l I k: I I ' 107 621 AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE COEFFICIENT OF HEAD LOSS DUE TO FRICTION THROUGH SMALL DlAMETER PIPE FITTINGS Thesis for the Degrge of B. S. j. C. Erkfitz ‘ ‘ C. F; Clark ‘ I935” - hfi'fi" O,» H. 1~~' .w 5 fl I, 0 ~ Ir a. O burfllxc ; r/d. 9L an. p. J'H’: An.EXperimental Study of the Coefficient of Head Loss Due to Friction Through Small Diameter Fipd Fittings A Thesis Submitted to The Faculty of MICHIGAN STATE COLLEGE of AGRICULSULJ AT} AliLILE SCIBBCQ By N‘j fJ-l I" .- a." \ ‘5) ..: \ \ on. o.» “ 0’ *‘I‘ ‘ Y 1‘ [‘7 “ 1/ Jo (do 4. IEEI-EJ be .1“. CLLJLL. Canéifiates for the Degree of Bachelor of Science June 1955 'I Hemfi ""Th‘fr' :11" "W? 32‘7”] We wish to acknowledge at this time and to thank all the members of the Civil Engin- eering Department for aid and critism during the past term of experimentation. 'fie also wish to thank the Department for the loan of all equipment, materials and for the use of the Hydraulic Laboratory. I 1113;: C BISCUSSICH ————————————————————————————————— IECJ I31 0 '3 G1. L: I I I S --------------------------------- 1" .5; 533 COLU’U TA CE“ IQZTS - -------------------------------- 1' .5; GI) urn». o _r'.-on';‘m::t n L‘X-L‘ni (,- AKJQU‘JJ.“ —————————————————————————————— IIiG‘h We chose "The Study of the Coefficient of head loss Lue to Friction in Small Diameter Iipe Fittings" as our thesis because we were unable to find any ex- perimental data on this subject. The object of our work was to obtain coefficients of reasonable enough accuracy for use in finding the head loss through any pipe system. The essential apparatus used in this experiment are as follows; Fittings to be tested 2", 1", fl”, %" Diameters Mercury'hanometer St0p Watch Ilatform Scale water Container In testing these fittings we connected four fit-' tings of similar type and size in a series, as showns in the accompanying photograph(a). This yicture also shows how the manometer was connected to measure the difference in water pressure between the point at which the water entered the fittings and the point at which it left. Lefore any readings were taken on the manometer he made sure that all the air was 0-71". of the line, connecting hose, and manometer. The cis- charge was measured by timing a certain quantity of D) of fIOW. The water emptied into a metal tank that rested upon the platform scale. This apparatus is shown in photograph (B). Our device for timing can also he seen. It was secured to the frame of the scale and consisted of two pieces of wood in a scissor-like arrangement. The balance arm of the scale would, upon rising, push up the lower piece causing the stop watch to start or step. A definite quantity of water was allowed to run into the tank and the time it took to discharge this amount was measured With the stop Watch. This procedure was followed using different inelocities of water, ranging from the lowest measureable velocity to the highest, for each type and size of’fdstting. Three readings of time and head loss were taken.:for each.velccitv and the average of these was used 1y; computing the coefficient of head loss. Photograph ”A” PhotOgraph “B” risenALGE VELOCITY 1n H0. 0. COuEEIclLJ: OE HE E 1>0 T ”S 4 CL for “V11, ‘. I" D 41-4‘. I 11“. :U 1-4"; TICLS {n ”1:4 "11 4-40 ‘UE G3T CF WATER - lbs. 62.5 x This -secs 80 O 62.5 x L 1u7.5 ISCPAEGE - Cobjgs ores: .0565 5.13 F to CA. N4! 0 (Q FPO) O I H 01 m DLTS :3 V‘f‘ {)1 ,7 ... ‘JtJ\l-L K/4151 "73518" T./ssc. TY 0F IUV \ J‘s Ilr-lILJL*‘ 082 X FEAR L VN/ZO" X libulljgi; 0.111;: h £13551: $4.5; 1.05 033 - W3 L IL-J‘L — Sq. ft. CunY .— l to e+PI“Y or I‘ll; A T ER 1'05 T35? or wars; 11.3} X 1.05 0231 F352? 01f ‘5‘“,er as or uh3u; llllnas «:1 N i [\‘3 09 "‘- ‘. ( [(‘1 v r O LEA} LL35 Id £11,113 LT‘ 7!“ ‘J ‘a .' ‘1 LV'\ .. 2" mm .s -- -------------------------------- .7' a 2" mummy: LESS ——--- ------------------------- .100 2" FLATIGLS - --------------------- 2" GLOJEE V1'31‘v733 ---------------------- -—--—- --.UL; l" CLUI LILGS __________________________________ . ca; 1" c;;'Ic;_;':3 ———————————— ——-~- ~——-~ ~- 1" LLLU. '3 ---—--——~ —A~—~~~ -~- 1” :ZT;.,—;l " .m “3 ------~—~—----~—- —-—- ~ ——————— ”Lu 1" 90 £4sz53 ----------------- -—— ~ —————————— 1,: L :2 " 51’1" 1.1113733 ------------------------------------- 1, 5/1 {37 51-" Lime-ITS -------------------------------- “3.413 {3" 31130.75 ------------------------------- .787 :" SL_J_I(}}'T 2.791155 —————————————————————————————— ---~-./.‘=.-L'd i" 90 TIL-33 ------------------------ -- ~_.. _.;.;;¢ 7 " 3‘11“};1333 " ------------------------------- .;;;(_i., 3 " UIILD 5 ———————————————————————————————— .31.; 7" 3333”») ------------------------------- “.17 7 'v 31.3“» 131'; L3“ 7'3 ----------------------------- .338 r1 ‘ S ———————————————————————— ..._.._..__ .L) 4’7 .2 n 9n 4);; Wgt. Wager 800 800 800 Aver. 800 800 800 Aver o 800 800 800 Aver. 800 800 800 Aver. Time in Sec. 142.1 140.8 140.7 141.2 119.2 115.3 115.0 116.5 76.6 76.2 74.5 75.0 65.3 64.2 649.9 64.8 ._'Y N Head Loss 111.11 g. .43 .43 .44 C a: . 1....) o (n (C) '2; 6(6) 0 CU; 1.125 33 head Loss ft.H20 .147 .455 .630 Vel. in ft/sec. 7.85 9.07 .269 0:396 .947 1.285 ifiinal Average Loss per Fitting 0.19.3. .0906 .110 .1705 .1980 Coef. per Fitt. .136 .126 .1205 . I I I I . . . _ I I I _ . . . _ . . I I . . . . . . . I . I I . I I . . . . . I . . . . I . I . . . _ 9L+WI| . _ . _ I .ul_.?vL11TV1I -T+IT9 t?! 11914. . . . .. .. . I . . . . . . . 