TEE mm or m INGRAM comm, MICHIGAN MEDITATION PROGRAM FOR ' rmsmu. maxmmxon 01' TR AGED By Donald Chester Griffin A PROJECT mom Submitted to the Department of Social Work Michigan State College in Partial fulfill-ant of the Requirement for the Degree of MASTER Ol‘ SOCIAL HOE! J une , 195“ Lfiead of Department TH mm m bl.) T53 Y °///or.'U// OVERDUE FINES: 25¢ per day per item RETURNING LIBRARY MATERIALS: Place in book return to remove charge from circulation records TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE Acknowledgements......................... iii LietofChartsandPlatoe....-................ 1v Liatoprpendicel........................ v CHAPTIR I Introduction...................... 11 Early History of the Ingham County Hospital . . . . . . III TheBeginningoftheCenter.............. IV StructureoftheCenter................ 885m»: V swamconCIusionseooooeo0.0.0.000 4: menace. O O I O O O O O O I O I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O 3 3 Bibliogtheeeoeeoeeooeoooeoeoeoooeoeo 11 LCINOMDGMENTS The author wishes to egress his sincere thanks to Mr. Gordon J. Aldridge for his supervision and.assietance in the writing of this project. He is greatly indebted.to Mr..L1dridge whose patience and encouragement helped to make the study possible. Grateful acknowledgment is also due Dr. Ernest 3. Harper. head of the Department of Social Work and.Mr. Bernard.Ross for their helpful suggestions. The author wishes to acknowledge with appreciation Hr. Manfred Lilliefors for his valuable help with the technical aspects of this study; The assistance given by Dr. Frederick 0. Starts. Dresident. and Dr. Richard W. Pomeroy. Secretary, of the Center is greatly appreciated. Through their kindness. the materials for this study were made available. The author also wishes to thank the many others who gave of their tile and effort in the clarification of records and.mamerials used. To the author's wife. Helen. go thanks for her encouragement and helpfulness throughout the writing of this project. 111. cam 11 III LIST 0! CHARTS AND PLATES PAGE Organisational Structure of the Inghen County Rubilitation Center 0 e e e e e e e e e e e e 3 Sectional Map of Meridian Township. Ingham County Showing location of The Ingham County Rehabilitation Center . . . . . . . 10 Revised Organizational Structure of The Ingham County Rehabilitation center 0 O O O O O O O C O O O O O O O O 0 O O O O O O 82 Plate Showing Views of the Ingham RehabilitationCenter.................ll iv APPENDI 035 APPENDIX MG: I Letters of Approval of Research Project . . . . . . . . 3“ II Material Regarding Request for Financial Assistance from the Russell Sage Foundation . . . . . . 36 III Non-profit Articles of Incorporation and By-Laws of the Inghan County Rehabilitation Center, Minutes of the First fleeting and waierfconson-teoo000000.000Deeeeo1+6 IV Advisory Council Ingham County Rehabilitation center 0 O O O O O O O O O O O O O O I O O O O O O O O O 60 V Informative Letters to Members of Advisory council 0 O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O 63 VI Revised Organizational Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 VII The Cheeriodical. a Hospital Paper Produced by the Patients of the Hospital and the Program with the Assistance and Guidance of theHedicalAssistant Group . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 CHAPTER! INTRODUCTION For the past four years a few of the neabers of the Geriatrics Cunittee of the Inghn County Hedical Society have felt the need for the develop-eat and organisation of a rehabilitation prograe in this area. The purpose of this studv is to trace the develop-eat of the Inghaa County Rehabilitation Center. The Inghas County Rehabilitation Center has been organised as a service progran for the greater Lansing oo-unity and is located in the Inghaa County Hospital which is situated in the north west quarter of the county approximately six miles south and east of Lansing. Iiehigan and near the eaall amenity of Che-es} The Rehabilitation Center program is designed for the chronically ill. aged or chronically handicapped insufficiently recovered to return to their house. and for those in the coanunity who would profit by reha- bilitation procedures. It is designed as a restitution service. a tran- sitional hospitalisation. and not for domiciliary care. The patient would be discharged to his own hone. a boarding home. a nursing home or a hospital for the chronically ill in a sore self-sufficient and independent status.2 1“Location Map of the Center on page 1° 21m intonation prepared by the Ingham County Militation Center for distribution to interested persons. Initially. the services are primarily for wards of the county. but after coslpletion of a new addition to the county unit. facilities will be available for a limited nunber of private patients fro- the local hospitals or other community resources. As can be seen from the organisational Chart Ember 1. page 3. the proposed program is not in full operation at this time. The Center has been designed to be a part of the conunity. that is. it has been designed to be a useful addition to the conunities resources and not as a separate entity unto itself. It is incorporated as a non-profit corporation. Purpose and Scope of Study This study will present an account of how the Inghu County Re- habilitation Center was conceived. its organisation. the individuals involved in the progr- and their contribution to it. It will be of an exploratory nature and will be limited to a great extent by the lack of recorded naterial available at this tile. In short it will be an his- torical study of the Center free its conception to the present. It will attempt to show the role of social work in the develop-ant of the reha- bilitation prograe and the role that social work can play in the mhabilitation of the aged. 31m. ChartI nonmemom . nonsenom HmOHmcHoHoo .260. o PPS noamomom nonsense. Handguns...“ Hmodoaosoamm 2.50m .1 2.50.0. mfimez 4.8.93... 3903.5 nuances... a 20H 95 an mogmmm 8H2: $52 I h... mummxncnw cognate.» opapsho oosfiasgm 838m mfion§00 5900f. HMQOHHQOOb Ugomlogm epoom _ evomm Savanna 958... s H383 _ 853.6 60> 832.8 3833..» .8” I :k.wm.m.m::: 09.0mm venom .oom dam 99.0 . .8383 .3: .93.... a ,svpngsflohm no not ES scam nos—mam H38 Wenonah Sufism: among... f .3900th HwownmfirlL . SHEEN. mmogmmm imam: 803.9500 Hogans“. I .. 53853 finned I no: no.“ 36.. I mfiaomfifio 50> I 20H EH9 mmOHEHmm ASAOHHRUOD — . _ _ Besscflg m has 522. 60> .. noop§Ho> I «moopflafioo 9.504 .. 2—: 3.: 2:. :22: m .nbwmonwm mo 0.3mm. 2:... . . ............. ...: ......:..... . ..:..::...: roared 4%:on memonm 5...... :52: ::..::. _ . :.= . z... . . .. . 55...... .z :: macho zoEsfiflmémm 3758 3.3% ‘2: I It is believed that an historical study of the Center would be timely due to the general interest in rehabilitation and because of the nature of historical material. Since a great deal of the information applicable to the Ingham County Program is Imam only to those individuals who have been instrumental in its development . marshalling this material in a pqer of an historical nature would prevent its loss through the passage of time and the disassociation from the program of its guiding personalities. This is a descriptive study based on a survey of the existing literature. records of the infirmary. books. periodicals. newspapers and current data. It has also involved interviewing hey persons in the pro- gru and field observation at the Rehabilitation Center. is it has been adopted by the Ingham County Rehabilitation Center the definition of rehabilitation to be used in this paper will be that stated by R. W. Pomeroy. II. D. secretary of the program} “Rehabilitation' has been defined as the use of physical medicine. psycho-social fields. and vocational retraining in an attempt to achieve the maximal function and adjustment of the individual. and to prepare his physically. mentally. socially and vocationally for the fullest possible life compatible with his mums 1letter sent to members of the Advisory Council on July 1. 1953. CHAPTER II Early History of the Inghu County Hospital Rehabilitation in its modern concept is fairly new in its efforts to help return to society those individuals who would most advantageously benefit from such a program. the hospitalisation or placment of the aged or infirm is not. The history of legalized assistance for those individuals not able to help themselves dates back many years. As is common with many institutions in the United States their early development is commonly traced back to the early history of England. and such is the case with laws pertaining to the relief of the poor. The most famous of laws pertaining to care of the poor is the llisabethan Poor Law of 1601. but this was not the first of such laws. Preceding this famous English law was one of the earliest. a proclamation called the Statute of Laborers. union was passed in 1399. This law was an attempt to regulate the beggars of lngland's early history. Between the passage of the Statute of Laborers in 13159 and the Inglish Poor Law in 1601 few changes were made. English social legis- lation slowly one to reflect the social and economic conditions in a period of English history when the life of the people was undergoing tre- mendous change. Before the passage of the luglish Poor Law an Act for the 'Relief of the Poor'wes passed in 1597. This early law enacted in England was for the necessary relief of the lane. impotent. aged. blind. and for apprenticing dependent children. Later in 1601 the English Poor Laws were revised and it is from these early laws that the maJority of the present day concepts of social work have risen. Since its beginning in 1805 Michigan has had some form of law per- taining to the care of the poor. These laws have for the most part been borrowed from some other state which in turn had borrowed its law from the English Poor Law. The first enactment for poor relief in this area which was passed while Michigan was still a territory. was passed in 1790. It provided for the annual appointment by Justices of the peace of one or more over- seers of the poor in each township to serve for a period of one year. The duties of this office being to report to the Justice of the county those individuals likely to become dependent on the county for support. to be aware of all poor and distressed families and persons and to inquire regarding the circumstances of these people} it the same time that the early laws in Michigan were passed re- garding poor relief. county poor farms were also established. These farms were managed by a superintendent and dependent for support on the appointed supervisors. ‘ In Ingham County the first recorded action by the County Board of Supervisors regarding maintenance of the poor took place June 19. 1818. A _i lame. and lichhoff. gag Michiggg Poor 191 (Chicago: University of Chicago Press). p. 10. At this time fifty dollars was apprOpriated by the supervisors for the support of the poor. Within the next twenty years this amount was grad-I. ually increased and in 1861 $2165.07 was paid out to 99 families.1 ratified: Q: Originally the poor of Ingham County were taken care of at the county seat ~‘ ‘ ”j L'wfi/ SW :4 #524 I" {x o 5-: fiAto’L, yo Chews-s 13w {fly so (new “9"" ' to. in Mason. In 3%???“ present location was purchased and a wooden build- ing erected for the use of the ppor. In contrast to present day con- struction costs this building V8.8 to be built at an expense not exceeding five hundred dollars.2 At this early date the institution was known as the county poor farm and it functioned as a home for the indigent of the county. Hospital care as such did not come until a later date. with the erection of the south wing of the present building in 1929. Beginning records kept at the hospital show that in October 1915. the first year that a record was hept of the intake at the hospital. there were 71} patients. These patients were admitted for a variety of reasons ranging from senility to feebluindness. The south wing of the present building as shown in l'igure 3. page 11 was erected in 1929. This building has not changed much over the years except for some face lifting when a large porch was removed from the front entrance. ‘g lnbert Cowles. mg, :resent 3; 33132 Cit: p; M £32 gm County. Michng The Michigan Historical Publishing Association) p. #3 2mg. Dr. D. V. Roberts was appointed as hospital physician in 1921. and served the county until 1918.3 it the time he too]: over at the hos- pital he had 21 patients. both bed and ambulatory. most of these suffering from chronic diseases. These patients were treated on a medical basis. Some attempt was made to help them take care of themselves. Therapeutic efforts were attempted in the case of arthritic patients in an attempt to enable them to be more self sufficient in caring for themselves. At the same time that Dr. Roberts began his duties at the hospital he induced Mr. and Mrs. Harris Hammond to tabs over the duties of Katron and Superintendent of the County Poor Farm. as it was then called. it this time the fans was governed by three supervisors of the poor. These three could each recommend and send to the poor farm those individuals whom they thought would benefit from the care they would receive. Besides his duties at the poor farm Dr. Roberts. who‘lived in the nearby cosmmnity of Okemos. carried on a private practice in Okemos end Lansing. When the south wing was constructed in 1929 the name was cinnged to the Ingham County Infirmary. During this sue year the third floor of the building was turned into a hospital ward devoted Just to the care of those patients needing medical attention. During the year that it took to construct the building 60 asn patients then in the hospital were taken care of in the old Okemos school building. The women patients were cared for in a private home in last Lansing. The staff in 1929 consisted of Dr. Roberts. two nurses. and the 3The following material is from Kr. and Mrs. Erris Demand in a personal interview. matron and superintendent. It has been about two1ve years since the board of supervisors changed the name from the Ingham County Infirmary to the Inghm County Hospital. After Dr. Hobsrts' death in 1949 Dr. Edward Reynolds was appointed to replace him. He held this position until he entered military service in 1953. Dr. Reynolds was particularly interested in attempting rehabili- tation of the patients and in trying to return these people to their house to a more useful life in society. There were 109 residents at the County Hospital as of December 31. 1952. including 71 men and 38 women. An age classification shows that 1&3 of the 109 residents were between the ages of 21 and 65. while 66 were over 65 years of age} Total expenditures for 1952 were $118,671.03 as compared with the $2165.07 that was paid out to the 99 families in 1861.2 In larch of 1952 Mr. and Mrs. Lloyd Butcher began their employment as Ilatron and Superintendent of the County Hospital relieving the Hmonds after 31 years of service. 1Thirteenth Annual Report of the Inghn County Board of Social Welfare for the calendar year ending December 31. 1952. 2Albert Cowles. ast Ed Present 2; _th_9_ City 2; m gall. 35%! County. Michiggg The Michigan Historical Publishing Association) 1:. 3. ‘LA / -% V“ V HAMILTON RQALL I . $0 Section Map of Meridian Township Ingham County A U. V - I \\6 Chart II :6KEMos Sec. 27 COLLEGE PROPERTY INGHAM COUNTY REHABILITATION CENTER DOBIE ROAD Sec. 26 10 Sec. 34 +MASON INGHAM COUNTY FARM Plate I Ingham County Hospital and Rehabilitation Center 11;. 1 Fig. 3 2 0mm III II'he Development of the Center Requiring a greater emphasis on rehabilitation following lorld War II was the veterm returning to civilian life. In many instances this returning veteran had some type of handicap that would be a dis- abling factor in his social adjustment to a world at pease. The reha- bilitation of the ex-service man therefore became a topic of much discussion along medical and lay circles throughout the country; In Inghu County. as elsevdlere. this interest in rehabilitation was stimulated greatly in the years immediately following World Var II. Several members of the Geriatrics Couittee of the Ingham County Hedicel Society became concerned and this problem developed into the main interest of the conittee. As a result the committee spent considerable time on research in the subject. They collected pamphlets and books and in ad- dition several members of the committee visited a number of the more prominent rehabilitation centers in the country. During 1951 periodic meetings of the Geriatrics Cosmittee of the County Hedical Society were held to draw together the thinking of tin group on rehabilitation and to formulate the beginnings of the rehabili- tation center. Beginning in January of 1952. and continuing through to the first part of June. a three-hour meeting was held every two weeks at the Ingh. County Hospital. 13 hen the beginning it was apparent that the problem of rehabili- tation would take into consideration many more areas of competence than could be supplied by the original medical group which began the undertaking. larly in 1952 contacts were made with Michigan State College and its De- partments of Psychology. Sociology. Social Service. Nutrition and Dietetics. Bursing. Physical Education and Speech and Hearing. These departments were most generous in giving of their time and services in helping the omittee solve some of the early problems. Also contributing from the beginning of the committees plans for a rehabilitation center has been the County Board of Social Welfare. fhe Board of Social Welfare and the County Board of Supervisors were in com- plete accord and gave their full support to the program. At a meeting of the Preliminary Advisory Committee held on lovember 12. 1952. Hr. David Deatty of the Ingham County Board of Social Welfare said that the progrn had the hearty approval of the Board of Social Welfare. He also indi- cated that rehabilitation would be welcome at the County Hospital not only from the standpoint of the individual. but also to save taxation in the conunity. It was indicated by Hr. Beatty that they would cooperate and go along as permitted by laws} Hr. Daryl V. Minnie. Director-Supervisor. also of the County Board of Social Welfare. was most cooperative. As well as supply the physical plant that would house the rehabilitation center. the county also provided l‘uizmtes of fleeting of the Preliminary Advisory Committee Ingh. County Rehabilitation HospitalJlovember 12. 