,l,,~

“Ill.

lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllmmnu
‘allllm-.......

“THE FARMER IS OF MORE CONSEQUENCE THAN THE FARM, AND SHOULD BE FIRST IMPROVED.”

VOL. 7,——No. 16. }
WHOLE No. 120.

SCHOOLCRAFT, MICH., AUGUST 15. 1881.

_§Your SUBSCRIPTION
(will Expire with No.

Entered at the Post Oflice at Schoolcraft
as Second Class matter.

Eh» doings dtititmc

Published on the First and Fifteenth of
every month,

AT FIFTY GENTS PER ANNUM,

Eleven Copies for 85.00.

J. T. COBB, Editor and Manager,

To whom all communications should be addressed,
at Schoolci-aft, Mich.

Communications for, and Correspondence relating
to the Agricultural Department of the Gamma Vis-
rroa, should be directed to A. C. GLIDDEN, Paw Paw.

Remittances should be by Registered Letter, Money
Order, or Draft.

INDEX TO THIS NUMBER.

The Mortgage Pa.id— Dropping a Seed——Will—-—Agri-
cultural College of Michigan, Commencement
week, 188l—County Fairs-—Broad Tire Wagons
again—Letters from England—Washed and Un-
washed Wool—A Communication lrdm Thomas
Mason . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1

The Old Granger Hall—Correspondence Relating to
the International Cotton Exposltion—-The Present
and Future of the Grange— Highway Law — Bur-
dette’s Night Thoughts—In the Grange Meetings-
Is It a Right System ? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

The Baggage-Smasher— The Cucumber —How Mr.
Haynes was Cured of Borrowing—Horse Breeding
—The Farmer’s Hired Man—Railroad Methods—
The Railroads-—Michigan Female Seminary—-Rail-
road Time-Tables, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 3

Our July Wanderings, No. 3-—A Tax Commission —
To Correspondents, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

The Tax Comm'nsion——Meeting of St. Joseph County
Grange—Reply to the Circular of the Tax Commis-
sion—An Attractive Home—To the Pomologists of
Michigan— Canning Fruit—How to be Happy-—
Picnics—Notices of Meetings, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

A Dream of Home—Essay on Housekeeping - Im-
rovidence—The Great Wall of China—Rates of
ostage—The Situation— How to Keep Cool, . . . . 6

Grandpa and Bess—Advice to Cori-espondents—Let

Us Act in Harmony—Where should Grange Halls
be Located ?— Crop Report—Adulteration of Food
—The Reaper, Death—Advertisements, . . . . . . .. 7

Tengierance Reveille —Learn to be Short—What

to Res.d—'I'he Reaper, Death-Advertisements” 8

Officers National Grange.

Mss'mn—J. J . WOODMAN, (Paw Paw) Michigan.
OvEBsEE13.—PUT. DARDEN. - - Mississippi.
Lxc'ruaaa—HENRY ESHBAUGH, - Missouri.
S'rnwAan—A. J. VAUGHN, - Mississippi.
Assr. Srs:w.ian—W1I.L1AM SIMS, - Kansas
CEAPl'..AIN—-S. H. ELLIS, - - - Ohio.
TBEA8UBEB—F. M. MCDOWELL, - New York.
Sncnn'ru.x—WM. M. IRELAND, Washington, D.C.
Garn-Knnrsn--O. DINWIDDIE, - Indiana.
Cnaas——MRS. J. J. WOODMAN, - Michigan.
Poxois.s—-MRS. PUT. DARDEN, - Mississippi-
FLOBA—MRS. I. W. NICHOLSON, - New Jersey.
LADY Assr. STEWABD—MRS. WM. SIMS, liansas.

Executive gommittee-

D. WYATT AIKEN, - - South Carolina.
E. JAMES, - - - Indiana.
W. G. WA'Y NE, - - - New York.

Oflieers Michigan state Grange.

M.-—C. G. LUCE. - - -
O.—A. N. WOODRUFF,

L.—C. L. WHITNEY, -
S.—S. A. TOOKER, - - - Lansing.
A. S.—A. E. GREEN, - - Farmington.
G.—_SALMON STEEL, Manton, Wexford Co.
'1‘.——S. F. BROWN, - - Sohoolcraft.
Snc.—J. T. COBB, - - Schoolcraft.
G. K.--ELIJ AH BARTLETT, - Dryden.
C1ms:s.—-Mas. A. S. STANNARD, - - Lowell.
Ponoiu.—Mns. B. D. PI.A’I'1‘, - - Ypsilanti.
FnonA.—Mas. A N. WOODRUFF, Watervliet.
L. A. 'S.—Mas. A. E. GREEN, - Farmington.

Gilead.
Watervliet.
- Muskegon.

Executive committee-

THOMAS MARS, Chairman, Berrien Center.
.7. WEBSTER CHILDS. ' - Ypsilanti.
F. M. HOLLOWAY, - - Hillsdale.
J. Q. A. BURRINGTON. - Tuscola.
WM. SATTERLEE, - Birmingham.
TIIOS. F. MOORE, - - - Adrian.
JOHN PORTER. - Grand Rapids.
0. G. LUCE, J. T. COBB, - - Ex-ofiicio.

General Deputy.

O. L. WHITNEY, - . - - Muskegon.

State Busirjiss Agent.
THOMAS MASON. - - Chicago. 111.

Speciai Lecturers.

Thos. F. Moore,..   .. ....Adrian, Lenawee Co.
Geo. W, Woodward. .. . . . . . . . . . . .Shelby,Oceana Co.
M.°L. Stevens, . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..Perry, Shiawassee Co,
Mrs. 8. Steele, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..Manton, Wexford Co.
L. B. Brown, . . . . . . . . . . ....Rawsonvil.le, Wayne Co.
Andrew Campbell, ..... . .Ypsilanti, Washteuaw Co.
Chas. E. Mickley. . . . . ......  Lenawee Co.

fiivirulhwal lrravlmrulg

A—:_é.G'LlDDI2N, K - -

I
For the Visrron.

THE MORTGAGE PAID.

Well, wife, I paid off that mortgage to-day,
And have it right here in my hand;
’Tis yellow and torn with age, you see,
But I've got it all clear from our land.

’Twas givenfll think, in the year seventy-two
And ’twa.s signed by both you and me;

To-day the last payment fell due,
But ’tis properly cancelled you see.

And as I look long down the lines below
I find that it drew ten per cent ;

No wonder we paid the debt off so slow,
For there's where the money all went.

You see on the back the endorsements paid,
That fall due year after year:

”I‘is a reminder to us of the sacrifice made
To get the old farm again clear.

‘Twas easy, we thought, to pay as we went
And the debt alone wa‘nt so bad,

But this grinding one down to ten per cent-—
Why ’tis enough to make a man sad.

’Twas hard to mortgage the farm, you know
‘Twas the home of my parents, too ;

’Tis the place where we moved long, long ago,
’Tis the home where our children grew.

Long have we labored, both you and me,
Through the many years that are past,

And by prudence, self-denial and economy,
We have paid the mortgage at last.

So there’re no more sleepless nights for us,
But a little more case and content ;

No more racking the brain to find
The inevitable ten per cent.

But I’ve said it, dear wife, and I pledge anew,
That so long as I can use this right arm,

No ten per cent interest shall ever accrue
On a mortgage against the old farm.

Then we'll cheer up again as we pass on in life,
Though our hairs are fast turning gray;
We're promised a land if we're faithful, dear
A mortgage can ne’er take away. [wife,

Centreville, Mich.

DROPPING A SEED.

The land was still; the skies were grey with weeping;
Into the soft crown earth the seed she cast :
Oh ! soon. she cried, will come the time of reaping,
The golden time when clouds and tears are past i
There came a whisper through the autumn haze:
“ Yea, thou shalt find it after many days.”

Hour after hour she marks the fitful gleaming
Of sunlight stealing through the cloudy-rift ;
Hour after hour she lingers, idly dreaming,
To see the rain fall, and the dead leaves drift:
Oh ! for some small green sign of life, she pra s,
Have I not watched and waited "many days”

_At early morn, chilled and sad, she hearkens

To storm winds that through the poplars blow ;
Far over hi and plain the heaven darkens,

Her field is covered with a shroud of snow ;
Ah! Lord. she sighs, are these thy loving ways ?
He answers, “ Spake I not of many days P”

The snow-drop blooms; the purple violet glistens
On bands of moss that take the sparkling showers ;
Half-cheered, half-doubting yet, she strays and listens
To finches singing to the shy young flowers.
A little longer still His love delays
The promised blessing—“ after many days.”

Oh, happy world ! she cries, the sun is shining,
Above the soil I see the springing green ;
I could not trust His word without repining,
I could not wait in peace for things unseen :
Forgive me, Lord! my soulis full of praise;
My doubting heart prolonged thy “ many days."
‘ —Sunday Magazine.

There is no chance, no destiny, no fate,

Can circumvent or hinder or control

The firm resolve of a determined soul.

Gifts count for nothing: Will alone is great.
All things give way before it, soon or late.
What obstacle can stay the mighty force

Of the sea-seeking river in its course,

Or‘ cause the ascending orb of day to wait ?

Each will-born soul must win what it deserves.
Let the fool prate of luck : the fortunate

Is he whose earnest purpose never swerves,
Whose slightest action or inaction serves

The one great aim. Why, even Death stands still
And waits an hour sometimes for such a will.

Agricultural College of Michigan—cornmencement
Week, 1881. ‘

Sunday, Aug. 14th, three o’ciock P. M.,
Baccalaureate sermon by Pres. Abbott.

Monday, Aug. 15th,—Senior Class day
exercises, 7:30 P. M.

Tuesday, Aug. l6th.—Commenceme_nt ex-
ercises, 10 A. M. President’s reception at
7:30 P. M.

Public conveyance will leave the Lansing
House one hour previous to each exercise.

If your hands cannot be usefully employ-
ed, attend to the cultivation of your mind.

County Fairs.

The time is approaching when the rules
and premium lists adopted by the several
committees of the county_,,fairs,will be tested
by trial before the agriculturists of the State.
“Agriculture,” as applied to fairs, has be-
come a broad term, which covers much that
agriculturalists proper do not accept as legit-
imate under the appellation. The scope of
the term is liable to be misapprehended, and
the object for which agricultural societies
were instituted partially ignored.

In the early days of their existenc ~, as in-
dicated by their articles of associatio .1, agri-
cultural societies were organized "for the
promotion of agriculture,” oflicered and
managed by their own members, who were
cultivators of the ground. A hundred years
later their descendants in that occupation
have grown no wiser, and the “ promotion
of agriculture also promotes horse-racing,
and pool-selling, and gambling devices, and
dancing halls, and beer guzzling, and kin-
dred abuses. The above categorical list of
evils that have crept into Vie conduct of our
fairs, follow the lead of the ”-rst mentioned.
As an institution by itself it cannot stand on
its own merit: like the vicious “rider” to a
virtuous bill in Congress, it must be carried,
and the necessary funds must be provided
by the agricultural (1 !) society. We need to
get back to first principles in respect to the
character and scope of our fairs. The tend-
encies in many places are in the wrong di-
rection. Men whose estimate of agriculture
is measured by the number of races that can
be crowded into the program for the fair,
should bepleft out when the day arrives for
the election of officers. Our grounds should
be made attractive, and invite particularly
the attendance of moral, intellectual, think-
ing people, to witness the new plans and
mechanical appliances to lessen the labor
and increase the profits of .l-_e agriculturist.
The ideal society is one which has for its
object and aim a higher standard of excel-
lence in each department of agriculture, so
that its fairs shall be exponents of that
higher standard, and its prizes should be
given as a stimulus to a healthy emulation
among its members. The society that aims
only at a financial success, by whatever
means or appliances—becoming merely a
hippodrome for the delectation of unculti-
vated tastes, a panorama of drivers, and
rubbers, and spongers, and pool-sellers, and
backer:-i,—has but illy acquitted itself of the
responsibility assigned it. A broader bur-
lesque upon the true dignity of agriculture
could not be presented. The county or lo-
cality that cannot sustain a purely agricul-
tural and mechanical society and fair, can-
not be oenefited by one, and had better
disband as a society and never attempt a
fair.

The “trotting associations” or “ cir-
cuits” that attach themselves as leeches to
our agricultural societies, are robbing them
of both money and character. Very much
of the purely “horse trot” has been let in
under the thin guise of 9. ‘‘Citizens’ Purse.”
But when the professional tricksters and
trotters, with their accompanying backers
and swindlers, become a part of an agricul-
tural fair, the comparison to the fabled own-
er of the giant in a little black bottle be-
comes complete. While he held the cork in
the bottle, the giant was powerless, but
when he was let loose under protestations of
a willingness to serve his master, he became
a mountain and crushed the dupe who
pulled the cork.

Farmers who desire that their sons shall
become staid, sober citizens, cannot com-
plain when they become “fast” through the
influence of these low forms of excitement,
becoming popularized through the dignity
of a county fair. Farmers themselves are
responsible for all the shortcomings of their
fair. Many of them consider their duty
done whenthey have paid their admission
to the grounds. They look upon the Exec-
utive Committee as responsible for the
success or failure of the enterprise, and take
the liberty to criticise every act. without
considering for whose benefit all the labor
is performed.

The very act of competing for a prize sets
a train of thought and action at work in
that direction, which may eventually make
the man famous in the line of breeding
or production in which the competition lies.

Fairs should be purely educational and
social. They should infuse a higher degree
of intelligence into the business of farming.

Every prize indicates a success, and may be
copied or improved upon by other farmers.
No individual has the moral right to any
exclusive wisdom. When a perfect animal
or production of any kind is brought to a
fair, the proprietor must expose to the pub-
lic, along with the article, his method of
breeding, feeding or culture.

Fairs are as necessary and as natural to a
successful agriculture as diagrams and mod-
els to mechanics, and the wisdom which
formulated them for that purpose at the first,
is no less wisdom to-day. The hundred,
more or less, individuals who have become
benefited by a fair, and will copy the pro-
cesses by which success has been achieved,
will add so much to the measure of success
in his vicinity. In this light all purely ag-
ricultural fairs are successes. They may fail_
to draw the crowd, and the exchequer may
be reduced, but the ultimate good will show
dividends in the future. The hangers-on
may clamor to be amused, and cry down the
“show,” as they call it; but agriculturists
cannotgifford to furnish an entertainment
such as will cater to a vitiated taste. If these
people must be titillated and excited, let
them hold a carnival of their own with its
accompanying orgies, but let agriculture
step aside until sensation has become sated.
A clown on the rostrum in a schoolroom is
not an incentive to study. The children
might be amused, but the chances are that
all of them would become clowns and none
of them philosophers. Our young men go to
the devil fast enough without a popularized
school of vice and trickery every year.
W'hile farmers have slept, “an enemy hath
crept in.” Let agriculture and trotting
associations become divorced, and each stand
on its own merits. If the “course” must
fail and go down unless thus sustained, the
sum of the country’s progress will not be
materially lessened.

___.M___,___
Broad Tire Wagons Again.

Since writing an article in a former num-
ber of the VIS1LuR on broad tire farm wag-
ons, we have purchased and have been
using a 35 inch tire and can now speak from
actual knowledge, and can no better express
our opinion than to reiterate the opinion of
a neighbor who borrowed it to haul wheat
from a field quite a distance from his home
farm over some sandy hills. He said he
would not take a new narrow tire wagon as
a gift when he could purchase a broad
tire. Advocates of narrow tires, if they can
be found, can find several very good wagons
in this vicinity of parties who desire to
make an exchange.

The track of a broad tire across a field is
simply a double path with no ruts. Clover
and the grasses spring up at once, and the
undulation on a stubble field is scarcely per-
ceptable even under a heavy load. We
hauled heavy loads of manure across freshly
plowed summer‘ fallow with perfect ease to
the team—-loads that could scarcely be mov-
ed on a narrow tired wagon. We have used
it on a soft marsh to haul off the hay.
Where a narrow tire would sink to the axle
the broad tire will carry 9. heavy load. The
argument is all on the side of the broad tire.

Some have thought three inches wide
enough, but we would add another half inch
to the width before making it narrower. The
weight of the half inch is as nothing com-
pared with the load that can be hauled by a
broader tire. We advise every farmer reader
of the VISITOR to exchange his narrow tire
for a broad one as soon as possible. We say
this in the interest of good roads, pleasant
teamsters, and fat horses. ‘

Letters from England.

We have arranged with Mr. James Bale,
who starts for Europe the 15th, for several
letters for the VISITOR during his stay in
England. Mr. Bale is President of the
Van Buren and Kalamazoo County Sheep
Growers’ Association, also President of the
Farmers’ Association, of Antwerp and Paw
Paw, and his agricultural gleanings abroad
will have an interest born of a thorough
knowledge of his avocation. Mr. Bale
wields a pleasant pen, and the readers of the
VISITOR may look for something interesting
in every letter.

DURING the last fifteen years of slavery
the South raised 46,675,500 bales of cotton.
During the first fifteen years under freedom
-—that is, from 1865 up to 1880—the number
of bales produced was 56,438.33-5.

\

Washed and Unwashed Wool.

[The following letter explains itself sulfi-
ciently without comment :

HARTLAKI), Me., July 23, 1881.
A. C. GLIDDEN.

Dear Sir.-—Yours of July 18th, through
Fenno & Manning, is at hand, asking about
a lot of unwashed wool I bought of them,
sent by you from Michigan.

First, asking if there is not a greater per
cent. of scoured wool in that lot for the
money paid. than in washed wool.

I will answer no. I have been careful to
shrink your lot of unwashed wool, and find
it shrank 62-} per cent. Washed will shrink
from 38 to 50 per cent. I speak of wool that
will run from X to XX, like yours. I could,
the day I bought your lot, have bought un-
washed wool at 3c. to -‘c. less per pound.
Yours was in better condition. W'e buy
wool, both washed and unwashed, on its
condition and not regardless of its condi-
tion.

VVashed Mich. XX above will (I speak of
well washed wool,) shrink 48 to 49 p_er cent.,
and unwashed from 6-1 to 70 per cent.; hence
we as a general thing have more clean wool
for the money in purchasing washed wool
than in unwashed. Yours respectfully,

A. LINN.

VVE are promised an article for the next
number of the VISITOR from thepen of C. A.
Miller of Marshall, on the " Manner of Pre-
paring Wool for Market.” This may seem
unseasonable, but while the lessons of the
past are fresh in the memory, additions to
one’s stock of knowledge can be laid along
side of the previously gathered facts and be-
come a continuous lesson. Anything from
the pen ofMr. Miller on the topic suggested
will have the stamp of authority, as he is
well prepared to give accurate information.

A Communication From Thomas Mason.

181 S. VVATER ST., CHICAGO, lll.,
August 5, 1881.

Worthy Patrons :-I am creditably in-
formed that Chicago speculators are in your
midst and have already made contacts with
you for a goodly portion of your apple crops,
and in some cases at ruinously low prices,
therefore, I feel it my duty to inform you
that, so far as can be ascertained, the crops
of winter varieties is below the average,
both in Michigan and the East,consequentiy
it is for your interest to hold your best fruits
that you yourselves may reap the benefit
that must accrue to those holding them this
fall and winter. Do not let the low prices
that may be realized from» your summer
varieties, that cannot be held many days
without decay, mislead you, in the belief
that the better keepers will be influenced in
price by their sales. I confidently predict
agood paying figure for all late fall and
winter varieties, from this fact, also, among
others, that there has been less of our berry
crops canned or preserved by private fami-
lies and those making a business of it, ow-
ing to the“lightness of the crops and the
consequent high price this season, than has
been put up for winter use in some years
past.

To my regular shippers, also to those con-
templating sending to this agency, I would
advise sending only the best of their sum-
mer apples, and start their dryers and
evaporators at once and use up the balance,
thereby finding a profitable market for all
their fruit. Dried fruit will surely com-
mand higher prices this winter than for
some seasons back, having already advanced
50 per cent. Fraternal: y yours,

Tnos. LIASON.

AGENCY, MICH. STATE GRANGE, }

IN selecting flour first look to the color. If
it is white with a straw~color tint, buy it.
If it is white with a bluish cast, or with
specks in it, refuse it. Second, examine
its adhesiveness—wet and knead a little
of it between your fingers; if it works soft
and sticky, it is poor. Third, throw a little
lump of dried flour against a smooth surface
if it falls like powder, it is bad. Fourth,
squeeze some of the flour tightly in your
hand; if it retains the shape given by the
pressure, that, too, is a good sign. It is safe
to buy flour that will stand all these tests.
These modes are given by all flour dealers,

and they pertain to a matter that concerns
everybody—tlie stafl of life-—Exchange.

To SAVE cabbages from cabbage worms,
steep tansy and pour it on after the cabbages
begin to head. Only two applications will be
necessary. “ This season,” says one who
has tried the remedy, “the millers commen-
ced depositin their eggs before the cabbages
began to hea . and I gave them a dose over
two weeks ago, and there is no sign of any
worn since.”


THE OLD GRANGER HALL.

BY \V. L. SNYDER, AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE.

Am: The Old Oaken Bucket,

I.
How dear to the heart are the nights spent in Granges,
When fond recollection presents them_ to view,
As we gathered in halls that our wisdom arranges l
Such talks and discussions, such pleasures we knew,
As we joked in our ball when the meeting was over!
We laugh when the toils of the week we recall,
And we grasp in true friendship the hand of each
Patron,
As we part at the door of the old Granger hall.

CHOBUs.—Then sing for the Patron,
The honest, tried Patron!
We’ll praise him forever
In the old Granger Hall.

11.
As the Patron returns to his home from his labor,
From the toils of the week seeking quiet and rest,
With a heart full of love for his less prosperous
neighbor,
Tho’ careworn and weary and troubled his breast,
By the storms and the droughts and the winds that
molest him, '
At the thought of the Grange his heart will expand:
He remembers how trouble and care seemed to
vanish,
As he felt the warm clasp of a true Patrons hand.

C1I0.—Then sing, etc.

III.
Tho’ far we may wander o'er earthly plantations,
And widely be severed from the old Granger home,
Where in love Patrons meet in their truest devotions,
Yet still to our hearts fond remembrance will come,
And we’ll think of our motto, and the hope in the
future.
So now, as we gather once more at the call,
With friendship our guide to a closer reunion
With the Patrons so true, in the old Granger hall,——

CIIO. —Then sing, etc.

Correspondence Relating to the international
Cotton Exposition.

Ol-‘l-‘ICE on THE DIRECTOR GI-lNERAL,l
ATLANTA, Ga., July 15, 1881, I

J. J. Woodman, Esq., Jllaster of lValz'onal
Grange, Paw Paw, rl[ich., DEAR SIR z—- I
have ordered to be mailed to you to-day. a
set of documents explaining the Interna-
tional Exposition, to be held in this city
next fall. It has been suggested to me that
the Patrons of Husbandry might like to re-
peat the experiment made at the Centennial
Exposition of providing a boarding house
and place of entertainment for the members
of their Order, at a point near to the Exposi-
tion grounds. *  * The arrangements of
all the railroad companies for excursion
rates will enable members of the Order in
any part of the United States to visit the
Exposition at a very low cost for traveling.
It is probable that half a million of Southern
people will attend the Exposition, a great
many of whom will undoubtedly be mem-
bers of your Order. The agricultural ex-
bit in connection with the enterprise is
not confined to Southern products, but takes
in the whole country. I submit the matter
in this general way to your consideration
and if it is thought best by your Executive
Committee to take any action in this matter
I shall be very happy to render you any as-
sistance or give you any information that I
can. I am, sir, most respectfully yours,

H. I KIMBALL,
Director General.

REPLY FROl\I J. J. VVOODMAN.

