 100 80 7'11111l 8‘ l I C) k, 1./molo ooo. 1 I 1 L 2.0 2.5 1 L I I 0.5 1.0 n l 1.5 ()1)% Piguro XIII. Dopondonco—of accoloratod oocond-ordor rotoo upon tho ionic otrongth. . charged spocics _(c£. tab).- 1). 10661691000 W rotoo W to be enhanced by mum ion commutation motoc- thm 1 VJ. (Sorios s, 1', m m6 1, 73) or the cmbimtion of 060mm mum cementu- ticno (0.17 to 1.0 14‘.) and high concentmtim of tin (1“!) (I to 3x (Snleoo Thus two dittsront ion typoo w pmducs tho sans ldnotio offset, 311(30.) .. or $n[ flaw-Odd... Tho prcoonoo of oach of those spooios is probably tho ”suit or oom of the follow aquilibflu 53) 31130, O 30‘. '5')— 33(EJ.‘ 51.) 8630.” . so,“ 7.: 314306): . sud 55> Edmda'oantwa. =2 0606800.)". Thcdcpendomoot 1.1»th “to constantmtboroototthoiom strength is mmmlg non-06:11.30.” W the Wham or diolootrio effects on either com or tho not ortoct prodmod with chum ionic W is comm mgligiblo. The find 12m from ”com-order to first-order mum brought oboutbyogoincoftinsolutimu canoe minimdbypcotuhtinxtho {crutiouoIooonsiddtinUV} apocios. mmmumnump- tion tho motion rota, Such is dependent won tbs stats of tho mfoos ottlncouoid,mddbosmmtionor tinsgootthooolution,ondtho tospu'stm'oorowilibmticn. mooapooitiouorthosclidmbo vorioblo u 3.11 as tho obsrgoo present om tho ourfsoo. Undo! thou W Lhmction of tho for: k at ew( 1 +3 an') would!» oxpootod on tho bosisofth extended that: o: slootrolytos. condition, littlo mutton wold ho oxpootod botIoon tho Mo tint- ordorintinun ondthoomofllontolfldabloo. Thuo, tho following Doom io mutant with tho «mud-order "action mm»; at index-onto “Into ion «mitigation: I kt I so) Sass. c «(30),. :3: Sn «(8%). 4' 230‘ . kc»: " s y o a 5?) Sn ce(so.). . c.(so.), .3.» sum.) ‘ . a 0450.). . If rotation 56) to tho onto dawning otop, ond tho stood: ototo WM to undo for 311 “Man”, than 55’ "‘ 1229;91:1- "‘ tense.) {6430.161 1: -2. {sma(oo‘).“ ] [50“? o» k, [32124503, ][Ce(SO‘)3=] 0* 59) d [Magm‘h 1 . o . h {Snood {oe(so.),‘] 4L: {Sac-(30o)o“l {30:}. ‘ I‘o {M'(3°o)o”) (“($45.1- Roarmfing 5'3“) , 5t 33504] [ 09(30‘)..) M18031 0 modsojf) ond mbotituting tho they. expansion into M) and root-ranging. 50) [Mo(90.).”) . 1 a) ..1 Ca so " . 21,2. (Snood (64503;? ht [50o i: * kn {WV-‘04,: i 'Corio-(m)1n mum-1o “3.6 “lotions and in thi- otndy mm oo tho bioninto ooroto (III) in out! probably to mo oxtont, on tho triraltato ooroto (III) ion. For studios of cation (III) couplomo in ooid ”lotion, on Promon- (M) and molten and mm( (”56 )5 for o otudy of on. mum «1o mutton m Spedding on! Jotto (h ). 67 It to (0480.)?) Whom?" . won 61) raw 62) . QICo‘SO.hj . 2kd3n30.) [Co(SOJ.