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DESIGN AND
CONSTRUCTION
OF THE TELOMAT

THESIS FOB THE DEGREE OF M. 3.
Warren Herbert Bliss
1931

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DESTGI’l AITD CONSTRUCTION

A mheeis Submitted to
The Faculty of the
Hiehigan State College
of

Agriculture and Applied Science

by

Warren Herbert R1133

Candidate for the Degree
of

Easter of Science
{(«gn'

June, 1931.

(~15?) '1 ‘ *1 T" F'}"“.'.'“!(j
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Toyic Peg
Hieforieel 1

a. Advantage 0° Controlling Power'

1- ,o , w , rv‘v, n n ,‘ _ '-, I .,. .
o. 3-1.. [LUH laws 01 um trol Mgr; Power

Requirements of Remote Control Syctexe 2

a. Instartamemrs Confiro] of e Iumher o? Circuils
b. Eelialility

0. return Signals

d o 83.7’11311Cj LA‘T

Characteristics of tbe Telomat 5
8. Uses Existing Telephone Lines as a Yedium
b. Is Simple to Operate
o. Gives Suya:*viso:.-y Control
6. Operates Telephone Preperly

General Construction 9
a. Arrangeneuts of Parts

Derailed fixplanetion of Operation of the Telomet ll

a. Ringing Potential Turns on the Power

l3. Vfiaolnxnalfnlw> AvquiJ‘ienz £n1d.;;PiLi-?hescniarxrg \.i:%3uifl.s

0. Relay 54 and the Buzzer Signals

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6. Position of Contactor Arm and Ooeration of 3

Cor! bro] C item 13:?

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6. TelOflat Shut Off and Confiro

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ks. Ifflwefign':tALALoyl

Contaetor Driviog Votor and Teehanlsn

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51. L115), 01 01"

b. Tl-e Atrjllier -r

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The Alternate Imoulse Locking Relays
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a. EKplsflstioo o? Coerotlon
. . . n .. -. . ~ .0 .0. ., o -
Pow-m "YPQHSJ OI'MUI" aml 3‘80», Lf‘ Le?" U H.‘ 5‘)

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a. Trersformep foltqges
b. Type 290 Rec“iFier
FT". ..- y
C Q L1111U 1'.)
Functions snfl

x. .- m l- 1| q u. I ’ 1' \Q ' \ ‘ ' e V '
Trt 1 33b During tie mobineefis' “Jon

C. tw_-l' LONFLW .imeiIg; Plruned (x1 TIinsfcnwgwr
Instructions for Setting ”9 the Telemat

a. Proper Position of the Tele;hone

0. Connection LO the Ringer ClPCUlu

C. Controlled Jirouits
How to Operate the Telomat

21. Looking in the rectum-1:13.11

b. The P zzer Signals and Thein Interpretation

0. How to Close Any Given Circuit

Page

1

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d. Signals for Closed Circuits and How to Open
a Circuit
6. Shutting Off the Kechanism

f. How to Check Up on the thistle T.~Iote

Trouble Shooting 34
a. Failure to Heepond to R'nging Potential
b. Tubes Light But Eotor Does Tot Start
0. Receiver Hook Does Hot Operate
d. Relays Will Eot Respond to Whistle Notes
6. Other Suggestions
Various Uses of the Telomat 40

lo Control a Substation
b. To Control a Pumping Station

0. To Control 3 Lighting System.

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CO'Qrsoc 3‘, L0!) Dif-agl‘zi :1

Front Vimfi J.

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Setup Used During tie Engineers! Slow

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:Tw-mit: COKtI’QI Of a Substation 7.)»? Telom:.-W

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Opel‘iiLuLOIl 0L 51 Pumpulil Stu blO'! u}; Telomz- I.
u- »_ u_ n 0 N1“, 1. o , ,g ‘ - rm _’ ' __ ..
lit, 101 '3 \AOY‘HAJ‘Ol OL 8 Liv: at Mt ' ~23; s... o > i ll; 1-101141,

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DESIGN AND COI‘TSTBUCTIOI‘J OF TEE TELOI‘AT

‘7'

Historical

In one respect the degree of civilization of a peOple
may be measured by their ability to (directly or indirectly)
control power supplied by nature. The first stages of power
control were probably when men trained animals to work for
them and used rivers for irrigation. is time went on the
values of fire and explosives were learned. Gradually man
discovered more and more physical laws and so was able to
devise systems whereby the motion of a lever or the touch
of a button performed a task which previously had required
a great deal of effort. Today we have arrived at such a
stage in scientific research that a mere whiSper or the
passirg of a shadow may be wade to control an enormous
quantity of energy.

By means of a micrOphone connected to a vacuum tube
amplifier system and relays it is possible to Open the
throttle of a 50,000 horsepower turbine by a single Spoken
word or sound. This is an example of controlling power by
sound energy. Likewise by use of a photo-electric cell it
is not at all ditficult to control any given amount of power
by light energy. These devices can be made so sensitive
that a very small change in the sound or light intensity

will actuate them.