91 1.. _1 *1 Ftto 91?I%1?I fill. 1rI 1191.?- 91 14b 1-1fi-T.T« -11 L 4.- T . 11.111.149.64 . . _ . . _ TIT-w! - . ”I, 1“. J19. ._ 1 A _ . . . .. . . . _ . . _ . - .- . 1.1.11.1.1 1...-..- .- . . . _ a . . 01291 r 169110.117 . . . . a . . F . . . . _ 9111...?! 1?. 4101191141rr1 . 1.114 . . . )4! 1+1?- _ 7011?- 41 11:41-11. 19.11.11.715 .--.L|1-_1 .. Tr! 1- .. . , . . . . _- 1 .11 1”. r I? o 1H1. 9119 61.11.916.114 L19! Trlw! 911Tr| 1_.9! . 1-1911 . . 11.11419“... 9... .1 . . .T..--L-I.-..-, -.. 11.11-11 .- 1.1.1 141-11 . _ _ . _ . . . . - 11.....-- . -LLI.1_.T. F. -1 . . . . 1.1-1.11... 71.-.! .1. .. . 13111 . -14” .1- .11-. -1. .-.r1.n....... - 1.11-111.- . . . -.. . . 71.1.1 ..1..-.1..1- Hr...“ - - . . . . 1.11.1.3.-. !+I-o 11411111.?an YII- jot-O T-9!rl-4.l. KTTT #1.! 41.91.19.- .. 11.14:. .. o .. ,- . 1.1 . .-.1 _.f1.- -0 1.1 !T 11.. -... 4 -1Ll!,?-OI.Y . Iv 9! .- . $10- I1+Iu I11? T4 ”1' -n!.1! 19-91419-o1..-“ 9!! 4 11919. .1 9-. . . -r-.!9.1.hI-o.-.1w!.fow-. 1+1..1-..!.9.!.fi119l. 1| -. - 11.1-9- o. L IIIII 11.-.}-.. ....; Arr-r. Tr r.-. i-...L-.-1.F.-. 1.7.-. .-.r..1-.- . . ... .. . . . .1. .. _ . . _ . 2-.-. .1?- . . . . . .. -1-.- .1 -71.: t..- r0111 ’1‘! _ 91911-0 $14. . v1.1 O -Iru- r .t . . . 1141 o ..... 19 v 91..- .I-9-. .. .11 o 9!..I9 9. .. . . I . . .. I.l? ”- 9 . 9 . . . - . ...-v1. . . . . . . . . . .. _ -.. . . - . . . _ . . . . . . 9-.. 777111.111 .9141. o o A! . .- 9..¢.....4- _ . ..h _ . _ _ 99.0-9 9 . 9 . 71..) 2" UlilCI’iS 1731:. Time Head Heac'x Vel. V?“ C.F.S. Coef. Water in 1-088 Loss in ‘ g per Sec. 11:1ng. ft.h20 ft/SCC. Fit-to 800 250.0 0.22 800 246.0 0.24 800 243.2 0.25 Aver. 247.1 0.24 0.249 2.38 .1876 .0518 .358 800 . 84.5 0.51 800 89.1 0.46 800 98.1 0.58 Aver. 90.5 0.45 0.474 5.98 .5570 .l5"‘5 .215 800 67.2 0.82 800 69.2 0.75 800 72.0 0.70 Aver. 69.5 0.76 0.788 8.46 1.1100 .1845 .177 800 55.0 1.17 Aver. 55 .3 1023 10290 11000 108401) .2400 .173 800 4.4.1 1-78 800 4.4.2 1-78 AvCr. 44.6 1.74 1.825 15020 2.7100 .2875 0168 Final Average Loss per Fitting .214 c 5w. . ....... ‘ . , - . . , . . - .bv-;.IT.1Iv9TJI,. - . T , fl - . 11-9!le w.|.!.1|fdol..|- 1|.ITITI. . . . bpl -hn .f' c- . T‘IIVL . A . . . . CW 4“. I- If . _ _ . . . . . . w . -r 1T7 »4l IIITTrI I; "I '9‘?.9u'r..~- . ‘ A . H .‘rlrrvlfl‘hlv' o'rr‘lav‘i 7!? t‘! V’oalr‘hl3l T I... 9 .ol 1’ n'l’rlofu _v'Q ‘ QyITTol'fiilTrll *I «I Iroltolvl otlo ol 1 IT+IY+7 . _ . . . Io'l.l0. v o 9| .. ‘o'IVIAYTtno’OV'oJ . H! . . I, ..r VI OI a. y p . 9:0- OAIVr-I.I'In'v OIOI’I . . h?! 0' 9 . ‘ . l In].-4v‘ ull"? o’ IT‘!<|YI 01' I )’ Olmor o. o 4 o. . . .Ivl..t' V - 1| 0 oxolIv'.‘ -V 'II'IO'. -ItOrl» 6»: PI .flpl In. .ll1 oi VI. .0 '. ‘0 16 . 9.. . . . -‘fvtlo-ol. Y - 0 o «o o .13 0| . 7 9| #11‘9 . ......... ........ ....... ng Wager 800 800 800 Aver. 800 800 800 Aver. 800 800 800 Aver. 800 800 800 Aver. 800 800 600 Aver. 800 800 800 Aver; T1me 1n Sec. 547.6 551.2 541.6 546.8 199.6 197.7 195.6 197.0 155.4 150.0 161.5 155.57 102.6 101.2 105.5 102.45 91.6 95.6 97.8 94.56 79.1 74.3 75-2 75.2 Ifinal Average Loss per Fitting Head Loss in.H g. .15 .14 .16 .15 o C x‘ CD (*1 1.40 1.75 1.67 1.51 1.64 2.54 2.56 2.52 2.48 {r ‘ . \ k4 's--4 2" 313035 Head Loss 2615.1120 .157 .402 .657 1.475 1.75 2.60 Vel. in ft/sec. 1.69 2.98 5.77 5.75 7.70 .158 .511 .597 .919 .0569 .065 .0625 .125 .156 COCfo per Fitt. .810 .728 .724 .722 .721 .711 .756 “0-4 0-. 60100 0000006000. 0006. 0000-60014 .4040] I 0 0 .060“ 00010 4.06 6.4-6. .Ufiql -E 6 -_ - 00 L L. - EL: 5 50.40 .90. . 04405.04 '0. .00400 0-0 000 -0 004.046 . .I .1 - .. 0.0L 0 .50. 0050*5 0 0.00.06 6 I566. ILL 61 .05 _ . . 5 000 '00....I40.+060. .0..004.J.0 L0. .06 .10-. .05 L . 400. 000040. . . 6I050100l'll. I6 . . 1Ll5 A LIT-4. L Ll... _ 00.000000I! . 00.0604 . , .6 . , _ . 0070ro5 15L 5 5 0450-5 60040000090 4.1-0 Lil 1 -0- 000+IT.H0.I5 VLJ z-.. . . -. 5:- 00. . 5I0000. 4.0» - w. 0+ .00. 0. ““000* . v . -4 4 0 00.0.0. 5 o o 000 .. ... - 0M I5 Jli 04 . . .0 0 .. . 0 .0..0.00o-0...h 0 -60g04 .4 .0- .0400 o 0 -0 . 5 . - . 04.500L0h0+05u00.000 000. ..-0. 00 00. 9| I05606.| _40r-6.0I4| 0+60 005L0b-00000 . 00.00.00.00L 04— 040050.00. 0L u _ . 05,- I400.»- +0-14- 5 -. 5 5060 «05 06.0.0 :06 0 I . .0 5i .0w005.00 00 IOI-Ih05- .00 .r000 004 . , 4 0005 . . . 6 . . 4 0 . .0 :00 o '00- 6 05- 00000. .50 0. 50+ 0000. 00 #000. 0 6.0L .004000L0-6 05 6000005000 .00-10000 +040i._ I .0000- . . . . . . 00 - -o ,.-50..0L . .- .o- J .0 0-07 0040..-.L06II0- .4-0000000....-0060..00.0 00-04 -_7 0.0.0- . 0-500. 0000 0-06 .I. 0 4 . . L0L01050 u.- - Li. L.- 0.0. .0H05...II00.00_0001 0T0. .4 -0L0. 050500.00. 00* .5I 07050.. 00 00000 . .. .0. 06.009 0.00 000 . . . . . 000000 .7 o .. -. . I - . 0.0 00.00- 0. 6.-..05. . .IribllTML0 .0m-0_O . IL 0.00-J 0-I_.-L0-o-05.00ILI.. 0 . . 4 LI 4 L 0 I4-000L..L..40- _ .06 01.005 .40u0.00 5 O .005. 0 000. I- 5.- Ifl 0-I.00.0’500-5 0. . . II 00.6060040600000 . . .500 5 505- ...?I 000 a .-0 ..-06 ._I0 . {0-00 - . 000.0004. .00 6 . _ ..o- .- . .05 0. L0.» 40. .0 ..I 000 O .5. n . 5 o .0 .w-A - 6.0050 1+0-oII.10-A.0+ 00.060... . L .17... .0. ... ...... 0405-...00 .. _ . 5-05 0’0 . 5 . 00 L0 .0000. I -. .5... o ..I 50 05013. 06 5. .6009- 00 . .0 . _ -o .5 0 L 4 o b n . 0| . 