‘) . Ibo oxporimtaldotodomtoloorlyootoblmmoutmofthomto a: mu... 56). My probohlo m 8:150: + 0430.); o 30:. In otthor mot tho tutor-unto tin opooieo boo boon pootuhood oo o cation to don of tho om ultimo thot k. to lot-go and, oo ouch, on!» tho roto coolant for tho reaction of hidflyrooouvo, oppooitol: ohupd oyodo‘o. Patnlotion of tin (III) 1too1£ on on intorndioto(1.o. oases, oo W to tho on»: campus mu m or nywtmth(nn)dooomtpdthootmodut(oooooot1on floors-tied ond Wool Continuation). m, no upon-1mm mum-.mumwmmuammmm-ummmm- mum othor than no high nativity. m Woo, Sum... or tho was momma oouplox' Imam)” m not dotoot- oblo snowman)», Ibo swam. mm or mu (m) no: an em tho «lotto. madman >7 Lacdsoafnoof) u a» mug tootod (oo mu ho tho oooo u {m(m.).)“ om tonod) or thot halo noon-on thotoztroao'ounpmg' mun noooooorzto mm. on urn-(1m (om, tin (m1) 1- o mo. at man 56). _ ‘ At «Into to. mutation 1 VJ. or knot and ot oodoooto cam. mmnmmomuw tinooluttoao, thopro- muumumuoppuom; odtbnadmoouonottho t1- (:1) wooioopoooont. Mtotoolfotouumtrottmhrwthal v.1. 68 oloolmoltnmordouoodtbtbooxpounofltdrooultomldho, 3: 63) Moog; O co(so.)," z:— 3n(oo.)’ 9 Mom.” 0- zoo.“ 1 k 61;) 311(wo).*°0(3°o)o. -—-.-‘ Sn(30.),+ “(3%): ' auxin-1y , as) :‘Lcaiggdfl. - zmsn7 n. , than 72) «12%;: - manta): (8) .. which cox-room to tho upon-onto]. rooulto. 7131 Worst“ Ithoobooatmdthotthooddottonofttn(mbym(fi)m boooooribodbythroowrorontmtionothotmuruoronltottm proporttoootthowmcnodiu. Thoflrot.ddohooybotonodo Mummuuuw-vum(mmuuum(m), upumwmumummumm mm; mm 1.0 v.:. 13(31):)qu v.!.to1.o autumn-1 mudm(n)muhuumodmmmmm trottonotttn(n),othondoothom1oooood-oodornto1ooot oboorvod. cmammmrmummmmmm ammmmmmmupmudunm)ummm mmnnoo... mmmwmaurmr nummumm. Thhmohrotodrooattonmoin "lotion- odth «Inton- oomontrotiom {m1.ov.£.tol.5h on!" ummam(m «lmonqmnmmnuuuxanmn... nummtmaunm)umwsuhtaiml..munm "W "too on abound in ”lotion Itth oultoto ton conson- man-0.5“.umu. Condition underwehthontou 70 «colandpluthodopondoaoooftbooooohrotodutomtbm otrongthinoioototlonoonncopootooortin(m1oono¢ottvoopodoo, nohuwsogfw (“30.)‘1'. htbomotmouuh day)t1u(n)uhttomoroolnttulthmghmmmoooupuood, manuoaboomnmmhndmuuwmlmmnpa thocorim (I?) commutation. Tho onto wommmth cox-roe htod om: tho man my: (mafia-o, tonic otrongth, oulhto, Wau,1mmam(n)mmnmm). um,un ‘ mmaummmmmmummamuwuw ploooupmymthomhoootooonoddntin(n)opoo1oowooontm oolntinonduthooooondittono. For tho too warm: mood-order reaction tint oocur , tho mumnhummgmtwtboammoruoofim(n)moin thyrooonoodomooooorimun). rmmuomtmnuam 13‘ Mo 13) sum) oCoUV) :2 mu, produoootintntonodioto (mhooth(III),ofln(II)-ooflm (I!) 'oazploxoomottn(m)-coum(nflowlox)tbotmtonp1m Idthonodditiooolm(fl)oooplexioatotonth(mwtthonto ototdohmdmtotmthomroootutouvwdow. mm ldnotio data ootobndnthomomootoalntonodioto, but not ito WV. Ituulohoottntoroot,thon,tootudythoondotioao£t1n(n) byanhuW‘nnwflnnduoflondunUWhy 71 um (III) in «mono mnato ”on. 1: reaction ntoo woo-o olov omgh to be oufly mumblo, identitiootion of tho tin Mk light bo poooiblo. the tin (In-cum- (Iv) am no: ho oltond oufiiciontly 1n moths:- oaid oodiun, ouch u tdfloomocotio on“, that odditmnol intonation oboot the tin intermediato my oloo ho obtoLnod in thio oyoton. 