1952. it» a man who was able to carry out some physio-therapeutic measures under the guidance of the members of the committee. A pilot study was started in the beginning of 1952 using 10 patients selected from the hospital census. Complete histories and physical examinations were made out for these patients and activities of daily liv- ing charts were also filled out. This initial effort was conducted by volunteers within the Geriatrics Committee. A room was *set aside in the hospital as a physiotherapy room. A photographic record of the patient's condition was also made by one of the doctors to be utilised at a later date as a comparison to see what progress had occurred. In the 1953 report of the Geriatrics Conittee to the Ingh- County Medical Society. Dr. Frederick C. Swarts reported that the eneri- ence with the pilot study of 1952 convinced the Committee that the project was a feasible one and that the objectives were within reach} In any undertaking of this proposed magnitude.one of the greatest obstacles to be surmounted would be the financing of such a progru. In an effort to acquire funds to support the program. the Geriatrics Committee in conJunction with the various departments of Michigan State College and the Ingham County Board of Social Welfare wrote the Russell Sage foundation located in New York City hoping to enlist their aid in support of the program. A detailed report was prepared and sent to the 1A copy of the correspondence and the report as sent to the Russell Sage foundation are to be found in Appendix II. 15 roundatian at this time asking for a sum of $300,000 to support the pro- gram for a five year period. This financial assistance failed to materi- alise however. and in the summer of 1952 it became evident that another method of attack would have to be discovered.1 In the fall of 1952 the Preliminary Advisory Committee in con- junction and cooperation with a number of departments of Michigan State College decided that it might be best to present the plans to some of the business men of the Lansing community to see whether it was a conunity project and whether it ought to have community support. The Michigan National Bank provided a dinner meeting at which twenty representatives of industry and the community attended. The whole project was presented and was enthusiastically received. At this time a complete report. as suggested by the members of the business men's group. was made to the Conunity Service Council. a Bed leather Organisation. to get their reaction to the project both from the standpoint of approval of the efforts of the organisation ad also to see whether any financial support might be obtained in this direction. In attendance at this dinner meeting were the following individualsxz 1Aeopy of the correspondence and the report as sent to the Russell Sage Foundation are to be found in Appendix II. alaterial from Minutes of the Preliminary Advisory Co-nittee. Personal files of Dr. Swarts. Broderick C. Swartz. H.D. Albert Ehinger Andrew Langenbacker Bart C. Tenny Clarence Morris Irederick Marin llton Tubbs Charles Larson Daryl V. Minnie David Beatty James Anderson I. R. Thoman Barney Cox Edward Warner Gerald Byrnes Mervin Cotes Harold R. Anderson Ph.D. Edward Reynolds. M.D. Richard W. Pomeroy. H.D. Richard Rich 16 Chairman Ehinger Realty Duplex Truck ' Insurance Dundberg Screw Bank of Lansing Clo-Local 652 State Journal Ingham Ca. Board Social Ielfare Ingham Co. Board Social Welfare Simon Iron and Steel Realty Melling large Oldsmobile Rea Motors Motor Wheel Dept. of Psychology. DISC Community Chest In December of 1952. Dr. Swarts. Dr. Pomeroy and Mr. Minnie pre- sented to the Executive Committee of the Comunity Service Council the plane and program of the rehabilitation project in an effort to gain financial support for the project. They were informed that the matter would be taken under advisement. The Executive Committee passed the matter on to the Council's Health Division for action. A special comittee was appointed by Kr. Paul Miller." Chairman of the Health Division. to study the program and make recommendations and the following were named to be members of this committee: Mr. I'red Freeman. Chairman: Dr. 0. B. KcGillicuddy. Hrs. John Seanan. Mr. Lewis Dail. and Mr. Elton Tubbs. At a later date in December of 1952. the material gathered by the special committee of the Health Division of the Community Service Council 17 was reviewed and it was decided that due to the nature and circumstances of the patients being treated by the rehabilitation program it would be advisable that the Chest not become involved in the financing of the project at this time. but recommended that the support of the Department of Social Welfare be enlisted. It was indicated however. that the program receive their full support and cooperation. It was indicated that if the function of the Rehabilitation Center were to change at a later date to care for others not being cared for by the county that they would be willing to reconsider the possibility of contributing to the financial support of the project} On February #th 1953. at the same time efforts to gain financial assistance from the Community Chest failed. the County tool: over this problem assuring the Rehabilitation Center of a working cfdndsf. with which to carry on their work. This money was to come from the general fund of the county. being transferred into the welfare fund. It was to per year be S25.000/for a three-year period. During the Rovember 12th meeting in the fall of 1952 at which time the suggestion was made to contact the Community Chest it was also suggested by the business men's group that the Rehabilitation Center be incorporated as a non-profit institution and from that point set up the organisation as planned. 1Recards of the Health Division of the Community Service Council. 18 On February 11. 1953 the first meeting of the organizers of the Ingham County Rehabilitation Center was held in the Olds Tower Building. Lansing. Xichigan for the purpose of organization.1 With the 1191? Of legal assistance this was accomplished on the 18th of February 1953 and the Rehabilitation Center became a fact.2 After the Rehabilitation Center had been incorporated a Board of Directors was elected. This Board consisted of the following members: J. J'. Anderton. Daryl V. Minnie. Andrew Langenbacher. Barney C. Cox. Edward Warner. David Beatty. Albert Ehinger. Hark Brower. Harold Anderson. Hrs. Harold Good. Mrs. Russell Smith and Dre. 1'. C. Ewart: and R. W. Romeroy. Officers for the coming year were elected from this group. They were Dr. I. C. Swarts. President: Mr. J’. I. Anderton. Vice President: Hr. Daryl Minnie. Treasurer: and Dr. R. W. Pomeroy. Secretary. To represent the community a council consisting of approximately one hundred members was next formed. consisting of individuals who are interested in all phases of rehabilitation.3 from this group a number of working committees ms formed for the investigating and accumulating of data pertaining to the different phases of rehabilitation. __..i 1A copy of the Articles of Incorporation can be found in Appendix III. Haterial was secured from the files of Dr. Swartz. President of the Corporation. 2A cepy of the minutes of the first meeting and of the Waiver and consent of first meeting of the organisers of the Ingham County Re- habilitati on Center are to be found in Appendix III. 3Hembers of the Advisory Council are listed in Appendix IV. 19 On the 8th of June 1953 the first Annual Meeting of the Advisory Council of the Ingham County Rehabilitation Center was held at the Ingham County Hospital at Okemos. Fifty three were in attendance at the meeting. Following the formal organization of the Rehabilitation Center two full time employees were secured: Mr. Leonard Face. Physiotherapist and Dr. Howard Fink. Clinical Psychologist. These two were to act as the basic personnel to start working with patients. Both Dr. Fink and Mr. Face were sent on orientation tours to other rehabilitation centers in the country. Mr. Face's visits to other centers included Bellevue Medical Center. Issslers Rehabilitation Institute and Goldwater Hospital in New York; also Woodville and. Mayview outside of Pittsburgh. representing the Allegheny County Hospital. Dr. Fink visited Cleveland and New York including the Institute for Crippled and Disabled. the Institute of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation at Bellevue. the New York Hospital and the Payne-Whitney Clinic. Iorkville-Kips Bay Gerontological Clinic. the Montifare Home for the Aged. Goldwater Hospital. and the Byrd 5. Kohler Hospital. As a method of transmitting information and thoughts regarding the organiation and function of the center a discussion was held at the February 27th meeting of the Advisory Committee of the Center. The dis- cussion was around the possibilities of informative letters to be sent periodically to the Board and Council members. The idea was accepted and the first letter was sent on July 1. 1953.1 Others followed. 1C0py of letter is in Appendix V. 20 During the course of the year a professional advisory committee was formed which consis ted of the members of the Geriatrics Committee plus representatives from 8 or 10 departments at Michigan State College. It has been this group which has directed the active work of the Center until such time as the services of a full time specialist in physical medicine could be obtained. The complete program from the standpoint of planning and financial support and actual patient load has from Ingham County Department of Social Welfare. It is the aim and hope that eventually the Center will be able to offer more active service to all members of the metropolitan community. CHAPTER IV The Structure and Function of the Ingham County Rehabilitation Center]- The Ingham County Rehabilitation Center has been organized as a service program for Ingham County. All existing facilities and or- ganizations in the county to the limit of their capacity are being utilized and worked into the program. The Center is incorporated as a non-profit corporation. As the Rehabilitation Center program has been set up. it is designed for the chronically ill. aged or chronically handicapped in- sufficiently recovered to return to their homes. and for those in the comunity who would profit by rehabilitation procedures. The patient who had benefited from the rehabilitation program would be discharged to his home. a boarding home. a nursing home or a hospital for the chronically ill in a more self-sufficient and independent status. In this formative period of the Rehabilitation Center the services are primarily for wards of the county. but after completion of the new county unit. facilities will be available for a limited number of private patients from the coununity or the local hospitals. The entire program of the Center is under the guidance and adminis- tration of a Board of Directors consisting of 15 members. both lay and 1“The major portion of the information for this chapter was gathered from oral communications with Dr. Pomeroy. Dr. Swartz and other personnel of the Center. 22 medical. This Board is elected from and by the Advisory Council. which is the basic unit of the corporation. The Board has as sources of advice a Professional Advisory Committee and the Advisory Council. In this first year of existence the following people have been electedl to the Board of Directors. James 1‘. Anderson Edward 1.. Warner. Jr. Daryl V. Minnie David Beatty Iredrik Marin Albert Ehinger Mervin I. Cotes Harold R. Anderson. Ph.D. Andrew Langenbacher Mark Brewer Mrs. Russell A. Smith Mrs. Harold Good Barney C. Cox Frederick C. Starts. ILD. Richard W. Pomeroy. 14.1). The Advisory Council - (see Appendix IV) is the mainspring of the corporation. It is composed of representatives of business. large and small. fraternal organizations. churches. unions. medical and other pro- fessional societies. service clubs. Sparrow and St. Lawrence Hospitals. social service agencies. Michigan State College. and community-minded individuals interested in the problem of rehabilitation. From this group have been appointed the committees with representation on the Board. for proper coordination. to aid in the Rehabilitation Hospital program and to investigate allied problems of rehabilitation} These committees include the Volunteer Comittee. the Vocational Rehabilitation Unit Committee. the committee on Vocational Counseling. the committee on Home for Men. Special Education Committee. Physiotherapy and other Personnel Committees such as the Social Service Committee and a Research Connittee. lThe program as described by the Board of Directors in material sent to members of the Advisory Council. 23 The program has three service divisions and each of these have their various sections as indicated in the organizational Chart in Chapter I. A fourth division is in the process of being added and. is shown in the revised Chart in Appendix VI. The Medical Service Division will deal with the imnediate re- habilitation problem. The Vocational Service Division handles vecational guidance problems. education and specific vocational training programs. This division looks to the future of the individual in relation to the present and aids in planning the individual rehabilitation program. The research division supervises and finances research problems as they arise in relation to the problem of rehabilitation of the chronically ill. aged or chronically handicapped in the other divisions. Prom experience gained during the past year a fourth division has been added to the pro- gram. to be called the Housing Division. Its development has been the direct result of the experience gained from problems arising from attempts to find homes for the single men. Of the fifteen committees set up in the organization of the Center. the maJority have been fairly active. others are more or less non-existent at this time. The lxecutive Comittee as would be expected has been one of the more active of the present committees. It has been their function to act as coordinators for the other committees. The Finance Committee. This four-member connittee has not been actire to date. Public Relations Committee. This one-member committee has been fairly active. Duties completed have been numerous newspaper articles and other publicity material pertaining to the Center. This comittee was responsible for much favorable material in the Lansing newspaper at the time Dr. R. A. Rusk visited the Center on October 20. 1953. Dr. Rusk. an authority on rehabilitation. is Professor of Rehabilitation and lesical Medicine and Chairman of the Department at the New York College of Medicine. He is also connected with the Institute of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation in low York. Dr. Swart: reported that he was very favorably impressed with the program and the facilities at the County Hospital. Volunteer Committee. This has been the most active of the com- mittees since its organization. It is not an organized group but is under the leadership of one individual who coordinates the activities and gains the support of volunteer organizations and individuals in the community. It has been instrumental in obtaining the services of the Red Cross at the Center. It has served as an orientation committee for all volunteers coming to the Center in preparing them for their work and acquainting them with the conditions to be found there. This has been most helpful for those volunteers who have not had the experience of working in a hos- pital settings The Volunteer Committee has also worked with the Junior League at the Center. This volunteer group has been working with the patients on one or two projects which have proved beneficial both to the rehabilitation of the patients. to the hospital and to other institutions of the community such as the Ingham County Tuberculosis Senatorium located in Lansing. 25 The Vocational Rehabilitation Unit Committee. This committee has been another of the active committees at the Center. It has visited dif- ferent sheltered workshops throughout the state and has recommended the introduction of the Goodwill Industries into the community as part of the overall rehabilitation program. Through the efforts of this committee a workshop has been instituted at the Center and several small projects have been started. These include the loading of fire extinguishers. the making of plastic molds and the construction of bird house kits to be used by the Board of Education in their summer program.1 The Committee on Vocational Counseling. This committee is not functioning at this time. The Committee on Home for Men. This committee is also not func- tioning at this time. however. previous work around the placing of the single men who would benefit from the program has led to the addition of the fourth division in the organisation. This is the housing division previously mentioned. The Special Education Committee. This group has had a few meetings. Mainly it has been instrumental in working with the Board of Education in setting up a vocational counseling program for handicapped children. the objectives being to help the handicapped child prepare himself for a position after leaving school. Nothing definite has been done regarding this pregram. it now being in the planning stage. The committee has also been instrumental in setting up a swimming program for the handicapped child at the I.W.C.A. and the Walnut Street School. both in Lansing. 15cc Appendix VII for example. 26 The Physiotherapy Committee. The function of this committee of four members is the immediate supervision of the Physiotherapy Department of the Rehabilitation Center. At this time it is strictly an advisory comittee to the Physiotherapy section which has one of the paid per- sonnel at the Center who is on a full time basis. Mr. Face. the physio- therapist has as his primary responsibility the physical rehabilitation of the patient. It has been an attempt to put the patient on a more self sufficient basis. He has been working with bed patients around the prob- lems of feeding and personal hygiene. He also works with the ambulatory patients. helping them to use walkers. crutches. and cains. His work has also involved help in manual dexterity. that is. hand and eye coordination. In short. the duties have been to restore the patients to their fullest possible physical capability. The Clinical Psychology Committee. . This committee functions similarly to the Physhiotherapy Committee. that is. it acts in an advisory capacity to the second of the trained personnel at the Center. The clinical psychologist at this time is Dr. H. Fink. who received his train- ing at Michigan State College. Dr. Fink offers personal and vocational counseling to the patients. His work involves consultation with the other services at the Center. He has supervision of the student workers who do volunteer work at the Center. He keeps progress reports on all patients on the program. He has general charge of the rehabilitation program at the Center. The Social Service Committee. At the present time this is a one- member commit tee. 27 “At the March 11. 