4 . , L . -. .. O Wgt. Water 800 800 800 Aver. 800 800 800 Aver. 800 800 800 Aver. 800 800 800 Aver. 800 800 800 Aver. Time in Sec. 178.5 185.2 198.7 187.5 118.9 96.2 96.2 103.8 88.0 94.2 94.4 92.2 75.2 75.0 73.8 74.86 61.8 61.2 Final Average Loss per Fitting ‘ 00 ""7? E D“. Head LOSS in4llg. .8a .86 1.27 1.28 '70 lot/L; 1.29 l. 60 2.00 2.10 1.90 T3440) ‘ Vel. in ft/sec. 3.15 5.66 6.37 7.85 9.57 2 V 0.3.3. :20. o .497 .125 .63 .139 .957 .1715 1.425 .209 Coef. per Pitt. 0 (‘7 01 (>1 (5‘0 1 . . 1 . : . . IOIIPI‘I YITtl 1*! T IQI ‘IQIIVI _ .YIOIQII, TIPIJI 9I %.I 4 . 11:1? III. III VIIIY. 9.101 I O Q 9 9| 9 _ Y r . ZIvIwInIII. I.11.:.1|1I91914.I9I1I p... _.. 9 .. ,9|+I1. .19 1.1.I I.9. .9I9. 19+p19 9 .911 9 I I .1 0, I.1|.u1 IITIIIIQI .r' I119!1.9..1l . . ... 1 9 _ _ “l ’IO! .QI.9I .1 9|.Q: To . . .. 9 ‘1 .YIhI II. Q 9| OI, . 0 . . o 9 4.....1I III - . . - II..-IIQ .1 IYIIII IIIII 4119 . . _ . . . . . . . V1.91 II“ .-.911,91I9 IW1+I9I 4.19.!9I9. 9I .9IQIII1 .1. . 9. . . _9I19I 114...|+I9I411_9I+I..9 ..I:9I.9.I+IA.I *1 711. .I 9: 9. 9 .-9I.I9.. r193 r1w1:-I TIT . FI1T+I9111+ .T I]I:r1\9..I¢IO.I 91.. 9Io 9.I9 +9 I . 1?? IY.9I9 9. . .1.|II.91119I .1. r NI. vIIIIvII. IOIIT I11 9I4II. ,OIII'IP 11 «IHII .. I9.I . “#:191-1|41+II ~...111.9I..9. rIqIIIwIIfl . “I . I9 . . . . «5.17.114 T:..TfiIHH+.1I..1_9: ..1:rI...:T-: 911 9193.991. 1.. w 4 p: III.I: . -TITFI. .p. 911...... IIMIII ”I w- 7.11 ,911.o| _ To .14I9I 9 _I . T:1HI. .1 9: . 11 “I91..I419I.9: 0.1!w- : .911-.- . 91.1.??? 11:9I 1.9.1.1. 1191*. 4.11 -9-...|_9: . .01I'101.’ ro.r. IrIIO. . . . *1 .9I.01 CIIrI. r 1.1 OIIJIW TOO-I 9- 91»--_91_9.I.r 9.4.1.1791. r 4.14.1...1. $1.1! VIJIIOI' -r: .rlaIIr: +1111» .9 . .1 jfi-’ 9-. I -g. ¢ 9.IOI+I IJI v—v9- * 0"? 9 v—o . 9 .I _ . __ . . . .I__ . .-. 9 . . . . 1 o... . . . _ . . . . . . . _ _ . . _ . , 3.1 _ , . . _ k . . . . _ 11.911010! III: I «I I11 9.. o 9 19 I 91 I . . 4 . . . . . 41 . . I 61 . . .vI I. _ WV!,.I_ TT . . . rIIHITP... IT: 94 ',1|:9.9T1'11..1.~I .T . .MI1I_.|I 1.4! I .1... . .\ IT. '1. . . . . 1" I. .1 .0 I9 I '1... _ .. I9 — _ . . .. LI1+I*.1, I? 9.1. IrIbl 9.0 .III*, .: 9 9.+:1 ”IITH 9 .Y 9 9 . Fl 1.: T+I9II+I 91.14141 .2 . . , . . . . Im!.9::11_ . 91.119-..» 91 1.9 .9. 9 4 1-4-14 . ”IrFIIOI . .. . 1u1 9: o . I _ If..I+IFI.9I_'01 91.1 - .. 9.:VI9I. h'.o.I _..4. olwlnut TI «III—II . . . I . .1I+::9I: .919I1I51 IIIToI: . 1T9. ..91 9110 9:14. .9 _ . . I -PI 9| PIN! . .. 1 _ .1 ...§|!.911_+I0| ”11%|. 9. I4 +149|7191 +1 .IWI..:IOI&I -TIWIH: . .r: I 9:-M1111W..:_9I 91 . H q I9.I 1 I IrLI+I_1:91.:, . I 7111.1. . $1.... +: -.T+1_.. .11. .IITLT. 4.....191141 .. .. 79+: 1 . I411 I 1. .II I.,-.:.-T , - . . . . ., . _ I , _.-. I- . 1... .::...I9 T . .I 9. ..I... II. .1. 1: +:I.9I._91 41-9I.1* . 1.1I - 9 p I I . . 4 . . . M .9 .1I.:141 w 9 . w! 9:19. H wI. I . .H 9 - . .9 9 1 9: ._I 9... 9. .1 IIIflIIIIrlyI. #191919 . _ , . . I I 1.91 411.1 '1 + 19.141 19 .. 1. 1.. I . 1:1 .91 I 9 .1..T...1.|.V.1.Ir I-+I:...9I 9... .I . 1 9. V 9 9 9: . . I ILI. I .11..» !'l TWI I I . 1hI'l-J. AI 1 It 9' .1 I O o ’I 'I 9 . . IT r: +I9I11 . O . IVI'IOII.’I4I.4I I911 III. ILI I4 4| OI O — I I. I. 91. . 9 _ . O ' 0: O O V o o wgt. Wager 800 800 800 Aver. 800 800 800 Aver. 800 800 BOC> .Aver. 80C} 80C: 800 Aver. 800 800 800 Aver. 800 800 800 Aver. Time in SEC. 232.3 2 .2 (>7 01 .‘ (33 "c '.8 C 327.1 231.0 230.0 211.0 224.0 139.4 139.8 137.0 138.73 104.8 107.8 110.0 107.53 73.0 72.8 {36.4 84.2 86.8 Head Loss 1n.lg .16 .17 1C ( ix.) 0 f H I". "' .‘ £3 90 114;...) Head Loss ft.H2U .179 1.595 3.43 2.44 Vel. in ft/sec. 1.80 2.62 :P‘ 2‘3 (T 0 Pp co 6.80 l v 2g .278 .454 1.015 .705 -Einal Average Loss per Fitting “ T1 0 Vol-‘00. .0292 .0572 .0923 .1195 .176 .148 Coef. per Pitt. .894 .891 .870 .868 .855 .860 .873 . _ .‘IIOIIQIOI. II. . . --I.I.I?.¢LI~ILI..I&I- . I6 IAILIoItIIIIIf .IO . III I II LIfiILIIHIX. .3 +!—. + .1 .44. I in; jar. ~ ‘ I .>—~O O L 4 I J I L.“ Lo {.v3—I—L 0-. 4 I‘- J . 4 r6 JIIIIOIIII 9 L.I..:L....II6_II0.ILI lIIIoI‘iIr I. I . .II. $IOII‘4J. I o ~II4IL.IL f II. .IIMIoIIwIkII. + III..‘ ‘15-. .LI‘ I. JII‘IOIIII‘ I. .IIQII OI‘I I 4. . I; ILIJ LI . ‘IJI L .IOHI‘I..LI0. . II’I‘ uoIlolo {.71 4I IIII IIIQIIVII I. III .IIIJI.I0.III I I0 I LIIIIIc I‘..VIO I I I onfilIL$IOIdI§I J IOIL III? I .IIJI- ‘I. .-$OQI LII. ‘IO IOI‘I. .oI.II¢O¢9Io.c “ILIILIPIJO . JIIILI4IOI. .O IiLIILi 4-0L! OI} JIJQI* boti‘ .LL.4.4.. 44 . . 4OIQII¢ILIOIQIL I . . . , LIMJI»II IwI. 44 “XIII I... IvIOIx. oIl‘IIILJ ......... .nIo 6...I I00.» lI I‘ III; .I. $1LIII.II¢I+.L IOI‘I ILLICI-AIIIOIOI Vol IIOLIIWIJ I .Io. II‘IOIcI-hx I IwIOIII IfI‘I LI‘II. I‘I‘I I‘IIQI I'LL OIII. o. 0". ...... o I III AI ‘Io.Ii. ......... .I' I. IL ‘ILI. W gt . 2"" a? e16 800 8CD 8C“) Aver. BCK) 8CXJ SCI) Aver. SCH) 8CK) SCH) Aver. 147.0 144.4 146.6 146.0 102.9 102.1 101.4 102.4 80.0 80.4 80.8 80.4 65.6 65.4 65.5 65.5 11(&) 2" Flgxaas Head V61. V 0.1:. 3. loss in 2 it.k20 ft/sec. Head Mme in.Hg. .106 .191 .187 .188 .1975 4.02 .2510 .57 .40 .45 .57 5.72 .5090 .125 .60 P‘ 009 .58 .59 .620 7.50 .827 .159 .881 .885 .882 .925 8.95 .802 1.2450 Final Average Loss per Fitting Coef. per Fitt. .1965 .1905 .1875 .1856 .1900 :5 o .0. 6 11.. . AOL-cILLIA IILILI§I1 1.4.1 4!- IO. .‘ 41. LinLL I. -fi++¢--LLLJ *1‘.‘I.o L .114 4... .- l1 LL--. "Ll‘ ID '0‘. ‘1 1.- .4! 100. 4.1 o- . L lrlT'IoI‘IU . In VI. 16. -. L .1. . -41’DOILQ-. 6 1"; _ 1+ .L ..I_ L. -L- t . 11.411 1111-1-14 .14 . . . . . . .1... 1.1.1. LII-1.. .- 7. ...L. + L 1...: TT. ..... .14... L L . . . L .. . LI 1-1.111LIL 1.411-? I-LIOI III- 4.ILI..-..-L-.I A_.1.LI L- 19- 4-141.? 1 -. 5. .- .LIL LI-WIL. 4:74-11» 1 . a L L 1- 1.1-. 1.-.. .-.-..-. .1.-- ..f......-.