.-
.,,g.'

'V ... .
on; 0. "4"
no - -
. _
I

u..,.

l V - - <
t . .1.-
"0 . .

'y-r“ v _.",,
-..

a“ ' -‘.

‘vlt
14'
'l‘vn~ -

a.—'

RECREATIONAL DEVELOPMENT on THE C-HI'PPEWALAKE ' (  -1--
AND 113 ADJACENT LANDS

>~‘-| I 1' ‘

po-D

-|-,-¢J.,.
. ’ - 5-.«ovh .o‘.
.., . ., ‘
.w.’ -. '1

«I q‘l‘fnJ. . ‘
w, n- v

Il'y
.o .

IQ-tc‘~

‘3.

. . u‘
‘n\ .nn—q
~“o‘l .
A‘L‘.l~ I"
.

Problem. Report for the ‘Degreeof M. L. A.
MIGHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY
DAVID w. FOSTER
1969

|
a.
'~

'Q ‘l I C . V
' o )-\a
. $."-'-"V\o' 1 v \- T1."

L . Jr":
0 t I '

.J-ylpJ
nut): .

0‘“--

H
J

I Q

1'} "‘
O. -\ - '6 Lu- . u
. ’. -".Qv;".c¥-VIN|N’:-‘ n...
. , , I
I
l

,_., a

 

\

..u‘01-

in.
L 13 R 14...}? Y
Michigan State
LRfiversity j";

V’ou' -‘ r

 

 

 

RECREATIONAL DEVELOPMENT ON THE CHIPPEWA

LAKE AND ITS ADJACENT LANDS

BY

David W. Foster

A COMPREHENSIVE PROBLEMCREPORT

Submitted to the College of Social Science
School of Urban Planning and Landscape Architecture
in partial fulfillment of the requiraenta

for the degree of

MASTER IN LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE

1969

' '. r ' f; \
‘J .- l .1. ‘ L I K. L‘-
l A, .....
K"
a l — '0’
A 'I .i
‘ k E I. (.L.‘
u' 9 a M ‘-I‘_ ._
., L 1. .'-- 41.1.4 («.1
. '._‘. "- . g‘i
:. « ”L- n. 0.: P': . ”ml”; ..
. .. .. . ,
" ' -' ALA-.3 .. ‘ ~) J. J...‘..1--v.!_-:J.i.
. ..‘
. I ' .a; : - -.-
-xL '.). J I. F)I_-‘ 1‘}—
‘f ~: I‘. "x' E ' n' ._.\ ‘ .- v“ --
“Q 2.5.1? .J‘... A ‘J 5'34 5! I .L
3 9

RECRE

Todzy, with o1
devastating u
the countrysi
”'Y of life
creates. Th0
cult to fares
”PMS which
because of tk
tional flcilj
demand now t}
we haVe mam
nation's “a U
it 1, becomi:
t° locate, 01
“Nation”

Medan “St

balance ROc]

barium h“

 

 

 

/

/

1 [/(W? 3
I L17" /*" .L/

,/

ABSTRACT

’70
RECREATIONAL DEVELOPMENT ON THE CHIPPEWA

LAKE AND ITS ADJACENT LANDS

by David W. Foster

'Today, with our country's ever swelling papulation, its
devastating urban sprawl, and its industrial revaluation,
the countryside in which man found environmental values and
a way of life, is being consumed by the very forces he
creates. Though we are a maturing nation, it is very diffi-
cult to foresee or to predict the recreational needs or
trends which will effect our future generations. However,
because of these various forces mentioned, outdoor recrea-
tional facilities, be it natural or man made, are in greater
dCIand now than ever before. As we have grown thru progress,
We have misused and destroyed many valuable acres of our
nition's natural resources. As a result of these factors

it is becoming more and more difficult to be able to utilize,
to locate, or set aside sizeable areas which have high quality
‘rficraational values. In the statement, "Environment like
freedom must be protected and achieved anew each generation",
‘Lturenca Rockerfeller relates the spirit and concern which .

hericans have for their country's landscape. The necessity

I
l J I’L} p " ‘ ‘I ‘... t | K ' l \ k I”.
I
farinedxate
‘~ 4 ‘ "‘ -;‘ I ‘ ‘
forthcse tea:
lama were ac
- - a, . . _ .;'.-';;~;‘ 3E
wtmtAOIQ
. ‘ $ - p- a i I ‘ '.f 7‘ r\ a r A. a a, '3'" '1
Law-‘- : ~‘ ‘J- ' ' . .- .~- “- \o n .' ‘.. " —1)‘I\~' RA ‘. _ l ' kid'1L'
Magus: 8,
(a t _‘ :j_:.{.o.‘. Q ‘r I .51-. _ _) Y‘ J‘: E" _‘} ‘.)j'.; ‘A\ .9_~ ‘ . ‘1‘; L :;_\:z’ j .:",‘J
Federal recap
H ..J 3: ‘..: $53413: ; a»! a -1 an: a. Jim-x! IJa . ..3‘1' 23: V \ 3:13
I
naprovisior
J: -u.. 1-!” “:3 Q. .. Jun ) vhf. 1' . ‘ ; I. .‘U 1'}: 5‘.
10,1920 as a
. . 9c -- .- ' ‘ u a - " 0 t ’ 1
-~ ‘,'...I .J ...: “regains“ a; “3.“ ., . . tu‘. .c ...-1.2;..-)
_ not definite
-w .. '.. -"‘.w--.' 4 .-.. 1' . .- a} '..I' war: 2...?" {-3 134w,
_ _ . , . . this Option.
V a 'a ....l".; ‘a 1': ‘ ’.LI’ 1/: :1” :11- _)_'."" .L.:.:: {‘.i.‘ (ile‘i.'.a

C ' ‘ . a .
.‘ .a‘n . .» . ~ - . _ | .~ ‘. . _‘ ‘.. .ab~ . - ;r.-..v.'. ,9. -' ~. «I , .‘ 'n ‘-“..
-.I_2.a n... .L':.l.“r.--5I“-. g“ }I.«L1.‘..Iu «an \— ’...-13-. a.~r-'(3-.--~vl 7)..“an J‘J :9EUB..1-~~!

- - .l- . v 0- - n. ‘v .. I . I ‘ ' " ta ‘ “- :- .. "'. s ‘ ‘ :1 r '"r -0 T“ d- . ‘ .
.1” hi. .‘.'..’.. ‘-.-.1 u.‘ :.. .' ;.(- .sQAI-leoll .3... ..W" ‘c.'.'l.a-J.'..g-L..'a... .:.o.a"(.l.{3 hk
. I epro.
Ject
- - ~. I - . .
Q ( '...1: .!;'_..a--a ,‘g'..'.;.__ -_a .' .f. .‘.‘-'.("=;.:‘:(;’ '.L' a"! : 23"3 ‘.~;:’.i’.v' 60“.: .4) “9d
'Of the
. ' ' . _. , -. _ .7- . .. , . ~ . ' .. n 9' v ~a
3.2;: Za- L. t»: 33.7,ttéizi.’_‘.."‘.~;‘ erg-(...-n, ". --". 5.2_':.~..u;~’-~'-.!.'. ‘:."v' 21:3. .‘Pw -
" " “Vent
DriesI
5-. a ‘ ' -‘r n '.a'. a '.r‘ ’ i" ~'- ' q. p
.._,_.,0._;.:. . .., a J _ I; .a{ . . v.‘ a t. .v. i --.J. a. a. .. ‘......J.u,. (. -..J a.# M
I
pe r9801.“
- -~. -_, .-. ... _. ‘.L'. " ,.. 1‘ “”2... , _ ,.§. .
'M,_1__..)J.I (L). .14"; .Iu (0-; 3J,U¢.:.-..;.HJ 4.10.". Lbs; ;.-‘. L.‘.': g‘ln.‘av.(:..}’hif (...... J-.. {'3
Math
All C
I
3’ a . 'i. I a. v I rs 1""- l r‘?!“ I . 0‘ ' 5".‘r‘rx f ;
a, 4 . a ~Q' - t «I A") J L. 3 ‘a- (a i’ . f "i ...-A 'a J‘ ( ‘..oifi 1‘ - f .,
ma
-. . _.’.,_'.1 -. .. _. ,-- ..1 . .. * ,'.. ‘-.
‘. _', .e'. ._' ...At'uoqs b'!.§,, ‘Js‘l -L».)~; '31.:(4 .‘ki'.. 11), . (... '34.". n‘a‘r LAEJC'-=.JPJ"-ZI, ~‘ .8. .
1tit:
8h“
..,"".a-2.-“ a‘-".' '..-‘A‘ .‘ » "’I‘a- 1 [5" ,’ lam " ' l- .' "- -.. . "- h“ e
ulra....-.J.f‘_" -2.."13 .mJL-‘a u ‘J'..Lx--<. ~..-.I U ad t.._;(.,,:- -A' Jt-(l-~ }‘(,."-.l “--..L
O
h“ pr
0P
a a: T " 4a ' I ’v -f t. ' " \Ir ‘ I'r ' 08a
-.L... I I .'h‘ ) AIR) _.,., "g. 11.3 cf'“.J3:...9.’ a -... ...; A f .1 . Iii-HA
€191.10
' ' "V '2'" M ’- " ' """';‘-' .v “‘3 -"—'- -. .7‘ .~ my: a r. , .v- . - ' meat
- A l‘ a . ' '- “J.-.'7r.'l.‘. ‘l \. -‘..1 AI!-.C'~z.’ J..L Ill.) .I-I'é. :." .Jai '1:th 2.1 ”1-—

«OI ' h'Pha

acenic We:

 

David W. Foster

for mediate action cannot be over emphasized. It was
for these reasons that the Chippewa Lake and the adjacent

lands were selected for an evaluation of its recreational

On August 8, 1971, this tract of land will be due for
Federal recapture (returning to government ownership) under
the provisions of Section 14 of the Act of Congress of June
10, 1920 as amended August 26, 1935. At this time it is

not definite how the Federal Government will act toward

this option.

When research is done on a project such as the Chippewa
Lake project, it is necessary to determine the recreational
needs of the region as well as the complex. itself. Various
inventories, charts, and maps have to be made on the land-
Ocape resources. Influencing factors such as proximity to
the urban centers, highways conditions, mode of travel, and
“ray more must be studied. For it is not until all posibil-
1ties have been exhausted, that a planner can be assued that
his proposal will contain the values of a total environmental
development. Anything short of this leaves a posibility

for a haphaaard result in which a camp site here and a

scenic overlook there is produced.

The

- ‘ ' I .
\ c- -‘.I_ 9 ' _' .I 'a\
«AL-".7 .I..‘ g? ml"- HUI-4.- ~ .' I..' 5! J(:!..‘_.‘-}I73 lIJ-..I.i.'.";"a .','aI.Ii’_'.JI I;‘,~..-..a‘?j 1g; ‘33:!
' e "I ~ 1 " . ' a a I 1‘ II- II I 'I ‘3 '- I 4 1-. . - _ . I -- -v I
-m. H9L*,J J . h;..2..u ansgzw';£h, .; 4 .;Jr.r .:.bLA»JJ SggJW J ..v: Ififllt

. ,I_ , .‘ . _, _. . ’..”. .r ‘1'. _. r... j"
...‘.. ,‘;.‘.'.I g ..-7.. a» u -‘a. .. was? _ In. M..’ 54-11 I W“ -1. "335' 4-'-‘-~ I‘ he cut

I I I I ' ' I ‘I ' . a - ’ '.' '- ' . *I :I a ‘ ' I "' - a I I t 5 .‘ ' . ' "I e “ I II! i
1£.IJI I, .I‘. I'l- 1., II; F" v ‘, ‘.. (OI'.0 -« Ii] -’ - s’ . .‘u 4,‘AI-! . ‘..I I.".'. :‘J‘(-I-2'- “1‘" ' I'} ‘IrIrI'\I'I‘ “'1I ‘.. I‘: III II ‘iI III mersp
r C .h I

 

 

‘ I “ I I a I I ' \I' ’II .If" 'I"’: F” Ia I.‘ -I.{a'ac. 9‘ ‘I Y’ ;. n " la
- ‘ . Q a l . , v " . . '. a _ . . . . _‘ . . . ' ‘ . .
...... us. a- .‘ .. -.- taut ... ... ‘l . -.. . .4. ‘ -.a ”I J ‘.. J'I_JI .’ _, ...x ’ .v. -..... -i L...” ‘- - -. ‘ 54. . St'tw
‘.I '-'." a ..»"; j E 27-: II‘Iit’ 3'; "(3:2) ISI‘I;A3L:II'I 3:1; '.."..HI: ' ..Ia Iia-‘IIJJI‘ -JIC'rIa A
. _ .. s o - . -. . 90 u — a n - . - ..v. —~ a . . - . ... ‘.res.
_.‘ ’ .§/ ( ’. ' .
a -.. h. .. J I (4.. a .21 h“ the

re: a

. . .. . . 5 .. -‘ _ _ .. .. a. . , , ,‘ . . . , .- . .'
-.. ’,' .- ‘~ 1'... r. I. ii ‘J'Q. )I J . (.-.I.’ 3.) '..:l.‘ all”: l3.‘ .'.1 '.-.'.1~.;..wJ LIA}: ‘.
0- u 5‘ r
H
a . I ‘ 1' a . . e ‘ v wverm
' ' a ’ ' an " -w" «t .'. .‘ v a 'f.“ .: ‘--"')~a'- ' . "4.". 1*.
-1 ‘ Ia ‘ .'. u) . .. .’~ I ... ..., 1 a .4 I) k 4 I .' ." pi. J .. .. ’ ' u' ..-. ( e' 4' L. . u a. A...
o
' . ' . ~ ~ _ . .. . r . .- _ : .... .- r _ , , OIQSI
" ' ‘ fl ‘ a l ' a ' .f- .v " . a 'u ._ .\ ,
— " ‘.. i ’a U -,‘-a‘ ‘I-: -I . l u l‘ ‘ .J‘ .-Jal “ '.I f.) A...‘ ~ ‘.I ‘.‘I‘ 3J‘«.-‘-‘ . a J. I}: so I “ kl'aI I .‘I‘ I
a. 1 -' . is. .. 1’ .~ -'~ . " x ' ~- .. ‘1. ?-- . - “‘- f‘v ‘fawl . . 'f '3: . - 0- rmer
..r ’5 ., , ‘ .1 .Jua -. .a ' .55.; S'.$ .v‘ I o)‘. “LIM‘HU -.-" ”s ‘ (5.4 .t.~ H'-. ‘ Lyn- -tIJJaa ‘: ‘. (i-
f e o _ ' n‘ a i” _ ' ‘ . h
.~ '- ‘. ‘ . .' -., -. ‘. ‘. 4. I. . - , . . ' a e ‘v
I} g ‘f‘.,..a ,a :_--.I: C;‘s A" $.‘a;.. A; -t‘a."-J s I_’ , ‘..- .. ..1- £44.. ’1.) . a .o "111- C: x. 1 ,v0.'.. rm
. luau d(
a I y ‘- I a ‘c ' . I ,. - 5 Q. .‘ .V .
_, g. e ’ _., ... . . . , . .. . .. .. ...- ‘ .. .‘ .1 ... ,o, .. ‘ ‘ 7 .. . . , . . ~ ' -..“ ,. _, _
oldI-O ‘4‘. r V y'e‘" J.,.. I"~ (”3" ‘ V111. --.J-'--:/I-{J-) so. ];lJ I. I'I'g' .~.:,- g '.d .s. :.'1-‘..;-" r "'J'Aa . If a ‘ sI
I I
Jan 1
' .u . s - ... 9 f . la. . a ,5 a '; b a . t .
II ' ‘ ' ‘ V‘ ' I I. ‘ " ‘ ‘ ’ ' ' - . a .‘ " .“ ’ ‘ . . '-.' -- .' '." ' .
-.L. I 0- \ ~ “ at --I- I. .R. 0' sit-'1} u: (J’s. '..-t. ‘z 'I .I.-J I_' . ’1’... I‘ ...1‘1 7: . If! ..v .‘ I: I. (I .. <2: . (‘2‘;n .I.
. i
hnhroI
'.-'-'a‘~. ‘ [-.j. (s , - ’1r‘ "-. .», ,' f. : " - '; F-(I'I !. \-' . gar.» -, . ~ , {III ' aelI ‘, 9-“. I
‘1 ’.u— ... ‘..4',_. 0“ ..‘ . I.._"". -1'2;’;.I~|-i-" ’.. -_‘ | D. .J c A. ,‘v‘. C:.,-’ a. ..~,_'l 1"”) , J ..’ . '2’.. ‘M. ’_ .I
. J 'rI , . Ql' . ' I II ' .~' .- .'I We "-‘ '.'*I' I_ ' _‘ 9" P? ' a- .' ,3, ' 'I’ ,‘v‘ I r. " " 'K I. ,‘I a...» ) i‘ r, . . y._ a ,. . a I ., aI
_._ =4“ . ..._ - . ..l .; "-4...‘ B ..U :.. .~..-'.:.'-v all.) have“. I...“ . . -___ .a' ..L.‘u.(.~.'(‘-"-. v.-.”
-- . an ‘
”V ‘ 1
i118]
II 'a ’-‘ “' -) I I‘ III I- ""“ " " ‘7': I. ‘ V.‘ ' r a. \ . a
‘...' . .I..- cunt . v. .' .. - l--.' - x .J J.{-o,-C’I L‘ . J "I - a- J. ,‘a’[ ..f ' I
s _ .

. J a - > . ‘ . a ‘E . L t a.
.s . a I an Vt ( v ' -I' v I -I‘ I II I ' .
I. '.J in ..a_’ II; - . I; ’3 I f - II! 1.‘ u)-.c"‘&_' ‘. 3'33}. " II“ 'II’ I—II I
- I
L a
aa,e'
I
v . ‘ Q
. . .2 ‘-(. ..‘ g‘IJ. \‘ I ‘.. - a,‘ I ‘.... .‘ ’ ‘ , I -.
. J -A - . _ . V ' «-.. -~e '4

 

 

David W. Foster

A proposal of this type provides for (l) a supplement of
recreational facilities at a standard‘oi high quality, and
(2) to insure future generations of a place where they may
have educational, social, physical, and other outdoor

recreational experiences .

The entire project has approximately 28,000 acres and a land
ownership pattern which is rather coupler. The Northern
States Power Co. is the major land owner with some 14,000
acres. The Lac Courte Oreilles, a band of Chippewa Indians,
has their land divided into three type of ownership, they
are: tribal lands, allotted lands, and 0.8. Title land under
Goverment control. The remaining land is owned by the 0.8.
Forest Service and private individuals who own resorts,

stunner homes and permanent dwellings.

when determining guidelines for the master plan, it can be
shown thru zoning that cerdn parcels of land should be
controlled by other than present methods. The suggested
control for these pertinent parcels are: (1) complete
‘cquisition by purchasing, trading or by gifts, (2) or
1'Mzotiating the rights of less than full ownership, such as

leases, rights of way, easanents, or leasebacks. The handling

't'ti E

 

 

‘4

..l'iu‘ no.1

~. . . ' .‘V
.2 ..' . r k -.. "
-
' v . I, - ' I
-. !_t “ ’1 g‘ ‘ v~ I_‘! lul“.

v
' . . '1 r -:'
. ‘K ‘ .JiJi.
O
‘- ‘u '1 - - l .‘u
' .-‘§ ’ '1 ‘.’ ‘
- f’A
r' > -)-- .1 ,2 ,
£4; nu... -"..'I4 -.‘Y..'....

.. f r
.4 s. A f . 7.
)1“; ". (K L‘Jh! .
v.
-- "P1. .- -- ~-
I (4...! ..1. un. ’ ..u $1.4)

f}; I‘an‘ .‘ ,1. ‘ 5.; 9'.) J. ‘..;

as. --,£z;1;;u<; is:

.11le
‘- I”

m

'I
3-3
fl .

C V".

3" ‘

‘9'.

',
a
y.

4 J-'u- ~-

1"

,.
(a-

”‘1 -

- : ll . - pg
.L (' L1 ' '1‘ a.

I- o

L
. V .
- ' . {1.111;} M!
x) \ J
. ~ I
n- ‘I ' ,' r ~Qv
" ‘lilo‘ . 1".54_I"1.

. u ‘..
. f - I,
‘ '0. .‘ I 1'...‘
I‘ \
(.1 " -.‘
3" -'-!.' cu! -

‘ , ‘.
33.18).

‘ fi 0 l O 5 ‘
' r ‘ .. ‘ ".;
.'l"'.( ‘1. l"....." x
. _.
”0+;vn o ~ 0 , ... . ...
3-9.4.5.. . . JI.1--~ 3.; K"-
I D of
g. _ 3.. r. . ~
‘..I 0.11. .. 1 'o-"_4.‘ ‘I‘g'
‘.. ' . r S .
. - ‘ c ‘ ’ I' n.,
..~ ~ .‘ ' ‘- 2.3 J. L' ..l‘ .- ~1 3) ‘ -J '
.l“‘q ". I! I I. ‘I
v-‘ ' {i J 1.‘ .' ‘h.'-‘.'IJ-) .
.l I
. -s .41 '
If , l a. . ‘ . . .. v.0 - . ,-
(.“. ‘i '.;.....§'J ( ., Mm}. 311'

.
-i.‘. .‘O‘644u

o 0 ~
.x‘ _ . ‘- ‘.. I. ... -
u'u-n'u"~.aLJ hid" 4'

hm: '.-‘.-.~~'.'ne-r‘.r;; 1:: -.~'- 4'11. .{3

r;-
\

[‘.. , .._....§
L;ll-!.‘-.CN&“ J

. 1-», r. ‘
-.'.;.-'..4 J. r...: ’5':

- 3" "— Q "r".
'..‘o 0-0- lhl- ‘0...

n

" .\ n, «r ‘VU‘
‘,.' ., t 3:. 3')

\

David W. Poster

of these areas in such a manner will improve the esthetic
value for future outdoor recreation facilities, such as
camp grounds, picnic areas, boat landings, trails, and many
others. It does not suggest the use of any condemnation

action.

Finally, the purpose of this comprehensive problem report
is to clarify, illustrate and justify the development of
outdoor recreation facilities on the Chippewa Lake and its

adjacent lands.

r ‘ . o 1') T U T318 “tho! “L
. I is. Wilminfl'; .‘i inf-H” _ 14.1"... -‘.'! ’JHJQL- 4’

. - 1‘ .1 Y. ‘.
';'2;"-'.‘11'3-~.-“. '.u.r,»'..:3nu .s'-;1.z:I::;-. '12-; 05.2.12. cont.1buted ‘0

q
' ‘ v
1 . '1 .‘ ' v ‘r. - 2 I... - . :0 ‘i .s--' r...) Re'J‘t.
143-2171: ‘ 1373'2‘ u h Dune- -‘ ‘ I.» .1”. - ,5 t: A P
O'. . on. I J
a 11 s .4. 3.. ..Akli! fl. (3! ... .r .1

To Professor Ca
couraged me to

{13‘- _-, 7. of this pro j em

I t
.".;j."-.-' evizi'. :rIIB'glz.;.i~'-{..i..: ( . - «s 453-1- Cd r.-- 111 to ma e Clq
—‘<f‘~ .o- . .

T0 the Chequam

necessary info-

?ersonnel en 11

7° N”- Willim
P115153.

.1. .
3d finally, t

Energy to help

 

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

This author wishes to express his thanks to all those who have
contributed to the completion of this Comprehensive Problem

Report.

To Professor Carl S. Gerlach, my Advisor, who helped and en-
couraged me to complete my graduate program. Since the majority
of this project was completed off campus, it was necessary for

him to make changes in his busy schedule to coincide with mine.

To the Chequamegon National Forest, who made available, the
necessary information and backgroundmaterial. The Forest

personnel enlightened.me on various aSpects of the problem.

Tb Mrs. William Kresen, who helped me by typing this Comprehensive

Problem.

And finally, to my wife Susan, who gave much of her time and

energy to help me complete this portion of my Masters Degree.

ii

‘ \
I
.4
.u
.4
no
1 ..
‘..
.y.'
1.. -

1.:
-‘. r
-4 tr

.K'h

1
4

. f_’

( . . ‘
.’ 9- -“
“‘“‘ C

a!
_ r ‘._'-,
. A,‘{,“I
I s

F ' -

- . 8.1..-

2

A»; -0
l

o
.. ’.. e -
V44.“ ‘1: k...
.— v I ‘v
‘ ‘ \o- I ~' .
-
..‘ ..- II
D I p
l '. ' I
‘7 .A ..- J4!

'.svrj Lt :5 (J-
1;: . 1 ""

, . v. .

(‘9‘. L11.

9 — I. ,[-.-n I .
\4-'. ‘5 , L J « --t . - ( . -... i ‘a- A .‘-
. l’ ' ‘ -‘ 0‘ .- .
\.1.. .'v J.‘ ‘]|' r .’. .. ' -a l .51.. --‘ _ Ab.)
.J -h\,-.‘.‘
’ , ‘_-' , .I , , .v
Q ~J .. ‘ . '& . .A ‘n‘ ..oli ' ~ a 1-x t; . ‘_. J.
5.... '. e. ., f H ,. -I 1 t .\.V ,.
\' ‘, A '. J-- t ‘ 'ut‘e IO . .I - (.3 n‘ ‘J. L)
‘l x. t)
‘ .- ‘ fi k . .‘ .. . . -‘ -
5 ‘ '. ‘.L 2 (.1 \ -3... a‘ 7. - - .-' - f‘
1 L.
e e . a
‘. l . -' | “ . [5 o y‘ ' 5 .<
v‘J L .. a.. ex- in i 'la-' a ’ . ‘-_, .4 ~ ...LJ

-.(1L.-;'.o at”... '1‘. :-J u"
h' -' . I r' —

.... 7. SU.‘_...;.~..L-lr.. ‘-.-... h.

. - : 1,. i . ,,..e ,,

(AL! ‘ ‘1 I f. ‘ .. .'-. ..c- is?) .... ‘ ‘-laL‘ C. -t..... '

-‘ . . .. ,
" . . . ' " ' o ' .r-n° '
1( 2.! . ’..‘ - ' ’~ (7 _ " f1, _‘ ‘ '
r I \ ‘ 'b‘k‘i ‘ - e-
_._ -5 ' . . r ‘ --
g s — - v v! . ~—
..e we y.<,.J us. vr .1 , .-. x. #1“;

I”!

Acknowledgment
List of Tables
List of Figure

Introduction

SAFER

I. Thea

11.

De

Ex

51

TABLE OF CONTENT

Acknowledgments
List of Tables
List of Figures

Introduction

(HDAPTER
I. The History
Indian and Logging Era
Creation of the Reservoir

Future Status of Chippewa Lake

11. The Analysis of the Site

Description

' Basic Geographical Data
Physiography
Climatology

Evaluation of the Natural Resources
Water
Soils
Minerals
Flora
Fauna

Summary

iii

Page

ii

vii

14
14
16

20

24
24
24
29
33
38
38
47
56
61
64
74

It: I:

 

,.
.. ,
’4
a 7| I.
- .
A":
,. ‘ a.
[LA]
‘.
'5
y.
i
\'
.l~
ll ‘
.' .‘i I
. \
Id.
,.
.
‘ l
.m
U ' ’
_ -s-
\ V
. O
, .\1
I .
04'
..- l
V
\
. J
‘\
- I
‘-. —- ' ‘ ‘ I’-
‘ ‘v d. _., ‘. 4-5-1: -1 4- .
a
u ‘
\

. 44 ,- :
.)—'.»IJ!'..' -J‘a.‘J .-

-§

1‘. .
. .
‘4 v I ‘

'9' ' ., u
. ‘A - a. - .
. ..\4 --(J 5 '1“? W. ‘ £331"
. - g. u
- y, " -~ .-. u .~
‘-‘ .’0....$ -- U ‘.. t’; _‘ A” a
'f'w .) o ‘
I \‘o ‘ -‘ - I

.4 .. «
f
,' _ ‘, a
‘o‘. s n- _‘ - . I I
o " h
’ 7.
e - ‘ -
' ‘ -. t. ‘ I -..
.‘

v
- .
,1 -.r i'
" II)
a" A
U u. h
- ‘r- .

33H!

111. like E{e«

 

Pres:
, .._-.- Infll

Proj

..e;.:‘ 5:.nj, Sumnar

N. The De
4‘ ‘ \ its Ad

.4 Recc
Proi
Pre:
Con

Con
TT

313LIOGRAPHY

Page

CHAPTER

III. The Recreation Demands 76
I.- 1 Present Facilities 76
Influencing Factors 87
Projections ~ 105
Summary 109

IV. The Development of the Chippewa Lake and
. its Adjacent Lands 111
Recommendations 111
Protection of the Water Quality 112
Preservation of the Natural Shoreline 112
Control of Recreational Development 113
Conclusion 1 114

BIBLIOGRAPHY 120

iv

1;. I
a niu. .. l. ’
f ‘ "'
ct. , ; .....
i a. w ‘
3' '1’:
n." I
P a . ( *1 l a i" - 1 1 ‘ x 3.. ‘
‘1 ' c a ['-. A
. . 0' - a
('.uUJ... l V J-
' . "l s '{
“teal-LJLIJJ‘ a ' ’ ‘ I ~ (I
..... «k, if}- ‘ IL \. ‘ ( J 0% .
‘ _f ' _ -' l
r. r .~ ,-- ‘1 :~
(J 3L: -‘. < -. x. U -.«.-..-.‘..\H
I
. . . .
(«L - iv" ' A)! 5'
1M

.111

KL

United

Actual
in each

Populat
Pepulati
Indianal
Hinneso1

Age DiS'

V. Estimated
Propertie

Orgin o
the yea

Soil Qu
Areas

Relativ
Rating
Total p
Registz

Chippev
°f Fist

TABLE

I.

II.

III.

IV.

VI.
VII.

VIII.

IX.
XI.

XII.

XIII.

LIST OF TABLES

United States Leisure Projections

Actual and Estimated Per cent of Consumer units
in each income class, 1947, 1957, 1976 and 2000

Pepulation Projection of the United States
Papulation, and Individual States - Ohio,
Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin,
'Minnesota, 1976 and 2000

Age Distribution of the Population

Estimated Recreation Visits to Selected Federal
Properties

Orgin of Non-Resident Visitors in Wisconsin for
the years 1949 and.1959-196O

Soil Qualities and Uses of Soil.Management
Areas

Relative Productivity of Soils for Tree Growth
Rating Factors for Recreational Areas
Total Mineral Production in Wisconsin, 1962

Registration addresses of cars parked at
Chippewa Lake on May 13, 1967, opening day
of Fishing Season

The Major Land Uses in Sawyer County, and
the Breakdown of its Dominant Use -
Commercial Forest Lands

Comparison of Participation in other Outdoor
Activities by Campers and Non-Campers

Page

25

57
57a
57b
58

73

77

79

I
P
..
1, -l
. A
0’ l
.
. . d.
'I
-2

I
e‘

I

( l . J

t- I.!
. .
, or» *r:
a! 47-“- .1

., . . -
.1 I. ‘r ,31‘5
- <|. 3
_ i .5-
' ' -I
\ , ’.J-O _ .A .l -
l" f i .-
xl ’ . .- ‘...
' . - .
O n
."v . V f b
O l
x ‘u 0
|
r .4- -’ \ a a. La ‘
.
‘ , 'a "v
a U
-1

l‘.. 11-. (.‘.».-.r

.40 ,,
. .i u f.
-L o . '- eJ-.
~ .
-., ., .
!'l\’ \- l . Jo ' -
‘1‘
,Ir‘efl
\ .

.1: I. U... :.r :11 . -;.

L-i'l- ‘.jt?
\. ..-«| - ..t- n

,s.‘

, .q , ...
,7 -
x a
’,.
. .
, . I '
o 2.4: .4 -
,.
.. I '
a I k -
u
i -
', - I l
r .
‘-. 5- D
C
-q ,
u ' Ii
I ’ e
| a 0' VJ-
' I‘ .
o .‘ (- .» y
.
‘ . | .
_ I,
.. .1
.- '..t
V - ,. A .4
,
v " .
I ‘ a. «a
e . "
a: ., .- ,
e‘,o . r. ~»
l.‘( e l .
, ,
i‘I‘.J I. .I

Major S}
6 Fastesti

Number (l
Outdoor

... ‘ populati

’\

i a e 0..

( ‘ ' - .
. .4.‘ -- o .o ..-.
.7“ - . e
. -l(~- ‘.

.. f .
t (_ , . a.-.
. _
'- a‘. t" _
- ‘ t
0
No.1 0. - - . 1 -‘.
v D a, ' f
a . -- -' v s. I .
1 I’I - I
u- - e a
. ' _~ .5. ,
' ‘ I
-~(‘ 11-3 -" ' OJ. '

r v . . -.
, .
K ' ‘1
-- . a- .a- - .a— .- I
§ I. .
s
c, ) e
. I" -.- - ,
-r u - - .l. .I - .d-— o'-
l ' a.
r. ... r .2: ' v
. (-a.-. “-.. 9- .5

.
" . ‘ I I
.4 la ‘ 1 .‘.
I 4 4.:
'. ---' - . Mt,
. . - -
' rv . ' l:
u‘ r ' '..: ' a: . ..‘ -'
.
.' v ‘
' 33 '. ’l ' "I"
. .31"... 1’1...)
e - ,
. , 1. .
-- - .3. . ' .1..‘- ‘
., -
L . . .-.-... -, .
a l I
U- -- “ '. k D - J -- .
. I
’ .0
l . 'l v " . '
. .. I .‘ ‘.lg. -1 J

 

TABLE Page

XIV. Major Summertime Activities which Grow
Fastest Between now - 1980 - 2000 92

IKV. Number of People Participating in Selected
Outdoor Recreation Activities (per cent of
papulation) - 92

vi

 

'r-c-v

”IE
c‘b.

L

IL

KL

N.

VII
WI.

VH1.

XI,

HI,

on.

Chippewa.
State of

Location

Location
Lake Chi

The Five

Locatio:
Physiogt

January
Average

Locatio
floodir

Locatic
to the

Mflier :

The F1
their

The ”1
the N0

vegeta

LIST OF FIGURES

IFIGURE

I.
II.
III.

IV.

V.

VI.
VII.

VIII.

XI,
XII,

XIII.
XIV.

IXV.

XVI.

Chippewa Lakes Location in Reference to the
State of Wisconsin and large Urban Centers

Location of Winter Dam

Location of Major Highways in Relationship to
Lake Chippewa

The Five Physiographical Regions of Wisconsin

Location of Counties in Northern Highland
Physiographical Region

January and July Mean Temperatures
Average Length of Growing Season

Location of the 10 Natural Lakes prior to
flooding

Location of the Chippewa watershed in Relation
to the Pertinent Counties

Major Soils in the Northern Highland
Physiographic Province

The Five Soil Management Areas along with
their various locations

The Mineral Distribution by Counties within
the Northern HighlandPhysiography Region

Vegetation Groups for 1850
Vegetation Groups for 1956

Sketnetic Map of Ownership in Relation to
Development

Sketmetic Development Plan

vii

Page

24
26

28

30

31
35

37

39

42

49

57c

59
65
66

115
116

I'm:

HIRE

F
I
t

:10

IV

IL

XVI

... _
1. 3|,
'..

1

.)

_ D h.-
a * on.
.. .

r

’i

p
v].
-

b. .

‘ . . .
.

J. J.

o ‘-
.. o
. .
..u
o - . .
v.

. .
a I \
«fl
_ ~

... ...

Q h
It“ I
I. .I -
.Ql N
In 0.
... V.

. . ....
..
r.-

as.

i

l

4.,
IX
. .
a.

.
‘
won,
a
o.
0.45

.

I -
. .
. ..
....
k

I
‘.
n

 

. .... ..>i_m».H|...\.. .

-.l 1
L
r :
.v .L
. v.
. .
. or
n . ..v.
. J
I. _ .
{...
. u .
: n.
. A
v...
u. .
L
. \.

. . I.
r s
...l I
.
‘1.
, i .
3» .. .
.18
...
I
u
. t
.
1 e
.\ .»
..
r —
|§
, ..
1.,
. | “
.
1
~ |
.I. .
0‘ I
in I
, . v
"v .
a
. .s
A .
q
_
.
.
VL

.. .
.- . .
(a ....
..\ r
L,

D I. u c

‘1'” or.

c .

L
.I-
II.
[J

A.
'5

I n
u ..
. m

.s.
...
w

......
a
.a
f.
7‘ 4.
hl‘
.
3
‘...
.‘
i...
...;
~ .
Ta
t.
It”
'8
d
1.0

.I
3‘)!:_;,

‘-

J.

— .

I "'
‘L‘ . 1.‘

I

f

I.

UH?

c

s I

.-----...

iii,

0 .
. r:
.. V
7‘ .J.
‘ .
I
. .
ItA‘ .
. .
o
I...
. I:
... ..
.
..
x a
. v,
...I.
... .
._
.
l..
t
.\
a
Qu
.o
(ll
..,
.(k.
,.
or
. v
A
a.

5 v-
f .
‘_ .A. -L

‘5'-

 

 

FIGURE Page
XVII. Typical Campground Development 118

XVIII. Sketches of Recreational Facilities 119

viii

.. ‘6'
I"
‘ ... ii
. ‘ . - < ring-r— ‘1
'1‘" var.

 

throughout t‘n
sought many H.

il

expression any
taken many fo
called these V
be defined in
Iceman hem
body Ind mind

fined as:

refreshm
diversio
through

through

IOICEB o
structm-
Went: i
Peoples;
Skiing ,

cmhnit

muons rel;

INTRODUCTION

Throughout the history of mankind on this earth, man has
sought many ways which he could use as outlets for self-
expression and personal development. These expressions'have
taken many forms yet a striking similarity remains. We have
called these variety of forms recreation. Recreation can

be defined in many ways. It is a fundamental need. It is

a common heritage to all peeple. It is refreshment to the
body and mind. For the following study, recreation is de-
fined as:

refreshment of strength and spirits and satisfying
diversion in the outdoors....in many different ways...
through the contemplation of inspiring natural scenery;
through insight into the geological and biological
forces of nature; through visiting sites and seeing
structures and objects associated with significant
events in history and with cultures of prehistoric
peoples; through activities such as picnicking, boating,
skiing, and other outdoor sports; and through enjoyable
col-nunity activities .

Americans are continually turning to the outdoors for rec-
reation, relaxation, and the utilization of their leisure
tine as never before.

The outdoor recreation activities which Americans
choose and enjoy during their leisure time takes many
forms....hiking and swimming, fishing and playing out-
door games, bicycling, sightseeing, picnicking, attend-

1Phillip H. Lewis, Jr.: "A Study of Recreation and Open
space in Illinois”; Division of Landscape Architecture and
the Bureau of Community Planning, university of Illinois: p. 9.

The

'm

":11; "g. '.fi'mvnrmqm

a, iufiix nay; wfirn41; fixw‘fixengfiai -;:f Lxezgguenygl

..-. ..a.;;’.!.(‘ (1'. ~‘:,.~) 3,_:!'I:‘J i. E:'..-.\=.. 1'. 3'3: 21.3w $3.“:H.
ezxdfi .3;-H'1a .J!.:=.ifiitm”V.A §a.s {unintrwggipv
jjizsiizia uninizfii 3 ing ennui inmxzn;ing

‘. . -' .
i' .3-.. ...; {Vanadium nt-.'xJ"(.-.') {-3

' I
I

e s f .‘ P
21‘} l. . Luise-L”; Lin}... \;1 'C‘k!’

'...z , '. ‘ _ .. '..-,fi' . i".‘. . --__' .‘,..>. .... H. - ,, -’..‘-_, .' ' V '.-.V.'. .J.
' Alan-E " on ‘.J-J .‘u I' [.30 ‘..J a-‘e u-Js-i (: l4 ‘.’f. 301.5 ' .‘J .01 —aJ ‘l c-‘m J." 3' -J-‘\--‘ - «Iv-J A
,~ ' -' - . I s . ... .' 1- ~ -, —. . O.- .i '..? - z . - - .- ... .a . .s ..
O 0 use. v .O‘JII’J' '. -..-LL! 3.71.1 {1.4 0 O O 0*”- ..‘.‘.’|...'..T.r’(‘ TIL.“ I}.. ‘.:(:;;S’ ..‘. ’f..l-'
I I 9 ‘ . o '
s - .,- . ‘I -‘ . ‘ sv I .- 1 . . .-- .' _ ._ o". . . .. f ..n‘. ..-
; \'_.'..‘i.t. .' . -.. ._ 1.).) .51.! _ 1....L. “9L- 4.“ 12.“; JL-.'-.' if. Julia.) “Mix! J-u‘L'I'hI .3
’ -. ' "W“, e 'fi "7 ' “ ‘- I- o ’ ‘ ‘ll'l \" .‘ )‘ “~ ' " ' ‘J
Jeni- ‘ c' . um {HH- .;.:.a 1.: _.-"('_‘_(J‘.."..; :Jit.‘ (son..- , . ,- . .... intros-.1.)
, j ' . . ‘.:_ ’ .. ‘1 F , t .3. r __ .1. '.' .v' "( ....I;~2 . _" I?" ... . 3 '. c. '.‘I'. ’fla‘ ().-‘.
' 0“" ’ ’ l. ‘II—cs! C no .3. (- K'l‘.."" 6 '2. 1' I '... V'“ -\ \. c~0 cs ’.I DIG .1 o .. ~.' .\ ...
" . . 1 ' r ‘ . . t: ‘ '5 ‘ . ‘ - . I -’ .“ .’ ." 1' "n - ,. t" (a -1 7"? g‘ a «'- -"
si:.!‘- ... -.. I . ‘.- LI. i.~-\ '.. u’. " ‘J.'\'( K-(v‘l 6-. Id Lnik) '«"‘~'-!.' in 4' -23}- ’ ‘,'.Jrc
. ' s V l h
. . . , ' o . . - -.. r. q a ' . ‘s.' ,- , D, .‘ - ... ... .‘ , P .- .4 0’ . f ‘
1:-4 . “a c..-‘ .' .‘.‘ r‘, -" 0 ads...” ’.UJ‘.» 55.," .I.‘ 2' L31: F- RI, ALL. e..- 3; 4.5-; 31.; 4
r ,‘ I o ‘ o 1 . .-
.-. a. at I . _s' . .-"-4 3"- I a: 1". LI‘. '.a" . " v‘ . '\ I‘Vr ‘y. 0C ' o.‘y O ' . .‘gi(“‘“"
sl' ~‘ " ‘.. (Q 9“‘ "J"; ‘4 -‘,-.~ ‘.I" u. -v' U " v- m‘oA . un‘ ‘. '1. “ l " Q. at .- ..l
u I~ ,- 1- r . o u _|
. . ‘l! - . v . u r- . .‘ ,. . ‘ .. .- I. . g . a . I 5' ~ e '... .
0‘-'. i | ’ ‘I :~.. ‘ ‘4‘ ‘JJ‘ 4-; .J - .‘a'vztl ;'(.lv’ ... I‘l‘ ‘: - ‘I‘n: ‘... "n‘t’ ... ‘...! (J .- I :5. ‘ 'l:-‘ . ~ ‘II
a ~. .1- ‘
. ’.r.'.-'-- ., ',. ....
. "I ' ' J a- . V .‘ . " ts. 1' n u - ‘1 f 3’: "x ‘.| In.’
t " .1- I. 3- . ‘ $ '5 ' '-‘- - .1 -‘ ! ‘... I. .‘ ‘I '. T ”I. I. . ‘...-A .- I. (‘.. a. ,V r: r ' ' -rv, » ‘
“‘.. ‘ -' I’ ‘:J- (’0 3-.( (J ‘..-.I-J(.,| -.\L—‘-J O.) -- iic" .J' 0:“ JJ ‘yA-u 7 'L ... ’...} [0“ k.‘\’. j 93-. I (all; Ll~y ... -..,'r " a
1 s '. . I ‘ v s e .- u . ' . ' ' . P 1‘ f V 9 _' ' ,
" ‘ 'f' ' ' v ' ' ‘ " " r e . ‘ 3* ' . .- ‘ ‘ v ' ‘ _ ('n I r - a . ,. u - ‘ , ’..:
["1 - " '1‘. 'J -L e, -'- :1- 'J -{(J ‘.‘o' ’n'- s: ' COJ. ‘1'. n' u.’ 1"} 61‘; .4 .-~ fol), C ‘. '.‘-.- 'hx ‘,.t."" .I'. t [1(‘.‘ u: '11- '-t
l '- '- o a I ~ ~ . I‘
.2‘..“-' \J - .‘ {i sci) ..‘i J.)
I ‘ ‘s 0.2"1 ‘~ - . a . . n. '0 - -‘ A ‘v . - " . - . 0‘- f- s s.- ,‘, u - at. .\ o .—1_- .. .... n" ‘
Lu!» -...r hiding. ..:.-:.'..:.i. .13., '.. 110;“; .~-..,‘- . 3 _u. 1;». .41.": 31.; l
a. ‘.. "- . -7 as 0?‘ b ‘ ‘ . ... J -‘ . r-gf : ‘. v ,' ._ .3 . . x . - (_
" l-f'w ~ u ...; .:‘-.5 ti: -«..3 ,. -.Ii.-. .IJ. -..»: s. .-: “tin-.1!!! are-,1. I L1; 53 ..-e.!'(.4 '..)
-‘ ’.‘V' 7 ' . ' 'H‘ 9 ‘. - .7‘ '. f " ' ' . . . ”I 3 .- _ 3- . t. (0 ‘ ~"a I ".' I”! ‘ 1." (‘..-l
sl Jjn,‘ ( 3.5-. s._ . ..,£_l‘_’ L. 5‘: ‘.g‘.‘_l. ‘ I" _‘._‘ 31'.-. . ‘. 4 ‘_‘_ ' ’ ‘l -'J".‘_ ,. . . . c. "A "

I.

i.’

...- - ‘ :nv . ' s ..L " ‘ ‘ i. f H - ’ .I ‘ ' I ~
(‘ . . .‘ -- ‘ . ‘ u. '. n . 1 . \t, ’! ‘ t . '1' f -
t ~‘,!a‘.-..-) . ‘5..- 1 ~ . ‘C ¢ _. ...». ...- ) ‘.- --« 1 I (.~ '-'I

17.00

 

:‘ s- F. l". I I V '. . ' - f "—
..'.(J ‘C! -I. ”J ". .f. . . .11; ‘ 0..‘:'. n .11

13m: 1; .2: (er-.13. 5i

"‘L:’."~—".-'..:h“, .i..: l'. .i“ ’4. I.' “ '-A" :-“ p‘.‘e—r'.r:" ,‘(-.
J-.\h ..- 3 J.- )l‘ c"l.....‘.'i.. ..a_'.. A ;-J.‘ .‘fi‘. 3 (nJ __(’ ly&_}_ .ijiLt‘ ° "j‘.

iieq1
hood
nece:
Pravi
exist

lung-

The C

ing outdoor concert and play performances, camping and
diverse others. Out steadily increasing participation
in these activities has amazed observers for the past
twenty five years and never more so than now. Our
outdoor recreation demands have become imperative. We
will need more recreation opportunities and services,
private and public, rural and urban. Facts show that
by 1965 we had already enjoyed 51% more outdoor recreat-
ion experiences in the major activities than we did in
1960. By the year 2000 our participation in summertime2
recreation will be 4 times greater than it was in 1960.
Adequate recreation facilities, ranging from local neighbor-
hood playgrounds to regionalparks and open spaces, are
necessary for the health and well-being of all citizens.
Providi; such facilities requires a careful appraisal of
existing recreation Opportunities and the preparation of a

long-range recreational development plan.

The Chippewa Lake, a 17,000 acre impoundment in Sawyer
County, Wisconsin, has the potential of being developed into
‘13 outstanding recreational opportunity for Wisconsin and
tho Nations Most of the shoreline is presently owned by
the Northern States Power Company of Wisconsin. This area
is largely undeveloped and provides a wilderness aspect
nIlique in many recreational development progrms. The
Chippewa Lake offers many possibilities for recreational

deVelopment .

y

2"0utdoor Recreation Trends"; Department of Interior;
Bureau-of Outdoor Recreation; 0.8. Government Printing
Office; April 1967. pp 3. 5. and 7.

:Dl'.‘.'. _._-I‘.
Af‘ba\-p‘.~i ‘-

.. _-'. . ....
. “d - ‘ s. (a. {A 1: ‘
. ’ 0 I
.' .’ ..' 1 . ~, (1'
‘ a
V.
v. - . o
J u‘ J - I s'
o I '
‘~ . 'si
' . -' f‘.
r’.0 '-..'t. .ns
..
I .'I V
Del- 1 H-“
v... ‘ - "e;. "
, , .. ’

' .A .. .l
i ‘ " .
.U .0- ..." - '.l-
n f g
e I (o' .5 "
ct -‘d—C )nJ- {- 'J‘QJ

e
- , . ..
1 ." 1'
--\’ er. I.
l
\ ‘ .
III :a [0' v- '
\
‘

’
'l r . .
a. 4‘ - '» -“'.-$...‘v
-, .‘ .,
’ s L" O :1

taisvegnu

9- v' s-
. I ‘
e - - I
o~ . 0-114

0
'- ‘N’ ..

I»! e' -i. Jul:

'.‘n'f {- .
" .. .\.‘
~
-V":e e” I ~ 1'
w -‘.ll<!fd - _"
\-

Q.
“ ’ .I' V
's .4- ‘. '. -‘ i‘a.‘
-, ,
1“ r 1;»
‘cf-‘s ‘alv‘“’,‘.'sl,
I .I‘r' .
I “r ,

'r.. ‘.-
«WK-M4137

- - 0-w- ‘.-.-‘- - -..-u“ .--“9 ~o --o..‘~.e-Iue0

{'I

.~- I . ‘ -~
'.‘e'r . s .. _-‘ ., . .u..,
.01 _. mt.-

‘.:f 0m ”.3 -' ‘1";

.o‘ ' . ‘
n..

. \kfl .... ,ka. 4

Retreat
should
resourc
decisio
densely
water r
use may
program
There is lit
and faciliti
because it v.
lent. Whilr
recreation r
“d Open spa
“mat. Hop
.DEEd for 1
0f the jOb.
°PPOrtunity
increases,

belieVe the

States by 1‘

\

,. h. R

V63
hingtm ,

Recreation Opportunity, both present and potential,
should be considered throughout the planning of water
resource programs and be evaluated fully in all
decisions to construct water resource projects. In
densely populated areas and in regions where natural
water recreation opportunities are limited, recreation
use may b5 a controlling factor in water recources
programs.
Zflaere is little evidence of specific recreational land use
and facilities for the preindustrial periods, primarily
because it was an unrecognizable ingredient of the environ-
ment. While most Americans lived in rural areas, their
:recreation needs were easily satisfied by the woods, streams
and.open spaces. Their day began at sunrise and ended at
sunset. However, the advent of the industrial age produced
a need for recreation, because of less exercise and monotony
of the job. With each reduction in the work week, the
Opportunity and need for additional recreational land
increases. Table I shows what the leading authorities
believe the expectations of leisure time to be in the United
States by 1976 and 1980.

*

3The Report of the President's Water Resources Policy
Commission;” A water Policy for the American People'k
'Washington, D. C.; 1950; p. 256.

 

., . , . [n , v 1
C _' n- -15 .I( : . L. I i -. x a! ( ‘-. .~.0 ‘ ( - '
. . I
:s .l .a . I. -- I ' -"--’ is"- l l t . D‘ I ' -- (i x‘
K
3 a I. |
‘\ K, ‘I' _n_.‘ 1‘ s I .l l l' ' ‘ k '. ‘ 4‘
~. ‘ . §
“.1. 03.-.; i“ 1. (i s a a .):/,J to ‘a J ['4 t l ' v. 3 '
......OCIOCOD -,
3' .. ,"a " ‘ . ' “I
1,3-.7' “ a J I, l . I l l .'- a ."l.. ‘ ‘ C 4v, ‘4‘ "‘
- l ‘.. _ .‘ .n , ..
( ‘ - I, ‘ it ( I. ‘ o I on s K -' - ‘ — ’ ' ! lb, ,i, ‘..} l t ' 0 u . ‘ ‘ ‘ '2 J ’
. r
r

e;._-:r‘,,_5L-.'3 :'-. - ‘;:'J, n-.. .1'. _:'1.:-i.._’_€-'...‘z-i'l. 51:3 ...“v'l 31°33 Itm

‘- ..1, .'.‘,L{..i.:’. m
ivgmrk week
Discrety.leisu

 

v "“
" " r I. ‘ w .. -. j ~ - . - - - ._ ' 'z': 13.).
. ., L .- J - . - - we , . ‘ ’ ‘ Paid vacation
. . . , , , Paid holidays
5.- ', . u ,. '..: . i ‘.14 e- .-‘...Jli..',(..‘.....- .1 .
”t L - . I v : . Ye _ ‘PJ . 1 la . {1‘ (I.)O'.L.f\.lu’ a, ..a $.34" :‘ ~ “"L '3'.) ‘(i Sources
I
. , . ,, ‘ _ .. .. _ mhtein, Davi
‘.o..'- (2:! ‘1'”) 44:; .'. .'.‘.‘.'..1 . 1'-_ L. . :\1 —‘—_L LL11 i3L-’ -f.-‘l;“ '. .a'f. i. ‘ c .J_'.- 1.. . .» .4I.‘x . in" Project '2
.r . ~~ . .r: .. . . . - . ,. .. . .. . RWY“ Develc
‘~ -- c t i , 1-J';""J. ..2...'.lf.osf.. '-;,\-.¢.L.-'l .';-L U.‘ e.:.':.Ha 1.:(‘.-.-.1’. '-.-.. .-'-
- ) I oi ' J a 1‘s 0 :6. .D a' J (.2. \\" 9": _ ' .i‘.‘ Q | .s h if. {I \ (I ( ' :5 Sin U 1
“ ' ' CC or d We
.. «33:. U15. '3. 453,532.13? 4.}. 4.53 '.(- Lib-..‘JLJ'. :iu‘J ,Zjiitvt.-':s(.~;. .23 will“;
" need for recre
.‘».-._:\1.'.-? .,L -..i “: ..-:flhi': izfa «3:; . '.. wiring ”33' ‘ail-.13“;1331-22: 2‘ 1.1:... f. ere-[i f5 .
Vision of mu.
'.. t. . . \' I ‘1 ‘3..." {Al .. 41':ai'-J..X 1 .H J 3.1:; -2. . :0 L. a! -1 {J

The Ippea-

5%)".-3: Sham--1):‘.e;'_.;-.,_. -i-::.'..o_‘.:;-"I‘T.i;ir: to 1-1-1; ‘..-us "_';L:jiurm';'a;,z'§vr. 0fthe10
ecome ma

zz'.';;.1‘-::e:;;:;: it. i .',.:_1. p253 xii..." 2:..<;;;ti2. J. Julia‘si .c=..;;.6.".-r'r.a POisoned-

73° “811m
, , . . A ,_ '.- :~ _ , ,. .- .~ ‘ '.«-
L.-.f.i.l 4,"; 1.1-: La": ('5 . --i' ,. 4 -'-‘~-’ ""‘5-e 4""“"‘-'(J)'° " ""“ ‘ (““14 ' ' d‘ily 11f

“8 a
aU-Dfii 1.31;.) “.“‘.'..L "‘ii : 33:3» becme no
M‘the

‘--.... . -n-OvO«-. “a-‘fieu-uvo ' -

.. . . _ a, r - . ,. : . . . a. S;-
‘ '., .5 - ’ . II: . ' ;'. cl! 0“ '\. ..‘ I: -.‘ 0'. ‘.a \' ' '~ . -x '..: - "- ' -L : :.I,4l’\l .’ \' 5) --‘a. ;-‘ ' '-' " “' qer con 1
c - at
I '.i' . ' .» I, "0 .. ' r " ' .‘ 'i- .- ' D' .. - \~" _ -. I" ‘ a
‘ .. g .l - ,- \ " - —- ~ a..-” u ’ ‘ (-J .- -
" u C ' l " “5 . r'l
. {—-. . \J . ‘ gs .' ‘IJ‘Ju A ., 1 I.)

4
TABLE I

United States Leisure Projections

 

 

 

CLAWSON ORRRC
Item Unit 1956-1980 1960-1976
isure ,
Avg.work week Hrs/Employee 40 32 38.5 35.4
Discrety.1eisure... Hrs/Week 30 38 N.A. N.A.
Paid vacation Wks/Employee l 2.5 2.0 2.8
Paid holidays Days/EmPloyee N.A. N.A. 6.3 8.5

—f

Source: Reserach Report_ 42: Natural Resources:
Hilstein, David N.; "Michigan' 8 _Outdoor Recreation and Tour-
ism" Project '80 - Rural Michigan Now and In 1980; Dept. of
Resource Development, Michigan State University, 1964; p. 15.

Since World War 11'. there has been a great awakening to the
need for recreation, and a tremendous increase in the pro-
vision of recreational facilities.

The appearance of a demand for recreation is evidence
of the loss of environmental integrity. When residences
become mass dwelling machines and factories become
poisoned prisons, the "natural life" becomes an ideal.
The ugliness of the places we pass through during

daily life stimulates a yearning for purified beauty
during a period of rest. "Natural" and "beautiful"
become notions attaching to .a part-time recreational
existence.

Sawyer County has 136 named lakes (a total of 54, 377 acres)
With 61 public access points. Approximately 27 per cent
of the lakeshore in the county is part of the Chippewa Lake.

Only 8 per cent of which has been developed.5

k “William L. Thomas,Jr. editor; Man's Role i9. Changing
eFace of the Earth; (Chicago: university of Chicago Press,

19567 p. 897. -

5U. S.Department of Agriculture; "Lake Chippewa Flowage
Report": 1967: n.

., ...
.‘c \“ .0.
I ‘ p
.' ' , I. '_ \
”4‘“ ‘ ‘ 1 a a _ I -4 a I w ‘

.n".‘~_n-~~‘~~——---~*’---H----na-.-

.-—--—-~~---------‘—---~----~-

‘ - --~ 0 - a- v 0- ~. 0 n a D~ - O C 0- - 0 ~ ~ .- - -§ 0 .- .. on- Q ‘~-'- .- n a u ...- a- s“- n _. 0-. -u e- c - .0 U --.- - Q . - D' C .- O
I .. ‘
, I - c‘-
a I t
I .1 I
a -. ' . N “ ‘k— ‘- ~‘ - 3 . .1 -1
c o n O Q n a a I. . ....- .-a - - n n o .- g g. - O... - en“ ..- -.-- -..: a n o I h- g o - Q Q . .. . ..-... g - n—y - ...-Q- -.~---_-
.
a ‘ hk‘
us. u n o - 0 ti
. I Q-
. . ~ '
-" x I, c
l . ‘.— ..- ta! 0 - 1 - a . v - ‘ a j . a
I h ‘ ' ‘§ n p. . s .-
0 o :- a o i - - - x . a a a. . .. - o - - ..
g I a a
‘ v 'u n . - i ' \ a~ I ~'}
t a . g .. Q -. I _ . \L-. a . 5 .. e 1
.
a \ a a
‘. v r , a
l v
a" 0 ~‘ 0 on a n .‘ -. I. 3 .- ¢ ' . -..‘ .- t.
o - u

-.--”v- A- O~. - O-g. D on ----Ic.--l ~--~. '. ~~ a- ..~v .-.“. cube -.M‘. b - “-7. O “0-- Co - -l.<---.. ”C'--fi-‘ .-. ~0-dw-o-v- ‘.--fie '

z . V ! . 'k‘ . é" . l_ : a. :‘ '- . _ I . ‘ I ; ‘ A:. ' l I g u
- - b - .- - .‘ - . ,. . - - . - - g... h a- - gr- '..-Q. a . n '0 . -c-n ... g g
a ,_ u "
ne- '1 7 ' a! 9 a ’ t i ' u . ‘ ’ t . J
‘elle- 5“ --. .‘ \" -c a 1' '. . ‘.. ‘-' u.e ,a . ... -.-
O
— " J I S ' c - ' ' ’ ‘ Inn ' ' " ‘
— .s‘ ' ‘ " _- ..a ' ‘ I ‘ n G . n' -L I"‘- ‘ I'nn " a
i c.
. C D -
I w- t . I"‘I ~- I V s ‘I 1‘ I . r '
.1‘__' . c ‘- -- t \I \. - ~--'0 \ ‘ I 6 I .- 1‘ ‘ K“ ‘ ‘ .-e I I 0 ~ -.' ‘ '
I . ‘1 " l m
-- v - " - - - f. u , 1 n '- P “v- ,
-~| ‘ ~“ ‘ : .’ 6 ‘1 " .l \I a J ' r ‘f 5 E‘si . i a.) J Ja — a. ‘ _- - I .
. ‘ \ rs
r ' ' r g. , ‘ .. b . e a . a I V' n '
-"-~ —' - u ‘- - ‘0'. \ "" 1 I Joe; E' .. 1.“) et'. --.J J '. -~l.— L ‘ as
I. . a - I . I '. ' .
"'.. ‘- I . \‘. ‘ns . - I_n‘rw . -. -. - _> V'
.I.. '...-J- _,\__'.-_«.,g -‘..‘a..'- ....J- '. ’-..-l. .u(‘ a.I{'.-\--H~V
r, . ’. ‘ . ‘ L _ ‘.i , I u
a ‘ . . .
J .1 .. e ’ \a-- l:(‘ -.: .. . . - k‘u a. ...: e' a ..'.\J '-‘l ' ..II a J... J-
r‘ l
, '. _., K . f . f - r .}
\n ‘ ,‘ ' .. ‘.a - ' I . ‘: 51.».- ‘.ii" . sllo‘ '3 ‘6 - — I: “ - ’.- 9 5", .. - no..-) - '4'
-
' ‘ ' ’ ’
_ " s | r e . ‘ a I 0 -\¢
’ a L‘. K- .- - ‘ ‘-I'Ja - L-o...- ' {a 1 .--l-' l rlr D an.’. .1 I‘ . .‘ -' (u a. o a!
s v f s - " n . ' | i O . O
" ‘ V‘ '-. "V.- ' ‘ ' ‘ 4" .'-"" ' I" . ." iv ' '. ' c‘ ‘. '..! I I
9-.” ... L": c.‘ a .‘1 7.; "J '.A. .. L ‘-.: ..’,n.' .94“ ‘ucix' “9.1.! ‘ 'L“ but”;
. a- o . ..
2 ' .. , .c n . ‘.u . .. ..I ..s‘. , e. .I , I . .- ,
I u- - ' . I ' J‘ I I Q . o l I J J ‘LI )‘vot ' ’-a a ' - 13...; -. ..— ‘... . ’..l (o'- .l. -'- , . g r. i " o'-
, s ' I . '-. a '. . a ,—
‘ v' . o. l v t [p _ cw ,, . . .. _, _. ‘ - ... ‘- e
,. .l,‘ a ‘..: 3 -‘. . .. --l i .. .. | 11.. a J ) '.- n ‘a-.’Ja0.&’cl.v .' .. 1.. - .‘...-Q -L ' 4.. c‘v,
r. , ~ . ‘~ - q .; y
u I r ' ‘ 9n " ',.-" . - .. ‘ . o -:> s . y
. -' - .. .u-‘-.r..7‘a '.Il [‘- .‘..J-\..rl H10 IJCI '4“ a!) L.‘!.¢'.,'c...-..-“:' i} tea-x J"-
I
| e . ‘ .. f -g, '.. ,. - p .. .‘ ,. .. ... -. , . . ? -l ,_ e .- . —
. . . , - z - l ,3 ' . -" ; . . -4s ’-
o‘. - L — w. I JI“ ‘.L a'J-v. J “J ......‘t ’.. ‘r‘.l .V_Jv...-'iv'!"l§‘ .I 1’ Ls‘J‘4,. .1; ‘.‘l '...‘4 ”pg":
a _ 2
O ;rlr' 2' ' a
. . n I ’u- d o n a
' . .. . . \ _ 3- r \ .. . i ’ I -
. , .~ _ e _. _ ' ', ,_.- .2 o. A .. , a. '1 " ‘ 1," '-
\-\. 1. Jr; a k 'c.' . -‘.~,J -L.3u:\)-J as) L. n al.‘ 4. . {3 e--. 0 .a.‘ ‘ 5’41 t.‘ .. ‘_
H
o‘ a I - o " -
. . . - -e. -. .'-. ... .. - . '.' - .. ‘
‘ . a . I. P ‘ ..Y‘ J"' ‘ . ' ,' v ’ , ‘ ‘ ,3 . u a = , I . J . ,
‘~ ‘ " ‘ ‘ \ ' ' ‘I -'1‘ v m ne$ 0 II . (Q .I It“ . n v ‘ s I ‘4. .1... \.e n J V .3. a 3- n v
' r .’ I s _ ..l o . I . .. . ' -
‘ es - " » . ~. ' ‘ v -,
. n... J " e A\' . \.a -." .J “(.0 ll. ’. n," ‘1, (I -1. I .. :7.'.()"‘-,:”-“ ‘J r. ‘3 - (J
a- o
4'
.‘
C ~ v-
‘ ( ’ | /.‘| ’ t " .. a u. t " 5‘ .‘ 5 ‘ r a
. ’ ~‘u- ‘ '-’ ‘ ‘ ‘a'J‘é .1-I-‘ I a .U‘. l‘Aul I '3 s - no
.
o AID-I “a. C e' C ~---—.'- 9‘ -. A‘-~ Q-.—. I
I. 1 '{ 4 ‘| _ v '. r o i I' . ‘.. an-T " (as '.f‘l‘ T ‘ . I - 0
. _; .A‘ '. ‘ . . .~. , -
v ‘ 1 In- .. ' U k. - < . l'-'. . J . u' a ‘.v.-‘ A: '....- .I r '3 “-.- -J-‘n‘ .
n I I n' o - - ...— - ‘.- s. b - a- . o o -. -.--H ‘
. a
l' ‘ 'a " " a e r . , . u , -‘ f , .,’ ‘
Q A: a . ‘ I - . It. ' ‘.. n' .. ‘.. n J, ... ‘ 3. “3.. ,I,’ ‘ y“. l “ I_' l . ‘ ‘1
‘ ‘..-...c-‘s O v-“~.-- o‘au - o-a . o- a so--.
. . 3
, , ..
' I a I
- ‘ 1‘ -
. . . . .5 K
r ' T‘s ’ a - > ‘
v5 {3 I ‘ n a r - . --' ------ . .e .I_ . '1' -
' " ' ~ .3 I 3 - l-“ ’ I -’ -".' ‘I 1y; .LIt‘u‘. C ‘ “ A \ ‘ ‘1 . ' it ‘1. h 'I‘IV- { ’ / O U

Toe Deparnnen
County will r

picnic sites W
in the year 19

trails and bea

l'nere are many»
in; the demand

Increased
approxima
to $6,570
1959 doll
an increa
Present t
about dou

Not only
flailing :-
0f the pa:

APProadmat
United Sta
'utlatica
DeP‘mnent
8elected 1
billion dc
United St:
1964 it ha
billion dc
"lption q

5

The Department of Resource Development states that Sawyer
County will require 51 additional public campsites and 180
picnic sites to satisfy projected demands for these activities

in the year 1980. This plan also calls for additional hiking

trails and beach acreage to meet the 1980 demands.6

There are many social and economic forces which are affect-
ing the danand for more recreation facilities. They include:

Increased Family Income: Medium U.S. family income has
approximately doubled since 1950, from $3,320 in 1950
to $6,570 in 1964. After adjustment in terms of 1957-
1959 dollars, these incomes become $3,960 and $6,080 -
an increase in purchasing power of 54 per cent.

Present trends show purchasing power per capita to
about double each generation.

Not only is the dollar volume expended for recreation
growing rapidly, but it is increasing as a proportion
of the personal consumption expenditures.

Approthately sixty billion dollars were spent in the
united States for recreation-tourism in 1964. A
statistical series maintained by the United States
Department of Commerce estimated total spending for
selected recreational items at eleven point three
billion dollars in 1950; this was 5.8 per cent of the
United States personal consumption expenditures. By
1964 it had increased to twenty-four and one-half -
billion dollars and 6.; per cent of the personal con-
sumption expenditures.

6Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources; "Public
Recreation on the Big Chip"; 1968; p. 8 -

" 7Blank, Gunn, and Johnson, Johnson, and ROY Inc.;
Guide-lined for Tourism-Recreation in Michigan's Upper
Peninsula"; Novanber 1966; p. 18.

”:1 I

, - c'

. 1- ' r; ’ "v‘ f ' " V . ’ II -1 "‘ " . o I
I.. . ~ .3' I .J $.7.‘_a'-9.~' ... - I ‘ .‘J“‘4l .."J J u‘ - O J‘ - - VV
‘

 

.. . n - , - . . o '
.. s-‘ .7 ~ . . . ' ‘ ". " ‘. 7 .« v ‘ ' "' u ' ‘_ ' '.‘i" ‘
’.IK -ssl‘-.‘b(- ~— ‘ .‘ ’ 'l (bl-J -L(_ o— \l‘ 1.5“! ' 4 l ‘. 'I' ~.'._L ‘ .v . ' duo.- IO... \‘sl. .- ’-‘I ‘A ' “‘t"":.’l 1"
‘I v .
fi
- t O u ‘ ' I A c .I r _. r
. I c - t ‘Fql c n a, - 3 - \ ‘IV .. ' O
I v - J ‘ -- l ‘.. ul— -" .' ..\ Jo "wsJ‘ iv! ' ‘5 ‘.. . ‘i?.-a ' '-‘p -- . ‘ ‘ ‘ J. I""’"‘ . 1’.‘ l -. i
a ‘ on
.1
\l v , . _ , l .‘ .-- a
. , . . . ', . . ~ -. ,_ , . p ,. .—.r . -: ; - ; ...
cc. to.“ .,s,~ _ ' s. _‘ ....,.m.- t -- :5: ...) .. ‘- t.‘...-‘4‘..:.I 1‘1 n c...-' ”....n
.. '
pa.
$ 1 n h f I. ;\ I p ' ‘.. ", A‘ o I 11 d v . ‘ 'o ‘ ‘ll ‘ up‘
A " .1 ‘ - .J F S . ..1 J¥ ‘J J» 4i -- l'.r‘ (J5-'{- ' ‘ a [Atl' 'ui .a'~-"L"'.C . ‘~5'5 - ' r ‘t .‘ ‘ 1
I. \
'11 ‘
n
u - q 3 n ' ' ' ' ‘5‘
~ ‘ 'V'. ' ' ‘ ' ' . I . ' ' ‘ - ' ' ‘ . ‘ : a , 4 I h
i ov’. ‘-‘-. .olJ-'. . t .- .t.. ~ ..‘.-I. -L..:.l"-'t '4‘ '.‘ ~‘.‘ ’J '4. Ca (‘ a .q‘ .. I.‘:!')' h" "' J 5 .'.1
a
. \ ' N u ‘ . , I “ ' 2 r ‘ I ' .l
- . ..' . ' t - ‘ - '
I l J - I ‘.v'nlq'- x .'.. .. I' O ‘ C J “(’...—l1 O "' ("“IAJ- ‘ ‘..-!‘ OJ -‘ ‘w' ".A-'-' .J 1"
i-
f‘ ' A -. ‘ ' ‘ ' ' t . '
y '_ r. I ‘ ’ v I ( I ’l V ( » I’v—gvl- f‘
uh I I. .3. 14.. ‘ .(U. . ' 1 —\.0'. c "f o'.-.‘ ' 'JJ.‘ Ll ‘-.k‘I-‘(~ n s’. ‘.D. .l o o ' -“.""
‘ ' C
I . 7 ‘. , ; g . 1' - ' .. ' 3 §
I . I - a -. c '. I. ' v ‘ . . -
Ii "". -~.I. - v r.’ J J ... ..vh - ‘ ’ ‘Ia .' ,;_,_. .. "..‘ “'-. J\.,".,"“ LIJ

c - c v . - Q ~- ‘ .
- . A:
. , . -, , h . .- . .. ., _ a 13'»
...:n '-.: .L ‘ . '. ..L' -. . 1' . .1“, “n '.J :1; ' n J. .-.", . .- LII .'. ‘..Fb "
‘ ..
I
b -
. ,, , ., I _ Q ~ . . - .‘ 0 r‘. . ’. ...
I -l I..‘. ‘ >1) ...: ~~ ' ( " L'.“J..Au: ix "” .“‘!".t \o'-‘ - u J‘-|-’l. ..1 ~ I
It , u 3 '
l-' r I _ n - . .

.‘ :O‘aL-u‘. V’- . ‘1‘}, .1 [l ‘ ’.:_'~ I} '-v ‘1’:L~’ 3

‘ A -| .‘ I . ‘ I ‘ ' .f A‘. - ' '.. ‘ ;—' ‘.- .' k... e - .... ' " " I“: . ‘l ‘ I

1L. .. I 0- . t-. -- ’. C. . J .’ .‘n ’.-‘ / -.I.J-¢-L('ll ”1.... L. -‘--fi‘.‘ dub!
b ‘

., ' . . _ Z . r . .' ' .\ 4,. _ ‘ r ‘ .. . . ... a. .

14‘. - s‘ - I. J‘ - i: 'l' ‘1' . I!‘J-\J" ’o‘ 1:.- 'I'I ..‘o'n ‘ -‘ Ir‘ ‘ " .‘.“.‘l SJ “,~{\- ‘| u I.
. ‘ . . , . u ‘ . _ ‘. ‘.. t ‘ . . . "3" ‘.. . 3“,
as. -.l'..-J.~:1 ". 9 :3“ 5.4'-""£J'o3.'( -3 .... .1 L. \ Law .1.“ MO
2'“
,w
. ' o .‘ , .... p." 1' l- 3 ' . l 4 ' _. ‘ _' . 0‘ ._ . ' 4',
In .. l.«_. .II, " '1 -1 .~~ '0: '.c —' ‘-..—'.. ‘1 ‘3' '- —--’ “ :5“ ‘-. * ~ -L~\.‘n” .' -‘lu‘Ir ‘ ’0‘1’
.4. . , . '_... l‘ _ 1‘ ..,_ '.. 'T ,. 4,..- ' . ,3; 6 a
.. o. J --. ---. J~|u.’ - ML’V ..(x _ -1 u...-. .l “‘..—L V..-.'-)‘l-l .. .. .‘.IJL-' ,IU

- y .. u a

‘ -. 7". ~ " ‘ : ' r '.. - ' _ -‘ -. l~" s...» "..' . I _ . ‘.. . -5 ~. -\ 7. '._.‘ A
g. .~..;...;.. . I.‘ '.3..E.J. ~':-.-'. L‘. 2} a). y ...£.¢.;...J-~t f...i.3..'..‘s.: J..h.v...‘,'- .J \.J.J;‘..Ju 1,5,.)

, ’. "7 .‘ .. .‘ - .s ' , .q .. ‘-. . ‘ . J L- -. .» ... -..“, .'
.; .Io- a ‘-". '~"-‘:.‘: ;’I -.::~23.‘9; 1': 0' -ll‘: '-. .J -_‘:'P :JA‘-"c”-‘;AIJ :(.;‘-I. . :1. H‘- "' ‘! t .‘P‘!‘ 10133

" n .- "". I: I " '.. "' O.-'- l . - t 'rr 1 '..-0
1.1!”... _ _-_._, -‘ 1:1, ‘.J J. ... a , . (_ g', [3‘ f (._.1V.. K ‘:."_' .a. 1'14 0.; A ~‘.).-.‘. A z . 3 3..‘ ‘J-J_ -.. J. U 20,031

i 7' ' r r r -" | 1 v . ...; ‘ ‘.- . ; .v“ .-‘. i. ,' - t. ‘ ,_ . .'- ‘ . '.. ‘- _ c h ...-r.
5" . ‘I‘ ' "‘1‘"- d’4’ “1 1“ .l-o'l' :a"o' 3"(I\" ""' 1!." ‘ is 'x“=\.‘ (' -.-' 'i.‘ (0:). 0,..'\~ fr’ 1J'-“J“. 1“) J 9A,
: . ‘J
:. i. a" . _ h . " -V n - . --' n . .J ,- —.l .- . _ . - .- - . .' .-\ -. o'. D .‘ ‘v .0 r \
-‘.-'-..«.'..."";l.-h 3-11:4 .'..-'n'..s.;." , 4115...: (.~. ‘..‘}~4:.‘o.'- .o.._'3:.3 : {1 .5 flat J.
.

x H . -§ ' h -- . a .- 0 ;
‘. a. .’.:-' .‘.»~-. ‘ ..- - .' '.-"". o- . p .- ..‘r ' ".... ' ' ‘ . . ..-
“5 -(—-J _!.l"d( '.a ...- 3'; fot.J -' '. --l..;:’ .‘-‘D€': '.. |.' 161.“: b.’:':.’. .l.;.l, 5.. ‘.. _J. ,1: .3 Sou,‘
K

\ '... c.

14-. 0‘ “Lil ‘ .r‘ -- ‘00-0-00 Gun... ...—-2- cup--.-. .I-~O Plan]
‘9‘
§ 0' p t . . . ‘4' 0-, .' .- C'o -5 .n- ' v - . '6 ‘i6
' .. . . g5- -' .lJ1'Kio“ . -13.: L- .s'.’ 511‘}! Jun , “‘~ :i.1.\‘."o\"-5~'¢-. -'
J. v z - .}' I! " " .'2 . ;r‘ “ "."A s‘,“} ‘ ' ’F '2‘ 9:. ~ ‘ 'v ., , f
'| . ' ‘ v‘ ~' . u - ‘I "-)p’- l ’.0 ‘-_. . ’0'. I "n vJ :3 ,, ‘ k1,}... ,J. _‘ _'. .-o. c" '.
' -' _ M ‘ . . . . (. Pom
go“, -' ‘1' ‘ b", ‘:'('c.’. ' ~‘ta tn":‘ 1"“ a I fa ‘SHU.’~'. c I_“I,.:.’L.
' . a ‘ '\ ‘ ' " ~ " . - .-‘ 0 tv GI. p u . . .' b 2 - I
'.J "J ‘I: ‘ ‘.'. .. f."".b ’.. {1“}. -' ‘30:] “‘ '- '-‘ ‘ ‘ o'l”".‘o.h .‘r _ ’o)‘.a-$ ,‘.': :9 -‘ i'.

6

Various studies have shown that as this average income has
risen an increasing proportion of it has been spent on
leisure activities. Changes in income bring about recreat-
ion activity, diversitifcation, and modification. Total
participation in outdoor recreational activity also moves
up at a greater rate than does income as the economic level

rises. Some of these income changes are shown in Table 2.

TABLE 2

Actual and estimated percent of consumer units in each
income class, 1947, 1957, 1976, and 2000.

Per cent of Consumer Units

 

Income (1959 dollars) 1947 1957 1976 2000
‘Below 2,000 15.6 13.8 7.5 4.2
2,000 to 3,999 21.2 20.8 10.6 7.8
4,000 to 5,999 26.3 23.8 13.2 7.6
6,000 to 7,499: 11.4 14.5 11.3 6.8
7,500 to 9,999 9.9 13.3 17.8 13.1
10.000 to 14,999 6.1 8.8 22.9 25.5
15,000 to 19,999 1.6 2.6 8.2 15.9
20.000 to 24,999 0.8 1.0 3.8 8.0
2.5..900 and over 1.1 1.4 4.7 11.1

 

 

Source: "Economic Projections for the Years 1976 and 2000",
Part llI,-1’ab1e 11, "Income Size Distribution, "National
Planning Association, included in Projections £9 _t_h_e_ Years
1976 and 2000, ORRRC Study Report.

POpulation Growth: From 1950 to 1960 the population in

the United States increased about 19 per cent to almost 180

Ilillion and has a projection of 350 million for the year

 

1:11

NW

‘ a . O ‘
, . “3 _ ~ __ ,, . , ‘, . ,, . . r .- r ‘. ‘ -__ . . . -~‘r-.
“ ... _ " ‘1 ,'. -1, J .‘ A ~, ,7 . . #3-”...1 u,..1 .. g r. -.f 1.; ‘1"..1 I, ,.- ‘, ;‘1-« $1.11.}. ..1 .. $141),” .1 L" I

_, ‘ .- - . . v ' " gra‘
.. f - . . f , ‘ , . ~ « 5 -..‘ A . ' .‘ ~ _ t R ' ‘ ‘ ‘ 5' fl . ’ " '
5.4; -11 .- 4'. 1:. ..‘H ...... .J.'2_ . L7 3:1-.-PML. the." . ...:w :71: . h- “L: 3.15., .15.. I
. .1 ..
...,..... r. .p , ...-” 1 , - ” -".- , .1..u.h . ..., 7.: d:
...“I. ’.... _ ‘ “,r"'.‘lf.“‘ 1.1 .. .. I . l‘u'. . "._'_ Q.}‘ I)‘, '..: ...' J J.’ ‘V ,', ...: .' rt .v.l.c‘°.r. J46.
.. . , o - ' r v ' ' ' ‘ . ’ ' ' K ' . »' . calm
.---. a: 1,— -~.-" . - . . ~ 1| -I. .59.‘ - , ’- -".""“"" . , '..," , *1 ' -r in '5 ,7
.3. .V,~JL. j. . {'.(1.’- _f _-,.‘ _. 'a'. I ' t 11., ( .‘_". _‘. 1.04.. .'._.‘D.'_ '1.) ..“t _‘ ‘Y . I) ‘ 9..“ ck 1 3'1- \’ 'a‘ " "‘ o'-
r . -, - r- ' -. 4 ‘ - ’ ' ' ’ ’ -' 1 l
_‘ .v; ._ . .a ._ _’ ,p . ... .. .. I. . . ‘ ,I .. .. u- .. . ' ‘ ' a I . , I I v - In -.
‘ws :7 .' 9 - . ‘ l.- -‘. ' <1" .2 i’ t ed ..0'./‘) .‘l ).I|(‘J.s‘ . ' ,’ .‘ «J . 4‘ -1 (1" .«'e.‘ 11‘! .J.‘ ..‘t-‘g‘. -- £’(~ JJ. e, --' 4'" s.a
. k . 7 . _, ‘ - ~u ‘. ' an ‘ ”‘ ’-‘ .I. " r. ‘ ’” ‘ . " " ‘ 8 l
J» t ,3, -‘ -.- l ('..:" I j "‘ ‘J V . '-’~ ‘... 5‘ t.- l. L" 1 r ‘1‘!) :‘~3""‘* " :..:’ '3 I” 2" J |# I t .
I
‘. v, :- .. . “ 1 .- l ‘ ,- . I O" o (. {0‘ ' 1 5 I P .' ’ l‘ ‘ d. 1 ' ‘P . ' ' . ‘ '
. a) . -. . l.’ .'. 3., p’n l.‘ . . n"..-1 .' -A.’ - \. ‘A'A ‘ ‘ 5‘ ...} :.' a L‘\'.--:Ja v." ‘1' .3 '--J 0' I! 5- I L '-' | . "l" 'l ‘99- 1
v)- . 0 4‘4 “’1
-. 1 ‘..... .v’. 1
. 0‘ I . . . 7' t . | .1. ‘ a. ‘ ‘ a 1' ’~ I . I ' ' " " 'In‘ ‘0‘ " W '.. “' '.N" '1
it .171 ‘ $2-. ..-9 -9.‘AJI - a... he I '1." J.‘ . ~01 , ’ .‘e “ IJ\ ‘.., J (l' l 1- ‘9 3 -‘¢ IJ’ ‘11' '

 

. ... . ‘ I . ‘ . ,-a -‘ , . ‘.. f . ' . .
m‘ 1 n‘ , - ~ ‘. . . , - ,‘ -. l5 ' . , . .
9) '..) l'.' ... -I> .J L9 I ‘J \ ‘. -1. ( |\ \s. '-_ ‘L ‘ \ I ' -~\ ¢ 5‘.“ E l.’-'. ..J ‘ .1 1': t!“

.”.C--~H~~-~—~n~”~-—n-a--_--~—-~-~~n--——~—~-—~~----~n~-—--~n-
. ..- O ‘ I v e.- ,. . ‘wn-De. .-._‘- ’.. -C‘ O O 9 --..-§- .0... e n g as. -----'-4.I.-».- up-‘-.-.¢ --.- Q . ‘ -.. '.- -..,

«..- ;.2:...;:1 '...-s P091

.

o . ' a
‘ ‘ ' . . 4 ' ' .. ‘z . '
I.. ..2 -'. e. h: o‘. I.‘ ' 1'} t.{ '5: K I IV
'- I 4 n _ .. .- . ‘ . . g ‘ 'r .3- \ s

r

01.x .- 1"- .-.-'-. 1-1.7. 1-zu‘. k": ...} ..; maul For:

I‘m

. a- a« v o . g .4. p ’. ..- . n -V - .— .a ‘5 -. v _-- O O -a« -c I -~ 0"-.. -. -.- --~-ur-.~‘o‘~ O .---- .0 - to» .~-‘- --- a. .44-».- .. 09.1"- in“ -“nla ~
. a -. v- ‘ - ‘.. , n "’

' ‘ _ .: ‘- f , a r '. ‘J‘ '3‘? fr .‘1 In'

...'.' L. b I.:. ...... V;- ....‘. . \ ‘~) I .--.I ‘\ ‘

| I. ‘~. 0. I" | . r. g '4' .5. ._ ' n >
. I

" ' ' . 1 ;. = ‘- ' ‘1
5... \ II. '-. ‘..‘VI-I. «en. 3* .'. 'bi.(.-v 0‘3 k)‘=\1‘.z.

.g. . ._...._:. L. :‘J. :--. .11. - -"l‘¢ \ "-73 3‘": J

‘ ‘ . -- ' 'f - i.‘ ' - I . "I ‘ 1' - 1|. ‘1‘» 3.. , v
..v'. o ..i. p \ J. 3.. Q '..). x g ‘. \. . 1.. ( ‘. f. -1? \J'vk. ‘ \ Obi:
", V ‘ ‘. ‘ 1‘ -. ‘ ‘ ’ ' 1 ,. ,Ix " . v 1 "9 ’. I
1...... . .., .1... 1.2: ...-J. uJ ULM,-..-.E Ind}
»' ‘- 5 '.'- '- I .- '. r .' - r - ' _ ‘ .
. . “ ... - . . {.2 fl . ‘ I. "' . .:I 1 ‘~ ‘ L 0". t- 3 K}: [‘4' ‘ ) t L i 1111
"' " 'Ia ‘ ' .la '.'7 ‘I " “I. 0‘."‘ I .
~".. . {-.L- “ .-'- ""."l 9'...-'. ‘V‘ei ‘Pj ‘... '.1'll,‘\’nua m:
‘ . ‘;' '5' \ 1" i t k e : 117:}qu ‘ r "'1 1‘. U L: " v m

-. u on .. ... 1.9. .1
g...«.-..-.- y ...s- o .. -,.. -..-4-.-..-.-..-vI-. a-Ov-O' o. o u o o-. .‘ODC‘- . O“. -0 --~.---m -.~-.'a. Us 99...». .- -..‘I—zu- ---- Orv- ...-0‘“-

. “H:
1 a 4 a , . . ~ . _ '
‘ . . , a _ ‘, ' I . ..'. I \ :

z‘ .,.~:. m-.. e...“ 94.4 313:. <::uJ.'.;f."»‘3;,0's-. e...a'.-.um_.-:r. 3533111513.;

;‘, _ .o,.:-¥‘ ,. . '.... -'....--, 'f-, ~..;‘ , . .... t- . '..'.,0,'1 ~»-.-.- .1. ..v \
-.. ‘... . -3 an ‘ .('..-'-'1"-.'.. a... a... 5.; .‘.'.'-...;.1. ..ii’ 1.13.3. ‘..J. 19).“ -. .14; a: 13.: a.

"‘ " ..' ' 1“.' . “I. ' ' t '|'- '.‘r ,'I .r 1 4 F 0‘... - .. V ‘. -' a. :-- .r r39. 5' .1 v. -- u-o "F.“

10" 1 ‘ * 1 ' 'u' ‘.I-' ‘6'4'11'.\{ --'-_‘ .‘ .‘ . ‘1-4. 99-. . ‘1-‘J. ‘1“1J. {‘4‘ .3. ‘9- J-u‘: J ft" ‘..-Iva 0. [-0.' ‘Ju "-21-.- Q

h D .0 an oeu- au.--.--a --. o . o-.—--¢- - 0. fi .1. -‘

_ , _;.‘ ..- I' :_.- I y“; ". . -'."‘2'f""
,J_1.ig......'. 1.131.345. 5......»5' ‘31 9’1}... 11145.. L‘r‘.}. o l

a I' h . _ ‘ ‘ - u 7. . I -.-,. '..- ‘. ?‘ a " — -'$ . .'~ . . -‘ ~ " ‘ p. ‘.
.4.’ :.(_.I,.__.,:._z.£.'gL:-f "“J V“ .3. (3.! Hits-Ht $510.25- :AIJw'H'J a} 3.0....i"«}.1.".:‘ ‘..
..4‘ I . I ‘.. - ' . :- 05 m". "‘ " ,1 t’ ‘ ,' ' I H ‘2’ ' ‘-. :- .- 1 r- ‘ :I. 0' 9' :3 " . -' ‘ '. .' ' "V '.'
UL.-- .. \-'.-". ...A -..-. (3.2 .:11.1.? .~ .)-. 2....9. 5.1. (:13 ‘....i 3.321 -. -31}; ‘..-‘..-: 3;. .1- “ i..- . .‘z‘ ’.1‘-.l
Fl
.-,. ~"I , '~-' --4 ..-5 -u.. w ‘r 3 ' - l '.V ’. . 'r l _:,' " ( ~f f .I ’0 . I ' ’
g -‘.H -.° ‘ ~ .' ’f ‘ _ '3. . " - " 9., ~."_'~ .. v.9“-
.. J' ' ~ 191 J -.(t —'- ‘3‘..- u.—.-. 1 VI --" 'I ‘~’ ““*“" ‘5 J". hfjfl.‘ i.‘ COkJDec L514” {:L'n-J —:--‘~ab ‘

 

7
2000. During this time the population of Wisconsin had a

growth rate of 15.1 per cent which represents an increase
of approximately 517,200 people.3 The population of Sawyer
County in 1960 was 9,475 people, a decrease of 8.2 per cent
since 1950.9 The population density decreased from 9.3 to

8.1 persons per square‘mile.10

Judgment projections of the North Central portion of the

United States (1976-2000) are shown in Table 3.

TABLE 3

Population Projections of 0.8. (1976-2000) (Includes Armed
Pbrces stationed therein, but not abroad.) ~

 

 

 

Projected

In Thousands Actual

« . _;Q60 l976 2009
United States . . . . . 179.323 230,019 350,477
Ohio 9,706 12,902 20,108
Indiana 4,662 6,214 9,596
Illinois 10,081 12,894 19,322
Michigan 7,823 11,615 18,745
Wisconsin 3,952 5,131’ 7,644
Minnesota 3 ,414 4,297 6,293

Sources: United States Census of Population: 1960. Number
of Inhabitants, 22, cit., ORRRC projections._

 

‘7

8Robert‘W. Finley; geographz_ of Wisconsin; p.83.

9U.S. Department of Agriculture, "Lake Chippewa
Plowags‘Report", 1967. p.

10Robert‘W. Finley, Geographz‘gg Wisconsin; p. 88

"It“

.0
\
I
.. , . ' , '- I‘.-'.. 7.71. ..r ,_._-v'. ‘. ".\ ‘., ..PT 'I :---r!‘ . . ”’fl .
' _:.. g, _. “Kill 7&1. . -.s.‘ '.‘_._...\ 1-1... .i7.,-‘ .Ja...: . .‘_.‘ \u...:.‘.. . J... .‘. . ~ | 3.. '.‘J . hat
. , _ ., . .... ‘ f -4. x .. . i' f '. H ‘ "(Vt ,‘-\ . _. .
o I ks ~ ' ‘ - '- » ‘43‘ L ‘1‘. I i u o 0“ I. a] a | a .I ‘I'. J 7 | - I .r v“ . '.., . ..-‘. g 5‘ ‘J c) I. J '....-. " A: is
. t ‘. _ . . . - .. ‘.. ‘.. . . ' ,~ -‘ _ . - . 7
l ‘ ' K ’ ’ a ' 7‘ ‘a I r l ‘ ' 'I'" ‘ " .
.1 ~ '. . -.I" l” ..—*.'-.«‘I‘ I ' .ln 3. q -’.. ‘f 1 r t..,-. ‘ \..'.-. ._-. ..4‘J ~ .'.- “v.11 - - rec

— . - .u I y ‘ - 'I - . '
’ | ‘ r l ‘ r A - -. - -s P- '."1' > ' \ :1 ,. 01") I ’ a‘.'\- P' I '
.‘ - '-‘ .1. .n'o.V-' _‘ '. -1". l 9“ "' .ufi ¢v -'~ ‘43-“, .. 5“ \. L )1 ) \Il’ ...‘A :3". !_ 8 " -V' tlc
. |. - - ‘ , a A - I -‘ :a I ,a ~_ ‘g.. n- O
.. . \‘ . ,v. ‘ ' v l'.\‘ P4. . v‘ I, _ v u,- ,' ' . 3‘. t .7.
‘,_'.I 4,. '5. .- (UL.-. E.,-'.-'-';..I.0 _ .1../ ‘3 .3- '. '.1- ‘LI ..‘L'.. -1 ,I,Li! 1“ .‘A',| .\.'~_,(__- 7... AA} r, ,S
. . . p:

l ' ' ‘3 '- ‘_' ‘ ’. . . . . . 0 '- r . ,
'~.-.4 - ' ..4‘ -1..." "I a“ I" § s-".-"~'J¢L-“.; -4- .‘-'
-

Jul

'6
O

'1.)

V‘.

"‘K';ll“-W:," ...m.._—____.
I
I
O

    

 

. , . V . . , . . n
I s - . , - .‘1 - . “I . .- " s u . . .o
- J . {I LL‘. J .' .4. _ t..‘ 3..-; .-( ”K 3 _".' ~23» . . .- ‘.vf'- ‘ .32.;‘-. 15.! s
‘- .. ‘ - _ ' s 1- '.s 0 . . . ,
( ,' .14 ' ) . I x v ‘§ -‘ _ o a. “ .
.N- ).~.\"-'L ’.\'-s. a. ‘.. 8:.5 l-’.‘~' .\‘.‘A ‘1‘...-"l ‘ --‘.) ‘.l~ ’.r’ '1'“ .. 1 s dd ~‘J
l‘
'J
. E
. ‘ II-
“; U A'.‘ -L
\ I \ A”:
- ‘. t ‘.5- r . .. .- ‘ I . '. - . _ ‘. . 3 1 r‘ u - ‘ ' _ .. ‘ - . .r . I .. ‘.. . ‘ f H
‘ . U; )' ;},!_ —..‘- ‘-.) \1:'|. -.-.-.‘.~' \ 33fi": . ‘m' .L' Jr} {-5}... -q ..I :‘E’ L :. .'. . l's‘J.- .J 7:6,}. J-I'_'1_‘ " ¢
1 o. - v. _ - . . r _ s ' § " I I"
.-=- ' ' ' '.-" ' 7' .-' f- ' -"" r. '. ‘- .' -, "a: I .--
\ . "0."' in“! - ‘ duv.‘ h] Ll.“ . d ‘d-' ‘ .'.-.'1—.) L . udkun’ ‘ I’.' ‘Jl ‘l-i‘) J‘g' a
4.
“‘--—unu—n—un—-------.a—hnu-u-I-—--—---fl--'H--~-——-~-~fl‘--——~~--nu— “
-0. 4.- g n .- .-. p O in D- .«uA-'~‘.--.-m ". .. . '.Iu Eur—u. “h-s>'~' - A. .‘-"C- -llfl-‘Q D .4.“-. - s-v-§«.|-u 4. 9.3. '--- ---:.-s...- -..
: ._ . . 14
r:,'l‘;." ‘ ‘ ‘_.'-.
'-"""-“" '.’.‘ Avg-2‘ :“v‘u‘ I L 20
-.....J... ~~'. Op| a) ')‘.3.t4.‘....L \,~‘.
I‘.' . ' ' I | . .
'4..' .. ‘.' x ‘4. .1» --.
--.- a . ...~..--.- no mu- ‘..4- o ...-A- -'--sr.‘ .- n or .4 n u..- -. o _ ...“..-- ...- ~fi.-....--_..-wo- . g-1Q-oim --' Ova.
. ' . “ a a ’ . . ...
v . . ‘ g ' ‘ ' ' . ‘. ‘ I .- . ' ‘.- ‘ . . o o l 35
:‘ '; ~ - . ; ‘3»; '.....v‘.\-L s o o a o ....iuvau» m '.J.'~-a~U
- s o a q . "--‘-~‘-aa. -s ~----no. .. .I-w‘-_- -.--"---.--g.-' ...-a.- 45
. D
. .z- .’ ; ‘I'I ' 2| .- . .r— O " 5)
. - . . ‘
'-.I‘»~I'— : ‘ 3 \ ‘ s l ‘.. . ~ A ‘4.- 'u’ I . e '. E‘.‘J ‘.
‘ I ‘ . 0 '~ . I ' ‘D' U. - .l ‘
‘~' . "-. c \ "o n... - ‘ "' --"-" ' c ‘s‘ O=J¢l_. ‘- ‘..—4-
... - w ‘.I . ‘. .. '. A . I" ' g .. .. ‘.
.- ' 3 ' r a ‘-.t.-’- - ' 1' -‘ ~ .
--ss',¢«: ..J. l -‘-" ‘.r‘s act. 1' {’Ju “taut. .p' .L g. .
’ " ' L ' ‘ ' ‘.l' t. D ‘ s
V ‘ ‘ . s I ' ! f ' . " to". .’ (.0— .
.vl ‘ c .r -- 'lu—r- I ‘ ...-.5 ‘..- ‘n. ‘ \ ‘.I " ‘..L ...-g. .

v

“'0 .... . t ‘J I '.:‘a: c :I. :'.-O.... ‘ ‘.. I"- "' 7,.

-..". .ur- ‘ .... Oa-N-ONM1- ‘-...- ‘.-..- .. -.'-l. -‘IA--.¢v~. I ‘.rl‘u ..I-- 0. 0“»- .--~ '- ‘..v-oQAO-co ...-4- sw”-.o-a-anv- ”-..-AI.“

7 ' ' . ' a ' g . a u ..
’." ' ' ' » J ‘ .. "'~'-'. '- ‘ ’ .. Ir. "- -~ . . ." ‘1' ,’ -“' ' " -" ' ' ~..
--~ 1"“ ‘7'“; O‘d'- .-‘- s~'A\,-.J-'-|..--,‘v (J- J\..' an. 1'1 II ‘....'.o‘ 71.5 . 5-,}...15.) :w -.,,'.4!_.!_';_ The
. -,‘ ,. .1 . ’ - . . —.= '. _. .- .' _' 7 ' ‘ ' ‘;" 'J _
. o... ,3 ' l. v. 3 ' ‘l . ' , ‘- .‘;.. - ,q‘. ‘. . __. . ’I C 35"! (;'5‘ (3.1.7. I_'! 731313; ‘2‘.) 8:01
‘ ‘ ‘ ‘4‘. --- . v. .... .x ‘

Ir~ d.---.~~n' Os m-.~..‘-W “"96.

.- "I 1.. . _ O I I " - ’ -. ‘v' -. . 3‘. . . u- ..T -' . ”'.. . I, . ...) dm‘
abw oL; (Ll—- . ‘ ‘ f AT. " .‘ ..JJJUU".

,4 l 0 VI‘ ‘ ‘ '
H- 0-. . " .'.‘.u. .. .1
~ O o u. . u .9 o y‘ -.I-‘.v-"’.‘-v~l ‘ S .

' 'I
{tilts . F, . ,I‘ :-‘:‘ 3"... .. — ‘...._ ._. 'f”... ‘ .
1.). I';(y;....gl.;. ..I-HLJL‘. ‘..: .o_...,s_._}..l;)-._ 3...“). -10 3i&.5"d,._j.’19'4\.7 ..J.;J
.
,t .... '9'. V ‘.“".s-_,. “,5'! as . “‘..”, {In C0111
0 ~_‘ 0 \t» ---,. c .talJfli. ..., -.. ... _. ‘_ t
1"_ "
. ' . 0 I'. f' . . 'f‘ . . ‘r.’.

, ..
, D" _~-. '- . -.- . ,_ . , ‘ 7r au'v' . 3 V- - u " t p ‘ '7'"; . I . '- ‘
7 ' ... t "3;; 9 ‘.f , KV- - ' k.’ I“ I .‘ 1.5,! - O u ‘ ,l.'.!:. v- . ‘ h‘ .A‘.‘ i". ‘1 L \

g - Ow-W-s . a -..-‘41 .* “~. -"~ O .0. .-

8

Not only is our population increasing, but the average age
is being lowered. This will have an affect on the type of
recreational activities required since the younger par-
ticipants will want an active recreation reather than a
passive one. Table 4 shows the age distribution of the

population.

TABLE 4

Age Distribution of the P0pulation

 

Age Groups 1959 1976 2000
Under 14 29.4 30.3 11.0
14 to 19 8.9 10.7 28.6
20 to 26 6.3 8.2 7.9
25 to 34 13.0 13.5 13.2
35 to 44 13.4 9.7 11.8
45 to 54 11.6 9.8 10.3
55 to 64 8.7 8.5 6.8
65 and over 8.7 9.3 10.4

k

Source: Projections to the Yrs. 1976 and 2000: Economic
Growth, Population, and Leisure and Transportation, ORRRC

Study Report #23; p. 179.

The situation today ranaina one of high growth and high
growth potential. Birth rates in the United States
Imave fallen slightly in the last 2 years, but most
daographers are cautious in taking this as any indicat-
ilon of a downturn in the trend. Nearly all projections
of. future United States popuhion take for granted a
continued growth. The only question is how much and

at what rate.1

-—¥

11W to the Years 1976 and _2____000: Economic

ation, ORRRC Report No. 23;-Washington, 0.0.: United States
Covernment Printing Office; 1962; p. 9.

Ink

C
I

’ I ' _' -- “ ' '1 I l v
- ' \au .'.«J o.'.(' -.a~-' '.. . ' l .. . .'8 -..-. ‘.... .. .‘ ' ‘ ... 7‘0... ' ' b‘ '. ‘
. ~
V
. ‘ _ I _ an.
. . . . - 1 . _ . ~0- 1 r - , '- r. - -‘ H ... ,v a ‘5.
\ ‘ . I
—....-“ .4- ‘ i.‘J"' ' a In" - alc-g'. a-- can- 1‘ '-. ). ‘ouu-v. ~.~ .1 ‘.' R- -:.‘.» -, a). -
I _.
1
1 ¢ - a. g ‘
. V .4 ,. -'L a -' -\- Sr
_ -‘ - I. ~ - . ' '. in an ',1 ' . 1.
. .-.... ,.r!.z...‘.. -k'.-;.'.... . . ‘.......~. 1 .J. ' J'. 4.4.. “ “......
‘
l ‘ I \ '
I 7‘} .- '-_‘ ‘7' - " k.." — .‘.", " ~‘. ‘ 'Lf-’ 'a' ' ‘a i I .' ... . .1 ‘4 'V.’ aloha .1

V'i.‘f,. ",r"‘.‘ can

 

I‘M.
.

’ .
4" :

gr).

k . . .. .I.. '.H - v- . ." ~ . .
1 . -sq..‘-'-1.o" “. ‘91-.) -.x'.) I..O_.,..L‘ij_-,.. '.-n'u ,

 

.-~‘~—---m‘---_~-—~------"--“-----‘----------~--‘--~--------.

‘ -O‘---m¢-.I.I‘*I--~t~- § &- O *- ..-.- ‘.-.... Q a «h -I—I.----‘--.—--~G '- h‘ .- - -.--“n-- O. - -'l—.~l- "-..-O A.—-- -— - C -‘p- - --— -- -.- ..- A! vi

a

01“-; PIC-3! :1 v-.--.- .‘,-

.
‘ ’ l - ~ ‘. . D Q '
-.u- 01-. o -.‘,.-...«- .'-.o‘. o- o o c .. ~o ‘..-... -o On- -.u. -'O'O. Jr D -o -.O'O- . .-.-..w...‘ Orv-nu -¢. cu.-ov- uni-o o- 0.. -—o "- 0

~- on .. t,.‘~.‘-'. L‘. .=.!. "'.. .1. Ln)

I.»
‘ '.. ‘a |’\ “ _‘ ‘ r" J ' “;‘ I I
'. a u . a ‘--' '....U ~.'-'..'. (‘..- .) .. n1:
1 ‘ l‘ r

.- U
l . . .-
‘- . ‘..-. .0. Mn‘ ‘ . 1.. I .n v
1" . .". '..i -
1" “ ' '- “I .- ... _ ... \‘
' Kl .-‘. . ‘ n-

‘9.- I ‘s .‘ " ‘: ll; 3“ ’(J {1
9 «o'- \0— *0 (J \.... knee

 

. '. a .- , f '0 .
t : .' “ -‘ -" ‘ " '
- . ' d- 'v . ‘\ \ . ‘3 OI‘.‘ 'I (.0. ’.‘x. ‘.. k. V
I9,
or- - I. --- a»- c“ - ..v. v- - *‘OICC -M--a—.-.---IOO- U“- -.- -‘-‘".-.v--.a w‘v‘ “-~- -.-.Q-.. ~--~¢- . l 03
I . I ('r O ’I n. ."“ z "I ' ' J . . I .
.... ‘ ' .' ~, ( . - ‘. ' '- 3' - ' " -. ‘ h 7‘ -' " ' 0 .-‘ * v v '
' 1-‘_ . .\,\-l 1 ‘ ..,_'.., K‘ ‘ ._L .‘.._'J._ .,|L-J (‘J a,.-..‘....' .5-..-.l: ‘... .. . I . b:'-' iistv
‘ L
. - I I ‘ 1 0
. ' I! f; . 1 .y .-l~--~ """‘. . ’ ~ .' ' 0. ~"."-' ' . ‘ I 'h - ' ' °-‘ ’-.: .' ' '
., ‘,_._J-‘., (gdc;¢r_-,_,‘ A1,‘._.'\ .35. J. ..):..'.o .:.r.a.'(n-.£.-L- 'ler ':J('.'.u:'a..';r"o - (‘.\-J «\‘J E"
. ‘. ‘
o 1, r. - ' ‘3‘ c , '.f‘ r: . a .
. ‘ .- .\’, ('..... . .I . ‘ .1 ‘. '. .A ..~-‘ bull
O. . '
g‘ '- n r a ‘ a. ' '1
I' . o H '.' ' ‘ - , . " - -'e’ ”r . '~ - - --' -- ‘. '
i L- 3 ~ ‘l-v 1‘-$‘ -(4 .3.) :" .-‘\ -k‘.) ‘IJ‘J ‘4‘..- A- -~ ‘5’: a a. ( .- :1"r'-J say)... ‘1 er). " ’Daaa
. I
I Q n . l ‘y‘
g», ,. -‘ ..- . - . ,. .I. -- . .1 0. 'I- -.I , ' ‘ ' n "" -. " « .. ‘ ‘
i..-‘J I‘lwa‘ ‘.. ..~-' \I ....- \L) :a“.l.-l 8.3. LI-‘J I_' -' :— -.. '-. .d‘. .EV.'.'-~‘,.‘ ‘ “Liz-.5 I- .I-I.“~:.-:1
, :
.3. . ‘ ‘ , ‘5 a ’ a _ - o n r ~ ,
. ' ‘.. " l 4," ~.. ,- _ "‘u ', ‘ . ‘1' ‘i ' . J “‘ ' . ' ' ‘ ‘ h I
\"~-‘. o“ J! '1 . ‘.l...’.a - ‘ -. vu,.’.:._'. 55:3 '3 1‘4. '3 .'. -131. "‘... C, l;-’.&.~.B.. Q.‘ '38! “an:
n b . b
‘l s 0 -~ . ‘ 2 ' . Q a — A‘t‘
.‘ c. . ‘ .' ' '4 . 1‘ .' y, ‘ .s ‘ ,‘ '~ — . . l . . . -) . .. .- gut-y ‘ - ' ~ -:. -~
”dc..~.).‘~ —3-'J- \L..9 '... 1.3 V'--.14J ’.J.-..-.a.;J l‘J. U—r—r‘_)-e-J..'-":¢: :3 A}; {Iv-g; Il-‘fz'J.’ (‘3'...31’."
\ ‘ ‘
‘ ' ' " . *' 9'? . w ' ‘ ' ' ' ' ' ‘ \
, ' ‘. ._ ,‘ I. . - la ' .. . . . . .... . _ ._
uai\ .. u‘ .' 1‘- '. .L-‘.va {...—I n 'v olu‘." ..-. .11.; I-,{ {A '.::.i;.'. l. . 7) . ‘.. ‘..-'9'...
c
--D . . ...“ ‘.rl)..'.., unk -.. 4 a"-i~ ‘J- 4.4.5.1.-1-l ’51 ‘.. ’5. .‘cl . ' I.'-‘J“<l1L' ‘1‘bJ-IJI". —‘-r)
.' _I . ,r ‘ r I ’ ..w . u 'I- . «f,. a- - - j - . :‘-- E '. .5 , -I '
(u..- l-.‘.'./.'- ..l .. 1:... 4h.-- u “L1" p.140 Lusi aiuJ. C -..- "-‘nI-fwnJEuUI) 1
. 1-!
. = . an Pu
- n J v , " "I . V .‘f' h -1 . .‘ ' "! a
.-I.. ‘5' -l .40‘."~'.Il. .01...
.‘O-C.‘--- --~”-’ .4 '81-- - -AM'. fi”~-¢ 1
.‘ I
,- ' ‘.. -" :— .- . “é. '-
'J .( ’.r' I .,.‘ n_;'__ .1:'. "'\'.,_f_ ‘ V'. .‘_‘g I! 1:. (,_':;""'3 .','.
. - . ---‘.‘ ~ "0 -.- “--.. . . - I -.- - .—" . “..- ‘1'. . - “ .0. l. . ..--“‘.-“ ' k . .‘ .
. I . ’ . I - .. g. u.
- V ‘ ... q a - I .~ «I a . . . ‘ v' . . - - -
. l .. -o- .. ll-“ ‘ . l-ll.- t: ..t rs - ‘.J.'.". - ..‘ ‘rA ' {-QJEJIE' ' I: " '-
G O '.. ~-. -Awa-.- . u -- g u. “I-‘. ‘0'- \. a I. - o-l d—OI- ‘..-'Io - o n '..—o —o ‘D 9 o .o A o-- v--- a. - I —-D 0 ‘ 4‘.-
. z ‘ r... I o ' u - ' ‘ J ‘ lo ~ 0' I ,. 6' . . ‘\ 3' ’ I"
‘0‘. .q ‘ ... ‘. ‘ ".. '... ‘| I . . a..' . Q i. l. ‘1 “_- 411,]; ,y ‘ \... . ‘JI‘. .) ,- 'I'.‘ 4. ', \- . a I ’f'; -
v 0- . " — I - ‘... - - -.-.

9
Greater mobility: The rise in mobility of the American
population has made many new forms of recreation and many
isolated locations available to the average citizen. The
short period of time required to travel from crowded cities
through the hinterland to the open countryside, has been
compressed by the automobile, airplane, and railways. A
greater portion of land area is available for the use of our
growing papulation.
Our capability to travel is growing twice as fast as
our population. From 1949 to 1965, passenger car
mileage jumped 74 per cent, while pOpulation increased
32 per cent. Mileage is expected to double by 1980.
Better roads and cars mean more and longer trips to
seek recreation.12
In 1962 Wisconsin ranked 7th in mileage of surfaced roads
(92 per cent surfaced), 10th in percentage of paved road
mileage, and 14th in rural road mileage in the nation. In
1963 there were 1,712,000 motor vehicles. If these were
distributed evenly over the roads at the acne time there
would be 17 vehicles along each mile. Roads are thinly
Spaced in the north, however, in terms of road mileage per

capita, the figure is greater in the north}3

¥

l~2Michigan Dept. of Conservation; "Michigan's Recreat-
i-0n Future"; September, 1966; p. 13.

13Robert W. Finley; Geography 2; Wisconsin; p. 191

It“:

1 . . - - ._ . - ., u
' ' t - ‘ I - I ' o . ' r
- ‘1 - ‘-3 . ‘0 -' . .. ’ . ~ ' ' ’ . - . f. .. A -‘ '. g ‘ - .. . . - ‘ \ .. .4 > . - ‘-
.. .
_ . _ r - ~ ,
‘ " ‘ ‘ ' ' - "0 I l ' . ‘ 4 I ‘nr
' ' ' ‘ ' 0 -- x
l ' h ' ~ \ -‘— . - K ._ -‘~‘ —. x.. , . o .. -
- " s
‘ . - ‘ .. . » . . -; .- .-; "\.‘ U; . ‘ . ‘
I . O . .. . .- 4 ' . a ‘ Id‘! ‘0 J . - --. . 1.. » - .— ' \ , - a. ‘ . . u
. . . ( -
‘ - . u ,- - ~ ‘ ~- _ .
n I
~.. ..-.1' " - ..- ~ -..1 LJ ‘ .---,'-,.\ .-' -Q‘ ‘-J
v . ‘ ‘ o. I u -
, . .7 . - ,‘ . . I '.. .. .‘ . , I u ' _ ‘. I
- ~ ‘1 «J _ ~ .‘. .,.‘.'1‘.l 3: ‘ k“ .4.-. (‘J v .I¢p__ .v '. I -‘ ‘ ‘ .: . .“° “W...

I w—
k m

I - u I ' a
. . ‘ 1 ‘ ' z _ ; _' r- - P . .0, . r... .5 , I.- 4 ,‘ ‘ p. f" ' ‘ . . ..‘-. .. .‘ -‘. “ ' V,
- 5*. . k. . ¢,.J) “. .-.‘ -‘.l,‘-*. -; '.'..'.-. “ I . (.-. 1.. 3.1;: _l.' ‘3 .T,t,. 1. Ln' .‘ , '-' .- at J- -

 

1

l
C,
C)

 

l
'w' ’0-
O. '
.
' x
n
T
-
.
l
.
I
.
‘
U
I
0
’w
.

"J C. -.- J a i. LA‘ ..L l t-‘- ‘.~.‘."- LT... 1. "n.-.“' .' 'L'-'v l.'- at -. .."a‘J-H '

- ; r- . g I- l I’ I a _ x . ‘1 ye
'. , ‘. . ‘ . ,— , r _ ... . ,2 g ' v ' . I ,'. .. -l x . ‘ .: ... or. -.. .. ‘... "‘f I I _. ‘ f .. K I r . ‘.
(ll. ~‘¥"- ’z V’r' '— ..«a... -.k. 4.. 3 '- hl-\‘ A...‘ ‘ "-. J‘l. .. 4'. ‘4'. ‘al-l. -. La.“ ~" -~‘/ -_-, To‘

, > _ g . . o » fa
, .4 “‘> u A-l-A. ‘ -I. r . . v .

. . . . , ... ..4‘ . . . ‘
. o . a . - i - fi ‘ " ' -r, '
( 7" —v . f ‘ -| t’ ‘ a :4 x! ‘ I . 1 -l . ...... ‘ \! '- ’4-1‘.'l‘ #1:, .1 -K- ") .‘ I.
r . ‘ r .l v a I f P O ‘ i. i ( g g
1 ' § ' | v. . I . . .-r ~ ~‘ I “_ ‘ ‘
l. .3. .l-Qa, .a 31‘. . I“ r)- J 1‘ _ .‘ ' ..,ll. J J- ‘5 . '- . :0- la.‘ 4! -'. 1‘1)!’ t-’ I '-.-.
0 u ‘ ‘ . I ‘ V- . . P
. ~. , _. , . -. , M. ,. r _- --,. ‘... .. . ..
J .: y ' ‘ _ -'. .J . (I -L -. '..}. D‘ol . .". ‘ ‘J‘v .." .I.J. \ . 4.. s} _: i I" 3: .5. or. .I ‘,’.I“ J.
\
r . I ‘ . ' l ‘ ‘ - . ‘ '
o _’ ' | f. 0 I ‘! ~ I -r . < I l . ' ' I r. .
. .u ."-‘- ... ‘J.‘.‘3.’. ‘ - ...J L. "(3- .o"-.' - f.“ ”L“!L'U(' 3 -.Eu' .1 _~‘ -
.. _ . ' ._... . ; ‘_.- ”in” ’ -., "bl\r"0 1"“ g I .(I g f". ,
__l.l. " - ‘ - '~o ko‘ ' . ,_- I I ..‘u. ) ' "_ ,‘ r.‘ J _ -§. .'_e . .7 V ‘.. ' I “-. 1(I ‘
h
‘ ‘ ' h " - - " . ‘ I . u I f. ’ H ‘ z r l‘
. x . ' ’ . .l I, . . I .. - . . , .‘. v,
.4 ‘ ‘.. a ‘- _' ‘ .)0.t -kr.’ (I ..Q- 'n-I ‘...L ¢ .4. I’ o- 0'. ‘.a‘l CAL." .-L ..'- .0"- l -1- K - ‘.
03]
‘.; c
'..-- . , , ,. . m‘
- . ‘ ‘ - - f . . - n - p . . _.. , -" .~ -‘ g. .‘ o‘.\ l"
.' ‘- .‘ ‘Q .... “ l-‘.. “ 0.‘- ‘ -‘._; ’..... :4.‘ .'..J.‘ ._ - '1 “ ‘ .‘1 .z.‘ . W.
".0- -'-- Q“ ‘0‘. -n- .0 Q..- -Q- u.. o . ---..v ..- '-.
; . ' - . v . t“ a'
- w ‘ - ' . r.' - .‘ ~'~ ‘-\‘r'-. " . . .. ~- . '. '
~‘ .4 .. -i:-)- ‘o \r ‘1 . -‘ .5 , r t 1"‘-'- v.‘ . ' '0‘ -- "f'.‘--(". .....(' . .3 _' ‘1 ‘., ... 3w 4- ‘ .-L
r r I \ .
I ' ‘ .' '. .I ' "' 9 - -
c I . v‘ ' K ’ I.
'00 9 J ... .s ‘ . g ' - u ' I I
O O ‘ ‘ \ a a 1 . ‘3 J ..
k" " ‘ ’ ' a . '
I ' -« ‘ ' a. ' 1. ‘|| [rut' ..r .I' 0 ~ - 1 -~ » c~ l“ ‘
5 7 t _ . ' .. , ' . J-
» .-- O‘~_I ( ( ‘-- " ..- --‘ — - .‘..‘r..'.'. 0 ...fl ".‘l'; "’
- .-- q—c - - o a .. -... - - A4". . .' .. ‘- .

10
More Leisure Time: Technological and other development in

business and industry have resulted in a decrease in the
average hours worked per week.
The future prospect is for shorter working days and
weeks, and for longer and.more widespread paid vacat-
ions. A reasonable estimate for the year {200 may
be an average work week of about 28 hours.

This, together with the many time and labor saving devices

now used in the home, has made leisure time available for

recreation.

With more time available plus the increased mobility,
4Americans are taking to the road in greater numbers every
:ysmr. They are visiting and using present recreation

facilities at a rapidly increasing rate. Table 5 shows

1’(‘Msrio'n Clawson; Land and water for Recreation -
Opportunities, Problems, and Policies; Rand McNally and Co.,
(mhicago, 1963; p. 5.

Tu I:

.1 . , ' | s , ‘- I» I. . I. . ' I r I . I 0‘ . "‘ . n - ‘A ‘ I ‘. a ' £1
.‘.E-‘. ..y .‘ :I_1_7!'~,‘ -.'.- -.f.t}_f.}k_l LEAH _;.,..,__~ ('_.‘“:.I ..." ", .r'!,l_‘ ,I_ .4 ilJ-._I ..L _. ,-('-.,. es
.
. .. 1 I I P h C
‘I-. ' I (‘I . ,e , ,‘ r I O- “ .. o , “f ‘ 4 . ~u
"-5 —J i .1. . ‘. J J.~-' 1" 5‘ x J. b. '51 ‘.md .. .z I a 1‘ g »'..l \‘I.- 1 - b . ‘ .-_, ’Lo- . "‘L'
. ‘ ‘ 1 r I ...v Y."
..‘. -.-.- ~- .. H, .- u; ,— 4...,
EN”
h
I‘ u ' v r . 1‘
. , I , -- . . -— - A .< p:|
.'.I . -'.- a . ..: ..I.!."v .H-» \. ..'- IL- 3.!“ -‘1 “..h
u ‘ s a
a a , - . u
_ I . .‘ , ’ . ;. I‘. . . . . ' ‘.. g I . f‘ s 'r, ‘ ‘ l - ‘ . ‘.. . '. " ‘I
".41: .4'v F!.‘ 1)" .' c. -. i L: '~. .- -)~-‘ “~' ' ‘-"" J" ...)‘.“‘ J'{.'I‘ ‘..).J .. . i ...
_
t ‘ -a I , ‘ a.
‘ ‘e ' " u ‘- ' ' '- I ‘ I1; 9: '\ _ A ‘0‘. Q ‘ ' ‘ '
" _. 5.,I‘\.o|5.l~-fl — I, -" ”.11- . 1:. ’- ,u - J ’. J ‘a.k' «"-"-,‘~I4'"""-‘- ‘ 0‘ ‘ k 4*
H . I
' a. ' ' ‘ I l
I v r ‘ ’1' q " ' u ' - I ‘~. F
«I. 1 J. ...»‘t L, . ‘) (A I, -‘...t' f ". 'I - LB ‘1? UM.
‘ —

:51“:

s‘s—C

'-..-— '- ohm—v~ __J.—4—‘ ...‘K.___! ' '3‘-
, 1
e
’0
1 .
l
\-

I
l 1
.I
I
‘«
...
l
I
x
\K
. C
I, ,
L‘
I
a
5-
'-r
' O
p
I
I
2“
1 .
' e
..
r?!
“I
h.
;--.
A
r
o
.-
u.
l
t
I
l
ow
D-
I
n—a
a-
I
5"
‘Q
' f
’A
‘.-
r-
5..
a! c
r: -
'1 Ln

 

_
pf. . f . , {_".\"..- l , ‘ ; ‘ '9' 't ' 1‘,.A~ , ‘_l ‘I “r ' .
( "~J .‘ -..-.- ‘L‘ v v. . 'a“ ’ u\'13..' u.‘ nJ ‘ ’J,It‘ §J—- ‘.‘~'_.- 'I ‘_" " -I."1"J ) _.‘,1 ‘..“ .‘ . 50‘

De'
I. . -_-_ .‘l . .I _ I . . ‘- - ; . r! ".0 r- . 4' -' . u I- , ‘P‘ ‘ I 5’," . '. '
“L, J‘shi‘ -.i -. «U a.-'.. ‘... - H «“hv' . 14...... v -' .J. .1: tho-J. s.»‘o '
u b
..1 . ' _ ’ ... .' , . ‘l 9.! - I I "~ I u
«l .' . I I Y ~‘ 'Q n. _‘ ~II , s A ’ a v-I
La Uo'lu L- -.--I n nun ..L ". 2’ -“ -’ ~ -.= -..' -1 '- "r: '.:~-'-l-J- ..‘..‘ .‘LI- on
vi
ti
ht
OI- - ‘.-—O a- ..-u.~ ..oi'.M-’- a. -hao . o.- ----.‘-.--- n‘ e c . _ .
I
- " ."-' » ~ " ‘- -' ' " '\ :",{' : '0 ‘ a ‘.. ."'vr—' v .I>~. l‘.‘. m
J K_e.¢..‘ f... ’H I . 3‘. -.. .'.. . .3 "~ ' l.‘ ! ‘.-'l.'.5u .iat "-‘.'~'l1.".‘ ‘4‘!”- -' 0' -
_ ‘ n. - I 1- D

3 .~ -- I ‘51 1' i." -:' re

ll
estimated visits to various Federal properties.

TABLE 5
Estimated Recreation Visits to Selected Federal Properties

.
--------------------------------------------------------------

United States Agency 1950 1960

National Park Service 32,780,000 72,288,000
0.8. Forest Service 27,368,000 92,595,000
Bureau of Reclamation 6,594,000 24,300,000
Corps of Engineers 16,000,000 106,300,000
'1'. V. A. 16,645,000 42,349,000

 

Source: Research Report _4_2_: Natural Resources: Milstein,
David 8.: Michigan 8 Outdoor Recreation and Tourism" Project

‘80 - Rural-Michigan Now and In 1980: Dept. of Resource
Development, Michigan State University; 1964; p. 6.

Oue of the greatest challenges facing recreation planners
will be to define recreational needs and to provide recrea-

tion facilities near to or with easy access from areas of

high popution concentration.

The ORRRC Report has listed a series of facts regarding

recreation danand and supply:

1. Demand for outdoor recreation is growing and the
demand for the future is becoming greater.

2. The type of recreation people desire in most cases
is relatively easy to supply. This includes a

path to walk along, a picnic area, and an attract-
ive drive.‘

3. We have been failing to use land effectively. The
physical supply of land and water for recreation

'lzil

-~—_.a-‘~—-u---‘-—-n-

.. -. a. n--. - ... .r.‘ . a.
v
.
I - 1 A
, p. o
_ a
. 0" - 9 a .0 .aIw-Q- I»

'3
-al

0' '

 

0. ace 0 -

va“- —.~ su~ “1.,“

I . :3' '
I I ' u“ i . .‘
Z »‘ l L c I .

. l -
mfl:-'-uu-er—‘ v"--fiv ...—V
a" '
v .
.—
~:
a
o
I ._

    

.'\. |.

.- .1)'.1.

El

.-,~"1 _. '.
L

1"." 1. ' '
3.;':.3‘._2 : '

‘— 9 -~ - n c- On”. Us 9 D o u 0a-...-~- .IO‘O-----‘
1
. Al ’ . . — C r
' . I - ’ J ', .5. - . ‘ ’ 1 I
-.-..— s- -wp ---- Q...
~‘.. . .-'-|'. ! ... ' 'l' . r. ‘
_ a: {:_' . ' . ,,‘._ ..i ,-, f’l'.) (l'
.. .
. , p ('.r. p ' ‘ c. J‘ -
‘ -__._: 4 .u .l‘ . A} .-u' , I
D- ‘ . l‘ I. '... ‘
. \ . l-s " ' ' .'.
i
. . '. -‘ l - , 1 t. . ' \
an . ‘ 'l»'o.'.~ ‘. ..‘I' ' .b’; l .|
I $ ”
U - y ’ .._ , - - . .: —.
_:I«1.-.. J ‘ ‘ \."~. ' ‘ ‘n'vn i
I
.Q
a, a. - I“‘P\ , -- u .
\‘ l114.=.‘J . 1L2. -‘-.~
. ..
, ' a f" r,» ,-l ',
. 3 . . ..|I ‘ .‘. . -. .J'
. 9' '
" y. 01 "\ . "- ‘
.- .‘ l :'. f . .(‘l .l ‘ .l
. '..
‘
I Is?” . s -.5 't“ '
. .'. ‘5 'a, .’ . . l. . ° 0
. I
" ' fat. “ . t" ‘ {'3' |’: '. .
. 1:1. c.\-‘. 14-. '.-.‘ ' -'
u u ,
r- '. ,‘v- r I. t P I...“
r . I. . a r, ‘. ' ,t .1. ...
_“ : ‘. o _' at u. f .‘ ‘.l‘
.t ‘..I . ‘5 .. . t n ..J ' . i ‘0 I“
. '1. v ' . u .3. I N 2
4 . q‘ , d~ .
I . ) I 1 [
~ . J. t- ‘J’ . . "
Q ~ ‘
, ' ,. a ,
A . .5 .J H‘ .’ - L ‘ - ‘

"-...‘I‘

. 70-. .
‘.' .~ ...I
‘ .-,s ’
r '.i..i-’

< .~.‘~.-.

o G-' '.-.v u

‘
. .
0
K. .
g
."_ r
’ I . .I‘
‘
. . ':‘
‘ r ' C.-

. O - I
. II I ‘
O
-0
‘ V, t - . ’
y -f 1' ‘
‘0
I
J. i'..';
u' - U _
C- I «I l c .,'
- rs - - ' ,N
DJ ‘ A a 4
‘a
k a
. . ,
«J -' ‘.
‘1 ‘- a -“1
141:; .3.:

' l
a. , . , .
..l.- . a

-.- Q

. x
1 A
. ... .I r 'v- .‘2
*7, l _- AA: 1 ‘0 ‘0 \‘ C
r 1' ."v
v
.\' ..
V; q“ ‘ ~ . 'i an. ' .
a ‘ . |r '
-. .1- . ..

.: -.-'- o. o - n - .-. '.- o - a- at.- -<- v I- o .. -.o‘--u--.. -- 5 uo~
‘ U f.
.‘v' . " —J. .' - 1 -1 f Lr
', I I r . . _,' e, 3
0 >0» . .. q a o «a o e“ - 0 o'nlo - ..- - u.» ’6... 0‘ o a -v,- -..
I, : ‘ ‘ A‘ 'o‘ . I" ('.. -" ' H
._ fl ,‘.- . . J t~. . .'a“
' 1' f' u
.. , I u. n‘ - , . ‘ ‘ . .
a. " . ‘. ... ' ». .‘ .-‘ . g ' g a
x "
. -' 'I' “ 9 " .. u ~'..
I"- , ~.. ’.K 1-. u.) . . . r! .‘l S.r. -' -l ..k.
I o u - ‘ ,, .
\'-"' ‘IIol'L' -“ .
f ‘ r—u

-.-

r r
' ‘ .\I -
. ‘4 I . - . .
'-
.,_‘ .
, 1‘ _.; .-.

~gm~---~—.ah~~-‘~-.§-l-.~~~~~—“--‘¢u—-‘fl-”—-—~

-.- Qa':~- ~- .-.0- ..‘-'-‘ C -a. -I- - .'-'“ .s - -‘.~'--
4* ' . ,. ‘ .
. V .\ n. o . ,‘ ._I V ‘ ‘.. '. ... .. ' . t . - . .
‘l - \ I ‘ a ‘ -s u ' ' 1 I I - ‘ - ‘
a 0v.” . ~~-' an ‘L-M ‘.. ‘- .~.- A o .n .

_ . . . l ‘ , ' ' ~ ,-
._' . -' V . . l I '. r‘ . U P ' d .
( (J: r. n ' - " -. . 9 .n ‘ ' :' . ‘

. . - ~ 1 n \ . .- - - - .‘ . g . . -- . ,
u y . O a
l" u '

T‘ " x , ' ' I
r\‘ 4 - 'f O. .. ‘ ". s. I. a -. u-
1. ’ IQ'I ‘ .1 . l “\I ‘ -1. D‘- C‘ 1 ‘4" ~' ..r . | .‘ I I‘ ‘ ~ .' l a‘1 .J ‘l \I’
. . . ~ 1 f ..

, I . .-.,.‘. « ., I' ' s . I ~
.3s! -..:.l.L)- I.b:‘- -'Y.L 3.". 3s (9.: -1 i - I
’w ' A " a, 1.... s ‘9‘,“ . r- I. ': O r t . P ‘.

' Ii ' -.l ' ‘ u. w L‘.;-" . O. I .' O. -‘0.‘ . ll‘ ' x‘. ‘
a . - - - v
' ‘ ‘ ‘ : ! I ,- “.I‘ r r I
.311 .31. .‘.-;m I." ,) ‘a.~ .I.) " '5' E. . ...:
, u
. . v :__ ‘.t r .' .2. I 3‘ .' ‘ ‘ l 1
~- 0 m3 -’-.‘ '-1. ' ’91.! .'-“°" ‘ . x: . u" i‘ .'
. "I r ‘ I. '1 '0 ‘ ~‘
. ‘-.-””1. .. 31.0 1’. 7. ‘ (an _1..,a_2'; 7
-I k
.3 -‘-~.-.- '...-.fi- '“r .3. " -.,-. ' *-
_-, .a. . \ ‘ ‘ ' .. _.-'.' .'.\.’ n | ...-L . -‘..
A: Uh .
. -f. ' ‘ I
. s ‘ ‘ . , ‘, .
- A -.!~.PJr 1..) - . » . (.r.- : '~
. .
_ - .‘ . I -'§
‘ n f‘ ' v . ‘ . .. " - - “ .
‘ ‘_, l _,.’._ . _._ ~§ .. A \ . ‘c ‘ ,. “ . ,1. '1 . .-.
r O
O D . 5 .
-~.- 1. a~ ‘- -" ‘ 0.0 .
I K. J z ‘_ _ ' ‘.., : .
~ \- . o a t
'- ’ r
f‘ . 7.1‘ ’ ‘.. ~ .. .' . ‘-3 , -3: '.. '1
l . I l , . '.I J I J ‘ - I}
o o .
a“ ‘.. "o ,-,\ u‘
. ' f - - ‘ I.‘ J a
-. s i ‘\ D r - s
r . , - ‘... . V . _
('| l . 1‘ - L‘ ‘ a" |. “ “D' 'f-I' . .
l- . - -
" 'iN V I' z , , ‘t' ‘ .II‘ (I.
’4 9.- - ~ ‘J- ...‘J .v~'.r'

 

It
Re‘

IE

Re

CD

It

nu

12

is plentiful; yet due to the owpgrship, management,
or location, it is unavailable.

It: is obvious that recreation needs vary with the individual.
Recreation gives one the opportunities to experience a
release of tension, to play, to develop imagination, or to

experience the gamit of emotions.

Recreational lands are needed to provide our population with
contact with our natural environment. Joseph Wood Krutch
has emphasized the need for such recreational lands:

‘We need some contact with the thing we sprang from.

We need Nature at least as a part of the context of our
lives. Without Nature....., we are compelled to re-
nounce an important part of our heritage.