PAW PAW, Mich., July 3031881.
Hon. H. I. Kimball, Director General of the
International Cotton Exposition, Atlanta,
Georgia : ’
DEAR SIR,—Yours of July 15 came in my
absence, hence the delay in answering. I
am truly gratified to know that the South-
ern people have inaugurated this Inter-State
and International Exposition, and invited
not only the whole country, but the whole
world to participate in it. Although you
call it a 4‘ Cotton Exposition,” yet I discov-
er that you do not intend to make cotton
“ king” until that honor is fairly won by
being placed side by side in fair competition
with other products of the soil and, indus-
tries.
The time and place for holding the Expos-
ition have been wisely selected ; not too far
north to make it inconvenient of access to
the Southern people, and just far enough
south to make it attractive to the Northern
people at a season of the year when they
have much leisure, and many are in the
habit of seeking a warmer climate for com-
fort, health, and recreation. If I read the
signs of the times aright, there is a growing
desire on the part of the people of our com-
mon country, both North and South, to
become better acquainted and mingle more
intimately with each other, and it is most
fortunate that so favorable an opportunity
is to be given them to gratify that desire.
Although you invite exhibits from all the
various industries, and desire to see the arts
and sciences fully represented, yet you
mak'e agriculture a prominent feature of the
Exposition. That is right, that is Ameri-
can, and does honor not only to the'agricul-
ture of the Southern States, but of the whole
country. In no other country of the world
does agriculture occupy so proud a position
among the professions and industries of the
country as in the United States, and in no
other country are the agriculturists as a

class, so intelligent, respected, influential,
and prosperous. Our organization of farmers
was instituted for no other purpose than that
of elevating the agriculturists of this coun-

that object not only the National Grange,
but every worthy member of our Order is
laboring. The interest which Patrons of
Husbandry took in the great Centennial
Exposition at Philadelphia will serve as an
index to show them what will be expected
of them in this. The ‘Grange Encampment’
then originated with the Patrons of Penn-
sylvania, and tens of thousands of our mem-
bers from every portion of our broad land
met and were entertained there, and were
benefited by the association.

While it is quite probable that the Execu-
tive Committee of the National Grange will
not deem it advisable to build an “ Encamp-
ment ” at Atlanta, yet special provisions
should be made for the accommodation of
our members and their friends there, and
with special reference to this I will corres-
pond with Col. T. J. Smith, Master of
Georgia State Grange.

Yours very truly,
J. J. Woo1>MA.v,
Master of the National Grange P. of H.

The Present and Future of the Grange.

[The following essay was read at Lake
Grange institute, Jan. 14th, by \V. J. Jones,
Secretary of Berrien County Grange. and by
resolution was ordered sent to the GRANGE
Visrron for publication]

This subject has been assigned me for dis-
cussion, and at this time perhaps there is no
other subject that should elicit greater atten-
tion. \Ve cannot show you the present
condition of the Grange without referring
to some of its past successes and failures.

When the Grange was first instituted, its
objects were very unwisely construed by
many of those seeking admission within its
gates, very many thinking and strongly
believing that the Grange was an organiza-
tion calculated to interfere with almost all
other branches of industry; many joining
for the purpose of self-aggrandizement, and
others seeking political favors. So that in
the beginning the Grange soon became
strong in point of numbers, but weak in the
true principles for which the Order was
instituted by its noble founders. The Grange
was at first encumbered by aclass that ought
never to have been permitted to enter its
gates ; so the first great work to perform by
the Order was to rid itself of that pernicious
element calculated to breed contention with-
in its limits, and this it has successfully
accomplished. The next was to bring the
producer and consumer closer together, and
thus do away with a multiplicity of middle-
men who were sapping the profits from the
prrducer; and by doing away with that
class we have enabled the consumer to pur-
chase at less cost and the producer to receive
a greater reward for his labor.

Next we found there were thousands of
dollars expended annuhlly for plaster, and
by investigation it was found that there
were what were termed plaster rings form-
ed, by which all users of that article had to
pay more than double the cost to the manu-
facturer. But through the magic power of
the executive committee of the State Grange
and the stability of the Patrons of the State
of Michigan, that giant monopoly has been
crushed—we hope never to be again heard
from. To-day plaster can be purchased
from the manufacturer at a reasonableprice
——just to manufacturer and user alike.

Next was the Teal patent-right gate swin-
dle, which only needs mention, as you are
all conversant with the facts that had it not
been for the co-operation of the Patrons in
this State, thousands upon thousands of
dollars would have been swindled out of the
farmers of this and other States; but we
met the enemy and they were ours. These
are among the general benefits of the or-
ganization, and there are many others to
which we might direct your attention, but
we must be brief.

Now we will call your attention to the
educational benefits derived from the
Grange meetings. We meet as often as
once in two weeks to discuss questions per-
taining to our vocation. These meetings
are conducted according to strict parlia-
mentary usages, thus enabling each mem-
ber _to acquire knowledge that he couldgaiu
in no other Way. And today we have
bright intellect in the Grange that before
the inst tution of this Order was lying in a
state of lethargy. VVe have those who have
been educated in the Grange,who are among
the shining intellects of the Nation, when
prior to their uniting with the Order they
were not known he) ond the narrow limits
of their own neighborhood. And to-day
we are proud' to say that the farmers’ insti-
tution, the Grange, is upon a stronger and
firmer foundation, morally and intellectu-
ally, than it ever was before. This county
is stronger; this State is stronger; and the
Grange cause all over, wherever a Grange
has been organized, is upon a firmer basis
to day than it ever was before. The mo
nopolists are now brought to feel that we
are a power in the land; that we dare raise
our voice to maintain our rights and seek
redress of our grievances.

You now ask, what of the future? VVe
answer, the Grange has only begun its work.

We have a grand campaign before us. W'e
have gigantic monopolies to con tend against,

try to a still higher plane, and to accomplish-

but we expect to meet them by legislation.
We have been agitating the interstate com-
merce or transportation question, both in
and out of the Grange, until the attention
of the public has been fixed, and we have
new allies all over the‘country trying to
avert the danger of these railroad rings
which are controlled by such men as Gould
and Vanderbilt. ‘

And further, we demand that capital shall
be taxed more and labor less, and this we
shall continue to petition for until our re-
quest shall be granted. We expect to have
a voice in the cabinet of our government by
making our Commissioner of Agriculture a
cabinet ofiic-er. VVe will urge upon our
State legislature to appropriate sufficient
means for the maintenance of our Agricul-
tural College, that it may afford as good
facilities to the farmers’ sons and daughters
for acquiring as thorough an education as
the lawyers’, doctors’, merchants’ and min-
isters’ sons do at the State universilie.

By our faithful exertions during the past
.eight years of labor in the Grange, we have
elevated the standard of agriculture so that
to-day we are lookedupon as belonging to a
class which is aspiring to better its condi-
tion intellectually, morally and socially.
And farmers and laborers without the
Grange, as well as within, let me admonish
and earnestly urge you to look after the
interests of that class to which you belong,
for if you neglect this duty we shall soon
become as downtrodden as our brother farm-
ers across the ocean. They are to-day mere
slaves of husbandry ;‘ the effects of their
labor go‘into the pockets of the rich, and
hence the nobility of England, France and
Ireland. If we fail to avert the centralizing
tendency of this country to build class dis-
tinction, it will not be long until a few
will possess the principal wealth of this
country. To-day we have the power to
restrain the moneyed aristocracy, but to-
morrow that power may be taken away
from us. So while we have the power let
us go arm in arm and shoulder to shoulder
to arrest the calamity which will inevitably
befall us unless we are united in opposing
its constant progress.

Highway Law.

Bro. Cobb .-——In the VISITOR of July 1
Bro. H. H. Taylor, of Dowagiac, accuses
Bro. Albertson, of Watson, of being behind
the times in reference to the law regulating
stock running in the highway. He calls
Bro. Albertson’s attention to chapter 49 (he
must mean 59), compiled laws of 1871, and
says, that “ if he .Will get the Supervisor to
present a. resolution to the board prohibiting
stock from running in the highway of his
town, and the board. adopts it, the work is
done—-provided he and the pathmasters do
their duty in_ enforcing the laws.” \Ve think
that Bro. Taylor is also behind the times.
At the last session of the Legislature the
chapter above mentioned was amended to
prohibit cattle from running at large in the
public highways in any county in this State,
except in counties or parts of counties ex-
empted by the Board of Supervisors.

Berlin, Mich. WM. F. KELLY.

THE Ohio Farmer says: “The best beef is
young beef, reaching its greatest point of
superiority at from two to three years. The
same is true of sheep and swine. A wether,
for the best mutton, should be in market at
two years. As a general rule, a 250 pound
pig is much better in quality and more
profitable than a hog that weighs 500 pounds.
The point of appreciation of quickly matur-
ing animals is being reached, though some-
what gradually, and it remains to improve
the various breeds, especial regard being
taken to carefully select those animals to
breed from that come to maturity at an early
age.” The principle laid down in theitem
copied above is exaczly the one which the
Illinois State Board of Agriculture is labor-
ing to establish in the country through the
agency of our Fat Stock Shows, and the
farmers and live stock producers should one
and all work to bring about the result here
indicated. It has the greater amount of
profit and -advantage in every way. Young
stock well developed and fattened, should be
the motto with all producers.

Burdette's Night Thoughts.
Don’tjudgea man by his clothes. Can
you tell what the circus is going to be
like by looking at the Italian sunset pictures
on the fence?

Do you value a turkey for its plumage?
And isn’t the skin of the mink the most,
and indeed, the only valuable part of him ?
There be men fair to look upon, who wan-
der up and down this country, and sit in
the coolest places on the hotel piazzas, who
are arrayed in fine linens and cardinal socks.
and who have to hold their hands over their
scarf pin when they want to see the moon-
light-, who, unassisted and unprompted, do
not possess the discretion to come in when
it rains, and don’t know enough to punch a
hole in the snow with an umbrella—new,
soft snow at that, wi hout any crust on it.

Now and then, son, before you are as old
as Methusalah, you will meet a man who
wearsa hat that is worth twice as much as
the head it covers On the other hand
dou’t fall into the error of believing that all
the goodness, and honesty, and intelligence
in the world goes about in shreds and
patches.

We have seen a tramp dressed in more
rags than you could rake out of the family
raghag, and more dirt and hair on him than
would sufiice to protect 9. horse, who would
step up the front door and demand three
kinds. of cake, half a pie, and then steal
every movable thing in the yard, kill the
dog, choke up the pump with sand, tramp
on the pansy bed and girdle the cherry trees
because he couldn't carry them away.
Good clothes or bed are never an infallible
index to a man that is in them.

can ceases visiron.

In the Grange Meetings.

' SOME DETAILS.

I attended a meeting of wide-awake men
and women in There was plenty of
talking by different members. There seem-
ed to be none prepared on any part of the
subject. The remarks and discussions were
often wandering and often to little purpose.
They lacked a point. The remarks were
not well concentrated on one or two definite
points.

A Grange, like an army, needs skillful
otficers, who shall economise their forces
and use every man to the best advantage.
After learning to valk in a public meeting,
the next important thing is to cut down the
remarks, using only most valuable ideas.
For every meeting there should be some
definite course marked out beforehand. Do
not trust to inspiration of any of your mem-
bers, or that something, by chance, will
turn up to make the meeting interesting
and instructive: such meetings will often
be dull and tedious. The best meetings will
always come from the best efforts of some
who were prepared before they entered the
hall. In making up programs, do not forget
to call out all the young folks in some capac-
ity or other, a part on one occasion and a
part on another. Let the Lecturer have the
name and postoflice address of every mem-
ber. Give them something to do and they
will generally be found willing and ready to
do it. By taking some part they will re-
tain an interest and act as though the Grange
were a part of their possessions, as it really
should be. It is better to make thorough
preparation and have a good meeting once
in two or three weeks than to have them
ofteuer and have little interest.

MAKING A PROGRAM.

It is a good plan to lay out work for the
year, or for most of a year, at one time. It
will take less time and effort thin it will to
make up one program at a time. Some of
our best farmers’ clubs make up and print a
a program for every meeting in the year.
Every member has a copy. If he happens
to miss one meeting he knows what is com-
ing the next aud the next. It often works
well to have standing committees, continu-
ing for a year, to look after and occasionally
make brief reports on certain topics——as a
committee onlive stock, or cattle. or farm
crops, buildings, roads, etc.

As before observed, to interest all, care
must be used in selecting topics to get those
on a variety of subjects, and these should be
suited to the time of the year. If wheat is
the subject for discussion, let every one
bring a sample or two, in the straw or
threshed, and so of each subject. Specimens
on the table will always interest and call
out questions.

Strive to make everything thorough, live-
ly and on time. Punctuality is too much
neglected by many of our farmers. No real
good business man will ever be negligent in
this respect. Call to order as soon as the
time arrives if there are no more than three
persons present. These can adjourn for a
short time till the others come in, but those
coming in later should know that they have
kept others waiting. There is no lesson that
the Grange can teach which will be of more
use to the farmer than the one of punctuali-
ty in filling all engagements.

It will add variety and importance to have
now and then a speaker from abnoad, but
no Grange can be kept alive by any one,
two or three sneakers, no matter who they
are, even if they are the best speakers who
ever appeared before a body of farmers.
Send a delegate now and then to some other
wide-awake Grange to gather new ideas,
and let him make a full report.

Again I say—what you all know——t-hat to
make the meetings profitable some men
must do a great deal of hard work. They
must not feel discouraged at tt is, but rather
proud of it, that they are capable of doing
so much good. Will it pay those who do
the hard work‘? Yes, and pay well. An
effort of this kind will always re act for good
on the person making it.

There is a wide range of topics to select
from : for instance the various kinds of do-
mestic animals, from the horse and cow
down to birds and trees. Then other topics
are equally appropriate, as drainage, rota-
tion of crops, fencing, tools, best way to
manage weeds, the construction and man-
agement of hot-beds, tree-planting, making
roads, each of the farm crops and garden
crops. A place and time must be given to
household topics. Choose definite subjects
rather than those of a general nature.

In my remarks on programs some use has
been made of a recent article of mine on
farmers’ clubs, printed in the Rural New
Yorker.

As you work in the Grange,

“Remember that good things come slowly.”

You cannot shake off old habits and put
on new ones all at once. It takes a long
time to bring about any great reform.

I close with two mottoes which are worth
a place in the mind of every Patron and on
the wall of every hall. “The man who
thinks the most enjoys the most.” “Agri-
culture advances with the improved condi-
tion of our common schools.” Or, as Prof.
Roberts, of Cornell University, puts it, “As
education advances in the locality, agricul
ture improves in the same ratio.” Or again,
Farming will rank high or low. in propor
tion to the brains employed.—E;rchange.

THE exigencies of trade appear to be in a
steady conspiracy against the health ofthe
human family. Somesharp man once found
out that it was economical in the man. fact-
ure of tinplate to introduce into ita small
quantity of lead, and now the cheaper
grades of tin are all adulterated in this way.
This discovery is fraught with mischief, for
when acid fruits come in contact with this
mixture of tin and lead, they are liable to
become contaminated and produce lead poi-
soning in those who eat them. The canning
of fruit in this country is now carried on
to a much greater extent than ever, and ca-
ses are frequently brought before the public
in the newspapers, of injury done to fami-
lies or individuals by €8.l.lflg‘ fruit which has
been thus preserved. For those who pres-
erve their own fruit or vegetables, glass or
earthenware vessels are absolutely safe, and
much to be perferred to those made of met-
al.—Rur-al Home.

“ BUT do you know, pa,” said the farm-
er’s daughter, when he spoke to her about
the addresses of his neighbor's son; “you
know..,pa, ma wants me to marry a man of
culture.” “ So do I, my dear, so do I; and
there is no better cultule in the country
than agriculture.”

AU }UST 15, 1881.

Is It a Right System?

A few days since Mr. Goodman, Assistant
General Freight Agent of the New York
Central & Hudson River railroad, in con-
versation with members of the legislature
at Albany, endeavored to justif the present
system upon which his road oes business
by the following illustrations, which he said
represented recent actual transactions :

A wire rod manufacturer at Syracuse rep-
resented that he was offered $4 per ton oyer
cost of manufacture for 500 tons of rods
delivered in St. Louis. The schedule rate
was $9 per ton. Mr. Goodman reduced the
rate to $3 per ton, of which he said his road
received, for its 1-30 miles of haul, $1.

A man at Herkimer had 3,000 tons of ice
which he could sell, delivered at Seneca
Falls, for $4 per ton. He asked a rate, and
the railroad company named $53 per ton. The
ice-dealer protested that at that rate the rail-
road would absorb all his profit. The com-
pany then made the rate -$2.’ per ton, the dis-
tance being 108 miles.

Now, these are doubtless favorable illus-
trations to the railroad, or they would not
have been brought forward to illustrate the
wisdom of the present system, and at first
sight, especially to those who do not re-
tleclrthat the railroad is performing a public
function, it may seem proper. But let us
see. In the first case the railroad reduces
its schedule rate two thirds. Does not this
argue that the portion of the public who pay
the schedule rate are charged too much for
the sen vice rendered, and that it should not
be left entirely to the discretion of a freight
agent to say who shall pay one-third and
who shall pay ‘three-thirds of the schedule
rate? Again, In the second case. the charge
is -S2 per ton for ice carried lozs miles as
against $1 per ton for iron carried 150 miles.
The value of iron is twenty times as great
as that of the ice, while the quantity is six
times less. How did the freight agent know
that there was but $4 margin over the cost
of manufacture to the iron manufacturer to
whom he made such a low rate‘.-‘ and why
should the railroad company compel the
ice men to “stand and deliver” two thirds
of the profits of his labor and good fortune
in storing and selling his ice in a favorable
season 1’ This phase of the question is well
illustrated by the following extract from the
Heyburu C-0mmtttee’s report (page 50).

The wrong consists in exercising a censorship over
the business ailairs of the community, secretly, arbi-
trarily and unequally varying rates, building up this,
developing that—not only performing the proper
functions of transportation, but taking into consid-
eration the probable or possible profit of a shipment,
and adjusting their rates accordingly. If the shipper
is likely to make a large profit, they compel him to
divide ; if the margin is a close one, they determine
whether the shipment shall be made or not, whether
it shall result in a profit or loss, and the amount of
profit or loss. Thus, under this system of manage-
ment and this method of giving rates, is every mer-
chant, every munufacturer. every shipper, and
through them every individual along the 5,5130 miles
of railroad in this State, with its five hundred mil-
lions of capital, measureably in the power of these
corporations.

The unlimited power to make special rates
is liable to great abuse; it gives railroads
absolute power over all industry, enabling
them to take the lion’s share, as in the case
of the ice men above mentioned. It was
this which caused the rebellion in California
against the railroad rule; the railroads fixed
their rates at a point which absorbed every-
thing between the market price in San
Francisco and the cost of production, leav-
ing the farmer but a bare subsistence, and
in effect making the agricultural population
as much its slaves as if the railroad had a
proprietary interest in both heir persons
and property. The same thing is true, only
in a lesser degree, in our own State and in
Other States.

The theory which ruled before the age of
railroad consolidation and combination was
that the railroad was entitled to fix its com-
pensation upon a basis of coal of service, but
since they have grown into great systems,
feeling secure in their strength and p0 uer,
they have directly reversed this rule and
now take all they can get, or. in their own
words “ all that (he lraflic will bear,” and in
deciding this question the railroad freight
agent is judge and jury combined. Under
existing laws, this places the individual
shipper entirely at their mercy, and makes
him either a fawning favorite, misrepre-
senting facts in order to obtain a better rate
than his neighbor, or practically the slave of
his betters, who have the power to take all
the profit there is in his labor.

On page 158 of theircport of the United
States Senate Committee on transportation
routes, we find :

In the matter of taxation there are to-day four
men, representing the four great trunk lines between
Chicago and New York, who possess, and who not
infrequently exercise, powers which the Congress of
the United States would not venture to exert.

Again, on page 69 of the Hepburn Com-
mittee’s report, we find :— '

Now, as to the necessity for some regulation to
protect the public, see testimony of Mr. Rutter, pp.
453-4, where he testifies that he serves the stock-
holders only, and only regards the public interest to
make it tributary to the interest of the stockholders.

Mr. Vilas (Testimony, p. 415) testifies to the
same controlling motives. Mr. Blanchard, after des-
cribing a railway ofiicer as subject to three practical
tribuuals——tirst, the president‘ of the road; second,
the law as laid down affecting transportation; and
third, the unwritten law of commerce, says :—

“It has been our policy in this matter, while keep-
ing within the statute law, as far as I knew it or had
occasion to know it, that wherever this public un-
written law came into contact with the interests of
the shareholders, I believed it to be my conscientious
duty to decide in favor of the shareholder; I knew
of no claim that the non-shareholding interests had
upon me as a railroad ofiicer so long as I was within
the written law, to concede its views in the matter
of rates. and in the management of our traffic.”

In the joint letter (Testimony, p. 47), Messrs. Van-
derbilt and J ewett says:

“That the managers of a railroad company desire
to make all the money they can for their clients, and
to do this they have before them the quenion what
rate within their chartered limits will an article bear
that will yield the largest profit, and at the same
time stimulate its production.”

The marked importance which is here attached to
keeping within the law, emphasizes the necessity for
a law, for governmental control.

Such a law exists in Great Britain; such
a law exists in Massachusetts and in other
States, and with a Board of Railroad Com-
missioners to supervise the workings of
these modern highways, the average citizen
has some chance to realize his rights there-
on. At present he has none.——America-n
Grocer.

5

OUT of 3216 tubs of butter recenlty ar-
rived at Glasgow from the United States,
only 1,497 were pure; 1,750 containing oleo-
margarine and butterine.


AUGUST 15, 1881.

THE BAGGAGE-SMASH ER.

BY A. E. BARTLETT.

Beside the trunks piled broad and high
The “ baggage-smasher" stands;

He views them with his lurid eye,
And his hairy chest expands.

The " smasher" is a mighty man,
With strong, malignant hands,
And the sinews of his fell right arm

Burst hasps and locks and hands;
And with teeth fierce set,
In a reeking sweat,
He smashes what he can.

Poor pilgrims of the road look on
And stand with bated breath,
To see this brawny fiend go on
And smash their trunks to death;
And they watch the hoops and hinges fly,
Yet they hold their peace—if they speak they die ;

They can utter no protesting cry :

They may look aloft with expectant eye,

But no bolt strikes down from the vengeful sky,
And the baggage is knocked all into pi.

And the work goes on, and ruins lie

Scattered promiscuously far and nigh,

Yet the helpless soul can but heave a sigh

From the cell of its pent-up agony.

ifi 11‘ ‘K ‘F. % % # iF_ ’V'

This man may be gentle to those that he loves,
And his daughter may sing in the choir,
But " I vow.” when I see him, it suddenly moves
All the hot blood within we to ire.

Why ! what can the villain be thinking about ?

There! he’s smashed up another 3 it’s turned inside-
out!

There are vest, socks, brush, liver-pad, pants and a
shirt,

Chest-protector and drawers, all exposed in the dirt.

And there’s woe, there’s lamenting, there's gnashing
of teeth.

But another trunk falls, smothering those under-
neath:

And this demon, unheeding the pleadings that fall

On his merciless ear. seems to gloat over all.

“ Oh, why should the spirit of mortal be proud ? "
May the sun of his morning soon sink in a cloud,
And at night in his dreams, terror—tossed with unrest,
May the ghosts of slain trunks tumble down on his
chest ;

And some high railroad magnate appoint in his stead
A weaklier man, and thus take off his head.

Each despot has his day of power, then comes his
doom condign,
“ For the mills of the gods grind slowly, but they
grind exceedingly fine."
——Detroz't Post and 'l'ribun.c.

THE CUCUMBER.

The cucumber giaceth the festal board
Enshrined in condiments rare,

And the epicure gleefully rubbeth his paunch
At the sight of the treasure there;

The doctor smileth a sad-like smile
And giveth a crocodile groan,

And the marble man goeth out awhile
And polisheth up a stone ;

The undertaker mournfully asks,

“What will his measure be ? ”

And the sexton marketh a spot “ reserved ”
All under the willow tree,-

’ Tis hard the times and 'tis source the cash,

And so with a zestful joy

We welcome waft to the fitful fruit
That giveth the folk employ.