72 LIT £111.. 0mm 1. Wooten, o. mom, I. J. om &M* 8., Thoory o: Rato Procooooo, 1o: Ed. loo fork: “canto-mil Book Coupon}. 1m. 191:1. _ 2. Mod, 3. a. and Won, 3. 3., Tho Phyoiool Chantry or Solution, A. C. 8. Humans“: lo. 95, 2nd Ed. Nov Iorko Reinhold mum Cooperation 1950. 3. w, C. L., fin, A. c. 8. 1: lo. 51, 2nd Ed. loo Ion-kt 801mm Milking Corporotion 19 9. h. tour-m, r. and mu, 3., z. mus-«2m... g, 36 (1911). 5. Dunn-r. a. 3.. J. munch-n. M2429, M (1953). 6. Dioohoo', c. 1., 3,323., boo. 1. c. 4. go 2915'. m. 8.. M..cm. Goo. (snow) 1 56 (1939). o. mom, a. 1., 3mm 1.51 (1937). ‘ 9. Voodoo- km, .1. 1., Potato oo—udootioo 10. Man. I. a. no nos. V. 8.. I. ah». Soc. 1251 (1935). 11. 3mm, (2. 8., J. a. coon. somjé £269 (1951;). 12. 8mm, o. a... m... 11 5265 (1955'). 13. ran-bu, o. 3. and Bol'tIott, 3.15, w” 6 2030 (191k). 11.. aroma. c. 1., 01113, n. 1'. an Mono, 1.. 113.1; 191.6 (1951). 15. Hoyor, z. o. on! m, 11.. 51339... n 1950 (19m. 15. How, A. s. on! m, o. 3., £12., 11 2671 (1955). 17. How. a. I... 1,214.. 11 1501: (1955). 18. o. A. 3 05; Wilton, v. 7., .7. Gun. cm” 11.3.3.3. 2 178). . 39 .. 19. loo-o. A. A... 3. viola. m. 3,6 51:6 (1895). 73 20. Thoreau, 1:. r , mm... o. E. m: nan-sumo, 1!. 0., 2. M1. cm. as 61 (1925). 21. m... 1.. J. cm. Soc. 309 (19%). 22. King E. L. ombu- Yol. II, Ch. 6, od. by P. H. aunt, Rev om imam Publishing Corporation 191.9. 23. Duke. r. 2.“: moon. I. c., a. 13. cm. Boo. 1; 301.5 (1951). 11.. Wtoh, o. a: mum», V. 3., 1213. g. 335 (191.2). 25. m, J... 1315.. 2Q 1781 (1936). 26. mm. a. 1. on! too, I. 3.. runs. Modoy 800.3 899 (1935). 11. nan-nu, a... J. a. chol. Song 33M (1939). as. loyoo, 1. 1. ond hobo, 1.. 2.1.4.. :2 1537 (m7). 2?. Dunno, 9., Motto commotion of. rm». I. on! P.k°h. ‘Q. m. cm. a 735 ( Q 30. mom-n. r. o. and Rothrook, n. 3., Ind. firs. can-.3; 631(19):). 31. new, 1.. 3., mm. mm. 32. am, a. P. m6 m. V. A. And. cm. 3.1, 1233 M9). 33. Home. a. 1.. and m. a. c... J. m. cm. 3:10.321 161 was}. 315. M, 'o no’ “0. ‘m“.. 8W Km of cm Vol. :, 5th Ed. M 1m: :2. Von um emu, In. 1939. 35. Wind. E. 3. and fauna. P... J. 1:. Chm. Soc. 2 1379 (1928). 36. mm, 1. I. on! Byron, a. 4., m. cm. a 1.53 (1951). 37. Promo. 1|. l. and Hun. 0. l.. £13.33 932 (1950). 38. hoot, A. A. on! Pom, l. 0., Moo our! noon-nth. loo Iorko Join v11" on! Soul, In. 1953. 39. Sudan 3. 3., emu-1o Dotoniaotion of. Tmoo of Hotolo, low I o W mum, Inc. 19%. 110. mt}: H. 8., A Bonn W Study of tho Dissociation of Sulfuric 1cm in mm m no 2500.. Ph. D. Dun-mien, Unimity a: coma. (191.9). 