-. - LIL-L ....-L-I- . _.-. 1...... .- --..-- .._ . . . .1011.-th I.I14L. 01.114... I -A..Io..I4 44.01-L.._I1”II1..-.. *1 . o... ”lb-1.. 41.41..» 1. u «I... 1.-..IL.I4 1 L. 1 L 1 . 1 -.I.I.I4I-1+I..-1-TL I. 1.111. ..-1.- LI.- . .11 L --L. 1-1.1-1 L212. LIL- - T4-.. )1... . 1 L- -w- - . . - L._-21.1-. I..- -.L.-. L-..-..-.---.-. .. .. .-..,.L -. ....:--.. .- - :- IL LII-1 «- oJ-.1L1 .11 L .-1. 1 1 . w L . . . ILrILIT-LIL- LI..- . Ll- 1.741» '0' . 1 1.. I0 IJIII. IL 1.4 _ . . . 1-141- +1- III-III I. IO IO: -.I -+-11..1-.- Io . Lo. I .L... .1- 1. .I-.o In _ .L 0 -I1 LIOILI. I. . 4- . i-I-o 1 EVgt. W at C I‘ 800 800 800 Aver. 800 800 800 Aver. 800 800 800 AVE]: 0 600 800 800 Aver. 2" Read Loss in.Hg 1.18 1.26 1.24 l. 2:-(3 6.96 6.84 6.77 6.86 9.45 10.06 10.88 10.15 144 ( .21.) Head Loss ft.H20 1.288 2.418 0 1 0 Ch C". 7.21 10.65 L063 VaLVES Vel. in ft/sec. 1.78 2.51 143 O r a \ O (31 . N (a 0.3. (‘0 U2 0 .‘388 ,0548 .0888 .0988 .11é Coef. per Fitt. 6.47 do :38 w St 0 \Tater I.‘ 800 800 600 Aver. 800 800 800 Aver o 800 800 800 Aver. Time Sec. 97.2 97.5 98.8 97.85 93.0 95.4 95.7 94.03 82.4 84.8 88.0 85.06 Final Average Loss per Fitting 14.57 18.60 17.65 16.20 17.48 15.95 15.10 18.40 6.90 .74 C 79. o 0.1.03.3. .157 00613 LEI Fiiti III. ' u 9 ('46. 1|I0Il1 I - 6 . c | ‘1]06-1 , "l..l1.9 90000.090’I0'01u'9-1'0. 6 <0. . . , I 06 .. 6 . I. .-.0 I .- 4006'009'0w0.09 9006 . _ Iln-Q .mt «0.0-1 -...0fil. WIII IO0-O'lv .109'96‘ ‘ r0«'1 900 0051-60 0.6'0 90'0- . 0.1-4-1.. VI 909 .no 6 .| 9" 4 90 VI'0‘0O'" _ 4 0 9 r 6 9L9 . . 6 9-06.. 906 .1. .1.00 .1 090.0. . 1-0 90 '9 9 .09-900 6 6 9 .06.. 6|.9I.906 I .0 II. 90 ,0 +09 .1'004'6.'u00'p-I 9- 6'. .09 0 6.6 9' 9.0009 9'6 9.9000 10 600 .101 9 . 00 09 9'.09.-0_V 6. .I .0009- . '+ If 91 l».- . 90040" 0. .1L0 000.606 919.01 9 '9-'6|.'6. «'00 9009 0' '09-'91 9| 06'.01 4- 9 .0 +09. 0 .01 .ITIrIIT «- . 9-9- 0+ .6." . ..0 .- . -. _ _ ..m m. 2:056 , , ; 000 ' 9 0" O ‘- 09 0011' 000* 6. 09091.0 I. a - IV.”'.I-.§ .- 9 TC '4_0.P|09'.1...0 9'IQ'HI . . L n u . . . . 4 . . . . . 00.601060 10.090m0-v-19-00 - . 00.1..l. 909- -'.-1 0 -06. Y 0 -9L|460.11_6.. . . .0 .. .-9oo-.609- -?'60.. 9"0909 0.01.4."06 -P'00-I06 10-04-. ..'9 -60.- 600 4 4 r ...'.0 0 60.900 0 4 4 '0'6'T0'9. 60. 4 . '10T9'o. 1 9 .0 .404'60. . . '09..909- 6'06- 01109 0-606 909.0619 0.- 0.. . . . . 0'09. 9 .01-16 4 . T414. 90r .-1 . , _ .-0 '0 00 a 4 9 -‘ 9. .00.? 4- 0 60. 7 9 .0 000. 60- 009- 01 90 6 .¢ 9.'1 '1. '0 ..1. . . . . . _ - I . 091 O .906. 60'. .06. . . . , 4 1w. .0.-. 0-41.70 14061-1609IV'TI 1.0 .10 4 +74- T90 T .TL- +'_90 L0.“ -T. I'M-'9'..-- '41.m1904.v-. _- 04-0 '04 00.0.0- . 90.90" .0 6-6- 9'" _ .9.-6.'.- -91 T'- ” 0Mwo'w1'0H004TH, «0.90.9060 . k 4004H r0 '40.? o . -0 . 90.90.011.101“? 464.01-60.- 741.0? T0009. 9'9 .- .. 0.1.1.-.. - _9'6'Tr'040 9'900MII6'60 0.600 .00'1'w'6.0+l ' T. '00. -. 0 4011.-...0V'T00 0.9-0 .0. 404- 00.919.- ,1 .T .140... 0 T4- 00-'1 .'.".o 0Tw'v0 660-.0 ‘0‘0~i 604., 6 1 1... 40.909- .60ij ”04- 1090- *1 .o'w'0609'cl 00.9- |4| 49'....|_90901L'. 9.0.10 9040-06100L0 6 . .0L'T.9|«1+.-0 60 160906.140 . 971' I 1- 9'9 4 0+| .9000 . _ H -_ u _ .-"90,9|.606- 704' - 0416- «0. .14-,...11-..1110- . "_0 4006'. rh'o' I..1I-_1-r0 .041... .90 J9"? ...0 ..90.9-.90 0- . 1040-1-11 2.0.1.141. 1404- .41 .6'01' ”0.” 20.41-0110 -. 414-764.10.- 0 06000010109. *0 9000,90. '6'! 000001-1 4.- . .06I~0.9- .6'.| _... 404.0.1006'h' 0900,6007 60.1.. . ..'6T 10 41.600|§.' 9-41 ..'|,.'.." ,0'6 9'9 IO O'IP' _ . .09 ..‘09 00401060 .00..»- 9 91.0 .0104'6. .16'” _.9" 01904110 60.9.09 1 4 1 401-.0 q .0 u.|9.00. 1.600P'46 T"_1 L090- .' 7.» 9. 0-0.f' ”L040 _906.- 60104019090061 .16.0-..1>|90'h',0|9 6 — 00 00.9010 0 .'I' _ m 11'TT-WIT10H06' 60'00r' 00.1" 4- 0917609060 ' _0 0 9 9"0F r. -6 4'009l '6016'.0 010401-90 00F- «'0 9- 40.606.00.00 . .,9-o.06+.0.0 .6 'I .9006 «1014.04.04.01 . 1049.-.--909160'1. 1F6r19101 9.4190900 .-'61+901+|6.|+I '6'1 090.9.- .1'9' '9' 0600+ -400 _ .1 T ..|90k0104|0.106'100 L .1-9I0T+0+.'. 9" .00'19'T' 4 .. -T90T00906 .0100' 91900019 6.- 9 91' .9 604'9'06'9-r0' ..1|r0 .0'9' 600 .0 r141 601.1 ”1.019- 7.0." .1'9 +4'fll'r'.'6 . . 4 r090 90.00000 9' 0" 0 ’00 '1' 1'6"... . . .0 0104'...- 1 L -. .0 00 I 91' “0.0.40’ 0'0 0' 09010900060 _O'PI09'40-6400.11 0.6 9.<0_1|60r'90900 .0. 0-0 9014 106 9" I.r.0.""._1001.0"' '0 101F010 1'70-V- T 9'414 .0 01'. ”1060* 9 4 9040.9. 00.-.-.. 4!. 06b 90- 1.0-... .2 0970.0. 1.1000 .0610 90 90 9'90 0 0040-01-09 .9- .1,-4:15.11- 0*.09'? .90 70 f .104'... ' 1 41-1091,-..- '«0401P0'$ 'L'ol'f 060-1000.?! .0040 6-1WI 9- .90-60 0" .I.-T T '0.-,0 .- 09 9.90.9..609 .01160 .11 1060 .06-0 1'90.T0-.Y-00.9.-, 4-0060 . , . _ . . . ..100.. 9 LIT 9.601 .09 ..»01+0.|-9-. 6 90.41.60 9'9 . -9'§I+'0.'I,6'9-9 .9 .10'h'. I 90 0'_V- r110 *"6+'.0' I6 - .- 9"904'010 o 0 'vrrll. 9116 90'11006'9. 09-9 1' 0 T 60 '0T19- 9190 o .0. 0r.-9|19|-.0 . 0'01 .- 1' 0 '.O-|9'O'H"' 00' ‘01'90‘01' 4 . -6'p0 9 00.001'P060 4 6061 O'Ir-f'rIIT9 _ 9. 0"" 0".09'." 90.0000 9.. 1' 9. 91'60I' "'u I.. ,100069011" r60 .10'r'+.l+" 0". I' .0091 ."QI.‘10..I . . . '0' ' L . 0r «'0 0400. 016090 9' '10-'06 '.> 0 L010 9. 1 .0 4090.0" 6' 0100 11' 0'00' 01000-0". .1 '.0 I'HI'6'000'9'01' h- . 66.0909". _9'-. I6 00' 9'09'04'9' 19.09.'1|.. .9-0 Q0090¢0 I "I'090.0.90I9-9 '61.. 909- .0 9 .09 6' 06- '090 1 1 O. O. 9- '- 6.6'9'1'6'909 . '6 106 6..'f090126 . 0 6'1 9 9.0 6 9 6 90906 0 0.04. I’.V.'10. 060000.906 0600 9-0 00 9 Y 9. 9'9 '11 9'9 9 9 60 <01. 6'. '0 'r'.