Now Mr. Haynes was Cured of Borrowing.
BY CARLOS NOGGS.

There was a meeting of the Grange. The
farmers came in one after another, and soon
the little school house was filled with an
anxious, happy assembly. Mr. Jonathan
Fuller, the chairman, rapped for order and
called the roll. Every man answered to his
name with the exception of Mr. Caleb
Haynes. Mr. Fuller announced at the close
of the preliminary business that there was
no particular theme for discussion and mov-
ed that Mr. John Bangs make remarks up-
on any subject he might choose. The
whole meeting seconded the motion with a
roar.

Mr. Bangs arose and looked at the cobweb
in the corner, as if he thought there was in-
spiration in its dusty drapery. He then
glanced at the floor and he believed he had
nothing to say. The crowd stamped and
yelled, and amid the discord could be heard
the cries of "Go on,” “ You must say some-
thing,” “ Hurrah for Bangs," etc., all of
which took the farmer by surprise, and, be-
fore he knew it, he was standing and balan-
cing himself against the desk. The uproar
ceased and Bangs cleared his throat.

“ Well, I'm not that sort 0’ citizen as
wants to make hard feelin’s ’mong each
other, but when I see a screw loose I wants
to take a screwdriver and tighten it. [The
audience tittered and stamped. Bangs fix-
ed his eyes on the cobweb, then glanced at
the chairman, who acted as if he had been
shot, and turning his eyes from the speaker
to a crack in the ceiling.] Now, it is a good
thing to have a Grange. It is a very useful
thing tohave it made strong; in fact it is
the best screwdriver we have ever had.
[Loud laughten] There has been a screw
loosé fora long time in our neighborhood.
[Deep silence] It is time to commence
turning the screw-driver on it. You all
know what a botheration it is to borrow,
and what a still disagreeabler thing it is to
lend. [Loud clapping and stamping] As
I said, I don't want no hard fee1in's, but if
any one of you had been bothered as much
as I have you'll not blame me for sayin'
that Caleb Haynes is the worst nuis-
ance we have. He borrows everything. His
wife is gettin’ into the same habit, and the
youngsters, too. He is the screw that's
loose. Now let's have no more speechin’
but let's talk up some way to cure Caleb, for
we all know that he is good at heart; be-
sides that, I want to get a screw-driver he
borrowed of me not long ago, for my wom-
an is about to take up the carpet.”

This brief extemporaneous address was
followed by wild cheering and excited
stamping till the room was one dense cloud
of dust. No one minded it but the spider,
who scampered over his swinging man-
sion’s delicate carpeting and settled himself
down in his little black chamber in perfect
disgust at the behavior of the Grangers.

The plans for curing Caleb Haynes of
borrowing were numerous, none of which
seemed entirely satisfactory but the one set
forth by Mr. John Bangs. It was unani-
mously agreed to begin the tightening of the
screw the next day, and that the novel
method should oe started by Mr. Bangs.

The meeting then dissolved and the
Grangers dis ersed to their homes.

Mr. Caleb aynes was feeding the pi .
Looking towards the hill, his eye caug t
the wagon _of Mr. John Bangs loaded with
something.

“ Good morning, Caleb,” said John.

"Ggood morning, John. Going to mar-
ket? ’

TEE GBANHE VISITOR...

“O, no. Ijust merely thought I would
bring you overa few things. You wern’t
at Grange last night 1”’

“ No. I couldn't come. Had to go to
town last night to my old woman’s cousin
Ann, to borrow a fluting machine. I know
there is no such thing around in this neigh-
borhood."

“Wish I had one. I would loan it to you,

but I guess there is something here you will '

like. Now here is a new ax I will let you
have till you get ready to return it, and—"

“ Oh, you are too kind——’'

“And a coffee-grinder and a first rate
grind stone. Yes, and here is a double-
shovel plow—just what you want for your
new corn."

“John, you are a Christian. If every-
body was like you this would be a happy
world." But before he could say anything
more John whipped up his horses and start-
ed for home.

Mrs. Haynes was delighted with the cof-
fee-grinder. and declared that she would not
be in a hurry to return it. While they were
breakfasting they heard the clatter of wheels,
and soon after some one knocked at the
door..

“ Come in," said Caleb.

“ Good morning,” said Mr. Jacob Fuller.
“I am on my way to market, and thought
I would stop and loan you a few things ”

“ How clever you are," said Mrs. Haynes.

“ Here is some sugar and nutmegs my
wife put in, and a bottle of vinegar.”

“How thoughtful she is. \Vliy, l was
just coming over after those very things,
for we want a dumpling, and we can't eat
our lettuce without vinegar, you know."

“ Ofcourse not,” observ d Mr. Fuller.
“And here is a spool of threid; she said she
thought you were out."

“Yes I am, now I can finish Bobby's
pants.” Mr. Haynes smiled and remarked
that Mrs.Fuller would have a bright spot in
heaven. Mr. Fuller drove on and wondered
what sort of a nook Mr. Haynes would have
in the same place.

Mr. VVm. Boynton was none the slower
for his gray hairs. He rushed into the yard
with the agility of an antelope.

“ VVhy, what is the matter‘? " said Caleb.
“ The fact is," said the old man, “ I'm in a
sort of a hurry, and I thought I might as
well be alittle lively. Here is a string of
dried apples my wife thought you folks
would like to try ; and I thought I'd save you
the trouble of coming after the weekly
paper. There is a good deal of news in it.
And here is a scythe to cut your grass.
Good day."

Boynton was off as quick as he came, and
had not got ten steps before young Robert
Danvers came riding down the road on a
gallop. and leading another horse. Caleb
handed the string of dried apples to his wife,
and went to the gate to see what was
wanted.

“ Pa sent me down with our bay, Mr.
Haynes," said Danvers. “ He said he
knew you didn't like to borrow. but he
thought you needed a horse for awhile."
Before Caleb could utter one word the young
man galloped away. Caleb led the animal
to the barn and then walked slowly to the
house.

“ Tell you what it is," said he to his wife.
“ I'm growing ’spicious."

“ Of what? " she said.

“Of the neighbors. I can't tell what's
the matter with them ; they're getting too
good, beside-s—"

He was interupted by Ben Topham yelling
to him from the front gate. Caleb left his
wife and asked his friend what was up.

“ I'm goin' to town to see to some business.
My wife told me to be sure to call at your
house as I came along, for she wanted your
woman to try our new coffee-grinder."

“ We've already borrowed one this morn-
ing,” said Caleb, with a puzzled face.

“ That won’t make any difference, you
can use both. Let me see. Oh, yes, here is
the weekly paper. I thought perhaps
you'd like to read the news.” ,

“But I've got a copy already. Bill Boyn-
ton brought one over not long ago.”

“ Oh, that doesn't matter You can read
one while your woman is reading the other.
I must go. Good-by."

“ Good-by," returned Caleb.

The coffee-grinder and newspaper set Mrs.
Haynes to thinking. How these two arti-
cles should have happened to have been du-
plicated the same day was a mystery she
could not seem to begin to make out. Mr.
Haynes was thoughtful also, and he hitched
the borrowed horse to the borrowed double-
shovel plow in a manner that would lead
any bystander to think that Caleb had com-
mitted some act for which he was deeply
ashamed. He worked hard and ate but
little dinner. The ofiiciousness of his
neighbors troubled him more than the prob-
ability of a short crop of corn. VVh.en the
sun set Caleb ceased work and wearily start-
ed for home.

“Well,” said he, coming into the back
door, has anybody else been over to loan us
a paper ? ”

“ Caleb, you're a‘ fool!"

The farmer's hands dropped to his lap as
if they had received an electric shock, and
he gazed at his wife in mute astonishment.

“ Yes, Caleb, you are a fool, I am a fool,
and everybody that borrows is a fool. Do
you hear? " ,

“ I hear, but what has come across you so
suddenly ? "

“ I don't think it has come very suddenly.
If we had not been such fools we'd seen it
before this.”

“Say, Susan, I wish you'd explain your
nonsense and stop acting so much like a
fool. I'm hungry.” The most sensitive
point of Caleb was touched, and he arose
from his chair and walked the room impa-
tiently.

“I'll give you to understand,” said his
wife, "that you shan’t have a mouthful till
I've had my say."

“ Well, hurry up," said Caleb.

‘‘All right. In the first place neither of
us‘wl§re’§it the meeting last night, were we?"

' o.

“ Well, now, to come down to business, I
know very well they talked about us and
our habit of borrowing.”

“ Don't believe it.” ‘

“ I do. I know it. I've‘ been thinking
about it all the afternoon. How could it
happen that they'd bring us so many things
the same day. And think of it——two coffee-
grinders and two newspapers! ”

“ Sarah, I begin to believe you."

" You'd better. It's just as plain as beads
one. string.”

“ What can we do?"

“ Do? Why, take everything back as
soon as you get throu h your supper." I

"But don't we nee the things?”

“ VVhat of it‘? Take them all back, I say,
and we can buy our own things."

“ But, Susan. it will cost a great deal."

“ Can't help it. \Ve must act indepedent.
VVe’ll buy our things after this.”

“Why, of course we can ; and it we can't
we can do Without,” said Caleb brightening.

“That's right. I'll pound up the coffee
with a hammer before I borrow another
grinder." .

A new feeling came over Mr. Haynes.
His manhood seemed to have returned, and
his heart seemed to be lifted of a heavy load.
After supper he hitched his old mare to his
wagon and started on hisjourney to return
everything that was brought to his lmuse in
the morning. Harry, the oldest son, rode
the horn.-we,-d bay. The neighbors were
dumfounded. There was not one member
who thought the trick would be found out
before a week. No one had an opportunity
to question him. He me-rely announced that
he had come to return the articles borrowed,
and that he hoped never to get into the mis-
erable habit again. It was 0 o’clock before
hei'eturnedhome,and by the time that the
chores were finislied the clock struck ten.
The next morning was a bright one, and Ca-
leb declared that he felt better than he had
for many months.

“ It seems so much better to use your own
things," he remarked.

" You are right,” as.-zented his wife.

By the time the montli had pa.'<.;<e(,l, Mr.
Haynes had bought another horse. subscrib
ed for t ie weekly paper, and furnished the
house and farm with the necessary implc
ments and conveniences.

At the next Grange meeting Mi‘. and Mrs.
Haynes answered promptly when Jonathan
Fuller came to their names on the roll, and
when there was order and quiet, Caleb
arose and said he would like to say a few
words. The whole audience was silent.
They seemed think that they were in the
presence of a man whom they had injured.

“ Ladies and gentlemen,” began Caleb,
his voice coming with an effort,” I was not
present at the last meeting, and am glad of
it. You have done me one great good.
I don't want any one to feel bad because he
might have talked about me behind my
back. I am cured of the miserable, beggar-
ly habit of borrowing, and that is enough.
I move that we speak upon another sub-
ject.”

At the conclusion of this brief speech,
which was uttered with a great deal ‘of feel-
ing, Mr. Boynton stepped forward and pres-
sed Caleb's hands. Every one in the room
followed the example of the agile old man,
and Haynes felt that he was honored beyond
his merits. At the end of this unusual per-
formance, some one suggested that singing
should be the next thing in order. Not an
objection was offered, so Mr. Jonathan Ful-
ler hunted around awhile for his tuning
fork, and started, “ There is rest for the
weary," in as high a key as he could main-
tain without rupturing his windpipe. To
be sure, some of them said, " we-ar-ary,"
and others let the melodious sounds pass
through their noses, but their hearts
were enraptured and their aspiring above
the sordid earth. Even the little black spi-
der came out of his dark chamber with
three other little spiders, and listened in-
tently to the music, and did not seem half
so disgusted as during the last meeting
when they raised such a dust.

Horse Breeding.

The first thing to be done in breeding
horses is to select the best animals, and the
first indispensable quality in such animals
is a good consti ution. Without this as a
foundation, all attempts to perfect a race of
horses will be a failure. The animal that is
selected for breeding purposes should have
adeep chest, strong loins, good limbs and
feet. The nervous temperament of the ani-
mal should by no means be overlooked. The
eyes should be wide apart, full and clear.
The ears should be s_et apart, not lopped like
those of the mule nor pricked forward like
the rabbits. To these points of a good con-
stitution and a fine nervous temperament,
add all the symmetry you can. Make sure
of good size; never take a mare weighing less
than 1,000 to 1,200 pounds, and not below fif-
teen and a half to sixteen hands high. The
fault with most of the horses bred in the
past, is that they have been too small.
VVe can compete successfully with any State
in the Union in the breeding of horses, and
our markets are the best.

The next requisite is blood. Having se-
lected your mare, never take any but a
fixed blood stallion. Vi/hen you have the
qualities already described, breed early. so
that your colt may get a good growth before
flies bother the colt and dam.

In regard to in-breeding, we must breed
near enough to secure the desired qualities,
and when once secured, to retain them; but
we should not breed nearer than first cous-
ins if we can avoid it. If “in-and-in
breeding” is followed more closely than
this, and persisted in, your colts will be
stillborn, or if living, they will be cripples.

We should never sell the best animals.
When 9. man has disposed of his best breed-
ing mare, he will advance in his work on
the same principle that the “ frog jumped
out of the well,” one step ahead and two
backward.

It isa poor policy to go to the city and
buy a broken-down mare thinking to make
a breeder of her. In a great majority of
cases you will breed only-defective animals.

But after you have exercised the best
judgment in selecting your animals and
coupling them, you will make but little
progress in your work without the best of
care. To raise first-class horses, they must
have care first, care last, care in the midst
of all things, and care without end. — Min-
neapolis Tribune.

A CHINAMAN working at Nevada City,
Neb.,,brought to his employer a Chinese lily
in bud, which he said would bloom at just
twelve o’clock of the Chinese New Year.
He brought it in about 10 o'clock, and dosed
it with a white powder dissolved in warm
water, and performed over it several cere-
monies. The buds were observed to swell
visibly, but at 11:40 o'clock not one had
opened. The hands were fast moving up to
the midnight hour. When it lacked but
about three minutes of 12, John drew a piece
of bamboo about an inch in diameter from
some secret recess about his raiment. Plac-
ing this to his lips he gently blew his warm
breath on one of the buds, and almost in-
stantly it was seen to expand and stand
forth a full-blown flower. In rapid succes-
sion flower after flower was thus brought
out. and at midnight the whole plant was a
mass of blossoms. ‘

--  .... xmzs-zozz-‘-,a:m*' - . L.,-. ..,
. ..._.__..,. ._..-.............. .

The Farmer's Hired Man.

“I'm kinder lookin’ around the market
for a hired man," he explained, as he stop-
ped at one of the stands and nibbled at an
onion. “I kinder need one, but yet I kind-
er hope I shan’t be able to find him.”

“ How's that '3 ”

“ \Vell. there ain't no profit in a hired
man no more. ‘No. sir, he's no good any
longer.”

“ \Vhat’s the reasou'."’

“Oh, a dozen reasons. l<‘ii'.-It and foremost,
times have changed, and the hired man has
changed with 'em. Ali! sir, it makes me
sad when I think of the hired men we had
before the wai'—great big fellers, with the
strenglli of an ox and and the vim ofa loco-
motive. Idid1i't have to holler my lungs
out to getjone of 'cm out of bed at 3 o'clock
in the niorniug, and it was all I could do to
peak ’feni ]u)u«,:(>ttr) be-(kl aty1oo’clock at night.

[11 a ram is we 5 mn L never see no more
hired men wutli keepin' around for their
board."

“'l‘hat's sad."

“ It’s sad, and more, too. Now, as I said,
I want a hired man. I'm willing to pay $11
or $113 a month for a Slllaff one. some farin-
ers want a man to work all day and all
ni-rht, but that ain't me. I have never
asked one to git out of bed before :: o'clock,
never. I allus give my niau tlire.e-quarters
of an hour at noon—unless the hogs git out,
r:xi'f::zittle brealk in, orla siliowlei‘  coinfiug up.

er a man ias wor 'e fl ‘'1 a ong or nine
hours, his system wanis$at least half an
hour to brace up in. They don't quit work
on some farms till 8 o'clock. but I'm no such
slave-driver. At lilalf-lpast 7 1 tell my man
to knock off. All ie ms to do after that is
to feed the stock, out a little wood, mow
some grass for the horses, milk four cows.
fill up the water trough, start a smudge in
the smoke-house, and pull a few weeds in
the garden. I never had a hired man who
ilidnftfgrow fzfit pu  \t\'()tll'1k, aludd thteyl a.!lt—_
ns en me ecing .ia ey ia n ia
earned their wages."

He stopped long enough to wipe a tear
from his eye, and then went on :—

“And now look at the hired man of to-
pay I He wears white shirts and collars.
He won't eat with a knife. He wants nap-
kins when he eats, and if we don t hang up
a clean towel once a week, he wipes on his
handkercher. Call him at 3 and he gets
up at (5. He wants a whole hour at noon,
and after supper he trots oil to a sip_ging-
school or sits down to a newspaper. L ifteen
years ago if my hired man was sick for a day
1 could dock him If he died I could take
out a month's wages for the trouble. He
was glad to git store orders for his pay, and

_he would wash. in the rain,-barrel and wipe
on the clotliefes-llinelel. Theresiibifn a chaitige,
sir,——an aw u c ange, an 1 a reac ion
don't set in pretty soon you will witness the
f ll f ‘ lt ' th‘.' . t ."
""«‘i“i‘i.*.‘... §-oigléfifi-t”i§{ié‘1...oli.‘;‘§‘-$3? ‘Y

“Wall, I can't just say. Work is power-
fully pressing, but I'm going slow. Before
I hire him I want to know whether he's a
man who'll pass his plnte for more meat and
taters, and whether we've got to use starch
in doing up his shirts. The last man I had
took me to task for not holding family
prayers twice a day, and after I had done so
for three months I found i’ was only a game
of his to beat me out of half an hour a day.
He thought he had a pretty soft thing, and
he looked mighty lonesome when I cut Old
Hundred down to two lines and got through
with all the rest in -10 seconds.’’— free
Press.

Railroad Methods.

EXTRACT FROM “G.iTi—i's" LETTERS.

“Has not the Central Pacific railroad been
injured by the depreciation of mining inter-
ests,” etc.?

“Not so much by that as by their own
policy. Although some of the great mines
are exhausted, they are finding mines all
over the country. The railroad company is
injuring itself by insisting on having con-
trol of :the different mercantile interests
all along the line. Instead of having rates
for freight, they want to make special con-
tracts according to a man's profits. For in-
stance, a man in Arizona has a mine and
gets out a quantity of ore, but has no facili-
ties for fluxing and smelting it and must
send it to San Francisco. He says to the
railroad, ‘I want to send my ore up to San
Francisco. \Vhat will you charge me a ton Z"
‘ How much does it assay?’ ‘ That is none
of your business.’ ‘Yes, it is. VVe want to
know how much it assays in order to know
what to charge you.’ ‘ Thirty dollars a ton.’
‘ VVe1l we will charge you $10 a ton; that
will leave you $20.’ The man has no alter-
native, and pays the money to sell his ore,
but he becomes a discouraged ’ miner. An-
other man has a mine, and he puts the
question, ‘Vi/‘hat will you take my ore to
San Francisco for?’ ‘How much does it
assay?’ ‘That is none of your business.’
He too, must tell, and he says, ‘ Well, it
yields $300 a ton.' ‘Then we will ‘charge
you $100 a ton to take the ore to San Fran-
cisco. That leaves you two-thirds.’

“ Even in agriculture they want to have a
hand. There is Haggin & Tevis, money-lend-
ers, who have recently gone into different
fields of enterprise, and, among other things
have got 300,000 acres of desert land. Every-
thing is desert out there which does not get
water to irrigate it. But our deserts, with
water, are the richest lands in the world.
That is where Carl Schurz came near expos-
ing his ignorance. After those fellows got
that desert, so-called, some enemy of theirs
sent a bottle of earth to Mr. Schurz, He was
about to re'ect their purchase, because when
they put ater to that bit of desert, it was
found rich. These men turning a river over
the grant made the tract magnificent. The
Southern Pacific railroad ran right through
it. The owners invited emigrants to come
on the land, and sold it to them at fair rates.
They began to raise wheat, but the railroad
authorities said, ‘ If you raise wheat there
we shall charge you 50 per cent to carry it.’
‘ Very we1l,then; we'll raise alfalfa'—a kind
of clover which on such soil produces from
four to six crops 9. year. ‘O, no,’ says the
railroad, ‘if you raise alfalfa, we'll charge
you 75 per cent to carry it.’ Thus the rail-
road company is forcing the question as to
what are the restrictions on a com-
mon cari°ier,_and whether the mere car-
rier can be despotic with the people. arbit-
rary in its rates, and virtually an owner in
every interest on the line.”

A bare-headed and bare-footed urchin be-
ing asked what his mother did for a living,

4; ;e,;.-.2 us...-i L.‘ -

answered, “ She eats victuals, sir."

The Railroads.

The Atlantic Monthly is not considered a
communistic or socialisticjournal, nor “tain-
ted" by the Grange. Hear him :

“Bancroft’s history of the Fnited States
and our railroad system were bcgiiii at the
same time. The history is not yet finished,
but the railroads owe on stock and bonds
$l,600,00ll,uo0, more than twice our national
debt of$2.'_’.‘.’0 0()0,000, and tax the people an-
nually 34% 000,000, one and one-half times
more than the _<_roverninent’s revenue last
year of $;1T4,<mo_olJ0. More than any other
class, our railro.-id men have developed the
country and tried its institutions. The eva-
sion of almost all taxes by the New York
.Central Railroad has thrown upon the peo-
ple of New York State more than a fair share
ofthe cost ofgovernment,aud illustrates some
ofthe methods by which the rich are mak-
ing the poor poorer. Violatioxis of trust
by credit ll10l)lll“l‘>', Jay (iould’s wealth and
the poverty of Eric stockliolilers, such cor-
ruption of legislature: as has given to the
l’acili(- Mail its sub.-iidies, and nickediiamsd
New .ler.-sc_v “the State of Camden and Am-
boy," are sins against public and private
faith on 9. scale impossible in the early days
of republics and corporations."

IF calibages do not bend properly. a pinch
of salt to each head will be beneficial; or,
better, give them a slight watering at night
with weak brine. This may be again re-
peated later in the season. A single water-
ing with quite weak brine is also excel].-iit
for watermelous. about the time the fruit
is setting.

VVE are pleased to find that a healthy pub-
lic opinion is growing up, and that there is
hope of bringing arrogant railroad oflicials
toa realizing sense of ilieirobligations to the
public and of their ameiiibility to govern-
ment.

Michigan Female Seminary. Kalamazoo. Michigan.

Modeled after the Mt. I-Iolyoke Seminary,
Massachusetts. Board and tuition, includ-
ing lights, fuel and furnished room, $175 for
the school year; a reasonable charge for in-
struction in French, German, drawing and
painting. Fall Term begins Sept. 8, 1881.

The Seminary is free from debt, with
a proper number of well qualified in-
siructors. Location healthy, grounds ex-
tensive and elevated, in full view of the
village of Kalamazoo. For catalogues giv-
ing full information as to course of studies
&c, address Miss (‘.oii.\'i:L1A Epuy, Princ-
ipal; or E. O. .l:[L'M1’I{Rl-)\', Treasurer,
Kalamazoo, Mich. 15jul3t

Il.\£[ICI-IIG-A.]Sl‘ CENTRAL R. R.
DF.}’AltTURE or TRAINS I-‘ROM KAI.AirAzoo.

TIME-TABLE — MAY 9, 1:481).
VV}'.'ST\VARD.

A. M. P. K.
Accommodation leaves, ______________________ _- 4 50 --____

“ arrives, _--_ 9 30
Local Passenger, __________ __
Eveliing PIxpress,__
Pacific Express,
Mail

1 53 ------

EAST\VAl{I).