7h ‘ 1.1. Rotoronoo 2! auto, I. 11.. Pk. o. Diooortotion, mm» a: cmogo (19%;! summon-y. c. a... on. o. mam-11m, nun-mu o! Cldoogo O) 112. Walloon, E. V... od. hut-notional Critical Tobin, 1 56 flow Iorko 3001‘ Book Gm, Inn. (1926). h). 3313;; 0. E. on! autumn, 8.. 0., from. rm: Boo. 39 592 uh. mom. 4.. 2. m1. cm. 21 332 (1938). 1.5. Wok, r. J. and zoom. 3., 04m. 3. cm. a 818, 828 (1951). 1.5,. m. 1. w. omd um. J. 11., a. 1:. cm. 800. 15 2M9 (1953). 1.7. c. 1. 12 52am rm, 3.. Sunk. x... rm. 9;. 311 (1952). he. Spodding, r. 3. out mu, 3., a. 1.. cm. Sol. 19 351. (1951.). 113.3131: I 75 Dotominotion of Purity o{ (33‘). Gown-‘2. 1.. Solubility to tutor In om mum: of distill“! voter, 0.1885 p. of tho out no oil-plow oolublo. 13. Iron Tho «11:11am. vomiting ma 1, as reduced with 3: mo. and MW'MNMdodtorodmmimproomutdu). Phononthrolinomoddodondtho mmmmumu: W 111th Mn) madam. 3;. Mn) rm - 45-7. 0. Solubility in om hodoimomtityoffiflothonohthoooltuooqlotoh ooln’olo. D. Ignition toot . out mommmnofc.mm.wuu 1 m an... 1mm ot 950%. for 6 ham. on! momma, might boron 191th» 1.03118 goo. 3mm ottor mum c.3233 no.1 unwound - 0.32118. 76 3.2313 In 511113.133 cams (IV) 301311133 3m). {seam (cum) . (04111)) Acidity ammo w 7.x.1103 W91. 1 103 Vofo{ 3*”) m a 0.92.99 0.9515 3.569 Um! for mom» phomc cm. bration our! nation Orin, A mg: L. :- 1.229 1.233 2.011 flood tor faction oodoo, I through 1‘ o $3.70 53.73 2.059 Man-o ooluttoo f 3131.3 3111 srmraomoramm Common co c3113! (IV) 1! 1 mt. 8.30. AI ?\ o 315 up [Go(IV IV) 111mm Ahooobomy v.1 (with con correction) nuao‘ (with «11 con-cotton) 11.939 2.628 2.2% 1.287 31.5.50 2 .1168 1.900 1.065 11.130 9.293 1.520 0.829 3.” 2.138 1.1130 0.6.25 3.1.20 4 1.939 0.760 0.1.22 3.0110 1.71) 0.380 0.163 2.660 1.500 lotoo Tho .111 “than no 0.32 m. 77 11131.3 11111 1132113111111 3‘ 1:311:11 (11) 0011111313 113110 :11 mars: 5111111 '1' N :1 oar”.- p.-...r~-p~—-.~q~.--‘. -..... -. - ..~ .... _ _ 15010 3 maumanymo “L H A 131.7 E .3 v» 2. mm. in: Looioooofimuoflflioo”WWW.WNW/“wunn.”w:H 000.900.3810. ”cocoa-“LLL’OO ......C. W 0.000000050011300000000- Tocuooooounoonnmuoooooro. A .3 mm 000000000000. 0J0! 0m 0 ooco:ooaooooun.0&filu0d&fl.fiw ......13mmw9nNMfl 3M . .10....19‘I-"Q‘rrrrfrrrrfrfr Nfiflmwwwwwfiflunmnumumm mmu m .16 39 . KKKDLKFVROPQBSYUVw “mm-50.1. "ra- mum. a. mm m. H‘ .3 k 1- 1.999 v.1. E310“ ...-n1avxgmm ' . 50761 '0‘. 3.50" . . 1.973 '0‘. 3350‘. 1.001 01.8. n ' [50 ‘1. O V0111!!! ugm‘]. Finlwlm,fiw7 4! 7B :8.» J... an“ . a . .3833 ouu.ima.n«li.~.§§8afl.imm.8 3 .89: 0‘ "a.“ o.- wuu 5.8 a; an a . . . a 04. a... a.“ p O 0 “so: 0 O O 0 fi 0 O o O.- Cdl 000% m 0 on H." O 6% m A O n D ovum—“mm” We an n a fin? «... «J a ...... an...“ on: 11 c.3n We 3 W3 . . . a 0.3 3“ a.“ n... .833 .l- “5.3 0 ad J... 0.0% a.“ ma 2 . . . a 0:... . . . a.“ u .8. ma 3 Wm." 82.3 a 0.9." «W« a." a can .1 fin? mu; 8 $64 . . . an we o.n .— 311 «mm Wm 8 a ... .33qu 8a a“ c 3.1% a a m.“ ... 