On some summer vacation or some country weekend we
realize that what we are experiencing is more than
merely a relief from.the pressures of city life; that
we have not merely escaped from something but also into
something; that we have joined the greatest of all
communities; which is not that of men alone, but of
everything which shares with us the great adventure of
being alive.16

It is difficult for the planners of the future to know how
much recreation land will be needed by our rapidly expanding
pepulstion. The following is offered by The National Park

;

15ORRRC; "Outdoor Recreation for America"; January,
1962; p. 81. - -

16State of Wisconsin: Dept. of Resource Development; A
13.92, £25 Wisconsin; p. 70.

in 1:2

    

. > I _ - , . .P -
“ . h ' ' I ‘ ‘ .4 'CI ,‘,‘ ‘I ~\ [I_‘ ‘i" -’| .‘ ‘ 'J t ' 'l ' ' : 1 Iv
‘-. '.‘L $ .A ‘ , ( ,..,- _--_. -‘s k _' -.- '.v— I 'O -I (~ :. 7 - u - o. ‘ O‘ e
‘ \ ' . T . ' a ’ ‘ l _.r a .
--. ”a ‘ .. - . "
0 -~.. , .“I . -. ..:_-. ‘u ' -.- 'K‘l . "
. . - . s -
' ' ' " ‘ .-3 .. . . K . . -9 '
I , ~ ' -. . . , \ ,_ . .. . . .. ,
b s.‘ -.v .. ....‘ .3 1.. . . t‘-§.‘.' .. I ‘... :J(’., Jr: a..-* m .. t} - x C .' ‘ ‘J 8 -. d-—
. . ‘ ~ “ f" '- , (1' , ' . - ‘ n V" . -°. ‘ 'f \ - - ‘ '3
- '.I '. .. ’ , l.) .".- --‘..‘L.../_’.a| ‘ J ”u ' o'...'\_’. 13V. «5.- .I.».'.
‘ l
e e v . r _ ° _1 1 l ‘
I . . . , ‘N '. ‘ o 1 3 n‘. e .g ', ‘ - - . . . ’ y
k -. - ~~ C 1‘\'- J - ‘« .'. "( -- ‘vl ‘ ' ‘1 C ' u" 'U ‘ 2(’:.' '-‘ "~O - " .I .'. 'a.
- a.
' ‘1 _ Q . ~ .
.0; a; . .r “L. -I-- , ' AA - ‘ I'l '-' ' " ..-'
.b I '\ f . , t A f I .J .
r . - a — cg ~4 ' -- .‘ -, , w - .‘, - 'N‘ ' u.
i 3'. - .- '." a."-‘.’. ‘: a.'.-‘ ‘.‘Ill‘ ‘> ’3’" ," '. .v - ‘ v1, " I. ‘--"-.‘ '. ‘.I!‘ t‘ ...'I (‘Y'0 ‘.lr .. ‘ " "l‘. "") M‘ 'v‘“ ' ‘
3
i
i '- " .‘ :‘ t" (1. "“A' I ' .s"':'. 'X' 1““ ( - l I" ' . \K""' I H
s .. 1.1;“ {4 1-. ‘.- ".1 ....9».. 1".--..'I ,- _' ‘-.}.‘s ,1 l1.‘(‘ 1:..,_ , - . as. a
i;
a ,, to: ‘r.. . 34 _'. ‘.. 3‘ . ‘. ‘- .I ~ . .,_ f ...9 V‘ , ' fo ‘. . _‘_ 13‘;
cs.. ‘. I‘-- ...-0‘.(J....: .1 )-~ . .. aks 'lh. .1 - , -I ‘~' . s -‘ ‘ ~ ‘I. l7.'s‘ '-) . .0
. . a
. . 2‘ . ,. . x. . '1 . . 1 . , ’.- I , ’ ' . _‘ .
‘.Vrfi . ‘ —.-~ ' OJ; .' ‘ :l I ‘.L - 1.. s. .1 \\I I \I— ‘n .“4 ‘~ .‘ I " "" —' “
'v I '.. ' I "\ ." ' I- .- " I ‘ I .l . " \ I I. q I " ' ‘r I4 ‘ .'
4 ~'\’ - \‘ .1 . .‘a-(’ . . .3 .‘IJ . - .. a a. v e l. ' -.. .l.- .--.. ...‘ I .4 ’ ,‘ll .l

s .
e I . Is, ' x I v- _ - I} ,l . c_ u .. . ,, ‘.. ‘ < ‘ u ' y
' l' a; ‘.'.' \- .. “11": * .\ - ..‘d. . " ()‘T- .‘&/.."A" - _" .. .' I’. 3...: "‘1'. I.‘ ..
‘ I I , 0 .
I u . . ‘ a .' . u ' ' . ‘1‘ - ' ~ .- r. I
a. A ~ '.‘J ~.1. . dJ. ll. . c J . ’ ' "I I ‘5‘. a. so ’...} ‘ I'tn‘lns .q‘ ’ -\
. - I f -. a . . . ' . t ' . . I” .
. a . ' \ ~ . I ’ . ’ ' '4 ' "
. .-. . . -' .. ~‘o---’ --L' kl f -’ ‘. \ I ) ‘ fi".~ I‘ . .. . ‘. -.. ' ’3 - -..) .s 4
\ \— 5
‘ .
- . " - -. r ' 1 . ‘0. , . , 0' ‘. ‘. a a l
1.. '.. h . _5_- .37.“ .’.'_ .,: J Ut. ltl.‘.'... "5‘ r-.‘.' ‘3 '_2_ .‘.'. 57" ..‘ I; ”up”: ‘..;
C
. O . U I
. I. ‘ '1‘ '. I.. 0. v. . I '. (o x "‘ (e a ' . .. .
_‘...‘.- - I, -.-\..'.- -., '1 J H ‘.“w ' V' 1‘ .31! -.t j . "...; ":(Jt‘.
“ ' -. J ‘ V f. ' ’ ' ‘ ‘
. ' ‘ I'. ' - '7 'l ‘ . . ‘i . . ".
e‘ “x"; ‘ a I -L.’ ' I - t' Js-i_'~{ ..‘).‘0 ‘4..~ ‘.‘u'-' 1’5 .. 'Qa '¢ d- (at. "I ‘J
o
. n ‘ I I ' B ‘ a o '
. . '- ' .‘w, . '- - - - . , ' ' . . -‘ «‘s ' , r ' ' ‘ ' - -'
-l u . — - 4-..“1 ‘0 ' ’ , .3 :4 ' -.. I . J -.. (a!) 1.1.1 .1 .l '... . c. '2. (a I I , I ‘ J . IA. . .J N. - a,
.J '. r. ‘7‘ . . ’9
c. ’ '. , i
. ’v .. J “a ‘,J).« V.
' A 3 . - . . r - .' ' n f p , . ’. " o . a Q ..
. ..~ r 3. . . . , A ..-‘ n _ ...‘ . —. . . .‘
..L z) .(u; . ('.. 211”» .:-.. - ‘! '.., mil-".-." ..H - -JJ. ....U ."'.. . h {’.-. ...J.
.': ,.-- - - I. -.~ - ,-- . . ,‘ a" .. r -.---.- . Am; ~.~p
' A.-. u no.3 '.. J ' -. u ‘ c-l . ‘ . . ' D "a ." 13 ‘-u an.‘» s - a lo... iv‘L‘v an." I I"! o ai‘» i-Q
\- \-
.. . . , _ . - g . I. ' p.
.‘N ‘. ‘ ~ ‘ - ( . ‘ , . ,' ‘- - \,' ~ ‘ .r. -- ~, -, -
4 e —- “l‘ v .A ‘Iu'- -‘ ._, . ' ‘ ‘I d .‘n ‘.5 o fl, ‘2.‘. ,'I',. ‘ ('J.‘L‘_' . i; ‘.L .".‘J.’ ~' ‘I-LIJ 'J
C ' a
.‘Qna- "O- -~.—-A'--o..—-c--~.»-.a--..-"ae.«...'.~ -.-..-
" f
.. v , - " . . t
r ' as: I . . u. r c a 9 ~ R' c . a ,. .A 'I . ' 'l "'
‘ ' - ' '—- k 1h " ._ ‘ .\(.'. ‘1‘). as}... - .‘.\. )vs- .v": -J '1‘ (i. a (u
U
r. .\ ,
l ‘.‘r I
o‘.'— . I ‘.-': . J-
D
. v . t u I . ' .3 . , . ' ‘.., 1
’... . - I. I " ’1 I ‘ . a e‘ - -
‘3 ... ‘ 3' 'L'~Ss. ‘V " I o :" *1 . . ‘ .-l \.' ’.... "g‘ ( ...VQ. _' ‘.‘ ‘d?’ I

P I

13
Service as guidelines to determine the needs of the public:

On the basis of population, it should be possible to
detenmine the minimum.amount of land and facilities
required for physical activities. But it is impossible
to set a figure on the amount of land that should be
act aside for educational, spiritual, and esthetic
values. Pram the esthetii point of view, the limit of
an area is the horizon...

17National Park Service; "Guidelines for Determination
of Needs"; October; 1959.

1:11.-

 

 

 

a _ c _ 1 y , .
' 'I \ l . ~ ' f ' ' ' I' ‘ ’ 0' . f ' l l “ ' 's h '.
lu- ' or! Jit -’- u - V (.l . al . J Au).V " - I- t'u‘ “ ['.. - 4n 'V- ‘ \ " - ’ ' '.
' O t 9 - .
- , . *" fi I ' ‘ ~ -\ . .- . ' . -.
. .3 ‘-,~«_. ' 1 I ..I.i .31." -. ... ‘.W . Jun...“ \ - ...11 0.3 much "1!..- It}
. | v \ v ‘ ' -. " ' a o r , a . a
' ‘ ' __’ ' 3: g r ‘ ' ._ "‘ ” ,1 'I'On: .' "' f. ‘ " ' ' ."
’.-. -t .1- .-. . r -. ' Ir fl ..b-. -11.. -‘ --~'~"_-nl a) -'-' 1".“ Jae ... ~-- ..A-ia-I ..‘t5-‘L .l-‘ ‘:.. ‘I
g _ v .‘ a ' ‘ v n n .
' t r. “1 - -' u ,V ‘ ‘ a . g. u I' ' - " r \, \'.,
». ‘ - '.- 0" $1! -. —' '... ‘1 Gt. . a '- -‘k I. < ‘1' ..’-0 ..~ ..1 I;..i ' .s‘ . us ‘ 4 . s 1 ' ...
3 I. i ‘ ' . I ~
. ~ 3. ' ‘ as i '. f ' .' ' . - 9' " . fa .. _ - '
f -- Ht :1... J n ..a loll-u. M . .\;.“ '.~ ‘ '.'.. DU ‘ ‘1 -- j- q. in '
n a ‘- r I ... , r a
I ' ‘ , i l . r . , '1 . ‘I V ' ~ ' u -‘ o,
'- -: Ion-t: 'a ' ' I \' (,‘. l’t..‘- I-n‘ "‘ ( I, I‘»‘ .J I‘ 3". I. .b1._. ’..4.-. l‘!’ " ('
f. I _. _: ~' ' _.‘ . ' _. . ‘. _ l‘; . . ' r‘
v 4 . l _ v 0 ‘ I q
. a ..J . .' . 3' ‘r ...n ‘ _ _'. t , \' ... ~.I.( ‘.- .1, 4 .1 \:.,- \ ' t ..J lu' . , . 1', 0.x") 7'
u L .
\' ‘ .‘ 4 ,‘ g " w v . . a.
. Q Q J' ‘I -. l ". ' . I. -'.'I 1.3..
in
f
w!
l
i
-" -~" -0 h.” H .0 - - 0. ‘-‘ M.- - p-‘-‘ ~ I
. . ' . p 3‘ ‘ V _ _ . ‘ Q“- a.
-.I -_ ."' ’. . -.. a l- ,. - ... . . . u. . l . ... . 1‘ . a " H ‘ ._ . u. ‘1
:IL- Js I. . . «-..J-' -. .. 5. D's... ..- ‘-‘-.1N'~ c-vuv'. .- -\~ o'h.‘ L1. .-‘..“d‘..'\.‘-1..)'-L;~
. . ‘. , -
, I" .' ‘2 ' 0' ~ . f-
. -. , - .... -. ‘ ...:2- run -.u

Yan

on

CHAPTER I
HISTORY

The original pine forests of the Lake Chippewa Flowage area
‘were Indian hunting grounds and the scenes of many conflicts
between the Sioux and Chippewa tribes. The Lac Court
*Oreilles (Coo'-de-ray), which in French.means "Lake of Short
Ears", band of the Chippewa Tribe gained supranacy of the
land by the mid 1700's after driving the Santee Sioux from

the Upper Chippewa River Basin.

‘Yanke and Canuck loggers appeared in the 1840's with axes
on their shoulders and the cutting began.

Back east the slashings were getting bigger, the smoke
of forest fires thicker, and the green chunks whittled
smaller. Looking up through the long shadows to the
green crowns, they calculated that there was enough
cork pins in Wisconsin to patch hella mile, to last
forever. And when they got to the Chippewa Valley

and saw the majestic sheen stretching over sylvan hills,
even these case-hardened timber beasts paused and re-
moved their battered head-gear in respect for the
accomplishments of the Almighty.

In 1842 the Federal Government tried to force the Lac Court
Oreilles to migrate west. However, very few Indians moved
because of the fear of their old western enenies, the Sioux.

1Swift, Ernest; "The Chippewa - Flambeau Rivers"; The
Natural Resources of Northern Wisconsin; p. 29.

II :3!

l
1

e.‘s..,-...‘-.-:ll(.'.3 ‘a‘hbt: -~.U C. .53.).“; I‘d..-) v.43: e.

W‘ w. "mm ann'vwvn-v u—Ll—u

I ‘ .7 ' l‘ ‘ A. ‘_I . “ ' .27 ._ I
3;; ‘...53 liéfl‘sl a). {'..-«'1. 41;.) A3,». aficaz‘fiki';

I J a 'r I , _ ‘
,- ...”... ,, .. .‘ , .r- - " ...... ,
.3LJJ C 4,.) {'...JJ“ :‘IJJLJJ I...) .4 J. up“. 1‘:

O

.

I
r
f."

;‘ i'.'.-u‘ . r"? , .~ .. ~. . . ..,< ‘... ....p . 1.
a..--.’-‘-.:-5.a.a-‘.rv ¢-.xl.i.‘JI-.l..'~ Lani-.5 .4.“ 411..) all".
FL),

‘,._\ ,‘_L .4..'. .,,-_ . ,-,. ‘3' c ‘:A.,._ .|...
..ilw...‘ UJ ~.’..'..(.):.. blues... ,.,u(:.~:. ALL; 41:31.“ .'..'\.‘..J

' ,~ .- 4-. r r ‘

-4
o
'-
v
o
\
n
a

12.431171;

..2 .‘ T -u ., ‘ ' . , r " ,- ', .u . .- .

h‘ Cilwdyt (Vl ‘ '10!- .‘-’~‘. f-‘..J.a~.}fji ‘hu‘d 3‘31" ( J {-1
a

"':' j ’I "\\I ~-' 'I w. I“ I' :- " “’ ', 7-] .. -.. ‘ ." .' . I

'.-)..i- 1.0 & 13!..4 .;‘~.f--.‘,.‘\ ..‘ll- (; (J ._'

1",, .g . . _, j I, ...;. . ....
(«£3.35 1. l.'..:.‘y".-,‘\(. .~.:‘.‘=./C.‘ '.‘l<..£i~?.j...‘-'._'-i: ”flu-Lg,

".‘J‘LL 6;qu s..r..i::_‘..ls£le;

‘ I.'.‘. \’ WV, ‘0
.- ‘Js’ ‘96)» K
n
I ' " 8 o F
. . ‘ "l‘ ' s' h' '-0- ‘ . I 05.. , h
"’\J .i-(‘ch “In ." I'.‘ a... ’3. -‘s . - '1 1"!

-. -
' -v. - -*‘

;.';;.'5.'(..Li Jinn .-‘il'J 'J .10.“. (.‘is I.§".'."L’2::} 31151?"

M z;i‘.-‘.~‘-;-._,:1‘«,L war; r;‘_,.-av ,‘.z.'.;v:;.‘.;:r.ng

‘i
a

. ‘. r --
.e~ - .e ' r .v _ ... _
_ ir.‘.l..t:-w-t C. . '1...‘ -I 6 NJ ’..; ,,.I.'.

aims-JIM ‘..-“,2st =.~-;::.t3-i..u:».".'

b " ' f‘ . V ‘
\" -' \" ’ l "- . " ' l ‘ "e I' ‘
I’u‘ (... ,t_-_ . h-.. ...-.lt. .— J «2' -.‘ V).
‘...
. . ~ . ~ s.

a}... ‘-'-. ‘. esJ'J'LL l':i-.1.'l'- 33.1'.‘ J
a -’.' . s ”I. ‘.., '-. .'
: - I ': ’v'rlkl d‘ Ilkl...’ ‘..: ‘-1 -’ 1.....4 ,‘V J—s'k!
. .’ ' v ‘. \
""‘--".- "f .1 “v“:

1w” ‘ 5 Ir .. L I sm- ..-- _‘ . K

[5 all; L3 «3.1 I-.'.‘.=.Iir..2':.: L410 fi-J'JJLA
' '7“ - ~ D'4-" ' ‘.. ..-,. -. .. V... .
31‘: till": t; ..-_...- -,._‘.:'.'|..;.~.c. 1.3. ‘an L'f’

_‘ . . .,r tr

I\g\

. _ ,. . v.
...'f_. . '.u ., . .,. ..,‘., .. _-. '5
. --A-.‘. ‘..)-l a.~‘..'..'..-‘. dl. ' '.('.‘ -'0

'."1'IJ -‘_:‘1--..:.c.-(a.2 .'.:;.'.;:.‘..'.;3. '.‘3
, 2311!.2’01; :1 mar.» .L'
- .z - ,1 _,.‘_ -...,,.
-.xJQUC‘UJ...’ m. (Jun-3 .-'}.l..r.)

L’J azzm'la: i—(Lr.

a _ ' v

‘.. r, , ..y. . ‘... ' ‘.. -

'r J -x‘r v“ n: {-J‘ I s’n.‘ I '.“J '. ‘ V ‘.n-‘a
.,_.I e .a 7 3'

— ..- ., I“ .‘no - ’.. _ . f ' ‘ ," 'I’ t ..
311:..‘r‘v('r_) -.-.JIJJ'}. 7:313.) many}. 11-.

. ‘..4 ‘. . , .-;-| ... . 2 ..v- x ..u - -.n , . ?_ a ... ‘ F0. : .... q -. :I'. - i-\ 1". . .x - a .-
sud—11-1 .. rhea: ‘ (.;~'.=.1.'.‘:Ji.|:’) {14324.}.‘5"! u... (I 43.9”..-) -. CI “3.1;... 334,1 4.0 1'3" #2I.J$.‘7‘~H

. nrn . _ . v I" v I"? a x'. I, H" -l ' .. . r. , , '.
Q' , n r ' a" ' ". ' ' . 3' -‘l — t. i I I 1.1!." — .. . . I“ ' " . ‘.' - ...... 1 o. - . , -a.
-? -.\ t (vJ-«o'\)-‘.-- .--«)« “d.“mIJ. .s .- -.‘.hu "[5 J.I/.\’ "3:4" (w‘ 0.; 92' - . «3- A v: -
cs bu... " ‘

»" (I O 9 a i Q.-

.. . I- I - I ‘ '\ " v . of - r - ~ l ' . ’ ' . . I ”- r‘ . .

. s-I . J. “- -*- ‘J”()\ d... ‘A -L-" ‘1‘. ‘-l ‘ a \ Q '~ . 1": n ' .t ..- y—.'— ' v. ‘- ‘
' .s .. v o a on 5 o a- —-'- .v-.--. ‘A. a -h¢.n Q—O -. -‘D O - v -‘ a “ 0‘4. - l a

--I.--‘-M‘u.watA-u. .... ----.mM-c-‘mh-w-- ...

0??
Ore

bou

Tn

pr

f0

13;

15

Although the influx of settlers and loggers put the Govern-
ment under pressure to move the Indians, there was enough
opposition to this action that a 70,000 acre Lac Court
Oreilles Reservation was created in 1854. The northwest
boundary of the reservation follows the West Fork of the

Chippewa River and bisects the basin of the present reservoir.

During the 1850's the Chippewa watershed was the proving
grounds for new methods of logging river driving, and
milling machinery. It was an area of bold enterprise, and
the economic, social, and geographic atmosphere was rapidly
taking on new dimensions. The pine era lasted about 50
years, but the lumbering continued with hardwoods and
'hemlock for a growing paper industry.
The onslaught was ruthless and wasteful beyond reason
because timber was thought inexhaustable...with little
regard for humal, social, or legal niceties. Theft of
government timber was common... . Timber inspectors re-
ceived no local support... . Labor was cheap and
equipment and transportation expensive... .
The era from timber to tinder to trees brought overhwlelming
problems and difficult adjustments in Northern Wisconsin.
By the late 1800‘s, logging was in full swing and records

for board feet sawed were being set by local sawmills. In

1887, due to laws passed by Congress, individual members of

 

2mm; p. 30

8‘ t1

'9
5

 

- -, y-
. .‘ L, . -.
l I '.IA.‘ ' t-
. H
‘I -’ ~ ‘...\-
p ,. ... -', ,
u! '.. . A-s-v J.
.
O
.y! "
~ '§ C, -»x.
.
I , 'I v.
.1 ’Ca.‘ \ _. ..a
u-
. . -'r
. t . 4‘ . ‘

. u.
t ‘ - r‘ a ‘-
‘--'..-'a!. s.-. A..-)
'a

II.
I
\“C- “1'. ’
‘-‘3 ':
.
r -. s,
It
'e. ‘» - l‘-‘.‘
n _|- e -1 ’
‘flf ~;-5-....'~. J- ‘..;—
: I -. ..
-tk.‘ u}. -JA2'.J.

”I n. ,‘ ‘-

--' .I. ._. - ’. ..fl .' ‘I- L

..I . ..I ' 1‘. I ., :. . ' 5.0.— :a .14». IL-
. ~ ,-5 ,p.,:1,“ _.. “ ‘..-
. , ,J. '...J c ,1.._-..p-. .. -’, .3...- i3.
‘ ' .- ...
- . ‘ ‘. l~:. -
I “ I 8 ‘1 " "\ ;' J, 0“} "r

’ I '- " a ‘ .v
e I s ‘ I u ' u
I. ilu [... E L. -1- I)»: 11.}- :I“-' £13.}
I I \I \ 1
‘ ‘ I ‘.. V, ’D ' .
, .. . ‘ . ‘ '. .. ., ,. r .._.
.».- ‘.. 4.....1' -L '\. ..n .2 ., "Jo-.... H ..l a
I ' a :'
J‘- - a' 0‘." it.‘ ( "V. l'g‘f" mo, i1‘..\i

-- ‘8 1‘
. a
F 1

Q‘ ‘ 1 .‘I h '. '.
{f u. . L.\'...‘..;’,a -. , . .
.4 (

. e .- s
' f ' " I " : 3 ‘ .
«‘-.- ..xi - r'\¢ ‘ . 1"":«l—‘v. .
‘ I c . . '. I .
. . I“ 1 ‘ :- ...' '..\ lo'. i —r- a '
O
' . -e ' ..p

au-
f"

:.p

5. .-
pa

5?

LI‘:

f-

‘ ' D n ‘s u . . s , g . 2
. I . ' ~... '1 , . -‘ ."- .. I , u . '.‘4 , - ' . .'."I ‘
J‘n. { ' -I‘ a '3.) ’3 .7, -..‘ ‘ '-’ l.“_--L-’ {JV .L'a’. of.‘ .' c ‘_ '-J I '. " \g'. in: I .‘

. , s _ . I . ' .' . ‘ l ‘ :0
, I - nu '. . 0 ' I. g .' " . . I 'n ,
a L; I ..' J ‘a ,_ “ l: . \4 I‘ 0 - t li-‘ “-9.5" 1 (4-. <. o Lui.‘ a’us'V .- u . ..~.’i-". 242’
ii, I' 0‘ n ‘. , lp" ’. rt :1 1° :\1 '. - ‘ 'j-‘a :1 '2 ' ‘ "'er 5.
. '..... '. . 1 ' I) .. .2 I... ‘.a : ..n.‘,.-'(; - I.’ - .3 I” ... “,-..‘. .Ji'-) {1‘1" . - I
. - 7 “'... ‘. ' ‘ - . . . .f _ , _,. . ‘.. .J; ...!
c :-- I '- —‘ -' V in --‘s ‘ ‘ --- .\ .IJ-n -.‘u ‘I' t.. I... ~ ’ o . I. .‘.L-- (g‘ ‘ J‘).e
. - r _ -. . . r .
’0‘ -. e t " "f'l' .- - .‘e .‘ ys- - . ' " " l\,le '~ ~§ . '
.. .'-_\ L-‘ 1...“.i ‘u‘I .-.(.u' . .‘ .“I! s .‘ It‘lnl .’ ..sJ. . “ . 'A..'. 1 u' )"' ( {3, ,‘__., I.
I t | I Q s
‘ r '5- ' ' ~:" fl, ' [I q n , 0‘ o‘ . f q ' ..~ ,'~ "
‘4 t .a . I ...‘: In. ’ -‘- ..s" I.- t } ‘...‘l.\ ‘J .. 5-. . -\.‘."_‘ u-I'm' '(lid‘ (o‘m’wl‘ S':v-I
, e I 8 . 1 .
‘ “ ‘s r- ' ' ‘ "V ' ' . - ‘ ‘ ' — '
- s \ ' A ‘ ." ‘7 ‘ V I- ' . o . . _~. ._ a
4‘ el'IuJ‘.va ’.L E . '1‘ ..l!,‘_," ‘O‘MJ. .—;t.‘(l..\.J---lo- . { t..-‘-J id‘s Lv.l...¢-..'..'
. . . V -
. I. ‘, . ,‘r. .I_ . . . . . ‘. '.n a , J l _. _
u .. ...“, w: .- . a ,.- via-...- -.z‘I' - ‘.22-.-;. .v.,:. ”.4“: ...hn ,a,'..,;,1‘
' \-
e‘ ' ' a " '-
...». , . ." ‘ . _ .' ' .. ’... ‘ '
' "4 isJ""‘ ’ on r‘ " '4" ‘ 'rJ-s. -l‘-“ -'| ’ g. .\.k ." Jabs.}‘. -1. ‘1‘1.’
. I . . . .
H H - . . ...“ are; “f“, 4.. _ ,.‘I . ‘ ..
(0' i.- " ....4...v ‘4 '...-4.! I '..-‘..., 13...: ‘....» Z—u 4-: c‘ 547.: w.) 1"‘O-I- 8-0‘4‘.’ I‘E-‘J-
: . . 4 r ' . 5 - - . .
a p ' ,\ '- . p - -. ’... ‘- II 2 . -‘ ' . a s. ‘ ‘_' an. ,. ¢ . al ..-
" O I O a ’.- 6-. t}! r— [-1. .Jar, I‘ a...J 9.6.! J '. ‘. ..k-g .f§.-L¢.J~"" '.l
"-. . “ . ‘ {i o 7‘! r v' ... '.. (u ‘A .-,‘..I_ - as: ’ -. 't' ' In. I?“ ’. s
. '.J '.. -. .‘ ~.’, .‘ Q . - oe- u‘v‘ ‘-l. ('.-.. 9’ 4'... ‘ .a u‘ ,1.- a.( .' 3- v I “ ‘ J-
. ‘. .. . .l. ’ . C -. _ Ir ' . _.
> . _. . f. ;. ' I 3‘? . as: p . ( -l —r 1‘. .
54.x. .. I --¢'..-L O O. 05-.st- --‘I(\"~‘ $5,...) -\ ‘lt- di-v H€-'.""4'l c"I\‘
I‘ ~. . a D ‘ I ‘ l. ‘ A. a " I ' . f r ~ 1. , I E. Q. v- . . ' ; r <_ -~
.. . . o .. . _, .
‘ '-i I..- .' ...l *.-s-. g ...J—LLi.—:--ot. ...,.u,'.,. Mil ..'.-J-. '.o‘
“" 9,11,. { ‘3. r“ n '.-'-'- .II: r' “"\ r: . a- "‘ f 1, re -'- . '..»... . .,,._
. . . . w' '4 -'- “.1 i '."l ~‘,4".ba. ‘u' (4‘ -'. ' ... .I ‘ “C'J LI .'. -7 o- 1). - ’ J f' I -'. Il' 0' J
. I ‘\ :—
'7' .‘ 1" I ... 1 .' a": oi ..I“. 8". 0w ‘- - A -‘ o-- I " ." -" «' ' .'n f.“ ' "I‘
. I) ...~.. ‘ (1-. .- £a~r"-}J-J Lu. .1 Jung“? (:1 ..-'fl:.;-a.-: 1:12)..- .54?) .'-‘.’.'.
p .‘ -' a ., I . g ‘ ‘ l. . ~ I
. ‘ - - s '. ‘.. - -J'.. . '.., .. ,.,o.'- ,- ‘ -’ . __.. . . 'k } ;.~ 1., 4 ' ~ } 45" '- .. ~-, -' —- -
-. a 1.! ... :1... “0:; a“). ..-.hd a.) ..H; I. 5': .....IvJ- .L .; -...,: . um (. t.._;,‘. (J, r
I

Q
Q s
U
.-
f
I;
‘ L
-:I
L',
i J
I
I .‘
OH

n-O- . o. “column-n- --. ”ufiuv- .—O- 0‘...

(31. .
.18.. o ‘

16
the Lac Court Oreilles owned allotments of land and were
freeto sell this land, Logprs bought their way into the
reservation and completed the cut. Fires followed.
Each year there were more miles of slashing, each year
fewer green crown of majestic pines to grace the de-

nuded hills. Each year the primeval wilderness re-
treated like a wounded animal, and fires seemed to

forever flare and languish or explode into a holocaust,
untilasmoke hung on the air from spring thaw to fall
3110' e

We the people let fires destroy more of our timber
resources than loggers ever destroyed. This era was
black on the landscape and black in Spirit. It was
complicated by depression and drought.
By early 1900's the pine forests were gone with only isolated
patches remaining. Mbst of the areas that have been burned

ever produced lush thickets of aspen and birch.

Creation of the Reservoir

The Chippewa and Flambeau Improvement Company was organized
:in 1911 by the owners of the water power sites, both
cleveloped and undeveloped on the Chippewa and Flambeau
ltivera. This company was given charter power to create and
Operate a system of storage reservoirs on the headwaters of

the two rivers for the purpose of regulating the flow of

 

31bid; p. 31

“Sorden, L.G.; "The Northern Wisconsin Settler
relocation Project, 1934 - 1940", 125 Natural Resources
gfi Northern Wisconsin; p. 135. -

Q‘— ..,1.....-...-.‘.

-\ ... 3 2 .I ' .. ‘ l t . »-.. '_,. ‘ ' -
\.‘ -- . .."v'.- o x- ‘ H (in. . “ I‘ ~ t F. .
» I-_ ~ . - t . .g . .. v w} ‘--7’ I-' K'
I-) -‘J ' ((3 d, “ 7“ . 1 "' ,‘K ' _. '.J . ‘( r-J ‘J‘— J»
’ \-
c ‘ . "S ' . ' ' ' { l'c '- ' '..- " ‘ ‘0'
'.. - . .. . ' 1 J - It. _ t . I ‘kl.'.-‘ vl ‘ .‘u' e
.' l e V _ , '. " I, no
\I _ t' ...l 4‘.‘ ..-- \ - L .J- . ' .‘ . a a“.
k
, . .‘
. , - ‘ o-_ er_~. -
. u - ~. '.z U l. t - I t r‘ ..J‘.‘-"a’.‘.
. ‘.
I ' I ‘ V
I - . -. v n r I - ~ . '
-~ '1' ‘.n-‘ .‘J1J - 0:0; -C. " . a. I ‘..}l.’ '1
I. , . n ' _~ . f I , ‘ -: .,, .. .
|. I .
.....- LI“ 1‘ \u’. " -.‘ 5 ‘ EJ‘UL':( II ‘.I-.Ja '.4 ..5J-j
. - ‘: "," " . > "‘r F A (J ‘a F: ‘I II. ’
...-111 -~_( , , ' 8' ‘I.[..--.'J‘ ". . _«_ ..,14-0 - I..- - U ..K -.
‘ . :C-s , ; " .\‘_; ‘r . a ‘f ' j I l :1, t '.. 1 ' " -1 ‘.f‘
I‘v-‘q nt'ltl -‘ ‘..‘ -'-A o—.\.. - '1. ll. '~".'~-n§ . .7, -‘—~J‘~‘
‘0 ..7 . ,, ..
O ' {'..La
‘. ..-. . , . ‘ ~ : r ’.- ‘
. . , . , . . .
' ..t I n ‘. k 4~~‘\.- ‘1 ‘ . .3. - - ’... ’-..(‘.§' ». l \‘ -' a
I ' l“ ' ‘
u YI ,, ‘ — . a ‘ - o 4‘ - .r o-t o ... 4»
' .' — ’ I | -. .‘ E 'a .‘. :(‘ ('...- l ‘J‘ ra.i“afljll.‘ c. . 4'.
an y-.
e- I r .- g ’- I C
" n (I a .u at v- u g. .. 'I a\ is .
0"- as J __ ' r '-.:l !. I Jo -'. - I. J'Jv'u'5I"
,.,,,...._ .1,, ,. -' .,.n.,....;{,-.. .,
.&'« 3-'{'-'- I.’ I Ln'~’ ‘41‘55 (at: l -K‘. "A , J '.‘ans.U '.-. '- I -‘.M1
l s .
" t' 1 - " “1' t. t' -. ‘ ' 1”” 3' '(I r"t‘" 1.0'
“V V l 't‘ b" V". ' ‘3‘ '..1 ." I ” u, (I I .5. —5 ALL, i\"\
a ‘ U
. . s o ,s ' o' - as , -- I. .. s-h \
d 31...: LII. ’ ....‘v ‘ P: .a -\ \1 J 4 ’ ., 11.1“. an 1‘) -i. a’. -a L- 5..“
,.'-. 4'. . .- a‘ ' . -' . ~‘ -. . u r i .1. r r' '{ .. ‘1».11‘3
’. ‘13} L' _._ '..,» .. -..‘ ‘3‘...’ "_.A-.,f .: I’. -.l_.. L.‘-';'.."! ".'{‘-.-f ..L'; s} a!
' - .-. °.'. . .~
' x'a..'v"_’.5\ ("if . ' " '.., 2 ft :3!“ 1’" ('3‘: '

p. . ‘ -,- ’ - , . .n .
.~u‘ ' -- ...-v - .. ‘1'- .-'.- A . “--. Wat-v-vct -..-..-..-"

.0 . . . ..I , _. . .. 1. . . . ‘- - ..
1:11.: UL: ~ -;)..-L'-L.JK':.:5v.1“ 13131-1 z...;!{;(,‘--,‘j-L'..:L.

:1‘ -"',‘.I ‘ . 91w 1": r! :- -.- ' ? v 'i' ....~ ~--.: ‘
-.....) 1.3-5 J-.‘~-. 9. '3-31' \dro‘ailr'fi.) {..-si-A .é-aA' 6‘ .. . L

., I; -. ' '.v, . ...:w w.- . . _ . u a ‘ T3 _. ..,,. .n'. a‘ , ,~. .. -s‘ . . .
s4 ”J- [ V’Js.» t)»; J, n} .,,,l .K‘, .I a", .‘." aI-,,'._l- J1K’g. B “I _. t; J, ’7 :b'

L - D a - ... o u ..‘. ~
. -.sr's u-.- .10., and -1 1» J «. J
hum. O Iv.-. an”-- .o.; .0 ~.- --C-C-Q--.- .- -
.. I". u- u r- . ...
s . if ‘5‘ I": ) V
-\‘_‘o . Q ‘ 1.. is-.-
.s
‘-
. ( '1 ' " '
. " a ' ’,‘- t, -' ‘ a : ‘ w
.-..— 4..-.L|.4 .JilJ. ‘.£-.L- ‘1) 1'! -.L'\,¢
.‘ I .f‘...‘ h " -' r .. s ,' O - b-
l ‘ . I . I a ,- I .. " a '\ ' s.-
t »"."{_.L C .'.4.".“ ‘.u ‘JJ‘ '.f,‘ ' l'i..-._HIJ-..tl.:.-fta
.- 1 —
’ ' ' I ‘c ‘ e‘ l', . D '. Q ~$.— - _
aL.‘.u. 0‘3 (Cl-".13“ w '~..s).~-;’f.". - f'
.0. O "O -- 0‘ s - - - O-v-O-r- I“..- 9' .0. .-.--0

water for
mum,

of 1 mm}:
selected
It was it
3013 in :
impracti
the Wise
Northern
ind lees

‘Pprovaj

Ptoj ect
c(Impany
individe
“Perla

Pusons

17
water for downstream power production. Soon after organ-
ization, the Improvement Company made preliminary surveys
of a number of reservoir basins on the Chippewa River and
selected the site where Lake Chippewa Flowage is now located.
It was intended that the owners of the power sites were to
join in financing the construction. This was found to be
impracticable and an agreement was reached which permitted
the Wisconsin-Minnesota Light and Power Company (now the
Northern States Power Company) to proceed with the development,
and lease it to the Improvement Company. This plan had the

approval of the Wisconsin Railroad Comission.

Project lands were purchased from the C. E. Wise Land
Company (this land had been purchased from the Indians and
individual owners), the Dells Paper and Pulp Company, the

Superintendent of Hayward Indian School, and from private

persons.5

On August 8, 1921, under an act of Congress dated June
10, 1920 and designated as the Federal Water Power.
Act, the Federal Power Commission issued a 50 year
license for Wisconsin Project #108. {his was the be-
ginning of the Lake Chippewa Plowage.

s0.8. Department of Agriculture; "Lake Chippewa Flowage
Report"; 1967; p. 3.

6Ibid; p. 4.

I til

‘.I
' ".~v"¢f DEC-r we”. v1va—LJ'H

c “31.4

The lake 1
high, 995
section cc
feet high]
of 35 feel
15, 1923.

filled En

On June 2
ruling as
company,
Northern
control ;
m dew
cost of 1
detemin
“index 1
necessa;
included
impound...
to be a1
galfiber w
\

he

8

9

lb
Ib;

18
The lake is controlled by the Winter Dam. It is a 45 foot
high, 995 foot earth fill structure with concrete sluiceway
section containing three Taintor Gates (20 feet wide by 26
feet high) and is designed to raise the water level a maximum
of 35 feet. The lessee took possession of the project on March
15, 1923. The gates were closed and the spring runoff

filled the reservoir.7

On June 27, 1939, the Federal Power Commission issued a

ruling establishing the original cost of the project to the
company. They determined that as of December 31, 1927, the
Northern States Power Company should establish and maintain
control accounts beginning with an entry of $910,270.28 which
was determined to be the actual, legitimate, and original

cost of the project.8 Of this amount, $239,765.12 was
detenmined to be the purchase price of the land, the re-
mainder being construction costs and other expenses

necessary to satisfy terms of the license. These costs
included the erection of the a new village site, replacement of
impounded homes, rental of tribal lands. The Indians were

to be allowed the free use of the impoundment to hunt, fish and

gather wilde rice.9

‘—

7Ibid; p. 4

81bid; p. 4 ,
91bid; p. 3

F"

 

1

7a.". (,.

:-1, ‘n' ..“-'e_an 9......wa

I
I .'I
. r a h o p a
. -A . . ~ - t .. w . . _ _ '- '1 '_ . rw -,
s " :‘-' ... .(1 \«-A u; - .o E !. st... ‘lll- '- he .ét' 3 .. .L—a (' - ‘9‘ 1' "-'« '4.. ‘oe. :.1 3 ’1
s
. >. I ' . " . ' "‘ K - '— f ' .— - I.
- 12' ~ . . 1 ~ . - W 1 .. - 1 1 ' ' ‘
- ., .,,...>-...-.r ...)- .. b . I-.. -..-....-. 1.0-‘8)' ....' ... t. . - .A
. " 9 I ’ . , ‘ I - ‘ u . ' - -‘ e u
_ . ‘ an, .. f . Q —) g. "' y a‘f.‘ . ' f o. .‘ . ’.. ‘ ' -J -':t I~.-‘ .’
.,, ., - . ._ ,, .,1 ' ./‘ s -L . . . Pl v 1 .1. . -4... -4 ..J.--. 1,... ou.n§.~ .- v .. -JI.’ he
. .' ' . ' s I e g l P D ..4‘ .
_v~ . '1 . . ’ 1 ‘ 0‘ . " ."‘v ' , ‘ so. .
'j l . i ’ ’. d. ‘3‘ l n- “ :.‘ . I. ‘V‘J ' '. -. ' : ‘ju- : el ". -~“N; l (Auu " 1'. 1‘. .'-.l¢-‘ C: :l ‘ Jx
‘ . — 7 . Q" I . ’ ' : “. « I l ' V'. .... I: '
’,. . l.‘ ‘.. a, '; ‘J 't 1 ’.. " .2. () le- '..,c‘s‘al ‘... ‘1‘, ‘.>..‘ (.1 ..I I) 5.4. .0. O .ir.L . .‘9.’ A, —« kk. -‘. '..
. a
. ' . . . :- ~ .. ... I . ,— I' _ I ... 1
. - "~ 1‘ I . ‘ ' e ' r . ', ‘- . . ~ ,‘~ ,' ~ .
-.-.\.l ...e. ._r.- .s \. ..' . {:- I ‘2-\.-.J.- .’.- .. 0n. ..e I 4 .2, .1 .-L_...‘ .L ‘3...“
I.
\ . . ...
‘ '. . I' “1 (1.: \' u ', r r ,'
. "Q ‘- ~ -' -I “ '.’ n‘ . ‘ \I A A4. ..
' ‘ .J ' n ‘ l I. ' . 'i' if \‘10 ‘ 1' I,
.- a . ” v, -‘- . ° ‘ ' "' s I... . ‘ ' “ o
3: *.-..-.k..1-'. 1 (.3 (Jk--'.' - _ ' . x: . ..L.I.‘.-l .' . .; t1 "‘..-J. ‘ .2. JL‘ .a ’f'\
u , v. - ‘ .— o ' e g
’ "I "C '0‘ " F' .‘l " v ' n 1 ."' " '. ' l- '~~ - { I r‘ H" '1 " ' f' '
5‘.“ (.‘d .d '.| ‘1 ‘? -."‘y.a c‘ ‘1‘ or" '... ' 0‘ .- F1'J‘. - -h‘." . ‘.rj . if“. ‘ ‘ro‘ ...“ "3" '.. 1 . rc1.!.“. 3" -l
, 9'- ‘ . l . ' - . . ‘ s , ' .r ‘ 0;. , . .
I. _‘ C \._..._', ¢_.I_ , ' 1.....0,- 1‘ -v‘.‘ --.- :2 ...-1' ; .;’.1.}- --.. --.."f L ‘...«* .‘il-“J . It 1
_\ p t r rwu, v. _ . , , , . ..enav _.- ...Is _ '
' , -ey . - s . w , e ... ‘ . ' . . _ . .p . ‘ ,
.__\,_ '... d‘e- J’: }~.".L‘fl -53..) a-|‘v’)I'- ll ‘ ,V.. !l.-‘*"§J 5‘: I {' ‘..‘\' JI ~.(. -. h V'sJ-x ' in -‘1 .J' ‘..! ~V‘-‘t
~ r .‘r‘ :‘ " . . - ‘ _ o e e ‘ v-
" . . .. ..‘ . ‘ t l i .v .. .‘, . D. . I‘ s. - e .. , e... - .I ‘ .' .— r. '.'. . ’-... .
,‘.,..’ '1 ~ \. ,I'. . g! ‘ 5'. ¢ '.-...-‘,. | - \’ . 3...: 3 ‘ ’ ‘r w. ‘-'o\‘ .‘1 we I '1'. all '.... '« I 5* ‘1-4- ‘ .lr\l\‘-’\.' l“ J. l'-.. c'il ')
. a- I l ‘.. O. 0 : , . a' O o .. r
-. -1~ ' :u ._ , l w: r o '- ‘. 3‘ . .' , , ~ - ~ " . , ,V I. .w
-5 ' K 9'. .‘ o - .- 's- L.) I 5 .' ‘ ' h, ,' :. .9; ~’ I" I, J‘ ’..: ‘ 0'“; ‘1 ‘0‘; no" . . .‘ 1 NJ «I' \ ‘ ( 'u' '~- I - . " .1 cl . . '~) ‘Je ' '
I.’
.. .. .0 ., . . I
l "‘ " a u ‘) ‘ .:', - . ‘ . .3 ..,, 3') s I_‘ . z IJ . . i -F. .. . '..-{‘.. ... at u ') -‘ . ‘....‘
t. . s . .‘1. . \— \ c I\,.,- (v‘.- . . ) I.-.A. ... '. .. ... 3 . I, .‘ I .41., u'.‘ ”Higou
C
3 , l e . '
' . x , I _ . - ‘ .I ' l .'
.v ' - ' I . - , s s ' I . - ‘ ,, .\ b '. . e. . _ .
“.P... -. J Q “‘5 .A. \.A.~..\ - 'J‘ ~‘»J. ...“ i ‘1 4.1." "4 ..‘I Lchl (...) ¢.'1.‘:!.I h -'-)- ‘..)
0 g as .
i , ""!,~' ~ . a. f. .1 ~ \-¢\‘ ' -'.- - . ‘. _ .. .1, I ‘ ,' e... .
\l 'Ull- ‘, -’ .- l .i‘~‘ -'I-- ‘J M.” ‘J‘ J r“_“‘,d.-J‘ -;\l Mal—(4"; . a;-'.-JL‘ M e,\.le1'.. '41...
.‘ .. - g -' , ;‘ .1_ ¥ . E. . .'I ‘- _ ._| _ _' s. u,» . ‘ c’ g". -f .‘rs--r.'.-,,.’ '
| . .l 1:. ' ‘ J ‘:’\-L .W ‘in ‘.‘e‘ c'. U’- -. a—(Il “,I}.\As:’.; I... “Po-5.. . 1‘6 ;‘\t ‘; J...II’.{.. »}-.' t.‘
‘ -
, . .- fl- '2 1 . O r . e .v -.
~ . A" .‘ '.e , e"- ,r . ‘ . - ' ‘~ I . '- " . ' 1 ' ‘ “'1‘ . - l,’ -‘-- .
.ot. . '--‘...'.-.-. .. ‘.'.r.;1. on-..-...1.s . 2: .-9 -..e ‘1 .\ ..ifad-M-a.) f3i<as L n .---L..:..(.:.
I
‘ I“! . .' ‘ ~ ' ' Q . ; O 1 '
'. n‘ '. . ‘ . ‘ r " ~ " .' ‘ ‘ " ' 2"" 5 " ' , ’ 3 1 ' .’ . ..
-. -' \.. 4... . s. a -1. ..'§.‘A.L . '-. 1.14.‘. .5. Lek-.u .1 .J .'. ..J J. .4. I -3. c I,. .-.. \‘a- 3. ~.' tr ...!wl. ' 1..
o ' ’ .l' . a I. . " r . T' ' v " t ' - I- t- ‘
A e. I A, ‘ I ' ‘ ‘_ w ~' -. - .. . Q. - ‘ I‘ 5 ) '.. 4 . I O . V . ' 'h Q , '-
- 'c -.-L id‘JSV'l” t v." [Jv. ..‘JL-‘J‘.' '- ‘.. . ". ‘. -' :3 - u .e.’ .J -s .kw . ‘..; A .) .‘. ... .|. #3 ’ .J \le‘
0
I
~ e .- s I ‘
.- a . . P , I 1 o - ‘v‘fl
. .. '..-u .. I"r‘_r '4 J .‘!.‘..0

~41 “w--- '-‘I‘ ’...“.--J-p '.I

O
Q .- u
" t» - ' .2. v. I' "’
. " . . ' ‘ o ., I..-
I 0 'e ‘.
g é: ‘ N a ,' '- x
.- . I. t ‘e. ‘ 'c‘»

-..:

19
Since the original land purchase was initiated for Wisconsin
Project #108, ownership has remainde relatively stable.
Within the project boundries there are some 27,260 acres.
Of this Northern States Power Company (N.S.P.C.) owns
approximately 25,300 acres and the remaining 1,060 acres
being distributed between the Lac Court Oreilles Band,
private individuals, and the Chequamegon National-Forest.
Land within the boundary which is upland or non-flooded
areas is approximately 12,000 acres. N.S.P.S. owns 75%
of the 181 miles of exterior shoreline and 90% of the shore-

line on the 120 islands in the Flowage.10

The Power Company has 34 leases outstanding on their
prOperty. They are presently attempting to redefine the
boundaries and acreage covered in the leases. Lease charges
are nominal. The Goalpany received $430.00 per year from all
its lessees. No new areas have been leased for further
developments for more than five years. In the past, the
Company restricted its leases to private individuals.
Several of the existing leases originated as trespasses;

people built facilities without owning the land.11

10Wisconsin Dept. of Natural Resources; "Public
Recreation on the Big Chip"; 1968; p. 3. -

lllbid; p. 3.

_. “‘5

;s"-—- m-—.—‘————

f

‘A» "'
_

w I.
_.

I
‘l ‘ ‘
I

. ...-- .A. p i
.. ; (;.5.0:¢‘.;‘.1J(:~.,..-4

’?
.‘o ’(‘.

r-

Q
. , . r I n . . : s
l '1 . . _ I . ‘ - _ ._ ..r . ‘ ‘ , . ‘. . ' .' , ‘ n ‘ " .‘ . 1 ‘ I
v-‘ . ..q‘. ..k '.J ..--.0... ‘..-. ‘.a .I l. V - .’ ..1- . I‘ e. - I. \. .. . ..l —. .- - o.
v . . I l -: . .
' s , - ' h 4 a l 5 I . ‘ I a
. .'. ‘ J:- to k... ”I... s‘ ' .— ' .‘ . I. in. .,' fl. l1. ' ‘.‘3 _ I]; l t t ._ _ . '.‘ ‘Lr s - '
-‘ . . R e v s
' I I \ ‘ ". I " “’ . ‘- n V‘ " ~':. "‘ a. .' ' ' .
. a I ‘1 4..I u.‘ - t | 17 Li.) 5.) —- ' l - ‘- u: ‘.I .r’_ - ‘ .- -J v . 'ot ' A 1‘ .4 I e». I". I . ., .'
" - ' . '-' -~ .I. .. . ' I.. ’ . ‘ .‘.- ‘ r
‘ . l ‘9‘ . 5's. .‘l ' I A. II ~ '- 5" ' ‘ ' \ I, (t ' I
.‘.- I a _ |, I , .‘ . \_-‘ J, ,1; \ .. .. ..1 :1 ‘ ~z . .-, .; ‘...-.J-
.. '- \O O O C l \- ' ,. I
- " . _ ‘ . 's " .' ' .- - -‘ . . r.
., . l‘ f “. . II ». ‘. I ‘ n _ . " . '~ _ . _‘ l . ‘t
'-..... J s_,'\.’ _c-. . i _ ._ 1 ’t-J L”! "a -\.i{s \IV‘X,(L..-- “.!--_"s'.’-‘- ‘.. '1 . 3"{1
'- ' - r r « . ' ‘ - . - . ' ' .'
’ ‘ 7 ‘ I‘ '1 , v . .‘ r p I . O . l ‘ I
t It'.* ‘..: I- - . ‘3 ‘ - —~4‘-"".. van L ~.H-J 41 ‘..I‘... ‘ r ‘J-r'r .. ..J‘- ..." ‘ l. . =
n. w - . l p I I Q . s-
.. s . A -' ~l ‘ n' u l H ‘ . I‘ I ‘. -. , Y II 'n ea.
\J- - L '. _'. l,;!;L.'_z_.‘ . 33,5. l“ ‘O 'I-‘." ' "a ' |¢ |- "x$'l ‘ ‘4".§L-{/'.‘_‘V -I I.“ s - ‘ I . .."
“ f ' ‘ ' o' ‘ h r I s . y ’ I“ I " ’ “r ' i ’ f’ ' . ‘.1 ‘ s i ' a P‘! ‘,
. s}!.-._.hi.\i‘li ..U '.Ii.\:a.‘.?'-'.-' a}... l;~"-~-_ . ‘. «,.' s:.‘/L‘~J 'o'J ..le .1- -7 o'il.‘.u.'
' ‘ “ , . V s ...“ I i. 'F, l r .. i -' ... ' v- . . ,‘ _ ‘ .' f- O. .-
c.'.| xxl. ‘. .' Q g .3. ... 1.5....) «1 .‘Lt..-'. '.- .‘J 1- . ..|..-' h i- t..- ‘...s.-....‘
- . .. e I s- v v I , -
.r . , r.“ _.., a -, ,. ..h 1 3..-, ..
'.s . 44L“ ¢‘-r: 0. \j I‘. "03 f ’u‘l.’ -!.l‘ -l.( '."*.Q .‘a (2., .'. . ‘3 g $ .'.~‘l ‘l L-‘ l-'. J,‘ g‘: I_‘/i I . K
.- ' .t , r _ . ‘v . .1 .. ...u‘[ ‘s‘ ' f . - a. z
-0 ,‘ I '1 v I ‘ ‘ F | ‘ ' ‘ ..\ '
O“x ‘ .‘. :Lq ‘:--. s. i‘tr).e .: K)”. wild J4(' ”1,23,
. _ a ‘ ‘,- ‘ ‘ ‘ r [A 'r a
a, .-.. ., . -,. . a -- -~ ‘, ,, .- . .\ \ ‘ e. r. .. -' ~ 0 - l ,‘
-..' .5 .J {U— 11.1.2 '14,)... £4.1"\.‘ t.--‘v~sl...-.-. I '.. 0' «is hi :fi‘ 1 (7“ ., ", ‘. . J 4.
\s
' ’ . l s ' O " '
~ ‘ ' s A I-‘ " 7: . » c , . q, ”:7 _ g . . . .~ 1' .. ). .... u p. .l .‘1 _)-. _ ,
‘.. OA‘J. - ,I-.) d‘. ‘1‘”! ~ I:.' m, " i “-1! (J \‘iite' ‘, ' 3' ‘ ‘ h) A)». ’12}. . J ..Ls'h ( n-a‘.’
‘0 A 9 H L L
. I ’ , I " - . f ' ‘ . r
a” X . (1 a -_ - r ', ‘ 7'” " t " \ "'. ' £""‘ 0 ' ' .; " .rl"
-..‘ .(.f",‘u‘g,,‘, .t. l.‘._:.‘,l_-. ...3 feet I.’.:v.1,~'v'i ,3 -J|.la'\ . ~‘IJ I-I.L_a 35".AJE. i :J(-.-
. f. ,‘ e . \- ‘ I, m -
""‘ "" '1‘ "' " I , -\"- ,"T r1"-,4 1 2‘ v ' . 4 '-9~
(v 1‘ on .1 I b ' \‘\ u'. l: A Utl ' . '9’.-9. ‘ - ‘ f' I U' “ a, ~’ g. 1“, a ' -‘ e‘v‘ ‘..}: \-L .05 ’5‘). c"‘( '11 , .' :‘I
s .‘ ' .’ " ' " ' a
l . ‘- - . . ' , f . . "oi. ‘ . I. I' 7‘ _ 4., . . . _ , . I ‘ a" . , r ‘- , _
- ’-.-.3 -.jx‘lo‘. u'.“.d‘\ 2.. " ‘1." A .1. 1’s’o-IL‘ ‘-'.‘JJVJ 1'. (: .,’.! B L'v' 3“ (a';‘ . I . - ’tai‘.‘ J -- h" o
- . - - O ‘a . ’. _ v
._ .' -: .,,. , . r . ,J. .,, ‘.. .. I.. ‘ 1.,. "I ., . ‘.. .‘ -... .‘.V. .. ”'.. _ _ ....Ies ’~>‘.
‘..: -\‘ s ”I I... t .4... I .t.,-t ‘ IJ: . ‘." cm} IJ._, — I ‘J g: o‘- ‘4 I.‘ ~ 4 : J 1“»! ‘3 -L ....O -‘s Run-l §l 4‘ ‘-' 11,-... Q. \f'u fl,
‘ l
.- .
‘ :r'r ‘ 7' 'O':' " ' r "V”.“L: 7"" 'n ' r-r. ' - .- " '3' ° .q" “"f r~.;' ‘-
...-..l...vi _z ‘J_.! J'.. ,.'-.v.-'.V.'.-'...: (.J c. ’ fir. ~J. gal” I .)-‘...‘ t 1‘- i 1 .u~r.'.'.'\.;
D. J‘
' ' " """‘ " :“.," “v!” ‘ .“""‘~ ‘3}. '.“gc. f , :~—.“-. : "I. c "‘f I. - 3.f\-r__fiv * '...
'l‘.»'l'.",:~,' ..fi-J V-l '3 '< {'..} ' ‘.'. '-.—‘ ..‘~ I'd-)‘O‘a‘nga. : [I coir}- " ,’- {A ’ I’ll -‘ ‘5 see-:0) uL-a' ’.,‘ ' u
‘w e-
' ‘
.‘ s- .
..n..L . ‘ . ...‘-- (’.. '... ‘...! .. "(“1" 3' ’ ...“ x 3' ‘ ' ~ .,g V .' C gr.’." ‘2
g r 4‘ t-:.". . '-..-.3 , '..1..-s.. . S. .- ’ J .a 4..) ..-- ‘.. +._;.,.s__.., . _'_ . p ‘4... .,,.g, -. I .3). I_L- .J 1,

'Is. '.- - ~ '.“.'.O I. .4 .5" -V'... - ‘ “-4“

. I f
. . l— -1 .--- I ._« ... . ‘_ - . . ' "I-_L
Illvl'. .ri‘o .Jb'1)‘ I‘-l.s.4(sll..".l'-i.‘-

Q ' . , '- v' I: '..-'o ... . - '.t f. s w _.
‘ ‘I .'.1afi‘-.-‘ .f.-'- I_‘ ‘1' ‘ 5‘ [J0 {111-A - ‘J-w .I .. 2

D. O
.. v 0 iv _' .
'. r‘ 1 us.

~

., L1

20

Present procedures are to renew leases annually, but to re-
quire and enforce higher standards. In one case, a lease was
cancelled because the leases failed to comply to a company
standard. The Company favors some develOpment, however, not in
areas which are now wild or semi-wild. They would like develop-
ment to be restricted to areas already partially developed.
These should be carried out by the Township, County, or

State under tenma of a lease from the Company.12 A

£112.52 £252.! 2!. __22.__Ch1 em- .9232

lhe Northern States Power Company, a Wisconsin corporation
(NSF-Wis.) is the licensee of Project #108 issued August 8,

l921 under the Federal Water Power Act....The project structures
are operated by the Chippewa and Flambeau improvement Company

(C & PI Co) under lease from NSP-fiis. and under the authority
which C &.PI Co. has to operate and maintain headwaters hm-
provcnenta under the laws of Wisconsin (Ch.640, Laws of‘ 1911, as

 

12lbid; p. 13

13Cnited States of.mmerica Federal Power Commission;
Project No. 108; Northern States Power Company; September 25,
1967.

 

In:

I...
.‘. .-'. _ r ' ,o .3 "".‘.‘ I t. . ‘ . .... j 'i"! . Av ( -‘, . o ;A.- o‘-'JS> .",( U-‘. u; _' .“ -_‘
.- -..| {,‘_. .,'i.‘.l ( \,1-_.‘.‘IA¢I.».T..¢ \‘o- .. . - . \. .A )._ .5 ‘-‘ '-..-l 'U"~_)~ ‘I.' a , J #37 ’ <0 M .-
I ‘ I I
.. , . . .-_ . ' A ‘_,.-. . . . _ , ‘
4 I '. l- _- :5 ~- 5‘ . J) '4(. ‘ J .L.:.r‘ .f‘ 3 ‘» I. -5 ‘l‘ l . " d JJ-“J . ’ ' l- '-L-‘ t'i‘
\
. ! ’.. . " F" ' . '-. -..' -. p I ‘ ‘ '. r ' ’ "f
. . . _ _- . ‘ _. , , . 5‘ . , , . , _ h
"‘s'rb‘ f.‘. _} '.‘ ‘J "-L 3.12 -) g ‘1 v‘ 1--.}. '-~ "r' ’.l‘J".v. IA" 1" 1-, C n "" ’4 —L4\ -“ ‘O‘-\)
K.
v
- ~"-- -- -'~ . - " ‘J'r-V'. . . u ,. - "' 4- r~, . . . n '.. ‘v‘\"‘; P-‘u.
. ' -.' H - - . .. ‘.tz ...‘ U .- " “ __ ‘-. M 'n c -I.‘ v w-“ - 1.”. . .\.~.. . . .1. g ‘ I .. Lad :1
“ C C ; .
1 . 1‘. ‘ '- l . Q . o r - ‘ . ' .
. ‘ ‘ r ' ‘ ' . ' ¢ .‘ . ' -I 0 \ v . -
"" :.'. .' ’ :1...- .. .,1..'.h~’ (um). 0L-..‘...‘J. .. .. -' J..- .. t 'r ‘..ta 1 -;‘ «.r. ...
I?" "
I -_ . ' . _ I l o ' - ‘ ' I f -5 -‘
- v 4 -. \~ :- . ' '~r\ ‘ I.' “ ' '0 r u~r.'. '- ¢ ‘ . '(v " ‘ ' \‘I . .', .
» i p I ' ' _L-.' a W -L.‘. ; 0.. J .ch' , ft '(‘xn‘a ...}. ‘2' t 3.: o A... s -l x. 1.. .13.. J...‘ ‘. .' .5 f‘a‘.‘ ( .. .‘. l . ‘\
n x .1 \-
I

l’. ' ’r . , . - 4-... J .' ' '-' -‘ ' m 1 '. 1" '_ .
;- -.v qu‘_:.‘. (‘...-id.” ..-L ... -_-.:..z _41 “LL: '..~-;_GJ SJ...‘ t.
C

7' ‘
L - .
..-L . . , .., ‘ . ' . ‘ , ., -- , '( .. .. .
- ' I . (3\ ‘3'1‘0 1“.‘0- -. 4 4 ‘_“ F‘ - (J u -' '-5 -\>."o" U ti“ Us. '
‘a
a 5
O
I
. ' .. ‘ - I ‘
.\" o ‘ 33, ‘ . ‘ w r y ‘ ‘v'3 ' ... r‘ o..'
2.. u C .. - f J." .,g,‘ . .J ,._ . f; -_~,. -
- - ..- p "Q .- -\.- ‘. o~u Q .I- 0' O.‘- O ~‘ ~-.-- ”-0..- - cncv
‘ ‘ u’ v is ' r ‘ L. ~. ' - ‘ .- o r. --' a ' '0'.o'. 'f ,I‘
. I' .1 0 " ‘ . “ I ~ - . ' - . .' .
.,,. _-_.,|,J-..( ‘ ..o‘, ‘5 L.‘..n6.).l(’../14.. .’ ' Lz‘..;." by. , .5 .'7 n. .S,J_l r _fl\.’.‘. '5‘..- '1L-_’_
‘ u . v- ‘ \ . ’ r . o S . f . . .\
.- .. r , ~ .- _- .. k , o - . ....“ ‘— . . - . '
t .. 9.”. ‘J , '.f'L‘: ~. .,.3_L - .3.-. s‘ .\ .. I} .'.~\.-v.s...),..-, ..H.~I Q‘..‘. \.-."._.' .- .4 ,2.
g c -‘,, ... .-f H V ' .u _ a' -‘s. ". . ,, ,1. . '. .x‘.‘ :‘7., ;‘ " _ _3 .‘ ‘ ' r" r (n. ,*
‘_‘. 3.41?“ “I"J"\-1" ... «I. v ’ \‘I-r-" -..‘,L.,'-‘ . . . .-‘IJ‘ . 9“. “.’ .0 -.. J‘s.) ' . -5 Isl-n -‘0‘ -5 Iii“. o‘- ‘1‘01 ‘0‘ .‘. no '1.
- - 1‘ ' ' '. ‘ o
°,~, .0. . ,- ‘ - " I . , ,’ u I- g. V DD! .. 0 w . ' f o '.. ‘f 'I’ - f-
; ‘l ‘ ‘ '..) l' \‘ " ‘I -5 ”-’ '-’.“v.‘ -125 .J‘fl ‘ J- 1 “.{'¢-"\.. .‘filj ~ ‘.. ’- “‘.. :J-.a " (' .:. J
. t
I - n . _~ ' ‘. . l 2 r 'I . ' ~ " .. . ~‘
'.1' ' u" . . ‘l " ‘ - v - “ A ' - ~
;.--- -~‘ ~ «Ur ”-..! ...“. a...“ .... ~.. ... . 0,.-. s... . J. .. : 'v!‘ xx.” .-.2 k;

. . . .' . ( _.. . . ‘ ,_.m 2,. . , ..-} . . ., _‘ ~ , .. . _I‘
._ ‘.. .1...:-an--' _’.".L.' ..l. .._‘1.l.'...;. ‘..{hZo 13;...3'4.) ‘U U: LS}; .f.‘-.. its .1) l- ‘.l.‘.-.5.".v

,. ..~_

.‘ ., . . . .. .- .. , _
., ., ~ -, ‘ . . .. A ‘ ' ’ -- ._ ‘ . -; H. o 1.. - ~~'- -'- ..-. >.-- ~. . ~~..
'n ”‘1 c ..L .1- ,x .3. —. f' '. H ‘1'. ( ’..".1‘} Q 2 ‘..-'l '3}. L01! (Ii-J ‘hb' -'-(.’ \l u. 3.4. ..J 1)., a5: ' ‘.'{..!J (I -1 '11 .‘ ~-.,' 3" (J ..' '

a " -"«~.«.—-~-~~.0.v.--... ..- -....- -... ~.—- ‘.‘O-o

“I
., i. h. o _..-.‘

{"3 3L; ‘3. '.l

t o . .'~ A‘ I 3'.‘ ' y‘- .‘ ..‘ 2 v I" u v ' _‘ u. .F'p.”"
‘5- .,,I,.-,. r x '.‘u- _.' ' . ..-'.;~»I..‘. 0.. .1 ‘..',.‘.-.,J. - (' (.‘,‘J.\ ,- 1 .,J. ‘..)
u ‘ o
n‘ ‘j "I I. "r . I 5’ "' .. I!“ --I o-.“‘o~- -'~-- ‘--- o-" P -7' .0 -
g \. . .. - ...5.J~.} 1.,; ‘ L . 1 ~ . ....9.‘."‘" c; .‘Jw-J . ‘...-.. 51.; “a .. ‘1 5'], .( z: 4"“ I '_-
’ ' v
o |‘ :4.

21

CHAPTER 640

AS AMENDED
‘AN’ACT to authorize the Chippewa and Flmmbeau Improve-
‘ment Company to construct, acquire, maintain and
operate a system of water reservoirs located on the
‘headwaters of the Chippewa and Flambeau Rivers and
their tributaries, as described herein, for the purpose
of producing a uniform.flow of water in the Chippewa and
Flambeau River and their said tributaries, and thereby
improving the navigation and other use of said streams

and diminishing the injury to prOperty both public and
prIINI t e o

The Chippewa Reservoir Project #108 is located in Northwestern

Wisconsin, entirely within Sawyer County.

On August 7, 1971, the license for Project #108, located on
the Chippewa River in Wisconsin, is tenminated. Upon terminat-
ion of the license period, the project can be relicensed or

recaptured according to the Federal Power Act.

A Map showing the present ownership of the land surrounding

the Chippewa Flowage is located on the following page.

 

“ma; Appendix "A".

H'-',‘s"" ~ 7;, w vxv-W-p .4 rs- flan—l!

'. '.k I-r

,1 .,;

. — -. - a

'a {' ‘ I I
5. .4 . 4

~\‘v J . . V.

l" a' 'I- ' rs. ‘ v .I "' “- , ' ~ ‘ x "n I“ :. ,
.3,5.: is- J.Io.:..‘-T..’ ( ‘...-.‘3‘. - . C" Lat-3.11;“) ('..; ‘I-c \ .hul "[1 ‘1'.
' .. ' A . . ' " . - .\ . .
n '. _ “If‘ ‘ '.. ‘ ' . . ‘ . “ '~ ‘. . . ‘. _‘ \0 :
£.{~ 3. 3.)'.~- ('1'. ‘.-'.-'.\A\-= .a ‘.. ~'.'. _s.=-a ‘ - .L.) .’ t. c . (. h ‘.J.J4~...,J. 1,
~ ' I ' ' '1 \ ’3 '
, I . , . . _ . .. ~ . . - ' . ---' 'w . an _ I.
.Vs‘.‘l is-l. '.I . i“ .. .‘. . -. ’.. 1 .r~ " r. C, ‘. -‘ a LJ ‘3‘. -‘ .3.L’ the F) "‘ " .‘ ‘ a
. I . . v v - \ .-. ' i
I . s . , > I . I! -' 4. .o . , .. u .' , _-
w‘stu' o‘ik'u’o c ‘ p. .- 4- -‘~ ' .‘-‘-‘ ht '. ' I .I .‘ ¢ "-1 unj—s a' - 'Q‘Jl‘ .. a: -: .\o'.-s"c J
a u ‘ ' 'I u .
- . - .._. . , .~ '1‘ . ~ . - . ... . . ,p -. ,I
- I ' 1 1 Q 1)-. .- -~ ‘3 -.‘I .('-LJ. " -.:.'-'| -.‘Al. .‘l o"; ..,s).. ‘ .‘.(. .4' U
. . . o , a r n I O a - .'~
‘ 1' "' ' "". V ‘. n ’ 'i .' L‘ .J I" .~ -' a ‘(' ' .' 1' ‘|" - a "‘ 0'
..3 ' l - I“ I. -.. .. - -... (I- own an.-. .. J .z- o .- 3-.. ‘1 I - - . ‘.L.
n, e - ‘ - - , u .7 . - ‘
I I - “a v. '. vI 1 . " ~ ‘- a n -. t - a i I '.w ‘- ‘ u‘I' . ' '1 ' ‘ . - I
J '.l ' _ 1.0.; - (H "-"IJ . (IV: ‘,.l 5“. F. ‘.‘(Ja-5.‘ 3"” .4. 5‘11; :‘it§‘ (fl ...' .I U 3“. I -.
IE." '.. a .I.‘ _ '- ' - v. : . ' ‘ a | Q n 0' . ‘
-7. t~ 3" 11" I 3“ ~§f - '. IL. «i. J ~ ‘I -'.-{"‘ 1:..1- 1" | 'U! A C-‘a “ ‘l... 1.1 .- ‘| ‘l
'.n a
_.' ,- I I.
. ,‘-I 0‘ _.. .'
-fur - . ' ~ _ -'I r‘ s . E I" ’ ‘.." ~.’ ,. '. ...-.J ‘ ... ‘ , . >0 .' . i 0! 1 - f f. o I' ' ‘
{--. ..k. H 13.2. 3. . In. .4! ... .:,.n. kit-J. . .:..s . (:1 .- -..' t; .~ ...; r .1'. u.:.-..:f:’...!m 11:1
, a n b '
‘ o u 1 " ' ' ‘r‘ I ... ~I" -.‘ ' . r '
. ‘.i}..|’ ‘ ‘ a La CY ‘. a (A--J ‘1.‘. a g. . .‘Id‘l" l-J til" (allf . .. .

‘41-- -f 5.. 61.2. t2’1--§:it(fi.‘$kv-%. Eu ’r 51',‘i,'€‘..";."!\J T1,};

~. ~' 0 ' ‘ ; ‘ . . - . ' , v ‘ .s f "s" '. , r» A .' ' 9' ,- ‘ :K I " ‘ -‘
‘-,_j.,;,..,:.\z___l_. 14. .‘~.. 1.,)‘5 .3 A.“‘r~ “... - .g a .1 cr-(L). 41"; :"".A-A'J:.’-'n.'.’..". {pail J.“ 1.10.}.

.1
n
l I
.
'q
' x
.
...
D-
I
.
'1
”J
H
L.
L‘
l
.
-
"
.'\

. . . ," :V... ,, ‘."'. .,v’o- - "2' ‘.‘._-—4. 5' ‘....“ ~I ., n‘ 9-
o..I .- . .-:u-.\x.'. .:..1'..'.;11.-.~".= th Us} ‘ ..3.'-:.;.L(-"J.IC L1; 11.3! Piaf...

o _ o P
» .I'I- - -I ’ I . r. ' r. 'I. . . ' I‘ V ‘. , ' ‘ in. r.
_‘_1.L.=...-. luau .011 .n...‘ -.1 W-“ .1..'.:(,uu- \. . . '1,

. ‘ f‘. ' -. .. ' I ..-~ ' II ~" ‘ I" : 'x r- "'r I “v ‘.I -v i .' h "a :' n r. .1 . ' . "3‘
0M. u». ,v-I1.l-r..v.l.r-..i.‘..;-= JHJ ...l. ....quska—k. ‘v-i- -'. ‘ -- v .. 2‘ (' --'~"- xv. ~'
A . d

U.-- -.-.-‘I-50-O-IO. .‘v..‘ -m.’ .- -.- - o .1 -—~ -- ..- -‘.. - .

 

 

NATIONAL FOREST L AN'O

... I A I.

u I. ' a ‘ o - . I .
I. - II“! Id'vlflt PML. I'llélnluv“v. It‘ll-III ”’...-”I” g I

.1 E -a
. ...r

 

 

9.5.x... 4mg. _ a e§.gax

 

 

 

 

 

m
‘
I
I.
‘7 ,
E l
r
W '
1‘
"3
11,» -
D
‘
1- A 'i
Q
1;
’h
,-,.
y
0
ud.. ‘ “'3'
— wryfi
l "I
3...:
4 . :5
:- .-.
.. _
A L .
5.;
4 r
:‘v‘
T . g be h
- 'V.
3
. ‘ ir—r
t
:7 l .L 77..
- ‘i

 

 

 

 

 

22

awmsoam wamaaanu «nu
wcwvsnouuam tuna m£u mo awnwumazo ucmmmum

"I'd f

 

.-
...Mqt.

“'...-l

 

CHAPTER II

THE ANALYSIS OF THE SITE

DESCRIPTION

 

Basic Geographical Data

Chippewa Lake and the adjacent lands which are pertinent

for this study are located in the northwestern portion of

Wisconsin.

Figure I shows this location and its proximity

to the various urban centers in Wisconsin, Illinois and

Minnesota.

These large urban centers are:

 

 

Division of Highways.

[9&51, Distance Population
Ashland 60 miles north 10,132
Superior 85 miles northwest 33,563
Rhinelander 130 miles East 8,790
Eau Claire 125 miles South 37,987
Green Bay 250 miles Southeast 62,888
Madison 260 miles South 157,844
'Milwaukee 350 miles Southeast 741,324
Duluth 90 miles Northwest 104,000
Minneapolis

St.Pau1 150 miles Southwest 773.000
‘Chicago 425 miles Southeast 3.520.000
Soutca: 1968 Wisconsin Highway Map; Dept. of Transportation;

“A
v:- 'ggru’9u

,1 “2.“! TV“: * Ufa

{am
TA .s

Ans

. 83‘

; .44 -‘ v . J. . ';:J.\0'

‘ ‘ J '4‘» '13- \l ‘i'-\'- I 11144
.:...‘..J.»- ”L... ..., «...-L1a-sLél'1'1‘ 1w:-

"1,- .‘...~~1 '-
'. .L .‘.- ._ .

o~-w--\.«-' 05-1.-

4 - v u: . 1 Q

'Q ' .0 -‘ _n u . C. - n . r. . ‘.

I, . , “ . T_ I 'H . I t, ._ ’ . ._ \ ‘
.- . a. .~ . ..- - . . s. V' ..

.u‘ —.-.-. Chevmvn '.-~.v~--a- .- ‘.--... --- G“. -ac~_1.

. . ’.". - n “.\ - " ‘ "f ' !"-" .‘ ' - "‘ ' ' -" I " ' “‘
‘ .s is 3.1.. ..s .2. - . .l .13; l'~.-.- ...: 'i l w-.. u’ ' Ir . .. Ci 5 «$3 .‘..... ‘ i r: 7.}- V .‘9.. EV ...;jk ‘ .$.. 11

} _.. 1.11.2513??? m'xHLsL-L._-'1.'I.;."'..11;‘.a ‘J .J '.'.J.. IRISHJA-I 1.11- ;: ‘.'.!.1;1";': (ix-.4 lie-
\
;

x a . a - a , o
v ~ - I ,‘II ‘. . .. V, N . ’ f . ' " ' ‘ - -- I I ’ ’ ' r“ " “ . '
‘Cnf -... .‘ .63.; ‘ '|~'I-,‘ sail-'1‘ {Jr'. ..v .4» \ .... \..,'K.; fi.a..i't‘\.50 . J.‘.LJ 1,. .e .11.}. I'.‘ (' - . .
‘ g o . I a _‘ v . .

I ‘ D‘
' u r", ‘ w ', ‘ "‘ n ’1 ‘ ' I " "'. a ‘ ‘ ‘ "‘ Su’ ' "-' ".0 ‘9. "
, 1.:0 (a- £1k14...‘...-1 c'K’ '-ia.(,~“a.l- ' .3 :.{z."~‘ul._':.) (.I‘LJ'"-e‘u‘ '.J!:".'..‘~nl‘/ .1.“ ‘.‘-o
s. o. I -_1 l
_ .- . . ..- 'A.'~- ..1-- - -- -' Ill“ .. ‘ "' 1’
\ .,, .1 .. '.. --. ..:., “11.13.15! 1; L .1 JJJ ‘.1‘ .t. u). .71.” ’3 .1. .L'~..I(’v.1.;')'ll.l

\ '5 '

u. I. -- - -‘om- .- ..na- v-U‘d-c- u -1 -‘V.*l.- .' Q v'k--‘ . Q“. .'~--.--- -‘-—~----.-- "---- l.- ‘...-C'- -- -I . .“‘n.u " -“C‘A’-n- “-1.

. ‘ " , .
o . . .. ‘ - v ... . .. g - u ‘
. f 1. 1' i 1' ' .g I' ’ ‘ ' '
1 ..‘w'-.- ~.._-. Ix ) .._.. ,1. ‘.-. - ‘ ~-‘— ‘-
-- a 4- -¢.Q.\. ‘.--u‘ - ~Qv‘ ‘“ -'--- ‘.. AmigaO-n - C ...‘ 0.... 1p c. --‘Q U- 0‘. -‘Us'- .~¢'-..-A- _m— -..- -C‘ O - '00-“ ‘..-O- - - O". _..-r.

.0 . $ , ,. -. a . " r
. , t . . . . ,. 1

.. ._ . ' s. s..— . . . r '..
. {.-. KI..- OI-‘ui -‘(-I’-l ‘ L1... .¥ ‘- 1"».b I‘ll ‘J'I" “'
t

4‘.

_ a
a
A
u

‘ '. "t;., i ‘-'Q'_ 1'! ' ,
\ §_._,\,“,w, 4g.“ ~1.-a..1‘:.3 y‘o.’

I
.
a
I

. s
é-1‘1
r

5“, h '- .3-1; 3' .‘9 "‘- "" 'Z' H ‘ ‘-' 7‘
\1‘._\(il ”hr . 613.-.!" ULJ. .1._".."k}.a_..-'11;-..4 -

| < -. c “ D 4.9.. . D ‘a-'-’.p .‘. '~I\aa "‘ "“ hi-_|. III. ‘-
"‘. .K. ‘ ,n- ~. - ‘ I o 4. v ,. " g" r "
\’\ "Vt .‘ul ‘3...) “Lr."‘. . ‘l '—.." ‘b‘h- 2‘."{ (‘...; .- “I

‘ ‘ , oo- . a. . t‘ . a
.' .. ". .1 "‘1'" ', ' 'c ‘. .. ' ' -. a, a '1 .
o“‘- L I ‘ b.1- 44.1111“ * C. ..’.‘.".J - ‘2 w...‘a 1“."vo’ 3' >91

" I 4" "I $a V.‘ . . ' . A ‘ ' “’.. f ‘ '
‘ . . -.. . - -1 - - 1 A.r-r -
\ '0': ".—Cu'oa‘ \ taaa "A" {-‘11‘31'1'. -- ‘1'..’.o . ' ‘.it‘4 5‘3. .m’l'.‘ a‘:4 -’--. n
\
1 V
1 ,1,“ ,. .A .‘ . -I. ‘ , ' ' ‘.. '.‘. .3‘. }
J 1- ._ t 1,»\._.l_ ”1;. '- 11:.) :3; ‘-1‘”, ‘: {(Lx, LIL-L ..-' ”u
. .
a ‘ 1'4: U 0
I-.. J U' 1;; 9.1.1-
. "" I
. I ‘ . . 1. ‘- . . .', .' '- . .r 1 ‘
" H ‘ ‘ .II, ‘.‘a 5-51- ‘ .7 (“J-‘.. l‘..3. -L ' ’ . '-'

I v -
. . - (I o
_ " . .- n l a \' ' "ll ’
. | t '.. -gt' .& ,‘J‘.o.‘J‘\,‘ I J~'.‘..‘-' '.o'n'a“ 'j‘ - ')'-:‘\
i

D C "0' " t O‘ .- -...- - ..-..---. . -ou-.-.r--oo. -‘1- .4 Q - -.-.- ’4‘“: .-.-.‘-- D ‘...-‘..-..- -e. ..C. '.--'~”- I 9 .0“- O -' I

 

I . ' -' . .1 . P.-." L .u_ ‘ . “ ' ‘1 a-: ' - , ‘ h .
, - .- - 1 . ' - a r- . . . . .0 ~
i“ '1'! d “i - (". ‘.4r-I- J -. a.“ -4 (a. . J i: ‘1 l ( I 1’ ~ -:-’\‘"1" 1.1., ‘:'~. ‘«|-i(|!o‘ ‘..-:a I ‘ :‘.4 *c j. :9; J ~!S '

i . Li J; :‘r:._‘,-1'.;_ : 0 1451-1;

24

  
      

MICHIGAN

       
 

Sawyer County

  
  

hit-"I!!!"-
II

' :3! wild!"
l“l‘li§i!!|‘\|\w.! amusuuoca

\

H

    
   

WISCONSIN

   

. MAPOLIS
31'. PAUL

EAU CLAIRE

MINNESOTA

‘-.—’.-

l OWA

MADISON

ILLINOIS

CHICAGO

Figure I. Chippewa Lakes location in reference to the State of
Wisconsin and large Urban Centers.

It?!

 

“a

a!

H

“I..-

 

.‘I‘l'lls fiiill.

 

 

25

Without question, the majority of recreation resource con-
sumers are Wisconsin citizens, however, there is agreat
deal of inter-state travel from areas of pepulation concent-
ration.

The total number of non-resident visitors was 1,125,000

(estimated) in 1949 and 3,690,000 for a twelve month

period in 1959-1960.
Table VI shows the orgin of the non-resident tourists in
Wisconsin for the years 1949 and 1959 - 1960.

TABLE VI

Orgin of Non-resident Visitors in Wisconsin for
the years 1949 and 1959 - 1960

 

State of Orgin Per Cent Per Cent
1949 1959-1960 (12 months)
Illinois 73.3 - 60.6 1
Indiana 5.5 9.0
Mflnnesota 4.0 7.3
Iowa 3.9 4.0
Ohio 3.1 4.6
Michigan 2.3 4.4
All others 6.7 10.1

 

Source: Robert W. Finley; Geographzigg Wisconsin; p. 207.
Chippewa Lake can be located easist by the location of its
dam (Winter Dam). It lies just below the junction of the
East and West Forks of the Chippewa River as shown in

Figure II.

 

yRobert W. Finley; Geograph'gg‘Wisconsin; p. 207.

 

In:

 

 

 

 

...- .l _ fl... ‘1‘... ..- . . I...‘ ~.'. ,1..." ' ...,o‘._.. 1",- -a v ,_- ‘ “‘. .
_.'.'.‘.1..'..U'.i :.\.1.v....-..;.s.~ (-- .‘Jv .W. «L.-. 1741..-} ...:b.:o:."..~.-.- as}. . L! J. .32..

"‘(f I' ‘. ' '0‘ u. ‘ ‘ - 'o - , .' ’ ' D - " ' O.
t’s."-I".,. -'.c.l. S-tfi. l'.a.‘.( . 9....- J .'i .‘A , ~ . .-..“-\‘ .-\." s "J'.I-"Jr “$-.J(_.’ :II.J.
' -- ... .. .. .“V . . ' ., _. . f. I k ' 'l a i ' " _I'. ,\; i ." :. ‘.. I _: ‘1 .1
......‘aJiz? ’ 1.1.1.1 h J'.'--. -.u-‘1:.l.u‘ .. 1.41} '~-.‘..L ... ‘.1“ .1..........'a
J. ‘ I. i V I C
. a . ~ 0 . . ,
. U l 4‘ - - I a ‘ . J. c a. ‘- '.a' J. at
- '. .- - ' . r _ ' . . a U . . . 1
..L. (in. _ “In- J ..11 I.-'.-i. .. -1.‘ 1‘ .14-: -41.! h- ..‘i . 2'4 ~ ( I». J. ’.L‘. :1.
, '1- ' ‘ . ' ( $ ‘ ‘ 'a c
. ‘ 7 . ' . ‘ ‘ . ' o I1 y'- w I_' q a v-- -‘ ’- , I‘ , .
051-".3. " ‘c .. --. -1-“ - r‘ -..; x. .1 n1“- de-a -tr .1. I .-.' 51' «(1.3
‘ _ ‘.‘M
41‘- L‘l- .a
a 1 .' . Q ‘ l . ‘ a ‘
. ’. ' .'—, - o l’.-1 ‘v n _ - . q . u. ,1’. ~ I . a. . .
.1 "pl. .u‘d \n‘..'(o"-" kh.‘ ....\ 1.0-‘.‘J~'a..v- ’ “11"“ ‘4‘... -‘ . .‘_!“-'U' .L‘! l).‘- 30“,'
'1' - ' .7 . u , ' . a - n -'
kl". ‘- J. - ‘. ‘u‘.-'. '41:)" 5 I. ...L ‘..—hrs? L fie-o

~“——~--~-_-----~-_--—-~-------H-~---~“---------~--‘--—----~-----

"" -- . 3 . ‘\- .-— -'~. 1". O -. -1- - ‘F‘ O '. C . '0 Q. .~ D 0’ fl .- . n .- - ' . I- - -. Q .1 .I”* - .0. -'.p-.1 -9 C '0 -o-'- -r- '-... -h..‘o

I .
K.» \1 c1 .‘a..' ~_\, -. '- .~-h- . .--
.... g. -L.-- . . .p . -.-. .‘ ‘0..r" . o -v o .9 - -.. ., . -..O‘—~. -u-U - ~01-‘ 9 ...h-I-O--.-ob.a-O -~O .V«--"‘. w. ..---.- .-O .1- o..- D-
.- . . - .-

V

. -!
\ ‘.-k‘:'- -2-O~').

\I'.‘.) (‘...L I}: ‘7'... 'z-‘.I

1 "
0
f
\.
C
a.”-
to
I I
”_-
fl
_I
.-
C
p

‘
I

‘

0
If.
a
t“
.. 1
{.4

I- .-. ‘ 1

. ¢I i I' 0' ’ .
. 9
" . I O a- . ‘.. ‘ o- ‘- ‘
. . . . .
, ‘ '.‘ :5 a
..— . . ' - 1 a a ,
I . n ,4 . ...} J J ' . .1 ‘\. p
s

- - “-‘.‘-O ’O Q..- '.I . w’ - -- - can- '-V.’ C‘ M... .‘t‘. - - '9- 0-0 . O 1- -7. v. -u -..\~-~--- - .- -‘- ...¢ -- -* -'- _.- IO-I -— -'- ”--.--110.

. '.. - e 0 4 -. r '.I‘"‘ , ‘ y 4 .4
‘ . I -.._'\l' - r . " - "‘ll . -v~ ‘—~ - ‘. a . ' .. . 1 .1' ~' 0.- u l_ ..- . . '... .
. ‘.."..Vu . clr- ...-4"". ".‘.:'w_ a ‘.. ‘ .... . ’.--,‘J- "' “ ,nu’J-a Is. . -s U .'-- '\.1(.IJ.A .:J'.- ‘3 .‘ps‘s’ '
‘~ - -1.- v .- -.-a- sun-a 1 oh -.- chi-1.11.” ... "
‘m. ; ' ”1' '~ ' r e 1. r ’ '
.- _ . ‘. . I- -; ‘ - f' ' . , . _a - ~ " o l - , ‘ ' 's a r , e 3 .‘I 0‘“ g 1
‘.-§i -.. o—U 1J5 ... ‘3 14 wt.‘ ’.L :l I \’ “ ... T4,. l1 a. .1 -‘ .1.“ 5.1td(‘d. .1.) L] ‘3 sum. “lot...“ ..1 i .{l I J. L...
- A
.‘ ' _._ 'f ’ " , ‘{ I~ ' ' '7- ,' ‘ '3' .1- "‘ .# 'L .‘ 1. .1 '..; -. -‘ .,, 3’ q. a . -’ . i. .
'1'. h. “(I 3.!5Aed‘Jl-‘t ~:-o‘.§~‘ ..i-...- V‘: ...-'..."; l.'rv~.‘l cal—L . k.‘ ." (I - ’st'a'-'\ I ; ‘t
I as I
‘.i ;' 1 L°j(' ’ "I r . ,n ' ~ ‘/ '~.,‘ ,v.‘ . 0" . :3 '0‘ '.. u . a- . "' O; u»... . ... " A ~ ,
3.. «I . ‘..") “IL" . - . ‘1 ‘II. ."‘.‘ia 1‘ . Q.¢“-l a; K. .r‘a t o-(J J .4 ”ad: 9 L "¢p "3 ‘..‘t.
.. . ,
‘ .‘s ,. .
.-. J: ' o 0 ,. <
“...-a ‘......o-s us... ’...-.9; ‘-- -- ...-cocoa
--';l' 1- a"... 1'1 . oz' '. ' 7 ~ .4» so-g-v " - .-~ - -1. .-"
. ‘.D'." .’1' <2". ‘.I (1"11-0- —' U a: I-.' '_'.'_‘ 1 “' "I‘A.." .. ' i .: .05: ‘4“
s *o .- .. Qu- 1- —O o a. Om- .- DF-O‘OQ—s' ‘.. .4 ‘.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

26

ENG HOUflflz HO Gavan-GOO...—

......

27
This majestic parcel of land is within close proximity to

four State Highways. They are Hwy 77 to the North, Hwy 70

to the South, Hwy 13 to the East and Hwy 63 to the West.
Direct access to the Chippewa Lake area is via county Highway
"3" and County Highway "CC". There are numberous other access
points to various locations on the Lake, but are not marked as
such. The major routes along with several minor roads, are

shown on Figure III.

‘Wisconsin's basic highway system.was quite well established
by the early 1920's. Changes since then have been largely
in extensions and modernization. In 1962 Wisconsin had
98,887 miles of roads and streets.2 In 1962, Wisconsin

ranked in the nation:

7th in mileage of surfaced roads (79,500 or 92% surfaced)
10th in percentage of paveg road mileage
14th in rural road.mileage

In 1963 there were 1.7124000 private cars, trucks, and buses
registered in the State.

It is interesting to note the impact of highways on
campgrounds used. Those camping from counties with
relatively easy access to interstate highways ordin-

arily used them in traveling to the nearest campground.5

 

2Finley, Robert W.; Geograpygg Wisconsin; p. 191.
3Ibid; p. 191.

“Ibid; p. 191.

Sullstein and Reid; State Resource Planning Program; Michigan
Department of Commerce; Michigan Outdoor Recreation L____anand Study:

Volume 11 Activities: Michigan Department of Conservation;
Technical Report Number 6, June 1966; p. 7. p. 34.

_..—a
e , .
-'-I-" u. ”r garmui-zvzrm" J

=q. "r

‘2'

 

’\ .0 U w: u - n k 7.8 l
b
\ v
I I A .' ‘ -
‘ ~ b t »

. 3'sz J J;
.—:I <1. 7 ){l -1- -~‘vlr."v

“1 all. IL. s.‘.".J'."&-

,

12......1 - (“org-L... .- a'

I , .
-...};Lz Linn“. ‘L..'.‘.'.5J.r.

um ~_~ 44;!» 3.2;". “23.)“

. 2 . ' . '1
‘. a... -'-: ' 4‘}. ,"‘~I1'.'..".1_£U.7.-i.

" . ‘ *‘l “’1’
‘v .‘ ‘ u- :45"-.l:" ..I
II I-O a .1-.. pl. an.- a '--.-0. -‘q
" -1
a I. f‘ ’ ,._
t""-.u.)‘l - its!’t.|.-‘

'.
's"

.- -’4

I
.u I "‘ 5' . . 2
.-1 ‘x--". ”13f ..-..
A‘ - C - D

9-
IV

';-.‘n(;§‘~;'«'.”('5 ma.

Cir- -¢--- I.- (0'.

‘ § . . _ ,I . ,\ '-. . ' I\
a. .- k.’ .4. ' U‘ r " ' Ian- 3 ‘13. . O o h'; - ‘ ‘ uk
‘0
I A ' a n t
a . I " V
: A. . '.l .' ‘a i‘ j l ..‘g "0. 's I_-(' I
t. ‘ a
.s f _ , . -‘ _ o.
'. u . f .
“-4 ‘.i \I"/'3 c).-.‘l.‘~ "i .. ‘J

Lt;.:.i- '.r I? (g?! &.:r<'r':?3 liiz‘fi..hu

I . ‘ 0 I
I w, ‘4’. .'"‘ ‘ ~ r
. ’.. ,f I, .t k ‘ i 1.4. . 1. t 1
" I c
S -
e' as. I n l I
“J’-¥~l:lu -5. d 'F\'.. L: s Q... o. .‘.

. , . .-
-; o- - n . -v ' '. ‘f
I, «ix;- .-. ’.V. a-a‘~‘.& ‘2‘“ ..I -“. . ‘, -‘(- -‘('a

o p. .‘

film Lwfifll e0 hainm \~- m?

r .l.

'r‘ ’..-

\ .
.... . " Q - — -
i‘cia. .l 43.2.5"; 3'.i.\---9§:J “4‘53. «‘J—b
f.)

' I...A -:-. ,:q ..._. '. ~-’..‘-“- ‘5-
.:~.’Jc-)l- sj)‘ H' ‘i-- ‘ ‘OA"’J‘»I‘I {A

, ‘.f .. 1. .‘\ 1 a a.“ r a‘. .n A ,, z 0‘ ‘ I
t. s‘ s 11": J‘Jl"¢-~' d‘-~tf: (’2' 4".
a ‘ '
' - D » ' . .---- -... .
‘5 0". \‘E‘ o_L . .I'.\| '1 111.9 é.‘-Ir l"-,‘ .r‘ ‘v- "iv-"J
,K

. ..
-I a I '. .~ -. a; .; I -. - ‘ ..r g b 'v '-
fl‘n i..;’~’~l ‘.. \.' 'lg.c..‘J-’ x;lf’1clnqul"A\, .1...

\

S ...
.‘J 0.2-. ::'w':...:.. '..-4.4;... “1.21:1:

“
-' r. ..— 4.- . .x ' --"’.’~

1 . \, 0‘ - ’1' '-_'-"“ ‘5‘: d“ '2 .3. 'U
r A ' 9 V. .

C ,v 0 ’

DJ. 31 O" :_ “AVA“
‘..

" Q I- . .’ .a '

.Hul .8 ‘Lmua

'. O I '. .. - _.. " o .,r
Ekmflw nmfl u¢JJ»IsL“

. ...; 0' _. .- .._.I. ('....I
. £61.! .2“) “'14-. ...U Jf1{1;”".; 3.231,: '1

“"' pu I“. I- o" q ’- 4'. I‘.‘ -I ‘ ' ' E‘s :As'a . .w - r ‘. ‘ "
.44?“ 'J48. M’ LL; 414441. 3139. J-- Jud --“. .11 "--!...‘-.v

. I
I
-‘-.r. a - w.-‘ 0 s n.“l.fi-U-- O‘O"‘
's . - ‘ -‘
r n . .- I. § .“ ‘
:s’ ,l."v' ~JI, ‘13.." . -;-'4._).I".'J:“J.‘

      
 
 

/

 
    
 

a-TT

       
       
  
 
 
  

...70

MINNEAPOLIS

. ST. PAUL

M lNNESOTA

“_-i’

IOWA

Figure III.

SUPERIOR

ASHLAND \
I3

sa 1“

.. ”INN"

Illllimi' IIIIIIII Sawyer County

MICHIGAN

 

nll

. RHINELANDER
70-

  
 

W

(fi-p'

O
I
M
"I
2
O
>
.(

‘-------,

MADISON

ILLINOIS

Location of Major Highways in relationship
to Lake Chippewa.

29

thgiography
Chippewa Lake and the adjacent lands for this study (located

in Sawyer County, Wisconsin) lies primarily in the Northern
Highland Region. It is one of five Physiographical Regions

in which the State of Wisconsin has been divided. (See Figure
IV). At the extreme western boundary of Sawyer County, the
Northern Highland is joined by the Central Plains Region. How-
ever, only a small portion of Sawyer County is consumed in this
region and, because it does not directly effect the Chippewa

Lake area, its characteristics will not be considered.

The Northern Highland generally consists of a level to gently
rolling surface with low relief. In the vicinity of the lake,
there is an elevational change of approximately 325 feet be-
tween the highest point and the reservoir's summer water level
elevation. The entire region has a gently arched assymetric dome
underlain by crystalline rock with the highest portion being lo-
cated near Oneida and Vilas Counties. (See figure V for these
locations.)

By far the greater part of the Northern Highland is

covered to varying depths by the deposits of the

continental ice sheets, although the configuration of

the underlying bedrock largely detenmines the broad

characteristics of the topography. The soil is

definitely stonier and sandier as a result of glaciat-

ion than it would otherwise have been. Easily visible
in the area is the effect upon drainage---the lakes,

.4
l V ‘
I. '1' Iv n: .. ‘.‘ '.. ‘ 3"
en‘- ado-“M --n- c—b.-na
-? ’1 I - ‘.. . ; n /‘-_ '. >‘ '- L A. .-- -" a: - -a y ' - v f'. - v t: 's y r s . - ‘
.A‘ ‘.‘ ~..".'-'.) ‘ L214." ‘.0 s..- a.\' .‘K'- k. .r'tJ. .:.'.~ 1.. J. 1"") .‘JUJ Jun ~¢eflwt 9‘ . .c":\.-.:.' U
. I , I a i e r . 7‘
v - I . r . ..‘ - ~ . v I . . . .' s I . v . I, " ‘ . . e I x 1.. 0‘. ~ . . ‘.. ‘-
f" ‘L.J _ §‘ .‘.(‘4 ‘ n s" ‘.‘.¢\ " ..tyL —.: I l- . t; ‘4’..." {ild‘ J-('\"“;.s ‘.‘ L ‘.§ o'u-‘\ ' r 1 i g t.‘ .‘ £3.
. :' .’* I f - g. . .' ‘ - ‘ ' . t b : l' c .I ' “ I‘ .‘ "1 "I . a a. : , ' 2 ‘
(o In‘.‘ ’.. .'- ’I‘ u p A 1.1.0 .8 t. .- " . {A v I D“ -'0 .3 L.‘ . ‘ 5) t. ‘... an -J a‘- . “ L 3. ' ' ' I as ; ' o’ v‘ ‘
I NA - ‘3
I ' I I I . "a , O
. o . . gv '.' v ’ ' .- > ' -, .' v' .‘ tr r' ‘ 2 ' ‘ "T :7 ~ ‘ " r - n -_ "
., ‘ . at ‘t d. I... . A. ,g‘ V‘ " . -r‘r'; o ... g’ 5". l_ 1' _“ ,- ‘..} I "I‘ I :a‘a ‘1.jk'..!fi< ." ... {.9 J .4 ‘ .d ‘0 .‘3* C {’02 p. i- ‘\..'I s- A
| .-.~. g - .‘ . n ‘ ‘l _. . ' ‘, so 0 fl; . ‘.‘ b. ". - ’ ~ ' I" . .u -. . . ... " 'I '- '..?
\J‘JA'.I ckdkm ' t. u. ..L I.“ J ”sit.“ U ..-.-.1L'J‘x' 1". -.-. «_‘J :12... ’47- O (v.5.

.I " . . I~ ( ' u b ‘s - ~ -" - ' ‘1 - " v - i. ‘- .. '- -} ; ‘ - . ‘2’ ' “

n. .L‘}‘ .lJ. . -' - ‘Jljo'.0‘I-:. '. -.. ,-’ nh”“ (" '.' 1" ‘2‘ ‘\‘: ‘rJfl‘t ’1 Q» '~“-‘ : Iv-" ;‘..')§ {3 31} DC -
T .-" .' I' {v ; .-- ' ~ ""pr ‘. “J" ‘( E" x '"Tp-e I; '3an (Marv
.4. 1e~a 6‘...- ' ~ tuld tel l-JL r) S-W-e- ‘..; ~= ‘-. . 'u a o l‘ . '1' ' -5‘.-‘ .4 Iva-0 ~‘(. ‘~ o‘.‘ ndu'i‘l \ -0 igl‘ -‘ ~‘ J
'.. .’ '. 9 't .i... ’1'. . I. . . 7i -‘ ”It s_;. E "I .‘ f. 'r“. Q‘.I‘ '1, i _ ..‘ . I 04'"
a ‘ I. . .l ' ...., . “"1 ‘5) .J J -'- r .4, ("5. e M U ‘ - ed~ .’ ‘J( . ‘4'“, U . ) U .1. . - JV.L- 'J~(a’ 1" ‘ ,-“.l O 1)(_',‘ . I-_ .I.

1“ ' f - ‘ I: ' I". .. . ' I. r ‘ . f .. ‘> . _.. .1 . . ‘ ~. ) t‘ I? . {'I' . P . ." .
.. ,) ..a~“ D.'_.‘a!.‘"s| ~l 'J .‘ t.i~‘ J. -L-’ .’ ‘..)Jg-J ‘- ul. .6. 3" ml! 4 v in} ‘.w' .Ls‘.‘ ' .’-,’ .I l ’f-fil‘l'
T " -‘. »O t. r ' P :. I . '0 . « ’~ ~ ‘.' r r III" ' ‘s ('0 t‘ | "i ' ‘ ' ‘ L. '
1‘ ‘9‘ -‘ ‘4‘ " ‘-“ 5. -.. "" :h “-1 ' ‘ ~. \I \‘U (I a l’: a ‘..]:l} u" -,- p). “I J !:a: ' ‘ f b. - ‘... ‘-.‘ ‘.. 1 $0.! -:.-I l‘ 1.. c! 4' ' I 0". IJI” A

b . ‘- 0 l

. . . . . a ' -., : 1. r ... .. - ,t. ,. 1‘. . . ' r ..

'...a-’;-‘. ' in.‘ -v‘...‘ £..‘-."_I .I.- j . .J..iJ 5.8.3, . .1..-ng J..’ .L {63.'(}.L ‘5—1 .‘s '7 '.o' ~‘rl..s. -.Z—JVI ¢_1.l.—'..’.-.(.
- ". (I: " . . “.'I '.“~" g:‘ " ."‘ ' '.,'(. """‘- .'-I-' f . c' ' . {a8 ' f" '2 " -' 'I as .‘k n‘
o ' ‘4 J v“ - '- .4' '-. D,” L-‘-’ - ‘ . ’L".' “(r -- -{3 3 L‘ .-O x: in...) D:- Eric..- :1 0:. 3).. ' 0.4“3 '1'". g I“. ’ -‘ _' ‘..-

2. \ I. -I t. ..-:e ‘ "I O p o. " I" ,‘ pfiI ' CI. f' t I: V“". ... I ‘M‘ L‘ - '.... ‘, .. o I l. 1 4 ‘. I f .r .‘ ‘~' "‘ is? .. ‘. . - I.

’... .‘ ‘J.._'.4. .. . .4..' . .L-'.I . ~§ 1. Le 5‘.-- ’I-' -.-‘(.c.J-- ‘_‘-3J-| {lint} .l)‘. ‘3‘: Jie-.’s.‘ ..il .b‘..‘. [‘33 Is-g

r u. I ~- - y i. ,‘

I J" a .0‘_ v - ’ . .‘ ‘ '.. -.. I . . , —. no, ‘.I. g—I- 0.. . ~03 . o 'a ' , ~- '1 .- ~ ‘-
-40: J. .... :: tun .o ”flint” ..., L; J'ux ”III Vs L..'.‘:;... ‘..U-‘ _.JJ. 3“. .4. JUL”) Jim’s .IJO... 42"“ I.)
05'“ kg. '. '. ' ° " -. . r: " s" '" 1 .' I ' 1"." "_"h '.i'v'r r? n """ "

L‘.‘ ‘ n- ... ‘ ‘J-.‘l .a‘. .- s' ‘l s"i‘ l-hJeb b‘aow ct ~~-...' J3 )‘. u‘ 'J‘J“ . v.0 ~_ :iu t". r“ ’4‘. “)~l”’
‘_ . a; g f 2 . IV ... - 2 1“- {I . ~ “‘ . ", T n ‘i‘ ' fl q; i 3",? a. ‘ 0" Q. .~ :~‘ a " (_‘ ’70 'I ; .~ 0
. [’5‘ a .f s ‘ a a “‘1' -.i.d -u '3 ~) I ‘ —/ . 9‘ '- .J l.‘ ~ .l‘..’ CJ‘ . d\ I ‘.- ‘.l ‘s.’ ‘21:)J- so! (‘..! -~ I ‘~ " A ‘J v’ if! 1’
r - . .-.. .» . - I
\ . ‘I‘fic..'\nd *1'1.‘-' -
a 'I‘ - f“ I, I . P ’ ‘- ..-. 't‘ r - : .- -Is .,a-n -.\ I. . o . ‘ . “- 8.:I_ C
Ca. ‘34 ', '-'-r‘.‘ i‘. ’ I.‘ uL-?;-'.' .L(.1n} s, ‘- 4“ ‘a'bIJ d ’11-)" '1:- J 1‘5”.) «'..;u‘ 3:}: 1" -h"asu ‘-‘ (l
. -- 0.
I .- o: - -I e~\ . . .. . . . o - Ir 1" - ' I . .. ‘ ' e o. u— : . -‘ ... ,A. on» . ~ a -
'.. ‘I {‘4 a:- '.. ' ‘ . wu‘ do ‘3 'v“ w In; ’ 1"" ‘V ‘{ 6-143‘l9:'\ “' ‘ O‘C‘rf‘ ‘L .“ 3“. (2' J x- Z“ «A: a. ‘1. D
. . . w - -a
‘ . ‘.' I" ' V I 1 ~' 0 Q ~ "‘ a ‘ o ' ‘: ‘ I ’ g". ‘ ' '1. - ' ' ' r " IQI a
-.u L!.(’...J.‘v-.J'. 3...”?! .v .11.: 5.".:.‘(.‘ia'.a.‘.h"l ‘63.). 1...; 13:34 1" ti...-_..- 31,21 .3
a‘ I ‘ a g . M r n r o .
a s v’v 4' .-.' ~, 0.. 2.. '-..-.~;..-' ‘.. \a- .~ .- it e:.\ ~I ”..,,. i- .I 1,. ..
i ‘. ~ \-: I "u‘, L‘- ’.J v" -- -\ '.d n ' ' '.... IQLJ o"- elf}. -‘“-.’\‘ .‘t - ' '-1 br:.‘. (. _[ 2“. 1w. {2" ‘:§ '_ :J
'_ - - ’ . _ a 61".". r’, ' l .' »(~ “" ,_' ‘.." :’ ‘-\ v‘ r. '.' .I v‘ .I ' . . “ r.
‘J-l d. a ‘ '..l n r " . '. ah ' I ‘ J“.4‘ I “ ' ‘- ‘IJ J ‘1 adJ.“ 6'Je .'e\ ’.1' '1’ :J- IIJ:’
~' I? g‘ . , -' i 111'. . '2‘ Q'I fl ' "- . i- 'rb-I . ‘ Q CAI-'- .- ‘4' ‘ . Y, * ‘I I ‘ . o ?.
~.‘.o 0 a l-'. I, .A.‘.‘ J..J; ‘.... .a‘n 9.0 w‘ 3 o\-J-.a "afibé " a: " *n-deJ ‘...-‘.Ja‘ L... "\.:.I 9‘ -h ‘3‘ -LI “ ‘J
. .2 ' ' . .. - : " .. . r a '
. _ I ‘ I 'IV I - .- ' q - ' . _“y I . '0 Or l . t ‘ I? ' I In. to ~, ' . ‘ a: w 4
0* of. " I - s-0 -0. \J ";i a ‘4! v 15 . Ra'- . - ‘~' \ .9 .' t la'd -. l ' 0 .3. (:1; .‘h- ’ a i‘. L. 3a"...[ 116 :1" J ‘A J : ‘a '- fl (v. o‘
I ~ . . .. en .
”a )(‘ ' ,1. ‘ - .‘ CIN‘ 6 --- -- - .. ""31 . I. - ..-.- t. '.fi ,0 ,_ 'I
c '.4 ‘a.‘.. l,L u}! '- — ‘ -'3.." . I- Q.‘ {:‘JK'IJ .I u‘ :0 ..np I} 0'... -«‘J an. ‘39- ‘ d 0.; I} I .I l .‘1

30

 

MICHIGAN

 
  
   
      
  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

t

NORTHERN

 

1mm:

H IGH LAND

WISCONSIN

CENTRAL PLAINS

WESTERN

MINNESOTA

— - _O
...‘n-

I OWA

UPLAND

ILLINOIS
\
Figure IV. The Five Physiographical Regions of Wisczmtin.

In.

. I
'
l
c
O
.
o
n
c
.

.

x
t.
..

r
’u'
....

.

r
v .. ‘.. 3. a
w » ...
. v I'. \
. I ‘
w L‘\ i.
.l u
., n A!
. J 4.
...
q . ...
C . ‘..
fl ‘
l" .1
. o. . A K WU
\ . l )'I .I . I ‘ u
, ‘ I ‘ n ‘ Av
. . . I). - . ... fl
_ . . I ‘..4. I o
a ‘
u ...”t\ .....r... A...» . . .
.. ... z - . I
i . ., . . . Y .
. . u 3 .... .. ,. .. .. .
D . . p .
Q I. v V .1 O.
- .... . J . . .
. . 9 .I no
a
t. ‘ . I - I ‘ .
. a
An. - . x A V . .‘ o
, BullT ‘ v
V: O . ov
. w . , viJ. 1. J.
. I9 I3!" K
\ .I . . .0‘ .
4 u.
. ‘V
A!
p . 1‘
t . . 1
a
w \t .
.9“
I |al
- ..
l. . ‘ J. .
‘ A a .o
t. o
_ .I
L
a I w.
. £ I
n I
. . .t n v. . .
r ..A .
.. \ u
. .f
u I
_ \J l
a. . .
n. x
. ‘ \
.v. H . .
D .n
I. I. s .a
I i ¢
A V '4‘
.I «.6! . . :
. a r 1 4... . v a
.v b .
. a ’ . l
. x ..
. .6 u. ’ \-
q. . . .
Q ‘4.‘ ’1 I
v u. ‘Ix
. .
x .
. .\
$ .
. .8. .
u r u ‘ . . . . .5 ..
. ‘.. a. JD . ..
. .
. v . ,.
o. .. ; o .
... 2.. .‘.‘DI~ »
' \
'0‘ ' .l a
‘
.5 ‘
‘. I
of! . . . p
. I r
5“; ‘.. ...
. , . pxi; .
. ‘ , 4
. .. .. v. a. A £63... .
. . owns .. . ...; J? A .
‘ o‘ .% x. .a l ....b . .‘y ‘ . . \§.I .
. . .. m . . . _. ‘ fie
A , . 170.503 \ .4 . ‘ 11.9!N {om-Q. f ‘ .
s. . ., . .. . . .
. . ‘ L .
.ts. .... .09.. . .0. .
. ‘ Q I‘... . I
I a t.) ‘50 "31
a | . o f. .
. u
. 5 . . . .
. .\., o, .
'2‘ . ~.. -
c . ‘1 5,. .
. . .Ut‘
. h '0 o
l O .
‘2 ....
.. a».
4 u. 5..
. a. .
C .

MICHIGAN

 

 

 

 

. 9W”?
ONIEDA
COUNTY

 

 

 

 

_4

MINNESOTA

“O“-

I OWA

ILLINOIS

 

Figure V. Locotion of Counties in Northern Highland
Physiographical Region.

 

the swamp)
in; “tea;

Deposits
the North
Cary and I

 

It was from thc
Northern Highl:
glacial drift :

run fran 500 t

There were fou
0"? Ice age,

lobe and Lang]
lobe to the e:
direct effect;
Presently 10C:
interlobate m1
When“ lak

chunks and 1a

Figure V .18::
hisconsin am

\

6R°bert

32

the swamps, waterfalls and rapids, the aimless wander-
ing streams flowing on the surface of the glacial drift.

Deposits of different glacial invasions are found in
the Northern Highland, the young drift, consisting of
Cary and Valders deposits, and the old drift.6
It was from the latest substages of glaciation that the
Northern Highland was covered with deposits. Generally the
glacial drift is 75 to 100 feet in depth, however it does

run from 500 to 600 feet deep in an area west of Ashland.

There were four lobes which covered this region from the
Cary ice age, the Superior lobe to the west, the Chippewa
lobe and Langlade lobe in the center, and the Green Bay

lobe to the east. The Chippewa and Superior lobes had
direct effects on the land where the Chippewa Lake is
presently located. Where these depositions overlapped, an
interlobate moraine resulted. It is characterized by I
numberous lakes which were depressions caused by remnant ice

chunks and later became filled by gtound water.

Figure V also shows the Northern Highland and Central Plain
Physiographic Regions and their relationship to Sawyer County,

Wisconsin and the Chippewa Lake area.

6Robert W. Finley; Geography'gf Wisconsin; p. 11.

 

In I:

l I
_‘fl‘ VI.“

.__,' 13.1 ...I

I
I
I
i
E

 

 

 

 

4_.._.__.._ .__—_ -

 

 

—. . . . _ . . _ ._ ' _‘
. ' . ' ,- , u o 4 I .c . I) , I . . . g ‘ A I. ‘ _ 9’ k ..
O. ..- !' : .‘ "I\a I o .. ‘1‘ no n .11 c ;" no. ' n" -- .I“-‘ .’ 9.3. -~ '. '——- -1. 1“ k, .5 ° {‘.4 :0 be j-J
“ e .- e w . ' ' s v ’ I. ‘. -‘ Z,
- I , .c 'x -. ‘ ' « ~..- ‘ .‘_ ,> .- '.‘ a ' . . ‘ v a ‘ ' . I. ‘,
..LJ.-. .- . _ '...;_:... - -.‘.-F ...l,‘ ’~._,). -.“gp .Lllwfl l.‘5 '- LlJ. ‘.3'A. a~ ‘i'1.'~| ..s L“.
. - v _ s e - ,r ' ' ' ’ . O
. - , ‘ 0 v - ' w. Q. ~ 3 . v . . ' I , " ' "- ’ ‘l.‘ .
‘. .. "-”-“t'- .‘J ‘3!!! --.(l-J. I‘Af. ...... ' l.’ ( JII-e'J ‘. -v. .‘ .n‘.’ “.3. 9.01 ‘
'. ' .I " . .. ' ' " .- ... - - . . -
.I ‘.l ;. ;J---si 1.. ‘.'I:'0A J ¢ ~‘ -"o¢- "" . .‘ ‘-. -{ll i. ‘..., -.. Q {.‘I';’ LL s Q" l A I. d."0'l‘"‘l "fl-l ' ' ~ ‘ I 'J
. s , .. .
"‘ —" . . j‘ j , , — . - .. .. . . .. .. ; -. , . . ~ “
O " ~ -'- ”'- - J . J. ‘..: -.;I'- -~’ ‘ ~Ie ¢ I s. —' r: ' 5! ‘. k ‘u .9“. ‘- ..L 3.0 e b. e ‘ {2‘ C‘ J (.95’
' '. ' ‘ . . .' _O .. -e .- - .7 - ...
. ' .- , ’f', '- ,a v _ l.‘ 0» .. . v . A v. (‘ V. ‘ ‘ .
a .' .3 v‘ ' .1. ‘*\. -' s; (.d ‘... an ‘... ‘ n e ‘..! Q. J‘ O I J 4 -' k, d -1 ‘.1 I ... r '-.. .' 0- e- 4 - lk' .‘ ‘ «I 530 .I J J-
a o‘ - . 7 ' . ' ' V l‘ I u n _ o('
.. '... , .' .%_:.II.,, :I'-«‘..‘ .l‘g.I-° .J"" ’ ‘ 14-3.. ‘ ' -..”V‘.’ I \"hv; ‘D‘l.’.o-'_l , - .‘I 5.2- .. ‘\-0 it“):
. ’l . .. '- ' I . . Q . y .
”‘" - “ ' i ... r'Iflw w ‘I " ‘ " ‘ I"‘ ‘ ‘-‘ ' "‘ :V' "7"
to ‘ ’r .~‘..'. .~ t J. JKQJJ ‘ ‘3‘. - 1“} ’-. ‘.J ‘ IL {ii 05- ‘l.‘ 9. | '..o-- 94.. .L“' ‘. in... . ..
' . a r . ' ‘ . “I . ..
' ", .‘ ‘ . ... ‘ t. . . .,, -'. ‘. _ ,. ‘ . ~ .. ’r . , - (‘..
. c .,» ‘.‘s ‘¢‘ I- ~‘\’ U" u.“ I r“ ‘ u 'lu. ' In. .‘. £ 1 . ‘A d »" II. “‘I‘ ‘1: ‘J" '1’ "o ‘i (J t a. "O o“
-‘ e I . > - : u,- . a e -‘ ‘. t n ‘- a ' .,‘
. '33.! :Y4 .| -I -L :1 ‘n'd 12., $.- “tle & v. ’.‘u .. ..\. '1' ‘1 ‘ ‘e -P.‘ ‘.. '.. CA ‘ ‘f -L .;I..l; -. :1 .L..’ 1. : I ....)fdgg
. - v .
"‘ 'I" ’ '- i" ':"' 0 . " f) . (1n. " ' . r"" ..n'} - ".- v , ;‘ N“ P”
'..)...J' ‘..w' a'.I ....L...J".' ‘....J J .0 ~0 .1. .s-(J_"..A a,"-,,. no.9..- ' ’...-.18 «V’s/d. \ a .IL.
.. u
' '. ," - e ‘ s u e .1 s 9 r
.' ‘ . . 1.. , .- . ‘.. .... A .,. ,V 2 ‘ '.. ': .. - . ... (,1 . . ‘ ‘. . A l‘ . ‘, “ ’
‘~:-" (is'-.’ -‘,3 .“J {J "“.-I.’ ‘ d ~Jc: ‘...-J s.‘ a) 1A1: ‘44. a t:‘.,[ ‘1‘.“ t ... .rd '\ i ‘.JIJF; e; {3 a.‘
- - . I. O I - . a A as . - - "' ‘ ‘ .‘., . . -. ... , .' ‘
.‘ . U ' I " ‘. I‘ V . I ‘ ’.. b. t O ’ ‘ ' r .
-al~‘e) 9;--(~'~ .‘. “('.. .. .: I ' II.’ a .‘. -~" Kid‘s-J <.‘l'.4L 9-... ...i ‘91}: CHM ‘re‘I.’.\
T . '. .. I_'. . I l f -' 1.5- \ . '. r‘ ‘ , V . ‘
‘ a. _ .. . p e .‘ ‘ ‘ . . , ' . ‘ ‘- r. _ ' . a -’
'.. '..'Jsss*‘.\ .Dl.‘s- ‘. ’ ‘.‘t :J‘t Inf-"A an! .5. )v'l £0,110.14. \z’e.:.-s. 1.40 taJ-m 0.; -—~ o s; d J. i .‘i-‘eu
‘7‘ 4 . H i“ l, s. I “ -' " ; ‘ ‘ _ v ":-:‘ l q: ~~. '- ' " v‘j . .., F ‘iJ. -: , .
5.-'J c 5... i :' .".. ,- o (. (‘..4‘ .‘J-'. ‘.(‘3 L, ...‘r; '..-.J ... ---a‘| .‘.u} f “kl-’. L ..‘I‘J. ".l ‘1'“
! . _ - so = g ' e
.7. , ... ' . _. . '.. .-. . I. .. . _ . u— .. '..: J I' I . (. . . .. - . ' 0‘: , Q o \ V s
"kfi ' sJ'. . .‘a. I“ \e’ in J. '3: r, (4.1. _"J. . ‘ia‘J‘i. 6|.) .1 -.';."-3d ‘.v. ‘ '.é.‘ O.)I\o(.e'.'L e‘\' 1" 5.1.5
u ' r r p . 9. a __
1’ ‘ . . > - -‘ ' .. ’.. tl. ' n I .‘ ... . 4 . , ‘ ‘.. on . l._ g, ‘ .- ‘e '. .1 -- . y
.1. .-v. Jal .-.‘.x'. ,v.‘ .- ..'. ‘...-1;...) t..la'--,...s..g....‘..1 .31; .l..,..‘.,‘. 1:..,._L,".- .0. _,};l ¢,.’:£, _ln'JI ..‘I4
I . ‘ t ‘ f ‘ ' -” . ' 1‘ . I ’
. . _.. -_ ‘. ’ ._ 5. ... . p .\ '- , - . ,'.¢ . .n a u . , ' . _ ;‘
.-.i’u‘. .1 {Jab-(1."; . r? 5'. -«..-....-‘ ..-’- Jaujcl 4.3.: .sJ. L-‘fsu -.-... . 1' I
‘ I. _“.;- , fi ; - f‘ ' ' g . . ‘3 a .7 .‘7.=.. , _. r..,.'-f .,, ,. _.. " . 1‘ . ~ .'
l..-‘...v-. .1..'-.:..H. IV _ ii... l“AGJ..‘.Ik ...: n... .1.“ -t‘.) I 4'24 1... L'Ivo Obits v hula. -E'.
.V , , . r _ -,‘ - V . . ' ‘ -‘ ... 5‘ a 9' ' ‘-. t a. . ’ f u "a. f‘ .l
4 . l I! a . 7' ' ' " , . v 1 f r ' '- I .,- 1 . J I : 0‘ av - o I _ r A‘ -- .4 .‘ ‘ o '
-.JII J ‘ v. - , _r L-A .....x..',.a.?\._=~_.) ,s_,.L.~.'. A... .‘1. as; a ‘..:l‘i _. - -., .J-..\A-r‘eJ.-.- (3.; a ....
V 5 . \~ '.s s.
I, q. ‘ ,; ‘ y .. . .
'., n .‘ - . , V 5'. ‘...: .‘ ‘ . ... v." . I o. ,
'o'flt-‘AIV ---J"-~L’ i-‘I.d- ..ur-kl ififlu) - A...) {1;(r.‘C./e~..
-.s-a- Q- .- o - ‘=.u..--*. *. ... —— — ...w
o f’ . e- . . ' . ‘_ C,
i ' ', D - e I e -' " ‘a : I » .4 I ,. ' . ‘0. , . - . O‘A- - ‘ '- \‘I
..-....’. .“ til-fl '-l4~\‘~ 5;-.. e e mi ?'-‘- ‘ .3 x." Q i ‘fi-tflcl '.. C ~' - . Ls‘d-J
- -.‘A-'- u - . ... .... c e . 5%.-.- .. A-uo~-u--

 

Climatology

Wisconsin's climatic conditions are characterized by warm

33

humid summers, and a winter which is relatively long and

cold. Being in the climatic region known as the humid

continental, it is subjected to the two subtypes which are:

A.

The
l.

3.

1.

2.
3.

warm-summer type of DAF climate.7
Temperatures in the warmest month average
over 71.6 degrees; in the coldest, less
than 26e6oFe

This type occupies only a small part of
southern and southwestern Wisconsin, its
northern margin crossing the state from
northwest to southeast at about the Madison
area. It is sometimes called the Corn Belt

type.

Some years the line is north of Madison, and
in some years south of Madison.

cool-summer type or Dbf climate.

Lies north of the 71.6 degree isotherm for
the warmest month. At least four months
‘must have average temperatures above 50° F.

Takes in most of Wisconsin.

Winter is the dominant season with the spring
and autumn more often than not partaking of
winter characteristics.

 

7

In the Koeppen-Geiger climatic classification system.the

letters stand for the followin :
warmest month over 50 F.; coldest month under 26.6°F.

warmest month over 71.6°F.
warmest month under 71.69F.,but with at least 4 months

over 50°F. -
humid throughout the year(that is,precipitation exceeds

potential evaporation.)

D u
‘-
b -

f -

8Robert W. Finley; Geography 2; Wisconsin; pp. 51-52.

I a ..
V 4 : -'- ‘
.. ~~ - .‘
.le- “C -wao-e ...
I ‘ ° . a '9‘ .'
' r r- I .. - . .‘ ' I " 4' " I. . " | O ‘ e-' _ q
.l‘ " .I‘ ... II . .. .V-.. -“.‘.‘ I V ‘1 - . .‘ ..“"‘-"" ‘ L.‘(f‘ "r-‘ l"‘o -.. 1 “ .1 .“.i‘.\a .“'-g a
V-
' 2 f ' ‘ r - o I r . « . .e ." ,. . . ' ', ' o ,
.v 141 | '.. - ‘.-... V— \I I ..‘. . - .14. : I..- . - s u ‘4‘.-.. . "" ' ‘ '.. -t-.’t ‘ "4 .. "
‘ a c e 0 C ‘
. ' s I a. y I ‘II t ,
" . " ‘ " ' l‘ ."| j :I‘ ’ a ‘7 b-.. ‘ ‘v ~‘ ' o -c‘ ' o. ‘ I ‘ d .l -.. ‘5 of
I I ' a ' ' . 3 ‘- . 'I
' ' | ~ ' ‘ a -0 ' I ‘ ‘A I I . . r r‘
. ' ' ' ‘ ‘ ‘ O". ‘ 'J T I ‘ O " o. ‘0 t).4 t» It.) ... t -s 0" (- Y ‘5‘ I - l I
- ‘ " ...- C on.- a v . o
.-
.\ o " . .
‘ ‘ I ‘l ’ .p o a ' . ’
. I..a -- «_.. ..- -.U 3 J I r _- . U .L a
.
| .1 r
.. a ' ‘ ... - V'- - - . q .4 . I
.. . w . auJIJu. , ' 1 _ '.. .-.’.-J .. \ ,. I_’,- ‘Av.... .1 J_ ‘4.
I . ‘ .,, .
‘ Q ' I a
I , ’ ’ t ‘9 ‘.. '. _ . t I _I . , v. :_ ' ' ' r. (J . ‘ ‘ ’ ‘ . . . J. x d. ‘1 LI
1' '1' D o . ,
. J \I . "0.. L‘t-o- -"
l - ‘X .- ' ‘3 -. ~ . . '.. ", ' I" . . ‘ ,." _. 1‘ g‘I T\
c. J-\’: : J.-..‘J' 'l 'V '..4‘ 9. a- ‘ ‘... I s’. ‘...) 110...}..\ Q-‘
a
' o
' I 'l ' . ', ““ 9‘ . .- ,-..
.")- ¢“" ‘ ""‘" “pl. I'r ‘4'. ‘\ 1-- .‘l(.e.v ’4‘) 'z ‘a.’ A JJI‘ (a
. .‘ ,‘-- ' ' ' " 4 “ ‘ a . . '.
t ‘ ' fl.“ ' .VJOJ-l U ...) «I ‘ 1‘. \‘~l' , ... ‘..- .,’_ )‘ ll 0. . I.’ ..(s‘!
t 0 . ' ..-‘ ,1 i" .u \ -1 \s ‘ . o "-Ea M . ’
“\.' - I ‘:)‘~. "‘J'."-. ' ‘, . ‘~‘“I"- '-‘-O"‘~I‘- ...! 5‘ ‘l ‘ ‘ o p. "”
-- . . f , ’ ‘ l .1 . - '. ‘ " e . ... .‘
“" . .' ' ‘l‘ "i ’. ~ ‘-.~ '.‘) L ‘ u .0 I l)‘. .d- -‘O . O A.
h-. ...
. .1 :‘g-‘
. ‘.. _ I .. -‘ _ ~ . . .... -7 ' ‘ ‘ ‘ ' f f. , -'i ‘ . ‘2": r, 1* ‘4.- _s.
-a I t-J‘ -- . ,‘_. -‘IU Lpui nt“‘.‘. ‘0'.. ~'....- A ..0‘.‘.‘ .J JA.““ 3‘ "l.‘.!". -"
.I I . . t
-. -‘-. s ' . |'_ I" n.‘ . 9 v I: "’
out-"T1“: ..~-. - U f- . r”... n- 4:» '3, .u. Uc. 1;...
.n t. 9.. I I. ' 2" . ' ’ v ‘.V .A .,, ,. 1 'i"- s- . ' '. ‘ ‘0 I .'\
. “‘ "“".--" I --£‘ ' ...... I. . ‘-‘ ...-ea". ‘1‘ m. ‘.at “C(I.‘ .J-O-‘n ..K
' '.'~.’.‘ . ' -, ' 4‘ . f' - ." ER" 1" "' ‘ 't h"'- ' a "- u l .
v. 'I’.- ‘ ,\ I-.3e.- o“!.“ 4'.“ p. . ' -, .... . .’ J .. L. “, ..‘0.1 .J '.. ... .fl
., n-‘ ‘.... ' '- - .' .1. .: , '- .,_' ’ . ~ .~ .1, l '.' . '- 4 I
‘.fl 4"1 ()3.‘ .._'.".J ‘1 z;-:; "gn Q. C .*-vjl{.'.fi. " I" ... _..}..11 ’4‘-)
I V:. _' ‘ . "' . - .‘..K . . . . ~ ' ‘p ‘
' . A ' 4 . ,: I '.‘I' ' I - f ‘ ' .L— , . ..‘ u . ... .. , '
. " "" ""liHW" ""4“,- "JA "‘- -‘J ... r.‘ ‘0 5.) .J‘V-J‘ié .11.».IIJH
’ ‘ ' . a . .‘

‘ ‘ ‘ - ‘ .fl 0. - ‘ '
.‘6. tsth‘ Jig--3 ~. _.i' .‘li-("d [1,: : .‘:a~:‘L ...

I

I

i .
h
'- 9
b
i .
s
>.
{A
A
8
hi.
4,-
‘ I
b.-
I—a
in.
.'-
s
_-
I
;" »
"
in!
b
O
‘..,
Q
‘0
L.
1,,:
\1
LI
be
‘ C
O

-I- .."- .0-.--I---- '.-— “-.--.- ~ “.

.‘p
\

v - Q I- | a

-\ . .3 . .,. ,1. . L - . . ,v I“ r , ‘ _ o h.-- c « . a «' v . .: h I- s '. - u ‘i 0 .‘
.. .;n_ 35., .J‘s -... ,.-.J_x .:--.(.(..."oe~..; L9,; ., L); .'.J..‘ .e-J‘ .‘.J'i-a.‘}" . (.21 111-... 1:4.
. . v I .5 m . o. 5 ‘ _ ..
, . u a. . . o u' ' - I- I- a ' "\- ‘ ‘
a. '3- -""'(.'.-’. .‘- “J 711.3.) .' ' .'. . Li a‘; a}. u 4..,:., -5 5-1.
.'.‘ a .1 .:.‘. . )l f‘ c? 'I‘I'dl’ ... .. .‘. ..‘ .‘. . ' l.- ‘ V. ‘ "a. s- ,.. ' " '.. - . a 0‘s p .I .\ .a, I. ’ - .
"O -J-'- Aw-‘o‘l-w- -'-~ Hen" Jim " a- .- ... t a ‘J'..- ..h' Ji) ..._.1_«(_.:. .41.. b .I 31".; .
u ‘3 2 . . - .
_ I - -. ,u- '0. I n. ' ."' "-..
C J- ‘ .‘L ‘a j“‘ ‘1‘.) “j-'.o“("“ -I ‘I -~ .--' l'... - t;
‘ I -3. I_' -‘-. ... r . (. .~a ‘ I: . ‘ -
. I . I DO . ‘V ; ' ... 7'" . 3. - .0 '. ‘0'. I .. .- e '- . -‘ .......I.
‘. .. ‘4" u '... 13.1. .4 ...I .5...‘ r.) .124‘ . , {J _l \ ,g_ 51.4,}, ‘.‘J‘V‘nggl, _; v- ., ‘4‘, f - g;
C ‘ ¢

a ,-
‘ IJUué-g’ 0""! 0r, .1 - 0“

..
q
'-
t c
.l
V
r."
l D
I
I
H
'o
e
H
\
‘\
A
n:-
.d‘,
.-
l s
W
\
.. .
I
‘.
(It
I
‘..
l

...
I‘ o
I: .‘ 3 .' 'I r -

.~ ~.'- a. 'I' - o~
.ta""'; J. ’.‘c‘ H’O‘I ’-H‘j‘:

")IO

“m.-
I' _. . .
K . (2"... 4.13.”?

I. d '- . - V ‘
... . .- ' - o '7 '.-- (. ‘.. (Hr , . .. 0.‘ 0.: . - - _~' ‘
. IL . .0 \c . I' ‘I - \- --r A '...-OI . ‘.. . j. I «.'- -' ‘ ' ( C' ‘g..:-.' . . d .2— U‘,’. -
‘ -4“- .. o.‘ o— . D u -v . o u - g ..h '- .- .- D‘ a Q ...-0‘ '

34
The boundary for these two subtypes is the isotherm of 71.6°F.

for the warmest month. With the State being located on the
line separating these two climatic subtypes, its contrast
between the north and south are not the extremes, but are
sufficiently different. The Chippewa Lake complex is
located to the north and in the cool-summer type of Dbf

climate.

the temperature variations in the Chippewa Lake region differs
from the southern portions of the State only 6 to 8 degrees.
‘However, during the summer months, the days do not remain the
high level for as many hours. Figure VI shows the January and

July mean temperatures for the entire State.

One of the major differences between northern and southern
Wisconsin, is in the length of the growing season.

The normal growing season is usually defined as the
number of days between the last killing frost in
spring and.the first killing forst in autumn, with a
killing frost temperature being reckoned as 32° F.
This is not necessarily the same as the growing season
for cultivated crops or the growing season for native
phnt. o 7

In general the normal growing season lasts 3 1/2 to
4 1/2 months in most of northern Wisconsin, and from
4 1/2 to 5 1/2 months in most of southern Wisconsin.9

As shown in Figure VII, Sawyer County and the Chippewa Lake

 

.9Robert W. Finley; Geography.g§'Wisconsin; p. 55.

I n .
c ' . g
Q . ‘. g" g - ‘
‘)
.'. .1’ ‘.KE’
.'. I.‘ -'
.i '...: '_“~.
. .. .-
.AP-J
. u“,
”kw,
- . '. I‘

l — h I I
. '0 'a ‘ ...k - ' '
'n V ‘ ‘
u ~ ‘ . ‘ '
9‘ I.‘ .a _.J- ,‘
. r . ‘|'-"'r~. J‘
or‘gl" 'I‘_.. .37... _-

5.1.1. ‘..}!

’ _‘.
.3 '\'l
.".
Jn'
- -
r. v '1‘
OJ ‘ ...-l.
V
I
Q .~.
., .‘ V‘ ..

“ "1| ...
‘f" ." -.
‘.J J o‘ d *11‘

I
‘~ .; ...
.Tu .
.;-_.c'.1
«- i y
-‘ —l. "’
. '.-

av - .. ~, .7. "
. (4d, 5.1;;- ‘n ,. ,r..

'.. \C»

i' 2 £3 ._-.'