~0‘0690' r0'6"'0900|.09.' 9 .9 .I6 1'." o . , . . . . . , 1 9-0» 9 90 . .0F0 ' .6070 .1- .1 9. .170 .10 6.. '«1IL| V 6 1. | 600 r0090 1 0 .0 .40» 0' 9 6. O . 6, 09' ' 6 .610' .104'011'1. 0'0r."90 . , , 4 I - 4' -06 909' '0 .0019'r'»' 9'90. - 9| 0 0 0 | 600.0. 0 9- '19 .1 '00 6 . 6 _ 9'1 . +. 60'6'6. 9 6 9 9 9 . 9 1600.9'0 6 6 J 10-. 4 . .- 0 I '0. . ' 1 '.0' 0. - . . '| ' .0 0 9' .. . - .90 9 9 V a V .9 6 6 ,6' ?I O. 19 .1 1 L00 . 9 0 9 O a 9+1 41 '1 9 .' 6'0 .90 'T'fl'IT .4 9 . ,61 6. 0 0. .0? P 9. . 9.-0.Y'TI..- 4.0 .00-. '9 9. . 6| 7.60 7'9' 6I Y'v'l. 40. 06-.90'9 . 0T'.0. .1090 .'00' . 4 , . _ 4 I01 . . 9 9 -|6 . 600.9 .9 .l .. 6".90909'I1F001 9.' 609007-10 6 ,91.00 9'6-'.,."5w10_.'. '0-90‘09'_. T . . . .0 ..6-61 0 , 9 9| 9 V 9-? «I 4 1.9.90. 0 010109 .104- 0..9'_'I ’ 6' 0. 900 9- u 09- 9'96 r1901; 0 0 .00" 9 f 9 0 9 ._ 6. 0 I 1 0 I. 0 0| " 0.'.' .. 0 v' - . , .. . . .44....4 4.... ...-0-..0..1-. . l I 9 9 9 9. . . . '9' O 4-. .I . . , ,0'1 6 9- 9.6'90 9 o .....1 04096. . Q .96 .I 0.9.I.009. .0.’.. '6 . 909 9 . ... .137... -1. .......-+ 4-1.0.-.. - .. +06. 60.9 . _ ‘3'? pt -10 0' 1‘.“- ‘ ’flape r #- ~.,-. 800 800 £00 giver. £300 800 AVer, 800 800 800 Aver. Time min Dec. 278.5 280.0 281.6 LB0.0 192.5 198.2 127.2 116.2 118.8 111.5 EPixml.AVerage Loss yer Fitting 1" lie [16. Loss inollg. 1.75 1.73 1.71 1.75 3.60 2.45 2.41 1.48 12.90 1C0.) CULT-LIKES lead Loss ft.h20 ft/sec. 1.81 (A f‘ ('1 0’1 v r; L) 0 UL; 15.55 Vel. in 11.95 18.45 22.18 11‘. 0"__ [7' ‘v' :3 1.10 01 9 [\7 CO 6.66 8 ’7 96.4 .1005 .1128 :- r' .j 0 1061 0:4 .412 .412 .411 .408 .407 .406 .409 . . A u a a O D .. u . n ! b n I ‘ n 4 I p D . . u a ‘ A A II. lIIlJJlII I. IJ_I lfiIIlflIllllIlI‘lIIIIIIII.I I I I . . u . I I a . II II I. Id III .uI < I III II I .I.I I I _ . I IIIIuIIIIIIJ1I‘I. IIIII III. .I I IIIIIII JIJIIIIIIII III‘I-J 0.. lo lIII. . . . . IIIIIJIIJI «In IIII. -II. 1721.! ...III I. I‘lo It iILIIWLl . . llILL Iltl . .Ii IOII o Jl‘lIll’II . I..l'I . .II. .II‘ JILIII’I Illa“ IO .I‘llllII llyIlLI. IOIIIQI L.II IL.|O .IIOI‘.1IO . . _ . u . I LlQI‘IIA “mumv . . I II.,.II‘ I&.It . u . IOIOI‘ICIoIl'I.‘ O . 1... la! I.l IL .L... .5 II I I.I..I..11I._I.,I+I Illfil1+lllkl .I. lleILIqu .IIIWI L'II‘I‘IIL LLI. I41. .11 ll. .OiILII. v.l...l4I.I.1 Il..III«1..I LJIuLI41¢1.-I IIIJI....IIIII.IJ I. IovILI IIJ2I¢.IIJ I’lIIInl: bII... L141. I>I¢l§i IQI II. LIIJFJ. _ IIIQIIIL IoIA III 1.1.. . _ . I6... I‘qull. I’lJlA. I».I‘!-auxl‘ _ . ll .lellhl II‘lIgl. .J . I’l .LIIJJ‘IHIIL. I‘ I. LlthI .11. .I+I%I+ILIIO.ILI1 . I. . .LIIOIJIQIIII. III IIQJ IIILI‘Il IdiItlhIL 4L I‘ll... I‘ll :L Llhll—l 1 F... It- 0 FIII. oll'o ILI. ll..¢l~l- +IH. Cli’I J-¢ ‘1 ~ - _ I‘I I! .I. .I. .. I. 1 .I.. 101.1541 . . . . . . . .I.I+4II:+I. 1...1+1.1..ILII.I .. I+III. I _ IIoIlLI‘I uI . I‘II‘II; I‘I-<.o.. .AI‘IIO . _ F . .oIrIIJI Il II.I¢I I. 961‘. JIIolII. IIJIAI... . LI; . .I.—I. . 4.2... i. II- IIlO A TLIJI. _ I: 3‘ +1; 1‘le I .I-. LII II I-.. I‘II III‘.‘II.L' IOI. IIAII‘.I.IL lOI s IIlIQ Li. 0 LL‘bI .iL .rIIw- _ LL- ‘IILILITI‘. L .o IIOI Iv LIII. J. I‘ ‘ 1.. IJIJ .I.. .1. LI b L Ib o_I 115.11.. IL I? .I..I I.I.I4I I II “I917 I+II+IJI YIAI .rIdI _-..-.IIII. IIIOIITIIF It. IOI. .IJLIII. . 3.1;“ -«OIOI‘O _ 1 .9. L. JII.IIWLI$. IOIbIlkI Lily!“ I. I5 It FLIIJI. . 1.. ¢ ‘Ig IQII. III. .MI . th IlI . . . .IIr II I III IPIILLIL A -I+ .4- It- .“IL . J.I.I I4II..1..I. l.vl . . . ”Mm I. L 1.1.1. .. I....Tr ITI...I¢ 1L .1 II. . .J, I . loll; iI-Hllkl lehl-Wo‘ .LItII ”IO. .IIOIL 16I+1*I _ c I.1A t kIK4IIIJ Iklo I3 IIJ.1 II. IfllbIPL IIOII _ LI I»: 1614“ I.I+ .OIHIIO 141‘ .le I Al‘j I, I II. ‘ . o. . LhIHI Jillfl. > r v 4II.I. H AI. . . _ ll: 15.0 10 l 1.1+" ..Io IIHILI. Io IolleLII. 14I01§ILII IpluoILIhW III} .I..-.rI. I. I . I I‘III?1+IIO . .I o IAIJ IOI+ImI .L1._.I JV“- .. ., 1171.3.» I? 9 . 3.1111531 .LI I‘D ll‘ L341...“ L1..I..ILI+ 1 4| I4Ifll. I'll .I+I.II.II.III IO! 9‘- OJIIOI. -rI. . vI «ILII... & qu ILIWIJIO . IhIVI+IoHId ‘ -I . IrIIL. o . . L y . . I. Ivk1¢ I . .I ll! .II.‘ . . lo 01-615 II..IFIt1L IT «IL. 16.17;— IwaatI . . lIL.YI.._-I ‘11 III. I IXIQI+1IHI.I4l4 LITOI.<¢I.I’II._ .. I.. J I.IILI~.I L. LII . . LIFII . A .I.—P l.I . o JIIfJI , .IT. I-.. I II ‘loll I’illbll _ L. IfI'IoelI. 4.Io . II . . I I. LI. I. .III.I.I 11+.II..II.I.. L1. III>I 1. IPII. +IT I I. L. .. .I.. .I . II. I. II . l4 LIL...I.I.. . .I I 1‘ IL IslII III. .1 OI ..1l1l.I.IIbIII III. I. loll. .91an 4. It... I4II VIA. . IkIp . .. n. 5.51. I. o .I. l. _ . H . o “ II 0 .16 4.,II.II.II.I- LII... 6 I..l..Io,I.. II. In It. I In” T .Iol AI: LI. . L .I.. I+ .o . ...Io.IH . o I . .I . . . . .Iv. o JIoIOIaIfi OI II...14II Iti...‘ III II III... A .I. .I In . 9:...I. .I. c. .. .oI. . 74 o .I..-. . . rIIII.,I~III¢I.Il.I‘ II II. VI. 6 91‘ o. . _ . . .I. 0 NJ 00 “II . . . IIoI¢I..II.IIIoIoI. $.II1I... OI. . ‘ b» . loo-0:1. . I. o t ‘I OILI. I. .o... IOIIoI L . . o . Aver. 800 800 &30 Aver. 800 800 80C Aver. 800 800 800 Aver. Time in Sec. 9%.2 96.4 94.45 85.2 {33.0 {fiéfirflG 84.55 Final Aver 115‘ CC: LOSS ir1.1g:. 12.60 12.25 11.60 13.18 15.35 5.90 14.10 15.15 1” UQILL’ 1:e;c. Loss 1...] O (D f' p 04:6) (:3 O U: H3 1:; . 2;; 711—1.: 0.01! £13th 1 ‘ D Vel. V‘ in L3 ft/sec. .‘ 5.. H O ‘1 U1 (_fl c W 17.71 27.7 11.93 1088 fer Fitting C.F.S. .0413 O O C‘ x L '1 . N355 .1556 00613 car ”-4.. 131041;. 0 C ‘7‘ C"! Cr CC I r» I Q L 0‘10 Fit: Opué . C‘ (.5 to '7" C“ " 0&1. 