3.2.5 8n 3 a can .1 «a a 8 m . . . .3 «a «3 8n n n 04.1an a m" .n .. . 33.02 8... p a a... .1 am a mu nun . . 3 a. 8” 8n n u can .1 Rm QS on ”.2 . . a.» u. can 8n a H . . . H 8 a . . a: a. 8» 8n 3 m can ..i an F ma s . . a: .0 “4“ 33 2 u can .1 d2. 3 .3 3 . . . d." «a an 8n 3 a o... .i 8» S on a." . . a: no can can 8 a 388 .85 .55 ...: I» 11 . . J. 61.1.? k A A v A v v A v .805 gmflsaflflmngahgfifi _ Ea... 79 noun-1.11.1101. of T111 1’ ration 5’ rd .1. Sudan-d u: alum: 0(- 0))“: W. 30(0) m Mud 11125-1. mumeulnt-duza’oua (06.111. pm 5 31. mam-am 1121 111131.94 to 100 .1. 30101103 Q .1- stabh no 1mg"- Mm task. 3. Dithiol mama to amt-0x13000131 0.05 ml. 111111101 m mmhwummnumammasu.aa neon. Ithpfioom,tlnlolntm1lahbhtmmmk. Abomulunth-Whm.5fl.otbzfln.m. tnd.mmghnwummw1uu25fi.mwodha 50101.11flkm‘. mmumud,nmmmng,u light (macaw... mmmmmmun,uam1op mammal-0mm: 10:1.11,0,sampo momoouu acid, 2mmmx(m.1n.orawzmmam- thmldroplotsmx. mmummummd m0mmorsou1unmdwmmywu 536m. mmyofactmw‘m,mhdumfl tamuboom. W Result! are mm in 1:51- IX. 7:311 11 wwnommmam [311(11) . 31111)], 11111 1011111113 m 1111 00111111113 fin Volume Diluted W; 511(II)1311(IV) Acidity 0011:1100 to so :1. (01.) (corrected) :.m./1.x10¢ 1.1.1 11*), 202... 1 5 0.365 5.3111; 1.615 B 5 0.765 11.19 1.002 c 5 0.603 11.97 2.139 1 - 5 0.500 0.152 1.586 1(10°c.) 5 0.319 5.072 1.920 I (Mm) S 0.3119 5.072 1.920 x 2 0.170' 6.025 1.072 1. a 0.1111 9.11 9 1.001. 11 1 0.200 10. 1.970 11 2 0.150 5.9111 1. 0 a 0.300 11.05 1. 0 1‘ 2 . 0.271. 10.05 2.510 1 1 0.030 31.61 3.873 n 1 0.165 12.00 2.696 s a 0.0110 1.779 1.111. 1‘ 2 0.1m 3.3115 3.873 11 a 0.1112 7.116 1.1110 7 a 0.121 6.102 1.310 r 1 0.181 17.1135 11.510 11 Papa-0d by dilution at 092.111.1011 P, 9.259 1.316 . 1 ran- an. m mat mm, 0(- 01055 p. saw/250 .1. 1111;111:111 II 0310M KINETIC DATA , 00011510011111 3% asmga ‘ £50 1 3.: I .i *aaanssunaag"°“§ gg g j ai 3nfl2fi3 Eaggggflgfigfiz a ‘.9 00151 -1 nassag§§§§ 3-? 11303110000113 g 28038==a§10 1011: s Mutt-.1 mluvno'c. 1 , .0 111100110111101-v 1 _ f "3fl3'!353133!£l>* E .0 83130303533 g 3gg:w ; 5 3 330=8§§§g -ggg‘1 : f 0 50320 30§ sggagga; g . 3300220303; aggga; 1 i é’ §S§§§§§SS§§3*§35*§§* JIM .656 .811 1.2” .. 1.31115 .533 ,aodflflulfl .260 .357 .Jla iii-nil“. (1 ch.) 5 5” 3 “ma 1.— 3." m3 5 can «an a an." 5 a a 3n 3 a “a an .5 a on“ 8.». 8 i 2. a m... 8n n3 so on a no 8 no Ra Ru 3 2. d. R .5 3 m3 «3.. a 3 3 a mm a 3 1 .. 1 1 1 1 a 3 S M 2 2 mm a mm mm 2 an mm M an an an nu mm o B an on 8 o.— .8 an an mu a an o «A aw cu Mu an «a ..H an a 3 ma 2" m an on ma as .... 80... I... 80 go ...o «H... ...o . m . a . . .uabeuu'ooofou ...-I’ll}; 2 . 5 «3 5 5 .8 a: a 8 2. 2. a a R .3 a 3 2 3 a a B a a mu 3 a 3 ...— 3 an - 8 § .9 .‘.t 1' A “1 m0 i Wan-h” mount-aw. gm 0M6 ...” Alum 333333333333 ””"1R“§§S§§ nuaussagggg‘ "21:31:33333 4dfllmfilfiufi 33333333§5§ .36! 