Because it is advantageous to have one man supervise

many machines or systems and because these systems may be
large it was by necessity that remote control methods were
invented and brought into use. Today there are many kinds

f remote control systems found in practice. The fundamental
function of them all is to transmit or communicate a small
amount of energy to be used in controlling a larger quantity
of energy. As an example of this there are within the United
States many powerful radio broadcasting stations which have
their transmitters located several miles from the studios

and control panels. Also it is quite common practice nowa-
days to have a person of fame start new installations,

unveil statues, etc., si pl by pressing a button or by

CI

speaking a word in his own home or office.

Requirements of Remote Control Systems
Among the requirenents of remote control systems for
most trpes of installations are the following:

1. Instantaneous control of a number of circuits over a

 

{11

single circuit. nis means that some type of selection must
be had which does not involve the time element. Thus, it
might be necessary to Operate an oil switch at a distant
station at a certain instant or wi'hout any delay. It is
also an advantage to have a single line or circuit serve as

medium for controlling many circuits.

2. Reliability. Some remote control systems are too

 

complicated to be dependable. A good system must be reli-

able - even more reliable than a man; otherwise it might not

we to use a remote control device. In control-

V

be of advanta
ling an automobile or aeroplane by radio it is essential
that the Operator be able to depend upon the mechanism of
control.

5. Return Signals. Remote control is usually of little

 

use unless the Operator has some means of knowing that the
distant circuit is functioning according to his desires or
commands. This requires that the control mechanism transmit
signals or other information back to the sending point so as
to tell of its behavior. This is called SUpervisory control
and is used in the remote control of substations or puwping
stations.

4. Simplicity. Usually he reliability and ease of

 

Operation depend upon the simplicity of the system. It
stands to reason that if there are fewer mechanical moving
parts and fewer electrical circuits the device will be less
liable to get out or order. It is undoubtedly best that the
manipulation of the system should be so simple that a tech-

nical expert is not required to Operate it.

Characteristics of the Telomat
When the Telomat was designed it was desired to build a
device which could be Operated over any telephone line now
in service, which would have a minimum of electrical connec-
tions to the line and would have provision for controlling
five circuits. These three characteristics in addition to

those discussed below were incorporated in the design.

 

 

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Connecf/on Diagram- of N75

TEL OMAT

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The Telouat is not difficult to Operate. Two tones or
whistle notes are required and by using these notes at the
proper instant as determined by the buzzer signals sent back
by the device, any Of the five circuits may be Opened or
closed.

Supervisory control is also used. By mears of the
system of buzzer signals employed it is very easy to tell
which of the five circuits are Open and which {re closed.

Another feature is that the answering of the telephone
is carried out in a very natural manner. The reciever lies
in a certain position within the glass case of the Telonat
and the transmitter is directed into a rubber tube connected
to the buzzer chamber. The receiver hook is lifted when a
call is made and lowered when the call is cowpleted. The

device responds or starts "listening' wr.n the bell rings

and in case no message is sent it "listens” for ten seconds

and then "hangs up".

General Construction of tte Telemat
By referring to the accompanying photos an idea of the

general arrangement of the Telouat can be Obtained. The

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overall diwensions are 2s incles high 27 inches long, and

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rm

10 inches from front to back. inc parts are essewbled on
three levels or decks, the heaviest parts being placed on
the lower and the lightest on the upper. The franc is '-;av:e

3 o o 1 o -
of ; inch galvanized angle iron with all the Joints are

'1 1 o . 1
welded. The deck floors are E incn slabs of tranSite. ine

entire friue is housed in 3/16 iich plat
the end 071 \.'/}‘=‘°<Tt}l 1:37 F: fulfill? {It‘d-:11.“ ilf'. 'fl‘lll
framework is painted blecx.

The general lacout of parts is as f

rs i. T\ w'
bottom UBCA

l. Tran

P r) we I‘

(3

4. Alternate Impulse Looting Felsys
3. "B" Voltage Potential uivider
4. Plug-in Sockets [or the 5 Contro
Circuits
"iddle Deck
1. Contactor Drivin; 'otor
2. Contactor Arm an: Zeclanisn
5. Telecode Relay
4. Plate Circuit Relays
5. Condenser Rsrlc f‘or inn-‘19 'T‘nhe
6. CO'r‘ulevlzs‘eI" 77.25111“ 3417‘ Platte, $1.19le
7. DOUble Choke For Plate ”Upply Fi

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e floss exce,t ,or
ted. The aetal
ollows:
17 ‘1... 1..
1.0 LI: olOIl OI’]
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Connection hiagram
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J.

8. Condensers for Contacts of SQ % 3,
.¢ 1)

9. T117131}? Tuhr-e and 3701111111113

10. Type .230 «(,CIL'L-"v “,1" Tube flail IfO'LIHitiqu

11. wells {—‘uld COI-‘.11“EL;'3jl-' for [111121-3333an fl,

Cilmnyizs
Top beef
1. unpliPier inhes Tvoes 293 & 112
.i
2. Response Tubes Types 293
3. Audio mransf‘orners

A.