-I. . .. g
n ‘ _‘ I . .
t -' no s“"4¢- - ..‘.’
’ r
u"-\ '. 1 >; .‘
Is; 'a“"‘ -. ' 1.1-. I "‘
A
f," ‘ ..-‘ I 'n' ' 3 I_'
‘...-I 'a.‘ A. ¢ ‘..l' \ "
_ ~
‘ C' ' h a .
“‘ t nl fi‘.‘ ' ’ J...p,~ .9 ...
' ~ ‘ Q 4
- ‘--‘-f.. A!‘ P ’. |E"‘I ~
-.i: . J- .L‘ '4)

l 1 o f.
.4 ' . .,
l, ' x. f 1' ' .r.
‘ 'v J - .v. .Ar:
5
"£11.; ‘1’!" c Uh:
-’ ‘c
H
‘ >3" -!“ r \ “v ..'
.4 -.\-J [I ‘."-‘I. 2|
- ‘ C '
.v .; u s, l

' Nah." . ." in
b ' v '.. --‘ . -3. J
I I a \. _~
. 0 I ' ‘
D‘ O - < f I I‘ . . -
-) t . ‘ .\ _.. t:--.J. -L ....- ‘

h -z.

in. '11:. 1‘3

." " r "
‘ I)...‘C)y"J JU— '

u-' "v ""' on
. o-.." L;.-.-‘.J.N.'(,.
'- ,' \. ,-: ' f 0‘
- ... u .' f. 1.1.15.1
.“ t1--.'_l- 1's.
I A o- A -c .

.\ - . -
'_ .,, ‘.. ..~. 9.
..L “Wt "..La(ia‘$~j-‘.}.
n I ’
.. - - -_-~§
:‘J- 5"! -a. ‘ Jim" Li"
".v'.." -'.~
.1.“ -. IA- g. a .-r. “1....
r " . {’I i
, ’.... .. .°_. t.
.-- g. mam '..-- ....u...’

tr"

.- I
‘5

u

. 7'.

a n'

['1‘

‘..!

..
- J
- . .,,!
-‘-t0

- .
‘

U

l
.. ‘ .
H.‘- I

1"‘l . u p-' f' ' .. "I'l 0'; .v- ‘5‘ ‘. ‘ 7' 7‘ 3 'v ' f n , I -‘
.. \‘,|I§¢ ‘...J .Jk't: I J .A\) A j .\ .I , E-4J'\ ‘4 ‘ u
-
j)“ :-— a ‘ . '. ' _ '1‘}. | M t ‘0. - -‘-’n '-I‘ ‘1‘ 0“ ’
-.. " ,‘ . - _., . ‘t- . ’ W‘ .q o. ‘ A2. a r : r
" p’u ‘ . ‘ ’.‘J J ‘.- ' I‘d . 1“! ~0 ’.. on. I“ r‘ o x" ‘1‘... _L
I '_‘ r. 3 “' " . 'I ‘ n l"“":": O ( I -‘ I [ritw-t.‘ ‘1:
.1 -.P.'J ‘.n 4““ -jlg.) .54 ..( A" I ‘.-.) .‘ . .4} -.
' . , D - O p ‘ . .‘
o . - - 0’ O 4.. J In I _ . a
, “.' ‘.J-IK . in: I‘ ‘ - ’-:~ -I' 0‘ :' .I .L ' ‘3‘, alts kt! o'- - -' ' "
~
, - r ' ' ‘ §
.’-. _ I. '- '1' . .. ' . u . j .. '
..fil.‘ ‘..}. t " ... [A4 1“ .2! a ' .5'.“ ‘8’.’ L"’ ""-‘K. 3‘-

.. ." "I'VQI
.x’JJ.'!"- j.

‘3”1'1" r‘".‘
. _.".. 4-. __"..¢

151.4,
-f 1 I 'Q -l«' ,1 f C o - ' ‘ .h-,. (_o a. .' ...! -'. ., -. »‘
g -.u ul:\..:_..- ...u.‘ .;-!.;;L:.:Ia(:n ...—..J l «.34-?

”[1,”! X) . ..

:f:
"
...
\.
3..- .
“w.
h. I”
|_-. O.’
a .3
‘ n
u
a
g. .
L ‘1“
‘.- \o
,A .
f~M

~.« \ . ‘ i- ~ A " 9‘ . . -~& '...... l _. .... .- ., - [p V "'\'
.J I .. 0‘ v1 OLOS o!- U‘L ‘..-l 4‘ {1.3 3 o ‘\x t “A '«a" 1‘ $..v :lf L-..- J "'
~ -'.Ibf; "- ' ' ' ‘~.' " ‘ y .m'r . "’ . ~1.
‘ at -,.n \' (.4 -.‘~.!‘ ' o. *— a ..." ‘J -l.‘ . I C '1! u?’)-‘ at (. I ‘13"
‘0
'~-N : I n‘ . r "‘. .. .- 'J _. .- z‘ - .-. f o . .‘
3L.) -1: 33-..’11J.I. in J .l.‘ ....7. .1.;.’....1.|(--.;(!J.

‘ ~. . - V ‘ - 3 ‘ -
g . ’ r ’.. o, . ~ I o r ' . o . l H ‘
&_‘. ia‘fk: AJ-Jtu ( 13.». .t. .J.‘ . -' =3: -k I. ... I”);
r'“ "‘ " V" 4 I. U -0 I H l .“ .3- "
.3". . '-‘l J {'13:} .‘o’ .’ 5“) I 1;.1‘.’ .'. r: .n. “’..!" IJLI \
' t. . t. ' -.. . . , . ;\- ... .n' - f‘ . . ...- ’-
i‘-’.: so 5L c-l-CO in. ‘..-I ‘~,_.,. o.- b! ‘J ‘ll ';."r“- -.-r‘ ‘3
.ut , 0 9'. O - 5 .n :. -‘ I'~ o O u _a u .I ' .- f
.23»! JJJI’JB-'-3“‘:5?5~l -) ‘- ---' .. ""-'- aha-v.4
.’ I. ‘1‘; ‘.. r :.,’.‘.‘ ,‘C; r ‘. .. (‘.. r ' '9 .-’,-"i"
'Z‘ .‘Cd-‘os.d ‘-~.'s —..' (O‘QJ ..‘n 1"“ y) ‘15 ‘1'; “vi. ' ‘fi
, ...- A“ -Q- '.. ,3 - .o;.f~. ~ -"~‘r =--.‘. ' ..,, a. ...
.- .3: .3.” \Ji. 1.. ...; 4., ..x _- . .:. _..L. J .'. .-.
r d: , 1 .‘
. ‘;.}.‘ ‘.‘o.'-! 'I.
.'.

I
a .
’.. ...-—
- ...
‘. I '
A 9‘ -

u“ v ’l
0‘.

11.50:!

‘- O \ v. ..
" I o- -' ~..', . ."l '.s' , . ‘, -
. ’- .L_‘ ‘53- 45-»!- .J1 ., _L-...l..1.._3 -‘ DJ.
.". -‘ ..- ' ...- .. K“ " ' :
‘\ ‘.1 .‘.:J u’ ‘ :(."-: 1"L bro“; 5 If. 5" I; ‘-l- u. ‘
a ‘ ' ‘ ' ' l " 1‘ I15 I. '.. f' '; f. ‘.l 4' ,‘.
15"! ‘1 ’fi‘dl'.~’)'. :0“ ..L L5. ‘oQ-J nu ‘.. Ia. ‘
i
O I‘ ,. 's ‘ - - ‘ . . I. r f 5' ' . T ... A .> cv- .
"‘ ' ' ‘5. ‘ c 0‘ ‘L ‘ ‘5‘ "‘-J‘. a“. I. l-'- a: [1"\"( " l C: K' -
u‘ --.o‘" -‘4 .' ‘ I-I.I. '.a .‘Q .I“- .l-“.
. - I
c F" a... - " .,l . §

_. (.-.),

-... -Q o-"‘ co--_.

35

[(6 /’/
{/m/ 9;? F;:f/~%

.o \ ~~-\ MICHIGAN

//

‘ ‘_ 4
’,/” 68
. ,,,,, , / ..,%’
, ’_w_________l____sc0NSIN ’ 70

\N
0
\
\
’0
a.
03

l

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

l4
l6 _ )
0;
é”
, V
MINNESOTA /
IOWA /
2
LEGEND
A 74
JANURARY ---~
JULY \ ILLINOIS

 

 

Figure VI. January and July Mean Temperatures.

...
VA”
..
I.
3' a,
C u”!
a.
a
.
.l‘
U ..’L
a. I k...
.g
a. - .
i . o
.
.
4., 2 v.
. I
n n
V O l v
)1 I . a ..v .1“
on III ~ o v ‘a’..“- 2'1:
, L I I i .
. . a i.“ , . .r
_ . p ...
.c 4 .
N. u r . 2 I.
L . v o .,
A . .
e- L L y 4
a. I . x x
..O .- V4. L .- L f
v .1 s. . :‘l? t.
I a L. A. 1
. . . (a -u - .
.....v i»
. u. L .
’b‘ I‘ r 1" o
o . . .g
n | 1 . V b o 1
I... urn: - x. , ...!»
3. t! I . a
. . . 2»; m ..
I) l I) ’l)‘ O
. I _
. . . ...I.I\....I .
s I . I o l "v ‘I
. . 9. . 30’. .LIB an...” I.
.
I
i I 1 .
n
K r
hr
. . .
.. . 4
r
,r 1
.‘D _C'A .
.I l
9 L
y . ‘
.
.
‘0
a
.
s
§
.
. L ..
v. « X t
. , . L.
. ‘
.
o .
.
.
(...:
‘1‘ v.
. '.Il
.
L
I
...:
\ .u
9 ...
. r . . ...
a
.
, . a.
. t .
. . v a!
s .. I \ .rl .\
4 A. v
‘..». W . L. 1.
'..» A I.
..u N
v
.
O
s a I
I A
‘
I n
‘
.—
v h
« 1! N3...
. .
v n
.
i‘jik In L LI\1 l Lfll .lfxlll Ill. 11!: II. a ...u ‘.L LI II I . 9 D .:i vl'l'llulvu A

 

.

 

 

.
_,
‘1
d “ .
3
..-
O
.
. I
..
L .l o v
C L .
. 3&4» . . 7 _.l
.... x ... fl .
v ‘
a
n a L
.
.o
.u .v
.59... ..
”mt! v03 I
....
.
w . 3‘
C ."
..-
.
v .
.
.
w ‘I
. ...
r
v '
, u.
L
.. ‘
1
, _
_ r
p a
. a r!
f r
.
\
.,A
,
.
.
5
. .
8 O
i-
a. .1.
.
.. .
‘—
A I n L. .

 

 

36
complex has approximately a 100 day growing season.
Precipitation throughout the State averages 30 to 32 inches
annually, with 60% falling in the five month period between
IHay and September. Of the three summer months, June, July
and.August - June is the wettest, with about 4 inches of
rainfall. ‘Most of this is associated with thunderstorms,
some of which are violent and accompanied by heavy rains,
destructive winds, and hail. Of the four season, winter is
decidedly the driest, averaging only 3 l/2 to 4 inches of
precipitation. February being the driest month, with
approxtnately 1 inch. In northern Wisconsin, the average amount
of precipitation in the form of snow per year, is 60 to 80
inches with a duration snowcover average of 120 days. This
portion of the State has cool temperatures arriving earlier
in the fall and remaining longer in the spring, because more
of its precipitation is in the form of snow, and has a

longer period of snow cover.

 

 

D- o i
. ! ‘.., . b- .. I I ‘ . .‘ ‘i‘fl' l"’,‘ . . 1 ... '(,' _...
l .1 ., .-.. , ‘1 .- i.. It - 1., ’3‘. .c \ s... .) ‘.-L...I ..o I}. . . -'.' .\ 5’) fi. .1“ .
l
I
.h ‘ '-' ' . ’ , l ‘ r i 4 .' 'I :.'. ' . -‘ o. ' z I ..‘
. . s. ." . ‘. :. . "- . ' ~, I' - .'. ' .'-. . f ‘ ‘ '.. . - . W ‘ : f ' _ , .
(I J.’--/‘:.L .1“.- ‘I " "n—v {)7 ,‘ ‘1.K.I)§f‘ :‘~~ i-s- " s. "u J “.A" , ‘I‘ ”O‘i-l ““J.§J'-'5.-‘.\.-o"-’-}---
'i
u'
‘ , . s I O ' ' ‘ . . u ’ r
. » , u ... .~ I - 05> e . ’ - ... o,s 9"." .
i I .. Kt '}' ...._ .’ l-"’ I'JAJ‘ ‘ "' , .n ’....J Li,‘ (‘.yl.‘ ...-L pl-'. u L}’\,' fiJ- ‘.t e y-J_ .‘_; adisr...)
. v .. “‘ -‘. _ r, .. . I . ..‘Aol ... . A: ~§ - . . I o n. .
' - . r . . 0_ ._ ¢ v4: . v. . D ., .. . _ .g a
, ,‘J..‘.\. ‘.I. -.‘l.. (v.4. .jL‘U‘. -- '.x -' I}. .-.‘4a.¢3 ..".’.'..,- . 5.} g - !'-.'f'u..|J\'-Ji LrIIJ uni.
% . _ . , _ . .. _ ,
. - r - , .x . ‘. - '4 -l _ . v .. —9- .., -. ,- - . 1., ‘ ~ ...
j - f) .1” -'. "Hid " .. ,I'.» a 1&4 .1 ~. ‘ . v‘.’ 1.5.1 ‘J. 1.3- ...; ...). -‘l.‘1J‘-.. "' .1 1. Unity; C‘!‘ .2;
.- I
cl
I
r . ° -' " ' t ‘ . " ,, ' u...~ ... ‘ ' h I ‘ v'._" ' " "‘ ." . :1 1" .'r‘-'
to. -‘.£..*\'.. .-.- 1,.11 .. a..- .\ (.' '.S!--'.-J{.0:~(.“o l J. \‘p'L-J -.(l “-.....“ . .... )5- 1).; .34
l
-:
:l ‘ - R . '9' .‘r P‘ a re ‘ p . II . ' ,9 h i I u 9
. .' ‘ “ ; ' ~a ., '. ' v... p .-_v o "a t :1 . - .. .; a ' _ I" ' . i ' - .' "
I c l. i-t—hf .. I“) r."-“‘ A '«v‘ .."-..“'-'.!.' ij‘ .i' 'k'vfl ‘.., a) l " o evil“) -'.(._s I ...} .‘B 1.‘ u)." .(-.l c C’ .I‘-’ (It.
‘ m 1
‘- i
' . \ " . ‘. . ~ ‘ .' . . o ‘ I
I ‘ m- ‘ “ ‘ ..v '.. ‘ .'. ‘ I ‘ " '-*‘ "' r g. '.1 I. _s‘ . .l |- u - ,~ I § v '
“ ‘ .-. - ~ —I 4‘1... l c ’1 c ‘i- .43! .' Ks -' 13‘ .. iiJ .- 1-) . ...-.- I 1‘ '~".‘ (‘9 t \a 1. {‘.‘.{.“t' m." .a J .3“ -' _1x‘... )
h
\ l
.-
’ . '.. ,, " -, w“ ." ~, 2‘ ‘, .,-_ ’... : ‘_. .. ( .-. ...}. ‘* - ..
‘ ¢ " \a‘ 1.". )uist . o ‘.-! . -.. '.- ‘ -‘3' 't‘ ' .’ ,"| .‘V :.’ Q, 0. )-..£J-. 51“ e.-‘ ..., It J.‘.Jei I.’
1,... l ' \ 1,, ‘ 1 \.
"1v;
-
'.~ ‘ r. .K ' ’ ... ~ ‘ .' .. '." ' x 1,‘ ' v .
' . -.. . , . 0‘ _ ' I - . -. ‘u .. , .. a & ‘ _ u r. a _ —. g
! ‘a..l..‘ {I t:..;"‘..l ‘ .1 Cut-... . {1 9.:‘J ' ,r1.-..v‘.i lL—AL‘JL‘ .3[‘{.,‘ .~ .I. ('... ‘O"~-.C'¢-.JI'J 4‘
1
, . . ..- ' , to ,~ _ I
\ ' ¢-. ’: . - z. - - . . ... . ‘ . '5', ‘ - .5 . ~ - f‘ . ~ - ... -‘ :, ‘ . .
I -12 .3“. - 1 1‘ '»- 1.5.. -.‘._3 ‘.J. .. ”1,522.. Ll _L..1NJ...‘\ -.UlJ Lt). ¢h..-l.l.5. A ‘.'_|.;2Jh- 114703.495
t ‘ ‘- Q .1
’l ‘5 . " .3 . I ' “,- ‘_‘t ‘ ' ' ' '. ‘ I 00- 2 ~41- .. 1, .."g . --‘ -- r .5. . 7. .1}. “ ui .\ .,. :- I“. ,4 o‘. T} u
i 7k. '...4 um v.-. ‘ ..'..«-.-'. ‘k 1“. "‘rJL J.“ a“.-.l:-a. ‘..-! ‘1. I401"; Lo‘J.?’.'oJ.,’.L(J ..U
, . : ..
|
‘ v - -. . ' I‘i" .' . . '. . 1 “ ’
s ‘ .._ ’. ... .- or. .\,~l-. . . '.‘. .p .4 B _.., , .... .
c I ..‘. . xi 131-‘ u ..l. . 1.- I); :31. -~ 4 5'.- .-‘. .t. .x '4 4.3.1.3131; .tU-..; 5.. _.. 1 ... ’.. .,- _ »; ‘f-uef,‘t.‘...,
_ I.
l
i
LI .. o . f . '— . r . ' ‘0 .. f ’ r- ‘ ’ I I 5 - v ., I O ‘
. A ,_ . — ., - -_ . . ‘ .- o b . e '. .- . ‘1 ~--_ >- .,r
‘ -'. . _ - v . 1...: 'J..-'- -..) 1.. 3J.r3.,.o I-’;. '.w .".. .r.‘..'r; ) (JUL! 3-44.0J J ‘Jslg .ts.’ £J(3-'.-. -\‘..““
‘ I
‘ ' . ‘ . r" .» r," .« a... '.., ..., '. . . Q. _1 . ~ ,‘1,,,., ... g,“ {I".-.'-“. . ,3”, .9
l 1 .\ , . 3‘. I ‘ ‘.. "~'l.‘... - 'I'". §~‘l’ ‘.. .‘J. "“"r .:~‘(.7-L ' tutu-ltd.“ -‘ .1 $I‘II—Zb _.. -‘..:J—I ‘~;x-l~. it)
!
b
i
I , my“. :JJ '- ( 2 1“,. ,- u w... in... 1.1.) 1..-}, .-._~, bug“; z;.;,,v._;-.;,i _- (‘ .3;J_[ . .,,.
r- . _
I
i
:- '.‘ ‘ . ' . . '.. . . ‘.-
, . um- ..m A, ..h f. (... .. _..; 1H,”... .1.

 

//é,,, ”’7’ Mger" »:/’//”’

$32 féf

WT.

MICHIGAN

  

"mutual

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

I40

|60
MINNESOTA

—_-~‘

IOWA

‘

NKJI40 I40

. ILfiNOIS
\ \\
'\

Figure VII. Average Length of Growing Season.

Tu I

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

.5

.t.{-':8.< .s I'm-.1} Lin [i3'_«.':".J 9 :suw‘. .JI‘I '3"L=._a.

 

38

EVALUATION OF NATURALTRESOURCES
Eater.
The Chippewa Flowage or Chippewa Lake as it is referred to
in this study, is the second largest reservoir in the State
of Wisconsin. Only the Perenwell Reservoir in Juneau
County is larger. ‘

The area is one of the largest semi-wilderness lakes

in Wisconsin, offering a chance to escape from man's

"improvements" on a scale that is found in only a

very few areas in the state. Numerous islands,

practically all undeveloped, offer a unique camping

experience.
A recent Conservation Department Bulletin on Wisconsin Lakes
showed that the Chippewa Lake has some 17,248 surface acres
of water. While the Chippewa Lake, referred to locally as
the "Big Chip", is a flowage, it encompasses approximately
7500 acres in natural lakes. Prior to flooding there were
eleven of these natural lakes. Though they have become part
of the entire flowage, their locations still remain today as
some of the most important fishing waters for muskies,
*walleyes and black crappies in the State. Some of these
larger lakes within the Chippewa Lake area are; Scotts Lake,
Rice Lake, Pokegama Lake, Crane Lake, Tyner Lake and Chief
Lake.” Figure VIII shows these lakes in relationship to the

entire Chippewa Lake impoundment.

 

10Department of Natural Resources; "Public Recreation on
the Big Chip"; 1968; p. 2.

In I

a
V
I \ |s. ‘..' l‘ "l ‘.l'l'.' , .'
. . \ |‘e J ‘ 5' , {'I 5“! [1‘ \I
1 - . L c.y.... .. .-..-.- J» .
E ..-o-..p..n-on-----.-fl‘u-0‘<morro-v~.--
i
I
I
'I
J uv _‘- '-
.. ~ I
J c-fl-o-m-o ~-
I
'I
l I a. w r ‘ . .‘ "I! '..! ‘4 I'
m . a -.. - xiv s 0 l ' .‘ ' , . ..'.'- ‘ I
E 4 . * ' .. J..-- .I'u he. —9.’ I 'J - l.‘ in - - 3'-..’ ....U J. ..‘A 7‘ a. "n: )(“I‘J In ‘ -‘--.'-
.- _
Y . ' . 0 V ' I H ‘ " ' .-
.-- ‘1 '\ -‘— "7 a 0'5 C‘sr . 7"! ‘.., ' '- r. . _ f1“. .' . .'-a v‘; ‘..} §"l‘( I. 4" Ir. '-
‘u. .r-'\. -.{15 ’Ip'. v:-."..‘Jl 'f\'- V -'-~ -1”! '«,-&‘-'-L '~»~>'1'.‘ -,'-a- -."- ..J ‘6-‘. ( {s—IJLI “.!.'-ad 'lqu
f
I
o— a ' 1 , s- ‘ I . m ',
I " ‘1' x " ' . ' I I ' v- ", ’ p ' 'u w 'l ...
k .Ljia‘llall. ‘11 _ 1". \alns .u-., .‘I '..-v'. 's‘.¢ ‘_¢..£~' .d’.‘ Eur-1““. ‘ -8-
- ~
I ’ ‘ '1. I s ' ‘
-." ' ‘ inn-x.

: . ~~ - - . ‘ ' . .1
. . . ‘ ‘ -~ v I- I‘. ' '-~.‘ . ." ' . "‘ ‘ . ’3 " " o ,.- f "‘ '.‘-‘f‘ . ‘
g L ‘.. n: ~' . .‘ I s U \f it -'. .1. ‘.l. .-. I. -- v ~- ‘ ‘l -3 I .n‘ 1 . ‘ n— — ‘Ji ‘5; .2 .Il‘ ‘ ' o a \ .... ’1'. 3’ ' I 3‘ _‘ ha i
i * y e f - r-n ,. " " r I'D 0 . ' a 1 ‘ ‘ ‘ . '
‘ . ‘ v ' - , n o ‘
:1 s. |' a 4 \J..-. ..sl' ' l 0. I. .0 . - V K ' ' (-1 ‘ As-~ ail}-.. C‘ . J.‘ B 0" -. ‘ 1‘. : ‘I‘Jm
d ..
V
a: . l.‘ E r - . .n a .1 ‘ " '|.". ‘0 ’.. .0 ‘ - ' ' -.‘.o' .(fi ; '
L- I ..I "h. I.“ t .. ‘-1'.'J '.- v... ._,. .~ -u-Ov‘OI v ‘1" ...-I1 . . . .«I . .
_l
t 5 o
I. .' s I ‘.. .' .‘. t... . ‘ ‘3‘ ‘.. a' _-. , . .‘,s- a“!
‘ c \o I‘AL‘- s -‘. '. elh~ “‘ . a “I: I 0 11‘... a. ""C ' .II.) .0: o“. I‘-
;'I‘ ‘ -‘ . a f- r E f‘ t _, 0
v. ‘ Is 3 I ‘s ' ' " .‘ l . 4 V \ ~ . ‘ \. ' O. a s " ..
;" F I _‘ J :3 ”\) m-‘},‘ 'p.’ 1" ' . 1'»: o' ‘4' c' .' ‘J. ‘Y “ {[I’ .. «n’o‘4 .‘-.-'baa'§'.-.J‘}L’ dl':
D l I u
I. 5 1 {31‘ r r ’.... _ .
- «.V . . ‘\ I
‘. [ . h) ‘9‘: -l. . u)‘ '.L. I
a .
i ' - ' - . . I ‘ I
; -‘ .'" ‘ - 3 ,~ i. w: , {A f .» ~9' I~ “ I. .‘r - .r t‘ I. I -, ,‘ --§ t“.~o~- -‘ ‘3 ' .7 . D. g ‘ 1‘ ..a ‘
i ‘Jl- ..a 3“. IA... J:p{'\;‘. L9... . ..‘f’ '1. .‘ .‘—'.-|.“i‘ \ .31....""-I .Ef’(‘- ' 'x’ Ia‘(.‘..g l .I .II o-‘ (on; k K I. .L‘ ‘1’", A ‘ -‘-
‘. i' e 1 Q ~ . , 9 '
'-. n. ." :w ' ' r ’- ’.. .fl -.'. ff!" f ' .e ’ (5‘. .rV'.'v.‘ i " ‘1‘. ' '.‘fi. ‘1' f‘\_ . ‘... .,
'1. .-.. ‘.‘I 1.5-). ..-.Jafa \..'.'.‘. ‘ ‘.L - o‘ l- 'i ...-Lia ..1..«!.'-0 an ' ‘1‘." J... .'.'-I .J-'.x Wu"hII'LO--.bl
i
1
I ~ -\ f t . :1 a ‘ r a“ . w ,I' '- ‘ . 2 f} ' f .F‘; , v. ‘. ‘9 . '3 _ ... . . - ' ‘ ‘5 ‘ ‘1 ' .-- ':‘ {‘4 “ : l“
l ;J'~' ' I‘v—L ’ . ~ ‘l-i.- "J ’4'" J. v’..; .'.- l .k ( aldihli I‘s: .(. I'.3 .‘J.\- a... u. .‘_--, ~u< - ‘ . J‘n'v ' ' O .‘a\o’
.~ .
'.
I
. " - ' 1 e ‘ '7' I. Q : . '. s _ _ s .
' --"" ‘ " "I" I’M. '1‘ -: o‘ ' ' o . w" - - " f’ ‘, ' 1 ' j
l ‘..». ’- I"' .- ‘.£'--‘A"lr.v \.4 *il".-""' -k‘--’-l~) 01-: “J'.J.’ °{-1.-'L r! 74;. ‘ §,-‘\£.'~' ‘ . "m at“.
|
I
’ n '( . ‘l' .‘ e - . v .' f . ' I '79s: 0 v ..., ""'-' ;-
. . ‘ e . -. I‘. M -- ‘. 'c ‘A ’ -'< . s- a' " .
-...I": .,--. ‘:-l My. «Nun- to: .10.“: .u. ....,--‘. ,*.-n....-;-¢..H 1~., «1.3.2.. '5 U‘~:‘_. \
L
a ‘..- s \ T \- . ' ". ' '3' h I. ~ ‘I :' a! ‘I -\ a ' I'.‘ :; ‘ i.
_,‘ - .‘ . ‘ ' ,. ., . . - . — H . f . . l ,‘ .' .. . . . _V
H “...-H .-.. \ a .’\J .,lvlu.. ‘3.)iu'...‘ .'..I‘ lit-...». ¢&-)I..:'.t. AL. 1:“ -..I. .Ja...‘...J ...O ‘...!»1,5..’.,I
. v _,
y:
t 0 l | ‘ ‘ '. “
j s . “‘ v. .,I ’.. (- . ' -. .‘ I. ‘ . ‘.. .3 . 'I . a. . _..- ' v, .. 9’ .. ‘.. u o. a
‘ q | ‘ ‘ " s‘ ‘ . .- V’.- E: '0 -’. a;- —-'a ‘- {A C o x O 'l -‘ v; ...: d t: .J. -.. E. .' :~ .. ' ui ! I .‘ a ‘. -L d‘. “a - a. “ 3. U a" l a, 'I ‘ ‘
I
1
I . . ._ . . , ...
. .5 a . u l e -
. -‘ ‘ 7",! .- .. ' ‘I‘:." .. ‘.,‘ .. y . .. '_‘.‘..,:. 2 . -‘ - : .._. (. _. .. - ’ ‘. ' ,‘ .
c I. -..-o..z.-"- it” ..-... 0,. .- “4-1..“ I. name...“ .21. ... u... 4...: -.u ....;.'
. a
l .— 3"

4
_ . a
T .. " ‘."'

a I . a e ' '. ’ -
, .' _... . ‘ ... ~ ’ I .r-_ ’ . .. ‘, . ., n. , , ..,v. n". n '_ .‘ .7
f v. - 'Z. - '..‘ 5'3 UL gain.-.“ 3““! I.-. t...’l.?.':.11.'....v--' ’«;s..'-‘.(l LL! u "5...: {II I S”!
J

4

H ' ' ‘ ‘ ' ' l'; 1‘ " .\_.‘._ ‘ ’ ‘ f" I" "' .‘l i. a I" i ‘.-" 'I‘ ‘ ...-Jr ' Hf '\ ‘ ' 1“! " '1‘ '
‘ (\u ‘_' ‘.."‘\|‘ 2‘ ‘Ir' -:-s, ritynb- I» ..‘.|.’7 0:3..I. ‘.“.' ‘ J ,'—'J Iu‘o-“~..$~s‘b ‘. 1‘ ‘.E o!- :' .A‘.":,.’.
I ‘ ' . . -' ‘ 3.. . - ‘ . - ' 1' f ’ a
° .. .‘t ..-. who -> -'-.-‘ ‘...“, *'0~'.=-' ~ .-'~ .~
.. I- .-r- unit‘s) “digesa ...-11.“... (3)-~ 1‘ ”14;.9.,e' '..).-nn. ('1‘...~.)";~'..‘1(J,. 1 was}... .13 -11.
‘ ‘.v '4 .' ' _ 3’ _ ‘7 P 9' ‘ . i, - a— . II pl '
1‘ .. JZ' av: _ I. . ‘ as . 3‘ ~’ I - ' H . ..., 0'. ~ --v .5, . .‘ ’ . l 1 ‘... um' - s' A. ," N- g. 1
0‘ ‘,'\J ‘ '..-('1 ‘4‘“ .‘-‘\J .l‘ . -1- ln.’ '..»‘lma2-J“. .J “'1’. .-i’ ‘.‘ “(inla'u éoté ' ‘C AJ—5‘ ‘..-a .J . tIOJI‘H
’ ‘ ' . ’v"" '.i.” l.‘ “IL- -“' (.,,: ... i- . l v ll ‘v'! ’1’.
pain. A “."nmagof‘ ‘.s. ~4aa.){- .‘n:.‘.1~.,"-,J.$4kl -J.I.‘~.JL~-‘
. A
-‘~-‘---flw-.-'- -- -s..-”-ba
' I
n I I 0
. . \ '5 -. s , .- -. .- " e I . ~' r '.r‘ “J I. —- -‘. -‘ . ,- -' l- -l
l 1" ‘.3(‘. -- 11¢.’ “"' 7"... 'A-IoL-l‘. ‘.~JJ K '..—h a‘ J, - ..a a; a J.:0 ... Elie! \‘Is.’ -.i’ ‘.., ‘J‘ |;'.‘ ‘ “3‘ .’ ‘x.

 

 

 

U844
HUEImZOOI

 

.'

NX<J
>¢¢wOUDJm

   

w¥<J
mw:fiv

 

9.3 .‘

muz>k

wx<J
Pmoru

wx<J
w2<mu

ux440uwm

 

 

 

 

39

 

.w: 00
on uoaua moqu Hausumz 0H «nu mo cowmuuwwI

40
When the Chippewa Lake is at full capacity there are
approximately 200 miles of shoreline. (This includes the
islands). About 90% of this shoreline remains in a

relatively undisturbed habitat.

The flnportance of water impoundment sites must also be
evaluated as to water orientated recreation potential. This
is emphasized by the ORRRC Report to the President in 1962
which states that:
Nearly one-half of our population prefers water based
recreation to all other forms: Roughly one-third of
all Americans fish for sport; boating is among our most
popular outdoor pastbmes;...; swimming, already high
on the list of outdoor activities, premises to top all
others before many years have passed.
Chippewa Lake is located in the southwestern corner of a
775 square mile watershed. The two major rivers of this
watershed are the East and West Forks of the Chippewa River.
The East Fork flowing from the north-central highland
region and the West Fork from the Northwestern lake region.

Along with these two rivers some of Wisconsin's finest lakes

and lesser tributaries give their waters to the Chippewa Lake.

The major portion of the Chippewa Lake waterbasin is located

in Ashland County, with Bayfield and Sawyer Counties consum-

 

110.S. Department of Agriculture; The yearbook of Agri-
culture; 1963; A Place 33 Live; Washington D.C.; p. 356.

‘ltdl

“1!!" A I

e "_ O

.
I _mvxrua

w" "3 13" Itflr

a

 

{“.:iJu3

e(.

Is A‘
.5: ‘~.
‘

AJ.'. s.. -

, l '
a e".l_‘

I‘ I
U‘!."}L‘ “for": ‘

. .I
‘ .‘4'.

J ' .5~4L-'v-‘. .- .- .,

30'4“. {23:4

’ufii ".'-“.7.5',_~-,

o
. - . .

'4‘..J(I'!! J. d'.-

-‘vfi.’f '\ -I"

d -‘ U‘ m; 5 ‘.o“"- .lt-;

,‘ .‘L; '3 'J's‘ -. U

.
r

U 'J.‘L~:‘ .'. 3.:

e -:, 2"‘:'- as,
‘ (Judi-".5 so K-LU‘

hlfiufi kuBm

' l'
I

5.3 {1-1 audit-33.4.

”A. ....:1(.‘..

-09

u~

‘u-—\W‘)\J Ila;

_. '.iixi; 1') i

1?; Tl(l€,:i_l:.lar)"5

4..
v-.a

Ono

1.!

.
. , . - ,
i -
‘.‘I‘H. l‘ ‘-,_ " n‘ I e
‘5 e
I I P ' . v e
l- .' ‘.- .. ' 'g n
L. . . k I.- - "J bu... 'o.

I .I‘.
31‘.»

. . , .
'82?- 1 fiZSLJ. 54V“..-

- s
a

- 'j-OI'I 1':- ‘ ._
Q‘-'eelb -)\!- 1.5!

r- , ' (rt-
:2~’:‘«'-i- la. u
_~;r‘.‘\‘t-.'.:., I L.‘
r . f.

..L :mJ aso

'. I.

v _ . _.
kl \'IJ:J1..JU

_,. ". . '.... .,,. ,. 7,

.J...eI..' 1‘ v u J.$'.\.'
e |

C ‘.-..

. z.“ ‘35‘ ~

...) .-.;.I I-.‘.Jl e. -\ _ _ , o.
V r .

Is " e -" ‘ ~

0.3.1lJ ‘... .4 $ t h... “'1. A

.. ,— O
9.1.71 ..I’m .10" 2"»:

— _.
‘s

. . ".4. ' .. . ‘ 3'
..- 1...“; ,;,..:u.-.

- I- I - v I‘, e P n J
23.3 ..“o .31 1.49;

f 9 -' ‘ "‘ i‘ ‘
Iri‘uJ f.‘ 53.1.: a .5 5;.

- “1.0-5-- On. Q... -... -.--_fl-u-u

41

ing the remaining portion to the north and southwest respec-
tively. Figure IX shows the location of the watershed in
relation to the pertinent counties.

The strategic importance of water resources as a man-
nature problem now and as a critical factor in future
development raises to new prominence the watershed
region. A watershed is the land area unified by a
surface drainage system. It is well known that in the
arid western sections of the United States, the avail-
ability of water determines land values and land use.
There is now an awakening realization that the once
adequate water resources of the eastern states are in
‘many areas no longer adequate, without further develop-
'ment, to meet the needs of the future. Solutions to
present problems and development of additional water
resources requires that the watershed be studied as an
entity susceptible to coordinated design along with
the overlying socioeconomic regions in a unified
framework.

A significant legal, economic, and biological community
of interest is created through the unifying character
of surface water. It is the same run-off water that
passes each section of the watershed and any changes

in quantity or quality are the result of the use
patterns and regulation throughout the watershed.

 

In this framework, land and water energe as closely
related resources. Most human activities involve the

' use of both land and water resources with varying
effects. Water resources and land resources can no
longer be meaningfully analyzed or developed in
isolation from.each other. Because water resources
are more limited than land resources, watershed factors
and water use decisions will play a leading role in
determining future environmental health conditions and
the most feasible settlement patterns.

 

12i’arness, Sanford 8.; "Man-Environment Problems in an
urban Age and the Pole of Universities"; unpublished paper,
school of Urban Planning and Landscape Architecture, Michigan
State University, 1963; p. ll- 1

 

. "I ”L:

~v

lei” ' m" H '_' .Ir'ml‘ waéfiev—I an

 

.. s
s 1‘ e w .
.. - ' .I r . ' - ' 'J‘ . -. c. . - ‘ - '
‘1') ’ . , A ..a‘ ,“..AJ-1‘2C.“ 1 I .‘4 a '.':‘ .'- ‘4‘ I... Illu‘. J o .‘u- s.‘...e‘!|.~.e’ .s -. .7-’ t '1‘ ...
f s - ‘ ' t l ‘-
-. #3 a. v -' r- r' 34‘ '4‘ 1 ‘.. .0 a. v ‘
i a. I -a; '5 .' 'l ‘0' I"; I. -s‘;. 1 - ‘ca ‘-‘ -J -I~4‘(‘-§ t‘J ‘.'-{.‘C‘llls ' .1. “ *‘j‘ - 1' . ‘.‘ . n -
. ' ' r . -\ ‘.'. . . ,u. _, "-s, ' .
. l . b . ‘ . . ' . .
. l_. a- .‘1_:.‘."’ .) d.) J‘.J .‘ -__ ' ' ~‘,‘ .J “‘-' ‘4' .‘ J 0_ a ...
a . . ... n» o . -'« '-' , ~-‘a. . .. T . ‘ -‘ I -' ' - ~ '
\ . , 4's It 0. . . n , I.‘ ' a fi ,~ . a - ' n . .i . 3.,
-£1.'.-'- ‘9 vv.e' ..la”;"J.Ja ‘.'Id ‘.‘ .. .s- -u-." f‘,.‘ d-t) \} ~~‘-.I"-’ -' ‘.' 'IS .‘e §“a-. _n'b. ‘I 0' I! \‘n '-’}. i
"'~"‘I . r .-‘. i'j. .. ‘ u. ' ‘~- r. , . . ... . . . . .' 'w '.-! h"
u“ -.'.'.I~e ~J~ A .L J.‘ ‘.‘ e.)fJ- .-. lv'lv"-.o-l .95 —‘. l :, '4 . '."‘J.'.. .“ ‘1 .‘lb.': .L“.j‘.$, L. ...40-3 (‘..
I I a ‘ ‘ ‘ J h '
-., . . .- . —. ’x - .p I - , |,. _ -e e . _- . - - a. ‘v. o (.oo- :. , _ . - 1'.t"", _
3’. '~I¢'. .'~-. u.' .‘ ‘9 ‘-‘ 1“} ..t‘: ‘Je '1-‘.t.’ .(J - ‘ '.~' I, 0-. M .‘- 9 A .30.. J11 .‘At ‘......A.’ 5' .l t.’
A
I ‘u . ‘ a I ‘ e I ’I " n] ;‘ f. '- . ’.'-
’1 {_3: \- _ .4- .‘I ’.' ’..! 3.1-'.‘}. 'HJ L-'. IJL33 0:.5 J» r ‘. .|.L.'.,. J.»
. . ~ . . o
J "‘ l' I t " I- 1 -' D ' -‘."' I" - H“ ‘3" "' " '.Lz'
- v’ I .1 J «14.. ea) 1...“ -'. .1. ~ H.4- e _L .... .‘I g. (a -sl,. ....1 ' .. he
s . ‘ ‘ I a .
. I\ I . ’ - '.' . - q - . . e ,s
—— .. I'D i -o t :1 ‘J. >" - '-l‘- " 'i‘. -‘ I) .g!-'(.‘— ~’IJ.5\4. ‘.‘ )- Jee 0"} s ' Ao'g
. ‘ a ‘ ‘ 'r ' ‘ “s y 4 g. ;- .". ' ‘ . - ~ 1 ' s ,‘ - ( -I, V 3 u r '1
e~ ad I .,, I .'.s v, .. -I.-z .\ I.-. chm): -.i :. ..Ii: _I. -smv .1 .2 ‘1 .2-.. I
Q
. -- . .- .0 1 -t ‘ . ‘ .- »
' c I a . . I! _ s ' - a _. I. 0" I -. ... .' I ' ‘-' ,~
-' -i.\ . .. .J J'J. J .‘"‘.-. on '.....-‘Jm-‘Jv q~gn'J...1'|:". .r'u‘ m la‘b . "."‘ fig. “4.... ...s
.. .'.u " v- rm .-' - .- .- -~ .~ - » -.r-'~ .---: ‘.' v-- -‘u .- -‘ r. - '~ n
I... .‘ v~ ...: '4. I—J ‘.'-4 {a ll...‘ :03 is -.- .n as O J - " 50'. ' ...-flit". ~‘ g’l - I,“ rl‘i’l :-). 3“): .3... a. II
I- - _ a ‘ s-
. ' -. "» . ‘ ' -"' ‘ ' ' -_¢ -; De—D' . . I . , . ‘.... s.
-( ‘ -.--‘ a. L- .'. ls...‘ ..."-'. .. LLLAJ... >’ ‘. g..-1~' LI" 5 .‘-9,.I..('-‘. "J43 3. "..1.n ‘g: 3"...‘1
-', ... , '. .1. E‘ - . 3' .‘ .1 ‘...: ‘. ' . . . ..s . , . .\ .'. . -
( \ul‘ ‘1‘ 1 L. 01:. .1 L. ... k. C . l‘ -‘v . ’~.; o. l..‘. ‘ , :s-e-J -- “ ‘... ...,'. ‘ I O ’1 1;; (’.‘ .1 I ul. ' "’ '0: ..i . §. ‘ ‘.. ." “ ‘
- . ‘ ' L ' M . c r .. g. .
. . . . , ' .. o . .. ' .H . .. ' - . ..
o 0 \ v ’0' .1. 0" ‘ ‘u .1-.. o ‘2. -.b" \O l) ("I I. ,‘V.’ I ’s.‘ .‘\.‘d', '5. 5,. ...‘e."' .'. do . -O. I '.'
.‘ i r
O
. ." 1."..1 :.‘ e . ‘ ~. _.\.... _ . '.. .‘ ‘ =-' ‘ - ‘. - ' .... V r ..
1‘ \ l ’ I all a I “' d (I ‘ a, t' ‘ J J ‘.‘h ... .“ ~} '1': e ‘.’ Iafi' J (J): :1.) ... :.{ ... ,. 0' s' I.’ l .’ I. 5 n 0‘ ‘ .fib (a. ‘ ‘ (a 0'.
v '.' - ' ' "O s . , - , " '\ ‘ . .~-' . e .- ',“ - T f ' .~ 03,9»; v-IO- . " ‘,
...“... l , ,.~('..‘- .1 ¢.I,_l.—s‘a... J A. .£-.-l.l-‘ '1..U\'..3 U4 ;.'a..o.'~l-..“.' JJan-J— . .JJJL‘J
\ | . . . a u i ‘ l. ' I e
\ . , .. . » a . , l ' _ - a ’.‘ ' f . ' . , '.. - ‘.‘ .. l -. . . , . u .. ‘ - . I 1. . l
~-J---.- :‘~.- '.- 1--. ~..H'- ....JJ. .I--.--’..-£.¢('..‘--t.:.‘..h;.... t.1..L(....'...l\»'t) an.)

. J‘A‘J I§.':I’ : 'ie- - a...
.a ."u'- ‘ '.' in“; f>e" :(' '3‘ J. r ’.' 'a' \Osfi- :fl,.¢-‘ 4.- ‘\I'}.': .0 i s .
c .l. . - -. \.-.C ‘.JJ e'-.,' ’__U.-. ’ , "‘ . J_ ._‘. ‘b‘ .] ..L.:\L_ “a. . I. {I}- I‘lJ.-‘.‘1t‘.‘\' ..

-'--“.-".'11": t..:"'"- -‘...-.L-.'J -‘..’I .3 ¢-:,_;.’.:\'I‘.VI:LT “7'41"“er LI. 3.5930311; 1%"

'.': I" I" ‘ ' F, ; '.‘ [1 h - ' ,- ; . : .. n 'm .' f n‘ -‘ .. , _1 . . ' ,. : .
Q' a .-—'J Je ’-. '.’ I d... ‘.'—t ‘.': -.. '.'; 19"": ‘.':‘IJJ (I... -J d’- . "'-'/"J I." e' 5):,34“ c L‘ O, t
" I Os Ts ‘ a" v- " - 0 ~ :s , --:- --. -'- .-. _ . ‘ .- -3 r. - ' .l . = '0‘ «I..- « .- . .
La ’E-‘..‘~ab" blet‘s LII...” b.‘.-;..».. ....34... .0 1 .11.; ..-" ‘,".'A~X»)...., ‘.Jr‘ ; sti'guifl‘g
., -x . . ..' ., - . .. ......~ " - -_ 2-...-. ., - 1
- .‘ ((3-1: s.“ ‘0.) CL 11' u; ...-‘.' I ‘.'5 u'b .' 4....- u‘\’ . . ‘5‘. ‘.' J —:- .1. 13"3’ 1 l} ‘1. ‘2"- 031350-1- ‘, :JoE-
‘. .. S A

I I .
v - s ‘ .. an” . -. ' . ‘n . _ . - n‘ _ ._ '- .- . I o -- ‘. ..e.» -' ' 0's .
e5J~‘A-’a.;.3y.l.w .’ 3L3...» Jiji‘hl, I-\.-.'.....I [.1!!,"..!!';_‘.L'h~“9 .._ [-5.5 fill-4.3.1.] g.»-

‘ K I

e --
..A

T . 0 ~ e-
. ’ Ig‘ ‘.. I I o . I'_> , g v . Iv f: I _. ~ fl '- ‘ as. e -' a’. .‘ _ _ c‘ .
‘.'}- ‘ k. (- 0‘- K’ \ I ’. ' ' .‘ :_ at. ’ Q. ' ... ' H 1 J l ‘o‘ ‘1’ I" ' {5 " 0“. ‘ d ‘ - a ‘.’ (5.1,. ’I -’ ' .s ... .1 L- n. ' ‘ 5‘ r. J-

9.
I C 1v

0.; '.' ' '.’,‘Vfi .' I '..‘ , ‘- _ "f .O- 4's a: - '3. ' ... - . ._. _, .,, l _e .. ‘
""A“" ‘\-'O\-':-’-~ “"c‘-.’--VglJ'o.é-e 2.4.). ‘J:!. (ff-'.‘; .U‘C."-AUtA.-:§.J kfdl‘|__L-’ .‘

"‘ I"'I V! .‘-_ - c ‘\ .e‘ro». ‘, . u- .. - e. . t . \ '-': _. .' ‘.‘" _, .
e alldL fi '.' 3 I Sin-4' use"! LfJ -J —--'-J‘ 11,... .1‘ -.' v. ‘B'lbl 1.“ij L‘Jbli Eu». ‘.‘LI ‘1‘. :9 (Id

‘ o ' 'l p

:' I I -\. K J. u » ‘..-Wt . 1 ' u~v . I p ,, .. . s v ‘.‘. , . -I. - .:.-. .
(10" l-" 1.: ‘.’ fi . is.) -t-Fi‘z Id; ,1 J ‘.r.‘ I. .... 5.1-3] fi,5'.’-_. :E’(:] (‘..,‘I xe-} ‘.'..e . ‘ . ‘s‘uaa' f—‘fJ —I e' -r‘
1‘. Tu ‘.'( r §\'.r(~ 3‘. '.' .s ‘."Q ' - us‘v 0' n. ’- n 1 ! I. :i ' " r ‘ f" “ I" " I “‘r - ~" I

... ~ v‘. 3.... '..!" ..U 5~ '..‘.~J. ‘.'n-"1'.) i-..l£J—, f;.;...x...‘.:.. :"U ‘-.-{.510
‘ I " " " . . ‘.' ' " ',' . 7’ y s ‘.' . 'l -_i s‘. . . a ...-L ‘ ;. ‘ ..
""~’-V“J“G-~‘-'o -'-«’~-!“é'«‘v .) ‘.’-33".“4 .2131...“ (193.?! (This. {.1-(n.r.‘.’.-'LJC:‘...,
v .’ ... “ .‘ ~-." .. ‘ ' ..‘O ‘,, "k ‘1‘. '9 o . . ,s- - . , ‘13. a u. ‘- .' f‘ 6 ‘~ -e’- r‘ _' (t ._ .. II ... ‘.‘ " '. "
M" .4-.. -- -».-...-«. --. (nu-unautqu nah-J. ”-.-ng n...)... ....J. .5..( 4;...

a , , ' a . _' . _-

3')'- r : h . ." I: " | ' lot " ' ' " '\.‘~ s r "-17 -'-- " fie .' .'."'.r“
" "' "‘ - '1' l-‘ " -' " ' h- a. _ a-. ‘ J -‘. — . .. ¢d£](.'.s~ 0-'.u' J :1 .3" ’..: “‘.’.5 (JV; 3.; I4. 1‘.

1"" m" """' “A" .[x-‘- 31'“ -£-'-r-'-~--'«J-~'u-¢ .«i'mn 5-1”?»‘1. g'.S.-.L;"A.1.--...:..-.§!n.'

P

.A. I. e ’ I: A .g .‘ o: y.. . .‘ . _- n‘. , ... y" . . ;-'- -‘ ... ... ' ~)
e amide .4 :‘sh .. link-L; -1 3.. . -. ... ‘.. .1‘:J.Z‘..~.f.i .. .5 «20:. 731'...-

-s--. *e...‘ ‘-.... ..- -.-‘.-o-'. ..a ‘0 O .1- -. -~- O~ Ov-

\ "
;" -‘ . ‘ '1 : ' " ‘. ' ' ‘+ ' y' - 0 ' < ' ' z o u . .. - a . '- :‘J-
‘ " ""' "1 "l'--\“~,-l-.e dzfi‘:1"“".o"--.‘J;R-.‘-.‘&'”‘ -'. i0: '.‘--.(thiiu .!'.'$.-JI‘.E.LPT')
I ‘ 5 e o . n .
' .‘ .' '0 ‘11 ’ g ". y ‘ u ( fie ' .. ' ~ ., -fi ‘_. _‘, 3 la _’ ._ . r C“ . '1 ’ . ' I . ’7 '
c "' l I .‘Iv..- .‘..o~-.¢'. 3!. ‘, 14!.4 ‘ ‘.,.|,~_ .5- I_', ‘.‘-f ‘0‘-_‘J‘.’ .- ‘4’ 1.34: I '3‘ :q.-," -\‘ ’51-",- '__.~ I}. 11:. \_- L}
D”. ' ' ~ l‘ ' '5. 9' ' - . - c .. ' ‘ .' . . ‘ f ‘ ’ r ‘- 0' -
— I .v ' ', a. ' l g ' f '_ ‘ 1 .' . I I. ‘ . A u‘. r . - , ' "' - - - " ' ' . - _- - " I'- 3
«It! . - ( d.i.!--l.4.,..)__. . _.. 5 .1 _...H._ 1""..71 ».-s..:\ ...{d’.l.‘.t.... . ‘g.’k ‘ L, ’5" “’.Uif'lJ‘s

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

P .
w
MICHIGAN
g—T
Li.
{Y «2'

MINNESOTA WISCONSIN "
V

IOWA (

ILLINOIS . >

Q\ \
Figure IX. Location Of the Chippewa Watershed in Relation
to the Pertinent Counties. '

 

 

 

 

 

 

. .U ...D.’ J
{ ‘.‘lll: .
. .{‘ t V' 4 Tu‘b
tn... 1 .. .0.
. r 1‘ ~ .
W a -
.. ,w . _
-
Ns . .
Q 4
s5 T .
t 1.. .
4‘ x ..l. .
. . ‘ . I}! p . -
. a .33.}... . 9 x x
U . u
. .K 4 5‘0”...
1 . . .v .
.~ . 4 .. . A
.. n
< or
.
.. . .
....
‘ n ”W. a T J
. ‘fc i
u . Jana. . by
n x .1 .
. ‘ o I .
a .
.... .,
11 A . .
u
x g ‘ 2. . v.1 ~ .
. , ... C. , u
.. .2 1
y 1+: . \n
.I . 6’: ‘i . l
‘ .d I. I n V .
\ ’...... 6.. . ...a "...; l
(I J
o) Q. ' x
x ..
. ,
.
.
a:
_ V
c v
.. .‘y
.0 ‘ v a .
. {l ....
o. I. n I o ‘.
( I
D I. l ..,-
fc H‘ D {Q .
‘ .. . . . 1|;
~ . ¢
, n .14
C It.
. I
, a 0* p ‘1. U
I § 7. \
.. . f}?! Q .. I
a
.3 ‘v ..s'
. ~ . D.
.4
. r J. ¢
. . .1 a
C l
h . .. . _
.. I
h w
, on.
.. z
_ ”a. I, ?
... .
.
. .u .
0’ py
u .. _.‘. .
\ on V
. , .
w .
. 3 _ .
. -
C \
\ I .0. .'
I"
~ I c
.4.
.u" 0
- . u T ,
s u v
‘i. . .
¢ n
p‘. a... ,
. . .. _
A .
\ ...
u . 3..
Q
t
5 p I
I ‘
.. . ,
\l
. .‘
... m
I , 1'
o ‘
.h
o. n I... II;
‘.. .
\. a”.
. ‘.' .... » . ‘.. .
- . o o. . Q t
. . .> .
. 3 ‘ .
A: . o .
7. \- ..
| '1 .i ‘ r \
Q- . I I.
.. . V»
..n
i, o. ‘
l A u
p“ .
A . .‘ o
I:
. .
‘ . VI
, .
.
‘ ,.
. .J.
..,N «13:1... Jl...J:
......

 

a

.. .. w\
r!

43

Generally there is the same amount of water flowing over

warm-tr-” “"H_“ " “~ —'

the dam throughout the entire year. The Lake usually

-‘_e_.. ‘m‘“

reaches maximm capacity by the end of May and renaina

stable until the end of November. December, January and

 

February have the largest drawdown with February having j

 

the greatest. The average yearly drawdown has been 13 feet.
Because of this drawdown, and the fact that fishing is pro~
'hibited during the winter months, winter usuage of the Chippewa
Lake is considered to be minor. April is the greatest “‘
‘Ionth for recharging.

0f the average of approximately 31 inches of‘precipitat-

ion that falls on the state annually:

21“ returns to the air through evapo-transpiration
6" infiltratfs to the ground water table
4" runs off. 3

The united States Geodetic Survey has a gaging station on
the Chippewa River located 3.2 miles downstream from the
dam. This is at the Biships Bridge in Section 23, Township 39
North, Range 6 West. Since 1923, the flow at this point has been
completely regulated by Lake Chippewa and other reservoirs with-

in the‘watershed. Prior to construction of the Winter Dam,

there was a heavy discharge during fihe months of April and

 

May. The average discharge from 1912 to 1965 was 700.0 cubic
feet per second, with the maximum discharge of 7520 cubic feet

per second on the 4th and 5th of September in 1941.

 

13Robert W. Finley; Geography 2; Wisconsin; p. 40.

 

.4

mm
A“

 

Lu. .‘1

 

. J'l ‘ ...-.3 ~‘.(...-. . n‘w.i. . j n‘a.~r ( J ';' U: ‘.‘J --l .[ ‘..... ' A Ia; ‘..'.J 1‘ ‘4‘ — '.'
I
~ - . ' . . .« - . .0 .I . . . -f. . ._ , ‘..-
r . o , . e Vt v P . ‘ . _l _' _V
9-....- PI. \. ‘i -.'- " ‘1. .. ‘ .- ‘3-‘3 ‘- -.o ---a - o. 9' er ’ \’ “"\‘.‘;‘ II(- --1ow I ') ...‘lj.’
x I, p K . a
. . ..., . a. ‘ , - » , r- - _ , a. - ,' - - - . u p . e . - » .' - I. . r . ‘- f". -
. .x-‘i " .‘ '.. ‘..7‘. (I L-." .; I -w ; _J'u. .:..« .2-«:.:.'.‘.... '-'-L t 41.4.11;
\g‘a‘. h .N s. ...u, n n .. v. \- ~I— ‘

‘ V. . a . .a '.' .- .1 . '. .' - I . .. _... . . ' . n» d: u ’ 9 r. ? ... ~ . "e:... ; ‘.'. of. e 0; '
I’ a.'.. d O. ‘.-.; ‘r.’ -‘. -5- . . ’ .4 -'.{J i. a‘. ‘ltj "I. »J oL ‘0'. u' ’. I" .5351... .51 e-‘r ... b 531‘ I n. ”.1" .-‘ J;-
- . P a .
' ‘ L ‘- ‘f' ' "I ' ‘7' “'.‘ 5‘ '\'J' 5“ )VI 3 9‘ .\"r i" y ", ~ .. .. ‘ q .
. - a . ‘. a. A.“ > I I ‘4 0 u 0 . _ " . ‘ .5 . o-‘eo I 'l ' ' - . . 3 J. . I: I.' , o . - . u .4

v ‘ - - ' '. ‘ “'1, v" ~..‘. " ' . - . in ~'\, In. H
'.‘. -~,‘ . ...-‘v , ‘..," .\ $0.4. _- ~‘ 5"; 1J J-~,’I.-.. J.~. I“J.S ( '.'. .Ml"'.' $0.' ... \JJ.‘ .! '.‘. ...» '5 I‘- a“ “‘

, .t. . . .~. . Kn. ., . -I. '. '-- ' ‘ ' .I ' ' .
‘ , v ‘.' .el-) 4 ' r _n .,,' I f_ _'_ '.'_ n v .' l s " I" .3 ‘
‘.': ‘1’ 0.. 4“" o ‘. l‘. -l<d& I‘: _- Cu” -. Q ‘ \ain~. xu‘l‘m-z o’- ‘Oi toot. v ~)1-‘J r‘.r"‘ "44 1‘ ‘.‘:J J.‘ '~'-- all

.—'. -' ,g ., e. , - 17?.“ I an, .?.-. ‘ . _~: ... _..; :‘: . , ‘. 0“ .-
-.». ~ .‘-J.',‘ ,le--- \..~. -...‘k -- 4 . .-‘..1.-p.!-‘ :'() ('05 le.‘l- ‘.‘-Ls'o"(.—) ..‘rl "v‘! 8..
. . . 0 .' '
' ‘\' D a _- s_-' .
.. ‘.., ...O‘ ‘.‘: .“-’ «o ‘(' ' '-"¢ '.‘:
. o . D u
-' . ‘ ‘ ‘ ‘ , ,- 'e -- so ' ~ ‘ l a y I - r I
' ‘.‘ -m‘ . ' 0-‘ I ‘.’ ‘1 .; I: ‘0"- 0“ ' ' ‘.'" "‘.’ "1 Otiu‘ ‘, ‘l:‘ ') .\~(, 0" C; --O‘ \J I“ U “ a3 -- ‘x)

'.. ..O. .I '.‘ r . .-3 0 .~ '-'. .u' . 1'. '.. ‘I 5“
~ '1» .r ... ' H: ’. . " ' E. '.’J 9*, ,1‘\.:.Ll.r..a .... m ..‘3I.-.i (.J .2! 41.1.5. — J J...
F ‘- , . . . . . , .‘-<. - .s,_.- ' P ' ' ' ' ‘.' I‘.
- ...-l '-e ' ’.’-l i ‘.‘i3.(l ~A '4 -4"..‘ (1'3 ‘0 .-a 0..- -‘-k—n .' .49... ’
.- ‘ -
ii'L ' ., O I Q. ‘. "
. ... U ‘li"1* aI
_ ’ _. . l . . r . ' I ' ..
.. . -. ._ ‘ | ‘ f. t " o. 'O, -. ,~ -a p - . - . ‘ a ‘. 'Vf' - '.. . e{ n.“. ,A
a. if ".- -.-; n ..J (_a I [Ln-'.‘d. );l (.7 Log.” ‘ ‘_ 11" nuI' a u)...!43 "s‘:.' .- Us..)gle1d 5'. ..‘-. J.’ ‘..i'l 7 In;
. ' ' . o ‘ \ . y. .- _. I ‘.‘ .
, . .a , ' ... _ _.., . ~ . ‘ '.. .7 ... .i ‘ J . . ‘ >-
‘3 -: J '_ v1uv‘n s .‘..-: u.“ \-,| ' " ‘5‘ '.‘z’al-i'nu.: ‘ ' I. ‘t t" H L.".()J. 0‘ <‘I -‘ -O- "" :“Ir~.-' ‘13" ‘. 1"“,
l a
.' " “ "r\ ‘ J ‘ ". - J ' t . ’ ' c- ts '3 .: 'l " (- . ‘ . . ' ""
. ‘ t a. .(‘4 ('.... L“ ...}...J H... vL'—..." 1.. ..i e... L.- ..,h ..H .;.--.. v... . .- .- ,,
c". .. '-‘ “w" ' ' 3‘ "" » "§ "”‘ 9":n- - :~ r‘r- t“"(—"
.‘u ‘ uue ' e ~ ‘ a- K Iv, -‘ " I-£‘—....-- ‘.‘.fi‘ (‘..\ ' -. -‘e.? b... '.I Quin-a K, u“ ‘.‘! 4' ‘n-JOJ d .d
, ‘ r g .. - ‘P ? r 3' '
r'. , u a: ‘o;' — . " -- '4 .‘1 v\' ._ . - . - " r ‘ \. - '- _.'$pa re- - 0' ‘ ‘r- ., —.~.«
In. -'--'-‘ \J -J-'..A “£:. .3 ’1'..- .0 " . '!|’O '4‘ ' I‘: ' ‘Uru .‘ ‘ ‘..: a ' l-J—L l-J '.' A ‘1’.\ 3 ’.’-{I .U J
I ‘ ‘a s

s

. —. .vus‘, .
“a. " .-a "3 E I
- '.... ‘s .- c-vo .o—

. '. ,- -~ . . .-‘
-:.,.I,~¢...;)-1.'.".'a ‘..-'1...‘ n.

H
O
‘
I
n
i
L.
9..
i .'
E‘ .
. s
r-
C
‘..
n
L)
A
"I
Us
0
F
A
‘p I
|
:~ .
‘

‘ I I’ r V
—.'J;. -3.-~...- .. -.fl .1"-'u._,.g. A.) '5'.~‘.~'..JJU G.» '.'.‘W'~.3.2‘:.‘..O ‘CCETAJH G (will! ,‘;‘.:::’;;_~3

. , . "'- " '. ' ‘ (a “ ' if .
.- 3 -l ' I1. ' 5-,u , " ' I - . - . .,'. g V-. .. . ; . , - - ,. .,
"' ...» J.LIU\ u : -...~..z- ‘...: ..‘. .E..:. :1..‘..??'. .-...,.: i=hf";.:.'.:v"!:} .‘J. J. .\'r.'
.

'. -. fir...) ;\,<‘-"!' ... ~~ "‘(i .’~' - " ...“ r.: L‘, . . '
‘ . . . \ , \ ¢ . . . . n.‘ - I. . l, ~ - -- .. -
-' -.o m ‘JJ-l-v be H". \ -' " -'- ... '.rL‘ ‘44.}. L) I “’.‘—‘.‘..O'J’V. f I .1 llJ.I. ~r ‘ L“..I(}.’)_a‘i'.s .'. ‘1'“ J ‘..: -.

'4 I
Y. :1.- " "I _ ., '.i‘. ‘ 1.4.é . I ; .. . '.'! ”J . _‘ -h [-3 3. ‘ '.‘ ' .. h .. r " ’.‘. a
a..*. ‘..L .1... ..Ju. ....-. ..-.. -.U L-JL 1-.....za ..L -." . ....y (IL) JJ,U.'),-ou '.‘ ;,1
-. ‘ '~-~‘-d‘-—. .§- fiu-l"-u- “U
" U.
l
I. - ... .' n. a "4 . .- » - I-‘ f s '3 53"“ r.’ ‘l'" ~..-s.-- : ' .‘
OJ'.' 0". e“-'..-...a . .-... .i' »: ..'.“' I_’-.‘-.I.1. '.i a J--.-“(.{--‘
“ e ...-r. - ~— e N a. e—e‘ :- -\b a- . a J‘- 1'. ha. 2 '

44

water quality within the Chippewa Lake watershed is rather
dark in color due to the organic content picked up in bogs
in the upper reaches of the drainage. Approximately 60 per
cent of the watershed is within the boundaries of the United
States Forest Service. This is fortunate for the entire
watershed, as this agency is continually striving to achieve
pollution free water. Strict enforcement of watershed
policies are their disciplining forces. However, a
pollution problem does exist since the remainder of the
watershed is in the hands of private individuals. Until
recently, little has been done to combat this situation. At
the present, the State of Wisconsin is forcing at least one
community in the area to construct a sewage treatment plant.
Also local townships are upgrading their pollution control
requirements.14
With an increasing demand on the available water
supplies for numerous and often conflicting uses - for
unnufacturing plants, for city use, for recreational
uses, for irrigation, and for wildlife - there is a
growing awareness of the value of this resource and a
concern for the continuance of an abundant supply of

good water for all uses.15

The Chippewa Lake is owned by the Northern States Power

 

14Chequamegon National Forest; "Lake Chippewa Flowage
Report"; 1907. - - - -

15Robert W. Finley; Geography 2; Wisconsin; p. 40.

 

 

 

 

4
i
d
g
?
,7

\
i
1%:

 

 

‘; 4v . 1
e , . ‘

| .
( .‘ —| ' .‘w

a - ‘ o‘-

‘n‘ v“ ‘
.‘ g V.
\ J - . s

I I»

',

.’ ‘II-'\.$...

~ (‘Q
'..a ..
:.o‘.1'..5
a! _
‘. C..-

an

AJ

_1 . . .u s . -' r‘ (v "w -
v .c e - t—- I ' :' n "J ;.I‘ ~. w- '9 1 '
s‘ . g V ' “ . . v. ,' .
'.. : 1... °.-} AJ- - “x. .k'} .5 ‘.‘ .51).! .- u — I 1’
I
1“. ( . ‘-' ’.. " . ‘ v. v I I
,‘ s, , _I v - ‘.' .-. . \J r. ‘ I . . e'.‘ .o o' u
‘0
. _ a
| - .' . ‘t ‘l . l
1.4.. ..-‘ - {,4 5.0 . .~ I e. ’i'.s A'-1'
' ‘ r
s - . '. ‘ . ~ ‘~ , ‘-. . '
3‘ J.~lJ.-.f . ‘r .9 '54 .l v! : l’a-r ‘- --{..P e $I-
’ I I l
. . , i _. . D . . ~-)
. . , v ~ _ a .
.. o. O (0"; | .l --_ 0 - .— . ‘ -5 -.,,. 'r.'._.. .5: (‘Mv‘
. .
V I. I
. . . “.~. 0 ' > . I
4 ' v . ‘4 .. 5' - . ....“ u' x I ' . . '-_ - ‘.. “
.
fl" , n. l ' I" {
y. .. 5’ '..' .-‘ .e,u.u_r.~'.‘. 4..
c ‘ ‘ t
. ' I v .
I, -. u ' .- - 4 '... ,‘ v“ e‘- , ‘)
J '.4 -4 ‘3 .3- 4’ 41.x it: .3 .l: .'l . '-."a--.'....‘a
n .1 - . . '1 . v
-- '13 u " ‘ a ' '3' I. a" -”l' .. ' ‘
-I~o-“-'l ' . ’-'. w ‘4‘ ‘ ell‘ ‘.-.. ~,el 1 9 -l - ti
_. ‘ _. - 1 _ ‘ '1 .
.~ . 7. ., - e - .r- 'v -x .
. LJ‘.‘—\.w l-'~'-t J_‘$ Cn-.1 II “ul‘il.=t.-l ‘.‘.J ~a ‘
l' . n we a
‘ - f. 4 “v n .' r-, l t‘ - , ' - . ~ . ‘-. ...
w t, ,0 .', n4 ,'.'; ’ “'1‘- .-e h" a. ' .- .”.E. caus‘(_..~..‘ ‘1.
§
',- , . "V .s '.' l . en , Q '. n ‘ "'.' u' o
‘_, ...‘o-‘l'311..‘..',t .a‘..i...l 'k‘;' .11. [‘3 .‘ I. -,‘,;q_,.,.|.'a3
. . ,r 4 a .
-‘ ' I . " "- ‘l 1 ,. ' ' l I.
,4... -\' x.) lI:’_.s. -"—’-—‘.‘ ‘ ..-‘ 'I‘-‘ .‘ .;J.‘-)' 4..
, .
a
U '- ’- Q s
“I ‘ '1‘. ~.' ['1 r 1 '. : 7“ ‘. '.‘ ' ,l l b . v.
J. Jg'lat. -....' 1).- .2. . '. y: .‘a...s out. ...v.‘
.' " a . .I l
‘.w v 4 . a s. ‘ '
- u" a...) '4'...p.-.'-~ .1... [-.r -.- {4.~ J- .; v. I.
l ' ‘
_,. e .,v'_ -, ’ ‘ I—l' .
In.‘ 1.'.'..J -0- I .. f .L a- a)... . is I" '.~' .3'. I ..‘J
i
‘ .' . ‘ 5' 3' .
‘- ‘ .‘3 ‘ u .' 1 ‘ ' l .' ‘ ' ' "
I. ‘.'-to ‘ ' --' -‘ ~v \'0~n Jh‘ An. II 35.1-. ‘- {‘3
. ' .' a . .‘
b" ’2'. " ' .I i." ', - -3 ‘ ' '3' ’ h
.'.” .1 ..~-.. ...-'J"C.~.0..‘. ‘...-.w'us . ‘1 v-'.'..-.-:'I .P
V I n l I
, . .‘ ’.‘...w ' 'l‘ ._ . ‘
I. .l.‘ (15.. ..Jl.‘.-)-. !131h_- 13.. .-.i_) . x.-

s ' . l
- . ,. , . '-.
.... ...“.ie, -’4.;~}
-
' ‘1' . >I'. . . .’.
‘|‘ ‘00) m‘.' .‘

'3. 1:1" '.‘ s

I

1‘“! .

a

,.

e

.I‘ - o «- Ala-“n

a

‘.‘)

:i-L' I... ."*I.?#' TIC .:.;; 3..
..u ..:»:-.;':'..«'.£ '.'.h'w ‘1

J - f
.' OJ!
9
.
...
p .
‘ ..‘l

.. lIJ.

’ .r
‘-‘ l u - ' g ‘ ‘ ‘l’ . .' . I‘
V . ‘u'eJl \J “’V .‘1 e.‘ e ‘4 ad 4.5- 4 .,s
4 .I I ' ‘I .‘ . .'-_ Q .3- g
.' .o ;. ' a 45; ~‘k; v ‘lqg-éb",-l ‘.'

_, . ' '
‘.‘ .IJ .‘ .1_.. 4

r :‘1'
‘-'-u.‘l rJ:

2130.1) ‘.';- 5.3

. s
\ -" ~ ~-,,',
A‘laSJJ..J - '...

r a '. .- . .. gt. -_ .
‘01- ' - O .ufi’.‘ ‘u‘ “Qt—J ( ‘-"jzuh‘l 0'.
I u ._ -'..,‘l . . ‘ .' q, T -a'
' . .6. a.) ”I I ._ I .e.‘ ‘3‘..'.-L— -.

e : , e

. (sup;- ;_,_,.,.g;(,._;‘,

. .'_. .3 , -.-- ‘... ‘..... ..f .. , .
--() ~‘J.;J“eJ .c:l.'.J ‘el'e ;l. ‘o<:‘

"’.‘”, "es-"l 4", -- . : ‘ Ir" -
. ' ‘.~ ..‘. o . , 1 ’ ‘ .. .
. s - .. ‘ .. .
1p ., A h .3 g N3 -0- a. -a t to

' v-

. I

.6 ‘.‘. 91"._-..,- - a- .
.Gae'L3-.'.u',¢-i—'.

. . . .

.. .‘ ,. ... ,’.,". . l" _.‘,

‘....) .'. I-s 11L] .L- "'4 . . . if. ‘.’ 0;.4 .f.
..

:J- ‘5 J. .4. ' -

'10.}. {"i

O s s a.

| ‘_. ‘-. p '.. '4'
h J ‘b-u‘t- ’3‘. al-

”Iv—v". -. 5; J {1

.. V. '-.
\'a ‘u-J in ..l 0" f.) .1 so

'.:.‘ U T...

| ‘ .- J
I .- “_.. ‘2'- . -
.‘..'..‘l ...!J.‘ ..‘_'~vl-. I 1.0 ‘1‘
C ’ .

.~
‘.. ., '. I. '
go J. J «a .1! ‘

It.

s , u- , .-\ ,_ n . .-
{IL-J. Ian..- -..-' .v.- 3.”.("w>..

L: .' 5.1.4:)

{3.4.1. I';(:-‘ £.\v4

1
I s, .' a
. ' -
I ' 4
c ~ ‘ an

. I
(I): “5;...111'1. 1-If.’ “

‘.‘v‘f no
a'v',.-~a.-
. ...‘
.loi‘

-.. 0. rec-4M1 Q-O-O'. ‘.---...”-.IHMO

1.1.3 ‘12:. 1.317;)..«1'4;

'. .r .
w\!J..‘. ; q

'4
. . , . cue»... - ‘. —
( i:I--‘J.... . .. .’ J.’.‘(|‘v-".

 

45

Company of Wisconsin. It is Operated as a reservoir for
flood control and low flow augmentation during the summer
‘Ionths. The Public Service Commission of Wisconsin has
stipulated that the usable water would be taken between the
elevations of 1287.0 and 1313.0 feet. This provides for a
‘maxinun drawdown of 26 feet and a drawing capacity of 10,000
'million cubic feet of water. Present company policies state that
drawdown begins annually around the 15th of October, and to
be completed by the 15th of February. The expected spring
runoff actually sets the drawdown. However, the minimum
drawdown has been 11 feet with the maximum.being 19 feet.
Present procedures are to have the water up to the 1312 feet
elevation by the 15th of May.16 During the summer months
there isha l to 3 foot drawdown, as minimum flows are

maintained.17

Chippewa Lake is considered to be one of the most important
fishing waters in Wisconsin. While it is world renowned

for its muskie fishing, it also provides outstanding walleyes
and panfish for the avid Midwest anglers. The Northern

States Power Company has taken the necessary precaution to

 

1

16Chequamegon National Forest; "Lake Chippewa Flowage
Report"; 19670 " ‘

17Department of Natural Resources; "Public Recreation
on the Big Chip"; 1968; p. 3.

 

7‘1‘” .u. a
_t

 

.. F'T-m a
’ L

L_.

 

' 11.134.333-

.‘_.—Lf

‘.'—r- ,-..
A

.34.; .1! a. r;;gtm.i_

 

7. ‘_‘1’ "

 

 

 

1‘4“

:5:

‘ ' a..

.y

 

a- ,
‘ i , ‘ I '1 l - a V
a . w l ‘ -o v - . 0' . -’ ’ ‘ ‘ ' x
. €,_. _ _ I:.'-' c. .o‘ . o '.‘ '..! A . 4-‘ ‘.... ..L Q‘ -4 “S r.,_ -Cl ‘.‘-‘4’ ' ”
. - v ' .... .7, r.~.-' ! n ('l‘ . »" '.‘ ’ ‘ ~'-‘ '.‘-Oi -‘Il‘ I ‘ . r"
. f. . ‘- -‘,',.:J‘I.' 1 \ .. -,t‘l.:I'-'i' _...) - [.-L-‘ ."-. .‘Aahl c s ... I I-) w ..1. ....
- o- -- - v‘ ‘ .. . _i'v , ‘- . ' - ‘1 4‘ 7 v- ' \r‘ 4' ~ f:0 ' J ‘ " ,‘ '.‘ '
'_. ‘.‘ . 6J-_.Ia| -l\ _.‘..r.. .....0’ .‘n -. ~\'¢.?. . I. 1 1-.-. - t. ~-’—u.‘- ‘ a ' .‘a . ‘.cl‘Jev‘
, . I ' . . . r I ,0 n _ - . '5' ., ' .‘
... 7 1.. , ’ p ._ 3‘ -_ ' . _ . .1: - \ v. ', a - . . . . . . ‘ t
L.‘.3 .',- ‘ _.. 4.4 . ' La. ...; '.. ‘.‘ ' ‘n_.',-\. ., .t‘3-J p : .).1.L new. «..-: .anJ l_- ..,,}.j,‘ . - w
a! . . ‘ . \ O ‘ ' )-
., ~ - ~« - ' -: . \ . f n u -:.L ' . ~ :~.
...0 ..47. ~. -4 - ‘4‘.‘-.‘ n- .. o---'-.- «-.-..'.x... --. .0 ‘a. sup. -3" i i O.’-~ ' ' .
‘ ' . ‘.. -e '
. t . . - .§ ‘. . .- ._ ' . 'y \u I - _ ‘- ‘. - ,‘ . ' -.- s. - n I as:
't 4‘ c ’... . i- ‘ H.’ .,,;l- 13- t,t‘_.. ’5 ' 4. .. . | _.. -1. 9- .. -." I _.I .,, ' —'.., ( ‘.." .‘,_ ,;-..
' ' “ ua‘ v . » ' . a o -' ‘ . , . .’ . . c ‘ .. . ‘ v ' p r I v .V .
-..";u—a‘ s! -- -'~o ‘.a x... '. . " . ‘ ’ ' . 4' ~’ ~ -' I"‘"" . 4‘ .‘mx - I} ll.“ 4.“ '-’a.- "’0. : 'p‘.a.--t.c
'. n
. ,_ .. . . .
' '. u 5 ' I ‘ ' ' " q" ’ ' 0 ’ ' | "4 '.‘ ' ‘. ‘ lb. '- ' 3' I (‘.. ‘ u
\ -- L .. C , . «fag. ... ... a. n ..J. . 1.,...) Y'l.J)U.~Lz ';.f.i-'-l.an‘..f.) (.14, ‘ " -. H .\:J .‘.;. J.-
l — O: t- . " . ' _. r F
' ‘ _,‘ "~ ' 4 ‘7'" 4" " . ’ ’.' § "- " ' ', '.' .‘r
6 Ln ‘ ' l . . . I y I - - .l. . ' - . jJ .... I .. a... a 4 l .0 -‘- J. 4‘ ‘ll ‘ 'J ’ l ‘ .’ ' . ..- \ - x ‘ ,
. .- ~a ’
' .' '.'".I ' ‘0, '.‘ l . | I 'I ‘ ‘ ‘.. 'I ‘- '3 fl 1‘ “ I "a ’. I . (\ Y4
. J a - ' -.’" J t .L~" ‘/ 4. g, .L s J a‘J—M J a... i'n—o ‘.aql ‘. .... n- l-‘D .I \ - . _ 1‘. -
C
- 4 - z _- ." ‘. .,, ‘ (’..: L T": _. ’.'." i— E- ‘ .1 ,3,‘ I ~". .¢.- ...
.5]. I w e. v. ' Lao - 3 - -.-.' - . .0 - ... J U.- .. u-A --o-a .,,... la-' -" Lil—4 f ‘0'! A 0‘ - ‘
' . . l ‘ - 4 ‘ 'I v . y _. ’ v “I _ v: n ‘ I . (c o - . k . , a , . -5 .. '3. u .7 . ‘
w} r . ‘.-‘i l ‘3 i. M '1‘ . ‘..! OJ} I.‘ 0's‘ ) r3! (“'.’ ‘.- .-‘-U (“-4' .\;J- ‘ ...]... $‘.: .5 IJoJ‘ e v,
0
I . ‘ ‘ ‘ ‘I L 'n _ ‘ e. - ' V. 1 a . I .-
. ', . . ' c ‘.’ _.. . . _ - . 'e- f“ a. ,. . . , -1 ‘ ,
(_...L‘: .i'.'. L . '. J J. I... :. e' .4 - ... --. . ‘ a ‘. .-.0 il-’ ‘..l, - "J.‘ 3 (‘ : (Jun-Lu- ’1‘ .’-’- ’
a \-
o .l_ l ,1 I i ‘0' ‘ ‘f ' E' a“ . .( ~ fflhf - $ 1 a .: ' {a v ’ 3". . '> .‘
..J l 's.. ' _-.-- J: ..l 54,... .1.." 5-4| I ( a ’. ," s n.- . ‘t a -4 , (JJ .1 " l..- ..t -° I a -
~— ,.
‘ 3
‘0'. :_ .‘ U E. _a ' ‘ q
.0. -1.J- '44..l--¢..
\ .‘ ' . . ’ . , . ' t I I .
- .".~ . ‘ .-- ., _‘ ~ - i. . , , ‘... 'n | l ‘ . ... . . (‘4. '. ,. ‘
u-‘.«.J—o ‘.‘Vh- & -. ~' ’.-1.£.- .' ‘1‘: .44 'i.‘(.‘ -a’“ t J i -). 3!..- ‘41:. ' u' ‘. . :’.‘. ’ 5" .2 .' ( uh ‘ 4 -.
' . . W a :u p or r I Q . ‘ fl 0 , ,,
. . p‘ A ‘ f. ' ‘ V ' ‘ 'r.:,,' vi I , .4 ‘.. ' i . > a ~ .' .-‘ ., ‘ v ' -a' ' w -‘ . v"! r '
-.o- - t 1' . -’ ~ In -' J- ' '... o' \u hi 'II-(- J J.- - .' ‘.’. ".43... a . ..lul. 5‘ {—‘o 'x' ‘5 ... I) .35 \c ax.’ -J 1b}.: T ’54—“ n - Is“.- -'
. ‘ s' ‘ " - u _ l " ‘ ’ ‘ _..: ~ ' a r . . -
‘ ‘ . _ ‘ . . i ' ‘ . . . ‘ ~ . '-'_ . _ V ‘ ‘ v f I ‘ v _ a, ~ " p . . . ' -- - - ... "y r. u . ', - ‘ . ‘.
La ' (‘.‘j—htr‘ ‘ lljul‘v “‘51"J‘ls" gri- 4.} ' 0..- V ‘... J ' ' (J'Jh'h IJ “J ‘ ' ‘il-uz- -;.- -3- L} n? 11‘. ’.‘-.5 ' Ind—i CA -
. . .. ( . _.. ,. -~ ; ~ .. ., .. ,. ,»--~ .. '.j A ~:"- . .. .. _.
”new .a - . .. I.-‘. o!» -. .....‘.:.1 mt”; n-.. 5-- IL: gun.» ..t'.- Lng misfit) Li‘s}
" r r -- 7 'h - o .‘A. o —-. ,o. , a-s — .A v 4 i , . . .' _ . _a. _- -
. Q '. n A. , . - -’ a' ‘ . . 0 . '1'" - V . n .,I . ' 3 s . _.k ' . .V y.
‘ -l - - e> - ' . ‘ ~. , -' I A . .. a. I.) ‘ ~ I ‘J.’ \ - . .' .,s‘ ..a-,_, ..l as... u ‘ , I ,C ‘_ ‘y' I . \_ ' _ i. ‘.‘ . (‘.‘. 9 ‘ 2‘ _.l ‘
. 5 _
w-~o Oh. ~--‘.-.o'- ’.‘ no ‘...—.-.- .- . - - a ‘-
. “b '.’ ' ' It -.. 3‘ . I} l ’.‘; r
. . t . ' ~‘ ‘ > ' _ “' -. .‘e o .0 - ~ _-
' ' C ' ' 'I '. v ‘. " O t - (I! ‘J-’ -~‘ ' -‘- J-nl‘ ‘-.-! 3 .8 out. :‘dvIv44‘. ‘."‘
I. " ' l" ' f t
. \ ‘.I' ‘- Jt : ‘1 -. '4. 4 '
I.
' ' ' a 0 I." I x \ in“ o" ’ l ’ I \ 4
' . . . r 0 t - . '1. ~ . - - . n . . ~‘.
"“ v ‘1' I” ' ‘ "- -u‘ " . ".s 1 '9- -I‘ O '- J..a.-!!| .-::,. . :4 .4 Is": -I .' . '1'.
4. .‘ . D r ' ’
‘ '.‘. u ' .' ‘ . '.. . ., ~
--\ I, . D ’
. L4 . J. ‘ ’ --o~e ‘ ~'—- 4 ' ‘an L wit-v, I -

46

channelize the potential "pockets" and although there may
be a few fish trapped, the Operation has obviously maintained

a good fishery.

The Northern States Power Company controls approximately 75 per
cent of the exterior shoreline, and 90 per cent of the 120
islands. The majority of this shoreline is undeveloped forested
land of aspen and hardwoods.
Wild shorelines provide the most productive littoral
zone where plants, insects, fish and animalisinter-
mingle in a relatively undisturbed habitat.
Sediment deposition in the lake will not be a problem.as
long as the watershed remains forested and under good land
'management practices. There is bank erosion, caused by wave
action and water fluctuation, along most of the shoreline.
This has resulted in many miles of sand and gravel beaches.
Control of this erosion is only necessary to protect

developed sites, and does not pose a threat to the life of

the lake.19

This large body of water is a haven for water orientated
sports. Although activities such as boating, fishing, and

bathing are not conducive to one another, the lake offers

 

BChaquamegon National Forest; "Lake Chippewa Flowage
Report"; 1967. ~ ' -

lglbid;

 

 

 

 

‘tii

. . . _ . I- . " .. _. '-a ‘ I r ’.. V
. u I -~ ‘ , 'V n I '3 '. . ' p l "-_' .‘ -' . .. . . _. , .
. ... ..J .2 ' "Jl ..'.‘~.'. 3 Ill}: 7'. .:» a). 13.. .L.,o-.- .. .“u. ..H‘.‘ .'~. :.~..JH.....».. ..'
. v ‘ I ' .\ ' - o
‘ s r. a. y - x. ‘ r- . "“ t“ . \- -' a ‘-
.' ...“ 1-:1.-..ox\ ‘.-'.au. IM‘U .-.-.. “‘....waJ' {I ’---' g" ' "-v’ raga. -‘. " "~-
A. .
§
0 ‘. 0,: I ~ ‘ "I
9 L‘ ' "L. -' i ,‘ ,3
- - ‘. ..‘. ‘ 1 a ' _ . . n n ' a. . r. '.' q... ‘3 ‘\ '.'
- ,‘a .. .--' .. i'u."' .- s...‘..'--‘sl.!‘.u“ _" is. a k k. .i ).'...,'. 1'...'—a£)-: . Lu-.. ‘a.'..‘ .. .. -
a c
. _ a .. -, : .;.. s . - j a
..I .-. I ‘.. ‘3 (I: 1' I.» 'u n ‘ A ‘ c ‘.‘ h'- ‘ ‘ n““ld ‘.'-‘..} - u ‘-3 a."-‘- o ‘.. -~ ‘- ' c‘
\
i v - ‘A , . . r ' " n ‘ ' .- . ' A ‘ J 1" ‘ _’ :.' . " _ ._I. ' . '.'"! '-
F l ’qcc',’ '-‘ ..’- W .1 l. . u ' 31-.‘ (..-. .J‘.J..‘_.'.‘ .3‘2 ' x; \,..lsJ -1; ', ”‘-...KI w.” - ‘ .\ Qt.) 44'..i.'..-‘.
. a
3
§
'
:~ ,: -: .. . ,- 1 . ,
,3; on t“. .. via Llama 1.. a a. ..(- ll-Ix-n
'i
a.
I ‘ -‘ ‘ . . - . .a a v
’2 - _ .2. I ." o _ ‘ . ‘1 k u -a u . ‘. ,‘- - - - I.
E: ... ' -’- in... ‘ o J. 1 -1 n. ‘- ' - - ' ‘ 4' ‘ H U l. 1‘ ' t, s‘ \t ' ' s. (.0. 5‘ ‘.‘ A‘ -—‘..L ‘ a.‘ 1- a L! J- G: ‘
1
' ""’ O "l . r. a . ~ . -_ ‘ . . I“ -' . I.s . o ... n. . - . .
‘ _.- 3.. AA.‘ . ...). , :. '5 a Ii a-‘..,. - ‘CII->.II ”('-I. anJ-‘a'..s.‘.'\ ‘.‘- In. I ‘f|( :5
‘ I . I ‘ U 'r I . ‘ . U I
-‘u ‘ . ' ‘ . ,a ' . ' . 0 -“ .5 . 5 n ' I a
q . fi. ' ‘4.— s \- ‘. v. . I. I ‘ A . {'1‘ in! ' I ' ' i'ra- "‘-‘. I \I as ea .lv- 0 ' pk I; I: a . L, ..an . ‘01- I
‘ -'
I‘ ’2‘ ' . I 3' 1 ~. ‘ ‘ I I ~ A ‘ ‘ D _..
o , . - ' ,~ -- . ' . "a ’i " .. . ' ., ... 1M. 'w o-T ‘
‘,~A .' .. ‘,.\\.5.'.'.‘ I! -\a 41,44 .-.,‘.. '.‘; ...’.I.o .5. ...l'IJ “J. i‘ciJ .1; OJ ~ _..1 x"0“.l"~ J."«- k
.. 3‘ . ‘p ‘ . r‘ .v ' A. : . -' ‘ .-«~ .0 '.' - t f. .‘. . .. 1.. I ‘y‘s .\ : _. s.) ' ,. - . -. r
'_.‘_..‘. Judi '..J . . '.'.KH .' \ lJ‘a i'l.‘.- ‘..-’.‘L’-lu '.1..‘-.'.J.'L-‘ai -K l-‘v‘h/h-o IJJI..1 :JI-‘J kl" ‘,('\.a~n
‘ w 1‘ ' ‘ ‘.'. '. ‘11'Is I ‘ '4" ' ' ‘.‘-' ‘(T . 3 ,. a. .' ‘ ‘ 'ta" ' '."“"‘ - ’. ' \' 1‘ “ .
v r:./ . ‘-' \.' U“ 5“- (‘J\:....¢‘I '.' ’.“" '.‘IJI-i ‘.'pi- I: -|-’Io‘i . ‘.l- 'sfi.’ s’\ .I'r.- 3!“. ," '.‘ ' ‘>"'.-
‘v .1

r

J ' ‘ .' ‘
\ . a - ' ' ' no .f ",‘. ;; --. ‘_ _ a. ‘ , "" v‘ s ', ‘.‘ "' g ' -. . '1._ Q
1 .i" '."~' ’ "‘ L-‘t‘ '. 4“] " ‘I J“\;‘ ""‘~‘v--’. ‘iil‘c!-ja:~,si~‘qu\u .J "-0 "I“, ‘.. {AB ‘dk'J‘Q‘ .v.?:'

a j t ' ‘
.' , " ' -:‘...- ". ' ' -‘ ' ' .-l' I - r-s " P' ~ ... * ‘- -""' '.‘ ‘ '-'- ‘.‘ ' "
at; ‘.--.«.‘ \‘.- --v' '. ,_ . 8.4-! ‘."&£‘-.. . (.- m 3.2.- a- 1 {1563.4 4-..; $.~.'.. J. k, .0 :- hi'..- ¢.J..C.'.

'." ' o ‘ I ' \f~ _., " "’ -. u .‘ .' ,l.. .‘ . . ‘I ' 7 , .‘c-" y..-
.g’ffi. ‘. l_)-.2.‘ (1.) " _,.--t’.r. ,'/.i.f.1 “'-‘.LU ‘.'.a. LI), «.1 .. 3 t‘..' l. ‘ -Lli .[UJJIJC'LJ

I ‘ ' .. . - ' - ' , ‘ , . , r. _.. ..
. x' . '.‘ . .-. » . 1.! (_KJ .4 . :.. .si .s' .1 ‘.'} we.“ -' U25 L» U L: Li; 5~ ‘ ,_-..'4 J
J

C
n"

‘..‘ .V',‘.l2v «A ’ ‘J‘-.) 0'

V
‘ L

I ._- I‘ '
v ' a" 'u
. ;.‘¢.- :-._1'. ...“ at
- .-' . "&_o. u “s '50. . U t «_v '1- ' "' 5““,‘0 I ' ‘ , 4 ' I 'a: '
. a I u' 's- o_\: -1. J-‘a‘ n..- '- "’...: Q! ~ .11.. :—i I \. . '.' ' }‘ \l-r’. - KI" .0 ‘:‘-‘. - \l (t ‘.l“ ‘g‘1 ’.‘ ”3'“ ’.Q0 1... a

’ ‘3‘ -' I I 'w ‘ r '.‘: e‘ “ "v\ lf‘.r’v‘ ’ "";("‘"If.t, ‘ -, an! ‘--'--‘ ' -\a 1
.. Ll.) t,’_:'.. ....u... ‘.‘..‘a... :1.) 1 u!) ‘......74. \‘..).'~..‘.LV-‘.J.J1) .nl‘ ..I 1 .. ..z-J-.U\ ..

, , .
‘ , - . . , - .,, c. U a :1 ,.‘ a- .o . a > . , - v , '
'..: J. V -‘ ..(J -.‘J~ Jr! :a‘LJJ ‘ -'. ‘1 .d 2'11}! t."}.;¢.~' ‘..) :1 ('-‘ :.f."-.‘1.4(l:} - ‘-’!‘I I) . :0 {J ' ‘..y' x )n-

'0‘ --““C.‘- "- -*----.'--'-“-'O

r. ‘ i . » o a '
. ,., .. . .. , .nv ..-- o , - .'.. ' . - ’ I
I, . Va"- 3’ . “‘.‘ s . . _‘s‘ l , ~_ 1 \r ‘.‘ . ‘..L
1‘,."" a w. .. .J.. 0‘. t”.._.}.t. ».4-.}r‘o.. (‘1... at» .‘ .‘..'}.( .‘.-.o.7-.n ‘.'{x‘ '- - rl"'f-' 1‘.|--k~'
OF.
4' "c ‘ ‘. .\’|l. .
a s I .L \‘-J’- '
t O
.' s-
\ a
O ‘-.}
s.. ‘..» ‘ ‘°

 

 

47

facilities for each activity because of its size and shape.

The shape of an impoundment site will determine
boating activities. Sail boating requires a relatively
large open space and a water surface unprotected from
winds. Motor boating and water skiing are difficult

to execute on narrow water bodies such as rivers,
whereas, a large rounded one facilitates boating
activities.

Water quality and its maintenance should be enforced
to prevent pollution and ensure that no limitations

be igBosed on those seeking water recreational activit-
ies. ‘

Soils

Wisconsin soils are characterized by great variability

 

because of the following factors:

1. The irregularity in parent material introduced i
by variation in type of bedrock and added to by ‘
glacial deposition--marginal moraine, ground 3
moraine, outwash, glaciolacustrine deposits-~and @
by wind-deposited materials.

'4‘ INA

3" ‘.‘...

El.

7—

2. Difference in the age of the glacial deposits--
old drift, young drift.

3. Dnglaciated areas.‘

9 In... ‘...... _o

4. Irregular topography as in the Western Upland.

 

5. Variation in vegetation.21

Parent material in the Northern Highland Physiographic

 

province is glacial till. As a result of the Young Drift,

_—_A

20Milstein and Reid; Michigan Outdoor Recreation Demand
Study; Volume II Activities Re orts; Michigan Department of
Conservation; Technical Report No. 6, June 1966; p. 5.- 33.

21Robert W. Finley; Geography'gg Wisconsin; p. 76.

 

3:3;

.u

0

_.mm '-ain. ‘-- '3'...—

 

 

. v f‘
._' u _o O .-
.
(a-
. -' , ' I
.’ .‘. .i.~- .... -
v .
4‘ '1 . u’ ‘ l_,. y
-' '-‘ t
. '.
a. I I... - ....
.. ,
c "’
..-. -
- I
. .‘
.'.. u. '
.
' a
-...i. - iv a
' --_ _-. '
' ' ..-. ‘.‘ '-.-....
. .
.' . -' 5‘ '.' a’
’_J_ 5‘. ... _' I -. .I‘L.
.
‘.
‘, ~4-u- -a(
. ‘..... .I
o.' '..“ .1.
V .
o .~‘ . O- .s
u . ’
I . .,I .
. ..
- l
u. ..J-l‘ J.
. .
,_ .. _
- I nu.- .
. ' \I .‘g.’
.
' . .. 7'
‘.'..- -’.\.’
. r.
r‘.
.o.. I', l;
.
,‘ . _ .v
... . I t.
‘ o
.. . .
. K .1.
(Us . . I...)
0!
.
'.. , ..
.. --1 . . -
‘ n . _ - . -.. ‘ C
" r " c
. '. \ J .‘ .. . {'.‘

V

. ’ . ’ ' - ‘ U
_. . ,r‘ .1,--. . - . . -- ’ _ '1',
. .. ..., v..a-‘. .‘ A.‘ 1., - . : ',_.‘ - v ...-' ~a ' . .. I ~"- -- ' -'-- r —'- - -*~
' ' .' I a I
. :f - u -‘ . ‘ . 9 ~ ,3
§¢ ‘... J.-.-. ' en. ‘1 s‘ i. . fill-J“. .. .’ ' I" "I "‘ " ‘ ' ' "'
‘ a ’ I . - . ’4 -‘ ' "
. , 0 . '. .n'. O I I_‘ “ _ ' '
U. .r\.. I .‘- A-.‘..v .' ... .‘. " . N: o n‘. ‘1' d.-“ P. ‘.' a .0 '.‘ .1
. . - - . ~, I ‘ . a y r . 'l _" ;‘ t , -"‘ ‘
: _"f-‘. .‘ . I.» ....)‘t- ...-'..O I o- I.’ - - -£ 0.. ' -' . ,--"-o
v o
u .. ‘ a: '.’ ‘ g r-u r . .. ' . Iv ,Y
.1.“ III, . 0 'l .5 I,‘ l ' § ‘.'1’ 'oin'"-I.|" ’ ‘ "‘ ‘.‘ . "I"“." '.‘
' - . . -\ ,. . .i
u ‘ I, . - ' .'r'-‘ ’ - lv’f ’ a ‘I ‘, .
.l "12' . ._ -‘ ~" .. -J '.l . ‘.‘/...v'a.‘ ‘.’\. .’ ' x.' / ‘...
n ' .
‘ f v.‘ . u o ’ ' ... . .u‘v . ‘
‘ -: ‘."-’- ...' T'-‘ '..l ...! If'2L’n. :.' , .'l (3. '. _ 3.. .'
c —K . . “ h
.‘.r’..\.t- V--Jd.§
. o , I . ‘
<’. D ‘ , , cu ~" r. .- - -' 1; -‘ I ' In I ' a ‘ , , ‘, r.-
' - ‘3.--|-‘ ‘- a, ”‘1 'lJv ..a'c — hfi‘ ' and. -' Jul ”s- an.-. -b ‘ ' ---l ."
a. I . . - . .y
. . I ' ' I
- . '.': ..l ‘.c .~ ... “.5.‘ .‘ 11‘]. J a- I_' .- - -.u- H. V. ‘4- ' '-' (J
I
l . I
:‘ w ‘ ‘ ' 'a' ' . ‘ , I ' . ~. . .
‘}. ‘11:; ." 2- -\ s. 3.. ‘ I"- -4 r '.c \a(.'- .s Lu“ { "J‘H I ‘4 (3
\
.0'5.
.1. ‘.
r o
' ll
Q-s— '
. .1 . '
. . i .
-g 'V _. _. , .1 . - ,f‘” ’. , . . '. a ‘. . . . . .
o -‘-.r' s} " '—-k . .' .-' u -l . t ‘ -.‘»'-’- -" ‘.‘--. ‘a~'~- ( b.- ‘-. ..la" ‘."a.‘
a - -»- Y' I' ' ' I r u - I. ,.
..«‘.-.r.-...t~.. J: uni..- J...- J inzfmu
.
. . ’ . O . . v
a u a ' _~‘I ‘7 , ‘ ' o; ,. ‘ " lo I ' " ‘ .'[ K
31- .. '- o- s‘ ~" 9J'-‘- ...} ' £‘g'.. VLJ... -.OJ.. ’ ‘ ..-). ~34 .L ..
l ‘ - u I _‘
-' I 1‘ “ \ .’ " t: ~ -- -' ' ' .‘.‘ " "L.’ I"
['.' Ail.) I. ".. _-‘l n L, -J." 3 9.: |-“'. 0’. .a- .I . ‘| ‘1
.a h H
l ' I . . h . Q ~ .
. ' ? . . '7 r ', .v « - ‘.. I" . . .-- ..
' ~‘lju'.-I-I-\.a' ‘ ‘- "\;'-— ‘ ‘.'oi‘ ' --"('.~ «.:¢ "0' ‘.:I I d. 'o ‘I 3.3.8!)
. ' » x“ ’ ': |r o , .— . '.‘ I- ‘ I. ‘\ " . .I a, I -.¢~',a.‘-
LC .. J . |'-‘- . .v\ .2.I.. Luv. .‘a--‘ ..s b...o-"(l -.l-..'.o..~.."-
‘ ~ I Q ‘
n - ' ' f
~’ '1‘: . ' . r '_ -- . ' ‘ .
. ’Ju'. ‘.’.“ gal-I ‘ufl. IO~ ' . c’.’. b... | - ’.‘: -1’ ‘.’I\I I ‘-‘
9
v f‘ \- . f. 5 -;-Q. ' ,' . r‘ .I j. I .‘..r‘."76"‘.' - ' ..,- 1.
. .. '-‘.»dJ.-‘-.‘ ' ‘1‘.J -.‘J "_ 0 -“Ju .‘c... gin. .L ’...-‘-' —'- ~' ....
' v i .0 o
r. I ' 1.. ,. ‘.. uo- o . .‘
. ~o cl .l _\. ' \s“I-". 1‘ ‘ DJ .A-‘. a: ‘ ‘4‘. .J
I - ... ., .. A ,_.' ,1, .,, f‘ , I _‘
. ’ tf- --“ 0 ‘3 .J-u '.-... In‘ . \‘a
I -' I , - —- r,> v" -2 o .‘a . . 'u . - .
V , . r .
‘0 -- J’A ' “ m.‘ ‘.I £11-. '0-4 .-I - s-l —- \' "ud " '--Js' ' .J A...’. . o
b J L
; ‘.. ‘ .
‘.p- ’ ---fi-a rv v ‘ .~.‘ U. ~ r- "
' . ‘ I ' .
.!1‘,’..-JLJ.‘..3\. . a n... ’.‘ . _,..,. ..¢-I . .L,
. . ' r ‘ ~ ‘ ' ‘- ‘ 9 . an
‘.. ’ “.' , I _0“r[ '.“'"' , " .' I_ I h "' " 'I. '1 -~ ‘ I
‘.)o \4 ‘....I ' "' .2.d 5 C II A“ -.. "a-al ." 0| . aft-J In-‘ ’.'-,1. -.. .. lit a] a1.) .~
‘. . -t .1 Z _ . . . . , .'- ' f - " ‘ ' .. A‘ ’ . 9. .
- -' . . ~. . - . r' ‘ .. . - ~' ‘
J— «ll's’ o-" ‘1 -.J-:'~ .‘ {I ‘I ...“ .5...) AL.’— '- Ll-.." “.4a 3.:L'..V‘.l-
. on...“ ‘.’-.--- ‘-~O-c o>n"--.~ on‘ 0
3.‘
. ‘ u v D » I ' ' v ' g’
- . ' ' - ‘1‘. '.' - .. . - ' . - .. - - - ..
...A -1" ..-.. -, u:., - ... - (4....1 -. L".‘.J «....1-u,.-......
. Ion.-. ...-u .. u «I ... .- J . '..-ac Or.
I’ . . . - D. ‘- ‘-
_ '. O o - .- I“ - .~ ; . v p o. ' '-
“ ‘|I~ . ' I I - k ‘ I {an , ..,,: ., J‘n J ,1. '3, 4"1‘1 I] ‘ . "-
- o.o~- 04-. .. o r- -... . m~o.- -... . 'Q -..-g n - . -.- .. ‘-‘. - o
v I. “ I . .’ l I
.-.l u ,‘ . I I ' y - ‘.' v,~ I .- O - . a 3‘ _
L"- -J. l..-‘- '4! c -' .‘ . v‘ -.tli.: ,. ‘ '.' J-‘o“‘-“’ ~ ( IJ‘ .‘ —- I." ’ ‘§“ i
U D ’ '. ' . ... . .
. r ' I ' ' ' - . v u . . .
_-.. l" ~ .-- .». - -- ‘ (‘ "’ ("".1$--'.a o ‘. Ju.” ' .
- u v a .- c u.. ---0 #5-". ~O“v fl -"--'0~ c-u \

43

65 to 70 per cent of the materials are from the underlying
igneous rock, and 30 to 35 per cent from metamorphic and
sedimentary rock.22 There is considerable variation in the
soil, but it is generally coarse textured because of the
granite, gneiss and schist weathering. There may be ground
moraine, end moraine, glaciofluvial, or glaciolacustrine._
Along the southern boundary of the Northern Highland, many
of the subsoils are poorly drained with surfaces being level
to gently undulating. These features resulting from the
Old Drift. Figure X shows the major soils in the Northern

Highland Physiographic Province.

With Chippewa Lake being located in the southwestern corner
of the Chippewa River watersheds, it is necessary for the
water from the upper portions of these watersheds to travel
over and through the land before it reaches the Lake. Because
of this, the soils have a significant effect on the quality of
water that enters the Lake.

There is a great diversity in soils, from coarse sands

to fine clays, from wet to dry, from level to steep

topography, from low to high organic matter content,

from thin to thick coverings over bedrock, from high

to low content of plant nutrients. Man has learned

through years of experience ‘hQS certain soils will
react differently than others.

 

221b1d; p. 76.

23Dept. of City Planning and Landscape Architecture;
'Regional Landscape Planning; University of Illinois; p. 43.

 

‘til

 

us.- 1.

'..a

'3']?-

 

 

.
Q
U
, ~
.1,
.
t
. ‘.
- u
a;
I
.a
‘-a
v I
‘.
‘.‘
> 7
n m‘.

 

_- J
v 1'
. _ \
.
I II ‘
I s
.t . _ I .."
_. 71'?
.K -.
' . . ‘ ,
\_ L”...
C
l .
. , ‘. _.1
\
. .
. "
2 -' - \-
.‘ L ‘
IIsIo - o.) '»I.‘
I. .V
' ‘ _.. u. 0. a
‘I’ 3 I w
~v . {'.s " -
\-
a II n. n
-....J ‘... «..LJ
I II
Q Is 4
..v V. ‘ r'a ‘
U
:5. '. .Is ‘1 L'
I ‘.'.c .
: '..-LlIl‘_ ~.'
I. .O'n ‘
. .
I. ‘.‘. ‘.ab‘ .
X ‘ . o .
. .
l - V'..'\Js’ .‘.-,
.. .
, I I
. 2... , J .
" ' ' I’~.- . :'
).-. _' j,_ a. ‘
.
I . _4 ‘
. .- : .i-...‘vI’¢
. I .L‘ .,r '
- >’1-I' a-.- . .
U
,. . ._ , _. v
Q ' ... ‘-‘-...

.‘I
~.
')

.-

4

.
.
aa‘

.
L'.
, .1
~:- I'
t .J
n . .
.l_ .' .‘
.
- I
.. 1 a
.~
' ‘\
.0 _
I Q- _L
u
.... .
‘.‘. .
' ‘\
. ..-

.1‘
’ .4
. 'I '
A , _
I.
§

._ .
K" .-'.
s
. . ‘.' ‘.
. Q
T I
q‘...-I
' C
_K ..Ia -’
a:

.1 I_‘
I II )
.rl...l 4i
. . .\ '.-
l u
I‘. -a s .-

I’ ml nI.' I

s
a ‘ « ,
‘ ‘
,
n.
O
.
'a
. I 1“ I.
.
d v
I
.‘s_. , '.v- ..

.
._1 '
‘\
I l
_.L
I
.
- 'a-.
. .
1- .
n’ -r
' '..
I
1!.
‘5‘ I a.
V
n.
.l.’
. »
DI.
.' — t
t
. e
. a
\ .’
. .-
- a
, - .
_v‘l
"4
-l-‘s
S

U

, I.
a...‘ ..
K I

-3. ‘.‘

...
v
.-
‘.
.i

.
Y
’ .
‘
' —
(I '| f
I — I
I
. CI
.3. , a

l
11
-.‘4 -I
\L
.,
.-..
Ia‘II'
Sn-io I‘
_‘n
‘0‘ I"
n

"v i‘l
'I ‘-
Vel-- to.
C
'I
o' '.<' II.
‘v '-

, , .l
u
-‘ ..w
.\
.0
l,__ .. . ;
.
‘ v
.
.‘o .
9 - _ ‘ J

 

IO‘O" -‘CA-¢

. _...
\

, ._

. t!

a I
v.‘ u.
x . A

r .

.g l ‘ {'
p ' ' I
v-
. I ,'
--a x8

'I
1 |
. . ran
‘
.o “-'

. a
u,—
a
A.

O

i.

)
a—.

r I
r ‘ ' '
a' ' -' .

g ' o .- .
_h ‘ I a v I
1 '.‘

. 7‘
I. - ..
..

-..... ..,as

.,tr. 1, ', ‘.'S
. U
I “I. .J 1.:
o D I ,
. 0' o q.{ I~

 

.-A -- . -.'-'.

I- '_
_.
I C.
' ‘I' .
u‘c' "
.\ O
a
'r i
J

.I I {I_'-I'd _-, ELEV
‘.'“-.-

I‘
u I , , a , . .
r f ‘ ' . . 3' I. v . ‘ ‘IiI' '
-=- In! '4‘ '. I . ~ . '«L' .--.‘..'.
l
, . ..., . ‘ ' ‘ . ' _
o - ‘v -I tI.~'-'~ r .. I *‘I .’o |-1 -.
v as - . , , r . ~, .3 .7
I ' on fI 3‘ I .i . 'l .I . .. .- Q .I,
| Q
_f p y . - I- I . a
“3.34.. C ~\ 35‘” - a-u LII. ' I .,, J
n ' -I . '.5 .~. I
v 1’ A. . o v . > _ ._ .
’. ..‘.-'.. ..‘ -, ...: ..I {‘.‘ ‘ -. .. tics _
-7 .4 . - -, . .1 .., ,
I‘ . . , ‘
a To ...a V, . - ’...ng ' .3 ‘24. .1 .- ‘-- '
' L
"' I) _ f 0 , " u
5.) .1 ‘1 . -2" .'.- v... 1‘ - .0. ..
U
.a ,..._- y . , .' .' r. ‘-
.l (L ..-‘. v . " IO.‘. 3 .- '..s ..‘I. -'. ‘.'.n
1 \-
' ’\ n o
_ . n :' 4‘ ‘.'
.' 1.5.-_'.-L ‘.'tJ-. -. ‘I"-- -t
Q ~ .
I . .
. ' . ‘ _ . '. t , _.
a1. 1.:I.'-a (’Iu iJ-v .14.} J |..I ..I.
. >1} , | 'o —'. - . . .‘ ‘ X 0' J
- (f ..JIaua 1!I:.a n! I(_,.s ....
., a 0» _.. r 9,- -'I-
In. . (' -'. I 1 A: '..
.-
‘ ' . . .- . : . I f .
. >' 4' - ' .. . s;
.3. s. II -f‘ d.-, - .I .I_:} .1 .9. J .e
.

-0-n,°

49

   
      

/ M Q
i. m

/ mm Lee.

M M .\

ML ..N.
e m
VD
w

w

 

 

 

MINNESOTA

SANDS

W

:EREDDISH CLAY LOAMS

D MUCH (FEAT)

ILLINOIS

 

I. .GREYISH'YELLOW SILT LOAAS

5%

. GREYISH LOAMS

 

 

Major $0113 in the Northern Highland Physiographic

Province.

Figure X.

 

 

 

 

 

I
I
‘ u
‘ I ‘
1 ‘ J
\ . !
‘ . ‘ ‘
‘ r
‘ I. ‘ ‘
. ,‘ ' ‘.'-
‘ - n . ‘ ’ < ' ‘1.
. , 9 ‘4. . . . ‘
I .
\ . L “ . ' . . - I
I \ \ . \ .- 0 ’rr - ‘ ‘ .
I , g ‘ ‘ ' - x '. 3 .
I . ‘ \ , \ . -
’ a' .
- " ‘. . ‘V
. n . ’.., ‘ ‘ . l
. I 'U I ~
~‘-' .
I N . \ " Q .‘ '(x
.. ‘ . . . ‘ ‘ ‘ I
I ‘ 1‘ a - I ’ ‘g ‘ t ‘.’ ‘.' "
v . 1 o P ' 1 q . <
. a. . L ‘- fi - ‘ a
.
. 0-~ : ' - .
1'?" . .
'4 ‘\ xl . ‘ v
- -. ' \ I‘ ‘ 0
.vv I '
‘-‘ . T
k .
J u
.‘r ' ‘ " 1‘ 1
T4 ‘ ‘ I".
. . , r . . . . . v
O . .1 . - '
. ’. ‘ l \ ’
_ i I
. v ‘ I .
I ‘ ‘ ‘?
O ‘ ‘ ‘
' ‘
O \ ‘ I‘
- o
4 un', .
.
.‘ I‘ ; ‘
. ’ ‘ . .v 4
\ v . H.
\
“I . .1 ‘
r .
3‘ ‘ . N ‘ ‘ 5
. I . .,3‘, | a
. _ . .
. i ‘ '1‘ - '3'-
\ I. ‘
.‘ .’ ‘ K
é
! ‘- .x. ‘
I A
'-- a“ x : K
" ' 330°
'4-
\ - '.. 5
K r ‘
t . v)
. I
\ :_ . V ‘
"~.‘ ’. .

 

\
.’ ,
i ” . v’ I"
. s, '. .
‘ " . n
I _. .-
V . J ‘ k 2
! 1* “ e ) ;. ‘ "
. . - g e .y “w, ‘
IAI . .‘v ‘
. v . ‘ w v. a t
\ '1' ‘2 “a
I . | \ . ‘7‘” . j.
1 2 -§‘_ \ ‘3, ‘L " .I‘.
. ‘9‘ 1‘. “-l n
a . I 5‘
'o
n
} I

.
.
‘
‘5‘ , '-
I \
.
..
1 \ L’ ’
‘P
. .-
._ ._
. . I
\
‘ I
v-
r '
. 0
.
4 .7 . ’
I.
.
. ,,
‘ ..
,. .
.
‘t
l'
s
. .
4 a I v
V ‘ ‘-
‘1
.
J i
,.
5
1
.
F

’1 ' ,
j
J
1 -
~

‘ .
O .
l . .
I ‘ ,

. .- A, y ' ‘3 ('.1“." ... '..‘_ . 5..., _ v‘ '

f
' _ ..4 a
. ,

 

50

Soils within the Chippewa Lake region range from a moderately
fine to a moderately coarse surface texture. Water movement
or percolation through the soil is moderate. Where there

are gragipans or thin textural bands occuring, the percolation
through the profile is retarded, causing some water to move

in a lateral direction.

The Chippewa Lake area has been divided into five Soils
Managuent Areas (5140.24 These managuent areas group soils
of similar character or landscape occurance together as
they generally require similar managanent practices. The
soil managanent areas are generally named after the soil

or soils which are predominate. There may be some soils of
dissimilar character within a SMA, however, they generally
occur in small acreages and are described as inclusion.

The composition of these areas are defined and described in
terms of major and inclusive soils. The five soil managanent
areas which are pertinent to the Chippewa Lake region are

shown in Figure XI. Thses managaaent areas and their identify-

ing soils are as follows:

fitmbaugh-Goodman Area: This soil management area consists

of deep, well and moderately well drained silt loam deposits

 

2(‘Chequamegon National Forest; Soils Management Report
for Chippewa Flowage, Sawyer County, Wisconsin; p. 4.

It“:

I

A

U
"-51

l

1') “HIE- "‘ ‘.‘-V. 23—:-

r‘: ‘..\.’ .
AL
,.
uneven... . Aw"

‘l.’
l

warn"

 

5

I‘ . ‘ ,, .- 7 .... . I . . W - . ' . . . h
1‘ ~. l'i '.' v' v v " l I’ . ' . ‘ "
I.‘.:. '-c . -' ""m- o {I Ay-t.« .— I. A—' '—a ‘ K..- ' .' I’Ulil" .' J' . 5's .‘.|.J - b0 . .'. . '
' ~ v " .’ ‘ r v "
.1 , _ ‘VI’ , . I. , - .‘~ . . .I - IA . - . . a . . ' I,. a ,II I .
.4". "n‘ IVv'l . .‘ 9 Q , -.d.,4 5.5 .’J'I-~.-' ‘. ", -ij;(‘ ) ‘.‘ x-:p4-. " . >J \ -s I . .'r
. - . .
-'- - 1A.] - .4 .‘K . ’.. P. .‘.- ‘_-' (1.1. .’..- )u «- ~' & ' . l v ..‘ -‘.-- .l... .'v‘v .' A"
‘ V . v. I c ‘ ‘ o I. p ‘ .\ ' 0 a - '. t 4 u e ..
. r ..>.' _v-~ . ‘I ' a\ 0‘ - '* V ‘ ~ "‘ ' " ' ~ ‘ . ' «-
- ..'.... (“3.1.an .lf'u {I (.‘. .'J .o\ 514...”; .1....L... Jj (-.‘1.J .‘.u. ..l-.o-'-., \ .- - -
I
. . I. ' p w h " . I .0
7 , '._' ' I ' v " ', ' Iu. “ :~ ' , _ ' - . " ' ‘
1‘. (I I. .. .I .- .. .'.~.- . M; ..'l. . ¢~ .' . -J -. «.’..z "-1... - ('.o': «...: .I I_JJf . : .1
. D O . r ‘
‘I , r ' I ., ' ‘1 n v ‘
.‘.JIJ..._I-1-I ....'.' -.l -..) ...; _l. . A-~—.
‘ ~ I I I C . I y
,‘ {I . I -.. ( -II . I . 5 . ~. ‘. I h . .u.’ . , ' ’...‘.‘. . I 'I ". I
'~. -7 ~ ". -.- ‘.'.Jl...' ’ . 'n - I - — 'u‘ '. ‘oll *3 . “I « ..‘ I! J ' ',..I~ J' r.» .s -\
r ‘a
. I; I. ‘ 1" ‘ ‘ ‘~ ' '—
A I. “ ‘ I ‘ V,’ ' ' ’.‘ I ‘. _V I’ , t‘ ‘ ) . . ’ ‘ ‘ " , a - ' 3 . 0‘ I
.«J.-.‘ '1 -" \'.. '. l ..‘.{J “(3.2." I I: o x - Ca ‘3 J. 0 lg - I. ’.l" 3... . .43.. 'L .,' ‘11~.1
. , I r e u "
r‘ n _ .' Ix‘ .‘.. ..' y l‘ , ' "u' ‘.. I u l a ' - r" In ' "g. ' ' '
'.')! -‘ A‘bd.’ .'.n ; {'u.‘.“'.' _U. ',; A .-r_ -.‘l . .‘.; -"'o-‘..'u .1 .i-‘lJ.-‘.l'.‘ (. ..‘. -)
\I .a
. ‘ . u e i , ‘s ...I
I ‘ . ,| . ‘ .. . ~ 1‘ 1' '.. I , . - u '. . . ‘ . a - . . a o ‘o I s I I I“. ‘ “I 7 ,' Q I
..'.. '... . 3.-.'- ..J 'a. 1“ ..'...‘l*' 4v) ot‘.‘ L": .laJa.-o.u a...“ ‘3 Jon. I: ‘..J a! \;_._k’ -J ‘ ‘l' l a. I “J
a ' . .
‘ .' . _ n' "_ | ' . .I -\ _ 3’ '
1 .' '~' ' ‘ . v m - ‘ ‘- , -. ‘4 ' . '. "o ' - - ’ I“. " . . -
.‘..': '..: . i-‘~. ‘ J'..l-.’.. . -.'.{ 1.") -.-,‘JJ- ‘11»-'_ -’.a :1 kl.) . J ..l.‘ '4 S... (J! J‘ _.. ‘. -A
- ' p
O . ' a u a
. " ‘. V ' ' f‘ ‘ .I "-' H .1 I" a, -‘ "'a‘. ' f‘ I " ’t’ W..' ' I " ' ‘I - 0 .§ ( C
- ~. '..-.. . .1 1.. .l.’«;. M3 - «HI»- .. -I- .. ... .- '.. 3a... .‘ } ..‘.» 1 .w. .... A») .L-.. .'...vJ mil 1: .. .... -;
...
. ‘ I ' . . . ~ . t ' -
.' ' ' ‘ _' " 7 ' .l ' 1"! -‘ ‘ - f ‘ ’ I v ‘ ... Is I V‘ . x - I I I —
I...) ,“,n‘_," I ‘1' ‘...,l C ‘7". I .1"-4 C ..‘ I . .v .I.-'.‘.v £34.; r- M] ..' .-.:... t _1 2",- ’ -
u ’ ‘o
r; A. v w. v.
-" - ' ’ ‘0 . 1.- .-.'s L '- n 'i- . I" 1: v, ~ -p\’ c 3 ,~' -» ' 0 '~ .1 ..-
. Ill- '.\.Jj..‘.-‘I._l., a. ~.a \ '1‘.“ .3- .' . 3L." . ~ . .1» " {.‘.}.D (..‘. .‘.) ' - ~'I‘I 4.}. . S) ' 1.1.1 -.1-4.» ‘ ‘
. . y. l - I! ~ - i . ' r - " I ' a "I
' ~. I.~ » I - y - . . . _ r .» . ‘ .a'- » - ' ‘r ‘ 'I-I. I' :4. r 4’ If. r I .- '. . - "“ ‘ . ‘ - l u. . I ' - . . ,' .
I». I- 34“.. ..'. (I. ' " t-w’l-A’I. ‘ flA-I'. o!ou."l '4' 0" a I_‘. s , .-. I' uldsJ|kfl ..‘! .. "-. «.‘.: ‘..! (..'.: 1 --
‘. I _.. ‘I .3... r. c | x p .e . .. h I. V ‘
. - ~-, - . - » . ‘a. t. - "‘ : ~ :. ‘ .5 " ' ' ' " ' .'. " ' ~ I " Y
-z 7 v . J a. v- .-..- 3"1. . : . .1. - .‘. . :a.4..' (.'.: ... ‘v' ...x L’J. “I.-. s-1. .‘9 ...(I ‘ .{r' I .-.L-' A“ -'.... -I
' C
. I . . . , . ,
It. ’.' . l . . A._ .,_ . _‘ . ‘ -N .,l _I., _ ' . . . II . ., 0‘ ' I . ‘1 , '... 2 ‘
.' 1",}. , .1 J ., . ".s. f-i:' . ..\ .- ..‘. x .6 (3.} ..‘ U ,JAJ..' u; .9 ..' ., ....) 1.4-5.,ul. v. Q,:' 5 .J.
.. ..'
. ~‘- ~\ . ,t‘. . n 5 .‘. ‘ . I. ' -‘-.“"“r~ .- l '. ‘ .r, . .‘.) . . It. - { .~ r E v r. r~ . "; ‘I II
-‘.-{_-J£.2Jh_-.- -..T. . ..i 1.,. (L’s-I -r. - ...“ -. .-. ...«1313 3.1v-:‘...'. ...“. '3- -..“ -3 .‘. ”.‘. (33. A":
no 4. ._ y a
O 0" f": 4‘ ‘I V. ~ ‘.' w ‘ , _: .1 !'
. Ln ‘ . .~..', ‘.’- ‘av’, ‘ 5.. ‘.'-kn. 0%.! A ".‘.
-'. ' ' ° ' 1 u - ‘ ‘
. .. .. I‘ _ . , , .I _ . .r- .' ~. I . ._ f.
\I-l' - H.4'I.) ‘ " .041 l-‘, '.. ‘..! .'...(ICI (‘-. ..’. .f‘~ ' ’5). Iq5: ’--'?‘I.{i’n“ v.‘ .
“—1. c. o v A' A.—.~ . 9 --¢- a... .u In- -4..v U' ‘.‘l
7. , - r I . a ' l r ' ‘ '
1 ‘ \-: \‘e I .I l ~ ' , ' r‘ ‘ .'II7II“- . .‘ ‘ - --. a - e ' «
‘--'. ..i '.'7': a it‘d-.. J-‘.--'a .' 'l..’I¢-» .- ..t..‘.~f :' "1-5.3-1‘. - 'n.('3| '. f. 'I .I_-§,;_J/vr ‘ll'.."'-.. .- "
C ..
or-“ -.‘-... - -.-... - “.'. -... . ‘
.-
.L, . 1‘ .' ..’.. A." (‘.‘ . 1': ' .-'. ' . ' ~ . I . a" .
, . ‘ ~ . . .. , . . . ‘. . .
. ‘ .v - . .. ~ ~.- '. "-|I.':J=.. t‘..‘.-'.‘-' g "f m ..' ..f - L“. ' I "'.'J-I' J Iaw
u N- - - L
. - ‘ Y " 1‘ - . "" U ’. g - a ‘ I\ ~ . .. . I :
...I‘ . l ‘tb.‘, Q. J ‘a'-.".;.. ‘ .24.t'.r)l.l\_.o. “. Eln'l‘l-'. . {:1‘"-3t .l| I‘l.‘ . ._ .‘

 

51 1
underlain by sand and/or coarse sandy loal.to loamy sand till.

Sand or fine gravel is commonly found underlying the entire

 

area at depths greater than six feet. The silt loam sur-
face generally extends to depths of 30 to 36 inches. A i
weak fragipan is found at depths of 18 to 24 inches. Thick-

ness of the gragipan ranges from 8 to 24 inches.

 

 

In addition to the silt,loam soils are inclusive areas of
sandy outwash soils as well as somewhat poorly and poorly
drained silt loam soils. Narrow alluvial bottoms can he

found along creeks and streams which flow through the areas.

The topography of this area is gently rolling to undulating
with convex slapes ranging from 2 to 8 per cent. Throughout
the area there are relatively flat spots and along the east
portion of Lake are slopes of 8 to 25 per cent. The steep
slopes occur where depressional areas and water holes are
cos-on and where the upland areas adjoin the low lying valleys

and depressions.

In general the soils of this managesent area are strongly
to underately acid with a medium natural fertility. The ph
values range from 5.0 in the plow layer to 6.0 in the sub-
stratum. The productivity is rated good, but needs the add-

ition rates of lime and fertilizer. The infiltration and

 

_4v-.—.r

 

 

A
-—\ ‘v
: - . r ‘. I '~ ' '
vl r. ‘ ~. ‘. 5 r‘ -_“ , ~ ' . ~ '_ s ,' fi - . o t - D . u '. I ' .'
.-'.-..'.~‘ l‘! ,.'. . ’ 1" _. \_J .".’-|I‘..‘~. ‘ ‘ ‘.‘ ‘lo (4.“, ‘» .) .‘ ',' \' I :1 -.»’L"{o ‘.‘-J I... *‘
~ . n ' Q > o .
... .- ~ _ a‘ ., _.. .- ..‘ . . ‘, , . .. «‘..-’..-; I, _‘ .
‘1‘ o‘. - 3" i -.. ~<§d ‘ 1;.-. ‘ -. r ‘ ‘ ul 1“: < — ‘ .’. ’5’. A- 4“; ‘...... .15.? ‘fi ..' .‘.f ‘ - '... -
' 1 .
. ' ' 4 ‘ ' ' " n ‘
v , ._ , .. ..._ n : . . A ., '.r‘ .‘.. t I ..- v$ _ - ‘_' . , . ‘.
‘....v,.._. 1 ,.,'.f. -11. e". :1 .‘. ..IV.'._ .‘ ...-. -. ”‘1'.an J. ‘.§ -4 1.2, v.‘$i.".; .-
4
a r . . . . . r . I . .‘. :. :-
v ‘ ‘ I.‘ , 'u r‘ " x ' '
. . § . ‘ - 3 .a I. { ‘.’ \_, “ .".() ‘ c~_‘.. ' I) ’ .Jd ’ ' n .I 0‘. ‘ 't‘ .‘~ .1. J" -1 1 ‘5‘
. c
v . . ~ . v g
- l , .. ’ . | . ‘t' r. ' I ' ' n a. . ¢
" ’. Av... . $5. '-‘¢-.a" ... ‘. . ( -. ‘A‘.. .u ‘.v ‘4' 5" - "k- \- ‘1‘ 3.‘£-v~‘JLI‘--~ \D~‘ ‘ .2 - , 15.6
~‘ ,1 .‘ " I. ' - ’r' r.- . t‘ ., . ‘... v 51"!“ : f. - ~ ( ". v ~-
. ‘.' ‘I ~‘J. -‘ ‘.... .‘.. ‘7‘ ‘ ‘.‘. .~ _~ ‘.1 II ( ‘1‘ l. oL ‘1‘ .‘., o ‘ »7 ~ k - on-) o
i .
u .. a . r . .. . .
n, "u ‘17 ' s 4 - a g . . n D O \ - . ~ ~
. I l 1 . I l .
'- . ‘ . a ' .0.‘ , - '.‘ -.'-’;.-s .. n .0 ' ... ‘ ‘s I \‘10.1 ( ~‘Acr '.‘ '...-Q, ‘,\J ,“ -.‘.--

I
I
n
I‘
i-
'.~
.
n
:—
'.‘
. I
4
I
f”.
w
v1
.1
g
-u
l l
h
u .
-\
‘.
q
p
I,
a
(n‘
o
I .
(v-
p...
I
O‘
.
...
o
..
-~.
.I
4".
..L‘
I
‘“
n
. .
. .
v .
-n
\N
. I
.
..
.1
H
C;

' . " ‘ 6 ‘ I I . 1 n o -

. ..I - ' n . a. .~\ . l . a . . ‘ n . , . _

T‘s 1) 1 I g.' . .:.s(..'-\.: -. --¢ \¢"~-.J..a ..l . .' F‘" .m.--.- (3" LJJ‘IJ. -.‘.; L I
' -‘ \ r. .' " i l' 1 I. ' Ti -'\ ' . I‘:'. ..‘.. I u ' ' ' ‘4 i 1 ..‘ (h
0 ‘ u -' -'- ‘ - ‘3 s. Li‘ o('.LJ~'-»J .It -3. a—a).l 8“: .4 '.'7‘. J -’.! {I Nab"! C ..., x. .) u:(.'-L o

? '. ' -' - ; l . ‘ r ' ' '

. u , r - '. ‘ . . .,,. ‘ , . _ _ . ,I . ‘ v ‘ _, _. ‘ .

LI... ‘0 ‘_ I.) .liv1.. (I... . "------~-’ 3. l‘ “ Q"“ , . \a..: ‘ .) mi} g.‘ ‘.... o ‘J {Ill ' 1" -~" .(v‘t
. {j‘. P ‘ J . I: ~ ', ‘ ' "-" ' f" " p v' ' .'° ‘ ‘ " ,'-1“'.' o. ’ - i I. ' ‘ t
J- x“~."“‘. «11.. 0.014..-'—.‘ J-".;h ‘..: OJ 9* “.‘ ~-'~.. DE]. "[1i).a \1'.,'-".‘. .0 .- "Iii“.
« ~' I . , I h 'v 5“
'.' - -.'~' ...-w" ‘." - ‘- ‘ ' : . 'I.’ ' ..'-”‘n ‘ ' 1 :N" ° ‘
51 ~-. ~ , I -. L_I." .'. .7, 3., 1.1- . C... ‘ " g - 4.-. _ ‘1‘": J J_,j ,“.;_!‘ J?‘ .‘. _‘,‘J ,_} J. :13.) .'.; J
. -. I ‘ v . 4‘ ‘fi ..
I l . ' v - ‘ v’. r n ‘0 r‘ _.
. .... I ‘.v, ..:llt> .. 4 L.‘. 0.1 u .:.~.. . 'L-(’-L d ‘2! ‘3 ..‘Ja-‘al JO 1‘!
A
.- ’ v u .
- ~ 5‘ I. '- 6 ,- '1'. .~ ’ r. ._ o 01- r3, ‘ ‘ ° - . .- v “‘ ;- - I».. ,.~‘ . 0. (~,., .
~‘. .1 l.. ..‘.f'la .‘.» s.- "' “1:13.? ‘.‘.f -- .1 u) -.-f’4:.:‘.l-'.(.6...J..“.;-..‘ .‘2'.- .'A ,2 .L.».J~.'.. f)
.k

‘. ,, o 7‘ I . _. I ' ’ .1 p .
C" ! t '. H . ’» "' ‘ ‘ 1 2 ‘- ? J ’ ' . -‘ .' w ‘2 '.‘. o '1"‘- ' ‘ ‘O r (N '-‘ k' “" ' ’ ' ' “
U . '.. .'.. LIV, . O 1." ’..-’8 'l‘r’d. “J 1.- ..'- (I L.“ !‘ ‘3 ‘J .‘ 41:) :v‘ ‘u h.-‘_ '.'II hu‘u‘;l) '.‘. .‘.:“o‘; 'l r '3',
. . . v.
I o
‘ ‘ -~I , ’ * . ". .1.
. C:L‘\a-a ..’ S)...’ .K
‘
.‘ _' . _ , . A ...... L ’l ‘ ._. P ‘ A . . '. _J ', .3... ’ ~. ‘ . ‘ ‘.' ‘_ _ '7. . -. , ‘.‘ F . A. _.. l- . , . _.. o .3
I5-” f.~K‘v.(' -"t; 51’! a»: ..v 0 ..’ I .0 J.‘ .4!.!..“..,:,'1"J‘J:\L (Ia-1 !~‘ .,‘._‘_.! ‘1-‘v-Lf’y ‘I'I "‘J '3' .1 “‘l
O . ,_ . — . a '- O P ~ F v
. . ' ‘ "u '3 ' '0' r ‘c‘ A. l " ' ..‘. * ~' ‘ ' ' ' ‘ . .‘-
s- I ' ~ . “' -“ .’. .' Q! .~ ‘ .1. .. ’ ‘ I..‘- ‘ .11 I‘ !J" ‘.lm‘f‘.‘ B ' . .J -‘I_’ £... ,‘- Q 3 L“. II n‘ 4. -‘ .‘
.. - . . " ' ‘ , -
- r ‘ '.‘ i ’ - n I l . ' .~ 3 ;t ~ 0 o. u
.| ‘..4 > ‘ I lx.~ '-' O x. ‘ c' L '-I' If ..' (”J 1"". ". x' 'O ‘J "I " :” ‘Jn'a
'- '0 I ‘.' .I ‘ I“ '3 (.- .I ( I . ‘ "'9' ' .‘ a". 'f‘f' '5 "‘ ' ‘.‘ ' W" ’
'. .1 -r-o $.' ' ‘1 3 ¢ . ' -‘1 I'. .‘.. --- f J; ' 'n .o J-""" ‘ "- ' .I'A.|.".
o .o
. -' ’- u ‘ I ' 1 z' ’. . . v ' ' >6.
. ‘. ‘ ' z . - . _. I , y 9" I 0 . I h . I‘ -q v ' " '.'—
:’ Lac I lat. _I ‘0 1 l .-.J--- . . "_ .'.-Z- -. . s‘ :1 ~oL‘ ‘.. a-Iu-. -¢ )‘n‘ .‘.‘azl '1“ '1.-!~ ' k: (.1 ‘1 :.l 0’-

-.-..,‘ SJ}:
'.. ..'.' f
f' " K-’c
o _- . pa
1. 41'8":
.