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Tune fleau hega Ve1. v xatnr in Loss Loss in :g C.E.3. Coef f See. in.L3 ft.h;6 ft/ssc. 1:1 witt 60C) 281.0 C.Cb 800 {LL‘O 271.11 v. .10 Avcru ,75,u ‘,1;. L. U L.4§ 1.13 .6453 .736 LCL 167.7 v.51 ECO 169.1 6.84 COO 193.1 6.18 AVCZS- 198.1 0.176 6.49 12.14 2.287 .0662 .709 800 800 800 Avez'. 800 800 800 157.5 165.0 156.0 159. 3 146.0 140.2 136.4 11.47 12.40 14.72 0" O C if: C" (fl .0602 .702; C 7 IL 0 0 gr“ H Aver. 140.86 11.51 16.68 4.““ .700 800 .180.4 14.64 800 117.5 15.18 800 115.0 16.26 AVer. 1137.63 15.56 16.13 20.00 6.23 .109 .058 ~3V1nal Average LOSS fer flitting .701 . _ - . . - . . _ . . - . . . 1 -- .. . .-.-..- 1.1.1..- . . . . . . . 1. v . a v To 9 1.911119 9 Y . 9.141 11o|9 "-5 . o .1 «1 «lolfilblr‘_ _..-91¢? 41.011111.- 11..1...1.11|.-1:. 91. .1. .-.-. . . q 41+ T114 .T. 1.. . 9-..-.. 11...... 91.. . . . Y _ ' 0. 11r11?|w..4+’951 IfilTlflv-ID-r1+1?1f1 0|.- o1...9 7119117117 91191r1191..vl' 9 . . 919+... 1T .114 11 1114+ .41 . .. .1... 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II I 0 0 0 .119! 1- I 1 I . . a . . o . v I . I . J I I . I 9 o .90 f 0 ' 9 .T 90'! o T k IP09. *1; 900.4009 0 a .04 90 .0 9. 9 4!. q I _ 9 9 9 Y . ‘0 I-9! 0.. I I . I '0-P0I.9|I'0 . . 90. 9| I.I 090 0I0 I I9 10 0 1 0. I . . . . . I I o 9. I0!“ I0fn - 0 9-1.. L . 9 9I .II 91.19.01 7.0 «I 9 f 0. 0T. . + w 9 0T _ +0 9 P0 | I ! 1 9 I 1 9 9 a o . _ _ n g. . +060 V0I I . . u I 7 III “I 1004I 1. . VI 1 9! 0 9 9 a II. .100 9010. 0. 0 9 V 1 I o u . a I I I 9 9 #0., 0!! .I. ,9. I a IT .90 090.9I.I1 .I.IIJII 9. . ‘ . . . . , _ 9 I . u u I 0! . b . JI4I .1 4! a I. . .I II I 9 I. r .90 II . 1 9 o 90 I I II 9 . 9 a u n u I - 1 I . 0+ . I n. . n .9 F I” «I I 9. 9 III 9! ’0}! ”.0. 6 9| 90 0 ' I9- 00 4 VI 0! u . 0 9 9| . . . . 4 I. 0 . . , I r P! x _ . . . 0 LI 0 r > . O 1 9 1I '0 9! 0 § 0 9 . I I I O 0 VI I o . '09 9 I II I 9 . . . a 09! 9 o 0 — 1 . . . 1 90 9 « 0 . I . o u - . v . . . .. 1 9 .. 1I .. . 9 .I . o 9 ..... ........ vi"! gt . Water 800 800 800 Aver. 800 800 800 Aver. 600 800 800 Aver. 800 500 800 Aver. 800 800 800 Aver. 500 800 800 Aver. 171.2 171.2 174.0 172.1 15(u) O 1" 90 TEES Head Loss in.Hg. 8.60 6.51 8.75 8.62 10.60 10.65 11.10 10.73 14.96 14.94 14.54 14.81 Head ‘Vel. _Jf: Loss in 2g ft.h20 ft/sec. 2.50 5.35 .444 4.67 '7.29 .825 7.42 9.38 1.;75 9.04 10.56 1.670 11.50 11.55 2.100 15.55 1:."5 z.420 Final Average Loss per Eitting Co 1.“. So .0402 .0512 .0744 Coef, per Fitt. 1.415 1.410 1.55 1.550 1.155 1.586 . . .-.-41.17-41. . «-4111. -...1.-- 71. T7171. 0. M.+17 .19 .4 .. _. if... .17 9191.7 9- 919 1917 4 v 919.. HH 7179.17 1’1er.77-9 _ .11 41.1.? I? .9... 91'1‘1. T7?- - I.I91P19l9. .I.-r I177f+1f.*1f5||0l| 4 1 41 -.- -419 41.9..74-..._.I 4 :1- ...... .. 16191.01 . 1 .I V1.9 1 -v 914 9 9414.1”-.4 1.7991» . 9—9—0 9 9-9 ‘ . 7.797.!0. 1 . 4. ~90‘fQOO-O 1711H1141I.1 44 1.17414 . -7 4 O1»- 9 11.10.7771 14-. -4 4% +1..- .1404w1J- .I. I9.I 1...: 4..- IrIIOIl . . .719 III- 1717 9 . 707-9..- ¥t$191 17417191411? 1...--. {£41119 . 91727-91. T £171.1l! 71-1917; 1471 k . r1517“ 7161911719.. rtki 91 11f" . 9-9! .7 4-11-4414 .9 7. 91 4 I.~.I4I411v19.4 .1'7 . I791 717.11.17-91 74199.... LIvIrl1l+. . 1790’ 4 01v 41.417... 4 T 7| 9!- '1 0191.919119- .ILIo- 4 . . 4 . . . 9I1I7 I. T... 71.917r1rt 1.1 . . . 7L . '1 19079117 9 9.9IY.717 7|. 4 9 . . w-.1fi.7.791 I. 4 1.7 . .1 4.4 ‘41.- '!§I510. 9 7.! 7.9.997 .. 4 11 Q VI41..1 191-9 7....179.‘ .I. 9- .... 4.17 9 . . . . 1 . .I" - 9 9 .I. .7 .919 . .kv . _ 19...... 9111.17.91.91 . . .41.?! . . . I . '19 9 .7 9 1 9 19 .0 9 9 I 1 9 V T. I 91 V '1 9.17 . _ . _ I I 1 1 1.1 ..1 ”.19 9 7 4 o 9 . W1. w- . 1H 4191T91 P1r -7191.” 9L1 .91 I 4 TI 9 919.- .Q «I . . . .9 9 9 .9 . 9 . . -.1. I 1 I . I I. I 191.. 719.91. . -.. . .. o 9 «1711 .Y 9. >- .§.!-91.119I.r 91..91+I +r.v1TIw19II7 9191917 219.9. 7 -41 9 .7 ? . . . .r.71f.19I.1-I1P . 4 _ . 917.1! -I 7| A .- O . ..11 .71 1.- 7 91 4-. . . . . I II I -.III 7I9.I ..v- I 7, .I o . . 9 Q . 71 4 p o - '1 1<1I.7191. 01-9 4.1r $1071 9 .-1 9 71.914114 9171-7 0 o. 4 . 4 V k 9 . 9 9 O 9 - 11111 .1- 0 7.. 9 . .OI‘191.. .1 . .I... I 1 .1QI 0 l9!. O..’ O I - e . 7 . 14 7 f . r- “I. 9| w .7 .Q!.v P1910... 1h ITI “19 .19 9II7 . O .. If. 4110141” 9 9 7. 9 7 . 5 o . 1. ....I. 91.- 91- 1 9| . . . . .- I I I .19 . 9-9 . . . 9 IO 9 7 9 _ k 7 . IwII 9 I.’ . 11*-”- 9 7I914-I71V19191 ‘ 7 9 H - 9 9 9 o 9 7 1 IV .7- . . . 7 0.: . . Q ..4 o 9 .1 1 I 7- 91 9 7 9 IV w . 7.29“”! .w. “OW 9 1aar-r103 9.19..'IrT . I917 ..II 1.17. 0, II9.-9I-.9I Y . 9 o 9 o . 7. !IIO 9 V I0. 7 . . .. .!I *1 .. .O V v . u 9 ' OII. . . . V 9 . 9 . 9 .91.. .I.- 7.0 . J 6.1“ 191 9 o 9! 9 V J O 7.991.. . . 6 O 9 O u 4 l(.( (_L) " 0.151;}..1117’3 It': Final Average loss per Fitting I131). 'l‘i'u‘ne Fe; Head Vel. _11: 0.3.3. Coef. «5.91.31 _ in loss loss in 23; I-el‘ 1f 5:0. 11131;. ft.h20 rift/sec. Pitt. 300 194.25 1.10 500 183.4. 1‘14 500 185.7 1.11; Aver . 187 . 8 l. 12 'r' “‘25 300 118.6 5.5;) 300 118.4 2.58 500 118.8 2.54 Aver. 118.6 2.5.; 2 6'3 500 166.0 2.57 500 166.5 2.51) 500 169.0 {”46 Aver. 167.2 2.52 500 144.4. 4.69 500 142.7 4.88 500 141.0 4.90 Aver. 142.7 11.82 800 2.00 . 7 6. .1. 0 800 202.6 6.07 800 192.2 6.6; Aver. 198.5 6.31 6 6 800 176.4 7.95 800 175.2 7.98 800 179.0 7.67 Aver. 176.9 7.87 Q I I n ' O A l I 1 v y I . . . I v v . « ~ u u . .. - . v I o n. .. J w A 1 h l. ‘ I v I u a I . ... 4 1 ‘ u l “ 1‘11! 4, ...u I VilJflJ '14... u I i; it; a r‘ :l I. - .L.