Night Express, ...... -_
Accommodation loaws
“ arrives,-

Mail ____________________ __

Day Express, _____ __

New York Exprcss,_

Atlantic Express, ................................. -- 10 25

New York, Atlantic and Pacific Expresses and Local Passen-
ger daily. All other trains daily except Sunday.
H. B. LEDYARD, Gen Manager, Detroit.
E. C. BROWN, Ass‘t Gen. b‘upt., Jackson.
llszmr C. \\'ssrwosrH, G. P. & T. A., Chicago,

E.-
KAL.uiAzoo DIVISION TIME TABLE.

(Time 1.3 minutes faster than Kalamazoo.)
GOING SOUTH.

' 'N'"i'"& 6 ‘I Y in  "

‘Express. lllx & .\i,Wa'y Fr‘
.. Grand Rapids- ___. 800nm 71301731. 
. Allegnn ____ “ 6 05 “ 8 l0 “
. Kalamazoo _ ‘ll 40 “
. Schoolcraft _
. Three Rivers-

NORTH.

'‘ VIN Y at BIN Tit)
,l‘lx & M Expres ‘

2 45 mu 12 337

. White Pigeon---
. Three Rivers ___
. Schoolcraft _____
. Kalamazoo -

Corrected Time-Table—July 31, 188i.

WESTWARD.
Hm‘ ' Ifiayi "Night '-WI7‘linVt" .—*—,~_
Express. Express.iExpress.5 “W”? '1'
 W No. 2. No. 6. 1 ~ 0- 3?-
T.Port Huron ________ __l 7 00 Ax I I W
Grand Trunk Junction 7 10 ‘
' 8 10

STATIONS.

imsrwliitn.

‘- Day Night
1Expres5. Express.
,’ ND. 1. No. 3.

,Chicago __________ __l 9 15 mg'9i5 ma T

Snrioss.

co:oaa~1a=o-Isaac»:
C~3l\’703CoJr-lC£g[-'9
voconwcnul

-, 9 05
G. T. Junction___- _§10 20
Ar. Port: Huron ______ _-|10 30

SS
833-’

1035 “ l-----...

All trains run by Chicago time. All trains daily except

Sunday.
Cine. 3. Peel, 8. R. CALLAWAI.
Trsflic Manager. Gone I Saw.’ tendon.
For information as to rates, apply to E. P. Knnry loal
Agent, Schoolcraft, Mich. ’

___.-49.


4

EEE GBANSE VISITOR.

AUGUST l5, 1881.

iii

OUR JULY WANDERINGS, No. 3.

Our readers will remember that our last
letter left us looking over Boston
from Bunker Hill Monument. Before
leaving this famous observatory, from
which we had so fine a view of the city,
its harbor and the open sea beyond, and all
the suburban towns and country stretching
out into the distance, we cast about to learn
something more of the monument itself.

Thirty feet square at the base, this mass-
ive'granite column rises over 200 feet, grad-
uallv contracting until it is some ten feet
square (we do not speak from the book) at
the point where lie is rapidly drawn to its
apex Within is a hollow cone at the base
20 feet in diameter, with a broad doorway
opposite the entrance to the main shaft.
The outside wall at the base is six feet in
thickness at the center of its sides. A cir-
cular stone stairway, three feet in width.
between this outer wall and the inner cone,
leads round and round to the top‘; ‘At the
landing this hole ,in the central shaft is
reduced to about four feet, and the grate
covering it forms a part of the floor of this
chamber or observatory, which is about ten
feet in diameter and fifteen in height. On
each of the four sides are small openings of
convenient height for the visitor to look out
and take in what he came to see. The outer
wall, six feet at the base, has been reduced
to twenty-seven inches at these openings.

In this circular room we remember but
two objects of special interest. These were
securely fastened to the wall in a perpendic-
ular position, some six feet above the stone
floor, and the inscriptions which we copied
explain their historic value:

THE “I{ANCOCK."
sAcaEi) ro LrEEi-zcrr.
THIS is ONE or run roua CANNON
vmicx coxsrrrnrnn THE wi1oLE TRAIN or FIELD
LRTILLERY rossEssEn BY THE Bnrrisn COLONIES or
NORTH AMERICA,
AT THE COMMENCEMENT or rs):
WAR,
on THE 1S)'rrr DAY-OF APRIL, 1775.
rim “ADAMS."
THIS CANNON
Axi) ITS FELLOW,
BELONGED TO A NUMBER or CITIZENS or
aosrox,
Aim wean USED IN MANY ENGAGEMENTS
DURING rm: WAR.

THE OTHER TWO, THE PROPERTY OF THE
GOVERNMENT OF MASSACHUSETTS, WERE TAKEN BY
THE ENEMY.

These cannon were about three feet long,
with a2§--inch bore, and looked as though
the two would make a fair load for a pack
mule.

Half an hour later we were in the U. S.
Navy yard, a hundred rods away, and as we
passed the entrance gate the first thing that
attracted our attention were the long rows

of cannon—not those little baby fellows such >

as we had just left, with a hole in the end
the size of a small snowball, but big black
fellows with open mouths large enough to
send a small man into. These, thought I,
the growth of a hundred years, fitly repre-
sent the growth of all our material interests
in the first century of our national existence.

The dry dock next invited our inspection,
and running down a stone stairway parallel
with its side some twenty feet, we were soon
under a massive ship twenty rods long, that
was standing up on props just far enough
above the bottom of the dry dock so that
men could repair the bottom of the vessel.
They were there by the dozen and we
thought from the racket they were making
that they were trying to earn their living.
The master-builder, in uniform, was peering
around to see that all was right, and proba-
bly put in a few minutes the next day at the
same service. There is nothing very intri-
cate about a dry dock, but it is quite ajob to
build one of solid masonry below the surface
of the sea, with which it must be connected,
to be of use, by huge gates opening outward,
that effectually bar out the water.

’Making our best bow to a marine who,
traversing his beat with gun on his shoulder,
was doing duty, we went on board an old
man-of-war that had been lying in the har-
bor but a few days and had orders to go to

‘ sea again the next week,—destination, some

point across the equator. The men, over 200
of them, were all busy. Those not on duty
were making pants, coats, or other articles of
apparel for their own wear. Until now I was
not aware that these marines made all their
own clothes. Everything was bright, clean,
and in perfect order. “A place for every-
thing and everything in its place,” is a
maxim probably born on shipboard, for
here it is more scrupulously regarded than
any place I have ever seen.

We know so little about shipbuilding that
we shall not spend much time exposing our
ignorance, only refer to one or two things
about the keel on the supposition that most
of our readers are alike ignorant. We found
running from how to stern under the center
of the vessel a keel about eight inches in
thickness and three feet deep, and also on
each side, nearly to the outer line of the hot-

5

tom, similar keel timbers running parallel to
the center one, but not more than half its
depth. These are to prevent the vessel from
rocking in a rough sea. Another thing we
noticed in the bottom of the vessel was a
circular metal strainer through which the
water passes to some mechanical contriv-
ance for converting the briby water of the
ocean to pure, fresh water for use in the
steam boilers and for all other purposes
where fresh water is needed on shipboad.

We mention this because we are so ready
to own up that we had forgotten that Yan-
kee ingenuity had covered this great neces-
sity of steam propelled vessels.

But we must leave the navy yard without
any very decided opinions as to whether
Uncle Sam is runningthis branch of the pub-
lic service in the very best manner possible
or not. We have lived so far inland for so
many years that what we don’t know about
nautical matters is worth more ,to commerce
than what we do know is to us.

Having put in a busy halt.-day we took a
street car to the Parker House for dinner
and rest. Later in the day we looked up
the old South Church, which is con-
veniently near to the Parker .House, and
which we had passed half a dozen times
before without knowing that we were in the
shadow of its historic walls. The soci-
ety that now owns the property collects
25 cents from each visitor who crosses the
portals of the venerable old church.

After a contest a few years ago between
the practical business men of the city, who
had more interest in the value of real estate
and more regard for money making, than
love or veneration for relics ; and the other
class who look upon everything of revolu-
tionary times as sacred, the Old South
Church fell into the hands of a society of
Boston ladies, who, with more patriotism
than their friends of the sterner sex, deter-
mined that the good name of Boston should
not be marred by the wanton destruction of
one of her most beloved and vene'rated ob
jects of revolutionary times.

This society has set it apart as a sort of
museum to which every revolutionary relic
they can find must come. The collection is
not very large, but is of great value,covering
many things that are intimately interwoven
with the history of those years of trial when
the question of “ to be, or not to be ” among
the nations of the earth was the vital point;
to be settled by the heroic valor and patient
sacrifices of the men and women of the in-
fant colonies, who had pledged their lives,
their fortunes, and their sacred honor to the
great work of founding a free and independ-
ent nation.

We were glad to know that love and ven-
eration for those old reminders of the days
that tried men’s souls,triumphed over the
sordid spirit that proposed to obliterate that
venerable pile consecrated by its early asso-
ciations to the cause of human liberty.

To say that old Boston is a sort of medley
of large and small blocks with crooked, nar-
row streets, would be saying what has been
said thousands of times before ; but she has
great wealth for use at home and abroad,
and the influence of her most enterpris-
ing citizens is felt in the commerce of
every important city in the country.

Having given as much time to Boston as
we felt we could spare, we prepared to take
the train for North Adams, on the Boston &
Fitchburg R. R., 145 miles westward, which
seemed like starting for home. \Vith the city
we left the last one of the excursion party that
started out together from Port Huron nine
days before 175 strong. Different objects
and purposes had drawn one and another in
different directions at sundry times and in
divers places until the Michigan Press Asso-
ciation, so far as my knowledge extended,
had dwindled into—one. It was nearly night
when we pulled away from the “ Hub,” and
we have little recollection of the country
through which we passed, only remember-
ing the serpentine thread of the road and
the Hoostonic river as we saw it by moon-
light for a few miles before we plunged into
the darkness of the Hoosac Tunnel. When
we emerged at the other side of the moun-
tain, over four miles from the entrance,
we were in a narrow valley, which at this
point has given its entire width of available
land to the manufacturing city of North
Adams, which is hedged in between the
rugged mountains, I-Ioosac on the east, and
Greylock on the west.

This tunnel had so engaged our attention,
although we could not see a thing-—that
when the train came to a stop a mile from
its mouth we picked up our satchel, forget-
ting our hat, that was waiting for orders in
the rack above our seat, and in fiftén min-
utes we were in our room in the best hotel
of the city. Of course we did not rush out
from the train into the darkness bareheaded,
the tunnel had not confused us to that extent,
but when once in our room we attempted
to hang up our hat we found our head cov-
ered withalittle cheap traveling cap that
would answer the purpose of a night cap
anywhere.

North Adams, like all New -England vil-
lages and cities, is a manufacturing town,
and we took a little time to look around,
on the following Monday spending an
hour in the Arnold print works. This cor-
poration gives employment to 275 hands in
the difl“erent departments of making ‘calico,’
and turns out 600,000 yards per week.
Establishments of this kind do not keep
open doors for everybody, and those not

interested are admitted only. when intro-
duced by some friend, who by the courtesy
of those in charge has access. As we had
such a friend in the person of J. Rockwell,
Judge of the district court, we received the
polite attention of a clerk,who was far more
ready to explain the different processes of
bleaching, drying, printing, sizing, ironing,
folding, and many other operations that we
cannot now call to mind, than we were to
remember what was told to us.

The preparatory steps are of no little con-
sequence. First, the design. With these
manufacturers it is not, “ VVhat shall the
harvest be?" but, What shall the pattern be,
that will “take” with those who wear
prints‘? What new designs, that no other
manufacturers have, can we get hold of to
use in making goods to be sold next spring?
That is the first thing, and that branch of
the business gives employment to the in-
ventive genius of many a Yankee head, and
the success or failure of the whole business
ofa season depends very much on the work
of the designer. If the patterns prove de-
sirable and are in demand, then the product
of the mill sells, but if our women folks do
not like it then it must be closed out at some
price and perhaps at a loss. The designs or
patterns being made, they are turned over
to the engraver to be cut in copper rollers
some four or five inches in diameter, and in
length the width of the print. There must
be as many rollers as there are colors in the
print, and the engraver cuts out only that
part of each figure having the same color,
leaving the remainder of the figures that
carry other colors for as many different en-
graved rollers. These, when complete, are
set in a machine, and each turned in a trough
of coloring matter, all of which is cut off be-
fore this engraved roller comes in contact
with the cloth to be printed, except what
has sunk into the cut of the engraver’s tool.

Pieces as they come from the loom of the
cotton mill are from -10 to 50 yards in length,
and for printing are sewed together so as to
run through the mill in lengths of miles and
miles in one unbroken piece. As the goods
are run through the folding machine the
operator tears out a strip several inches in
width where the pieces were stitched to-
gether before printing. Each printing ma-
chine is run by one independent engine, all
taking steam, however, from one common
source of supply. As What is suitable for
summer will not do for winter, and the
goods must be on the market in season, in
the spring and summer, goods are made and
boxed up for the fall and winter trade, and
in the fall and winter for the spring trade.

The extent of the business of this one mill
may be better comprehended by a few more
figures. Without knowing what the manu-
facturer gets per yard, we will suppose it is
not less than five cents, which would give
as the product of a week’s work, of 600,000
yards, $30,000. But we have written twice
as much as we intended about this printing
business and must go forward.

Leaving our friends on the afternoon of
the 12th, after a brief and pleasant visit we
arrived at sundown in the town, of Hine-
dale,on the top of one of those mountain ran-
ges that fifty years ago was called a pretty
good farming country. There were in sight
of the hou se of our friends whom we visited
some old houses that in their best days were
good representatives of good farms and
thrifty farmers.

Here was an old fashioned two-story
church, or at least it had that appear-
ance, having two rows of windows all
around, built nearly a hundred years ago
and still in a good state of repair and large
enough to accommodate the whole town-
ship but from its great elevation those at its
remote corners would need to start the day
before to reach the church in time for morn-
ing service.

These farms up in this lower strata of
clouds are now sold when a customer can be
found, for from $5 to $10 per acre. and are
mostly purchased by foreigners who can
get a living where even the diligent
Yankee has almost come to grief. This, we

take it, is not an exceptional place, but all '

over New England, where the fertility
of the soil has been exhausted, the old

owners not seeing any system of restoration

that will pay, are surrendering to hard luck
which comes uninvited,and to the Irishman,
who comes from the old world to better his
condition in that which has become old to
us but is new to him. '

Returning the next morning to Pittsfield,
we entered at once upon a search for some
Patrons as we had long known there was a
Grange in the vicinity of this little city.
Our search was soon rewarded by a. pleasant
acquaintance with H. M. Partridge, who is
running what is known as a sort of Grange
grocery store, though as we understand, it
has little of the essential elements of co-
operdion about it beyond the support'which
a common brotherhood of Patrons invites.

In a sort time Bro. A. Barton, Jr., of
whom we had before had favorable mention,
came in. He is a member of Dalton
Grange, situated east of Pittsfield. From
him I learned that there was still another
Grange at Hinsdale, a few miles further
east, and what was better still, he represen-
ted these three Granges, all situated on the
line of the Boston & Albany railroad, as
being in a very healthy condition.

Our interview of half an hour with Bro.
Barton was highly satisfactory. We found
him thoroiighly in earnest and fully com-

prehending the grand objects of the Order,
and ready to prove his faith by his works.
The narrow notion still entertained by some
who are known as Patrons, that the Grange
was organized and is run to help Grangers
buy darning-needles at half price, finds no
friend in such men as Bro. Barton. We
parted with him very much regretting that
we could not accept his invitation to visit
his farm, his family and his Grange. As it
was near train time on the Houstonic, and
we proposed to see the town of our nativity‘
75 miles away, before we slept, we bade
adieu to Bro. Partridge and Barton, well
pleased with our two hours stay in the pleas-
ant city of Pittsfield.

The line of the Houstonic R. R. is adupli-
cate of the serpentine windings of the Hous-
tonic river, which, through a valley of
the same name finds its way to the sea,
emptying into Long Island Sound at
Bridgeport. The size of the farms along the
road was uniformly determined one way by
the width of the valley, for the mountain
side on either hand furnished little or no
farm land.

Here we saw the first harvesting of grain
of the season. After passing several fields
of rye, some cut and some uncut, we passed
a field of perhaps a half-dozen acres, with
four men slashing down the rye in the good
old way—-with crafiles. But for the fact that
some of the fields that we afterward passed
were uncut, we should have concluded that
these four sturdy fellows had taken the job
of cutting all the rye in the valley _from
Bridgeport to Pittsfield and were march-
ing on to victory. But the extent of our
mistake was revealed when later in the
day we saw a reaper in a rye field, attending
to its business fairly well.

In proof that we took an interest in the
agriculture of New England we relate how,
to get a better view of the farms on both
sides of the track, we stepped out on to the
platform, and while we were intently gaz-
ing to the right and left, a gust of wind took
away our new hat that had hardly yet got
acquainted with our head. This might be
worse, said I, as I drew my Montreal cap
from the pocket of my duster and stuck my
head into it to the very top.

\Ve reached the “land of Goshen”—our
native land, in Litchfield county, Conn., in
time to take a stroll after tea with our rela-
tive, Mr. Jonathan Thompson. We had
come to Goshen mainly to see how the place
looked; for who does not take an interest
in the home of his childhood‘?

We very well knew it and its inhabitants
wo"ld not know us, and we were curious to
know whether we should know it or them.
\Ve found the stones had not worn to peb-
bles, but the stream that runs near the door
of the poor old house where we were born,
seemed to have a smaller channel and be
every way less important than in the days
of our childhood. As we stood in that quiet
street, in the twilight of that summer even-
ing, taking in at a glance all there is left of
the little village of VVest Goshen. we felt
that change, that most significant word of
our language, had not left untouched this
roqky, unattractive spot, and we turned
from the place with a feeling of quiet sad-
ness that we shall not attempt to explain.

As the highest land in the State is in this
township of Goshen, although we are not on
the summit yet, and as we have in former
letters come to a stop when well up in the
world, perhaps this is a good place to break
off until Sept. 1st. ’

WE have received a few answers to our
request that correspondents and others
would report the yield of wheat in their
vicinity, which we summarize as follows:

H. H. Tavlor, of Cass county, says. accord-
ing to the best information he can get from
threshers and others, the average yield in
that county will be somewhere between
seven and ten bushels per acre. All late
sown is of poor quality. In sheltered
localities, where the yield was good, the
quality was excellent.

From Holt, Ingham county, Bro. Thomp-
son writes that the average crop of his town-
ship will not exceed ten bushels. Corn and
potatoes have suffered from drought. A
late shower has improved the prospect.

C. B. Whitcomb, of Hartford, Van Buren
county, reports the yield of wheat from
12 to 15 bushels, though some fields run less.
Oat crop good. though damaged some by
army worm. Corn and potatoes promise a
good crop.

From Pewamo, Ionia county, we learn the
average of wheat will not exceed ten bushels.
Oats fair. Corn and potatoes liable to be a
short crop on account of a severe drought.

Bro. Shultes, of Martin. Allegan county,
thinks the average yield of wheat in that
township will be about 14 bushels per acre.

R. A. Lyman, of Columbia,:Tuscola Co.,
writes that the average yield per acre of 11
crops in his neighborhood, was 82”: bushels.
The average of oats about 30.

SOME may not have noticed that obituary
notices appear only on the inside of the
paper, and this will explain why a notice
that the sender thinks is in time does not
appear as soon as expected. The inside is
made up and goes to press generally three or
four days before the outside, and we aim to
get the outside to press two or three days
before its date, as it takes some little time to
get all in the mail.

A TAX COMMISSION.

On our fifth page is a communication in
relation to taxation. The suggestion that
all readers of the VISITOR who have ex-
perience in assessing property give an an-
swer through this channel to the series of
questions submitted by the Tax Commission,
is a good one; and we will not restrict it to
those having experience in assessing prop-
erty, but extend the invitation to all persons
who have well-defined views on this subject.

The fact that this Commission have in-
vited answers to the questions which they
have presented, is an indication of an earn-
est purpose to improve existing laws. We
do not promise to publish every man’s re-
ply in full, but we will come as near to it as
our space will permit. That the matter may
be brought more directly to the attention of
our readers, we republish the questions
submittedby the Tax Commission :

Under an act of the last Legislature, Gov.
Jerome has appointed a Tax Commission to
take into consideration the various questions
relating to taxation. The Commission met
at Lansing recently, and prepared a circular
for general distribution, for the purpose of
eliciting all the information possible as to
the views of citizens of the State upon this
most important subject. The points most
enquired about cover the ground very fully,
and all interested will have a chance to
make suggestions on a subject that affects
them vitally. The circular in question is as
follows:

The undersigned, members of the Tax
Commission appointed under a recent act of
the Legislature, are desirous of gathering in-
formation and obtaining suggestions upon
the subject of taxation, For that purpose
we respectfully request you to answer the
following questions, viz.:

1. Should church property be taxed‘?

2. Should property owned by a church so-
ciety in excess of a fixed amount be taxed‘)

3. If you answer the last question in the
affirmative, then state what amount should
be fixed for exemption. _

4. Should any personal property be ex-
empt from taxation‘?

 Should the present method of paying
highway taxes by labor be changed so as to
require payment in money?

6. What proportion of personal property
and credits, in your opinion, escapes taxa-
tion‘.’

7. ‘What rate of interest shoud be charged
on delinquent taxes 1'

8. Should delinquent taxes be carried by
the State or by the several counties ‘.’

9. Should persons liable to taxation be re-
quired in all cases to make a sworn state-
ment of their property‘?

Lastly, state briefly what defects you have
observed in the present system of taxation
in this State, and what changes should be
made to remedy those defects.

I Please answer at your earliest conven-
ience, and address your reply to “Tax
Commission,” Lansing, Mich.
JoHN Moons,
E. 0. GROSVENOR,
WM. CHAMBERLAIN,
C. A. Ki-:N'i‘,
H. H. HATCH.

T0 CORRESPONDENTS.

The Chesaning correspondent for the
Youth’s Department must try again.

The poetry from “ Ellington ” does not
come up to our standard, and therefore will
not appear.

Mrs. A. F. Cady writes that she wants
her paper sent to Lansing, but neglects to
tell us where we are no v sending it.

Edith Rowe sent a very good letter for a
Childrens’ Department, but as it is not quite
the thing for the Youths’ Department we
must omit it.

THE articles on our third page “ Railroad
Methods,” and “ The Railroads” should be
read by every man who has a vote, and by
every boy who will have one when he gets
a little older, and, perhaps, we might add,
by every woman who wants g vote, for of
no one thing are we more fully convinced
than of the necessity of carrying this mat-
ter of Legislative control of railroads into
politics. With every member of Congress,
members of Legislatures, judges of courts,
and all prominent attorneys traveling on
railroad passes, the rights of the people to
fares and freights based upon the actual cost
of the roads have been ignored altogether,
and the outrageous doctrine has been
broached and put in practice of “ charging
what the traflic will bee r.” The_ statement
of “ Gath ” is no fiction, and this state of
affairs will continue until the people will-
ciently understand how completely the
transportation interests of this country have
fallen into the hands ofa few men who are
in the most unscrupulous manner sacrific-

.ing the interests of the many to the insati-

ate greed of the few. No relief will come
until the voter determines to cast his ballot
for men entrusted with Legislative power,
who will not accept the bribe of a pass, and
who will pledge themselves to bring by
legislative enactments the business of rail-
roads within the operation of true business
principles.

WE made an effort at one time, perhaps a
feeble one, to ascertain what Granges in
Michigan own halls. We did not succeed
in getting suflicient answers to make a re-
spectable showing. ‘We don’t like to be
beaten and we will try again. Will all Secre-
taries of Granges owning halls please report
that fact to me by postal card, or otherwise,
before the next Vrsrron goes to press; also
state size and cost as near as may be. If the
reports we receive are not so meager that we
are ashamed to publish them we shall print
a list of the Grranges owning halls in the
Visrroa of September 1.


AUGUST 15, 1331.

$llI1II1t1IIIittllilIIIfi.

The Tax Commission.