1953 meeting of the Board of the Ingham County Rehabilitation Center Mr. Minnie. the Treasurer. raised the question and asked the chairman for his interpretation of the work of the Clinical Psy- chologist as differentiated from the Medical Social Worker. Dr. Swarts discussed his philosophy of this briefly. enumerating the primary work of the Clinical Psychologist to be (1) motivation of the patients under the pregam: (2) motivation and stimulation of the personnel working on the program at the Hospital and all other personnel at the Hoopital whether working on this program or not; (3) to improve the outlook of the relatives of the patients and prepare them for possibly taking the patient home. He stressed the necessity of close cooperation betwun the Medical Social worker and the Clinical Psychologist.1 The activities of the Social Service section have been on a vol- untary basis. Mrs. Gladys Spaulding. Executive Secretary of the Lansing Family Service Agency and a highly trained social worker. volunteered her services to the Center. This work has been done in consultation with Dr. Fink. To assist her in her attempts at the Center. Mrs. Spaulding had the services of Mrs. D. Norton. a case worker at the Family Service. and Mrs. Irwin McKnight. a member of the Advisory Council. A face sheet was set up and social histories taken on some of the patients receiving care under the Rehabilitation Program. There is no professional case work being done at the Center at this time. Currently. undergraduate students in social work at Michigan State College are assisting in some of the social services at the Center. These two undergraduate seniors in the 1Records of the Rehabilitation Center. - Dr. Pomeroy. Secretary. Department of Social Work are under the supervision of Dr. Rink» Psy- chologist. and Dr. Lucille Barber of the Department of Social Work at the College. The Rehabilitation Nursing Committee. The function of this come mittee has been educational. There have been monthly meetings for nurses and others concerned with the convalescent or boarding care homes of the community. The work of this committee has been well received and all meetings have been well attended. The Occupational Therapy Committee has been another active com- mittee at the Center. It has been instrumental in the guidance and organ- ization of the occupational therapy'program at the Hospital. Currently it is working in conJunction with the Curative Workshop. a Red Feather Agency. in Lansing. It is the third section of the Center employing a trained.person. This occupational therapist devides her time between the Curative Workshop and the Rehabilitation Center. The Professional Advisory Committee meets once a.month to discuss the activities of the Center and the progress of the patients. This comr mittee is advisory from.a.professional point of view. both to the board and the staff of the Center. The Research Committee. This committee is composed of six.members representing the medical profession and the staff of various departments at Michigan State College. During the six months since its formation it has met on several occasions with the followi ng results: 1. The committee agreed to function: a. In an advisory capacity to the center on.matters of research and record keeping. b. As an advisory and initial clearance committee for individual research projects (as for example. Masters theses). c. Engage in or promote research at the Center in a single discipline or. where interests are similar. in cross disciplinary research. 2. Discussed Library facilities and the purchasing of Journals and other reference materials that bear upon rehabilitation. aging and their many ramifications. 3. A procedure was decided @on for administering requests for use of the Center for collecting data for master's or doctor's theses. At present four such projects have been approved by the committee: a. “An Evaluation of Selected Horticultural Skills as Thera- peutic Measures" by Genevieve J. Jonas. Department of Horticulture. b. 'History of the Ingham County Rehabilitation Center. by Mr. Donald C. Griffin. Department of Social Work. c. ”Study of Ingham County Rehabilitation Center as a Social System" by Robert C. Vanderham. Department of Sociology and Anthropology. (1. "Evaluation of the Nutritional Status of Patients of a Rehabilitation Center“ by Mary R. Furnivall. Department of Foods and Nutrition. 4. At the request of the committee. Dr. Rink secured descriptive statistics on the patient pOpulation of the Center. At present there are eleven patients at the Hospital receiving the services of the Rehabilitation Center. One year ago in February when the program officially began there were eight patients. To date one patient has been discharged to a nursing home. This patient was a woman in the upper age bracket. suffering from an arthritic condition. According to Dr. Pomeroy her discharge from the Hospital was a direct result of the attention she received under the Rehabilitation program. The advent of the rehabilitation program be proved beneficial not only to the patients in the program but to the entire patient load of the hospital. More interest is being shown by these individuals in their own welfare and it has been a great morale builder for all concerned. J'B'irst Annual Report of the Research Committee. nay 3. 1954 supplied by Henry J. Montoye. Chairman. Research Committee. 30 According to Mr. Minnie the Ingham County Rehabilitation Center is the only Imam program of its kind in the country to be organized at the county level. CHAPTER V SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS This paper has been of an exploratory nature. The paper has been severely limited by the scarcity of written material regarding the Center and the newness of the program. Within these limits this has been an attempt to trace the development of a rehabilitation program for the aged in Ingham County. In this there has been an effort to observe the contribution of social work. Approximately one year has passed since the formal organization of the Ingham County Rehabilitation Center. Within that year a great deal of the efforts of the Center have been directed toward the organ- izational aspects of the program. A need originally felt by a few men of the County Medical Association has been transmitted to many lay and professional people in the community. In the beginning stages the problem was undertaken entirely from the medical standpoint. The need at this point was invisioned by a few doctors in the Medical Association of the County. As the program began to deve10p this original group determined that it was a problem that could not be solved by their effort alone and the decision to enlist the aid of others was made. At this point the source of support was from a select group of people from several departments of Michigan State College. who with their body of knowledge around the social. physical and economic aspects of the sociological and psychological field of hmnan dynamics were best suited to help in the solution of the problem. 32 With the concerted efforts of this second group the focus of the program was more clearly outlined and efforts were made to draw into its functioning other persons from the immediate community and from other points in the county. Efforts to obtain financial and moral support for the program not with varying degrees of access. Financially the support was forthcoming from the local community while others were generous with words and deeds of encouragement. With this backing a partial solution to the formation of the rehabilitation progrm in the county became a reality and the Ingha- County Rehabilitation Center became a functioning unit of the community's resources. It has become the only known rehabilitation center at the - county level in the country. The role of the social worker has not been substantial in the formation of the pragram. The second request for financial support was directed to a social work agency. The Community Service Council. a Red Feather agency of Lansing and under the direction of two trained social workers in the field of community organization reviewed the program as it was presented to them. Due to the nature of the program and the setting in which it is placed this agency did not feel that it could offer financial support. They did give helpful suggestions and moral support. If the opportunity had presented itself. the Community Service Council. employing the process of community organization could have played a more active role in the organisation of the Center and in helping the community to meet this need. 33 Although not in a social work institution the Center is being financed by public social welfare at the county level. This is perhaps the most direct relationship of social work to the program. In setting up the program at the Center the volunteer services of trained social workers were utilized to some extent. The one to one relationship of patient and social worker could well be used in the re- habilitation of the aged at the Center. The taking of case histories as done by the trained worker in a volunteer position was one role of the social worker in the prOgram. This service could be of much greater advantage if a trained social worker were employed on a full tine basis. What part social work played in the rehabilitation of the one patient who has been discharged from the Hospital is not known. However. one of the areas of function for the social worker in rehabilitation is the help that can be given toward understanding between doctor and patient and between patient and the society to which he will return. This could well be one problem that would be alleviated by the addition of a Hedical Social Worker to the program. Because of the short time that the Center has been in Operation it is difficult at this time to determine the effectiveness of such a venture. Iron the reception that it has received from the community and the groups that have been working with it. and the change in the attitudes of the patients as reported by staff members. the Ingham County Rehabili- tation Center is a worthwhile addition to the institutions that go to sales up a successful and growing community. APPENDICES APPENDIX I Frederick C. Swartz, M.D.. F.A.C.P. 215 North Walnut Street Lansing 15. Michigan COPY January 21. 1951+ Mr. Donald C. Griffin 813 B Birch East Lansing. Michigan Dear Sir: This is to certify that Mr. Donald C. Griffin of Michigan State College has consulted me regarding a research problem at the Rehabili- tation Center. This problem has the approval of Dr. Aldridge of the Social Service Department and under whom this work is being done. This project has my approval if it receives the approbation of the Scientific Committee headed by Dr. Montoya which is really the chain of command which has authority over these research matters. Respectfully submitted. Frederick C. Swartz. M.D. FCS/mc k-I 35 MICHIGAN STATE COLLEGE East Lansing COPY Department of Physical Education Health.And Recreation For~Men February l. 195% Jenison Gymnasium And Field House Mr. Donald C. Griffin 813 B Birch Road East Lansing. Michigan Dear Mr. Griffin: The Research Committee of the Ingham County'Rehabilitation Center has no objection to the historical research. which you are planning. Dr. Fink. at the Center. has in his possession some data which I think will be of interest to youn Also. I have the proceedings of two meetings of the Research Committee, which you.may wish to consult. The Research Committee felt that your history of the Center would be a worthwhile pro- ject and although consultation with some of the patients at the Center may be necessary. The members of the Committee felt that you work would in no way interfere with the service of the Center. The committee also suggested that you.prepare a brief outline of your project under the headings of. "Statement of'Problem" and.”Methods". and this brief outline be sent to me. At the completion of your research. the committee would like to have a cOpy of your thesis to be placed on file at the Center for the use of others. who might be interested. Also. would you kindly send.me a cepy of the abstract of your thesis when it is completed. If I can be of any further service, please do not hesitate to call. I hope you enjoy your research at the Center. Cordially yours. Henry J. Montoye Chairman. Research Committee Ingham County Rehabilitation Center EJM/cs 36 APPENDIX II MICHIGAN STATE COLLEGE COPY Department of Psychology Dr. Leonard S. Cottrell, Jr. The Russell Sage Foundation 505‘Park.Avenue New Ybrk 22. New York Dear Dr. Cottrell: Enclosed is a statement of a research.project 'A.Multi-disci- pline Approach to.Aging. Handicapped. and Rehabilitation." I am author- ized by Michigan State College to request of the Russell Sage Foundation the sum of $300,000 to support this program over a period of five years. Since my recent discussion of this proposal with you in New York. sub-groups of our larger committee have been.meeting in almost continuous session to reduce our cooperative venture to a compact statement. Even this week the County Board of Social welfare made public announcement that they are planning to erect the new hospital wing this spring. The medical representatives have expressed the keenest hope that they may have the research collaboration of the Social Sciences and other disciplines from Michigan State College. They have said. however. that they are proceeding with.p1ans for an expanded and improved service program whether or not the Russell Sage Foundation can support the Social Science part of the research. They have even.proposed with our con- currence that if the research budget. which we have jointly prepared. is too large for the current resources of the Foundation. that Item 1 of the budget for $20,000 for research.medical personnel be deferred for the first year in order that research collaboration with Michigan State College not be delayed. If it will facilitate action by the Foundation to delete this Item 1. the local physicians and our entire committee will undertake to secure these funds from some other source. I am authorized to say that the President of Michigan State College is much interested in this proposal and that its financing has been approved by the Comptroller. Dean Lloyd 0. Emmons. Dean of the School of Science anthrts. who has agreed to serve as Coordinator and‘Adminis- trator of the Pregram has the cordial and camplete confidence of all persons involved. He goes on retirement leave on July 1 next.‘but will continue to have university responsibilities and.would.intend to give the program more than routine administrative attention. Sincerely yours. Harold H. Anderson. Head Department of Psychology INGRAM COUNTY REHABILITATION HOSPITAL A.Multi-discipline_épproach to Rehabilitation of the Handicapped and Agig REHABILITATION The goal bf rehabilitation is to achieve the maximal function and adjustment of the individual and to prepare him physically. mentally. socially. and vocationally for the fullest possible life compatible with his abilities and disabilities. - Baruch Committee THE NEED - Country Wide Considerations There is great need for a community rehabilitation service and center pragram to provide the necessary care and rehabilitation for the estimated 23,000,000 persons in the United States who are handicapped because of disease, injury. maladjustment, or from former wars. The following examples graphically'point out such need for rehabilitation: a. In 1940 there were six and one-half million disabled males between the ages of 15 and 64 years in the United States. When demobil- ization is completed and the disabled veteran returns to his community, it will mean a total of approximately eight million males of working age who are disabled to the point of requiring physical or vocational rehabil- itation or special placement aids, if they are to be successfully employed. This represents one person in sixteen in our general population. and one in seven in our male working population. b. In world War II there were approximately 17.000 amputations in the.Army. During the same period there were 120,000 maJor amputations from disease and accidents in our civilian papulation. c. The Office of Vocational Rehabilitation has demonstrated how rehabilitation pays off economically. 