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4. Thypnt Thun1sfor*rn1 T1

5. Input Hicrophone El

6. Welder for Telephone neceiver

7. ovoaon Conderisers C2 % C3

8. Buzzer Chamher

9. -ecoanism for Lift’ug Receiver Hook

lO. 'illlaumei ers conhéc«~fi to the Plate Circuits of
VT? 3: V114 (not shown. on the contest-ion diagram.)
Open-L111: ion of the 010111.11 Ln Detail

To uhnecsfiaod the follrwl;r3r1fplanailoo it Will be
necessargrtx);fle_er to tflwa cooneeti itflinliagraulrnui to severwfl.
op the ph tos.

The power can be suppliel by any o0 cvcle a.c. circuit
of 105 to 135 volts. ”hen the Teuom"t is callei the tele-
code relay 0:, whicr is actuated throne? the oluw P connected

u x.) .L U
DO tVe rirger ter1inals of the telephore, responds hy Clflfilnx
its contacts and power is snppliel to 'ue power transtormer
T4 and the contact drivinc motor I . Before the rioting has

o g s

stepped trze contacmt1r arm J has rotated far enough to allow
contacts H and G to close. Since the coat acts H are in
parallel with t1e contacts of inn telecode slay the motor
and tr nsforier continn> to oe 0K01V“d "“‘*7 559 T05”tiq5
contactor arm makes one revolnrwow when H and G w 31 he
o£_;ern3l :njairu scallnir43 CK“? tine DOVJlP.

as long as contacts G are closed rer" is oath
Sllgi‘lled to t‘rm re‘eLve" Moo! lif‘tinr; r1ec chqni sm (see) I rang TI

1°
IQ.

and parts; A, D, Hg, and S]. of the C(Dtinectlon ('liaggl‘avn) and the
hook is held in the listening pOS 1tion.

To "lock the Telonat in” so that it will continue to
listen for more than one cycle or revolution of the are a
"low note" of about 1200 cycles per second must be sent to
the nmufiiine. %E:is wilfl.irs piclzral up in; the rmicrogdxrie E1
shown in photos A and D. By studying the connection di- gra1
it its seer: t1:1t 1fi1e ufltucoptnn1e 113 corqited lJTtO a invo simige
audio amplifier circuit composed of vacuum tnhes VTl and VTQ
and transformers T1, T2 and T5.

It zmnr'be poir1tai out.}rerc tlmfl; the diinxzt onwrmnit for
operating ‘he microphone iSSUpplied by connecting tte latter
‘;reCL curr e11t plate supply from the type
280 rectifier tuhe VTS; lance, no he tter; is needed.

The 01tput of the transforms T5 goes to the two anti-
resonant circuits P1 and P2. The latter, which is composed
of a canacufanoo connecteJ in parallel with an air-cored

nductance coil, resoonds to a frequency of 1.200 cvcles per

0nd. ConSeqnently when this oar cicular \vave is applied

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to the circuit the voltage across its terminals will i1icre 13°
and hence put an a.c. potential on tne grid of VTé. inis
vacuum tube, type 226, nas about-2 0 volts d. . normal grid
bias and no its plate current is suppressed until the grid

is supplied wit? an a.c. or a positive o.c. voltage.

1h; a.c. voltage irnpif-esseil on the grid fpcm b14113 anti-

0
I—r
p

r.
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O
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of P2 will cause an increase in lie plot 1 current

LL. 0 .O ..-, ,-
1 the relay 0?. n 0.5 m1. conlenser is

correctei in oursllel with this P613? in order to bypass tLe

. ,. . _ _ ., 1-1-, w 1.. . -"“u M1. - n 1.1 1,
8.0. anl ifiprOVW ULO Ogcratlon. .4ue coHtac 3 0L use relay
are afljusted to close with a change of current 09 about

three milljaflpetes.

The closing f the con acts 09 $3 00mp1ete t?

in; circuit cf the alternate iwyulsw locking relay 34 which

0 - N O ‘ J_'| ‘ n ~,,‘J‘_ A. L ’P‘ {‘11, ‘ _ n ' r '5 ‘
non ClOSJb 1ts t_ree sets 0; CUfloEboo. ue set 0; CQNl&(43

at the left end of this Paley (see (

parallel with contacts H and the contacts of the telecode
relay; Consequently with ttn 100314; 1” 0f P9133 34 power
will be S'IlPI‘]_:S.r-=fl continuously to t‘vn mm)?“a'?.u'm umtfl 13“": 701'!

note is stein sent to lock out S¢ and the contwctofl spa
\J 5. . A
- _ .1- -w . - -, . .2... . -.. ~ ~
cowes to to: sterling anJ stopotuQ nosltion as sno¢n to
.. A.

set; of cwbmtsr BS CXE S4 (njnplmzten
)HZZSP sirqals. As can be seen fPum the

concoction diarram the buzzer circuit will be closed whenevev
'tfie outer*tnnxsh K of'tfue contactcx‘cufin J me

with one of the ,onta:ts worked U. Since th

long enough t: touch two adjacent contacts sFmHthmzoasly
there will be a long; buzz as the brush, passes over) the two

cormsecvltiv"a ccrits<rts TFV {rt t?v> ofwuer 1¢2Ft wwnslf loo awn} s?n3vt
A. A.