Editor Grange Vi.sn'tor.-—I would suggest
that every man who reads the VISITOR, and
who has had experience in assessing proper-
ty, give an answer through its (columns to
the questions asked by the tax commission,
and that a full discussion of the principles
of taxation be permitted from every one who
has any just views to offer, to the end that
we may obtain a more equitable system,
and a more eflicient law that cannot be
evaded—a law so skillfully framed that it
will reach every dollar of taxable property
in the State, and tax every man on what he
actually owns, no more and no less.

My answer to the first, second and third
questions is, All church property exceeding
$5,000 in value should be taxed ; fourth, All
personal property exempt from sale by ex-
ecution should be free from taxation; 5th,
I doubt the propriety of changing the pres-
ent system of levying highway taxes; 6th,
More than half the personal property es-
capes under the present unjust and inefli-
cient law, as was the case in Vermont pre-
vious to the present year. When their new
law took effect, in 1880, Vermont's personal
property was valued at $15,037,262: this
year it is $46,901,077, showing that at least
two-thirds escaped»-under the old law. I am
confident that this is the case in our State;
7th, the rate of interest on delinquent taxes
should be 7 per cent; 8th, Delinquent taxes
should be carried by the counties; 9th,
Persons should swear to their statement of
property in all cases, and the assessor should
be compelled to prosecute all cases of perjury
that may come to his knowledge. All prop-
erty found in the State should be assessed to
the occupant or person in possession, and
the law should provide for an ofl‘.‘—set by him
to any and all of his creditors to the amount
of their just proportion of the taxes, accord-
ing to their legal claims on said property.
Under such a clause every man would pay
on What he actually owns, and not on what
he owes,while his creditor escapes. Specific
taxes should be levied on corporate property,
state licenses, etc., sufficient to pay all State
expenses: counties should be exempt from
taxation for State purposes

Fraternally yours,

H. H. TAYLOR.
Dowagiac, Aug. 6, 1881.

Meeting ‘of St. Joseph County Grange—Reply to the
Circular of the Tax Commission.

Bro. Cobb .-—St. Joseph County Grange,
No. 4, held a meeting at the hall of Centre-
ville Grange, Thursday, Aug. 4, Worthy
Master Wm. B. Langley in the chair. The
attendance was fair, although the day was
intensely hot and the roads dry and dusty.
All the active Granges in the county, except
those at White Pigeon and Mottville, were
represented. The morning session, in the
fifth degree, was short and given wholly to
routine work. The dinner prepared by the
Worthy Sisters was all that could be desired.
The tea, prepared from the leaves of a plant
which grows in the farmer's garden, in lieu
of the Chinese article, was certainly an ad-
vance in the interest of simplicity,economy,
and independence.

At the afternoon session, reports from the
Subordinate Granges in regard to crops in
their jurisdiction were called for, and inter-
esting statements made by Brothers Millard
of Leonidas, Handshaw of Parkville, Snyder
and Schoch of Riverside, Hay of Corey,
Runyan of Oakwood, Amos Sturgis of Stur-
gis, E. Himebaugh of Burr Oak, and James
Yauney of Centerville. Summing up was
as follows: Wheat, with a few exceptions,
a poor crop; corn, good; young clover, good
in some cases, in others a failure: some
wheat crops in sheltered situations were re-
ported good. Brother Wm. H. Castle, of
Colon, coming in late, was called upon and
responded with the information that wheat
in his township yielded about half a crop,
which was better than had been anticipated;
corn and oats were uniformly good. Inter-
esting remarks from several of the brothers
present followed these statements.

Arrangements for a county picnic at
Vaughan’s Grove, on Sturgeon Lake, in the
township of Colon, Aug. 13, were perfected.
Bro. C. E. Mickley, of Adrian, has engaged
to address the people who may assemble at
that time.

The committee appointed at the last meet-
ing to consider and answer the inquiries
contained in the circular sent out by the
Tax Commission, reported the following
recommendations, which were considered

and after considerable discussion adopted:

RECOMMENDATIONS TO THE TAX COMMISSION

That church property should be taxed the
same as other property;

Aflirms as satisfactory the present law in
regard to interest on delinquent taxes;

The committee asserted its belief that one-
half the personal property and credits es-
capes taxation, which opi_,nion was aflir med ;

That persons liable to taxation should be
required to make a sworn statement.

Land that is under mortgage pays taxes
on its full value. The mortgage is also sub-
ject to taxation, and, unless concealed, pays
another tax on the same property. The

,man having money or credits may deduct

any money he may have, and, therefore

pays taxes only on what he is actu-
-ally W)P5l1. We, therefore ask your
honorable body to report a bill that will
compel every man to pay a just and equit-
able proportion of taxes, with a heavy pen-
alty for any attempted evasion. This, we
believe, could be best accomplished by
allowing the owner of the land to pay the
taxes with the proviso that such propor-
tion ofit as belonged properly to the mort-

gage, should be allowed as payment of in-
terest on principal of said mortgage.

Specific taxation on real property for State
purposes is a system that involves more in-
justice to the people than any other . that
was ever devised. It is un-republican be-
cause it divides the community into classes
for purposes of taxation, because it is always
lower than general taxation, and being in
lieu of all other taxes it deprives our
municipalities of their legitimate revenue.

By general taxation one hundred dollars
in bank stock, farms, houses, or mechanical
industry pays in Michigan two dollars
taxes.

By specific taxation the telegraph proper-
ty in Michigan pays 23 cents on the hundred
dollars. The street railway property pays
25 cents and other railroads :37 cents on the
same amount, taking their own estimate of
value as a basis. Hence, in the interest of
justice and equality of burdens, we ask that
all property for taxation purposes be put on
an equal footing, believing that community
to be best governed where the burdens of
taxation are made to rest equally on all
property and its owners.

A discussion on what is the best variety
of wheat to sow in this County, was partici-
pated in by several large farmers, the most
of whom favored the Clawson.

The W'orthy Lecturer appointed Bro. C.
Y. Runyan to read a paper on the best vari-
ety of wheat to sow, and Bro. G. Himebaugh
one on ithe preparation of the soil. Bro.
David Henshaw was also requested to read
a paper on the fall sowing of Timothy and
the amount of seed per acre.

Ata late hour the labors of the day were
closed in the usual manner.

HENR\' COLLINS, Sec’y pro tem.

ANOTHER ACCOUNT.

Bro. Cobb:-—A meeting of St. Joseph Co.
Grange No. -1, was held at the Hall of Cen-
treville Grange No. 76, on Thursday, Aug.
4th, at 10 o’clock A. 

Reports of Subordinate Granges on crops
and stock, we summarize as follows: In all
but Colon it was thought wheat would not
yield more than 3 bushels per acre for the
land sown ;- Colon about 6 bushels, the qual-
ity not so good as last year. Hay, light
crop. Oats good where they were not des-
troyed by the army worm, which were
reported as doing more or less damage in the
townships of Sturgis, Sherman, Burr Oak,
Colon, Leonidas, Mendon, Fabius, Lockport,
Nottawa, Constantine, Florence and White
Pigeon, doing most damage in VVhite Pigeon
and Florence. The prospect of corn and
potatoes fair. Young cattle scarce, owing
to the large numbers of calves shipped out
of this county for the last three years. Hogs,
not enough in some townships to make as
much pork as is usually consumed by the
inhabitants.

A report was received from a committee
appointed at our last meeting on a circular
sent out by the committee appointed by our
last legislature, on taxation, containing sev-
eral questions. Each question was taken
up and discussed and adopted seriatim, after
which a resolution was adopted, requesting
the committee, when they arrived at their
conclusions on the matter to please furnish
the St. Joseph Co. Grange with a copy of the
same. _

Quite an interesting discussion was then
had on the preparation of ground for wheat,
the best varieties to be sown, and the
amount of seed to be sown on an acre, which
was continued until quite late, owing to the
very warm weather, the members thinking
it more pleasant td ride home in the evening.
The wheat question was carried over for
further discussion at our next meeting, and
the Lecturer gave out the following addi-
tional subjects. The best time tosow tim-
othy seed, and the amount per acre.

Our next meeting is to be held at Centre-
ville Grange hall, Thursday, Sept. 1st, at 10
o’clock A. M.. at which time we will be

pleased to seeall members of the Order that
can make it convenient to meet with us.
W. B. L
Centreville, Mich., Aug. 9, 1881.

An Attractive Home.
An excellent scheme for making home at-
tractive is that adopted by a gentleman of
Wooster, Ohio, by the name of S. Thorn-
ton. If all fathers would pursue a similar
course, better habits and better health would
accompany their children. Habits of indus-
try and practical ingenuity would be found
which would save them from the terrible,
but ordinary snares which constantly sur-
round the idle young men of the land.
Thornton says : “So soon as they are able to
handle them, I give the boys, tools of every
description. I have a boy 14 years of age who
can half-sole a pair of boots, make a leather
halter, mend all the harness, and make a
dove-tailed box as well as.most journeyman
mechanics. We have a shop and work-
bench and chest of tools, and on rainy days
doour own repairs. I give the children plen-
ty of interesting books to read,and a piano for
the girls and we make home interesting, and
they have no desire to be rambling away in
bad society. Iflnd it cheaper than to de-
fend them at court, as many fathers are com-
pelled to do.—Ea:.

  can ‘search memos.

To the Pomologists of Michigan.

MICHIGAN STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY.

His Excellency Governor Jerome having,
in pursuance of a resolution of the Legisla-
ture of the State, commissioned the follow-
ing persons to make a collection and exhibit
of the pomological products of Michigan, at
the session of the American Pomological
Society to occur at Boston, Mass., on the
14th, 15th and 16th of September next,— for
the purpose of said collection, such Commis-
sioners have distributed the territory of the
Lower Peninsula as follows:

Nortli-eastern Michigan to \’V. J. Beal,
Lansing.

South-eastern Michigan to E. H. Scott,
Ann Arbor.

South-western Michigan to T. '1‘. Lyon,
South Haven.

North-western Michigan to Hon. J. G.
Ramsdell, Traverse City.

Central Michigan to W. K. Gibson, Jack-
son, and H. Dale Adams, Galesburgh, Chair-
man Michigan Fruit Committee.

For the purpose‘of availing itself of the
aid of the State Horticultural Society and
its auxiliaries, the Board have determined
that the collection and exhibit shall be made
in the name of the Society, for the Slate.

Collectors and contributors are requested
to be guided by,the following general di-
rections:

1. Collections should include at least five
creditable specimens of each variety of the
fruits, nuts, etc., introduced and found to
succeed in the State, together with such
wild or indigenous ones as seem likely to
add interest to the exhibit or to aid in giving
a just conception of its capacity for the
growth or production of fruits. Of the
smaller fruits and nuts enough should be
sent to fill a dish and make an attractive
display.

2. Fruits maturing prior to Sept. 14 should,
when in proper condition for shipment, be
carefully packed.witl1 each variety separate-
ly labeled, and sent by express to the Com-
missioner in charge of the district, who will
pay the expressage, and will be provided
with facilities for its preservation.

3. Later fruits should be packed and for-
warded by express to T. T. Lyon, Horticul-
tural Rooms, Capitol, Lansing, to arrive
there not later than Friday, Sept. 9.
Charges will be paid at Lansing.

4. Collectors are reque:-i.ed -to correctly
name each variety sent, packing it in a sep-
arate bundle (or paper bag), and, in the case
of doubtful sorts, to send local names, habit
of tree, season of‘ maturity, etc., together
with any facts calculated to aid in their
identification. The same rule should be
observed in case of seedlings, adding also a
history of their origin.
5. Collectors are further requested to
choose specimens of even size, well colored,
and absolutely free from the marks of in-
sects or other imperfections. Wormy or
defective fruits will in no case be placed on
exhibition.

6. As far as practicable, the names of lo-
calities, societies, and individuals contribu-
ting will appear in connection with the
fruits exhibited; and it is therefore impor-
tant that the names of such contributors, to-
gether with lists of varieties, be forwarded
with the fruit. For all :such contributions
full credit will be given in the next volume
of the Transactions of the State Horticultur-
al Society. T. T. LYON, Chairman.

W. J. BEAL, Secretary.

July, 1881.

AMERICAN POMOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
To Pomologisls of Michigan .-

GENTLEMEN:--Agail] I am required by
the duties imposed upon me as Chairman of
the Fruit Committee of Michigan, by the
.American Pomological Society, to ask your
kind assistance and co-operation in sustain-
ing the high standing and character already
acquired in the field of pomology. The
American Pomological Society holds its 18th
session in the city of Boston, commencing
Wednesday, Sept. 14, at 10 A. M., and con-
tinuing three days. It is important that
Michigan should be represented by her
products and her fruit growers. The Michi-
gan State Horticultural Society, through her
officers and a commission appointed by the
Governor, have undertaken t e collection of
our fruits, and will spare no pains in proper-
ly placing them before the assembled pomo-
logists of the nation on that occasion. It is
necessary we go beyond this to fully com-
plete our work. The American Pomological
Sociel.y’s Biennial Report comprises the
accumulated experience of American po-
mologists, embracing a field containing 50
States and Territories, reaching from the
British provinces to the Gulf of Mexico.
The reputation acquired by our State,
through the instrumentality of the distin-
guished gentlemen who have preceded me
as Chairman of the Fruit Committee for
Michigan, has left a task to my hands, un-
equal to the occasion without your generous
aid. It is therefore desired that you send to
my address, on or before Sept. 1, 1881, all
the information possible relating to the fol-
lowing special subjects :-

lst, Species of Fruit. — What species of
fruit—apple, pear, peach, plum, cherry,
grape, nuts, etc.»-are grown successfully in
your locality?

2nd, Native Varieties. — If there are any
new varieties of recent origin in your local-
ity, giving promise of excellence, you will
please make special note of them.

3d, Synonyms.—-Give as much informa-
tion as may be in your power in regard to
the different names by which the same fruit
is known in your locality, especially new
varieties.

4th, Obstacles to Successful Fruit Culture.
—What are the chief obstacles to successful
fruit culture in your locality, as regards
soil, climate, insects, diseases, etc., and what
remedies have been most effectually em-
ployed? _

5th, Culture and Pruning.—What treat-
ment of the soil of fruit tree plantations,
and what system of pruning, have yield-
ed in general the best results? '

9th. Storing and Keeping Winter Fruits.
— What methods are most successfully
practiced ?

7th, Packages:-—What sort of packages
have been found most advantageous, espec-
ially for shipment to distant markets and
especially to Europe?

8th, Statistics.—Statistics showing the ex-
tent and progress of fruit. culture in your
locality during the past two years, including
amount shipped to markets outside the
State. ,

9th, Facts bearing upon other kindred
subjects, and especially such as bear upon
the fruit capacities of the more northerly

and less known section of the State.

It is with a desire to make these State _re-
ports as perfect an exhibit of the condition
of fruit culture as possible, and thus con-
tinue the work of perfecting the Society’s
catalogue, that your aid and co-operation is
respectfully solicited. _

In accordance with custom, and the priv-
ilege delegated to the Chairman of the Fruit
Committee for Michigan by the American
Pomological Society, I have appointed the
following persons as assistants and repre-
sentatives for Michigan: T.T. Lyon, South
Haven, Van Buren Co ; N. Chilson, Battle
Creek. Calhoun Co.; S. VV. Dorr, Manches-
ter, Washtenaw 0).; J. G. Ramsdell, Trav-
erse City, Grand Traverse Co ; E. F. Gould,
Saginaw, Saginaw Co., and \Villiam Bows,
Walker, Kent Co. Truly yours,

H. DALE ADAMS,
Chairman Michigan Fruit Committee.
Gralesburgh, July 1, 1X81.

Canning Fruit.

As therewill be alarge quantity of fruit can-
ned this season,we give below another meth-
od of performing this desirable and pleas-
ing part of domestic economy. It is from

iiig county, New York. She gives the fol-
lowing as her method of canning fruit:
Pare the peaches, put them in a stone jar
or porcelain kettle, a layer of peaches find a
sprinkle of sugar alternate‘y,say from four to
six ounces sugar to one pound of fruit or
sufficient to sweeten it for the table, and let
it stand a day or'two before canning, when
the sugar so hardens that it is not likely to
cook to piecies, aiidjuice enough is found
to require no addition of water. Then put
the fruit’on the fire to scald in a porcelain
kettle, and when it is thoroughly scalded, I
wring a cloth out of cold water and spread
it on the table four double; rinse out thejars
in warm water, and set them on the cloth
and fill them with hot fruit, and seal them
tight with rubber, wax, oranything else and
let them stand on the cloth until the cans
are cool, then put them away in a dark cool
place, and the fruit will keep good until you
wish to use it. Perhaps you will say any
fool Will_know the jars will break filled in
this way. I have tried different kinds of
jars, and have never broken one, and have
put up peaches, apples, plums, etc, and the
fruit has kept as good as when I stood over
a hot stove to fill them, and lifted around
the great boiler of water. Ifthe fruit is scald-
ed in a kettle, and then put in the jars, we
are able to put more fruit in the same jars
than ifit was put up fresh in the jars and
scalded in them; and this is an item when
there is adozen in a family to feed.”

How To Be Happy.

Keep good company or none.

Live up to your engagements.
own secrets, if you have any.

VVhen you speak to a person, look him in
the face.

Good character is above all things else.

Your character cannot be injur ,d except
by your own acts.

If any one speaks evil of you, let your life
be so that none will believe him.

Drink no kind of intoxicating liquors.

Ever live (misfortune excepted) within
your income.

When you retire to bed, think over what
you have been doing during the day. Make
no haste to be rich, if you would prosper.

Small and steady gains give competency
with tranquility of mind.

Never play at any game of chance.

Avoid temptation, through fear you may
not withstand it.

Never run into debt, unless you see a way
to get out again.

Never borrow, if you can possibly avoid

Keep your

it, ,
Sever speak evil of any one. ‘
Be just before you are generous.
Keep yourself innocent if you would be

happy.

Save when you are young, to spend when
you are old.

“VVhatsoever ye would that men should
do to you, do ye even so to them.”

GOING TO SLEEP.——It is a delicious mom-

ent certainly, that of being well nestled in
’bed, and feeling that you can gently drop to
sleep. The good is to come—not passed; the
limbs havejust been tried enough to render
the remaining in one position delightful; the
labor of the day is gone. A gentle failureof
the perception creeps over you, the spirit of
consciousness disengages itself more and
more, and with slow and liushing degrees,
like a mother detaching her hand from that
of her sleeping child, the mind seems to
have a balmy lid cover it like the ev%’tis
closed. The mysterious spirit hasgone to
take its airy rounds.

ONLY three Presidents of the United States
ever mentioned the subject ofagriculture in
their inaugural addresses, to wit: Washing-
ton, Hayes and Garfield.

ONE hundred and thirty-nine millions of
tickets were used on the French railways
during 1880. One out of every 7,000,000 of
passengers was killed by accidents.

PICNICS.

Rural Grange, No. 37, and adjoining
Granges, will hold a basket picnic at Briggs’
grove, one-half mile east of the village of
Wayland, Tuesday, Aug. 16th, 1881. Thosf
F. Moore, of Adrian, and E. G. Holden, of
Grand Rapids, are expected to speak on
that day. Come one, come all,and enjoy
with us this harvest feast.

A. D. TOWSLEY, W. M.

There will be a Grange picnic three miles
east of North Branch village, on Aug. 24th.
Bro. M. L. Stevens is expected to address
the people on that day.

Fraternally yours,
Jacon W. SCHELL, Sec’y.

A Farmers’ Festival and Basket Picnic,
under the auspices of the Traverse District
Grange, will be held on the Fair Grounds at
Traverse City, Aug. 25, 1881. Orator of the
day, Hon 0. G. Luce, Master of the Michi-
gan State Grange. ‘Hon. Geo. Parmalee, ‘of
Old Mission, will address the audience in
the afternoon. The exercises will be inter-
spersed with singing. Everybody is invited
to the Harvest Home Picnic. -

S. H. HYDE.

Martha S. L. Durfee, of Coviugton, VVyom- ‘

NOTICES OF MEETINGS.

VVe received too late for the Visiroa of
Aug. 1st, a notice of a regular meeting of
Calhoun County Grange, set down for the
11th inst., at the hall of Penfield Grange.

The program accompanying the notice of
meeting was such an excellent one that we
give it for the good of the Order, and hope
some one in attendance will give us a syn-
opsis of what was said and done.

Questions for discussion by Calhoun Co.
Grange, at its regular meetings, Aug. 11:——

Vtlhat legislation is required and what
changes are necessary in business methods
to enable producers and laborers to retain in
their own hands an equitable proportion of
the profits of their own labor‘?

What are the underlying causes of that
civil commotion in Russia, that has resulted
in the assassination of the Czar ‘.’

l)o purchasers discriminate enough in
price between prime and an inferior article
of butter?

\Vhat is the best care of poultry to pro-
duce the greatest profit 2’

Does it pay to raise and feed rutabagas ‘.‘

\Vhat is the highest end and aim to be
attained by a farmer's life ‘.‘

Can our highway fences be dispensed
with ‘.’

Yours fraternally,
MRs. PERRY Mayo,
Marshall, Mich. Secretary.

The Barry County Pomona Grange will
hold its next regular meeting at the Hall of
the Johnstown Grange, in the township of
Johnstown, on Thursday, August 2-3, at 1
o’clock P.)(. All fourth degree members
are invited to attend.

The questions for discussion at this meet-
ing are as follows :— _

1. Report of the committee on Insurance,
as to the advisability of withdrawing from
the l\Iutual Fire Insurance Company of
Barry and Eaton Counties with a view to
organizing aCoinpany in Barry County.

:2. Report of the Committee on Political
Econoniy.——Isit practicable to aniiulall law
for the collection of debts‘?

3. Report of Committee on Farm Econo-
my.——Is it economy to do without road fen-
ces? Which is the most profitable, special
or mixed husbandry‘?

4. Report of Committee on Transporta-
tion.—Is it the duty of Congress to regulate
inter-State commerce '.‘

A. PARKER, Sec’y.

Johnstown, Banfield P. 0,, Aug. 1, '81.

Program of the harvest feast of VVayne
County Pomona Grange, to be held at Mon-
guagon Grange hall, Friday, Aug. 19, com-
mencing at 10: 30 A. 31.:

10:30 A.M —Call to order by the Worthy
Master, 0. R. Patteiigell. Music. Words
of welcome, by James Vreeland. Response
by the VVorthy Master. Report of Subordi-
nate Granges.

12 M.—Music. Essay: Farm Machinery-—
John Wells, of Flat Rock Grange. Discus-
sion. Report of Surprise Committee: Sis-
ters (‘lark and Vreeland, of Monguagon
Grange, and Brother McDonald, of Willow
Grange.

1 P M.—The feast is waiting!

2:30 P.M.——Call to order. Music. Essay:
Bells.——Miss Ettie McDonald, of VVillow
Grange. Discussion.

3: 30 P.M.——Music. Essay: Home.— Mrs.
E. P. F. Bradford, of Redford Grange. Dis-
cussion.

4:30 P.M.—Music. Essay: Farmer’s Life.
—Robert Brighton, of Willow Grange.
Discussion: Good of the Order.

EvENrNG.—VVork in the fifth degree.

The following is the program to be carried
out at the next meeting of Kalamazoo
County Grange, to be held at Scotts the 18th
of August.

Paper on mixed farming -0. H. Fellows.

Essay: Decoration of Farmers’ Homes.
—Mrs. H. Dale Adams.

Essay.—Mrs. S. Richardson.

The following resolution will be offered by -

S. F. Brown and will be open for discussion :

Resolved, That corporations are the creat-
uies of law and should be subject to the
control of the power that created them.

Yours fraternally,
E. A. STRONG,

Vicksburg, Aug. 6. Lect. Kal. Co. Grange.

The next meeting of Western Pomona
Grange, No. 19, will be held at Trent Grange
hall, Muskegon Co., on Thursday and Fri-
day. August 25 and 26. An invitation is ex-
tended to all 4th degree members.