0f the #3.997 persons who received vocational or physical rehabilitation under this agency in 194#, 22 per cent. or more than 10.000 had never been gainfully employed and nearly 90 per cent. or nearly forty thousand. were not employed at the time they started their rehabilitation. The average annual wage or the entire group prior to rehabilitation was $148. After rehabilitation, the average annual wage or the group increased to $1,768. The total earnings of the entire group rose from $6,510,556 to $77,786,696. Prior to rehabilitation the maJority of these persons relied on general public assistance not only for the disabled individual but also for his family. The annual cost of this assistance to the taxpayer was from $300 to $500 per case. but the total cost of their rehabilitation averaged only $300 per case. The “3,997 persons rehabilitated under the Office of Vocational Rehabilitation program is by its own estimates but one-twentieth of the number who need such service. d. During the war 83 per cent of our nation's industries employed handicapped workers. Those industries report that among the handicapped there was a much smaller labor turnover, less absenteeism. fewer accidents and equal or higher production rates. The industrial accident rate of eighty-seven of the great industrial plants in America, each having from fifty to 12,000 handicapped.employees. has disproved the fallacy that many employers had of a fear of increased accident rates, Their reports show that 56 per cent found the accident rate of the handicapped lower than that of the able-bodied; 1+2 per cent found the rate the same as for the able-bodied, and only 2 per cent stated it was higher. A statement of policy issued by the Association of Casualty and Surety Executives, composed of sixty-five maJor insurance and surety companies, states explicitly that no higher rate for workmen's compen- sation insurance is charged because of employment of disabled workers. e. It has been estimated by experts in the field of rehabilitation and re-training that up to 97 per cent of all handicapped.persons can be rehabilitated to the extent of gainful employment. Comprehensive rehar bilitation is the third phase of medical care which. by an integrated program of physical rehabilitation. psycho-social treatment and adjustment. and wacational re-training. takes the man from the bed to the Job. THE NEED -’Local Considerations a. The Lansing, East Lansing trade center area has a.population of 187.000 people with four acute hospitals. only one of which has pro- vision for rehabilitation services in the person of one physiotherapist. The city of Lansing has forty-five physicians certified by national boards. As a.special service center for these specialists the trade area would conservatively include all the counties touching Ingham county on all sides except the south where only a half a county is included. There are eleven acute hospitals in this area, none of which have any rehabilitation features incorporated in their hospital services. The total population of this special service area including Ingham county has a.p0pulation of 366 g 000 people 0 b. One of our problems for investigation is to find out how many disabled.persons there are in this population center. Applying the ratio of disabled to well pepulation as found in a study at New Haven, Connecticut, we would expect some “b.000 disabled individuals in this area. one-third of whom would be homebound and one-third of whom would be under twenty- five years of age. AIM To give handicapped persons the advantage of our modern concept of rehabilitation; to further develOp methods of rehabilitation; to further our understanding of the personality changes involved when people are chronically disabled; to lessen the load on the taxpayer; to further our knowledge of an aging papulation, and to explore and experiment with inter-disciplinary collaboration in research, training and service, is essentially the purpose of setting up this rehabilitation center. LOCAL RESOURCES The tangible resources at hand to cope with the local needs are: 1. a hospital building of approximately 150 bed capacity which is in a better state of physical repair than any of the acute hospitals in this area. 2. an enlightened Director of the Ingham County Hospital and.Board of Supervisors who are in complete sympathy with the progress and efforts outlined. 3. a unique, active enthusiastic County Medical Society which has matched the enthusiasm of the Committee on Rehabilitation of the Society which has been.responsible for initiating this pragram in this area. 4. a great university center, Michigan State College. from which we have drawn help from a number of various disci- plines that touch on the problem and from which we expect to weave in others as the program grows. It might be mentioned here that the enthusiasm of the participating departments has been unbounded. .Although the pragram starts out as the county welfare level. our hopes for the future, after we have developed our techniques, are to have a place for all types and classes of patients that need rehabilitation. It is not a center for domiciliary care. The county has at the blue print stage further building deve10pment pragram for this type of patient. We expect to have a definite training program using all the disciplines ayailable in this area to arrive at our Objectives. The condition of the patients will be checked from time to time and when they have reached their maximal point of rehabilitation they will be discharged from the center in order to keep this prOgram a living, growing thing rather than a static domiciliary one. THE PROGRAM HAS ALREADY BEGUN For several months a.planning committee has held'bi-weekly meetings at the hospital. Represented on this committee are: The Medical Director of the Ingham County Hospital The County Board of Supervisors The Committee on Rehabilitation of the County Medical Society County Social Agencies Michigan State College Departments of Speech; SociOIOgy and.Anthrop010gy: Psychology} PsycholOgical Clinic Upon the request of the planning committee the County'Board of Supervisors has recently employed a part-time psychologist and a full- timo recreation leader to work under the supervision of a physiotherapist in a.pilot study of the program. From a sociolOgic viewpoint we must know more regarding the needs and possibilities of placement for the rehabilitated in industry and government and it would seem advisable to begin at an early date to pre- pare suoh information for the time when it will be needed. PARTICIPATION OF THE SOCIAL SCIENCES FROM MICHIGAN STATE COLLEGE l. Qgpartment or Socilogy and.AnthIQQolOgy, The participation of sociOIOgists in this rehabilitation pragram is largely in a research capacity. A.major purpose is to provide significant social data on the community which therapists can use. First, the extent and location of the need must be assessed. It is suggested that a demographic analysis of the age composition of the area and of those needing rehabilitation be made on an e0010gical basis. Research is now under way which will divide Lansing into homogeneous ecolOgical areas. Fortunately the area has large representations of socially heterogeneous groups. It has large numbers of ethnic. racial, religious. occupational and other groups. Knowledge of social diversity of the area is needed for several purposes: 1) To provide data on.the casualty rates of different groups. 2) To find the significance of aging among various groups. 3) To study low casualty groups to provide suggestions for rehabilitating higher casualty groups. a) To assess the receptivity of diverse groups to prevent- ative rehabilitation prOgrams. General community analysis of on-going programs, both formal and informal among such groups as management, labor. professional groups will also be made. Knowledge of this will fit into a program of prevention. 41 2. Department of Speech. The contribution of services that may be expected from the Department of Speech of Michigan State College is as follows! ' 1. Diagnostic 2. Therapeutic 3. Research In the area or diagnosis an evaluation would be made of the speech ability and hearing acuity of a given patient. Speech defects encountered largely are the aphasic patients. the laryngetomized patients, and hoarseness and harsh speech defects. not on a malignant basis. Hearing difficulty characteristic of the aged is a loss of high frequency acuity. In addition to interfering with communication a hearing loss will alter the personality of an individual in that he tends to become depressed and suspicious as well as inattentive. In the field of therapy effective results can generally be attained with aphasia. laryngectomized, and other kinds of speech diffi- culties. In hearing. a program of auditory training encompassing mental hygiene. amplified sound, and lip reading has considerable potential. Within the area of speech and hearing research. new hypotheses can be presented in diagnosis and.methodology; older theories can be sub- Jected to the rigors or experimental investigation. The field of Geron- tology is new; there is very little information of any kind in the literature. 3. Department of’Psychologz, PsychOIOgical research with aging persons and with handicapped is so new and so meager that the research will be exploratory and designed mainly to deveIOp methods whose reli- ability and validity can be established. One Ph.D. fliesis by Alvis W. Caliman on TPersonality.AdJustment of Aging WOmen' was completed in 1951 at Michigan State College. The psycholOgical work at the Ingham County Hospital has already begun with diagnostic clinical studies 0f the handicapped.patients at the hospital and with treatment programs designed to motivate diem to greater cooperation in the total program. An initial research project will be a study, and. in a therar peutic sense. the modification. of the self-concept of aging and handi- capped.persons with.particular regard to the nature and degree of the handicap. age, sex. ethnic or social group. occupational status of the person and with regard to special abilities. skills. and other potentials of the subject. 42 0f longer duration is a study of changes in the aging person in: a) needs: redefinitions of psychological inferences as to human needs. b) physical and mental capacities and differences between functional levels and social adjustment levels of these car pacities; rates of decline from one's estimated.peak. Normative studies will be undertaken after the papulation survey has been completed. A third.project will be research in job placement of handicapped persons. This will involve the joint resources of the industrial psychol- ogist and the industrial sociologist. TRAINING A training pragram will be set up at the Hospital and at Michigan State College with the Objective to utilize to the utmost the research and service potentials of the pragram to train persons in all the disciplines represented for work with aging and handicapped persons; In the areas of the Social Sciences this training program would enrich the facilities now offered, for example. in the Department of SociOIOgy and .AnthrOpOIOgy, the Speech and.Hearing Clinic and the Psychological Clinic at.Michigan State College. by giving students a closer working relation on corrective problems with physicians. nurses, physiotherapists and others. PUBLICATIONS In addition to material included in systematic annual reports there should be a number of special publications. Some of the probable publications would be reports on medical research, survey of handicapped in the population of the Lansing area. manual of job placement of handi - capped, special reports of research, training and service in the several disciplines. 43 BUDGET Research budget requested of Russell Sage Foundation annually for a.period of five years. Resident research physician. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $5.000. Clinical Psychologists. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.000. Graduate assistants, clinical psychology. . . . . . . . . . . 6.000. Speech and hearing therapistS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6,000. Sociologists. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,000. Physiotherapist. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.000. Social Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.000. Nutritionist. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.000. Dietitian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.000. Physical education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.000. Psychiatric consultant. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.000. Nursing program. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.000. Recreation leader. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.000. Occupational therapist. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,000. Equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.000. ova rhe ad. 0 O O O O O O C O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O . Additional expenses in staff and equipment will be borne by Ingham County. and by the County Medical Society. .Additional services will be provided.by collaborating staff or graduate students in training from Michigan State College. Russell Sage Foundation 505 Park.Avenue New York 22. N. Y. COP! Leonard S. Cottrell. Jr. Social Psychologist May 9. 1952 Professor Harold H..Anderson Department of Psychology Michigan State College East Lansing, Michigan Dear Professor Anderson: After careful consideration by our Staff of the two projects sub~ mitted by you under dates of April 17 and 19. we have regretfully come to the conclusion that the Foundation is not in a.position to take favorable action on them at this time. This decision should not be interpreted in any way as a comment on the merits of the proposed.projects. Indeed we are impressed by the excellence of the quality of the proposals and.would.urge that you submit them to other foundations whose Operating budgets are substantially larger than our own. You can see from a perusal of our financial statement in our.Annual Report that the scale of projects we feel ourselves able to undertake is substantially smaller than those which you.propose. In addition to this very basic consideration as to what we can undertake, we find that for the immediate future we are already cmm- mitted to the full extent of our resources. Thus even if your proposals were of magnitude which we could seriously consider. we should have to postpone bringing them to the attention of our Board until sometime next year. In view of all these points, we would advise that you seek other sources of support. With best wishes, Sincerely. [3/ Leonard s. Cottrell. Jr. P. S. I am returning the extra copies of the project preposals and the materials you so kindly lent me. in case you need them for further ef- forts to uncover the necessary support. The project proposals are enclosed herewith and the pamphlet material is being sent under separate cover. . 45 MICHIGAN S ATE COLLEGE East ansing COPY Department of’Psychology May 1a, 1952 Dr. Leonard S. Cottrell. Jr. Russell Sage Foundation 505 Park.Avenue New‘York 22. N. Y. Dear Dr. Cottrell: Thank you for the good words about our research project, contained in your letter of May 9. I wish to express for our entire collaborating group our gratefulness to you and to Dr. Young for the consideration which you have given these projects. Very sincerely yours, Harold H. Anderson Head of the Department HHA;RE ccs: Dean L. O. Emmons Dr. G. P. Loomis Dr. F. C. Swartz Mr. Daryl V. Minnie APPENDIX III (NON-PROFIT) ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION These Articles of Incorporation are signed and acknowledged by the incorporators for the purpose of forming a nonfiprofit corporation under the provisions of Act No. 327 or the Public Acts of 1931, as amended. known as the Michigan General Corporation.Act. as follows: ARTICLE I, The name or the corporation is Ingham County Rehabilitation Center. ARTICLE II. The purpose or purposes for which the corporation is formed are as follows: The oojects of this corporation are to establish and develop methods of rehabilitation of handicapped.persons and to administer such treatment and perform such services necessary or required in the re- habilitation of such individuals; to do research on the problems of re~ habilitation and geriatrics and to disseminate to the various public agencies the results thereof; to stimulate public interest in the reha- bilitation of persons who are handicapped because of disease. injury. maladjustment or for any other cause and to promote efficiency and cooperation with all medical and welfare agencies of Ingham County in the furtherance of aid to the handicapped. The purposes of this cor- poration are entirely humanitarian and no pecuniary benefit or margin of receipts above expenses shall accrue to any member or individual. ARTICLE III, The location of the registered office is: 215 North walnut Street, Lansing. Ingham County. Michigan. The postoffice address of the registered office is: 215 North Walnut Street, Lansing, Michigan. ’ AEEHEEJLIIA. The name of the first resident agent is Frederick C. Swartz. ARTICLE V, Said corporation is organized upon a non-stock'basis. (a) The amount of assets which said corporation possesses is: Real estate None Personal prOperty None (b) Said corporation is to be financed under the following general plan: Voluntary contributions from its members. as well as from persons, firms. societies and corporations in sympathy with its purposes. Also revenues received for services performed in cases where those re- ceiving such services are able to contribute. ARTICLE VII The names and places of residence, or business. of each of the incorporators are as follows: ARTICLE VII, The names and places of residence. or business. of each of the first Board of Directors are as follows: ARTICLE VIII, The term of the corporate existence is thirty (30) years. ARTICLE IX, In the event of dissolution or winding up of corporate affairs, the assets shall not be distributed among the members but shall be do- nated by the last Board of Directors to one or more non—profit organ- izations to carry out one or more of the purposes expressed in Article II. WE. The Incorporators. sign our names this day of December. A. D. 1952. (All parties appearing under Article VI are required to sig: and acknowle dge . ) swims or MICHIGAN) as. COUNTY or INGRAM ) On this day of December. A. D. 1952. before me personally appeared to me known to be the persons described in and who executed the fore- going instrument. and acknowledged that they executed the same as their free act and deed. Notary Public. Ingham County. Michigan. My Commission expires: 50 BYHLAWS 0F LNGHAM COUNTY REHABILITATION owns an CLE I NAME The name of this organization shall be Ingham County Rehabili- tation Center. ARTICLE II OBJECTS The objects of this corporation are to establish and develop methods of rehabilitation of handicapped persons and to administer such treatment and perform such services necessary or required in the rehabili- tation of such individuals; to do research on the problems of rehabili- tation and geriatrics and to disseminate to the various public agencies the results thereof: to stimulate public interest in the rehabilitation of persons who are handicapped.because of disease, injury. maladjustment or for any other cause; and to promote efficiency and cooperation with all medical and welfare agencies of Ingham County; Michigan. in the fur- therance of aid to the handicapped. The purposes of this corporation are entirely humanitarian and no pecuniary benefit or margin of receipts above expenses shall accrue to any member or individual. ARTICLE III MEMBERSHIP Sec. 1. Any person residing in Ingham County. Michigan. interested in advancing the purposes of this corporation hereinbefore set forth shall be eligible to membership in the Council. Sec. 2. Any'person desiring to become a member shall make appli- cation to the Board of Directors of this corporation. If such application is favorably acted upon by the majority of the Board of Directors, such person shall be admitted to membership. Sec. 3. No dues or assessments shall be levied or charged against any member. Sec. #. The Board of Directors shall have power to revoke any membership for just and proper cause within the Board of Directors‘ dis- cretion. which cause. however. shall not be unreasonable or arbitrary. ARTICLE IV REARD or DIRECTORS Sec. 1. The control and administration of the corporation shall reside in the Board of Directors. consisting of fifteen (15) members, each of whom are members in good standing of this corporation. Sec. 2. There shall be ten (10) nominees for the office of Director taken from the membership. same to be submitted annually in April of each year b mail to the members and selected by a nominating committee of five (5 members to be named by the President. Ihe five receiving the highest number of votes shall serve for three (3) years commencing the first Wednesday in June of the year of their election. Additional nominees for Directors may be placed on the ballot pursuant to petitions signed by any ten (10) members in good standing if received by the Secretary prior to April first of any year. Sec. 3. At the organization meeting of this corporation five (5) Directors shall be elected to serve until June 1. 