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LLLL.opnlg Limnnni the c_rgJJa. F0:'(Nua,0evo1xflib3n o? ffima ntfl

~ \ ,u ~. m,‘ '5 a '1 v ‘ ‘ ' - ‘ r - l-
t mwae Ql.‘lfli3 \um111 rm; cs ;Vfl)PESUJH£LL Lu ‘y

l on .0' l ... 5’) 4 5

1 L1.

TPe buzeer Sl rels ere oicxed mm by the trenS%inueP Of
" " .. _. - H I J. .L.

L I

the teletfixnne and so Lflma<flirttnt operwunn? can tell tflwa exact
- - .. . - --- . - _ 1. .- .o \- l..- 1 ,
pOSLtion o? the contactor arm at any particular lastlnt 03

listening to the si-“r-als and notin the number of‘ short

n 'V

iwnnfilses ltethtiJuj the lJWlS itrnilse.- If 1%; terunz onlg; tbe
A. :

hum 0? the mechanisn but no sigrals he knows that relay SA

is open.

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Burmwxma the CNWLPPLOI’EflIS tre avufldine lifetafllhg, erd
.L J. L. _-
SGHGlrfillwlzzer':3ijuls nrnll*e wis‘wnl to close i 1cmw3 o? the

COfltWOl circcl e scv circrit To. 2

be seen that t

contacfxn‘éuwn is i !Smhfll a cositioe ,hut tflmz<mlter brush K

Ho

s ifl connection with one o? the contacts YY. To carry out

thixs furmflxion tlx3 callxné lisfinans ffisr tfiwe seccnnl sluvrt siiywal

118F198 or produces t

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CD
H
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after the long one eel 3e "high

\

note" of approximately 1600 cycles per second. Thie nctuates
VT5 Since Pl goes into anti-resocence and so Sq, being an

1 w
.'

alternate imnulse locking relay, is locked in by "xe action
The right liq-Ind contacts of.” So ceuee circuit 3’0. 2

to be energized and the left bend contacts complete another

signal circuit connected to contacts XX so that as tie urn

L.

the next t'me armmd, t‘JJO s‘:ort

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paeses this same page

buzzer signals will be beard ins” ad of one. If circuit

\LI

Ho. 4 were also closed the system of Signals for one cycle

01’ PGVOléJtion of the arm would be

15.

Lon fl SI; 2 g 4 5

10 Seconds
In other words two short irunfihmss instewi Oi one are heard

for the particular circuits whicq are closed.

I Y
' s ”listening',

Ho

The Telomat has now been 'called up" and

circuits 2 and 4 have been closed in, and the Opervtor has

‘

heard the return sianals so he says "Goodbye" by wnistling

k)

.‘

the low note again. This loces out alternate impulse relay
S4 and the machine shuts itself“ off when the contactor arm
comes to the stopoirc oosition. Of course, the two control
circuits are still closed is and energized.

Circuit 30. 2 can be Opened by calling un the Telomat
rm; the lovqruate to lxxflc in, enri thQTlVHLlStll’ME the
1 note at position 2 of the contactor arm as indicated
bv the buzzer signs 3. After this is completed the low
note is again sounded to say "Goodbye". In a similar

manner any of the 5 circuits may be Opened or closed.

Frequency - Fesuonse Characteristics

DJ

The .ccomganying graph shows the behavior of the plate

currents in the response tubes (VT5 and VTé) for a variation
of frequency from 900 cycles per second to 2100 cycles per
second. Curve A is or circuit P2 and VT4 and has its peak
at 1200 cycles per second - the low note; curve B is for the
other circuit and has its peak at 1600 cycles per second -
the hirh note. Both curVes have broad peaks probably due to

the resistance of the coils in the anti-lesonant circuits.

ibis is convenient since it makes the manipulation of the

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

       

 

 

  
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

          

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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18.

machine easier. That is, it is not necessary to produce a
note of exactly 1200 or 1600 cycles in order to get a reSponse.
Relay 82 would undoubtedly close for any frequency hetween
1100 and 1300 and relay S3, between 1500 and 1900.

The curves were obtained by connectinc the line of the

U

a

telephone to a variable audio frequency oscillator OL the
vacuum tube type. By use of a vacuum tube voltmeter a con-
stant a.c. voltage of variable frequency was applied and the
readings of the milligheters (in the plate circuits) taken.
It was noted that once a circuit was in anti-resonance it
had a tendency to stay in that condition. Also the response
in milliamperes is not preportional to the applied voltage

1

nc a two subset

or whistle note. In a laboratory setup us Q
telephone system the Telemat Operated as well over 16 mi. of

1"

art Ficial cable as over a few leet. One reason why the two

I .10

curVes are not similar is the fact that the natural period

of vibration of the microphone diaphram is within this range.