W. F. KELLY, Sec’y.

The third quarterly meeting of District
Grange No. 17 will be held at the hall of
Elk Lake Grange, No. 469, Sept. 7 and 8,
1881, opening at 1 o’clock P. M. of first day.
All fourth degree members are cordially in-
vited to attend. Let all true members, on
the 17th inst., lay self aside for a little time
and labor to advance the cause we have es-
poused and promised to sustain.

By Order of the Grange,
S. H. HYDE, Sec,

The next meeting of Hillsdale Pomona
Grange, No. 10, will be held at Woodbridge
Grange hall, on the first Wednesday in
September. Program is as follows: Essay
by Sister H. L. Desbro. Select reading by
Sister A. Hewitt. Discussion on wheat
culture, including a decision as to what va-
riety of wheat does best on all kinds of soil
—opened by Bro. Moses Willetts.

N. T. BROCKWAY, Sec’y_

BIRTHPLACE or THE ORDER.—We have a
few copies of this engraving still on hand.
We will send a. single copy by mail for 10
cents; three copies for 25 cents. Address
0. L. Whitney, Muskegon, Box 321, or order
of J. T. Cobb, at Schoolcraft.

A MAN was walking alongachicagostreet
singing “Heaven is my home.” “Don’-t
you feel homesick ?” yelled a small boy who
passed him.


. .:,«,.....,,..... - ......am»u;enn.- - V-

6

THE

cgatlies’ flipaqtnqtlit.

‘A DREAM OF HOME.

BY A. E. D.

Far away, in memory's shadow.
here's a dream that haunts me still
' Of my home at Willow Glen,
By the purling, laughing rill.

Once again I see the faces
Of the ones so dear to me;

Once again I catch a glimpse
Of the cottage in the lea.

Once again I'm wandering
Up and down along the hill,

VVhile in and out among the shadows
Joyfully flit the birds at will.

Now I'm sitting by the brook:
The sun sinks in the west,

And Evening throws her starry mantle
O'er the home I love the best.

In the east the moon has risen,
And a calm and mellow light

Through the open door is falling
On the carpet, warm and bright;

VVhile seated, round the hearth,
Familiar faces I seem to see-—

My uncles, and my grandma
With the children at her knee.

Essay on Housekeeping.

The question, how may hvuse work be
made more attractive and less monotonous to
our young girls is one, which, in some form
or other often presents itself to many busy,
anxious mothers, and, indeed, the question
taken in its broadest sense, is one which
concerns us all, and in which we all have
an interest. It is a subject much in need
of thought and agitation, involving as it
does so much of the well being and happi-
ness of so many millions of people. Be-
cause in every home, no matter how humble,
or, on the other hand, how grand or mag-
nificent, that dots‘ the vast prairies of the
West, or nestles amongthe hills and vales of
the East, everywhere, through the wide ex-

panse of our beautiful land where a home‘

has been erected, is this question of house-
work involved.

It is a branch of farm industry (ifI may be
allowed to coin such an expression,for we are
speaking of course of farmers’ homes and
households) that has been too much and too
long neglected. It seems unaccountable
that so little importance has been attached
to that upon which hinges the whole work
of the farm ; that so little thought, and in-
vention, and means should be expended
upon that department without which our
reapers and mowers would stand rusting
and crumbling in their tracks, while weeds
and bushes would soon run riot over our
fair acres, nodding their wild bloom and
defiantly tossing their branches in the very
sunshine and showers which would other-
wise be nourishing our most valuable crops.
If then, so much depends upon this depart
ment of labor, what reasons have intelligent
men and women to give as the ground of
their inactivity in seeking means of dimin-
ishing the amount and variety of work
which usually falls to the lot of woman ‘.’

Farmers’ wives have too much, a great
deal too much to do and see to. “ Woman's
work is never done,” says the old adage.
How true, and the reason is very plain. It
is because there is so much of it and ma-
chinery has not been brought to the aid of
women as it has to man. Where man once
went through the tedious task of reaping
his grain entirely by hand, where be bent
with the scythe over the broad fields of
stately Timothy or sweet scented clover,
where he plodded many a weary mile over
plowed ground following the harrow, he
now sits in the springiest of spring seats,
and rides in triumph and at his ease. But
asto women, we are bound to the tradi-
tions of our mothers.

“ We think the same thoughts that our mothers have
thought:

We cook the same victuals, we fry the same pork ;

We make the same biscuit, we bake the same beans ;

We wash, and we iron, and we sew the same seams.”

Some one says, “ Our mothers ate the grapes
of household drudgery, and the teeth of their

-daughters are still on edge.”

But machinery can never come to the aid
of woman in some so-called woman’s work
as it can to man in his work. No machine
can he invented to run down cellar or up
stairs forty times each day, or to bake the
pies, puddings, bread, and cake, or to sweep
and dust, mop and scrub, or to make the
beds, and pick up and put to rights, or to
dress and undress the little ones, to hunt
the toys, and try the sleds and the fractious
sticks, (imagined to be horses), or to wash
the little hands and faces, and sooth the
little weary ones to sleep.

The work usually apportioned to the
wife and daughter is, truly, that belonging
to at least half a dozen separate industries.
In no country but America is the washing,
ironing, and bread-making done in one’s
own house. These things properly belong
to separate industries, and would give em-
ployment to adopts in the business. In no
other country does the wife and mother in
wealthy families have to cook, wash, and
mend for from two to six or eight hired men.
N 0 other class of women on earth, we ven-
ture to assert, of equal wealth and standing,
have to work so hard and lead such a lonely,
monotonous treadmill life as the wife of the

ERA

American farmer. But to some of us,
thinking of our own easy, comfortable lot,
this may appear an extravagant assertion,
but to substantiate the position, we will
quote from some true statements. Says an
English writer on the subject, “ It is enough
to make one’s heart ache to hear of the
wretched slavery of their western settlers’
wives, and this from a statement of one of
these wives. Her husband owned 800 acres
of land in Iowa, owned a reaper, mower,
horse rake, and various other more or less
costly labor-saving implements. All har-
vest time nine men were employed. The
wife, mother of five children, one a babe
in arms, was expected to have breakfast
daily on the table before sunrise for all this
company. She helped in the evening milk-
ing of nine cows during the busiest part of
the season, with the babe on her lap if
awake, and the other children crying from
sleepiness. She also had the churning
to do when the dog was refractory and re-
fused to churn, to carry the sour milk to the
pigs, to make and mend, wash, starch, and
iron, wash, dress, and feed the little chil-
dren, to pick, can, or otherwise preserve the
fruit for winter, to cook not only the three
regular meals a day, but prepare the lunch-
eon eaten in the field also. All this seemed
to be taken as a matter of course. Other
women had about the same work to do, un-
less, perhaps, not so many children, or,
happily, their husbands did not farm so
many acres. She seemed to think it rather
hard, however, to lug up the milk from the
cellar to thepig pen, but the last straw in
her case was this 2 she had asked one of the
“ bands,” who was sitting on the porch, she
being in the desperate flurry of dashing up
dinner, with a crying baby on one arm, to
fetch her apail of water from the spring, and
thereupon been reproved by her husband.”

No wonder housework becomes irksome
and repulsive to the daughters of farmers
while such a state, or even approximate
state of things is allowed to exist in the
homes of wealthy farmers! No wonder
their daughters do not want to marry farm-
ers. Their love for the serene and heavenly
beauty of the country may be akin to that of
Tell for the peaks and crags of his native
land, yet they are willing and glad to turn
their backs upon it and leave it all forever,
ifhappily they may escape the everlasting
rush and hurry, the never ending round,
the dozen and one things that have ever to
be kept in mind at one time, together with
the loneliness and isolation, all of which
combined often render housework in the
farmer’s home too intolerable for anything.
These are the things which make the
daughters of rich farmers glad to marry
a cobbler or a poor mechanic in pref-
erence to a well—to-do farmer. It is this
which sends so many of their Wives to the
insane asylum.

It is said that evil is wrought for want of
thought. The spirit of progress does not
seem to have invaded the households of our
farmers. We seem to think that because
our mothers and our grandmothers, who
were beginners in a new and unbroken
country, toiled, and scrimped, and saved
every penny, and thus deprived themselves
of the luxuries and refinements of life, that
we must walk in their footsteps. And so
after a day of worry and hard work we are
found sitting up into the long, late hours of
the night, with eyelids heavy with sleep,
with an aching head, weary and dispirited,
patiently mending, patching, and darning,
thinking in our blindness that we -are
economizing. Oh, mistaken economy! Oh,
costly and extravagant garments when pro-
cured or preserved at the price of health and
happiness and often the very life itself of
many a noble mother of a. family of bright
and beautiful little children ! The evil thus
wrought both to the children and the un-
thinking, the perhaps unkind husband, is
beyond computation. We are told that it
is amother’s prerogative to train up her
children in the way they should go, that
this is her especial duty. But to make any
lasting impression upon a child's mind it
must be by “line upon line, precept upon
precept.” It takes much time and patience,
and that always to be accompanied by a liv-
ing, cheerful example. But what time
can a mother give, or what manner of
teacher is she who is for a family of from
six to ten baker, cook, laundress, seamstress,
housekeeper, head servant and under serv-
ants, and nursery governess? How can
such an one have time to teach her children
all that they should be and may become. the
great and noble beings it is their right to be‘?
A mother needs some time for reading and
study that she may rightly attend to the
moral and religious training of her children,
a task we are too often told is left to the
common and Sunday school teacher. She
needs much time to teach them all that is
expected or required at her hands. They
must be taught the laws of health, and she
must see that they obey them. They must
be taught good behavior, obedience, self-
control, self-reliance, industrious habits, etc.
Her sons must have it firmly impressed up-
on their minds that to be good men they
must not be profane or vulgar or intemper-
ate, nor chew tobacco, nor drink tea or
coffee; her daughters, that they must not
wear tight shoes or those that oblige them
towalk on their toes, nor to try to make
their waist look like a wasp’s, and that they

must not smoke cigarets or chew gum.-

Elizaheth Cady Stanton, whom you know

GE VE§EIE©;_E9,

A UGUST 1.5, 1881.

to be a wise, earnest, scholarly woman, re-
monstrates, with the girls about chewing
gum somewhat after this wise: “ It is a use-
less, unbecoming, injurious habit.” And
that there is nothing to justify any one in
its use, “The young men,” she says, “can
quote a passage of scripture for themselves
in the use of tobacco, but can you find any-
thing between the lids of the Bible favoring
the chewing of gum?” By the way, the
passage that the young men claim as favor-
ing the use of tobacco is this: “Let him
that is filthy be filthy still.”

Now, we are asked, How can housework
be made less distasteful and monotonous to
our young girls‘? \Ve would answer, By
ceasing to overtax their mothers, and so ul-
timately the daughters themselves. And to
do this it is necessary to diminish both the
amount and variety of labor in the house-
hold, in order to avoid that rush and hurry
which when incessant is to the young both
confusing and discouraging. To this end we
would venture to suggest, for wealthy farm-
ers with large households and indeed for all
farmers, co-operative laundries, bakeries,
cheese factories and creameries, and that the
hired hands when possible board at home.

Leaving the perfecting and carrying
out of this plan to the giant arms and
minds that have done such wonders in
subduing the mighty forests and bringing
into cultivation the wild paradise of our
land, we will proceed to say that although
every child should be taught to work, and
to do this work well, with neatness and
dispatch and regularity, we should at the
same time avoid overtaxing them with hard
work, as the chief business of the young is
to eat, grow, and be happy. As regards girls
taking such a strong dislike to certain kinds
of work, such as washing dishes, cleanipg
knives and kettles, the only remedy in my
experience is not to do this work for them,
but to keep them at it, letting the surround-
ings be as pleasant and cheerful as possible,
until by much practice they learn to per-
form the feat with neatness and ease,
when it will not be a terror but a pleasure.
But how to diminish the amount and vari-
ety of work in the household is a problem
worthy of the most serious consideration of
the wisest.

As things now are the time ofthe farmer's
wife is about equally divided between solid
hard work and varying petty details, a life,
one will admit, as rather unfavorable to the
best social and intellectual growth — no
rest, no recreation, no time for thought and
study, but doomed to dabble in an unsatis-
factory way in so many different callings,
in fact to be “ Jack of all trades and mas-
ters of none,” until it would seem at times,
as a despairing housekeeper says, “ It would
be better if we would step down and out of
the social life of the home altogether and
stay forever in the kitchen.” But this we
cannot do because of our children, that like
the poor we have always with us, and
whether for good or ill, willing or unwilling,
they must receive their first and most last-
ing impressions from their mother, he she
a serene, happy, intelligent ‘and learned
women, or one overworked, faded, spiritless,
and uncultured, all the same she is the mod-
eler an.i moulder of the minds of her chil-
dren. The mother is the gauge that surely
and accurately marks the rise and depres-
sion in the intellectual and social standing
of her class.

Farmers, would you have your daughters
see the beauty and dignity of labor well
performed? VVould you have them healthy,
happy, and respected? A hint to the wise
is sufficient. MRS. M. A. PACKER.

Hartford, July 14, 1881.

Improvidence.

Eminent physicians and those who make
the human system a study tell us not to
make use of condiments, and that spices in
any form are objectionable. But with our
perverted appetites we crave them, although
we are aware that they do not afford any
nourishment. They make the substantial
food more relishable, and we partake of it in
greater quantities, so that perhaps spices are
of some use even if not allowable.

For some time past the columns of the
Ladies’ Department of the VISITOR have
been filled with the substantials. Articles
full of rich, nourishing thoughts, sober, ear-
nest ideas,which will not “ vanish as quick-
ly as sunshine on the sea,” have been
written for others to enjoy and retain as
helps on the pathway of life. But for “a
change,” I thought I would venture to come
again to this department, so generously do-
nated to the “ sisters,” and give you a few
evanescent ideas on an ordinary topic, yet
one full of meaning.

“ Webster defines ‘improvidence’ as a
want of foresight; a neglect of forecasting
the measures and means for convenience,
and_ providing for future exigencies: and
also adds that half the inconveniences and
losses of life are the efi'ects of improvidence. ”

Take for instance the simple yet necessary
not of replenishing the flour-barrel. How
much vexation and annoyance and some-

,times harsh words are caused by an over-
sight or lack of thought in observing how
much flour there is on hand and neglecting
to inform the men folks in due time that
they will be obliged to go to “mill” if they
expect the usual quantity of pie, cake and
bread to be set before them when they come
to the table and say they are “ as hungry as

bears! ” I don't wonder there frowns and
impatient words when a man has planned
acertain amount of work to be done in a
given timefwhen there are so many acres of
corn to cultivate, or on a hot summer morn-
ing, when he has calculated to reap so much
grain, or when it looks so much like rain
and there are several loads of hay ready to
be drawn to the barn,——to have all his plans
frustrated by the “ominous” words, “ \Ve
are out of flour: not enough to make a loaf
of bread or a tin of biscuit.” There is no
help for it but to stop and fan out a bushel
or two of wheat and go to mill, breaking up
a half day ; or else the wife must put on her
sun-bonnet and go over to the neighbors
and “ borrow" for to-day, and if the man
does not get time to go to mill that day, why
then it is borrow again the next day. A
miller once told his daughter, when she was
about to commence house-keeping for her-
self, that if she would make it a “ point" to
notify her husband, three days beforehand,
that the flour-barrel was nearly empty, she
would save hersc{f much trouble and incon-
venience, and very many unhappy mo

ments: “ for,” said he, “if you know what
I do of the thriftlesness of farmers and their
wives, you would be surprised." He said
that very often a boy or man would come
post-haste to mill and say, “Grind this as
quick as you can, for there is not a speck of
flour in the house and we have extra hired
men” or “a houseful of unexpected com-
pany.” Perchance the miller would have a
large grist for some one else, and could not
grind that bag of wheat “quick.” He said
if farmers would make an estimate how
much flour the family would need for a cer-
tain number of weeks or months, clean the
wheat up nicely, take it to mill, have it
ground and put in paper sacks or tight flour-
barrels, it would go farther, make nicer
bread (as “ripe” flour is the best), and the
miller would be apt to give him as good flour
as his wheat would make. April is the best
month to get the wheat ground for summer
use, before the bugs, worms and winged mil-
lers have come to life. Then again, farmers
have more leisure time than in midsummer.

In purchasing the article of sugar, what a
waste there is in buying a dollar’s worth at
a time, paying for so much paper and twine
and forever being out! Every time the team
goes to town the “ pass-word ” is, “ We are
out of sugar: Don’t forget to bring home
some sugar.’ " I should really think the
name of that article would become “ dis-
tasteful” even if a person had a prom-
inent sugar tooth. It is almost a by-word,
and when a man went to town and failed to
remember what he had been sent for, he
could say to himself, “ Well, it must be sug-
ar : we are always out of that.”

Farmers ought to buy sugar by the barrel,
tea by the chest or at least half-chest, coffee
by the sack, and other groceries in propor-
tion, not spending so much time going after
these things in a busy season, and thereby
saving the trouble of getting so many pack-
ages—a trouble which seems trifling at the
time, but in the aggregate amounts to con-
siderable. To buy in quantities is economy
and prudent management, and costs less in
the main. The cotton cloth, towelling and
calico ought to be purchased by the piece, as
it cuts to better advantage than when bought
a few yards at a time as a garment is needed.
Thread, buttons, needles, edgings and em-
broideries, if.bought in reasonable quanti-
ties, cost very much less. A little wise fore-
casting will many times afford opportunities
for providing for the needs of the family. I
know there is a proverb, “ Let the morrow
take care of itself,” but it is not always wise
to follow the injunction implicitly.

This topic is freighted with innumerable
ideas, and a much longer article might be
written, full of hints and helps; but people
will stop to read a short article, when many
times, if it were more interesting but of
greater length, they would pass it by. Short
sermons and short essays always please the
best. MYRA.

The Great Wall of China.

An.American engineer who, being engaged
in the construction of a railroad in China,
has had unusually favorable op ortunities of
examining the famous Great all, built to
obstruct the incursions of the Tartars, gives
the following account of the-wonderful work.

“The wall is 1,728 miles long, 18 feet wide
and 15 feet thick at the top. The foundation
throughout is of solid granite, the remainder
of compactfmasonry. At intervals of be-
tween two and three hundred yards towers
rise up 25 to 30 feet high, and 20 feetin diam-
eter. On the top of the wall, and on both
sides of it, are masonry parapets, to enable
the defenders to pass unseen from one tower
to another. The wall itself is carried from
point to point in a perfectly straight line,
across valleys and plains and over hills,with-
out the slightest regard to the configura-
tion of the ground, sometimes plunging
down into abysses a thousand feet deep.
Brooks and rivers are bridged over by the
wall, while on both banks of larger streams
strong flanking towers are placed.”

ONE Grange writer says: “ What is more
attractive and grand, in the bitterness of
sectional strife, than to see men and wom-
en of all parties and all denominations of
religion meet and mingle together in frater-
nal harmony and erect capacious halls
whose doors are open alike to all doctrines,
political or religious -— halls in which
youth, manhood, and old age, men and
women, rich and poor, meet on a perfect
equalit to enjoy, to learn, to resolve and to
vote? dies, in the Grange, men and women,
boys and girls of fourteen, vote and deter-
mine supremacy, from the humblest to the

greatest questions which agitate mankind.”

Rates of Postage.

The following shows the rates of postage
on letters, printed matter and mail matter,
foreign and domestic:

First ClaSS—-L€tl€‘l‘.~.', and all matter wholly
or partially in writing,and all matter sealed
against inspection, 3 cents per half ounce or
fraction thereof. Postal cards, 1 cent.

Second class—R«-gular publications issued
as frequently as four times a year, when
mailed by the publisher or by news agents
to subscribers and news agents only, ‘.2 cents
per pound.

Third class-—'I‘ransient newspapers, books,
circulars, and all other matter wholly in
print, rate l cent for each two ounces or
fraction thereof. Reproductions by hecto-
graph and similar processes are classed as
printed matter.

Fourth class—l\Ierchandise and all matter
not included in the other three classes
which has not been declared unmailablc,
as being liable to damage the mail or injure
the persons of those handling it in the
mail, rate, one cent per ounce or fraction
thereof. The sender may write his own
address or name on matter of the third or
fourth classes.

Foreign n1-ails—Upon letters to all coun-
tTlrS in the postal union, five cents per half
ounce or fractional part tlierof. Postal
cards, two cents Printed matter, commer-
cial papers and samples of merchandise, one
cent for each two ounces or fractional part
thereof; but at least five cents must be paid
upon commercial papers. Registration to
all_parts of the United States and the postal
union. ten cents for each package, upon
VVl_J(llL'll the postage must also be fully pre-
pal .

The Situation.

The market is not as strong asit was three
weeks ago. Buyers, both east and west, are
holding back,giving dealers in the east time
to open their wool, and farmers who have
not sold, time to cut their harvest. A smal-
ler proportion of wool has gone east than us-
ual, but enough wool bought at 35c has pro-
bably gone forward to keep the market sup-
plied for a time, and manufacturers, know-
ing how well their “hand to mouth” policy
worked last season, may again hold back.
If they do, we cannot anticipate the low
prices oflast season. The situation is diff-
erent. The supply of foreign wool does not
come to the front as a continual menace to
any advance in prices, which are now below
any prospect ofimportation, and unless there
is an advance here, or a fall there, foreign
ports are not likely to send us any wool. Quo-
tations are not as strong on most grades;
among the lower quotations are XX, for
which 43 to 44c may be considered a fair
quotation. Medium and staple wools have
depressed but little.— Wool Growers’Bullet2'n.

How to Keep Cool.

“During the terrible hot nights of the first
weeks of July,” said a gentleman who had
spent several years in South America, "1
slept comfortable and kept cool by adopting
the plan which I learned and found prac-
ticed in the torrid climate of South Amer-
ica. Just before retiring take a cool bath,
not violent but cooling, after which don
your night shirt without drying the body
and lie down. The result is astonishing-
it is much like that produced by sprinkling
water on the floor in the evening. The wa-
ter absorbs the heat, and as it evaporates
throws the heat off with it, leaving the body
dry and cool. If the bath is not convenient
sprinkle the bed with water. If both can he
done it is better. In South America the
beds are all sprinkled just before retiring,
otherwise it would be about impossible to
obtain any sleep. The recipe is one that is
infallible, as I know from long experience,
and there is no danger in it.”

To SAY that a train had been stopped by
caterpillars would sound like a Yankee
yarn, yet such a thing actually took place
on the local railway a few days ago. In
the neighborhood of Turakina, New Zea-
land, an army of caterpillars hundreds of
thousands strong, was marching across the
line, bound for a new field of oats, when
the train came along. Thousands of the
creeping vermin were crushed by the
wheels of the engine, and suddenly the
train came to a dead stop. On examination
it was found that the wheels of the engine
had become so greasy that they kept on
revolving without advancing—they could
not grip the rails. The guard and the
engine driver procured sand and strewed it
on the rails, and the train made a fresh
start, but it was found that during the stop-
page caterpillars in thousands had crawled
all over the engine, and over all the car-
riages inside and oiit.——1Vew Zealand Paper,

As by constant friction steel is kept high-
ly polished, so by constant exercise is talent
ever at its brightest. All our powers grow
by use.

A WASHINGTON chemist finds that sour
milk, thickened with melted tallow and
lard, was used in samples of ice cream sub-
mitted to him.

FLIES may be effectually disposed of with-
out the use of poison. Take one teaspoon-
ful of brown sugar and one teaspoonful of
cream. Mix them well together and place
them in a room on a plate where flies are
troublesome, and they will very soon disap-
pear.

A CAPITAL of $50,000 was promptly sub-
scribed for a company to manufacture sugar
from amber cane and cornstalks in Jeffer-
son, 0. It is backed by very substantial
business men. A large force is now at work
on the building. -The farmers in the neigh-
borhood heartily believe in the cane.

FROM returns to the Agricultural Depart-
ment it appears that the acreage of potatoes
in the countr is two per cent. greater than
last year, an
condition. . The acreage of tobacco is also
greater than last year, being about the same
as in 1879, and this crop is in good condi-
tion.