. ’ ‘ !
‘.‘ C. \' I . .
I ‘-
. .
‘.' ‘ « ' ! J.

. ' .
'Iffij, ‘ '-
. ':

(‘..! 7:1}.

l
0‘ i. I, a I
J I.‘ -)a-‘..‘
“ .x. ..
‘ I
o.‘ .v.§l - ‘.’
x

1‘. -‘. {..‘J;
”(J7 (3:;

52
percolation rates are moderate with the percolation being re-

tarded because of the fragipan.

Pence-Padus; This soil management area consists of relatively
shallow sandy loam to loam surfaces overlying sand and/or
fine gravel. Depths of the surface textures range from 14

to 26 inches with sand or fine gravel extending over the
entire area below 26 inches. In the Padus soil, a very weak
fragipan may be found. The lower portion of the pan contains

a slight increase in clay content. When found, the "pan"

occurs just above the outwash material.

These managaneut areas are found on nearly level to gently
undulating topography. Steep slapes are not counonly found.
Dominant slopes are in the 3-6 per cent range with some areas
in the 10-15 per cent range. Relatively small depressional
areas make up about 10 per cent of the total area and are

occupied by poorly drained mineral and organic soils.

The soils making up these management areas are strongly to
‘moderately acid and are low to medium in natural fertility.

The ph.ranges from 5.0 to 6.5 . The soil is fair to good in
productivity, but will become droughty during dry sunmer months.
Inflitration is moderate and percolation is moderately rapid

to rapid. Scattered stones can be found, but are not limiting

I 511 {

” Q y I - V ' '
I . I . . ' e - . ' s s (a. I ' -a o
“'.- ‘x.. -' :l'... .. .. . -. _‘ .--. .. .- ’ - --”..'. ,~«.-...1----(‘ .0
r 1". '0' '. ' ‘.' V"' 301‘. '
.'.\"I _ ‘I ,L .'. .i. . '1 J. ‘ ' . ' . I ‘ -..
‘ s
I
I . .
. ‘- . -~.'. ~ ‘ ,0 - .-~. _ . ... ..‘ .. «\ '~ ‘ . I" .. s. v . ‘4 o a - to! l r
.3 !.'-v,.9o;_‘. .' ,1 r \..Jg...\.-.«l .) . ’.‘-3 .-A' : .‘. Inukt- . -'.‘~‘ Ma L._.'-..‘t .~ 'I’ --.' F‘.
\- -' -.-. . De~.‘.w.--‘
a f ‘ '
.. .. . ’~.‘ . 1 v ,u v .. a, O , ‘.‘,
l '\ M. a i 1‘ 3‘ I , .‘_ ‘ . 1‘ ~ ’.'-A ..{1.. 'H;"-‘.. [..'-a ‘ ‘.'. .‘. \_~'L 6011a “.'. ..--
. . f. v A r I ;. s ' . - , “A. nr‘l ‘ u' :- t‘ 7‘ I . ~ ‘1’, .~ ‘
.- . x '- ', t. ... s ...: ..' .‘ ”-1 A .1... a. ...Cl “a 4'. I . ..,..'-. H.“ ..J -
_.
laser—‘.‘?
.3 . - ' .‘ [I f' . ..‘ l- . ' “'Q'I' ' ' .r >' a " .... ' ' _' 9 I! -' ‘ ' . “
p a . .\ -' . \,' '.. .£.'.... d! 3.4. .... .‘...‘n ‘.’ .. ".1 .T' a ‘. .. .'. J 6.. f; '.‘ X -. .a w L. .' I \i l,_'. I.‘ .- ‘.’
,4 . ,
i
u.
:3
.' "' e - ' ."s ss I . .' l » -\ . u' . ‘a ' .1. ;‘ o-e' D ‘8 ’ '. ' “
: : 1‘ il ' _ _r "Y a‘ ‘ "a. ‘,:" K ‘ V‘ u“l..e.' {.'- . '- 11‘ 1'.I k'o‘ ‘.'!- .- "\“ ..’,‘ “ " '.. '.‘.
3 u
r‘ r
a
.1
«I; - ~ u .~ .. g
. . .,,. . ', “r~ , .g .- . .7 .-' . .-. _... V . - . ... 2 . '.f' -. ,-,r, - . ‘.. h'
1? -.ns.‘.-.1‘.0. ‘f'L'-.) Lil» ’3 .3 .."J I'l,'--.u . .‘.‘3 ‘..). .JJIJJ. an i -J‘_‘. “‘~.‘ 1 In}; sJ-a' .' L'-
r . .' '.
J
.‘-
L '. .
r' . I " ‘ . , ‘ ' . T .
-.- ‘ ' .-'~" ‘I " . ‘.- -. ' . "' ' ‘,'1' ' “ ' d I ‘ '. l' - " . 5
V“ ‘. I I 1 l:.“ t .,lnj "_’-. ‘.. J .. ..‘.J J ‘J‘.'\ 1 ’-.-.1 I~J-. J. '1! .‘. -..J‘A -’.. ..' (.‘.. .4‘ .' \a
.— ‘ - .

r ‘ .~ n l . t . ‘. ,0 _
I - ' , I' . .. > .2 . . '. t _.. P ,7. ,.‘ . ._‘ .... : '.. . r. _,
-. 1;; ‘.’ L'- ..‘. '5 -. ‘..-fl“ .4 IJJ -’.'t.’.1(.5-'. ...E.» 1...: t. ,. .31. " - ‘ ’3‘.-.' J! -J,
.
: , . ‘ u ,‘ v| ' ' . .' " \I ‘ '_ .' .I . .v ' .1. ‘a ,‘ ‘.‘ .' . f _ ;. -.‘ p .- _’.-.'
. 3‘: .'{.__ ___1 ’. . , . ...; !_"; 5....1 J. ,. -:.‘.A.J. .1 v,_’ .-' §_ ‘1 {I_'-J'Qb“.l).-|
h .
. . a s v a 9 _ '
‘ 5. ”I, _. .' V a < .‘. ' . '7‘. _ - -'. f" .3 J, ~. .. V . A. . ;-‘ v . - 14 . ‘ . 1 ,. ~‘ I '.‘. - l
1 L’,. p I: .‘. ‘...»; a J- .. )1 .11.“- ..'.: .---‘ ..’.,J '~"'-’.. .'.-,4 ‘4'.) 4-x.- ‘.‘:~J“ru‘.-'J —I-.\ 3.. .' -'
a J .1
I - ‘ V ‘ s ‘ I - ‘l‘ - x
,_ . . . :1 ~. - ~. _ . - ..- -q v.. . -
. . a...1~- ~o€l I ." .. ‘..: -‘_ .’u I 0.4 -‘. v . . . I 11,.J“ ‘. 1.1 ,r‘.-’ ... 3‘ a..~.- 1.). 5‘. ..a n.‘
' .w. L I n ' C- l -’ ' '.. , ' -'. : ' ' . '1 '. " “ l ' ’.. ' 1 ll. '
‘.‘. - ' .'J - 5.- ’ ..'. . I -. '-. ) J -‘-{J . {1.1.} ~‘~ ‘u’. J.Y.a'...‘(.'..}~ ‘ 3| ‘xw J ' m, a '
, . . . ‘ . . - . . r ' . .
a . s v n . {a “ . "a ' ”u . . « r r . ~ \ v- I“ u a v. Q ' - Y . , , .r - 7‘ l n. .
C ‘...... (‘1‘: .‘J...;.' ‘.‘"..l'.‘ ‘.. ‘...! '.. {AJ .’IJ... .. . - fili.. 5‘1.;.~' ’ .’-. 4‘ “.3". '.-' L .-.‘_‘,' !.c--l-,
v C .- o <
1
. ‘ . - _. .
.-v I,’ ' v. :3“ '0 ', "o ' .'I ' ' "'. 1 _e . I .'. 1‘ '. - " . .5 , ’ ,I- j r . _ '
‘...? .' ..., I '. C... '.1 ‘5’ ..L s.‘ (..‘ :.,-' . ‘, .' .'.. .'. ~ .. we." ‘ ..' fl ~.1 \l- I c’ A .‘ , ’ ‘-‘ q s ~J—‘ . ‘ J.". I!“ «“1. .
._ .
l
I
t ' . ' ‘.tl '- . I p: I .V’ . I‘ f ' { ' . r. O- 1 .,a l‘ 'k ‘ ‘ "~ -- u
n - - .' .'- . —.- .'. .‘- .‘. '.’. 4...: ' 1 f..-“ : 3 .. -'. . 1 a ..‘.. . ‘ A. 0 ~ - 1 ‘ l e' L). s ' fl ~‘_- -- -.' “1.1.. 1 '.
.
’ , - ’ ' o a . ..‘ . O ' i . '
D ~r ‘ .v‘ I. ' _ '.‘ , .I . J | ‘ v- 0‘ s w A ,
1)V- ' ‘- \ g C ‘1 -‘ -‘ ‘0 (‘0‘ LI . ‘1 ’u -.- . I“ . ' ‘-\~’ 1 o v ‘ . .'. dc. I OJ}. In. ' 1‘

,,; " , . , . .' ‘ a... 'fi. K. . ... ,_ ... .. ‘ A _ f': 2' . .‘. ‘ I -. ._ a ., . y_ .
..,,..da“ ..'. -'.,I .- J, -_, “ -. ,1 .-»f:' _..?! . ‘:.,f‘_ I” ,3, "1: (:3 {J -LJ. .. 5“. L J." (PU, I".
. fi

1 . ,‘ . ‘.’. I ‘ I 7‘ ’ . ._ ' . V ‘ I -. ‘~ 4 I ' ‘ f ‘. ‘.. r. . ' I . b. o -.. ‘ - -. a ‘2.
.‘ _ , ' ' - 'b-fl ' ' v, - '7 -‘. ‘ " ' L. ‘ ‘.‘;i Ilh‘d’s .J l 3". ‘.‘u. u "‘l ; "1.- fl :1 a. i .I. ‘.l 'C, o I (n4. ‘ I. .. J 1' u‘ “ ..‘ .. . ‘-
- > 3 f '- -
\ ' l . 0' - e .- ,\ . - ~- ,‘ ,' r~ _, _ |.o , ‘ _ .C, . l‘ . ' .' '
t ‘.. -J. o ... ..,nvga. _ .‘. .‘. :J'l ( v‘ "(J-L . (3 ."-..J h~ :1Jl‘.‘J I” ‘_ .- ‘. ‘4') )|. .:,'~‘ 2’.) \- ‘

 

S3

to any usage.

‘Xilgg-Crivitz‘éggg; This soil management area comprises
acid, well to excessively well drained, soils which have a
shallow loamy sand to light sandy loam surface overlying
outwash sand. Thickness of the surface varies from 4 to 18
inches, and texture of the subsoil ranges from fine sand to
‘medium sand. Soil organic matter is generally lacking in
these soils with only the surface 6-8 inches having limited

amounts (lO-lS)(tons/acre).

The topography ranges from a nearly level to very gently
undulating surface with only a very small portion having

slopes greater than 8 per cent.

High water tables are commonly found in the depressional'
areas, but these depressions are generally small and limited.
The soils which occupy these areas range from somewhat poorly

to poorly drained. Organic soils are also present.

Droughty conditions and low fertility limit the use of these
areas as sites for recreational developments. They are well
drained and will resist compaction, but the establishment of

vegetation will be difficult. The Ph of this area ranges

from 5.2 to 5.6.

 

 

 

 

 

 

I'm

. - r‘
..I| ‘vIVL IIEQo
.
‘ f . "I‘ o I -' . a n - I
, . . o .. . ». y.“ . .' t‘ . : no _ es 1‘ a ... I I
\. .1... - 1.) re.).-‘~I .J'A .- ', 3 5w: 4...“; (14¢.... ....IJ . an. I_‘ . .. ,,
." --.”. ‘.'--Imh. “‘ D . '..-.
I Q o. r ; ; ‘ e . ‘ ‘ . .
§ .. a e u , ‘ - . . a ‘_ '_
u : J’a.‘ L'J- ‘ .. '..I..~‘ _, <1. '. ' .e...a..’ «‘.‘. a. . ‘.’”.I (.‘-: . .‘ QI..-
' ' I I E ; . _, . ‘ ‘ .-
"v ' y . a ' ‘ I. , , I. ’. ‘, . - , - - O- ‘, 3. ’-.. r-
. r _ r .\ - a :3 .~I‘.‘ ' J‘n ..."..2. -“}1. ‘.. ~53... -'.__ I‘m‘ 3-::.-_. 3...:.‘.'J.. .(.,LJ.5
b u -1

‘~'

I -_ ‘ ., I. . I ... .. , , W. ..J ' -- - ,. ... . ... V . H
I I -'. 0-1 ‘I‘ '. L '--- Z" 'J...IP'I" -\ ., T ..‘vIJ‘. $5.3 ..‘.‘L' 37.0"! ‘.e.'.~a-‘-'-,;.. - . I-I.‘.'-I-..o .‘.~».o

 

I ~ ‘. . ‘ .. r r . - -- I -' --' -\ , I s. o - ‘ . ' . as . t I
I . , laI—.dI-‘I-JU.IA IkJ-gL l -- '.‘-LII. ‘. ‘IIVS . I»... ‘J- I :I- :J;' - ' I .'.oI—‘J 0 Q I. S .‘tss t'v"-_.
‘ 0‘ ‘ . r U ‘I. ' u I. a e‘. f . - ,‘ 1. .1 II.‘ I ' I; 4’» .‘.: ° 1“ 1' , I.‘ 0‘71. a ..'I T . a n. : . ( ', ‘.‘ »
0:..1....-:.-~ .lv .‘.xm sn-u .-.....-...r... -..1. t .tgo to... ......m.
I‘ .. r ‘s '3‘ ‘I! I "X I ‘ . _s . _
O I\ )4")... \g.‘1‘.I-J) (‘-.k-':-I.) to-a‘l..|t\_.‘
- . r r "a '
n » 50 . n s , . ". ~- r. , _-_¢ ' , ~.\
‘....Jn. .. "... -‘r h: .l “A... -..-..'3§'-{» 15 than... «.‘..flus. WAS... Lf‘(2.. n
‘- H k) \- ‘ s . .
‘l ' ”-II II‘I'I- 1 I ' .'. I‘ f I I I I"‘ . f." I. -’ VI:
. ‘..,g I :1- 3 L ..'.-J -‘.i ' _l. .5. 's'r h ‘ _I. I» L. :..‘.‘.(J 1 J -I .. n.’ .‘.. -X~-I|_l . ‘.- ..r I, .- ..
.'. . .. '.I: . .‘ - . ... .
i C '0- ’ It, J J-‘I i. (I' ‘I A I } J-AIJ u ...! .; .'.. t I ‘.— ' I: I (I
. Q' . - ' ‘ ' :- a . .
'°' . ' ' .'. u ‘1 " . , '>"' r - “s "-'¢a I..- ‘V" '.'." " .
os- ~ h...‘ I'<‘o a' " n. . II) - III" ‘ .. .‘.‘IJI’LIQL ‘.. -. 1AC'.‘ ‘. ‘.‘”) :5 ‘.’.I ‘a~a_I. (I ','..¢I an. ‘.‘ T)“, I_‘

l . I.‘ . .‘ . I Inu.‘a a' . 'JPJ v.01. I‘: '!l~l 'I '.. a; ‘5 ... I13. ‘3'." a) .I Ii; ;J‘-‘{:’o§. ‘.u‘) J." ,I a. ‘.') (a .;~‘IJJ

.. I. _ .‘ . .. .'. . n ,. . a. '3 . up .1..- . .‘ uh ' ~~ .' I_‘ n. . . a" . .. II. -. . ‘ . - -
I‘ll-4"“, ..'... . 4+... .::.~.;...- ..3,.,.-x.'.... ..Lx'JJ-t. 9.9.1.!“ \‘_‘I:I='f)'.=':3 1.2.4.33; (pinata :1
|
.. 1.. p... "‘ ..'..." ;.. ,2 -'. ,.'.. ..
s-“- Jun-'.'J-‘i [WAN-w -:J.-a wilt” ..'-Lh'..'..’~.l .-.-:~r.v.».B-..u &-l..~L'(J-‘.;
._ . , .., '.. ., . ....-. -. ’ .,3. 3' .. a '- 1 ”.-.-..., .' , r ' , .. - .. 2 .'. -. ... .‘ .
Jr} .32.... .-.(.3 Jul} 511...] ..l...( ;..-..'. {3) .i.-‘..: _-..,}.-'. '.‘:(hL : {.21} “JUL: J ...:JF}. 'LI 3‘- 1-, ‘- U

I N _ '.' , v - r 0 . -. . ~
I , , - . . . -. ‘ . . . 9 . !_ _.‘ .' . 'v ‘5 .-| - '. I a .. ..‘ f a . ‘ o . .. . . 0‘ I. o . - .g . r‘
""“'" " I "' I ‘. l I" . t“J“‘-'. 1‘ IS’I’.LI I! "” .‘. .J;1k'J..‘ 51-) u) :"-.! 4.0- .I-f..I.. '...-.,, ~1-1I. ‘.E is: 3

. '.‘ I I - I I " - - 'I . . . I O" 0' r s. ' a" .-‘ . . . v —' - ,. . r ... ' l‘. ' .
‘5‘. 'J ‘ ‘ ' 5 I'I'O‘O'I‘ UH‘ J ‘un‘ ~«.5 0‘ oIllt . in (3.! J R’;‘ ‘.I\) \‘I ;;.I I.I';’ .-'.. .‘..t {'.'l‘; ‘.v If. 3‘) ..- :}II-I. II ‘-

,-,., ”_.. ...-t. , . . '-'. I-I ( [I .....‘y g. .- ..':.. .f‘ .f r! I-;- ..‘}... _-..
'-"~ ‘ . -- "L -.I I ‘.'-ni'rl .1. J 4 ~ ‘w' ‘40- .J‘1~I’I'I- dirt-C- *' " I“ a- un- . i.‘(-'.‘ 5‘ Eofl-I.)n "

 

54
Egghig-AgglphdMinocgga; These soils are located in the low

or depressional areas which generally are somewhat poorly
to poorly drained. Its surface has a texture of a rather
thick loam to a silt loam. The underlying subsoil is of a
coarse sandy loam. In the extreme western portion of the
Lake perflmeter, the subsoil is coarser and may grade into

sand and gravel within 42 inches of the surface.

The upper story of this loam and silt loam may vary from

20 inches to over 60 inches. Usually coarser textures can
be found around 36 inches. The poorly drained soils are
consonly found to have thicker deposits of the fine textured

materials .

There is often a slight increase in clay content just above

the till, however, restricting pans are uncommon.

The topography of this management area is of a low lying
andnearly level condition. In the depressional areas, the
slopes are concave and gentle with slopes ranging from 0 to
4 per cent. In places the surface may appear to be some-

‘what pitted.

The inclusive soils in this management area have a shallower
'upper story then the predominent soils and are generally

coarser throughout the profile.

 

- ‘_‘__

 

 

1:11

xfi’w

 

 

\
an

‘ ’I u ' b a " ' I I! . . I I I I
. -. - . -- g ' v a 0 b1 sf ' Iv - - ,' _» ..' ‘ ~ ":~ f
‘ .'.. " .i 1-, ..‘..)e.‘ .'.‘o.'.. .'-‘I. s,.-.--1 . . ALA . . 1‘ "'.l...- .' --‘ " "- .’
\r - O s- . ~-- g -.m 0 -'.-III. 0' .- o - . .-.
' I I ' ‘ ‘ ‘ ' I ' ' “‘ ‘ : i ‘I " I‘ s Q II p v ‘ I. ' '~ - ‘ I I; .' 3 u " a
‘I -'_ _. ' 1‘ I‘ .'o ,-.',| .3]. .I. \4; I" . . .:' Ii-.. .'. {I} .‘. ‘i: } ‘.’ lax-I. ..‘ .-I.I‘«) QIs ' : " . I x ,5 CI. s s; . ’I 9.. _N J ;
~ .
. vs . ' _ v u -. .
g .- . . _ r. . a-~ .. .. ‘ a. . ‘ ,~ ... .‘ aw- ’ u- r- .
o~ '1. ~'I I' o. 1.. u-uK-I -" u-I Iv. .ols. 0‘ ' I-I )-|-- a 0'- ‘. ..'.-r.- J. . *4“. ‘.‘-I Ll - {a‘ .I. -45‘L
s 5 ‘ a ‘ 5- , a n. .‘v
n‘ 3 - ' ’. 3" é a I ° ‘ ‘ ‘ . I a I'l." I ,I. a I .
~ f .' I" ’..chx -'. -‘.‘I‘ .;,§' ' ' ~"I‘ I - ' ‘-1 ... I -~ . I‘ In. I”..- Ru D" t \l s I“.o-& 0’4
I- - .I n ‘.'I . IIp-s’I uh) \-I 3 1‘ .'— j v' .I v" v I“ - ' -~—~I r .-I) —).A~-. ‘.’-L . PI. Jd. I ~" ‘ “' ~II ‘1
a I. 4 a. '- ' . . r
' , . r.s"- ~-, 9o. 7‘. 5" ‘:r. , r- .-\ I .- .- _ I... . ‘ I- ,~ - .. . .. .’
{..‘. ;.-..\. .” ..--.I ...‘u: I-J. ...: ... ..'...k “ .I ‘zo;I- .--..iJw-mj": .‘:.J ‘ ..‘~. \ .‘. ... J‘:
' u
‘ - 9 n f. O , .. '
V'd ~~ ' '. '. 4. .' ' I | ' ' 5 -1 ‘ u "|-'.' ' 3 .'-
. a . ._ - . “ '..‘.‘ . ‘J Q .‘.l\—’.I.. .’. ”I. I .'. .’-. .~' 1 I -'.. n ..‘"
, ‘. . '.- . ,. , -..- t _‘r ..' . ;.;._- :3. ‘.’. r- ‘ -'. w
. . ..' - ' -aonI} t I! ‘I ‘ '.J‘ .. I.‘ .‘I. .1- 7; t " ’.‘ ~ ..‘.I”. \-'.‘LJ -.(' n. '-. .. .I ’ . —‘
‘a - § .
r v ' "I ‘f ' s P III‘ 5 rI " ‘II a
_ s - ‘ s . .' - v t . ‘ . v I I v
‘ 0.3 :. .‘.3. . . .. .. “--.. o" -.' I:-'__‘.III‘ U .L...¢.l.‘..’l.~. \!*c‘ V.-." '....” «'.. 1'1. Li
‘
' I I I I P ' u 3, p f; " .. ' . ;
‘ ~' ‘ fl 1 - -“ ‘ .’x ‘-- n“‘ s . I.‘ - 4, ' ‘s a A
'..}; renal”; v‘ 3”,. .--!) ‘(.~.-.{..".-" gun». .I., ”will '.'. -‘lJ-xal'-.ss “Lulu,
. -. ' . a y - s , A
.. . . 1 ‘ i n : _.. - ~-, ‘ 9.- of » ..‘ ,- .‘. , .3 .-v .u '\ O. ~ .,, ‘--- ~ I .5
. . -'. s) J). ..V. .'. ..’: a- k.) C-Ie'a.-\.«(.-I C-II ‘v' as-l-JJM‘... ‘ Iu.‘ :. I3 .-I!‘ {o ‘l -I ‘.SIJIV. —I~ Y.. ‘1. '
. t
a' . . .
. ‘J‘..- Ila. —t-
v ‘ H u . n I n I 0
"l ‘. " 'I u‘ ' ' .- "'1 I , \ . “-,n. 's- s 0 - : ’.. .. v. .. ‘
.- U (I‘ I. ' I ..o-‘ u it 3" |4I ('-' 'hI 1-. - ' I ~.'- - ’ ' a... «-' -.‘II; .1. u;- '.II-In .v. .'.a Y» 1 1' ml . ’.’ Ii." - '
u , - ‘ - p o .
, _ ~ ‘ ‘, - a- . ‘ _ V_ - -.‘.. ' - .- -, .' .g p' . ....
aka: -2 't ..’...‘2 ‘-'En (Jail)? ' l..'J .‘.. ..J \‘.1-.'. ‘ . “I . ... 1.1 ‘.'e. 4'.
Q
, II ' ; ’“l I ‘.I .I’ v p -I . fI ‘ II :III ‘53 I ’ ~I‘I ’ III ‘III I III" I III II‘ "I IIv' "‘I. . ‘ — I.
{ ‘— ._ . Ir‘ .‘. I -'. .J - \. I.-'\ l ... .1 ‘- pus-J - A. 4- ‘_ 1' I 3!... '. (al‘ ~ .5. {at} 3 1." '..! ..-.- IL", OJ
5 e " . _.
v I [I ‘ W .‘ f. | ‘ r~l ;-"‘ - ‘.‘ ,- I ' -I ‘7'” .'. -. II ' I .v :' .'. - g : ’.‘ “a ;- Y.’ roe: .. ‘
~nJ ‘ '. I“- -v-. -oI. ol’floI‘ In lP‘IA' I --‘ '.’ ‘ I‘ -:ht§‘ ‘4‘}. . :oIk' .I ‘9‘; 0 A 2,‘I ) .‘.... I» .’.“. i A .‘.‘3,.I,J
' ‘b
.\ .. . »‘ . ,. - .. . . . r '-‘ " .' . . V
, - i ‘ ' -‘ I. - ‘ s' , ‘ ‘ . i ’ 1 -s n t ‘ .- ' r1 -__-
. -.- "'. .. ..lJ.v.,..l.~-.!. 64' (3.5.... hum", .‘safmfi‘n 'ln’a -9)” 13"3- .-.'.n c1
. “ I
., " r' “ " -~-‘p " "r. .: , -‘-. .. .... -" ' -- . .. .
'1‘ I I I“ " III" I"" " ‘ II I .I ' I :I‘ I“ 'J "1.,. I ’ .5" -—“IL I\" I D I.". I II..I.. . 0.1- ‘..., u
s r ‘-
. ..‘-s '.’/r
. ha a ’.‘, ._" -1, a .
I
s
‘ - ‘ s 'a H e t r s
I. 1' v‘,‘ s' ."f' ‘- ‘ | .u-. I '- - ~ -'- . . ~ ..
.tlr..'...--—I" '.. I 'VI-:A ‘7 fl-.al ‘.‘" .1. .'.3 ‘2‘, I. .'. ‘.--.'.; ;.__ 0.1.-I \‘(J ,J‘ _ v :51‘112.-.‘
. s . . '
' ' I ’ '.' n . "‘ r. r .' ‘S 4 . ‘ ‘ 'I' ‘ . 1“. T - - I 0" -‘ I.; ~ '
. ’ ' J ' I . . o ~ ’ , ‘ . l . . . - _ . v . I." _ - .‘ a
'~"":" " a. J. " L‘E'J" \‘v-o ‘ \l .‘s"‘-"‘o~ . ‘.‘--..)- ‘; \‘~‘o 8:.‘s'.i ".‘. -i'. .v 1. a
t- s O . ,-
1 I i I "O '
1 \f‘ 0 a; o, .‘ ‘... .....
. -I-~ A. .-.L c -'5 '. ‘..: .4 ’d‘n‘ \ . ’(I v r dI-'-"

-.., _.
. -'.-..ou

, a.
.-x‘ .-
‘ .‘. .

.
Ja- t.

....
.~ . .
..‘

.

.

..
-‘

9'- -

55
Organic Soils; The organic soils are the last of the Soils

Management Areas to be studied on the Chippewa Lake, and its
adjacent lands. They are the smallest of the entire group
and are predominantly made up of depressional areas filled
with more than 18 inches of organic matter. The areas
occupy the old river beds or stream channels, inlets or bays
of larger bodies of water are also classified in this

management area.

Generally, these areas are of a strongly acid make-up with
only sphagnum, leatherleaf, and poorly scattered black

spruce being able to survive. There may be some encroach-
‘ment of willows, white cedar and tag alder where the organic
'material is less acidic. Usually the organic material is
sedge peat and with some woody peat occupying the more produc-

tive areas. The Ph of this area ranges from 5.8 to 6.2.

The topography of this management area is always flat as
'flhese soils are usually located in areas where the water
table is only a few inches from the surface or they may be

in many cases a floating mat.

The soils survey made by the U. S. Forest Service covered
a total acreage of 56,000 acres. The remaining 16,150 acres

were water. The breakdown of soil management groups are:

. "7‘7

 

 

t

l

”was:

 

 

llwam1

(

v.

o

.

, ...
‘I 9..
u

U

.. .. ".‘_ .1 ‘4- I.
‘- 1’
<.,’ - ‘ ,
, 'V . v.
. _...11' ‘ -, .
.
u ., .
‘
ov— ‘a ' .5 . ' - ' It
9
1 ' Q
. r» I f
.1 . .I . I -'
-- n
' . fi ' ~ ‘ V
‘ ‘4‘ ...l--. ( "-..-.-“
. .- . .
c I‘
~ _ A .- |.- J; . .
5 N
*‘o ‘ . . r
. 'e'~ 'v‘..“ ‘ I . ’1
I' " U v
‘ . , ”t ‘. . .-, ...-'..
' .‘..\‘ A )J ‘ .‘l
.
. _ A .. ‘ . ‘
. - IA. ’ 2“ ‘(fi.. Iig'
. j _« u»
‘3‘. .' . ‘.’. \. ‘-
~
_ . ' "3.1 ‘17~’ 1‘. " - 0v.
n‘-'. .A- .l -I< .).,' d» .v
. u
.. . A- . -
' ‘ I .' 2‘- .
" ‘ >s¢
'1 - h
o. "
.' o H I),
.. .
* In ' .' .. -' 1‘-
.”- ‘--'..-" ‘.~ 4 a'. .1 I,
\
. o - L
i I 0 Ir '
‘.. -.'~ ,. I . ‘ \A.J
‘ " '~ ‘ f. ‘;"_ '
I .1 -{ Lu. ‘.
‘.-
§
4‘ W ' 'v" ‘
\.‘ x .? ..‘ - ‘a .r’ .
' O A
r i 0 I -‘

|,A\.c-.

 

O

-; -i

I

. _ “
“I. _

‘3’ \

. ,‘
, .
- .-. y

'I t

.11-..’

('1
-¢
{w

'.' .’.“
‘51
(H ‘4:
.t . .

‘
I ‘ ‘ -‘
. u ‘.‘.o‘

3,_
. . I ‘
r

’.
'5' {o
f . 0‘ ‘

C
N
Na.
'.-
.‘~l

.t.
‘1’.

\
8 .
nu-"
.’;'.
.'f-l
VI‘
I
-.‘.
Kit
4. ,
L as“
‘Q
'("'.:'l-.

’\
n
.

r Ac,-

'9‘

u.

a ,1

v
n
7,..1
.‘.

..‘M

-‘
‘x
..
.I
;

a-,
"‘ ‘ .
. i

. ‘ ,
§- - .-
L.
l
. ,.
..'-l '.‘
l
.. ..'. ‘
'.' \I '. .
l ‘ ‘ N ‘
...!'att
.
‘ O
‘. ‘r '
n 4 .'.' \
.
0" I 1 '
J -. .

- ., 1 . .‘ .._
.
L4 .’.. ~. _r...‘ . .' I

t
V '.‘!I'
I.
I o— i
v
,4.

I P
, , *-
(1- ~~-’
1w -
1'3
’ i
113...
..-.( .
c, .’..
‘31- ‘
.
‘ h
Lhwl
.. '3'
a 'oul

,_ ‘ .'5‘ I
1‘5: 4...
n
a; I )‘N
\’.l .. .l-‘-=.‘J
v
' _ . .
( II r .1..
'_ . .
. $ 1.
C \A"
, .
(A- ‘.‘-1 ...
4 '-

.. 0 - y o
I ‘ l .
1.......-..-‘. 5

. .

4“ ' ‘

so-Iol.‘. v'-‘-‘
I

r 1", I

.‘.}.4 5"! 2.".

" I

7 a [.4
‘.‘ ..‘: 'J: \
:_ ‘ . -

‘a : i .. . ‘.'
_- v
. u. u .0 .
,‘ . n
)o-o .. k.

\-

_ n
O C I
. u
. , , -
I O D ‘-o‘ -' - ' & o. \. -
, l.
1.1. .. ‘1 . ‘ C. ' J.
’ : v . f‘ t.
. c‘ -‘ ‘1 . J - .‘. - ‘.
1
.O O a " "\
- ' 3... RIP!) -" .‘
.'.
.l . .
I II. " ' T
‘5‘ 4 ~‘ ..' --‘ ‘ a ..‘- .
r q ‘ 7
. ..' _ ~. o a
#1..“ ‘ ..‘...) \ !'_ .txl
- r .‘ .-
‘ \ “A ‘ ‘ yo , -
I.—‘. ' "3'3 .’. ‘~ . l-‘. ..' (‘..:
1' .‘., .‘ .1 .‘ , ..‘ ,A
‘.J- - -L 3*; y“;‘ 1‘. .'. . '.'-J.‘
_ I
1‘ kw: , .
‘.. ‘ v-‘ t '. -'.. I» - ' ~ 1
\

 

’ a D
.. .'. ’ '.‘ _ ' ,.
mi.) -,1.‘ ".n 3. - _ -_
r 'r v “ «
t1 ' '1 -‘..‘. -‘ ‘v . y‘ .5 .s .
O U. ‘
‘ I ;. " - ’
‘ ‘ I'- U‘. .‘. ‘.‘ i -' '.’ Du¢ n
¥ ~ .
. '1 ‘ I ‘ -'- r. ’
'. K I v ‘1 ‘ , “I. . '
I - ,
' . ‘ ‘ '. ' -.
...t. . fl .1 )_ (u ' . .~ .A
Um I’ ,. .. . (”'.. ' -' ‘ .‘
‘I— ~& .’ . ‘.. ' .-’ -';’ .c
5 .
' t
n ’0 ’.‘ v. ' _(.r, _, '.—‘
. .1 N -s.‘. Q. . .4 4a v
- I 0
fl 1. _ ,.. . ‘. f. ,..f
D ‘ -.‘» g. I... n '-': .-‘.’4.’
C
‘t I, ' A. ,A. a. ‘ ‘ D
3! "a ~‘-A.‘J '1~-';Ll" \I.
'.'o .s..
' J ...- J‘; ‘. 7 1
.' . ,
1 r0 ‘ I :\ ' .-- " , ' .'.-
. , ‘ . . I, .1. §.~.’ '.'») ,
| (GI . ‘.‘ ‘ ‘ _ '
‘ I .

56

Acreage of total survey area. . . . . . . 56,600 acres
, Total area of land. . . . . . . . . . . . 40,450 acres

Total area of water . . . . . . . . . . . 16,150 acres

 

 

Soil Management Area Acres Percent of total land
Stambaugh-Goodman 9,920 24.6
Pence-Padus 17,800 43.9
Crivitz-Vilas 2,650 6.6
Almena-Poskin-Minocqua 5,880 14.5

Organic 4,200 10.4

Totals 40,450 100.00 25

 

The following three pages are charts showing: Table VII
"Soil Qualities and uses of Soil Management Areas", Table VIII
"Relative Producitivty of Soils for Tree Growth", Table IX

"Rating Factors for Recreational Areas".

The five Soil'Management areas along with their various

locations are shown in Figure XI.

Minerals

The State of Wisconsin is not considered to be an outstand-
ing mineral-producing state. In 1961 it ranked 34th amoung
the states producing only four tenths of one per cent of
the United States Total. The total mineral production for

Wisconsin in 1962 is shown in Table X.

 

25Ibid; p. 6.

.
‘,
" C
. ..
' t i. _ . 0 ' _\ ..‘": . ' .‘n' s " ' -. . .- .U’r.
I - . _ ‘ a t. ._ . . . . . ' ..‘-‘1.s.¢§ I, ..’ tJd‘J J,a~-" . - ‘r' . ‘ . .‘
.,, ..

. -. -. . "\ 3‘5 " "4': r .0. Tnfi.’ 1

Al I. . ’. ‘.'.J n (a (

‘ a . . » a ‘ s

. .. 1 . - .. ' I- I ~ "
L.- .'.. 1 .“ ‘1‘”,9. ‘ '1‘... g g g g g . . g g . . 1:3.“ .' .‘ ..‘-J I.‘ J .' fl .. )M.‘ I -.'.

~-_~--~"~—_---_~—---~~--‘--—~~-—----~---—---”..‘-~."4_—-~~-‘-—-.----

 

, "'I----— .1. 9.11.. ... o -w- .... . - ' -ua-wvw-o.‘—cv ..vo. . u. an. .- - —~r- ‘ .--~-.”’C~o. ---u ..'”-v-Co- ~u~.“‘- - n~—--~-- Q O- g. -
- a ", g .
-. ' . . . ‘ . . . ~ .‘ . n- _. . ' 0 . I ' O .
. ' | . . _ '_ .
- r , . ...; _ - I) . _. . . . . -u ‘ ‘ ' . ,‘ -
u b v ,- a O- n v' I 0.. m. r o v s o n g a. o Q ~ 0 n u s. ~- . a Q . U .~ I " . gr“ .0 ‘.. c -. Q .7 .‘-"‘ .g ' 0 in... - -. .2. . -~¢
:
41.9. .1
'-_ . ' .. . 4! ‘ '
- t , . .
g l , _ ‘ I _4 ‘ ... !‘. ' . .-' ’..} _ ¥
‘ l ' l . ~ -10 . . ‘ . u! ' . ‘ ‘ A~ -' " ,
v I. u . .
0 I ’.r '. ' - . -
I ' . . .-" 1'" ‘ " ‘ .. l' ‘ ’-r‘.
U 4" ' " ‘-‘ c " I. ‘
. J \D -.‘ p l ‘0 ..., I I .‘.- g - ks
-
i ' . .. | ’
. . a .. . v u
» ' l 3 f. "3‘. '.'“ -- ' r.‘ -.': .
E a. . a -. ~v~ ‘ ~. 5.: ' .. . . .. ‘-.-..-.tlao a ....a ‘1‘ -
'I. ..
__i ’ . 0‘ 1. f ‘I ‘ '
_a
I ' -- - ' - -'~
I I O o p v 0 ~ 0 - -<‘r or. -‘- Q». h...
s
q \ j \ (~- . (.' ’ j
’ - . "-'.-- .' -I ‘ i ' ‘ .'. .’- ..

i1 'v'

 

 

n.....& no- w.» - nut-won- ‘. a. u - r c a --.'~ 1.0“. '-0 - ‘--“ ..‘.-0t- ~”--¢‘- ' .‘- -‘.Q' .- .- tu‘ .‘.-n.- .. '\--- D- quH “a. .a ... -'.-'5‘-”
"' v ‘ V . ‘ so?
. I “ i c ‘ ‘ ‘ 'f! e . ' ’I '4- - ‘0 _ a" . 'a ' _ I u
...- u . . .. l ..u.. ...:. :‘r..‘..l -'.... ’..f" o. ...).J (.3 -I , 1‘. -\".d.."-.- .4 .
_ _‘ . ‘ ' _ .I . .‘ .l ; -\ . . 1 I " a -, - t " ‘ 2~ - l
2 , .-. . . , u s , ' ‘.. .‘. , , ' _... , . 6‘ . ' . . . 1 -‘ - . . '.
-3" . _ .l .’- ‘ x [k '- .Ji} .‘.;- “ IJ-u‘. . .;,--(. _.. \. 0. 1“. .3) -~K.‘X 'l .- ----.. J) . -; '.‘ .
' . - _,_l _ ‘7 n- a . F . < ;. .1 7 .
I 7 l " . ' - ' ,~ . : ' ‘7 1 ', -’ 3 ' _' ' l '. ~ 'f’ ' - ', I; ~""" 13'. ' '.“ 4‘:
.. .’.]. ‘.. c b .4 C‘. .‘,‘ . . f . .. _‘A,€_-. 0“-.-; -"A a \3 x.» J-A. ‘1 o‘- ~..‘.- ~'~- ‘.' - .. ..~ ‘5’ J. u‘l'-'u .‘
I ‘ I ‘1 l‘ u
- ., . . . . - ‘ r P
~~a ~I - . . -'~'o . l .'. a ' I.
. .4 J I. n. . . ~ )I‘ f
. ‘.. ,, t .- : ..‘. 'lo‘o",.-J .'0-‘ ..'.~-‘ ‘ J. .'. ‘.'-‘la‘Q- r A '- - \ ..'
g
I a ‘ 3 ’ I " ' r . ' "1 v
x" ‘v' v‘ 1 “ A .' ., < 1“. ‘ I" - ’..‘5 "1' .43”) -‘- .‘4 u ' 3" '
\ ..a' ‘,_ _- ..'l 4.-. a. ‘.3 ‘. ..:-..‘ ‘7 '..‘1,, J ..';./ .4 J ‘a:.‘ 5“...‘ t I _‘._." ',. "_- J _4
1 " . “" . '. .. ' -. '
‘ ‘ “ o ‘ ‘ K. ( I f 4 1 . .'a 0‘. .
Q... . « - a. sac. 14°. ...‘. .0-..“ b.o-.\..~.Ali .\ .4.
I
i
I
1
v o
a ‘ fl . .
‘.- ' -
can- ... ow. ov-
'- ...l _. -‘ I ' ‘ ‘9 ' *. r ' v ' -.‘ I O r g u. . ..
a. . - . ' I ' ‘ ' - ' " " ‘ ' " ’.- . -
~ ' '.' 0. ‘ljb'i. ..'. I a ..u k's.' ' ~.' ,-3 .uQ—.L.'|I . 0"“.6 (--' f;-‘.'.-3‘ .’s~- ' . 'a: - .1. A. t ..1 -'
. . . . . ‘ .. .. .. , .- . '
”VI. - ‘ - . , -,_ .,,. . - _ ' , .. .‘. . _ .‘~.~, ,. J .... .- .
. ..I ‘l , l , ' n -,
. I-‘ " :0 - a a ' ‘ L '_»- i. —- as c: " -‘. {‘-. .23.- .'...- gp . 'a., -‘-J- .1. '. -’. a.) ..‘. '1'.',' -‘.v ‘....
I
l
L ' ‘ ‘ ' 0 :V ‘ ‘.‘ *
‘ l‘ ‘.. -- ‘. . , '1‘ .‘. v~ ' _b . ( a _ .. "' v ,e. .~_ -‘ ,‘- . _ - —.
-L‘! .t.. '-‘ o - .\; -“_“.S \' ‘.3.:‘)v' ’.., ...” fl .. ... .-!I\. ‘. ’I., ‘a'-.u"'. ..‘ (‘.‘ d:““_} 4 ii -
h .-
. r .. . w r. v. . ., .
, " . w '. -.. I)» '.';“Y ...-..’. ’ ' l.) “_. ..'. .‘.. ’.‘I’I- I .... A.’I \. .. ..' . , J
_...7 _, ,,_< d,.,‘..:..'..-,.. . ...;0,L.flu,,.,;.. ..'. It... ... .,‘J..- ..i?.‘-0'.’.‘. I. l-ir.’-4 ...L) .-4 .
- ‘ ' ~ I . ~- 0 . .
' 1. TV”. . -- - l i p - - -.
‘ '- 'i ‘ . 4 l " ‘ "
. . 0.-.“...J.'. J.. . ..I. )a‘- (... .- I 4. 1A.". an-.9..1 { -I"..

.'-- F-‘I: - -.‘-...... -‘- -- o. .n‘ ...-.4. .0. ¢ an. .r-p .

 

 

57

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

. oauuuowoh mo amigo .7516 :33 03a ling-«F: Mom...
30.— ouauovo: uoom uoom uu-uov n3: swam £3: nunuovoz 3o..— nou< 0.2395
, can
33 304 uoom uoom nag: ounuovoz ..uovo: Guano—54 sud.— 304 3.: 3.6005:
. A saxoomuocnug.
30A 30A 0000 Hank Juana—uni 33 :3: 3o.— +uouovoxfi 33 no.3
ouaw>uuuu>wuo
Gun
33 cacao—vag— vooo 0000 :3: 33 swam gnaw—yo: STE—yo: rou< 2.0.3-008.—
3303: :3: 38 .58 :3: “.3303... an“: :3 a»; :3: 3.2 5338
nuaanaum
u
H 0 0 9 8 H n 1 M H ... H 8 d
um mm mm m?” w? m... w” mwm mm mm
mm mm. ..N umw Mme ow M3 umo um un
O N H. N w 9 V O . ...» mu 3 3 U 0 0 0
A ... _.. .I
<um<
mom<~<x pzuzuo<z<z
ozq 3:325 ...om 295303 $33.; $23 mums: ...om

 

 

 

 

?

 

 

m4mm< kzu2m6<z<2 Izom no mum: 02
a w4m<k

< mm_._._..<30 ....Om

 

-

..

r.
1

,
m... . - . m) ..
....0: .10..-.3‘.h.1.

- Q _ In.
... . .
f‘ a . ...u : ..

.5

. .. . v . .
.. . 1| .L .. ,\. ... \. V...
.
_
. I .In . .
‘ . . .. J...
.\ ! k 4 $ .‘.. ,Q ..
.
_
n. .L .l. ... . ,
. r ... . _ .
. c . I... v. ...
V
.. D | ‘.
u . w
.. . .. h»!

.
. x
_
. . -
o o
. . .
‘.. '.... v
a! I. ‘. A.
.v
a ... v. :..v
' a
' .
1.. v \
n a ~- I
‘1. . 1.. .
. r1 "I11

 

I ..I‘A , . a.

.
_ ‘ ' l
_
- I n ’0 \
u I. I) .. v .I I ~
A . n I
.‘. {Lg f... y . ..
a
f
a; . .

 

 

578

TABLE VIII
RELATIVE PRODUCTIVITY OF SOILS FOR TREE GROWTH

 

FACTORS INFLUENCING TIMBER GROWTH

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

TIMBER
PRODUCTIVITY I
sou. NAME CLASSES MOISTURE BRUSH wmo
AND sou. HOLDING COMPE- SEEDLING THROW
SYMBOL TREE TREE FERTILITY CAPACITY TITION MORTALITY HAZARD
SF SF
de. Aspen
S-G Area
Stambaugh silt
loam II II Medium High Severe Slight
Goodman silt
loam I II Medium High Severe Slight
P-P Area
Pence sandy load III II Medium Medium Moderate Slight
Padue loam III II Medium Medium Severe Slight
C-V Area
Crivitz loamy
fine sand V II Low Low Slight Slight
Vilas loamy sard' V II Low Low Slight Slight
A-P-M Area
Almena silt loan III II Medium High Severe {Moderate
Poskin Silt Loam III 11 Medium High iModeratL oderate
Minocqua loam IV III Medium High Moderate Severe
Org.Area V V w- High Moderate Severe
edium

 

 

 

 

It}

57b

 

 

'DABLEI IX:
RATING FACTORS FOR RECREATIONAL AREAS
NASE'LAND TREEI-‘LI-C- coianA'cT. SANITATION
SYMBOL ABILITY ABILITY
S-G Area
Stambaugh sil Fair Fair Fair
Goodman sil Fair Fair Fair
24’ Area
Pence sl Good Good. Good
Padue 1 Fair Fair Good
C-V Area
Crivitz Good Good Good
Vilas Good Good Good.
A-P-M Area
Almena sil Poor Poor Poor
Poskin sil Poor Fair Poor
‘Minocqua 1 Poor Poor Poor
Organic Area Poor Poor Poor

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

II til

..Ie‘K)

.3
I
I
s
_I
I

 

 

‘I i
III-(In :‘fivj

' ‘. r‘

Ier‘. Ik.I\J, '
‘I '. . «u .~
(1‘). .I'i(J

' , . ‘I V:- . '.‘
‘05: ‘ ' i"
-- A ‘ .3. a. I

I
.( V ._, .. - f"
,. ‘sl , I -."l‘! ‘l
0‘ ' 'l I l

- O\ p
\_ _ ‘J .J .. I II
' 0
(~ ' .-
9 . - .‘---‘I

' . A, I :I

P . _ \e

a ‘ ' ‘t v

{1“"7 I ~". -,'.

v: - --.v‘. m.”- o

0 ' '.‘
cf‘ "~ ' 4, '\ - ":
.J- -. ‘ A . '.'

--. ..-.-1- -.- --J—.—-o —

 

 

 

0.xbono

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
 

 

—‘-

 

YY.

4scoozéazxwon«gage_ L-

 

 

 

 

 

 

58

TABLE X

Total mineral production in Wisconsin, 1962

 

Minerals Tons
Sand and gravel 24,408,000
Stone 19,709,000
Iron ore (figures undisclosed)

Zinc - . 13,292
Lead 1,394
Clays 137,000'
Abrasive stones 569,000

Source: Robert W. Finley; Geography g§_Wisconsin; p. 34.

Figure XII shows the mineral distribution by Counties within

the Northern Highland Physiography Region.

In general, sand and gravel are the only mineral deposits

being used at this time in the immediate vicinity of the

Chippewa Lake. There are some granit quarries within the

region, but because of their proximity to the Lake, their
importance is not pertinent to this study. The sources of

sand and gravel are largely from water laid deposits resulting from
glaciation. Deposits were laid down between outwash plains

and marginal moraines.26

takers and moraines which provide the area with much of

its visual beauty are utilized as a source of gravel and

 

26Robert W. Finley; Geography'gg‘Wisconsin; p. 37.

--‘ I l I '- t ‘(‘ 'I . ' I' . o . '.'" ‘ 't ' ’ .' . .'. ' I . I." .l .
..':“.-. {‘..-‘... ‘.;\.'~-T_'-.n~o ...—L ‘: \,. .‘.-37.41.. L ..' 4)». ‘.‘t..-".5 ‘ .'hv' ‘1' I.
I

.‘-“—~-—----—-~..-~—--~~-——H-~-_-------‘------~----‘~---------

..A-.. -..-..‘ g... ...-.‘I ‘ .-..a....~- -.‘.-'.’. -.---4.—--.- ....e. ----.-- 0 .-..’-—.-n- .n. _-v-O h...‘ -.. -.’---'...OI-‘g -

. , v1 .
\‘1“ .L ‘o-- - I .3
n ’0'. O O -. O 0.”.-n. -.. .‘.... .. :g-o . Cal-.‘- 0. ..'- *0: ...-.-0‘ '..-'0“.- -... Q-I-un.-”‘--~.- -.-u ‘ - n I -~- -0--‘ c
. ' . .. o
_ ~4 -‘ ‘ ,, -9..u . ~ ‘. .- a
. ‘ I I . - . | ' I '7'
' .A 1‘: ‘ ‘v 4- Q" ‘ 1' .I J V U g'a, ‘.’-‘o I'OL J I

'

a v y ,0' . I '
. I. . 4. ._ . -4
.,‘i «,1, .-'.: , ,',,I_ haunt ..

' P . . . . I . . . . . u. x w. o. . | ‘ .. e ... .. >-
- {... WI Inf... ...»..II. ) .1 .0 In. .~.
..'. . .’-L :1-(o. '.

‘ ' ‘ \- é.*.’(*(.:'0‘fn f.’\'.'. {IL}... (E:—

O-IOYOH..- O-O ’.. - arm I ..I'. . Iv.’ -~--C O-Q-DM -'.-lono—Q-‘UDOCC ...... ou-Ia-O . -..r-U--o-.~. .0. .0 -‘- '.'-‘h'- 0 ON. o...- D.‘.

 

...
..'“
...-
‘-
A
J
.

I . e . ._0 .... . . -
4 . a a. o . - ._w - e .- rava- g-‘.. I 0‘ ‘. n u: ' . - ‘ ._ u
.- -. . . I-H...._._ --.'I: ..‘-.'.» - '_ '.IJU. . '..“ :‘I til".
i . ‘ \. . -' k: ‘...-'...». -4.-4-4‘ -‘.. 0&10- «~- l‘v‘9>~v - . ‘ ‘5 ‘ . . ‘3‘ t . ”-14 1

.. ‘ _
.\ ‘.-.‘i.-.o. ... s .'s‘

'-
."
._-
L
l
C
l
'.
L.
-.'
{1
'
l
I
I
1:.
n
a
p
.. 3
L '.
:.
it.
.e
.,, ‘
l s
’..
I. ,.
0
§ \
- ‘
'.—
5A
b.
F.
U.
'.
—~
‘~
'V
b.
- 4
L
1"
c.
h
L
'0
Ir .
I
U
I'
..'
I
I
r-
‘H
' I
g
\-

 

. « u p - - - ~- I -
‘ .~ .. , "'- "' , '. ' I " ' ‘r Fl 7 'i I" -~ 0‘ - . V‘ " L I '.'-1'" ’~ ‘ 1‘1 " I " . ‘
"O‘-~'a.\ ~‘ ‘-‘ I .‘- M'J-- ‘filn‘ ‘ L.‘ {4 ‘5‘ ‘ ‘ e ., ., Jen. *';‘ Ja‘-l-‘.~ L r! If; ‘.' . .‘IIZJ ' 13.25; ‘Hl:x“ ‘.‘-‘—
I'
I
I
e . a I . C . I . f
I -I u . 7‘ l‘ ' -. o — ‘ ' 0’. ‘ -_ ‘ u _ D... - ., u ' . . ' .~
I I '..' . N; “1“...“ ".’./V --. '1- I‘ ' u .‘_ ‘3' J H' ;.I.-...‘ . .-‘ .I ..H. Lin-(L!) '4 u-- wt
4 .
|
I ‘ I. '.' Q h . ' . " ('.. I s- .
‘. ..,r ' .4- . ', " V." _U.‘.Q-:~: . I.I . .... . 0 ~- ..' .4 n . .v_o.-_ , _ 4’, t a. -.’, - . '1
I --‘~.~' it-.;.-u.. '..‘ (.‘"-‘- -'~ .l‘l-"“"£' w -e I 4".'(‘, "‘1 (1“; “5 -\:..’ :J. .‘..3&:d'e .’lJ-Ds'l }.I"‘i-“.(Iv 1:".
H
A - t " o‘. v I ' $ - 1 ~23 -- .I- .4 I v - II. b r .. '- '. ' I' t ‘I\"
‘ -‘ rs ‘ ..‘; ‘ ads '5 o-‘.ln.. k \g .3 g ‘I ‘. t; ’3' ‘ . , ‘ | '..t ..z.‘ . .‘. i 1:; ‘3‘, ,V ‘! 3; J .-‘.- . ' g.
‘ 5 . t ., .
I
O
. . um . .-- t ‘ .- - , ‘ . - ' ' ’
I . v ‘ - ~ ~ -‘ .0 '.‘] . - I v ., ,. ' . . ’.' . '.'.o 0..
I ""v‘ “ J" .‘£.'(.~. ~-,‘~-‘- O . ) "~J‘3 V-.." m! ‘.. ..‘-.0 .lzinka .'.-\L‘ “‘.'-Ll Dan. :1: “1'14" .1! "' -K
. . a
I
U. U I O . C U
'4 . . 4 , .--\ 4 ‘. _ : . ... . .
l w I" “ . .4. 4 . -I , . I ,. -.‘ .. 4,1... '.' . 4 4. r- .. ., o '..4 ,, , r ...‘,.-. '. . , ,.. ..
e L .1... ‘-.£_s.-....‘}va ‘.. '3‘ ..‘.{4‘ ..'.: ‘-'. ’..- .. 41"?) u . '.'—..-. ‘.’..- ’.'$!.'J. '.'- Cd 4's rs: ’ho'a-..’ Isn‘g‘g‘d '.‘..u'e-
U ' .
O . ' s P . g . - .
n ‘u . - - ‘ ' , . t o‘ I I. .
$.5'- '-.. - in. I‘ cc‘ 3‘: £J~ 1 '4 ‘ ... '1 '..I :;o{ :3 -'— " taJ.‘ We" . H— .'l ('..! :s: erS'f". )
.'\
'-'. I o y s
.4 4. .,, ’4 - . .4 -\ .. c - ‘s , , H
.I.1-‘Iai..‘-IO..‘.’A’L III”... '.l’t .3111
r I: ' 1 ‘1 u "' 1 v. 'i ‘ » ‘ , "' 'I " 'R ' ‘ . '_' In "' ,o.‘ I 9.. " a
..(J 1 --.~~' . \~A.. . ‘.'... .-’.; .3 ...I.~4.V(‘.'. : ll- - .'.-,. (Imtgxfi .1 “(MI I. 5“) a; ...}.‘l. h
9
a ‘ V . ' f . h
. ' an I . ..‘. . f 44 -. v , . . . ’.'“ , . I 4.. - a .e ..f... .. , .. . .' ,7 T "
, 4 4 . . v , . _ ‘. __ \. 4 .7 9., ... A ... ..‘ -.—
I I! I . . ._J n - .‘. ' .I - g s...‘ n . _.. .> _‘ \.. I, ‘ .‘ IN . ..’b J. ... .1. ._l v) . 9 ... a ' y- .'.} ...). O ‘: i 5.! Y J “‘... y, ‘t. .f -'.
-.-‘vvuu-o'o-o-~-I-e-- .- 0 . ..’-. «‘.-.-.H.---.-- h". -'.
'4" - a e 5. _| - - . ’..-4'.
. \ h ..v‘. 0 a", {-4. c'.'-._‘~. . 4 ;-' 2 :7 . .'.s '9‘. . I.) . ‘. . .'. '.'_. ._ I ('.'... ‘.
v I v . -- ' . - ,-. - - I‘ d -- ‘ a ' -. - J -- -'--~-K . - -
J .‘.-~eta«.-. a 4- I. . ... . ..., o '.....‘.. ._ ‘54.. ._ ‘.. ‘ y C ... . Q a .a

 

 

59

./ @Lsze/Ivrr/
// {92% f

 

 

 

 

 

—\——/0’
so 3% MICHIGAN
33 $6
I
GR so
* VILAS
so so 8246’“? - COUNTY 36 /
ss
couurv/ 3° ONIEDA . —- . '.
COUNTY 3° 9% /Z/
86 GR /v‘\

 

 

 

 

so 86 I 3° so 8 /
S
3% Li.“ ./

 

c. .93
wuscousQL b
«t
\/
MINNESOTA
IOWA
LEM;
CL ......... CLAY
u __________ MARBLE
a ---_-_---BASALT
_en ......... GRANITE
o - ........ QUARTZITE
s, _----_----SANDSTONE ‘ ILLINOIS
L, .......... LIMESTONE \ . \
ss ________ _ SAND o GRAVEL \
I .......... anon -\

Figure XII. The Mineral Distribution by Counties within
the Northern Highland Physiography Region.

 

.
‘0.
fs
'1
.‘ V
D-

, ‘
. ,t ‘o 0
\ \ .‘a' '
A .
‘ x
. . ,
0.4-.“ - - “‘
v .
..f" ‘“ .
I u
' v
.
‘I r - . ‘ ‘ ‘
4' < ‘ A
, fa .
_ .
l x v “ ..' - " I ‘
. V . " ‘ . .
.“ Q - I
f.' y .\_ ,\ - I". .
. ' v O ‘
‘HW , ‘ ‘1. _ ‘ -.... n
.. ‘ , _ ‘ r 5 t
‘..... ‘ —.- - ' .‘. ‘ Li" ‘ 4
0 . . , r‘ ,‘ .. I V ‘.
N s . - l l ‘\ . .
. . ,
‘ J ‘ (a. ’ .
l‘ I ‘
_,
.3.
7p." ‘ ‘ .
.. ‘
.. A ,- .
_.
. . ' , ' ~ . ‘ fifl
'.- ‘ K
‘1‘ g ‘
f. u
A ~ ‘ J
'3 , , .
.4. * -;
L
. ' .- _ ,3
.- . I
_ .
.', ‘ _
| .
c
, ‘ .
1 A _ ...fi -
i
.‘ . _ ‘
‘ .
I“! h v '.
'.
‘
. , .
4 I
. /_. _. a
\1 . :
_ ¢. . t
"0 5‘! I
n - ‘ - I a
.
._,t ,
. _ , .
‘ .1 _ _ ,
. ._ .
.I ' - F
~f‘r l
'1’ .
.. ‘ I
4”
4
IV
of
‘.-
.‘
V‘.
I
l
J
‘
h
i '
‘ 0
.v .
I
“ ‘_ ...
I - .
- i"
z‘ I
'. I
,l .'
n
.
l 'r' v
A "v
\
t 'l
'L
. ‘3.
,' 3*
-§
.7 u n I
A .~ ‘ «Luv-0W :‘m 1 1:965!‘ ..7le , H _. . . , ‘- ,' ‘.‘ : - ‘
l ‘ ‘
‘.‘ . .
. a-
s_ a ,
7
I—
I
.
- ' v c . y , .‘- - -o‘
l v . 1 ’- ‘ f . . ' 'u ‘ ' - ‘ ‘ s ' ‘ . I ' ‘
‘ § _ .‘_»\‘«‘ " ¢ '- lift-J ‘ . ' .‘n‘ . , x ' . ..‘ J . .' —
' ' | ‘
.. o - .' . . ‘- u ..‘-u:- - '.,’. o >_ '. '9‘
f t ' ‘.' ‘ I ,' O ‘ . a . ..'-4 . J’- .‘ ,. . i I ‘ ‘ J '
, ,

6O
sand. These land formations occur in abundance. The supply
of these minerals is greater than the present demand and

it should continue to be able to meet future needs.

IMagnetic data gathered during the original geological
investigation of Wisconsin, indicated the presence of iron
bearing rocks. The evidence was not great enough to initiate
further exploration of the area.- One reason being that the
bedrock is covered to great depths with.mnterial laid down
during the Ice Age.

Discovery of valuable minerals in the lake vicinity

is unlikely since they are generally not associated

with the types of bedrock.which are believed to
underline the area.

270.8. Department of Agriculture; "Lake Chippewa Flowage
Report”; 1967. '

aw -. AL! A

 

 

 

 

 

. ' l‘
'.’ ’ " t.
‘- a
L.~.' .-
.
I
I :-
I
' .
|
.a“ '. _
. v ,1 -
.- .. ' r
3.‘ .3- .A, 1'.L.
»\ .‘...-
-1 ..J J...‘.
.‘ £
1 '.
l‘. ‘.’.' P,-
.,
:I'
... t.
_ .‘
...
. 's A’ ‘
. .- t, ,

 

s - .
. u o - . 0‘ I I7 ' ‘ - r. . ,
I_‘“ .. " 4“ ~ I ‘ 9. -‘ -..Lo“. 1 \l‘ ‘.'-’.‘ ~ ‘. L -' ' aflJo " ‘ ‘ . ‘ "'
. ‘ .
\ ‘ u ‘l -' ' k ' ’ . I . ~'V ' '. o .‘ I
3112 " n. I' ’s -- », ‘l '.'3 w .. \‘ "-\l L. .- » - ‘. --‘ I ‘0‘ “
. . . -- 9 I- . ' . ,
— o -‘ » t ~n- “ . ‘ ‘ - ' t ' ', ' -
. ‘ I I» 3 -. - -/ v ’.. ‘.‘: '..-J ‘.’4’ _3‘ I . ' . “..'0‘4“ _ . ‘4 ..., 1". ‘.-.
‘ . . , p : .
v. .- ’. ... j ‘ t 1 ‘.., ' _ . I -v , ‘ ,~ ~ . 1‘. ~ r‘-
‘....» ‘ _.“ .-..»L'.-. -.....K’ ‘3'--.) ( i .‘ ._13 1. ..‘ .‘ ..'.‘ -.' ' .‘. up. - .
V a I ,
' . . I ' v a 0 - l I '
. ( ' , ' \ ‘.‘ " ‘ ', II" 1 W ‘ I . '. . " V) . ' 3' 3
‘l _\ 331,.” .3 ' ., I”); . .,.: I 4 ‘.‘.L.1c,flr_$..-‘t. -.‘ .’. .'. 4.0. -..“: \ .-
. . . . . o .
- .- (' \‘ . ' ' ' ‘ "‘ - ' . .I'x " - ‘."t-<‘i‘
‘ .1 A )u’!..‘.’ v' I .,,. l ‘.’}.‘J “ .' o) ‘i It A a : .’v .. . '.'vv.. (J ..‘ ‘.‘ an... u-al "J
- ' - ' n r \
. ~ .... - ‘ ‘.‘ u. .4 .‘~ ’0 p. .. .1 - , ‘.', . o. .' ‘ , .. '.'..g u‘ n .‘
-* ‘._-'.'- 7“ l tl(4.l ‘.‘. ‘.‘a.l_‘ . {int .‘th‘. ..‘ up» .’." ‘3Le— ‘1')..L-,._' .4 .’ , . ...‘ . '.
o - . . n -- l u
9' '.~' ' . .‘. ' ' a A , 9‘ ‘.' ' .’u ‘ C' \a
' 4-- _7. ' .‘ .u-‘uel.-¢’ '.'. ~ .1 I‘x v. I ‘ ’J J .I )r‘ ( J . g ‘1 ‘ ‘.- 0"v1(.' .{1 0'
, r , _ " f ~ *7
.’ ‘ ..‘.) . ..‘ . A,‘ ‘..I A‘s‘VH . .
x
. “ ' "rt (- ._ ‘ ' ‘ r. ‘n-' ‘3 c I E ‘..-D- ...‘i I‘ -. r -- '0' ' .v
.’ "— J . ‘ '. ‘-. '.‘-(s1 ‘1.“ k0." - ’ J. ‘ e x...'-’ ‘.'.1. .1" .' i. d a ‘ ~11... - '.a“ ’
' . ’ . Iv .
" -. ‘ " '. . ‘ ' ." .'. ‘ I "0 " "I “ . .' I .-
.."' (u\ I --‘§"'. " {-.. ‘18- I: '- .' o -n \ ~Io|xaj .j ‘ ¢.' ‘.4 II a}. ‘. . .'-. ..‘-J U...
u ‘ V
.4 ‘ : c-\)'. ‘ ' ‘\9' ' ‘ a- .' I' 1 ‘ - t ' ' I ' l" .'. I '
‘» .. l-~.-a-’.;..’.~.1\l 7:...a .'..d...s4v! 7'. ('-... ‘\ ...U c‘ ‘ J ,I:...J l..‘.-'I
v. .
a
.
‘... 0'... ~ ‘ 'I " s' l
. v‘._.l.-§, ...] .c ..I'.i,-,,, l' . a»
‘-‘O -o a c a --a. a...mv--.er.w-Aavh"'fi'
..'"
. ‘ ‘ I n . '- ’ . . ‘
( ' ‘ ~ .. a . 1' ..‘, s. n . , ..‘ '.. v, ‘. I. ‘. o
. ..‘L' . '. ‘ .’.-.o)m- .. ,. -.f .J 1' ". 1'. -k . ..-'

61

Flora

At one time Wisconsin had a forest that covered over 85 per
cent of the State's 35 million acres.28 The three major
classifications which covered the 30 million acres were the
conifers (upland and swamps, hardwoods (northern), and

hardwoods (southern).

0f the conifers, the white pine (Pinu sstrobus) was con-

sidered the most valuable. They were found on sandy loams
and better sands which made for good accessibility. Some of
the other important coniferous species were the red pine
Q3322 resinous}, commonly known as the norway pine, eastern
hemlock Gauge canadensis), which was sought after for the
tanning industry, and the- jack pine Q1133; banksiana) .

The jack pine was ignored by the earlier lumbermen, but later
was taken for its pulpwood value. White spruce (Picea glauca)
and the balsam fir (Abies bamsls ea) were found growing in the

northern parts with the major occurance being in the Lake

Superior Lowlands .

0f the swamp conifers, the black spruce (Picea mariana),
white cedar (Thuja Occidentalis) and the tamarack (Larix decidua)

are the domineering species, with only the tamarack being

 

 

28Robert W. Finley; Geography _9_§ Wisconsin; p. 64.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

l‘ l—
d
l
V 1
f' '
‘0 ‘ .
no.0 .. o o .
.I . J. . ' ' -‘. .
- - \ . ‘~ \ ‘ , ’v ' ' .. I‘ v .‘ - I1 ' a. u K ‘ ‘
.‘. ' - ' {.-‘ ' a ' ‘b‘. ‘.' I. J .1 -‘ ‘ltt‘ } .4 ' o' .... .. \ ‘ .a ..'u'. ." L K). x'.'. ‘.J‘al ‘-.' 3.x .1. a 'o w - ,, 'J .l -
u
' a
. , . . I v . . s . .. . _, . _.. -
' '- ' n a ‘ - - " .“- :‘ n - . - ‘ >r. '- " I : - ‘ t,
.'.i.‘ k‘.:“ .'v ’-.ar‘: .~ a. .\.L‘ .'.. ,‘p IVI‘- -__'..<s. ~ '..‘u' ,. v)..l an}. ‘ ..ln -" -.i.‘ .pal I...
L
l ..‘. .. l - -.‘ . {..‘} -‘. 3'». k.v~‘---...~-- J ‘1..- A--. L... «“ V, a. P 3.,4- .'37~£.'- !‘ ‘. Isl..- .. J; -:.A:.
I
I
‘
" u I ‘ ' l ‘ t ‘ - o . \ ' I
a : 'x ' a _ ’ . ( I I a ‘ _Q ‘ . .7 _ _. , ' ,. . ‘ ‘~
; A :3 ¢ . -., -‘il ' l / so ,‘,o‘ i:l.~)..'.‘a (I. ; .'Ig Kaela! t I. o_!_' .'.!) \ -..‘_ _ A ('.’
‘L \ . .
1
\
" . 7,. . '. . o ‘ . 0.
. ,, . . ‘.. . . . .
. \lJ... a ..LJ'. ‘.‘, h) {-1 "-.uéA
a . \ _ ., ‘ s . . .
X . 's ’ q f I ' '. e: ‘1 ‘ _ , v , I .. , . .‘. ‘ ‘ . r a. e .< I. !._- .‘
_n ‘ ‘1. .as . J \' d. ‘ ‘1 —v Is ‘I '."o 1'. / '3J-. I ~*\‘ J.‘ ‘sl '-_-0- ..l ‘ ‘J -'5’~ ..‘-2" 'J '."Q Mg - I
n o .- ---.~ao—-a an o— n n I
i
I
n1 r V ‘ , ‘ ‘ " , ‘ 'l ' ' a .. . ' .- l
, ~ I .‘ . \ ' - w p‘ ' " , , ‘. - . I . p g ‘ ' o "' t _; ‘ ’ ,~ ~ ' ' .
; .. ,3:., ‘ '.:;,..'_. I 3 - a)!)‘.'-‘. ..‘-~ .1 li-léJ-J. . .;.-.‘.;;‘!;.:..'9‘.' “‘.'-<4 '...) L ..‘ ’..-‘Ln. '..
b w
h
f
. n. '- .. , a, .‘ , r y r
', v : ‘.’ ' I ‘ \ v' I- . ,7 ., 'a " “‘1 ' o " f . I'- -‘ n' ' ' - ‘ H A .‘- Q ‘ - ’.‘ "E ‘ ’ ’- “
..‘. J- .8!" ’ .“.,.l -'., (E, "ashlefi- ‘u’I.’ “|l‘.",_- ‘.'9.‘ :‘l‘. A"' 13‘)-LJ.' ' ‘4 7:5 «\v .‘.:J-iJ-J'L‘ ."lofii
-
f v v ' 0 . , I’ .
’f " » ' u .. - ~ . .v .s . . _,- ~ ‘ u. v . s m . - . -
, | . ' b n , I
~.' .. ‘ . v u} . ‘.’ J .. _.. ‘...-.'-; .1, ‘ "1 Q. l l . ..'.-.k ..a‘u " “1‘ .'s‘ .L - ‘ 'g‘ .‘. 0" c J I‘ Q ~' J
- _ ' . . r _ r I ' ., s ‘.
p, , . .v» . ‘ - '. a 9‘ r-F: ~~ ~_- . ‘ ... ,~ fur . nnA _ g. _- '
51-} .'..I ..J" t .‘.'.." 3 '1 a‘a‘ ;‘ 'i-O‘k‘ V." :1, lu‘..\lia‘ds '€.l‘41-'flb.‘.cl..0' ‘ ' .'(’.r‘-..\4. ' . '.-!'(J-' . f
‘ J " " -¥ 1- 9 av .~ 9 --- -.. M.¢..~0-0.~'
l
‘ .4 ‘ A ~ I ' ' -\ -
n 'r I -,~ I C - o- -- ~ -'- '.‘. ‘. ‘ .. 5 - ,-_‘.| w' _ ‘ r - , 1 ’.'I- —. fr, .. ,‘ ., '.- ', . . A _. - .
..‘-'...‘ss' .. . - -. .- ... . a! u. 14, .. init- 1— or..' J. I‘~’..‘...‘-fl. ' \ s). c': ‘.J- L 'IJI. '.'. !‘ r.’ ‘.‘ .'.) JLJ‘ .“ . 3};
J '30‘». o—~—~‘--~-..a --‘-h~.~-. l
,' ' '.‘ ' ' ‘- ' . V- . ’ ' a \
' In ‘ a '. 'q, , uh 2 ' | -- ' ‘ ‘ - Vt; ' -- - .. . . " (u ‘ *v. -' V V', . . .. ’.-
~ 0 ‘ --§ !'—‘." -aéo--‘:{€ l.'- 7'1- -/ '.‘-‘.- ' ‘..,i‘u: I£J.J ‘-"".’J t . .‘.5'....'."- SJ... {..‘}. dft'luj
l - ‘c .- -~ a»- o 5 c- a- 4 e ..- . .'.-.- ‘4 ‘a '
’ i
P o -' . . -' I' y- “ ~ I v "I. a . 9 .
l . ' ‘ . a , '. ‘ . I" ." ' ' . I _ ‘.‘ -s' -' - b t 'I' _ . ._ ‘ ... r. s r .
. .w -. .' -.~ us -.'.4 ' ..' 1' -‘ 5 -l--’ Jfi'a. . ..'.-.‘. as- | .r .J ‘ -~J " *1 \-.‘-J .‘.(J‘;. 4,. I_‘ e 0 ’ . L.‘ ‘. . ...-J ‘.' 1 i'. ‘.'»
‘ V. '~- ._ t.
I ; , s, \ .- -- . ’ . v. ‘
n..-r,. . ~. .g ~_ ‘.. ,- Iii»! '. ’- u , f ...I ‘.'. y‘. 0"“4‘ r V...“ I... ’ '...... ..‘ .q . o.
\ -'»‘J-.-.'. -‘ l".~‘-.. ’1 h’~ws’-‘o‘-{ 1.. .'-‘.;‘\.-<. .-‘:..§..‘J' -‘.’|"¥.‘.‘_!,-J 'Lgu'J. .sh-u‘. 1‘ ,~1A an: t. - ,
1 ' .-‘-nfiu‘u o.lls‘..-.-.
‘ I
ll
0 a l . a '. : p - , s
. :l' . . -. "‘ . r . . a- , - ... > a‘ . — y
. w‘f‘J U... 1.- J . , ..u.a.-&:-. '_|.’..‘... 3...... .- In. .3}.-J ...vi -1 '.'; I.
| l
I
f _ . , .. . _ .
t .' .- - - ._v‘. - . z'. , ‘f'. a a ‘ “ ..‘ .. ..-$ . ' 1 min, ‘ r... .. . -‘., .. .‘ .
I In-" ‘ " ‘. , n cl ‘ .'. ‘ .‘Jfi. I t.‘ - 'Ls‘) IO. ..- u. \‘ E: ru‘.‘i ‘.‘-t‘: «u’l 'ul ‘11“-..2 . ‘.'“ _". I‘D'f I u .‘.; 4". ‘3 .' A. ‘ ’
I -- v a
l
I
p “I ‘ o . n
-. . . .-,,. , . ,
.'.. 33m- ..‘.g~, .4(.. '4. "
' r p g u ‘ ' c- .
\. s . . . n . I . 1’
I ‘. f' . .‘. ‘ '- ' Y ' '1' '.‘ 2‘ r' s . *' . ' “ v" s r " ' .
(1 )1-7'a - e' t: 5 k. / J .'.-11:. 3‘ ...-~47....‘-‘3 5 .J ‘(A.L ‘— .‘ "‘.' I ‘ :1' so "i'.fi . ‘
‘u ~— . o -. § ru - no ~.~.- .- - J
. ' t .‘ . ' - ' x' " l ' . ‘ .
‘ ‘ - '*,' ". ' ' '1 t. ’-|"“ ""'-'."‘1" ‘..“ ‘ 5“ I‘ ' 1" v".. . ' a l '.‘ ~ .-. - ..-- .
\ "" - '-" - -- 'L / r"«~a'ta-a..1.-1.~§ r-Dq'. ‘1 ..’|‘t." '. "'.'.-'.-.~' I_‘. O ,' .f ‘x. f" I 1" . I J,04 :_J:.I .’.." .' L “
' ’ "" W‘ ' U ‘ 9' O b I ~- ‘...-un‘ - a: .... .- a o ---0 .- n -‘w. .. '.. a,
. . .' n.» " r. ‘ s ' " ' ' ' ' ' a
., c ,. . L. - .H. -n- §~ -. . ~ , ..,,. . . “ 2 ,’ .’ . o. - s. . ,. ..., ." .9 . —' o. -- . .\
..sl . I ‘ l. . h ..' .1 ‘4 ' U" ' ‘ ‘ ‘.') ““’ a I‘.’ ‘JJ art-‘.‘, ‘ u " '1. Nu. ‘is. { '1" Q .14... ..’ - '> J1J-’. -'.". .. 1 A. I a, -‘ 0;,
u'.-.- 0 ---.¢.—.m- .. ~.--».‘~M -...- .- -a—g. --.
~ '.
f I , '; ‘ v ‘ \ ' V I I
l ... .- ~ - - r I ~ I - - \ - . ~ ..A
I . v ‘ x . s "_ x \ viz. .-‘. - . v':_ ‘ ..' .4 - . .- .
' O '- 0" ' - "~'- \’ “..‘ ..".‘ a .'-‘ '!‘ ‘.' .’-.)x.. J I . -.‘ --fr"l"\- .
v o a n o a..- ...... mg. a c . «In- in“ - AW “

 

 

 

62

generally confined to the northern areas.

The hardwoods are split into two geographical associations,
the northern and southern. Hardwoods in the northern section

are made up of sugar maple (Acer saccharum), yellow birch

(Dem mla lutea), paper birch (Betula papzrifera), basswood
(Tilia cordata), american chm (m samerican_), red oak
(92ercus borealis), and american beech (Fagus grandifolia)

which is confined to the eastern portion of the State.

Those in the southern section are the sugaanaple (in

localized areas), white oak (Querw salba), black oak

(Qaerm {gig£a), bur oak (92ercus macrocarpa), red oak,
shagbark hickory (§g___wggg§g), white ash (h nous americana),
and basswood. Beech is found, but again in the eastern
sections.
Estimates of Filibert Roth, forester uployed‘by the
Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey, 1898,

placed the volume of the original forest in the 27
northerunost counties as follows:

a. Pine 129.600.000.000 65 per cent
board feet '

b. Other conifers 10,000,000,000 5 per cent
board feet ‘

c. Hardwoods 60,000,000,000 30 per cent

(Roth,though his estimate Ear hardwoods was less
-than that for conifers.)

A‘

29Robert W. Finley; Geographz‘gg Wisconsin; p. 65.

 

 

     

s1
. . . r ' I o r I.
.'x '.‘0- ~ ‘ ~ ‘ ‘ ," " a. . ‘ . :H ‘-. -' .v~. .
. . HHSJLHJ. 4" .‘.». .'. a... .. .w. - .-J a ~_ ....-. ....'9 .‘
. . . s . 3 .
- . 3 vs .. " v ' "n l ‘ ‘y \ 9| ‘ I ‘-' - . , . '
("I . ':fi:,‘y.._.."‘,.. . _' . _.J" ‘.'.J‘ 1 .... .-’ \J-."n._l. J.._.‘4. ‘.. :J. t] 5|,rf.i‘_' . .491.’ . 3 -i
. c. .. . . .
.I - i . - v ' - ‘ ' 9 r . ‘ n (a s " - - _I
1 '. 3 iv. ‘-..4..‘ ‘3 1~J '-- {.,‘hs .5I..'s.‘t ..I. ’53.” s. lrl‘, .'.".2' ‘.'-J “4.1!
I
. -. . I \ .
l 1 a .: T! t . .l . “ .~ ’ . 'V " I! . . a, :4. ‘.. ‘ ‘ '. ‘1 f. ‘- .~. . _.‘ I:
I a '1 .. 4L.-4.-'. ‘ c - V . .r'~a ‘. ~ to .. ‘ ". .. .- LO‘ I‘M .J .‘l - .l’."'..'- ~u' -I, O.
' I ‘- \. ‘-.~--~.-.a~~-o o". s -~A a-‘J ‘ '
ii
- ' u . ‘ ' I o "u
. x ; up .-.-~ ~~ .r 0_-, : v;'p.f ) " ~H ‘{ ‘.-, s . ( I,‘ ‘ ..‘ .- f~7-'- -' I
' “. ‘. 4'..L‘.I-'\.o Q \ Ja. -‘-.-. -' 'l o'- I; -. ‘.z. . “ I ‘ar‘ J- . .’.-.1 ’s ‘ . -' ~‘ - a- ‘ u ' s’s' I.
... -w'vnv‘o-Odk“ .4. e ..‘-..emauv - ‘ It "!.-.4- -'0 Over" -
- o I 7- \ -- - ~'
"v-~ ; -.' ~nV-_ .- '.-'. " .0; 'L‘ ' '1 ‘ gar. -‘ '.’.” .'v fi',‘w. ",,-3 ' ,~ I . ~ )
b ..hU .'.. g ‘ .‘.-.'...a-m'. . .' "N d" .. / I'd." u). 454-”. s1 . a - -. z- . . ...,
g ‘-.... 9' t. - o o o - .— ‘yu, - ‘ .n- .p -‘ -— -e’ I - -.- - Me -00 .00. an w.
L"
l'
.. I e ‘ ‘- 4 . ' l a ' "
. I ., ' . ;-.- . . - ‘ ‘ ,' 0‘ . . ..., .. ‘ I .'. o. , _.._ .- ... ,-,. g
9 x . - ..._ .~ .' _ ...-., rs: n.4;...._-.a -..;v 1'. . ..-."'-"..« .- .-u...-
i ‘ . o-... s ...-.- cl. -. c a-....-..' ‘..o~ ..--o... as- . u---.—-d-ul
.' ' ' - ..s . . .3 '.. .J 7 . '. - .-
.n . a p. ' ( ~ s . ' . -'. ..'. '-
. ~ 0‘ I ..'A no. - co- 1 ‘.‘, . w: an L“ ‘\ r'. 1' -1 5.3-. ’ )‘J-an ..p~' ‘ s' B. .'\.l £~ L -..4 b J ‘.‘-n. J .
s . " ' >'~ . 0 I1 0 ' . .‘. ' v‘ t‘ ‘ - . ‘.' ~ ,A ‘. ‘- n .. . ni. ' . . '- '.' .' ‘.. w ’"
. . . -.. 4 A ‘- a . '~ . ‘ . ‘ , “ . - .
‘..-| ’.‘ .‘._ . III: 1.! =L.-‘- .,m s .‘ v.5 ~.'.~u ,‘ In(.'.. -3 e.‘ ".- o.» -.- v3.‘§"!l :0 \"‘-.--I f-fl-.. ~ '% ‘.‘} '.'.
‘ r I " . . . - ' I r " b' r
' ~{' ‘ l I l s '. ‘l w r. ' V -‘ v ' ' . 4 v , I ", - .-. 7.; 0 f.' . '
,.~ 1‘ 4 . r-.(1 ¢ \'u(..,’ 14 f a...',.” ’l“ .-,.(.‘: n.5,: ‘ “ ‘ \c s-- ' _ ; In........._'..- ...”L'J.
— O o l a v o 4.0.- ‘v-.

 

 

I . ~ 9 I .
.. . , 0a .4 ‘.'m- h. 4 ‘ . ‘.‘, Q‘. '0‘ " f. ~~ 1" (fin-.'. : Mu .. '.‘-r. o: I
('05- -‘ ‘.‘ ‘ ' "x _A In. I. ..- :4 . l" c- ..- ,JJ ) {LG-‘1‘) ..‘-1."; ‘ 9 ll..-‘ ..‘! “..Ld'. .~. 3'} ’
‘.' can. - U“..- do.-- a mot-”I_‘-“w- \. . ‘~---—4 -..-...-.. anyAd.
-‘ ‘ . s ' . s. - . ' I ‘ 0,. 7 ._ . l’ f
' ~:«-- '."-',|v - 'I- ' ‘-' _- ' -_ I. ; ‘- ' It to" V '7 -. 'rI« '_‘ u . '. -.-*- I " I' u .r
‘ \ -.'.. -..- -. ' c J. '-,_. .0... ) ‘....‘O v)..'...'v..f ! \"."'v(-.lg' 9". -.‘ \-/ -“.‘<'.-)“.: 4‘..;)(' (.‘Km
‘..-0 ~~~on~cwma v~u .'.-.-‘- '.auo ea -..-ore ..‘--.- -.. O '
P
‘ . ,u .s ' ' '. _s r "I a. . (a . 7 e-
, . I . . . _ . y . . s i -. .... . -’,v .-
sl.. t., d -3 .) 1‘. ‘.'... ..‘"... l " R .'!.l(‘ ‘~ 1"J‘I-‘. Y J. Is. 1’ ‘2! . ‘ 'fllt,"fi (“Q‘s-etfi ‘..:
'l
\ . b
u- a; . - ..‘ _. .
. ~A.Et-b...-..'.n:$
l ,. ‘ I ' D. _‘ L. . p. . . r . V .
4 ‘ V 0 ~ , _ ‘ ' ' . v . ‘ .. I - .n_.. n , «.'.. '
'.‘ ‘5‘ ‘ ‘5" ' “ (.J. " '... I .6 u.‘ ‘..! .' --\ .‘ ‘.. ‘5' ’.‘ 1' d J I" " -'..- i‘ v. ‘1. I 0.} Al: Lani f.”
. - . . ' . ' ~ .' . ' . 'I . . .. l
l , . I ' ‘ ‘ ‘5 ° ,‘ ' ' . ' ‘.’! ' . O V“, g“. "‘ " I "I . _ i - u . - . .- ‘ - - u .
' t 4 c s ..'. ( ‘ i i I LL (.-’~‘ IO. -‘-3 .‘. :r’ v'u“:~I ‘3'; - 1"}. .11.".s-1‘. . .-I‘-‘. .’. ' ’ ’..!- :-!-5‘.:»""l.l'. i.
""0 .1 ' .J . '. 0‘ -,' ”'.. '.fi ' ' f "
..n- . ' I ¢ . . ' ' -. ' ' . . ‘ .
‘ "- '—" VI 13-. 0’ (.4 ' -'- «0- .‘.)!lJ... '1‘ 0‘") “.3.“- .'.‘. ‘11 t-‘-'. ‘.' b, ""- .0 .i ' '.’-:~ ‘.~'
.. . .
O 5 - ‘ I . z. w. . , e‘ . '7 g “A . . A. r I ~ . ., .
0 M "'v‘ o‘n L -' '-- ) \dtr- J:IV.I'"$) .1 ' I‘ 's L‘s ..‘..>..’:.t.) (Jr-
- I II. p I ' ‘D P
. - ‘l . 'v' ‘ ' l -'
. vi. . '. ‘.‘: “zany JV... w. .. ..L :,w{-:.--..- 015‘.
s. ‘. .'
'.. 'f,‘ ' ‘3
and: - ‘.. '1’-‘ ..‘}...a
.“ I, ‘.‘ o. .0 |. If; , l)‘ '-‘ { _'.“‘~ ' . .; _ . e I .‘ .,- “fl'- . | I.
0. . ~-' .- l' ‘ ‘.e \.“P'\‘( \J’n’c ‘1‘}.Ie“.‘ Va. . I_‘ .fi‘. . a _. ‘£_‘ .9 ."
... ,~. .’.-“ . ‘f ..'
.. -.‘ 3.1.. L. -'.[I‘P-ul
...t , “I ..' .‘ '.. .’.. . 1*: ‘~}- ‘ .‘_ .‘.
“1“‘9‘: ' r ‘to's— . . < ’ '.‘)“, J ‘4‘ ‘.‘-5's. “'..-I‘v‘ .. ""‘:‘3_". . r
T '. ' f‘ ( ’ I V --,. h I",- ‘ I? ’ "‘ I -‘ .. , - I ‘ t. .'. :V.' ' .0
-*. u. l a! * I. -J\‘A.- -‘..W‘s 4.5!-‘.‘ .I..'v;l _ d1... .13.}... r; --‘L“.\s ‘1..a:}4.")
.' f r». 2 I». .,,. s o .‘.,. . .0, ', _~ .'.
\ I 0’. .. - - ..a {In} -L‘.-'.‘ -3 ,I'..‘._' i. 514".)
c. ...--‘-.—L.uo .. .« ..o- - .a .. --.. . -0“- "”’
. ' ’ r r ‘ '- t :J
I '2 , -' ‘- o. A > .‘.: ,- " .‘-
"- ‘ o ' ' ‘- I» 5‘ . I ~ .' -J-- ' 2" "z: -'..'..'.' o r .; -'..'I~ .
‘ "u- p o o... a! .'-. s- . s -. ’.‘. at- o-né‘n-‘v—c-‘o t h - "

 

 

63

Presently, there is approximately 69 per cent, or 10 1/2
million acres of the northern twenty-one counties in a forest
land. The total volume of wood in these_forests comes to
some sixty-two million cords, or if they were cut in eight-
foot sticks, it would fill 3,000,000 railroad gondola cars;
and if stacked up four feet high, it would make a continuous

pile alongside 47,000 miles of roads.30

The forest types of the northern forests are changing from
its earlier composition. The aspen, white pine, paper birch,
and balsam fir have decreased in acreage. While the maple,
‘hemlock, yellow birch and black spruce have remained about

the same, the jack pine and red pine have shown a notice-

able increase.

Today'the volume of sawlogs has increased, but they are of

poorer quality and of smaller size trees than were in the

original stands.

We have less sawtimber in the more desirable species
'such as sugar maple, yellow birch and hemlock, but
more in oak, basswood and elm. The pulpwood volume is
:mainly concentrated in the northern counties of the
State. The northeast and northwest areas have about
four-fifths of the available pulpwood in the State.
‘The forests of the North are growing rapidly. The

 

3oJohn A. Beale; "The Forest Resources of Northern
Wisconsin"; The Natural Resources _o__f_ Northern Wisconsin;
p. 45. ’

 

 

 

 

. V W
o ‘.
'4. - - . ." .‘. -o . ..n‘ .1. ' I'.‘ ~- - ‘ - ‘ . - V _ —‘ ' J c '1‘. s - ' -
. A , I " * l' , '. u l. l I ‘
. ..' -.'. L’.‘ ~ _. ..' -' ~.‘ ‘ -‘JL! . ‘ ‘ n3 1'. I v . K-l--.’3 .'~-.LJ.-
i
l - ‘.. ‘.. -'-" '..I‘ . . ‘ .' ‘ .‘ V.‘ i . “'k. " . ‘J -’--' ..‘." -'. v. r Q‘ " -- O‘ ‘ '
,-
I
i _ . > I _ , , . . .. . , _ -. ._
, ‘ . A ‘ v . ‘ .n ' . ' ~
”h -- ' — -v:l" ‘ ‘1. 1' - '.': ‘0 c '4 c . ¢ '. ' . L .3 “‘0-’.-.‘. .... ‘t‘ f“ _) - ‘1. . ! I ’.
‘ I
‘ ‘ ' ' . Q ' D . ' I
' ' ' " '1 " A 1‘ ',' ' . -
,A , ..,g ‘i, - It in. _.“_'_,_. to ._ .1 ~ .A ( -\-'~‘ Q '. ...L.‘ A .'-u‘ ‘.' n -1. t ‘..r. . .v q -: ‘.' L
\ v
I , . . . ,_ . ‘I .,,. . ..' 1 9' ., .' .. "( ( '1. - . .. v . ‘ ; . '-
. '3‘... _ _. .}.,I‘ l . l ‘ _,.‘ ‘ .'., c 11, . 1 -J ' - a“ — - L . o'I-J'" ‘t ’v - -. m! --'
‘ .
I} . ' . o _ 1 .
§’ I '3 I . . , ‘.‘. . ~ ‘ - f‘ .f
Q J‘.'Ll..a.4 .'L‘ ‘i-. -'.- s . \:'\4 ' . I .' 'I.-.f . ‘.‘....o.) '.1.-
.~
’
I
l C '
v .. u , ..- I. . u ». n — ‘ - Q‘* U . . .
' -. -.Jl- 1 ..‘ ---.rt ‘a--~a).‘J.' {‘.. '.‘-‘-.-1' ..I..’ . “ x J ..., J\ .'-L.. .
u
I
I
- 3 ' . v ‘ ‘ _ ‘ o ; ‘ .
. ‘ . ‘ . , . _ . , ' ‘ .\ ‘ .
.| {\J. a . «I n. . - c - - ‘ . l 4 ‘ J ‘.‘ L- ~ ‘.. .kXL.' .J u. : .-‘ .‘ - .... ‘ x». |, 9 -
g . .
. ‘ Al-' n . .'. "' -. A;~.-..' » ;_ to.) I. \ ’ 1‘ ‘ v - '. '.- ~\ ‘ :‘ -: '
' t‘ -- . 11...; ‘. ..‘... .‘a . e. _ '.'o 1...- ' 1 -’..-..° »‘ my.“ -'..- a ."... . ’- ”.1
‘ . .
.', I . . . o 7‘ K y l‘ ' c - . . ‘. a ‘0 . ‘u n. ‘ .’r . . .
...?‘a( ":J J'. .‘.; .' .. .r {I 0. v‘ J . ‘ J. ._._-_\£ A.".. .-.1- I ‘.‘. ‘A -. . ..‘ . ‘ a s“ ‘.-
a j .0 a
l
E‘ .- ‘ O, ' ' . ' :i . '. " '£.'..‘ '.‘ 1 ~‘
i. _ .5- -‘ n41, ‘.. . ~ _. -..k‘ ‘L --. ~ I ‘1 S. _ .’.-u "n :lx- t .‘. ._ O - 3
..
. .n‘ -

 

1' . 7 1,- _.u’M i a.-. .3‘ . ’... dhtg “ I..;. I.) .'n_ 7.,-'.( ‘J v... .1 “ ".M‘J.

. u _ I _ - 3 ’3 '.. Q ' ’
I r'£1_o 1.1. :‘_ "no. ‘1‘. I...) (.1. ~‘-L~‘ - ... I‘a ..L I_‘...fi} (4 ..(I ."J" Y u .‘.t" J .’ '--‘ k’
, . >
I
I
I .0“; Hi. £40.!»- .-'rt:. “.w 2“
. u ' - ' O | I , .
a .' , .. ~ I I ..’.- I. n- v - ,._ ‘.. ll. ..’
1.. ,_ .» : V I_ ._,. r -. .,,- 1i: .. __,,,__J IL: .. H‘ ,’ J J“. .. ..- .1. 5' .: . ‘
\ ‘ 4 u '-
-’ . n ' l ‘1 ‘ . . . ' ° I. ' I ‘.' ‘ w . ' 0‘ _I-~ . ' 4.: .x' c
.4. \. .. ‘.'.'. .'.. -‘,.« It . ...-1 ( .J.J. : ‘ .L‘ .'u. ...n‘. 11s. 0.": .Iqlsm
U
. .

. I. _ f i _ - i . ..‘ ' ~ .. , - ._.‘ . . .‘ a 'y p .
“ If .. .~~.§.’,‘_\;\1 ..s a , -'.:J ‘ '- .. 0 -..'...§ ‘32.“ i/s-“.J '.‘,zc. (..‘: t"; 4"! .J.'. J.l.‘ '.

 

 

 

 

 

‘. , o A m ' -.‘. . . .. ._ . . .. J '.‘ . ‘ -'.. i . ‘... -.. _ . 9’ -— . ,fl .‘ - .‘. s- ' . _..
:01...‘ ..~. \V' ‘... - ‘.‘ ’.,'."‘.'\' ‘ ..' - ...: v' I. Al -'.. qu' »- 0 .I sl . ‘.‘-J‘. oi u".l‘,'.. I -..: ... [19“
h
- . . . _ . . .
l ‘ l‘ ‘ '1 ‘.'. - n' ' I. . " ,I J g f‘ 'a ' o‘ ! r " "‘ - | "
.‘.{J ." sf -.: 4 ‘—J. '.- - ’. J g. t .I -- . —.\ ‘.'. ~ .'.:‘J .0 L. I ..’.! .'."I. ‘4- -. . '-‘.)w’
. . . ‘ . -
_ . '.. I _ '..... .‘. . y :. .'. . .A . - (...
I --v ;.. I .'J u 's. ‘-“-‘~I".'- ...l» ‘-'.‘ ~- .'.. 2.‘ J 3‘ - ’c.’ ‘.a'- -.- -. . ..- a.” -
.
‘ . . " n
. - ‘ [-.- v~ ‘ ‘ I. - .~ ', .. , -. n .— . -
»' .-. Q -'. . ..- 3i . . .’. . . a .'v.o '..‘r- ."A.-‘ . t‘ l’ ..*\- '-'... . 'AJ.L
. .
a
0». -~. 3 «n I". — -.-..u- n. .-9' r"‘~""‘ '-
. ‘ ' ’ ' ‘ ' . .'. ’0' ' ‘.., . ‘ l’. ' p . 'a" .
J .1: .~ 3..'..--‘.'.- ‘ .:~ ’-‘; .-.|. (‘-. -- t . f: (‘I
.
I . u . I I I o I
' ‘ 5 l I - , Q- . _ f.—. - , . . ,
‘ u ' . ‘ . .I. I. .l . ..I (.1 _L.‘v ,rf, ,n ‘V'_ 1”. .,(‘ .'
' 0‘ O O I o O .+’- c- a ‘ y ... 0...” ..¢. . -0... .- -—.-- ..‘--.-... cl .‘~..~.- . ..‘ .'.. g . Q

 

 

64

net increase is about 2.4 million cordg annually or
somewhat more than the yearly harvest. 1

Figures XIII and XIV, the vegetation groups for 1850 and 1956
show the changes in species.

Although man is now the dominant species on the earth,
his very survival depends upon the intricately cmmplex
ecological balance among all plants and animals within
their respective geologic and climatic environments.
When the population was small and the resources of the
American continent appeared to be virtually unlimited,
one tolerated a degree of resource exPloitation that
can no longer be sustained. It is now firm national
policy that the soils, water supplies, and the plant
and animal life of the country be protected, lest the
ecological balance be further upset and the nation's
welfare be thereby endangered.3

we;
in order for wildlife to survive as we know it today, it
is necessary for man to maintain and provide the maximum'
diversification of forest types along with an adequate
harvest of game populations. At one time nature provided
this diversity through fires, insect and disease epidanics
and wind stoma. Today, we must depend on the forst
managers for guidance instead of the catastrophic events.
Wildlife, like plants, is controlled by its environ-
‘nent. The ruffed grouse dwells in the depths of the

dense forests; the spotted sandpiper teeters and bobs
along the lake shores. The otter makes a playground

 

311b1d; p. 46

32Melvin M. Webber; "Relations between the Social-
Physical Environment of Outdoor Recreation and Mental-

Physical Health"; p. 248.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

It r F
I
. I
‘ a r? ' ' {
,' ., . . v .. Y -‘ .. .‘ ,. . ,
n ) (--.. x E \»3 " .-‘ A i ‘ .‘.-i ..'. -' . {it I . ... :‘ ‘.““J 4 .e ‘.-A.h- ‘ .‘. .‘.“ ~I.|‘io
..
" ' ‘ 9 .. .-.
. - .. ,- , r- I , ‘ . "
. .5 ‘.‘ - a' ..‘lil ‘5“ -..'-.1. “ - {.-‘ l!’ I: .I :’ .‘. ’.. . ‘1 st. . o l k I'.‘
c
‘ ' r ' y ' ‘ ’ ' . -' "
. . . . .- .. . . ‘l '
‘-‘ . .' L -: .. -' _. . .. _ ..' - .'.-f" V “Mu ‘ -.'.‘. « tmi- .LAJ ~ -
O
- 'I , .r “ ' , -‘ -- p r' .—
....1-.-. 1!... r5301.“ J .-1..:
. .o O . .
_, .. - . a . . .. , .. E . ... v-:"1W:"n‘1‘w
(- -.b .‘. . ‘ «.- J 1.“) t.‘. ‘-'. .- q .11.~:l..‘, .‘I- ...-.IJ .( I} (.-- s' a - "‘."L .s...,.
1 , a -‘ n. O - - ‘. . l . L . . i” :t‘e f“’ ' ‘,"“ V I .
. . | i I l| .’. ... Ii '. v §. 0;.- '4.‘ ‘1‘ . -.' t ‘ 1- "5-' § . "‘J. ‘.' v I .n ‘- J '.’. 1‘
. e ~ ‘ : a '- .. fi . '
. ‘r . a ‘ 0 V a ' . . , . 1| -. \p g ' . u." . ‘ .
:‘c J ~J. .'...n.~v‘ ...Z—u; ‘ 1 ‘0 V‘ \ D; ._ .'.... I. I ' ‘.' 'Af .. ~_c.‘.\ a..‘,.. J ..’. ’.....‘.4-; >
o ' . a
1 I! . ’0‘ - * ‘A ’ - . .1 b r. . ‘ . I |'/ -- ' l .- '." . -- Iv ‘ -‘
o‘udo'u « ...l .1- .‘. 3 ~ . .J. - J.. . . i) saw” ('.'.L s. .. ..'.J- .H. ~--.'A. .—-.~I|
, .
. '-'. > . . -" l. ‘ - ' "- . ..‘ ‘ )-~,' ' a. I - 1‘" l‘ 1" ,‘ r '.' f ‘
; .‘.!‘.J _ LI . .5 _ ,v.'v"\., a... flit-_.n in], :I .‘.-.1!" g. , 6|... l)l,....a..l-‘. .' ~ . .,n. l. I.
- ' l a I K a A ' ..‘ . ‘ .
‘ a I I .. .' - , .- A - -. ~. 0 .. v‘. ~. ., l ' l. a a. f ,u p a , s . . .. -_ ‘ i
{I u- . .. .'. '. .'. ‘ J... LI 1-! .'x.! s' .'\: ‘.'J '.r'J .‘....J. ‘ ..’ Jr; ‘fs.'..l.".\.’..‘ 11,-: .'.l . .‘.s
-'~-. -". .. i «'3 ~- A- . - v- . :.°' i, « .'."'.':. . ‘ ou"! ("'.‘ . '
w .'v'! v (.-(. 1" I': an... «v-4 ‘..., ‘ I I.-"‘-"‘.: - -. .'.\~‘ ..'..) .‘...nl‘LI P. .-I‘- ‘5' 4‘ o. ‘.."J --'{.‘.(‘.’
-. a . ... s . n ..
' "u ' ' " .' i"- 'x "I ‘ 4’ 1‘" a“ "(0 '. -l I i. ' f“ ‘31:“)
.t.r~ .‘. _ ...-'.z . .'.- '. ( 1.. (.-.. .3“ .‘. .-.-. -0 ‘.. .C» ..' .-~... ' ... .J' ..‘...
fl " ‘ 7 ' - —¢ . | " "4 ‘ ~--": ' .- . ‘fu ., - -.‘~\ ".~_'- '1‘. .-.
l.’ {JED-E. ....Z—l s I.". “;v.‘.. .... -':J=". - '0} l .- { ('.Lon'l ~I uo“:J 0-0‘ I.-3--‘ ‘L‘t.e -L‘ ‘.J
' D I. ‘
, .'fi ' 1 . - . " " -» . ' "I‘ ' :. a ' "‘ q. I g -_u ' '. \ "' .
}."~‘J ‘.. o. . . ‘ ' . I .I ~.. )4 ‘ -L I: .4. (-‘ '..: -uu - -" \I‘ J ' " ..’ 0' ‘1 II.’ ’.. per .. .3. 0 ' .'.‘J .'.. ; ‘A f."
I . - - - , . ,
. -- ..f ‘ . .. - - - .. .' --. I ... ' - o .. a) r" _ 3e; ' ...-
. .. 141,4... 13'. :w‘... ' .’.. - .: email -..-s:.‘.-.1.--. .,HJ ..‘..u'.-...fi| ...5. .2,.‘\..L(...I-I
I ‘.'... f‘ .A .‘. .. '.‘ ‘ . .:‘;*‘.._' ... .; ;. (i .' .. ,. "O)\l.
. I. j the" \~.‘I a’~) '\ qr .'...lo-J ' a. .' .4 ..‘ .g
H
I
'I
M
F . ‘ ‘ . . ' H Y. ‘ c r: g V . _- . s
i h l 1' ”' ‘ ' A'- ' - " . '. v ' “ ' ' ‘ .
‘ .'.- ‘ I .‘. [I U .'..L .'l‘l.'-.- J ~e \" ‘.V‘ V o- $13 ‘5 ~g \’-.v-.‘~e-‘-h-~e‘l . {- .L J ...":
5
no s’ ..| ‘ r,” .‘ . I. .- ' . “ - '.ou—. .... .I‘ -J ’1 1.. - I'{‘.-. -, ._,” .‘.“.
.'. -‘ 1.. ‘1.-' »'.. a ‘ .. - ‘- 1. .i “.- L‘va 144.!) ~ L' I. :a. . -5 ..J. ‘.-.-‘1 L...”-
. ' '- ' ,. nu 6'- ' ’ ,- .. 5| . _ ~' ‘.' "' "‘ n" _‘ ’ . ‘ .1 ‘. " ' ‘2' ’.' b s' ‘ . .' I
.‘.; (1:34 -" .- L- w 1 J... . - ’.‘)-.J' -. .- ‘.. Juilsigd. “(..' £20.-.. .51-... --..u..

 

.'. I _' o . ‘ '...-« .-' .‘..3 ..‘, ‘.. ‘ .'. . ..- : 1,. a‘ . ‘ .. _§ .' ..‘ > . ' ..l '...
: "-.,a---.'. '.:.'-'»‘- ..'-.J;a. 1" :‘l-"..—, 'i‘Ji‘ -4. .‘.-1L(l- -" 2.--!" i. I: -.o‘-‘ k.l'., — "‘1‘ J‘O~J

" l . " - - . - 'A‘ . . .- -. - . .. .l' --' u' : g h . .0. .
(4:04-‘ . " '- '-..) x“ v: f I. '.-: ‘-' ’ ’.'. ‘ I . -0 ~s‘~ {.7} 0L ‘ :vh' ct; - 1"IJt' 0’ 0' L.) ‘53.. c: 4!: (id. L4
‘. ..' . ”'.' , . ..‘.. ‘. ..‘ t: .I -" .4 0' .0
«fink... PH.-. 1.0 -.‘1...:‘;.2.‘.v ...‘cJ’I- 5'". “(dual sch .t( ...r. 114.. s.

 

. . e r
3'" -_ ,V‘ - ox ' ‘. - . .... _ ‘ -' ' n ', - I‘ .. .‘. , v, I‘ -.~ .
.\$.uui.'..l ...-..’.} '-, .‘..sL. as..- .I’:.nJ .sL' L.-...‘.lt.2‘l... 'JI:,......1.’.',~’ .'.l .0. (.....-
. . I . I r I . r. u 0|». . ‘-. ‘0 o
' '- ' ‘. ' "." '. '. I . . s» ' " .~.s .‘ ' ,.- ~ ' ”'.': I I“
-:s‘1_. '35. P \.«~4'-". "" ‘.' -'.'...‘-‘.-...-|..'..'-." s J. (IOJ§—.J--“ ’.’-..--l. ‘-.‘J.J:.’.l .'.-g
to .
'. .'. , 1'- "Y_. ‘ ‘1' . - ... ' .... .r~_ -,- “‘....- . . , f, . t .‘ L . [.0 _s. K. _
‘..... -.‘. <.--.'-! .' J" L .‘ .:.:.. 12....-. .. ..s .'JI'ubuL-"J. Ir.J-...4Ja. .13.»... ...‘li '.'.
‘ -_.
' ' . ‘ ... ..‘ p . ' . . . ' _ n. V - .‘.-a ... ... ..-} . .‘- r. ‘. . . '.
I.a \5‘. I :4: "‘ (‘..-t.)-s ('.‘ -:~a"' .t'."'.- ‘a ‘.'..i f'l.‘ [(1 LA. .'J's-u; '« 'no’l‘s:-,‘ o'(’.‘ - .‘.-‘.‘ II.~
C ‘
l . I r - .
1 ' ' “ . ‘ . :T- *. . .'I't ’ ';r ' .'. i '. " ‘ ‘J- ' "' ’ "
‘ .-H‘ ‘ -'.- n ..2.....;.s.. Juana“? .u..;.. ...- .-'('.‘4Q_z . .. [..‘. 'j;:. | l“.__.,!.
. l
..s a . a m: on --m.--.- a"-
i”
‘ I I I . I
"I I l‘ -C -
‘~" ‘ . ll _.. ..:.‘ ‘-‘
I ‘
w ‘.se
. . | - -t .’ " .t -‘ . ' t ‘. ' -
fl' ’ . I ~ I f u . 0 ~ ' n , _“
.'. i. ‘ ”sz c- ‘..mi.llt c... '(If u.‘ i t .- ,UL. - a. s u.‘ ‘4’... '
.. ‘ ‘ l ' ,1. . ..- . .... .... .... ..' ..'_ .- ,- -.‘ . _, .
. '.o‘. a...) lull. 'U 1.:QI 1.9 u») 0 J '.- “but. JEJ” .' ..‘! {Mt}: ft“.-. ‘J' A i _L :3‘9

 

 

65

 

 

MINNESOTA //

l OWA

_____ MIXED FOREST \

 

ILLINOIS

Figure XIII. Vegetation Groups for 1850.

It:

‘ 1‘
.
C. a. .
id.
31
..
\
._, A....
,
.‘..
&
x
.
‘..,

 

 

 

 

.'F\v

. ;

rl.

VJ;

 

66

 
   
  
  

MAJO§ FORE ST TYPE

June

MICHIGAN

 

 

 

LEGEND
/_-_-___.- ASPE'N8 BIRCH V
_______ NORTHERN HARDWOOD(Maplc,Boech a Birch) /
........ WHITE, RED,& JACK PINE
E ________ LOWLAMD HARDW OOD(EIm, Ash 3 Cottonwood)
E2”) ________ SWAMP CONIFER$(Spruco a. Fir)

- ________ _ WHITE, RED 8 JACK PINE
\\\\\\\\ ________ OAK(OAK-HICKORY)
.\ ILLINOIS . \

Figure XIV. Vegetation Groups for 1956.

 

; .
. . '
'5
. _' '.‘ .
$2
1:.
l
.
I . ~
‘
I

‘t
I
I

'0
D
. 9
\
‘
r - ‘ ‘ -\
\ . ' 'f f‘ "‘ ‘ ' 1 ‘ ' ~ I ‘ ' ‘
4' - r ‘ I . __ . .‘ I ‘ O I ‘ \‘
J
.' 3 I z : \ .
'\ .l I. ' .\ I
‘ i”. . I
n r ‘
.'“~ g .
‘\ 3": \ .
o ‘ ' u .-
v & ...
r , .
i} I
‘ a
.' I
p“'
1‘1".""6J' ' I . . - . -
,/ .. ' .‘ \ ... ‘ ‘ \ I J I 1‘
. ‘ . ,'q: ..
- . 1 \
.. . ‘- ‘ if“. 'x ‘ a 4 .
-.r“~' -‘-‘.- ‘ \ \ - ' ‘
$fl" \'I -_~ 1" . - ‘ .   \ \r" ' I u
. \ K. . . \ ~\
; \ OJ '-\ ‘1' 3 . \'\ . ‘9
If V ‘5‘?“ "" -’.'- \‘xs'7‘}\~'u-‘ ‘
‘ I f' “ ~ g I I " . y 9‘ ‘ .
A x“ x . .5 ;‘ t‘; . . ‘\ ‘ y .3 J ' ‘ :Lf‘~" \ - ‘ . ‘
F. ~ ~' . I | ' ‘ ‘ ." VK'. ' 'Q; a . 3 '.’ ., a“ \*._ J ..'.. .
9 \ ‘ ' I. ‘4’- I I‘ - \ ‘ I ' ‘ I Sn. f
'5‘ I_‘ . -- r 1‘ -- 3‘}, . a .‘. “
,’ - \ fi ‘ ' - ' ‘ :‘ '..\
.‘.I ‘ .1 .E '» I. ‘
{.‘. ‘\ " -_-v ‘I 'I \ n ‘ '
r» ' . g : . ~.
> ‘ '.. ’ K I
“ ~. '{1 '.. ~ 1 “ I
'. ‘ x . '. \
3 \ ’ ‘ ‘ \
. ,\ ,‘ .
“ " I.‘ I ‘- ‘
,_J ‘.f _ .'_ ’
t- ‘.‘ _ ‘
.'. _ . (7' . I
I. ‘4 5“ .
's . . '4“'-,,
I.' '.‘fi\~v‘: ‘ I i ‘
l‘.‘ a
1* \ i ' \ .
7 ' _ '1 . . ' .'.
\ .I‘ ~ -.
V 9“ ' ‘ -
.7, g a ‘ . ’.. U
m - ‘ ' .. a
..I- , .
~ - I 0 I .
. I
I o" ' - ' \ ' f ‘..
' ‘ . I . A . ‘
.i - . '.. - .'. » - - i. I: '3 '. _'
l \ .
I . A 5
. I - .J ‘) ' r J ’ - c - o 1‘ .u .— 9 ‘ - o
. ‘
. , . u _ I \ I 'l ‘ n n
.. ~ . .E: ' v . I J'a‘k' "F ' " ' " - ‘-‘ - o. .— - -- m — .. . .
s A I , \
_:I . J , .' ‘ r... - I . I. -. u..- -. a- w .—
v. 4- ‘ ‘ I. . I (W .‘\ f. g I. I , \‘
IDOJHI‘”. },. I 2: ..I- - '3; A _- __ , _ _ __ _
I N I Q a ‘ ,4 r q , I t' - : I I 5 .
‘ I t“ h ‘ o - ' I v‘ ‘ ' 5- ’ ‘ | - - ._ - --— . - .o —. .- .
. .'.. O ‘ ' z t ' ‘ ‘ ("V c— - .. - ~~ -. a— .— - .
V . .
‘ \ A. o c . '
(I r O J ..' ‘-‘\1) *.~’ .. .— .... ... .- — o— ‘0 ' '-
I
I -‘ '
I _..
f o
. . 5 r ;l ft, '1', 'f' W. , ‘.' l ‘ ' IS‘.\ 0*. 4 “
_ I o r I
' I ’7 .
. ..I t a I -.. ’
l I
- l r I u l - . c g p ‘ " J- . l P . 1” ‘ ' u. 1‘ I —
. J \ ‘ L .'. G r, ' s. ‘1 .' l v ; _ ‘.' " J P -' ( _ . ‘V’ . ‘ .‘ \ ‘3 . L).

67

of the lakes and streams. In similar manner, every
form of animal life registers distinct environmental

preferences.

Part of the charm that we associate with nature comes
from contact with its wildlife. A red squirrel
barking definance from a secure retreat in a fir tree
animates the natural scene. A raven calling hggrsely
from a lake cliff gives a voice to wilderness.
Chippewa Lake when at full storage capacity has roughly
200 miles of exterior and island shoreline. Approximately
90 per cent or 180 miles of this 200 miles is classified as
wild shoreline. Because this type of shoreline provides
the most productive littoral zone for plants, insects, fish

and animals to intermingle, it is important that this habitat

raisins relatively undisturbed.

‘Watemfowl has played a prominent role in the wildlife
:resource on the Lake. Prior to flooding, the natural lakes
:in the basin produced large quantities of wild rice attract-
ing many ducks and geese on their spring and fall migrations.
Recently, due to overharvesting, changing in the water
chaistry and the water level fluctuation, the wild rice
production has been drastically reduced. Diving ducks and
geese are still attracted to the Lake during migrations.

Only a small number of waterfowl use the lake area'as a

 

330.8. Department of Interior; "Our Fourth Shore";
National Park Service; 1959; p. 35.

 

 

'- u—
’
O \ '
o I ' h
‘ ‘1 ‘ . | , ' . ' ‘ '. .~ . A. '.. ‘ ‘
. -- ; ..'/‘7 t .. ‘...; 63‘ —‘ ‘. ..' -' .' '.‘ . .0. I 444' ' j .-.‘ Y's - a" K *4 I”- -'J.-d ..L.’
. - .- fl .- ‘ ‘ ..‘ . . ‘ .. . ' . . o 1 1 v r. F . ‘ ’.‘ v ‘ 1“
'.“§'J. v . ‘ ... 3‘ v ..‘ ‘ . -l 'l ‘ .a“ . -’ I--. . .a ~¢ -..-hf. '.‘. ..." o‘ " ‘ ‘ -‘-
I -_ . h .
. " J-.aLA . - - . -’.r~:
' . - '.I '. ..t '
. ,, . . , a , .. -, . —. ,. - . ‘. . ' ‘ ‘ ‘ ‘... .,,
n' t, ‘ . ~ .. . 11 ; -3 -. ' .‘0. , (’ — I L‘s. u . ' -‘ J '.' ..' -- --J -0 (I -l .1 .
I . . I . ‘ ‘. -' . ' . - .‘-' ‘ i o
_g..-' .' - .. .‘. 'b‘. O ' .' .u . _ .|. .4.. "l ‘ Ir a'. d . I‘ o h' .- ‘ Ub‘ - \ -&—~
9 o
' 6; I " ‘ .‘. . ‘ ' u ”I I «0 . ' - \ . . 4 . " ru‘r
.i . . -'. :0 6a.’ J . ’. u- -. ’J..' ‘A {a ' (J. .. ...r"5a.'....l. ..' L‘, .‘..~" .r
' I
. ‘ ~ . '- 2: a \ .A- . -.. .,- . ‘ - _ . .‘
". :‘x... '. ‘. ,‘A'J---‘-.4. 1.5 £*\ ‘.‘.I. . . .‘1... '1 _.fu. .-.o..,' ._l ... . .1. ‘ ,'."..-
1 I ..
’ <- . ' . I ‘ ' _ .\ . i ,' . ‘ . ‘_ \_‘v 4 70'
.t a. ‘.'- 1-1.-. . .' .0...- t u .0 t.. v ‘ .. - . - .J ..’.. “.‘. -l - (5.1..
a
' v
‘ a, . - ' Ixc. ‘1' u 0 i r.‘ ' fin ‘ ' g I ) . 5‘ v {-
\_ ' 1‘, .\ .s 4" l 5‘.~ —‘ u‘ -. ' - . ' J...‘_ ‘0 ‘l .L..- - n.- ' .’s'ils .. dikCL .4. . - '-
o 4
‘ \' ‘ A " ‘ ‘ 9' . v 2‘ “ ‘ ' . '.1' “. ‘ ‘ ' . T . l:
\n-- ~ I — ‘. -‘ C -‘.L_.- -"(’;"‘ . -- -.'. - l‘-‘ J ..'.u. —~I~o¢ I -‘U ta-iJ‘-‘ “ ‘.’-l
o s n s ', I
' . I ' ‘ ' l I‘ ~ ' '7 ' ‘ ‘ v - ‘ ‘ 5 ! l‘ A.‘ I ; “ J. I ' -‘ ‘I :‘3 .".' h
k 7» '.--'_\.-...' \_ '-_,(‘.b,~ ..’ Ti. _.-‘- ' M .3 x ‘-.. I.“~. - ‘.' ‘l-o A- 1" ‘- K -.‘. no" h“. -‘ 'K- ‘
I
I w x ,, v ' r . o- ’
‘- “ , ‘ ' ‘r _ - _l ' " 1 “v" V I_‘ '? h - . I". ‘ ' .‘. ’ . '
\4~ . ’4 \ .- . - J. -.. -'. -‘ ~. 1. - l .-. . ‘r C- ..A - ..‘ .J '..-.L‘ ._J - . ‘.. . - i . J J. . -sx’li '.) ’ .'
‘ .
. - . . r , - r m , - , .
‘ _- .‘ . u . — ,.. ‘ . p. x: ' .0 '.. v I.:. .-‘- "8' ' I F u ' .‘ -. .‘ ~.- ’ ' 1‘ - - '- . "'
s ..’.s— ‘- Is a ’ . 011-. t ". sl‘J‘ .A. . ‘.. - ‘IA'- fl .LEA"J~‘.D~.-. .‘.. .4 ‘6 ' I.’:.'U .;‘I .’ Iv\}l'¢' -) l...-
« ' ' a ~ a .
‘ .1 .. ' ' . ..--. , . , '- . , - _ '. .-_ r... ,f. i t , ‘-
...t 0‘)- 8 ‘ In. ."\0 _l..“' .fl‘ ... ‘.4;“: ..' .- _ \. .4 ..‘-‘. ‘.‘—'..,»‘.L .17.... .41.... a u. ‘.J..1}s _ .J . a‘.’
p . a a
f . . . . ..’ ...v s y. . .‘ . . .-
. .‘ ' — I .I Q ..‘.J ‘.‘!" ' ..K.‘ lo-J . 0‘ ‘r'!:_ hi o —
‘ I Q . I
I V : ’ l ' ' ‘ ‘ . ' ‘1 “ v I. H a I . '.. - . .«
| 1 . . . . I . ‘
L ’. .‘ '.. -.'- to ~ ’ t -J l'y . to u 51‘. - l ...r 2 - " H s ‘ . .‘.\ ‘J 7 I ..w L . . .3 'p

4 .', tr . I 1 ..I ‘v. o. . .» .' ‘.‘ . ‘.. i- ‘ n‘ a; ‘ . “ r7 , I, ' v n‘ .7. ‘ . .7 . .. ' . ,'
La ’- 9‘3. .. ......L". .4! wk... ( ,l.-‘.- -~(;\_ -- -~. ‘..'.1 ..\ ... -x ..‘;..'_.|.‘. .-U .1 .31.] :_'§‘ .~ 31"?“ ' —~

. . s . o. '- > I
1 . , ,. - - ,. V ' . _ ~. . _» ,. _ . ...5. .k .. , _ . _ r ... . . ... , 4
~ ._ . , .. 1. ~- I... ' » . ' .4 ‘ . . ~ .\ a l
‘ - u . lm.~3~. us . __ 7‘ n‘~‘-l. .‘.'n ..‘.-l Lo-.’.' .‘.l .1 2.1 'La“’ . ( . ,<.‘. ‘ J~.-*a“ ‘- .'.r; rt- ‘ ‘5'). J.‘ -g- I!-‘
w . .
' . . .. ‘ , ..' L f‘ ;. .. .- I ~ w . - , . .
‘.‘ ~ ' . -! '.3 ~ 1 . .‘-- '- 1 2‘. ’,v_ ‘ ‘
a'u -*.'. ‘.’”Jr- --‘. ...-iu-;. U1.» ._1:., -.v u -‘....»L..: ..!~' -... 1.114.; t..'~..34.. v L'u ‘ ‘ ”1-3
. , . - .

. . . . . ‘: . . , ’. - - ‘7. 5" '- . A'._ ...: -‘ s '. I a, ,, '..
...".:in u‘ ..'As-£ Lu. ,J;.: {.IWJ.) ("1"s. .435"! .'*'.A.A.‘...‘j.‘f;) (.'.. .97): ‘V' J...'i..}~1

0'
L:
k.
1.

.
..
.
t

n

h

' '1
a.
I
at
t .
O

- s
O
. .
M
‘...
‘..
I
(- .
<’.
I»
1
sn-
‘.‘
.’
§
I
'c c
s
.44
L
F
a.
0“

. . . .
- . , . ‘ - L O .
‘ ’, ., r’.‘ -‘ - n ,. . -- . ,- . ‘ ~ ‘,-I
.'. ...’....r‘lJ-.g~ ‘ 'xc-o. -s~-I'J '..: : ,' -.' L‘s‘ .'-I-—'-.l- aJ.L-’. r' A. - J‘. .‘l..‘?- . as v'
‘
t I~o - co, ,, i ' ' I 0;] l , 1‘ ' , .'; - ' ’ " “‘° v. : - - la , . -.'~ . 2 g '- v y. 1 '7 ~ .'n '
.~' 0 .' ' ..'.l. 'q..‘D.. .'.!- J .. ‘.sD .. . .. ..-.~.; 5.1 I "(I .. ,. \v. , .I. ..'.-L .2 i2. b ‘.L-J"'
I
. ..- o-a .'-. 0..-...4n‘—---.”u-u~-up-~~ 'J‘-
I
I g ,I
, a ,.
... ' r I' ‘-\4
. g ‘ , C' . i ' - ' " ' ‘.. ~ . 's
‘. ., ‘. cu) ..J} . J" ... (.'.- .w ‘-ba' .,L .. \ ..’-‘5 \« ..i ‘| ’K. g o.
. » .- ’ s ‘ 9 _
. ._. - v. - - 9:. " ' , .
. - c O - “ ~ .3- J~ - ‘.o' . . ' .. /._ ‘.- .: ,‘a. ‘ .,,.J ‘
K \

 

 

 

68

permanent habitat.
Many shallow bays on the Chippewa Lake appear to have
desirable vegetative cover for waterfowl. In addition

to the shallow bay areas there are 960 acres of land
classigzed as wetlands on Northern States Power upland

acres.
A very special environment is the marsh-not only for
its unique assemblage of plants, but for its wildlife
as well. Around the margins of the marsh prowl the
raccoon, mink, otter and other predators....In the
wildlife management picture, marshes are vastly
important as migration stapovers and nesting sites
for ducks and other waterfowl.35
Many Mallards, black ducks, teal and wood ducks have been
observed in the area. At the present, no data is available
on the total waterfowl production in the Lake region,
however, a great deal of the upland acreage could be im-

proved to increase future waterdowl production.

The ruffed grouse is the most papular of the upland small
game species in the Cnippewa Lake region. In contrast to
'being the most papular, the Drumming transects (of partridges
and other birds to produce a sound resembling drumming) in

Sawyer County, indicates a declining trend in the grouse

population over the last five years, and has been below the

 

34Department of Natural Resources; "Public Recreation
on the Big Chip"; 1968; p.

350. S. Department of Interior; "Our Fourth Shore";
National Park Service; 1959; p. 35.

 

   

 

 

 

 

 

I ‘ -
s
I. I l ’ D . ‘
. . '.‘. ‘ a I s 1.;
° 3
' - ' ' ~I - ‘ . ‘ . v- o. I 1 u v
, . ‘ I ~ " g I I ‘ .
v V.. |- " . a , .. l '. a 7. A‘. ‘ ‘ ..., - 3. .‘.: cu" ~."\‘ 3 . .‘...L A):- an n s
. .
.
. ~ - _ V . _ . _. s ,
....--a... '.b .‘..- g _.-‘I. - .:,‘. v .. .'("..' . .... .. , .-.‘.
. . . ,I ' : « ~ A (a 1‘ r . g Q .
‘ ~ ‘ _ _ « _ .. _ . . ' _ ’ 3. J 3" ,s st: , l ,. ', . ' ' ._‘_,_.\ -.. .0. ..
. ‘- | ‘ I u l‘, J ' ' " . ’
A. -.. -~‘ ..- . s ‘ . ‘) ‘-‘ -' ‘.J . t n ‘ . ‘.' ‘v ‘ ‘.'.-‘ . l ' _ , .. . ‘
.‘ 1
' w
. as '
A
~ ~ . s . ' r '
. — . ~ ' I. ‘ ' . 7 I ' _.' ‘ _ . . ‘ ' s '.
p ' _ ..A ‘ ’ 1.! , I ‘ J. ‘4‘ 1'. .1 l) ." t ‘.I .'..l o ‘.a ' J, ..'-. . ' t: - r "
sh .-
, . . - ' _
. v , , . . . . . ‘ .. _ _ . , ..
n I ~ I .'L
, - . .- - . v '..e-.' _.K . ~'- ~‘ c ...-03 -'. o-' ‘ I 4'. e 'a‘ ‘ at“) o 4 . '
‘ ' . ‘ ,. ;
. . . ‘ . , . . ..
- . ‘ ' s ‘ ‘ '. C
I u an.‘ - . .' .' ' 3 '. .’ ‘ '. but k .... ‘ A. ‘3 ' J I. - . . . . .-
I
. 1 .
I ‘ .' 1 . ~ , ‘ . ’ ‘ - s ' ‘ . .. u, - . v. . . . '. c
> .- u n - . Q . . '.I- ‘ - J .- .. " v1 \' h ‘I ‘ - "‘1‘." ' '-‘ . {1| : ..‘ "~ I
v . . -_ . we.
. - ~. _- . a . , - . ' , . u. -
. a , k c - ’
-1 ... ' ' .‘ ‘A. - 8' ‘.~ ‘ ~t.. -' ’z' ‘ ' n -’ e V 4 ' g. t a ' J‘ .'O ‘ Q. -'~-- ‘.’J
l .. A
‘ .. ' . ' _ .
' _ ' " ‘ .- ~ I '1 l . '. ‘ . r ‘ . ..' ‘ l ,
. ~o’-' ‘.A ' . "- )‘4 4 ' \ .. ’ .‘.. ‘ .. , j' -' ‘- .‘.y -_, k.. I “I1 '..:1 - ‘.I‘
I_‘ \'
. .
O -t . . ..v '.I . '.s .-‘.'-O -'\ 1“ :1 R ~ - ‘ .
— f - A - - a p
‘ ‘ ' .‘ . . - " r ". ' r0! . In g, .‘.... ‘
.‘ l- r a‘. a. - . ' 4 ‘ . '- _-.,- ~' Q "" ‘ ‘ . h," § C .“ - ’ J...
l
|
; . . . : . ~ . -. A ... . -, , .
. - .’.Vif‘..- I- 6. .$_ 0' -' ‘. I ' .- ‘ " ‘.‘I .5 - .0 ...l - ‘.' ., I
1
l- ,
. . _ ._ _ 7 . I . . — - .'.
’.’ ~ y ‘ > ' '.‘ . ', ' 'C
. ‘ ; «..‘! . l‘ .. Av . 0 -I out s.| ‘ I ., .. ’ ‘. - .- .. -.. .' ,J , . [.‘.Jub. .g
I
§ , . . a '
‘ i ’ r l . ‘- ' ' . v . , ' - . ', . y . : ..-.
I an .I . , . < . x ’ .
. .-‘ . o . ._uJ’ ..‘) _ ‘ I ‘ _.-. { ._,. _L‘ ‘.'l .J.‘ . .. _.. ._v _‘ ’ s _. ' .... ‘
!
n ‘ r ' o
r w. - -- n - - ‘ . -
. 1 . I ‘ c , 1 ~. r I‘ " ’
. “-1 ‘ ‘-’ ' —. ..‘ I -' ~‘ ' ' e — .-._ - ‘. ' ‘ " “ a ' ”‘... \,
' ' . 1v; ' . Hi... " '1 " - . ,... —
' - ’ l ‘ ‘ :
-.--.. . . ._-' .3..J -9 . .1...--.-u .« ..~..“.'.. .I« -5 «.-. _a . .v '.’ l ..
. _ ' . .. .
~ , . . I . «1‘ ' \ " - 1 - . * . .
‘ ‘..} u. .71“.- - - 0 W . -‘-. on s. a” . .. ~ s. I .. L-~. 1...
‘
v - - - , i ‘1‘ I. . I ' ' c . I . : v i I | " . "
t. 1. . - . . -,‘ 1' n.- -.‘ '7‘ h. ..‘ 3 l .‘ - 3‘ ‘ ‘.‘“; ‘ - tn...‘ ‘. .. 2 t.’ - A
y . .
i
I
.1 . ‘ ‘ ' r, ' I D ‘ ~ ' l' t i V " 'l " .. ’ A ' i . '
‘ A v \ r < ' .l ' v‘ '
l g, ‘ \ .""-‘ ‘ -‘ " - f I ,‘~ 0 .'I -" ‘ J‘. .- -~ V—z5.".(‘ ..’ A it. .‘- L.- .J J. ‘.v‘ ‘ - ..‘ ‘ .- ‘
] _
‘ . I . _ ‘ . ‘ {
. r . . ,« . - . - -, . .. ., . .,, , ...... ,
‘ . . x. , t- o
‘ ' Y . , -" s‘ l a- ‘-- . ~.' \ ‘1 ‘I‘l .'.-;-‘- '1‘} l \, s. '. ' t. g '- ...l 'L
- \ a
. u
.' . - r
5‘ '5 s. I Q ' ' ‘ ‘ " ' ‘ ' - ' 'n‘.’ " , ~- g s -' ' ' . " ‘
* '. l . . - I
. . ‘.1 . L ,, ,1 u .,l . . ‘ ‘l I, . IA . .~. . l t ‘ ‘.. - n‘ .‘ .. . . pJ ‘ 33.41. .' l ‘.. .’ ‘.' (' ’1}- _
e. .9, .--~.-m.-¢. '.'—---. _.-—Dose. .- --- -
. u.
e | I I I a I C. o
. ( ‘ . . .. , - .. - . w i .
. 4 ) . s u - . I - . - n
Y. o - . . ‘ , r. . .'. ' ‘ J I. a- " ~-' . n‘ ’ 'i.’ L! '. - ._l. l. -' "- -r' i u‘ .'l 0.; {f ’. " - I. ‘ '
- . J o ..l
. ~‘ J .E \ _
0 v. - z ' » ~
" ,,. ‘ ,. . -’ ,. .- r
I H ' - _ - . . . _. .
. c -- ~ - .‘. -«~.-- ... .-. .‘.. . .t.
i ‘ '<
I ' r ' . K . ' ' " " . .’ '
I ’ - v 0 ‘~ -—\ - 4--... g ' .
1 - s
l
I .
. I
‘ i

 

69

State average.

The plant changes of the past-lumber period altered
northern monotopic mature forests into massive areas
of interspersed second growth, which were periodically
reduced by fires to seedling beds. These changes
presented to the ruffed grouse large areas of ideal
habitat... Today we still have abundance and scarcity,
but it is doubtful if the magnitude of abundance will
ever approximate the early records. It is more than
likely that our now-fire-free maturing timber has a
dampening effect on each period of partridge abundance.
Management efforts will alleviate local limiting
factors and concentrate birds, but large-ggale abundance
will come through no direct human effort.

vegetative cover is quite varied and should be capable of

producing a good ruffed grouse population.

The Lake and the adjacent undisturbed shoreline provides

prime nesting habitat for the bald eagles, osprey, and great
‘blue herons. The author personally knows the location of five
eagle nests within five miles of the Lake.

One eagle's nest and three osprey nests are known to

be active on the Chippewa Flowage. In view of the
precarious position of these species nationwide,

efforts should be made to assure the continued occupancy
of these nests. These locations are purposely not

shown on any map...1est additional publicity results

in further disturbance of the nesting areas.3

 

36Robert A. McCsbe; "Some Aspects of Wildlife and Hunting
in Northern Wisconsin"; The Natural Resources _o__f_ Northern
Wisconsin' p. 62.