1953, five (5) Directors to serve until June 1. 195%. and five (5) Directors to serve until June 1. 1955- Sec. 4. If there shall be any vacancy on the Board of Directors. the same shall be filled by the vote of the Board of Directors for the unexpired term. ARTICLE V, FUNCTIONS OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS Section 1. The duties and.powers of the Board of Directors: (a) To manage the affairs of the corporation by the meetings of the membership. (b) To adapt rules. regulations and by-laws necessary for the attainment of the purposes of this corporation. (c) To receive and diapose of funds and to accept and dispose of preperty. (d) To employ and determine the compensation of whatever execur tive staff is deemed necessary for the successful operation of the cor- poration. (e) To give at least once a year a full and complete report of all activities at a meeting of the membership. 52 ARTICLE VI OFFICERS Sec. 1. The officers of this corporation shall be elected by the Directors. and.shall consist of a President, two vice-presidents. a Secretary. and a Treasurer. Vacancy in any office shall be filled by the election or the Board of Directors. Sec. 2. Officers shall hold office for one (1) year or until their successors have been duly elected and qualified. Sec. 3. The President shall preside at all meetings. He shall appoint all committees. and be chairman of the executive committee and ex-officio member of all other committees. Sec. h. Vicefipresidents in their order shall perform the duties of the President in his absence, his resignation, or in his inability to perform his duties. Sec. 5. The Treasurer shall be charged with the custody of all funds, shall disburse the same upon the direction and warrant of the Board, and shall perform other duties incidental to his office as directed by the Board. Sec. 6. The Secretary shall attend all meetings of the Directors and membership and of the Executive Committee. and shall preserve in books of the corporation true minutes of the proceedings of all such meetings. He shall perform such other duties as may'be designated to him by the Directors or by the Executive Committee. Sec. 7. An Executive Secretary may be employed by the Board of Directors and in such case shall perform such duties as may be designated to him by the Board of Directors. Sec. 8. The Board of Directors may appoint such assistant officers as in its discretion are deemed necessary. ARTICLE VII MEETINGS Sec. 1. The annual meeting of the membership shall be held on the first Wednesday in June in each year at such time and.place as may from time to time be determined by the Board of Directors: and it shall be the duty of the Secretary to give at least three (3) days notice of the time and.place thereof to each member. Sec. 2. At this annual meeting, five (5) Directors shall be elected to serve for a period of three (3) years. or until his successor is duly elected and qualified. except as provided in Article IV, Sec. 3, of these by-laws. 53 Sec. 3. Meetings of the membership shall be held at any time that the President Of the corporation shall determine it necessary. and it shall be the duty of the Secretary Of the corporation to give at least three (3) days notice to each member. setting forth.the purposes of the meeting. Sec. 4. Meetings of the Board of Directors may be called at any time by the President, and it shall be the duty of the Secretary to notify the Directors Of the time and.place of such.meeting and the pur- pose Of same, giving at least three (3) days notice of such meeting. ARTICLE vii; COMMITTEES Sec. 1. The Executive Committee shall consist of the Officers, the immediate past President and three (3) Other persons elected from the Board. The Committee Shall have authority to conduct the business of the Board in intervals between meetings in accordance with the rules and regulations and subject to approval and ratification by the Board. Sec. 2. On or before March 1 in each year. the President. with the approval of the Board. Shall appoint a nominating committee of five (5) members. It shall be the duty of this nominating committee to select ten (10) nominees for the office of Director. taken from the membership. It shall be the duty of this committee in the selection of such nominees to keep in mind selection of such representatives in keeping with the interest of the community with respect to the obli- gations or this corporation. ARTICLE IX ‘UORUM Sec. 1.‘A quorum Of the membership at any meeting shall consist Of at least ten (10%) per cent of the existing members in good standing. Sec. 2..A quorum of the Board of Directors shall consist of a majority of the members of said Board. See. 3. A majority or the Executive Committee shall constitute a quorum. ARTICLE X AMENDMENT Sec. 1. These‘by-laws may be altered, amended or repealed at any meeting of the Board of Directors provided that notice in writing Of the prOposed change shall have been given to each Director at least five (5) days before such meeting. A majority vote of the Board members present shall be necessary for such alteration. amendment or repeal. Sec. 2. These byrlaws may also be altered. amended or repealed at any meeting of the membership, provided proper notice is given ten (10) days in advance. 55 WAIVER AND CONSENT OF FIRST MEETING OF ORGANIZERS OF INGRAM COUNTY REHABILITATION CENTER COPY Lansing. Michigan February 11. 1953 We, the undersigned being all of the organizers Of the Ingham County Rehabilitation Center. do hereby waive notice Of the time and place and purpose of the first meeting of the organizers of said cor- poration. We also fix Wednesday. the llth day Of February. 1953 at “:00 P. M. as the time, at 1108 Olds Tower Building, Lansing. Michigan. We do hereby waive all requirements of the Statutes Of Michigan Of this meeting and the purposes therefor. We do consent further to the transaction of such business as may come before said meeting. Fredrik Marin Daryl V. Minnie Richard W. Pomeroy. M.D. James F. Anderton Frederick C. Swartz, M.D. 56 MINUTES OF FIRST MEETING OF ORGANIZERS OF INGRAM COUNTY REHABILITATION CENTER COPY Lansing. Michigan February 11. 1953 The first meeting of the organizers of Ingham County Rehabili- tation Center was held.pursuant to waiver and consent signed'by all the organizers on the llth day of February. 1953 at 4:00 O'clock in the afternoon at 1108 Olds Tower Building, Lansing, Michigan, for the purpose of organization. The following organizers were present: Frederick C. Swartz. M.D. James F. Anderton Fredrik Marin Richard.W} Pomeroy. M.D. Daryl V. Minnie Mr. Marin called the meeting to order and was duly chosen chairman thereof. Mr. Pomeroy was chosen temporary secretary of the meeting. The prOposed Articles of Incorporation and Waiver and Condent of first meeting of organizers were presented and ordered to be placed on the records of this prOposed corporation. Upon motion duly'made. seconded and unanimously carried it was moved that the organizers proceed to organize as a nonrprofit corporation under the provisions Of Act 327 OfWPublic Acts of 1931. better known as the Michigan General Corporation Act. and all acts supplemental thereto and amendatory thereof. The chairman.presented a form of the by-laws for the regulation and government of the affairs of the corporation. which were read. article by article. and unanimously adapted and ordered spread on the records of this corporation. Upon motion duly made. seconded and unanimously carried. it was moved that the meeting proceed to the election of a Board of Directors consisting of fiteen (15) as well as a.Prexident. ViceéPresident, Secretary and Treasurer. to hold office until the first annual meeting of the corporation and until their successors are duly elected and quali- fied. Five (5) of said Directors to serve until June 1. 1953 five (5) to serve until June l. 195#. and five (5) to serve until June 1. 1955. The following fifteen (15) individuals were nominated for the office of Director to serve for the term set apposite their respective names. 1953 1955 1955 1953 1953 1953 1955 195# 1954 James F. Anderton . . . . . . .June Daryl V. Minnie . . . . . . . .June Frederick Co Swartz e e e o e .Juna 1’ Richard W. Pomeroy. M.D. . . . . . . . . . June Fredrik Marin e e e o e e e e e o e . e 0 .June 1’ MervinCotes...............June Andrew Langenbacher . . . . . . . . . . . June Mrs. Russell A. Smith 0 o o e o o o o o 0 .June 1’ Edward.L. Warner. Jr. . . . . . . . . . . .June 1. on motion duly made. seconded and unanimously carried. it was moved that BameycoCOXeoeeooeooeeooeeJune David.Beatty . . . . . . . . . . .. June AlbertEhingor..............June Barcld H. Anderson 0 o e e e o e e o e e 0 June MarkBrouwer...............June Mrs. m01d Goad. e o e o e e e e o o o 0 .June There being no further nominations for the office of Director. 1955 1954 1954 1955 1953 1954 58 the nominations be closed and the Secretary be instructed to cast the unanimous ballot for the election of those individuals nominated. The chairman announced that the next order of business was that of electing a.President. ViceéPresident. Secretary and Treasurer. The following named.persons were nominated to the office set Opposite their respective name 8. Frederick 0. Swartz. M.D. President James F. Anderton ViceaPresident Richard W. Pomeroy Secretary Daryl V. Minnie Treasurer Upon motion duly made. seconded and unanimously carried. it was moved that nominations be closed and the Secretary instructed to cast the unanimous ballot for the election of the persons to the offices set Opposite their respective names. Upon motion duly made. seconded and unanimously carried. it was moved that the Treasurer be authorized and directed to Open a bank account for the corporation with the Bank of Lansing in the City of Lansing. Michigan and that therein shall be deposited from time to time all funds of the corporation. That said bank be. and is hereby authorized to honor checks. notes. drafts and other instruments signed by the Presi~ dent or Treasurer. so long as there is a balance in favor of the corporation. and that the corporate resolution of said.Bank of’Lansing be and hereby is passed in the form as submitted and the Secretary instructed to deliver a capy thereof to said Bank of Lansing. Upon motion duly made. seconded and unanimously carried. it was moved that the Articles of Incorporation setting forth the main.purpose of this corporation and other particulars required.by law having been 59 approved by the incorporators. it is hereby ordered that the same be filed in triplicate with the Corporation and Securities Commission for the State of’Michigan. On motion duly made, seconded and unanimously carried. it was moved that Frederick C. Swartz. M.D. be appointed the Resident Agent of the Corporation with principal offices at 215 North Walnut Street. Lansing. Ingham County. Michigan. There being no further business to come before the meeting. same was adjourned. Richard W. Pomeroy. M.D. Secretary APPENDIX IV ADVII‘ CRY COLT. FCIL INGHMI’ COUNTY REHABILITALION CLNFrR NILE fufOCIATICN Anderson, Harold, PHD NSC, Department of Psychology Anderton, James F. Simon Iron 8: Steel 'feseltine, Lloyd Ingham County Board of Supervisors Aldridge, Gordon . NSC, Dept Social Work Beadle, Mrs. Maude Beadle Nursing Home Beatty, ”David Ingham County Board of Secial Welfare E‘eekm3n',‘1.farvin Lansing Dpt. of Education. Bielinski, W. Walter _ iiichigan Farm Bureau Beettcher, Arthur Liebermann Trunk Company Rogue, Hrs. LaVerna :i. Pres., Ingham Co. Convalescent Hone Operators Byrnes, Gerald Rec victors Bram, Nelson ‘ Ingham County News Brouwer’, Mark State Journal Butcher, Mr. 3: 111‘s. Lloyd Ingham County HoSpital, Okemos Cardwell, Bliss Pdldred Dir. of Nursing, In. Cty. Health Dept. Chamberlin, Mrs. Lewis House. ifs (H. 0. T. Cheney, Edward, DDS Dentist . Clark,-.Ge0rgo J. ' Small's Ken’s Shop Correvant, H. Earle State Vocational Rehabilitation Conway, Mrs. Mary Volunteer Pureau Cox, Barney- telling Forge Cotes, itervin F.- Mot or Wheel. Cullen, lire. James F. Ingham Co. Society C. C. and A. Dean, Carleton, N. D. lichigan Heart Association DeKleine, ‘.’.'illiam, 15. Do L’Tedical Society DeRose, Sam huscular DystrOphy Association Home, Mrs. Donald . Housewife Dunn, F.11ansel, £1.13. Medical Society‘ Early, Jack Office Supplies tselick, LIiss Doris Amer. Federation ofrPlvsically Handicapped Ehinger, Albert Ehinger Realty, Lietrich, Simeon Dietrich-{Ichaberg Hardware Ellsworth, Edward K. Motor \‘meel Friedman, Rabbi Alfred L. Clergy Fryer, Douglas 11., M. D. Ingham County Health Department 7 -~ .., :itzpatrick, Gloria Curative Workshop Glass, Harald , . Ingham County Drug Association Good, Mrs.- Harold , Housewife Hanthorne, B. V. ' . Multiple Sclerosis Harkin, was Mary Lou Stencgi apher (R. 0.13) Heath, Mrs. Gladys Pres., Lansing P.- N. Association I’efron, Roscoe E. (Sn) American Legion , - ‘ Hermanns, Richard John Hermann-Sons Hicks, Richard Conmunity Chest Hinchey, Irwin E. ‘ Fisher Body Holt, Jack UAW-CID Hubbard, Han‘y Attorney Jarred, Miss Doris Medical Assistants Society "ohnson, Kenneth, 1.1. D. Medical Society Knmpf, Miss Florence LBC Nursin Department ."ctchxmz, Hrs. Mina Housewife Arts 8:. Skills, Ing. Cty. Hosp.) ‘71eiver, Mrs. L. David Director, P. N. Association Krause, Jack C. , Insurance Lake, Lester C. . Lauzun, Virginia, M. D. Langenbacher, Andrew LaLcnde, John A LubCke, M. L. Vagdalena, Sister Mary Marin, Fredrik McCloud, Mrs. Jillian- NcDonald, MrS. Ronald D. HcDonald, Wilsm chnight, Hrs. Irv-in . McNeil,- l'dss Mabel ~ Pleads, Robert, M.’ D. iflller, Miss Dorothy Lfiller,'Laurence 5. Fannie, Daryl V. Morris, Clarence Manley, Mrs. Jesse G: Montoya, Henry J. Luelder, Milton, PHD. Mueller, Dr. H. R. Hull, Ivfiss Ethel- Nunyon, Walt er Nearing, James, H. D. Nelson, Max Osgood, Mrs. Thomas H. Chlson, Margaret, PHD Pedrey, Charles Pomeroy, John Pomroy’ Richard Ive, M. D. Potts, Miss Jane Ihdse, Mrs. James F. Roden, J. J. Rabin, Albert I. Seaman,~flre. John Schuiling, Hrs. Beth Schultz, Arthur L., M. D. Shapiro, H, Dr, M. DO Stillwell, George Do, Ho DI Smith, Mrs. Russell A. Sorrow, Mrs. Willard Sower, Christopher Slowey, Father John Stimson, Paul F., M. D." Swartz, Frederick 0., H. D. Thompson,'Jane Tenney, 0. Bart Tubbs, Elm!) Tefft, HOV. Co" Brandt ””ddell, Jessie ' carrier, EdYIGJ‘d L.,"Jr.’ 7olcott, Lester H., M. D. {$113,'William As soc’. New or Eaton, Sterling 61 Employment Se curity Comm. Medical Seciety Duplex Truck ' F.1i. Rofley crpmw' Physiotherapist ' Director, St. Lawrence Hospital Pank of lensing Housewife (R.'0.‘To) Volunteer Group Interclub Council Housewife (Social Welfare) Director of Nursing, Sparrow Hospital Medical Society Reo motors AFL Ingham County Board of Social‘erfare Lundberg Screw Housewife (R. O. T.) ESC, Dept. Physical Education LEG, Dent. Arts and Science Optometrist Visiting Nurse Association Insurance ' St. Lawrence Hospital E’SC, Dept. of Speech Housewife ICC, Dept. Nutrition and Dietetics LSC, Dept. of Speech WILS Medical Society State Vocational Rehabilitation Housewife (R. C. T.) Seas Roebuck NBC, Dept. of Psychology Junior. League Housewife (Red Cross Arts & Skills) Medical Society Medical Society Liedical Society Junior League'- Iurerican Federation of i’h3.'sically Handicapped NSC, Dept, Sociologyr Clel‘g] Ingham County Mental Health Center Medical Society Crippled Children's Cozmissi on 'Insurance CIO -- Local 652 Clergy Crippled Children's Commission Oldsmobile ' t'edical Society and Ingham County Hospital Editor Arthritis and Rheumatism Foundation IPPENDIX.Y INGHAM COUNTY 62 REHABILITATION CENTER (IRL‘UIUS, .\II\.I’\I:1JIII ‘-I:a.?" 11.11“."c LI: NOIIII 'hkaIHUl Strt‘rfl Lon-ing, M'L'I'Iigan July 1, 1953 ' To Members of.ddvisorleouncil: The Ingham County Rehebilitation Center is established. Part of the development and plans have taken place over Friday noon luncheons, part by evening meetings or midnight telephone. The by-laws have been created, we are incorporated, the first Board elected by the incorporators, and two paid personnel are actively playing their part in our prog;ram. We have had our first Annual Meeting. - . At one of=the orsnnizational noontime meetings the problem was brought forth: Wh:1t are we .oing to do aboxt the general feeling ~ expressed by many of e1r irterested well-wishers . - "I am certainly : glad to help you all I can, but really I know nothing about the business of rehabilitation." That is the way we all feel, and the further we delve into the problem the more we realize it. We are going to grow together. It was suggested that 1 series of short letters to those interested would be (f velue. Letters published periodice .lly in relation to one of our problems - or in answer to the problem that has erison elsewhtlrcz; l Mttrrs to be educationn.l for all of us and yet to give each fun.tioning comrittee or group an outlet to their specific problems; letters for 311 of us by all of us. , 1 With this concept in rind, your secretary has been gsthering ' thoughts and material free publications and from our. own group. will try to discuss various points and problems-and express the philosophy, the sins and the methods of the Ingham County Rehabilitation Center. . . . My only contact with you is throxgh you. so if you as individuals or committees have ideas or thoughts to spread to our whole Advisory Council, send me the word and I shall be glad to relay it in theSe letters. .