Contact Driv1ns flotor and Iechanism

o
The driving motor M2 is a 1/8 HP., 60 cycle, 110 volt,
single phase induction motor and operates at about 1750
R.P.M. It has a double worm reduction gear with a ratio of
289 to 1. Hence, the Speed of the contactor arm is about 6
R.P.M.
As shown on the connection diagram and by photo E the

inner brush K connects with the contacts XX which give the

signal when a circuit is closed. The brush 0 completes the

circuits to the stationary part of the device.

L

\&§§<.§§£Gcw mQSQFQL£§§>P$\

QMWqu m u

t
.n ”"5
I! v.

a m inn-3:..2

 

On the end of the rotating arm is a can of insulating
material which Operates the two sets of contacts 0 and H.
Contacts H are heavy as they have to carry the motor and
power transformer primary current when S4 is Open. The
function of the contacts G will be explained later. The
stopping and starting position of the arm is as shown in

T
V‘
J

the photo--when the contacts G and I are Open.

The Alternate Impulse Locking Relays
One of the alternate impulse locking relays is shown

in detail in photos F and G. The unique feature of t}

9.1

Q
x.)

e

(O

relays is that as the coil is intermittently energized the
relay alternately opens and closes its contacts. Hence, one
circuit may be made to control both the Operations Of open-
ing and closing a circuit.

m“.
J.

11880 relays are designed to Operate on 55 to 60 volts

d.c. and in the Telemat they receive their energy from the
Tungar rectifier tube. Their contacts are sufficient for
5 amperes.

Photo F shows one of the relays closed. When the coil
is next energized the armature A rises and strikes trigger B
which unlatches D from C. This allows part C and arm K to
drop down so that the contacts F (the other set of contacts
cannot be seen in this View) are Opened. As the coil is de-
energized the armature drOps back down and the relay is as

seen in photo G.

When the coil is again energized the armature strikes

('3

LJ .

trigger G which has been brought into position by the action
Tht W. This lifts arm K and part C is latched back

‘

over D, the contacts F Wain? closed again.

These alternate impulse locking relays were manufactured
by the Signal Engineering and Manufacturing Company. They
are so designed that the action of Opening or closing the
contacts takes place at the instant when the coil is energized

rather than when it is de-energized.

Receiver Hook Lifting Techanism
Photo H shows how the receiver hook is manipulated by
the Telemat and reference to the upper left portion of the

connection diagram shows the details of the electrical con-
nections. The counter-weight is adjustable along the lift-
ing arm A to make the mechanism suitable for different
tensions of receiver hook springs which occur in various
telephones.

All the lifting and holding is done by the electromagnet
81' Unfortunately the voltage regulation of the Tungar tube
is so poor that if 51 is left connected during the Operation
of the Telomat the d.c. voltage is too low for reliably
Operating the alternate impulse relays. Also it does not
require as much current in the coil 81 to hold the arm up as
it does to pull it up. Therefore it was necessary to arrange
contacts D to reduce this initial current after the hook was

raised by connecting a resistance of 1000 Ohms (R5) in series

with 81' Hence the "holding" magnetizing force is many tines

.L H

less than the "pulling force.

13.3,. 0:...

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tka DQU

 

 

JVrl‘x Mix:

CO
C»:

m
-.L

Power Transformer and ectifier Units

The power transformer T4 can be seen in photos A, B,
and C. The primary of the transformer is wound for 115
volts, 60 cycles. Tiers are six secondary windings described
below in order from top to bottom as shown on the connection
diagram:

1. 1.5 volt filament winding for VTl, VT5, and VT4
which are type 226 radio tubes.

2. 5 volt filauent winding for VTQ which is a type
112-A tube.

5. 5 volt filament winding for VT5 which is a type 280
full wave rectifier tube. .

4. 440 volt, center tapped winding to supply a.c. to
the plates of the 280 tube for rectification.

5. 2 volt filament winding for VT6 which is a standard
2 ampere Tungar rectifier tube.

6. 150 volt winding to supply a.c. to the plate of the
Tungar tube for half-wave rectification.

The transformer has a core cross-section of 3 square
. a

inches and the windinds have approximately o.5 turns per

l )
K.)

volt. All of the terminals exoeot a, b, c, and d are

.L

A

brought out on a terminal block as shown in photo A.
The d.c. plate potential of 150 volts and the d.c.
current for the micrOphore H1 are supplied by the 880 type
full-wave rectifier tube VTS. The output of this unit is
filtered by the condensers C6, 07, and 08 and the double

choke n F. A 10,000 ohm potentiometer (Pot.) is connected

across this supply which serves as a means of obtaining

negative potential for the grids of he amplifier and response
tuhes. The forner have -8 volts and the latter ~20 volts.