 

37Department of Natural Resources; "Public Recreation
on the Big Chip"; 1968; pp. 17-18. -

 

 

 

_. I" '—
C
“ 1 - I‘
. r , ..' -9
o -_ I . .
. . . ~ , P ‘ l . ’ - _ ' I " .
.... -.J-..' -. . - _ ' ,-~.."".'- I .I.-. v ., E '.‘ .- .. -_ '. _.
. ‘ - ' - - .I . " .
u r o . '.' . r ‘ . . I ,
.. I . I! - . - .11. ‘4 9.. 1- '.:.‘ . '. '... .‘ ..‘... s ' -.‘. fl- .- \J‘)‘ :.'. 4.1-9 I' :1.
I A I , I O '
F . . - '. I .I ' . I; I . fl . I' I ' - I
In». .vL.-.~ '-..: , ,. ¢-~ ..m- -..-. .
a - I I .
? 7‘ I I ' :. "I " I I I I I '
I IA 'I i '...“ ."a . l ..-. Q '1 ' \4' ' . .‘ ' .'so :. ‘ ‘.' ' . . . .( - ‘ ‘-"\ « .’
. I, -
‘ ., ’ , . . ‘ .. .. i'. ( . .a .‘. ‘ . .
. . - "a ' I .. I ‘ ‘ ‘ ' . , .
..'... ' .\ a {i ’c.‘ . -. - ' .I‘IU‘-.. -. ‘ -‘QI‘ . E ‘ J- .: c" n. ‘..‘y I..‘ L . ‘ - J -‘. ‘
. . I r _ III, , I I. I I ‘ b 'I '.‘"- ,. 0‘ I ‘I .. . I . _.-; , (:f‘I"
c ' .‘qu’.‘. a. ..' l - I - 9 o ‘ II -' 'l! . -..'..a I_I ~.' 0 .‘. 'oc'...-. O ..-' .--- - ‘-‘
I ..
' l I v ' .. t a‘ ' I I _ ‘
| ' ' "' . ‘ ' ‘ ' .-' . ' ~.' . ‘ -. ' 'I - ’ - I '
- ...... ~ A ‘ " s " 'l' " - ‘ ‘ E " - - ‘.'L ’ ' '1‘ -.I - a J- 1J- - ' it ‘- \' .f. u‘ -.. u—J’ “
.
i‘ .I- a I I -- —. ‘.‘ . e - II ‘ I ‘Iv
" .‘. ti! ... . _. ..' .’.. -.' ’.'. g- . .‘ . I-.I 1. L. -\ ‘ I. .1. a . ’
’ ‘ \ I . ‘ I :- I :
| ‘s I .V ' ' I P . " . ' I I ' -'. 'I- IMI ,
' 'f ' 1" ~ (“ -‘. .' A - ‘ ‘l~ I ‘ ' ’v - - - -.-.. nI Li‘ll p-' I: Q' ‘4 -. ;o~~ ‘.‘.v-c‘o
I a I I
I , , .- , . ,. . ~ . - I. :1 . < I ' v
. I ./ . ' ' '... I‘ IL. I ‘ .. -'.-’ —~i ' o- \‘ ‘ .‘ -'.- I ' ’... ‘1'. ' ‘ ‘Ak‘ 5. ’- ‘q. -' - . 1"I“ ‘- ' V
I .
. . .. o . .
. . ‘. . or - .‘ . I_ ‘ . '\ - s |- .~ '. I II a.
. ‘ -v-l-. .' ...l ... b'--:-‘-'.. l'~~ l ‘.‘. J - '.-.-q.:‘ d'u-Lac. lied - \o _ho~ll \JI‘A 'vl‘ - ‘ '-‘.I
a -.. ’. I S . ' -I-,a a (I ‘ -1 ..‘ '.’ . If I 3.... ..‘.. . _ . f. l' 7‘ ' I ‘. ,‘f . .
'. {-x‘- I3.I' ' .. _‘g I- ., ‘.. .-..‘.),\ ...-‘15.! (Inf-.‘. ..' ...: “3“} .J-)~.I".|[--.~‘ ‘ l'va ‘.‘ - \‘..) . II.
I: k . . I I .
. , . I .
,. >, —I - - I'v .... I . - I - -I ,. - ...-. ‘ s ‘ s I _
' ..' .’.-.‘.: ... o.;';£..v.} ..I. .5... '.' (1‘1 l.‘ rroL.-a.'J -". ‘.« ..J... a
I .
' ‘ I I 'l I‘ I ‘.. I I , E I. ' .M‘. - . r- ,I . o- V'I I I ‘ y'! ~
— .' I. - ' u~" ’.‘ c -'. "-|J" '0'. a "' 0‘“ .‘: V l'-' . “. ‘0.. .‘h ' 0' ‘.’ " . ~ . fl ‘.‘-1 ‘
I
. .
:-O ,5 I .I V , . ,.I b 0 ~ "I . 1 . --Q < r I" ~ .' fl t I II A, . .
. .{Z(«'....'- ;.I,.i_..l 1.: ...I.'\I-.I, l i.-...~....‘..-_r. ;.-.._".'I. -I I I_.-_:, .,L-.L-_..»-
O l‘ ' —.
I I v v‘ ' 3‘ I . f ' ' '.. ' ‘ a
. . . , . , , . '~ ,« v D I ‘1 \
i s. I. . ‘I ' ‘.‘ ‘... L ..‘.‘ -._- .’. ." L‘ ""‘} \I.‘.'.}a 1‘ ..J 1 .'.- ‘ i "I. .\'J :. [‘.' ..‘.. ,'l ' . ‘ ,\
V I r I o
s I I
” .‘ ‘ . ‘ - ' . In! " - ' l‘ ' « -_ . -, . . I I .
s' ' N . l ’A‘f ‘\‘o v" 'Iia’ ‘( ‘s '... - I .l "n ..’-‘J ."‘.‘-—-o on. h'c‘s-. :II . ".4~.J \;;:‘.I .I .- "
. a
r ' u v - , .' . f
I , — - . s ' , I . v-, .. _. v.I . . . a' , h ' ‘ I- t: I
. ‘ , .I . ._ l I ' . , . .' ' ‘
If“... _.. tt.«.- ». '...x. 1-: t. tan. ‘.‘...-..::.'f.~..-...~.t “01.13;.- .. .;. .IJ .'.1: 3..-.
.
|
I ' b ‘ . i‘ O —, U I. ' Q
I . I. -. . '. .oI .I I I. . s . . I . .' ,I '. .‘ ,.I
t . ‘ ~'1 ‘ ‘ ‘ ‘ ' ~ ‘- ‘ ‘u‘ ' 4‘ .\ fl- .‘ “‘ Ar!) 1' .- O‘- '0- '~ .' a ‘3 _ 1‘ ‘J -’ § 'I> v L I ~ .'.- ‘

~ . - ~ -- -., ~ _- - I - .. :05 ‘ . ~5 - - '- - .
'. .z e l.. . I .-. 41* '. ,..U 11-.....1 L; is 4:11.: .. '1. {17‘- .22..“
. - t . . . . I u
. I’” l ‘ ') I :0 -.9 g _ .‘l _‘I ~ ‘ g . 2' ‘ ‘ ‘ ..'" "“'..a- _ .
. .-l .' -.'.: .4.7...‘.‘ a.-.‘. g ' ..- \'_,. . Er ,..,~'-'(!....‘ n.- ..31.-. hi: ..IJ., ..‘..“3‘0 ..'?!
I ~. A .
I . a I . '- o I u-
‘ ;“ ‘. '.l“, ' I '. f' ' . " ' ' ' ', ' " ‘l-' . ‘- ‘ ' .
{ .‘-'-.. -‘.£.“I‘-\“',"‘L 0.5 '..-5. I‘. '.... 1 y. .50 ‘l‘,’.: I". ‘.‘-.'sI I."L‘. .n!,‘s-b‘-.’ “ "

.. v I. . t .
‘. ..'.-s.- 1.... 1!”! Ron; J-‘xol ..' 1’

.L' ‘ . ' v ‘ I '. ' ' .'. ' ' '.‘ "-I "‘ '
'; 7.1!:3;E'_~.‘I..’.,‘. I, J.:,'_ .‘1,’.".. . :1“: ..'..V’IJImyz.) {~J .{J‘s’SZJ'I .‘I‘.

. . . I Iv ,I - I I .- " -."‘ l I' 1 . 4| _-_ ‘ ' 4 . v. . . v-I. . - a3
.1 '1..‘.' ‘ v_ .‘.I‘rl , ...". ~ . ‘ ..,,-l ‘, |I,U_._._i 3"... “I“. I (,. It ..- . \.-s \ ‘..].l ‘ [I . A. J ‘, ..
‘. . '. .‘ ; . . . l "’.'l. '. ("".I ‘. I' ' ’ f! " y.‘ I. ‘ ' . l H. r‘ " .' ' (I, II
‘.r'cc -.....' -.fi.'..~.\.-- I ....I.--.A...--'..I.".r.- .— .. la... 0* ~‘-- g is d.(J I '.k-u
.

C . ' .

V C
0'.:~ ‘ '. .l.’ ’“ -‘ ".' !; II. ."" - -‘ ‘- ". I. "‘ ." ‘.' '
. Isfur- ' .\ ’U L {1-3.-8I1..$i.'. .. 1.3‘I .I. '.‘ a) ‘.‘ J: I‘J, -| ._ fi“! ...} h" ..- ‘.La-s ...-‘0.» ’. .L

- .‘ -’.. . -' -a -- C .I"-- -1‘ but- a‘_ ..-.-. ““1" -u"! - -

I
. .'I .
I ~ ‘ a . , . ' Q . ' I. I-
' I. . fv . I . , I I - ,-_ . I ~ ‘ I - O ._‘ I Is I- r “ 0-. .' ' -
t I. '.‘ ‘ I r ‘ . v ., _' _ .'. .'. . I. I vs - ‘ ‘yl‘. ..' l .l t . .F J "‘-h Na 4 O ' ‘.’ t‘y-Im -‘ — ‘4
. I
. O .
“" -‘ l ’ I- a ' ‘ . - '. - "e\ '.’ 0 f 4 ... - - I. h. A ~'-‘ ~. , ‘ |
. . I . I . II I .. ~ — - - ‘ 4 ' l . ‘ ' ' I I ‘, a V o .
I,-, 4 -~ - .I- .4 I: o » ‘1 ..- -‘.‘a G. .,O a -' .., ‘ ... . 3. -§_ 1 .- a ‘ - lJ -
- ._ - -v r o . —~- - .I- I. ...I ‘4. a a Ca. ._-..':. ”._,- -~--‘~ -.. .. o o I-
a. s
. - I I an I v
. “a so, .‘1 I |.. ..‘. ' -— x",.- .
aka- - g g .. , a- - ‘-
i
. M l
a . s - i'
I . D‘ r .I . a .'. - -' ... '.’ _‘ . ..' I. \ sI
\ I - l . 4_ 'l . . . - I '
L - ~l - ‘ ‘ '- ~~ dlci A _u ' ! 3 ‘ ’ (I. ‘ I ‘- -’. a a u - ‘1 I‘I“ — s.) o L-‘\ 1“ us} .I ‘l
‘ I

 

 

70

Osprey populations appears to be decreasing. The great blue
heron feeds and nests in areas similar to the eagle and
osprey and.may soon follow the same corridor. Preservation
of the undisturbed shoreline of this lake is of the utmost
importance in maintaining a desirable feeding and breeding

habitat for these three species.

In early historical accounts, deer were recorded to be both
scarce and plentiful. The tall pines with little understory,
heavy snow, and a population of wolves and Indians account
for the sparse accurance of deer on the southern shores of
Lake Superior, according to Schorger.38 In the years before
the loggers scattered pine chips and sawdust over the trail-
ing arbutus, only moderate inroads on the deer population
‘were made. By 1840, the logging industry began its expansion
to be followed closely behind by mmny major fires.

Opening the forest floors to sunlight by ax and fire

fostered a growth of plans which formed a superb

food and cover base for a deer pepulation. The

response was extended and hunting opportunities ex-

panded. The legal bag for deer has since then been

altered many times in response to fluctuating populat-
ions and to public pressure.

 

38.A.‘W.Schorger; 1953; The White Tailed Deer in Early
'Wisconsin; Trans.Wis. Acas. Sci., Arts and Letters; 42;
197-247.

39Robert A.McCabe; "Some Aspects of Wildlife and Hunting
in Northern Wisconsin"; The Natural Resources of Northern
Wisconsin; p. 58.

 

 

 

 

\
;' I. - ‘ - v ' . " ' ‘ I . 'l ‘ . ' I
. . ' . n . 4 \ u . . I .‘ . |
f _' 's ' ..l . I ' .‘ l > ' , C - l _... la 7!. ' - ' {4 I «J ‘ ud o ’ - ‘ l ‘.‘ ‘ u). ‘4 . 17L ‘ ' t." ‘-b a ‘ l ‘ I
w.’ - v
V . . I C r
‘ . , - - ‘ u . -. . I _ ‘ (r ~ A -. . ¢ 1 O x
J . J ._', h ‘ "xu ‘.-? - . -. ' ...'c ‘..-'-‘...A ..l" ‘..}. ifu‘...“»: i’l. ’ ‘ ~.— '..A ‘ ‘.4 ..~J"~‘-
‘ . I . ,
.- A. r. ' ‘ . . ‘ v‘ r y .. I ... ' . -~ ~__ 0 .1. .
1‘.’ . ~ .‘ .' ..~ ‘ ‘ _I . _ ‘ . . _{‘._- 5' :' I. u ‘I—’ .." _‘,D ‘ . _t .‘.... j . . 113'} ‘7 4 ii 'l.
in \ ‘
- - - ' ' ' " . t- ' V. . . ‘
' ° , a .- ‘ " " . “ 'l ‘ ‘ ' '. “ I'. V, ' ' I
. a ‘. .z o -‘ .‘t ‘3 .4 .'.! '..... - ‘.a't‘l... 0-1... ‘.S.’ -‘.L) {."-'-J..L-4‘- — \J’ ‘I '~ ~"-‘ ...1 1' L-‘1 -. '.‘: ..‘.l
- . . . H W p “NW.“ -~.-‘ r ’
‘§... "‘.‘ . . ‘ I a..) _ . .' .1 . ‘..-. ..'.‘-‘ J... .o ..' i a“: -.{J ,.,b_i..!. 'I' ..‘.l. -.’.i- ‘4‘} . a" tsoa
'. x - l«- ~¢ .-‘ h ' w . "} -g - '. ‘; fv" .
.(n’... u "H J. .‘ -3 .‘.. r. 1‘4 Ask, .- J'cs‘ .1 L’...
‘ " I- p: 1 i» H“-.. " ' . A ' " f “'.' .’f .,, \‘ "'..‘ l '(1.‘. ' . *u‘l’.‘ '.' ‘ x
14. - ‘ ' . I A $ '~} I ‘ I .‘ '. - .3 .- . ‘ . -' - ..' .’ .-.' ‘ ‘.. ‘.J lbw ._ -..’~¢ ‘ .'. ll ., '4. ..'. 4.; -J . ... .54. . .\. ..'. 1.. ’ .5 ..
b
x’_ . ‘ v. ; - l ' ' ..- ~ ' “ ... '7 . ' 9' . . !' r 1‘ n a . r
c .S‘ 5» .\ ..' ‘.‘-’.‘ .'....J-o' .“ .. ' '..l . .ll ';-. I. . .‘., ......“v' \‘ uhL . o- -. .' -'I-,-' '-." '0 r. “ u.‘-- . ..‘ur‘
3. ’- A
. '.‘ " - , '.' I
' .s ,- 0 ' p 1' .' ’ '.‘ ‘ '1 ' v '. ‘a I ‘ ..’ -' -'v f' -"n - ',t" ‘ -.O‘ '.’
-"A‘“~'."d -'-! ‘n ‘.'J- ' l..l. o n; v t. .'I-".L'.. -‘L l.-(a..~l:¢-&.J-"“.?'l .J !’.__-_._"| g" “'.'!u . . I---JJ
.0 0 § ‘
- v I ' ‘- ‘
- . v -- . J '.. , . -. ”l ‘ , . - . ., ‘ ~. ._‘ ' ' .. t .’~ . . . ‘ .‘_ r.- r. . ‘. . D '
v. t ’ "-.. -.'! ::.¢‘I. ‘R .‘. -.'- .‘.} I -‘U‘.-‘ - " :~ (5.3 ‘o‘\‘ 1": ‘.' I.- -‘~ '3 ' ~25~ '3' "‘ .‘o._. 3‘ ~42 ‘3 -.:.' ’ U 33 .J -| t --
o r"
F - - ‘ ‘1 . Q ‘ . l o ,' t .
I‘y -‘ ‘ ' 't .‘ t. ’ ." 4 ‘ ' _ \ r ' ‘ ‘ l ' 'l ‘ "".,g r . g" . '
F 4 ... f. V). ,1 ' ' oginu’ ‘-:-‘I . .... ‘.’ ‘.‘.“ "J (..‘. ‘0‘. o‘-\)J~.B . Ah}... ~l\'_';-" ‘;--'$.-.‘b‘
. . . . - -- -. - .. r ,
' . a '.' . .. n, n¢l - . 3,. p. , ‘ . ' . . ‘. .~ > " '.'" .. ' 9‘ ’.‘ a
"'. .. ‘ - -.f .0 -'.. .-'.: '.'.Jl' . v ..s c 3'4.) . 1...”..1- '...‘.‘...).:.nu o 3 (.....5‘.. ,(‘A #3:.)
. . v _ \~ . r 1 ' u
r . ‘ ' ' . _ , ’ . . ’... r ‘ r. ‘ ~ y 4 ‘.‘ .‘., ‘5 ._ V" I . . I (. .'.. '7 , '. ~. 0 'v .
‘.'.‘J- ‘1 3.. .\ “ -’ ’ ‘1..‘ ..'i:.0 '- \ ’1 ' ‘. n I’J r) n. .6, .9 -( i...‘.‘.‘1’\.‘ ‘ ‘uJJu-I '1‘; r‘. ... ‘ ’A.'.“
‘t‘ .. -- - ‘.’ 4‘ “' .-1'-"'“ i'h' (ii. "-55“; “-5? "\:.7' . ,--.' z :
‘1._'._g.. '. ..., I.~l-1. L. !' .‘~ ‘ ‘.l'.. .£I.\ \‘ .""".,I -1. »-’J.J .‘J'l‘s‘.. L ' .-'~lu¢.‘~‘ . ..'" . c
. ‘ - . I: ‘ o q a . r l V_ . f _
' .‘ , .l . ' ."' 1' "V" ’ " ‘ ,. \ ' .’ ' ' " ' -. a.‘ ’V " n
.0 .‘.A-’ -. “(1. 3;.th "in? .-' 21“"; ’L‘ i..-“ L‘4;-) iJ--':'d(.:4..[‘l.‘. -.~J Lu"
~
_I t: w ‘- ‘ .
‘ ' ,'."‘ ‘ ’I ‘ ".' ‘.o - "' '.' “ ‘ 1 " " -" "I '. l‘. I \"' ’ i :‘I " -') ‘
- I - -... i .‘1-‘5 a .1 ‘qk Jo ‘\ .‘ ‘.‘-'1'“ ' ‘ \l‘ \‘y‘ «'.‘: (ll. ”5 w: .1- ’ -‘.‘5-L 5“ a_J '—“J-‘..‘ -~.) ‘.‘ ..’
. _ u - ‘
I . - ' . ‘ --' -' . '. . ’
‘ _ . . V o , . _... . V. ' '. o . I ' . 1 , ’ '.‘. ‘ . . , e . "o , '. . '.. I r... O. - . -
‘u .. ‘ ‘ l-‘Oi I.‘ B“ ~ ‘.. ‘-‘-P‘ 3-‘\-‘- A. ~ '44- J‘th. ..'-‘.’ 34""‘-' 4, ‘ ‘5 '-"~..‘ I" '..: V; ‘14:
. ‘ ._
I)! .‘. 1.: . ': W ‘ .'- I’ ’ " .1 “ .- '.. . '.‘ ' .’ ( ’.‘."‘ '7‘" ‘. L I
.‘..I. .‘.1'. ...~ I.. - “.. ..- ‘ a-I I! .'."- ”'14” I .‘.-J v '-~' ’.‘-min: t't/UJ.
1 ‘ _u ’ ,c,‘ , , v I ' '.‘ f. C V .3. a . .‘ , ‘ . ‘
, ~ '4 ‘ , v . ‘n , , ‘ 'n» - ‘ , . - _. . .
.'. « P -.'..s-'...'I.-..U MU L’- -iu-"l4 : 12:4 .u’un'. J:..'.J. I nun: --.°~. ..uw ;..1.s
, t
. I ' f ' ,, v
, .-. , ‘ .- . u . .3. . ._ ‘ ., ., -. .... , V.’ .. ' " ‘. i .s ' . _ ‘. '.' -‘ ; rs u-
:‘ . L. (a. .. ‘0 -.‘",s,‘ (‘. sin-1'. ,...‘. ru’ A'JJ. “':3(4 {-1}, 1.2: ...-'-.; ‘ .'."u....‘l.'!.n-",
.-
’- . '. ‘ , ', . t :‘ _ _.. ‘ a ‘ - ..A. . “-.r. . 1- .‘. ‘. ,- .; ... 2 . . . ,. ‘.... 2._ .1; .4. _"l.
DI y)..."-“ Y ‘  '-’ . ’1‘.'c\t ‘.JJJ“ ..‘ «‘-'- -5 ‘.'...‘D '.‘. a. 1‘5"" ‘1 J J- :4.“ ‘50-»". ..’-UV fi r 1“ " 3 w) uv~JJA L’.‘
.1 -- l
' .. r" ‘ _ a .
.~' .- ‘.,,. , ...... . ,‘3. '1.- : -‘. .' ..‘ , .-
...J" u“. t; 'I-J -1‘.‘ -.'.‘ .‘. ...-.‘ix ‘.‘.) t l- g.) 1.4!.“3...
--4- --v-.‘.—b-—s—- “..--'...-w.
. ‘. r' ‘ -‘ . ' ,‘ "‘-- 1 _ _ , .. -c ..U,
... c ' r. .. ‘ '3 ’ M ' ‘ ‘ .5 . . . .. ... - L‘ _ .
“ 4'. .. t l... .t . ”..’ ' b.- .-p‘-'*. J. .'. 'u‘ .‘..ag. «.r.‘ ' J. ' - .1. ~ .-. t J. 1' .§.(‘l.n...:‘| . . -. . n- 9.
u
. . ,, J - 1 '~ I.
" ‘ o- L‘, " r I. - \ . _ x n. ‘9' PO. ' g .- -- ' . ; ,‘ n
t“ I c '- ..‘slr. v ‘2' ? ‘J 4 ' .‘ * . ..‘.“... . L0 J 1' l . .4..- . ..OJ.‘J-L- ‘ ..’. (35.1“..1 "..g .
r-I \ g‘ -. ¢
~ - I-
. ‘ "OI ‘ ‘ .é.
.- , ' . ..‘I "’ ' . .‘. . T ' a ’ \ .
x I. f , I ’ ' . ‘ ... I. ' '7 . .. w (_ ~ . v f _ ‘ r» . y n. A . . . u «.
...." h" 3.4:. *I"4"' vi -' n5..'. . -‘. .‘. O ..1'.l \v-o ~-' ' ~‘ \1--‘ ‘ I. .‘ I “'i.l-‘.J\ . .‘2 J Olin .(
- '. . r , ' v
‘ . -'.. ‘ ' H l‘ . . '.‘, ' .. ,‘v ‘.'“ ‘ ' " ' J '3’ - . . I r ' .' .. - -,- I‘ ' 4‘ .
..‘.. .. L.- .‘ Lynx -- ~ S" . ‘1 - l‘ a p. ..' -~-r-A'-.5 l.“d "$;-L ‘ £$..2.;\\)\}D'-_'_ . (I .‘-J ‘.‘“! . ‘.‘:A tJ“

71

Today the basic problan is to keep deer and deer habitat in
balance and to encourage maximmn allowable harvest for the
good of the deer, the forest, the hunter, and the economy
of the northern part of Wisconsin.
In my opinion, one of the major game-management accomp-
lishments in recent years has been the "variable quota"
system of deer harvest developed by the-Wisconsin Conr
servation Department. In brief, it attempfis to promote
harvest in accordance with deer abundance.
The Chippewa Lake is located in Wisconsin Conservation
Department management Unit 13, and it provides about 2.6% of
the deer range in the entire unit. I[he most recent popula-
tion survey which was made in 1964 estimated the over winter
deer p0pulation at 12-20 deer per square mile of deer range.“1
Compared with past survey data, there has been an increase

of about 5 deer per square mile from 1957 to 1964. The

deer harvest in Unit 13 has increased to 3 deer per square

13113042

Since the Indians are allowed to hunt on tribal grounda in
the vicinity of the reservation and lake area, the deer

populations are below average for the management area.

 

4°Ib1d; p. 58

“-0.8.Department of Agriculture; "Lake Chippewa Flowage
Report"; 1967. - .

42lbid; p. 48

’5:

 

 

 

 

 

o
t I V e . Q
d ' z~ . g. . “u 4 ‘.‘ .
‘- ' .I‘ s ...- " '.‘ -.. \l l.’ “"“) ,‘I.“ ‘
_. ‘ H ' I 1. v '0 (a 1 , *: ‘v - ‘1 .
I. ..a . ‘ - x.) rm. ‘1' ... 0‘... ,._-, n, 1 La-..-
. a
,_ ‘ . r~ “ ..'. ‘ ‘.. ._ ' . ' _ .’
. r ‘ \‘~} -_o . I.) ')I.a O ‘ -~\ I. (I‘m...
.
_- \ ’ “ V - , ..‘ °' .- ..' ' l‘.
. ~- .‘ 0 .,LI .‘.. e' I ‘n. J - ‘
. - I ‘ ’
~ . ~{< - c - -.,¢ .1- * - '
.1..a‘..- ..'3. . . ‘IJ - I’J 15} -.' '-
- O. _ _ _s ll‘ ~O.‘
-.'. . ’ ,.~ i. {2.19“ 4.. I ;-' .f‘...
'-
I' 1' ' a‘ - u‘ -I I _-
- r: ' . " -- ' .‘ 1 , .
._ J \ . ' u' - ‘l-‘§s ‘ ‘ ~-' A " '~ 4! —‘ '0 ‘.’ 5' Q‘- ‘ -' 'w ..‘
n~ , a
‘.J- ..‘ ,‘_ . . a. - ‘
. .._I,x-.. ..‘!u.;. y
‘ -,‘ t 7" '.., ’.‘ . v . . . . .._
‘.., ..Ja. v.1.-'-..~Ln‘§- .:,‘.‘..-A.H..\j..
.‘. ‘ - a
, . . ' , .,,. V v t .g.
-..} .,, o. . ..e.‘ '.' .1 r.....-‘ .’t‘.'.-. --.
I '<' .5 , . x t
ewe!‘ t I‘. - ‘ " 1- - a" ‘ I l
. - r.‘ l A “Lt .-b,‘. . ‘.‘,H ’1 .
.. , ‘ " ‘ ‘.
. - . n. u ’..f . . ‘. . . - .‘
-' .'. ‘..,t ..‘ . ._H, l: _. “.‘. '.... n.) _.....d.-.‘ «-1 ' .
F
.
‘r ._ ‘
'- .13 « ~ -
‘ ~ . H. , . x ‘. - . . L‘. ‘.'. . ’.‘
' g H K ;-. .-.-.‘.. -x' -'.. . ..,,..3]; a.
- .. -. 7‘ .» p~ ‘ .
1‘ $1 .' ..'-. in“. l..- ' .‘. ea -'.r " .' .‘.iJ
'»... . f‘ ‘
f ‘ a - ‘1' ' v n < 0'
.1 .‘. . . ' ‘-.-4. “\’ \ .‘- e. ‘- Sn)—
. . A. . ,,
‘.’ .. '_, fl '.. '( .|. . .~ . . _.. -. -‘.
..J .'..-)..' M J» 7'. ‘ ‘.»’ ‘.. ‘Y_. -' ‘.’ .
N J
I t " '1‘ '.;‘- "- l I! 1:." ' '1 l - “‘ ' 5"
" ‘J. ‘2‘!” - I} . ‘1 ..‘-.1“.- Jud ‘(t' .1-‘1. L4
.' u
l w ‘ ' . ' ‘. . :. a .' -
- -' ‘ '3'. -J){s' ‘ r1 ' - 3’ - Ion..-‘4;. 1‘

 

v. \ .. l
.'.;v wIJ.
e
.. I

. I
0‘ ‘ .

I
.s h
‘ -7 . ‘ ' . ‘ . e . — j‘ '
‘ . a; i n‘ u. .' ‘-'. ‘J‘ wa' . ... q . A '54 A-.. '... ’ ‘ ‘\." .a
I -
- ,- 'v ‘ 3!" r,: ' ' .- " ‘r. ' (a ': I f- I. s
-y "‘1 . . ‘ .’.. :. J‘ -. V: ‘.‘ [J‘IO -'-.l.(,.:-.'_.:
.l f e ...L‘. ‘ -\ u ‘ J 2 ' A A
~.’L..l ‘.JQ- ..‘).l ...".-J ‘ .-- .". - a.“ .-.‘s ..‘.-‘.‘}.
t.""(-' , I; '9‘ ”w m' .'-"‘"' ‘a i. ' ('
e in!) .‘ 0...! ..‘ .. -Aa ,V a. ... ..‘ .e\'a.. -. ... .‘ h.
. \ ' - v -
.-. _. -I .. ~ ~ _ ’.‘, -‘
{..‘ '.. ..’.‘f-’ - ..' c .‘.-.‘.: ¢ ‘."s’p 5|.J 'e.‘ (‘1 ’ ‘1-
' .. - .'. . - .. ‘. ‘
‘. I’- y‘ , . 4 . 1 , l I
.’.‘If n... ‘ o .11 '..-..’-k 1‘.' Sadht-"w $.93
I
'.' '- ‘ .
g . -.‘ ..., p- a. ' r - - J '.v . y.
- . ‘ ‘e’ ". v4 0 f m“ ’-: ‘ a' :1 9‘ ‘1‘ — - v-I ‘ a \‘ ‘ a . 5;!
I n ‘ C
- ', - c a-- ‘ eh.- (. ‘ q, u 0' o;
.(x. J... .thll. ..'..'-~’- “ '.‘ .‘.‘;:-.’.‘.‘;.
. g ' ' I II q
' ~ ' I ' -. .. ' - '~ . v
.' ‘..fi- '» .v-v.,!.:.‘l '.1) I" (I :3... a: ‘a .‘.. .' uh‘
.. . l‘ .. e ' n
, . . -. -‘.. , ,, s , ,‘ . ‘ 7 .
. “..' {.LA 3" |'-.L Nut. .‘. .‘n' is . " 1 ..92‘ .‘.-‘..L
H o _. 4 7. . .
> .x ~ 4 - .. ., n ‘. . 9
I-D“ c '. -L ..‘ J :..' Ln‘ ‘ ‘. ‘. 4e.“ '.'“J.I P‘: ‘ u.- ‘ l ‘. - :l‘ ‘ In I»
-9 ' , .- . ’. . ...-A . ' . .-
. ‘ » .. ‘ . l , ' . l ,
~‘.' ‘ei, -’ 4" U“)>.’ .’J.e.’ l‘.‘ . J; T'-‘ .‘.-J-o ‘J ,“‘-~
- I
, ,r 3 t ,- (‘0' .‘ .‘. i) .7 .’. ‘ '.' "i" ueo -'-
{ | .4. e. . Ir". )3: v Ql-l.a ‘...I. Le'l .‘.)V ..'..)‘. "(,'.’\ .‘
" A.‘- ~"|.|. 'I‘n. ‘..: "1" ‘.'.j' I' _, a ' ‘ .
4".) ‘5‘ ' .9 J-a ~.~-~. no. :’ ‘J .'. 4|..-K- .\ .s a -1 ' |‘
.- .c .v , -..... .I._ V .0 ' . n
_ | \l I - _ N , , . v e .i .
.4 t in; l- a.- ., J .I ...!w. .a '.’: 1.-.”: v. . A, ; ”.._ &.-,-
\- .\ _«
'~ ' ' c. b N. 'r , .‘r -- “"- f '. V‘ ‘E v,{‘ ("I {h '.
..‘V o'..o.—'e. ) 4.14;"; eh ."o.“ . . n! ‘.' ‘3. 0‘ v“‘ .‘\ d9 n‘ a '
' I ' . '.‘i‘: .’. ‘ .'.? Y t‘ ‘7 .‘rv-p.'«.' ' . ‘.
‘. I'.‘ ‘f-a-k \‘ ‘JIJ ‘uJ. J .a'u" ‘1. C . -’ ‘Jr b - I . . ‘- -’
.’. .‘.
M." ; .
07.).1...
‘ :- 1 . a
..a f” l ‘- ' ’I ' Po 0 .’ ‘f f r a
(A: ’.u. ‘ a. C, ’o 3 ~.' ..‘, '.';-“fi.- 1 ‘.L If: ‘vl ‘tl l-‘u' ‘
: t O a o. ’ _
,e ‘.' " I" :‘V' .'. _ ' ' ‘ ' ' c ‘. i ." -’ ° ' T .' - '
:l 5..“ ‘ .J v .45 .t I .' ..‘: ‘.J .‘ .! 1-. .‘_q_ ,1 _.."r ; J
‘ . . .
IV ,‘ ‘a ' ~{u- v .v , a_- ..‘ ,‘ p. .v... ‘.
Arr-.. .J‘ .m.-‘.-." B ..L; .._.(1 53.. . -..:.-.-.-..!-.t..w ~ -'
-.‘umn. van-..' a. . -l.---.u-.o -no .... .-‘-o .. ’
.-- . - ,2:
. .. . ‘ ‘ ’.. ' e .
(3b., . (‘- ‘. '.. .'
- b
l -, . 7 a ‘. 1‘ -, .3. .-._ v -3 ‘III‘
.;.'«3-...,, L- .5:~3 ‘... 1".cv,.."
' “ c
o ‘t 'k ' E 3'”) ‘
1
a- I O ‘ '
u - a .
. >l- ' ‘
\. ' ‘IC4 " -r
I . ‘ (a

72

The black bear population is unknown in the Lake area,
however, their presence has been confirmed.
Sawyer County ranked second statewide in the
registered bear kill in 1963, fifth in 1964 and
seventh in 1965.43
Chippewa Lake is identified as one of the leading muskel-
lunge fishing areas in the world. It is often referred to
as "the best" by leading sportsmen. Record size "muskies"
areas-son. in 1949 the lake produced the world's record.
69 pound 11 ounce "musky".44 A brochure prepared by the
Lake Chippewa Flowage Association, Inc. states that 1150

“muskies" were caught in 1966.

The lake also provides the angler with good walleye fishing.
ZMore fisherman fish the lake for walleyes than "muskies".
On opening day of walleye season, May 13, 1967, a total of
380 cars were recorded at various access points around the
lake. Since some fishermen may have left before the tally
was completed, the result shows only part of the pressure
of Opening day. The registration addresses of cars parked

at the lake on May 13 are shown as follows:

 

“31ml; p. 48.
44Ibid; p. 42.

Kit

. ._ \ . v¢ V 1’.
' ' " ’ “ - - r .~—- - ~ - - ‘. . ..t- .
‘.' .‘ ‘: .'. (.n‘ _‘n H) 1'. : ‘.'._. ‘l:|, ('... l4(..'-’ “‘.’“ {‘.' -.’. '\ -3- .J. .1 ‘1 .L
. . .
n ‘ . '1 1: : "( ‘4 . . s ‘-. oh _- . _.. ._ ~"".'rv ...
. ' .-'.. . ‘ 1‘“ 3 J “ 'l '4‘. ‘ ‘ (.‘. " den. '1 J t c--. v ‘ so u
C
..'. ‘ _ . .. .‘.-'..: .3 .l .g,. ., ‘l ..‘” (~- 1‘; .- IV" I ... .... . '.‘ .'
..‘ 5.“; ‘...... ‘~ I__-. 4;.“ ‘. --‘;(”-‘)'~". L...‘_.“J"‘ .\ . n ‘ ..‘.“ -‘.“ “ ... 0;, ..'
.. .
’. a l " "_ I n A - ’ " ; - . ‘.‘ .. .. .' : . . .' .‘ , .
. . ., . ..‘ . . : , .. . . _ ... i . ,.
i. (7' : ‘ " . ' ‘ “‘ l J‘ '."“ " 4 '.‘ t ‘a s“. --. (J... *J. .' 4’ .’. .‘ “ 'K! . . ' --, .4 .'..“.‘ .l ’
1 . '— ~ I’ ' . .- ,.
v . ‘0 f", ’.. ... : In" J .L ‘ ... : ": O {a
I
I
I y ‘ _ r70 ' 7' ._,, -V ’ . ~ A 9 l' :2 '_ '2 .. w h I . . ," ‘- "‘ . fl '
. -_;_‘:'.u 7.: ‘.lig. . .. i-L .‘ - - (a Lilac: ..H. 5..‘|....L,¢.v... ..,,_-__ .'.-.'. {item-1 ‘. 7“.“ J.“ .._.\,
A .s ..
. - - » - - . , .' . - . , ° . t. . '
‘ ”’7“ " -" “‘ "’“« '.- "‘ -- ".' v ‘r r ‘ .. - -. 9.. . . - , .. -, .- .
hi" 1"”, "" l") J "3 " ILA“ ""i‘l “'3‘ .IJ, l -'. ‘.A -.‘J'a ~.)1.‘J l J- ‘..L.3.J ... f) ¢-,- "~ L‘s”... ., .l'g- .‘.!!IJ.
v V . A _ - - r ‘ P z .. ’ ... ‘: ’
r ,, . ,, ‘ . l ‘- _, ’. - - .‘ ,
'.. p e l',-).'r_ J .‘ ‘ . '5’. .'. .t-.'..1.":‘" “‘(..‘ .I 1 ..‘ :‘ .‘..J. '4 ‘.‘ ‘. if. J...) ‘.‘ J c. I
e

.4 7 ’ ' r ' r I , g " ,
‘4. l, .r. ,.’ I; ' - - '.‘ . , a -..,A . f' . - _ -, ~ _ e ‘ ‘. .yr .
..'. i ‘ ..n ‘ ..'. < ‘.' .: .‘ .'s ..r v ‘.a . 1.... - ' ...’ ‘-' ,‘IA! :4». f.fi¢'l-1 ‘- . a .'. ‘.‘.J. O ‘1‘)" J‘ =(.)‘) ‘.I's‘ -V '4

 

 

I
‘.
9 .- , ~ a .;."O ' . '
- _ . . .- .. . .1 .. x I . , z . . I . ~
. .,1 |, s . o. 1 u. . ... g. l : .‘-. ,> ... ’.‘: ' . a s’. , ,
..«llu ‘.' :..’ .9 -.l'. '1' ..3 .'.‘..' ’-.}.m-u {J ...-l ~'. . gaszJ . .‘.]..JA ' ’.lf, ..’-.7. ‘.'..111 “..i ‘ 9.)
I
I
I t -' ~ .! "'.‘ "I . u': --"_n; -\ ....” g 2 ’.'!- "1‘ - ‘ a .3 a- -'_ '__‘ fur: i ) . '.u
. ‘72.'.IA.. vi..l'-—’ l‘,;~.‘.";~s V. ...-‘3”, ¢‘. ‘.’-fl“! ¢’_‘_.,}(.2l,. . e»)... .;{:\;_«. .,,. fit..-3“-..'cl‘o'- ;,_’.‘
, t O
' I
~..--r -‘ .. . .... ..~ .. ' .‘ . 3‘
.b‘.“..§ t‘-\. ..512'.n31.‘:.l ..' .'.J‘.‘ "I u':¢'-'..a';n .Jf.'.

‘ - A ' h" I ‘e ' ' . ‘ I "' ,' A” t u‘ u . " "-‘ : " ‘Y or *' —‘
., .. . .. .-_-..-..-~-.-r.. ul-u‘u i..:..: 4:44., .mf. “-....h ¢3-,».:,o.1.’x.'..€~‘ Oi..--£". 3.03;}. ;.':._'.

 

1
‘ I _.. . “ . '. I ' ‘ P ‘- ‘ ‘- "_
. . , .u , ‘ - .«v. ‘ . - ' ..‘} a. . - \ " s ‘- .,- -. - - ._.‘... a. . ..,4 . u. . ._
j . "' f.._-we M.\="l‘ ‘4:.l-.-fi-‘ 63".; H -'.-I- —‘. \)"a' .“.’o‘.'- E‘I'Ai1l. iii-55‘ - -.'-17-—- iJf‘i ‘-L' ‘.‘i.‘. d.- ..’ ‘.\
IL A
1
l
I : ' ’u 0. l .'. v
. s . —e , . _ ‘ ‘ , o I ‘ . 2v‘. , -. -: . _.\ r: _ \ . o. ,1 Q‘ v - ‘ - f. .. ._, . - , J. ._ .. . , .1
. t .. ‘.. .i g“. ‘ s ‘..! .. .5. l x...'. £4.13. .:. t 11'; o. 7:. .' c". L.) ‘.LirlJ. .n‘. ..., 0 kn :. ( .'.-.'. 1.1.5.141: .-.n '
-_ .'.. f r ‘. ' 3 .' I.» ‘ .v. .I‘ ' f» ‘5 s s q. . ‘ 9- . v u- . .t 'v. 5 s - . ‘, . r . .‘. ..‘.. . s. ... a pa l “ .V '-
- v; ..'. "\:- .0 CJ-‘s'}-s.‘-. . '.M"I"-'1.' f.‘"l.’..\:iv n, E, .‘.-.‘O‘J4QJ'sU-L; .‘ -"‘. " ‘a.3.o.‘-) a“ ‘..
'- ’ a ". s" e. v . , 5 C‘ '- , r , . u " . so . , ‘ "- ‘ n x l .‘ rec -
‘9‘ -'. ..i I .8 f.“ 2.0;“ :o‘ -a‘:¢“ :."‘~‘ c' . :-‘. J ' .,1A ‘0 10“ ‘1 T“ 0‘ 5‘. CI-” (‘0 t. 1" .o :J'.‘ I]; ‘n e ' . 9"" '54-
, a v . 'n-, V .. , ‘.‘. .t A -" "."“ -. 5' , .- 6‘ . f. ’. 0" r rst:,(\n. ‘- o¢ ‘ , .I ‘ c ( — ..
‘- J '4... .. - -33!“ .- .' q. ~':"‘; \..A“5 ‘I *\-&-U U-.-.&a-. . ‘..—'-‘ to ’- -. .1.‘ ll -'-.) (..‘! -
V . ' : ~ ‘ C' v. 2 -. r: -t ' ‘ v' ! '.‘ I' .u '3' M ’7 '.' "- .‘. 3 ° ‘ t\ I _ :1. V' .'. ¥ . - "1 ' "‘ ' ' ‘ .'. Ii
I ,_:...l .-..'; ‘ de...!..‘.’ ..‘f ti,..(,.-. ’.. ..:¢r 1“}-..c'"a..u’\'s..l._.‘~.. -'.. .'rltJ'. . ‘5..',..1‘ m -.v_.l.f-~.«”“C) .5‘.
. _ n - ..' ..’ .. '. . .. ’.. . 0‘ f ... ‘. ‘ e . ... I . ,u -‘ ~9 e
. e'y .‘I'.? .'.l d L!!! a."'%itlt; :7: -\n (...: \ "I - I'U a'."l'a.5 '.'.‘e’ -“‘

 

 

 

73

TABLE XI

Registration addresses of cars parked at Lake Chippewa Lakes
on May 13, 1967, opening day of fishing season.

 

States Cars
Wisconsin 262
Illinois 88
Minnesota 16
Indiana 9
Iowa 5
Florida 2
Pennsylvania 1
California 1
Tennessee 1

 

Source: Department of Natural Resources; "Public
Recreation on the Big Chip"; map 2.

Large size crappies, small and large mouth bass and various
other species of panfish can be found in the waters of the

lake.

..‘. 1" ..,,.
. a . I '. ‘E I r' , ‘ ’\ ’-- ‘ -". C '. ' 7‘ i r -. '0: ' I- ' . . " (I. "Q v . ‘
g': . “ri':‘.u. an ;2 .- T.h.$wh ~.. .'. a he. 14-. bums-macuer-
A , - . ' n
we , ‘_ ’ z .4 . .' ' '.. : . ’ . .’ a i '0 i I“) ... .-_-;.
.u‘ . _ . 1'...“ .>. ... A. ‘9”) ...i.|.ll.l.i~..‘.(. ' sax 1'... ._l. I. -

Qgnu—-u---—un-n-umn-—a—u-n‘_Hn-~n—a-—--—---—-~--~——----‘--—------

-.. ...- _.--.,- o v.4. ...-n. a 0 -~ ...— .- ...A-..~_- .-’--.- 0* -.a n s a .---.a 4..— . -..-..- —»-...-. ....- o ..s -‘-—.‘...- -....- -- .g-u-q...‘ .. a

_. ,‘ . V.‘ -; '. ..' '
‘4. -‘ ‘ ' A'J “ .‘.r ‘
. -.'. - .'no- ‘.-. -<-. ‘. Q ,Q 1— . s n .04 ...-. ..- U. .- .‘.-0 ~ -— o ~o- --- .'. hfi - - ».- .s-s-O- D-* O ,- U .-~-s -Ifiufiotha O ‘...-‘- .- -- a —-u§ 9".
'. -. -
ll .‘ .' ,,~ . a
E _, .... s..-¢.\.‘..('u)£.a.—‘
l
u . ,~ '-
_ . .. .' ‘ . ~
"5‘ ‘1'1311".~.~.:"'u
I v ‘-‘A" ~ . O. r '.- . ’
- I . 0 ' a
I... 1).! ..‘" I! .I‘. "

 

 

 

an ‘ ""'l‘\ l' ~:s
.2 ‘Jucnu.n,-u.
v
'. - -. . .‘.-D- . . ...- - ... -,.- .»~. 09.. .a ... .... ... -’- ‘.- ‘.'...I'.l . .'. t - CI .- '. o.:as.flu— an...’ ...-.‘..-4 -n.-.~.O-C -I. ., O ’0 »- .»'u n"
l- - ‘l I : 2 I o . - v '. V ' |. 1" I"'.' " , ,. I ..‘. ‘ —' I‘ '1'“ .'. X o . i. ' . ..'. .'.
‘3'" .1 ‘ I; '. ‘Qs4‘-l..-’I~I‘9'.¢ ..‘. ~I.L. '.4.‘ -‘0‘. ..‘-3 .‘i- )r'IIJ~‘ ...) .-". Q '1..4' ...‘(i-K
" r: . " ' (.'- . ' 1 ‘0: ‘
I g . '.. . . : , i . _ . ‘ . _ . w .. n' _ _
I am 5“" - c ‘ -.-‘ x .-‘ t '-‘.‘J “V (M.I....on '.'-’1‘
I‘ O
. -' i ‘ 2"": ' e n 0 ‘. r ’4' -“ - 1 '-~ fin : ’ , ,o ‘ “ '.. - —‘. 'v f '.s “ ~' (a 'l
".13". '.‘ .<-; I I. 4“ L‘ ’1‘;0’E.’\! k-riJ" ’« : ., ‘.’: .'. .10-.. - J‘ h .‘ ‘L .'. V "- G ‘ '.‘.v ‘.u i ',-. a". 1U“‘k
.
, . *( " ‘ . I . r’ -- .. - 5' '. . -, A I'\ ‘ ' . v ‘
‘- ' x ". ‘. " ff \‘ “ ' r‘ \’ . ’- a ‘ -, ‘; ‘V _ : ‘-_ -_~ ' ‘ ,. -v yr ." -‘
. -.‘. .. h: n .v h .1. .‘a", ..3‘: J L1.~ (".’. J: .. .H.) 1.": I 1 fix... Jan-v - U (»n-~.‘ -:‘-."' a. “1911”",-
J .a
"'P r
... .
I .~ "‘:"4‘§

 

 

74

Summary Analysis

As each of these studies of the natural resources are
surveyed, it is evident that each provides a unique in-
fluence on the total landscape of Chippewa Lake. If the
soils were of a poor quality, the vegetation patterns would
be different. This in turn, would support a varied fauna
and perhaps would decrease the recreation potential of the
area. It is the thrill of the unspoiled beauty which
offers sounds, odors, and sights to the many tourists and

residents of this portion of Sawyer County.

An old Greek philosOpher said "Life is a gift of Nature,
but a beautiful life is a gift-of Wisdom". How right he
was, for it is wisdom which will allow us to cope with the
technical problems confronting us if we are to save these

vanishing resources.

An development in this area must certainly reflect and
utilize the advantages as well as disadvantages of these
resources. Joseph Wood Krutch of Arizona said, "Conserva-
tion without love is a meaningless activity." Generally
speaking, conservation is all the same. It is work done by
concerned individuals and certain organizations because of
fiha love and deep feeling they have for their land and their

environment. It is not only to preserve the large bodies

 

 

 

-

’ ~~l
,.
.‘ it
I" .

’kn'-

'a -)l.‘

i
u
0 a. '2‘. ' ‘9 I“
c c — o $ .0 s o o -‘-... a .4 D o
‘ I ‘ . ‘ ' ( i ‘ . . . c .. . ' ' l
3' . s I_ , -‘ , k a. ..,, ,. - I . .‘ ., ...J - Q ‘I - J~ ‘ \ - ' 3" ' i O £'§‘ .'.\ I -. I v.
h r . . ' . ' . . I '
| , . .. . 3 7‘ \ . .. -.
_ e ' ..‘.. .41 {0 f. I -. . ‘..- '...!" ’ . l~ 3 \ a J u I ks -4 a. t ‘-l _» J .'-L I.s
‘ a a
. ‘ ~ . r '- . . ,
,. . (ur‘ ' '.' , i r ‘ ‘ ~ 4 '.' - ,
. . O .) \ ‘.‘ “ .s .‘ -. .."s’Ja‘ . '..‘. .-(a-v‘ ‘. -: "£.I‘ ' )' “A .
. o , ‘ '- ' \ v
_ --. p, ' , ;. - -- -. .r- ~. -. .- t ‘ ‘ .
x .1 .a...) ‘.'.‘.:.3...' . V ..J. ‘. ".o. .4. o!!-) -l.“'.‘ J _ la . L - 4 v... EPA.
V n
s . .. . .
. .. . -.- 5 \ ' ' .a .
, . . . u ‘ . ; rg' . _ _ . '
. . '.‘a - ,J a 0| u l ‘.' 3.1‘ I -.':t ’. c a! . Q -J I‘IJ- ‘ 0‘ -1 ..' '- ' a . -..» 5 L n,
‘ x" ' - ' ' (1' ~ ".I ’ ‘ OJ. ‘ . . ‘ - l‘ ’ , ‘-
... .....I . ..' .'.‘l.....' , ... .'J .a 4.1“... 4.- J'-‘ 1".“ .. I.- .-.1 .x —' IalJ
. _ . '5 I. '4 v D
_, . \ . _ . , - ,- , - . --> . « ,' ..
. - ...l ‘... 1 " .-.’--- I. \J 2' t”. . - \' --..-.1 . — .1 's __, ('.. ..- .. ..' .I
s . . ~ . . . 1. r -
I ' ‘ 1.. ' '.'.-l' ‘ ‘- '-' t ‘ f 0’ ' ,' ' 'k ' I
fl a-‘ \ -- .‘j'aJJ ‘.‘” - I- ~~v (JJ ‘lur»‘ .‘ 2 -‘ as' ‘ ‘4“'\;'.".s‘ e ‘4 I"\.. U ..s J .‘ ‘
. .'. -. 7‘ - .. | z ' .' . '- '-.. ._ ,.,A ~' . . ' ‘ .u
. ‘1»! ‘-' '. .l :J ‘ ‘f‘- .LU ‘0‘...» u‘ .L‘- . ‘.fla‘ J n {J .45":- ‘. -. (- ‘.'-
. a a
' . ’ ‘ ' ’ I‘ ‘ I '. U -
- c . . s' o ' - 7' ,—- ~ -. 0. ‘ y _ ‘ ) . .
..." 3- . (J .'u.‘ . hi (1.. ..‘.--‘LA . rt' .'. I (.'s.\....- .~ o" ' ‘.o .' r .'.“ I ..
l ‘ I ‘ I r ’ g V .
o r .‘ V . \ . r _a_._. . ' . _' . .‘ . ‘, - __.’ _N _._ '
.0 i _. .n \_ J O ‘ ‘ ‘ '-¢. .‘7'..1 oi -~ o ‘ . .‘.. "-(‘- ..’... .L .-‘-’.' .k.a “.'{Iu' -, L ‘3)! -
o _ - s c - v o s '
7“. -‘. ~' ‘ ' ' (i-a’ ( H \.II ‘ v' ‘. _.. '5 .‘.- 3". 0 - '- q - . As a ~\ . w. . I. (..'-'- oa‘ .'.. 9 K. .\ ‘ 5| ..'

, o I ' . - n '
"_ . - _ . . s 5 '* ' " J . . ' ’. - Q-s - .'. ‘
“‘..! l'J‘l'. ‘..-0' I II — . v... C I) k) , .."u’q .s- ..lt'-:v' U l’ :J.‘ 0.. .‘. .'. '4 ‘.‘.I.’l-‘v J I

. I

~ .. . v-o I. - t ’ r.

. ‘... .- J ...'_ \' ..' ..'. , 1.1.Lo ‘-..-..' f
. . ' . I A o s. I .. \-
\ a '_ , ‘~ . u v‘~ - a-, '_ t .g -. _- r .‘ - -‘ . . n‘
‘. I‘ ¢, .. A .' .i .. “- l‘s’ -.‘ '-." u '.‘a'sa‘ ’-‘l' ’ - ..' 'woal",‘ {‘pu ..'- ‘J ..‘. .5 1 -‘b‘, ..' l‘ ' ll
.

' ' 0 ‘ .
' «-. .1" - \, ., In " In S ‘ I r *3 v. »‘ (a: r "- ... , ~ 9 r'

- - t ' . r ‘ . . n- . t° 7 ‘ . - w

a..-‘ - ‘ h ' ""I “‘"‘V .ro t o N, '.' s .‘.-a ‘ ..', ‘0‘.“ is-' 50.'-‘ ai‘w ‘ 'L‘V -_ J l.} o-'s\sv--k.~ e- *"

. . . _ .. .t .. .. . A ..f f . '. H . . ,‘ , ..
it..1.(.\ Q . -:-.. ‘)-~ .‘.... .L.. . ‘.' i.» -. 50;: 1‘| " . a ','s L ‘0 .‘.K‘ .1...~,2( (..’-
I - 9. s

y- \f " a ., . L -, 7 ~.'- . -- . . rv . ‘2 . ‘.- ‘ _

. '1‘“ ‘ . \-|,.v. .. - is a t. .‘.. {.‘.-.1 in a , Q 15§ ._ sit: . .3. 1 {.‘.-1---.
‘s l . o I. . I ‘ " . ‘ ¢ . ' .

> 4 ' '_. s 'V a‘- . . ’- (-." .‘. l‘ v .‘ ~s '

. " ""‘(J r“‘— "II.t . : .‘. LI I I_‘..I a‘\-.- ..' ..'." ‘.‘ so» u .‘..‘J .‘~.".'- l“ ‘J “ :.-.‘ 4“. “J Q"
“ j — - . . . .

1; ' no iv ‘7 ' “ ' ' .’ ""' *-. ~' '1‘ .' v . I " 'r- "

....-~ " " ‘ ‘ - ~ Mu- Lgu .‘.t .J..:-..-..‘ .'...~ 31 .,a », -,z).'t§_.,|)._..-lt-‘. 1. '..-.. ..'.H A.
\ l_
,. 1 v- _ Q . s . \ ,‘ - _ .' ,. ‘.', 0' -'

- ~-' s-I II..~ .'-. K .9 \‘- n. J -' . ..‘ ‘ .a , ‘.. , ‘ 1-. .. "'.' ’ .-.J ‘J '4). -'-' r

. .
b

' ’ I‘ ‘ 1 " ' ' - -.' o ‘ .' V - ‘ D '

" ' . J . I - . ‘ I ... . .' ‘
‘ -.....f. A -i a -~.'~s»).s tale“ ..’.. i" u\.51 v ., .'.L ...I. -.‘. .’.,f._ _ ‘. -
-

75

of water, such as the Chippewa Lake, but rivers, open areas,
swamps, forests, and the total human environment.

The outdoors lies deep in American tradition. It

has had immeasurable impact on the Nation's character
and on those who made its history. This is a civil-
ization painfully and only recently carved in conflict
with the forces of nature-~farms from unbroken prairie
and cides from wilderness. The epic of American life
is the tale of the pioneer, edging his way westward in
the face of unending danger and hardship. When an
American looks for the meaning of his past, he seeks
it not in ancient ruins, but more likely in mountains
and forests, of discovery, of encounter, of hard-won
settlement.

But there is more to the legacy than the land. From
the beginning, one of the strongest currents in
American thought has been the idea that the outdoors
is a right of Americans-~not only something to be
enjoyed, but vital to our spirit. The idea was born in
an agrarian society, for though the outdoors was then
all about, some feared that it would not always be 80.45
Finally it should be noted that these resources provide
those ingredients which makes this area a vacational enjoyed
and savored by more and.more appreciating families each year.
By furnishing natural scenic beauty, relaxation, year-round
sports, and recreational activities, the Chippewa Lake area

is a four-season's playground.

 

45Outdoor Recreation for America; Report to the President
and to Congress by the Outdoor Recreation Resources Review
Commission, Primary Report Washington, D.C.: United States

Government Printing Office, 1962; p. 13.

. ' , - ‘ I
-r ’ .n u - - . .‘ , I 0 '. '. ‘.. . x | .~ . . \ ’ i.
{ i" '. 1 f ' . z i l -5. f ‘\‘ _.l. ..'. s ‘ : t 2 A A ' ' . ' ' i. -‘. -‘. 0-1 ‘ l J 'h 5) A - ' ‘ V I ‘ n .' ' - u'
.‘ . . " .. -. 7‘ ‘-. 'I l -. . o.
y ., I, L ‘ o '\ v, . .4 I ’ 'l u . l ' a ‘ ‘
. I;.‘ ‘i "'§ -O -‘. \' :3 ~‘ ' '7!‘ .' !' .5; i..d' .J "Jung; ‘r’lal .7 ‘ '4-’ ‘3.) -" J ‘. .'. ‘ ‘4‘ ‘J'
. a: . . u - . a a Io ’ .
." . . . , .5 .' § , n ._ ' o v v - . x
s -.'» . i.’ k.".‘ at - '. O“ ‘c J . .1 a I .‘ - -' u. u. D’ .- .\ .I‘ vi) ‘.. . In. a ' O . \ L'fs L: M, ‘ J ‘.’ v 4 J»
“ .‘.. f. 4 ' 'f ‘ ‘ D . ' ‘ . .' " 'I‘ '0 to ~ f . "I " I“
,r I ‘. w... o ‘ n ‘ a ‘1‘... " a. ‘J i 4~a . .|D '.’ '.’)“ u . I. -. l z.‘—.’J\a J v .. ..’.. (a :9-5
’ ~ ‘ I ~~ -- n.. I | ‘1, a ' 0 .,1 l' '- .'-
-.i. J- ~’ o! k .- ' -..lJ . 9 . .\..¢‘.:.‘ ‘.‘. C;-l.‘. ..’ ‘so‘t. .I‘ . )1. ..A ‘-X‘ .' 1"
-
I a a I O
'.' ' 7 ' ‘ " ' ' ‘ 9 I ¢ ". ' . '.: I ‘ 0 ' ’ '- ’.
.J...'...‘,_.. ll ' 3 .’ '.. - . J . .a~.i‘ ,' ’.’ . ,‘u’ “ .Ll'." I \ 'I ,r. ‘.... :‘. .'.‘ I ('. § 1...,
x. c u
I . i ' . '
- .-' u. . ‘ ' ' ‘ " .._ ' ' '- ';~ . ' -:' I ' (‘.‘ ' “i
-‘ as- .l— ‘ -’o\0 . In “ 0' l‘ . -. {.’. ....‘-‘. J-"‘ .‘l... .L‘g‘ ~~-’.-o . o'.\ 4" Q.J t _a ,. ‘
. . ., I' ' I . m .-
‘ I l ' ' '. - , ~ ' ‘ I P V . r‘ r . , 1
, . .'- . -'. ‘-~'~- . ‘ . -\(’ -.I.... -‘ " :.‘~ 0“ U- “ .'o.'5.l-1._ .v a ‘3.-..' k. ‘..-v" -' a ' .l
I l C I ' O
_ .. .‘. - . ‘ . , '. . r, ,‘ . ‘ a, . . (m , ".| -
.'. .0. L -.’.-.4 a: I- ‘.i M t .' \ ’.. , ‘ ..‘ ¢ 1.?‘. ‘1.'. ‘31-“ an ..' -'-'. ’.‘m ~34 :bo‘ ‘...
a .I r .' ' | - n1 » 0‘. i , ' a , ‘ 1' u ' ’ . I ‘5‘ ' y
L’ . : o"..".v'.a .. '.|." ' .'“J . ”AMI-‘.., $511-. L- '. ..' -‘.. ' .'.. 3n-
. - I ~ .
4 .. .. . . ... .. , _ .‘.. .. ..'; . .._ .. i ._. ..
‘a—-‘..._‘I‘ .1." t ‘.’ {.0 '71.: \‘." la .'.‘J l ";.'.;l -:- '. 'I ~.‘: ..' Jo‘s-L hi. “’\’-I. ra:l~‘.. a '
a I .- I. i . r l . . I . . .
,. . ‘ ‘ (z . ~ . .‘.. ‘ . , I, .. I . .. ..'. '. ' ..' . .. .. - .
...i....‘:..-.u.wg.. 1w, .‘.‘i..--'-'.~.. ..’.. ..;- ..3.‘.-U (C‘sa._-U-l. .JII'}-'..J.J.‘. lay. at“ .1-..
~
- . . ' ' -\ l v
' ‘, ~ ~ .. .1. , .. . '-’ . ._ ..' .1 ,. .. ,; _ .._ .. ' ’ ., . ..‘. »“~ ..'., . , ,.
‘l1:'n'l’.-’ ' pig-4‘“ 05L} ‘ .- 1".) ...LJJ‘..‘L.':JI ‘ ..‘ K) ‘ .L’.J J ‘...-”‘..: 'J .LC) 1 film.‘ ‘0‘, ‘.‘alu. ‘.'ld.”
.

I 31".. 3: fill-lg ’7‘

 

r'
~n

, _ f. ‘ ..‘ .‘ _ '.- .. H. . .. ,.-o. . ... ,. . ‘. _.,.. .. .x.
' . J “."'... . E17 glut. 3}! -1 iii-33...! ‘ fa ’ v ..’,v': Y" I ..J .'.} f.) ..‘.Hu 01:. -‘.J .- .11...) .2 .‘ 3“

- - -.._ ,f..:,.,..' .
fig... ...f;..,-'_.'4.'L'.. dui.-),_!.u-‘...)v, 1:11- .LU 33111.: ¢,-'l.t-‘.)..l!.-i.__.r~. H .J. ...

. > - ' . 7 . v . . -

. . ..(I- inffji «"53 1. .3 :5 fwd :J 3.219;. U; '..} is: .:‘3 U L. .3?! jil‘: In.” .3 .’.: $.33}... Lima-'9'

‘ ’ 5' ‘ 3 . .'. . .. ‘.

.-.'. ‘..I. .._ “£371. Hti '~ liai) .4. 34"". ‘ 132-41133- ' ' 3 '1': ~"- 1. - ‘.‘: ..a if...

r {a .t. find-.‘. 1| x‘ 7".” Van") .'.". 3.1 ~ .'.. D :1 ..'...-1...'..‘ , z. '.1- "~-'(' (3 ..‘-... ‘: ..'":- ‘..} Ll Lot-L. . I .‘\i' l.:'-‘:“‘

...—...... . .

» ... ‘-‘ a a .' *- .~ . \ '3 w; . . -:' I.- _..? 10’ .'. I. . \-: r . :-.-.'\-:z .0 -. Q

I r- :..5 :.{.~.'_.' to. {NH ..uH.) mind an. L51.» 4.8.. c ‘.‘} ml "‘0 .. 1'» f“; .14...“- ..u 1.4:)
' I u . . ~ I 4 v
. v

: “ . .‘ v .. . ‘,., I . . ..., -. -‘.._.‘ 5'] ..., .,'- -‘y .'. '.’ F '..
1 'I .‘ ’4' :‘a‘ l' 10".}.(1 «1‘.:‘ o. .'.:It“.'v -3.:. .4501 “ ‘.'s-‘J‘ilb‘j -'. fa. ~(“I ‘.‘-s ( I...) .0..‘. 3.‘

U ' . a . f v f- ‘ a ‘ , o a
x - uv ; a. "p .’. ’1 l‘ . ' ’, .‘r ‘. ‘_’ . ‘ ' ‘1, ' ’ ‘ ' . 2".
‘ : v. V: o4 C .I'‘ Vl~3d‘."'l-u' urn :Ill (.1 til ‘0 ‘13-“ .n-a ‘1‘.“ -J\1 14‘} I \JI:\4 h)... -L .__.'(i.'. 'o-
f
I '.'. " ," :I 3" I f’. f'".. ..' "' U l". C- ’3- '.‘ "I_‘"r'q“ 14",; '2‘,’ ' "' .l :"‘."." ,t‘ f,):'- ';
34*." . \-. “ L.‘ ’ .’.{l-vt- ...- -I L'h‘ll" I} 1_~.’ .5 .'.! (..'.) ' --v Ka- v—ri‘ A - -‘ 01-1.. '6}... ‘1')-thy- J! ‘.p... \IeJ— -
‘ I

‘ "’-'r' ' u ." . ‘ . v. '. ’.' l ‘."' ' 'l ‘ W“ '-‘ .' v' .-- --_-
4:33.43. ,{1_{..).'. Q :- .'.---.~.;.:c.s :.,!.1i.",i..‘c’. .12.: ...!)J 2‘s]; ' “_'.,..1,..~;,,,|' _, -I_.. . I.-

, . ' ¢ ' ‘ fl
- hr ‘ ». n . .' ....1- ’ .' r r' 1‘ '. . ~ O“ 'n _- . ... .v . - . .
4:145:31 -.'~-.' f.‘ ' ' -‘xft t “-3 e u D.‘ an...V--:§-)-$ .i‘olAC'hn.‘ "I ."-.~..'..‘ .- LED tddmtt "'1

U‘. ~bq- ‘..~- g ..I...’ p... A‘- o - ‘.---w-oou“.o’w"

..- q
I. ll
.| - -. .. - ..' _7 , ' ‘ U ‘ v ‘. -. ~ ; "b‘n
' . . . '0 - . '.. .. a...‘. '5‘ _ ... ‘ . '- -._. ... . J .' .' . ..‘ .._.l
.u . .. . .- ...; (-1 ....t. -. . L '3 3 1. .r_-r:. 1"?|.- $ '3 .. ..'!“
.0- 0 '...-J " O u 0 ...- - - O a o '.'- o o . d -.>-- ~0~A ...... 0" b. n .Jv-
' " I. I ‘ ‘“ I ' ‘ r - " r. r. .- ‘; - . . I. -'. I‘ .~ ' p ‘ y y ' O l' . ' ~
‘ ' a .. , c. ‘1 ' . - '. ‘ .. v. ’a_ . ..., ‘ .».. >. . . , ‘..‘
0- 4.. vr‘ ' ~ \: 'w .'4‘.‘ .‘bu-u’ n a.’.~.‘-.~..-.~-- .-.i. .,1 .‘...ii)!‘g IJLJ ...i .,5 . '.‘ a.,.-,__[_,-. f.l_ L) OJ :4
\- .
y“ l . l
‘.- , - ’.' _. .’ l ‘ ; . ,_ ..' .... ‘ ”_r- . I. o. .. ‘ ..‘ 1' v ‘
A.-‘.c.d‘1 - -I_ .- . .._ .I ‘.‘k ‘1‘ ‘..“ :!\45D _, .1 _.‘J ..’., .‘.,.!‘_..; .. >. .‘.(‘..“-<.... “l .’“i
. . \. C
.a‘ " t 9 ' . a . u ,.
. O I . I I ~ _.' u. . .. ‘ o. .‘.. ..' "
.-.-. ..‘ ‘ ..‘} .1. ( .’. ...".-u Cl“- ALL- .' 4th: '13. s-

 

 

CHAPTER III

THE RECREATION DEMAND

The interest of recreation visitors varies widely; therefore
SO‘EUIt the provisions for their recreation experience vary.
Some visitors prefer the more passive types of recreation,

such as walking, photography, painting, nature study, and

just plain relaxing. These outdoor activities make very few
demands on the landscape. Other interests such as camping,
picnicking and water skiing are the active types. While the
latter type of outdoor activities have more demand on the land-
scape, they also are considered to have a greater concentration
of visitors. The intent of this chapter is three-fold; to
study the present facilities, discuss the influencing factors,
and determine the future needs of this area. It is from

this information that a planner can anticipate and plan for

recreational needs, which will meet generations.

Present‘gggilities

In order for this study to examine the recreational facilit-
ies available to the public, within the Chippewa Lake area,
it is necessary to review the major land use categories of
Sawyer County. It should be stated at this time, that Sawyer
County has a total of 866,560 acres. Approximately 85 per-

cent (733,530 acres) of the entire county is in commercial

...:

‘ 5 A 10’. '
-in’._‘ 0 -‘. I - ~1 \o’
r ; t a I l
o
. . .4 ' | ‘L'... . u. s 8'. <-‘ - K‘-
I
| -‘ q . . n , ‘1 . . 'l
I .._. . r. ‘.‘ -. _ , , ,' . _V -‘ '.. -- . .‘. '..: o Ne,-A ..‘.---. -- '
E .3 ”.‘.. .‘..'.‘.:'.f.-‘- y _ 1- ’l . .I ’~-.‘- - Q“'O, ‘¢.'-¢ ‘v .. ‘..-0'.“ ‘1‘.— -“.‘~.' --‘-"-- -5" dtj;).‘».,‘.!lt-3, “" ”L

 

--\ . , ._

, .‘ ’.‘ .- . .‘ . ‘ ... .....-1."1-\ “‘1' ‘
. 1"" !_.tl.-.‘.-. .I L.\'. ....- '.. .'.‘ . . .-...J .'. .m. (J '.stu vug" .1 u: - «.43. ‘ no.

a * , ‘ . O I -
, VV -a '.. H . '. .‘. . , ' - .. ‘. . '> 1...... . .‘ , 1 . . ‘.. ., r ,
C ‘J‘-'- ..3 . ii.‘ A.-.» .1 —: “ " . uJ 1"}- an -- " ‘ ' ' ..(.l'- ~o:»‘- .1 ... .1. ~__’ .. '.. _,( ua wk '..-I \/ ~.)“"'"a
‘ , . _
.' ‘0 . ‘ _.f"; '.‘ s ‘ I ‘. f‘o- |. , I V“ t .' .7 J‘ .‘. ‘l _“ . .'“i ‘.' . - . ' I "
1. IA.) e ‘.. .- ‘- fl. . ,‘,v' ‘.. ... ‘ ~Vls‘.,.f‘.l._..l t ‘.‘ ‘V .’l -l ..‘.A. : ('n-“J' “d. ..’.‘g (In .5 4'9
. L . I '. A '.' __l '1 ' '. ' .‘.}, :.-t I. ._ ' ‘ '1 ._z '1 a“ . ‘7 -'-1 ~ ,‘ t . .‘. ‘ -‘..V l "_ '.. ; ' V -\ :0,
_( ‘ .~_ . .'. - i -- n ILI‘ £.,. I ... _) ..’. - -o - ‘."I -.\.,' LI 0- .4 - ‘.' .‘. ‘.. I .-...9. Q ' 'L.-..-... '.‘. -. 7K . -t. '1 J L '1
'

   

' - .1 : ’n . I~ V ' f , ' i ‘ a t l I. ; V I" ; ‘ ' ‘ "a ' .
i A. - . -« [..‘ A,‘~ 4- \" .‘l.! l 3 . \1AA_-{. . J"-‘\ . ‘ 'I-ox"..' '1" '.. .,ig-‘V' ll¥£ Ind-L ['I I).~ "I",
| . n . ‘ t a ' \
L " - ‘ . . ‘. - '~. r- . , - ‘ .a '\ ‘ _ ' ~. I - r- ' - " .-
I In" ‘J -._! . 1| . ‘1 > ’ .0 D V - n'- i.‘ "JJ J .0 ' ' .:'--.ut ‘4 n J-‘ 1’. ‘ 1!.) hJ‘ I. ..‘., -.‘-.‘.."
I
. -,,.;-t'l.‘. ..l. t... ‘..(j L‘;.l. I. .... .J .’ —‘ {...-4. ‘. ‘J . '.‘U l,. ’.v..J—" .4 .‘.J ll 3".“ I ~. .‘j’J .‘.‘l' -:.'~I ' Q, J)“ n‘ “~‘u.
' .
. ' ‘ . ‘ I V! D
. "r" . - ' ‘ 1'.“ ‘ (5 ~"‘-' ‘- ‘ -'-' ‘ ' " - o, ‘ 0'0 - I h .’1 '.‘ ' ‘- ".
IA~ - .'r .1. “'...! Jl.;(.'.) -..)-¢.x\7 .4 .'. .. ‘1.“i L .,I ‘ '.‘-‘1» .' Chi} .- J L~) 119-210 ‘1' ’.‘. .1 {..' IL“;
._ ‘- a
'l ‘. - ' . ~ ' ‘ 'a -. '.'! '.' “ I .'. ' " - ' . 'Y H
. D . - r ‘7 . , I . u. ‘ , I '
. (.»l t ‘ -L '. -._. ’ .'.! J ‘1... .‘. '.. l"'X§’ C - I ‘0 - 3‘ ‘.' ‘J:,Jv3-ln 1' ‘.'. . (.0 -‘- . ‘1' f -- I - '1
I
a u ' ‘ O , v' |- v i ' I
‘ " . r- - - ‘ 5~ " ‘1 . ‘_ ." ' ‘ - . - " r " r .. A.‘ n} pi" .4.
(‘1. ‘ n.~.-l.'-~u ‘ ‘.-. ~- 54 -"J -- i‘—'. ‘) ...: ‘II.:LJ-‘(J... ; ‘\a.--’.-J.-_-..---«J~'n ..'li-,\.‘-’»“ uJA ... . ‘.. ~13J
\-
\
l
0 - . '~ , ‘ q ' - , v y
. - ' 2 I_ . v . . “ ‘ I ' "‘ ‘ 1 ' ' ” .' '. '.'
l.‘ - - K,. m. . ' «r, |-—.' .‘ ..-.1 'l" .) 'I" s.’ -‘~l-Js‘ ‘ ‘ \" J t {.41. ‘11-. . '9; '0') »- It I
. ' I. r - . -l ’ . r ‘. ‘ . ‘ ' - . .
A V. r‘ . - ‘ - - ‘. . . .‘ .' . A , ' '. .
..‘. .. J ’-‘ I 1 :HI ~J\al) - -J.'-vl\..) {-J'a I .'. 1 It-»‘... I on --u:r .1 (.‘..."dl'33' - "--)J¢.. C:-.~—J
. r ' -( :"" f. ‘ - y .- "' ~ .' ~ ‘ E. I v-'r i.) . .. ‘.'o 9 vi ~ l' -~ i ..‘.. .. ?¢‘ a... -.'“. - I
' ..‘.-1.43.... !-..£..';- 1” .J-J ‘L~ _...\..,.. ll~.-.¢u. ‘I..\ .LJL; .s .JLA\.'..J)J».1-h .'.
C I lf' .
. . l . 4- (q ' ‘ 2‘" . .' ‘
3i ‘. -'-£..>..-.-} " ...‘194. '.. ,
in U Q h¢ - .0 I'-~---u-..- m-..-’---—~-~o¢ I
~ . ' f — ' 9 .‘. ; v :- "I' "\ :; ' " . “_v ‘ 4 . ' :’ t ' ‘0 ‘ fl “' ’_ r '} r3 ' t " I . o 3"]. -._ o ' ~ ‘
~ I u‘ . . a' ‘ ‘ . ’.'. .5 "-1"‘_‘J "3- J .'. -~ I./ . o ‘..) . fi. ”a 11-... w l.-.’ l C ‘.‘ u. 5'41 In! u (I. .- tu‘ .\ (“I .4 .5; ' ‘5‘ J ‘.' l. ‘
. ‘ - O I I .. O. . I
' ' : ' _ r- . ‘. ‘ ' ' ' . ' - V: 5 r ' 3‘ ‘ '.' vo .- ‘- , -', ‘ t .'9. r - .‘. v -~.' '
‘ ‘ - ‘ ‘ ' ‘ '1: ‘ L _.. 5 ‘ ‘ .: i u‘ h ‘\J a . a c “‘0‘.- .L "$14!; '.'} n -.‘ t .. - J .L'. («. 13).. a -'. I0 I I! ‘.'-4) av.
..' 1 ¢ ' ' ‘ g. - 4’: y g .1 r. ‘ . - . . o u . -‘. ‘ . O . ' , ‘ -’ -. . " ‘ l' . .‘. " ’-
..'“ \a ‘- - ‘.. s‘.‘ ’ .1 tu‘.‘ 8 l' .-‘. .‘.L i ‘1'. ‘.‘: . ;‘J.‘-¢'."-' -. L-l -- Saw y: -T". (".57- ‘.'-J
.4 C
I ' v u ‘ A ' .1 'l‘ ’ . ‘.‘ . . ' ' -. -: "I .‘ -‘ “‘ 7‘4 4 ’ ." a". H .'.! I‘ u' " '2 -.‘ I.' " . .-‘ O: . v . ‘-
~ "' \ ‘ ' r ‘1 ‘31 -~ ‘ ‘0 J Inf-«J ‘- Jo :v~~‘1 §l L. l"' '-.i in“. .J ~.)‘! '1‘ .'...l J‘.‘J. B“ o] .‘. . " .;Ar.fu‘_.“..’ .‘..» ’ ' v‘L‘
'- o
o ' \ ' . ' .‘~ '1 “ " ' ‘ z . . ' I
- . ‘ V . A , . ' . '.. ' ‘ ~ ' o - _ ‘, . o . _~ 9, .. ‘. , . ‘ . '.‘ _.. - '.. ..' . .’ , , , I . .
- J\. ‘. ‘ -‘. '.'-l-l' .’. *1 " 'l' O to 1‘ - -a'...) '-)kr \.‘ U r. ‘-‘ . ‘.' .-. Ibsli .1 L, ‘.‘:JLI 'fJI-‘J' ‘
. - . ‘
‘ > . . ‘ . l ‘ 'l I 'Q .l A II
) '-- " - . ‘ lv"."ll.-,¢ .2 "-"'- r r~r""' ‘ ' " -.-. t ’5 ’ ‘V- \ "l
"" "’ ”J." ‘ " ‘ "' ; “""‘~‘v) ..'..-”ul,» 2': . . 'x'S-J ,. .'.... \J’.‘-('\.\"‘-;! .3“ - -

 

 

77

forest lands and water surface. The remaining 133,030 acres
are in cropland or non-productive and other. A list of the
major land uses and a breakdown of the commercial forest lands
are shown in Table XII.

TABLE XII

The Major Land Uses in Sawyer County and the Breakdown of its
dominant Use - Commercial Forest Lands.

 

 

 

 

Uses Acres Percent
Commercial Forest Lands 671,540 - - -
Cropland 124,699 - - -
‘Water surface 61,990 - - -
Non-productive and other 8,331 - - -
County Totals - 1,273 sq.miles
or 866,560 100.0

Ownership of Commercial Forest Lands

 

 

 

Other private 254,740 38.0
Federal 144,870 21.6
County or Municipal 130,660 19.4
State 56,380 8.4

~ Farmer 844890 12 .6
Total 671,540 100.0

 

Source: United States Department of Agriculture. "Lake
Chippewa Flowage Report", 1967. -

It is rather evident from the above figures that Sawyer County
is physically oriented toward the outdoor recreational
‘activities whether active or passive. This study is confined
to active outdoor recreational activities as they have a

grentnr demand on the natural resources and generally have a

 

'.-—o..-

 

 

 

— '- '
. . . ‘ 7 k -- '.' ' '~ ' '1 ' " “‘ I r t ' "
\ ‘..~ ‘. ..'. -..... o . . .1 J .--I "'.. . - I -. . . ' q 4' O'IA‘) .‘.. -- . \..4..‘. -
g .
. _' a '5: “P :; “ s
. — ,, .v . . . uni I ' ' ' '
I ‘ . - “ . - .. .- E.’ . k' 'x ‘ 3'- s - )4" ‘ ‘ " -..‘ - lJfl‘-.- .'--“ ‘«'-:. '.‘-
s 0 ' C ‘ r
g ' 5‘ ‘ , 4 ’.. ._ ' I, ‘ '1 :l.‘ ”L I :. L
- \ o )_ ‘, . l , -'.u- ..‘. .x.. . . i J ‘. .4 o ‘ ‘ I. “‘ ls. .. -- "J .1; i fin .' ’-‘-I '00..- _.1. '
l‘ I.
J
~ .1 o ‘ .
~ ‘1 ‘ s ‘t “ ’x‘. ' ' . .
.-'- .‘.L .’. 10-. ‘\ .- ..u.. an.
. - . , ..
i , ‘
->—..'. |. ‘ -§
' '- ', . . _ - , V y .‘ .,, . . -‘ I , '1- - o .. 1,,. . 1‘
. ' ' I l ‘ l
r.... -l‘ .- ,\ ...: '.- . ," .' vi. 0 . H .( ' .-.- .. nL'. .. ..'. ‘.‘.»‘.u. A“- ., .':..
- v .
's ‘ - I ,‘ . O '
. . a . a ’ v . fl
. D _ . Q - . n
. ‘a |, . I_. - . --’ _x.: . ' .‘J \ .‘ ' _ -.“. - ‘.

~~H~~ouu-~.‘OI-n.‘.-.‘--O-~_H“‘--—-—--~—-‘~_-H---’---‘--~----u-------

. - o- n s ..-.-. p-o s o - ...-‘9. o .. o o- o. . ~¢ -.----o~ - c o o» ..- a- o~ . .- ~ .- o a o a o e - a o s. l -- 9 IV o-u ow- --.. .----
l . k
-1 _ . ’ .‘. ' r. . -. .- '3
‘ ,.~ ' . K - f . . n. . .1 .’ .. '-.‘

n -. n o I O i» --- -. -«n- -‘o -- -o- 0 Q 0“ - '9... § e n- s '- - ..' O -....‘ . ‘.... u-VQ .- five a..- U -.~.oo'. . .. - 4 .... o g o. - -u~- . .... ”a
- s

 

. _ ' -. ~ ‘ ,s . ' u i ' ‘ .3‘ . v
p - n ‘,I";V '-‘-L ‘ ‘ "“Iu t‘l' uJ .1. ‘ . '.‘ . :qu. - ... -.. ’ s ‘a
l“ .\
I. '. ' - ‘ r~ ‘ v
.- .. r -"¢""--- .‘.. ‘2. L.‘ w
' I ‘ . I yr‘ 0 ’l l.‘ I...

- — - '1’ c . ("-“ :'-OI"‘- -.i‘Co - - *' s

.. _ .. i . . -. . -- .‘.~«'---~--.n .. ?
..'. 4'4 '-' us- 1 ‘-. \‘ "a. ’I .0 '5' .'.-J's." ‘.‘ J... t ‘ a

- a»-.-- . —--.a--.. c-.‘ -.. - I-Q'I‘. ‘.- on".- 0 '

3‘ “ a. ‘ \- 1‘ a - — .v. - . Iu‘ ‘ n '

‘1 ' -'v a . :A‘r-u' ‘1 ‘ ~‘4 ' .‘ '-O--."I.Q‘K' -‘. ‘ .sa,(a' ‘1 ‘..

v - t . - o
. . ‘ ,. I - .. r1. ‘ h s n. , .' K. r _ . ..'. \ - I
ta" 3., t: .15.. “H's? J “-.3.-J.A ‘. ‘. '.. .‘ x.‘ :.....I «4 “14“”,1}
. o. .' ,
: i“-‘ '-\ , ,‘EI'Hv' . ‘ ll ”f
‘w G s- a, \ t '- ....- . ... a'.‘ I _. .ssa
_. . :I . ,u , I ; ’ _ I
4 ~ . J ’ . u
. ~‘. . -. \- I\J \‘-‘ ‘ a n 'as'. .\ r‘. -.|'\ J

, , , t ' -
- - a '. I I . u ' ' ‘. .A ~
I . ~-‘\ ' " Q I " a'- .. )) y-b'-. "- 4'"! .'.:[I' .‘.
l I.
‘9 ‘ ‘ ..‘ .._
s o . .M‘ Q - ~ _- ¢ 4 '.b‘ ‘.‘ ' .1 .o u
's z 1.. '_ ' . . _ I ...
..' ‘ .1 f .. II I
’ - lo 1 A i ‘ - ’0 ‘
. “-... .-...- -1 o-- u o- ‘ ’2. . o .. ..‘. I -. . .-.-- -.-

. . first-.3. '\ 1: {EST 2.

"‘-‘ ~-—-~- Uh. .- 0 ~..- ‘9». .. --.~:.r ..'... c-o-v- .- Dru.- .m~-~ ‘5’- .....n... -.~ ‘3’.” ‘--'~ -n.’ c --‘d- ‘.o- .- ~-. I.-- -. ..‘.. -- nu ..-~.-~-. - 0‘9

 

-. ‘ g | -f '-... : s . ~ ‘ Cs ‘ , ~‘s- ..‘ ‘ u _‘ 5' 'la' . 3 . .0 .. {a . ,‘ . "I ,,
“.""'~ '. ' . ) ~ ~ ' L" -'. ~I ' --.' -| \ I \l’ u 5“ "It: . -2.“ 0 ‘: ... ’ -. " . ' a L' ‘ ‘1‘. in " C 4‘ ‘.’ o‘-:-" '
.. .. , n r '
ow'... I ..' ..‘ .0. . '“l ‘s .
. ‘ ‘- .‘. . ‘ h‘ ‘4. ‘ ‘ ‘ u’.’ a~ ‘ _', K.-. .3 a" u v” \ I o v a
I
l
I
I
' r.' ’. ‘. ' I ' '. a ‘ ‘ .'.'\ I' (’.f" I ‘1' .‘ .‘." ‘.‘; T'f' O .‘ ‘1 o.-~
‘.- "l 1‘ ‘.‘ - .‘I ~- o H l n: ‘.V' ‘ na 3 .‘. u'o ~1‘V \J‘ h‘ ’5‘! ‘J ch. ‘. - Va.) .L‘ “.".‘ 4-- it v". ‘ —.
I ." ' ‘.' n‘ ,' '.‘“ n. ‘ .. 1 a 'l r r (v . "- ‘- ' ‘~ . ‘3 I' . "‘ ‘ e T I x v- , .‘ . .~ '.
v‘ , . . _ l . _. , >. ~ . . ' v - V . .
.... ,. .« .. : .... ., “4.1.1 ».. nu. .. .._. LL... --.r.; 'g-..’........ .. 4". '..
‘ "i "inc”; " .. ‘ ‘- xvi-w. :- . (.-'-.. . -,, ~-- -r . ~‘ r-
-. . r -. '.. ‘ ' , . ‘ , 7 ' ' I. ' ~ . .« ‘ { ‘..
L - ‘h'- ‘a ‘J.". ‘-‘. ‘- ."J """'.‘.'. '.‘? "'.\d'vh ...-"lei 'J\$| \47‘.‘-' a-.'- J-..‘"|‘
. w ll —- n
,. .... ,- 'n , . .\ ,,,.. . . .0 .. - ' s ‘
_ ._ ., . ‘ . v _ ) s , '.'v _ _... ~ ..., Iv.‘ u,- '. , _- ,. . , -... '._ ',
.' it. ‘ '7.‘ It ‘. .'.-2d "H'l k..’."" '7 u ..‘ -‘ "‘ ‘, .'.‘1._g(J./.. ‘.’ 01"“) .'...‘ff' .1. J‘.‘ . ‘...’d‘;‘rj Ll"'a - «J. ‘ ' kl“
': . err. .' . - ‘_ ‘ . f' ‘. ~ _‘ I f ,. . _ _ ' ' .1 ' . - . , .
., .’ “ . , , | _‘, _. . (_ ' It- , .' .. ~ . r. , a a. O u '
‘. ' , ‘,..'.m-A . IJ- 4’. J 0‘. .'O ‘.s'.’ x: k.$o‘ _vgl. 0 .1. ‘. ;'._,j).. §‘_‘.l" LC"" :r‘ ’ '1‘]; .2. ;‘ .'. ‘..‘J. A __

 

78

greater concentration of visitors. They include: swimming,

boating, camping, hiking, picnicking, fishing, and winter sports.

Camping facilities which are predominant in Sawyer County,
are those which provide items for stays longer than one
night. Also these sites are orientated toward use by tent
or trailer campers. Generally, there are water, tables,
toilets, garbage cans, tent pads, grills and parking spaces
provided. In most cases, naturalistic types of atmosphere

are present.

The camp units are approximately 3 to 7 per acre, which allows
the visitors to experience theexpanse of outdoors rather

than the closeness of their residential surroundings. Develop-
ments which are related to the water get the heaviest use.
Campers who are going to stay any length of time need the avail-
ability of various activities, such as hiking, boating, swimming
and fishing facilities. A comparison of participation in other
outdoor activities by campers and non-campers is shown in

Table XIII on page

The campgrounds which have good access roads and are near
major highways showed more use. In relation to the use, these
areas showed greater wear, such as compaction of soils, erosion,

and deterioration of the established ground cover. It is

1:

 

 

 

i . U —‘ . k
1 .0. . y . - _ .uu- . |~ , ,a 4' ' ‘.. ' la< v. .' -‘ '. ‘.‘-
(v 1‘. I J -‘." \J' ..’ ‘ A- -2-. ‘ ‘- .'.» .J ..(u. 4' q‘ ‘. 11“" :’.¢~“s ‘ "u .t" --h ‘-‘ L..- '
.
. o : . u , V
o ._ , . l r‘ ’1
a ( 1 ‘ o . ' I J I . vk "

‘- ' _ t . c O . - s
.. . . ; 3 a 1 ' ‘ ' -"‘ " ' g ‘ I! -" N _v. . . o - f" _ . u I} | -.
( ,d.‘1| 'L. ‘0. ‘ ,, » v .‘.5 ..‘-0;. . ..n ‘ — ..’ ..‘v ' '.V‘ a.‘~.~- o I! adv. . ., ...... .0 I. n L
‘- a 1"... .1. - ... .
.. t' . o . Q ~
.2 .‘ '3' ' "1' ‘ r' , ‘ m.- ’l‘ 'l ‘ r‘: ' ' “s ‘.‘, Art.-
n" A- I , .-' - ' ‘.‘4 \- .._» ‘ v' C] .. .... b. p 54 c .‘ 4’ 4 _ n a 'n 4 ' ‘ v'- ..‘ Ir. 9 .J
. . ‘I r . r 5 s . a . , ..0 ( .
“ , I: J ‘. 'r I I ,‘ . ‘.‘ \1 ‘ s -‘ v. a ‘ . ‘... , , ‘
... ..3 ‘ § 4 ”2; -.'7~ ,«IJ-.' .'-‘L:..LIJ ‘... .‘J .,o _ n 4' 1.4} \u .741 ". .1 L.‘&_._‘. .v ..s‘ ~ .‘..1
u
n a. s .
~ ' , u) o -_ -.'. . a .' ..‘ ' u. 4‘0“. .'. .‘ ‘.‘ . ’5'- s- . 0 . "o -. g
{ ~l- .' '9a.- ( ..' -‘.. a) u .5 Cal. u. I u ‘ '\.'.-‘. o}- ,5...) - '1‘ . “.“_,‘. :’ OJ J‘.§‘s0'. o. —. - V
a v n . - * I. . - o
. -- ‘ {.."Hm. . u - - . ,-~. ...s. '- '. ‘ 'vu '~ a ’
'7. ' ‘4‘.’ ‘ cl \ _ ‘."."L .'. 3’. .. ‘I'l-‘f‘ “.‘~-I-ov -‘," 1 ‘1' .‘.'(..‘4 J! J ~C . Sl‘J-"“: ..‘.VI '.‘. t ..nl‘i'a‘naoo ‘1',
u l ‘ . . .I r. . ‘ . ‘ .’.! . " . r ,cvttt'n y. . ,a 7‘, -‘ , ‘. . .IV I s. . ,. s ...
.,,; .-‘vlL‘ -‘.3..V‘...'»s -- L.- \» ,1 u s.‘.«'.. u.'..3 "..~~‘-I {Ill ‘.‘;- ’£.!'-. .1 s...‘-vl l..‘. . ~‘..A. L '. -
A A c A
f.- ‘t' -.. l a Ca
.‘. ..-. u~‘ .1' I‘ At}
\ . I 3 ' . ' a ""'o " ‘.. l I .‘. .' :' 1 I.- " .‘. rI ‘ I. I. ' ' ‘.‘ ' ‘ I. f"u ‘-
(.. ‘-L-L.3- s. .1 ‘ 1...»! J. M \ ‘.'.) ‘.. ‘1---.'..'fio.--.. [‘1':‘ s) -.'...» n'..i...! v ..‘n'nJ
i

.o .. ,

_ ”West-.'-. '...':“’.IwJU

a
4

Q .
t " '.‘ -' " ' ’ '.‘ ’ ‘ .‘. " "'~ ‘ - ‘ ' ' - a o H? ‘ . ~ . ’.. ." ""‘ s' ‘ - r
1..-- lu~(.;..c. a..- a..3..t-.;L.;;’../"LL-II his: c‘.. That 3,: ‘.'“! c.2.1.:.a..'.'l.'..1.7{3 ’.-.(»L_,-...=..5:a

. 2‘. _ . -.- - . - _.\ ‘ - . :- -, I. up . .... Il- un- A e'. . ' . .
(J ...xJ ‘.‘:-i'i{.'3"-,‘<..'.r -«z‘j :!._‘:j:".[:..'1.;,,.,i (3.; i1-E.U..'.l.c.4.‘.7 .'.7‘.L~..

- . , . _ . .
. " - 1 °' ' -, 'rI " - .. ‘ . ,..- ... V _. " . ‘~, -. . .
.‘.thU ..‘. -.’:e. .1. .1}. "...-1 u .o .1. .4; 3h.) ..‘f. 3:30.; P: John .J .‘1...

rr ’-2 (sup vi
A‘l.«~.l

s ' ' ' " '
~ '.. .. vov ".. v. 1 .._. ‘.‘ . . '. >' so) \- v a: (N g: .I .. '.‘ .'.] .. -’. ' . ..,, . ‘~_ o . ‘ '.. . .- v. . é ,
.f.‘ '.‘.‘I .. (1 ’g'.‘ pa '1!‘ wining. $.91". -l...'¢.,lr('.l' 1‘“ 4‘ (‘.‘ l,‘>.’..i:;.l.::’ .‘.. .-.. .'. ’..; .ll vJ.) .. (4.“\ '3‘
.’ ._ _ . . I - ‘. _. T. . ‘..; .. h T v .q. . - -. . ' " .
n ’.. - _ , , . V - . - . , ,- '. ‘ '.’ a g .- ' -’ ....'“ ‘ ' - ' ‘."T."
‘-‘. -‘..‘J‘J L; “53“.! 6.3.1.. 1,. ..-L‘-‘. ..’s.‘ .. “H.371. .11.!) ‘."n.. b.. (L3 '3‘“, U, , . .’."; (.'1:.',.' r .-. J .3." ‘ .-
‘ - a ' ' o.‘ .7. x. I I e _ I ' ‘ t q '\ ' f s '.‘ ' ' : P I '
« . ‘ .) ".'. I' ’.', _ _ .s 'a f- ‘.a_ . " “ ‘ 1’ 9‘. 1 ’..: 1'..- .. ' v s . ; ‘up
”.'.-1‘ 1 .... |s p.11 .’..):.1‘." ‘\_r'.143. [a to”. I .Iv'l {he ’..LJ‘ I, u I." 5.941 .1, .‘..m“ ..‘(J \.I-’..L.-(u.a
. n-'. ' " -'. '._ . ' . .. -‘ l l - r I ’. s V o I
'- . f‘ . V ' ‘.' v‘ ' “~_ I! I ' -- ,a. va»‘ 1. -. .' , . -, ‘ - , ‘ ,- ‘ .-. a . . o n
I' ‘ ‘ ‘5‘ 's: {10"- i-‘ ‘v‘-' C‘ l " ..-:o ‘J-L 9.; -»~ A) : -'I‘.’ ‘1‘) ‘a. L -‘ l l‘-;£'~(...~.a‘ an . ‘ §_.-j --. ... _..- J‘ ‘-‘ ‘ '11—.-.- 1.L \- d. or ’.'] -.’"

. - . - '7 " f - ..‘ .- \
, 7V . .. j '... .
.,'....‘mr.; ’1'“! *J_l_'. o~J..,L€..$J.
l , ‘
’..-'.‘. ..‘ ' l'."r~ " 2" " ’.1'-.\ 'r r.” I. »rbA"o u“.‘s'l"' ' f0 ". ..I s " a. . « r ._ v
.s ..tlx. 1...! ..‘-J ‘1‘ :sCJJ. hams :o..l-u.-’ Li-.." '.’ a! -',n,.__ f, ‘...L'. , .‘{ I!.o:£a__' Irfn:§"J ‘3; ‘

- ‘ .. ~

.3 . v ‘ “I a .-' . ~, ‘ -$... '...-p I I 5. _ o .. .. . 4V
" ‘1‘ 4‘ Vz . V“..- " C. L‘J (J3 1:L(_'*’n"o’i‘.u‘ 0L xii .-.‘ .‘t’-J ..’ ..‘;J . I_'.s."._"".» ."~

" ‘ ...“_, .
.‘.}. ..' ”Inf: -‘J-} 1....)

'V" .‘.l", ' pvt-r ' '('. " s. 1....
1.....Jn ‘dcdq’n‘. .’.. .. ...;-

‘.’

‘ . . V . . - ‘ 7 O, ‘ g “A O
. ‘.' l . . ‘ ._ I s.- .'.. n' - ., '. , .
' .j“f ' ‘ '- J‘s-0-5; "5.3-4 ‘I ~' ‘.‘1~-’ d-L.’ £1‘I.‘U’ ,‘J

u‘ - , w
‘LY'I', f‘ '0 3" . '.‘
.’.! .‘.‘,.“.; AU, "‘

r U (I
._. , . . ,‘ ._ .. ..’
‘.' “‘.(':-'; (..'.-'.‘ - >’

I o
' . . ---_ _ , 7"
.'.(‘.I. .'.. .J‘. .4 LL:

79

questionable if annual maintenance can restore these areas to a

high quality standard.

Swimming in Sawyer County is limited to the warmer months,
usually from Memorial Day to Labor Day. It is a sport pursued
in the open air and is a favorite of many:

TABLE XIII

Comparison of Participation in other Outdoor Activities by
Campers and Non-campers.

Percent Participation Among Those Who want Camping

 

Activity Often 1-4 Times Total Not at all Total
(col,l1(col.2) (col,l&21
Outdoor Swimming~ — - - - —

or
Going to a Beach
Campers 43 25 68 31 100
Noncampers 25 20 54 100
Boating and
Canoeing
Campers * 31 26 57 42 100
Noncampers 9 15 75 100
Fishing
~ Campers 46 28 74 25 100
Noncampers l7 17 62 100
Hiking
Campers 22 25 47 51 100
loncampers 5 9 84 100
Horseback,Riding
Campers 8 8 16 83 100
Honcampers 2 3 94 100

 

Source: U.S.Outdoor Recreation Resources Review Commission,
Study Report'gg, Participation ig’Outdoor Recreation: Factors
Affecting Demand Amon American Adults: Washington: U.S.Government
Printing Office, fizz; WT—

 

 

 

.,_..i__._

 

l~ ' ‘ - ‘ r - - A' ' " ' : - .‘ we : I. ‘s ‘ '. ‘ I \ p. ' A. ' ’ -~‘ - 0 ' -
.'. K .. (.4. I .. .i ..._., 1.-.? ,J. ', an .. I .: '.‘.~».‘-'£.r-.’1.'.u.!-- _l, . l.“ . .~. .. .'.L t-‘ nsu LII;
' .' r ~"' " ' ' 1' I ’ h
. . I . , v.
. L .Lta'. l.‘ we: ..‘ 1‘” -.-L, .‘.lI'I ". . 1 .
u ‘ v ' : o .
‘ . ‘ I! . .1 " . r . -,- '.'! -. .,, 4I, , . .
c ‘ I"- L‘.‘ 1 -. '.’ '.' ' ‘.. ‘J U; l“: I "‘d" | o 0‘. ‘ si- t." ‘Jl "~' " ‘.‘ ' ‘ “(..‘ . La, 8' --
. ~ .. . ..

I, . _. _ . ‘ _ . I; _ o. - -' ..‘, " . . ' a - ‘3 J ‘5 ‘~

. I",- —..'I ' ‘ - ' . ;" fl ' i “ . .‘.:r'." -‘L'If: f‘Jtnvl C.’ h ' . ‘.'-I vs."’-‘ — r "' ‘.. arc ‘.-‘OL "4

'- . x
1- :. - o , ~ V luv -’ .4 l . 0s 0‘ ' ' ‘
’ "v. ' _..}. 4.-. --.{ ..'. u «-'. lu‘ ,' --. ‘ .2’.‘ L.‘ ’.‘..3 3--\
5 I
" l , A
. . I ‘
it n.-'-" l‘ 0L
" -": -- “ .. — f - ~ : '..~.._ a, '..“: . '.' ..'.... _ ,.
, " I I " I ‘ . . , . ‘x . . . >
1' '.' ‘ g. 'I “J " V. "I " ‘~ “1"" ~“"'I(‘\-v -'.-JA.‘..’ ‘1' i'. ’.'-(Pu' «I .‘a" -‘. .‘-..J ..I ' , . t) 1"“ 1.- .’, ..A. H . L’s;
.

v s- . (.‘. . : -_. (- ....I. I, ,. I
. kc .. )"s rO-,.’-3.a('g‘,s \‘K ’..‘i .e u. .| ‘--£-‘-(

.'.-_c-uuaufi—IIU'udu-----—--¢w~———l---~~--‘-~----fi---—-~‘ufi_---~--'..---

.4. . ...-‘.- 0" -'.. .0 - -~-~o u r -.- - .-¢ '.‘-00- Ono—Q -'-“. D O-I'I'O- -.- -oovvo .~~--I a -. —. -- -.'-»- -’.- - 9- ON- -’.. van—‘.'...

, . _- . ,.v .I _ . I no . ' . I.',‘ .“"-~"'Al.' . .'-‘-". ~.‘
A.‘._‘_' ,". O. -'l.‘m_s.,‘ \ ... ~L'lat'pll.¢. I ‘.('-' IJ$'- g!“"-I.-"4'...‘_.'..;..'_ J'-‘l-’:J.‘.~a-'.
' .-

" _. v . r '.n -V ‘ -u, r ._,. ..i . 31“. .\_ | _. . _ 9“ -
-. I 3 _ '. - I _. - '1. . s ,- ~ :
..Lc-‘O ..L ....L.‘ ..’-t e. ‘ u- ..'.'-5~!‘. .L ‘1 .c-.. c!- ..'.-n!- I' --J-.' \.~"' ..‘.‘I a] '

' ‘ ’ ; a 9’ " . Di 5. x " v “
.. -z...:.f.... '. .-.\'-.-/- ,...-.t'-./
n o .- ..: .._..- u are. ...-.- Q- ..'-.'~‘, ‘ .l-C-Q- -- ~..--.- . ~----‘ ‘-. .s. 0‘ -. C~4o-#A M“ O O-Onl‘- - .- .‘ ’.--c-O-C ..'v. Q. - --'- -'."-
c c .
, II . I. .. , . :. ~ ..~‘)
I .L'Ju' .' -' 20“.: J(."JA.~-~: .r
s
-.U
..' I s
. v .'.-I: ‘ ‘ ‘ . s
:.c’:s..\'. to '..J ,' (1.x..lf'
‘ ‘ ' A x' a .... V ' ‘ '- "
K""~ .'.. ‘.t ‘ ”I ‘..... ‘.... ‘1-.. .. ' ..,K.
J
V‘Ir .‘. ‘ - a)”, Fm:
\, -‘. ‘.’.. '- .'. ‘.. (any-.'.? .3.JU(~'I.A
u
' ..'
a His. {1; J)J'x“‘
' {..'. 1(‘I’3‘L'
I .\ '.' ' a (I1. I .
- V. s- «.'. u. n .
‘ " . . u-- a .\ ‘- l‘ . dc ‘10 ‘I —I‘-‘ I: A E. Kl.
I l‘ \‘ I s

.. . .
. ‘I _.. ‘:
‘. - s“ _ .5
" ‘ .. '.. ' ,- .'. '
.'.f‘ "i. ‘. I‘ ‘u D'I'f'nv~ -,-I..- .
9’ '-. '-w. 's' \ '.. .n ‘.' J. t-...,.’\.‘I .0"

“Ms.

"..' ‘ I ( ’.- .. ‘.
.J’U- \s. \-L any?!) 2333431-..“

Y' ' :’
...) “~"
"" .x 4'. ‘... \ 1‘ 7— . .1 ‘.'I .nglit é._l\'
‘ . .' 1" ¢ ‘ ‘0‘ I . c
J, ‘.‘. '3 ‘J "\ ‘. ‘LJ 3.3:. {a -“."e- '1‘-
. , n . I
1‘ , . ' ' o f- ’ f- "s
.,z.-. -.-. .‘.: .1~_',-a. -I‘K'
. r ' 9 “~
\ 'l ' | - . A. "I
‘.4' a- ‘p‘.’ uI-L ‘.' ‘ ' a ‘0 1 I '
" 'l‘- I V ‘- w't £4 .‘s'l “ ll~' I) .I -J-
I

o n-vo—a s-s-o -' I .‘-no- --'-'.- -.----—--. -.'.. up - .4 a o. O .‘--‘.0- ----‘r“r-‘-:s-‘-'~. .-.‘-o e. "D. ‘.--~I‘C-'.-~.~ O .-'--.... -=-"'"

'- a n . y -
‘. . _, . . . . :r, I'.'I, . 0 .v - o. , II! a u U‘ n ' - ,‘ ‘ ",' 11‘ " ' s ' ‘ . 0 "- r‘ ‘ -' .
({A(.'....L..l- - 4 .L.‘ ....‘,_Q 4 § .‘ .‘...x"(J 3 ‘ J‘Q'd..|.“. —- ~.-.."l .t‘JhJ‘IJ-fl' . "I. kl . )5" . 51" .
. '..4 (“'.' ’ 1' r. . ."c ’ " s . I - '.‘i 0- -‘ ' n ‘ ‘I .i". 7 " -'fl'-'. f-‘i‘ -‘--‘-; t - VI
64. ' c- r u: . -- a.a'- ' ..'(.'L I-rr ’.'.‘. IJ‘ - Jr.“ -.‘9-~\ —'-"0 , ’.‘ J-J‘” ' ‘
u- on“- ‘1‘... a .. a o. q o- r .‘A... - - - - -- pr .. . r 0 ~. - 9 --~ - d-.- On- .0 n- .'n -’.. --.- - a... ‘.. s‘. -.~ ' '
-v , , . , . ' 7 , - ‘. c i . _- L'_ ‘ . I . .‘ ~ . .' _.I 1;- . . ‘ . ‘ I I .‘ ‘1 . .‘ ,I 1 . . I . - .'.
"“"‘ ‘.')": .Jl‘"!. 05-. s'-‘{‘~l'.‘,ia-'.;).l‘x‘.w ~.:.;_‘.1J".,1 u...’4-.'.I —. " w .'l‘."' K‘ ‘Xilrf‘ “‘.' .‘--‘._h:
' o CLO- .-C a . —---- .‘.-p ’.'-— slp -' .'.‘f. --.--.. .1..- 53-9.... . _..-w—AA"

. _ " ' . ' r

.‘.0 .UI ;...'J----L Cid—«4" 27.3.3114...»

80

Approximately 50 per cent of the public indulges in swimming
with the greatest number of participants being young people.

It ranks third in popularity according to the ORRRC report. As
many studies have shown, water is one of the main attractions
for the aajority of recreation sites and more so if the visitors
can participate in water-oriented sports, such as swimming and

bO‘tinx e

'Most of the water in Sawyer County is located in the North-
eastern quarter, with some of it being dark, due to the presence
of organic materials. However, the dark.water is still excellent
for swimming. Because of the nuaineusu lakes and rivers in

the area, there are many opportunities for visitors to swim.

The Majority of the swimming sites are located at resorts or
sun-er cottages. Public sites which can handle large concen-
trated numbers of visitors on large bodies of water are limited.
‘Altheugh.there is a deficiency in this type of facility, there
are many locations which have not yet been developed that

visitors may use as natural beaches.

Generally speaking, if there are large sites for swimming,
other sports such as boating, water skiing and canoeing
will occur. We must remember that:

Interference with swimming aside from diminution of

water quality is not great. Only fast boating pursued
close to shore and use of shore for marina facilities

- 9 e p- Q -. e. ' A e . , . . _ . .‘
~ -. .. . , - r ' . r- :3 . .- r. r~ -- " .. I‘ . ."' s- i" "‘4.” ‘1 -
l.,i’ . 3‘ -‘-."e (so A. r:. ‘.‘.‘R ..'.-:l’ol.‘J. ‘.'le‘ ”’.. b .1 j -‘.sv‘ J‘.’ ‘sJ .'.‘)I-‘ \’L ‘...-f. { j!‘i: .- {C(‘vafl‘. ‘ '
" ‘ 7' ' ‘ ' " . ‘ ' - " a ‘ '.I"- ‘- ". 1'?) I-" " ' . '.‘ og- , ‘ 1~ ‘. ..'; .'. r
..‘.;fak av . JI-th k t. ..‘.! ..-H'... ..f-;-.........-. -.(3 .‘J. 31.: -.'...-r-.. .. ’...; 1...- .~
A a .

...- , .. '. .' ‘..]. , ., . . . ‘.'“H‘, ‘,-~ 7..." i i’l" ,‘ f.‘ - 1.! .’. ... .f“ ~.~ .. “

I. ~- 0- ...v' ‘.‘. .... . * .‘J. ‘.‘J ~ ..‘ '. -.~.' r .’.}..L“I-..a.'l"-‘fi l-J .'...._,g..I. !-4"-.“‘.\ ml).

. ' u ’ ‘ ' ' a r\

- - . n- °.~ - -. w v - . .- ' . ""m . '.. -\7:- '.2'. '1' . r
.‘.7. _. ‘ .'1, - .'.?a‘ a __, . ,1 ...) ‘.(l 0‘54 (._,! 4 ’... : s, ¢:J' .‘..‘s. e - ' I .11 . ...«e ‘-J¢. ~~AJrfir
I

a . . r - ' - ' o O a v "- "- '.‘ ‘ ,- 0‘ "- -" .-\ :- r . . " a; "f ‘ w ‘0 a ' ' .

l < l h ’ . r o ' ._ .
.,.b ..- o.-. 'J . L .‘ .. -. (u. ) '.'43 .. L3]. «:2. u ...'-0 '2‘”; JA....*.). -. J. ..U (... a 4&3; 1.!!- .312... ...\ .’.

. , . . - e
. .. ‘ ,' _ '. . _ -2 ,. _ __‘ ‘._. -. . '._ ..‘”- 1;. -- ..‘ .‘. ‘..» , r“. _ . - I ..
".-s...a ; ‘..‘-.1.-' ..’...L. kt“: 1.‘.l£'\g (1.... -.‘-U ".s (a.‘~l‘.’.,.'.ls é‘)-J.-)-1r.)‘ld IAJ. ..‘J.J-‘l-.~J.LJ-"L.JI A. .

 

.. 3...... . .s. ..‘ ...» H .. f. ,. . . ..‘, .. .. :r'n-" ; ._ .5hr, ..-'..I. ”.7 _
"l.;.4.“ .. vii.) 14,-, «J'edf‘J-JVJ. 9-1 ‘.JtlLth.’ ..L-‘.~'“\?a..a(-. f4... “’...-...' CNN-..‘ ...‘ J..‘.3

. .. _ .‘. ‘. ...._' ,~’,_.. -“ 1 .. ... ..'.;.'I . ..‘... .... -.. 4
3 -.'.'.:‘\..nt-'. ..z... ... -;!.J.! (..‘....‘J ,‘1.'.‘....:': uJJ. ..U 3.20..) 1.1.0. 4' ‘....'..'.-.;';'.-Up H.‘ .).\v.2""v.'.’

.‘ . 1 ! v. - '.‘ w ‘ . l f. ' _..._ a ‘ “ ' . .. g- a p - ’ o ‘ 1‘,
l - n (e a. v. - r ' -... . . . ..' . 'a f ' O ‘."(_‘!..' ’1 ‘ ' .‘ ‘.
.'L-J '_{._l. | .,p’. A .3. ---: .‘ ‘.. I...» -Lf‘u.; Is! 4“ -.£l—l.«' s’i-u.‘ ‘ -.'." rr-r‘,‘ls()“ . G... ‘9’: oI-LII-J‘ hi u-l..’-c. ..‘.L‘ -~{.'

_ . ......, _.. . .‘ . 1., .‘h . " ... . , . ‘, '.-. -..,. , , gr '. . '... I. _M' ....I
I. if... (- ..a~ I .’- a) .| .'.! flJ:."d.--.l.‘. ‘ .’." e I .‘k.“m‘l 5:,de -(‘ ..’ be} )SO~‘~-..“ L . .. ’1)..t— ‘J.'.-_1.'~.J (J .'J.(I--.

O “

.\ -,. _._.... .A‘, '.. , _- . '.... '1... - . .... 2. -. ,_ p. . . - , .._ ‘.
14: .‘..'.u. 1..o ..‘.-."J -‘ 1....'-.v’ '.‘.L' —\ SJ»...-'.S.:!.’.r'.’-.(~'q(,U ‘Vix'lf. '31:.3 5.2.3.333J . 311....“ 5‘1!“

e I a Q o ' ‘ s - r.
u.- "n' . _‘ ,r.- u‘: p-. . n' ,. 4 f u" . _ . . ' - .-'K e . ~. - ~
«.'.! (.‘l .\"y'21.'..‘. q! ‘l 2.! :J§J\J(J-L -. ...’, Uh _..—‘.’; ‘.‘ -‘.s':-~-’.;‘.a lm’J-J - ‘. ‘.' .'.: .‘.("xao ffi\3.‘.L
. u. - .. Q . O b l' ' ,c .
’.‘ ' 'v I' . . ...." '.' ‘ ' (' r. . o f‘ A. .> ' . . .- ...! .. ... c' . 4 0 fi " _.. n a. ‘ . e . , ..
“.... ‘1‘... K.‘ \-.’ I .‘. ’1. -t. ‘IJ'L »J i 3.1 I J "..J‘.\ ‘.A‘ .‘.3 \J ‘ ’ . . ‘ ll. ‘..} '.l‘ 5" u. .1: ‘4 :0}-.. .'L . I! .‘ i . (J ..‘l‘ . 3.3 .n’ £113 .L-.’l at U: k;
.‘ ‘U ’ u -e U- w. an} 0““ ’.‘ '-’:l} d".“ ‘J‘"‘"‘""" 1‘1». '."-I0 .l() t. O i’ldJ.LO-s'av dvu Ll i‘l"- L"J.OKJ 34.-.‘.1‘3 (’-;—S

. . . . - - 7'! '- . ~ - a . - - ~ “ ' ’ . P '
‘ ‘. . . . - ‘ ._ , .. . - . I“ ‘ ." - . ‘.. ‘ -. - - . - - - ' ~ . _ . ' ‘ - f- a» _. . . ‘A v . —'
..‘ .1.. 5. ‘.-. ¢ ~ ..’.l._t.‘-~.'.'J-"‘- .'.».J .)t‘. .’.x (.-‘. ‘-.; “..'. ‘~ .'lJ..-..a..’JJ. .21.”? 35 1.1. (:3 .. 31"-) J '. ”‘..‘LLL‘A
_ ‘0 .u w 5 \J
. “""i .2 .- .‘ . D' .~ ..., . '.. , .: ‘ . ..I,. . . VT” .-‘. r. f ,. ,. ...-Kc..._ .,...f. .. ......
’ ... .. ‘..) »,'. x .‘.;J 47.)!) ”.11.. '-.| j.) \ .‘.th 1': e' mi; {..‘.-1.3; ulna-...; .:~.JC'J. \laqu .7) .1 :1!
s r ~ ”I * ‘ n r ‘ . I
". '..., get .. C-~ 1‘ - .__ 4‘ 'V .‘ . ... ... . ,- ..’.
g (...3 I...» F: H- .1. a 1 - .‘.: ‘-‘-.9 95.! ..r' r.‘ ’; I‘LL ‘.’. ...‘}..‘J 1.,; J
. .- . . .1 u C e- ‘
I. Q-'.. .‘.. '. . ; | I ~.a ~ v ' . . “ “I . a - - e I
u f I’d-L V J a (a J's—‘.... ‘. 1).: .. '.‘ .‘.» .‘sr,’_i $ {‘.’ I] «~‘.‘#-~} Jun, ‘ -"‘!.' Iiilr “.1\‘J " ..‘..Q’. 1:! 9" ‘1: -‘ ‘
.. '. . e -. .. .. ‘ ' ‘ ' ,, . H ' ' .a
‘. . _’ >3, . . : . ... -‘.. ... . ‘ .- ‘ .. .‘.. ‘l - ~ .. a . . .. ~;' ,
.'.“.L- ‘-....Ispd UIJD (alas—..LJA“ .~‘-“ .4 a I -~ I .‘.l‘..a.J L-Ufla L; 3.3:} {4 .....J ...("..-' i. ..‘.. :\u’ a"
. ..-. - .- ‘ ~ s " " -
. 5...; .. .'H. ...'..i ..g .1 -33“. .'.,— ..j.‘:3"‘L- '.....
I. 0': ’ , '..'- ‘ ’; l ' - v; ' ‘ I. ' C . ‘."I ’ ‘5 VI".'"""' '..--L .'s - 'i v ‘ ev— " :3 *“ ’ '
~ ~» 05'”. .‘..'£.:-' J .' . lg‘klnt-I. ‘.1’ ‘.'.L‘J’.‘ ."Au’ Jl'o'h .‘Iu ‘t‘l ozb-l’ '2“-‘j”‘~e-' -"J-Z- ‘.'QV!.J;.

I. _ .i -l l- _

O ‘ v ' ’ 7 - I ‘.'v\ n, I"- a. -'- --‘ . ', . . ' . - ‘. v

"...'th 41.12 . ,L.1.J«‘xUU .. :3 '...I. ‘4. ...‘.) ..J '..-.'.: a (M; --
r'.."1. A‘e‘l“

. ‘ r .' I. _, - ... - I. 1 . .. t . —- , - c' .I ..
a. '..-.-.‘..-_-..-:-...-. ailing-... -A(_7-‘. SIA‘lfuéi .LL‘ {EN-J L453: 1.‘.a"«.'£.:i (.'.: haul?)

 

 

81

can be cited as causing interference. Use of shore
for cottages is a means of providing relatively exclu-
sive swimming opportunities, although this is certainly
an extensive use of shore.
Swimming occupies the littoral zone and if heavily
pursued little other activity can take place. The
littoral area will be barren of vegetation and will
have a barren sand bottom. These conditions will not
be optimum for fish and certainly if the real deficiency
is nursery areas, such losses could be significant.
Consequently clean water and space are the primary
pro-requisites and.must be jealously guarded if we are
to give this use the optimum benefit it deserves.1
In defense of the above statement, the author when viewing
several swimming sites in Sawyer County, took note that
'usually the beaches were marked with flags and standard safety
equipment required by the State. In respect to the littoral
zone, the swimming areas constructed by public agencies
on lakes with little development, had less effect on this
zone then did the areas which were highly developed where
a powered motor boat and swimming site were located at each

summer home.

Finally, when summing up the swimming facilities for Sawyer
County, it appears that there is a deficiency in areas which

can support large concentrated numbers of visitors.

Fishing is the major attraction of visitors to Sawyer County.

‘With 165 named lakes, this county offers to the true sports-

 

1Edward Schnegerger - Threinen, c.w.; "Lake Management

for Recreational Uses"; The Natural Resources g£_Northern
Wisconsin; p. 49. 'fiF

 

 

_ __ - I_‘
3t
d
. . . I-. . I' u -' I‘N“ e. m ,‘ . J " » .’. ' I' .
‘0 — .‘. nies' rat, ‘-LJ .‘V:- l |-' - c —- . ~3‘—.-. . :u-lo-‘th mi r .'b ‘- ‘.'V‘-.. .‘. ."2 Q"l'-.)
. _. . _-S ’-' .. " \‘ . . ', ‘ . - . ,. , ._ ' ... — ’. -‘ .. .. .. -
“A .‘. ‘..-.‘.' ‘ ;.’. .._. .'I‘I ‘1 ’ .L _: t ’J-' ..‘.. ‘... . . ‘V ‘.‘ _.- 1‘.) :5. ‘.‘ :1 .r ..'. rt; .IOi {.'. ‘. . au' 4 ( r} .- ‘-' -'
. . ~ I - ,- ,' ‘ . -’a - .. o . . .- ' .—.- ..w. -.. s - ~ ._ .‘.. . s, .7 - .'.-
‘. -.'.}... .‘.“ .. (.... (..-'..IXJ ..'.,‘4.'\.‘ ...—-.'r.’ e1:.3....3..-§.1v-3 .\"'.;..£‘ ..I.E..:l.1~.‘. 5.. _»y',._‘;
,' - '~ - v-v" ' .u'- "1‘ , I v-
. -- < \o . U ~J L.l-' --’ l .. \oa.‘ Iva. .. 4 ‘.' H
‘ " ’ . l' -\ ..' ' . ,, _ . ' V c . ..‘
u ‘ . U 3“ «‘.‘ ‘ " “'1 L':a _\1l.,“. ‘0‘" .‘. ‘ ‘J t.’ ‘..l t‘ o’ J ’:-’ rd 1‘ . ’..: o, J. .L '.':\.
- w
. . - . _. . I- _
.vi .. . “1:14,? .. ...‘ in" "‘.'- ‘4- -S'er .'J' .iu.,t ......‘q. i L ‘.‘. JLJ!
C
I ~ t v -._ _. ' _ _ . z or ‘ ‘ ‘ _ ," ., _ t
3.1..- _ H b'u-.n‘,.1.‘. J u ..1...:.:. ~:: .'.-‘eL'I' .'.. ..r.-.c.::..¢.;i
-‘ -- - “ A 3 . .- ' -’ '4 . - I .V 'l' -' v' I. ,' , .'- r. rvr.- - - .a ..' u - V ff
...‘,‘31 ,..-‘..3. ': ..':JJ-‘ .J-2."-u(..'.‘ 1.. {-..-13.5. ..'..ixJJ‘J‘J .ls'.;°. u. - ‘... .L. 9.. ”.‘. Du
o '- e s s n 1 0
0 9' ‘ ' , ‘sO '. - ' ‘, ' ‘ H N ' l 'o a -
\' IJ ,. ‘-.v ‘.’ .I. ' J «Iv-no —'-- '..a—J (.‘.-i ..' 'J ‘ ‘- S“ ‘le'u-O‘I 07“ -- 1 l-J. .' “(". ‘.C‘
u-
-. ' -. ,. ' .- o - . . . - . 0.: . s r_' - I...‘ .
.\“ ". . _‘.-.- a" '- ‘.' ~1" ‘ _.J’l '-’ \r’ 'I‘.‘ (.14.. l I";— CA . 0.; ‘ n J ‘~-.o)§.r -.. 11 ”J
" .a-u ' ' '. ~‘.m .,ww ~.~ ..va - ' ‘ ‘ ‘.. , r“ '.wl“ - ‘ '\ ‘. - "I
; -. .r.\ .1 _.7 ‘t. e 3".1-‘3! '.’-s L". ‘.'.» ' 1..., .‘. J 8‘)", [15:55.1-3 1 J (‘..T. 1’1)” {..‘.-Us.
. ’ - "’.~ ‘ I - ..‘. | . . J " e . ; ' . C . f . s '0' . .
.J n I; :.' ll oi~.‘.. ' ...‘ -. . :J'l l ‘L.‘. l-A:.“.,-. ’..-.2 :,’u y) 'L. I'. if! 1 ‘1'" as! :J". C ...!)‘u".. J. -\.‘ .L“;
- . ye 1| ‘; -. .9 ..'_ ‘; (- ._ ; p. a .. .‘. .. “ v -.‘.. f' . s, : ‘-' .‘ a l . .
.._.‘.‘,, .'. .8\;...'x..’ ...,1. .1..-t..,‘l.."...l‘| 4 ’JJS‘ J...‘, (J “‘22-, ..‘C-‘J (4....la.‘ .’.‘v.'.('.i‘ U:
z ., -3, ,.. , . .,-,.. _ ‘.‘ ..J, -‘. . .,-‘ .4...) ..‘, (" , ‘... r..- L' ,. t' .. \Z. .’. ,‘,‘
. 't}-. ...» d. ‘ ‘.' "1..“ ‘.‘-£15.! d’.’ “la ‘ Jr]. ‘.. - J-‘ i.“ I". .' 4 ‘.' ' f \."J.! -‘ K) . C. 1J.. .E .. {V 11"
.I ’ s I . I ‘ " . I ~ ' ‘ ’ ‘
I. ' ‘ . . ~ I ‘,‘ ”' .‘." a . " ‘ ' V: " L. "' ‘ ' 5' "" A- 'r I W ' .'." .' ”-
.‘.,hj Lust-'1 .'.‘K'LJ t ‘.'...anL'i-u Jud; figs”. uJ. .'.:sz u ‘)I-....4'....'m J.*1—\..Iv..‘fla
. ' l . f U ‘ . a I .' ‘ ‘ . I
‘ . .. r-I . .‘. ’.' . _ . g. . I .‘ ‘ ‘.‘ . s‘n '. ..‘. . . - ‘ .. ~ - -. .. o- o Q ~ ,.
J .‘ ...-3s;- 0 .sf» . LU...) 4’... 31L O‘- s‘..‘ 5.. .’. .IJJ .z. .’l .‘u.‘. . _..}:Su ..’ ..'.v'..a 6:.‘IJL’:“)-’)U .JLJ tint 1334“”
ur‘...,.-y.; ' z .n. '., . ,‘ . _ . ‘.. '.. ”‘.'".‘.~ ‘.’ --4 ‘.. ' v‘.‘,...,’,"‘ . .. "l':-""- '.’. _ _
...'.s...‘-._..;-5.a.“ .."...I t .J .3 \J A'.-4.'..'.\ ‘.‘.-i .‘IJ.)..‘ .. “LL-J (Ll ’.. -.J.u."..‘.[ ..'31.¢1.‘:.....J£'.?
9
l
. ..' ...‘ Nigger}: J-'...'.'.‘.I:{;’ :11 9'2-) .'. 1.; .2 ...Uf‘J 11E.) ”f5 pun,» 'J;‘,L'sfy g; .,)l.~_.l tifllctl
. - v , , u - o v »
't‘ ..‘ ‘_ . . _.. - r I I _ a u" . -- '.‘ ; .s .‘ 1.. l "
c‘. -.- i-’ . ..1 . A «(X-J hail (an '1-' 1'... .'.cl- .'...JuaJ. .'.;J. '.‘! “Jab! I”)
or ' - . 'A . ‘ ’ ' - r . 4:. tn, ‘ h. . ~ . n .« '.xu‘ '.‘ (- '.'. ‘.. o :0- v .
r. ‘ -. . 8,. ' "I-.' i v i.‘ 7’ 14“". ....51 I) ..,,... ‘.'-«Ni ".‘." s) F}... A!) .'.” d 0.2:.” U .’.C".J 7:: Du};
. ' _..) —." o_ ‘.§"\4 9 I ".~|-? "‘2: ’ “... 2 "3 ;-" .‘ "N". "'.“)" ‘...‘u.."" a‘
- -\ I." .1 .v ...--'-a-)-..HI-L .94.... . .JAV.‘ g’!4-'.o '.~lJ.-~(a -. ‘1‘. -.LI .(' _.- 'u\J’-‘ J (.'.-.‘2.\.‘ a.)
: .. . ..r , ,
I . v’-' '.‘-.'13 -'n d"~:-|' JJ‘I
.'.'-‘ ' “»."- '.s- fi‘: ‘2 i I'":"'-' '11" 1 '.‘. r . ‘3' ("u “H." E. "J". ‘1."fI-I \cr '-'~‘ .'.I.
1 -‘.~ .‘. .’1,1' .51. .a. ‘.‘-.'.‘..l-' ‘...». 1.3.3 '25 ’-- \b. .'. '.z‘c ..‘, v.1 ." 'i‘b“" U 3U . .'.‘u'; . t-L‘. ’1’.(.’. ,.
:1
' . -.:.-I~.. -‘. _.,,,‘_ :fl': . Q 0.: .‘- —t ’.'r‘ 7-3 'c - n w " '- ‘1“: 5".
A.:-«-.--.- ......4_.;, L). 1.41.. ‘.....'...'. 3.- .) e.--. H -'...)J.‘- .11;u..5 {...}... -{( ... ..'...L I . ..‘2.L...'u
.s h
t I ' K
’. -- . . a, " ‘ _. 4 I -‘ ' -~ ..w '_.- .: ...-...‘ ... ‘... .‘.. - . " ..'., _ . .'"_ ‘_ ’
. "I 'L'l‘dd U!“ I ma" &‘—-‘.'l4". 51:1; ’»~'--,’-I “1-3-6,;3‘; . 3.!" J r"(}-'\ ‘.‘! .‘ ..g'Q'LY-‘J‘; {1}:-—'
I
-I I? ‘ ' “‘.‘ ‘7' I 3’ fl? "3‘ ‘I " . < T " t I '.. - "'1‘” ‘ 1" '~- - h . .~ -- .‘ ~. I o- . ' ‘r'
. .‘I" H" I J” H ) " ‘.‘. ..' '5"... .~au- ‘o’ .- (’ ..’"...‘Jv‘I-I‘Jv: .9 .;( Ll-’£.J ‘ J ”.‘. “Cs-q‘ Sl- -
a ...’—flu...
. .'. . - .. .0. . ‘.." .’. " 'b q I .‘ ._ g . o. . ' . .
. , ‘ r~ . _ ‘ .. . r.-. - _.- .. . . -.. . - ,. . - ... ,. .5
«.... ..f. ... ..-'...» ....z 13.; ~;. - ..~... (4 -"-.ou.‘..’l IL: .1; 1...: ‘ “:1... 73.; ..'.-1‘. r h ‘a’. 1.1. 1.-I ..
n “-0- ..- --‘ o-nuo o-Mo —o«- . -—--... -o--‘
I
4 '~. . 1. L. o . ‘ ‘ " ' ' A
*1“ - 8“” 4‘ s.‘ to ...' ‘I.'.J}l-.’ .. ." .' - J ‘,'.‘.‘?._ I'I. _' ..-...v‘. I
. I- I - .. m . -,- o - ' ‘ I .\ it I ~' 1 . ‘l ‘ . v ’
.. .. .:..i . . L {3 ‘ 1W _' - ". ’.. "l i. ; t. u-0 -. t--‘..J‘F.'v:1.l-. .( -
. - ..- --~. 0 g ‘ -.‘. - - - . .. .‘ ‘.-- - . e o s -—o -.~-I ' ----
O .
s\.L' .\: {VA-..'.C'g‘fi .
o. o o. -. v - n -. 0"."

 

 

82

'man some of the finest fishing waters in the State. (While
the clear lakes are full of pan fish, and the streams full of
trout, there is little development in this area to harness this

atmosphere at its best.)

From the standpoint of welfare, there is no finer part-
icipating sport than angling. It takes the individual
outside, and it furnishes "a pleasureful use of time
not spent at work" during all seasons of the year. It
furnishes healthful, moderate exercise, offers a mental
challenge, provides an element of chance, and as a
bonus, it can provide meat on the table for the skill-
ful (or lucky) fisherman. Clearly, with all these
values, we negd to provide just as much fishing as we
possible can.

Chippewa Lake is known for its record size "muskies", out-
standing walleyes, large crappies and other numerous panfish.
Because of its size, the "Big Chip" provides many bays where
anglers can work weed beds foeruskellunge without being dis-
turbed by others. Generally, it is undesirable to have two

fisherman on the same hole.

Fishing appears to be better when the waters are cooler.

As the water begins to cool and the days become shorter,
the fish start a feeding spree that is unequalled
throughout the rest of the year. They seem to abandon
‘much of the caution that they possessed during the
summer months. At any rate, autumn is the real
fisherman's paradise. The invigorating air, the new
cool blue of the water that reflects the indescribable
colors of the trees, and a battling fish on the end of
the rod are the things writers and painters have used

 

2Edward Schnegerger - Treinen, C.W.; "Lake management
ZFor Recreational Uses"; The Natural Resources 2; Northern
'Wisconsini p. 49, . ""—"

I:

 

 

.1 ‘
. ~.- 3 Ila
f
.‘. .
.- '. _ - "- ‘qu
‘ f
. .
.'.. I.‘..’o--- -
up .' ’ ' '
m1 . ' -'.
7‘ \ ‘1
cuss." ~ . o
s
;
:- ...
' Q
.— .. o _ I
-" . \-
".‘ ‘ 6.; ". s
«s
l ...
: ‘ .
-, ‘ v .
-....-R-t's
I.l
,‘_ .-
..] . “..'.
" I o
‘1 I_ c
.
- ...
.- - -‘ - l-uo '
.
~.. ,
‘ I
.I J- a. . §a
.
an, \ '1
in-“ ..'.
.1. - 7' .
l . .. ¢..
.
~ s
O - ‘.-
'a“ -.
o ’ .
‘ -. .. 5' . ‘. -{ '..
.
u
p ‘.'“ -‘
l H -1." .. '.p
a . '
Lam-O
7» '1 ’
, .fa '
, 1..
x. I'I‘
--~.‘ '.ok'-...
.. . i ‘
-.‘.? - ......
. is s
*4 Ile‘
o‘ _ ~
.\ \
h‘u. -
s " '1
c‘o- ‘ \
. o

’ u
.-
.
'.‘.
.
.I
Infill

'.'
'.a
I

\T -
'.v
I».
l

.