M. CHATOT recommends common saltas
an antidote for mildew on vines. By
sprinkling a handful of salt around the
base of each vine, the effect, he says, was
marvelous; and vines hitherto covered with
this fungus. grew luxuriantly, and had an
abundance of rapes. entirely free from
odium.—Paris aper.

4 ..  ‘

>0-at

the crop is reported in fined


 

AUGUST 15, 1881.

N Euntln’ Eepaqfmenl.

Grandpa and Bess.

Two bright heads in the corner,
Deep in the easy chair;
One with a crown of yellow gold,
And one like the silver fair:
One with the morning’s rosy flush,
And one with the twilight’s tender hush.

"Where do the New Years come from ?”

Asks Goldilocks in her glee ;
“Do they sail in a pearly shallop

Across a wonderful sea;

A sea whose waters with rainbows spanned,

Touch all the borders of fairy land 1'

"Do all the birds in that country
Keep singing by night and by day,
Singing among the blossoms
That never wither away 'r
Will'they let you feel as you hold them near, I
Their warm hearts beating, but not with fear I

"And the happy little children,
Do they wander as they will,
To gather the sweet, wild roses,
And the strawberries on the hill,——
White wings like butterflies all afloat,
And a purple cloud for a fairy boat I

“There surely is such a country,
I've seen it many a night,
Though I never, never could find it
Awake in the morning light;
And that is the country o'er the sea,
Where the beautiful New Years wait for me.”

" ~Where do the New Years come from ‘E ’
Says Grandpa looking away
Through the frosty rime on the window,
To the distant hills so gray ;
"They come from the country of youth, I know,
And they pass to the land of the long ago.

“ ‘And which is the fairest country ?’

Dear heart, I never can tell ;

Where the New Years wait their dawning

Or the beautiful Old Years dwell ;
But the sweetest summers that ever shown
To the land of the long ago have flown.

“The New Years wait for you, darling ;
And the Old Years wait for me:
They have carried my dearest treasures
To the country over the sea. ;
The eyes that were brightest, the lips that sung
The gladdest carols when life was young.

"But I know of a better country,
Where the Old Years all are new ;
I shall find its shining pathway
Sooner, sweet heart, than you :
And I’ll send you a message of love and cheer
W'ith every (lawn of a glad New Year.”

The eyes of the dear old pilgrim
Are looking across the snows,
\Vhile closer nestles the merry face,
With its flush like a pink wild rose,-
Dreaming together, the young and old,
Locks of silver and crown of gold.
—Emz'l_z/ Hzintizigtoiz Miller, in Litlle Oorporul.

Dear Uncle Nine .~—I have never made a
mica air castle, but I have been going to
school. I like to study, read and spell. I
like to read the Grange paper, and as I saw
Nettie Gifi'ord’s puzzle, I thought I would
try what I could do for an answer. It is
composed of 11 letters and the whole is
something her father keeps. He keeps a
Grange store. Now, can any of the little
readers tell me what two numbers can be
added or multiplied and will produce the
same amount T ELLA ZUER.

Austin, Mich.

Advice to Correspondents.

Never write with pen or ink. It is alto-
gether too plain, and doesn’t hold the mind
of the editor and printers closely enough to
their work. _

If you are compelled to use ink, never use
that vulgarity know as the blotting pad. If
you drop a blot of ink on the page lick it off.
The intelligent CO[IlpOSlLOI' loves nothing
so dearly as to read through the smear that
will make twenty or thirty words. VVe have
seen him hangover such a piece of copy
half an hour, all the time swearing like a
pirate, he felt so good. .

Don't punctuate. VVe prefer to punctuate
all manuscript sent to us. And don’t use
capitals. Then we can punctuate and capi-
talize to suit ourself, and your article, when
you see iiin print, will astonish, even if it
does not suit you.

Don't try to write too plainly. It isa sign
of plebian origin and public school breeding.
Poor writing is an indication of genius. It’s
about the only indication of genius that a
greatfiman y men possess, Scrawl your article
with your eyes shut and make every word
as illegible as you can. We get the same
price for it from‘ the rag-man as though it
were covered with copper plated sentences.

Avoid all painstaking with proper names.
VVe know the full name of every man,wom-
an and child in the United States, and the
merest hint at the name is sufiicient. For
instance, if you write a character something
like adrunken figure “B” and then draw a
wavy line, and the letter “ M” and another
waving line, we will know at once that you
mean Samuel Morrisson, even though you
may think you mean Lemuel Messenger.
It is a great mistake that proper names
should be written properly.

Always write on both sides of the paper,
and when you have filled both sides of every
page trail a line up and down every margin
and back to the top of the first page, closing
your article by Writing your signature just
above the date. And how we would like to
get hold of the man whosends them, just for
ten minutes, alone in the woods, with a ran-
non in our hip pocket. Revenge is sweet!
Yum, yum, yum!

Lay your paper on the ground when you
write; the rougher the ground the better.

Coarse brown wrapping paper is the best
for writing your articles on. Ifyou can tear
down an old circus poster and write on the
pasty side of it with a pen stick, it will do
still better. ‘

When your article is completed crunch
in in your pocket, and carry it «wo or three
days before sending it. This rubs off the
supeilluous pencil marks, and makes it
lighter to handle.

If you can think of it, lose one page out
of the middle of your article. We can easi-
ly supply what is missing, and we love to.
We have nothing else to do.—Burlmgton
Hawlceye.

\

D. G. Mi'rcHE‘LL lays it down as a safe
rule that a tree is too near a dwelling that
castsa shadow on the roof; he favors sun-
light for health, and several speakers at a
recent meeting of the Oxford, Ohio,Farmer’s
Club, took the same ground.

$Hr1*2$1IUIIII21Itt-

Let Us Act in Harmony.

Bro. Cobb :—As some of the Granges in
this vicinity are discarding the pouch as a
part of their attire, I wish to ask a few ques-
tions as to how and why this is done. It is
claimed that the Master of the National
Grange has ruled that Subordinate Granges
may or may not wear the pouch. I have
never seen any official publication of such a
decision, but, if it be true, it strikes me that
it is a singular ruling to be given by the
highest oflicial of an organization, one of
whose main objects is unity and harmony of
action. The effect produced might be com-
pared to the unity displayed at the “general
trainings” of thirty years ago. I can no-
where find it laid down as to what shall be
the “proper attire” of a Patron, but infer-
ence would point to both the pouch and the
sash, one equally with the other. This in-
ference we draw from the ritual and it be-
comes in fact a part of the ritual. Article 4
of the Constitution says, “The ritual adopt-
ed by the National Grange shall be used in
all Subordinate Granges. Under this ruling
some of the Subordinate Granges are cer-
tainly violating the constitution. The same
article says. “Any desired alteration of the
same must be submitted to and receive the
sanction of the National Grange,” not the
Master of the National Grange. Under both
clauses of this article I question the author-
ity of the Master to make such ruling. If
the use of the pouch be thus left optional
with the Subordinate Granges, why may
not the same rule apply to the sash, until
we have the ridiculous spectacle of some
Granges with pouch and sash, some with
the pouch alone, others with the sash alone,
and still others with neither, yet all claim-
ing to belong to an organization whose main
principle is unity and harmony of action.
Again, if the pouch is discarded, where is
the Husbandman to carry his memorandum,
pencil and knife? Or is it supposed that
having been ‘advanced to that degree, he is
to scorn the lessons taught him earlier and
trust to treacherous memory for the ideas
which he has failed to note down, and leave
his orchard and vineyard unpruned. Thir-
teen years ago the noble founders of our
Order adopted it as a portion of the attire,
no doubt giving to it the same thought and
consideration that they applied to other
portions of the work, of which none can
question the skill and foresight displayed in
every part. Now, I consider this another
reason why we should respect it. It may
be said that the work of the Grange can be
conducted as well without as with the
pouch. In one sense this may be true.
But bear in mind that it opens the door for
still _further changes. and when once com-
menced, who can tell when or where they
will end? We must guard carefully,or all of
our established usages of the Order of Patrons
of Husbandry will soon be among the things
that were.

Respectfully and Fraternally,
F. A. HALL.

Allendale, Ottawa CO., Mich., July 18, ’8l.

Where Should Grange Halls be Located 2

Bro. Cobb:—I see in your issue of July 1st,
a brother from Greenwood wants to know if
there are objections to building Grange Halls
in towns. Our experience here in Illinois
is: No Grange that holds its meetings in
town is likely to long survive. By all
means, Bro. I. H. M., build your hall, and
make it as central as possible—but keep it
out of the village. The business of towns
and villages is exactly opposed to your inter-
ests, and wealth in towns does not neces-
sarily helpthe country. A depot, elevator,
carpenter and smith shop, is about all that a
village needs to benefita farmer; let farmers
combine to do the balance by co-operation.
Build your hall as far away from the village
as you can. Get your supplies through your
own agencies, and then your members will
have but little excuse to go to town—your
boys will not get there to be tempted by its
allurements. I would rather insure the life
of that Grange that was away inland 10 to
15 miles from any town.

Fraternally,
H. K. SMITH.
Clear Creek, Ill.,'.Iuly 25, 1881.

crop Report.

Bro. J. T. Cobb.-—A severe drought in
this section. Corn and potatoes will be
nearly a failure unless rain comes soon.
Oats fair, turning out 25 to 40 bushels to the
acre. Where threshed wheat yields 5 to 15
bushels to the acre, ten bushels will be all
or more than it.wi1l average to the acre.
Farmers are looking blue. Two failures of
wheat crops beat them. The great business
boom we have been reading about for the
past year has not struck us here in Ionia
county yet. Yours, A. W. s.

Pewamo, Ionia Co., Aug. :2, 1881.

RED ants may be banished from a pantry
or store-room by strewing the shelves with
a small quantity of cloves, either whole or
ground. We use the former. as not being

‘so likely to get into the food placed upon

the shelves. The cloves should be replaced
occasionally, as after a time they lose their
strength and elficacy.

. than ensues visions.

7

Adulleratioii of Food.

We continue our e;t_i:acts from the paper
on this subject by Geo. T. Angell, of Boston.

OLEOMARGARINE.

I have spoken of glucose as a giant which
has grown in a few years to colossal propor-
tions. I will now speak of what I may
properly call its twin brother—oleomar
garine.

Few persons have any correct idea of the
extent to which this article is now made in
this country. A single firm in New York
City has recently contracted with parties in
Vermont for 300,000 firkins, to be delivered
this year. for packing oleomargarine butter.

It is estimated that there were made in
this country last year about a hundred
millions of pounds.

It is sold, as I am informed, in almost
every butter stall in our great Fanuil Hall
market, and large quantities of it, I am in-
formed, are shipped to Vermont to come
back as Vermont butter. It is put up in
beautiful forms as well as in tubs and firkins
and cannot ordinarily be distinguished from
the products of the milk of the cow.

It is not only filling our markets in the
shape of butter, but also as cheese. Many
creameries and many large dairies, as I am
informed, are now mixing 25 per cent. or
more of oleomargarine oil with their cheese.

Are these commodities unwholesome?
Manufacturers will tell you they are even
better than the products of the milk of the
cow; and they will show you a long list of
certificates from their paid chemists to the
same effect. I have microscopic photographs
which will tell a different story, and the
testimony of scientific men whom I believe.

It is a great pity that chemical analyses
are so expensive. A great glucose or oleo-
margarine ring, making millions of dollars,
can easily afford to furnish all the chemists
in the country carefully prepared samples of
their commodities, and pay the highest price
for analysis and certificates. But who is
there in this country to cautiously collect
from the highways and by-ways in our
various cities and towns, a great variety of
the articles actually sold, and pay hoiiest
chemists to analyze them ?

Prof. Henry Leffman, one of the most
respectable chemists of Philadelphia, states
that he knows large establishments which
employ scientific men simply for the pur-
pose of adulterating and to invent new pro-
cesses of adulteration.

The French Academy of Medicine have,
as I am informed, recently reported that
French oleomargarine is unfit for use in
French hospitals, and the French minister
of the interior has rtiused to permit its use
in French hospitals. The ground taken
was, as I am informed, that while it might
be possible to make, in a chemist’s labora-
tory, a pure article which would not be
unwholesome, in point of fact it was found
by the Academy experts in Paris that only
an inferior article was actually sold in com-
merce, and which appeared to injure the
digestive oigans of sick and debilitated
persons.

Mr. Michels, of New York City, a well-
known microscopist and editor of a scien-
tific journal, testifies that oleomargarine i~
simply uncooked, raw fat, never subjected
to suflicient heat to kill parasites which are
liable to be in it; that those who eat it run
the risk of trichinzs from the stomachs of
animals which are chopped up with the fat
in making it. He states that he has found
in it tissue, and muscle, and cells of suspi-
cious nature, and that Mr. Saylor has also
found in it positively identified germs of
disease.

Mr. Michels further states that all the caul
fat of oxen brought to New York City in a
week would not supply one factory four
days, yet there were then seven factories in
New York City, and he asserts that there
can be no doubt that fats and grease of
various descriptions are used in making
oleomargarine.

The eminent English chemist, Professor
Church, states that he has found in it horse
fat, fat from bones, and fats such as are
ordinarily used for making candles.

But the gentleman, who, probably more
than any one else,'has written upon this
subject is Dr. R. U. Piper, of Chicago, con-
cerning whom the chief justice of the supe-
rior court of that city, and three olherjudges,
cerii_fy " that the testimony of no other sci-
entific gentleman of that city would, in their
judgment, be entitled to higher respect.”

Dr. Piper says his attention was first called
to the subject by an article published by Mr.
Michels, before referred to, in the Amerzb-(m
Journal of Microscopy. Since then he has
examined a large number of specimens.
He testifies that, while no true butter can
carry trichinae, eggs of the tape worm. &c.,
he has found in oleomargarine not only
organic substances in the form of muscular
and connective tissue, and various fungi,
but also living organisms, which have re-
sisted boiling acetic acid, and eggs resem-
bling those of the tape worm ; these he has
preserved to be shown to any one who may
desire to see them, and he has also micros-
copic photographs of them. He thinks
these may get in through the stomachs of
pigs and sheep used in making the article,
though he has found in it specimens of un-
cooked meat. His conclusion is that it is a
dangerous article, and that he would on no
account permit its use in his family.

The Rev. E. Huber, microscopist, of Rich-
mond, Va, writ s in the Southern Olinic of
May, 1880, that oleomargarine differs in its
microscopical appearance as well as in its
nutritive and dietetic qualities from true
butter; that the fats in it are not subjected
to a heat sufficient to destroy the germs of
septic and putrefaclive organisms, and that
there may also be introduced into the system
by its means the eggs which develope into
tape-worm. And he also states that he has
found in oleomargarine eggs resembling
those of the tape- worm.

Mr. Michels says, "I have reason to believe
that the refuse fat of at least one pork-pack-
iug establishment is used for oleomargarine;
and as the trade increases, fat of every des-
cription will probably be offered l'or sale;
even that from the carcasses of diseased
animals may be purchased without guilty
knowledge of the managers.”

Professor Piper says it is not unreasonable
to suppose that one of these populated stom-
achs chopped up with the fat, even if wash-
ed and cleaned, may contain thousands of
living organisms.

From an article in the Boston Herald of
Jan. 8, 1881, I find that Dr. George B. Har-
riman, a most respected microscopist of
Boston, well known to me, has recently
examined some twenty specimens of oleo-
margarine obtained fro n different dealers,
and'has found in every specimen more or

less foreign substances, a variety of vegetable
and animal life. Among these were corpus-
cles from a cockroach, and small bits of
claws; the blood corpuscles of sheep; the
egg of a tape-worm. Yeast was found sprout-
ing in considerable quantities, and spores of
fungi were very prevalent; a portion of a
worm, a dead hydra viridis, portions‘ of
muscular fibers, fatty cells and eggs from
some small parasites were among the discov-
eries.

I also find in the American Journal of.

Microscopy of October, 1878, a letter from
the celebrated English microscopist, VV. H.
Dallinger, said to be the greatest living
authority on this subject, in which he shows
that oleomargarine is not subjected to a heat
suflicient to kill the living organisms which
refuse fats are liable to contain.

AN idea of the enormousness of the quan-
tities of flour manufactured in Minnesota,
may be formed from the fact that the “lush-
burn Mills of Minneapolis turn oilt a carload
every thirty-five minutes through the twen-
ty~four hours.

Tl-IE REAPER, DEATH.

-BLANCHARD.-«The following resolutions were
passed at the last meeting of the Johnstown Grange:
WIIEREAS, The Great Master, in His all-wise Prov-
idence. has taken from the family circle of our wor-
thy and esteemed Brother and Sister Marlin and
Abb Blaiicharda kind and loving mother, whose
deatli they deeply mourn: and
\VHERi-:As, Bound together as we are by the frater-
nal ties of brotherhood, 'tis meet that we should
sorrow with those of our fraternity who are thus
afllicted; therefore
Resolved, That this Grange extends to our afflicted
and sorrowiiig brother and sister that sympathy
which flows from hearts that feel for others’ woes.
ME. A. PARKER,
Mas. H. Bowman,
Mas. S. SHEFFIELD,
Committee.
Johnstown Grange, July 23, 1881.

MUFFIT'l‘.—Died at her home in ‘Vest Reading,
April 10, 1881, Mas. JULIA l\.IUl-‘l-‘ITT, in the -10th year
of her age, a charter member of Union Grange, No,

568. The Grange adopted the following preamble
and resolutions as a tribute of respect to her memory:

WIIEBEAS, An all-wise Father has seen fit to call
our sister from her earthly home to her home above;
therefore '

Resolved, That in the death of Sister Mullitt we
have lost a true friend, her family a kind and consis-
tent wife and mother, and the church and communi-
ty a worthy and exemplary member.

Resolved, That we tender our brother and family
our heartfelt sympathy, and commend them to the
care of Him in whom she trusted.

Resolved, That a copy of these resolutions be plac-
ed on record, a copy presented to the family of the
deceased, and a copy be sent to the GRANGE VisI'roR
for publication. Mas. N. E. BRADLEY,

Mas. E. L. KELLY,
Mas. S. BRADLEY,
Committee.

F. A. I\TORTH’S FEED RACKS.

My invention, patented May 10, 1881, re-
lates to a rack of peculiar construction de
signed for the purpose of feeding sheep and
other animals, the structure being de-
signed with special reference to an equal
distribution of the feed, to the protection of
the attendant from the animals, and to the
points of clieapness, durability, and facility
of operation. It will be noticed that the
rack constructed affords feed openings on
both sides, that the two independent
troughs prevent the animals on one side
from obtaining the food from those on the
other, and that by means of the central in-
ternal board the attendant can pass freely
back and forth through the interior without
stepping in the trough or having any in-
terference with the animals outside, also
the strips or slats serve as a means of sepa
rating the animals so that each may obtain
proper proportion of the food. On each
side of the Rack I suspend by ‘swinging
linksaboard in such a manner that the
board may be raised or lowered across the
outside of the feed openings to prevent the
animals from having access thereto, or ele-
vated above the opcnings so as to leave
them exposed. And standing at one end
you can elevate this board by one .move of
as many racks in a line,and divide yourflocks
as you wish and do away with the old prac-
tice of shifting from one yard to ‘another.
There are guards 10 throw the feed inward to
prevent the hayseed and other impurities
from entering the fleece of the animals. It
is used with equal ad vantage for mush feeds,
grains of all kinds. and for hay. If there
is hay in the rack it does not prevent your
feeding grain in them. You can use the
luinber in your old racks. They can be
made of any length of lumber.

For further information, address :

F. A. NORTH, Inventor,
Ionia, Ionia Co., Mich.
P. 0. Box 555. 1jul6m

FENNO & MANNING,

Wlllll EOMM|S3|flN MERCHANTS,

117 Federal St., Boston.
consignments solicited and cash Advances Made.

AFVANDENBERG,

MANUHACTURER.

WHOLESALE urn RETAIL DEALER IN

HARNESS, WHIPS, BLANKETS, TRUNKS, &c.,

92 Monroe Street.
GRAND RAPIDS, MICH.

I take pleasure in presenting to your favorable con-
sideration my CASH PRICE LIST of Harness Work
—HAN D MADE—all of my own manufacture. and
also to return thanks for the liberal patronage I have
received from the different Granges throughout Mich-
igan. I shall do in the future as in the past—furnish
the best goods’ for the least money.

Farm Harness, White Trimmed Breeching,
Round Lines, Snaps, Rum Straps, and
spread rings, complete, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -‘S29 00

The same without Breecbing,. . 26 00

“ “ with fiat Lines, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 28 00

H “ U H “ without breeching,. . 25 00
Double Light Buggy Harness, white trimmed,

  

from . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .325 to 30 00
The same, Nickle Trimmed, from . . . . “$35 to 50 00
Single Buggy Harness, with round lines, white

trimmed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 13 00
Same with flat lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 00
Nickle Trimmed, . . . . . ..Sl5, $16, $18, $20 and 25 00

ALL ORDERS RECEIVED UNDER SEAL OF
THE GRANGE
will be shipped at once, and may be returned at my
expense if not entirely satisfactory.
Address all orders to
Yours very respectfully,

A. VANDENBERG,

I Alvll-iRlCAi.\I iiAl.\l*fUXL"l
PARLIAMENTARY

I4 AW.

Is recognized by the leading parliamentarians of the
land as the most complete, concise and systematic
work on the modern practice. Every citizen of this
republic should have a copy.

It has received strong testimonials from Samuel
E. Adams, Past Master of the National Grange ; Sen-
ator Ferry, ex-Vice-President of the U. S., and from
the chief executive officer of the following and other
fraternal organizations, viz : Knights of Honor,
Knights and Ladies of Honor, Knights of Pythias,
Royal Arcanum, Foresters, Grand Army of the Re-
public, Knights Templar, A. 0. W., R. T. of T.,
I. O. G. T., A. J.O. K. S. B., I. O. B. B., etc.

Circular of Testimonials sent on application. Prices
(by mail, prepaid), cloth, 50 cents ; plain leather, 75
cents ; leather tucks, 31.

Address, stating where you saw this advertisement,

GEORGE T. FISH,

42 Arcade, Rochester, N. Y.

 

AN EIGHT PAGE, FORTY COLUMN PAPER,
DEVOTED TO THE INTERESTS OF AGRI-
CULTURE IN ALL ITS BRANCHES.

CHEAPEST PA-TEE PUBLISHED!

Many of the ablest farmers and writers of Western
Michigan are regular contributors to the World and
Homestead. The series of articles now running, an-
titled “ Farmers’ Relation to Law," being an exhaus-
tive treatise of the law of highways, titles, fences,
drainage, estrays, patent-rights, etc., etc., are well
worth five times the subscription price of the paper.

The Grange interests and Grange news form a
special feature, and are at all times fully represented.

The Home Department is in the hands of a prac-
tical housekeeper, and is carefu‘ly and ably con-
ducted.

Its market reports are fuller and more reliable
than can be found in any other paper published in
Western Michigan. a

TERMS.—%l 50 per year ; trial trip (three months)
for 25 cents (eight three-cent stamps).

Subscriptions can commence at any time. Send
stamp for sample copies. Address,

F. M. CARROLL (E CO.,

25 CANAL STREET, — — GRAND RAPIDS, Minn.

N. B.—The Agricultural World and GRANGE VIB-
I'ro1>. both one year for $1.50.

-v:BmoRr:iii.1-.¢\7vf'

Agents
Wanted.

 

-soztg
ae.iq_|,

Cuts Six. Elight and Ten Feet.

Best Harrow made. Cuts every inch of ground,
and adapted to all kinds of soil. Peculiar shape of
tooth makes it easy of draft, and leaves the ground
light and mellow. Relieves itself of all obstructions.
Bundled very compact for shipment.

PHELPS & BIGELOW W. M. CO.,
Kalamazoo, Mich.

mics use or scrriisé

Kept in the office of the Secretary of the

MICHIGAN STATE GRANGE,

And sent out Post Paid, on Receipt of Cash Order,
over the seal of a Subordinate G-range, and flu
signature of its Master or Secretary.