1.191 1.151 1.116 1.119 1.165 » “11313111135511 ' 333213333§a§§§83" naasussaaggggggag *- 33332133333553355 5 r ' r. 1. , 2233£3333F*fi“'~”1"*‘”” w 3 naas3338333 £333 1 333323333833333353 “ a a sass=*§a3§33533 : # 3 33333¢u§335§3§8 f 13313 333333 Jflrgfih 3n14ut JD 33 .2: unusual-II. (I ah.) L o a “E O o ‘ “p%.aiA$VuI-.. n carnau )nlna.naz=lthcaxtllnn __ «.3... 3 . .. 8‘. ”a. 50 3“! a. a. 00 00 00 00 0. on 00 ... ¢ V on biLQnuno 41 58 %.1a3 files we. .3. G». 5.3 92.. 8”.“ am 3323:. N1! and Ma 8 9 SH 8 cm... 8" 2. 5 n3 8 8m. 3 i. 3 mm mm .2. an. S 3 mm 3 8 8 08. on .3 3 R 8 s 03. fl WM 9.. on a R o2.” on on ma cu pm» 8 R a an a . 3.. 08. on «a on an an can. . emu com. a a: «a... 8n man «an on: . a: 3n «5 man 8a 8.4..“ Mn 5 emu in «S .8 0%.» « ad and on can n. can." an «a mo." 2 an a can.” n8 a... ma own 2 Ra 3 84.“ 2H mo 3 o 8 a? R 8.: am." um am a M 8m 8 8m." and .2 R 9a a mu 0mm.” .3 on nu a“ a 3 as.” 8 on «a 8H «m owe." a «a mum R _ 02.4 mm mom 8....“ an .2. 8nd 2 an [EL-no ...4. «8... 0.8... So... So... db... 95... m8... moo... m8... Bo... Bo... man... 08... 2H8: _ ‘- -,‘_,. .,...-._....-—mumfiww ...-‘0- w- ~w¢.MWQ-Wfimvmflfluw mun-v1.» ...-.7. - t' -v-~..cv* -.-v-w" —- --— ‘- c - V ’ ‘I _u ' | . , L -.. ---k I . 'I magmasaggg g «azsxsaaxggg ; ~aaaanxaaa§g x ; ””91353§§§§ g nannzagaagg g ":uaaaaaggga ; swflsaaaass E azciaa§e§3§3 ; I zaaaanggsg ; - ~aaaaasaangggg§ § anlasasasaaasa§ .930 1.05! amassxssaszsggggg Lo .gazsaaafizaaaagggg Hflfidflfidflfldflfl (A obs. Wmun'l act-puck. WWW-u- -o A“ — -— - W 4' r1 .- 3 . x , . . ‘ -«‘ 1--— '0‘..- .. o-L . . ..~§ I I 5 f I. ! g . r 4 . 1n. ‘ n.-—— -.-gmm.pqm.meng—‘www~m - --M. . v! :aaaaagggggg «a ~aaasasa§§§§gg ; 41 ”naasaaagaggg 3;: 8~23a8§ss§a 333 § 8 32885339353 .3‘ azwagwsaxaggagg g ””9“:233 *§§§§n »§ m==sn=asaagsa ‘ i naaza 293353353 r asaasncutagagg ;+ «23383525525 i naaass=3g§§g§§ r aaanaaasasa 3,» azaassammmm paddy-:HHFINHHH 1m .6581.” (A an.) .53 .938 .fl .951 .m 1.061 1.065 .850 .80h .908 than“. .888. a In... 8.0 Eu.“ an...” n3.” 0%. 80..” m3. So.” 8n.» m3. 25. § § H 3 8 3 R «a _m an an as‘ ou no“ 3. no“ 8 «AH “aaasmsg a aaa3a§§3 S a: 8 X0 34‘ ”fifl88$fi 3 am” «an Ed on ma 2. mm .3 an «N on «A o “=saasagsa§§a .fifiéi §§§%%§§% fifififi .駧%§§§ HNHflHflHHHHfiHHHflv-O fi§§§ E - a 30 .uoo a. no 3- ... .... 8:8 ...-.5 Ina-p.523 88 cam. 92.. So. at. dz. «2.. R». db an». cam. 02.. E. A. 3. 3 . .. .4; . . .. . : Elfin: in 5 . is Ru Sn in a men new a «8 84a 3 3 2H 3» 3d 3d 6d nun man a a: a: Quad a nu.» «ma 5.— mmn mm.” and was «on on." man 8“; man 03 and 5 sun and and hdn 05.. on an m“ Sn 8 a 3 SH and a on." now can 2. 3 gm 2. 2. an 00 En «an in can 5 R . § can; 8 no 8 am am 8 8 2. «5 cm no no 84." em R 2. 2. 8 2. 2. mo .8 _ 3 2. 2. 03...” S 3 mm d. S 3 am 8 “— 3 cm a; an an 3 cm 8 cm 3 3 a. am «M can.” ..M .M s a M. a m m m a m w. an“ an NH ” bu am an a an «a on on fl 8h.» ma 3 an an mu nu an an as 3 . 