The energy for Operatina the alternate impulse relays
and the receiver hook liftin mechanism is supplied by the
Tungar rectifier unit. It is not necessary to have pure d.c.

for this purpose and a half-wave rectifier, witi only a

large condenser for a filter, functions satisfactorily. is

He

S

mentioned before, the voltage regulation of this device

‘I

very poor due to the internal impedance of tne tuhe. When-

ever one of the impulse relays is operated this d.c. voltage

A

drops from 150 to 55 volts.

Functions and Facts of Ot

Across the contacts of relavs S? and S are condensers

and resistances. Ordinarily a condenser alone is sufficient
to stOp arcing; however, these relays have to Operate on a
very small Quantity of energy and so there is not much force
available to Open or close the contacts. With a condenser
only there is a sudden rush of current through the contacts

a .L
L:

when they are first closed due to the discharging OL he

condenser. This causes the contacts to weld and stick to-

... .

gee er. The difficultv was overcome by us n3 a resistance
f seveLal hundred ohms in series with the condenser.
The condenser Cl in the upper left hand corner of the
connection diatran is used to keep the d.c. out of the
rrimary of the input transformer T1. There is only atout

.J

40 millianperes availahle from the 280 tube and all of this

 

I

I
0
T
0
H
P

y‘“. ~51"

0‘

"boo
1"

la)?“ 1970’ VIEW

;

 

St.
is needed for the microphone.

. It was found necessary to keep the receiver hook down
until after the contacts H were closed when the Telomat was
"called up". Otherwise the rinring potential was short-
circuited ween the hook was raised and the Telomat failed
to start up. It is also necessary that the insulated can
"I" ‘09 10113 Ql'lTIV‘gQ‘l 13C) ‘-_‘,‘r.:_'i_: 3.1.7 will Ilfli'. "OCH-st" by Vi‘w inn
tie inertia of the motor. "110 overcome this dif“i(ultv an
additional set of contacts 0 was arranged to Operate with
contacts H. Circe the former contacts are conrected in
series with the supply of tie receiver hook lifting coil
the rirg’n; potential carnit be interrupted until the con-
tau:tL:* alsi J :is \velfi. tlhlél‘ qug. Tim) ceriteii set; of‘ ccnutsugts
on relay 84 are cormecth-zd in numllcl with the set 0 so that

tine aL' scues lnr lie s;tolupiru3 pm>sifi2i<n1.
T110 0011 terrrfirals of the relay S") are brought out to
:2 JBCk'leuO whirl1 setn;jpluggi’ (sec {finito A). frzis rel’fll

1

can be connected direccly to the ringer terminals in the

1 1

telephone box or across the incoming line with a conoenser

Tina terrruea_s;<3f ttma fivw: cordncollrni cianuits; are

accessible st the plug-in sockets shown also in photo A.

Eeferrirg to photo I the arrargewent of the telephore
J,.

and adjustatle heighth supporting shelf can he seen. Below

the shelf can be

m

weer: tli? invo :lirua ihlscxs Iflg, 'thea lilve svwltcfi‘

‘7

5',

4

1 -1. . . a .0 . .. . ‘l .
t 1! 4 _\ ,~ .. - , I
a ,4 um, pin/V1 input pint, P,

.._4

—-bb—-~..._—_...fl-l.. H

 

.._.4.,_.V...——-..-... u- .. -

 

-27-

 

The Ii‘irszst Trial on the ’I‘elo:r-r.st

. J“ ‘- 1‘» 1.‘ \ "" r' “o . ‘ " Q" ' ' p 1" 1' -~ I ‘ r?
Ihll'll‘tl lJU*3 livtgl316u;l AI'C’ LMICVJ 0,, z'etxr11a1.y c),
rv . ., ,. J W ,_ . .
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' ‘ ‘ ' .1." v

.‘

;P01'ciermw1siiwati(n1. Ifiioimn J sfiwomea tywa geruars

exhibition includir; toe five devices

. - . 5, .0..- -‘, To ,. ,.
stwirl.‘teJ<:p u)HF3 llf‘fl. -Jne Chrelwittn' s

L luellirul tfiwe srnw lxarxw afll 1183

1

.e talle. By calling Up ice TLlO”

J.‘

‘fo lime sun lzmgp, er1<3le Hat‘if37MlOLOCgfqfi1, s

A.

desfli 1977) srwl a fknl tgr cquwnpriiitel3'xflnvui]

his televnone.

(lrlbr tluéee (lifjfiicwl*<fie<' we1w3 eruzoxuitelweo (lirir:
t7lrw3e diryss' t131511 . Etir3si1, e 1‘03! oiw~ 3*n,ova . * vac)?

t‘u3 \‘JF’Q’Lstle I'lotes sxsf‘f‘iciem:l.3r well (this

the we hire); secord, the contacts or

Operei‘e ed wecher:icnll3 but did not make

‘7 (3

contact; euul third, irware was ixwwn

tre Tungar tube to Operate the altern

‘lee :Pirrsyt (3i Ff‘icwzlt V' muss o*re1*c(w“r

.1
‘PJ

(Hi the rwnf, of iflma Openwator.

The second was overcome by egu;3wira

que stior with tungsten cortects.