-,. L ,l . The first letter is enclosed:and may well be but a further "Introduction" for you to "Rehabilitation.” We hope to see your interest grow with each succeeding letters . Sincerelydo n. I ‘ 1‘5. R..V. POMERQY. H. D. Secretary 5 I 63 INGHAM COUNTY REHABILITAIION CENTER ULJHIA, XII Iagm July 1. 1953 To Members of Advisory Council: You have asked about Rehabilitation, what it means, the “why“ of it. and how in a community such as ours of Ingham that we figure an organized program is not only needed but will work. It cannot be explained in a single letter, nor can its concept be absorbed in a single sitting without preliminary work. This is because it is a large field indeed, dealing with almost all aspects of the life of a specific individuoln-the handicwpped. Perhaps from this and following letters ”ill come your interpretation of what we, mean. Perhaps I can introdufie you, we we have been, to the problem~ and our attempt at a coordin ted effort to face it. The "why" is not difficult. It has long been recognized that an individio.l handicarped by a chronic disease (one which is not curable by present medic ins and le .ves permanext stigmota) .rr' paralytic condition, or a ph'sicrl traumr.tic condition, not only ahas. lost all vr.lue to himstlf and t}.J community, but 5r dually has lost all communication except thvt through some welfare agency. -This- burden on the individu l, Lis family, and the community was long tolerated by society as a "necesswry evil" until ~ few strong\souls fifty or so years ago said, “No, tley are not lost; if wepreclnim ships and machines, why not men?" - ‘. John Galsworthy once said, "A niche of usefulness and self- respect exists for every man, however handicdpped, but that niche - must be found for him. To carry the process of restoration to a point short of this is to have the cathedral without a spire. To restore him, and with him the future of our countries, that is sacred worki" ..§,.-;., ;n But let us stxrt with the beginning. ~ definitions. It- is unfortunate ths.t workers frequrntly foil to differentiate between «iisnbility and handicap. With their own thoughts not clear, their eaims are confum 'Disobili_y n.nd or ipplc -d are static words indicating thrt an individurl has so me defect or inp irment, and with a sense of jpermanency. handig_p is r. dynamic term, one that carries with it the tract that this defect or impnirment interferes with the individual reaching his maximum. As a teacher of mine said long ago, £Never Call ‘these people 'cripplod' or 'disnbled' - it is too permanent. They zxre 'handicnpped', but not unsorrectiblo. We. are all handicapped 111 some way, a few physically, but more of us.mentally. ~In one nrunner or another we try to surmount it and headh.our goal-." . "Rehabilitation" has been defined as the use of physical medicine, phycho—socinl fields, and vocational retraining in nn'attenpt to achieve the maximal function and adjustment of- the individual, wnd tn prepare him physically, mehtelly, socially and vbcntivnally for the fullest possible life competiblo with 'his‘hxniienp. ’ fiHfbo we are rlcyin: with erds, but there is n concept here which you may fipEPuCiLtU as we gregross. Sinc-ruly, t 65 lNCHA.’-4 COUNTY REHABiLlTATION CENTER (’tkll'“ \nl PURE!!! July 11, 1953 To: Wenhers of-AiviSory Council a- . Last_wcek I mentioned that nest of the handicapped were so because of a chronic disease, a paralytic condition or traima. Let us look at this a moment. . Figures speak stronger than words and investiration has shown that one_ of every three disabling conditions is caused by a chronic disease. . About no of a physician 3 time is givtn to the care oi chronic illness, yet 16% of all p¢rsons vith cimr nic distase are under 25 years of age. The most important chronic diseases are heart disease, arteriosclerosis, hypertension, rhe1.atism and kidriey disease. 0 These are only chronic diseases. ”a have not analyzrd the traumatic ca- ses, such as amputees where annually we find 30,00o new ones in civilian life in contrast with the 20,5J0 resulting from world War II. Nor are we considering the increasing proportion of aged who are slowed by time am conditions. ..' t '..---1 h’ith the increasing reco;;niti0n of this problem, various hoSpitals, institutions and uniVersities throughout the countsy have aime d programs at reclaiming or rehabilitating some of these -péople to a happier and more profitable life and one where they were not such a burden to them- selves, their families or the community. They found many common problems and answers, with the result that comprehensive organizations have gradu- ally evolved concerned with the detection, early diagnosis, hospital care, nursing and home care, rehabilitation and domicilliarx care of these handicapped individuals. 19h6 and 19h? saw the establishment of the r'edical Specialty Board of . Physical Medicine. 19h8 found the American Medical Association changing its Physical “edicine committee to the "Council on Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation". .The American Board in l9h9 changrd its name to "The 7 Imerican.fioard of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation". "’And,.too, in.“ 19h? this A.H.A. "committee" became a permanent section. ‘Doctors were recognizing Rehabilitation as the third phase of medicine, in addition to Diagnosis and Treatment.’ . , . I .‘ ‘..~v. It Further development of theSc Common factors resulted in the establish—:1; ment in Kay l9h9 of the National Commission on Chronic Illness by the joint action of the fimerican Medical fiesociation, The American Hospital tsSOCiation, The American Public Health association and The Imerican y Public Welfare fssociation. This is not a permanent nor a governmental organization, but is a temporary one making surveys and recommendations regarding the problems encountered in "chronic illness" which, as you see, is but one phase of the big problem - chronic illness, the chroni1- ally handicapped and the agedo Gradually, an all—inclusive concept has been appearing: That the Rehab- ilitation of an individual include not only his physical ailment but social (family and community) problems, psychological, vocational, educa- tional - a complete program and not a specific unit. We had been unable to see the forest for the trees. ‘ The National Commission on Chronic Illness, incidentally, publishes a newsy little periodical "Chronic Illness" which I am going to have sent to you. . But this is enough for now. It is but an introduction to the prdblem. The medical, ps:chological, social, educational and other facets we can discuss in the future. Sincerely, 7&37/9327'iip1122ex23, R.'w. Pomeroy, M. D. Secretary 6? INGHAM COUNTY REHABILITATION CENTER ()kvxngs, AIILL 4J!1 ;.n". u, . ii.'l.‘.!t 1“th I JUly 18) 1953: .-. I IWTVRQJKWsm .“u To: Members of the Advisory Council: In our approach to this problem of Rehabilitation, we have referred to “The Team" and you wonder what we mean. ‘6 .4 .y. ‘1‘. 'The working team is composed of personnel trained in the fields at Physical Medicine, Physical Therapy (P.T.)) Occupational THérdpy (O.T. ), Social Service-(Medical); pstychology, Vocational Guidance or Job Counseling and'perhaps Speech or Hearing Therapy and Physical Medicine, as well as the: M. D. p” This “team" actually working with the individual is aided by two advis- ory groups: one, a Lay Council, which helps keep the plan stable in relation to the community and practical values , and the other, a Professional Council of Doctors and Specialists' in any of the above or correlated fields who are actively working elsewhere, such as private business or Iiichigan State College. This team with itsitwo advisory groups,-ayailable if necessary, analyses the individual and his problems and outlines a program. As' this is carried‘fOrward, re-evaluation is periodically done by members of this team to help determine when the maximum point of rehabilita- tion is reached or when further progiess can be gained at home and per-' haps with Out-patient assistance. This last means clase cooperation with the Curative Workshop and their Out-patient serVices and a correl- ation of in-patient and out-patient activities and programs. When this stage is reached the individual is advanced from'the basic in-patient pregram to out-patient or home care - and the true fruits of any vocational work are seen. Rehabilitation is a transitional phase, then, between_scute hospital care and ultimate discharge and the working team is the guiding unit for the individual based on the old precept that two heads are better than one. ’ , . Enough for this chat. fiext week let us consider the individual members of this team. Sincerely MW ”W, R. h. Pomeroy, M. D. Secretar INGHAM COUNTY REHABILITATION CENTER Die-1110;. .\I11I1.Ii;au 3.3.“? III-”2'4: -71 N 1 \\ II 1 It Street July 25’ 1953 I“)! II 15.1!) .. 33‘" i To:' “embers of the'fidvisory Ocunbil Last week we talked of "the team”. Now let us look at one of the key members - the PhySical Therapist. 1: _ . "f. ,, _ Ewsical Therapy has been defined as the achinistering of heat, light, ‘water, MasSage, exercise, electricity and other physical agents in the treatment of disease and injury. Treatment is prescribed by the physician, the quarterback of the team, and is uhder his supervision. In nehabilita- tion, great ingenuity is needed ‘by both the Physical Therapist (13- TJ' and the Physician for each patient creates his own problems and depends ‘” individual care. The v.1. works with the patient’ fix the physical sense and by one of the means at his service tries to get better function fro- the handicapped part as well as the person as a whole. ' ’ Physical Therapy is really of rather modern origin and has made tremendous strides in the pr st fifteen.years. There are hOw 29 approved schools and more being developed annually. Yet it is estimated that ex- panding programs are demanding at least three times the. number of trained P.T.s now available in this country. "”" '“' ' ‘0 After' meeting the preliminary requirements, usually a B. 5. degree or equivalent, the course, itself, is of one or two years. The student covers anatomy, physiology and phytics for a better understandihg. and ' succeSSful application of the physical agents in his hands. He, also, _ studies neurology, orthopedics, surge ' and‘pathology to better under-I ' stand the conditions he treats and the available medical methods of treatment. ‘Psychology as applied to the handicapped, medical ethics and acininistration complete the in-class training. 01‘ course, he has much practical clinical and hospital work. “‘ - - ' ’ So our physiotherapist must be a stable individual. His occupation‘looka glamorous but requires hard, concentrated work for success. He is in's rapidly expanding field and must keep abreast of changes. He must be well adjusted, yet flexible enough to function in varying situations. Good health, endurance and physical coordination arc necessities. :So much for the P.T. He is a worker and is perhaps best known by the pa- tient of all the workers. He is probably the first one you will meet as you actually a 0 our program in action. - ~ _ ' )Sincerely, . bill ”I /&\\tl.'x("3/ :3'. . R. w. Pomeroy, M. D. 1 : . s".;ecrctary ‘P. 5. Dr. Sawyer, President of the Medical College of Virginia wrote a .ine article which I have referred to here and will again for next week's _'._‘, (utter. INGHAM COUNTY 69 REHABILITATION CENTER Okcmns, .MILIIIizun .‘..':1.-’ 11.5. , \y . 1 ‘ 413 .VI . 1 =\. mu: fired i.m:.m;. 311121.33 August 1; 195) To: “embers of the fidvisory Council Yes, there is a difference between the P.T. and the O.T. The Physical Therapist, or P.T., primarily works with certain physical heaps, such as exercisc,m ssa gs, mzchines for hydrotherapy, or yaribus forms of electri- cal thirapy. The Occup." tional Therapist, or 0.Tn, tries to attain a4 rehabilitative.gpal by occupational or creatiVe means: Wethods of using , the arms or legs by creating objects, yet at.tho same time obtaininthhc physical exercise and mental stimulation desired. 0.T. may be DiVersional or Therapeutic. DiVIrsionzl is the form we ordi- narily think of -- making doillies, belts er pocket_books, just to pass th. time. Yet the therapeutic form can he more important. fi. man with ankle of foot difficulty can, by using a sewing ma chine jig saw, create articles of woodwork and receive the mental stimulation from this at the same time he is ,exercising and strengthening his foot. A typist with burned and crippled fingers ca n sew or weave and be exercising her fingers at the same time she is creating. The O.T. then trics to devise ways that our patient can make Objects in ‘which she is interested, and at the same tim+ receive or be doing the ~ exercises that the P. T. and Physician wish him (or her) to be actively (101318 c . - When a patient is nurking on a loom, then, he is not only weaving.a rug, but weaving his future by exercising the nicessary muscles and at the same tin: and equally as important in geriatrics, he is being mentally stiMulatedo There is a difference and when you s~ e th< two departments and think in L these tWO veins, I believe it will clarif;' itself. i Sincerely,) _ I /I/((/ /:"[10)A7~ R. W. Pane-ray, if. D. Secretarj = lNGH/‘C M CC WU 4T1 REH/‘x MUTATION CENTTIR ()T'_r EIJ‘: \11’ £111.17) Iugust h, 1953 To: hcmbCrs of the Advisory Council . T1MC for pnothCr thrCc-minutC 9Cssion? ThC Social Work r in cns~4Cr to your in stion 1 st wCCk 15 pC.rh ps the RC3 pCrson b tw In oxr p 11 nt :nd thC outsiic world. " HCr is the pCr- son GCrCsi;ntirg our potiC nts' 'rms, 1 gs, thothts,‘rrd ImooC: rognrd- ing uh t hC ma3 do in thC (utur . His cC nt cts rrC initially'with thC p~tiCnt nd vicC VCrsn - the pctiCnt's initi 1 cantcct H1 tI thC rrogr~m is with thC 3001: l worker. B sic concepts rnd pl: ns {r1 1 id 3 thC Dc 1 1 ~orkCr, in coll: bora- ‘ tion with thC rCst of-th tC H, Ifxrr 'n iriti 1 Cv:11 tirn, and in the end thC outsidC contacts “FL iquuCntly fourd or ctr- :t d b3 thC S. W. ThC S. J. cndCrvors to h 1n thC paticrt and his lenil3 sova scmC of thC socihl nni .nntionrl anblC *s which int rf 1 with his rCCOVCr3 or his adjistmcnt to disabilit3. 3.C hCips thC prti at t:: use to ~dv:-ntagc 211 cvc il bLI rCsourcCs in dis ling with thC socicl urobiCms which have .contrihuficd to thC illn ss or hnvC grown. Cup of it. The S. 1. n93 nCcd spCcinl *r in1ng in m dical iClds nd “LUd c kCCncr undcrstandinn of Doctor-P *1 nt rCl tionships ‘ of_c_rir in disCasCs and thCir physic:l Ind ns chrlogiCQl CTlgh tr. ;'1f 1 thods of handling (ph3sically rnd ant 113) cCrt in F ndic: ppCd pCoplC. This spCcially trainId b. N. is thC “Cdic: 1 Soci l IorkCr. Hc is Izh outgrowth of our age of specializ :tion. Cur cansidCr.tions' rt nraant arC h tqun tthc two alliod groups :nd our Social SCrvicc CommittCo is insttigcting thmo - ' VhCn difficulties arisC, thC S. N. can turn to other members of thC tcnn for PSSiStanCC and he does so freunntly CithCr to thC Psychiatrist or thC Physician. In a sense, thC 5. W. is a correlator of work and ideas ch usC he works morC with the prtiCnt in rel tion to his proposed futurc. Ho prdbtbly forms thC kCystonc of thC individual program more. His job is most important for without adequatC prepCration nd planning ahead rny rchabilitative gains Might bC of no av 11. In this future planning he may turn to thC Vocation.l CounSClor or CQMmittcC in our case. ' ' But let's talk of Vocrtional work anothCr ting. sincerely ‘/( L‘)>(\41€(g k? H.411. PmCroy, H. D. Sacrctary INGHAM COUNTY 71 REHABILITATION CENTER ( Ike-mos, Michigan Mm? .I'IJJn'w 215 anh “'aInut Strut”! Lansing, Michigan Pugust 22, 1953. To: Numbers of fdvisory Council Let us leave our program a MON(Ht and look in on tho hay Rooting of the National Sociuty for Grit ltd Childrcn and Idults - the Lester Scal campaigns. Thcir theme was "How To Do It". A fcw quotcs: (l) The opening rehabilitation discussant commentcd, ”Vcry imporo tant in planning any kind of c mrinity rehabilitation program is that you study your conmlnity in} give all thosc conctrncd an ade- quate Opportunity to participctc in planning." We in Ingham County arc trying to do this, yIt it is most difficult not to leaVI Somebody out. Thcrc is n: intentional oersight on our part. If you as a mtmbir havc contributing thCUfhtS, lct than bc known for this is our community prcnram. If you know anybody interested but not actively participating, l t his namc bu known. (2) Tho focal point of the Shclt-rcd Workshop Tonal was thc idca that a "Sheltered Norkshon is a hisincss, but a busincss whcro tho workcr is more important than tn, work". ”r. Alfrcd Schrson from Chicago comncntcd "\ur job is to provide work in shops for handicaoocd people who pct morc out of the job than a urckly paychcck. One can not conccivc of 3 shnltcrnd work- shop apart from th; fundancntel roal of rthabilitating handicapped g) oplc. Anything ClSL put b.foru that will modify th; goal.P (3) Ono of thc first Dconlc-on the staff of a Shclttrod Workshop, and one of thc most important, is a social workcr,zprcfcrably a: mcdical social workcr, who can inforprct doctors' rcports in rela- tion to tnc various abilitics of "CéSLS". ThLSL 9r. a few points to think about in rclztion to our propran. Q Sincbrcly, 7j/ ( ’) ’(')}w7~~4‘:7' map/gs R. w. Pancroy, n. D. J INGHAM COUNTY 72 REHABILITATION CENTER (anns,hfidfigm1 fiugust 29, 1953 ‘ Mai? Abbe-x: 315 North “31ml! gm.“ Lansing, Michigan To: Members of Advisory Council The Clinical Psychologist is the "‘lebeck" of our rehabilitative team as mental stimulation or motivation is one of our basic prob- lems 0 While some of our handicapped may be eager to regain their former self-sufficiency, many other: become markedly depressed. This is intensified in the aging when the family institutionalizes them and they believe it their last stop before death. This depression may be based on exaggeration or ignorance in rela- tion to their illness; loneliness and a StnSB of being lost in their new environment; or a gross sense of dependency perhaps .because society expects nothing, so he xives nothing. In the same sense, our patient's family . as trained by our society ~ may not only be aesrevrtina the patients' desendency and handicap, but by their lack of undirstanding may be warping their own future lives. with the dopmatic attitude that the handicapped is but a nuisance and a burden and can not be tolerated, a vicious circle is created. The Social Worker may appraise the problem and be of great assist- ance in untanglin: it, but the Clinical “sycholoaist is probabky the one who can delve in the deepest, analyse the problem in the kecnest sense and, if_fortunate, come up with a workable answer. This answer then is analyzod, torn apart and reconstructed by the team. The patient, the home, the vocation or work, the place of occupationo-wherever the chain is weak is strengthened until the patient is not only rehabilitated to as independent 3 state as possible, but has a p1:Ce to use and show his independency.