I

el;v

.-
. .\
a.‘...
..
.
'O
’u
u -.
.'. n

'.'." . ‘ l ‘ 'l " " '. . -' .'“‘ I, " f
. us ~‘ .I ' . .- ‘ a‘ I -'.. \ ' - ~ ~-‘ Pl! IV ‘ .’.1.‘~._ - I ' 1‘ t». -. ..‘ v a DJ ‘4' (. (a ‘.‘ 3 I
v - | ’s
‘.. .- ,- . . , ’ -. _ . '1 ..'. \(' ..’.. i . '.. -.
..csles ..L .t s- . (i'uv. . L. ..' -.(J ..' ... '- a I. - cum .‘....t-o. . .1
a '- ' r ' ' . '
,. a . .- , . .. . . . . . - .- . ‘.... - . -
KH- .'. '- . K‘s-‘.‘". ‘1... j A ' tr‘ -‘.-1‘ -' -\.J.s. .‘. e... “’.‘-ll." (.a.».l..r...2
.1 . I . '
- , . . v ,. ,. . ¢ ..‘
...J-o '1‘ '..—0.? .I {7. '3'! . ‘-
\
1 fl 5 ‘ I. i .. . I .'I " . .
. . . . o s r ' . ‘7 '. '
._ ‘.- ..- . -.. . .. c ° .- .- -~. .‘. ..‘.I ..'.2- U c ’...».J ., 2...) k .. .
3 u . I n
. -, ,n- . - . .. ‘ l. , . . o » s .‘.. | 5., , .
.. .. .1 (. ..-.. -... g, l..'._'. ..'.: ' .....J J -.-.r . . . . -'.n -- -..
. . , I _
. ' p ‘ . . l —‘. I -
.I ‘ x _ _ -- l‘ v. ‘ 1 . . no ‘ n-
. g . ... s -...‘b. ' .. a" '.. a 'J .. .‘. . t .\ -..3 e... O (. ,-. .. ‘.. o\
v
. . , _
- ‘ v . v ‘ ’ '. , ‘ '.. - - s a '. s ‘r .f"
.~ -.. 's H L-vh. \o ... . s , ‘F‘é. ...? ’ -.I.. ‘ o .’.-J ..'! ..' S; «H 6.:
s ‘ ‘ g I- ..
. > . . , v - ' . ~ ‘.. I _ - ‘... - I... . ..’ . N s . -
-‘ '- ' ‘.‘ (A. ‘I. -.' .‘. '. - . .‘.! .3- ’-‘5’ ‘--~«. .- § ..’..ho‘ .’.a «.’a |' ‘. J - .)
. . ..
_ ,r_ , , p ‘ -. . . ‘. ‘. , - -
.' '..v. C '..1 .. J . ‘.I .0.- . ‘.' ..~. ’ l.‘ o t. '.- -. -' ' C'J' .‘.-.7....‘;...J
' _~ .I t .0 -' v _' . . (u o .‘. -
' o , . - . . . .
-, - ‘,'-\ '...! | ..‘ - “a .‘. 1:1' -‘z .r-Ian un“:.d,‘ ‘ -.‘. 13”.) .‘.L ( .."t L!
- s w v _ . .
‘ .s .',' I.- ' , ’ ‘rs, :-"a 5. I . .‘ : , ‘ '
cL-\ ‘.' ‘¢\' oas- ¢ .--. I .a -'- . "" o =‘O'Qosuh \ ~l’e " '.'. .C } .LC'J n'
l . r- ~ ‘ . _' , . 1‘ ‘. r '.' " h" - ': . I . - '1 , ' ll' '\‘
... J.‘\_fi.' -‘- s‘i.‘w° ’..‘l’l A). r “ n'.’ ' . . -.. ‘.' ‘34‘.‘ ‘1.’ P- '- I.‘ i. Q ‘I:IJJ-A ..‘ J
' n
. .- ,.... _ r . .; . . .. ‘
.:~-J-.¢‘ '....‘O‘d\‘s'~-I-.\a
.. s . .- u
: ~. . . . . s ‘ ... ‘.-“, , , , f . , _ ..
ox...t-}‘ . ..,,-a 'vz-\.‘-.‘ . 5-5. ..‘.! . L-..()\.n.~ to. Cant-L, ‘ --‘K" ..‘ "
- ' ‘r .- ~ .
. I, ‘ . ' . ' "_-'a v‘ I w ‘ - 'l I! v a _ . f h . _ .s .
Z - .'.1.‘ - 1..) .' 1.. . L}: 'H l a. ..‘ ?‘ _.v '-. t s. '..—H I. - « ‘A-." .‘. s‘ -
‘ ‘ I, .. L .
.. . ' . ,. " . v '1 ' .. ' «
t ..., . '.._ ‘ _ .' 1 q . . . ‘ 5." . _ . . r _.
. lJu’ ‘ \s ‘ ‘I' b .‘ ' . .'.{S - k‘ « I .l c-e's .- 4 be} -c .‘.k.‘ v (l‘o‘v.4“. L
-- _ ‘. ~,- . _ . ,. ' :
.. . r u ... . - . ' '.' .' v. ' “ ‘. «\. . .0. r 1‘ "I. ... '-
ano'lf. 4"- .' 'a . . -‘.'_~ .'.- ...-.‘....fri a. ..'." ')( ~J“ I: I ,' -.‘-'.‘“ 1 .. . .l (q -’ '». ...
p , I I ‘w ' 9
..‘. t .. ._ ’ . . ..| ' . : _ - - ’ .'. . .
‘ ‘ . .. . ’ A x 1 - , l' ‘\ \
h'u: .J-'z.'-..:.t.». I!) ‘..“. J-. c 5...}.1’- if. ‘ I: .‘. al-4‘f ‘.‘: ...k.’ ‘...-
\, s
_. £(‘. . . .‘.” ,' . .I". f" : ’.‘ ‘ . s .
.l‘ -. «’5' ~11 -.--U j g n\’ I: .l 1-. 'i e -‘ -
~I -.. - I. .‘.-. s'.‘.J .' -vs ..,- ,} "1 . ..' '..! .4515..-‘ ...)“: ‘J-' (4- ‘.L " .' . '.\-.s‘\r . -
0‘ ’7 l' s ' .‘ ' ‘5‘ I . ‘- ; s o-t I . '-
; , ~ . -. ..‘ . ' ‘ ‘.,¢ .' | . :_ .. . 7“ '_ 7
1.) ‘0 lo " a ’.J- .. ' 13;.1 ..‘..L‘L‘IJ Kol§' ‘IAJ.‘.‘. v ‘ . .'.. J,- A-\| a
r; ‘. r' '. "- 'st '1 ‘ -:- {c '.. ‘ ~‘ - ...- s. ..' . .. . -3
'0 3’s" 4.1.33 '.'... a) 11" ...! vein 4"K1 ‘ - ..‘ l..- ‘.L n ‘0 --.5s' O {-1}- o- \' l N
. . . . . I . ‘ u '
‘ _‘ , . .. ... f . ' '.. _. .... -.,,. . ‘. . , .,
...' ' . nu V- '.-. . .:. ..' . .‘.-l - ‘1 -‘., - _'. ..Is .5 .’l. \‘I . ‘( 3| ...
‘— \,
. - . ' . r. . . ' ..' ... "i' ..'. ' ’ .'. , . C -',
. . .l . .. ‘ _ ‘. . .. ' ; z. _ I .... v . I I
a- oo-J‘.‘ '.' ,-s\.-:u\-‘ ...-..‘.2‘ .0 ’ s ..s I“....3-. '3‘.) . -{o.s - - 11...: A
J
. h ,n u
. . . ' ‘ -‘ . . v f s - w y. 'y . — a.) r. .
~’-J\ .’qu. \ .'. 1. .... ‘1,.s t-J‘) '-.. .’JO ...'"- Q " I .01.. . - " ' . .’.,
. '. r u
.. .. . . . . . ,, . .. - ' .- n. , 3 . ‘ ..
. _ l . ‘ ,r y .s .. .
c --.--~‘ \n'l"""““ "v anti-Jr. ~J~ .. .--"-..‘. vJ‘-‘~"~v 1’ z. '1'» . -1t\.-. .'..
. .. -: '-""-.". -'- ;--* f... m.- . - '-:-. . r-‘.’ .
' '5 o s I —~.* \. ‘:-. .‘ .a. I . use .- s3 - ... dtjf.’ .‘ ‘4‘) (_.., "‘1‘... ‘1 ... V. ‘.‘.J
- I . . . . :.— o .1 ' .‘. .. , , _4 :d. ' .
‘ , . u . ~ ... .. ., . 3 . _ .. _. _ '
~. l 5: ‘.'.- ..' '.’ ‘-.-...“OJ e.l" I. .411... ‘ 's-J-j JaJ In, ..4J -.‘. ' .-‘ ..L' 7
. ’ ‘ ' 3 L
. I ’ ' -. , , I‘- 0" . -, I r . o.‘ - ’.‘ a _, a' ... .s -'.
M t... aunt.“ I .‘.! (.... 3.1.. -.'.; a..." 315.4 1:,‘. _ _g“, ' (f ‘ [-fi;
“-...“ s - ex . s v .- .- - p u u .- ...“-.- oo“'-'.
7 "
. -, . '
n". -' r‘ . II .‘ .' . ‘ ' '~ ' v o. ' . . -
.‘.: . «antenna. .‘.. y (..'.-1,}- .o_ 3. '- -- ' 3“ L1; '. .'-.-‘
' -‘ . o -‘ . . I a. .-‘ —"'y _. ‘,: . ‘ , h _ ' .- _ « . .
u- , . a . _ s . . ’ t . ' 4
. ... t. J. .- he...” .. .- ...... ,-, ..- .... J. . _
‘ ' -..... r r- 0'» v~-o .- ._e ——~- ----- -.. ”..‘--...

83

as choics subject material since the beginning of sport
fishing.

It appears that Sawyer County has the necessary requirements
for excellent fishing, which are: (1) water quality and (2) Ade-
quate habitat, to support and maintain a fish population which

will offer many hours of enjoyment to the future fisherman of

Wisconsin.

Bogting in Sawyer County is provided by 137 named lakes,
‘Iany streams, rivers, and.impoundment areas.
Boating has much variety to it, and includes rowing,
canoeing, sailing, speed boating, water skiing and
ice boating. When boating is practiced with moderation,
we can say that exercise, the opportunity to be outdoors
and the opportunity to enjoy the esthetics of water 4
‘from boats, are all very much in the public interest.
One of the most popular boating activities on the Big Chip
is canoeing. Many youth groups and families start north of
the Lake on the West Fork of Chippewa River and then
float southward into the Lake. Once here, they can camp on

one of the many islands or portage at Winter Dam and move

southward down the Chippewa River.

Hiking in Sawyer County has increased in recent years, primarily

 

3Bob Davenport; "Fishing Tips”; Visitor; p. 19.

“and; p. 51.

 

.‘. — _ 7
J
o ' ’
’ - . a 3 ' I.
' ~ - ‘ . ' ‘ . I . . ' ..’ " I. ‘w . . .. '_ , ' . ‘.‘
.4 ‘ l o (I . .'.‘3 ‘ . , ~~ ‘ ' '-‘.a .4 ..-' I- d..‘:,.' ..‘... § t‘l “ ml '. -‘ ~.¢ .. "'- {'I'-c’ %~‘..‘
. .'..319'3.3..‘
"_ , A... ‘ ‘.. . ‘. . .' ‘. ,« K. - ,,l ' V ~.._ ' , _“ .'. -'.. '5 . _ a. '
!\I ~' ‘ 4 “ -o_ J. ' ~ -, .’ . ' .cQ] »_J, :1} -"‘- J Lay-W" ' ‘- ‘JIJL'.. J-z' i. ' ’1’" ’ ea ‘ ‘3 ll -. -’. ‘ " Was.
. 3 ‘a b a -
I 1 r .\ . r _-- . . ‘ .
'..-- . : .'. w.'*.‘l. I, . ‘ .»‘ -. . -.' " r- - ‘ r ,, ) .' ”N A r ‘ "
.s. .1... ‘\..l ...’.l 1 ‘...-..-...o.'-. .‘...-x J . ‘\_.'- ..‘--.4 Lu -.-: (.‘s‘fiq‘ Iv. -‘. .0 J..-‘.-. 1.3.. - .’.C..-
"r"; ‘ 0 ’ 1 - ‘rr if’ ‘ '.‘-t, ' ; I. - . “" . ' .,, ‘ '.'! -..' 7., f '\ ’ ‘~ " 'l'. k ’, ‘ ; n I. A.
1.1. -'.A. .l " - .' ‘-..:‘ ‘ 1‘ l \, -‘...- .‘J ‘.‘-k, ‘..-}- .‘,' ' ‘.-») .2 _.IL - - "J ( ..J ‘J ,' .0 J.“ )".c£ ~- g ' ‘
1
. \ < . l. ' —, , 3 I". ‘ . , x.( r . ' . l .‘ ‘." (‘~ '.'. . ' ' z' ‘
...A J a_._p' . . 1. _.-- r..‘ -.I.‘.. ‘.' ‘ .I ‘1': o I...’ J -‘.‘. sua. 2' I l .‘ . .— ..K.’ ..- a .
- - u
‘ s 0
‘ a . ‘ l’ u. f
. ..‘—'..draala K O
-4 I u n O
- .n f .\ _ V'a. ‘ . _ l ‘l ' 1, a " ' ~ _ '. I ’ , i.
‘1. ..‘-n...'. I Jl .‘o.-.J \‘.—.E. ' 3 'r‘-'.- "‘.' -1’, 1..-. t ‘ijI,’ \ - " ,1 1 V... I .~ I n.
k b V "o..--..- n o
A .I. ' '3'. "‘ ~ - ,- " a" L " v”. I I‘~f ’- ' '.‘ S" :' ' . In ' " \Pv I
' ‘.‘. .‘.' sun-.‘.) “ LJ . Jl~~'un' .J (—' -» ’0“. L 1‘ L l' . 66 s-% '[a’- .‘. ‘ "a i. "f ‘0'" '.‘ " k‘ I t.
- - a r . s , - ‘ ..
- ' \- ‘ - - , . - " I ,_ . n . a, . I ‘.. o , _ ,6 -‘. ‘ _ - - . a, ...‘ '0 . ‘ ' I, ~ . ~ ‘.‘ . _, '. . .A u‘ u .
{-.."-' .‘. ... (.... .'..-_-la.n-' ':11.9 ‘-a .1 \,..t 1..L.'-:. .'.-.a‘J (NJ-‘.’}. (.97.!— . “-27 .A'fL‘-".'
. o l
'.‘ . - ‘ . ." ' a r -
_' . “ f ; " .- r. ~ (” '_ 'r". " i: ‘ I‘ ll' '.‘: li' " ' 3.1‘: 1‘ o
_. 1”.» R ‘...-3 ...J (g .‘.. ...'. - I (‘.'a;_.-' ,51L‘ ‘.. - ‘-.'r.||| ( ..:‘-\’...‘§.' '.4 0,) .,~‘a.!-. ..' L_ ‘..—'.‘ a)
I - _s ' v ' : ’ C ‘ I o. n l ' '
. . ' ‘ .I ‘ v ‘ 'Iv,‘ ‘1. ' 1 . ' 3 . ',.' > ' " , I \ '. V .. .. I.
. ‘,:-e—). ~'.. ' ‘.' -1 -.. 0.. .J- .v -I \s L! -.‘-r Q ...'. -.-:‘x.:.~.s.‘llb“J 1’20 “ .1 ‘t-‘-‘..—a :l‘. ‘1 '.', u..'.
I 'l' v .. ' :5 . ‘-'-; l I " .l~:'.'| --':'v\ . " ' ""' '. 2" ‘ " i"? l’ ‘ ‘
: (I. t,‘ ...‘Is. L-‘ _u.‘..1- -.‘ .‘ . '1’“ t ‘J-. .’.. ‘.‘ -.-' ~J '\LJ '.‘.- 5. $3., I. v
i ‘ y
I a
. » . v
. . .,, . . . . - I ‘0' e ‘ , - - : ‘ ... . _ . .* i . -- s n . ._, . V . . ..’ '.
I ‘ .u- .6 I .. I_f \,!§. . ..'. ‘..—J '.. .I ...‘.J ‘ \' Lalf' {‘.J («.'. {.’.}... ..A‘L. 11' '\J .'.,'.5.J a $.33
_ a '.a .
... ' .. ‘ _ ‘ I .
r. '. ‘-~ ,' . r .' ‘ -,~ f. ..— . .‘.-g' I: 'l~~_ - .' O. .'.-W 4 "'- . ~-- 3--'."»
.H ‘ l O .’.s. u!.l.. ». 'L-’_ ‘ 3.“. y‘.-a~, . .~. ’3 '.‘)“. .‘ .t.’ ‘ ...‘.a. «‘5‘ :3 on. fa ‘ ‘1‘, IOL '«l 1 'LJ -~ -.~
‘ v . ~ - -' . i w . -( -‘ ‘a - ‘ " g. . . . . ‘ r' . - .‘ . v,
‘ I — I’"‘| ‘ 'Ll‘a .’. .J 1“. ‘1-0‘.' .:--\ u.“ «‘0. ‘..;;-I d “(v!\: vii-3ié’.-Jt‘ ' \J " .;1l'." ~ (0. ' I
I .
|I _ ._
v , r ‘ ‘a O r . -
. . .'.. , nan. _- . : 4 ,. . 's ~.- — -I . .. V
a . .. ’ .. r ._ .- ' I. '9, -‘1 " , - . :,“
. t. 2»-‘ --‘. ht . .‘.aJec'to la ....-,- - ' 1'. .9 'a ‘chl..-\' 4:-J4'(“‘ ‘..; _ . .' ’14....‘KJA! - . t. ..‘
- - -\ 'l " l « - .
a! . 5‘ a \ a 3 .l I a . -.. " an . - .-' -~ a o ' - c ’a _ .- . -‘
. L'. A ..,J l 1.3 . 4 . ’. § 11-3 “ .11.“ _...3 ‘.l- U ' -2 tau: ..’a .' L".h -n’«3:‘\‘1. ~'..“
. ." ' (v: I 'ua. \ ‘ .‘. - '- I . v ' -- ~ o - -" . ... .' ‘ ' I
x ,9. . ' , r '2 . - ‘." r I_‘ - Ia . v.‘~ " ' ~. .1 ‘ 1" ' 'r’v ‘.‘ ‘ ' ‘
I ~ . s 1 ,P-,¢ ts‘ . a-... ‘ L.‘..) c 0.. .'1 '1‘ ..’-- {‘.’ .I-"-')‘ ..'11‘ ('.‘. 11.... ‘L a‘ l“:‘« :- ‘i -‘-‘(.|’:" ~351k'.‘ ":
1 . ‘ , ‘. a ‘ '5‘ r I‘ ‘ ‘ ’ ' V _- _ 97.“. . ,' . 9"! r ' ~s : f .. A al -‘ . _ a ‘} ~ , “
w n (... --...: -.' 1.4-. -...---1'..,: . ...- ‘1 ~. . _.p.1 ... .J’. ..A‘ -'..11.1-'.-.‘.’.. 3J3 j'n. .; ...-g .~ U ,, ‘5‘-
. .' ‘.‘” ‘f _.|'\‘ ,_. . . ‘ ' ... '.- ....
9.... 'V .-c ...; . I J. . .\ ..JAtJ U i‘ . l. .'.:I‘S‘;-J-»' '-
H. !. ..‘.. >. I g a u ‘ ' I g I' '
-" ‘ . »,. ‘ ' ". ‘AL: -,f. ,. a) V ‘ .'. av . r:.- .‘. q. . ‘,‘ -; ‘. . .4. w - -. .. . '~-_ '
.’. .3, - m a - -u t ‘ 5 . _~. - -_’ ~ ‘. ~|J 3 ‘v“ .. In .. '.--_-' ‘. J.l- J .‘. ‘.'1,‘J‘ u ! OJ ' ‘ w' ’3.‘ 1‘ t‘, ..L”. 5' ',; 2:. _ {I}. ’.', .4.
' ‘3 U. . --~—"
”‘M-Aa’ anti _.--0- ..‘--- .4. .- ..‘-u.»— .‘.-ow."
0‘
h . . ‘ .
. v {2 0".r(‘.-i ' “ "I" l .' “.'r ' ""‘I- " ~-1’-.' .'.-'1;
o--4. o~ (--....,k.-.J ( e-z ...». ._- .44”..- .. t‘!“"."' V-I»-’ \.L"
\
- - .. -. .‘3'.
. .. .-. i ’
.o- w . .I In A. "a...

 

 

84

because there are many trails available to the public than
before. Also, the trails are being designed and constructed

to create interest for the entire family. Some of these
significant points are: (l) rare or unique features, such as
Rock outcr0ps, overlooks, and educational items are being
sought after as a main interest point, (2) manmade features,
such as interpretive devices or exhibits supplement the natural
scene where needed, and (3) informative signs along these trails

appear to be of a more educational value than before.

Some reasons for more trails being constructed are:

Its outstanding advantage is that it allows visitors
to see features in their natural setting, and provides
an experience more realistic and often more memorable
than interpretation by indoor facilities.

A trail is relatively economical to construct, and
can be developed fairly rapidly. Improvements can be
made easily, and.mistakes in planning or development
can be corrected quickly, and at less cost than would
be involved with most other facilities.

..it can serve a large number of peeple, yet does not
require the presence and expense of an interpreter.
Visitors may walk the trail when they wish, and at their
own pace, and.may receive as mugh or as little of

the interpreition as they want.

Probably the most significant trail in Sawyer County is

a portion of the North Country Trail which will eventually

 

5U.S.Department of Agriculture; "Developing the Self-
Guiding Trail in the National Forest"; Forest Service;
‘Uashington, D.C.; 0.8. Government Printing Office; September
1964, p. 1. .

I
.4 .
I n ) fa 5 ' ' u .
* » - ‘ . ‘ - - .‘ ‘ r ‘ 4 ' . v '
(. J .._ -. .a ‘ ..' H. .‘-. . -.. . ~ - . ...:cu,‘ '..., . .. M .a . Lu. ...».
r . '
- ‘ v , - 4 . a ,r‘ - )
' . A ..\\J .‘ ' J n ,. ' s - L .' . c ‘.n' I If-.- 4-..] ”— t‘ ... .--:--:J- -~'
I . —' , - -.\ 9 -'~ . » . r .7
' I " ‘ ‘ U.‘ f
. - -n - Y ‘ - ' -'.. — —-.. ‘3 .. - kcv- k-a -‘ ’o‘ - s .‘. a «A .‘ICQC' ‘ -J
‘u
1 . - . . -
. . .v. - 4. . . 1". . , , . -~,' 1' _ I . '5
a v ~ ‘ .. Q 4 '-‘.) - ' - ~~' -' ' -' Kn) ...‘“ 1.0.‘_~l,.’ 4‘. ~.L--~f..-‘~'-
~-

I r u I . ‘ f ' ‘ ' .

e ' y. - ‘ . ", . ’ g. s - ‘- II ,. . .--I U ' I - ’r' -- '.‘ I q. , '-~‘ .
\' .x... {a ‘...;‘v c.’ .'...3. “...-3;. ‘..).1',..',) ...»..'.~ er..kL‘\-_,'.,Q-;LA ‘...L". ., ...!H; _r, :fI ..

- -- - , m - - ~ ’ " " ‘ * -‘1 ‘ ‘ r'~ I“ I; v- 1 o ' re - - -’ .-' a -’ r r' '

(v v'..; .. - .5... "H .‘..1'1.".'- -' \ “Dv:‘n~i~‘n.. ”It... als‘jsaJ. r1“. 2-; ‘.'» ..'-i o-u’d _.31: Ji'. ..‘ l-

. I , a Q Q ‘ I ' 9

' P" I . ' . . I v , .‘ , , , . ..' u- v 'w ‘,_ r I a u . I- .‘T e ' ~ -- - :- I - ' . 5‘s 4 I u A

J— ...‘ -\ 'I g.‘ - [i - ‘ . ‘1‘ h; h v' I '4 -'. h .‘ ’-‘ ‘.' §~‘: ’..... ...-'1 - '.‘1‘ d'- Ir“ (:2; \ ’.‘. I '- - '.‘ - . ‘.' ‘.. J21 .) ‘ -'., ‘ [3 {j .'. O . '. ... a.‘ .0 - o

. . . . I I. .
. r. r I- - I . I 1 ' - .r‘ I I ‘ s I . . ‘.' .f-‘\ I . ‘ C - ~ ‘\ ‘ . I - - f f t ‘ ' u y \ . .
'.... .-I".¥‘! .1‘.I-l‘..s' 1.1:. ...’) (~14 I.’ I ‘\’-.-sta’- Natl—ca", Ki") xvii" ‘3 ..‘-«....f’. a" J .)(- -.‘} .'..'...

 

 

 

l . . _ . ' I, I —'. V'. t' 'r ' »‘ y, :- -‘ “I .. ~, ' .D-I- . I - » a u .. ..’ -‘ _ I.
..‘I.".U_~.,.“..- 1 ”-... -_3 .. £9.15] 4.;«5-..‘--....s-lelifza 1.... Ln: 9; ..HJ .‘.ti 0.» J...
I .
Q ' I. , c ': r‘ ‘ I V) " :. {i ' r .I I“! . “\ a, '. ‘ " ' ‘ ‘ fl“ , a
a, .-"- . ‘..”u-J—.~. <- .t" I~I 1.3; A (-'.- 11w"! - - \ l - -.‘.‘J- 4..4\‘, " .‘ on _ '
. ' I U s ‘ , \ " -a ' - '.
. 'I - '."o a I . t s .. - .. - .' I' - 1 - ~ fl‘ ,- .‘ r I -. - s ' I ' I s 't
' a ..‘ ~.~- - Uo< i. \J: ' ~AJ .‘., J .'. h- . :1. 1 ‘11“. ‘ ‘.. ‘..‘s-! ‘0‘ 'J \r--‘ '1 ’. ’l 'IJ~ -" ‘.' f It. ‘- .J (a c U 6“
. .1 ' _ I s '
. .II, - ~ .I”. . . ". ~ ‘.’Is-I "" .~. . a-I- .' j ’.' .- I s I-‘.-\ " I~.. . -'
I '.I I .,, Vu (' .'.. ' I ‘L ' I 0 ‘ ’ I:§.',-i '0: , ‘5' .’. "I —\!1.::’[J _LA-;‘ \ {“y. .‘.. J. v-‘0 ‘1 i.'s 4-15 '. ) . s ‘. sf
.-
. . ‘. _ I . - I . u I A. , I- a. .I . . I -.‘ g' f- I'- . _.." .‘.. .' < " Iv .‘. ‘ - I 1,. ‘1
-_,,,\':..n-. .'_ .2. .‘!4.'.J_'. {.'.J. -..' ’.‘.“s .‘_.,_,. A1---.-‘.£_‘..-.L A»? . ..l..t1a.‘.-.'..l.of.... A 1'71
I
. v - . a -.
,I I, . . n .. . ,.I . ,I. -4 x I. .. . .‘ .. . . ,‘ -.-
4 .'a-. .....-s.'..’ ‘v 2‘. a. .'(1(U. 14"... -\I' {\Uj-.J.!4.v.-.-' a‘e‘“):. .>. .‘.},s ‘3
Po " l - ' "‘ v. -‘ a“. ’l v i‘ o . .~ -_ 7- y - ‘-.- r . t' ' -'~ .. r av. - . I .U ‘i -‘ ‘.' ..
I) ‘3 ( ..' .. L; -.bh’ ‘o‘-'(‘-’ Us‘ -..’).- -' I '(.’34\-"‘) ‘5‘ ‘-'-'J “0‘ J TI.<.-- -- QéJ- J‘Inl LJ 0%- "
: . "' ‘ ' '- r ‘ 9
» I. l , __ " ' .l I (I 'a' . I4 I I ‘ ’ " I ' I ‘ I~ " ' ’ I“ .... ’ . . ‘ 4' I I.- - I p'.‘ . ~ h . s
, ..‘WJ i’fs- u..‘.l..t.’.L-,)'a {.’.Li'u..L . ‘-‘. <..... Efi.( ‘1 -9.J.‘.I.~. ‘* ‘~,‘.'...-.' '1 ..'..J 1.". L‘ ’n.)
' "I r . . , .. '...-I- .- . i 0" . . ' . -\ I .. " I “} ,‘-v~.-' a . v 7 1' .. x.-_ u . '- ‘u .~ ~- . " .
..z..‘. tug... v... i) -'.U Ig'....- 1.4.4-". 1.,: ‘..-'.'“)... (iii-.- 1 ..‘.; Q (I_’...“HL'J '.1’3'2-‘N
' v s - . a I I. ' ' '
."llyvl » " "-1 -'. (’h\ '. '.‘ z {- -‘.". in, ‘ '» |“"'~ " YT} ' -‘~ -4, ‘."'l.'."" I n' '.JL" r-
: \ —\‘J ._,"- L». ’vaC cold .so' \-'-~u‘a:. o1 \-~»$-‘. ( 'Iv‘-““'~.IIO-;. ‘. J-‘- ‘J.\ ..‘. h, .l -J ‘...3-)
a a
. . ' . . ' " a «9
..I .~~ . . . .. ,‘ .. . I ‘. I . .y - I, _ . '. I. I, I—I . .. . .‘ I .'x
. Ll‘ J.h§-§.J..'. ..' :‘OJ. ‘3‘... n u‘ ‘..; m \' .”“ is; o" .‘J '.. I’. J.’. \3 vii-...'. ..‘ ‘-
- '~ v v- » \ " A» ‘. ‘ s ‘ ' ‘.'. V - - l,‘ -‘ k . . ‘u « .- “ ,. - .
..'1 .'E c... c .. -~ "i. ¢".'-5-§(.~"~; -.2,‘ -:-.J\:.'.:l.‘U 1". A"). 2‘. 7.‘"v"-~.'.'.lo".o 0...; .o..' s s
‘ ~'..“""*"‘.".s. t“ I'" .""‘.‘ .' ' r ("'5' _I'Eli‘. ‘-.‘ ’- . .'.I'." - ' "!"|‘-
. -.. ' .‘. -;-..-..l1-.‘. x .~.« .“.'~ . c.-..\ ”.'...5 ~11“ . a. Ina-.'.“ ...“. .: -..». ... 4., .l.
' , - s - _ ' I a . ' - q u .1
0I ’. I - -. ... . ., . . ..'.-"Hf ., I f o I-..-......4‘ A . -- . ‘ II, ‘.. ._.. .-.- 3 -'. . I
..-. '- -a' a- .0 I -.. .-.-v ‘ 1.1; .'. '..~ 1» I 5.1.; ‘.‘ .. .'. '.., _.. ... ifs .1...- (JII..J v.1?" . V 3“" - C.) ..Q 'J (..-‘, '.’
v
. l “ u a
. . _ ' .¢ . . . '.‘ a.. I. ~ ‘. n r. a n- “I_' II C r -. ‘.I " vi Ila ’-I l" _ x - - ~ .
an M‘ - - - an- .3 -‘..I La 5d ..'.(.‘. I. ..' Fl.‘ .. 6.5 '.0 - {v J. s‘ 3.] I \p I ‘ -. h: "s- I" Q A II .=' II ‘J i”. U
‘- -.' - ‘.. ‘ t . ..\ , . . t . . . ...", . '. . . q
I A ‘ I" I g I I l I . ‘.r
O {1.3 ~. ‘.--{...‘ has ‘.l‘J-huhr: ‘..’ . ‘ . .'QL'A viii-J
r I -‘ —' 1 s- s. . . ..’I ' o . I .- D h .
A. s n C. 7‘ I- 4; . -a- ,.-" ‘ " " ". - '. ' . ‘0' — '. r ‘ ' I’ ‘
$1.0. '._. "3'4 .. ~ - ”Mm u-.. .’.- .9-..“ JL'VJ. .’..n-dhid ,J .. .aglJu ..J...‘ {ILCFAILM ~
as '.A

.".-.—; '.'- --7.7' . "'..-’ .r-a- -" ..~-~.‘v‘- .'-~' '4- ‘ ....
VL-....‘-;.J-‘f.-J- t) 1...: ......-..1-.~1 ..'..zu. .'.. {‘-.-1.14“.) 13.3.f(_".’.. .3ng ..u £;i(a-.y_..:.:.‘tg, .‘.»

.‘ ‘ '.‘. " V ' Q ~. ' f . a ' ' l‘”
u I ‘. AII . _ ., ..., I I n. —' s- II v , '4 c 0..” I I
- on. ‘ ‘ I .I-I‘J (13!); ’0 ‘.‘ ' | O I I c ' 0". "-4. {J 5'.-. “‘ ' .- ‘.) "- \‘0t 6: -‘- nit. . ' I!
". 0' ’ r “ ~ . 6 e ‘ ‘
. -.- .“. _ . ..I . . I, , .' . .,I .‘ ..V. , .. .’.), P.‘ - ,. '.I . .- . .. ,
. 'u .1. ',A .'~A J ".s-O ... ‘.4 ’.. c ~0's~,-I-" .. .‘.; fl.l(‘n.,-. ~-‘i.". ref-'.' ‘,E.,, .J: a)- .‘. C)£J-LII~).' 'L"
‘I .
. I”, , .‘ . . I. ‘ . _ ,r '! .., '.. x _.I _ . .. ‘ ' v' I. . _ ~ '
‘ ., < l . a . . . 5‘ I. . .. . .—i- V ,I
.'...‘A a “a-.. a I (:'..l.-I .,,.v. a I..£‘...a‘l.J.J. .L -\_J.'1‘14,-,;-‘g(,'.! .'.J.\J C .‘..v. ‘.'“..CIJII!A¢‘.!.~10‘
j‘ .. .‘. g I
...; .‘a, (1".1 .o'
i

 

 

85

stretch from Vermont to North Dakota.

gicnicking in Sawyer County is generally done by the local
citizens. This day use activity is influenced by the dis-

tance from local communities, the quality of the site, and
the quality of accessible roads. The use of these areas
coincides with the weather. When the temperatures are cool,
little picnicking is done, however, when it is hot, the entire
family shows up at one of the local picnic areas. It should
be noted that swimming, boating, and fishing go hand in

hand with picnicking as water oriented sites are the most

popular with the public.

The conditions of the picnic areas are determined by the
amount of use that they receive. The most popular sites are
experiencing problms with coupacting of the soil and wearing
away of the established ground cover. These two conditions
comprise an ideal situation for erosion. Areas with high
concentration of picnickers are deteriorating to an extent

that it will be difficult to rehabilitate.

There are picnic areas in Sawyer County which have approximately
units. Each unit generally has one table with access to
drinking water, grills, and toilet facilities, which are shared

with other units. Most of the picnic areas within the county

 

'.‘ A ‘s ..- .._, ' ’ .
. -‘.”umt- . -‘- kw. (.‘.. ..'-.‘...."... "‘1 . .J., --4,
. v ' ~ . , I v I .
u I -‘- _ . "'. _ J " 'r- on - ‘ t '7
‘ " ‘-'. a; ‘J ‘ l. - ‘ "’ 0‘ ‘u ‘ e‘v'u' s ' \ '.‘- “ - -\o O“ ’ ‘ t‘J 03- - —- "‘-"
. b - 4!. .. - . - .. -. . . -
. ‘ h' . _ D ' a 3.. n s
a. 'I '- V . ' ' I k I ' ' ‘I ‘5 ‘H .'. “ ['7 ~ . 0V .. . ' ‘ .“ '»"' . n .
'._.. ~_‘..s LU 3.. .11. J"-.- .‘.; -... “-._.V- -'.. .h .. ['..-J V‘s»). €444.i.J. .a.|...-’.‘-.--'. ..’
g
s ' ‘ o s ’.- .
Ia '.' ,‘ ‘ -a _ , ‘ ~ “ " §l\ c ' .n (a v
..‘. D t b. ‘1. \a A J -‘ (l ‘5 ‘.. —. .. '0' ’ I' I‘ ‘..! g \n '-'.s'- V‘ J .1 '-" abut.) '-' '-. o ‘.4‘ A... . AI sv‘
o as
- ' ' - t ' ‘ . ‘.. .' ‘ ‘ - .b' 0‘ 0' .'. r- of" ‘J HI -| . . "
K ' - 3 »‘~ ' 'gf ..' I ~ \o—“ I If» . 1.) t- (is J ...-.'.“- ‘1 '..<_ .'.-‘3 a. J nuig- .s‘."a-J"’ . " I:
’u
, ’ . . s -
. ,. - . ..'-n , - -~ I a . - (g - I ’~ , ‘ y - . . ‘- ..u - ‘- o. .
.3 . . Lo - - ‘.l I-" J" - .1 ‘1 I‘ .' .-’ I‘ w‘ ‘.‘ c 1 -1 .1- " In." -a J’a-. '.’
' - , ' -- ' . n ‘ '; ‘ ' V - ' ' c
" ' H -. I I .’. “ '- .." ".‘ . ‘ “L 4‘ '0 '- r ' ' v ' "7 I - .‘
.' I I‘s‘g; (- ‘1... {so via} :‘\ '39- I e _,._. 53(1.‘ ‘tdtp‘.’ ‘Jo. ‘ .‘. a... ' .‘.I J'.,‘..(' ..K-‘ ...--'.
. .. -. . ‘ ' \ ' t
‘ p, _ - ~_ ..‘ .. ..4 . ... ‘ . _ :, ~. . . . ' -. r; _- . C ' . “ - :v _r: V x r, I . f: a. ' h -
-..-‘ '1‘...‘ .‘s -~ _.. . \‘t. l“-" -‘o" '-'.-.;-" O-a-I ‘ ..‘. .‘,‘w“4—L '13- I- cm“, ’..-(I 0‘ '-."IJ " k‘r“\:-‘ ‘.' '.‘ Ll—i
a a u ’. ~ .- l . . ..‘ .
- 'v n ,, - j ' a -. I. . ‘ 'c I‘ s I' ' .9. _ I‘. . I '~
I .' l 7'3.) ‘.‘ ' 1 ’.'. - ‘\D.:§ o.- ‘. libl ‘| ‘14... “ ’.'..- ‘2 ‘1- t. .'. .5 cc. ..' -' ‘.. "-I-J(_ sod - L—
' . I ‘ ' e V ' ‘. a a I " . a ‘ " ‘ | : -\ ‘
,4. ' » --. _~\'("| ~ ' . ' .‘. ', n ' “‘ - u _ ‘ - " ' ' ' , ‘ .‘. " “ - ' _ |.
c‘ \"1‘ A. fl". v: ..' .‘." '.‘.-J' ..i .‘ "J .r- '. ‘.‘ i. 'P,‘ -.‘»! .'b- .'~’ 9"- (DL’ ' .3» ..'-...'..- -‘A'—' " {’J-‘n iv ‘.‘a" I
‘r o.
' ‘ ’ -- .. a. .‘. ...' ' a n- n 1.
‘ '.v. s - , ' ’;
..}_, _'.;.\v .4 Ju.‘ I.......v,t .'.... .-.':-(,.'°‘.
3' . s ' i f5 n . I N ' r f I ‘
' ' R I l ‘ . ‘ ' .-.‘. u . . .
:Ias 5‘ 5 ‘2 ‘ . ‘J-~ -‘. i.al "lo " J:‘ ‘4 .'., ' v2" 'utuu“ '.‘ .‘- ~J’6~’ d ‘.’ "IJ(1".J..' ’. (I) “' ‘.
'0
. - . ' .p. . '.‘: . . ". . . ., ' ..-. -‘. . '.. . : ..' . .
‘l' ' ~ I. ’ I. '. ‘, . f ‘ - 0 r " ' 1' I ‘ ' I.I - 'f . a V" "
I... ..‘.—u ‘1 .t .'l-L Jo;'~‘.§fi. .’ ‘.stn-J- ‘...: .L ...‘ vf‘k-L ~u" ‘7 _fl 5-. II.f v.) I’ltv-s‘ I a ‘01-“ n-(,' ‘) ‘JI.’\_~. ’.E-J
I l
‘- ~ - . a I n
(“w 7 I" t . . " l' O . I - ’v z' ‘1' .-” ’3 ' "un‘ ' ' '
. ‘.' 2.1' : .‘.-nf k. .-1 .- -.L , .._ ~.JII§.1."~J 11.1. ..‘ «4. . «Jun. _..!“ ' ., , .4C...‘
I I ‘

a I I. . a '. p s .
V ‘ -‘ . ,s y .7. . - ' ' -v. v ',d- .4 t; . - r - - '_- -‘ ... : -~.i ..'I 1 ’1; f1 ‘u. - 3 o-‘- va‘ fl.
..'"1. .'..J..J_._..l 0L”; _-,.. .3As,,.'gt.\l.lg.l ...,[AJ ‘1‘]... .J ,,,...£_J,_“ _..nmJi .1... 3.1..5 AK [,LH’J
' |‘ ' 'a l V‘ -‘!e .‘. ‘7 "- .".f- ..V' ."' r I. .‘.“ '-' ‘ ".a\ . 0"“ .'f .‘. 1' "' 2' 3‘0,"" .v s\.* ' ‘
: . .... .. .- hw (...! .'_£.-.‘ ‘1 .'a .:. '... ...‘ O. ...'.‘J .33 -l .1 c... J..; 44.1,,”“3: , ., ,l 1,.(-.'.., g4-'.‘$1._., Let-_.-
. n '. “ r I . . o I ' Q 0 f V a . \v ' v
- ~ '.. .._ . . .‘ ‘ a" ..q. - ‘ ”.._ . .... i ’: - I ,. € .. .' ...' a
a ‘r—amu'etLJ- him...) J. Lu; J.‘.1‘..o.». .-..:..2 t. ..J'-: J.-.-:. .... -'. J .34,“
' r ‘ n | 7‘ I ’ ‘
‘70"-'~.l. .v {510‘ ‘ ._ ‘ ‘.'! .,- ‘.’. -. wl'i‘. :'.-. . ‘ .‘t, ”‘.‘... ., .. ~ . ‘.. ..‘ . ._,, '. .
~.\- .~~ -- . fish: a “whit” “Jain". ..~ .‘.."L ..'; ~ “lax ‘.ll,,.l¢ab ‘.'...II ’..' .2’4‘) .‘., .1. " .—
' '- '. » r 'm . ‘3 " .v ‘.’:v‘ 0": . ’.. a at 0;. -. 3“ . ., ..' .' _’. ,, ' _. "
" , w r.. . ,, . »,s , .... .
‘."-"'-"-""/'J §--'-"--‘ ‘a- "Sn—3 .'I- '.' I: -“ "..."..I.IJ.\:,"" ’¢; -.:.i..':.'." (Ii-3‘) Dunes-.'.LILJ
a
' ' ' | s v. . ~ . ,. ‘ .
. a 73.} ... . ‘ ' a p. - .-‘, ‘ t . '.'. ..'J. ‘ , _.. ;‘ ..‘ . ..' _‘ . ... -. ' .' L .4.
'. ‘.' J I" —- ‘. ~‘ t In.- d.-dc-.-Io ‘.. ""4 a; fil~ ‘..-'.‘ '.‘ I- .1!’ t flask—8.; J“ ¢--."J :J'v". Iii--. .‘.l.: -"
‘-' ‘ ‘.o
. . ' '_, ‘ ‘ ' s ' -’ .
I r o . a I : ‘u f‘ u . -' , F}. g. . c '_ I. _‘ .. _u‘ N r r
I "1 J 1""“‘i ’L“. .‘." “‘-' Vow" ..-. » ‘é'ud 0' (1‘ «‘I..- . {Id-’..I!‘ J. .'I»“{' ‘hs'- ‘

86

are located near water.

3.1.9.2222 £29333. activities in Sawyer County varies from

snowmobiling on the many trails to skiing on the snow laden
slopes, or fishing on one of the ice covered lakes to skate
along on a cleared patch. These sports can be enjoyed for

approximately 4 to 5 months of the year as the winters are

long and cold.

Snowmobiling has become extraaely papular in the past few
years. It is a sport enjoyed by the young and old. The
Winter Lake Region located in the southeastern corner of
Sawyer County has lands owned by the United States Forest
Service and the Flambeau State Forest. These agencies
provide an area which is cries-crossed with old logging
trails and lands where one may drive or hike for hours and
where wild scenic beauty abounds. The Forest Service provides

maps on the location of these trails, which run through their

forest land.

Snowmobiles have increased ice fishing in the ranotest areas.
Ice fishing was always popular, but with the introduction of
the present snomobiles, sportsmen are now pulling small
shelters, and an array of other equipment into their favorite

spots on lakes which were formerly accessible only by snowshoes.

 

 

.
e7 ' r. ‘ 'I‘ a ' r -
.-‘r-’-a.. .‘ 4 [’1 ' '- ..'( ... ‘)
. c- . . a ~ - . \
- - \ _ - r. 3 ~ - r ' s , t < , ‘_- . , e . -. " f :- " - (s g, ' ' v ,— . ‘_ a '
J L .,,.X, ($.I,1.'.:ov) {¢5£d--L.\. .e- ‘ . A ..h» ‘1). t---~.. .~ - ...-O.-..| ‘ ~I . ' ‘4»: -‘ ~ "
. ... o. g ..t— ~ g ‘ O «o-.
u . s a a .- s .
_ ._ . , .. , a. . , ‘ ,_.,._ .. ... . . H. ..'. a: ,I, ' . ..I _. . -‘ . ..._ , ‘_ .
.‘., “. .'. ’-'. ."‘ 5;.“ l_-I.(,t‘,‘ I-&‘ \ :.:.;._‘-.'lss (‘...; Q;-.1,|" -'..) ‘.‘.‘L" ._,}..3‘ li‘...’ 5‘."..L.’.“.. .’l'
J
I
’e ’v a. _ 1 . I H ’
. - . :,*' -_ .‘. I. ~‘ _ e; I .- l~ .‘ ~~ ‘v ‘ 's ‘ ' \ - _ ... _‘ a. ,. I
'ms" 'O-‘.o ' y. ‘0':|w ‘i J. . '. elmr V I 'J \‘i “‘-‘ .-o’:.3 0"“; l.—':‘(.:' 14.“ . ‘l-II‘.‘ 1- ‘...th -' ‘.' . '.' " I .
1
~' .‘I' fir. :- ' - . ’.5 ‘ l‘-‘ ‘e . ‘ 'rw _ ; as r '\ - ’
-. _. I ' (; aLs-’ "s 1.14 (....- -‘.\ h ..'ls- "J. .~.~~e.35 ‘ .|‘.1.-4..) .a ....‘ '- u -.-a
H - .
l g \
a .\ n‘ -‘ a
, . - an ~ . - , _ r I .- . ‘ . p
I s. -‘ ‘0 K. - ‘3 I l_ , ’zaJ O ‘1' .. 5...“. J ' w u l, ‘2(..’ t;(-‘-‘-- ~ .1 J ...‘ ‘L-[-)~ “ Jen -.’ ~‘ f '
‘ 1
.‘..3. '.‘ i-‘li‘c C. .1.
‘ s . . ' r ‘ - . ' .- .‘ ‘.. ~- 0 s .
. .l .’ . . . . .. .... _ ‘.. .-.-. '.. . n’. " _ .a . v
.. . J ....“J‘ .-' 'J ‘..., ..‘ -.3—“ UK! .;.....)D.1.;..,-..~ 3.3!. ‘.’-J- h in u ,3 ...J..I'~¢n.:‘x-UI~ .
I_' n .'s .I ' .. . o- - .. I - .
v v- ’ ~ . f _ f a ‘ .' . II p ._ ‘ ' N ‘v C - f. _ ‘ g. _. I V-_ . . . .
e ‘.x ..'. . } 'i-‘l . ‘1 p '- 15.”! . . .0 . ._4 ‘C‘ss 1. .. .‘.) z‘ie--' ... -.‘J'. .7. N ‘ -'. Q". . (a as ..'.-.1
|
. a.-~ u -..r‘ a -, —-‘ I‘. -‘~ r. ‘ ' ' '\~: av, "-.'\ s. r .-u . .‘ J _"“ "o ‘f .‘ ..‘ 9 .
[i ... SJ.;\'--‘ {.’.I..3-I N)!» ‘fisligt'ao .‘al.’ 614. ‘.‘ ’JL’).)(J..L ‘&(‘o: . -." - - .l.A-. ..' .tl .'

-'. ' " Q -. ...‘ c . V A, I. , . \.-" ‘.. y: .0. 2 . .... .—', ._‘1 ..--‘.. -..
.- \s ' .. 0‘ i". ‘ - .‘-.-5 '. ‘. IJ. ' ‘J 4’.“ ...; ‘.‘.‘xj .‘.}: ...‘-.y‘} .a a 11:23.“. ""fxidfil t" ...: I ".!\I\' 4'... .L‘. f9.
‘ ' . ‘ I ‘. .‘. ,. ,.' . .“' -‘. ..'-‘Ie~ - .'. ‘-‘ - n '- '... ‘f '1 .... [fit - I-: I 'P ---‘ p, - Y s -
L. '-- ....i" J Jibivi... .d‘s- ..tl ..’-lugs... ’...1, air- a- .'. ...;In.‘ his; ;;-:J.‘/.’.-3
“ ..‘ ’.‘ »-!’-? t. - ‘.. - -- . .. ’-~ ...' '. -_ . o . E.‘.‘-- .
- ‘.'. . _..-.,if... [$0 1144'. v. I’MJ .5.:J°’i.~xu.’. -‘.:J A..’. ‘.‘s~-"-.OM.( L‘s--'-J‘: {.'.-t final/(‘9.

. ' 1 i ‘ o. ..-
.- ' r . ;- -~ , .. - ,9 a" . - - ; , .- ~. , r-~-. .- - . . .‘. . u n a
1.1.. of.-.‘)|'.z .'.1..‘-'. .’.“...JJ: ..'.i. ...‘/.5. .d.‘ XS!» $3.110 ...‘ ..'-1.; >3 ..'.}.EAMJ. L125 L.-\.-1.;.~..s

. .

" . Ken'lmi an». .muwl'ichuu-‘a V'...:Ir-;-:m :_‘.-.!-'r‘>:u;-; Links fi'-£.'ii--5

a ' O ' e
... ‘ ‘ ‘ , u‘ , V ' 1‘ ‘- .. -: . .~u ' ..' ‘ -' s_ r .' ‘0 0? ‘3‘ '.g\ ‘ U‘ I) g. . x .‘ ~ ’ '_ r . ‘n . -: h
JA... 13...: ‘5‘ 1"“. ..‘-\4 ‘AJ.’ 0‘ ‘otQJ—'.n4.; ‘ ‘.sd...r.J--.i " ‘I ‘1‘... '5‘... .“._{.~ :30!“ _L :“.‘J tic: ‘... .1.
| .-

i l' t. .

- f‘ ' " cc.

of lulu; J ‘.' | ..‘.!)
...'. .--‘ -‘.. . ’- ‘ ‘--t- I- ’.‘ "'.‘ ' l .r .-"‘- .v ‘ ’. 'l‘" ,-.,— . '. .,, ,a ' '. " . .'

. .’., . a .’. i.) J '.¢~.'J‘l-“\a -18 ._lzo'd ‘.‘J', ‘ It ..' j K‘s-F. .' L" ...__ '.:'_A’ .'., ’.. J ‘-’"; :II“T”M .‘;:JJ..I..‘1(.‘:-::.)C’x..

_ a I" '\ _‘ ";‘ “'. n,‘ ~ ,; "'.‘ : ~"' " 1"- ~"--§I : -. ... .- ‘ m l . , ., ’ '. '.... _~
—-" “k- - ‘-- W- "-‘w' “I” ¢+~-'-'~U’IU‘{ VFW-is. U3". mile-...' .'...i
- o ,

,\: 's.;. (‘3 . .. '- II. (. .o_ :l ...-7... . 1.. '. _. ;' .. : ‘ W _. a ' . '
.‘.—I'- 1.. \ 1‘.-.\.-....2‘.|- .,(II, ”3...; 1;._.,.u‘5 “fir h ‘°;J1'2Q'L(‘C:“¢s(.l"l;fl “:1‘ 1.;- C. “’1.
‘_-‘.. .-D_ , "0.. ' ' : _ ..' I" : .El 0“ .-‘ '5} _,. a .7 ‘ ..‘, . :. Ir- 1 r, .'.s..s. I... . ' ' .‘.-r .- —- '..
a i u. r 9“".3 V . ‘.‘ ol-o - ‘.J \j L ‘I ‘nga u «a "’ -- J. v' A -‘ ,. ..'..l ‘.‘ . '..} 5 ’.‘ a. .‘.. '1 l1"! L I-' t‘ I'. .‘ e’ .1- . ‘ .O

_ ' 'b . . _

H .. 7 ‘ .’.‘ -~ ' r ; - . ... 3(,.- '- .3". , ~ Tm“ . - 0" It" I" , _.., 5 -' u , ‘ - . . -‘ ,. .
. g..,.u(.'s-s.o-'.(L"Jt- ‘1‘! ._J.l.s(l J.'.. 4a.;- l!”-'~-'- " ’ k). .’.~.'l' .LL‘.. 7.5 .'..)L’J li.a-‘.1‘.L. c, .‘.:3:5 {_;U E .,,-2‘;

 

 

 

87

To the skiing enthusiast, Northern Wisconsin provides
facilities comparable to any in the lake states. Sawyer County
...is the home of Mt. Telemark, one of America's fine,
fine Ski Areas. Since. 1947 Telanark has been a leader
in providing the skier with the facilities and services

he desires. With the world's largest snow-making

equipmegt, top skiing is assured from Thanksgiving to
Easter. .

Because of the long season and fine facilities, that are

made made or natural, this region is a winter haven for the

outdoor sportsman.

gnfluencing Factors

Before setting up a recreation plan for the Chippewa Lake
area, it is important to consider various influencing factors.
First, it is necessary to meet specific requirements, such as
the number of camping units per acre, width of the beach sur-
rounding a swimming area, and the spacing of picnic units.
4Also, the trends in outdoor recreation activities must be

recognized as they determine the public wants or denands.

In the past, the National Recreation Association recommended
a ratio of 10 acres of park land per 1,000 persons. How-

ever, as the Southeastern Pennsylvania Regional Planning

 

6Bob Davenport; "A Four-Season Vacation Land"; Visitor;
p. 13. . .

 

 

.g‘
041.5

 

A -'..
‘ KI -:- '

C .

'.i i .J

:J L753" J

. .I - .‘.e-\, ’,', -'. . .' ...‘“ l ’.'”: ‘
(3" :u'-f'-‘e’(i.‘.f !;.i.ke1.{'\‘:)(:-{.'~-' !!;:“-.\‘51L..J08Jn (:5‘13'3J'I ;:II.'1!J-{-oa é 2“..J.J;(‘ ;.:’.g~: C'Jo

- .._. ‘ . ...'. ..'., ..' ‘.' '-'. '. .. ... . '...}.-. .. , . '. . ‘ '-
" ‘3.-. .....qenee .-.}-.._s°.-2. ...... m. 1m. L-J ..‘;ial. -3... LLJ ”31-3.5.1.[34134
.‘

.‘. A

e " » . " .I u

2

- . ' .‘. v. -, - . .§ .. u v,'- , ,. - . 1' ‘ . _ -—'
'18-‘31-“ d r~;J—l- D‘. 5‘ l-.. -..‘-1 :inu '3‘ .’.:.'.".:":‘L~H'.,~ .J- I ' l: :—:"l".:it ‘.'-51" ‘hpe. . .

" 1 . - . " V ' l' . .‘. v . . ‘ ' .‘ '.I
.11 a I‘, '~ ' . _ - " s ' -. s * , .' t s , . '. .‘ ' .
5 ':."-‘ clb‘r‘ ..-‘-{‘5 ‘.‘-‘.'.‘i \'i‘.‘ .5. tw"‘u“e‘ra " . ‘(el-’ e‘v \ J‘O'531 -;“e:--o

UK} ,‘.:. n u;

'.. . .e _. . 7‘ ... . '.' .. ". ' “-._ 1" _. ..‘ '..a ‘ .... . ‘ ..-' . 3A a .'.. ' - . .‘ '-

Liffi-.’.", 'f' -L..l‘ ‘.' '.'K. {J 0.3... .e-J-L.[ J.-I.!}J. e‘a."‘....; I...) ~‘.".'Jv .‘- .4. .‘.-O.) ".‘. zg‘lsJ .. ‘.J-K :_:‘V'VI. 0“! r} .'I
..' O

. J- ,. .e .. .. r ..I' '. .. . ...x .... ". . .'.. ,2‘

"15-3. “2.5 “'2“ He. JchJ," ’...“..1 a 91.1. .it.’..' .931.) JILL; ; . (..'., ...: t..f.H‘ an

" ‘ "r". "v " :r'-:" 7.- "t".‘-‘=' '.'" - " x3 -" “'“En'r

‘ 'IJ... . _... 't.ssi..|1..JJ. In.) _.-; I- .J .‘....uug. (...‘. ‘..-3L-J. .I, ..’}.J. (..‘ ‘ .J ._J :..J......v. {1.3
U _, .-

. - N, -.‘.. ..‘-». -. . ‘ !‘ '-'“ ." "' '2‘... W . . " .._’..‘ ." ‘ ,. .. C
1-31.") .31.:HJ ¢¢a1.}.-..S.LJ-J.¢3_L 1.41“}..1. IIIJB “03131-0; ..UUJ. 314.! J.(..‘ 32,-:5Juk.

. in ---.T-‘ - .‘. ; r. -‘r . '.. :ve . .'. -‘wr "v- 10‘ rr.-a‘ 0 ,u. p. 1‘ .'.«.-. ‘-.‘. ‘.-
91...} .UJJ. has 3m .‘ #453497 .“3 '.'..L ”Hip“! .8 94.11 “gunman” .’.U 39:3!1.’ 1):..151:

v
I.

51x1! nu: 325.1(5 d J-U‘.’ :3 JUL?

1,}..:(';‘::J:'~r"’ {...} f'si'sgf ii “3
r C v .I ‘0 ti-.- -'----“ ‘- -‘.; fl
_ ..’ .,,,“ 7. ', r :" "“ 7* I‘f‘ '- ‘ -l*‘p_...,'. ~' ”‘ b «"1”: ' "l'rj‘a‘. v1 ._ 31‘.
~-‘o'-u.b4 J's-‘\ i‘-1.'\ -)IJJ AMA {...'qu ‘1‘) JuaiJijé N ‘fi‘J «Au. 4.)!“ 3'10-.-~-.~.

. ‘ : W t . » s \- e~ .. '- .-.-- ' '- - -;- \ .' e . ~V .' ..-
7310;}.‘Qé$.".:liifl.:‘.l..uli.‘. éJMLxJJ‘fiv’ leniency OJ .3143..'Zfi.xtta€e=. 3..-! JJ. ,B‘»..Ea

-' — - ‘ , ..’. . - :‘ . . -a -.'. .-. . e. a ,‘ v, . or} .~ .’.. c”- ”r
.. ‘-J-. ((ujia In. .LJLI‘I‘..4. :1; ‘.-....J'Jr‘g .’.}.war (1.5 ‘g/J. asfie. '.5:)“ LI 52.9. ..‘.: 2"": A-.'.i

.7" . ..’ .. -_- ti~ .--.¢-e e --‘ a - - 4 ' . -- . .._. ,.,. 4. ..‘. Y . .. . -'i'
l-l~.‘::.’f\’ L'JA.‘ 05-(4| l-0:' 32.3..(I . 53’ ‘3‘“ . :J": fidl‘ju :‘llctl. 1.; O)-~P out... o-‘I--":J.f:-I"!l -)1-ld.

' "I" . ’.l‘s .l" ,. '.\ o‘e‘ v .' I.‘ '- t e- .. . a. .‘rva ‘ a I ~-'
been-.2! J: 1.2.34.1; .:-. u ”534.386.: JLJ i [:94 , :31; 1.3 ._.:‘!J..J..‘~»\r'-L¥"}L3 B t1..;1.;u.'.=u.a

r e-‘- - . . . .- '-»-‘- .-u ‘... -. 5—“ rev '2' 9 c ... ':~ .4 .. .~ .~ .- » "-3-, . .‘ .!‘~ . ,‘
5::\A J l.:."§_: $1.54.»: .5. ‘I-‘ej L.) {-I ‘Ionvi ’.’-.5 $4.:o‘f: 1 :EL‘(-5 54>QI.-I"’ ‘J'L "3“:515-5 .‘.“ :.’1.3 ( (5 Q’s—i. ‘O

p s

.L:x;.'-i’.’:f;:.c_r:.3 ‘.'.”(3 au‘rmu: ’..‘a'IUmr 9m :‘i.n,ij:.'1:3'_;:;p:.,y {as}; as; r_:‘_;;-;n‘;-;n:‘:3':

e .

» . . _'.‘- ”s .'.: '0 t‘.‘ .._ . F. " " - I ' - .""-.>" .'r- 0. --. . .‘ " ‘ ‘
".2,,.£)|J.v’- 51(‘49250'.J(.5;30‘N 1"“; a?“ ’nt‘. Ji-‘- -' i=5”(|.:l...‘.‘-‘ {IJJJ ‘JiUSQ; ko‘lle' ‘JJ.

.'. I .~. g- . - ,~ . - .. ,
—. 'v u‘-' ..' 'y- vs I {‘1 e '.'. ..‘. 1’ .> a . 4- ' * v- \ . ,- -v' " I . ~ . -. ‘.', - o E.
-E I r ’- . Que-J c U elm 'kfi. ‘1 5.! \I ‘ .5. .‘F 5.. e 914‘); «‘5 .7- 15‘-; ..v. r.’ is»: dos) '.' ‘.'.L .'- L! {..‘-‘15 at U
' ...’ , e I: ,_ . , '.-
‘ 1 . ..‘.. . : ..'. ,‘ , ‘ ‘ . ‘.‘ e .- . . n 01-“ -< '.. ‘- , . .—a I L. 9' .Q .‘ ...‘. .‘..
“.I-' ..“‘.;£'3 '.'-J. J —3- $..‘JU- .‘-‘- ‘ -J-'.-11J1-’.“.selal.::; i. £14)J9s«',5‘10§’!5':‘ V :de ‘qr. ‘ .'. l 3‘
or». -1‘”--Ca- .-'-- 0.. U .A-.---. - ...-..~ 0» ~'..- .- -'W
.7 .3 .1 = . i - to '1 -. ..t- '..,n‘ .:.. ...‘ ....‘I_ _r; ’... ._ .‘__,_ r‘ ’.‘ ’.‘. ' ’.v:
4-- "0‘:- \J g ‘..‘13 \UL.‘ I;(‘--ur ’1“ 0.! ‘JC‘Jfi'rJ'q-JL‘(J .* -':\ t I J"":J-.:‘I 33‘3— (:3.’.‘.I-

88

Omission has pointed out, these standards have been satis-

factory in the past.

The parks now being discussed are for the future,

so it would be preferable to establish a goal of 15
acres of regional park and recreational land per 1,000
population, in view of the continuing increase in
leisure time, in growing accessibility to outlying
parks, and in the eXpansion of built-up land. ~

Chippewa Lake area should be able to provide recreation land
for approximately 400,00 people using the above formula
(6,000 acres of usable land). The population of Sawyer
County is 9,475 people, there, it must be evident that an

area this large must be planned for the use of people seeking

new areas and who will be able to travel a distance. However,

it is my personal feeling that a portion of this land he set

aside and preserved as a natural environment, untouched by man

and his forces.

Since it is the intent of this study to suggest a develop-
mental progrm for certain portions of the Lake, a criteria

for the selection of those areas must be established.

Contrast and variety are the most widely valued
perceptual attributes of environmental patterns.
Contrasts in high points and between land and water
features, and variety in slopes and ridges are among
the scenic resources which enhance the setting for

 

7Southeastern Pennsylvania Regional Planning Commission;
1956; A Regional Recreation Policy 5351 Program; pp. ll-lZ.

       

 

 

. r
’ I " ‘I I ' ' ‘ I. '," l v a ' ~ J 1' v
‘.‘-s.‘ s sa‘l “ " (5 ‘ ‘ 4’ I) ‘p —s ‘.‘ :J" u. '.. '5. ‘ J c ..l-LJIJ ..' .au5 1).. 1'r' .1 .‘.4!‘ {...‘ ‘2; ‘~. 5 ‘J
—$-. -. -—3 .. .. .’., '
o . it“ Hi“: (-.‘.. VA! ..- 'u
.a -
. . . _‘ -. at ‘ .,‘ . 'r‘ .‘ _ . . ‘... __ I. [..‘-u 4
(.1 ...-1.3-... .‘. :’1..J .. E... ’ . a) I .. '.‘..Irl‘s ita'. A \...J.:..~L-‘ "( .. t .'h'- & ‘ ...'-v 1.
s v . . . s ' - - .- -' ~ :r‘.~* ,v. , C I , a. a , 1 .. . '_
'.- ’. — (J .. ..L'. al .- -.’ .‘.‘ ' \2'3" ’ ’.v.\' .-.| .4... ’-‘ ' I U "_‘ 'It. . . .1. ~ .
... a, I. ~. ., L. . .a ' 5 ' - -' g ,' '.‘ on 'I ~ r. . ‘ ,. : fi‘ 9. .- ‘. a. - ‘ ,., up... .
'1' ,‘:{_‘ ...‘-.1 L‘l...'--. .' " h"- - - s ".s -i'.~'l -.-...H‘ .-..: .‘i-‘.' ”47-. ...L ‘.. ...'}-
, e . '- n g Q , a
‘ I ' .'- ~ l, . ' . _ -' .'. . "" ‘ r. t -»_, ', a ~ - ." 'u - -
3.1.3. :r'ef.'v..’.-T.-'JH.'-. ,' Rs: 51. ~ ~ ..-~ '. '.’ .‘.ks '...-~. 1! an! .210-.u.u_’. U21).
a. ' {_.. ‘ ‘ . ' . ' J. .. | . I... n‘: 4" - .s‘ ..’-; ':\i
I -.- ' t J:(‘ l. ‘1 ‘.‘. ‘ g ‘ — ‘.I ’1'“ -' I' r 1 . ‘. .. -‘ ‘... a '.' ..‘.-J 51-. a’$s-; nu
‘ “ ‘-
~ .. I . . ' . . ._ . .. J4 . g
. I’II’J“ * j-'—§‘ G’U". '.'.z- a ‘J ‘I("-le.-I‘J':‘ ‘. .'0' -‘-"a-‘ ‘.‘-L .v ‘-—f’ ‘ ’..ldog‘ .-‘
. t ' s a
. .. - . . . g - r .. s 3 -. I h. ,l‘ ..
'.': “'-'- :‘CI..-;.o--u - v- .3. }..‘_~, a ’- s_: 5'56 (..’-0.!!!f' '.IL‘ {’..-"‘.' \‘o r.‘ 5 --c ass. \Ja v'L ‘.' ’ l.
g l
'0
E w . . ‘ .l u ' '. J. " ’ - 'l 1‘ ’ .° ' 'v\'. B‘ I 0’ * " ’a '
5 .'-;"£' .n‘as on. '. $‘(1' fl -a‘ m5 h !-5u.f-IJ 5" .( ..‘)(' “"J t“ .'l ." -'--rd ’.'. av . ‘.‘ a 'l‘ uln‘}.
i .4 - ~ -
E II
g . ‘ _ . n
It ' - '. ‘s 1'" r- ' ‘ ... .-, L" r ‘- -: - .- .._ _.. ). '.. .
s- .' {:1'u oul‘ if! a d i ..'.-‘4' (I 5 u 5 ' -- . R I.£‘{J.l‘ “’-'.i 5'1'.'JJ -n‘s.‘ ‘Iu.’ - ~‘ I: u. ‘1 V { If”
' a ‘ .J', ."- I . 1, is. .o a g' ' u . ~ I (a l . r '0 ‘ _ ' ~ . ’ a a 'I.‘--~ , .
Ali-'1 .'i-n‘fs; -JJd-. s ..u v"; -."‘~ J‘."’!l’ u‘J- ts.) 3.4.3.1.} ‘ .'..L‘ ‘.‘v’\' <- \‘v ‘.' 1 c: AJIJI'IM‘
o b
. ."_ ,. , V. ‘ . - r. ". ' ' .' a . . ‘. .I .‘.!- .. _r_ ‘ . . '..,.l' ,. .‘{_, "V, ‘
I "‘.‘.-s' .1 K: -..=‘.:.'- ‘L g -‘.5.) :3 "a 1.5 ~1’3‘u—5 ~Lu‘-'-'- ~’~«‘3-"fi’:'i‘f ..‘..“ .- li-‘JQS‘ L2» . on'). {‘-.-.1" ‘.’-4' -"TJ
I ‘. . ‘ a

iii-.9 (-1.:. ...-M3 .93....tas ...:I

, , o- o . . s a. ' o ,, a
K -v - a a s I " 1‘ °- . ‘ . ‘ r. , ...‘ I 0, ,. ' '
. . _‘ , ..'. - {..‘} .;,‘.:.J _ I..- . «I, -1 _-.. -. .‘.. J at“! haul)...» .... ,Lnfw ' _-',£ -!- .4, 53.
' -' o v ~ so -- i- re 0" ~~.'- a -a- ' '- t . . , . , s _ J. — 1 ' '
' ‘ . . . , t. , ._V ‘.. u ‘ _ .a. 1 o‘c-
1 ’2 . V 1‘ - ..-. :4 5.‘aJ11’} c -u- a. i1":.&.‘.‘~f ..'..t ....-.l.-.;..ol. I; ...... L-.. a -.. x. . -.'... LIME. .ch-‘
‘ C
o -' - a
a) .‘“ I' -..' *
l . ‘...-v.4 .'. ..‘. {...' is L [‘.. A
.~ . ...‘ .. ...‘..- "... ' ’a. a v. ' O ° - .
. ‘ . - ‘ "' ‘s z I ‘ . ‘ " V " 'J "' ‘, - ' ' ‘ ' '1. ‘3 a .~ r-, .
~. I -'_..... .752!) .‘.-1‘ u. (s- '1..‘ ..’.“ ‘.'e.‘ ~"""J “ ‘“—h"’JJ “.‘.. fll*.‘\;".:s 1,! SI»? '.'E- c} .J- .'V'i‘ol' -

, _ ..’” , ‘. ', . :.'..- ...‘ ‘ uh...
'I ‘_~ _ ' .,l’ f; (._v‘;;'.‘3 .‘3‘..-J u‘k' dr'u'cvlfiJ‘f (13-53” -31)"-

an.
O
L.
"f
a
I
..‘
:-1
.1
I.
O
1
L.
(a.

. v- x ' , 1 a a. . v
. AV ,. . , . I: I I‘ s_ Juls_‘If 1f. » o, .. O -‘ ’.. - fi.‘ . a ‘._ .‘ -5 .‘. ,-n
o 1 w-..'.(. ’...t. ’ «'5 -"°""-- t':-’-~ 45* ~3vst-‘1‘J ..3'). s.-(3."..4..-J..'a..zib Jul-'4 ...Ll-’
. < ' . s «
.. ..-‘- ..,. ' e .'. ’ '.’.l ‘." .“ "3"“ I “'Y '.I'V‘. "f-v ' .‘. ~ A ‘...... . '
2.. f)-.. a") Rat-non.» .: JhC-J ...'d-J -..‘;s ~.1-."~‘...-. ,7; :....‘.!-,‘s .BfisysAJiJlUu'
_ ‘_ _.. . .‘ ‘ v . . _ .
. . - ‘ '~" "I . s "‘ "'l‘ r ' " -'" 7' "It ' ' .a ' P “ " ' ‘ ‘ 3" I." - '. .~., .
..g:.‘._' .'..'..-¢‘_-a3,_.' ..'. 21.1); ’.' '1.-(1¢'..A.JAJ».‘ -.(J a-.'.'!s‘!_'_,l,_a-.5 _~'1.3)';5'~__‘<:_;"_ ..‘,“
‘ ' . .‘ .. . ' v ' a ‘1 9 . . :
... ..- , . . f. ,. - - . ‘ »‘=_- , "' .- g "' .' s 2 .' ,> -' . a r. 5 cf...‘ ‘ ....-;._ ‘ V - _
(._,-gr; .. a .. 1‘1 ' 115?... ‘.' .'..) .d {(5 ~~-a..!.a ILA-Jun. 3‘. l . ......5 1...: -..-t ('.i’a ”JCCI. '
- r . . f , v I . - . - ..
..' . . . . I. I. .. '. ... ," . ‘ , ,. .’ . — - ‘.'-“ ‘ . I . " .. ' .K‘ _v. ‘-
n .‘ 1'. 's ..z'.i.'s’ 0,: ..‘.:‘..J LJL'E.‘ ‘.r ‘I—n‘J ‘JJ‘. has '..-bt'y‘r 3.95:2? ‘ 8.1.: «'....llu; g;:)-
7 . .- a r .
a ‘ ‘ . ~ . . . a
~- 0. ‘ '_ ‘5’ . " g i ." .~‘.I‘ l‘. O l.f‘. ”-Q '.'" "* “‘ a: ‘1' .‘. l- . .,- . - .~
'..-W7... . 'L...-.' ..o .'m': 1&le J-‘i 41-1..) 5 «1-..: ’15 ‘.‘-3v -...ststh‘ Jae-‘51:. In; ..‘ w‘
-.‘.o’- NU-~.~--.~.---- -.'- .. .w...‘“"
'9‘
- t ‘ a r ‘ .~ 'I ' \
U n g - . . . ¢ s .. y .-- , ,» . - -..- .'. .
.7 .. '. I . ’.. l’.‘ .. . s ‘, ~ 'I . .I'L I I .‘ . ‘ . v.‘.,‘_
;._l..‘_ ,‘ La-‘—‘ - I ‘ u . ea“.J—£.l.).}. do _.LV 1&1 . ‘-. r- r4 -- I -‘e -z~l_-lc" « b. ' oa- s' 'w a f ‘52- ‘~4“ 'p ,(_j .
a.
. n . . .- . rf' - , —- . - -’ .. - ' . : " '
. ' ?4 “.7. 5!. .I: .I .. z. 5'. 'l- I '3 J ' h - ‘ ' \' ‘ ‘n‘. ‘ ’ 5“. q s ‘ ..I' '.' (I (-‘ ~' ' ' . .1. . ,s' 9, » -1.
' '- . '.‘ a . .\_-- .— ..' . -..'”. -.. o - -— .-o o c‘ - ...-...‘ . . --.... .‘. n. o a @a'. -.. 0-. ‘

 

 

89

recreation.8

Southeastern Pennsylvania used the following to facilitate
their selection:

1. A site should possess conspicuous scenic value typical
of the region and adequate recreation resources. Be-
cause of their greater social value, unusual recrea-
tion resources may compensate for the absence of out-
standing scenic beauty.

2. A site should be characterized by scenic and recrea-
tional resources of kinds which are unlikely to be
preserved and developed for the enjoyment by the
public of this and future generations under private
ownership, and which are sufficiently distinctive to
attract and interest the people of the region.

3. Sites should be sufficient in number, extent, and
variety of character to meet the present and future
denands of the people and which are not ordinarily
supplied.

4. Sites should be so distributed geographically as to

serve the people of the region adequately and with a
minimum.of required travel time.

5. A site, if at all possible, should provide a water
feature fgr scenic value and for a recreation
resource.

These criteria are very general in order that no potential

site be overlooked in the investigation of areas for

 

anaryland-National Capital Park and Planning Commission;
"Preliminary Master Plan for Rock Creek Planning"; September
1966; Silver Spring and Riverdale, Maryland; p. 76.

9Southeastern Penn. Regional Planning Commission; 1956;
A Regional Recreation Policy 393 Program; pp. 13-15.

 

 

 

 

O
K. ' _- ,_ .
.: (.'v'e.‘ . . J. . I u
. ,, ,‘ 5.- ' . -' 1 ; . . ' ' ~, . -‘. - . - ~ -- -- . . . .5 - .
.. -.. 1.: . .'.... "‘.-.. ‘.....“ . ..4.. '. - .J-(,..J. ‘ ‘ '..: .. ‘..?- ’.... ) ’.-l.. ‘ c Ll: ’.. l.‘ -. .‘. .-. .r ' ..‘.! '_' -
n
. ‘ '
‘ '.~' H '- I: z '
0 Air- v‘ , ‘01 - ‘f .’..5 -"0~O
' . ‘.' A ' I . l l ‘.‘ ‘ -. y ‘ u - . ,u, v "I ’ : - V ' , . u '. '-
..; .._fi" ’.1 only... .I‘.’ ‘1’... . ... -, °.-"L 1’. . o £Ae..‘.’~ fi ‘1: ‘5.‘ i ' ' ..J-lk‘l '.a -—'~‘o‘.‘-e 0‘ . i
s
I.. .,,... _ '--.,._. v~ .- '.. ..‘. : ... '.‘ "
n. "- .0 ,I...’a\' - J .K 1‘1....:.;..'. .-.. '~ A" - ' ”.0 Ja 4w 1 (£1, -3. .il‘ut ...LJ
a p n ‘ r f - I ’- ‘.... . w, . .- P‘ ... I o , ‘. ‘- ' .'. ‘ 1
- ' _'_. ‘ .' .'. ._,- ..‘ogl in}, . ‘i'.’. D‘: __ ' ‘, :“JIQ a‘ 4" I ' -~. I _‘--’ . ’ ‘ua. . \J cu L «- I )
. . . ‘ . _ . ‘.‘ n. s a‘ I o v. I . I I' .. ‘ I... . . o. g. ." . .‘. -_- . , v -'.
.‘.‘I\ o." 351:-‘J<a{‘ll’l :e’A£§> ..‘)-h I_’; -.""e v' k.~’ ‘~". - ‘.‘.“ 4a;"(‘°~:-‘h .‘.l - D’
' 0"! I a _ l0, " .I.
. '.. " "~: .‘...tul . -- .‘ V.” .. "e;aa;.J—‘ ‘.u
. e v s . . I l a I' .'I : I a _J I It
, n o '1‘ I ..I = . . _ . -, - . .' I ,.'.' I .~ g -I '. ." I . ... x . I
’f'A.--. .- ‘.. Asa. ‘ 'a".“' '-‘\.‘t 1" " _,.. -‘.--~a" I...‘.'--.: 01" « -56" late ...'~'.~: f. -- ....
’ - . w. . ! u . a . I 3 . ‘.’ '- ‘ I ,I. I - a. '00 - :9. ‘ .‘. .
a": ’ .- -'.. 4...: -'-:‘ l x - 3" ‘.‘-~1‘- .. 7 ‘.‘ ‘-.4'4 7 1L, ..-~‘ .' J.’-!(-' (H .1. .s '.'A. ‘...—I
~
. " .'a ' '5- ‘ ’l -.- ,. v. ,, r.- a. - ‘I -‘ i a "a. .' e. ‘n\ I. -" n on ,
.'.U...: ‘. $1.1); ', .,~ .... “1...: at.-. L ..c (1."..1‘. ..':2 gun .'-‘. ‘1 -Lx-d .'.»)
u . .
. . K 1 I 0 c
‘. o .' 0.0 I ' r. 0 'n ‘- a I In D I '
J, “| J p '1‘ a. ' o (‘r \ Iti’l‘u‘ u. ' o .l< D. ‘ - 7 -~!‘ 1"... £11 ‘I . ‘40: ‘5.) o . ' “ .‘.CI.}‘ ‘1
f .r. ’. I "In . " 1. - 1‘." V '0'."' ."v. -r'a‘ ~.-‘ - v.4 "~'Il‘e - '5". f... -
..'-vi -."J - ... --‘-1vl. ‘4‘; L! .'.:e.,"'. .'.-I.- a‘.— r-tka ’.'...I ...A~I.~. .‘.”. ‘..‘kL-I . ._ .20 .‘.. I: .“
-
" - ‘ .1. ' ‘ -‘ ..‘ -
" (‘.'. 'r.‘ ' “ -.. "’ v . ' .'. ‘ . " I '
.3 ( e-". ' I" ‘o~'I J 0'13 51“; it." ". ‘ ‘5‘ OJ ‘.ak‘v ".‘.’ ... l' “ ‘FI .ke-Jd ."I
' . . ' ' . ‘ . ‘ - . , ' - - . - I w .
. e .-.- '(II... n —' I; ,_ I '-r a. f, ‘ . ' ' .: ..' I ~v f I . 1“. Ix , n
). ‘.'t'l ( ul a -~a.‘/.t ‘ .‘.. A ‘d J'l ‘ sat-N we‘l-ngnu...’ -’- - ’.‘... “J (. .’..- ...‘ ul-‘sl \l- ‘.‘-’.' ‘ . ‘v
: ‘—|. o E. “‘.‘j r} '.‘. "‘57 e ' '. . u' ‘t-" f,“ . I', 01' On—II. -'.3 .fi's"... .'..I "t I. ‘Io.,I-.II ..'.-f.‘
a. -I‘\-'h‘sl ' {‘...}, .v ‘5'! “-.., .e . .._-.a‘J so “JO-3. ‘.'. 4'ng I_'A‘Jnt-D w-.‘ ‘.J-.‘,“ ..‘."..J
‘.. - ' ‘;- v- - ' '.." . r .“ " .‘ 1‘ ' . l .' - H, N n» ;~ r -I .. 1" I-I - a_ ‘ '.‘ ..‘.
"4.; ...;;i.. H-.L; ..l‘na {in}; ,...)-..‘...‘t ... .‘.:J ...' .‘.-(nag. .11....1 ._(J “L'rJIn-LJL
‘ . . .-y r“
g I.1 -‘. J.‘ l .'J ‘3’.
. n‘
. . r O. ' I ,1 " .I w ' O , ' ‘.' O h .- , e . -
, >~ ~I .'. .\ . “ . . - e ,' i I v'. - ‘ _ _ ' i" I \ 'W 'L’ \ . . ‘1, -, v aIe P H “
(...) I,.,J ~-’._s.\.!..)- lAt $0.; \MJI. -.-.’-.'.‘»".J.‘. -...30..- 1; K!“ '."I .‘._i.._.'J{,‘J.“‘. (t ’J,’ ,. .-3
H ‘ ... I
h. ..' '. . I I I" '. : ‘I"‘t.',-I ‘ I. o- v - . 0-9- ' . m’I ,I - . I .' V'y I I w
:J ‘ ..‘-- .i s ‘lln’ ‘( -o-~l-J all", “J --- r, i“-"-.I I J I. ‘ ...' .1 ""- -»‘-I-I‘ ‘..:~.":l a; ‘..!“ :.I‘ V J moi '.'-
_'. "-I ‘ "'. ' «I C h "- a4 " '_ , . .. ;'
.mn. ,. \' .’. .— J 0.... 3 L. . r.--..'.«' '.z .. .. u EMT -' :1..le
‘ 4.
qr . . p 5 a I I r. - \, . .
- . -. _ - {:3 .'TI' - , ~‘ . .. 4 . _- . -- n; . .- . . ‘I A
_.. I». . I .l l I - ’.'-'.'. V (’ to‘ '1 .LSJ'., ‘ Q ’.’-\J—o ‘.' tit'!(. ...'. ...' 4 Ir." all, ..I ' ‘JJA— {'- u . L
.a
. g ; w .
. . p .'I a. . - 1 H," a .. _', 4:. .'I. .‘. ' r I. . .. ‘. ..' ... - I.. .- . -: '. . .
a I - .'I'.. .9 . ‘..] ..‘ ~)-.‘ J- :J .‘. (s 0' .' d u I b ‘ 44 a]. l ‘ V, J.:. ijr: ..‘ t. .'. .' -‘. -,’ ..I’g .‘.:L‘ J.

.

. .‘a— ,'
li}‘~‘..’.f‘C(n.,r .d

_ _..—..n_

.. l

‘ “ - I > a' ' "‘ ‘0 ' I ‘ .7 ' " ' ' ' l' ' - ‘ ‘ u ‘¢ - v o- . a- r t . « .n' a. . ,
- .-.-..‘.ilfi:..‘(.."?~ ‘.'U .a'sé 2 $413.“; “.‘. .‘....‘J'alfll', 3.3+ ' ..v'. '-' ‘ " :3 ' :ia'-'..‘a':-'
I - _ g) \. . J to... .. “..‘.! e . A A

. O ,- I D " I -
' ‘." "2'.. "_Io ‘\ (’.'. -' - -. - -.,..- '. - . . 3 ‘. . . '. I. . , . .
..I‘,'II "a: .. ' n“-. J (' ‘...... ~-""s_‘_,—‘ ‘.' '..-J Ufa A. Lt]: 5’: .‘. EJ. ‘JJ(§\}.L .Jo-FVJU (‘2: L. '

‘.‘ .
I -- .‘. {C

 

‘-‘—Io. ain‘t-w... ...-.'. 00“- --1~o.- .....-- OI--
. v _ I ' '.. . a V .._ .> ' 'u ' _. I r. f. ; t , 3' . 3 :0 j'ofi’ i ,. .: '0 .. ..' ; ... ""- .' '-- -9 c‘ - - ' a ‘ 5“".va - .
Q ""’ ' "'4 -'-"‘"’ “' "" '.‘". '4» J- O. .\ .- . ‘..: «t .. -" .‘. l'!.l . ' ' [L '.a' ..’. ..a34‘1.. J ..Ii'.» ‘..!» ‘.i-. .‘-. :J. _.
. . ', "F v . " ‘ ' . .. ’ "
‘ ‘- .M ' . ' ’ 7‘ ‘ ". ‘.'. . _‘ l ‘ |"0‘ 0’. ~.-" . v , .~.- -3 .5 a .. . ‘ A .' '." ‘
-' 1‘“ '3‘” ‘ t -.‘ " "“5““ -‘ "W-“r -"\' “...-U... in-.. .134. J.;.3..'.<..’r.-.~; -- . "Carnal; J...".1.’ .. ~
O
-. -: e'}.-\p . ”I. ..‘“ - ;".‘ ... ._ ‘.. ' .. _ ‘.',d .' ‘ . h -. ‘I . . :
i ' . . . _. n . _ . . - _ ., . '..
. J \ ..‘, " 1‘ I'" 5""" l ("'O- ‘3 .... I- ’ . c l'-.- .I‘lJJ. .‘.‘--.4 4.1.1 “..’.-.'. ‘4 ’L".-J.
‘ 4- (
. I‘ . a ' .. I~ _ , I . l I .
a. . I I- -: '.': ' r .....I .. .-. -. T I .‘ I , . ~ - (_ . I . _ . , _‘ "'. I .'.{. - - . _-
‘5 (... ‘..—.- Q‘.‘r...sai.u. -.~'-".-\-‘ ‘HI:V!.£J.‘A}'.J. ,, _'.,l_-.:._. 'I‘W.’ _ .‘.],l . ;1__‘_.’..: v'.a”...'l.'--fr\.-~i.
J . .. . -
-I' f -, : ‘.‘v'. 0 I: '.'I I. ‘.-.“ I_.', '.. "."- '. £ '1'! -_ £ , ? ",' ' _ '. DO . . : I~ . I a. .’ I
."““ ‘.....5. O : , (" “‘-- - ~ . ...6_-.3 ‘ \‘A-.\‘ .1.“..~-.' .‘.'...‘..' -- ,I,1((I'_. ~ . ~
. - .— .'- th-r- ‘0. 00....- a m-o ..‘-n n. - - .. ..‘. '... _..fi."-‘ A....-.....J‘-‘w-.o "'

 

 

90

recreation use.

A more detailed and specific outline has been set up by the

Cumberland County Planning Board of Bridgeton County, New Jersey.

This criteria was proposed for evaluation of watershed im-

poundments.
1. Need
2. Topography and soil
3. Financing of land acquisition
4. Highway access on existing highway systan
5. Ease of land assembledge
6. Size of area for parks and possibility of future
expansion
7. Relation to population centers of the area to be
served
8. Availability of water for recreation use
9. Scenic attraction of the site
10. General character of the surrounding area
11. Compatibility of park use with municipal plans.10

To determine what the public demands for recreation, it is

necessary to investigate various studies which have been done

concerning what people do with their leisure time. The follow-

ing information was made available by the Bureau of Outdoor

Recreation Survey:

Since 1960, walking for pleasure has increased in
pOpularity faster than any other major outdoor recreation
activity....Walking will be our third most popular
activity in both 1980 and 2000.

Swimming is becoming so popular, that it will be our
~number one outdoor recreation activity in 1980 and

 

10Cumberland County Planning Board; Cumberland County,
New Jersey; Published 1966; p. 72.

 

 

-'..

 

 

 

 

 

4'.
.‘ —‘ u, :- . '. el . ' - '.’, .:..-.'.r ..' ‘ ..-';. . ... .,,; .'.
,) ..-‘ .‘.": \. LJ ...). 'Q‘. 335;”! k‘ t. :O-\ -.;1.i_-..'..J~~l() ~v‘....- —\-~‘-
.‘. w v‘ , “'.~'-' ‘ " ..': , ".._,V "r ._ ‘
\' J"; ..‘.-'1! lre.~-.s.'. ( I—ZLAE .L’kl li‘JMQ.J,;‘-“L-‘O"J‘ 017‘s " #:5“- ". ‘...
- I y ,. ~ -' .t.,' - ~.:--'-.-y'r.~\l .“ P-_- ' L .-
' _C. ’.W .' ...“ _.~’ ~- ~ 0 ‘ .. (} {’.‘ '.'. 5.: nj< v -‘. I". ....) n ‘0: pk ’.‘“) h
...».k'u
ucs-’.‘ll‘.3.'...‘-.."Iirf."" m ."
s
3:13.; v. i“ ‘Lf'. “131.1: “I. -..' ...‘.J...-.:I ”L
: '.- ', . I a.
Lau- .::;,LlJ;..J¢’...-.
, g.-'.-".|-_ -‘. ,,q.' ‘ I“: “f... u .-. '..r- s y . o r. -~: .‘
:,' wad-...' --.. ..‘) ‘63..»4...’-l.‘.uu".t.if 1. mi.- u-..:.B*-.' AC
.~ g. .... _ '-. t , .- p . .._V.:--.r ,.
,z‘.‘ ‘-'-5‘ $1332.?» f)é..é .‘ (i 6A-).J {$.99 IIOAJ:.’..IJK_3
'1 r' ' ..‘ '.. I... .\ .'.“. Q ..< L}. . ..- -‘. :‘ '
:JUU :u .... -13.; J .£ in... 4.1.. ....y ..
- -9, . .— _ ,3- ...I , , :.
1.3-1 ...‘: «)1;J {-0 IAU—e
(‘3‘ of 4‘ . .. 1t" V «oh'issr; (j. ’.'-,5 - ' a.-,._-)
.....- ..h “ii. -HLU..-.-. Jt. in...) ....C. J. .'..I
“..‘ , ‘ . , ..
‘I .7. I“ a. 0' :1 “1 o‘ r "j ‘ "’ V ! '.- '.T‘l ’f D '
’ .uufiiu is ¢J¢UUM noim on” hi»; JC
I, : .. . . .f- " .-. a 'r‘ .-;- o- .I“ .e V -- .~ - . ' I. h | V
{.'.}. .. .,-. (11£,~-5..5...-) .'.Jrr .'. ..‘....2 03131,! '1) I.) ..L. -‘. (:3;
. ' Y |‘ ' 7f. . I ' _.* O .
a‘ u. .' I " " I. -" _ . ‘.' I' \ . t n», .\ _— ~ , v ,
.‘i'i....~‘ : ~I<J ~" J‘in {IoJ-I-‘|‘~II du.’.i."_'-‘J.fié “II-[‘Jd-‘nv 0‘:
CI. " r “ -\ .'2' " . : -g ' “’1" "‘ :‘-\ .'. 9.. . .a~' -.' . ' “ .'
1“ ‘...-(J: J- u . " r "-""‘e'--"IL ‘- “’.‘u’ ‘ v’J-av' O\)

.- y-

.’ ." '1 I. p. w s. - (..‘ ,' J " ‘.' Y " .'."? s - - a ‘
'.‘7(. L .‘.“ J J. I ..'; (I ‘JéJH’ J.£o“.! 1). 'J "LU U as. ‘7»; .'.?J. J. 93“; F) ...’

v I ‘ . ' .‘.. ._ ‘ . I. ... ’.. . I. . ‘- -. ', ... p. In. I’ r . .‘c ‘- a
34.1 . s... 9.1.! J.:.JI.\.’. «$01.. :5" .‘.14‘1~-'-'0--’-’-\J! 4""; C)
,. c _ . 1 . “ -._. , _ .fl, ‘ _ ..‘. 1'. . . .~ . . ‘ _.- ' ,_ .-_
LJL'.'~..-’fn..’..:):i -1 ALA-mania .‘.O ;‘ 3!.- ...'-1.4.4 '.‘..-15 [AL-$3.1
. g '- - O

.‘ \ i ‘ . , .- , ‘. .- -.s __. _
”Milk 1 '- :l, _:- (gm: 1.63-v'5‘.‘ ...-'10 .’U

a ‘ r A
.I J. .v. ‘4 ' -:

neis. ". . ’ ~
. \fl. \x). [-1153 '.-‘u

' '- '. '.1- .:,. .-' '-.".“.‘,. a. '.
.LSJU 5,.1; Jul}. ...' J... .J LHJ ' .'.:'..:I.~'.J‘.e(: ; ‘..‘i "I“

i
'. on III ‘ "' - .'.-'7 " - -'s ' - . - -s . .V-‘I‘V ' 1'
UL u \n‘ \. .'.. I... ‘2.) -..V- .. Li?! “0&4 hi! .4“? ..

u f * I' '~ ' s' a t
_... _»~ 3. , ON , I‘~' ~av‘. I ' ‘P s I", - . -' . f, :
"Ljubtnr “(1.1-.. ..st(::31.!..} z'. ....LH. ..’.“...Uhn... ..‘ V:
...‘. . -' ‘.‘;
. .

.. 's
.54“ .'.f ¢JL "a

. ‘1», '.'“H , , f.
l‘..‘.d::|l.' L. J 'I‘J t.:’1l"-.r S {-1 6‘ ..

. -.~ - r '. .“ r 3...... - ,_
U ‘CJ ..‘2 .‘. J. (i .‘.).L .x. I t V 3‘. ¢ \2

' 's :fl‘ . 1- f. - '.'; ‘ ~ ‘s O . . I" ~
I if)!” .41.}. (2.1.1.: ".”v-'~ u -..';JL ~-~*

J noijmjlguu

6
l
s.
I :
'9‘

i . .' . 7 ' .— . ., _‘
J41. L.~£.‘.:‘.- ..>:a.L.i:3.J::D on“; .-.

.l

-I
U

9.,

‘ . a .

UK." 0 .L} ¢ 31.} (5.1. ..-'.I’s d .1. '.'; 1) a‘. -: I x 4'5
4 a

g 3 ;’ n. H: .1." ”LIV. (f

:x r
‘.'..‘lll'i'x ..L
l r . s I. 4 ‘.‘.

UMP, ‘;1.:116....;,o :UJ. ..‘.2.
‘ "‘> .. '.'.\'u." ,
..’. .'r.‘J V‘s-k -.(l-!T—al|,=. '1 .‘.
'.‘An"' I‘ \"‘.-‘4‘|.1;’3 ‘
‘. .‘..H.,..I".I 1“) fv‘.‘-’...‘s. .+

ssihni 30:M;ui .L
l 3318 i0 nxifi .9
r1«1_i:;r;:;(;::;;
mg 03 neijmi~d .Y

I. ....
Um\.’..:'-E!

.\ .-.... .1 ... l f._ .‘5‘ ..,l'
J.){1-:Jw£" .3..I4-.':-i. . k

. . ~5- ' I e-.-- . "- .'. ‘
:.-3::-._..:-J 4.34.311“; ...‘].

'rt"- r
.

{Jiigu;33§VUJ 0A

- - a: ' -.- "”'"“"v"r h:
(1’ £333.! - 3n 1:.“ :31.:.-.(>...;-:.3.-;1.' Q;

‘. - . .. , . -) ab.-
32:;,;.. {..'-.2114. Lu 114-.-

Va:

1!
r9
r.
5.
J
E

simoau noun gngnununou
33m asv n03*3uuoiufl Tfi;

l..

i "i... V1.71.) ..' 1.0.x. J 3:11:504‘1':

njniav ,GULI goulfi
'-'- -‘ ' 1‘:' 'v‘“‘ ’1"- :—

4:9.) ...-... 1.9.x -«.fi.-.IJ"5(‘-Q’

. -;.-'i' ..z: .,.--.2 '..,.,,

aJ.‘...4J.!.s-.'.... "LJ .'l..J-iols

" .--. -' .-- .

".11.; noon “J. ‘1JJ.V.‘..JJ"J

-:- :-I“:anj’ act. ‘4‘,Ia.j..-ll. 1;. IO'LI
40;. (Sun m) ’.':e m. m1

o~0~ .- . -. ..- ....“ mgr cream-...’"

~'- '- , “ ,‘ ‘ '.-. . . ."il‘ -
-JIJI'UH‘ (."uh_!..., '..,” II»! J

91

will hold that spot in 2000.11
While swimming and walking are pOpular and will continue

to be so, it should also be noted that other summertime

activities will be increasing at rapid rates. Table XIV

illustrates which activities will grow the fastest between

now and 2000. It is also necessary to know what percent of

the population participates in these activities. This can

be found in Table XV.

The current interest in the United States in physical fitness

and vigor has taken many forms. The area most publicized

by the popular press has been that of hiking. The hiking

and jogging crase is mentioned often in many daily newspapers

and popular magazines. Life magazine provided some information

regarding the healthful benefits of walking:

Walking is the easiest...You don't need a lot of
apparatus. Just shoe leather and good feet. It is
better than using the arms, with their smaller muscles.
Leg muscles are the biggest in the body. You get most
out of walking by going along briskly, swinging the arms
and breathing deeply. It also helps promote the
circulation of blood to the brain. The Greek
philosOphers promenaded as they philosogwhized.12

 

11"Outdoor Recreation Trends"; Bureau of Outdoor Recreation;
Department of Interior; U.S.Government Printing Office, Washing-

ton D.C.,April 1967.

12Robert Wallace; "The 50-1411. Walk"; Lif____e_; Vol. 54, No. 8/
Fabmry 22,1963. Pa 820

 

I: 7 T
a
7
-. 'I'l “ .- ' ’ a. —‘ g " 7v! . I ' Q
’ -. .‘ I). ‘.l- ‘ ’ 5' a
...ls...... .- ..a‘ .‘.. .tt'— .4 d--.'.- -L ..---. .
I O .— D I D 5
_ v u( «1‘ ' a " '4 . ‘ ‘, (I 9 ' . I. ' t «‘4. I
.. ....zw -.--- -1..- l. .3». .u. 1.1”. .._h- .. t. ‘
I _ . I ' I . '
.-. . _ - , - ,. . . ' 3 ‘ ' . '."
.'. - .‘4. I a —‘Q -a a ~- s ~’ 0 ‘-“.1!l- ‘1 ‘,~l-.:’ ‘ .'. “ ‘.'-4 II. (L'J )ut ‘..;

‘ . , - r a a . .
. ..‘“... _ . ‘. .- .. . .. . h . ' . . - .-'. . ..~.
‘ l , . . ‘ ,. . ‘ l“ I ) |" . , y; . (I. t I f“
, ..’». ‘.S‘Kfi .u . '.l :v .v.'. .'. .- 1). u . . “‘-""l'-l no“ ‘..-a I,“ J.J.¢‘~‘¥ ‘...:de U of...‘ 1'
- ." . .~ ' ' . -'., , -t ‘_ .- .? "
t . .. ‘ A :1 O.I;- U’: o . I .J ' -. I - J... ‘1 3" ~ , . u.' .'o’ ‘1».' 4 e: ‘.a '. ; (‘.‘ ....
.
I - ., . ' . ‘ ' '
. ‘ , ' | ’ .a r - J ' 'a l‘ p ”- - i‘ '. '.~ . ' ‘ ' ‘ "
v‘ ‘.‘ .‘:. K -~ ..‘ --1~ "’ .‘. :.I' . -" 3 ‘L-‘Il *- "J < (‘...f. “"03: -9¢.. ..‘) . ‘0'“ 1 ‘.~ ‘ ' (‘tu
v A . v p e
. .t . - . a) - . fl . - c Q‘ . .. a‘
'. - u- f a . \ , . A, I. _.‘v I; a p
s— De; \_ - 1 .. D - .'-Jd v .. .1 cl (‘ 4.; ‘0: '3 'u " J ..-) . l-" A \.‘. . I.... J‘ ‘ ..' -..'-U
.
a d‘ p, v ‘ '

 

 

a . a a .I h D
I 0..

. , ,—. ~ ‘\ ..‘ a A H _ - ..-. -‘ .- f. , . ‘ , - ~ .\ .‘ -\- 0F .-.' '- g T n '.-
|-~.l.v[ .’-.-. ..'.:t--_..‘.I IJ‘I "A-". ‘...‘d'n'fiqa ‘ .--.‘~.'l:u foLJ ‘I-L J'v'hul ‘.-¢'.'12J “{‘u'cnéer :n‘.“

l- .
:4
A
.t
\
rs
.-
a;-
b.

. . ‘ .'.. . I 1 I‘ “ ‘ l a . ‘- ‘. V‘s ‘ ‘ ‘| H '
... - -A .l...’.‘ . "- \- “L r ."l-u-.ll u-H‘ .‘.“. -'-L J. “ I 'II 11‘. “int ’0“‘

 

‘ .. . 1 i a: a o . .A 4- - .Vn .. .u _. I. H . ‘ .-a .-‘
. . ... .’. ,,I.‘...-\. I. ..'-....~ .4 ..,u .441 Luann! (.91.: new-t ..‘ .La3.1.!J~ '..~ $24.. "a

‘I
| a V ‘ . I (. ~- ‘ ’ - r: . . .I- ‘ ‘. ‘ ,‘I ‘ ~. .‘ I ‘- .. ~’ ‘- "‘ \ " '. " . ' ’I ‘ ." .‘ ~ I». O ~~‘ "_ ’A ‘ I . . '.‘- In I?
|. ...’-J‘- '.I‘ 9.: w .l. :J.-..I1 J ‘.‘; :.|~ .‘.‘co. -'.¢..‘-.'—s-J 'rh-w‘a .'..vL-LJ u... Coo-— -.~L.ro¢.‘--., \a“J't a UL t 8"}.
I V '1 U .
a:
' - \. t r ' l - P
" I ' ‘v ' '.' ' ‘ "I T "' o' " t i "an! ‘ “' '.'U‘ 3 ill‘ l‘ 0" " 'c"
"- I _ .3 .' Angus-.- ( 1... kn". _ ‘4 '-' . . J..:;-I. --. - - -2- 1.. . .-5.I..L..~: Ht -.1.-.- - ' ‘ I I...”
j s v- - u u " '
. u g .‘ ~. ». V I ’ '-‘ ‘ _ a “ p
x . , ‘ a - "I - ‘ . .r -— ‘ -a .- I - u .
. ‘ '.... OO.‘.L’ . -‘ ‘.’ ...' -‘. —» I.)‘D‘-'{-d‘ .0. IJ-o&:u..‘ ... .' ._I‘EJ :LIJ ‘\l‘ g : ...‘?O D .'.
- - ~1 .- ... T .- * ,‘-- "‘ I . .- - 1 - ‘.' "f'r‘.g "v cu, .- u-.'- r‘ L '.'“ - t-- '- '
-.'.‘ 1 J. .o a-. - _ -.a ..- 1 LU M‘. .2.....' {...‘J.t'.’~c.é ‘3 an..-) (..5. "_H.u.--.!.G .
‘ g . ' ' v .
' .~ _ v ..' _ ' .l a
\ ~.. _- ., -:: - - .r‘ Kr. ' -.~ - ' rr‘“ .‘~
(..-'. .4-. .... -’-.. ~:. "C" Media .an'I-u “9:91 -l(.‘s4°~‘.: - ”15?. .d.-...B.§E(AU!T.
u ‘ .l
. eh . \ r ' . r I . v ~ ' ' ‘ '~ . ‘~ . . a f.‘ - . a .'. r - . ' .:'.p .u.,._ o -. ,. v'
: . ' .. ~ “ J "' I ‘. I ....- }’P~‘SO _‘O-. ,‘5 s) l-A‘l '.'-V c ‘ .'. '.') :-"1.‘3 .‘.llgLr-rJ ‘uB‘Ju‘ o‘a';'..J§-I J (l
l
. .‘ ‘ D I. . e. . '- ~
- -. . o. ‘ I. ' ‘.. 2 vs. v . t - 1' .~_ - -. .. .--- ..‘ . - - -' f w. ' -~ -.
I .: -.' . -. -_ ..N. ' .'.. p .L J. u ...‘lacl ”.3. .9 L.~-' H ‘..-.’. . .‘.. J .’J .-.$:o 0.1". J. ...’...F-":. ‘ '9‘}.
L ‘ " ‘ ' \ I ’ \ r .5 ‘ . 3 V "
\ . ‘ .'.- ' a s I‘ a . . ‘ -.- .~ . A. ‘. . o . b.
a an: 1 . - ... .. i...‘ ‘.J.. V: ‘ .‘.-5cuio’...» ... . _l.‘ 4....) .. ‘J._‘ I) (‘a '5."1)".""I'.' !'..p. _..(1 -,ut]
. l
P . .~
- . ' " - ' . ' r
s l — — , ' 1”. .. ' a ‘ u‘ . ‘ , a \ .' . ..-‘. ".. n ' ,
i 1 ‘3 s‘ ls ( .r.‘ ‘5' .'. In 3 lpl\.~¢. O u. .- . .‘.. " {‘.' . '(.'- I but ‘.'.3‘ .'..‘4' ..‘;n
k . ‘ on . V ' ‘ . )- 1. - v.
‘ ... ..- . . ...‘. ‘._'.. ..‘ . ""1. .' .._ __ “""‘.' .‘.-A .
I .c.‘. . -)‘ . . ~.L o; .. [..'.-x ...}J {’..I S.)\_\.,v.‘.. . (J ..Lz__.y 3.x...(J. $-33

-- - lav ... ' A‘ :‘i' _,. '~ - . . 3 --1 ..‘-~.. -' . .. ‘.a . r ..,,,
.uvw-hktnbxrt; .~ s an .nononmniu hAihVQQLLJhQ

-‘- eo-v .- .‘....orc- .- ----.-- -'.. -v—Qr-.-..-.e.

- - -. .' -v.' -.~r-».«.-?‘-: -.-. I"\ "°--. o '.-., a." - .- .-—‘, '.'. 4‘ o - '-'-- '
‘, I‘L'. ,’ _' ‘ - -’ ‘ _’~ . - .uL ‘.': _...J"~. -.'." LJLII I -.‘” H '.~ ‘ L. ..-f‘ ...' .'. ’$\..'...‘: 2'.) ..' J’J-‘s -;‘)‘:.’ '.s’ 1-"(.l'
- , . .‘.t . - ‘. ’ . ’ .... . .‘.' .-‘ ,, '.. .-.,...‘. '.. .. .: - . ......" ,
a-.. \. ’ («I - v-v - g ( | un- I... no ‘.‘ ‘ '4‘ lo. a ' \O'LI' a . ‘.I. U ( d'-tJ‘-'1. n-“ ‘3 ...-1. ~-L-‘ ~: 4.: ‘: Au. ..‘" .‘A
' .‘ - I. ~ ~_f‘ ,. ‘ {r -:
O \" --‘- .----""" ‘ 0‘“. . ‘ “‘
|
's V
. . a - , t a
. ' , I - ‘ ‘ . - Q- ‘
. . .. I ‘ g . .. ' ..'.-a . "’ .. I . . ‘. OI...
‘ - . l‘ - c ' u .-.(- ' ¢ 3; w L. Q -‘~.‘. ’3“ ...‘... «~‘l'g 4":‘3. ‘.J~J:¢'Joo'lc‘¥ r b‘ —. "“l
. -- h a
.'I s- ' .‘ '\ . '
x 4 “3 . ‘ v‘ -. ’..-4 .
.-‘.“ .("1 .‘V"“‘§d¢a en's.) I‘ -‘I"~)a‘. . .-

 

 

92

TABLE XIV

Major Sumertime Activities Which Will Grow Fastest Between

now - 1980 - 2000.

 

 

Activities 1980 2000
Waterskiing up 121% up 363%
Camping 787. 238%
Hiking 787. 2187.
Swiming 722 207%
Playing Outdoor Games and Sports 722 2167.
Walking for Pleasure 497. ----

Boating

_A.

2157.

Source: Outdoor Recreation Trends; Bureau of Outdoor

Recreation; April 1967, p. 19.

TABLE XV

Number of Peeple Participating in Selected Outdoor Recreation

Activities (per cent of population)

 

 

Activities 4.260 1965
Picnicking 537. 57%
. Swimming 45% 48%
Walking for Pleasure 33% 48‘
Outdoor Games 301 381
Fishing 297. 301
Boating 222 242
Camping 8% 7%
Biking 6% 62
water Skiing 6% .62

A A A

 

Source: Outdoor Recreation Trends; Bureau of Outdoor

Recreation; April 1967, pp. 22-24.

 

I 7
.0 ' 9" ‘ MoL

' " l ‘. I . I ' ‘ s ' < .'- " . -‘I r """ ‘tv ‘ ' ‘1

' ‘. , ' I . 0
... ‘ u ' -0 ‘. u."a. ..'. - ‘5' “...‘... ' .'.- " ‘-‘. . ‘J- h c.v ‘ ' s .'e' J-n.‘ .'.- -‘ $1.)". 4'
‘ '
1 l|\ . - .
..“3‘1 , . - ..,L. ‘-- - L~L'o'

.-n—fl—Hfi‘"“-‘---~-—‘-‘--fl——*--Ol~---—"-----H-H——-~“------‘-----.

-....O-no-«O o-. e .-- '-. u - 0*-'--~Q”-'I-~-.C S O... .0 -.. -Q--.---¢‘.-aO-D '...-.4... .....co-.. -..-OI-.-

-- -- : : “_..-“‘...“.
‘.. ‘ . .‘ ‘--. '.. 'o s'— V. ‘J ‘
—-0. .- 0- ~ ... o - . a g D a. a ' - - e - O o e an- . C n .- .’-. ‘o-v ‘ o . - —r-nr.«-.0 O ..--C' . C b O I C o -o~ - O O O o - ...’-a.
ll t . ‘ ‘ ’ _
\‘n . . . ‘ ' c uh ..’- a", O. 1 o‘ ..‘... ...‘.J. "la
‘ u. I s"
.. ~ ..V r . \ "{:J.'.'. u;
t \ c L.‘ I. ‘ ‘.’.1' up. ’1
-_, ‘ . . . l ‘
t. u‘a'.« ( .\ \ .41.." 1 -'.";
a:
9'. (..‘.. . L-u_. \ Lu: -.‘.l'. »\ "'9 143?. \ls.’ l"; ‘ - ~‘ J.‘\.J“I“I‘Q‘I“-." V .‘- '.' ILr‘db .‘.
- . n (‘.. “r If ' 'J a
. - ' ..' ‘t ' u “ "‘
'“~"'" c.‘ .‘ ~.-'-‘.'Io..t-.a....'. . ..L'-‘ {‘U.‘ 4).}.
I ' “u
. '. ~‘ ~, ..' | .‘.. « .2
t .-.I 4 ‘-..Q.‘-.-’ '.I‘.. 4.

‘.. er - -:-o§..-u.-- -5- --~. 0... -....... _“I-o- '..---'-. -.M.----nvm-r--.~c- -‘.“-v..- pl--- -4“...~ -...--

.. ;-.v‘.r '_c . ' '- ( ‘...: .' v _ . '.' .. ‘ a‘l ."‘f _-‘r, .- o. '
v-(.“.'- Q. m" | u ‘1’ J“ ’ ' ’.. . {" ~." .‘..L «| '. ...d .‘...E; -1 ‘l‘- J ‘-{'\!flels44‘(~.“ ..'":‘o: ‘5 ‘.’

V" I' O o o ‘

I : -. .'3. .._ ' n... g “ Q '-r ..'
...'. .~'.: .\b~.J. ..-.-u. . ,z..tu....1..w.;.,-.t

‘ g ' . ‘ O O D '- a ‘ h ,
_,' ’... : u x 1‘ ‘.. .o . . _.. ' ' '-., . . ., . r , I _ .._ _ . _ * ' -.‘ ..‘. .' . ‘ . r . .‘ . z ‘ '. ' .‘.- ,' _ .
i. (A_, .. .' “..'.“ . ..\.".’ .g‘F' ‘ .'./5“,”; ’.',.-J . (1‘s. 7“}: .' F‘OX‘.-'. ...‘-d .'.-'.0 . ‘."J'. '-' (.9 ' .- ‘.‘l ‘.‘;ak'f- I'.a
‘ . , . .. fl .. .'. l ., . .._ . f" . , -\ ,..‘. . .. . ‘I. ’I '. . '.. ‘ -v 9 .. . : ~. . ‘7
-“}L‘-.-, ‘..}.I‘- ('..: .-l) ."cdu. J .~\“~ '.' Q -.‘-~-o‘ .. .a‘u. ‘0 ~

- “ - ' -
fi 0 0“ 0" C -. ..'". I..- . u o - .. ., . -. .. -....-.,. ._..‘ ... -.‘.... -..-.,- ‘-..v-.-|-...-- — at. 0.- aw- ov-o -'~-.-.-'- .’.—..‘....n—

a
' ‘ b I .. C U C
P ' ' I ‘ .
; ' | a; ~. ‘. . . -- -‘. , '.’ 0‘.- ..
90—0....5-0 -- '7' " ' -.- ‘.'""|“'.“ I- ‘
_- Q 0‘ -l a- O O G. C a a. . .. -.-’. -_ ‘. - -.-- - -_ . ‘ - - -.‘¢-- -- -----.I-...-I- .‘C 0.-.- O- V 0‘ O ‘ - .- 9 on I a
. .
. - ,,
u
Q \ .. ‘.. _\‘ ...'! ..‘-- ..1.~0'- .i
. - .
. _ ' n
l ,0 . '
(‘ 4. f.-‘-¢‘ K-‘Jfi '3‘ d.‘ -
' . .. ‘. . ' ..‘

. I
e

> I : ‘ “.._ _' Iv . ‘ .
...' ‘. ‘~-'v'-- .r..II’L.:‘1~.~‘.. . .2().\ , ‘.r.'...a.L.'.' “

. - .
, ._ '1 v' . v " '.‘. '
‘ v . '."C G"~'l :z'k' d-tl‘I‘a.J-IJI°
: . I \‘ ‘ ‘ C a.
‘ -" v (.1 .... é‘ia..'.J->-l‘.-- 4-
.. _ ' r '-"\ In. '
. ‘...... ‘ [3“ ‘1
‘ ‘ c " Pix;- ‘ 3'»
' . I v
a . ‘.. -
to... ‘ 'x~.' ‘. ..
\-
O I ' .
(.sl ' . .. -‘.
. 1 him ...w. a

.
‘.. -‘- - .'. “-'- - . ‘ . -‘. . -.-‘0- Q .- - D-‘--.-.’-O- “-‘~*- -
- - -'l - - ~-»- -.- -.. ’.- -,, .- -~-’ -.--..‘ O I

. . ‘ -.. ' ,'\ '.‘ _ fl _ ._
at ‘ '0 el -' '5’ -.. I ,' ’-., .l '. ..' "'Ejt

‘ I"... ; -,, . ~.. 2“ .. .'- " Iu' \' I ‘.
~~' "LL 3 . .\ Ert'.‘ J .’.; '...-...'“ - .~.‘::L_'Lv_p.7J‘} ..iL-t Ljufl-‘vt.

" ' v I. .~ .~' . . . '. 2- a - .s .
. " to. -. ‘..d O (’.'f'. ..,c \. ' ‘.. ‘ ‘AI . ¢n"'\ *1 ma": , .. . I

93

Trails should be located to offer hikers or riders many in-
teresting vistas and experiences. They should be planned with
numerous access points and inter-connection links. Whenever

possible, interpretive and educational signs should be placed

along side the path.

The tiotic character of a recreation site, when con-
sidered with terrain, may add great value for all types
of recreational experiences. Hiking, including nature
walks, is the outdoor activity that benefits directly.
Nature study is enhanced if a wide variety of biotic
types are available, or if one or two typical types

are abundant.1

Requirement Standares for Trails

California Public Outdoor Recreation Plan: Well defined
and maintained tread up to 10 feet wide, grades not
exceed 5% average with a maximum of 15%. lMinimum
parking for 25 autos at any access point. On short,
scenic, well known traili& this might be extended to
100 auto parking spaces.

Comprehensive Plan for Wisconsin: 50 peeple per mile of
Trail. Trails are l to 2 miles long. With a turnover

rate of 8, there are 400 people per mile of trail per
day.15

Forest Service: Locate trail labels so they can be seen
from a distance, drawing the visitor onward. Minimize
natural hazards. Provide drinking water and sanitary

J.
#

13Milatein and Reid; Outdoor Recreation Demand Study;
Volume II Activities Reports; Michigan Department of Conservation;
Tech. Report No. 6, June 1966; pp. 5 G: 30.

14California Public Outdoor Recreation Plan Committee;
California Public Outdoor Recreation Plan, Part II; 1960; p. 85.

l-5W:|.sconsin Conservation Department; A Comgrehensive Plan
For Wisconsin, Outdoor Recreation; pp. G-7, G-B.

 

 

 

 

 

 

..‘
..‘-
7.
)~‘. -1
' i
e --
,

" 1
J -'
.

.-_- -

-
ea. .
a O
A
.
., _
v

 

 

 

~¢
, ‘ .. ° — . u p .
.a _ . ,
w. v '. e . v _ ... v ‘ -' . . - . ~ 4 “' .
._, a '.. '. ' , , .1 -h' u . A; .‘ . —o. _’ ‘I I - r- v". . '-: L ..‘s-l-i 'la I ‘...I _. -.. A
. . . .
.. . I... ‘ .. "‘ .. .. . ., . -. ,. .4” .
. ‘ r- I- ° I. -u . v '4. I- — II’ a ’ . — - I] -‘I' oirw i. .. so
I ' I I ' —' I v ' II v“ -IF I . f» . .... a .
'.. M _'_. I .a‘_ _ I - , - ‘I ‘.... I I. » \‘-.A.. ‘ ., 4. i ..v -‘ . '
' l I D U n ‘ ‘ O
. \ x ‘ '
. - . , _ I _r _ ‘ n . .' - ,1 ~— r/ v v v .. ,
‘ '_.I, C. « ‘1 . ‘ — "q . a ‘I‘ - gl I .’. 5‘ t a .0 " w - -a- - .I -5 I -‘. I: .‘. -'.L ., .I I
..
‘.. b . l. ‘ A . I.
.iisI l -334 ..- ‘ . - . . ‘ -. 3
s , a -n _.
‘ V~ '_ ~. - " t . “, I' ' “‘ \ ‘ I -’> I
- . c ._ _' , ‘.‘- t; . . . '. ,. As. .. ‘-'.AJJ. nu‘ -‘- -~( . «s ..1-
I ' ‘ .4 a .
n ' .. ' p. ‘ u y. ‘ ' r. I - ‘l . I I
-. . -«1 ,. .41-, ;.II g , , _ . . .. I ~ . t ‘.'..s - .' -.. ..I £....I.L .‘ ’. .-. ". c.
o ‘ o r .
\~o - -. n' .. (I "A ‘- J .\.- '50. ‘. -- ‘o-lnfl ~' J. eJlI-WI-J ' < -" J - "
I . I 'l \ a I l e . ' I'
. 1., - ' _r .' . -.. . .. V . r- . _ . . . , _ . . - ,' ., ‘
- .- "1“ - ~ .I .'I" d .Iu- ..'. I ~I .'1 ‘1 '.' -.I ‘II1'-’ ‘Jl' :‘1I~¢ ‘00- { ' '10-. v. v
' . u I. ‘
’ .* .. .,,. V“ ;,~".-~. ,. .. ¢,~\-. ' . f - ,
- - -.\- :_~ - ..-~! .- '- .; -‘ -. ._a - .. . .rieiJ .' «4.x ;. are! u ' “..'-: ..~ .
-l . _~ I o -‘ '— -"» -," . ,, . u 1 'I .' 0‘ I r . -. '.. ~. 0 . . . '7
_-f ..-: “4-. .. . - .. 4L} -‘. ..I‘..' ‘.‘..~ I... I ‘. v 4....0 ' 1-
- ~n . ‘ §
, -
'ro‘. " on I' - o 'a .' ‘a
. J1J30I ‘.‘-‘.‘t I . / .1 i
. n ,
n 5 :\~ ‘I ' ~ ' no . r- ' - f . ' t I
‘i‘.. ...‘. -. -'v: ‘. ' ‘.. 1 .'v .'..II ‘- :Ju‘ '- Q. I... -A'\n9 ..'.- --I
. ~ g , - . . ‘- ‘ " ' :'
. ‘ ' . ,, . , -_ ., . .‘ . - M ,. . f . ,. . ... e -
.. — .I .'. -'. ‘ i. '-‘. t 4' J, . 4 .- nJ -.‘. ' “I!" \I- .’. 9.1).! ‘.‘.» 1: .'. -- '...—L ~
. . ' . .- ; o --
.. .~. . I, - -. ,~ . . v t . _ - _r. ; a : c\
o - ”‘.‘... ‘ ' _A, . -- _. .__ ', ...; ’.‘ .. . ..' '.. " 11’.\.v-.-l-. '..- . R'rt'r.
.' I II ' ’ ' f - ' '5' D I I
. _ . ‘ ' ' '~ I "u ' ‘ _‘_ . ' 'a - , n- ‘-.
» .‘ . .. . 91.“-.. ..3 -'1‘.‘ .. ...n' f- SI'JJm. .- .1... ..'. .a c. ‘.- = rd. '
I‘ ‘ " .h‘ ' 0| '
; " 1 '"t’ o I - I ._afi" ' . (a “ ‘V v. \ t‘ ' ‘ I‘. . ' . ..‘.
-‘-.u a . ‘|£." ‘a- ‘.' _ IA-:- :' ‘- ."' l d I J in“... I. Lou c-KA’.‘ . II- - ~ . it :
.5 ’ ' a a ' a I . ' ’- D ‘
~ I o .I 'u ‘ t '. -II ‘ '.‘ 'I I' ‘.a .1 '0' I ‘ ' I I ! .‘ ' 'I' ' ' ’_ .
I III ~I I‘ ‘ I‘II‘I “If. Iv .“ ’ “‘I 1"“ ‘ IJo'...‘ .'. ~~' .‘./s s‘IJ .‘.—'.' I I. ‘ "1 "' is l
v’
r .
.'J. I-. ‘0 . ~ ' a“ - .|.'- v‘."':(. ‘_:i
.‘a.’ .00‘ :u a l‘-.46.‘ ‘ -‘3- o \lkv._
. . . ... , -- I
, 1 ' ' " 4; 1 - ‘ . - A , ‘.. . . ‘L . o p - o v‘ '. i "v f. v, - o -
p I . r ‘ ’ \ I l I - a
—--’ -'- ; ‘4'-- .l " ‘3‘... .k, ..'.o_.1_1\.‘ ._ . “‘34. iafJ. . ' . ‘1 “.'.. ’ '.\
. .- _ , ‘ o- - U' .
.2" | , ‘ .v ‘I . ’ua‘ ‘ ' ,' '.‘ - ‘ I - "' I“ ' ’.’. .
‘ “" ' 0‘ h-...‘. '..~ -..', i .. ‘JJ ,. .4-;...~ kc...) .I‘...‘_
c . f, .- .A . . - '-
1 ' . . . a ,, u -. .-
I \ ' . . .l \ ' I .~ . --e r: , _
§ v s' a ‘ _-. -I . _.i. 1' -£‘\ , (I I: '..-‘- -.\ .‘.. _I I, '.' _. in” ¢ ..‘: .
' -
. ' . ’ I
‘r ..3, . . . . ‘ r‘ a r . ‘1 ‘_ M v." ._ O _ " , .~... ’0 -\ .7 '
u a J. J - .... 1 I“ I_‘; \. ‘.'-L ". .'. .‘.-fl 5' '.-? 33‘. ' , .‘ 5 . _ f‘,’.’. I_' ' I ‘| A _5 .4 n
. I“ ”1.". "2'1“" .x.’ . . " II n-“E‘ . "‘f' I" 1‘ r "“
- p ..2 .\ ,. l. -I 3 ‘.‘“; _‘.__.,,.__,v ‘ ._ ...(.,- g; 1)....
3
' II o . n- , , ' ' ‘ ' :I . -.‘
p. " .‘.: .- - ‘If ‘- 7‘.- .~ . . ‘. Ig‘\-;:.'o, 4. ' 0",
’ I " J ‘ ' -' ' ‘ l.-. a .A... _\i' ‘ ‘-_.Ia_‘\’ (_‘I -'.. . he: . ...-g- III-I _. u! -{ I-I-,|' . I:
...-.._- .. .— 0- Q»..- a-v---’.~t.n- ‘.-.-‘-‘» u.- 0
'I ‘ _,._. . _ ‘ ._ ' r .- . . r O -‘ H I! - .r i
' ‘ :- ‘.~ ‘ . ‘ ... _. . - A n - .
-~ a...., .. ..‘ -.. ' -, '.':‘v «.4: " ..'.-- 2’". 11.3-'.’-)1.‘.“
‘.. — --- «so»- . v. I I ' “ ‘ "' I' I " I" I I I. . I I
.’. - --'. " ‘ ' -I".‘-Io .e. u I e» C. ..1- ‘
~ u. _ . - . . _ a an '0 -
0‘: In .’.. ‘ I‘ a w I _A I .. “..‘ -‘I.- ‘ I! - 4r '
-. ~ -- ..~. 0 . g f ‘ ' . ‘ '.‘ - ' . u u \ ' ‘ _- O . ’ I
. I . ‘ ’ -u“. - t’vx. -‘U' ~ YA '. '-Ia‘J-O l'-~-‘ 4 do on ' II, - I‘
. . .n ‘ 1 “ I .'.. v . ' I
_ _ . -. v , _ a .4. 4 y e , a , ‘
. " - . I' '.I . '.' l \ A I x)‘ lg . . ...'). “ . ( ‘, ‘ .‘...'. ‘
.—. k C :
1 i . . , , , , $2 a‘
v _.. ., _ .l
. m . I - ...{ t . 1u . f . . .'. ‘, ‘ i , .. .‘ . ‘ ' 'I .’.
-- .. , _ , ' r ‘l‘ '. ‘
I - ‘. J 'J‘" M“ 1: I V. ‘ I‘ ‘..-'.’. I .1- UI. ‘- J—‘I .'I.‘ \‘ -I I‘. o-J' -‘- '-
1 n .
. _ 1 .‘ .
‘ ' LI " ' a. l . r 2’ :I'. u 1
-- '0- —. ~ - .‘ 'l' . , ' ' " .'_ n a . l- r ‘ -5 ’ I.‘ “ ’ v “ ‘ ...', . ‘ I :
8. t 2- .. _ .AI. -'~‘J.-':‘.. _ _ .‘.!"I ”diffi- J-‘--’.'_7IJ Q . ..u .'. _ . -‘. n:
, ..
- ‘ a ' ‘.. .. ‘ .'II ~_ -' V‘ _ .I. . ‘
" I ', g I. ' ’ .‘ r ‘ \ " '.' .' ’ ’ ' a 7' - .I I. " II I ‘ I I-dI
. O I- - .I-fil‘ an 9.. ... t "I -':;I .I,.' . :I?_‘_..‘- ...I" J- d‘olt\-ILvI :l-.'.-I--‘\ - In-
.
l - -. ' t O ' ‘ ,. '
O -’ ' -.‘ .‘\.‘. o . .v. . .-. .... ..' —1 u 7 -. r . ..’.-‘.. ‘ N:
'I P ‘
t A’ Q - .Vr \ ‘1 ' .u ., . .y .- - I _ , -(, | . '
,. ‘ .~ . . .1 - -i - -4 e. u - ( ~. , ‘- ~ -- .— _
. - a or o».- .' .-- -- o... -'.. o -r .-.'-.m'" ‘1‘”.- O 'O- -‘."'"""‘ " .‘

94

facilities where appropriate. Give names to trails be-
cause it creates a feeling of familiarity and affection.16

A danand is being created by new groups of hikers which must

be met by recreational planners. They are to provide the paths

and facilities to make these trips worth while for the individual

not only from the physical, but also the educational social and

cultural aspects .

There is a riddle of trails over the earth's surface.
There are the trail of the first land creatures
scribbling the rock that was once shore, the Jideep-dug
trails of the hooved creatures moving with the un-
dulations of caution towards the salt licks and the
places of water, the paths of the Indian planted in the

hoof groves of the antelope and deer and buffalo,
the ways of the white man over marching them all, lines

at last of the machines, hard as asphalt, straight as

steel.

Trails are the script of life on the clay tablet of
Splendid and sordid motives have etched

the earth.
the pattern, search for water, search for minerals, for

treasure, for the fountain of eternal youth, for the
Sabine women, for the swords of conquest, for the Holy

Grail, for places beyond persecution, for opportunity,
for space, for fame, for freedom.

In 1965 only 10 percent of the population went camping, but the

predictions are that camping will be the second fastest growing
Camping

outdoor recreational activity between now and 2000.
It is

appeals partly because it is a different way of living.

 

"Guide to Construction of Interpretive

16Goorge K. Brown.
Forest Trails"(unpublished paperi— U. S. Forest Service. Dec.,l962.

17.11.11: Cooley Altrocchi. The Old California 'l‘rail.
Caldwell, Idaho: The Caxton Printers, Ltd. , 1945, p. 15.