It was afterwards fourd that the

O
Tin-1r?)
__ \lkk ' 1

“C

Z-z‘,’ Q
r.
.1
‘,
"POD":

1 layout of the

the

'3 (311
J 31“..

t‘fll‘OlJfi'il
x.)

t9

let he turned

Chfllr’

.1 t?- ‘
__\.n

V
l
L

OD

L—‘J

On

.1
{IT 1(1

8

13729.

wone

bridge laWQ,

ual-
¢d DU“

1‘! Q ‘3 I"

ficiéfllt d°¢°

lijr £3 l_it

t: .1 fl T’d

ti.e T

dif

due to low supply voltage anti}. to avoid tremble

an adfiitional 10 volt primary winding

trarsf‘ or:1er. The tertli rel.) for com:

80

L .0 . fl”
LJJ TIC-J

was addefl

O

'= x. e i wpu l s e

) -'.-‘
-

]_,:nt"]‘!a}|(:.,:1

I )

into

+*
'.'

Vault

and Se

voltage

1

I

1"8 3 a}; S

e avs

f1
l?!
t
id

cnl

t

X 7
LI

e

of

8.

from

W {i

S

.29.

 

 

are shown as a, b, c, and G on the connection disgren and

J

in photo C. T-Tow the Telomat can be Operated on. any voltage
from 105 to 155 volts. Below are shown the preper connec-

tions for various supp13 voltages:

L
C)
I...)
(‘0
Q
I
1...:
s

Voltage Range 100-1 5 .116-12-

4
Cormecti (ms 9 b

33

Instructions for Settium up the Telomst

CO
the»

@608

The ” 101"* should be placed on a level surface with
rigid supports as the machire wei3hs measly 100 lbs. It
Inav be nece m1rv to remove some of the glass plates in
order to make all the adjustments. First, connect a Supply
of "110 21m." as shown by plug P in photo I. This same
volta2e is supplieo to the plu1-in racepta sole s in front
when the Telemat is Operated.

Yoxt adjust the telephone on its supportirg shelf as
shown in the photos. It m2v be neces ssrv to rai<se or lower
the shelf by loosening the two nuts undernea tL. Take pains
to adjust the counter weight and po sitioru of tire telephone
so the hook lifting mechanism Operates freely. Place the
receiver in its position as shown in photo D; therz is a
place for the receiver cord to pass through the tOp glass.

Connect plu3 P (phot o A)r1irectly to the termih:3]s of
the telephone rirrer (bells) or across the incoming line in
seri1s with a l or 2 Inf. condenser. Photo K shows a 2006.

arr22n 3cnent of connections that will Operate satisfacto1ilvo

'
“ u

I”!

1:) o

If only two telephone subsets are used (one for sending
orders and one for the Telonat to answer) they may be con-
nected by joining in series the lines from the two phones,
three dry cells, and a hand-cranked telephone generator with
short-circuiting contacts. The Generator must be connected
so that it will cut in on the line when it is cranked and
will short-circuit its own terminals when not in use. There
are many other setups or alqwnqywnents Of telephone subsets
that can be used. The above as shown in photo K is one of
the simplest for two subsets.

Finally, connect five or less Levices tO the plug-in
receptacles on the front. Another typical layout is shown
in photo J. For testina or experiment, five 110 volt

K)

colored lamps can be used to advantage.

.L‘

The Telomat is now ready for Operation.

How to Operate tJG Telomat
Be sure that the switch I? (photo’f) is closed; then

call up the Telomat by crankins the 3e erator for at least

2 or 5 secones. Usually the crank will turn harder as soon

as the Telomat responds by lifting the receiver hook. It

is better not tO send si3nals the first time but simply

Observe how the machine functions. The filaments in all

the vacuum tubes will be lighted and the motor and contactor

arm will be Operating. The meters on the front will register

1 or 2 milliamperes and the receiver hook will be held up.

After the contactor arm makes one revolution (it takes 10

seconds) the machine will shut itself off.

J

Now call up again, and whistle a low note of about
1200 cycles per second (the third D above middle C on a
piano) into the transmitter. It may be necessary to vary
the pitch or the note somewhat but when the riaht tone is
sounded the left hand millianmeter will give a deflection
of several divisions and relay S4 will click as it closes in.

-Soon after this relay closes buzzer signals will be
heard in the receiver and the Telomat will not stop itself
as it did before. As the contactor arm begins its cycle or
revolution each tinw,a long buzz is heard and at regular

intervals, short buzzes. The sounds can easily be repre-

sented by the following graph:

la
la

0
Lone l a 2
TO SGCODQS

(one TBV. of arm)
In order to energize any one of the fiVe circuits it
is only necessary to whistle a high note of about 1500

n.

cycles per second (the tnird G sha*p above middle C on a

r.

piano) just after the shor; huzz corresponding to hat

(.—

circuit. The right hand milliammeter shows when the proper
high note is sounded. Suppose it is desired to energize
the third circuit. Listen for the long buzz and then begin
counting the short ones that follow. Just after the third
short one, whistle the high note and if it is correct the
relay can be heard to click in and whatever device is
attached to circuit 5 will become energized.