‘ fore later, i / (i1’7 ‘., . I! )t- I" {{H / PIMP/8b ' .R. 1:. POTT'IBI'OY, ”a Do INGHAM COUNTY ’3 REHABILITATION CENTER Charms, Mit Iiignn September 5, 1953 .. . . . . Mav'I I1Ja'rcss: To: embers of Advisory deRCll 2‘l5“"h\thushwu In using Michigan Vocational Counseling for the handicapped demands a man of many virtues. He must have a creative, pro-r~ssive mind. fie must have a tolerant un- derstanding of individuals and society {Md the corposurc to deal smooth- ly yct caaIrly with both. it must have thu patience to spend with the handicrpntd iniiViduel to glean from him pointed thoughts regarding his likes and dislikes, his abilities and disabilities, and then help this individual balance thes: against the practicalities of society to weave a new way of life. He m y work "hcpos " into "hobbits or "hobbies“ into a profitable Lntcrprise. A He must, also, have a kCun prrctical sense of values from the viewpoint .of thr,tusincss man and bt {olt t: analyst nIt only_thc patient in vice of whr‘ he can do, but I tusin.ss in thu. llr: :t of whrt thay can offers Too often, this latter vi uptjnt is not seen; Tf any guiding personal- ity in this program is thc two-hzedcd goddess, it is the Vocational Counselor. His Job is to crca to so cth;nI out of nothing} It requires close Cooperation with the pa tiInt :.nd rtaard ior his future: We are trying to look at thric possible oxtlcts for his problems - Th: Womcbound pro- gram; The Sheltered workshop, and private business and indEStry. The Vocational Counselor must look at the orOblcn not only with the eyes and heart of the patient but from the cold practical standpoint of life itself - "Is this patient best considered as a Homebound'where transportation and ambulation Dre not a problen3-Is he capable of limid ted traveling, but working u:der nondprIssure conditions, such as the picccwork of a Sheltered krkshop or (ooduill Industries; or is there & place in private enterprise for him that will not further hzndicap him nor the businessv" Where is his best niche or usefulness? With youth, he must have the foresirht to justly picture that _ handicappci child in a ru; god adult society without the aid of "crippled childrin! groups, jAs kitt as gnmtinto cats, so children are chntua faccd unth the hard competitizt life of adulthood. The J.C. must help them 10T€SLL this and prepare i'or it with a balanced philosophy. It is a difficult field and one which demands an artist in human rela- tiOMc Think it ovtrt Sincerely,- (XII: I I “I” RJP/gb Ro' We" Pmcroy, In. Do .INGHAM COUNTY 7" REHABILITATION CENTER Okcmos, IN Iichigan .‘I -:.’ .LLlrmu 9"; “ (2h Walnut SIN-ct SeptC-mbbr 12, 1953 1.;12 IIIR. NIid‘Iigun To: chbvrs of the Idvisory Council October 20, 1953, finds Infham County guest to an important Rehabilitation personage; "oward I. Rusk, 5.3., wdll be the guest sneaker at an open dinner mouting of the Tngham County fledical Jociety. Doctor Rusk is dirnCtor of the lnstituto of Vhysical Medicine and Rehabilitation of the Pew York UnivIrsity-erlvua Ecdioal Contcr. ' {It was during Vorld War I? that Doctor Rusk first gaincd attention, when _as chirf of the Irmy ;ir Poross Convaloscent Sorviccs Division, he * shortened hospitslizativn time and cut rclcaso 25% b} instituting a re- habilitation nrogran which startnd when the paticnt was able to do simple bed oxerciS(s and uniod in ccnpati‘ivc Sports. ' NC rLCcntly was nrm.d 1952 winncr of the 11o,ooo 3r. C.C. Criss Award establishci to hcnor outstanding contributions to tho-fitld of health and safety. Tho 1951 winnors WurL at. b. C. Kendall, biochemist, and Dr. P.S. Hench, whose joint Lfforts 12d to tho dcvcloomcnt ani use of Cortisono for rheumztoid arthritis. Thc rvrning prCfilsis to be not only a profitzblc one but cntcrteining for Doctor Rusk is wcll known for his vcrsatility as a sneaker. It should be informative to lzy an“ medical and will undoubtcdly be a milrstonc mout- if; for our Rchabilitation program and for tho ptoplc of ingham County. Plans call for a dinnrr matting in tho OldsdHotcl Ballroom at 6:30, Dctobcr 20, 1953. Thc tiCkLtS available for our council and other volun- tcer and interested lay personnel arc being sponsorcd by an cnthusiastic group of local erchants who beI that the meeting is so important that finances should not bc a problem. Tickcts are limitcd with only.250 to be handlod by ths Rahabilitation Center so rcscrvations must bc made early. Tlcasc call Doctor Swartz, office phonc h4bh53 now for your 'tickzts as it is a casc of "first comc, first achCd". Sincerely, 13‘ _ ) 7f. N." w’Mfl-‘N‘I {LIP/Pb R. W. _Pom(:r0‘y, :1. Do I INGHAM COUNTY ' 75 REHABILITATION CENTER Ohms, hutlligfln I Mail Address: 2!? North Walnut Street L'msing. Michigan Octrtef 29 3753 To: Council Members The Dctcber 2lth hcdical Society meeting which was Owen to the community .as a joint Ftiical Society-Rehabilitation Center W efinc will Drobahly-be re- garded as a milestone for both organizations. ”he Doctors were pleased to'bo able to share such a.RCen sneaker with the beamsnity and the rehavilftaticn”“ Center Enfbcrfrrs were in many cases Carried away by the dignified poise of, Dr. Rusk and his most notent presentation. ‘fill I am sure were stimulated. A few of us shudder at the nonchalance with which Dr. Swartz invited him back in three years to see Our progress and the quickness with which he accepted. Dr. Rusk was serious, I know, for when later I hade'hifi’"good~bye" he said he hOped to see us again beforo'three ;ears" fron now. Tho'gauntlet has been flung ani the challenge accepted. It is our job to carry through. The brief afternoon meeting between Dr. husk, the ExeCutive 00mmittee and some of the co mittee chairmen and Center participants had its Own noints of interest. He briefed us on the work they wore doing with wards of the County at Goldwater,in'NlY. and left the encouraging word that 20% of the first group worked with had been discharged. Furthermore, a Sun of . $70,000 was saved the.@ounty"that year by discharge or renlacement in cheaper and more efficient facilities. He, also, outlined his ideas on care and hos- pitalization. Ne nointei out that more and blrier buildinls are not the answer. Instead, he suggeSted hotter personal cleconent of the indiViduala in a homo, nursing home or hcsnital, depending uoon their needs, and the rehabilitation work to retirn to society as many as possible in a pOSition not so dependent noon governnen aunhort. The future is fascinating, yet swesome, when “no conSidcrs‘how much has to be done. Details of our nrogress will be reported as we move along. Sincerely, I I ' ) . l‘ ‘1’. f. /) ‘t , )-'\i.‘\—" I.’ r" ' R.“ 1",. Pomeroy, Ho- [2. Secretary INGHAM COUNTY 76 REHABILITATION CENTER OLcmm, Mithigan Mail Address: 2” North \Vnhmt Snort Lansing, Mulligan Nowember 9, 1953 TO: EEMBTRS OF THE ADVISORY COUNCIL Vith this letter another step forward has been made. All previous letters have been typed, mimeographcd and mailed through volunteer help, but now this and all others will be handled completely at the Ingham County Hospital. and Rehabilitation Center. miss Carolyn Sullivan is starting on the typing Rey Abel and others will run the machine and "stuff" the envelOpes for mailing. Tnc Meuical Assistants Society of Lansing through their volunteers will be supervising the mimeographing and guiding the uork on this letter, the "Cheeriocical" and. other miscellaneous material they put out from time to time. I am sure they will all enjoy the work and we shall certainly appreciate having them do it.- Past letters have covered the general problem of Rehabilitation and Chronic Illness, the concept of theu"Tcaa" 6L0 brief discussions regarding the units of the team, such as Physical Therapy, Cccupetional Therapy, the Social Worker, the Clinical Fsyonologist and the Vocational Couu3clor.. The next few will cover other team members including the nurses and Special fields, such as speech and hearing after Jenusry 1. Va are also going.to.5ive you more detailed ~repert5 or committee.prcgress on apegiel-rcucetlon, Sheltered ‘WorKsnop, vocational Counscling cud.others.x.lnters ersec sill ' be timely reports of talks or articles in relation 0 our problems.. Sincerely,, litre/{AMA .W. ifs/(.9441, by, Richard III. Pomeroy. / erzcs Secretary / INGHAM COUNTY 77 REHABILITATION CENTER Ola-mus. Midnigan Hail 'i..’..'!c:>: - I; N In}1 “’nlnut Smut Luring. SiIJnum November 25, l953 To: Mentors of the Advisory Council: The "COntlLtEb" opproach to departmental and sectional development of our organization seems to be confusing to many. Sons feel that we are worning backwards with "volunteer help” before we are ready fer-it.7‘ ' ' Rehabilitation, we all agree, is a community problem for it encompasses many fielis aside from the medical: The social, the educctiofial, the emotional, the economic life in a community, business in various forms, job work, life in the home, life on the street, any place with other p ople in the community. This. is the problem that rehetilitation tackles in relation to the ,hendicapyed: the physicul, sociological and economic stabilize- tion of an individual. In trying to fieVelop a rehabilitation program, we are attempting to do it as a community project, making the best use of community resources, individual . To tie individuals and representatives of organizations into committees whose function is to organize and develoy the various departments or to in- vestigate end recommend in reletion to the various facets of 3 pr ogrem is not rew. Itnny be new in this field on as large a scale as we are attempting it but not as individual projects. ‘hcn organized end functioning and the human element of volunteer time is no longer feasible to maintain a "gains" program, hired person- nel will replace the committee and they will fell back to an advisory capacity. The committees will function in the_investiga- tion, organization and early growth but later will be purely aiviscry. 'Tne letters to follow after the first of the year will cover tne program progress to date of the various committees, so our 'hole council will be informed as the program grows. Enclosed with this letter is a brief Speech speech recently given by Br. Douglas Fryer. Director of the'Inghen.County Health lcpsrtnent. It MOS given to the "Journal “lub”, & local group rt doctors, at their September meeting as a port of a general discussion on rehabilitation. It should be of interest to you. Sincerely, z'fi I r /’ '/ . ' /‘)' 7/1,! {.'/',.’40 .'/ L"r:cs R. W. Pomeroy, M. D 78 REHABILITATION A PUBLIC HEALTH PROGRAM Douglas H3 FryGI‘. M. I“ int-Vs Ech4bili ation means different things to d'f ferent people. To tne nutritionist, it means the restoration c1‘ health through nipplementution of an inadequate diet; to the Jocaational teacher, it ceans training he hez1dicapped person for employment; to the brace maker, it means the fitting of a prosthetic appliance. To us'(us medical men) es it does to an increasing number of workers. in the health field,‘it 21eans the physical, mental, social and ' uz1eneVer pcssible, vocation11 adjustment of an individual who has been- disabled by illness or injiryO *** ' lt he: be-; -n stated that a health program becomes one of public interest. when it can no longer be solved by the unassiSted efforts oftthe ine1~iU1el and tIW1 urcoordinetedhresources of the community. A rehetili1 tation piogran ob-Vi euSly regiires community action and 'shoald tiere’cre,,be a matte1“ of“ concern to all. Furtlermore, the disabled person. ,uSually has had a long illness. His resources have been exhausted and the long slow rend beck was an expensive journey. l‘nus, rehabilitation becomes essentialhy a community i‘unc tion requir- ing‘the.comb1ned et‘ert) o.f all available f 1cil ities and personnel. The exact number 0: p60p11; who could immediately benefit from rehabilitation services is unknown and only recently have we begun 'to re: line how mubh disability exists, We do know, however, that ' the Spectacular medical end public health successes of the recent 'past have made possible the surV1val of ma ny people with disabilities of vary'ing -degree. .‘ ~. . _ ***' ‘ "' ‘ 'L - ‘1» Our heapital beds throughout the country are being increasingly filled t1th chronically ill patients. This constitutes one reason why the nimber of beds available for the acutely i‘.l is inadequate. Sayenty-Iive years ago, chronic diseases caused l/lSth of all ‘ deaths, whereas they are now responsible :for as many as B/hths. Sue Histics alone tell only a part of the story. The long term toll ofachronic illness andsuffering and disrupted homes- constitutes the real traredy 9ft;he situation. In addition, the staggering cost of chronic diseases to the community and the nation depletes our re— 'sources of man powEr and money. and the. loss of earning power by -the incapacitated 1hcreases the total costL to billiphs of dollars *annUally. x ,1 “ ““”‘ 1«T -J ..,_ 1. ' I . e , - ., «I 3' :~ ‘ ,, 1’. _ ' ' " " n I ’ . o - - . g ‘ .. 0 J . .‘ 79 " -112- 5*f* .Kahy of these handicapped individuals have1residual capacities that can be developed dr est lunétions for whieh su_bstitutions can E: made thrc1;h retrai5ing or prosthetic applianees. .Mony can be 1au5r1tIto appr1,ciate their remaining abilities and to- live. within trem Many can be brought to the level of self help and even self— 3”; ‘01Uo' ,*** Swat gen ral1rihciples of rehabilifsiitn .33 he applied to each group 1; true tm. the dete il:d ieohnngues mil; vary 'reatlv in thei:§£pplinations .fo veriois ages and to diiiorent ornd1t~1 C18 and varied social groups. Egon person 13,1-1111131 _p:ohlem) although the method cf- approach is~the same;in all. ”*1* .T he patient mist understand that is being planned. “Vituout,his full‘cooperati1 on the program will not be effective. The avenage patientaill not cooperate fully unless he understands what lies be_fcre n11 gzxd what is being planned for him. For this 1eason, groip tre1n11g es great valleI since one patient en011r ages the Iothe r. ' ’ _**.* Cine must tcgi n mi.th simple thinbs. The pa tient must fret learn to Live wi*h linself. He hey he a nest tonp1et lv d1sa‘lé1,-;to turn over. 1n bed with31t aid is supremely import .1t. It is his f1rst lessrn.‘ .Rusn has analyzed the miltiple a'tivifies of dazly living, sul tign 1:: a chart of'aver one hundred items, such as ?-1‘_-"1=::‘1‘.in:_; _ nt_t€efl. mash11g, the face, combing the hair h,ttlrv 1* or oed, 1’) going to the 30 161, dress sing oneSelf,1eediLQ wit 3311 £16; gctiing up and dcw; 3'mtirsI, et ceterfl. Each test is cheeled off as the skill"s Prolirei 1he tri nphof achievement 0: u perap olegic who has teen a helpless invalid for years and learns to do each and everyone of these hinge is IQne of the greateSt of all human satisfactions, In some cases thi3 is the limit of rehabilitation, yet the gain is BVnaehu. . . 2W Many peozle pla 1y 3 part omet imx-s di rectly and sometimes in directly Fh‘hclpi ng the disabiei the k t wsrd normalcy, A friendly n'zrs( i siting a ledridden arthritic person in the home actually 13 {remoti1z restoratiéh by her cheerfllnes endoptimism. A nurse or social w r1er wr.ose hachiedgt of communi y resources permits her to trihg'nLeded Medical services to a chronically ill welfare patient is "ihv rveh to restore finction, The private pf1ysiqian who rev erri1ts limited excerilses fcb his cardi ad patient is an impor ant m h 11 of +19 team. ‘ -3... *** 1 But this is the provision of the restorative strvices in a disorganized and unsystemiz ed fashion. ‘Eacn service is beneficial in itself, but much moregis required. Coimunity organization is necessary. 'A type of octmunit' organization that enlists and uses ry service of eVerya agency and every person 110 ca an contribute to *:he maximum develOpment in tie disabled of their residual cape-citie.s for more sa+isfying living. .y :e . . _ up _ ‘1' .1 '.' v . - r **». - 1].... - z; , ‘ \— ‘ V. '_-' ) t There are seven r.{jor phases in tr e provision of a total ree nabilitation in a community, all of vhich fOllow vell established patterns. The firstAp.Lse in th. restoratiOnoof function is case finding. Ineteed of limiting tze searc to those suffering from Scarlet fev»r, diptheria, pelionyelitis znd rhumatic fever, attention must be dirtérnd as well to arthritics and eardiucs, the blind,-thee "“ deal, the per lyzed and the deformed. ,,, p ' ' ? H, y 1.- .‘ 4-’ ., *** , 33':x1 ._ 5- a , -t;. —. The second ph€:SC is the provisionof diagnostic'facilities toi‘ deternine the neture and extent ofjlost physical and cental function and to evaluate [Hot ntie l residuzl abilities. The die ‘nosis must be translated into terms of impaired function and the ability of the " puti nt to adapt himself to his limitations, his emotional: reactions to his disability, his past employme t and his hopes for the future mist be determined. ' *** The third phase is the vritinv’ of the rehabilitation pre—. scription, the plan of serviCes to be provided. It should include the regime of physiotherapy, occupational therap ; psychotherapy, diet, rest and exercisCWrequired for the restoration of Specific functions that hzve b -en lost or the dCVClOp’ ent of others t01replace them.. Social and vocational heads must be considered as walla as ‘1 the physical and mental. This pie n of action can only be outlined ,m.v by a tecmin the indicated fields under the SuerVilena of a clinician. 0|! I tra ined in rehabilitation. *yv.;,d ‘ . » _ 1.. ' I ‘ o ‘ a *** The fourth phzse involves the filling of the prescription. This is fill d‘by physicians, therapists, social workers, nurses, nutritionists,-counselors, vocational te ech.ers. ~,=;j, “f ' . . ' - C s . ~ ' . 9' . . I "' ' V ' .- *** ;. = 9-’. .--1 ’ ‘ -r1- -7 ' . -. “' I . - ' . .. . a. ‘ A ' u . . Ev. . . . .5- ‘ ‘ .