‘\; y r‘ it"s» ”...aubové- V ‘ ‘ . b ‘ . . _ _ _ _ E ” . _ m M Iliitll + * . . . . - _I , M W . M «L . . _ . d w . V _ m _. ..uuw Layman“. z. rtuofiz. M . .. ....HJ . 3N NW 0a .2. ; o. _..3 . N: ..o....#u. OOAmN... W». w - D -.-.—...—.Q. ..r wam- e_ ‘ : m. . G. . .m .C. S. i m. _ b ..x m ‘ .. .,f _ ; ... . ya“ ...... . _ 1. ..oo. . ..g . .. ,. / .0. ..... - .v . ¢. . .- .4: . ésgsw .. mm ~ 33 ...... a ._ ... . . r _ N * * vi . M M, .W H. . w r . __ M . -||Lin.| H «r {I H H . _. H. . Wgt. ‘If»J- Haber .IL If 300 Ave 1‘ 0 Time Sec. 194.6 213.8 172.0 193.5 H D3 f‘ N “’ 5 LO (0 N C ()3 H «I N 03 VP (7‘ , . o o O n: (g 0) (n 1% [..J a) O) ,9 305.4 199.8 196.8 200.7 Final Average Loss per Fitting HCad Loss in.Hg. 1.36 1.16 1.71 1.41 2.49 / ,. r .»-- ‘ 1! v ." v-J‘ ‘ '.4 ) %" uu1;53 Iieaf Loss ft.E20 ft/sec. 1.48 {\fi 0 ca 0) c.‘ I 0‘) 03 6.29 8.95 V610 in 11.83 3.60 15.50 17.40 20.85 2% 1.01 1.95 [\fi I C): 01 C1 0 0‘. C: 4.72 6.75 . 0.3.3. .0848 .0544 .0417 O 0 km 0) to .0554 .0640 Coef. per Fitt. .367 .L51 0 LG: 16 I‘ I6! .4I10IokaI6l WITLIIY'. 00 +1.1 4--*leol ¢ ..r « TQIfIfIT ITrIVY. ._ .....111471 T7I fIOI. . I .I.. . M1- - Tia -I+.M..1._.-.. . 7:77? _§I#II _ ...? A Tr. TIT. .7! 'Il'llfiv 61 VI, 4 I'Iu III-9. 0+! . II. I6. 7 .I." OI. ‘ OwIO'QII O va.‘.IIvI|¢!|. I. 1 1 _ .1161le I‘VI .o 1 _ . .IWI...I+I?E ItI ._ _ . . rI . a “IIIoIoIvIII .oIWn.I. t . 1 _ I O 9 City? II - VITA, ‘ 1 VIII +I19Ifl|1 TI? n.1oulo.r|..o-Qf.I.r I .19 41:41!“ 1 I» .QoIlwllv: ‘.!b.v9.. b .v..v.-b .o .l . . a ..... 1|. '0. o o 1 OITLIHIVLILI.LI .‘l fil.’ OI... . WIT. II, I\61,l§ o II I Iilol? I . - I I I I'quIYI'O. I‘wI,V I o , . , . , o I . . , . . , . . I . .Ilitl I H IT OI74I w gt. Water Aver. 800 800 800 Aver. 800 800 800 Aver. Time in SEC. 225.8 0‘; p m ‘. L. {\D 25. (6 225.8 151.6 155.0 151.4 152.0 174.5 176.0 184.5 178.26 144.7 152.7 154.7 150.6 209.2 209.4 211.2 209.95 190.2 189.5 184.4 188.0 Final Average Loss per Fitting r" 5 Head Loss 111.11g. 1.48 1.48 1.48 1.48 4.15 4.10 4.14 8.62 8.42 8.80 11.70 11.71 11.58 11.60 14.10 14.24 14.50 14.28 ”( ) p, 4' STRAIGHT Haefl loss ft.h2 1.555 6.59 9.25 12.18 15.0 .L "11;" 4.11.») .‘L‘ ft/sec. Vel. in. 6.94 11.85 14.61 17.20 19.90 22.15 .< N 09 .748 2.18 (w 0 (Q (\3 ‘1 4:0 60 6.15 7.65 0.131. S. .0215 .0564 .0448 .0681 Coefo P61" Pitt. .496 .496 .496 .495 .492 .498 1 . . n 4 5919590959 .. ¢ 99. 95.99'f99 II 9 99995 I‘IJ 97 .fIILLJ o I 4 I .59IIII . . 1 5 999! 75II094II9IJ » q I I 4 d m . u — IIII I 1 I. 19lIIlIIIu|w 99994 I I4IJII< AIII. 1-4 JIIII- 4 I . I I u M. I IIIIIII III II II JIIIIII. J . . I. 9 543 I4 9.55 III.4ILIA III. .I..-. ..II. _ . . III .IIIJIIIJJI bIJ. _ .IIIYLI144 _ II.I1.I o I I... . I -.....«IAI. .Ih . .ITI..- ITII. . . 5IIII45.9I4.I5.I » I911. 4.55 III... I..- IHJIIT I 4491-.-...IT .II4.I. Lth. . _ _ . I. . JILI ...II. . , . . 7.4-4.1.. . .. . I. 0.9.9959r9I . . _ . . . 559444995995. - .I5.Ilo. IIrI T909. *L .IL55II494I49 9.049”. IfiIo. 5II._J . 59III>I4 I WJIMI‘LI5. . .5.II0II4I.IJ 9- . I5 45I+5 . . . I .I. .I. .. ..+.1 . IIrIILIII_ I5” I990Ilo. ..9I _ .IIf 4 . 1.II..... .I-. _. . ..I. 4I+I4 .I. .9999. .-.wflrII. I< e95I5IIIa ‘94 “7.2 ..5I. 4t . .4 “JIIIfi 4 l 5 5999. o 9.971 . ..II. ... .x. .- . .I- _ - -.. .I55I 597 11.52 12.34 11.48 14.50 14.79 14.45 14.68 head Loss ft.}i20 2.66 6.90 12.05 15.31 Final Aver1gc Loss Vel. in ‘t/sec. 4.84 7.07 8.92 10.00 11.80 1"" 'r dot/2 fer Eitting .2: 33 0 ca 92 .778 1.555 2.165 C. 191.3. .0149 .0217 .0294 .0307 Of, 1", . you .0469 Coef. per Pitt. 1.420 1.395 10 59.15 l.L90 .thJI; ,_ .. 1. 9/90/97 lIlIIflIIIIIIIIIII‘I4IIIIIJIII‘II. I I1 IflI II IFIII LIOIIIWIIH. ILIL: — . _ .LiIYI. v IOIO ‘ 000000 IIIOIIIWIfloIII I I .I. I, §IIOIbI l... I. l IlaI‘-‘ II. O'III-‘I. I III IIIIIJI. -I. L LIL'ILil- J I III! IIIIIL I01 ........ . IJ‘IIAI‘ IOIOII I6 4 Ir I’IollI‘lIOJIII . _ 0‘ .I‘II Il‘.lIIL IIIIIII...I. III. II? 1 1.0.1 I“ _ .I.. I. I .I., .I‘ . II‘ L. I I I k I . . 4I‘.I III II. o _ J I’ 40‘ o .4141 I.III. . IIYIIII IIIIIO .I. IOIIOI‘. I. IIIJIJII. [LIOJ IIITI‘- IaIIoIOILII. no I 04 IIIILI +I§ I ‘I-III+I¢L1 . . 1. .J‘ OLIoJ ‘ ILLITI. . II. -.ILITII II.I.? . I" I III QLIIII I .I.... III. LII II — I+I I. III II. I. .. If. I. Jr JLITI 1L. IOI+I1 I4. ot‘I IOIIIIIO .. IIILJI. I4I4I4I I4 4:41le I I.III1I IoII? I I .IITA III+LIII H‘JIHIOJ JIIOJI fIPIIII+I INLII. All» IIILIIIIMIMIL. I." I.-L_, I I. .. . . I4 I .I. IILIO-IO.II¥II‘1 afifiuflfi IIIIOII IIIIII ‘ II. n . I. 0'4 JII IQIII LIOIIIJIIIIIIOII‘ ILL . . IIIIII IOII Ill J .IIVIJ II III LIIII III? ...I»' I ”I‘IrF IO EH... . u I‘I'IIIOI I4 I11 . . . ‘ _ . . . .I. IIIIIII. I . . . I I _ .IW.II..IOI_I+I‘ FI VII 9| .IIIo.4_ IIOIII4I .LIIIV I; 4+44I QJI‘L II III OILIOI4I9I .. ..ITLIIII... II ITHI. IOIII IIIJ .-.-..»I +III L LII II II+I+I-.. IJLI I‘. . _ .I . . . . I. J .. 4-4.1. ..IvII I . .I. o O O ..I.-. I1 .I.; HIIIII I6#v40.06t+ I 7.+I6 ILIO '1 . on... It 9 O. . . L‘I‘I aothoII. .I ..III4 OIIII1.10IOIVII.IOIoI‘IhI IIIILILIIQJ III1I+I+IC Ll _I. . .II lilIl‘tIOIt III? . ILL- . I4- IIHIJ .IIrIIIII IIIII . I II ‘ L IVIOIHIJINIOIO \ . II YoIIIQIIIIIII JI‘IIIOIIJIO III. +I r! 4 ILI4LI “I... IIII III IIIII III tI’J .4'6 .IIJITLII 4I JI 9" OI -II.. I..III . _ .I.-.-I III. -I -..I I'lI “I‘I‘IJIIIII I O I . . O tI‘Il’IOIIfiIIO o 4‘ 9|... OI“. . III. I ..II‘ I IrVIIIIO- 4 . IIOII IIIQI OI} .IQI4-4IOIL.III.I 0 ‘IO Q I IIYI+III .I.,IIOII Iv IrIIL‘..