5 as." a on m." on on 5 an on an 3!" a." w 0." Stud fl «5.3... 80-- go- go- 080- §o I go- ”80.9 do- go- Jo¢ H834 go- .. J . 1 {1" L AID] P h . ..w a.; ” .ooouuau-ouhom Faun-2.863.809 30..” mmnou n5!" macs 3.4..." in..." to.“ I‘\ Sigili!" l: .ooovduununn'g (gluing iii?! i031.- n2. .3. an; «5:. ..Sa 3 I: 8...... mud and oma. «fl 3 com. R R 8m. 2. 8 V 08. 3 m» 8o. 94. am 02.. on 3». 2" 3a.." man pun 5a oan «On an." a: nun 844 on“ a no“ d3 5 o3." an on." an ham 0mm and and an 8m!” flu 3.— %~ man «3 3a mod 4: can 9mm; d as g 3 con mu» 5." an." a a SoJ 8 2. «an and 3 nan can 2. mu 0.3.x n» .6 mad and m» nu on me an §.u a. N a t 3 m. 3 a 2 and. 3 . 8 a. s a a 3 can on on 3 an an 3 an am can u M. M. M. w. v .. M. ...... . a . .. mm... _ Moo; 8.0 m8: goo 8.0 §.¢ 80.4 8.0 «8... 8.0 g... a: L WP A u u ' A q. . -. . I Wan-unfit mucao‘h. 3W7 9,003 O.”5 9.” 6.003 0.00 b.“ . b 0.”) .L" [s 6.“ am) a” 0.” ~00) 0.00 .uan an: 6E3 / ”asasagaggg “3852325355555 R§8§ggfi °=aawkc=2335§6 .aaaassaagg5g 55 assassaaggg55 325335253555 ana332a555§ “9“?“3”§§3§S§ °3aa2aaaaa§ “zansaaaggg ”aaasmsaaagggg aaasaaza5555 Hfldfidflfidflflfld 04H 3 gr §§§§%%§§§%§§ $35 .69 .m .666 .602 .603 .6" 1.006 .m .m “dud .m .571 .763 1.118 'mnm. E -§ aaaignsg 55.; E -§ 332 smsaag 553 i 6%. : naassss g g' -3. 2 352535555 3‘ 3 E .5 id 55385555 a .3 if! ' mamas; 5g“ 5 E r “mam 56 I 3 8 '- dmaass a I g anasanxggg 5 g g E g saunas: 235555 ; E ”g nazzsaus§§5§55 5 5? 2mm 55m; 3, g .azazggflmvsgggggmm 3 *1 (uh-J ahn.«m~ms.axm‘vz.utm)u6u AL- j ”this“. 252252: 5 5 g naamnaagg 5 35:23::55 5 5 aaasasngg 5 g 5 ”“ “figfifl 3 E 5 a againngggg nxaaashagg 5 55 a “3“333333355§§ 332333335 3 5 5 ;* . as «38 asasssasa u 9.3%.:qu 5 g g =- 3 anzaaasaga 5 5 5 0.“ 5.5mm: as 555 .113 .216 .122 .197 .29 .116 .223..th .360 JR, .187 .165 (1 oh.) than“. W: arm an”. Sou-1o. s a 0°C. - *- ~1Mvmmw M4- >~ ‘~.~»a~w¢.. a..-“ ~wu-Muwmmmlr’1—mvuu-‘Mw 3 833325352535 5 wasswasassaé 5 fissaaasagsa fi“ asaggg % aaBa=3§a§§ 3 wkataasaaa g-§i asamsaaaassan ? 3 ? - ”*9”*§§§§38 _ 9333§§§§i wasanaggg . 9”““¢‘§§§5€§ “G=&§§35§§ 0000000000 “353§3§3§§£§ : .fiififififififififififi3fi k M I.— .m auszauznaéstémammmum (A an.) 0 I; 11.. a“. 93 | . '- . s :1 2 fl- . 1 .“x' ..- .,._ ...... ' \ ,1 Ww’flnfl ms,s*,o‘,o¢m'z I 2‘”. -m 0.011 -.(D1 o.“ 0.00] .016 - .Am -.afl Mun) 04 *4 uxxsazgaa§§§s§§§a a :3“ ansamasassagg g g 5 g anzaseag 3 5 g ; asaasagg g g 5 a ssaaagaas g z E is 5 zaqssasa&§gg§g 5L,5 1 aafiumafiigggga g 3 H amasuggg 3 sananasnwa 5 5 59323532335, :5 y 3 ‘ fir! 8: ' fleaaasaa 5 i naa§§s§a a 3 .2§%§§§%§%§§§‘€%€§E§fl 3 ‘h :‘awag535 :nasaaaggg susnmaga 99‘33 §§5§§ aaaaagagggg easemsgagg§a§ =axa==§ssa ES L I W m a I an. I as If at 0'6. ; - ---. ._.._.- .m. g... __ . .. ' ;Ll_'.;.; ‘ . ' t’ V! ' '1. 