Porcelain Ballot Marbles, per hundred, . . . . . . .. 76
Blank Book, ledger ruled, for Secretary to keep
accounts with members, . . . . . . . . ..
Blank Record Books, (Express paid), . . . . . . . . .. 1 00
Order Book, containing 100 Orders on the Treas-
urer, with stub, well bound,. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Receipt Book, containing 100 Receipts from
Treasurer to Secretary, with stub, well bound, 60

Blank Receipts for clues, per 100, bound, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 50
A plications for Membership, per 100,. . . . . . .... 60
Mldmbershi Cards, per 100, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . _ , _ . 50
Withdraws. Cards, per doz., . . . . . . . . . _ . _ _ _ . _ _ _ 25
Dimits, in envelopes, per doz., . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
By-Laws of the State Grange, single copies 100,

per doz., . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,_ 75
By-Laws, bound, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

“ Glad Echoes,” with music, Single copy 15 eta,
per doz., . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , _ _

    

Rituals. single copy, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
" per doz., . . . . . . . . . . . . . .' .............. .. 2 40
“ for Fifth Degree, for Pomona Granges,
per copy, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Blank “Articles of Association” for the Incorpo.

 we  or
N.......'D.i..,.....ii;.;.;i;;.;.;,'g..;'i'oa,:::::::: 23
Dzipulililrdaltggii ' of Purposes, per doz., 5c.; per

American Manual of Parliamentary Law. _  :8
M ii ll 3; 1‘ (Mo-
rocco Tuck,) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . _ , . , _ _ ,
Address of J. J. Woodman before the Nation-
al Grange—-per dozen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 20
Address of Thos. K. Beecher—per dozen .... .. 10
Digest of Law sand Rulings, . , . . . . _ , . _ , , , _ , , _ 40

Address, , J. T. COBB,
Sac’! M103. Sum Ginziax,

SCHOOLCRAFT, MICE-

  
    
   
  
 
    
  
   
    
  
  
  
   
 
 
  
  
  
    
   
 
   
  
   
  
  
  
  
  
   
   
    
  
  
  
  
  
  
   
  
   
  
  
   
  
 
  
   
 
    
     
  
  
 
  
  
  
   
  
  
   
  
 
 
  
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
  
 
 

; ram *!,rir;g,._, .A’* .

 
 
    
    
    
    
      
 
     
    
   
    
       
     
    
    
     
     
      
       
        
    
   
 
     
      
      
     
     
     
      
         
        
   
     
       
  
     
     
       
        
       
       
         
       
       
         
       
      
     
         
         
        
        
      
       
   
       
      
       
        
       
      
 
     
          
     
    
       
    
  

 


'~—----..-...........——-..... A- .

       
 
     
    
   
     
       
        
        
      
        
     
   
    
    
     
    
   
    
    
     
    
       
     
     
       

 

TEE GRANGE

VISITOR.

1

AUGUST 15. 1881.

rsiipsnincs REVEILLE.

BY SAMUEL M. I.RGGET'.l'.

Ho! ye who are we ' th 'bbo
Who believe um lirrlililix isearfoe :3 33$
Don’t think for a moment that rum is dedd
But arm for battle as fast as you can. '

Do you know our foe is planting a light,

In which you and I must soon take a hand,
Shall victory be for_the wrong or right ?

On which of the sides will you take a stand?

The great issues at stake, my friends, are these:
Shall whisky or temperance win the day;

Shall men who sell liquor do as they please,
And even the Sabbath be swept away ?

Ho! ye who are wearing the ribbon'red,
Who believe that drink is a foe to man,
Don't think for a moment that rum is dead,

But arm for the battle as fast as you can.

What to Road.

In planning to use our reading hours to
the best advantage, it is well to remember
that it takes no longer to read the best than
the poorest. It is easy to spend time enough
over some foolish newspaper story to read
one of Shakespeare’s plays. Keep on hand
some good, hearty book with “ meat” in it,
chosen because you are really interested in
it, _not because it is “considered” the correct
thing to read. If you are too tired and sleepy
to read anything difficult, try something
light, but let it be the best of its kind, not
“slops.” It is a good plan to have some
book like Howell’s “ Wedding Journey,” or
Warner’s “Back-log Studies,” to read in the
odd minutes and in those evenings when
you are too thoroughly tired in mind and
body to read anything heavier, and keep the
“hearty book” for the times when you are
fresher. The great danger of this is that the
easy reading becomes so interesting that the
steady, substantial work is crowded out. But
are we not sometimes frightened into think-
that good reading must necessarily be tire-
some ? Novels with exciting plots are more
fatiguing to a brain weary with the distrac-
tions of woman’s work than a thoughtful
esasy on a majestic poem. It is not stimulus
that is needed, but change. In Macauley’s
"Essays;” oragood translation ofthe “ lliad,
the perfection of the style or the music of the
rythm falls on a tired spirit like showers on
the thirsty earth. Yet fatigued and busy
women stir up their already excited nerves
with Charles Reid or Wilkie Collins, and
then complain that they "can’t read even-
ings; it makes them so nervous they can’t
sleep.”

Women sometimes think they will not be
interested in the standard English classics,
get pecause they are standard and classic.

ot long since, an intelligent lady was
telling me how surprised she was to find
Bacon's "Essays” so interesting. She said:
“I was lying on the lounge in my husband’s
library one evening, after an unusually
wearisome day, and took it up because it was
the nearest book, and I really felt as if I
could not go across the room for another. I
was perfectly absorbed before I knew it, and
read for an hour with a sense of freshness
and exhilaration which I had not known
for along time. I felt as if somehow I had
got back to the beginning of things. I had
always supposed that Lord Bacon, being
very learned, was therefore very dull and
entirely beyond my comprehension.’

If you like history.

“ The world is all before you, where to choose.”

If you are fond of science, you cannot fail
to he interesied in the papers and books in
this f‘ield—never so numerous and never so
well adapted far popular reading as now. If
you imagine any of these departments “too
literary,” and cannot be happy without a
novel, there are works of fiction that are as
important a part of one’s education as
quadratic equations,to say the least: “Rom-
ola,” “Ivanhoe,” “Hy_patia," "David Cop-
perfield,” “Pendennis," “the Scarlet Let-
ter.” Just think of all the books so well
worth reading, and yet people will continue
to drag out of the libraries dreary “society
novels,” or poor translations of worse French
and German love stories! It is like eating ap-
ple-skins and potato parings when bananas
and oranges might be had for the picking!
Bishop Potter says: "It is nearly an axiom
that people will not be better than the books
they read.” Consider. therefore, what kind
of books you read.—Scribner’s Monthly.

 

Learn to be Shari.

Long visits,1on g stories,iong exhortations,
long prayers and long editorials,seldom profit
those who have to do with them. Life is
short. Time is short. Moments are pre-
cious. Learn to oonden se,abridge and inten-
sify. We can endure many an ache and ill
if it is soon over, while even pleasure grows
insipid and pain unendurable, if they are
protracted beyond the limits of reason and
convenience. Learn to be short. Lop of
branches; stick to the main facts in yours
case. If you speak, tell your message and
hold your peace; boil down two words into
one, and three into two. Always learn to
be short. Some men use words as rifle men
do bullets. They say but little. The few
words go right to the mark. They let you
talk, and guide your face and eyes on and
on, till what you say can be answered in a
word or two, and then they launch out a
sentence or two, ierce the matter to the

nick and’ are one. Your conversation
falls into the mind, as a stream into a doe
chasm, and is lost from sight by its dept
and darkness. They will sometime surprise
you with a few words that go to the mark
like a gunshot and then they are silent
again, as if they were reloading. Such men
are safe counselors and true friends, when
they profess to be such. To them the truth
is more valuable than gold, while pretension
is two gaudy to deceive them. Words with-
out pointto them are like titles without
merit—only betraying the weakness of the
blind dupes who are ever used to forward
other men’s schemes.

 

“THAD”Stevens, while a young lawyer in
the Pennsylvania courts, once lost his case
by what he considered a wrong ruling of the
Judge. Disgusted, he banged his law books
on the table, picked up his hat and started
for the door with some vigorous words in his
mouth. The Judge, feeling that his dignity
was assailed, rose impressively and said, ”
Mr. Stevens!” Mr. Stevens stopped, turned,
and bowed deferentially. “Mr. Stevens,”
said the Judge, “do you intend by such con-
duct tnexpress your contempt for this court?’
And Stevens, with mock seriousness, an-
swered, “Express my contempt for this
court! No, sir! I was trying to conceal it,

 

ATRONS’

‘MANUFACTURERS or

lngersol|'s Pure Ready-mixed Paints.

Sand for color-card and Prices.

 

I62 SOUTH STREET.

OFFICE,

N EW YORK.

GRAPE VINES.

All Leading Varieties in large supply. Warranted
true to name. Prices low. Also. the celebrated

NEW WHITE GRAPE.

PRENTISS

Send stamp for Price and Descriptive List» Also
Trees, Small Fruits. etc

r. s. Huslnikn, Fredonia, N. r.

\VHI«:N the politicians are weighed they
are found wanting every office in the
country.

FARM FOR SALE.

A rare chance to buy a farm of 240 acres.
two miles south of the city of Grand Rapids,
Mich., embracing a variety of soils; 200
acres under cultivation; well fenced and
watered; two bearing orchards; large barns,
stock and storage sheds, horse barn and all
other suitable farm buildings, all upon stone
foundations; sound and conveniently ar-
ranged; suitable for stock—breeding, dairy,
milk, or general farm purposes ; Large, two-
story frame farm-house; large cement bot-
tomed cellar and milk-rooms, also a modern
brick dwelling. Title perf'ect—purchase
direct from Government: no encumbrances.
Price, $100 per acre—$l0,000 down, balance
on time to suit purchaser. Will sell with
the farm, if desired, all the stock, teams,
tools, implements and machinery, includ-
ing four horses, 10 cows, young cattle, steam
engine, threshing machine, feed mill, etc.,
etc., etc. Everything in good condition.
Can be seen and examined, with crops on
the ground, at any time. Reason for selling,
age and declining health of the proprietor,
J. C. Rogers. For further particulars, en-
quire on the premises or apply'to DENNIS
L. ROGERS, Attorney at Law, 228 Canal St.
(Twamley block), Grand Rapids, Mich.

Alabastine

Is the only preparation based on the
proper principles to constitute a durable
finish for walls, as it is not held on the wall
with glue, etc., to decay, but is a Stone Ce-
ment that hardens with age, and every ad-
ditional coat strengthens the wall. Is ready
for use by adding hot water, and easily ap-
plied by anyone.

Fifty cents’ worth of ALABASTINE will
cover 50 square yards of average wall with
two coats: and one coat will produce better
work than can be done with one coat of any
other preparation on the same surface.

For sale by paint dealers everywhere.
Send for circular containing the twelve
beautiful tints. Manufactured only by AL-
ABASTINE C0.

M. B. CHURCH. Manager,

juyl-tf. Grand Rapids, Mich.

ONE CENT PER BUSHEL

Is my commission for selling wheat by the car load,

FOB PATRONS.
“Price current" mailed to shippers daily.

Wholesale Agent for
“ '1' R A '1' I.II1\'|'InEEEl"I'. ”

ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE AND PRICE LIST‘ OF

Roger-’ Plated Vvare,
LOANED ro PATBONS.

I have made arrangements to supply the above goods
at wholesale prices. from the factory.

GEORGE W. HILL,

SEED AND COMMISSION MERCHANT,
and General Merchandise Broker.

80 Woodbridge St., West, DETROIT, MICH.
laug tf

Hiinuuiiiins FOR LAND Piisiii.

DAY & TAYLOR.

Granclville, Micl1.,

Are prepared to furnish LAND PLASTER, fresh
ground, at contract prices, made with the Executive
Committee of the State Grange.
A l e stock on hand of pure, . finely-ground
LAND LASTER.
Send us your Orders direct.
jan1—ly

 

DAY & TAYLOR

Germsfnliorse and Cow Powders.

This powder has been in use for many years. It
is largely used by the farmers of Pennsylvania, and
the Patrfiis of that State have bought over 100,000
pounds t ough their purchasing agents. Its compo-
sition is no secret. The receipt is on every box and
6-pound package. It is made b Dr. L. Oberholtzer's
Sons it Co.,_-Phoenixville, Pa. t keeps stock healthy
and in good condition. It helps to digest and assimi-
late the food. Horses will do more work, with less
food while using it. Cows will give more milk and
be in better condition. It keeps poultry healthy, and
increases ‘the production of eggs. It is also of great
value to them when molting. It is sold at the lowest
wholesale price by R. E. JAMES, Kanuuzoo,
GEO. W. HILL .t 00 , 80 WOODBRIDGE S'r.. DE-
rnoxr, and J. M. CHAMBERS, 163 So. WATER S'r.,
Crnosoo. Put up in 60-lb. boxes (loose), price Eran!
Cnnrs per 1b., 30-lb. boxes (of 6 5-lb. packages, TEN
Canrs per lb.

WISCONSIN L A N "S
500,000 Acres

WISCONSIN CENTRAL R. R.
For full particulars, which will be sent free, address

 

GREAT BARGAIN.

On account of continued ill health, $8,000 will
buy my excellent

GRAIN AND STOCK FARM of 282 ACRES,
located 4 miles northeast of Dowagiac, one-half mile
north of the M. C. R. R. Terms 82.000 down.'IJ81-
ance in 12 years ; payments to suit purchaser. Stock
and farming tools put in at a low price, if wanted.
If not sold before the first of November. will rent for
a term of years. For full particulars address
H. H. TAYLOR,
Dowagiac, Cass county, Mich.

aug1—lt

inn BUSINESS COLLEGE
AT KALAMAZO9» MICK.»

IS THE BEST PLACE FOR

YOUNG MEN AND WOMEN

TO GET A Tl-IOROUGH
BUSLNESS EDUCATION.

S"Send for College Record, giving full partic-

Pre aid ent.

Bindery Work I

MAGAZINES

BOOKS FOII R_‘E-BINDING.

Now is an exceedingly favorable time
to secure the binding of Magazines,
Pamphlets, and similar accumulations.
Our bindery pays special attention to
this work, and parties sending or-
ders to us will have prompt attention.

Grange Records and Blanks, County,
Bank. Commercial \Vork, and esti-
mates made on all classes of Printing
and Binding.

The Re-binding of School and
Sunday School Libraries

is an inmortant branch of our business.

Correspondence from Librarians, School Director:
and Business Men all oter the country somcrrnn.

KALAMAZ00 PUBLISHING COMPANY,

_Post0flice Block, KALAMAZO0.

. ACMESOCREAMERM
And Butter Cooler.

0
A NEVV THING.
0

Saves Three Times its Cost in One Season.

6

N0 ICE REQUIRED. soup BUTTER IN DOG-
DAYS, AND CREAMERY PRICES FOR IT.
Sweet Milk only 12 hours old for your Calves.

The Butter Cooler keeps your Butter solid in the
warmest weather. ‘

MCCALL it DUNCAN, Schoolcraft, Mich.,

After thoroughl, testing your Creamer and Butter
Cooler for the past two months, we can say that in
all respects it is a complete success. It not only
saves a great amount of labor, but furnishes a cheap
and convenient place for milk and butter. During
the extreme hot weather and thunder showers, our
milk remains sweet. We have the same grade and
quantity of butter without the use of ice. It is sim-
ple in its arrangement. and is easily kept clean ; and
lastly but not least, we regard it as possessing that
essential quality of being a time and labor saving
arrangement for Ir aking butter. and can cheerfully
recommend it to all. L. F. COX & WIFE.

Portage, July 30, 1881.

Mnssas. MCCALL & Duncan, Schoolcraft, Mich ,

I have given the Acme Creamer a. thorough trial,
by setting equal amounts of milk in the Creamer and
in shallow pans in the cellar: From the shallow
pans I made 2:} lbs. of butter; from the Creamer 4
lbs., and better quality. I can make more butter
and a great deal better quality in the Creamer with
one-third the labor. The Cooler will keep butter in
a splendid condition for any length of time. It cer-
tainly is as necessary to have a place for the preserv-
ing of butter until ready for market, as for the rais-
ing of cream. After using it through the heat of the
summer, I find the Cooler an indispensable addition
to the Creamer. You will always find me a true
friend and warm advocate of the Acme Creamer and
Butter Cooler. MRS. 0. H. FELLOWS.

Prairie Ronde, Mich., July, 1881.

S’ Send for Circular and Price List.
Mc()ALL di DUNCAN,

- june15-tf. Scnooncasrr, MICE.

A. l.-. LAKEY & BIGELOW.
lilimiiii Paint and lining Works,

Manufacturers of

MIXED PAINTS. ROOFING MATERIAL, &c.,

—-Ann Duunns IN —

All Kinds of Painters’ Goods,

A1‘ WHOLESALE AND RETAIL.

0 .
PLEASE CALL AND SEE OUR STOCK AT

CHARLES L. COLBY, Land Commissioner,

your honor!"

Milwaukee, Wis.

52 and 54 NORTH BURIDIOK STREET,

MOTHERS

afilicts MEN VEN MORE THAN WOMEN.

A FRIEND INDEED T0

references and testimonials, on application to

all kinds oi?-grain and grass seeds. The

draft than any other Harrow in the market.
wherever shown in 1880.

 

   

AINT ORKS.

MASTERS and ssossrsm:-:s

Please write under Seal,
For CONFIDENTIAL Circulars.

HUSBANDS —é??--c-«L-—— WIVES 1
or moms DAUGHTERS!

SHOULD KNOW OP

DR. R. PENGELLY’S “WOMAN'S FRIEND," IMPROVED!

It is a SOVEREIGN REMEDY for

Those Complaints (they need no naming) peculiar to WOMEN. YOUNG or OLD, NOT A CURE-
ALL, Clazmin to annihilate Jaundice, Diabetes, Bright's Disease, Gravel, and everything else which

It works in ONE LINE and in that line It excels. The tender, Nervous Girl, the anxious, expectant
Mother, the overburdened House1.oif_'e, the Matron, passing the critical change, are all guarded, soothed and
sustained by its Gentle Influence. It is the prescription of an experienced Physician, perfected during a
life-long practice, and its nine ears of public record, in 30 different States, have proved it rightly named -
OMAN. The good words of those who use it are its best advertisement.
An 8-ounce (81.00) bottle, or a 20-ounce (82.00) bottle sent on receipt of price, express prepaid, also

PENGEL LY 8: CO..

R.
KALAMAZOO. MICH. (Foamramr or P1.Amwi:r.r..)
Sold by Drugglsts generally and Lady Agents. Swift &. Dodds, and Far-rand, Williams
¢ CO-. Detroit. Morrison, Plummer & (Jo., Chicago-

EVERY FARMER IN THE COUNTRY SHOULD EXAMINE THE

New Combined Spring Tooth Sulky Harrow

CULTIVATOR AND SEEDER.

Manufactured by

THE SCHAU & SCHUSTER SULKY
HARROW.AND SEEDER COMPANY.

Kalaniazoo, - Michigan.
As a combined machine, it stands un-
rivalled in excellence, doing the work 0.
a Harrow and Seed Sower most thorough-
ly and satisfactorily. It has taken high
rank at once as ONE OF THE VERY
BEST IMPLEMENTS FOR THE USES
DESIGNED EVER INVENTED. Sows
Harrow does not trail, and is of lighter
It received first premium and diplomas

‘ THOMAS

§’PATRONS STATE BUSINESS AGENT.

SOMETHING ENT|REl__Y NEW!
THE CHAMPION BARBED WIRE

Is Easily Seen, Most Effective, and Least Dangerous to Stock of any Barbed Wire known.

 

GERBER. ‘5?'()IIEI.

Barbed Wire, D.ry Goods, Groceries, Sewing Machines, Scales,
Seeds, Hardware, Watches, Clocks, Plated Ware, &c., &.c.

In Fact, Everything You Want, of Your State Business Agency.

MASON,

Commission Merchant. 181 South VVater Street. Chicago. Ill.

N. B.—All goods bought on your order at WHOLE-
SALE RATES on day of purchase. Terms strictly cash.

PATRONS, TRY ME,
And Judge for Your-selves.

The susdrouito

Stands without a rival in asserting grain and seeds.
Separates and grades grain and seeds of all kinds;
cleans perfectly: has six fans. is simple, runs easily,
and works rapidly. Agitator in hopper, with lever
and ratchet for re ulating feed. The sieves are well
made of coppere and annealed wire cloth; other
parts of the most durable material. The Eureka is
the only mill in America that makes

Four complete Separations on two
Sieves at one operation.

It separates cockle, chess, mustard, redroot, dock,
or any other small seed from your wheat; making
one grade of seed wheat, taking the shrunk and
cracked wheat out and cleaning it for market at the
same time, besides putting the small foul seeds that
may be in the grain perfectly clean by itself, also the
cookie and chess by itself. The Eureka does all of
this in running the grain once through the mill. One
dollar in cash will be given for every cookie or chess
that can be found in the seed wheat after being once
run through the mill when properly adjusted. This
mill was awarded the highest medal at Philadelphia
in 1876, also at the last two State fairs of Michigan.

Manufactured by
HENRY CORTRITE,
For terms to Patrons address Lansing, Mich.
T. J. SHOEMAKER,
Sec’y 637, Mt. Clemens, Mich.

Plymouth Rooks

—AND—-

Partridge Cochins!

My Plymouth Rocks
are from Keefer's noted
strain ; my Partridge
Cochins are from
Pierce’s prize- win-
ning strain. Weaned
Chickens for sale
in early Su no mer.
Eggs in season.

 ,   Send for Circular to
Frank B.

156 Wilde, Gnipervllle, Mich.
apr , in
CLOTHES waszana.

VE are prepared to furnish our justly Celebrated
-‘ CLOTHES WASHERS in large numbers.
We have been unable, until lately, to supply the in-
creasing demand. The Washer is now in successful
operation in more than a hundred families in this
vicinity, and its merits are fully established.
SCHOOLCRAFT WASHER CO.

   

KALAMAZ00, MICE.

Schoolcraft, J one 28th, 1881. julyl-tf

THE 5 - TON

WAGON SCALES.

ARE SOLD FOR. 360.

All Iron and Steel. Sold on trial—freight paid by
us-—no money asked till tested and found satisfac-
tory. All sizes manufactured.

_ JONES OF BINGHAMPTON,
Binghampton, N. Y.
Send for Circulars and further particulars.

Paw Paw; Mich., May 18th, 1878.
Jonas or Bmenamronz '

My Scales give entire satisfaction. I have subject-
ed it to the most severe tests and find it not only
correct in weighing large or small amounts, but
perfectly reliable.

[Signed]

Yours, Fraternally,

J. J. WOODMAN.
3 in—1yr

PAINT for PATRONS.

THE BEST AND CHEAPEST.
immense Reduction in Prices from April 15, I881.

FREIGH 1‘ FREE.

l1uarterman’s Ready-Mixed Paints.‘

Used by Patrons all Over the Land.
QU'ARTERMAN’S GUIDE TO PAINTING

WITH SAMPLE COLORS SENT FREE TO ANY PATRON,

§’Send for our Prices before purchasing else-
where. Address
E. A. QUARTERMAN,

mayl5-6m 159 South Street, New York City.

PRICE LIST OF

HoRsiai_ NETS.

Nets made of l6—thread twine, full net, body,
neck and car tips, by the dozen, each $1.10. Sixty
days time. Ten per cent. off for cash.

Body Nets, reaching to the haines, by the dozen,
each 75 cents.

Nets made of 20—thread twine, a small advance
on above prices.

I will send one dozen nets or more at above prices
to any Grange, and those not sold can be returned at

my expense.
JOSEPH SHAW.
Charlotte, Mich.
Order: under Seal of Grange promptly attended to.

  
   
  
   
  
  
  
   
   
 
  
 
   
  
 
  
  
      
 
  
  
  
   
  
   
 
 
  
  
     
    
      
  
   
     
    
  
   
   
  
  
   
    
  
  
  
  
 
  

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