‘ The fifth chase, vocational training, involves the sharpening of existing occupationl skills on .the d€Velolnent-of new Ones, taking into consideration the abilities‘ahd previous eXperienCes 7, . of a patient so that training may be directed into preper channels. ;;.. I118 training .can be starte d advantageously in the hQSpital and ' -~ . continued in the home, conValescentainst‘tutions the sheltered wor+shop or on the job, itself depending upon the degree of work tolerance which has been developed. Such a program demands the abili ity of many Community resources whic at present are too frequently inadeouete. 81 31.“ *** -- Tr1 siXth"hhse-— ob plzc we nt 19 the ultimate aim of a voc.tionnl r1n1c1l tet1011 progrm1 1 Ho1-".cr, there can be no great Succ{95 1h tr1is urea unless empl9yere, personnel managers, industrial- r159101 he and labor unions are rtujy ind villing to gravid: jobs rrr the In hdicappcd.- It has chn ccnvincingly dtnor strated that r1~ hahilitated people make Snlc, st11uy and prod ctive_worxcrs. *** The seventh pm ese is case follow—up; This involv;s the acintLHCHCc 01 a health record for each rehabilitc tion patient‘ the cvisic1 of continuous me diorle 13;rvisi on and most important, eon-v t1nuous (Lc91119c1cnt 1r order to help 'him to rena in at t1o peak of his level on ‘~:“91-ncnt. The patient, hi: self has to work hard at it butxhe needs 11 the swlp ort he can get. *** . 191cc.:;:m t “.e hun1r1t.11 n -1Sults the bene-fits to the community cu} 91c;»zsed d1p1ncc1c1 o: the flisztled must be stressed. The emf-Lit'ce of‘ tharFfi cerul cnd,L tute Vucutional Rah..bil;t;tiOn {"0111re-h29‘si n that even dissblcj parscns in tr e older age groups cun cecoc< ix. ‘ =r£ent . 5e czrz+ro if they are given1the proper cer11Ces. 12-175-, t;1.e‘cfignciuo btlb survives'to 12.h19, ages L5 t1 ch Chi 931 Cver C5.‘ Prior co'r1"H‘litcc en, tvo~third9 .of this qrtaL brt UurmplC"i ‘hi‘t r r1h1bili 1 ti9n, the average v ackly eirn- ihr.‘ of the as to on age ngUp mmcr about 335. ad :ng 0v r the 65 gr91p ;.w1tfe¢o,to.'~lro' pnat‘ezperien01 I‘c r (fitr*.ooll&r Spent by the F11crzl Eov rnmeht on his ~ehctillcition the evernge disabled person w1:l pm3 $10 CO in Federal Incon: W3e2;1 \itnout ren111litut1on,7e. 1;;2 fled person frecuently b1roctb e ’piblic liability-ft an annual .' Cuut of bctWeen p350. 03 1nd R;;.CO, h re1é each success ul reEu51-'m 11 t t1i on aese co9ts approx: natclfi Ceéo CO in a onL- ~timc L9prnditure. (This' ITVCITIU.’ f1 3 Jre QC. é? bLz lO‘u-‘Q ) ; ' ‘ . .' ' ,3. . . .1 ‘1. * ’3 .. l ' '***' All ofthia requires intinité p1t1ence, undeastendin Skilled pereonnel, adeque' te facilitiezs and finer ciel. Support.' Rehabilitation is expensive but the results secured r£9resents u very profitable com- munity- inveStment. It is the bee t eXar.le1wc;hove of the value of coordinating all of our efforts. 1dcp1o1cnt :himself, his nurse, and his physici: n, labor organizations, industry insurance companies, officiul and voluntary health {gencics all contribute to making the program a success. 82 APPENDIX VI lllII II . . I I I III?! I‘ W oaam II _ no: M Mdendom m _ upu noanm _ 039m f M a 086m .Hubaou . M . unaunnz W nonHan mszpom.-; gonmomwm .. . nonmmmmm HonMOHOHoomfdfi. ,.o:cm .whnm II M nopcmmom. _IV._ .gonmmmmm Hanoi??? _. HHSGOHBQQ. ImmwmmnHQ thwmmmw_ In." I“! A on MES. 53%.. i.‘ a... p'. ID mmmpaHano Hoccomhmm I :oHpmcscm pHso< I . 2mg you meox I mfiHmmSHoo 50> I . ~~- ---._ ~m.~ — ', Handgun.” made pawn #23899 IIII -_ H.833... 8.3 HQ.— 8529 a . I‘ll, .iII IVIII rmoHoman HmGOHpmoop III’II: ‘.‘|.: I“ -. I! IIII ._ *I HopothQ HmoHommI . 2.0HmmbH: mmombmmm H¢20HHI - .. LoopczHo> I h .. .mmmpuHEEUD . HHoufioo Ihgomecq :VI" I i - . 'I‘r O‘IIIIII I. III? I iu‘t‘l‘l‘IlI I’DII. 3393583 €35 .’IIIIIII'I.OI III...‘ 'I.!I"l. m M III4..I.1.I..III I-..“ IIIIL whupoouHQ mo @Hmom . KMHZMO HUHH¢HHHHK¢IHm ’ ' JO, \I.Q Q dwlI JHCH Iflr—ELtk .H...r\. -"1I.:!1Ia‘v.ll.l.npo4uw 28339 809%... $33... . a. vmpptwnfiu .d H xuomH...v< HmLonwouohH 8:5 EHSH I _. M ,. rIIIIIIpIIII. 1...... .. . ....... . II. II I-.. HMSmmE 2 B 5 ....: ~ mocmxpo m monmxuox W w lebwumhuo m _ --vapaHmem - M 0mm” “I n.-. MWIOIWWDIJHUIIM . .. .rPIanU, II. n H QWOIWI... . _ _ . . .II. JII. m>hwm .oom“ H moan; .uHHo . 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' .I‘II .3!- !! lilo“ O I. 2 III-Iv? \AXIII . /. .. )1....'l- SI“. \. 8h Ifl-LJJZ'I-Tlm' 3:151] BU,'I'-E:€o9 Ra .No ASS-to Ed: Car0137.‘.’l Sullivan ~“i‘”? 33m; thhham Art Ed: Nina Ketchum “- j taxed; in the tlaeh earth can It is just a year since Nina get- 5‘7 i4?” 5V”: seauthul 30368. chum came to be our Occupational if}. 1;: .jg..'I'-;‘ . 131:8 heart of man ’I'i'I.;—.;v7{-pi,3i; and shear- 1.15 with her 'ezoi; in its leng journey toward infectious personality. As a kind the stars?” of reminiscent memorial we have asked her to be Guest Editor with *************** her: :irttday greetings to April's "Evolution of a Quilt" "elebvasts; Martin Mcnleer, Julia prayer. RaynoriN0ion, Joe Douglas, A ygar ago in.March 1953, I began ~"3Z1f3. 'l‘iaver, Hiram Shafer, Ignace work at Ingham County Hospital and fig and Lyman Jcnhs. well I remember that first morning. _, . , I first made rounds with Supervisor *i**‘******‘*** Bates and was instructed by her and Dr. Reynolds to interest the Talutations to Fern Kessler of our patients in handiwork and take :taff and t0 30b Butcher VERY their minds off themselves. So, it ’TfifiiAL WISHES on a guy‘s was with a prayer in my heart and ‘flXTEENTH birthday. Many, many determined to do my best, though Imre of 'em Bob--~happy ones: quahing with fear that I began. All I found to WJrK with was much of *************** nothing. Then Nurse Cynthia Smith contributed a quilttop. Mrs. Bates lbs BIG EVTNT of the MONTH was found cotton. Mrs. Butcher gave up i'£Kl§.D§X3 APfOl 15, 195% Will be a sheet for lining and we were on ‘:day long remembered by Peck and our way. The work room yielded -‘ no 3y us. Peck was honored with a clamps, the store room four pieces IWHWY Sponsored by the Michigan of lumber. The first women were ‘mdical Assistants' Society as a dubious but willing, so, Julia Irlbute to her unfailing faithful- Maurer, Irene Jennins, Margaret Tar I988 and help and encouragement ha and Eva Samson began. Thr room '0 fellow patients throughout her filled with Kibitizers and we visit Iifteen years sojourn here. The ed like mad. Pooh was recommended lngham County Volunteer Bureau to me for information, she having bonferred on her an Honor Certifi- been here for a number of years. ate and "V" pin which were pre- Through her I learned the patient's (ented by Mrs. James Conway of the names and their capabilities. We ‘rganization. She was also pre- tied the quilt: Peck bound it and fented a beautiful gift by the believe it or not we sold it! This iIJ-Chié'fian Medical Assistants' girls was the first money we had in our .um many personal gifts from them 0, T. fund ; From this grew the fan from friends who know and love means of purchasing needed materials Ier.(hu‘"Pech" had a huge sign until the Rehabilitation Program fiberlhn'bed proclaiming "PFCK'S began in the Fall. Looking over that EUW“. She wore a silver crown on year I DCliGVa we have carved a ter Pretty red head and a lovely niche in the road of occupational “Orsage of roses and carnations and diversional therapy. I"e have trcm'Fmily and Bob Ridenour. Two been grateful for gifts of thread, weautiful boquets were in evidence.looms figurines from Organizations 'bmen patients were guests and and individuals.. From our humble .refreshments were served. No 9§§_ beginnings the patients are now . Eflflgggserved such tribute—more! daily painting, embroidering, dOing ‘ ' ' leather tooling, making belts ano if. M; A. S. girls of the party bill olds, copper placques, loop *flommittee were Rlvie Tretheway, holders, bath mats, aprons, toys Nora.?3t”rson. Doris Jarred, Dorr of all Kinds, shopping bags, almost Qlugrin, Arlene Penner, Jerry Whit-everything in the handicraft line. iord, Thelma DOW and Ruth Warren. For some we have the faithful Medical Assistants, the Red Cross, The Junior League, Miss Zimmerman, Mr. Face and Doctor Fink all doing fine theraputic work. . *************** 1’ A 1.0 t . n. u . . u . ~ A . v n . . .. y . , a . u . . C l h t O I ~ . . u s . . 1, . . . r I .. .V. . o o. . . O I v I u p u I. a . I c I on 1 ' ’ in ‘ ' n . V .1. . o u . .0 .o . . u . a u v . . u . . a. u . . 0.. . . V I O s n . . : . . o . 4 l u . o . .. . . V .0: . . .l u! c o . . . . . ,. v . . . . .. -. . .1. . u . .. . . v _, I . . . 1. . . . .0 in) .... . .c i ,A . . .a u. . u . (n. . . . . . l l _ . . . .I ... .r ,u . an . . t . . . . c . . o I . r . .o F t o J u .- .4. . .1. . . . I v . . . .. o u , I. ’7. . a. o u . . u a n \ n a . . . . . . \ v ... . . . . . c . . . a A . . 1 . .o . .1 . . : . n t .I . a o O .0 ‘ c‘ . . r, .. o u . . . c .- u. . . .I o . n a u . . .n p . o n C * u . ' I u .n . v.3 . .v u D I ,.. . , :01. .3 b. . . . ‘ . u u: at. a .. ... . o J . . . < u . o . . . . . a . o u. n a‘ . a .Q. . . .I . u . u. . . . r J . n. — .. . . ' .‘ . t n . I a I u. .. . o . I. Q . . I t o d I I o . u . c c . . . c . . . .I I I u .. u! .0 . ' U . n o . I n . 3 to . O » 4.; l ‘4 ~ - c . . . ‘ - . a . . - . C . . n 0 ¢ . . I o a . a ’1 O: o . u A D 9 a s . . .. . . . , u D n D u . . n I h I . . A a . \ v C i a- c. ! '-." {'1 T: (‘4 .J. \.-' - l. a ' ;- "..- ‘-_- 0- -‘ Qt: “ — .‘v ’7‘ ,2 ‘1 ,. - J.» .- .4." 1'“ -_. ' .’, le.w .came «o ouf Qlixtnal i t- ' -]‘ _ '. N 4T ' '1 "y r~ (a '. _ f‘! ,r\ ' ~, 3 T 1 3" a ”‘ dwaw‘ Jv‘ 1;: J . “\. ._ c 2,. .y ‘_, ..\ n. '. ' - .' '. ..~ ‘. \ (A.- :ri. ‘2 ‘1. - .‘13‘ f ’. . “‘ - 'rr <~ ~- » r“ -" a .. ‘ .. . '.' l.\.J.-. Q». A .-. . r. P N 3 .-_. ' L--U q , , ._ ..,1,,.',. \; 1. t. < ,I \k k+flv kfisnr '.-' 1 — - . -'~ ° 3' 3 J c u we "wookd r . ,. . . .- _r_ p, . l. .' ‘ " q a” U '1 S i ' ' r" r ;\ H. ,_. ‘ 1 w‘ (. .. I K.- "'. in.) 1 ‘ V‘ I ) ~: . 3 I . " _\ _ . r ' r ’ l hi3 . , ., , l ' ,|-' 1 ‘4. \ < LK ‘ "' v ~ ' ’j r 4" .r\ \J Q ~. 'f') :3 In. - a - A I}... " . '. '-'.' IL,- ‘>.'» OJ. ix: HIS}. LCD. 5 TVA/U ‘C -'\ ' -'r- 4” w, '11 - , ,‘ ,,—\_ r» J‘ r t". ".4 “ A, *1: ~‘ 1. c- - i u. \fk . ' I Q U l O u":- V b.1- J ’1 C - ’11 ~. - r.‘ ~» ,--- .»— *LVu ‘...L.L)D i)‘.' J r r ’{Ii'"‘f.'\' 37‘"). n v ""1’"IC‘T§' E/ T) ITmI T" "“(umfi . 9:... ( .11 a) .1. iii.- .. L .i- LL; TL "‘- f‘T" T’Ofln H I-) [it Li -L/ J" I: _ 'w‘ “H Kenn ' 70 (”WWW-1 n Eva-w r‘ 1'3 "MLQ‘ .' bx..i.1x‘; .L J in...>'t lltui cl ..J_L'U_L63 bla‘k dog 3 ~ ' " . - -. '- r \ r: x V ‘I — '1 1 . r ,1 o " sl.ac0ly wflu curly like mine, 1"" ’ _;_ -~.»/- . .—\ ‘ ‘ r\ r\ f _ r‘~ \ '.tn two Silken ears and nose round and wet, PhD eyes, brown and tender that shine. Iw.sure if Fe had that that little black dog hww right from the first He was God. ‘6 needed no proof that Christ was divine, the ground trod. an I fear that He hadn't because I lbw le Whence have read wept in the Garden alone all of His friends and disciples had fled, EVen Peter, the one called a ”stone". hm, Oh, I am sure that that little black dog W 11th true heart so tender and warm Wflfld never have left Him to suffer alone But creeping right under His arm dould have licked those dear fingers fourth fingers do in agony claSped -Mm counting all favors but loss Would h ave trotted behind when they took Him away *nd followed Him.right to the Gross- Elizabeth Reynolds *************a* JOhnnie Kleister has started his woven rug and his arthritic a beautiful job. *************** "Mostof the shadows of this life are caused by stand' ' ‘ . in in our w sunshine." g 0 n hrs Sanger, rith Nina Ketchum as ., r»,'/‘.,\_ .'° ..-\ . J. .‘ ”3' '_ ,,_ ., stir qfl' was .dré. irsr..dseel~ , .. . r“. J. _, .'.,.. --.. in - p lens .0 WLFIU the new ?;il'tc Lb”: ifii ‘ti': :‘“.:r>. *iwmkr*»xw p%.*** tha+ls ii; 3_n:'= .hrn’tz n— . L ‘ - 3,. n In an apartment building in a ' , " , " ". . - ,". r 4 ". .- B MC .r-.L fT._L a .Lf)..'..--'_-'-1 1): _ .39.- i .. L-3_-‘-~h had Pengj, “.thb ari Rollie “:“‘ GS '. 'U In ‘T, ’n'c: at). ‘ J u.ie rm ,“ “urn - - _,,.\ i _ , ngufl x ‘pyfiu ‘VJ H Jun _‘ and _ '. T . , ‘. - 1 ,.. ., 'v'- :51 . .1.) -16.": Si).’-'j Silt/U KJ/Jj. Ii. fi’S .4.) '3'! r \J \7 3 113111 . ***s***$******* ,T . 17.. .. 3L. . .L' f -. ‘ ‘ ‘ . haw patien.s on third floor include - I, Tr: ,, u, r r \-, 'rfi’ " .' .. Ffdrn uwvr.sk. Albert niilObt and Rrark Walker. *mss*s****s*s*** Clara Woclhouse?s son, Jim -all the way from Traverse City bearing fruit, flowers, candy and a big smile. The visit was a surprise to "Mom". *******$%****** 85 came ’ We had a flying and all too brief visit from our old nurse Cynthia Smith, who has gone back to her home in Lake Odessa. ***********sw** Four infintestimal balls of fur, three grey and one tri-colored kittens are trotting about in the yard worrying beautiful Laddie who is "dogged" if he knows the meaning of all the small weird noises that come from their tiny mouths. . ************xa* Mable Hooper of Lansing has come to live in the west ward on second floor. *************** Nurse Martha McComb was a proud and happy mother on Saturday, April 17, when her lovely dark— eyed daughter Emma Jean spoke her marriage vows to Eddie Smith in a beautiful candle light ceremony at the Valley Farms Bap~ tist Church. And dainty, blonde, Marcia Lee, the bride's small sister was an adorable ring—bearer. *************** an Austin’s big smile is as ready and cheerful as ever. *************** .~.. I O C 1.: ) C (. _-w-“—m “r. so.” Mamie Manville's new permanent got admiring approval from her daughter Ma garet and Dr. Brake who drove up from Detroit for a premFaster visit. *a************* Nancy Trower had Easter company too, her sister, neice and her nephew from Terre Haute, Indiana, motored here to visit her. *********s***** Having given you Flizabeth Rey— nold‘s touching and beautiful poem, we now go from the sublime to the ridiculous and present a wacky number we heard read over W. J. 1. kilo: "ART" The hen remarked to the mooley cow As she cackled her daily lay, (That is the hen cackled) "It's funny how I‘m good for an egg a day. I'm a fool to do it, for what do I get? My food and my lodging. My! But the poodle gets that—~he's the household pet And he never has laid a single egg yet-—-—- Not even when eggs were high." The mooley cow remarked to the hen, ”As she masticated her cud, (That is, the cow did), "Well, what then? You quit and your name is mud. I’m good for eight gallons of milk a day, And I'm given my stable and grub: But the parrot gets that much, anyway---- All she can gobble--—and what does she pa y? Not a dribble of milk, the dub: But the hired man remarked to the pair, "You get all that's coming to you. The pdddle does tricks and the parrot can swear Which is better than you can do. You're necessary, but what's the use? Of bewailing your daily part? You're bourgeois—-work's your only excuse; What them fellers does is ARTI" Anonymous. *************** Mrs. Louise Brown and Miss Ruby Doyle of Flint drove over Easter Sunda y to visit Carolyn Sullivan. *************** Us ._ m ‘01} e 3. Belle Hall and Addie Redford were reo plants of lovely I'"a,:.'~“~ster Lily plaris from Central Manned» ist Church of Lansing. **a*a************* Troop 2t of the East Lansing Gfrl Scouts brought us the cutest’ Easter Eggs painted with ergrgfrg faces and togged in bits of finery ( the eggs, we mearfi. artistic work was done by in: girls and each gave them t: up with her own smile, so——~-#hetks to Susan Whitehead, Beth Eu; heir ster, Carol Skolton, Mary Leu " Gillengarten, Nancy Davis, Karen Knoblach, Beverly Schmidt; Hay Roberts, Bonnie Erwin, Mary Wagonforth, Patty Setterbee, Mary Stetson, Cathie Finley, Maiityn Luce, Pan Ramsay and Scoui ander Mrs. Ingersoll. We enjoyed the singing toe and the beautiful Scout Pledge. r1! ,. ***********$******* The menfolk have painted and are setting up on our spacious, beautiful grounds,.the benches, so now, we can sit outdoors and sniff and look and enjoy this "great,-wide, wonderful, beautiful world." *************x****** Our Spiritual Thought for the month is from Rev. Frank Hawthorne of St Paul Episcopal Church of Lansing: "Jesus said "Let not your heart be troubled," but it is difficult not to let ourselves be troubled sometimes. W eknow, in a way how much we fail each of us and it often seems that Fate has struck us a hard blow. Richard vfright says, "Whatever adversity. we suffer for Christ’s sake give us a chance to draw closer to Him who knows suffering intimately. We draw closer to Him by offering our pain to Him. It may be mental pain. It may be physical pain. "This suffering offer to Him. True love is compassionate. I-’"e can suffer not only with.Him but all His children who know suffering. God has caused a new light to shine in our hearts, in spite of trials and troubles. He has given us the mystery of the Word made flesh, Jesus Christ the Son of the Father. A great English writer puts it this way: "Increase my courage, Lord: I'll bear the cross, endure the pain, Supported by Thy word." ******************* Is ' O o a . .. he . . O . ‘ . . . .5 . Q. \l .. I x. c . . I l I . c . . . . I z | . c I» , s ‘ O .' . A . . . .. I .s I . . u. u . C I o . o . . u ‘ .r D g V n n .. u I \ o I. .9 .ll; o t s Q a u I v . . C I l - Q I d u o -- . . . . I . . .. . I u C u n v x - a .1 4 I ‘. I l I d n I l u '5 n ‘ I .. , u n . u. . ... .fl .. . u s . . I. . I . u . . u q .. . n . .. A . . a n ‘0 I. e . v. , . v . . . . t r . I. u . g . .- I V. .s . u . . l o o . O . u . . u . O . o. .. u . . r . .. . . n I I I a [:5 .16 ‘ a o o! c . v 1' Lo . . . vfi - . u - v . a . v . a t 3 pa 1 .-.0 .r O ‘. . . . o no: .Io . . . . . . n . .. o, u . u a o ‘ v r. n .I a . .l c 3 I . n l o ., '0- smxocmrmr Book! Bruce and Eickhoff. m MICHIGAN POOR LAW. University of Chicago Press Cowles. Albert. PAST AND PRESENT OF THE CITY 01' LANSING AND INC-HAM COUNTY. MICHIGAN The Michigan Historical Publishing Association Fink. Arthur 3.. m 3'an or 50cm. worn. (revised edition). Henry Hold and. Company. New York. 1951 Kinshaw. David. W UP THY BED AND WALK G. P. Putnams sons. New York 19148 Xurtz. Russel H.. SOCIAL WORK YEAR 1300! American Book Stratford Press. Inc. New York. N. Y. 1951+ Pollok. Otto. SOCIAL AN’US‘MENT IN OLD AGE. Social Science Rosearch Council New York. N. Y.. Bulletin 59 Other M mom. Ingham County Board. of Social Welfare. December 31. 1952 tumublished w 130% 9;; AGING. Federal Security Agency: U. S. Government Printing fiSORTED M INGRAM QUITE?! MILITQION m - Personal Piles of Dr. Smart: - unpublished Swartz. 3.0.. M.D. oral communication Pomeroy. R. W... 11.1). oral communication Minnis. D. V. oral communication Pink. 3.3.. Ph.D. oral communication Face. 1.. R. oral communication Ramona. H. oral communication Spaulding. G. oral communication Eats. P. oral connunication