The next time the conta,tor arm comes around two short

buzzes for circuit 3 will he heard instead of one as shown

C3
C23
0

below

be
m

_s_L<m l a a ..
10 seconds
The other circuits are operated in the same way. If
circuits 2, 5, and 5 were closed the buzzer signals would
be like this
Lona [l §H_ .§.. ‘3 5
10 seconds
To Open a circuit it is necessary to whistle the high
note again at the same time used for closing it. In other
words the same note is used to open or close any of the

five circuits. For instance, referring to the above graph,

if it is desired to Open circuit 5 begin listening to the

{-0

signals; after the long buzz, one short buzz for circu t 1
will be heard and then two more short buzzes in quick
succession for circuit 2. Just after the first buzz for
circuit 5 whistle the high note which will Operate the relay
to Open this circuit. It is not necessary to wait for the
second of the two buzzes; if one whistles soon enough there
will be no second buzz. In this manner any of the five
circuits may be Opened or closed simply by whistling the

hi

(,7.
U

h note at the proper time during the cycle.

To shut he Telonat Off or "say goodbye" to it, whistle
the low note again. The buzzer tones will stop immediately
and when the contactor arm comes to the stopping position
the machine will shut Off. Of course, any of the five cir-

cuits which were turned on will remain energized even though

54.

the Telomat is not Operating.

L

In order that a new Operator may practice and learn

the two whistle notes the contactor arm driving motor may

‘

b swiixfli fl sh tnl in {finito R.

(D
U)
Cu”
O
C}
’C
CD
CL
C)
A
‘1
O
“0'
CD
H
D
(—r
$— 0
'1
C I:
F?"
): ’
CD

NicrOphOne M1 (photo A) may be turned over toward the front
so that the Operator can whistle directly into it and also
see the milliammeters which will indicate from 5 to 10
divisions when the proper note is sounded. The click Of
the relays also tells when the right tone is used.

Once the system of Operation and the two notes are
learned the Telomat can be Operated from another room or
from any distant point. It would be necessary, however,
to know what device was connected to each of the five

circuits.

Trouble Shooting

The followirg is a list Of suggestions for use in case

difficulties are encountered in setting up and Operating
he Telomat:
1. Failure tO respond to ringing potential.
Examire the telephone line connections and the connections
of plug P (photo A) to rirger. Be sure that power is being

L

supplied to plug P (Photo I) and that switch N is closed.

1

If :he ringer circuit is complete tne armature of telecode

relay 85 can be seen to move wh,n the generator is cranked.

If the power circuit is couplets any of the five controlled

.13

circuits may be energized oy closing their alternate impulse

r)!"

3‘: 3 L) .

relays by hand. Finally the contacts of the telecode relay
may need adjustment or c caning.
2. Vacuum tubes light up but motor does not start.

Close the motor switch H (photo E).

01

. Receiver book does not Operate.
Adjust the position of the telephone on the shelf and also
the counter weight. The Tungar tube may be defective.

4. Failure to respond to whistle notes.
Be sure the telephone system is functioning preperly. This
can be checked by talking over it. If tte amplifier circuit
is Operating preperly the milliammeters will responfl as
eXplained before. If they do not some of the vacuum tubes
may be defective. The voltages applied to these tubes should
be as follows: plate potential for all tubes about 150 volts
d.c.; grid voltage for VT5 and VT4, -20 volts d.c.; grid
voltage for VTl and VTQ, -6 to -10 volts.

If the milliammeters do respond see that relays SB and

A.

85 are Operating preperly. These relays are Operated by

the current indicated in tre meters. If everythirg functions
correctly up to this point the difficulty may be due to the
fact that the receiver hook lifting mechanism has not Opered
contacts D (photo H). In this case the alternate impulse
relays will be sluggish in action or will not respond at all.
The Tungar d.c. supply should furnisl about 150 volts when

no whistle notes are being receiveo. This voltage can be

measured across Jhe terminals of condenser bank CQ.

r' . _~. . ”A. L! y.
0. Various other SUbJGSbLOJS.

The transformer connections a, b, c, and d (photo C) should

be correct for the voltage applied. Refer to page 30 for
the correct arrangement.
Host telephon's have adjustable heighth treruitters

and since tte rubber tube Z is also adjustable a good sounr

"‘3

proof connection can be had 0

d
O
:3
s
.3

.0. 'l- -. , ,,. J- .
ring the buzzer bOflBS.

I...’

The fines LL have to be era'e enouji to carry the

current for all the controlled circu ts as well as l

J.

amoeres for he mechanism of the melomat.

 

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aksou is built Up my the use of a lurge number of siuple
laws of electrical engineering. The designer hones he
has deveTOped a machine which will be anothe: step in the
present day trend of using remote control devices. The
Teloqst makes it possible to have remote SHpervisory

a number of Circuits using the exisitug tele-

‘L , ,.,.‘1_ ' r ‘ r y _ . A
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