¢.1IIII IOIqI. .IIII . . I IJIII I4II IIIIII4IIMI y I .I.II .If IIIII II II ..I . . I 6 QIo. IIIIIO I. .I‘III IIIIHIJLIL I- - II I L. L 'LII. In I, ‘I II .I I4 4 IoIIJI‘I 4 _ IQII_I.u .4 IOI II L I I III ..... . III I u I I II I I . . I I 9I.II . I. L .IF I‘,w L .oII4II .I.I4I II II II III III“ I. I LIIo. +I II III. III II OI4II.. I JIIIILI’I II JIWI .IILII . .9 I4 LIIQIIII...I II I .II. I IIII II I I II o I . - I. IL. .. . III III. -I III LI4 I ..IIIJm J -IIII. I II . I. I. III I . . .II...I.I .4 IolI I o . . I.III I III ..IIIII I .I 4..9I.o IILI III4..III II. III»- IIIJ ..I.IIoIII.I 4+ I IIIIII I. IIII. IIIIIIII ..... IIIII ..... Ya" gt 0 Hater Eead Loss 1' in.Hg. 0.53 0.50 O. 5'; r0 OUL) 1.00 1.09 1.55 1.55 2.47 :3 Fa £400.20 C 1 (\1 N O O O C)“. U] (‘7! (1 [‘f, 4*- Ci 1 5.57 C1047 404‘: 5.50 1.750 (9 cu N O 4.720 5.840 Vcl. in H3 c? 5.90 11.78 14.70 17.45 19.92 22.30 -/sec. .541 2.155 0.560 4.725 6.175 7.735 Final Average Loss per Fitting C.F.S. .0161 .0207 .0304 Coef. yer Fitt. '1 0202 .209 .197 .192 .191 r 1 '- 1 fl 20 b _ —. - ...- v— -. a» .... *WT{-N— C 1 o - -— -- V -—1- ~9~W—.--—qh—onow . 1 t - - --- -49-Hp-o-O- ...- :1 fl 0 . - . { . O O ‘ .230 a? :0 cw d N 0‘ ‘ 3+3”. €901 4150 Q 4 o O . —<--_. --.,-- — 'q 5 1 ¢ - _--. ._,__.... ..u-uw—o-{h- fl.- U - . O .5. w d . o . L . Y O I _ ......- v - l . . . O O 0 I 0 o l . ‘ 1 . - a c . a 9 . o . J O o . l ? a O o . 9 u . . . I - o o . I a - v 6 o 5 . . 0 § 0 - b ooooo o . ’ l '41 M y , 4 (b H O H C' . O 0 (:1 CC“ (:1 ~11 (Q 2.... 6 ( 5,) 1?" UliIUIIS "gt. T ae Lead Reed Vel. ‘41_ 0.3.5. Coef. Wafier ' in Loss loss in 33 yer ‘ Sec. in.hg. $1.120 ft/sec. Eitt. 264.1 1.50 254.6 1.61 250.2 1.64 AVEI. 256.5 1.56 1.64 9.00 1.26 .0125 .525 .75 15.79 2.95 .0189 .519 20Co5 5050 202.2 5.58 Avely 20‘.7 5.54 5.82 17.15 4.57 .0257 .518 Aver. 175.4 7.50 7.88 20.25 6.58 .0277 .509 257.8 9.54 255.0 9.75 T. 256.1 9.56 10.05 22.90 8.15 .0515 .508 Final Average Loss per Fitting .313 lleJalllulllllllllll| .Illll I. O. 5 ‘ n.7,. .V. in... .1 I ...; F- .‘.~ ... ‘ ..... o t . ... .e t . l...,.,l.t.v.. m. or .K: lyria; r , - E 0:508. in . IF... 1Il.I1 1I1I1III1 I’ILI. II‘I-‘IIHIr IIIMJIMIIO II.1.IOI1. I I. I . . . . I. .It..« IIoIL-l-l. II- I 1 1 11.1.I1. I1 1+1I+I1I§IIL I .h 1. old ILIO. LI-OILI LIJH --. III-III..I4I1 I1I+I.II1I..I1.II1I1.I4 I.IQIII I .- I .I1I1I1 . ._ .1.I..I1I. I1.I II. -. ..- III.-l_I1.-1-1-1I1I1 I1. -1..I1.II. II 1 .1 I. I. I1 I1III+I+IIIW . . II; 1_II7III1I. IIVIIolIL-l I1.IlI111I1 . .I I1. I . I.I.I1I1. v ...... IIILI.1II.1I§I1I1I14 I1.-11,.I1_II. . 1I. 1.1 I+Irl¢ .IHI. . I1. . . -w-IMHIHILNHIHKHL. I1. I1.IA-I1II§I1I1 lIlLlI ilLIl. 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I1II9I .LIIHIILIHIIJIJIF. aflkiIoll II4II4.1 I‘ll TI..I|JI1 0.14 I. & ‘LII‘I.I1.LI1¢II+LI..I1I‘IJI 1 IOIMIALIllIJ.‘ Il_I. I1I III1I. I1.-Jill I1.II*II1I LivoI-ki ”I+I I..1 -1 I1.II.II..I -+I+II4. ...I*II+LI1.IAI . IIJLI ILII11 1 . 1. IIbII. .1I1. I1.I I... I1. . .1 I5.-1 1LIIIPI9I1I4I+IJ LIHIL-IfJ. 1W. .IL I1 1I1 1I1.I..I. I1I1...III1I1J. I111 II.. I1.I1-§ILI1II.IL. IIII1I1 1I-1..I.?II4II1 .9141- .1 LI¢I¢ .-.I1 I1I1III|II+ 4I1. lI. . .1 o .hII. 11.1. -«I..III1. ...LLII1I1L IJLIdiLILIII. IIIrlJ-I . LII.-1.I . _ _ I1I1I1I.I.II§I.OI1 II ”I 1 I .1I..-III1h I11.III+II.I.mIrIL b-lnI -- I “I4I9 4I4I_I1IF-IJII1..I1I..;1. 4|. 1 . I...- I1-I11 .1.II. L.I1. 1I1 I -1 1.. .I.. .II. I...wI I HIPI -.IIIHIIol I. IIIJ .I IOIL.II‘I._.I.. .II. OI. lII1. . I1 {If . I4ILII.?I?I..I1II1 -1I.1.I1.1 FII.I. HL I1I 4? .1. 4.477%“ 1 w < «.7»! .11.! u 7|“! ..l. 1 r '5!» I 'vl #71 ! .9- H7“! 9 .- 1 - l 7 ! I. .7 4 .J . . . 7797- 7 47-9! _ . 1 . _ v ...-1.9.5.. . 3-1477. .- ...1 1-1-_ .- .-. .--.- -- 5 71-45-115..- -1 141- .71 .-. 4.7. .7 . -1719 o-.. - 7M 1+ .15 4 . 7 1!. 9.-..5- I 117.77.21.31! 117114-17... w .--. - -1-7« . 9- 17-971 1!. --7.-1!9- 1 r 9 7..- . 7.1747 - 7 +7 . . . I 1- 9 . 17.47 fl 1 fil If! 7.1r .FI.+ +!. ! * 1 P7 Fl-v- ! “I V !«7 1 V . 1 -1 L 75- LW -1 J- 1 1H . .. - L 1 7! _ 7- . .L -.-. 4- .- . . , -- . 1.. .4 . LT 1 - _ . . 1 . 11:1- 1.2... . _ . . . - - h . - 1. 197-11! ... _ 1L! . 1.”le +71 1 ...... 1 1 9 1 r- 1 0 5 .71 4 . . . - 55.17.11.1- 54.571.41.1V11111. .5 7. .... . ..... 7.1- 4.71.- 11.11. r1 1.541.... .1...1... I. .. . .. . 1 . F ! .71- . .j .7. .... 1 . .. . 1 . . .1 . V 1 .15. 5w. 1 _....r .- 77. . . . .. 1 .7 ”I ”7% - 1- . 1 1 b >. > .. 15 7 4 4 a! 1 — . .7?! I 1th-.7?-u_- 9 A 1 9 fl _ 1 u N 7 o . . . o . -+7 M!“ w M . h 0 d 0 < .!9177H “7%.9-1fifi-. o 7.9 9 ,9 9 7.7 o h 9 + o 9 O O- . O c 4. . * o o . . o o o . . [4!!!. 1 . 1 w 1. 7. 9 7 . .0 o o . . 1 w. v 6 9 . 9 9 o u . .74 . _ 9 Y . h v 9 . 1 . o 97 v o 9 7 1 . . . . 51......- . ... .. . 1... .. . . . 1. . 9 9 9 Q . 9 9 o o 9 9 O . 9 u 9 . .0 9 v 9 9 . . . . o 9 o o 9 . . . 9 9 c . H u 9 9 9 o H O 9 H H h . 9 t1 . . 1 H . 9 . . . . 11 7 9 u 9 p 9 o . 9 . o . 1 7! lo 7 9 . 9 . a w Aver. 200 200 200 Aver. 200 200 200 Aver. 500 500 500 Aver. 500 500 Ave 1'. T5me «1n bec. 425.7 427.5 454.4 428.5 264.0 275.8 290.0 275.9 224.5 215.0 221.2 220.2 189.0 185.5 185.8 186.0 244.6 242.0 251.2 245.9 224.0 225.8 225.5 ..- 224.5 Head Loss 111. ha. 9.89 9.47 9.71 11.43 11.40 11.50 11.44 lie-:67 Loss ft.K20 1.64 3.76 5.80 8.00 10.20 J]? 90° N ‘1 Vel. in ft/SCC. 10.65 14.50 15.65 '1‘.“ 012 .452 1.115 1.770 (‘0 0 ¢. .Q O 3.180 Final fiverage Loss egr ”itting R 7“ C0300. .0075 .0116 .0146 .0172 .0195 .0214 COEfo IJCI Fitt- .557 1’ I" .u‘xd .805 O 11 C) (7‘! ¢ h m i 9 ...¢ ;. o «o- O I L. +1 +—|9—~‘L ’H- L$§ L._.— A -o 0§$-o-o .— ! #:4- H‘ AL’. - O u—‘.+._ >0v—o-V¢«