 

 

 

.
n . 0 , n '7
’ ' 'k - ’ ’ "- ' - ‘ ‘ ' - I. . ~ r -' : _ ' ' "
.'. .‘ '... ‘ . ‘ _." I t "i i’, f . . . ., . .‘. -4 , . . 1‘ _v,‘ . I ' .‘0 _a . (to .- ‘I .\ _s - “I ’1 .
-- .. .7 ‘ .. '. ~ n- '.‘ ,. ‘ .,, 3 ‘l '- '3" -; ;.ua* ‘
o'—’ ..-: . - -. J ’.. a "—w - - --- -. . . - .. . - - . ~. J -.J . .. .. .
' . . ‘ ‘ ’ I ' ' '. :c I a ' " ,w. I . !
g: (.I I a... ‘_ Z. '1 u " . J ‘1 . ‘.‘ I I' ' '.‘. .. .~ ‘. -“‘ , J . .' ..’ ..‘} v ‘ - - ‘ . ' '
. p _ ,
_ _ * _ r . ..‘ :~ I I . , ‘ ' _.. ‘- ‘.‘ ..‘ ,‘ '. ..‘ ‘... ..J ._ - .. ‘
‘,'¢.a—n ‘. 1.1 ‘.~: I . .. 5‘ .1 ‘.‘.5 ' A I ‘ u. . ko- il“ ..‘: 'J-JK’- ' - ’ ' . .“ -3 '
. n . ‘ . . g ‘ I ~ o _r.- u 1. f
' ' '.I‘ ' < s. - -~ —' 0 y, , .v '.' - ‘ 'c o ' '-~ . 'IIZ':. ' _. -. ‘ .- " u ,1 ..' . .'.
t .- "'1“ -‘ 1 . 3.1-. '.'-i «s; _K [T— ly-,.-‘4'.i‘.'o ‘.-: -t I l; -’. .‘.-‘0 -(D L.. ‘-‘.'J ' " .41! (I _1 Lav ‘_§ .1 ..‘.-h A. s" ‘.'..L A” .o
‘ r' 4 .. , .'-; -,,..r r,, ‘ - .. - 1. - ,,1 .. .. .
'éx'. <_ .-_ (.‘1 ..‘.:I K. O. ,1? .‘ 'u' 1'. ’.-, .5. '.2 ...Lh.)_'.,o:.\Lln1 . .. 3.5-. ‘.’.."vl -.‘ ;
’ ‘ I'
' x . - ! I 'V' 1 ' .n"
0 .ad ' ‘ .‘ I; --.’,-'~‘—4...-- -
o
. '\- a r o ’ .-'.-. .‘ < ‘l U - ‘ 0' ' 9" .3 ‘- I is T a . r. 0,: .u a ,. p t.
O ' - ”._1‘2‘ ‘0 1“) -~ I‘, .‘.-.3 -- J “ ‘.‘-.- ...] an.) 4.0 J'- ‘ .l - .‘. a, ‘0‘ c - J4 ..
, . . , . . . I -'. , T I .' . . } ’. ... . ...-g. , . ‘ , . '.. p
' .‘ ..'.!'., : .'..-.- i.l.'.‘_- ..JI...'._--. '.j -5. -‘.;E ' I \ o .'. ..n .’-‘.."‘.‘.
I . ‘ . ° . ‘ ' .‘r P l '
.. - .. - _ .I.-. ~ ._~ ..'.. ' ' . ." ;. ---. .v.“ .- *vf' --‘ .\
‘ 330"- ‘17 . "'J (.- .'. "nu Li-in. .‘.a".- .J 5'8:ng _"..)'~J.L il'..-) \_l}.-L.‘.(~ -- -* u...
. - . : “' ("‘.' 'I -‘ '.a V - ' ""'.a- .'"a‘ . 1,".1: ‘t‘lli‘ ...'1'5 ." .‘ 6.: ‘..-"”i-i
'.‘- :!-‘ :..¢.‘~J ‘34-... m (J.‘. ‘1 ‘ 9. ‘ '4. ' ...-’.’ i ' -’.s’ “'r V (:3 .'..l :1 ~’ -’ 5' ‘,.'.J.’J- s
. ' H " v I ' .4 . '.- ~ . - ' - -. '. .A 7' M
‘ v « p1 - ‘I ' , "u~ . ' I'_. - ,\r . - . . v- a . . - ’.‘! y ,
‘ .3 5.13... ;"...- Jaws. ““3113 ."1;J “:41. moUu rJ(_vl.L.111[I\J -LU u. lJ(I.'...J “'..-J."
, p ‘ v _... a -l ‘ I ~— .
( ’ —' ‘~ . -' .... _‘_ . . .,-‘L . , . ..I . _ ._I . .\....,...I .I . ..’ .... t. I ’_
..‘...'.: 4.5.). ‘.‘-r“ {Mir—LI! l :‘r-.'.'lz-". .'.\..'. ' .Lk.’ L‘J‘LJ‘. '..“ - ‘..-, c .'. GJ a -. ..‘) ( -’-‘I.J-L
' - -- . g . . ‘ - ~ '2
-‘ . . . ’ , 0 Vi - z‘ ‘ ' ‘_~ .II ,I ‘ '.. f‘ ... ~_‘ - - 5". ~.- ,4 u . - '
(’.'...H- .111" 3.13? ..‘.‘a _".l hithfi 1. .(:-‘. -Jhn ..‘IJJ . L: 1.. {‘...—:__ . [ILAI
1 . ... ~ ‘ _ ' , . .
i ‘s ‘. 9 '. T I ,- _ .7 »- p. - v. ‘.‘ .0 :Vn,~ ...'” ~ 1t -« -...~( -~ - 0;»r a}, .-‘. ~--
Y I tic J:4(.¢. .'. ‘---}. .'.; 1' ’1 s.‘ ' -'..-.,I (l-.". “I. 7. .- J ‘1 ‘.Alr - -o u)- A V! ~n“ an. - ... LI ...I t. . '1 -,
c . ' ' v' ' ' .5 ' 5 .
.. t"! 1 ‘.-.9_ -- . - ‘.. . '3'. I; r“. - ’. a. -- ~ .‘ .u - - ; ' -' l . ¢ '. :°
'.‘ ..'! —‘ fi' - J. ‘3' v‘ v: ‘1 ‘ J at IL‘A‘. “ ‘ “'.' J J Col ‘ ’ ‘.J J (‘ ‘ ’fa 1r! -'~ I] v.- ~I'it f: A ..' .u C) J ‘A !.'-\ w' o.
I * ‘.. _( .'.
i ._.\J~VJJ ‘1
}‘
I
I
. .. - . ' ‘ ‘ ' ' ..' I O
- - Cl \ , . - I v -‘ f . : o\ - - -. —‘ 7 a .. -.’ -. -.- _' .,,, ... s- j .‘. I? g‘ r. _l ' p: 0 ,~
...I_,' ...’.A.1.".£ “\f’afi.) ..'1:.} {.11} 75-24.}. .ruk‘ .4'..".L.1..)c'4 ...'.{A 9,» -.‘.. (.... :-:.».- 5
r ‘ . - _ ‘. O - > : o g , ~ 1 l‘ - _... r. 5 -
. . , . ‘. . .... ... . I . .._. ,l , : ...’. ‘ . 'f‘ ‘ :‘fi .,‘ “‘a . . .. ...‘ r.
‘ '.IildJ...) .'.‘u’r..£... (.’-\'...1( t... ;..-- '.‘-LCHJ 1.97“: '..... Ll..- "..‘“ oLJ ......) ”,1ij
-- ‘ I l -l I I I I
. . ..A' .I ‘ u..- v I ... -, . . , .'.... <- 5 C .'.-'3 0, x... .. a.” .v ,‘ .... .
. {.'-. c ...}- I- -' I‘ - 3 \ ..'- a- A .’.”: ‘ V. ‘ .. ‘.’. '1} “'—‘ L v‘J‘ ': “.IJ.'..‘;'\‘I.".“ sfidJu-J
‘- . -7 ." . u c l 1' I . , 7 ¢. . _ — o
‘ ‘ V ' ‘ n . h \ ‘t I
; ‘.«isJ . g“. (““3““5 ”mu... .. 1 -'..) ..‘- ,..:1.I.I- -'. .ci -1 nu... ‘ .. :u .._)- J
‘ f ' .‘..i . . .. .5 ,_ , . r' T “ p , h . - r- H . . . .. " ..4'“ 'A
‘ . . ' . - . . w -. _ . . . I . . .. ., ,
‘~'_-l.'.,.a.'. '._.'.:’..) ..‘.(.r-. tat...).JiH.U- ..(J (JUNE :8. .15“. «Uh ‘.1...( ’.' ”that?” V.
- -'. .'r ‘I"' '__... _. r - .'_ ‘. _ " _: "'\|,, ,J. '.‘ " ‘. “ ‘.‘ ’.i' , ‘ , ~ 'J 'c I' g . .1 1' T _.. .. ‘.':
: t " .1 ”Kit-..’.: .i“(" '.. -'.!gn ‘..'(K'.0..J’-I...a‘ I4 -..._‘ 1 “nil" i...“ (...’, . !.’1-‘." --.(l- ..-... J.-I,
- . -." . .
'. 1‘ . -‘ a
‘1 r, - . -. .--- ‘1' -‘ -, ‘-- u o . . ,. ...'.- , , V... ,
.- . 31,9121.) «tun. .M'... ‘741‘134 at-‘a ‘.aavm'd -.'. .I.
3
l . \ o .- . I . F r - .9 ¥ ‘, {r . t 5' r Y" c .'f‘ [' '.‘ ;"
, — p , ... - . . . l ' U I I v o _ ‘V‘ . - .. ~ _. 5 , . '. n . -. - . ~. . . .l.‘ . , r . . - '4 ._ ‘
51...! ..i.':'-J ‘ L1..." :er “..’ alga-‘..} ‘1C'.L-JLJ.u-r-dr ‘.‘; ne‘l ..’ d-U d1 kt-J-.- 'f ‘..x {..’.l-‘(J L.‘ -.‘. I3,-
0 . v. ¢ y I n D‘ .0 n . ‘ , ‘- \ -'-
' " " I, -~. I}. _ I ‘ ' 1 . ~- ' '. < ‘10 o' ’ I'r": ( "I'fi ,1 g r ,-. p .
I 1‘— ‘u - , u; ‘ l '-‘ ‘ I-J‘- ‘J o ‘ ‘.'" U 'é‘1" f." (it 4. _.. .'-. a. (...l-‘uL. '- “I an) 90'} .‘ ‘0‘ ‘ 6 ..'. . I “(‘ ¢. . n-‘—. . ' -’ -' r
$" T‘ ~‘ ‘y ’ ' ‘ '.I i .x‘ " P I z ’ 1' ‘. I u "‘.' ’ T h "i ' 'I’ :- "" fl” fl‘ .\ ".' ? " " . 1 , v I . ,, 0' . “ P‘ .
I ' L" v~ . :2 '- . . ‘~ .f ‘-ll-“‘ . 1.: a... r‘ - LtlJ a 'u I ' ‘- - l ' ‘l ‘1“! ...‘. V as!) J hi ‘.' J. “1‘ \(.3-\.; L53” .u- .'.) .‘. a. ‘. ‘.‘ :J a]; {-J
r . -l ‘ ' ‘ .'. :1 . ' N, ./ ...‘ ‘ ’~.., ' Z . r‘ ‘ _ 3 ‘ “ ... :r l‘ ... ,J’ .'.- : —lo. “ _.. .-' l, \. ’.' ‘...
Mo. .’-- . AL- d .'. ...-o 9 '. . ‘3 2 ‘1‘) p. ...--'.d o- ...)»I ‘0) '..VJ. .5. ...’ c 1.. 'le‘ l-‘ ’L'L‘ .1 :J': ‘l.s..',l - _!\ ’
A .
'16-. m--v~n--i--t - ‘-'- non-"...‘“- - '.‘
. . - ‘ n _ _| ~ -, a _n 9' d V? V .-‘ r
-' -«\ ‘.w .- - ' - 4 .. — u~f-,-. -.~0‘ 1 , . . -‘ v,. '.' r ., ' 0 “_ , ’.. , _ ‘.’,“
1V; - '.'. -'..~“~ 3‘a-o '2‘, iJ-"J..'~ I’- ‘1‘ f:(.'“' tl~l .‘. -...H’i.’ .‘Jl'.“'.l h' .4. )1 --(;.)U
l' .- _-. vuu~ o 'n. p .. --~. . -.-.-. and-now". -1 .w-“-.'-v‘-- -'. .4 o O 0". . -
u. ,- r . .t . ‘ - . I" y \‘ l‘ . ..‘ .-
..‘. ....l 1 fu- . r- --1\ .‘A' , ~ I " "‘v -» .-,'.‘i' t ,r' . , .oua_- '1..~; '! .
. ... ‘.’. ‘ ...] 10‘ ..j- '~. 9" 3...! J1. -1.Ll_ .. .'..d 3.3..)1‘ ’.Jt' 1“”01,.,.'-V,.-"I“O_J'.:_‘.,JI- -_---J.."q .._]. J- ~ls'.“. .,‘
’ ' ‘ ‘ ' ‘-.-—v- o D a up .- o I" '
[
I ~ . ~ Q. '1 p F -.,V ~ . o- . r u o I «r \_L
| .. . ... . ' ( A l ' I - ' " ' ‘.- ‘ "
O o n . a. 3.4— v ‘ ."‘- u -‘ 2" .'-. ‘ ' I .'. ..‘., I P fit. q ‘.' .‘. a "..‘-(: ‘L",«l f, I {114.
u -._». 9 u u u .- . ~ «O— -‘ - -.' ' '0‘r‘ ..n on. o‘ --
’ i ' I ' ‘.. ‘ ~' "'- ."- ~ ' " ‘y '. .. ' Y~ ' “- .~ .I I O ‘ >~~~g ” .5. r . -- y . r "
I '-.]. . ' ‘ ‘ ‘.'a ‘ s..". c O “"15: t “a .. .l .1 ~.’,‘. J _- ’..!!! ..‘" |~O ' _'-. A... . ’..}; x . , ... t _J J _' _. .'. ' .,, ‘ ,L—l

 

 

95
already increasing faster than the sites for camping can be

provided. Even camping in remote and undeve10ped areas is

extensive.
Camped developed areas only 6572
Camped undeveloped areas only 33%
21 18

Camped both

The Survey Research Center study showed that about
one-third of the campers enjoy camping in remote areas

rmoved from other campers, while about the same
proportion enjoy camping in an area where they can

visit and talk with other campers.

It is evident that the planner must plan for both types of
camping areas.

Further increases in camping rest upon the question, "Camping
for what?" A few of the advantages made possible by camping
are sightseeing, travel, and fishing. Other interests must be

introduced into the camping pattern in order that it can become
a more creative and challenging aspect of outdoor recreation.
These interests might be photography, art, sketching, collecting

minerals and other obj acts to be found in a natural enviroment,

and a response to the pioneer spirit. The economic advantage

 

lsflational Recreation Survey. ORRRC Study Report 19.

1962. p. 34.

19Eva Mueller and Gerald Gurin, "Participation_ in Outdoor
Recreation: Factors Affecting—_- Demand Among American- Adults , 'i

ORRRC Report 20, Chapter 6.

 

 

. —... -. .— . i:- :1 w 0‘ =.5 . .-"~ 'I I‘" “ .."v .‘.” .'2 --.' ""b-'. . '4‘: .N..-' ‘1
‘ k; 1. .41 ‘. ‘li—i—‘Il‘ilil-Aa’ .'.i. J. (.‘.W‘J -’ t; 13.1-A.) r. '.' '.' .’ J ';.:'J -'. é_1:_.O.Io--~' .-' val]. sf. I" ) ....-. 1;
r o. _- o . ' e
u .‘- - .'. ,s . , .-(- """.".'{1LI I" N .'. ‘, -. - ' '. _.I‘ t") "..‘b’ g:..; J.J'u _- '('~
5.. '.. - , _.HI ‘_ . 3‘, .' 5 ... .- '..a.:a .“-k a '.’. ‘._‘. : J-..l. 1).. '»~.' . O . ' ‘.‘. ‘6 -' '
-
I» o‘.
. - “..'. i‘ar‘ “w.- )
(.3 ‘... ' ..‘..Ll 'XJ .' 1.).) .'. .’l L) ."- ‘(.'.’.~..' '4 ‘.’-..' In . ‘_ .'.".H.‘
. ' . ‘ _ , '. , v . .
g. \,L, 1.1.. 1):! Ie'u-’ “.‘-! 4. .‘ ".),'.:"-'f" " J'dv, ‘ .‘. .4 [335;
y \
'\ ‘ -' . l . a'.
I ... ' ‘ -. ...,- . .’. e
1 era aunt. ~-‘ .21 ‘l\/
a' . . I ‘ u, ( -‘.. l _. . —' _ ‘ l - v'e. 9‘ ,~ ‘ . .3 'l' ’1‘ . a; . « ’ 1 _. "VI‘ ... . , ‘.
._;.'-.'.'.-.3 14 5.1.! i' ,.:,l)'\'. \ ‘in,'l' ...} Isl-"J :15“-.‘J ’.J.a.4‘ Q' -“l “I'LL! 1'. aAJ.
O I n 'I. O .
.‘r -|- . . . . .. a .c ~ . - ‘ .t r I e’ " I s ' "
' 4". (l-J ... . '_- | . . I -‘. ‘.'... I. ’1‘-' ’ I". -j " ‘.} L.‘ L.‘ I... .L- N . .’J ..‘. .‘ .«\ A.’ t. , .(1.—a “-4 I. (.1
n I .' 1 (a a I V .'.
u ,I ‘ ‘ " o‘ e u' D I ' . ' . 1 h ' "
‘-'| JR. ‘1 1‘4 ud-‘Jrrsflj...’ ‘.... a.- a. ‘ i; -.. ". - ‘a'J0: - -II- “‘.' l. <. -.-’ ‘-1.“‘ k 5':- .'
, e- . .
‘,' §‘. u. . .5_ f ‘ . . L- . I '.., t P' - ~f . .r_-
i :1.) ‘ 'L1g| 1 _-L..T'5.'. .‘.I. ’ AL; l,L4 ‘.‘,L. l ‘A','."!‘ (a \a ‘:“‘ 11 ‘4 £10.29! - L'u’l‘, ..’-I,
(I ‘ l ‘ ‘ I
'L I. r .‘. . .. . . .- '.', ‘ . . ...-e t. . .- 7 . 9
.- - . -r . _.. . .ro . . 1
g (..i.) ,s but oh-fd..-J(J 1.4.1.». ILL ..’..) IN...) .446..- 9’
- .‘ .--- .’-' -." .-'- 'r-.";' .._,..,.,r . 4.: -~-« -- .t-
-'.U \a . " '.' J - ... ‘.. 3 J.[:-r. {1.«.'- _ - ‘.' .'I. _. -J.- I; 44,- 7:51;... .1 ’.'1 ;J .411. 2.). u .3 .,,.-A -._,x.
a V .-

f‘
.._
L. .
‘L;
-:
11
U
.’3
f—w
a.
3.}
f I
U
r,‘
t e
,‘Z
'.—
’l
H
‘0
‘—
Ll
. i
I
2*
1
\.

, 1'. ,z‘tl ’ , (Mg-.‘.Ii iii-U5: .'L'er.~;l’ :Q-U’IIJ 1; 3:31

- . - - . -- v 'u -\ . W . - -.
. * V " - I’.’ ‘ I . '. r .4 o . '.‘ r. ‘ r- . ‘ge' .e *1 f" .' f ‘. " '. ‘3 '~‘ ' fl .' j 'r'-- . .'. . 0- ~ -
<r1...:~‘ DJ ‘13 -‘.'.~-- ( .L‘ii -..'.’.'&Jr. -’..I,'.u.eU§.o‘¢.’.:na ‘9‘.J .-L' HJJ. -. «‘6 (31.11. JUA—
r (‘ , 7., .. t ,. ..' . ' ' '.'{3 . . " -'..' ;'.'. " f’.‘.,.rs.-f. .‘~_ . ' , .1 . -'l. ‘ U ..A .....
’ s' \ eJ-'- ‘.lsl .a ,.‘.-.‘ -‘l-‘u'u .. ...‘-3.. . ( ..‘.-.’.u'. "=.-'.. d- l/ilt‘ ‘...) t '.’-5.. ‘ ‘ "-:.&-.‘ 3 ‘.'-_- . 1‘ I... e. n .2 ’ 5‘

. 9‘ g , -¢ ‘ .
_. , ..,,. . , . , -o..._ . .. , .,, ... ,. ,.._ II 1, .I H .a .-.. . -
' . ...-t .-..;..-.1.v...a.-. ...‘.9(-s...'~-"3 -.U 33.1)Ld.) ,_f'.‘-..(.31.‘.z.i 5‘1) {3:35 1;‘V.1'.J'?ni. .51.) 1‘J-|.I.:-'. .'-.

‘ ~ ' -' ”3 ' ' .i . - .. ~ '1 , I . _' .7 ' V. ' . - ‘ " " '
‘ .~ -- . v - . - .,v ~90 \‘ 1 ~9- ‘.-‘ ~- ;_ 0 -. '.... _,.. ..'..‘nm- - -. ' ,- ‘.r- v". '
5’11““ """"""' {1"} Q t...£‘““2“')"‘{ ""“V t "’ ‘1” 1 {I}? ‘.’: 4"35- 4 Quit: JG J-rlg. -'<- I I... (...‘ -'s ~J {4.4L J si- '1‘;-

I-
I.

~' ~x e . ‘ “‘.' rm t‘-'~--'r-".' 1.3. ~ -' 1"“9- f - - -'- . c 15"». .. ‘!—';. ..' ~ .- 1' ‘..-v .~ .~
( .,,.._ ~ .' '.I. ‘.-“ t ... J. '3 -30)-. {ill} ‘9‘) 51.}. Atl‘pr".7c‘l. f)( C'J to.) .'J.’ L‘\!‘,J .r'./~‘.‘1'iu ts) $1.: :3 L,L g5 ,. |.|_Lg-

_ ' O a,,, . . ' .
. - . . . _ - _ ‘ .1. .- .- .. . I ‘ . .
. -‘ 1".I'A - ‘v v ‘ ~ -- ~L~v ; ... \ " w '._ ' ‘0 -.-, . e ,r - n! 1: . . ._ --a ;. . ‘.
. --'..~'v'~J‘-..- 1!... 11, thus‘f 1...“-.. ...‘-.. 3.4.51.» J... .15l.l..-.'-', .‘.).z.» (.'.J 1‘.u‘.f.n(/f.;'u.‘3.'. B 4.1-4:
.- .. ‘e ‘..---...-.” - -- ..'.-.'- .‘.-'- eo—O
- ‘~ . . 9 . K , - ,‘ I . ' . w 'r ' 4- ' » 1" r
. .1 g 1 '7 ' ~ ' . -? . ' ~. . p .v. y. e ', . .' .' ‘ u .. r 0 . a 'i , -.‘ '.., . o
g . .. ..' - I ' - ". ‘.1,.1J~. \. k- z .- ‘.J“ . .514 '2' .‘..l "L :3 "a '.... ~l Li?) -‘. c; j ..' .I. .1 cl '.0-.-. d ..’"
.‘s .- ‘ r» '.
. . ~‘.., .’. . .. ' . ,'..
v u e u ': h In. I l .‘ | v» '.' P" . '.' " ... ‘. :_ y ' - r, ... . .-
--. . 1 -v ' ' ‘ l- "' u~~ J"' ~~' .- I: a. If. u~ ‘lon -'. ..‘... - ‘_-‘. . ‘ .1 33“ ;‘{.le{; olifia.‘ -‘ian.4-‘ 1 ...'.{r8 e
...‘-Q a o ‘ -.. —\..n. a. . .--a—-m 0 ~ . ~4~ '1' , '
-- _ . l . . '\ g f" . "
. (A .. ' ,, - u o .. .' .L . u ,, u
,2 .- 1.. ~- - . s" :un z I... - _..h.,'~*:': :1 c,-_«t,j::;- .,- -
o - o “I.'- y. a o- ._, »- o ‘ Cs. one b'hufivoei -0 cu. . .- .r. a ‘ o O. .< --0 ‘.-.-a u o. O ’. o-. _.I. but ' . ‘.-.- -.- bt-O "'
, . , -1 - a.- .
.‘I .'-»..a' rtfilk' “"‘ -V dt"' .. Lad '-'
J

 

 

96

might also be added since a camping vacation enables the

family to travel and see the country at a minimum of cost.

Mirment Standards for Campi g:

Soil Conservation Service - Camp sites facility - 3000 sq. ft.
Per unit. A unit includes tent space, vehicle parking
space, and use area for cooking, eating, wood storage,
trash disposal, etc., 14 units an acre or 56 people an
acre. Camp sites average 4 persons each. Dimension
of tent space is 16x16 feet or 12x18 feet. Privacy
size is 4000 to 8000 sq. gt. a unit; 5-11 units an acre
or 20-44 peeple an acre.

National Park Service - camp sites facility - One campground
should provide a minimum of 90 to 120 camp sites on 12
to 30 acres, with 4 to 7 camp sites per care. Each
camp site should contain a parking space, a tent area,
a table and bench combination, and a camp stove.

Bureau of Land Management: High density campground facility -
The high density campground is provided where use is
expected to be continuous and intensive over normal
visitor season, and where primary activity sought is
not camping. If primary purpose is for lodging on a
scenic trip, or a stop on a fishing tour, the campground

may be more intensely developed.

The units have table, fireplace, and tent area. Density
of campground is average to high. Garbage facilities
and comfort stations are provided. Electricity and water
stations may be provided at comfort stations. Spacing

 

2"Soil Conservation Service, 0. S.Dept. of Agriculture;
Recreation Memorandum - 3 ,Supplanent 3; Washington, D. 6.;
April 23,1564; pp. l-Z. .

210. S .Dept. of the Interior; National Park Service
Nanbook; "Special Park Uses; Campground Planning"; pp. 1-5.

 

 

 

 

I
o ¢ - I v ..‘ I" '- _ .t I
'.' ' o I ' ‘ v. -'| I D _ y . -‘ Io r‘ q
' ..' — A .. .‘---, z.\ .1- u. ' )\ 'o 0‘] l-J. J ' . 'u ‘ .4‘.‘4 “‘-& ' — u) . ‘. ‘.': -L ..’ "- -‘
._ ‘- v v '.‘ \ - ' I; . x . ‘ 1 ‘_ I‘. _‘ r g. '_” I. I». f. n
._E 1 '.r.‘ - .' "‘V ..‘.“.K .v qu ‘ “..', .‘ I.r ...! ..’ '9. r ’ 0; _‘., I‘y. J \.. ‘5... .'..
. I .~. . ‘ .-, ¢ . , .7
'. .,,.. . '- --. .,_‘,.,._<,.. I ..r . _,,AI.I_._I I v : '.’ I
: Iv'-_"‘ n/ .( .- o'.‘ -P".‘ L'I.’ . --....».'.;.J...'-‘. J .
III!- p~ -0-.- .- --.. or. '...: -~.- . o-. ..'-v —-<- —-.-.~<—r‘ .- ‘.‘-v-Io
. o , . I. \ n -- ~\ . a ., I - O . ‘ ‘ '.‘ I -
-'-. V .n ‘3 ~ ". - "~. - - . D‘- . v‘ . '. I . g ...' '.‘ :-—. .. .- -. .-I . ..’. I. i 1 '.
. ‘0‘ - - . ‘, V1"): ’.‘” u L“. J .L -‘. fx 55—5 K'- ' u: - '.I '~ I ‘- ‘.‘ - o"-~‘—.. J ...»; ‘ I ' "3 ...-J ‘."J u‘ : ' § 3 '.‘. V J o ‘ u
o- - u u ' . . ‘ f O . l n . o .
' . 4.. I ‘ ' ," Y‘ " ‘ " . —‘ ‘ ‘-; '..‘I’.’ l‘ ' ' " ; ”‘ . ’V ‘I‘, .'...;
u...‘ u r-- \."‘ :..'.J L).'. ‘1. TV . T.’ 1-“.-. x; _’ fl. .n ‘.’»,'i" L’J_ .,‘1.I_.‘_ J. ..'JJ ..‘., . ..' ,‘_t . I_’ J. . ,
Q .1 ..
' " ' ' ‘ n ' ‘ ‘.‘ 1 » " V ‘ “I ~ ' " " ' "“1 "\ 1' " 3 'fi .-" ' \ I. . V! ' - u‘ I ‘.' i
I ..-'.LJ-n. ' uf.’ H [AJHJ _ )\,..._.;\.-.'1 .'(J.‘ u... ..'.: “we“ l_-.-;, r ..'h‘__-.‘.
< '. , ¢ ( . _
u ' I o a - o:
" .'v . l. '."I .-., 'r(: ‘..."‘J"' {in -§’. '.‘I‘-;' y, ‘ o- "f, [pncf-vl. ‘. I- .3. I
i 4' '.. 't‘ " I‘... a 5 -)‘-~’ .3 IA ' ”.54- 5' -- '.‘.t ‘j-J- -. .-.ld.‘ ‘J Inch"! .$‘...I'L-
. - , s . -. I.‘
' " ' “ I. r- ‘ ’ 3"".3 " " ,"'-'a"'T '...”? - "' ‘.' l? I -' "‘\'.‘
"‘(. .... .‘- '-~ d. M: .z.‘).‘n‘~) '.. ’.' “l o. ' ‘.' .‘.." I .' -L- "J " {Ina ‘_ cu“ (1- .-/' ' . ~») ..‘ - ..-
. ~ I‘.| v. . ' ‘ " ' f' . .§
. _. . , . . ‘. ‘ I. . I .,,- u. '-.'" , ..' _ .‘. .. __ -. .. , , _... -_ J-
$417.1. ... .Jfi'i. ":‘_.-...,j........ ..‘I ..z...’..‘-. 1231,11; c--. 4.19.34“ -.1. .J .. L9
. u _ . o ,‘ , . , . |
IA. . I . . - . _ , I . _I ‘ ’.. ... .. . I . . . .\ ’1 . . _.. ‘ .' _-
--.f."'« L’; ‘.:.v_».1.‘L! .’.}."L ‘..'.;.[.;.U n ...... _.fize. u‘hlu C‘J ..‘I'Jt' 8.... .’..quJ
.‘ I
'-‘ r \ ~ .
' \ ~ o -, . n 9 . . . -- ~ 0 .\ I t . ‘ .
. g 43-53 I.‘k., '.'}-.hL-J‘ '."\"°"\ N L]
.- war ' "' "' "*‘l: \.“"’n -.-"-; w: nr‘ g. nv ' 'c " ‘.’wr-V' .'-1-.3--4r-.'
.'-‘L‘..;'~,.v.:v ."-' 4h.) ‘,;¢1._. '- “-3-'..‘..'..':p.. r.‘.>.l..-,r.. "' .1. ..’-‘.’.LVJnsli. 11-.....2 .LIJ'J‘..J “.n.‘
- u
, _ n . on V - u . ~ ., ,
3 .f‘ V' ’ .. -..' V ‘1 0' " .i .'." i ‘ ' _' 3?‘ ‘ '.‘ f) ,‘l.[ ”k I 1"3- I F.‘ I' v‘. V'vu'. ' f f‘ l "‘ s' '_
..‘-..‘, ..’ \l ‘.'-r .4 ...k‘ « IA: ‘»‘-l~ . m.“ ‘.r! ' . o‘-‘ ‘~‘-- " ‘.' ‘fi..‘v« -l 0) lo'- ..‘ I. J .‘..| I»-
v . . I- ‘t.
I a - v v- . ' , - I '. . Q .‘ l " c ‘1 ‘ 0 ‘~ g .- ..' '3
1“" ‘ .: ’ ‘-:" 3 -' 5" \a- ~' - ‘ ‘I -. ‘l5’ \ ‘.'ss ‘ 5 iAn-lg‘. ‘ ‘ ‘1.) a. .‘R {JV -
Up I
I . » ~’ . i g- . u
‘ I I. .- 2. —. , .’ - . _._ . I . . . .‘ ‘ , '.‘ ' '.. - - , ' q .’. r: . - , r ‘. . '~ I
.'J .‘ ..‘-l) ‘1‘}. ...! !; ‘.‘-.‘br. ‘. ‘!-!»-.-- ."J‘ S I\¢,’..n-é4.éU~-) :r 1.1-! '...{"& 5‘4. '; '.‘ In-)
‘ I I_' ‘ n L; I. A
‘ ‘ ! o n O M '. c- .>
-‘- I" ' “i - . ‘~ -. - M «, x n -. -" ~ - r '- .. . ‘ _ "- ' -I .I- . . I .‘. n
| ..‘J-Ii7(3~—£‘.: ‘.{3‘ :'l~) i) ‘.‘..3, (it‘s; .ur'll.t.‘1x.\‘.}~l 1‘...‘ll: {o E Iii; -..‘_r..‘.‘j A;
'_ l " ' ' n ' 7‘ . ‘ ‘ ‘ t 5 " I
‘ y u. ' .‘ n u. ,. . -¥~ .“ (- vs I . g. ‘- .. r. (s . ‘.-. Q' ' n .. . . .
- ’V" ..’... s .b- :-1.-§"'Jk ‘f‘ a..’ ‘14:.Q.4~'L‘ .\ _ H o r '. --.‘:‘ .L’.‘4'., ..‘-.cnu «LL, .'Jr; -.rJn
. ‘ - . v r v ‘
- 4 ‘ t .u w . . -~- ~ .- Cl‘ r< v . . . .- ‘ -
‘i—u‘. :Lflj' .3 --I- '3". ‘.‘ .,,-'. ‘v'l- ...’“ ' ‘.'M EJ‘r-If:() —L' . ...‘:J“ ‘NO‘54 ‘4‘1~‘2 '1' I}: -.‘-l I‘- n
‘0 I ‘ Q
. .‘ . c A: . p ‘4 ~- -. I u I. . -. V l - . . - . '
..'.r '...{1'1 J...)'Jt' .'...xtlL‘J I_‘. 5.? .’J (.‘(. r. ‘1.‘J:J(."J .l'ol ‘I.J ..‘.),- ‘..)
b , a I .. g
I ‘ ‘ I u ‘ rfi- ,~ . - J. l: .. at". ;' .'. . , . .' .‘. ,.
la.’ .‘l.'._ at". o .'_:.’.‘v ).-: J}! ‘.-.lln .‘. - ’1 " ...ILJ‘T. {...-Cu; ‘ !J"\Jl‘:a~.‘ f. ..l'u-l 1...} \'
t I r . ‘ .s ' , ‘ r r- ,1“ .1 ‘- .1 u' “ ' f ' l " " 'MI’ '.‘ l' ‘- -- 1 2‘ J ‘ ‘ ~. - vs 0 '7
.' 31“} o‘,"'.""" ,v {-'. _ui‘J. ‘.';J- "3 ’a\,'-f ...-J ' 'b.-..me.‘...‘u‘g .' . 0;."‘--.‘{' '.'!J div-J
- . 2.

5:. ,. _ . . I .- .- .-., .»_ I. ‘, ‘7' .I
‘«’~—J7-.'-'.__I ‘ J.£_\.-A , -...J { -'.}r'lJJ I-IL.r--.J.'kl'_...a. T; 1J0 'EL

3 I
. ' ' A -;.. 5 ._oI,._. ' .- —
. gutti- <.»I:zy.rr' t, {15; an.“ 23.. .—~.: Juli. .m ‘i

\‘J '1 ’ ' , 'I ['1 'I 'I' n ;‘ ff. 9“ u‘ 'v T. ‘ .1 :I.‘ rf’rc '1 ,' ' 01H ' F O. ‘.. '. t; by .‘.:ll'
.‘-. - (I‘m . . . ... . _ .) ..‘ L ~11“: _-_a{z 1.) C ’: .,_. : ' .53. ... ‘ “0” .1‘3" .3 '4’ .,IS; ('.-; ..94 ..‘: .‘r
I I‘ ' ' \ ‘- . ‘ v 1 I’ n- 9 P .‘
I . ‘ ., v r 2" - ' -.' -‘ . ' r 'f '- r ,‘r'; '~.
. I_'J.I.-‘.¢..';¢- _- 3:"- Fr; .3.. -’.-t (DJ .‘. I.I:-J. “J 5 a"-.. I.“.|"(JJ.,I*II' :..J J.C
' " ’~ .- .- I‘ "' " ‘t' I 9‘ ' l‘1-"\ ' D‘ :3 ‘I‘ ' 'l\""'. I: “ t‘ -‘ r' :4 7‘“ ‘ " "' Z' r. -v' ' n
-.' 7~..A..A.- .':"v ‘- ”.’.-“..'. .\.a-«--'J.v 92- «....A'Jn ..'v u! ..'.-D d A(L«-l .'J‘JCZ J -'.(J‘uLLr-(J-J {I‘LL-‘1
\. . ..

_ , . I. ... ~ 15.

. .. ._ .u .,I .! _.I . .x. I . J '4 , I -. I_J ,, -. ‘.‘.-\ _I'o
1 o c.216~'..J£ JO .3 -.-.<:.~.'. 03' J23 ?,'.i....V0.UIt LJU ‘1‘”)! « £f.‘(.‘-.L-a F1- .‘.

'.‘-H! a..- M-uv ...-..‘».- .1- ..‘--...-O-ho-‘Cfin‘ 'U.

. _‘ . .‘. I. r. . .' . '.‘ 5‘ ., —I ..r, 't.‘ .'V_' U .rv‘ .- T ‘.'-mu . Z t ‘ 4 "tot ‘rv r.” {In l .s'( r Iii.)-
.‘ —' -. x. ...'-l ’H‘l'- - ' ' - o. ‘J J \ I... '.. ..' I“! n. .4 \ -.. i ‘ . Jt‘.) .l P. |' .-n.‘ ‘j-) ‘ I u . r .
( ._. O . ‘ o ‘
n ' ,‘I .‘ u: . ,‘ , ’.. ’. ... . 'I,‘ «1”. I . t ‘I '.‘ £""';'\l" ‘— .' ..', _- ... ‘.- .._ .'. ’-‘ - '1 r' .‘.
( .\ ' . \ (La‘TJJ, \.1-‘.11i'} '-I-'. ‘E. an 1‘21 ’1_'. '-'.~Jt.('.- ~ .'. .J ..‘ ‘73. " 1’ IA\‘.'.'..J".’.‘-"J ..' _- ‘
. ‘ ' ' -.-..--u—a.., -..‘. g o. u . x - ...» a- a. M... o ..
..'5 - .4 ;' ,. r . :
A .‘ 5. ._ , _ : II ""1 .
.‘.-.L .¢ (I ‘..‘_.Ig-.-~ '5‘. d__. .‘ .._
r .‘s
.- ' _. - I - o . - ~ ~ . - ‘
".' \»f' ,. ' ’ l-w --~«-(; ~ "-yu 3" -. U-:.--p ‘.‘, ‘. l'.’ . . of .‘.. .'.- ‘ ‘-.L.',
- “--v -- -‘ ‘ -’1----" -’.A‘-J‘J‘.-'—’3~’IJ ‘ .‘in‘rLJ. -dr.'-. 13,-2.1 ..'..' 0.] .r ' 0 r0"!
u v u- . V - v
' C ‘ "" '\ " '. ‘. o -.- -. - J " .',..,. ' . ..‘...l ' , . _
I. ‘ .I I r . '. . O .‘ I h v .u v . .- . o . r '_ ..
. ‘- -'- . 1:." ‘ y .‘. .' ‘J 1‘ “-'-r. ‘ :W" r-hu.’ —'-‘. l ‘.“o‘ ‘ Lo 2 '~.K.' . ‘\ -. :1; ..‘. '.5...‘ ~':.,~' ‘.. J ‘ “9“. ‘-' 1 \ '.‘ .r.

 

 

97

is about 95 feet to 105 feet along centerline.22

California Public Outdoor Recreation Plan: Group

camping facility - 5 acres for 50 persons for short
periods of time. The 5 acres include sanitary, water and
basic cooking facilities, Open space for bedding or
tents, and space for 25 automobiles.

Organizational camping facility - 5 acres for 100
persons. The 5 acres include develOped permanent
facilities and structures for eating an? sleeping.
Parking space for a minimum of 50 cars. 3

Every year more peeple are using and enjoying the
national Forests and National Grasslands, 186 million
acres of the Nation's magnificent outdoors. Camping
visits new number nearly 12 million a year (visits for
all recreational purposes total 102 million). Since
campers stay an average of 2% days, their visits add
up to an annual use of these lands of about 28% million
camper-days.

Camping visits now exceed by almost 9 million those
recorded the year after World War II and represent an
unforeseen, almost unbelievable increase over the 1%
million in 1924, the first year the Forest Servgze
counted camping visits to the National Forests.

.A picnic table and a fireplace is the center of attention for
'people visiting a recreation area. Taking food together was

enjoyed by 571 of our population in 1965. Picnicking is the

 

22Bureau of Land Management, U.S.Dept. of the Interior;
Recreation Development Handbook; Washington, D.C.

23California Public Outdoor Recreation Plan Committee;
California Public Outdoor Recreation Plan, Part I;; Sacramento,
California; 1960; p. 84. ~

24U.S.Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service; Camping;
Washington, D.C.; U.S.Government Printing Office, 1962.

 

I: { V
\ -.
I
' A . I I -' h' _ 1 I , -. .' ’v ‘- - -' .-.. t
'.H“ _' ._,. “i,l.\ ‘ . ’b‘ .. ‘ .4 . J. ‘.. ‘-’. ‘.“| -.l .»‘-'- ‘.— . o-I I-.(‘ ..‘--
‘ ' g _ . , e -y ' I II '- . . '. a. - a f-
1 u . ‘ 9 :IJHb-. i (...-...;.~ J .‘.‘J .'A‘ “.v-)).‘-,.- ‘.'.l...L" j' .'--l 3 -"'- . . '
...-‘V ' ,, . .‘.. . , I' 3 . ‘. ,_ . .’. .‘. a ' ~ '.‘. I. ..- -. p . _ . ,
J -n- :1 1': -. k. -5. t‘. Hg. .'.. -. ‘3" 4k. -3. u ~-- .."1 L. - {..‘ -'.)... ..’ o.‘. , .‘..J a.)
' ' ' . v ' ‘ e" ‘ -' ' , ' .
. ‘ ~ . . - I-' ,‘c‘ '- . . 3' ' a . . . '.‘ .
z 0.! .~ \sg ’ 0 < u h u-‘lv'..- .4 J“.-.‘ ‘ .'. "-"J I}. - .1. -" .- .‘. on“ -«\1 \0" -~ - '
-
' . . U ‘ . I .
en ~~ I I -v r ‘ . ,a . ¢I. .— . '4} 1 .a ‘ e I " ."~
. u I"IU..' I JLI -»\.- ..a‘. ;.-" c. “J (' ‘-. -'.a.'.[-3 .o.-. I IJ..44{.‘ ‘4 J. .’. A!
_ p \
. 3 . _ . J“ . v . 's 4‘ I‘
. t‘.'. .' 4. - (a t. .4 A} ‘..-x -.‘ .- fJ " t .'\ La ' ! as ( L .2 ‘ d
‘. a ‘ . e I. a. a. . 3
' a 4 . ‘ l\ . I st ‘0 ‘ 0’- v: s
I ' ‘. J. -‘ c J- I :r‘ ’... - ‘...-J. _.--‘1! - . ' .« ‘;’ I'.‘ 0‘ it"sl - u“ \IJ s. ‘ . k
, . . - . . I -- ‘ . . 7 .. H a. - ,.
. '- .. )' -' '3’ I ' -' 4 ‘.‘H ‘1._‘.\: .. b. '4» I) L, '..}!J. .-'.:.“~J~.s.
. ' i '\ . - 'e -‘ P l' '. t - 0 " - . f \ I. . ‘.‘ ‘1‘ . p. -
C 3.-. I --- -' J, “ ' l,“A— -- A I . \i-‘ ..' ...' 's‘v".j-J- 1%: “-1-”, (t- '...‘J J.-lr;a‘.
‘I-- . . . "..‘ '- I .. : . . . r. a t I -s r . ..‘.. _.x s
.\A . . ' .1‘- - .’ M ' ..‘ ‘.‘. .' .J .s - ‘ n ."_ ... ,‘LJ-.~a...'s
‘. . ', _ -. . -’. ‘ I , -. . '... . ,. . - v '
.- 1;- ’LJ ‘7'} ' ahr- .‘.-..U 3’) 'w -. C. ’. -'.-(.. . ..’ '..J.‘
c g .. l. \
. '_ \. t I I'- ' I. '\ . fa ; . I ‘0 " I ”a. , .- -" ‘.,' " 0. "-l ..’.. 4 ~. '.‘. ‘ |.. - r. ‘: ‘D T
.'..“ -i-.'.-s..- . (.".'.. .(u «.'(.un-'.u-..¢L - -L‘.‘|s(.‘_‘.-“n‘ Lfs.’ (..--r”, .m" _-. -:,p~s.‘(‘_......f..
. r ..' '.." '1 " ~ 0 '3 . ; ‘ - v ~ .\ ', ..' ‘ -.-,'\II ,2. '. f. a *"s‘- 's
’..:. . ‘1 ~.'- . L. V’ (‘(.. .5 ’5“! J“ u'l'i../ -',‘b. .'.J- . 0 1:0" d As.‘ \,".‘~* . ‘.‘ .'.-..’ -‘.‘c'I.-|
... . . .‘V' s. ' ’.’ ,. I. ._- . .. ... -- . .4. i. . ‘I .. .‘t' . . J, ..' . ‘I -- I . ' .3.
. 5 ..‘..L. '...-n .. // ..-..- '.‘ Lo 1:1.:--...J.-!. .... L--.L.'~..- .‘ .’.. '4. Nu. r ~.’n (..’. «r -'- x
l
I ' .' . ~' . .~ 1 I ' r d [ ...’ - u U ‘ '. a
I 1‘ .' . - I - . ' !.- -' -, - D \g ,- 0 a.; - g _.-
I'v'l.:.. ‘. O ‘\’1C...L.& J" .-..-'-'. l“Jf)-E l-f'ta‘JEI. 1ft; . ck.‘£-.‘.~l na-u" .. . '..! ‘.-o'
C
s ‘ u . .. - a I. v ‘
'. 0‘- .' '. v" - ‘ ’ 'o- .'I v D . " ~. '.I \'-"“(‘ ‘0'. . .V “~‘-'I ' ' I'.- uI no:
:-',-,I. I'.--.'_. J. u‘ .'.-.~ '5‘.) ‘ Ls .LJ'I’ . -\ .I (J ~T I I' I. ~.' '1 J: ..‘.o) (f gt.) ‘..: $3.1 " 'J.a
' -‘ ..' r- 7 .‘ ': -- .'., Q ' 0.... a. . _ " ' . l‘ ..' . a~" _° r. a \ .‘a
l..(-'.~-'..'.,.i . ‘-.... .‘JJ‘. 1‘! -' £3 (.’.-'I‘VI,L ..’l..'i)..J -'.\) ...’-\st.’ ..'--.a 13!;3) ‘1‘. (u.' (..’,
‘
I“ .’a *l-o, I
. ‘. ...'}- . f-..’
- - I _ . v I v a .
. g. ' v a ’. ~ .. ~. -. "'.4 ‘- I-o ‘ u. ‘. ‘ I a
-.‘-{13‘ us ..-’-.‘t-.'. . 4.13.: .7.” ‘1'! .‘.. Ic'.‘ , '. (..‘-f t..J-..«.....v’ ‘.(1-.x..- 5..-
. '. '1‘ - o l ' ~ -’ . .- . ‘O-O. :»
I. , , o p ’. . s I. I l a v. - a. 9 f . a. ..,I. '
‘13: ”I. I. ‘.. v . 1311)! ...-.. .4. a L ..'. .‘.‘J ... '.l.-’ "I ...‘:5 f."...; '. .‘.l.’ 4.“...LJ4
l ‘ '.. ' O. a
‘ * 1‘ ~ ‘.'s", . .. ’\| . 1‘ . -{ . - -
.'. 3.1...) . 'wU u: ’...:hJ. 'u-’. 5.; 1.0.; . \nlJ” Jz.‘l?--.C (.1‘ ~‘kl-. "(3-0.3.1
: ’ ' ' l" ' ' r w -r '- .. ‘ ~ ‘ . '
.'v: -- I ’I ~ '.I ‘ .- .‘ b 2 :J o:- ‘ ' L " .. _..-J ‘It‘l ‘ " u 5.1. {..‘. ’1 '.‘ as. J. d‘
\l I ‘.‘. -,- ' ,'e~ . ‘ " 3~’ - -' . -' I ': ' ‘ . . '0 V ‘I ’ '
- ..‘.... can, -.(’ ..I .'.l):1§‘-"... i. 9‘. .3 -.'J "-J Isul¢ ‘4... \l ' El..‘ " [_s.‘ L. .. .‘.!"'~_‘
«a \
. ~ ...'-. .;--., . .. ...I. .\ -- .' .‘...g , .. '.‘: I” , ,. *I, .- , '.... l‘
'. ..-..' .is.,~.-.n.- '......v . '..: .-1,’..;:'J.~).J ~;.'..‘..- . .~~)e:.--..-.:_..a. u as.” 1.2.2:..3 Juneau, .
1 . -
, a - .. -- . _-. _ ..:'.l"- I. ’1 .. ' _O, , ..., .’. . I- . ..l. .... ’... ,. ..' ,_ l'
'e; ,7... .373, L, _' i ("3.3. _‘(i1.‘..a.;~..‘. ..'.l«_‘..:.'u‘ ‘.’.(:-’..J’f‘fi_-- ...:.. .'.) I_‘tJJ..J-? d.‘.v _'_;' ‘.‘. 2
\ " . . a f" H I I s . t . . s P ' v ‘
4 ' ’ ‘ 4 s O. r ‘I I ' .' .‘ w. . I...
» A .- r.-. 1.-. . '. 1 ‘-. i . Lt .' u- L59; ..2 “-'.t" (3 ‘I .1 U -.1I .,, \u, 3". L: .9 LU - sa
‘ 9,.
u‘---.-~.“~-_a.‘“-a”.pt ‘----g. - -'o
I . . (..‘.
.s I . -‘ >' - ...' . - I ..‘ .:. ‘. l"'?‘ - - . '. I. .\-.I
c~ \'..-.. xvi-4. a‘d -‘ ...‘! .'e O .M; .41).: "..’ .dc'vljil l-‘r'ui .‘ I 0' ‘.‘,J‘-
u. . .s ..‘ ~ , - . r o; l g. ' a ‘
' ' ': . ‘ I. . ' 0 ' " s v u. ‘ ' "v ‘ ’ 0‘
O“ .\‘- ca-.(. ..', .::-'.s..L.P\‘.' ‘- .’- f “ l \ -.’ -" '( I - "f—"l- - (‘... .J R
‘ --.~ 0 ~r set U -- v-o-o- .4- . cue. ..-- . 6| 9 -..-... .. ...‘ v 0
II' !
. , - 1 .. .... I-._ ,. rn- ‘...-W 31?- ..';u'
t wa'J-l- ‘ ‘ ~ 1. .‘. '.'.L-....I...J-2. . -:.(‘l!£-‘.,I." “'-.- NU ;:;.‘.1.:.-.Ca....._!_:_n "
"L c I .‘ - ~ - s -‘ '. -‘- o. f a. ~ .'~ .... u, . -_'. ‘V"."‘|" ’ s ".—. '.'. .- 2 :' rrfl" r. “I . _ _‘7 Y. I _, ..
t ‘. ‘.' ‘..D...‘ ..' -\~: ll i .. J_ _._ ‘4 .’.1'! t ,- ' ,__ ' ‘.".’,r._/ _~;'_,.' “_.1 ' .'.t- I"-o;-)..‘ -.--: -I.‘-—l’.'. “’.‘“: ‘ ‘.. ‘ .1 ‘, I
. --'.... -..... o .- ..‘-.29- Is. ..' 0 —~ .0 us- .- - .... -‘..-.-~o.-.o ...'“. _- I u-o-q-u a. v4.9 ~.— .. - - v " 0""
.‘ i -- s ’ . ?. a g r - - - i.
03": 0": C’ '- ‘-..’. (Cpl: _.U J.-:,.::‘.
| I‘
' ‘ ' . f' ' I " ' I.
O 0 O \n -' - u r . a- -I . . .' .1 ‘ f- _
_ . p , . I. . . _ . n. .- ‘ . y '11” . . v. a ' ..
‘4'. -O-- '."al ——.Q ‘- - I- . . ..‘, ( ' ‘.‘ ”-1" ..‘ h . ‘ f. -' L . -' I: . .. t"
.‘I l ‘.. _ . .. . .l _ . . \ . . - r ti 7 . c ' '
I n I ' . . ‘ I
.5. ..- ‘ 'v". s- o \-}~4—'.J‘a'.. .. n. -'x::-...1 I... \ \:‘.,’. ..‘.J ' .k .\ ‘..‘(Jdg I‘, a 'a ‘

 

 

98
single activity enjoyed by a larger percentage of people than

any other outdoor activity.

Among the population 12 years of age and older, each
person wggt on 2.14 picnics during the 3 month period
in 19 60 e

The pepularity of picnicking is probably due to its simplicity
and universal appeal of food. Picnics require only a brief
period of time. Other than the expenditures in reaching the
picnic site, no additional cash outlay is necessary for this
activity. It is possible to purchase a great variety of
picnicking equipment, but the cost factor will vary with the
personal desire and income level of the participant. Since
picnicking is not physically demanding, it has appeal to all
age groups.

Those who participate in picnicking express apre-

ference for a variety of other activities...These

data also suggest the set of activities which are

appropriate for planners to consider for the day's

outing. Swimming leads the list...bo!ging... water
skiing, camping and horseback riding.

 

25National Recreation Survey. ORRRC Report 19. 1962.
p. 43a

251b14., p. 46.,

a l ' a P Q: ‘ ' ' . v, 4 r v. . .
c_ ‘ r ‘ . I '3‘ " “A " ’ I“‘ ‘ 'l “ ‘ ‘ l ' .
£1 ‘.. -- ... . . “'j J- ‘l , _.‘n -' J.K .. .. [‘.-.:.‘._ 1 ”-3 -. '.‘.l t.‘ . . - "A .O‘J ---.\"-1. .
0": . ‘. "a l' '_ l -- -' ' . '\
. ' -..‘ "J .. o _lntt’il'J—llrti’ '. 3|: 3‘} ‘i‘H
('I " a a
. ., \ - . ~ ., ._ . - -, . - ‘_ . ‘-’~ ' . ‘ -' . -
iJ~r -. ‘ ’-‘- '.‘ ". I f :4 -s‘ we ..'-0‘1 . ‘I ~.-“- .§L‘-e~‘ v‘..- '.’, '- ‘ .’.}- 'a ..
c 'a -
l a a ‘-
.. . a -.' ‘ ‘ v - ‘ yd . a . y ‘ ' ' '~ .' O . ‘.D. t a
i ' -... _. ."L L'.i]J‘_ .|a ‘.. ...; l ., _I - .rq‘.‘ \. J, ‘.' {..' . -. . . :.‘) ':L$.-,", ' \ \‘p‘;:."
~ n
4 . - r ‘
--' l ’.'.
e um _L l...
I
. ‘ - z I N ' - r ‘I F I , . I T I O . V. I I
< ‘. a . . v . ‘ . . ~ ..7 r ‘ - . .- ‘ .' ..
1 ‘-... :. -.’: ' ta ... .. ("1 11., I '2-‘.‘12‘J- (.1- l l--. '~_‘.‘.-v't\'.. l. ...‘. " $‘ '.' .‘- —tw-\J.J' l_4(' .- ‘_._
H k. A V V. o
I
I
‘ O o v a. ‘ . . . > ~‘ g. . .
~. .' '.. w '. ' - .7 . . . “ uv ' ‘ -~ ~ - ' '- N.“ - - 15's- . 5 ‘1 .. .
- 3-. --." I-’ .‘./t: 'k} '.3 -1...>"-’§ ‘ ,d. “-0..- .'.D-~1’..- -- . !_ 1 L’- q»i' A . W ‘ .. f! .'- ‘J .3 .L—' .’.'.-‘ o - n. Y.
. ..-' ". . 5- . , , . '. _.. .... .-‘}. ". i . .l_. 01 '-’ . .‘." ' .a ..'; ' ‘ '.. .
. ' . I -- ‘ . '- ,- . ' '.‘-' .‘. ‘ -' , ‘ "- ' ' ’
'1. ..‘ . 1.-.}.1 ‘ a _ I...lu '-.-3‘ ..’.-rd q] .‘ l .‘..)7,_~.£. ..’.l 1.1 ‘.If.|1\~- .I‘ .14..‘~ ' . ' .- J _.0 L11. .‘. .1.".-

. _ .
" "' " ‘ ~ .‘ ",‘Ia ,‘- .: :‘n r u " a. r J ' ~ r- r.. A H . "' . ' .
‘u-. 10": .‘.L‘-'- i; -K:§(<6T§I.I~J V ‘1' (June ‘Io.i_'..‘3j‘,3 ‘LCTIJD .’. ..’:j‘,’.\4. I. '.'“. (_u.‘ ‘ .’..J."‘ :a‘-‘ 1|... "'

 

.“ “any. '... ...‘... '1",""". ,3. ...‘“ ,3 '....I . ’j ‘ ]' ’.‘ .. ,; “..‘. ._ '3. a] 1:3 1," -. "P
--' ' ‘.‘.) .--‘ _S..9J mo 3:1" .‘.. .J v £I.au‘.-.A' .1. J" ( ..'-.‘1..\a I'. ‘60.}. .JJ. ‘- .'V ‘ .'. . ,. 0
, I . . I ‘ - ’ -.' a Q .r O t
‘ I ' i 5' C
I a

t “ ' , ". ‘ z 3“ r- “. b - ' -'.‘ ' ‘ - a - 1 "v u I I ~ .' ' Q.“ ‘ ‘ p. , V I i, , . ' n ‘ .'
-I\£~sl :3 ‘1. t ‘ o‘ ~-‘f l-‘g-u‘. V .',k": -."’d-'. ..'..(,‘.) :}J.:.\‘ ‘3 e‘d‘ c .« ‘4’. E b. ,, .'.! ') . 2"-,I Q. -.iJH ... 1
e- n ..

 

--‘-—
H
I
a

f.
I
I l
.._
l
f 'f
”3
v1.
r‘i
‘
‘f'
--
a»
.
‘J
h.
L!
C
...‘
D
f.
2‘
r"
\I-
I'.
'5
’.
l‘!
:w
3..
.
.7
I
W.
C
as
‘. .'
.1
'\
k.
,.
~,
U
I‘.
.04
F.
I
Q
i
g
.-
a
e
a:
‘.‘
I
,.
\-
i
‘I

I
. _k p-, - H , . f‘
. ) ‘.‘

I . tl' e ")-., . ..‘—

. 1' a . ‘ a g — .,
. . - . - e . . - N . ~ .‘ . '1
‘ a ’. p- _ ‘.-" l’, .""‘ ,II . .. ‘ ‘.-.-a' .~ .- tlvu (- .- A_ - -
L - ‘ .1. ll' 'd.l— '*‘ J ..‘ ‘.‘-" c .'. ‘. ”‘..-‘-- - - 11". ’.‘ .‘. '.. er .‘. I‘ -. '-"' ‘ u ' 3‘. . ' ‘..pl" '0? —‘~

, r " -v '1. ”.-‘ . .' \ L" g " " '.
' r ‘ I.‘ ‘ ,‘ r ‘ ' 'c "f " "’.‘ " .9“: , ."‘ '1 '. a.‘~" '.
I ‘..: .‘ ’ ~ .‘. O ‘ . Lin.- .'ps’ .9. .’.}. J ‘1 a" .'.-fin“ k] J ‘.. $9.5 --, .'. _ —~-‘ J m -‘-‘ ' -L {..‘. ...‘r—‘I" «I.- c. .l.
n' ‘.'- . A '.. ’. . I

‘r. 1‘: "7' ..' ‘~' '!'| e ' ‘ "'1 _."»"- '“L‘V7~ >, we" 9 'n "-3- r
.'...a AL..‘..: '16 (u-J.-...4.~I.-..-I {I ‘..-J J-‘wu Fj'laJ d\‘c-J.‘u‘=lt1 06.340 L193}

' ’ . 's ' . " ' . -
I a ‘eo‘e ‘ . ‘¢ '_ ' . ' ‘0' " ‘ . -."' '.I ~_‘- 7. fi _ r '.'.V' " q 1 f n . -. 4 .5
K‘ '..": J u nit-A -I. ‘.’..-'3.--.'.) (.‘..4 ('.‘.~,'£.3i.".-_;.\' ...fi‘.. Lara)..." 13...'r‘.'\".o
a J . e

. ‘ t . Y c \ . ' l- . I e
..c . ‘ .. .-.“ -,,. - ...‘. ‘. . -. .. . ..',
-’..IJB‘J' . . .__ li—’..5—f :(’(3. . ‘.h‘j-‘__l E)£I-; 0“,. ..J‘T'J. (.9:ng I."_5_’.,r~" ..‘_.-'.'_‘_.’).'(,l

I I‘ O

‘uda-IO , . . .,e. VP'.'~;."_ ' .u . ., . I t . , ‘ ' 1
Q, :J.L.,.... -L J's-.'i'JKI 1‘. -'L.‘} iltifl I AV.’.r 1"}. J ."I!_'..- -..'t.
4 L! .‘. . ' t
l
i
w- A - -‘ — -eo-a-—-m.—""

 

 

 

99

Special Reguirement Standards:

 

National Park Service: 10 to 15 picnic sites an acre.
Minimum size of 90 to 120 picnic sites an area. Each
table accomgdates 6 to 8 people; 2 to 3 tables per
fireplace.2

Forest Service: Units should be spaced 100 feet apart for
privacy and to prevent overuse of site. A unit
consists of l stove and 1 table.

National Recreation and Park Association: An average of
10.5 tables per acre with l charcoal grill per 5.1
tables. Saturation rate is an overall maximum average
of 220.1 picnickers a day per acre of land.

Motivation to picnic must essentially be social.
Eating in the Open with friends, relatives or office
associates, becomes a convivial experience. Another
positive motive is to enable to visit to the country..

Picnics provide the sustenance function necessary for
other outdoor activities.

Swimming represents a wide variety of activities. The range
is very wide from the quick dipper to the all day sun bather

or the scuba diver who may spend most of the day in the water.

'This indicates that there is a wide variation in the physical

 

27D. S.Dept. of the Interior; National Park Service Handbook;
"Special Park Uses", Washington, D. C.,April 1961; pp. 1-5.

280. S .Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forests mic;
Handbook; "Title 2300-Recreation Management"; p. .6.

29National Recreation and Park.Association; Management Aids
Bulletin No. 4; Outdoor Theaters; M.Foss Narum; Washington, D .C.;

30National Recreation Survey; onnnc Report 19; 1962; p. 46.

 

 

l.
i
C \ I9 1%“: ", r ‘ - s ' D . ' l .
. . v" a o as, ‘ ‘ - " “-y ‘
t-v-v . ‘ o a o o -o I .. .- .' o o I . O o “a .'--n A. .‘It--
a -. - .o..-.~§ 1.. . .‘.~.. 'I . , .-r ' ‘ a: o :T' ' ' I '..." "‘_ Tr '? ”‘.J
0-2’ -...13‘; .’..Co (‘..-..-‘...2 .'.I.".1l.i-." k}. '.'.l ...oJ. ...‘.3. v .. “-.. ..‘.. 3"; .4. ”“0...j"s»
v - 'I ' .‘ u-I . “. t A ‘ ' . t ‘ I 'I .' ' ‘0‘ ..' ."r ' ' :
to s' .1. l ‘4 ’ '4. ~‘ w‘. '4 so an 1' ’p (‘ \)ou-" (1" \l n O ‘i ' ..'--r’ ".' ..'-r.’ "
.‘ . . . _ . ’ =.. -‘ . ...K (I! . a. I .r- — .. [f -- " “ - -~ “ I a l V“ _.r, ! ‘v (0'
-’...1(: ti. -... ..i...-..: s, (.’..l .... ‘ _)_.'- I...‘/‘.. 1‘ U.) '.' c3 .-..3-! 5: ".l.) h) r. ‘ '3
' a
\~'~ .- . g V . ' "
. i.‘&.-.?_ I-.. .'.
‘ ' a 7 ¢ . . . .
. . .-\ -~ gnr . ,p .. 1.. ... .5 . . -r
-.u. .... . .‘.: 4 t I- JV). ;..:3Z,v~..'x;. '.'.‘H HILL-Am. “...-Jul 24-. ._ J-.... .1..,:...1'.~.
.
I a I. ' I
I -'. . ' » ‘- -1- . y n. _ . ‘... . a' . "(. '.' ‘- -‘ L. -'_ n(v'~ PI - -
' .'. -.’JLJ '.. . ..u-J ..'. 0'.- ai (_-‘ “J 5..., .'.- ' 0' t) J l.|~“|‘ J.‘ .1 OJ 0 inf" .J\'..~ -‘-“l
I ‘ C
' i 5 - "' , .. ... I '. ,.,~fi- , . .
n 3‘: .'.C. 133 J. Li) ."3 :3 v ‘..‘4 vi . it u x. u .'. HIM)?
a r I a ' . . a ;‘ I .
A . _.~ .\ . . . -_ . .. a . ' a .3 .'. r . ' - - - _.‘ . s ' - . a v- . . _ . s .a -. .00 -
,w; ._ .3” ...} .L (“35“..(1 ...-..w, . .97‘» :.'.‘....:.'."a.......... J.R‘.”'..-'
' 9 I ' . r _- ' . , ‘ .' s g l‘\{
g _ . . . .. ,. ' _ . . f . o I. 3. '.‘ I
.z. . .. .' ‘.-".j 3.3... ?:a~.'..- -‘ Lint: -.. In. J. x: 3.. -... .‘.. .-.' a! .‘.}.L'.. ...: C... ‘. .
I ' "’ " ['v - “ ; ‘ '1 Y: 'I" 1‘ - ‘- . .I ,. --7' \UN '- t -l --.o ‘t'..l“' I | -‘ ,.-'
..‘. ..-‘..".’.-: .'.-..Vw .- ,.:.-«'-' -.'..Ma it‘. 1') ..'n a.-. _qu). l.t.=.....5‘......:...u. our. .thuJ
. . ‘
W — 3 . . 1 :'. . ‘... . . pr”. ‘.. . _T‘ '- I r a_. [- fl\|\.‘u .._
. :i‘ d .1 ’..I-L 0.. ‘J :I' * :3 ‘-‘ .‘. .(5 .‘V ‘ ‘L' a . J. ' - ~\ I .‘. ‘.a U -. ‘ ‘ J. . \v' .‘.. I.. 0‘ O
._'_s-:.,.,1Lc. .alI .--...I-I....‘.An-!.¢l4 1 ..“4— - --.. a.-.‘...' (-..) lti’-\J.Ja...J\. '
. . c- ‘ . 1. . 'y- .-.' s: .. .’. 1‘. I‘. - .... ..‘ t .‘ '.. ? ..‘-.- ..~' I ‘ .‘ r. _ I. ‘ a".-. I t. .' r .t ~' r.r .
.. a. .3. n"- C‘ .5“ 1.4-9.1}: .n .‘V... -.' a. ‘ ‘.‘)“ ‘1‘ “..a' ct —- ‘1‘}’. 'l .. . (J ‘ ‘.'-J I-.. ‘- ‘.‘-N: '.‘
. -. _I h. I . ' ., . . .__ '.. '. . ' _' , . . ,. .‘fi . ~' as .‘ I . a. Q
’5...:‘-..'-'.-'..-- O-‘JmHJIS‘J .‘3l:'-‘."-:-’ I"JV.'.\."‘-'(..J B t.”““(l~}'"\‘ (d-l-‘J - JU Lib
...‘ . --‘-. 4 urn... -- ._ a”... , -- ~07- ...
. . '_~ .41.... ‘ ’:‘ .'..‘l~-.' (9.: -.'.. 1:; J. t '-o ' I_I.‘ 'II‘JII" \JJ ‘...... . "J .'.-J t- I" f.’ ‘a'l... -..l¢{.'(i
. ’ . ‘. v ‘1 ' -, _ . ~ . __ q n V I' ‘ O. n . ..
' ' 'y * . ‘cw ~ ' , ' l'. . ‘ .~\ .‘.s -' , - ' ' ‘1 '. . n 2‘ O '..: : ' i
‘Ia’a ‘1 ") Ksb:l'.'~.".‘ £-'(,’.‘.s: *- 1n“.h -.-’Otu'lo'-.’§‘ Sal-’..: alt-u 'a’f- J“ J(:'- .r‘ :l-r-‘o r-'»~“ ' .‘.
'33;— v- . . a ' " a '
. __ _...- - ,. a... . .‘ . . _ - ...
. \"‘QAJ- -J:‘-J~ 8 .."(.- ‘b"“,.. .'y"‘-JU
m' [v""'"° w .‘ Q :t’ “ '--':’. "1",! Is ' ‘fl' ‘ "1",‘_. Ft". ~‘- '.‘- '.-- '
', . -’-r... Jesus. .kaw ’.‘-.J .KJ .2-J-Ja1 ...‘,J ‘.... -‘i-..J~ I ‘ \' ..t‘s’ n :t-- ’u. "1...3'.}a ....f'f.
l
|
I
- '-. . a. , . . -‘ ‘ ‘ m r '."5 -.I s- ‘.... '1', .l - 3". . -_ :W ' .. .'. -' , ‘
-9 . .-. 1’.- If-mt. 3)... } -.-'. 8 u 7.3-5: ..- -..."1? , -‘. L" .‘z-JSJJU 53:...) 3 0...; “4-..: '4»! " .'..“ 'I 5.3.
i . 4. .a 5
- ~." to ..'T ' I. '. :~:-~. _\ ...' 1 " .-‘ a 7. -.~,~ -‘ ." '51.; i’?"‘ .._..‘rfu: Ss‘lr: :'\.. ‘ ':-; ..'(
. -..."-. ..’ '. .. a«.\' ‘.t‘. '.‘ 1!] o... in.) .:.Q ..' ..“_.'-'l 1 ‘.!\.I(“l Y'..r!‘ (.‘L.-' u-‘On‘ b - 1-3 \‘(J stillJ --n_ll
-
"‘ 1"~ -‘ " "’ ‘ ' "‘ 4‘ . ' 'I' In 9' ' tn! W . .' - 'n t t ' s" ' " " -"‘ “a' -.‘ n a ' f. o t a .' '.')
..a. ‘J ..'.z'. I. "-131 -).'n ‘.... LI- ‘J(.'.‘« ‘3 .Ja’. .‘. IJV k';'.1..‘ ‘1 0-8. :5 .'.-'.‘!!uJ .5 ..’l . 0:1.) ..'.: ‘.'.1; s,-.‘. ‘.’ J.
' z
I U. ---.-..-‘ ‘---w.».--~- ... ..‘-..vfiofi
~- . . I . n 0‘
o ,. - f -' '.. ,. _ ' v- a -,- .r ‘.'r0 0“ 1". . . -'~_- ‘ 0 ts" '...-“ " o 4 -. . u' .. 4', t. '2 \ .‘
("k- ‘. \!‘-“ I} ~" -'o.- I! ..' ’ ‘.J v‘l .‘. .'.-l .‘. «74.8"- u,-"""‘ ‘Iqwlfi ‘3‘ J:’.L 1‘ 14 uI-\5 .J" a V . ‘.‘. ‘) .
~ .s'w r:---.~ . -;-".... -. '..... ‘
-'~-"'-:. ogk'g cats-.3. ..'..e.-'-~_.1‘¢ak .‘.: (..'ngfflsllhn : t m M.” .3. . -.’-3-, .J:):‘ .
' I . _-.._ _.-.. -. .r', _ .~. '_ '. .... .'. - . , . ,. . I“. ‘, .,, .,, .' _, f _ , R '_;._ ... tul,
'1 -' ~ - ' 4 J‘-" ‘9‘“ [-..-...' U'Jr.‘ ‘.' n-‘-Qn-‘n§ Ja‘. J ‘-J.L!-A..‘.d.3:}-“J.. .J-va 4.0 .H'{"{-.‘ .U
- c a a ‘1- D a ...... D -'- o h ‘
. _.. .- . ‘_‘.. .. .....l -. -'. , .. -._, ~, .I. I f" . ,s {401.0 . ’ .\ ‘ .f| .,, ‘
9.. | .21 ..’;7.3,u..~ -1013.“ . l). (‘...-Jufr. ' .ra ..‘-U‘.H._,_'. LIJ“; mint-(3' 31“.
l ‘ “ '.-.- -‘- . '
.‘ t
' e . . n , I -_ - . .. . , .-
‘ . ... -" 1"? 7‘. ' “ ‘ ‘ — r. .l‘ ".' . . h ’ l"', -‘ 'I ‘ 'l..’ ‘ _' . “00- § .-'. .3
-..~ ..o.‘. ....a -1 ...‘.r'o- - “A‘--.J'.'-‘:-~". NIL. '- c3...'.. y’af‘a ‘J(. :.:l <. JUn'. I .‘.;.d.l(..-..O "l...‘
1. ’. _ . b‘ r. .- -.~0 .I - - | . a . p
s , . - >. ‘ _. ‘ a ’..-,. -¢_. -, '.. a v -. 9‘ ‘ -~ . - H -. ‘ . -. .
‘ . ‘v C .'“c 'J1'\ _ -- ‘--~' ’\-a.' ‘0 ')4 o'- O-"i ”‘.‘?" .. .- . ( \fi-fi .|.- lens A ’-’A I... c“.‘("- ..’) 1% I ;'I"‘ . ‘ul'll ‘.. .E.~:f‘.‘|_-°. ’5':
~. '-€—‘ lat"! , ',a‘. L ‘- i '. '.'.
. l . ,« A ‘.- Ll s- ‘ bid ‘1‘
- . . 5 ., , I .I _ . t‘;.
. ., . u . . p .
.1... -‘ t _ ' : Q n‘ or -- ,-' . .. . '77.. , . , .t .‘ . ...'. I ... . I -Q A ' ’...
0‘...“ I‘. («-~ ‘-... Q xi. J.‘.(..‘; u ‘...“;"w c "_~.~‘-t...J'. ‘.'.U.\...!u-‘JJ...‘ )4~ -Lf‘..z(~'-...c.‘.- .

 

100

exertion required to engage in swimming. The physical
coordination also is varied. A minimum skill is needed to
float, but considerable practice and skill are required to

enter coupetitive racing or diving.

Since swimming requires manipulation of the body,
coordination, and muscular activity, it is possible

to continuously achieve higher and higher skill levels.
Hence, continuius learning is possible through participation

and practice.3
In its simplest form, swimming satisfies a motive for simple
body manipulation. The motive of achievanent and prestige
attaiunent is added when it becomes a competitive sport.
The papulation 12 years of age and older swims approxi-
mately 6.5 times per person a year. These occasions are
chiefly in the sumer, 80 percent of them,...Swiming was
engaged in by 45 percent of thf papulation 12 years and
older during the summer 1960.3
Swiming is a major activity and is functionally related to
camping and pi'cnicking. It must be ranembered that water

available for swimming will be a papular attraction to the site.

Reggirement Standards for Swimming:

California Public Outdoor Recreation Plan and Huran-Clinton
Metropolitan Authority: One effective front foot of

 

31National Recreation Survey. ORRRC Report 19. Washington,
D.C., 1962; p. 21.

321b1d., p. 21.

1:

 

 

——-—. -‘- _-

. --_-_.. -.

 

 

 

I 'A—-
l ‘wv ' I I . - 'I o T v r- . p '3' o. . .’ r . -‘;u _ .
,1, a..r__' ., ‘1‘" .‘ly... ‘. l J J ..' .5. (1-- ..‘. . x_-4 . ..- ..o J. ,‘( _', u I
. 0 h o 0 " O . I . . . ' r ? O o I. u
’.‘ r ’ ‘ . _. .'. . ' _.. . . . ‘7 ‘ _
(..'-i v 1‘4 ,I-f;f¢ 0.0.. ---L- -‘.‘A- - .‘J’ _:.Il..' . - '. O I. ‘-Z -. IJ (--. ‘»‘ *1' A'\n--.‘ *l."_ 1 ‘(_ ‘
W" I . " '.-0' ~ ‘ r. ’ t A ‘ \ z r o ‘..- ‘.‘P. . ’ ‘ . ' I. ‘ I ~ g (T -‘ ..‘ I .
1.. I-‘ '-k—‘C‘S'"~' .~. ._n’.’ ‘.') .‘..I...J.‘(;a -’li:.l -.-1 , u: - ld“.' ‘44. \" ‘.c' I... ‘rlik ~ 6‘ I" ‘9 \' ..‘.
. v . Q ... ‘ v I p ' -. '.- ‘ ..’. . -‘. . . .‘ ~' ‘
0‘ ”.'.VJU ...-.v .,'.J.'..‘.‘..? :3". .:.:J..’1H3..- .a..--9w:
.0 4
r _ .,'. ,---,.z,..s ,, .....-., . ,- - ,__;:
c ”JAM. 4.x“: -401 .'sz ..:' .'..I.-..' nun-”fly ~ .".“--«""- '-‘~-’“——'-‘
’ - l 9 . - . - ‘ U ‘ t- g .
I 'l " V ‘. ." '. ",' ~ 1 0 Lo . . . - - ...‘. .'. .,
J..- .'. ‘o'o: ‘ l .1. «-'. ‘ vi‘.'.. '1 J J M». -~?.c-..JJ--'I4':'. £4.22! ‘31'. ...: 0:..V'. ."(II.- J
...’ .'. .'. '1' _ . ..‘.”: ‘..' _.. r7, .. _. 'l ”’..... >".'-!‘ ‘,.~_:I,.l,., {.g‘ ( ,‘ ' -'.
.(.I.‘-.~‘V n'. ‘.-§p.ol"l "HI-J‘I-“H :v|A|-’ I‘I".;k’l-‘ J- -. b~.‘—~‘ -. ... (...'... k -'I .‘..J.' l.‘ ..-‘
~'- . -:'r.. - . ' "'0 ('- n -', - : '“' : f... ‘3 . ’ . p I- '{f - .'_' .‘.‘l 9 ~ -' '.'," ‘ " ‘ ., _.. 1.. . ".'..
I)(._'_. ~4 .-'- ‘ ‘l-r‘.\f nu I'l' e " ""‘-' uni" b‘ -.-’_'. '.‘: _' ‘.0<-‘ '; ‘I... ‘.., 4"“ ‘fl —'. 3., ; IJ." .’.. I_‘-.'. .311“. ud‘ c \ v -o . J” .‘~‘
.- 4 I. ' -'.,. .‘ _ : '- .‘..
."Kl‘o‘-Q.W}JJI-M ‘.‘J.’
n
r v ' , o- - o ‘ _ ‘ n v ‘ _ i o . .9
. V .' ‘ . .‘ . .I .. ‘ fi v. . . .u ‘ . I ~ . ', ‘lrl . .. '.. . ' ‘.. ..‘, ‘
-v;.ll.“. -1.\a —s"-1. I'/_'.u‘..)-‘3 "? J: ‘J.—‘ (4.. ‘.'IGJ . ...‘- § J<--'~.. “I ‘ ‘ J.‘_, .614- "‘-."~ .-na ‘..-.~ "3
. ‘ , . H - l p u _‘ I . . .'." ' o .1 u . n, ' . ~ :
‘ ‘ ‘ . "‘ '.‘ ‘ "I r' , ‘ ‘ I "" -' " k" ' , ' . " ‘ ‘ U .
.'.V. ‘11.. .tr‘ l'ilia J14 3-lb.}v~}.a.!.;m'.l .‘.L' LIV—'.‘ f'u‘ 133.3. .oa‘..'d'».-ae.v.'.«.."t . ..'.»: . \l 1 I]
0'~o. ‘ ‘ . " i ' .'. ‘0 ‘ ' A ; '1 ‘ —\ ‘.' ... ..' ‘ (q 7 - '0 - P” .C -. f
.s, J.‘."x\o .: .’- .’.'~.~I u .' "'~,' 0) {a '..: t. 'k' J.) u; '1 ‘ h l ' 'a‘ §I¢ .'..‘ ...' o . X‘ol -‘ .'.
_ ‘ ‘ ‘ --- I ‘ f" " ‘ I‘ ‘Q
' ' - I u' " ‘ , '\ ' ' . '. 'm. - f0 '3 4 ..'. ~ ‘. ' _ ' g_- f, ‘ \ ..
J-fihk .‘.. II . “J u‘ \l ‘ o- ~L"‘ :‘Il‘v, ' " .’ 0 '~. ‘0 _..?! ' ‘l ---A :‘(JI-Q-l I '..., " ‘ ‘ 'v 4":-

¢

.1..') u:.‘,.,.,;,.:.' ...‘! .16” ‘.-; ..lL‘.i'\ r; li‘l¢g..{t‘_'. .L.,$‘ u..,.:.'_..J ‘.‘-1‘ .:_,-f..

.
. 9. - f - - ‘ ' . _. > " '- - -' '.' ~ .. i. I a .- .— O'- - .- - ‘ ..' I ‘
‘...; I l ‘ ‘.2. ‘Al -I 1.": ' ‘ . . ‘ .' “"311“ .-'} d'il‘fft.‘ -.-,"- Sl’k' ‘ .L: '11."!1". I... '.’ 11“. x-t .' :!."J.';)
3' 1| ‘ . ' _Q " . ‘ 'I ' - 1 _
-~'~ ~' --- -. 'I -.~. --~ -..-' ‘.’ ‘ pig". . v - _- ~ ‘ 4-
:. A»: u .:.l ...‘, .‘-.'. L1}; .r7‘4!.k1}',()'r' .‘.A 3 . \‘ ..‘l- J-.-.t-'~‘. {..‘M ' “H a.-.:. bag F! .‘J:.’
~ c d ’n‘ 4., j . J ‘
..z‘ '. ' ’ . . , , (-,, .. , . -“ ... . ' ‘ ,..
'.‘) ',.-’. -\::v'-'.‘ .’. If‘: mfio‘»; I:a"§.' --!-"” as.‘ .x J. K,
; .,-,- "..,,. ..‘. ,. '_ ' ., '.. ' ,---., . ..‘:"n . .'. . - . .'
l. .4 g . . 0")-L- I a. ‘3' ..‘... -. ti‘_.‘.O--v' ~-'.-‘L:J. ‘~-.. ‘ 'l‘nh‘ \J-fi- \ -.-’ t.’ . ¢I(J L: 1‘ ' ‘) ‘... ' {.‘."' ' -‘
\ _.
‘ . _ ' ' ' .. ' o- v- .
.,, - -' '. ¢ . ‘ '. r n] ""5 ‘ .,_.( .-.', ...‘ u . I_’ -.. C‘I'l-I j-z . .. ‘.. ’-. .Y.‘ ” 'A 7 T. _. . v ., ’0 '
.Jk ' I. . ... a‘L‘l. 3 ‘5 ..'.... .1? '. .. ‘.I J. .I I . L- .’..x . .. .K;.. .Aw'.|.1.~-...s,'l A. J-4.) ‘. ‘J.'.‘- 'A a».
‘ " 0

a

. a u A .. .
-‘ . . . .-- .- . -\ -\ s- - .‘, '-- u a .- o . . ' ,- .‘ 1 .' ~ -‘ '~ "-' "' . ’ ’ o- : ‘
o «‘-‘ c. .‘uu {‘.J ”('J 51144343 ASH-""3““ 0.! i1" ..LJ..-~. -' g',’-‘~-."J- .'. a -'.(x ..‘. . J.‘.tF'-.J..L'.. [h

o u . _ - _ ,
.u. .- g . ..‘..~ . g . . , .,. . . .. g . ' } .... -' o‘ a .. ... f .
2. §.=.A"4-".'.‘~" J.‘.'.J. ‘l:“»‘:'.". “rd-"l .'f‘." '32-.J-LH'.’
..m‘. - “M Os- -.- ..‘. .--~'~u.' shove. ....- .vsfi ..‘.. '-..-.. ‘.-.- -'
‘ , — t- .- . Y' r '. v _. ‘ _ “‘- 0 . I ' | o '. a v .’
I_v~ M. v.' ~ ..'“. . -. . UN ~.,__ ...- , ...'...,I N ‘. .. .-.. . , .
._-e .-.‘ 1:... "n .- .. .'.J.‘ 1L... £5.13. .. uk .- ..I .::J I.) H .u'H_'uJ.. «U 1:..-[Uh 4. 8;,“ ....(_t.’..-....'.\
‘.. .‘ ',.' "' . . ' I“ .'~ r)“ .' t a \ ‘- . - r' 'f I Q ' ‘ '.." '? - . > - ' '.I ' "' 'l : r '3 ' ‘P -I
n"‘ d',,‘t.-.-. .‘u€‘« -‘ -‘. "V—‘ c) ‘.’-to! -.'-40., J.‘1‘I"— I .‘s." ul ‘.‘.11J\le-. A fo-‘h'\!vhu.l‘1‘.‘[} «J,

”u. ’.‘:w.- ”-..-..'.0- -‘.-O -..-...Avo

. _ ‘ l'.‘
.‘i'; .5} J ' ‘) * L i.‘l.1“").l ‘ .‘ '11,} 5 "'Yr I} . ’lnf-Lf‘l "‘f"‘ .. I ‘I Q " I‘-- .L:.-
(‘.‘ -| ' 'kl' . " ‘ ,:."" ‘.'-.'. " . ' O -' ~'~ ‘ ‘~-‘~u ~- Q‘J“r' B‘?‘..-LUI‘IUJ

\-

‘ [T .‘. ‘ \

'I‘.I'r t.
‘I

.’. ‘l..l .‘ ‘.\i."

101

shoreline is defined as comprising one lineal foot of
beach with a lOO-foot wide band of water suitable for
swimming. It has a ZOO-foot strip of beach for sun-
bathing and play, and a 100-foot wide buffer zone for
utilities and picnicking. Where all attendance is by
automobile, an additional 265 foot strip is needed
for parking. Ten effective front feet will provide
space for 2033ersons at any time and provide space to
park 5 cars.

D. W. Donelin: The slope of the beach above the water should
not be greater than 2 percent for control and erosion.
The beach should extend well into the lake at a desirable
grade, so as to effectively dissipate wave action. The
slope below water level should be within a 3 to 10 percent
grade and extend far enough to allow sufficient depth
for swimming. The sand beach should extend at least to
the six foot contour of the lake bottom. The depth of
the sand fill should be at least a foot deep.34' '
The lake bottom may be undesirable for recreational use owing
to the presence of undesirable sediments or peat. This factor
alone is one of the most frequent obstacles to overcome in beach
‘development in the northern portion of the United States. It is
generally thought, that where feasible, the unstable foundation
material should be removed and replaced with a desirable sand
fill. This eliminates many of the problens that result from

sand mixing with foundation materials. Though this 1. the most

 

33Cs11fornis Public Outdoor Recreation Plan Committee.
glifornia Public Outdogr Recreation Plan, Part II. pp. 48, 84.

35D. W. Donelin; Recreational Development Within‘ghngri-
County Region. 1967. p. 106.

_ , _ I. I. ' . - r . ‘ 1’ - . o . J r.
—-() '1‘. t- o a: A '.‘ ~~"-- l ' ' ‘.. L‘ l‘- e v . (..‘ ’ ‘ ‘t I ~’ 14— - ‘ e . st "Ip' .4 1' J‘ v . '- s
. ’ ..'.-s-2 7 J -. 'asl '\ ‘ ' ':: I O ". ‘ ' h. ' '- t-" “ ‘2" t" '.'
.'\\'s. .1..,(Vl I...’_4v. -5 ‘-‘ . .‘ ..‘ ‘ ‘s. I f v J ‘1‘ \ I"'.'- '.’ i—‘J- s -~w“ "'
- s ‘ . . .1 o a
v' o- s o. I _.1 s “ ' ‘ '- ' " (Q ._,! . ‘. ‘I"
...-”2. . "-L .0 ‘(. — \J ’.... .‘s‘ts ."- t‘-' --"4 3 d‘l‘fl In- .‘ [1' k“ J“"
.
l - i' . ‘ '
'.’ . ' . n V"‘ ‘ .\ V I . f .
..' -. ' ‘k'n .‘. . Jun. “'.. - :‘.. .. c *1. " '- -... 'n ’1‘.” Q ..‘L": 5 ‘ ' . .'—":" 'J‘t
' I ‘7 x s .. u. -' r' I ' §‘ u q. ‘ . ,~ .'.. .. ’-. .- .‘.I .
_ ‘t 'x..‘ .‘ . 7s ‘4.' Jo ‘ _L-.'~r - .-. .L {‘...-'1 J41.“ .. ' lab Pa.l_.-’-"..b.. ..’-4
‘. '. . . W ’ V O .
' " " l . "f '.a - a" ‘ ‘ I $Y III
.. . ' . , _ r o
. Ly' ..‘ci (...‘. ..‘ ‘JQ. ..‘:( I -- ‘_ . .. 3:3! .Ll.3:.“y s)»: ( '... ~\( yg-Jge
' . .. -. .. . 2 w ' .‘. ..'. - .
- .3 .. ‘Jk -.- 3...- .. l .1 _. . -s .. n ‘.' .-.. . - s ..- ' .-- .: -’ t. .u . ._JAJ... '... ‘l . ..v.
. . . . ' , ' -. 1‘
- '.. a g ,_- .. < o y F ' . fl . . ' re. _-' .‘ p -‘ - ’ ' ~ . ' I' I a ‘ g n
I ‘..-.1 Jz’ " L.- ..‘ '1. \'(« .'.." 'n"a{0 ’.‘ ...! E .0 .11) ‘."|\.";— . 51‘.~\a. - .s'- - . } .C
I I
‘ C
I y" . H"‘I ' . t .
, .4'- . .- a on .. 1..
I
1
. . . . _ ~. . I
i '- .h ' ' w “0* .n f . p. - .jp- .. - r, ,, --'.'i » ‘._-. :IV _.‘ - . ’... '_ - ‘~
. VAL-..'.! l4.” .' :‘Jn‘f. .v‘ No .1» LQ'.: A.-.3.~. -.u s ... );.: -‘,\' '. .h‘-.. L. .'.2.‘. .IL. ..', .;() _. . '. ’ .

 

I i r I . . u ‘ .y ; I, . ‘ .‘.
r-I' ‘r ,v‘. ' . v ' V'- ‘ \' "’ ' r ' , ..' ‘ ‘ ‘.. I . " ‘ '
".'Kgxn-._ .‘ ..'v .1 ;.s -Jss_4. 11-: K-Jl‘-‘ -‘.—..‘)1: a.(a.“..s' W .--..-'-“- 3a 1‘». .1 -(J .‘4 --
s~ - ‘I v . v ‘I . .‘. -” I- "= " ‘l . ’ v" ‘ I "-. “‘ \‘g‘ -'. l' ' :| s -‘ ' I" ‘ "~ ' : ‘.'" '.
LI.“..:_ .‘...t ..‘ -r' ..’r, ~' I. I: t ...... ’-.J‘?-} “l‘s.".'-') ;-.~‘ .' .‘.}—l.'. ...-.' (Cc, (nu ("J . - I'Jc.l
n '- n s ; . O P t . s C . 0'
. . - f: . -, ‘ .. . . Pi , 5 . .‘. r- ,-_ _ ‘.. .‘ ..‘ . -. . -~ -. . p 1 _ ‘.‘ ' .'.
.35). '.'I". J V' \;,- ( .0 i, -.o ,a.'..'~.l_’ ‘3'": '.l k‘ ’1..--‘ Ilka -.:."/-..‘J. .3 .‘ .l.|-'\.'. th\....-.a l! ~ \, ‘la'fi
""r -.-: "- " ‘I " A: f‘Jih "a ’.' f‘" I"? 1'“ ']'~ -{-w '1 a: . ‘-".”' 9' .' ' P z: .' .
‘ ~"Z 4‘- Ullb . ~‘o - a -.‘”. I.-,'-‘..#.el ,‘-..- .1“ .‘-. ...} ..|)J. . a... ‘J, _.l ‘.‘ ._, .’.,‘yijJ.’
J _I ‘ ' . .' . r _ ‘ . -‘ ‘ . ~ . 1' .~ - ~. ' v- -
- ‘- ,a. - .. , .‘ > > ' t." 1' ...l ' ‘3 .‘.... , .( _v_ v

u.) -l‘...'.a-~'-L ...' ...-liv1.‘. .'I («--,,Hfi-A U. sin»)! .~'(.. ‘.-1.'J\. ~~ .-.. .."Ia......' .’..- u ..U.‘.

‘ ‘ ‘.z ' \ . 7 -

,. .. 'I. .. . vs-f- , I. ...-3 i . "4 11~ n- .’.J-n- - F» -:‘ .. .. - '
' I _f,’, 1‘... A .‘ ’1' . ‘3‘.!. .t'<,\—lo1"u {‘.‘Jli‘... ”"14 .'. ‘1 ul)-".'—“I“ -) “(0” J». ..‘-.-' .' ~1'. a?

‘ . _ .,v" .‘.- ‘_ "fi‘. .,, _ -
""s"‘L..v'..':.‘I ‘00.- ?) Juan... 43. .2'1 ‘.'-Ll-HJJD raid-“-... Luiwfi 51...:

sn- I-» ‘: :)\.‘I-I[ .. L2. 'L..“..,‘ -."1- .-'. .‘r' .4- -’.t-a'. .7... ‘-‘--. ...—g. Q. .l '.. t. ‘1 -,.'(J l .’i.’\ 3 lJ.‘ .‘1 .- . .‘...‘J. “‘1 |..,

e
‘ e.

vs .. ‘ ' '.' - -' *- 'D
_ , , I ._ ,. . .. , _ ‘ _‘... ..‘" It . _. .... .,, 'v ' , ..'_.l a ., ‘.. - a.
‘. -.'.4.'--f :4.-- .'.-g ...-L .uf..-‘.,- -“L' L',“{J.-J"-' gnu-t.) ..‘.L('1.a.3.n.ut.l.‘.l.bj -‘.U l.)~.1).;urv -1... :,:LJ.J L'a

 

‘ ‘ A g ‘ .A . s " ‘ . u '. 9 t
K I. ... . p . V l', _ y ‘.’,” .~ “’.‘.' '. r n ., ... ._ .7 e . p... . u l - I- ' . I (.4... . . . I. . , v ... ‘ . p
1.. .. ‘....‘(J 1.1.. c .‘.).vrv!) {:4 s. -.‘.J.5.4..t '..J ..14- ' 1 'h J ..‘-“M '.'a .4 . (.5 .‘W-a.‘ a} ALI-(..'.‘JJ
’ _- s. n ‘ ' .e ' _ _ ‘ 'A .. . -' -.\ . -' 1.
f "a .. - n, -- '.‘ -. ' - a: - .. c . . - . _. . .
‘.-; £4. .\ .1.“ u 5..- .1... L -.-‘.,.'..J .. g] 53‘} ' -e . L".( I! . :x.-J '.‘ a. -.’.}.J {‘..c v . a! g ('.. . \r.v.
A
r s‘ ' 'I ‘ | -v .' ' I“ .‘- P ‘l "b " . ‘I "'.." -"\ ’.’:1 ”J'- ' ' 1"",‘n -;' I 3“ ."(j -.‘! 3 (I‘- V': ‘ I ""‘t- “»“t '
1 ‘J ..'v'. at 5' J 7"]... ...|.'_ ‘.""—a Cu.” I JI..J ‘-I .§\.Id.¢'tlrlh'.‘~ J .’.-‘5‘"... i” - Q‘s-‘.' 1101351 “... .D.‘~~;LA|.I‘~
s s a- ., c

: " O ,
’ 'v r ' i - I a v g ‘ n. u- .
. '.J'-‘. .'.n ‘.‘ I I u n .- 0“) J. '1 ~' v: I : |

.. _ U I- s I,
s - I. ‘ v I I .'. . - .' 'r- ... ‘ ‘- ' g .‘ . ‘ ' 0. -."I_ n . ' I F .‘
wt, Ah ‘. -‘. rv'.~.\.-I&' [to raid.” 1.7.1." "l.\.f_~;‘a. ..Jiats ".- f"! ‘5‘ a. -. (

E ( ‘ 'f- ._ . ~ I. .‘.. ‘ _.. ' I T. [r . t ' _, -- ~ ‘ ‘ _ v ' D > On : '1". I, .. s 3
_ . .. V. ‘ ‘ . 3A ‘ . , . . . . . .‘. . .. .. I. -.~. , -, ‘ r . .
2 L . -. -.~ ..I t. a; .x -i h»-.. ..‘.: .:J.'.uL;.-.z- .-...... -‘.(I 3.1.9.1» “..‘-‘..} f.-. ..-u. .1 c...-.I.l a -..‘.J .-
a"

I ‘ r I I . . , '.’." v - t _ . .‘ '. ...; s I r
.1 . . '.. .‘.-. -. . .- .’. u v -. - 7" . - ., : --« ‘- - "l': ..‘ . .. . -’—..u,\.. ,' ..'-4 . ~ -~7 "11.; f- . 'n
e) ("_;.-‘ W'J-V-J int.‘ {4" -~€J 1 .‘.IIJ'.:J...L . \5.“ "...-u —‘-- "J 0-4 -“ '.‘(I-rs‘ «‘3! ",,1J‘ -'- -J-¢ -.-I .:‘l-;uio." .. 7 “(J’- ‘
-‘.-...‘ ..'.-- -.‘-'J-‘.vm'--h‘~'.‘l- In»- '.-.-..'.

.. , .‘. ,, .’. ._- . ‘. , ....t‘..{

.'~ _ r . “ , ', 1' ' ‘ ' w “ ‘. c‘ ' » ,‘ ,. ~ 0 l‘ -' -’ I‘ Q " ' ‘ - ' ' F —"U
..’..-.J“: in}; I. 1. .-’., :,1,f,,,.:,;_. .--’-..‘. ...Lttfiudfnj .,9, J, ...‘. _', “..'v- . luv

. .. ' .. ‘ olo .n' ( r. r- ‘(‘ A 'f’|'(, U '_y u»( ";".'....(“'I . '.. :‘r‘ '5' f. . V .. , ‘ ..’I' '.'.‘
I .1 t, ’. .‘ ' ‘ J-J- \I {-.. I ., ....‘J- I. ..-! .'v- ‘ -..- ~ 4 .' '\‘ . ‘3’. ‘.‘ .I-! _.‘ (I) _ ,-‘_[‘4'_1'. a -.
‘.' ~-

'. . . . . ;\
'.‘- 05‘91 “ "“ .'---“*'“- - -.'.-‘."-“-“D’I an. '1': v ...!V' -.'-1" -9--- row-v- C“ “H

o.

. .. . .. n
I -, t r - n I . -
-... . ~. .‘ (I, . - ‘. ..’i.; ...‘-,:| ‘3‘», Ila-pr ’o.‘ '.‘.I"'."‘l.l' I .l’"".‘ _‘..,.. ' ‘.';
.‘ ‘ -l ‘0 -'\ -‘. n‘ a. a .. ,. .' ‘.‘ " .'."I 4‘- .' s- >' -' '.-.v.‘ . ‘.‘-' - ~ 15" . ' .‘.
a. '...-.-. . -..a a. _ .-.. Q. -....1-” o---~ofic- 0.. no Hav~"-a-.- u-. § .- .' . A a . .- ...-..- ‘
' ..

 

 

102
desirable method of construction, it is often not economically
practical to remove the great quantities of unstable material
that may be present. It is possible in some cases to have enough
support from the existing shoreline material to establish a

beach by placing an even layer of sand over the existing sedi-

lent! o 35

Technological development of lightweight, high horsepower,
gasoline motors coupled with the materials used in the manu-
facturing of boats today, have made possible mass production

at prices the average family can afford. This has helped to
make boating popular among 22 percent of the population._ Most
people have the desire to explore lakes and rivers, and out-
board motors have made fishing more enjoyable in as much as a
man can go farther and faster to seek out a new fishing area.
Boating has enriched family experiences because of the together-

ness involved when spending the day on the water.

A number of skills are needed for boating. Some of them:
Ability to control the craft, mechanical talent for the I

maintenance of the motor, knowledge of legal and navigation

 

v‘

35James J. Truncer: "A Brief Look at Artificial Public
Beach Development in Michigan: ”: 1961; Resource Development
Department; Michigan State University; pp. 5-6.

It

 

 

 

 

. J—a-
'I . ’ F . . ‘ .' '. i
.. .. . -I _‘ . I . u I I ,«vea - o .0 ’I f ‘ I I' L . _I I '
l s \ “. ‘L‘ v‘ a\ I. u; - ‘... ‘I-‘u .5 ,- I ~ . - ‘-’-~l- 9 VJ‘I". '1 .‘\. ’.' “ " I —' “ " " " ‘..U "
-.-. . c
s
, — ' . , \ . .. a ‘ . . w. no .
r -. ' t ' ‘ - s I " ‘ ‘4 h I" ' - ‘ " . ' '\ ' (' v , '
.1“.:‘---' v’ ‘1"! '.. ..'.,L’"—‘k “ — ‘.‘ 'lx‘- 5'. J' '.‘ n'.‘ “. I “ - b . a .. J‘. ...-I .‘,,)~4-.~3 - ,, J‘J
" ‘ ‘ ' ' ' - o , r I. ~b
_ . . , —‘.- ' ' I. . ’ ’ ‘ . . ‘ 3'4 A i
’. \ji’ .4 1' ‘.‘.1 .:~. 3 -0. '.‘} - .'(Jr: —1..'- }_.U- .I L' ‘.'.L ..'.}. .d' “‘ " '(d ’. 1 ‘ “'”“J
‘v
I . ' . _ -' f f‘ I .v -'. .‘. . v '1‘ - .a .I'\ . . . .-‘ I ‘.v -’.. ‘.. II. . ._,
'. u .‘ . ‘ v a q 7 ' n I -
‘h 11 .-.._ . ......J (.4 -~.'.s_'.-». '-. . . It»... .A. (1.1. ...’-“"M- .. .J i J L L--. ....I. ‘. J .
I I ‘.‘ g s r n \ ‘ I ' II '. I9
_ _ '. .. I I .9 , ,' ."' , , u. ’I I" 3 . ‘ . .. ~ \ , I '1. .\ s .
V's--’.; :kd [‘...-4' \‘.. I l .1 '..} J -.‘ J." J '1‘.‘ . s) -- .. '.. ’ ' l ..l - .'.I '»’1.'.‘ '.‘“ ... I’ u. ‘1
’
Lu. .
s '1'
,hx‘ ‘ ”Iv-'..
- . . . - ~ . - . r . . .- r . - : . .-. .
r . ‘.r'- I. ‘. ,1" I: " -'- ." ' " i l\ --"'\' 'V ‘.'H‘)
t .,, ‘ 1 y"; -=.(‘3.l h L - r‘ ‘§’n‘ 'vli 311d’4' ‘..... H. 'J ‘0!) ‘ . .‘A' ' I I.) "u'. '. (. ..‘. -- " --
, I I ‘ ‘ |.,' ‘. .I 1' l 5‘ ' r .
'- -'a ' " a . I" " . ’ . ' ‘ ,' l"!- u . I ‘5 ' ' l‘ ‘ '. In 3 r . If“
..'-'.’!) ‘I 1%.“! l'.L '.‘-HI, (.._‘1..- .'--.0013" :‘aa.l l--‘--‘. I‘-'-.|Z4‘r--v '..-.” (1.. -I{3.)-("- ".
I ‘i ' ' t ._g 1 . 1 . ..9‘. ...' . . ..
*r\ ‘ ‘ p' N V ‘ ".3 "F: .-"'f‘? '7 '.‘ ' " "3‘ .'. ‘l . ‘ . v',‘ .'1 ‘
g.-,_,u.r .u_‘.. .‘. .’1.f.‘.‘(.} ‘.' .‘.'.:.-.l ."J ru. ¢ f")! ['-l sau.q(l-l ..U 1_-“"' ‘...-..’.. {‘.‘-
V e s ’. v .‘. l- v ' ‘ . . .
.‘ - . Pia .‘ v '.' ' .-- ' ‘ . l ‘.' ‘ "\ .' ”a. I " a n. " r (I: is . j (y
l \' C- \' w‘-‘_-. I‘ ‘. I4:'I \ ‘:.-‘ .‘.. .ft. . 0.‘ .l‘..l. '- ..‘, V‘J‘.') ‘35‘. -I 1 il d’ .‘ Ii ’ ’~ ”‘3‘“ ‘1'. '.‘“ d ‘5’; -3 .3
. . p v
a - , .-yl _ _ o . ,v .$ .. . , ., _
u . . ' ' "' a . . A: -' v ' " a s V '0. Y ' ‘ " '.‘ ' ‘ '
‘ I..\. .|.'.'.'-.~ E;_‘34\ {32 “£371.: ...-0 ‘.‘. ‘2' “ Ii' . ..3 I'll“ - r. _..”..nH‘ILIP: ‘]J_‘IJ,JI.(I _I,,_,..qf.
' A.
: . 3o 7“ I ~ " P. . . ‘-
’.‘ ' - " "‘ ' " a "‘ "J ' N x {3“ "' ”' w" 1v" ' I- 4- 1‘ 3' “u I '.'f‘-‘ '-& ' .
_.. ‘.‘ ' l . n") c (J .’.l.-) 'J’p. J. E‘Y-L51 ‘- 'a'a.-‘.‘o L“ .1. { .... , «..’ i“ - ' ..- '.l --.' ...‘-c -' 5 ca“; :43. r ‘. “:
,‘ .- A I ' I '.. ,«4 ..' In I u- . . I I. -"—I I .- ll "".' ' I -' ’ .._0. ‘l t .
..." \lb‘ 1‘ .ma'll.’ ‘..-I ' I.) -v"- \ ‘-‘- k. .._) ~k) (.‘I.:‘ 0’ ‘(";‘ . 11...... ‘Ip‘a‘. 1‘. I ‘ ... ‘ ~ .... '.. ..L ' (~ -‘ ‘ r-l I
.«I . i Z !‘ '...: ~ RV ‘ .d' ' l .-.‘ '3'" t ls " '."I'."-1 '.‘ " l" '
O A.- .r. ‘.| , '.‘..e l ...‘. A ‘.‘-L '81 “I “J '(.' oh. J- ?» (Us) J' "—3 \ JJ. ‘ tn“- 5. -L".. .4 ..'.‘H-J- ’"~_ ’4‘") I: "" ‘
-\ -- . u -i :' .- ‘-- '4, . .f , ~ '5‘ . :JHI, .. - --\ i '_- - L .Ib- r. 9 ~- g. . . if! I
- «L- ’.‘ s‘es I “_ \. J 'o. .J .1 “ ‘.. ( Jjag’V-vvua‘vt‘ {a K . Ju‘ “ . -‘. \‘-~’- E'd'a a I . I.‘ o .31...) ‘.. IJ.‘ ' I.‘.fl§ ‘.' - '\. L
o I . -‘ V". -'. I “(..'r" In. ' - ‘- .‘T f‘ _o t p 'l ..f' IA»! 1 I '.‘ I .' Ir. .
. .' ’-‘ I). - “ Id ’..kj . ‘l ..n‘ It, . 1 .‘ .‘.l: “ '.s -."’1" l— . ' \n It)”; QVJ' 11
-
o ‘ r ' i “ “ "I r: ' ‘ I, , , ’ ’-‘ [I 9) “ 5' ‘ . .'. ' -' '. .'. ' '.. ‘
.. .; \ ...'; -.(‘ f ”5 .'II‘1-IJ"11‘J -$‘ -. . ...'». ‘-I .‘ . -1...) ‘d-'\-’. ...-l‘-- .‘.-(a) .'-: (.....r 'L.‘ .'..
‘ a . " \ F 1"” ['s I ' (v "iv .o ' ‘.‘: a. ... s ."L . - ~' so 'I ‘04 . ~ . r’.‘|
I a I _- I I-4 I I u . v .o l u I I . c F I
..rl. .1 ..’, ... Jul-.14.“! .3. .1 .' .. ‘ . * ‘-’p 1!.) .'. J J_( ..; '..-k } (J 1.1. - .1\ .
, [’- ' 'I 'q I ' h .— I \ x u l“ r ’ ..‘ : .2 ~ (. '5 - ‘ .\ . ¢ ..-:-J' 2' . ‘I‘ .. ...“ -I; : '..
'.‘ - ‘0 ." ‘o .."l . 340.: _r J I ~-\ .. \ 'C’ .. A ". I... ‘ JLL'J r. :‘l _I,‘I._,J .3 f} I‘, Jt‘i'). _.. ... 2.1;. ‘.‘ ‘-
.w-r‘w- ...‘-«..‘.... o .4..-» ‘...-cn-o-n" "
" r.
~ a I 0’ o l ’ - a .' "- .- c r
. '. 1 I _ d Ir‘ . - v.‘ , u» . . o ' V, ~ - . , [-0 - ‘ - . a - . .- .'a .. «J.- ‘ T -- ,‘_' _ , T - a
_ -~.1."-: _' -... -' '1 ‘0 ,. . ' J a'4(.‘[..rl .'.-.'. —-.‘- L I . -’.s).’i.‘t'-S .'. .'. ' t; ‘ ~.’J.Lpfi ‘...
I. I. , I . .' y 7- .:; I . . _ I. I .
- ." II a -. a. - . I "-.. , I. , - . ’.AI, _II ..‘-\' .. , r.r_" .
s’:-! ' ‘ .‘- "/ J. '-."""IJ’ ."‘. t". ' .L C '3‘" ckd" " . ‘lu ."J:JL ‘(l-'--—‘ I, -“A. IJ~Jlr>"
Ti - '.' '.‘ 3 .3 . ,. "I '3 t f I") '- f‘ 2 7 ' 'f. .' ' o”) ‘ ‘ ' '2 '. .‘ “"'- r“‘ ~' s '
. L ‘n . ‘ n ". ‘ "" '5- I .. b 1-"J -- ‘l 3‘" ' :3 I k u' L‘ M .' .t ‘ ‘ ‘5 ". a. l J 4- .3 ‘ ‘I

103

regulations, and the physical skill required to launch and

operate the boat.

0f the 22 percent of the papulation 12 years of age

and older engaging in hosting, one or more times during
the summer 1960....slightly more were in the North
Central region (27 percent). For the summer this
represents 1.22 occassiona per person during the 3-month
period for the United States. The North Central region
(1.48 days per person)...have the heaviest boating
participation rate for the summer...

Income is directly associated with boating participation.
...it would appear that the middle class and upper
‘middle class income groups in the North Central States
are the heaviest participants.3

Other activities associated with hosting are water skiing,

swiming, fishing, picnicking, camping, and playing outdoor

games and sports.

Only sis percent of the population, 12 years of age and older
'went water skiing during the summer of 1965, however, it is
the sport which is expected to increase in popularity the
fastest between now and 2000.

Activity characteristics which may condition partici-
pation in water skiing include not only a minimum
income, for the purchase and.mmintenance of boat, skiis,
etc., but also available time.....the time required

to go from residence to lake or waterfront. Because

 

36National Recreation Survey; ORRRC Study Report 19;
‘Washington, D.C.; 1962, p. 24.

 

I ‘-1.'
v u ‘- I t ' . n .
. .. . _ Y ....' _ I .- 0‘ , '. V ‘ ~‘ \ . ., g ‘ . I ,- ’ ' '_
)',:‘I I" ”11.? {I}. I, ‘1‘ .'- .)-...,' I‘ -‘..j.--.<4C- ..£0\'-.~. " [-1. ~)— ..‘- -' ‘.' ..’ ‘\.{J(‘.'--.'Ac..~'-l.
5
O
- .~ . Q _n "‘ IN ‘_
. Q’ !“‘"&I .‘. ‘9’ -..l \' .‘ .'.
-. .-\ . . s . 'I .\ '.'. '
r u ’.. ‘v n . . ‘ , -1 s. - . .. . z
4 IF .-'\.* .‘ u. 3' . ‘L -' —}- 1‘. - -:' -.'). 1: :l‘l— .' L ‘0' . ' ‘ ‘ I .- -- I' J .1 I
‘ . . 4 - - n I -‘ . I u. Q ‘ .I ‘I O '\ ‘ . .- 1
i -. p l.) ‘4 § . ‘.‘ I‘.‘ ‘,I'--' ‘l ‘ I (’ tip.-€ ['.l: '.‘. ‘ J~ - I). I I.‘ ‘0' .‘.‘J ‘9. b
\ I < I ‘.‘ .
.-‘ ..L .1 'l'J .... ”’-‘. ‘ t .. I' ‘ -.-lLo‘ . ..‘....'-«’ -_.. .. ‘ . ‘ I; ..‘...
. , I ' ". .‘ t .
"I. r' ¢ - ' ' I i u -"o . . ' ‘ o I (.0 ~-, \
to- ...'...l _ 4‘. ' 1 u ' .— .."I '4 . A\.\1.‘.-'. . ‘ \ ./ '..(J.. '_-J' .' a. 3.1.Ji; .’°.
1 , . - Nf. r
. . . - -‘; r . v o , I . -‘. - o. u . 1‘s ’.' -. '.'. ,.. . o .
I... ;l‘,‘$~'"' .'.. t. , 1“"- .A‘" ' Iat‘K- . ..‘ - ‘ I ‘4‘ . "w : . '.' us. . .-‘. (...': -‘ .‘ko‘J . ' n'.
I ‘ ' I . . ‘ - ’ ' I
N . I -' - ..'I'V -' "" ‘ I \I ~"" -~ .‘.r ‘ '- ..’ ‘J ...' ‘1 - ('.. ' ‘ ‘.' .' "
‘;l ., ' ..\ -.‘.?J... 1.)..."I' ‘..~- “‘..“ ..I .-J. .L..-.I~I ‘..... ~.I . ' ._,... Lid ‘ «- .-~ ‘ -'.-rk- .l
.l u . . \ . ‘ h - r. I. I, v ' ' . ‘4
‘. -. ; , f .a, . . .. _. ‘ . . t v. . ' h a. . n. n - .. I ’ ,'.- ,
\ “'-‘.-l‘n ”3 ~10. ".x ’1’ 1‘. ’1. .J‘_1.J !}'-.‘ IAAQ. . \L’L‘I... .1 .z‘J“. ‘... L... .4 ' "'.A/
._.. 'V _ . V'.‘ ... - _.- 1. , . ”I ' "‘f‘f» 2,. -1. . V.
. . . J‘ .' VTw d—‘EI ’)-.-J -K‘.:.- - ..' L'f-o -| ‘.'-..‘ J’".. --.~‘ - {.3'1
5 o I l- . I I 0
¢'- -\u - ... . . q u“ -1 - . ~ . '.‘ ~ .- - .
g» . 1 . - . I : ‘llr 0" r‘ . v. \' r. _ 0
.aAL - ‘1 .fi '.(.~.—'.~-§J .‘.J' . 5..- o‘Ll‘c'U 1~-J.- . Jo, s5 :3.,.~J(‘ .l‘orl 5;}... III..." ' l -. .3. C ‘...}.
. r :1. :- - ,- .. . . .9 -
D ‘ " . _- ...‘. ‘ a . . . -_- . - ' I. I h - rm ,I ~ ~:_- -
.— '-‘ .'J '.-.~‘..',o ‘J‘Ii'J-EJ .’-. ‘.'i-ll -’LIJ “..‘.-J .LML. ‘1'- .‘.) ‘.’-..fl-I.’ ' .’ .‘. . . .
' ,_ -"-- "-.v’ 'tr- " ""v V — " . ’ ‘ :1 ' .' '. ‘ r 7' ...4" ' -
L‘ ..I ‘-l ' . _.Il-'\00.'~’L.' ‘11.. -§('-"I . 'J.‘ "l-q ‘.‘ ‘I‘L' n-‘. .. £J(\.-. .‘Q‘. ‘.', ' I-g’.'.‘. . ' ‘
c N
I ' , _. .Q -.
.9 '~' ‘.. .‘ ‘ ’ ' c I ‘ 1' . ‘ t ‘
.i‘-u(\:} - ‘-.--1.1)" ..l'-‘ ‘. Ill) .1 .'....) . . fl
1 .' -‘ . ,‘OI In. -_ ,. o ~{u ,. 1"; :\ ‘.(.- i - 'r,‘y "‘. 4'.” 'v (\ --,: I) l;_ .- -‘- ‘ I: -‘ , ’ v‘ ..'
(I ,3.«-...-.'.tt. 4.. J13 -. ,,.' .-. .1 ‘ ..‘..-. .' .(. .J .3.) ._, I’d.) .~ '-~.-4(.‘0..La. D ugh; .2 .1. ‘a .. .. N. :‘J - ‘.
U
r , v i n o , n .- v . v. .
- ' -.. _ . ‘ ‘ A;- .5 ‘ ‘.F'r- -_‘r~ ~. ‘1 ‘ ._ - .‘." '0'. - 1‘ ," . - >. .- ‘ .
. o‘slh-‘g.n‘- ..’-r0" ‘-‘1I-u; ~-,—'L‘J 0‘ t. .4 (‘--'£“I“J,.“") (‘ L'..-.a’.-I'-‘-.(I~‘J.“ t3 1“..."‘Jtt... J- ‘..-{(L‘; l 51‘ -..

.£-.::'..u~"';»; (Tam; an;

....‘M...U 24.4: _a. "1 -..0 h:‘,;§‘,tit" 3‘}. t:‘j(~_~3:._‘,[;e,;{‘l: ...)!JL! Lu 3:',";..’_,1'_;,.{=' 33;!“ «3'
‘ ‘ u ..

l | 0 9 O
- . .3 ,_ . . . . ,. - .J. ~-|. . ... . .. . . .
'. . ~ - ' .- I". ' . HI I ‘ . H l.‘\. - ~
i .5 -so InY -‘. o~ - '-.JJ? ;‘.I,) ‘1... - "k . )1.” -t‘. 1" 4-. ‘.’-J I ‘ l‘t l‘A‘ .-.: ‘g-., .441 ..' ...i o'n‘ i .0 -. L‘ I . '
,‘ 9 '. u I. .1 ' a
, . - . .. . _ ‘._.
.‘l ")a. 5“») .ol«n i-Y"..cls. ‘3 4%.! ‘w
‘ " 2 ' O O a II I ~
‘ " ' "‘ I‘ "~‘ ' . '2’ -“ 5 " 'I‘ . ‘ -' ‘ . , a ‘ -'a. v - - ~ . . A. -‘. .., -‘.
- ‘ , ‘ . .. It . g I . ‘ l .I . f‘ . f. :3 r. V” : .v .
-. .~ .- .Jl ..‘. id‘L“ d1. ‘JI-lC’J I EL‘A.. J~"J-,.‘..'ig ‘... ..«3‘,,..: (1“ .‘ .‘. ,4"; ._~“‘r‘{ J , l ..’ v ‘4‘- . L

a. i‘

A ' . r ;- . o , I
. b ' ‘ -. I ~ Q «- l. p, -- ".- . , I“ ‘ r - .. , ._. .'. ,7 . , . . ‘ _ ' ‘ ‘. .
I ~.'.- _-.‘u-.J.- U z{-|~ ‘4'; \‘LJ;' It" i u‘\«" ‘v-[ ‘5'! o-‘q (I o'~‘\“il :\‘-3 ‘N-u '.'b.‘.J}i"

. V. .. ,. , ‘ ‘ " v ? .
_ ‘ I ' . . ,1' ° ~ “' I! I H 1 ‘ u .. - -
""' "' “If"; " "" ”J ' '“v 9 o o c on” .. J .‘.....‘ .:.J..I.LV B \r'\...'...- ...-4 H".- 1 o .JJIi

..I'

_n .v .‘.

."' '\ ..‘0- '.‘}:‘.".."‘ '.' " I '.‘ "I 9 IA > :I‘-§" .* ..-
I“ J.’ """ ‘ I‘ . J‘W! .‘.-'4' -'¢‘ .'." (’.'I'I v ‘1 ‘13. o:!.£ (I... -J :‘jllf’ '.-“ " "I ~ ~ l ?.O T 'l (.3; (I

h“*-'w~..-.I¢ ...... -.. .1“.~ ...‘ -. -‘-

_" .s ' I u . 1’ I
‘ I .' r \"y i“ ‘ ' 0". '3', ,"-w. -. " . -'- ‘ ~'\.
( -' d - 'It’ ‘ ' ... I. ‘1 ‘U . . ..‘“ c ’5 ' I -.‘J ‘ (‘.‘ ’55- ‘.J A~~ . '. u. .'. ‘- -‘. \I‘ ,1. n
‘.‘3' a,“ '3'. .- 0 ~ I ." - o. v
03‘... .‘.-3. ‘...-(J 4'. ¢ .II'.\. ti"(|d'-.Ii-I.ZI t

 

 

...‘—I

104

the level of physical exertion is fairly high for
water skiing, it is not surprising that it is principally
an activity of youth....the level of skill is moderate.3

Requirement Standards for Boating and Water Skiing:

Comprehensive Plan for Wisconsin: Water Skiing facility -
one person per 13.3 acres of water. Estimate 3 persons
per boat, 20 acres per boat may be adequate, but 40
acres per boat is desirable. Boating facility - one
person per 8 acres of water surface. Estimating 2.5
persons per boat, or 20 acres per boat. Small lakes
with restricted.motor nges could support more than
one boat per 20 acres.

Louisiana Parks and Recreation Commission: MOtor boat area
facility - It takes 20 acres of water to support one
power boat. 13 boats in the water would require 260
surface acres of open water to support a ramp. With
2.5 persons per boat, an Optimum day with 40 launchings
would produce 100 user days per ramp or 100 user days
per acre of land and .385 user days per acre of water.
This amounts to .01 acre of land and 2.6 acres of
water per user day. Water skiing area facility - one
ski boat requires 40 acres of water therefore, 13 ski
boats would require 520 acres of water to support one ski
boat ramp. With an average of three persons per ski boat,
a ramp would produce 120 activity days during an optimum
day use, or 120 user days per acre of land and .23 user
days per acre of water. This amounts to .0083 acres of
land and 4.33 acres of water per user day.

 

37National Recreation Survey. ORRRC Study Report 19.
‘washington, D.C.,p. 27.

38Wisconsin Conservation Dept.; Comprehensive_ Plan for
'Wisconsin, Outdoor Recreation; 1966, pp. G-lO, G-ll.

39Louisiana Parks and Recreation Commission; Louisiana
Statewide Comprehensive Outdoor Recreation Plan, Supplement 1;

 

ft" H":
a a a .‘.-1'
u
.
... I .
is" . -‘ic. l
..u. ---‘. I
v- I "
".- I- . --"-l

. ‘ If. .I
" _ It: ‘1 .‘IO-l
. D
a ' . .
udi'o .‘ .: \a- ‘l e. 4-
o
‘I '0' I'
-1.-‘.. .'.} .‘,.\_L...w
“ u ' -a
-
,s_. ... (‘I
I
I "'1 - "..
-.. S.) w.- ‘..
. “
.‘.. .

. .. ~. - v1 .-. ; .
-- :}“ \,-. ‘ .)o'.'4.’.l

0". ‘-‘--o 15 .\~.
. r'} .,,..».‘. J7

 

9 s , ..

,. . ...'—0..., .. ,
a ..‘. “‘0' '.J\}“ ‘..-."u
u‘ ‘I ‘ Y '.
.J'" a. J '.’ -
p- s -' .'v. -
J.t'l t-l).t’.'\.\

7. .. a. n b R" ‘
E- J. )‘1 2‘ "‘a'-I

voe|

'.'... ‘v'V'k’a hf}. 1.35-1.5

1”” ‘ n v v" '- .
x ‘>\ ‘v ‘ '.
‘.’ ..- ‘.. ...-I C. ..v.

.. _ _ 9,. _. ' h
I_’..A {.'Zt,(~:.-l \Ju...’ -u'

('.‘
.\.L.

."U.' .1 .‘..“fi‘j.” ...‘
. . . '.- ‘- O -. - -
a .'., - '_ _a. .. ‘-.-
‘.\.'-.’.‘.1 ‘.ler.' (Jo-‘.'.
‘

,. ... - ..-... - ...-v

 

 

 

105

Since the skier must be associated with the boat driver, water
skiing is always a group activity.
Increases in surface water would undoubtedly lead to
increases in water skiing participation. A reduction
in stream contamination would increase participation.
Wide Adoption of suits to wear for cold weather skiing
might lead the more daring to engage more heavily in
the fall and the spring.....An increase in participation

rests more upon an increase in the 23s of boats and an
increase in available leisure time.

Projections

The following information about the future needs of Sawyer County
as a recreational development was obtained from a series of inter-
views with County Extension Agents and United States Forest
Service officials. I shall present the projected needs as
discerned by the various governmental agencies. Since each of
the above organizations have different objective, there is a
variation in the views expressed.

Outdoor Recreation Plans; State of Wisconsin Dept. of Resource
Developnent . -

A. .Camping '
Projections for Sawyer County (average summer Sunday
visits) ~
' -l960 - 427
1980 - 1201
2000 - 1957

 

40National Recreation Survey. ORRRC Study Report 19.
v.8h1n8t0n, D.C., 1962a Pb 27.

 

 

 

. . ° ' " ' 4| '. " o . “ ‘ >
- I. ' ' . ~ ' ' v ' I p .‘ w . ' ' ‘ a ‘ '
v. u ' )I t I . .. . —‘0 'L \' L), .1 ‘1‘".u - ' ‘w 7‘. ‘.I"(’O‘.4 ’ :": ‘1 \II .-I— —- 'I ‘C 0 fl ! v :4 a I 1'
l
u
’ j .) . “ a - Y 0‘ (\ . o: . T “-2 . '
0 Lugs} .‘. .5» -t ':'¢(1.. , "J ... ‘ o ...a a . ,J.j-\.-..‘.i
h .
u‘. . l '. ‘.’. -'. .~ , ’ ‘ , ~ , n —- -‘ '. v .' . .— a ..,.. - . " - a
‘ -.l ' A “ -- "O\‘-:~ '1 .'. ~~f .- ---‘-'. l -- as. ..Z . ‘...)- _.eli; - - I. ..p -‘ A o J.
..
, .’ .. . . . I . r , . r. . ._ ‘- “ .n l .. . . ‘ ‘ 0.1- l! l :- . an. .-\ y .
t \--‘ .1 '-. .1 ‘ . .4 I. . -’. s'- s-' ‘5‘).‘.’~‘s .' to . ' a... ‘.. - '-'-v.- --
' ' . , ‘ . ‘.. . ‘ , . -.‘, ., ' O . ’ , .- p ‘
I v ‘ I . u -‘ '.' ~ I ,
..‘: ..‘.; J a . ‘— .’ -~)’-‘ ‘2‘ '~ -I -‘ e -...~ , '.‘ - § .'.: ' ‘ ’..-as (I l :1 |a ' .4 .( ..‘..
a v . , o . . I ' . . '
, u - ' e 'I . ' . ‘ t a .. 'I‘I ', I ' ' ‘ _'.
. L..' and ‘1‘ . ..‘-‘.‘a [I ' 0 ‘.'-L‘ .) -..‘}. . II \‘el ‘.‘—1 -.. 0‘ --'.(J :- ‘ .‘--l‘ ‘J' . 5" .
a ' a K . ..' , r I
~ -. - a-.. . . - _ - .. I. , -- I'I '..: I. . o u . u 5 b}
1'... ' _‘ '. \. '2. I .'.. :s -'.1, I .- ‘a I ’ k, .‘ 1.1.. .v {.0 L' u ' .-k -l :g'h‘J .'.u I‘ .\ .I.‘ .- ‘.‘
. . Q . .
H I fi 1 I
. -. e v . a ' , 0 " ‘J
' ' ' ‘. ~. ‘ "" ."'. ' ’ l'r ’ " t ' " . I" l' " ‘.' ‘ ' ' I'. ‘V‘ r -‘ h " "'
L‘s-‘-’. . ._.__.,._,s,.._; l .’. ‘.’...uo-.- ...'. l'v ......\.'1’J.-.‘.;‘ts 35.3.3 . .‘.. -..L _ ”1...?
.. I " " I. (l. .‘- (~ I " T )(:-i' 3“: a ‘.'" ‘."".". :- ..‘ f‘( '- '1 1"". n |(' . 1 '.' ‘..-
n‘— .I .l.',. (4.. "(a l -..J ..‘.... ... '- 1.1..e o4‘l.s.h‘ .'.-.'l...'. ’I‘J . It“ ._. ..‘-... '-. .... ,.
‘ .'. "\H 'o '. a "V-'II’. - I; "J. (.'. 9' ‘- .""' "'~ ‘ .‘.l' "' ' I.
.'. ....'.,’ .,-_../1._.,.,. .‘ _.I _...-;.Is..l 10-7. T.i‘:...i.-'..l‘.-.
1
1
‘
r '- “ n -
a, t ...‘.I 4. I {..‘ .
- o o a 0 - c -J~.-‘—As
.. .. - .. ~ § . .
-‘I_ '.’ e < -. ,~. - ~ . - - 4‘ \, , .- - .2. , \ -.'.. . ,I' ‘ . ..? 'I- . V‘ p: I “.. ;|." .‘| -' ‘.- '
' .,, ..v‘ . v' o. ‘ /.'-‘ .‘.J‘) l - .' ‘lj -'-~~-‘\.‘-‘-.‘¢T. sl‘ ‘J " “-..‘t-' (1“.-. ~' ’.’ - “ 3.... ‘ ...‘... tk-n'..L{.i-: ‘JI'.:-
.- - .
'. .'. i ' I (v s I " ' . '.'J e. rs ' '. 1‘ ‘ P f r I ; a . ~’ ~. 9 a. g. r .
.. . . . -, . . . . .' , '.. . . . . . . - » _I . . . I.
'.-.. IJ.‘ -* . K‘ \. ‘- -' ... I; A ..‘.... l“.’j..-‘.i.l-J‘-Li '4 v.‘.' —*.‘- - ‘ ‘..u‘tyr z.) .-.":.“'".-.& ' ‘.'.-‘-- ..1 . J
_.., .._ . I . .‘ s..‘ ‘ ' -x '. .‘ 'f. .. ., ...'. -_, _ ° . ' . '..‘: . .'.. . '. .'-; . . . e
.. -‘ ." ‘ ' ‘ ' ' ' .’ r'
-} u .4 ..’. J -. .._ .3.. . l: «J.‘AU ...oljé.‘ g...‘ ‘Ju.‘.)~a 1“}.{ ‘4‘} , J.—-.I. 'Ihu-l~‘-J(,'\' 15“-. 96 0,. 4...)- v
I
' ' u “ .1 o. h n -
..‘". . ,I I- _..-I,‘IV.’..‘ . 'f .‘f." -.. .‘.,,'. ._ i [P _' . ‘I. '. "'.' ,. . I {'.. .
.. ~ . ..l ‘2“ '~, I,.- ..'...- .,: ..' .- -.. -.lf .L. sin; ..‘. . 1.... ..'.! ..‘..- -aU .’.. -'. a '. .

h ' ~ ' .' a ' ‘ '
- f . ‘ . . .~ ‘~ - I.Q ,- ‘.’ ' v >. . l ' I _ ‘ . . ‘.‘ . A. .I ..
‘ ' ‘ - _-'-' '. {..,lt...‘ 1 .. '3 vii-.1 8...}.I‘J-‘ - H I '.-. .. “Ti ....HJ'J'JTJ «'..-.‘. °

.0 l a ' ‘ - I I ' O I D -’ .
.-» a .' t '. .I . .'. ~ v-I " ’~ . I. -',- ,'I's" ... -_ -_ t I . ..'? e‘ . .. I J ‘.. .‘ - ..- . , .I . ~ ',
‘. ‘1'» 'L' - ”-..‘-J t-‘ ‘.‘e‘1 at.) [3‘] “1.":‘du- 'r-J-u-‘J 2 VCIIJ ¢:‘-'c(-'~“ f’\.:u .ADI' - (J {’V( {I t; ...‘lo‘J
— , ., ..V H , ‘.I' n. ..,'.\ .' , '....,".,”,
.'3 f<v.oII-a7-. . " s/“.'-. 4 f.‘).l.,3 ‘.’.J. {$('." .'.-’.‘..s'l'
: . i .. .. . t ' ’ ' ‘.v _ .5 _..... ,. Vt" ' r ' .I .-n'
. ,I . . uv , II . . . . . I Q. - O y_ I a' . ‘- .. :— .'-
n- ’...; ‘._ ”-..‘... -.(: .J’ W. s2...c.¢'.‘(:l.u_ ..J; .‘J|-.- v: t-.: 5'... fi(.'.‘._ 2-'5. '.‘ -‘.nn. -5‘”
' '.'-~-n.- ‘U. c - s-e- -‘-..- ._. --l'v"'-‘.“"'-
.1) HI; ".‘.-00.3.9" 7;. \ ..
I ’ s I.
I ' 0" O " ‘ .
'. It. ‘1 .‘HJ . .
'- - . l. I r) . ~- 4:. I v | -\ " . ,- ' h . " .- '-\'\
.“ LI.‘ ... ; l. ..‘u :kj‘..-..r.u It ‘-qJ-(u' *" E. ‘~ . .-.(1. ..::( _-.J._\ 'l.“J fl
" o s '
. ‘ I .9 :
\‘vJ-'.(s. 4

, .'
\a -,‘-.
e 'l ...

.‘.Uf-SI - {'.'-'1. iii

‘.‘ .'- I ‘.' p (e
\ ‘-'..t O ’..: 11“ ‘....

.....- ~---—.o--..~~. .5. -.. -’- .- --_ . _.-.oe'o‘”.
:‘t '
‘ '.‘ “f‘- ' (v -.7 uI-fvr.<-‘ ' " \"‘|’"l"\ Q,-I- ‘.'. r'l ‘.. .\ '..". -~ . '.‘ iv, ’.' ‘ ' _i, '1'}.
. ..I’. ‘4 ' "' ""1 .‘.. -"‘“d ‘.'-Iv 0’ »"\“I . [“n. '.' - It .( n“ u.“- ' ‘V'II. .‘..filll. ,L.": (5" ~ Big.
-- . V
. 3' 0‘ ' ' “ v ' l .
. _ .. ~. - v . - —-. ~ ‘ I ' Ix
. "" .({ ..'. \u'. t O“ . '.‘ (‘1‘.P“\ ‘J.;.lde.- .

 

 

 

B.

106

Additional facilities needed to meet demand in Sawyer
County by 1980

Public Camping Sites - 51

Private Camping Sites - O

Picnicking

Projections for Sawyer County (acreage summer Sunday
visits)

1960 - 985
1980 - 1310
2000 - 1994

Increase 1960-1980 is 133%
Facilities needed to meet 1980 demands
181 picnic sites

Standards used in the Plan

Swimming -200 square feet per swimmer

Fishing ~eight acres per boat (3.6 acres/persons)

Boating ~20 acres/boat (8 acres/persons)

Water Skiing -4O acres/boat (50 acres/lake'min. size)
(5.0 turnover rate) (202 of total need
at any one thme) »

Camping -Pive units per acre, 19 undeveloped
acres of supporting land (3 campers/acre)

Picnic -8 tables/acre, 40 picnickers/acre

Information Statements made in the Survey

Pleasure driving is most often mentioned as the
primary reason for one day trips. Over half of all
such trips had a round-trip distance of under 150

miles.

On the longest vacation trip, water-based activities
were sought after more than any other type.

Nearly 70 percent of the people contacted did not
want any or many pe0ple around.when they vacationed.

Vacationers in Wisconsin like scenery and sightseeing.
They desire more waysides and rest rooms, better

It

 

 

 

‘1.
.'.l.
r #1
'4
.
..
..
.
1..
I
.‘
-.

 

 

 

 

.‘.
O‘ ' a V . ' .) I I? ‘. 'I I. I c - t '
'. v. a ‘ v _v I , c a ‘ ‘.' \
"- .. 1.3:. 3145'. ,-.' -I ..I- \ -J i ." -‘ -£1 1.: .-.‘“-.. ..‘ - ... i ‘-. J. ‘ .-
n
. I ] \. ' _. '
" - . ‘ \J . .' .' -
I ~ \ l
..‘ ‘ ' . ‘ I .' v
I’ a '. -’ -. .( -~' '.' ' . '3 :
_'_ V U - . . ~ I v‘--| I l‘.’ ‘.-.-. I" _
. ._ ., D _ ‘
\ -’ . . f -\
\J - L. .‘ ..I .'. , L..- ' IkI .3 . ‘ J ‘. -
l
. '. .
, . I ..
_ [l-_.'a\" '4~ ‘ . . z
I - .
.. I I ‘ _‘ -. ,.. I, . ' . .. v. . -- .‘
‘, -.’ ‘ ,I. ' , Y\ . I. " ..llrl. \' ‘ ‘ ‘..U o . . “ V ’.I ..‘.- ..~. . I ('.
C ..
I"-‘,-$:. x...
"\ '..-n! -‘I’o-. .
\ ." '
v ‘i on . ,' ‘ r
s_.‘ -, s \l -_ '1.
. ‘ U-
. . on ' - y
(1“. ‘.‘-l \‘ cl.
. I‘ I
. 5.“. , ,
, I. .
| a I... \‘l' J
‘ ~ ‘.' “ ‘ I‘~~ ' 1’ "n ' ' a -
v.‘,\..|. ‘..—s. '.’ . -..... ‘.’"! .-'. . I, .'.. .k- I)"
' ‘ l .'. , c - u ‘ a C . '
I'r" ' V! '9‘ ~ . ‘ .'. f "' ...'. ..s. ." "I " ‘ 3 “"";
t... .1 .A‘ ’ '."Ju.-- -‘ . . e I .1 a ’1. \II’— ‘5... ..-.'.~ I. .
i
C ' ’l
V - l I II I. I
. ' ‘..-5.: \,. ’-‘n‘a-«hu -. - -s
u ' - .
. u 'I I- v- ’ x Y. r. ...‘" t n- -
‘15:. I’ch} AHA. 41“»le h. . lI'-l.l . .|'
o ' .- I s I. '
" 4' , '""r'. ' ,,' I' ' i' - ..'
..‘.- . :-t. .... \. ‘ A ...' . ..‘-I. ._1.1-...:lf=1-. U .I --"‘ t 1». .-:. ..
. _ n , r o If
.- -v .‘ '. I a. -- a _ v. .. .g l . .-' -
.. at..z..« ~ g ' 'l' .. - '.‘k‘. . 4" '..a~.’ ... \ .Jt'. .-‘ _.-' , .I‘ . 1.2.. '.
.I ‘ ' ‘. .‘.. '. o ' v
‘ " 0' ‘ I‘ . ' ' {..‘ ,. -.‘.‘."l I '4-- '.‘s .l'- f "- ['4‘]
\3. lg '.a .‘ ’~ \L. ' . 1 1.! I ‘1 ii 5.: ‘..-I ' -ln- ' A \a .‘ .~ — . .‘ ...‘ '
a '.'. \ ' .. a .. ,
~ -. ~ ‘t"". -. |".' -- . 'r -..v- ... ,- . ‘ 0‘ J"
- ‘...J-.J-‘ \IJ" .L .'i r ’- R.) J ."H't' \tn .’ . . '3'! I": '- ( Ian.-. -'I -.- -J In 3
. ..'. L. I. ‘.‘ -’ ..‘ ‘u- o a u" ‘| .1.
' ' ‘. » ‘ a I s l 1
.. '.. up“ ‘1‘. ‘IL 'I ’.’ \‘I-v 1'-‘ .'. i 'o r I!--}l,-: .. ..’
I ‘ . .
. . 3- . -' n _ o I-‘Ia ‘ 4“
\ '1-..) ‘4‘: ' inv a...»
'-
.. . ... . . _ ,
‘.‘. 'l I! .‘1' ‘ ' "-" "‘ t' ."' I .‘ a '3'- I .‘ ..'
n ' V " i-“‘ ...4. t -‘ J~~3 -—' 7 ' ‘-.I-I.' ‘ '4 I . J. L .‘.. . n"
. ... .'. ~ ...' '- . y . ,' v . -.--' M
./ '.‘:...W_,'. l-J.-- .'.MI' ..r- -»U s.‘~ 3.1.. is
‘ ’ I. K a ’ "
.x' . ' ‘ ' '\ ’ , '.O , .I (a - 4 .. ‘o- I V‘ ‘.-
”' ‘t\'a-¥ I A~'-’l‘ I: . "a‘ ‘ lot Jul "'~ "'"l ‘~a~.' ‘ _ 'J‘": !.~ -
.‘r' '1 I"... I ‘ I" 1' ' ' y' "‘ ". ' 2 J 2" " .'.. 'v .
I a ‘.I :1“; .1.‘ Ji)!.l: \.~.".lll.'..: I‘d "‘-I'.) LA‘ -.-) La: .1'.£-.l‘-. .'.]
. 1 . .‘ . ' - I' r -
up": ~,\~ ‘. I*< .“.' "" ‘v 5 ' ~' I.Ir(_\>._.
:..) -. . . .tL-Q- -31: .. .1 ’-. LI ...outl. ‘.J ”1..--.r.‘ __,. -J-‘..-'¢\
r " . 'l" 'I " 'U ' 4 "'i‘: I ‘. 1""- ‘ I ( f ‘.,"" f‘ ‘ " ‘
,I..": -.L. .'-..Ia. .'- (‘.‘: ...'. -‘..i I‘ . 5.“. .-(..-. ”baht. ._, kuxe. .‘.:.'=
C ‘p
v ' l- .
.' ‘ " r 'I ‘11 ‘ “ ‘tu '.' n 'L to: .‘.: ' " '.'. '.‘ '.y ." " 4 "“.""‘
:'--., . "I «..’.-w ,.-,. J .r . 3.4-..4... ‘ ‘1' .-.-J so . ..‘J. )J l II-J '.. ..-<.- )9. .‘.;z,
o
. ' P.
Q no... .‘.—’.-
‘ 1"; "'r “ : I-Ittc .' .‘ " ‘rv c. :-."3> r“ :‘V’iuopfii' "" "0(‘1: (I 5" "
.' u--. ImJ -- ' . _ _ \J .l. ..J'J -‘ ‘ “.1..5...‘ JO. -- rs -- s. ‘, . H .‘1... X.‘
‘ I ._,- . .. ..- "-,.'. ,. -‘ .- ~ 5 p- ~'.- r. - . ‘.‘- ,o I‘
. l J '.a .‘ '50. () X'IA" 2 ’11.) ‘4‘ ..U; l -‘ \_:—.0J .'.-' .I' 0:. -,:. _..
C
A s r - . . - ,. " \ - ‘ r
u ‘ .1 I I ...' I'-. 3 ..‘ ,. II I.. ' c- 0 III , 0 I .. ‘ . . o. '
a. ‘. ‘0 ¥;., " -.‘ :I.--~.81.“, .1 \'-l.‘u:!U-.¥ .‘ ’51,“ .L“ .‘.‘4‘:. i \ \ " t. 4 ‘ o- a
.. z y
. ' . , ..
‘ ,- . ‘fIv-II 1"th I-HI z“- , - s . . .,, ‘ .. . . I I ‘. l‘. ‘ , u . . -‘ .
..'... ..- ,u. ..,'~., ; .’.rxJ ..‘..fi‘nlg ...I.(.‘)ll.. .- V‘ L 3('| “ \.\{:'..t -'(J 1‘; !\;'- “is; w
. § ~
. .‘..- . *, | .3 1". \|"~ .I_ . I I III 'u'. "'; . f ‘I_ .. ...-.‘.;
" "_a~o‘ ‘ '. ¢~\-o I)! ‘ V ..'- .. D._ 1.0 x..‘. ... -. 4- ’ "11'(." -"{.-.'.l 3|... ..'.. —I. ‘ '..-.-. D- '= ‘0
~
a- ..'-l '.' ., r ‘ __ .- ‘ ‘ I !7‘
'.' _ ' I as o ‘ . I ..'.. - -- v- , ... E‘I .- ..
-‘-\"vs‘ )1 ‘ C.“ '-‘(~-I| ’ .,‘l V ‘5'. («F-‘.’ ‘.I-" --"l ‘9‘." " -’a‘-‘1 J :1 .v-‘- 1' .' “‘a;i.. _..