3 ' : 3a332335§2 fl 3533"§§§3§S§§8 , .§§%§§i§§§§§§§§fl3fi.§ NHHNHHJflHH 91 .316 .112 .190 1.056 .770 .5” .39- .128 Jun .316 .2“ M a“. (A an.) WWW”: mv,r‘nuz~:uo’c. aansaazggggggg g: aazaazagg 33§B§fi§§ a aggg g 3 §§§§ “R3355: ””333§E§i§§ 33“*§§§§§3§ «unmamswsa . than“. (A~J_.m .067 .59! .m .m .135 .330 .5113 .b'! All .320 4. -4" ~— w— tam-u"..— wwwm-_n_~. “a“, Amymm’n mama‘ao‘c. ‘3’ * aw=&39§ asaaaa = =sawswa agazaasa nansszaaggg mmmaasm insasagaasssa§a ansa$=a§53255§sn ua=«38%§sas§aaa sansuanaaagggg wasusaa§sasssasg asasasnsggggga§ a aanzamaaana§g5§§§ si=a=taasssaaa ”35‘fi”39§§§§§a u;g§§§ggazaaaa§§aaaaaaa 1 161.397.)” .39 Q to 410.295.91.30391m363l.” (A who.) ML ;~.uhummuamnc1fi.cc(m “than“. Wumm‘.§mmw Sud-ulna! ““ 3”“ a 3 3§33§3 °snaaa a 3 3§53§§ ““3“ 3 3 aaagfia «as 2253 a: =3a§ swans 3: kg §§§§ a 2:33: a a: 5335 :3 flflfiiék 2 fiafigg g 193 :3 0.00 2:523 asaaaagggaa §3XE!R 8 £555 819'! 3 1X 8 saga a was s a n ggggg NHHHNfidHHHHHHHflH .763 1.381 1.161 .715 .6” .6“ .719 .500 Jm An '59 x» (A can.) ”than“. 98 W nmm‘” ”no. W ' \ ”u. ‘1 mtfim' .‘l .‘ .M rpm AL. 3- t :13" .al —‘11; «000 t 0.00 .gl my w T . Masamsmaaagfié‘EJ ‘ magsaama‘fisfi‘aéfisfi a opnxaa3833§§§§ ”naaa23328§355§§ ....gasaaasaaasssafi mmaaasaauaaa§§§§ “ m aaaasaanKE 3§S Eagssssmm 9 gm 0'. Q a ‘ .678 '33: .616 3 (A an.) 1 H 4 irk- 1- M' 9" a a a s a z a a n g ssgaaagagi , a a a a s gmsu§ 5' ” g . a :9. a a 3 2329853333 E :: :3 a n 2 a: :93SSS3SS“ i a a a a 2: saaama § aaasaasmags ,3 »‘ .2 a 2 a n *5 sassa a i ; (f : a a “masaxgasmfifiaa , .0 ~ 2 assuagg g' aaahzaflflé a R i a §§E3 gggggggggggzaxaaazsa mm§5fi§ g 100 101 at.“ 12 28 38 85 $3 65 72 a * .JM Qan 7 i: 25 30 31 56 58 It .221 i °~ ”“fi 0M 5 Q g 8 Aa¢h8i§a§§5§? a l '1» . ‘ ....---- “*‘A ‘ ‘c j I‘. o.“ _ A a a a a smepaaa§3§59¥ 5 a a a a a38§3§§§ESB a a: a 2: :2. asasassga 3 X if ... .. I.....Z a.” w “a m a: a Sfifififlfifiiflifififi E : a a 2 3¢¢§ ifiSSSIE? fi ‘7'. 0.“ wma‘umW' hi“ 0 *3: a a :9 £623 §5§85 fit .ggsssssasagaaaaaam 3 1’ . 7r- a“ 9.06 a—u—n—b‘fl- u-nJ 102 non. 0"". 0a.. 8". a. “a. “a. BM. “4.". In! on. to. at; NV 233 .1 n u. 33.83 .36.. 838 .3 .— ag 3 Be. Rm. 5c. 2..» Ma 3 2. 2. 8»: 8n 3.. an m3 5 a 2 G a 8 84. 5 a: nd nun n: 8a 3a «3 a 02. «S a R 8a «a a? d: am 2 am mm mm 8m. 3 .3 a 8 man 8." 0mm. 2. m. n. 2. 2. 8 8 S a. 3 S 5 So. 3 a. 5 8 fl. cm». 8 fl mm mm B 3 Mm mm am an 2 .n ”MM” 3. R 2 3 S d am 3 5 an an «n 8m. 3 ma 3 mm mm mm 3 3 on 8 . 98. an «n ma an an mm am So.” an an; 5 5 mu 3 mn mu 8 «a an an ooflm an own.“ as «w an «N 3 .9 3 8n.” n." ma 3 emu.” an 3 mu 5 ma 3 2 8n." .5 «a «a an an «a 9 an 34...“ m 8 a a a o 8m." m m o u as; o .. o bmwfi 3.. M .+ 8o: ”m8: 80.. So: 80.. 80.. Bo... Ba... .80.. 08.. 8o: 23.3. 1 p :2 ..L_ F... _ ...»? fifi anoint» .gggitlau 332.»; l l | ll III | all! || || II|l||l III l II | | | lll || l l I 046 8593 ll” \lHllllUllHll