 

107

camping facilities, better roads, less commercialization
and less dirt, litter and polluted lakes.

Some campers indicated that they would pay higher fees
for better facilities.

E. Conclusions

With some Specific exceptions, there appears to be
little need for further land acquisition in Northern
Wisconsin. The report indicates that there is no need
in Sawyer County for additional general recreation lands
through year 2000. The report also indicates there is
3000 acres of top quality land available for development
on the flowage. The State projects a need for a scenic
highway in the vicinity of the east side of the flowage.

Qgtdoor Recreation: A comprehensive plan for Wisconsin,
Wisconsin Conservation Department.

A. Projected Demand Increase (Statewide) 1960-1980)

Driving for pleasure 811
Sightseeing 942
Picnicking 331
Camping 1801
Nature Walking 1341
Skiing 1532
Hiking 1482
Swimming 841
Fishing 201
Boating 1021
water Skiing 169%
Canoeing 151%

B. Facilities - The Northwest Planning Area

The Northwest Planning Area will have a greater
Capacity than their projected needs if the five year
program is carried out.

 

' 'n ' I.
.. A . q . a . a a '. l
' n 0 ' “~ ‘ - -" . - , .. ‘ ‘ ~ ’0 .' ‘ ' . ‘Q ' - r" " " *, 1 - I l' ' ' , 'r‘
11‘", .4 Is... -‘. t '- -L ‘5 ...‘ -,' ‘.' ._.Ar'l-‘. t ... - an):,' ..'. .L. .J .J . ‘.‘ t ' I '-.--J -.-. '5 '... ‘ ’D-’ ~1.45..-. .
1' ‘ - V“ ' - ‘ " . ‘ I '
'.. - . l . — '.. 4| a — 1» , n a I .‘
.'.. .‘-...,I_ I, =....'_:.-,“ - :st .L‘ . -..'}. t"‘ .-. l -c. .. 31:;
.‘ .‘. .‘ .‘. '_ ‘ . .,, . . l .. _. ..’ _ ...'.t‘ -\,,"-.. "..,i —' I‘l~ '-I' 7‘ L ..r . ._ ‘.‘ > ,
Q"): .' 'Al -.J. 1: ‘ "-‘ IJL'. " w 1. ' -3 ..‘-J». ". JI"~5..".n-:.'-n f. --., ‘._'. I... ..' ' .
A u \
‘ ' ‘ 5 r ..‘ . -- ' _' .. .
on. ... -.'- -v' .' .“v.‘. ..‘-T -34 . \' ."-.‘.'
'. , r, .. VI '
. UH. ...-a“. 1:! d ....
" , n . n —: - .
‘. ‘ - " I'.', .\ o- -. _ '-".. ' A . . ' "‘ .- ' ~ _' ‘ . V: 9" l\I -. , ’
1 ’ ; L'J 4...- _.. . '- "g ’-‘.._.='.'.:-: t .. \.L.:.~-(:.'s.yl_.v.-’.) 1).; -' -.»...‘.. La Lisa a .- -'- I
v .. . ~ g ' ~ - -. . . a .
I ~‘ - - A'_ - . ;_ -'. ~ ‘_ L "-..'. ‘ ‘ '. a .. - o- '- e a“ l-' _ .‘. ~ . {w‘ -5 l
25 -‘. ‘1' '..l J K - 1)-; 1' .L-J‘. -_. -I’ 1.1.“) -’§-'~ ..‘.) {..'Lc s'J. AHA-ol- v.9 .eIl.‘ .‘I( -'~ ‘ ..‘ J -l.‘ -0. -: -J - »-L
d
' \ a . . ‘ " I u I, V I
, ’ . . 0| - ' C . - ,. ' ... r - , - I I. . . _-
f ‘ 3.1.. '." \.._n d. ‘1‘“. s) 1.1.: J ‘.‘-‘Jx.’ I'...‘ a'-¢ .‘Jl.l - .‘ ~. ' I. .! - Ilft‘a. H--
..l .‘:._'_ L43“... . _-.< ‘.. -;'_..-L" ..,,-.‘.:L'-..J- - I .I “(.-. ...'.u”;- .I-. .' . l..-
.) a. \
I l
o ' _ . I g - I I 1, 0 .
' " . ' 'e n‘ P‘ ~' n’; \ ' > ' '" "a ‘l ‘ "",u ‘ V‘" ’ ""
t..-’. .._. -..... g. .c 1.‘.. 1-! L‘tad. h .2 J‘" ‘-'. "1‘-.. .‘I\)‘ .. -’.LhI -. .‘., J’K'-" .4
a -
‘ , 3‘... ‘ ._.r I ' ‘15. ‘ ..‘-'.‘ . ‘.'-1". I 1" r- v‘ - i. r , - . . ’.~
-.‘ .'....'..'|~lt,'_- ‘ l "‘ 4.1 -. .'.;L‘I 1‘-.‘.‘.“J.o' l¢"7'.'_ 2;.‘-' .d.‘ ..p \‘L'..l -' .' \4‘ . J I ‘.‘ _.'_
'.' . i I I g. ,. 1 . ‘. .- ‘ r-‘I.'n‘ . " .... .‘. ._ -“- ,-" ' ‘.' ' . , “ I . . ..~
'.-.-v]- ~' ‘ 9'.O I) - \. or ’ - “ :r‘ S ‘.lai‘ -.‘”; II L)."f' "- '.‘ .. '.' {1J- . ,(-~)v.‘l\\l _.. -' 'v.’1-.‘l ; 3.
_ ‘ __ ‘ a _. n ‘ 1-. ‘.‘. 3‘ . _ I. l ' e .. _ _. - '7 . . :
, . “ ‘ . N ‘. _ .’ f- .. . . . .. . . ‘.’ . ‘. _.' -. .
. : .'.! \1_I._. -:;;.l .- " . v.'.'.. I; .‘ ‘. ' ~J1J~1 —-(.‘ \ ~ -..‘-‘-‘.‘:U“ ‘1 ~.‘ I); g'.- ‘- 0' ‘.’«1
. \. y K.
V a V a ‘. '- ‘ 7 ' . ‘ n ‘ . . V ' ._
- . 0' l " ' "- ' ‘- ' v l.-».~ ' " ' -‘ .‘ ', ' "' .. "". " '.f "5 l '
( l‘-'— ' I1 l(: o ‘.'..J —' ‘.J o- ’.' .-»‘-'. V ‘ a. V -'. “‘1: - i 5 --d ‘ .‘ (..' ~n) .\ o if -f -~ _ ‘ I -l \ - ’.‘ . .‘ ‘- ‘ . ‘0 -L ‘ '
‘ — o a. UC“.I‘I...~~.-~ ...4 use. a: ...‘-....—
II V v
- ‘ - an, '. .. , I - '.’. - ‘ . . f: . u,
...' as ' ...' .L‘ai- . .- -.Jlfiu .. 31.14‘ t l‘. fluff“ -:8-.‘.-'
'.‘ " . - i .’ I “ . ,‘ -‘ -" ,. fl .. .‘ " _ , ‘ x ‘ . I ‘
\‘ . ..._ "'=- - '\ )-...-'.' . J'-.) “*d'1‘34~'a5-. Lt ”- ' '-‘ A: 4.5»; "(-‘-..‘ 0:.
a.
|. n . ‘ I - - c a
. ; : -... ‘ ‘ . . ._. ,1 . ‘ .
c, .L‘) .15):.:.. L3. r -.L.«. ‘.‘»-1. .-. . ‘..
; ' l v- a .\
.‘ . . . 5" .‘. - .
' (a 4.2-. , 14.. a. ‘\~a.i a; -I' ’ '
I n. :- l‘ a
'.‘. "a I
O .14 ‘ (‘...-'0' o-aIJ-I-..
. 9. a
. . .. , ,
f: ‘ ‘\ .‘. . 3‘: .l-sa‘
' I
~ '_ ‘, . I 3 ,,
V . 1 f: ' vv‘ -. “'1 r- z: x
c. . .’_|_ Ada-L _I.‘.l' ~ . ...- §D ...»
.7 . . .
. l h .
. .._.r. u. _' I. I
. u
' ' .' I ' - .°
c.Lr."-- ." “3;”..- a
' u a ,
. . .‘ 'l
c.‘.'~ ..‘" .4" *.'t.
"1'.“ , ' 3"
u ' ~ , 3.
c. ‘Jea ‘ a .. J ...a_,‘ ,x
\ .-“ L . ---
(‘..: ‘-J-‘~ ‘ "---\\'='.\r'
, o u ,
Q 4".' l 11., .‘ ... ~! "7" .x a '
(,z". .-‘. , . ...u....g .... .a :‘J ..
4 “ - a
I - u.
a L‘u-‘L lJ..‘..('r .‘«.
p _ I ; . ' - ‘ -. ‘ . o. ' a .s o .. r.
('I ' “ ‘ g. n ‘. _e '.', |..' “i’ _' 'v- ' " - I l‘ 'v _
' 3'" . .n1_n.[...s}_;,'_ V .J n.. - .:....‘ “(an 1:5... " lie-34d- -.'... -I‘f-) . o h
' I- a u a, -
r v' e . ~ - . . ' ,a - . _ _\ . _ _.. ,, .. n"
.- - - L'- ‘..H.‘ T ».I n . .1, ~ 0 no _... '. - up a
Y .' . J . a I 4‘ a.» I v‘. A ....-.-~‘. - ' .. . , 1.1.x.) '.v.-.:. .. a (4..) ”0.14.1 .‘J- l ._ .. ...‘.
f"“,’ “7”"! 's; " L" ..' (‘4': '[ 3 l“ ' ‘. .'a-.'J' ‘ '1-” .'.“ full“ ‘V" In“ "'1
-. ..7 J v - -. ‘ -.‘: -4 -. 1.. . .‘. t -r.~-l .-.: . k -. - --. 31.-) .11., .'..J ..,,.._.~...,.I-:...,
g \- a‘ h J
\ '. U - ‘ 5 r "
- ‘ ...' V . . . . ‘._,‘ . ...-w .
...‘-.H! v .a-...'t-.};a.J (...I. J .‘.. ‘ 1“ -‘.-‘-
.t

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Year No. of Campsites No. Available Excess
Needed

1965 1627 2675 1048

1970 2132 3325 1193

1980 3146

 

This excess may help to fill the statewide deficit.
C. Conclusions

Acquisition of higher quality sites than those

already in public ownership might be justified

in order to provide quality camping experiences,

not presently available in quantity.

Conservation Needs Inventory: sail and Water Conservation District.

A. Developments needed for Sawyer County

Campgrounds 33 units
Cottage Sites 2555 units
Flowages 8 more
Wildlife Wetland Development 2035 acres
Wildlife Habitat Development 1840 acres
Recreation Trails & Walkways 433 miles

B. The S.C.C. projected a need for 15,000 cottage
sites on the Chippewa Lake Flowage.

Recreation Management Plan: Chequamegon National Forest based
on the N.F.R.S. Inventory. -
A. Projected Demand - 1960-1980

Activity Projected Demand (visitor Days) Increases in‘7.

1960 1980 '1
Camping 26,000 520,000 2,000

Picnicking 34,000 88,000 258

I:

 

 

 

——n_~nm_--~—-~--~—l——---a-——--~luv-—-——‘-.n-—-------00-—-----—-----~-.

-~'*--~v*~...- “-..‘-..‘". - -vw.-.--.so up “I.- - -------s G“: us’n- o Os. 0 o .. ---—2 ...- a... C '-.-.o- - —~-..~ -- _-s- -.-- -0

r .~ I - . ' . m ‘ ‘
. . 1.f- . r '- . r ‘
(.'1 . r, \- .‘..u. 1-2.... '.I‘.' . or. - . Ls..-3 ..- 1.. .d 1‘

.. -_I' 9 - "7
' . I.
“‘...-9' - ‘- .'. . ‘.'-L "‘ -"C'- -'-’.--A" --:..O' .- - -I-- .~-~-~.vfi - -._--‘.-v- .-0 O u. ,‘O-*."c—.-I-'-g-o- -'.-“ _-~'- -.

. “ .l\ ‘.' u o - H
*. -- ’_\ .... \ .‘.;J. '-‘l .L
1‘: . . .' .'-? 51“--

', ~ -'-. . x. x. - '.. -1. ... \J \ “e ..‘c

..)-_-J.L' ‘..! ‘.’:

..'.—A... -~- bv.-~-‘-a . .‘.- h'.~-O—-~.- .5 .-. - ... ‘-.-~o-7‘... - — .0 .---.-v .0 -‘. *~-s-.n-In' .1 -'- -‘_ -5 c. -v- v' -‘-..-Ol-l~.~--‘9.

‘ .- -' l 2 ' I u
‘ ‘ .‘ in I 1 . r u > , ' I_‘! ._. "“| r , I‘-
.u-.. _ - .' - . _- .- I. -1 "'..J .’-- .'.l. *‘u ‘ .. i.I \‘fa Lain. -.'.' ’ ‘...A -.
- n

- .‘_ - -- I V . - . ., .' . f.
. . V. , o \ \c '- .2 . . . r a a; I.
,",f-'., .,_- ‘.q -.‘ _. -1 V. !~J. " '11! .'.":-' .‘. 1—‘ -.‘.. JV"‘J-‘-‘-=§.f~-."'~ ~'~
, r 3 I.) _l
- r , I ' " o | I .‘ V i * u
. 4 ‘> ‘ ' ,1- ~ ’.‘ :' . - ; - ;. .- . f . r- ' . . y . : (s . . m
.'. a- -‘..1...-.~.'..‘: -11., .‘.2. 1:.':.‘..-. 112.4- .o.-.'.\.'A.h 1..., \, Ln 5-22.5
‘. ' Q I ‘
‘ O - I I . ' ~
.' . . ,, _> .. _ 1‘ 1.,. .I,_ 2 - . '...“. .._! , .‘. .. .' . .... A ‘ p
(C-.. 1.: Au-..- {$21.3 (...‘ W -.‘;.l 1‘5“":J'L.” ”-1 lb.“ (3.3 .~:~“’.{(fi If;
,. , .. ..
. -- ‘—: 'r. r .I a... 2' '. W.- ""‘x .. - .
. ‘.'...5 111). '..J “1-. ‘....L’ .‘....un: a la . J..: 1 . ’-‘. ' .3 _ H
L - .

. . ... , . .. . ‘ . .. . . .
"‘,‘ ,'~ -' 1" . ' ..‘ 1‘ 1' (a _ 0:". 1 ouva' 4 , I .. '- "' A.
..J '...l—‘ ‘0 ’.'KVI..." ‘ a. .1.‘ v ‘ :J\ \4 .s- '-o , D . '1’." .1. .0 {1‘ . .‘.- r. ‘.‘ I: ‘L’: J. '1‘ I. .' I (3-. .v a 3 I ' ‘

- .p v- .- 0 -. ..p a -.- . ...-0 ~ . O - - . n . - -.--
... .‘ ‘.’. y .'- " I. - . I I. v ' -\ '0 "4-‘f-I.- .- I - 1
a. .llJ.-'\.".~ -’. ‘ ‘ V ..IL‘ ..‘. ‘ -"4‘ ,-"t) is J...- |"(.‘.."’,.' f‘.’\ . '.'.
I
.‘ b If ' \ c‘ '
', so- u l' as, ‘0 ‘.o". .._ " 1” ' \‘
. . s. ._.: d. I
> ' ' , ., f3 ' l ‘
.‘.l-‘o-‘ ”-1 ‘w 'u s- 4. $ 4~J v. . -'~ls.l-"-'l
,2 * ., . .
" '. " ' Cr | :v' 0-..
a
‘ . 1. l P V . ' n r ' l
. ,ya " °" ' r z ,. . . \ '~‘ . 0 I ' a- -L' ' ' t.
61.. - ..':‘0 ‘..., . .ilu'- : l . {If} l"1"."-’.~.-~;.. ~t‘-..’ ..'.. .{w’ '1
. ' t I ' a p o
. -. ' 1! '~ '5' "'( : \7 5 '.‘ ,.v. \' "I . 1! f’
k' . ~- '-' .’I '< -~ 9.4.1 ’ -.- ‘ . ’ a. ‘.'.‘.. i-‘I' ..‘- .‘.j, ."I,.
. ._ . ' I '. ‘ . c
. - . . . ' -v -. vw 1‘ r ' ' \ \ u. . _o. f— . .
t. .....L ‘. -.‘ ‘Lw 4.}. o . -J t..;.-|. :. .5. tutu---.‘ :13 . ’. -
, “-13-, r . , ."'. , ' _- . ; .,A . ,. ’. ..‘... ‘. ..g . ' ’. ' . .-"" ‘I
y , . . . . . ;\ , . . s .
'...~-J..‘.'..) Brutal. .'..(...- ”.... LA .4 x 4.1.). 2‘65." 0"‘ok.a * .11.}. on
I .-
I I- - ' ' u o ‘
3 ‘ ‘2‘ I "(3 1 .3: '. I} " ' C‘r .'s.v ‘ ‘ ’. ~' ( . f}; *v fut H u ‘5 .‘~
. " I P ~-.» -"- tilvil‘,‘ Dj~:“- ‘-:"- I." ' .. A ...‘ . "I ‘|-:~‘l
7‘ _r. , ' " ’-. '.“; . ..‘. ,‘V.' ., ._.-.7 -‘.... .' ‘ h A . .-g'n‘ ...» a '
.“ kJ .10..3.‘.\$'. .'...‘J-i", -'.;1}; tic-'.‘: J".J.-‘.v...‘ ' .2..','|,,_ ._i.,!'.'~ .. '5'.,!'l. }".’_-.'.,_'-'. F -
‘ ,. -‘.-nu. -0. ...'-0 hr. ‘1... ~-.—~a ..---.-..v.<—a-"
_ _ , ' . I -.. . .
v"! « ' __ V r . ‘ u 1: .‘ ‘. . -. 4.1.
Q ; A‘J-i I- ."¢’1.£.‘. . . J». '_‘. g I"... ...‘1 J "
u
{‘43 T 1'”. i r. ‘ . ~ ' .‘ . I. \ ‘-
. - ‘ ..‘, ~ - .-- . .,,, - . .
..‘ L r!- \l‘ i \ .. ‘~)“O"~ '.4‘ \i LU .J ~: ~.‘ ‘ “0- 4‘ . l"
. . I ‘ . -r ’0 -. -' ‘ . o l ‘ f ‘ u . ' . . , ~ ‘ v . ‘
’ ‘ ,_ , ., . .. .. . A -7 , - . 2' ' . _ . - ...' . ._ ,\ -_ ..., .’ . . .t
0‘ 1“)” L. : ‘ ‘ A " '(' ‘ - ‘ \ " I . I" ‘ I -’ 1"" I“ (J‘- ‘u I. L ..‘ {J-l ‘- ' 5- . ~' A ‘ k ' ... .. h». .: . a -! .A ' - .
up I... .

 

Summary

109

Information statements made in the Survey

In the year 2000, a shortage of land suitable
for camp and picnic grounds will occur.

The Forest needs to acquire potential recreation
sites on larger bodies of water through acquisition
on natural lakes and by reservoir projects that
will provide some potential sites when developed.

Camp, picnic and swimming use at good sites with
improved roads is at or above capacity. Occupancy
is closely related to water-oriented activities
and access road quality.

The florwage area is one of the highest quality
potential sites in the State. The water resource
‘makes it so. Since the Forest Service will provide
the best quality site at the lowest possible price
to the consumer, almost any number of sites that
the Forest Service creates will be completely
utilized since no other private individual or
agency would be competitive.

Potentia1.g§ Lake Chippewa Flowage: based on the standards
for use set in the Wisconsin Outdoor Recreation Plan.

A.

Maximum.capacity for use

‘Water Surface use (maximum)

waterskiing 431 boats and skiers
Pleasure boating 862 boats

Fishing 2156 boats

Swimming Maximum is ahmost unlimited

Land based activities based on 6000 acres of developable
land (maximum) and water usage.

Camping 1800 units
Picnicking 4800 units
Hiking 150 miles

I:

 

 

 

-‘ .
I

 

u
1

..-

. ‘.
.

M

£4 L}. _; .

 

 

B.

110

Optimum Use 0

Although the resources are capable of providing
for a very large quantity of facilities, it is felt
that no more than 851 of the mainland shoreline
and 95% of the island shoreline should be developed.
The unique attractiveness of the Flowage is the
undeveloped character. This must be preserved.

'-

 

 

 

 

CHAPTER IV

THE DEVELOPMENT OF‘THE CHIPPEWA LAKE AND ITS ADJACENT LANDS

Recommendations
When developing a Master Plan for the outdoor recreational
activities on the Chippewa Lake and its adjacent lands, it is
necessary to examine the influencing factors pertinent to the
Lake itself, and its surrounding lands. These factors are:
(1) location of the project area to major urban centers and
local communities, (2) highway facilities - conditions and
accessabilities, (3) the physiography of the area, (4) the
climatic conditions, and (5) the natural resources which the
future of the Lake is dependent upon. This information along
'with outdoor recreational trends and.projections has been
presented. The author will now make recommendations which he
feels will benefit the needs of the future generations.
These recoumendations are:

1. Protection of the water duality

2. Preservation of the Natural shoreline

3. Control of recreation development
In order for these recommendations to be effective, certain
Inetboda, such as zoning, setting guidelines, and strict control,
‘will.be necessary. It is the zoning which will designate the

‘use of each area. The guidelines will stipulate the quality of

standares which the control element will have to enforce.

 

‘I r t I
. ,. 1 . J‘ A
a .‘ I l .
\ .. . .._» ‘ - L7 .- | I . -‘ ‘.. ‘ l .
, ‘ ‘. ‘ .3 L
- o .' ..‘.. c ' .- — ...-a ..--.'--
‘ . o 1(- I
.’ . . ' \ . .... , '. - ( T“ ., -‘. . . . i . 3,. , . . . . .7
’ ._,. L- - '- .L - ., '- ...—J -‘.- - ). ... I-.. .1 . A.. 1 ..’. 3.]. e '.‘..‘N
I. a _. ' «a - . I ~-_ 0 , a
‘ ' . . ‘ ' ' .r , . . fi - ‘ 0" -~‘ ‘.. ‘ I -: ' . ‘v . 'v ‘ r‘ ‘ a '3‘
t.-- er. (I... ... v-, .- . . ‘i. . - ‘ . -4. - a . \. --- ..- -
v ' . l
‘ " "» - r . a v u I ‘ . - - ‘1 2' ‘ h
a \ - . ' I .'. - ' .' _ I. 1'. - ' .-_-1);. -’.; .- .. «-. . ‘ Lunar -' '1'
. N I ' . O I I
r . - .. - ‘ - -. .. . ..- ..‘.. . . . I, ‘ - !‘ ..’ , . fl .
. -. ’ ...‘ - - .. . .. u .- Q ‘...l; 1-. ‘ 1J- A-.L.JU-...-.IQ ‘_.....A . . . t - -. ‘.‘... . .. s
r )1 . - a a .5
...‘ .7.. V.‘ .. ,, .,, , ,. —' ,, . . ...' , , ._.,. (. , .s . _- u ,. I . .‘
. a , _ . g . t _ . . . I -
. .1 '1 '_'_, _'... ‘uJJ. ‘.. ‘.‘ 'V ‘.u.) . k ‘ . ‘ .1 ' Inj -' ..' U ..’ .- (_'. ‘I .‘1 ‘.t n " ‘ (J. ~ « ‘. i. v\ I
‘u to. K
. . .. A. a . . o ..\‘ . . P ,
.\ o — . > '1'. n . x . - ‘ ‘ , I -. - ' - v r f‘ A
g I'. I I
._‘A‘ {..‘.x‘- - ‘1. ‘ ~. . '.a ‘u- ‘.'“ -.- ~—.'~. . v‘ -‘ --1~-" \-.l ‘ - .‘. ..‘- A ’J. , \’-J ...:‘3'w'd-
l \-
\ . - , ‘.‘ , u '— I
"' --. ‘ ‘ '1 ‘- "‘ '-. . '.‘ L ._. '.', Cr,“ . -. --‘J:‘ 3': o. r‘ .- .-‘.'
§ 'I -'Q- .I ’~ A " V v '
. d \a I c —- - . $4-1 - g ‘A . -.. ’ - 5L. ‘ 4-..] \k. ‘ ... - -1 . h J y

' ..' . ‘ ‘..: -' "49- ' “ ~ ‘ ' -. "' ' "‘ ,‘ I." ‘.r .- ‘
~1..- ...--'....:.' ..‘.? .-.i (4., '-’. .‘.r. _.J.'....:- .7212: \— Luf. stung”..-- -. .2431) .’. --1-‘.-.

. v '. . , ‘ ' r , .
‘ , - _ . _ . - ‘ . '. '. .:_ . - .. ... - ,,
. .. _ l I. \ -‘e ‘ --‘ -11-». t»; .. . .LuL‘ .5 ..‘... J ‘l'~a\.;-. ’5‘ L1,. .‘.- -\,~ ‘1 .. C’ I-.IJ-.1.-
. v - u v . . 1 ' a
' v a o r ’ - ,_ ~ - - f . r . r ‘.. -. ~- ‘ I_‘ , -‘ .,,A —- .A_ , ..‘ -. ‘> - ..‘ ,. -~ -
;. ~. 2. -.x‘ Ii. 1-. _.-, -« “. -'. '4".- . k.‘ ..-.I-.-’ .1.;,i_'"-,‘- -...-‘-‘.c..,.-.. ALL- ..‘.LI\J -J...‘... ,
- o . ’.' I . ' .
. - .. . - ~ ,, . 3 I - ‘ 'l‘v ‘ ' r ._ _. ,
I -‘A 1 - , . I -. C _' ... '.' ' . I .A-‘\‘ -a ‘.‘ II» ( 5; ......- “ —" e. - ~-~" J J .A. . ' _;J: \J J
. _ . '- Iv , '_ - a 1 ,
3‘ . < c , ~ . ‘ ' a , V . ‘.' . _‘ ’- I ‘ ~ x‘ o v . . ' . ,' _ l _. ,. ‘ 7- . . . _
I . ‘.3 L -- ‘1 " .. ‘. - . - J..:-. - 31.4 o-t; kJ‘,‘ J IEI ‘v‘fn‘ cue-'.- .- 3. 'lk} 4.2. .; '.' 3‘. — .4..-
r l
. . , . - ,. , .. ...... . f ..- ‘ .
\.|,- .. ' ‘. 1].: 1‘ " ..-‘ .' . -.
; m“ .'- - ‘ -.'- - “< -* “a —- - -- . M fl - C— .
I
I
I is . .
\.--'-. ..' . 4-,'—- “s - -.-' . y =.. 'A '
’~' -0 o -'. I -'.J .'.- ' .v )2" ~. ’.‘. -§ ...’ L) '.r ‘ .. ‘3 ~J~ at '. -’ . . .L
. r ; _‘ ..‘ l . '1 1‘ - f‘ . .‘\
, ‘ . , , ._ ’1 ,. -' . ._ . .—. - -. -‘ ‘.
' _‘, J. V .1 . .‘ ‘1 -_‘ ..‘. . '- -. .'.;‘I- " a ". r J .3 .... (J 1.! (J ..'. ‘1 ."3 ‘/ -'. ’ gr. . -‘. _'_ . .’.
I . r C . ., 5‘ . l 1‘ I‘
' ' 'u . 3 ' , _ '_ 'r r;- , v' ‘ -. .. " '. ' . ~ 1
-113 ' ‘.' J». .’ ‘.', ' I K, ....J h ‘ .. J- »' .‘. ...i__' -‘.. L -..‘ L4 5 s. C ‘,
‘ ‘4 ' 1 o I. . ~
..- F ,_ .-. .. - . . ._. -.- .4. . .. _ .. .- . - . .
. "s.‘ _ . l . \ . .1. - a.
. - .'.‘...~. » C I»..-I. ........I .u \.; r:n.{.'_.‘.,j,l-.1. u(. .'--u n-, .._: ..',“ -. .\‘ . -
v ' _. -k '1 , v» r n ! ‘a- u on f . r o ‘
I , ‘— ‘ "' ,_I 3 ~. r" . " ‘ ‘o' i ‘ " ' r - ' I .'. ay o~ «-. .
I . . . . . a , -- - . . .
<-- -‘~~’ L ~ul -"-"- —~~~‘l 1‘..-) c ll~-'l-«¢-..-- ,- "c-4" .1 .. --’.-' s‘J-- 1- ‘t»4;1..‘l.5“ ‘ ‘.I I !‘-- Ii". t \. K -
w ‘ .- - - a I . Q n r . U
l ‘ 0 :I ' I ' ' ' fi ' 9 ' ‘ “ ‘ ‘1" ‘ \ 'I' ( '4_ ,. . g
'.A ‘5 J.» ‘ a _. _ « '5 -..‘. .‘. ' 1.4—5. .o ‘ ‘t - :A‘ ‘1‘. ’.‘.J 1 .‘. . -L . ‘ _ ? ’77‘L1;. .) ‘ _‘ :. .1 '1';-
,_ . M
' I V' I ‘ I .q g D A
*, (,4 " - r. w, " ."'-. ‘ h 3 ‘v -- -- " ' rs ' v r ‘ n I ( "
‘ ' . . - _‘ l , ' ‘ .
- ‘.‘.- -. ,J- I“ J - 1! —-~- - .1 ‘.l ..-.-- ‘o .. . .... ...- . '. ..i.~r-‘ \. 4.1... . a |...‘ -\ t ...." z ,I - \J . * "

 

 

 

 

 

 

112
Protection of the water Quality

The importance of this Lake and its watershed is vital not only
to those who are directly effected by its presence, but also
everyone in the entire region. This water area is too important
to have people neglect and misuse.
From what vantage point do the events of nature unfold
with the greatest intensity? Over water, of course.
the esthetics associated with water are one of its
greatest uses. No one is restricted from this element
of enjoyment by arf nor is anyone hampered significantly
by economic maans.
Some restrictions which will help maintain a high quality are:
(1) have strict controls on sewage treatment within the area,-
(2) step up erosion control and other watershed management

practices, and (3) limit future construction (public or private)

from.developing directly on or within direct from the water.

Prgservation of the Natural Shoreline

In order for the natural beauty of such an area to be maintained,
unlimited development of the shoreline must be stapped. Chippewa
'Lake offers the public a naturalistic shoreline that man will
not be able to duplicate.in the future. Because of rapid de-
velopment along all shorelines and conflicts from multiple
ownership, areas such as this, once lost, will not be repro-

duced for man's enjoyment. The natural shoreline should be

 

1The Natural Resources 2§_Northern Wisconsin; p

' l
I --
r . ’ I.
-r ‘ .. If... - . . a u i ‘ ‘. . ‘ LI - ‘ '
I . - . ,:
. _J _ . ‘ - . ‘ o .‘ .. ‘.. .. - . ~. N .
«*- - - - _... _-. ‘ - ..- ”-.....- -¢ ......p “-‘--v

 

- ' ' i v “ '0 r . '
. e - so I, 3‘ ‘ i ‘ - . I r I
- .U . x :4 -. .._. ., . '.-: _ .. ‘1“. .171” o- A _. - “ " -.~- - .L: 1-1..
M
. , , ' ' ’ s» , ' . ‘-‘ I
. < - - - . - . - - . . ~ I _ I
| . . . ‘ . .. ~.: - ‘ - -'. . 5. -.‘ s .»L. -) -.- - - .'. I n' - 7’ L'as . ’jflfl'i ‘1 [-..
-_ ~ - ‘I u u
1 . ' u 1'. I . .. A a _ \.
- ' ' I. ~ '*‘ :v- , - . , ‘
4A .n‘ _‘ ~ ' - ,1." V.— ' ’- - - ..‘ - ‘. .13L.-.. - .. - r.- -. '4 ' «1.-.: Ah. 11k. 3.-. I '
‘ Q J .
, o A . ,\ ‘_ ,. r. .. . ‘.. , 'F
‘ . «I - i l -' ‘ -_ -~.’_- . 'A' ‘,‘_-" 9L )V .‘ \ no
* u“
. ~ . s .
. V ' i -' .. , , .r . I, _v _v . ‘ 4‘ .‘-: ...‘. - ..' - .
l - f - A...’ .‘-£'~:§a-i . '.‘ ka.)-.-‘ . 4' --'.._. " .' \ ..l-.’\.‘.* - , '--- I, ‘.J .o‘ ' UL. J '
.. »
' . ‘ , - '- - ~ . . -3 ' .. ..~ ,, . . -.-- _. '..
".".' ' > ' ' _~."" ' - '. . ; v .~ - ..‘ ._ v,
. ‘-.-'.4-(..' - (I ‘.o. -\l~ ---. a‘.‘ s s .4.L.‘ ..'-. is... ."...--I.I~ ...' . ....) 1..) .
-
.
' ‘..! 1 ‘v.- 't" ”~ ': "’ ‘ ' ‘ \ 2‘" I. '\ ' .i 9‘ ' ‘ I “ . J 'r’ ‘u
' -_. ..'. .. ‘.-. .'i..1' ..': .‘.. ! a'c- ... - .u l.. ‘.- \. t~ ‘...; no...“ C (a ‘....b L. - ...-.. 1..1L.-.‘ . ~
-;_ . . ‘ . i -a . . . .,- . .'.." , . _ ~ ,1 . .g ,_ - '.‘ 4..
. _. . . g _ . _ . u
u ‘..‘JJI - ._L.T (.-'.—-.‘.! '1 k. .4 - .'- -- ~I_. - ~' -1- l -- 'h’IO- ~..Ie'l(c' (JJJ . "~"-’ .-~ .-' e ~- ~. . ' I “I
.7 ' . ‘ ‘ I . ... nu ' ..‘ ' . .
‘ I a V y ’ ' " -. . s ‘ I" ‘ :‘u - r' ', _ ' :_v .2" ;. . "' ." , ‘
,3 . .. . , v . . I - , , - ‘ .. ~‘ ' ' '
I ‘-... ¢ ~....,- _.I ‘.. '.. - d-I ~. .‘.. I t ‘ .‘ L--. ‘1‘ I! '.’-a. .. a ..’-t ‘I .‘. ..' - .
u
.5 __-'~‘} _ .\ . A .'.. .. '
. (.usa‘ ‘. -‘ \"J. ‘ 1k , .. I
o
i
. , s . . ‘ u s ‘
o . I." ‘ r ‘ kn. . ‘u‘ . 1 ‘ , I j r. ‘3' ‘ 4‘ " 1 7‘ ‘: ‘, --.' . ,
. 7.1 I .‘-.J. _. 4' n .1- _ L. l 1', Is A . . _', -g..._‘. o .0' .‘.' ‘...i c as ‘... —- \O (.4 " 4 . x
I -
. ., I
. - . . - ' . n. x. .x . . ’
..,, . ,_ s ... . , -3 ‘ ,' A .‘-: . . . .x. . nu. . — ,. . _ .’ ‘1‘ a.“ .
t . '. ) \' ‘-.. a . _. A s) .'. ;‘ -' ~v 7‘- \J i ' Is :1 ‘JO 0.».(‘--J!~C' ’ - -I- r- 5- cu) I -..'l- ‘.‘:
4 ’ \ ' ' . I .\
. .'. .V v ' ft 0 ‘ . 1. sh ‘ ' " ‘ '» I I . ' ,
..,:-. .‘ ‘1‘. . I I ‘..; —. _r u .'. - ..-! s.) s. so.’ ADJ-:aJ‘} ' ‘ ‘,I.' {a -‘-.. A ‘.’ \ . -1 K. \ I
. l

s

 

 

  

' T ' l ‘ ._. . .- ._ - ... ~ .. a
. -- .4 . ._ -. 'L ...x. .1 ..’.") ...-- . :J..'....J_‘..-. ..(1 1M '-'... .— him. 1.}. _,- ’.’:L . L.,'-.
I
. . i h ,I - __ . -_
.. “-1; ~ ' - -'. "-». *1” "a? - 'f.‘ 2"." .5": SI"; ._ "-'

. . g I .~
-.- o ' ..,,- .- ‘. v "-~ .- - all .-‘-- -‘ -‘..--~.0--- o-v'o- ..‘-....-- --'-

 

 

l ‘ 4' I- a. - v
.v .- . ' . . - .. - ct . -o , . . a ._ .. .' .. , J . ..- .‘. .. . , ,
g ~ t ‘ . I ‘ A‘s I g A I . ‘I’ . I -" ., ('0' ' } . . " I
(l . L—-. J-ai‘.. .a.. .-' u \‘g ..'.L..J i. F) .L... n-‘ka .— (2 ‘.-?" J\‘\§ $5.! .'uhlquIJ :)L.-.J .21." .‘ 'J‘- .' (J LA.‘
I
I
' . D . V ‘ - , t f- s 1. r
1‘ I -- .r I J 1 ' '- ‘ it i - " "' ‘ r— "I " V' " '.r ‘ ' ‘ .
- ' - - I f- ‘u _. ' vs, ’. ‘ -:1.-.- -..‘ {_ds )1-..) pt! .Jt.‘ ‘.‘ ‘_‘ .‘. ,‘ I ‘.' t ..‘.v. -,-.i.-f
“ ‘ ' -. \ ' ‘ "‘.‘. ' .7 . ' ’- 0- ‘ 9 ..' I. I \O‘ I " "‘ ..‘ f‘ . 'f’p " " {'“~' ' 'a. : '. .‘ 5' — '
.... n I k! ‘ I’~ ‘1 "' u} ’4-‘a-J. - v: {-1- ‘1 ..‘}...E. ‘00. .... ‘h'l - nI-z {ILA l --’.o.-. '--:J-".l : ll..- 33 JV ’ -..- \' : . u L
- ‘ v “ - r 0‘ "‘ L . r - . . ‘ " ““' 1‘ I '.' .' '- " W .- I 'v '.' m r "‘ ~ 7 " '
' V 1 V . I 0 a ‘ ‘ “
‘.’ a l“ _rv a ‘ -. g 4“) \ujv as‘ .4 ..‘. . s) n-vnl ‘.ni~ .I. ~ ‘-’s-i 1 --!. ...‘ Ju’"*--I '1‘. ’3- L J . -- '\.. 4’ - ‘1 v: M ‘J
7 , ‘ ‘ ‘. . ..- ' . l' r p -. r
'.', ' - . . , , :x.‘ ,. -’.. , . —-~ ., " ,- ,_ ...; - . ‘.. y'- ‘_. _. . fl - - . 1 g '1 .» ,. ’ or
’.‘-L‘ _.d-..-.!. l \- -.‘an- tad~)m-. ..“-‘“.u’~:’ 31“.) '.’ '-:‘o .'. ."I—(-:- 3.. .‘.). 6') ;!J(.:_:. :“V -1 :3! -!J-‘_I(.'.L._i '
.. . . “ r; ,. r '.’ ' ' ' ~ . ' ' i '
-I' " . ' 1 , -_ j c r - ' I". " u‘ g . v‘ 1‘ ‘ st _ ,- ,
‘.‘—v ...o -s -ld . ( '.1 -..‘.-. . it. 0.4.. ‘VLJJAJ L... [141- IJK'J‘) -'.-c. ‘Oiiafi'. -. L U
‘ ' II
. ' ' . . . . ..'. 1 ,. . . ‘ I ' ' .'
. ’ ‘ o ... - . '1 v ' ’ ~ ‘7 . -_ a- ’ . . . o 9 ’,~ ,~ ‘ )
-‘-t L _44L4au ”tbs—3.-» ;--‘ lu'J J. ...‘ L.1 '11! ' . - 0-11:”! . f‘ v... ; U {-i "Mi“ lU-‘n LQ‘ "
‘
- -—— “---‘”-u—c—~-a~.qv .- an“ "“
a a . s . . ...‘ I. ' }
' ' .u '. n' 1 ' ’ 'l. J '_ ° ' ~.v . ‘ a. ‘. .5 l' "- e -,‘ ‘ a h." -‘.. , ~' . 51-.
f ‘ . _ ...;. r ' . .. L -. J -. .‘.f p. - {I (_..a ., - rvk g .' ‘ __ ., “LL; ~‘. g r.
' -‘- ~-- -.‘-" -‘.“- .-‘ -.' ' '- ”ml- “.0 ~>" '- ‘ ~“.§.M . - ‘*' -'.-~'-- . '.‘--.

 

 

 

 

A -.e — _.-——

113

maintained around the majority of the Lake. With 92% of the
shoreline presently being in a naturalistic condition, and the
majority of it under one ownership, it will never be easier to

maintain.

It should be stressed that if and.when development does take
place, that it should be done on the eastern side, as the
majority of existing development is in this location. This
zoning will allow development to be somewhat concentrated,

and leaves the remaining portion of the Lake in its natural
condition. All developments should have mooring sites for
boat use and any swimming areas located in areas of low duality
fish management. Finally, trees and shrubs can be planted
where the shoreline condition permits. This would improve

the littoral zone, as well as screening undesirable sights.

Control gg'Recreation Develogment

Since the chief concern of this author is the preservations of
the scenic beauty which Lake Chippewa and its adjacent lands
offers, it is suggested that all development, whether private
or public, be under strict control. The necessary precautions
to prevent pollution control, density per acre, and unsightly
developments must be implemented. It would. seem advantaguous
that a State or Federal Agency should be the administering

organization, as tight controls such as mentioned earlier, would

 

 

 

 

A.
a .. _
. 1 a , . , - . , _ \ .
, . ; ' ' l u‘ “\‘ 'a . : ' , ' "' .. " ' ' " ' P‘I ' ‘ . ..'
....-. ..‘: c. . - -.'. a .1 . w .'1._. -k “-I_. -( Ln sJ ~ I »-\ 1- a- .-
,‘— r n . f-"v . '.-.r .. j .' =:'-.
'.“.a‘ lr" t --('- J..! .IJ‘ s! -. -.~- .-.. .11. ‘-'~- -. '.‘ It... I-.. I ~.. s b. ‘.‘r.l -- 1‘4- .‘. ’
l
' . a . “f 1‘- r I . I ' v A ‘ n " - " "‘ .l ' ‘ I I ..‘ .l . ' - H
-- —— .4. ‘ \ -' :-' I" “A -. - ~‘- t ‘o I. i' - " . o‘\ ...‘ u E-" ‘ s .4. - ‘l , u d. o \‘ ‘
. . _
. _ [‘-' _ ’.'
.IJJ_.. A.‘-- ' '
, ‘ -. u , r r" O . r ‘-
l ‘ '- ‘ V ‘ . . ‘ - ‘ " " 0 “'V‘ '. ' . "i . " . "II .'o '
a ‘1 'I . '.. -1 e ' ' ‘.. . u) s . a .1 . '. - .' -.. ..'. 4‘ l..~’ L- i ‘ . .4 J u c- H J - .'. 1' \_‘ .— ‘.. ._. J.
n . . , r :‘ . a . ' I .
1- -. . . ‘s ~- '. . - . .'- .1 -,- ' ". . " f‘ " \v u ‘rw
. L... a...) ‘.H .. .. ....i'qv..«.3 ... . ml: .~1.1I"f: .-LI LJ.’ .'1.-.. .. .1 .1“. (.‘....u'...‘
- ~, ‘ - :- - . r a , - - ‘ . ..
" p . ." to. D ‘ , '. ~ " .‘.c‘ . ‘.' ., o .'. I, v r.
.'.- in. ...- . -.-a-.J"-'. (.. 2‘-) U-‘ ._ . ‘-. J. '\l('.'.. v. .1. “.'.- ,1 ..’.(- v...) _ .
i ‘ h L-
. ..‘ -‘ ' 7 h - ._ ' r z- 1 I a a
.- 7 \ ' ‘ "‘ . ‘ ' .' ." ' ' ' ’- .- - ' ' ' " 3 ' ’ ‘ ':
¢ ....~.. '- #- ‘u'u‘ ...‘ -- . . . ’ m -.I {--J a. 11. H ’I (.'-3. 4 ' .‘ ., (‘-'.J. .) ..'. .' ‘.. . Le- HL
.-
.' . s. ‘ I " v . a ‘ 2 o
"' " “ " " . . ' c ‘ '. .»"“' a ‘ ‘ .‘H I: ‘.' . r ' ' s a. 2‘. n
., nJ ...‘- ‘- ' ...a‘ 1..-, '-.a.-.‘( --.a ._-: -.(J Ed's - J .f—U.i iJ"' )1, ..'); ..’... J J ‘...:‘J. ‘-_" g.l‘.,§
. .'. . : ' ‘ f 0* I. ~ :- v - t- p q T I . .
'. ~ ‘ u . f‘ “j ‘3' 4 .9 ~‘ .. ‘(2‘ a‘, \_.' , ‘. ‘¢ _ - , ,
_ - _ 1. -. _ . [_hg. -_ ' uni I.-.J.’(.4.-“_a x..-l.a '.‘ (‘C '.) . I, .i..' .u“.’ .1-.‘ . kw'
‘ 1’ ‘ 0‘ . o " ; g . . - .
. A ‘ l . , 1" 0‘. _ . ' x . 5V ' -- . - : a - . ‘- '. ‘. , ‘ v . s .w ‘ ‘- . . | - ..' ,
‘. -< " ' —-('—‘- - U \1...» ‘1' "— "-'.'- 4«' ..‘. (I! “ .’.a ,. a.._‘.. u ...‘ («a ‘ '1 I. l- I ”1“,! ..':‘H. .‘
I. .. ~ h
" 7 r 1’ ' i D '
, . ' 7' " ' , . ~ ;‘ ’ " J j’ - “f,- , .“ I“ ' .I‘)‘. 1'7 r I '3 ‘. .~ r3 '1 .7 -. r. o” g ,1 ' . -
. -\_)J. __ : ‘ ._ A . l L- _ _. u ..v[_,.-4 1‘,_) A. _I,.‘ ‘ ‘.-I‘_;;,£J_L .‘. .‘JJA . 3‘ . L_‘I,.“ I “-..‘“.
' ' ' > ‘r s - o o- - v
~' '. ‘Y‘ ‘» ' V ‘.‘ ' v . .u-. . "p . .' a. . .
K , t v - ~ - x . . .
| - . . -. 'L'.‘ la... J. .‘. v, .'..“ - ' --\r. v ..y_ L.‘ .I-__!_. '(-’xfl';: ..LAJ 1' - ‘11
' ' I T ‘ r. l' ‘ ‘ 5. t v ‘ 'I "i g ‘C -‘ 1" 1 ‘ «’1 A ’ ' ' 'I "
’ . , _. A ‘. .\ _. . . . . _ . . .. - v .. . ‘.
. \“~ '1 ' “ ' J. " ' ~— -- ‘l- " ~‘J f ‘:»-‘-l .‘ ‘ .«c‘ Kl U ' T _- J. .3 l r \a Ll ‘ . K. (I _. £1 —\L J ...-I; '1 s'
\ u I
. n « ~ ... a -‘ .. - r -- r ' .
. . . - . r _ ‘ n ' .u .
. -‘.a. \ ‘.‘-.- V. I 1. rs. - -2. ..[._.. .-‘ x
‘»v.--‘o'.--.m -_. ch 0”. -'n-u-o~--~-a '.'-I -~ “.-'-0 '“O‘
a V I . , ‘ .1 l
. . , , ‘.’ f i ‘ 1. .. _ .‘ . ._ ‘- u . ' ... u . v .‘lr - a .. !. .-‘-t . 1)...
l2" ... I J a I ‘ y's...n ‘ .... -....2...4.‘-‘ ‘ I .'.~’.-- - ‘1 I. . . ..- . J -...-.;_.‘.,- ..'L;- -"— .1-’
., , I. y o ' ‘ a n _1
. ~ .- o . - .‘ ._ - 'e w ' u . . - _ ‘l‘ N _.9 _. ‘-: ,- .( '.r . ‘
u. - . .‘1 .- l I '_ ....7. . {..‘J 3‘- 1‘: r. . I.,'\' .‘--’.' '. “ .--- . ' - (I - 5 ...‘-‘3‘, -r . *"
° ‘. l. I.
' . . I v 1 K . :' ‘.... -§ ~‘ 1 \' g 1: . 2 ' ~
. . ‘ - 5... ).~ ~ (”Li-A. .... . -- -..'-Q: -. 4...»: ..‘ . t -' .‘x; a.-. ..a.» ( 5.. -- - . .
. . . . , .
‘ . _ l I ... ..'. . -I o~~ ,. . . - ~— '
i . ' r :7 . ~- - . .. . » .l . , ,
-. :. . '. '»-..~ ..' ~;.£ ‘- . .. ~- - ..’L.‘ 3-1.2.. 1' ..’.. - l“) .. 2 ¢ .4- _‘ I, . ~
.9 -- O- D ~- '- .
. . _ .‘. '. —‘ , . '. , ... ., , 7. _ I , ' -p f . y’, .
-x. A - . ’.. _ ..‘ .. . - c . .. .1:_.2.a{-' i\'_.. --_ ..‘. “a 3 4.. \—J
- t g‘ Q J. __ - .
‘ '. c l ‘ I} - . ~
1 ’ ‘- . - ' , . f . - .’.. . '.'. ,‘ .. . i—- 4.
-~' '-°- 1 1 c - m - - ' ~:-. 0 -'17 .‘ 3....l '.._. .‘ ia‘. .. \A,‘J I).'- ’(1~,. w I
' . ’ ' ‘ . it I 5 . ; . .'.t ’a a .4 .. - 1 .-. - ‘ ‘
- . . .‘. - L .' . ' . I - E. . - . .“ ‘ .1 . - .‘ '.. x \ J. L -_ ' ‘ _ , '- 2‘. ._fi . , 1 - . ‘ "
. . , ' ,
‘_ — _ . , ' . | _ . 7. l r v,‘ ‘5 ‘ I . . ‘ i . , '.‘. ,. , . ’.. _‘ v‘ -
. t I - ' ' 7 I v i.‘ . a _ 1 ... ‘...".4 - - ~' I! - ..’ ....- (‘a-K 4 ’.. -'l ‘ ‘LO;J.—‘.V.-'-a' '

 

114
create a hardship on a private concern. This would.allow for

deve10pment, while maintaining a forest type atmOSphere.

CONCLUSION

The fact that a profit is not the primary motive, allows for
tighter development restrictions if public recreation sites are

to be provided to the extent indicated by projected.demands, they
should be located on the east side of the lake. See Figure XV
for the proposed deve10pment area. This area offers the following
(1) direct access from County Highway "B", (2) future develop-
'ment will be located in an area where the majority of develop-
'ment is presently located, (3) soil conditions are good for

y.

recreation facilities, (4) execellent orientation for afternoon
sun and prevailing summer winds, (5) water movement from the

‘main was: Fork Channel passes directly in front of all develop-
'ment, (6) development screened from.the major body of water by
uplands and peninsulas, (See Figure XVI), and (7) The United

States Forest Service and. Chequamegon National Forest, which is
ad.jacent to the Northern States Power Company land will act as

a buffer from future development within the immediate area. See

Figure XV.

Facilities Which are 5.3 _hg Provided are:

(l) Entrance and Exit from one location (control purpose).

 

 

... >
. . ,
'l n
' r .

.

n '.‘

I .
r

'1

I l
.. I .
.. 9
I v ,
I.
\ L . N
D -‘ ~‘ .0 I
l‘ >
r.
‘y -,V - .
..‘ ' .
J .. Q
C I. I I
. . fi,
,.
'1 0 av,
(« _ .'r ‘ J' I
...: .. a -
I . ‘.
u ; !
' \.O I
'.' A.
I I _‘
s . ‘ .l.
I
’.. ..
..‘- -1 J

 

 

. . .n .
. ' . ~ . - . . Ia ' ‘
h.\ _' r1 . ‘ ...‘ L .. L ..' LL, ‘ V' _ .H- .I . V -. -I _.--,~ .
- , ~ .. .. ‘r ‘ ... .r _ ; ' . -:
. _ '- x' . 1 K ...A _. i . - | A .. ".l -.. M a-- O ‘ l
. _. . .v P . -‘. 4'
. — I . ‘. ‘ v . ' ! A‘
_ - -. '.'-‘ . .1 .,, . -mi .' .-. .Jt_::.. cf ..-,-.x,-r1.t 3"; .J'- “a:
a ‘ ' ' ’ ‘ a I
. . -r_. ..,, . . I ,. I ~ . . . - . - ' _ r. . .,,
. .~" ~. wk. 0 I - s) u " -\ 0‘ ~ - y. -. w - b ‘1, n ' ~ - -. .11! IT ' "..~ I
, ‘ . ' in . .' .' .' "
' . . , ' ' l‘ I» . n . l
. a . _-_. ,\ : ‘-. ..'.}. ”.1 . mun ‘..: -.. _~ ..
._ _ .
. ..'. l _ t V: ‘ .I . ~, a — - i
. - . ‘A ‘ .'. u
. ,. 1‘ - . , .’.. I ‘ c I: ...- ‘ L. c- K - ‘ - m ..o : 3 -1 11(J '- —l r!“ ‘. -
.
. _. 1 . . ... n 9"- . I 1 .. ‘ "t _
V . u . II I. . '.~ .. I '.., . . < .
. ....L' ." -5 '... -.‘! ‘r*' u, ~v .. . -u .JI.~'. _(" 1 t - ‘ lithx
If ‘ ,' -\ _
-A J, ‘ ‘.f' ; 3 ' . ‘ "1‘ " .' ' ’.‘ ' . '\ I"
\ '.. ‘- .7 - - .‘ J . . LoL‘L ~ . _ £ ‘ 1‘
' \ I C - \ \- ‘ .
‘ . _ _ a t . i u
. . . . ., . .I .“ .’. .'. —- r1. .
'- 1 ..- "I - ' .3 m, .‘.: .' r -- ‘. ~ 1 . ‘ E) 5 ..'; I}. ~ “.1. ‘. 1 -- J
-- s.
. l D
. ‘ ‘ a I .V,
a ~. I I‘ ‘ E-"I _ .~ _ ~-‘.( 1 ’
-- . . !_ -,‘, .I . u x - ' - ..o. I .._..‘.-'f. \--) (: -’- . .. -L ~J...’l-.,.4r.
a ' I " \ n _ - t" I ‘
u . — a‘ . . ’ '.' . " I“ a , -.
LL( .- . .-.r .13'- IJ' -.--: -'4‘ _..»K; .v!--:_.- ‘ \fj (-1 '. v-3... ‘ - ‘
, .. _ I \. " . ‘ . - ‘.. l ‘ .
I ' ’A .‘ . _ , I. , . I "- . I:
- - - .u . 'z I. C. .a. ‘.lf-‘ 7 '. ' '.‘“‘1- ’ J3 .! 3...)... 1-2-.-. .0 .7 -
l t a
'- . r - -
' - ‘ ~ ' n -' .- ' ' ~ a~ 1‘ v . I .O “ wt '1 "
.4 v I - .' . g $ . ' I.
.‘- ‘.. --. ‘ -‘x' . ..'.,r..-. 4..- \J--. -' - ' u --l ' - ._- ”(at-3 ... '.‘.(J.4.
J
§
-' . . V ' I ' o I a ‘ l v '
. ,v I * - ‘ ' : .“ I ' t t ' “ 'I ' i . - '. . b l'
, 4 . .- a, - l' ' fi‘w -‘(s ,- , :1 -0 A t .4- ' 13A.) -3! F " k'- u 'L,
. 5 o. .
V‘P‘K
. ,u. '. v i . a’ ‘ . I r r 2
7“ ‘L a v . , ,v'J . ».".' ' " "I'I " ‘.’: '.'
- '~'— l‘ u--- \ \/ mk‘J ‘ ‘4. o . Juni- -'4~ -- ./ .r,l--c' ‘t-l.-~.V‘-‘ 'A :45
. . .r ‘ n .
..- . . fi" 1 1 .- .. .n )1 ‘ - - .. ‘2‘, .A‘ -. ' \. a.‘ u.— '. "u ‘- '.~..
A
. ‘ ‘ ' ' a
s ~ .. ‘ .- . . q I u- . - .I I V. t. _s.
\.“ ‘v‘ -.-.-. : V '1 0.; “l1 ' '~_' J. .‘ i. X ~ ..’ if. ’10-: . .‘LJ ‘ .. L35
’ ' ' r Y ' V'.‘ r‘ ._ 5 ..‘ ’.' j ‘ '.‘” .' T . " Z‘ ._J ' t r r"" '.r ‘.' .' ‘A
O a ‘ -. \- ‘4 - J -'.. ' ( ..’ i ,J - ~ - ’ s a .. ' (, -‘- I ‘3 ) r > .3 -‘. J -1 d a. -1. k .‘ J.
I “‘..-5 - p, C. y. ‘ _ a ., ‘ ‘
. . .n ..‘ ._,. . x . V‘ r~-. ; '
-‘-- .'-- ‘- ---‘ '-’. ‘-'. Q .vcr ‘ ~C -' .‘. I
' r' ' 73 I I ' ' '2 . ‘ I \ O p. . ; . A .. .— a ’ I _
. I g .'. .9 ' 7., a . . —. 1 .-
o \ \ .44 I. -. -..os-. . I .,.(_-_.,I ,‘ -'c _ ,1t- ~1'.‘.- _.I- , I L 3 r_

 

 

--

. . ,
d k ‘
.. — \.

-.
‘7‘ 1-3
.,
.\ ‘.'
.'. -
b 'e
R I
a ‘n

.
..
l‘-
r
3;
:Q
» -‘.
n
h
- .-
A
’-
'5
T.’
‘9‘
.
..o
R

 

 

5583.2on 3 aoauuamm 5 3:30:30 mo an: ouuoauoxm 5x «.3me

5:33: 924... «330a mm...<._.m zmwrkmoz
31¢. <wm< kzw2m04m>mo ommomoxa

‘-----J'-’ -.,rr'.

 

‘-'-""-"-'------I
‘ ’N‘s‘. ...m. I. Q‘ _m: MW, Iv
_ u «.9 ,E a .. \m .m u> mmum
. .. . s. .. _ .. .
n .. xwfifigx .
. , a, .. «...: hwy "
. i m E ._. . + x as
. .9». ..‘w h." 3' 5m”. .
n 9s“! ,\\ Aw “a. )0» I... u
u s2 ‘.. §a I m m
. Ex . , .1. .

m " va-.fl..._,...,. E _. .on/ u
u u ._._<3.m;..u_....=_.,_o ..,Iéss. m" u
- ...: _ ...rm W..’.~ Q -
u . "’ “I. ’I}..- -~O ‘N O
" 35% +3.3“. s _..v é!.....z%. 3., .’. {:MHX .
u (...o .m .D ,.. a s\\ liaik‘ L. x “M u
. x . h. w . , 25oz. .
. I .. _, x x .
. a ¢ I .
. a ca oo 1 -
OI"'|-'I---III-"-'-\~ IIII'I-II"-"I'"..~ I"C-I.-"""‘\

.. s
. , -
§ 0
V V C <
.
1.
.
. \ .
~
A
. . u .
.r
.V
.
I. . .. I
1
. ‘
1
.4
>
U‘ ‘ I ‘
. >
‘ L-
l
.
I
L
.
I. O .
O
r
.
.
_ ‘ t.
‘
..‘ « ..
. , . . . I
. u I 4
‘ . ¢
.
k
v . w .I| .- ‘ . X ‘ ... V
L . . . . . ‘ r

 

 

It

 

 

 

 

GROUP CAMP

 

 

PICNIC AREA

 

 

 

 

 

 

NATURE STUDY

CHIPPEWT/ pl" ‘

LAKE M"
- 1%,”

 

   
 
    

 

 

INFORMATION

CAMPGROUND

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

WINTER
DAM

Figure XVI. Sketmetic Development Plan.

 

 

 

t‘v‘ . c .
k I! i .-
- I» u xx
. 3»

 

'«l—_ .-.‘

r"

 

 

I ‘a a I. 1 '
I- a. w . n r . .
.C r ..'.A I . ‘
p\ .
. .
§. .
. u . . .
s #3. ‘
r . I
t — t
n \- a
..Y . .
'..
z a
. ...
x -0!
11....»
. J
.’.
— _I. v
. .
In! .
I . p4:
. . .
I...
. ‘.'

 

117
(2) Information Service Center
(35 Camping facilities
(4) Nature Study Area
(55 Picnic Area
(6) Group Camp
These facilities are the major attractions, however, areas such
as mooring sites for boats, open area for sports, hiking trails,
boat landings and nature walks should be provided. Figure XVI
shows the locations of the major areas, while Figures XVII and
XVIII illustrates examples of a typical campground and other

recreational facilities.

When developing this area, it must be remembered that the develop-
ment harmizes with guidelines, such as water influence zones and
roadside influence zones.d Also a sound.timber management plan
should be developed to insure future generations of high quality

stands of various species.

It has been the intent of this author to bring out the facts con-
cerning LAKE CHIPPEWA AND ITS ADJACENT LANDS, as to its present

and future status. One can only hope that-an Area as significant
as this, will not be consumed by man's force of distruction, but

will remain in a natural state for future generations to enjoy.

     
 
 

 

 

 

 

- _
.
s..
I *. I
. ' ‘ - — .¢
, ‘. u, .' -- l. - 4.. ..' '- ‘ - \
L ‘ I. ‘ "
I a a “I . .
‘1 -‘.Jo’h-A.‘ ~- L an "a‘ -' J
x k
I ’.' . 2
A ' I ‘ ‘ ' .’
A, .. . a'.‘ u“ v
‘ ‘ . a ‘ I"
s 1 .‘ , ') r. l
.. .\ ~ -~ I .. _ . \ v
. a
I. q - I
(I. ' .1 ('I C '.‘ \
.3
, ..
I . h ‘I ~ ‘ ‘.. n n ‘a‘ "x: '. we av .- ‘-(\ o -. " .' ‘zh a . I I, -" \ .-
.‘ - ' - 3,. . J ( ... q , - ‘ . c . a '\»'y'-~.’ - '- s‘l‘ -‘ .. L . 1‘” -’l‘ a 1" - 1. ’.—§'-¢. _ - ¢ — .l '. n
I

_ I
IL". . .. . -. | .

4 I ' , > - ‘0 .3.“ . , ';‘ -- .'. ' _ H, I r I I '- ‘ 1
:‘f 1' ...- ‘04-- -'- _ “ (a «-.‘ ~- - I - Ir ' ' ». ~.' (x..- (8' ..‘ -. L 'VA-‘~.4 ..l.. -l u I.

I

Q ~ ' r ‘ ‘

. s . 1' ‘ V ." t‘ ' 4 V. ' I ’ .F‘ i - ' '
RE .._ u . ‘ ..‘. . ‘ . ..'.. ..'—l ' . .. "z ‘5 '. v . ~o . - -'., -»a I -1 g , 41-..}. '--'.s. ~J. ‘
I-

— u ‘ a ' ' I -, .r “
. T ‘ r -- , .I ‘. 3‘ ‘A .' " r l‘ \v s L ‘-
.- .. .-.- . ‘-.---_.y ‘. -:- u. ~.. . '.- -.'I t: \----w - .1: ..4 «H Li
a
’ , C . " : . ‘ : Pf . a. a
n . ' b n n .. _ l'l -. . 1 “ ' u '. v ‘ »." '..: ' ". . . . '
{--' '.. -a ' ‘ ..l.‘\ .- ‘ a. .‘~I‘ -. “I .'-. .o I.) - .‘.. t -.’.‘ ' . -' 4 - .'.. “L".-5_\. .. - J. ‘-
v A V
. r' r-
: k"‘ ~ .v~" l v\.'— - “‘ “-' -
. 'I _ .1 —.- .— - . 5' d. .‘.. ' ..‘ k . ct . . —A
E
I , , . ( 7' ‘. _ a . e f v. f ‘
I ’ ‘I T .‘I . ' n - ‘ 1 I" j v- .- j '.‘ l . I , .
I. ”-'L... .3 at .1 .4r::--. , -'.“ ' .L.‘ .r. - I -.2... -' s. (V {-.t’ L- '-~. C 1- .5~“.- I _‘
, . ‘ . u - 2 ,. .s_. ‘ . ’.. ‘-. . . . ,. L ' n. " r‘ -l. . . t . .... - .
.: o \M 4‘ .. — 1. .'J.- L -. - ‘..! 'n' ‘..-J -=---’~-(' ‘¢..- aJ-~--~.---. ‘ . --ul-:-- Ya ‘..... -.«‘--'- ...,
v .. - -
. ~ . . ..'. “/4 .' t r': -. C' I ‘o' ‘. I ‘.'.i~'“"'7‘1 c ' .‘.
‘_ . .7. .“t . a .. . ‘ .. \ ~. -'- Li .40 . C.. '5‘ o '. '- , - ~. ’ .- . --’. — “I- -. .i- x: V
. , . - ' . ' s
l . . ' . ' l ‘ s _"h ' . , -- v r ",- - I: x . .
._. _' ‘ — ‘ — L x . .- .- . -1 . - ' ‘. _' .3 ...sz-l.-&. L)“ r' ['... ' .- " “'.. .. v.14.»
H ». .
. ' .
“- 7 on -" ;-- .n u ,. 4. i. '
.(JVIJ U ' '.’ .. 14‘ -- . u~ - -' ‘.‘ . ..
.- 1 ‘ " ' .' ' ' “ -’ . " ‘I ' " ' ' 2“ - -' V I ' " _ K: " .’ '. ’ H ' "
-I l «..I . 54‘» . ~A' ‘4 ’1 . 41¢- . ‘. ‘.’-J ...L3 ‘1 '.. I,..'}J -’.») .... u 1". :‘.' . .' .\I (. .‘.; ‘.'
_ .. . ' -' 1' . r. H Li . ‘ I: l "' .n' ' P w '
I . . . . . .
. I -. . . . ‘3 - _ ' _ . - .
..I I - K. - --. ‘ .‘ '0») ‘ I. a . g, ... - L . . ‘ .--‘. ‘. I. '.'. . .’.. w, J: 3“ I (A... -
~ . fi ‘ w I a l ' g '
'. , l' . " ‘ I .- ‘ ' ‘ ""I ~ . ' I , .- ..it .. . .-‘ ‘ 1 |~- ~ I - ~ \
..‘ ..-.- ...-. ..v ., 3;”-.. w '.~. ._._.. ..'.. ..'... ... ..-.. .’.-
-
. . , - . ' .. _ _
, p .- I r s
‘ 1" o . ' ' ' . fl ' - . v ’ . u" "‘ v v ~ .
~ )J ‘ t <' . '.' ' ‘ ' J ' " " 1““. ')* ‘.' ‘ ‘ ‘? ' ". ...‘ h""-~-) ~.-‘ J a; . ' .~'..! ..' f ! ‘ £147.. ' »_- .
-
, p _t “r ‘,.“,., . ~. .’. .- ‘ .-‘- ; .... - , . ' -- ""
‘- . ‘ . - '. ‘ -. . u . . « - . ~ . t
. 7‘ u. ' 3 K e' ‘ ‘~‘ . .'.-1‘ - .-- "-..v’>‘ . ... l. . L‘_'- ..(.' -. ‘.v ' ‘.‘ .’_. _. ‘ a _.J.J., - :1 fl) {~_.. ' ' ‘. 3._ '. -.~ '

 

 

 

 

 

wx<4 umooz

    

 

._.zusammie
ozaogesfi ._<u_._>.p

 

:32 c. 208.

      

ZOFdhm
kmOuZOo

 

a

 

I

Bd—IZO'
curses

 

IFS'

     
 

zo'—4o' 50‘ =4 203'
our sun»: BUFFER

*

 

 

‘ e
v-l.‘

IkINs

Sketches of W Facilities

 

 

 

 

120

BIBLIOGRAPHY

BOOKS

Altrocchi, Julia Cooley. The Old California Trail. Calwell,
Idaho: The Caxton Printers, Lts., 1945, 316 pp.

Clawson, Mbrion. Land and Water for Recreation - Opportunities,
Problems, and Policies. Chicago: Rand McNally and
Company, 1963.

Doell, Charles E., Elements of Park and Recreation Administration.
Burgess Publishing Company, 1963.

Finley, Robert W., Geography'gf'Wisconsin. College Printing
& Typing Co., Inc., 1965, 226 pp. (Madison, Wisconsin)

Lynch, Kevin, Site Planning. The MIT Press, 1962.

Simonds, John Ormsbee., Landscape Architecture. F. W. Dogge
Corporation, 1961.

Thomas, William L., Jr. (ed). Man's Role 33 Changing the
Face 2; the Earth. Chicago: University of Chicago
Press, 1956, 1193 pp.

PERIODICALS

iflart, William J., and Graham, William W., "How to Rate and

Rank Landscape". The Landscape Architecture Quarterly.
Louisville, Kentucky, Publication Board of the
American Society of Landscape Architects, January, 1967.

lhnnford, Lewis. "The Social Function of Open Spaces".
Landscape: Magazine of Human Geography, Winter
1960-1961: Vol. 10/ No. 2/ p. 1-6.

The Yearbook of Agriculture 1963. A Place 52 Live. The
United States Department of Agriculture. U.S. Government
Printing Office.

Wallace, Robert. "The 50-Mile Wal ". Life Vol. 54. No. 8,
JFebrurary 22,-1963, 723. -

 

 

 

 

C31
Ylf‘fifi 3504' 818
85008

,IIOWISU .ijan B'D.O-lIGJ t.'0 SMT .YS.(OCD slIuL ,lfioooIJIA
.qq 515 .c9 1“ ..aJJ ,aIajniIu achsO 9LT :odsbl

0.. o v _ “. .._. ‘ ._. .,~ . '- . . ~ ‘ D ‘ O ‘.' .. .
unasnnusubrffi - ”Gigi. DuJ 3L1 ijfih LL” CMLJ .DOIIBM floaunID
‘..-...--,._, ”-.-“ ..‘.. ...‘ --“-~.«~—--~~—. ..'.-0.. m-o ...’... Cir... ----.00 .
' .' ., '-..' ..HA:,.-' .‘..j .; .‘- .O ,.
£31363 '£.{,[ 87:1)": .Lllj‘a"; :Oéf's’)—I.LJAJ .8”. -3 -'.? -ib ._ E'UR ‘ 1-“¥)I\30 .&q
o “....--“ 0. w~o~~ O..- C“

 

. LC! \1 3.3.6qu L)

 

.nhi , Jain; :J.tc333j;;w 4bqe firr? 30 aggggp;g_..3 asIInfiD .Ilsou

.CO J. ,zrgc‘sqn‘cb ;.'5(JJ.1.‘.(.;{J;'JUCJ 2:2ngqu

guijuiufl ugoiioS gé-rv";;giio Kflfingflia ‘.W jusdcfi ,{slnii
(uianooaij ncaj.bul) .qq 02$ ,Cuii ‘.onl ,.03 gaquT &

.2691 ,aaazq TIM sdT .gngpnsifl $333 ,nlvox .doovJ

-oL J .3 .nrngojjdoxA agp:.eir RJ ..ajdaMIO nxcL .ebnomia

:3.) ..‘
.IuLI .uuliagoqtcfi

\JL)

 

fig; gggijgdu 9i 9102 a'nnV .(La) .2 ,.J mtillif .asmoaT

' "- f .. . “ . .. '.’ 4’“ J ”...': '- 7 ._.
(J}.’:‘;:J.L.li\; AU "(J40 A‘J JlIJJJ . O‘DBJIIIJ £13. .1 Lu: QFJ :.CJ 3: J" 0‘:

-’. N -0“- --‘;

.qq CCII ,CLKI ,¢8~Il

 

’“J\FT"3q

“‘...... D *0---

has fljcj 03 wcfi" ..W msiiiifi ,rsNBIQ bus ..L msiIIiW ,JIBH
'31".J€“uy 9”V3"es.:_3x or -:.erJ nhT .'3flfioahnsd finsfi

unJ io bIan n01.36HIluu .Yfloujnug ,ullivainnJ
.Ydfii ,zzsunsL ,afiosjldorA eqsoabnnJ in (331303 neoianma

.'..QGBCB “910 30 noijmnui 131008 35?” .aiwad .bICRQMfi

IajnlW .Qfiquguab nsmnh 30 finlafijafi :22§3;3§3J
\ ‘ 1 ‘ 3' ' ‘. ‘. .-
.d-I .q \3 .06 \CI .ie? :IoLi-Ookl

edT .§;§g;92_33§i1 é .EGEJ smmnlnoixgi 30 irodzssi edT
finsrnuevoa .h.U .53u3103113A in jnovuusqea anjnza b33100
.931110 guijfiiuq

,3 .rK .fii .ioV siid ."iisw sififi- 06 sdT" .3:*dofl .sosiisd
.CSY .fiEEI .32 (:3: undo:

121

USIPUBLISHED MATERIAL

Farness, Sanford S., "Man-Environment Problems in an Urvan
Age and the Role of Universities". Unpublished
paper, School of Urban Planning and Landscape
Architecture, Michigan State University, 1963.

PUBLIC DOCUMENTS

Ferries, Abbott L., 55 3;. National Recreation Survey.
Study report No. 19. Washington, D. C.: U. S. Gov't.
Printing Office, 1962, 390 pp. -

 

 

Michigan Department of Conservation. "Michigan's Recreation
Future". September 1966. ‘

Mueller, Ev, Gerald Gurin, and Margaret WOod. Participation
‘lg Outdoor Recreation; Factors Affecting Demand Among
American Adults. Study report No. 20. Washington, D.C.:
U. S. Gov't. Printing Office, 1962, 94 pp.

National Park Service Publication. "Guidelines for
Determination Needs". October 1959.

Outdoor Recreation for America: ‘A,Report‘£g‘§hg President
£95; £9. £29.. Congress 1:; £133 ORRC, Primary report.
Washington, D.C.: U. S. Government Printing Office,
1962, 245 pp. .

Projections‘ggigggcYear 1976 and 2000 Economic Growth,
Population, Labor Force‘ggg Leisure,'£gd_Trans ortation
Study report No. 23. Washington, D. C.: U. S. Gov t.
Printing Office, 1962, 434 pp.

U. S. Department of Agriculture. "Camping" Forest Service.
Washington, D. C.: U. S. Gov't. Printing Office, 1962, 16 pp.

U. S. Department of Agriculture. "Lake Chippewa Flowage Report"
Prepared by the Chequamegon National Forest, Eastern ~
Region, 1961

U. S. Department of Agriculture. "Outdoor Patterns for
People". Forest Service, September, 1968.

 

 

..-.. ‘.‘. _---._. _..—

 

 

 

 

 

: i ‘.'
. . _ ' _ I . __ L - v
. . . n — .- u g. . ..- .r—c -. a sv ..‘.4- -—o .
' ~ " . I ”-I . ‘v I
- . F. . I - , n
‘ . 1 f, . .- .’_ . .. ' . v a a . . . . . ,‘ , a ’ ' . ..
I l 4' - ‘ al- ’.I— ha. — “‘-¢ - -J ‘J “ ,:‘\I-. ..'. 1!} -l ‘ ‘ ..’ ""‘¢‘ ' t |-' ‘ "‘4‘. ' ‘ I.
I v ‘ I u I r ., ~ "
. 'r i I ‘ "- - ' ‘v ' . ' a-» '2 J ' - I I ‘.' '
-. ..'-, ,K— a -‘- 1 \I . ’ui‘ m .’- \J-.-.‘ ‘ ‘éc‘. - ~ "‘.’. \4 t "‘.J ' ‘1 ~." -‘¢
‘.‘. .- .. ‘- - ‘ .'1 i 9 . P ...' ' .-'r~i . I W or‘ t It“ ' ' ,lr‘ - .- .'.] - 1‘ " " _. ’i ~,
~ ‘ ..' \ 3'.‘ ‘Jo. " ' - i .. ‘-¢~-'.‘- Q .’., -L .'I 2 , D ' dl D - s . ‘3 I, l . J c - ‘n "
l , . .' ~ _ u - a I . . - ‘\
.‘ ..i - - '.- - ‘ .u ..- . ‘.'. .‘-, - .. _ '- ,\ .‘. ‘- f -’. ,4 ' - ..4' .
o“.- '.-'.. C K“""‘ J..:. .‘..‘AU - a... 1.1..‘4, .a r1.a.L... ‘..}.L. . .‘aJ-.L . .t. t
‘ '1 ~ 7' I 'f. I . ‘ "‘ h I.» :“T
.. - ‘ l _ u v
on. 0 Q l ... .~. .»g -..- -‘.~ ”I“
- a . ; U o -
... i' -. .._ _ ‘-""',- ._1.,. ‘ "‘.’ _ “.‘.,‘. ‘.. -"s‘.) i . ’. -’.l' ‘.'. . ‘.."I' '2,
p v . - l-‘.‘.’ -4 —.-.. ., . ,.,.-.-L- .1, {‘.. 9.. ‘- ‘.'-y ‘ '5‘ an. \I k4‘~-"-'— ' ru' .'. .' ..‘ ..
“‘.. .-. a n ~~ - --..-~.-... on- , go- a .9. - n1 v-‘ . or: -- -.. ”--'“ a ..Q
o ' .

‘ '1‘, V. :1 g ' - _"_o ....,I{‘ ' ‘ '.' "I _
.‘l J\'!' . I . J ..‘.” .‘. ‘(“.4‘i’h.‘o..‘zt...b ' .‘.-.. .‘-Illd J—- .'?_‘.‘ -«I .

. F '.' I" ' ' D . -
'. ". ' . . . . - .
. ~,'.‘ .‘ . ‘. L ‘ - I ' .‘c ‘ “v: o- - o - it ‘ 1'4. -‘ ‘ ‘ .'. -‘-
l i v o ... g. " J . u l
' | ' . ." .‘n £~ , '. :°. 1 '. . ‘.... ‘,-- - _. ' u I r
1. V. s! .l : ' .'- '.; 0 II -‘.?‘n‘— '4 .'leJ-§;.'l A 'v"’\,"‘ - [..' ~J;J.l'- *0 .uo“. \ ‘ ('.. .." j
o I l'
I ' ‘ .'.r '-'T‘. .‘ . 1"? .-.
. cI-J --‘. o‘s"..l -.'.; ‘..) .. . -.‘ - .'.‘n‘ .
D ‘ I . . . o . V a r g I- '.. . 3‘ ' .,
...' ‘- .. . .' . . u. - '.. . . A.‘ - ~. . " .....Ill -' I. r - a ‘ . , ... V' . p ., . ~
». _.I .~ ‘. \‘-: ‘.- -. D n . is-(‘RJ ...': :‘. I) '- J.v'O-' ‘IIJl-D ‘ -.A.' 51.: ’ ..‘. kc .'. ‘3’ ‘ 1 . ( -.. '.'_-.’,. I) ,
’-..-_-....acouu no "‘
- a 1 ' -' ‘ ' - . ' ‘ a o ' ' I I ~
. . ‘ . , . I . ' -,- . - .. ' . . v ’. e
'1 ,l' . _ .'-‘q. '. - \ . .A '.'.t .L '-.-.-.44.--1“. . -L .‘---3"-.' ‘ ..‘
. 5,. - ... -..—u. - u . — d—b ..¢. - -.. I p a O 0—. O O -..-u -4~---~--.----*A‘- -.. -4- O I gun ...‘a.
. ' .a ' . ' I . ’ '
_ ‘ -- -' ' .’~ . ... ' 1 - ., -..‘UV .-’ n~ -4 v ' -_ . n -- .I f _ .. I .
-,~o ' (-."..-. 1Ju.|'~0..b on. on ..~. ..’.:.\-" ~ J \ '~--‘)~" 0'»-~‘---') " ~-" ' ' ’e'
b ‘ b u. o 0 a c o- - u-- a» v- . Auu- - -...
\ ~ \ -- . ', _ - . ~. .
_.. ' .-‘f..‘ “_ ’_.' " _- I. '4 '_. ’. {I ' “ 1' : -- '. ‘_ ’v ..‘ ’ . i.
Q s. : I \- (04" ‘.... (‘.'..‘w‘ v- -~ I I" lJ.-'rd‘. 4" ..J b \-“. . (A ' s)
,L I
. . " i"\ '- " . ‘ “ ‘

' ‘. ‘54" ..,, '.:"' :. ._fc. ...... . , -..'
- U- '...)?f.‘ -'.'.~..v-..’-r~'.i .51)-; J F.1J.7..-.E-Ir'. 5.314- .'....I .’\.‘.t0 18f.4..~..‘.~...

 

a‘ ' . u i . . r ' . ~ _4‘
' .v . .. - . 1 ‘ l"! . I.
. ‘. K..’.. .1. .‘.- 0" x‘.'~"'.ol-\J . to'rw.’ 'l . :,\{}-.-o "-' I. ..'.. F.) " t
~, ' " f y .. I a . a" ) ‘ ‘ . ' u u v . _-.
-_.._. ' I-. ..I‘ ‘1‘.°‘ ‘. '..-v- .9... ’ . ‘ . -. .n‘,.. . ~-. . .l n f - l"
wt. ‘-.‘, I. '.. * ..‘.'..|J r? .' -a'." . a, .{hJ'J. .-.-'.L..\ 4:. .'. I..r'. ‘J.v. .‘. Mani.) ...C \1.‘-.-".,A
on". -.'—m-c-o .v —. cr' q.” u— -1- up 4- - teem-Cr. nu-
. - . ' I. ' .~ ' . O
» o .:- . » v . - , . -5 . _ . . \ _ - .I.
, . -‘- ,‘ ... , . \ r1.l,‘.'. ...' r _ g o. {"15
O ”J ~I- k '4 .'é-L‘r"' _- ... J. . ‘ A .‘. ' ‘lo‘J ’I‘ ‘l .l .1 ..‘. -.'. '. -I '0 { ~’ '.‘! '1‘!
o .. -.-. -... - c '..-o L..- -'-cwo- -'vuwo-‘o an. a... as on. .‘--~-
' ‘ - . " l | . r '
of U" ‘ ' " ‘.."- '5‘ n “" .‘. . .'- I’ I ' .'. " ~ . h-
‘I.:\‘-.- ..." . ,l-‘a.41J—!. -L .X ...'Aa. ‘ ‘8‘ ..‘.-'4 J (.'.J . . . ‘.’ . .U.'~t t l..‘(...l (fl-‘.‘.Aga J
. . ’.‘ .,
!' .‘ 2.1a ‘ -" i
. I. 0 L5 Cl ‘- s ) .o
t
1 ‘.." .\-- v. ! ‘ 0" I! .-p {‘.‘ I e , . ,. -
‘- * I . > o ‘.', h _‘ ’-' "\ . - . ' 'e . ' .' r .. - .
l ‘.l‘ ... ‘ )~‘ ’ ail/1.}: I " f?) {-i " .'. ~ ..‘ ..'. S J (a s; i (EU-‘ “1 .'. .‘ ' i. - --
...-0‘ ~o .‘ o - ..4 - Q..- .~ . -..‘... -....- --.-w _.. . .-- - .. -.- u. d- . .I_-l -.‘-on». '.\. a“ -. “O
"I . . . ' '. . .. -‘ . ' ' .‘ . Y
‘ ‘4‘. I it." 1' i. I l :1 .’ | S .'.5 _ _ . ' :i: “ (' ...“ '.. if: ‘ ' " 1 I: .. - 5‘. I; :3... ‘ ‘
. ._.-v c- g t—--..-— O .- v— y In. o-o o-a --~-4' -.--.. cs- cr- c»-‘ c o o -.'.—c a
u “ o u
. . - o. g? ' '.'! ls' ', '-
..“ ." ‘IO-hfi’.‘I-‘u‘.'u'.lu . .-_... .')I- .6 '. J 1.1-8 \. ~rJ.l‘.
. . o
‘ 0' '\ 'O ‘a.’ h" .‘.- .’f'. " . ' \
. '- . ‘ ".' I ’.' ' . ’ '_' '.', ' ‘. -'f' ' '-
.r:-": ‘-‘\-’l' t ...’h' - -1. "J\u"c"r‘-§J ‘.’:J.E.J.\J,; ..‘. a
-. A r" z. " 9. r . -

1 _r', ~ _. . ' . .fivl'.- . 9 W 'n-‘v' v. '-- . -’ . . r.'.'. v“. u - l
..J‘_“1 v I ‘f o . IJ..:~'-(‘ J ‘.‘: '_ I .'.... ..-'- -'\,‘J ..-!J~).‘I __ '_ -_II~_’ “I .1 .- ‘-' ‘..‘t.\ . ..‘“ .
“' ' . I ‘ t ' I'. h

‘ '. \. . I. -. f . ..-., .- .’. ' . . A .‘-; .‘. , t ‘ H

‘..» ..’ (‘.‘-“-'..a-J~'. (.t‘-.qlJ-.-.. ..‘ \i‘.L' O .‘J ..'-J c'.- !!'.;.8".:' ’..: '.a
. , .-. - * .1' . « - . . . z'
'. w _ ’i ' p - ~ I '0 ’ '.‘V‘ o ' . .._ ‘ ' ’ - 1. I
.‘. ‘4’ I‘ ‘ 1‘... X. 11‘5”“ l“"u’_ll"o 3s’la'h. .'.} ..‘-'.'... ’-' ..‘. .'. .fi ‘1' 1 '.', \: ' c?) “A _t . ‘ .t!
\‘
.c ‘.' r I' J o .-. O '.' é. \ ... .. -7 ‘ ‘ -. , \-I‘ . ’.& . l'
. p. u , . h. ‘ | _ . . p. ' r u . o . ' -
14$.o4-Yot .. ‘4'J. .nf .. .L-DA.'(:-‘ .l.llt 11,-: .‘-FJIJ" ~Jya' ‘.:l.l.5 "" 3. I ."1- ..'.-L .
r - - . -
.L'J - .’. ..u.-.
S I.
.. ,- . .- A 1‘ . 0“
9‘. ...‘, yuu . :1 .3 .: f5, . . '.. _-. .5, , ‘n a .._... ‘ ..'; ‘ ., , ..- -.‘ A .v. _._ .' ...‘. ‘_ ' . u. .
..‘.!F.“ 6 ll .’.. -_,,, ... If. -; J'.p.'(_.‘ -'- .‘Jr_) . ..'.“ ..‘.. -..‘-i“). ”‘.'". ._., ‘.' In","f-J .. R-{j‘I’xv .. . u}

.- ‘J ..’. t .'.“-H-I‘ H-132 "1.3-13; .- ..'i- .J«.'.'-‘.\:‘-' . :JLI'LU)

122

U.S. Department of Agriculture. "Outdoor Recreation in the
National Forests". Forest Service. Bulletin No. 31,
September 1965.

U. S. Department of Agriculture. "Land Resource Regions and
Major Land Resource Areas of the United States".
Soil Conservation Service. Handbook 296, December, 1965.

U. S. Department of Agriculture. "U. S. D. A. Helps Expand
Outdoor Recreation for Fun and Profit". Office of
Information, October, 1966.

United States Department of Commerce, Bureau of Census.
1960 Census.

U. S. Department of Interior. "Our Fourth Shore". Prepared
by the National Park Service, 1959. -

U. S. Outdoor Recreation Resources Review Commission; As
Evidenced by User Satisfaction. Study Report‘é.
Washington, D.C.: U. S. Printing Office.

 

United States Outdoor Recreation Resources Review Commission.
Outdoor Recreation for America. Primary Report.
Washington,D. C.: U. 3. Government Printing Office, 1962, 12 pp

United States Outdoor Recreation Resources Review Comiasion.
Trend in American Living_ and Outdoor Recreatign.
Study report No. 22. Washington, D. C.: U. S. Gov' t.
Printing Office, 1962.

'The Report of the President's Water Resources Policy
Commission. "A Water Policy for the American People".

1950.
SPECIAL REPORTS

Blank, Vel, Gunn, Clare A., and Johnson, Johnson and Roy,
In., "Guidelines for Tourism - Recreation in Michigan's
Upper Peninsula". A Report and Recommendations,
November, 1966.-

Bureau of Land Management. U. S. Department of the Interior.
Recreation Development Handbook. Washing, D. C.:
U. S. Gov't. Printing Office.

 

‘ ‘ < hi , --‘ -‘ r a, .- .' ‘ - ' v
' ’ v ,, '.' 4 a _..-I , . I
"J .’A‘J ..~.| ‘-" -.v ~ . _.‘J -' . ‘ ..'.-" ., -° -‘ '.. l‘. h in . I. . .. . _ . 7}
u v D - , .' - F ' . 'v
I ‘ ..' ' I v - - r , m , I‘ - . ‘ I.
{.I_s. .1 .'. I .._. ..,_ 4." . ‘.'“, .'_. _ -. _-'.1’,. . .thg T)" ..‘, l‘ '...]-..u.
1 I. ".'- .1 " ' '
.‘.”) __. ‘ _J(.-‘ .1_, 1',

r ' ' u ‘ . I- a ' .‘. A ...’
.' . ‘-a .'.]. - I _ . .1 _ ' . I ' '- ' ‘ ax 5 '- ,1. I ‘ w. , -. ._ _ I'4 ‘ ' _ ..
.—:j.‘-£ \‘zd. \'_‘_‘ - 11 ...'. _ ..-l". ",I ‘-" L"....-Lt .;.J' A... -1.’.&-‘-.,. J... -.‘) .?‘,I..". l.’ . Cf.’:“.. . I .LI
.‘ -L ‘... ' -..'. .v ..,,..I. Z' . .._ ._ . H. ... ._..1. ., ' ' ..',_ ._. ' '..-
. . ..‘ ;‘.-.,l L 1-1.1:. Ll ..' .-...1 -5.” 1...: 4 ...; .x .---.av.-t..1..-'. '.. 4. n. .' (.,, ‘3, .
. '.v I' ._- I' , ' ca ., ._. .1 . i t. . . ‘.. .... . _ __ j ‘l '. _ ’-~. , .'.] I a ‘
g ~.l.' ...i. ( -'.utivf J ..‘ ‘ ‘... .-".,.'(‘§' ‘..‘.\..-.~. .;)\J...'I’ - -‘.. i11.'..'.~.’ ‘.'OJ .. IL“.V\,‘ -- 4-.A.‘.I"._l
" I ' I . ;. ' ‘ a . ._.. .- ‘. ‘.. ‘ - a‘ -'a m ‘ ’:
...', ' 4 \. .5.’ - . ‘. ‘ . . '..! . ’ .‘J‘QJRJJ‘EJ ..‘.. .-. -. r. -’. ‘1) "51A,, 7‘ , . , ‘ U
a a I . . I. ' ‘ '
“ ‘ . I . ~_ . . x . F ..' v.0 -. .,, I -’ . . ..‘ , .‘ _ ~ - ', ‘ I
.'~(‘ l~ .. .‘ . '.‘ g .‘ ..'. -. - ‘ l Luv ‘.' .~ .5 -1.(J-. {H - - ... ! «‘.‘. ' I. -. C'LPX- '..! .'
‘ w ‘ a I . . O ’ ’3 '.'
. ‘ , . ‘ ...‘ -. . . r- '.... -, ,-
.\."-" '.i ‘ .1 :.:L'-, -."‘.l ‘I--(.“'-.: S‘f‘a-l.(.—‘-LJ.‘.
- . -‘ ... .-\ . .a .. . °. '... .1. .. ' -0. .. '.. .. ‘ .."
"‘ "' . r M V‘ ('3’ t. . 0 " ,‘ . C‘I .~ P : I 0'_
.M-‘JL. on n“ -vr‘ fil. ~) -'.-i“ .L’rm ia:’l‘;. 1L..-! ”(..' _z'.‘.-...-.$.‘ .'.£.-'--'|‘. ‘..!‘l ‘ ..' ‘~:.)J_. ‘.'L
I
I ~ ‘ v.

' . ;.£;:_.1m.,) ._, ._-L

..n.’.‘-.‘.u‘~ '.., . Using». ‘-..«JJFU’J .'...‘MJ .-.I..‘_1--"Ju.:. -.(,' -.';;.::'.J.:.."-m"‘_.- .. .u

':'- f' . - . - ’.1' -- “.‘- '. o . _s .. . 'p ...-,-t
' 0 '~ L{.i ‘ :.‘D.¢'.\"J~Lfi I 4.“..1'. :1 [4 ..-. .'.-r ‘ ‘-.. 'I‘u‘a .'.):...t ('.J

 

."
a.
I
l
\
u

.- A.. . . VP .' , ,V ~.- ,. L r' r o ...... ' .. .- I. """H.' u. .. ..'. ..‘.. ". ‘ U
. _~.1... -.' '...kfv' .\ 5-. {:31 up)”; .'.IJLWI -. . r.-(..'_.‘._J.~.‘I..'..,.~x _..(.:('!.J..1.'*,' .'., .

 

‘ Ia'l , .1 . .... . ..‘. "b. .-.‘. . _ _ ‘ r , .f .
of- .- "C“ '1 ’i ' «"9; '.'. oHUJHJOS‘Luau-m"i'n'. -'.“.‘J-"U ‘(L‘i 3."...‘.'.'I.'.-u'-°.‘.'

. 1 . . .. - ... ..., . A
. ~ , . A‘ ‘.,~l‘ . ‘ . ‘1 ' -., u‘ _- , . _1
4 I 0 , ‘ - ‘ _. 1
l ..y..’_~.. .. ) “‘.‘J.'.J.’..1.'. . .. .J .‘.I . .t-.'I.. ‘altl 'k')l:"L ‘ 'i
f
I
i
I V ‘. . -' . . . ‘ I . ' D 'l . . a .' . ' "
, . ' .. ‘. ‘ ' “ ‘1‘ l f'. p I ~ I,- I. I. ‘ ' l_ '.'l"y. Iv -- . . “-6 ‘ | l ' '.' >' r - -. ~ .
I .1..‘_ ‘.‘-“sf”: 0 1'. «‘..-‘...‘t’fJa l,,..'.- ..E‘mlza - aJ‘ “.va..'.'-;;' .I -'.( ‘J. .,Jr(.4 $.53.) Ea‘)‘. ...«.'l. J L.‘
l ~.- . ‘oa .. I. ‘ o ’. .I l - - ‘ . ...» ‘- -: fa a9.» 9" r V ‘ I
. u- a S. ’ .- ‘J .l -. . . '-J~ I . I v.‘ c. [J “ §D ' .’. .I- ‘ a' ‘J
U c. u w....* on. .- ‘...- q .4- a- 0-9 9 a c on Q o ‘.’-o O on
' ’ ‘. - ' '.' . 1. ~ I '.., "n‘ .‘ ‘ o ‘ 7| ' l . .
Iv; . ~'~ \ . J ' '.‘); N a " ' .' ‘ . ’ “A _ '_ h’ . ' ' "‘ ‘ ._ ~-
: . ._.-_ ‘.. 13-1, (,).’..,.l_, ‘. ".€-',_.,..A,I,_e. ,. .{LM .' I}... .(..-) .‘._I .L. . .‘.,- .-. ‘la‘~.'-I“I{.‘...I.quzJ
|
n a l y _ I . ' ‘ a. , , a . a T“-
' '.I\ v v‘ 1 f~ I . 0 ‘~ '.I « I. ’.. v' .r. .- - ‘.‘.__o .. a, . - - - .'.; ‘ ‘Q. . . _ ;_ o
i ...‘..A--.l..Oa-..‘ H (. \ ’.' , v-i (,.I._.’.(I.,‘lu_.‘r!. LN‘J.J .-.' .'....r .’.(.".‘ls-JS.J‘:' t‘...‘.a':fv-l -u L.'.‘.I..L ' ‘J
I
V ' ' v. Q . ' ..
..nfi -,,. ... .L.- 9 ~ - -- . - ..~'-
- 1 I -.l\ ‘\- - - I .. In . l r . _‘ Ia « . ' _ . ' .' .
.1"._.‘;:~...'.L..'.- .- .'.'-\:~...-J'!. 1.44:: .:.:.\...‘.._-. {-.‘--.-.w'v f'_-. when...
I Uao- - -1- -.‘-‘on- .“ .4. --'.-0‘ ‘.‘. ----... *1..-.--.-...- u t .- .‘-.- 001.....y-‘n ‘ .’. _...A-a-Iu—n.
0' I I alg" I
‘ .. a . y . r, ' . '.‘. ' '. _. .Va. _ . .. ...- .—
! .._, ‘. '.w‘ . A .'b ..‘.; .'. ‘la‘o—".La.'A'T..a. .....\ .‘.... ..J-"““J.". ‘l'P-Lta'-
' ”O I r'\':"‘ -. _...-'-
' . l~¢ .-. .’. ‘ ..’ ‘- n-. o‘ . \ I - a- “ l 2 q- .. 4

, 0 ‘ J t ' . l ‘ ' on ‘. a. ' —:‘ l u . . . ~ ' f" . '\ l - .’
a: .‘.u v.“ol . as: ’~'- !'(-‘|.I- .4 at (.311 In -‘l..l. ".t «'.'.J -'. . l}... .J .'-U ..‘ ..'.(‘I‘ I (1,13.
: i '. -- ' I " c. '» Ia. .- ’. .. r A. o; .. -— c. I“ .. .- , ~~ . '
a l -: .. 1411:- .' H . . hi“; -‘i ..-. ‘L..JJ..:.L' - .1. mi ; .- ..:(v.'.(..o.{ ’1 ‘fiuf

. . ‘r . I .‘. '~
I ' ' l ' '
.2... . a L’ - ‘..L ' ‘
§ -I" Ca, .n-arva -'- C C '- ---.'-

" '. = v. ,- n' \r ,‘l V .~ -' ... .'.a', . ... ‘ ‘ r - I v, '. . o_ ‘.
‘ ‘.'..." nafvhl 3100:.‘;f~,i.5_; ‘1-‘ck.‘.5.t.‘_(fl“u ‘.‘}...‘J . . . ‘ ‘.~'.“.{"L.. ‘::{¢J,I2" ‘—L'. ‘1' ‘.,L’A.ll-5.-

_.Ir ,_._ ',."_.'.'“fl _';. ”-..,‘l..,.“_. . ‘,— ‘-.-..,..',- .,(T, n ‘ ' ;,.' "vi? ."
'.‘. 3. .-,-_-~.. .. -.-. . £1... I.=U.~‘.-$:'-..2 -'.-a .... - I. ..'..L .‘..u-U .‘. .I u- 5.21 .‘....:>1 .' In‘.‘ ‘ . EA
n: ‘ f a . - .'. r- s I
. ...’ ..-‘ a - 1"- 5., _v. .. t ' a -o - . .— ..‘ . ~ I .,, . .I v -
C‘. 2.1.- -.I .._-,..~l;._"n1¥ U-J'u-s “1,1120 .5-“."".. r‘, a 3J.li(.la-.u!. ‘ .‘ix'fi‘JJ
O ,
'0' . -’ ‘ 1
. "I ~. -‘. ‘ .'1- ' I! '_ VI‘II“.
\ . "I ‘ - m
a :r‘ - '- ‘ 1 ., .'.r . .— '... . ('1 ' U - .'. ..' l' . - T- ' g. T -. P, ,a ‘-
0 .k '.1.‘ .‘. - u *- ‘.J. 034.} .'.I.’ J £1.---,‘"~"l .'.f‘l'» ":‘K- g {I . .J:.- 3.“;.' .‘vfaf‘u 5 ".333; ~. - .L‘ [’.‘Lp‘g ii"
. ‘ o ' 3‘ m ' g'. ' ,' A ’ ‘ f‘
' ‘ " . ,_ ’- 'V \ ' _ ' D n ' - .' \ ‘ I y -- -.- a . . , ‘ > a - ia- '.‘
..‘, ..‘" 'a"!.'l.’\0‘}t" .J'I)C"»‘ '"A'. .'- ~,f.0' .‘.! ‘.’-2- 'J-. ‘3 r|(.’.’.-.r.‘.r‘— " -'
t - .-.- u- an a. .- ..”- ‘-- v- -- ans..- . - .. -.‘ -'.-I . .I- v -. on a an o - u.‘

1
‘ .. 'n ‘.

[-~-:-1-' -. ~.- -. .
IA ‘vug "I". .'. .'. . ~’ J \. ‘.v' . '.‘ . \J

 

 

California Public Outdoor Recreation Plan Committee.

California Public Outdoor Recreation Plan, Part I,
pp., Part II, 203 pp. Sacramento, California, 1960.

Grove, Sylvia. "Forestry in the Landscape". Forestry Commission.
London: Her Majesty's Stationery Office, 1966.

Edsall, John and Hewitt, Clinton. "Recreation and Qpen Spaces,"
Holt, Michigan, June, 1964. '

Forest Service. U. S. Department of Agriculture. "Title 2300-
Recreation Management". Forest Service Handbook.
Washington, D. C.

Louisiana Parks and Recreation Commission. Louisiana State-

1____ide Comprehensive Outdoor Recreation P___l__an, Supplement 1.
Baton Rouge, Louisiana, August 10,1966.

Milstein, David N. Research Report: 42: Natural Resources:
"Michigan' 8 Outdoor Recreation and Tourism" Project 80-
Rural Midhigan Now and In 1980. Department of Resource
Development, Michigan State University, 1964.

Milstein, David N., and Reid, Leslie M., and Associated staff
of Department of Resource Development, Michigan State
University. State Resource Planning Program. Michigan
Department of Commerce. Michigan Outdoor Recreation
Demand Study: Volume 1 Methods and Models, Volume 2

Activities Reports. Michigan Department of Conservation.
Technical Report No. 6, June, 1966.

National Park Service U. S. Department of the Interior.
"Special Park Uses". Handbook. Washington, D. C.: U. S.
Printing Office, April, 1961. ~ .

National Recreation and Park Association. Outdoor Theaters.
Management Aids, Bulletin No. 4. Foss Narum; 1700
Pennsylvania Avenue, N. W., Washington, D. 0., May 1961.

Soil Conservation Service. U. S. Department of Agriculture.
Recreation Memorandum-3, Supplement-L (Re: Ratios and
Distances Between Land, Pe0p1e, and Facilities in
Recreation Areas). washington, D. C.: U. S. Printing Office

State of Wisconsin, Department of Resource Development.
§_Plan for Wisconsin - Stage I: An Analysis of
Future Prospects and Needs. 1963.

 

 

 

 

' a _ .' ‘ . . I ' . 3 _.
, “ ' ‘ u . C r . o . J ' . o . - o, 05
J . — ~J ..’ - 1* ' 't .. ~ .- a. ;. -. F. - -’. ‘ .L, .'. -a 'J .‘ .. c .4! a :I.. ‘:--{ v - .'s ."l‘.
91 -,, . .
l .' - .’ v . ‘ ~ . a o - . . .
r . . a. M a. . A '
\’ ..‘. s' " . s. _ ' ’ ‘.‘. . A ., ,I -.'. .- 6 .,'_‘ ' - I“_ ,I L . .' 4;,
”-0 o w -~~. . a c I C o - d o - - a-w-w- . .-. -... A a n - - - - . - o . g g Q - ‘ s -
. - ‘ . . ‘ ._ .
- a .\ 1‘ - , ‘ J - - .'s :1. -- . . - ,
i . ‘ ) -’. c . ‘.’. > I .- —-- .‘. '-\ p ‘I. .4 o. 'v ') ..'-sis! .l . 6. ‘ ‘3‘ u» t . 4". .'. .‘ . O ‘ . ( ._ _ ’
u - s a
- 1 . I. .
1 '1 . I . l “'. ‘.v " I _r . 7'61, . " ‘ . ’1‘ I. ' -"" r ‘ ' 1 I" -"f' .‘ “.'..
‘.‘.,- '45:- ' . . ... . ...‘“ ..’. . _AL ..‘.. A .' ..‘ . '. ... ... . .‘.' 4. g ..a .‘.u, ‘1; . J ‘l , .-
’ ‘ r‘ n . ‘ " _ ‘ " , ' -' I _‘ ‘ ' " .. " . ‘.‘ )I'
x- . - .‘.-.’-. .‘....s. I. -.. .. . ‘.' - . . . ‘ . .:
. I ! ~ g b u. u . ‘
I ' I . _ ._ ~ . . o
l I [I _ t ' . a . ~ , —. .. . 0‘ '_ _
. - ‘ , .. ’ ... LP (..‘- - . . ."t'e': .’.-Ls. c -lu.... '.I» . ' '-..I 8.! 'T- (.1... ' .0 I
-.‘-—..‘.... ...... .. -.- -O-a- ... '7 ._. . ~- - ...-r ..'v s, - o
.‘. .. ’ '. 1.,0. I . l' I
.'"L’ J. ‘ _al ‘.‘ La ‘ fof . .. -'.. . . c-0-.(:.."
1' . a‘ I_‘. ‘ i‘ g " _, l.' r \ _ _ . _L " -‘. , .. -._. I'D ‘ ..' . I ’ - ’_I . v -1 l ,_ '1
‘ " . . ' . a , . . '.' I’ a < ’ '
—‘.‘ ‘ "A. 95- ..' _.. a -' .1. . -1 -..', ‘M_~ ~‘4‘ « J -.‘» I'- I cut-1 -4 .J-. ‘l ‘u! A;."‘.-' )ti . ‘ . b.’ . % '.r'w I .... ’ - .! "‘..; .’.k;
L ‘ . L ‘ I. _ . .
. .. ,o" o a.- I ' .. ‘... . o ..’. a‘ . -‘ U - - a. h . " h p. .—~.. .a '.' ‘ .'
.4 "‘r'.3‘ ': .- 5 s;‘-.'..’i - ‘.n ..‘..) 1"} Q -11.»- .'s.‘. ‘Laf -'l- ‘.' '..-1.1.0-J-u .I_:
--.‘-a». ..--a or. ..er -‘.-----..- - o‘ -..--..:- usa ‘ '
a a v '.' .v. D—
. c . .- c ‘4‘ s. l n ‘o'. t"-6
—'
. . 0 O .. . - Is, a ‘ v ‘ ~ - -
’.‘(r'h l"; "' " ' '1‘ ' .'_ I ' - ". \‘ "'I‘no ' ,' 'v ' 'u. .1 a " V j
~---.-t .. '.;- .1. ‘.. -! ‘.-». .6-‘(J.a -..'.... .‘i 6"...“ ‘v.3.k~-.. . '- .1?! ~’.'.~- ,0 7 Bl.rf1.g" .‘.r2‘ 3'
--'-...a ~ -‘..s~~-—--- . .-
’. " '-- i' v "-5 '- ---w " '~.. 71' -'.ra' -, p ' . H .1 .
... --|."v".‘ .' “...". (V - - i“- . . .. .' .'.‘.‘L'! .‘.,I.‘ F‘s. ‘.'. .‘1 I. "9"“; _‘ .'.".‘.
.'I- O O'-- O - -‘ -‘Ovid - q a . O-‘¢- a n a “-4 O ... n t ’ I -‘-..- -----o .~ — .ro . O O ~O Ci.»'.~o- a u a..-" .-
6‘ i : ' ' - - .' . - u ' u ‘ -. r
., .- . . . 4- ' a: , - ' ‘ .. ‘1 . I‘ '.'
U " ‘.-§ ‘ ‘.’—3 ..“!.'.)!"I - t n.’rl.'1.l-r. ‘4 -'.-’"t t ‘ ..'. :°‘ C - ‘1‘ d ..‘ u:
1
‘ . - u . 0 ' . ~ 9 . ‘ ..
c .‘ --p- . -.. ‘ , u, - I ‘ a. _‘. .-‘-._-,.._r,‘. ~ - Q»G—-nf. a". . ... .‘. . _ .‘-5. ; 4
O -- ‘ - 4 | ‘ ' v~ .. ’.' .'.-‘1" .. I J . :. ' ' . .I- L- "-... '~ .'. ' .'. "- ‘..v i . 1.4 '..v .4. 4’ :0 l t ..',d'. 1’, ‘J L’.-I.._~h _
'---4 -.- - -. .- ., ..., c.-—.- o --~.~‘o..»-A. ”-6.‘ -‘.”-U..~-..‘l.-O Irv-Ir -.‘-Q n ‘..-a- a.
| - , . ‘ - . ..’ u - - ‘2'. . - -- ‘ on: O 7‘ ' D . . I. —" ' .’. , ' I ‘. .. . .' . u -;'
1 " -.': -1 ..'.1‘ . -, a .' ._. ..aJ(,v.;-. all; ~ M ...J I. . .’.—J i1. -.L \JL .) $41,.- (... ..‘ .‘ e, -‘ .‘.-.. --.."
i . ..‘". 1 h . . “ I "" f. 0‘ I I :6 ..‘ ‘ fi‘ ‘ fi. 1' ‘ I ,6 . " ‘ “I f\'. "l .
la ‘5‘ -'-c-l(IL‘ «5 .l (‘ u..: .' .’ -5 )- rl‘- . .‘.“. .‘. 1.6.1. "11 r) ‘1'... I, ...J‘ _ 1"}... ‘.. Qf- '.' ’0
, .
. v. _ . . . .'. ‘n . , . . , 1 ’,
~- .' ‘.‘ ’ ' =.,- - V I ' . ._. ' " . ." -*\ -' - at ‘ ‘ ’. . ' 2- . .ux \- y .
. ‘.. -.l C :J40.J...VJ.!aL’ ~.~.~~JH- '0 I.‘L.‘I.. .‘.l'..'.:. '.'91-4 ."-’. (.'....tv..« .‘
U -- o

 

a
a
o
.
v
u
.-

 

 

. . ’.. ‘ I , ‘ '.‘ ...‘ ..'“ '1 ’ _ r,- 1' I " . i ‘ ' ’. .. (.'. _' ._.. 1" .
.-,,)... ‘ .'."~~.3 .‘J-.~-'\‘\.a'¢a , LI: ‘5 ‘ .' ~.;..l'.l.‘.l'~j|..f\ “v-’-;.r3 ...'-4L ‘ ..'; 1......f'..._ ti‘l‘u ‘...,‘K -’..l-~\
I
I - -~ - , - . ' ‘1' .. . - c t
'. f V . ,.\ . I ' “ '4 ‘ .. ' 3. our ' _ H,- UN ,v g “ ' .,g . "' ‘0 ~ ' - j >
.'.; . ‘\' " '1. ‘a-I A'A‘fo.« ( '11.“ hr: ‘- (..’.-a” u 'e- (.._? on) .3.-{!(.'(n-.p'-« —-(-..' u. 6.1 . g! ... J“-I" . ... 6
”.4. . . . . . “‘- . . ._..‘L: - .' ' ’.§.. ’.’ {-1.7 ..‘...\J .‘.. . .'., . .._ ..‘.: .._ ..‘ \ .'...‘. . . .._ ‘3. " ‘6'}
. [.1 ' ‘-. 1..»_‘. . . ...‘.- .-.. ‘ ..' .s , _ "It, .-IJnJJ. .. -. .. ..I(_I-_.., ..'.: .,, -n 14.; . . ‘...) ,S_-.‘. -.. ‘, -.. U.
I. f ('.‘ A. '3 I " V I. . ‘ f . ‘.’. ."' .‘( l‘. :“V L' '.'—..'.'l' 4 ""‘= I ' l“’ 7'; ""‘l.- l -.
‘p-O' . _: '- -.-~ I u -‘t ‘ ' ... - ‘ I '- A ‘.'.L .n-)“-L:JI i" (“J ..' .i g. .. v':- ‘! ..Al\ 31.6
C“ ~. . p u- - u g - ..- — c . u -- o no ‘ mum- .IIO-o-b-n J
" .. . . - ' a i - '
. .. I ' ~ , ' . IQ '2 . . ‘ I _ u_ " . C . ' -, 7 a l a '
.a . I ‘ I y‘- ‘ i’ c '.' ~- " l ‘ ‘h ‘ . t" ' ' .‘ .l ' u‘! "- I I ‘ 1' nag: " I O ‘ ‘7 I l ' l ‘
' _.--O O- .- .. a» n- h - I‘D 9‘ ca.- - o o I. O .'- n. .- o .a I ..-'-.- O- 0 —— uh’ - -- .-. ‘...-so 0 . o —
! . I' - - 1. ’.‘.. ‘. I: - _‘_l ' ._ . .'. ... ._ '.’ . ‘ ‘ :~ - ‘.. . - -‘ . ‘ . ‘. v
I .1...'.'...'»..L .L “...‘..H w - a. ...'; is-) .;.«;I‘ ‘ i ‘.J ...A.'...;..‘. .. ..‘- .. . I.’ .’ - ..'. .. ..'...
I J O . Ur -. ‘ -'.- -.’ ’ O. - ..
.p' H 1 .' -- . .. . ' .. . 3'
I .. ...-1 (...: J . ,r.’ .1... J..f.« ..!...-_.I1..., ...
3' "'. _ v -' v '* f n r
' , ' " r. n' (i . '. . "_' .,-‘ ., a“ l“ ' "‘ ‘. l' "a r\ s a- ..
..Li ....1 ‘.’. ..' ..h‘ . ‘.' JIJ" '...} ..ta‘~ ”.3 .x. . ).J-’.v .I_..“.. 41...... _._r..-\ , _:'.._;
l _ r . a - '.., t - m '
D g ‘ ; ', 'v .' ,. '.. . .. ‘ -. r " ., '__. ‘
.'H ..’ ° ..- .u ‘1‘("‘":;" "’1"""r" O-"-"-"‘l"-‘ -‘ O (a? Lu" 4‘... «’3 .’.f'v-.~.l "'.. .n
’1
0' Q- . I - ‘ ‘ .x O . v
| I “ - f ’ ' ‘.‘ ' " . . U
. -'. V! '. l ! .‘. ...- j.0 J'I ‘ ..’ ~ ‘ ..~. .~ 4 ' . , "“J. ‘6 I ! ... a .
U
.s.' "-.. ."";' ‘ f {4, -‘.-.I‘. .,, \~"'*I~ .: t'\(-. ~‘ ‘ " '|.«‘\ ' 5 . (t ‘r' 3 1" "~' ‘ A - ’. r a‘ -' .I"I¢"-'
} ...,» 1",l.'.r'.,_ .5,'~, ". -~J.J ' ..o(p.’.WdJ'.'-" .'L‘lk- ‘ -1-" J. '.'.;.:i latfl'A-J‘l. Jo-w. Lil ...{31=.J".Jsli -
-- ‘~~n..’- . ., o» -.. -... "’.- .'- ...-
' II ‘I- " I ,, Ir " ' f- v " ‘.. -~. ' .. —', ,. {.- ’- 'I1 ‘. . ._ ‘. .\ _, ‘ , . .‘ ‘
‘.’" ‘.‘. "‘-A-} -.';‘A \‘1h‘t ... .'.“ .9 l' d-‘....‘I !4_.LI.'.'-A ‘ LL14... ‘31.. ...'V L ' f ‘Rl‘...s ~
" 3 ". r '.'. f- .. "V ’11 '¢ I‘ q -’- -,I . I‘ I ' U‘ -‘ ‘5 - l “' . 3'. h " I‘ .-
I. ..I .-L ‘.‘ t .63 0‘» ‘ ~.~.J__‘ .‘.Llfllloa- ‘.. .5; ‘~’-J(‘1 “..' . Lbs... )1J.1~ \l"-l
. . ..A 4 . ‘ . ‘34 - .t . -c. . -". -"v ‘ ' 0. -. I r '
,I - I a ' . ~ . ‘. . ' § . . ' . . , - w ~Ir . . - ‘ -’. r_ v. - .. . . ,'
. I \'..‘\l~.'.,.. .‘.”.t. ..‘.l .341.‘: . .l..'- .1’. 0 .4 .La 0 )-/-.‘ ...c, . 110;... .‘...‘1. ..."K ‘1‘ \.~* ....‘.k I
c .\ . ,. ..
, ... ,. ' .‘.. .. ‘ n, .3. .. . ‘ , ‘1 _- ,. .fi,__ _ _ ’, '. .I_ ., '
HIM-E: (.'...L‘: .‘.. ...'; l . ‘."R'A'VQ.’ 1“ -‘.1‘. EJ .' t :v‘l..-l .I ‘(Y '.‘; .' ... '..z.) . 11‘ ... s! P," ..'.: t, \
--...o-o-.. - n n- '.. .-~..|a‘o:-~ -.'-:~-.----.—--.. g - »~ 9 ' .‘.. o .5- .- L o--— I-
-. . . ._. - - , - v. '., - . I ' g
. ~" ' ' 1' ,' 1" ‘ fi 0 ‘.‘ ' .'. .1 . l '1" - " f'ff r- ' V' ' -
1-‘0‘5 \o-o ....J . -‘... ~6 2 .~. ’. {La-J .—. ..'.t".'- ' J. ‘ 1.'~ {.IK' {inf-...‘ ~Iv5 ) y.‘ ‘L-..‘ .Jnncl (0.} a
r A _ . ' n u ‘ _. | __ U .- n .
‘ . 1' "-.‘ 7 - , ,~... . D _‘. . ' l _..I‘ . ,. . ..‘, I ...- , ..‘ ... .-x. ' ...' .'
J - - - \.‘ .,,........D.'. .4... .Ca .‘.. . .u.” .K. ‘61,.1'J'.11-].za‘slll‘au. . ’\I.‘ZJ ‘..o. .‘ l.‘-—.-}P-'.".~) A
Q . a.
fi) ‘- '5 fl' :" , a:
a 5 ‘l- - . . . I
. . ~ . ... .4 ‘1 a
" ‘ I- . 4 ' I A I ‘ ' ‘ I J I
4 I‘ 1'. ' r ' ‘- - ‘u . ' ’ ‘ '6 > i‘ o - _ ..¢. ,
0‘0.' ". ‘.--.J./.a . 6 ‘...!»{Jm '4‘. - (' ..II'.‘ '-'__-.| I" (:J“ r._£(..-(_, . 4' ._.; .. -
. , .. ‘ .‘ . . -- n
' ‘ : ‘ . . . 1. a . 5 . ‘ ' f .
..(D t;-;.u.’.a.:.!A A H... ..1 I?" Batu. - N .t‘.'*\1 ‘i. (‘. .. ‘.‘-L '-
8 . snags-cu .’.-_... . -.. ... o - .- . r -.. - . -n
' ' " '. f ' . r
a-.. '3 ' _. .\ I“ A I . ‘v I" "1 . . . . . J y o , ,. .
.-‘: .L .u”..-).’i 3.3.1:.) L.a.l.-:‘ ..L‘. . .'~.'.l‘..v.f.“..
I

 

124

Wisconsin Conservation Department. A Comprehensive Plan for
Wisconsin, Outdoor Recreation. Madison, Wisconsin, 1966.

Wager, J. Alan. "The Carrying Capacity of Wild Lands for

Recreation".- Society of American Foresters. Washington,
D.C., 1964.

Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources." Public Recreathan

on the 'Big Chip' ". Northern States Power Company.
Mhdison, Wisconsin, 1968.

U. S. Department of Agriculture. "Day Lake". Chequamegon
National Forest. December, 1966.

U. S. Department of Agriculture. "Vegetation Management for
Rights-of-Way". Forest Service. June, 1966.

U. S. Department of the Interior. "Outdoor Recreation
Requirements Upper Mississippi-River Basin".

Bureau of Outdoor Recreation. Ann Arbor, Michigan,
October, 1966.

THESES

Donelin, Daniel W. Recreational Develogent within 31:33 11:;-
Countz Region. Michigan State University, A Comprehen-
sion Problem Report for the degree of'M.L.A. East
Lansing, 1967.

Edsall, John F. .éfl EvaluationIgg the Significant Design
Develoggents gfiILandscape ArchitectureIig the United
States, Michigan State University, A Comprehensive

Problem Report for the degree of M. L. A. East Lansing,
1965.

Falk, Hillar J. A. Proposal £35 Future Outdoor Recreational
Facilitieing Grand Haven, Michigan. Michigan State
University, A Comprehensive Problem.Report for the
degree of M; L. A. East Lansing, Michigan, 1963.

Robinette, Gary A. Guidelines 3:95 the; Establishment _o_g _a
Regional Trailway Network. Michigan State University,
A Comprehensive Problem Report for the degree of
M. L. A. East Lansing, 1963.

 

..‘ . 3 ‘ _ .I . . A. . , . ‘
4 ' - .1" ‘ "- .'. ' ‘.' .n. f if; n . ... ‘I '~ 'x...‘ tl “.‘ .I 'x' .
- an“: ‘-.-.Q-A. o n a o~-v- -.- .o o o q ..- , - .
I \ . C ‘ D
f . .' .l‘ - « ' ‘ - . '.' N ', . - .' ' 1 1
O 3 .-.. A“- ”'.J‘MJ - '\"-‘: .1 .t't‘, J I s'v” — ."H‘ ).-"_ ‘.. I-l ‘.‘..‘x »
t t ..- ‘fl " . - l- ‘fi— --‘. v - C .- L .‘- Cr. - .0. .0.
' l- u r v ‘ . I. i f
" '. .'. ' ‘ . _ ” I. f . , \‘r -- ru . ... . f. . ' -. .‘.' -\
-'. - .. . u! .’--L-.. - '.n .13.. b- . \ ~:, .1 '1 - an. <1 .. .5; ‘. .. o ‘ g E: I.
. ‘_ .
- I ~' ' ‘ .: ’ ’ I ‘ o . O . I
. . .- - ‘.. . . . , _ n , . .-
) '- .' ’ f ' t! ‘ \n .. .l' ‘ ‘J . .a' .a- -‘ A ‘ ..‘) "3 .‘. "-“l . JJU- 0'1" 1 - -’- '

. . . . . 1 P . '.' \ " I '
f‘ ‘ .\ . . '1" ‘...-‘v.- .I . '.. r--‘ - . - ,, - ~ “-p u ‘ - ~ : - 4‘ r.‘ r
1-4.L .44— - -'.»; ’.v..\l-‘ .‘.. ‘5»- -.:»’{V’~’,...‘2. .,,.I,J;.. .IJ .-\ ...‘ ... - I . 'g A}. ¢.:«\..-..-._f
_ .. u ’ .‘ , . .4 " _ l ' . . ... - . r If, t I ' .. . |‘ ' " ' I. {.--‘ u ,.
I ' , . l r ' ‘ n ‘. -‘ ‘ '
o -' ‘.v . \K 4... .'[~ du‘qw-’ ... !."..‘;..J J.u.t . L-.‘Hl - u a ....\-'
- A

 

._ . . .n- . s -- ‘ ‘o _ ' . v
1‘ ‘ - ~ ..‘. _ u ' ' . ., ‘.. IQ: . ' d.d~ -' I .v .‘. ‘ - . F' i ~4' ‘ '.'I‘ u .
K (5,-7.-1_-‘“\"J-u« . and l‘. Li'u— .'.: .:.LJ_L.U..--. an.“ J‘I .’. .."—’--’-~" u‘ o
. . ‘ I. _ ‘ _
~ ' I s-~.,| '. l f 1 "I“ .’ .-',, ' .‘ . - 5. .
. ‘ .\‘ s. -‘~ g ’1‘. L" ‘»l‘ " " 5 J ‘h; . K. 't" O l \‘ o‘ 4!. f ‘ I ‘.... ."Q -‘ ‘ .' ; m
. l S ’ b. '3 ‘ '
‘ ~ ..‘, " '_.I :. l"'. ., ,._,_ O‘; ‘. .'..\ .... . -. -.‘:4. . . -‘. ,. ‘
,. ( .. - o! , .. .‘ ...I. n :o‘ ..- ‘ .‘.J )\'J. . I .--‘ wt: .‘ .x. I_‘-u -.‘. .’~. . - - (J- . ‘5‘." ‘..,J’. . -' Q n Q U
- .— ‘ rr ’.' - '
2 . , , b _:,.- v‘ -o l, .' -’ ,. n _ “.- .. - , . ..
.‘.‘J‘ at ‘ ‘A.‘:'l; .n.’ -3." J-”~-.) : '1'”, -‘(J .. g n ...I - ' (’-'-411. ... I.
.

 

’(~ (.{25'W'i'1‘ «‘.' : u'j . ‘v.-u‘ .'~.~ ' .
5.) -_.: . -. ' .. .L. . ~J~-‘~. .J ‘.'- —~.'~‘I..,.. n‘AJ -- . g}- ‘1 _>'- .'J',| .'. .g,

 

 

 

' ‘0
‘
'...o
.‘

..., ..‘.-..>n.-.

—-..-————.—-.r——________._..
C
K..-
F.
\
1— .
I
r“
R
‘ s
.
a
.05
~ ._
¢
u
0
‘
l
“a
I
,

‘ _ ..‘. ' , ‘ ' u ’ . I ' ‘ . " : I ' u p. ‘ '
m .. ' "-' - ‘ 1 - '-'- . 1" ' ' ' ’ “"-""‘ ~. - . ' ~ ' ' -' -
‘ .4. ' .'. J -\‘ ‘.'- ) ~.,' 5.14“ - ' ‘1. - ~ . -.'/-. .!-_..a;o ’.'..1 "-~ \. . . -'. .'...III‘.. ".!-I..‘~.-.!t". '
1 '... . . I '- - fl - ~‘ I ‘- ‘ “q 'A . -‘. .‘.- O C ' - v- .'. ..“‘ ’u -‘- r. w- - ’ ‘5‘
7 a I *' ' ‘. " - . t .
--' _. .‘ ‘._ ' V v- {."..‘ -.'.nn' ‘ _‘fi~._, _n, I. I .‘ ‘-~-..- ‘9
' ‘I- ' .‘..x ‘.v‘. v - I'J \- .. ‘ " -'.k. .'. n’ .\ -.‘: "J 0' “ "4"! . ‘. 4-5.flu. [:\-'.‘~~K - . rt -.‘., . .A.: |-_!_ '5“ '
a ‘ \- ‘ - .--. via .- - -L - .— -. -..-
- '. '- ‘ ' " - _g n " . ' ‘
‘ I. ' _. _ . ‘ . ..‘ -.' _ -‘. ,- _ ._ ._. Ir, ; -_ I . - ‘,
..'....u‘.’ . _.‘.. . . !' i' '... I .3 .J!.l..) .LK‘...'. .’--.(‘Kr .' .,..J,‘_‘. L... .. -~(.
.\
‘ A ,' v o
a . 3 . c. . p 1
. a‘u‘ -. (‘...-.-.‘.L .‘....
‘l
" n ' ' ’ ' ' u ' ' I '5 ' " r _-
. ’ '.‘-a ' “ . "‘ ".‘§ u“."‘(" . ,. .,
l'- - \-- -"' ~ - )iu- ..-- ‘ . -"‘--J ‘.’ } "rv~ i“ .. ‘0‘; . {si' . ‘.'.1”- la ‘.‘..3.’.l\oil-.
.h. I .‘.-0. O. U'. - “ .'- - ‘ "- Q -' .—- .‘- ' -'.. ‘-“- ‘- .l . 9“ .4. ‘ I. C - -‘ .
' I n w
I . - . .' ‘ . .
j I | r . II j. g ": - v Q .<
| ‘» .. LA‘.‘ .’3' _r' .‘. , ‘I .'.4 -. ' -I_ ‘..}. ; , .r' f: ' {Ir _ t._‘ | . _Ifi ..' ' “.S_! ' ' ..'..
I - - . ‘ ’-I“ I. I - -.- - ‘0. - ‘ - - -.'. O - . .- -I-‘Al. .\ N- - - .6 - - ‘i‘ ‘0- v -..lv.‘ -l— -.w . I- ...~ C“.
| . . - -. r a
- - . . ' .'. . .t . - . . '
_ > . - .l . -‘ ' ‘.', | .- .‘. _ . - 5. ~ ‘ ‘i L ~ _‘ o
v.’ \’ '~.onf.~ H.‘ ' ..‘ '4. i. '.' .- ‘ ‘.‘ ..‘. N. —‘ f (’-.3-‘L' ' <J - ‘1 I . ,o.‘ ‘ 'g 4 .‘ s‘ - -‘
-. v- .'I‘ -‘- -U C
i (.-,!-...\‘l'..4.- ..'..“ . o-‘ .lJ 9'... ...L) ...!“ .‘ -.J.‘J .tKI.'. ...-.u‘ -..'.I £5-'-‘.".H'.' .
. - i’
. .. 2 ..L
l ' v -§ D h- ‘ ‘ v.
‘ ""'H ..‘-1... ...—'.‘ 5 . ..' (.,,,“....::.‘§ . ‘.... :1. ;|'."' . ..‘ 9f ’...; - ..1' .- t ..l.‘ '.': »: 5. l :I';
- ll. - .. .0 . A - ..-'. . , ‘3 . ..4 ...’ ‘ - . l ..' ~-l-.‘ .‘. ... '- ..‘. ... :3 k. ' . f " . f . 3-1 - . .5 ..‘. a..’.. o - u." r‘
C - C - ‘ 1 '... ~.' - ..‘-‘4‘ . v- .l‘- --‘ '\ - O ' - ‘ - - -~'- I. .n I ’ ~01— - .' U ‘RI ‘
- . . - . . 3 .~_ " t ’ O l I '
‘ .‘., . I . _ I‘ . ‘ . '. {- ...- _ i a. ' .' r. . . ' '\' ‘g '.. 3,. ... .- ..‘ '.:
.‘\l~'d “-','.- i--’a.’ . C At? .u¢'~‘ . a.) V-." .'fiLl’fi" a .‘ ‘ -‘.‘ J—'._.—.-. 1“
n‘ -c- - Ankh . ---'on‘. ‘ u- ‘ . ~— .-,,- v . c - c-.~ ..'- ..'.- --«- -.- ..'. db. ‘ q- o - .-
. . ' e- " r . ' -- I
' '. .7. . - ‘.‘,‘ ._.. ' ... ,‘ . ,,, ‘ _. {’._. V . , .,....,._....r ,
u '.. -i ..’., ..‘. .} -'.1"...v...‘ a L,‘_¢'~.'-I(J . _‘.-_ n." ’.‘,(JL: "J ‘..l .4" ' "..“L’ l‘- e ‘.’-u "d 1.“ (‘.'.c ‘.J
..
‘ f l . u. u. - . . . A .
n . ' - , _n 1 .
'- ' . ~ . ‘.. . 1‘ O :1 . -| l . . .-. >; ~( I- <‘ r:
.‘- ' ..L (.11.rl~..9—‘1~J-.’. b (‘35....Q." 9.1..- ‘5'” “ . ' .\- ’1‘ ..‘.] L..- .'. 1““..l
.— . O
I -. .. . .. - ‘ ‘ ,r,,.°. . . .- -l n ‘ ‘ - ' k ' ' 0 o - .
I.‘~ ,' "‘ A'.v ' ..' .7 : c . - .," ‘ .“f" ‘ ‘~ ‘V
.‘.. ' v v a! A.‘ . '3 5 LI ..'. J. L I Jsu ‘..! ,-'.' '-’ c - ‘-' \; '.' .l. -L. ‘ «Ii- 3- " . ... - -. .*“.‘ e 5.. J -I . ‘I‘c‘m- ‘ \
-'I -.--n. 0.0- 9 on 0‘ -7 '. -~- -- -’-. O-a .;~‘-f. -. c --n -‘.; ,- .--—...“... I .. 5
A .
-{ - . ..’ . ‘ ‘: ' .. --'~ -. . n. - ,..‘ ' - I. ‘ "‘ ' . ‘ "
- v - ‘ » I» . ..‘, -. 'x. ~ I. ,‘ .V-n r n- ,«~. = .--_ ;
t .‘.. 1.'-- '\ J.l-Ll -—‘<ll.)~..' - ..'IA.‘ ,-..I/-r....1.- O“ -.\J-~‘~’~ ‘.‘A .' .-..J l. ...'. -'. ' _{‘,‘_.-_ ~ —
0mg. - v -— 0 —-- l n‘»- - a- --'.-. n . .. —:.‘~‘ ... ..o‘...--..
v - w ‘ f' ’
.- . -‘-.' .'. .. «_3 .A- A9,: _ o, 04-,- n1. -_. . v _ -_ -~_.. : .. . -. ‘
-.‘ _ . ‘.‘.J‘J._‘ ”:1“. _.h_.- .‘ ‘_‘.f$_ . _' I;JJ.(‘.’ ‘1 . '-J‘.,,{.o.l..1..o ‘, _., . ‘.‘-u '1.
- '1 r - .. _. 1 .~ . ’
‘ . ' l ' 7’7 1 . :_(o q .- .. I.
. .t-‘ -..; c, '.~ “-.‘ s3. .51.. .c; .‘.,” ‘.

 

 

C4

 

 

 

IIIIII .Illi:ll||